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Yoga Vasishtha
Ensinamentos do sábio Vasishtha ao seu discípulo, o
príncipe Rama. Por Valmiki
Seleção de trechos, traduzidos por Gustavo André Cunha
A obra denominada Yoga Vasistha (योग-वािस) é um texto espiritual indiano atribuído
tradicionalmente ao sábio Valmiki. Parece ter sido escrita aproximadamente entre os séculos V e
XIV d.C., embora seja difícil datar esse tipo de texto. A obra completa é muito grande,
constituída por mais de 30.000 versos. Contém muitas narrativas que apresentam, de forma clara
e interessante, os ensinamentos sobre a não-dualidade (Advaita Vedanta), apresentados como
fundamento para a compreensão dos objetivos do Yoga. A obra parece ter sofrido influências
budistas e tem forte tendência Shivaísta. É um livro muito respeitado, na Índia. É também
conhecido por outros nomes: Maha-Ramayana, Arsha-Ramayana, Vasishtha-Ramayana e
Vashistha Gita.
A história do texto é ambientada em um encontro entre o sábio Vasishtha e o príncipe Rama.
No início da história, o príncipe está retornando ao palácio depois de visitar todo o reino, e parece
desanimado, desiludido com o mundo. Seu pai, o rei Dasaratha, conversa com o sábio Vasishtha,
falando estar preocupado com seu filho, e o sábio o consola, dizendo que o desânimo aparente de
Rama é um bom sinal, por mostrar que ele está se libertando do apego pelo mundo e que está
pronto para receber os ensinamentos espirituais. Então, pede que Rama seja chamado, e durante
vários dias o instrui sobre os mais profundos conhecimentos, que formam o corpo desta obra.
O ensinamento central, em harmonia com o Vedanta, é o de que apenas existe uma única
realidade, Brahman (o Absoluto), que é idêntico ao Eu mais profundo de cada um de nós
(Atman), que é o observador, a consciência, a testemunha de tudo. Todo o universo é uma ilusão,
e quando se percebe isso, chega-se ao fim de todos os sofrimentos. Não existe a multiplicidade,
não existe diferença entre o sujeito e o objeto, existe apenas uma única realidade, uma Unidade.
O Yoga Vasishtha apresenta um vasto conjunto de ensinamentos filosóficos, explica a
natureza da consciência humana, discorre sobre a natureza do universo, o processo de libertação
espiritual, e a concepção não-dualista da realidade.
Há uma tradução completa para o inglês, que pode ser encontrada neste endereço:
http://www.scribd.com/group/73643-yoga-vasishtha-mitra-translation
Há também uma tradução em inglês resumida (Laghu Yoga Vasishtha), disponível neste site:
http://www.archive.org/details/yogavasishtalagh00aiyeuoft
Tradução para o português por Gustavo André Cunha
http://www.scribd.com/doc/15896812/YogaVasishtha1aParte
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