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Petrogal MANUAL DE PROCEDIMENTOS

Data:2007-02-21
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ESPECIFICAÇÕES DE ENGENHARIA
Data: 2007-02-21
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TANKS
Elaborou: Verificou: Aprovou:
Mod. Q-03 Reprodução proibida

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INDEX
SECTION PAGE
1 SCOPE 6
2 DEFINITIONS 6
3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 7
3.1 ENGINEERING CODES 7
3.2 ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS 7
4 SUPPLIER'S OBLIGATIONS/RESPONSIBILITIES 8
5 DOCUMENTATION 8
6 DESIGN CONDITIONS 10
6.1 PRESSURE 10
6.2 TEMPERATURE 10
6.3 CORROSION ALLOWANCE 10
6.4 WIND AND EARTHQUAKE 11
6.5 ALLOWABLE ANCHOR BOLT STRESS: 12
6.6 ADDITIONAL STIFFENING 12
6.7 OPENINGS 13
7 MATERIALS 13
8 MINIMUM THICKNESS 13

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9 BOTTOMS 14
10 SHELLS 14
11 ROOFS 14
11.1 GENERAL 14
11.2 FIXED ROOFS 14
11.3 FLOATING ROOFS 15
11.4 FLOATING COVERS 15
12 APPURTENANCES 16
12.1 MANHOLES 16
12.2 DRAW-OFF SUMPS 16
12.3 VENTS 16
12.4 ROOF DRAINS 17
12.5 STAIRWAYS AND PLATFORMS 17
12.6 GROUNDING 18
12.7 FLOATING ROOF PERIPHERAL SEAL 18
12.8 FIRE PROTECTION 19
12.9 HEATING SYSTEM 21
12.10 CONTROL AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS 22
13 FLANGED CONNECTIONS 22
13.1 GENERAL 22
13.2 BLIND FLANGES 23

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13.3 BOLTING 23
13.4 GASKETS 23
14 INTERNALS 23
15 TANK ATTACHMENTS 23
16 NAMEPLATES 24
17 WELDING 24
18 HEAT TREATMENT 25
19 TOLERANCES 25
20 INSPECTION AND TESTING 25
20.1 GENERAL 25
20.2 PRESSURE TESTS 26
20.3 TESTING BOTTOM TIGHTNESS 27
20.4 TESTING TANK ROOF 27
20.5 FLOATING ROOF DRAINS 28
21 PAINTING 28
22 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT 29
23 SPARE PARTS 29
24 LOADING 29

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25 STANDARD DRAWINGS 30

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1 SCOPE
This specification covers the minimum requirements for the design, field/shop
fabrication, inspection, testing and documentation of tanks and supplements the
specifications and requirements of the code under which the tanks are to be
designed.
This specification is applicable to tanks with the following characteristics:
Vertical butt-welded cylindrical shell.
All welded steel.
Fixed/floating roof and open top.
Internal floating cover.
Storage of non refrigerated liquids.
Maximum design pressure at 1000 mbarg.
Tanks may have a storage or a process function and may be shop or field
fabricated.
2 DEFINITIONS
Principal : Galp Energia, Petróleos de Portugal S.A. (Petrogal) or the

company acting on principal’s behalf.
Contractor : The party which carries out engineering (if applicable), supply
of materials, fabrication and installation/construction.
Supplier : Any manufacturer or supplier who is appointed by the

principal or contractor and responsible for the supply of
materials or equipment or services.
Shall : Is to be understood mandatory.
Should : Is to be understood as strongly recommended.
May be : Is to be understood as giving a freedom of choice.

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3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
3.1 ENGINEERING CODES
SIS Swedish Institute Standard – Pictorial Surface

Preparation
Standards for Painting Steel Surfaces.
API STD 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage.
3.2 ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS
BES 1400-106 Storage Tank Foundations and Bunds and Standard

Drawings.
BES 2300-101 Surface Preparation and Painting.
API SPEC 12F Specification for Shop Welded Tanks for Storage of
Production Liquids
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
NFPA 15 Standard for Water Spray Systems for Fire Protection
NFPA 11 Standard for Low, Medium and High Expansion Foam
3.2.1 PORTUGUESE RULES
Decree-Law nº 267/2002, Nov. 26 – Licensing procedures
3.2.2 SUPPLEMENTARY SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS
Design and construction code and national and/or local regulations as

specified in the requisition.
The standard drawings attached to this specification.
Owner's specifications referred to in the requisition.
Supplier's specifications referred to in the requisition.
In case of contradiction between code, rules, specification and standards the

following priority shall apply:
Code of design and construction.*

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The purchase order requisition, including tank data sheets.
Suppliers specifications and standards.
Note: * The requirements of this document shall apply if more stringent than
the code requirements.
4 SUPPLIER'S OBLIGATIONS/RESPONSIBILITIES
Supplier shall design, fabricate field/shop, assemble, test, prepare documentation

and deliver all tanks and accessories to complete the work.
Supplier shall ensure compliance with the code and authority regulations, including
the use of third party inspection, if necessary and shall obtain local authority
approval. This includes delivery of all documents required to satisfy the codes.
Any deviations from buyer's requisitions, specifications or standards must be

submitted to buyer in writing for approval prior to start the related work.
Supplier shall execute his services to good engineering practice and workmanship
quality norms.
Further obligations/responsibilities are contained in subsequent sections of this

specification.
Buyer's approval of supplier's documents does not relieve supplier of his

responsibilities for the services as covered in the requisition.
Before starting completely shop-fabricated tanks, supplier shall ascertain that

shipment of the tank to the site is feasible.
For additional technical requirements, refer to applicable part of the subcontract.
5 DOCUMENTATION
Copies of properly certified supplier documents as specified on the requirements for

documents sheets are to be submitted to buyer for review, approval and reference
in accordance with the requisition.
Each document shall have been checked by supplier's qualified engineers and
marked and signed to that effect. The final, certified, issue shall be signed by the
third party organisation, if this is required.
As a minimum, the documents shall cover the following as far as applicable:

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a. General arrangement drawing with all construction details and ASTM

materials spec., operating conditions, test pressure, corrosion allowance,
painting system and type of insulation.
b. Buyer's purchase order number and relevant equipment item number.
c. Applicable code(s), standards and specifications, including date and revision.
d. Materials of construction, including material standard and type of certificate.
e. Location, size, type, rating, facing and schedule of all connections.
f. Design pressure and temperature, joint efficiency, hydrostatic test pressure

and hazard category.
g. Position of longitudinal and circumferential welded joints.
h. Welding details and reference to welding procedure.
i. Material finish specification.
j. Actual weights and volume.
k. Dimensions, including wall thickness.
l. Tolerances.
m. Manufacturer's serial number.
n. Reference to all detail drawings.

o. Detail of nameplate.
p. Extent of heat treatments, radiography and other non-destructive/-

destructive tests.
q. Gasket make, type and dimensions.
r. Sealing type, make and material of floating roofs.
s. Information marked as "to be confirmed by supplier" in the requisition.
Revisions shall be clearly indicated with a revision mark as close as possible to the
modification.
Weld details shall identify which welds are shop and which are field applied.
All drawings and documents must be presented in the English language and in the
SI units of measurement, except as specified in the requisition.

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Documents and drawings to be submitted to the Portuguese authorities shall be

presented in the Portuguese language.
6 DESIGN CONDITIONS
6.1 PRESSURE
Minimum operating conditions are specified on the individual tank data sheets.
Supplier shall design the tank for the design pressures as specified in the
requisition.
The minimum hydrostatic test pressure shall be established in accordance with the
code.
The term "test pressure" shall apply to the pressure measured at the highest point
of the tank in its operating position and shall be applied to the highest point in its
test position.
The design density shall generally be equal to 1. When the product to be stored has
a density higher than 1, the actual density of the product shall be used.
6.2 TEMPERATURE
The design temperature is specified in the requisition.
6.3 CORROSION ALLOWANCE
The corrosion allowance is specified in the requisition.
Corrosion allowance, as specified in the requisition, shall be added to the calculated

thicknesses of bottom, shell and roof, and nozzle necks and flanges of connections.
No additional corrosion allowance will be provided on flange facings. If blind flanges
are used for cover plates, corrosion allowance is required to be added to the
standard thickness only in the amount that the specified tank corrosion allowance
exceeds 6 mm.
Corrosion allowance shall be added to the cover plates and flange plates of plate-
type inspection openings.
Welded-in non-pressured internal components shall be designed to include the

specified corrosion allowance on each surface exposed to tank contents and to
permit the component to function in the corroded condition.
Design of removable non-pressured internal components shall include one half of

the specified corrosion allowance on each surface exposed to tank contents.

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6.4 WIND AND EARTHQUAKE
The wind pressure for checking the overturning stability shall be based on
Regulamento de Segurança e Acções para Estruturas de Edifícios e Pontes, last
edition, and the following procedure:
The wind velocity at elevation (h) shall be calculated with the formula:
0.2
⎛h⎞
V = 25 * ⎜ ⎟ + 14
⎝ 10 ⎠
h = The height above ground level in meters.

V = The wind velocity in meters per second.
The wind pressure at elevation (h) shall be calculated with the formula:
W = 0.613 * V 2

W = The wind pressure in Newton per square meter.
For round objects, a reduction shape factor shall be established, according

to the following criteria:
Shape Factor
d * W * 10 −3 < 0.15 1.2
0.15 ≤ d * W * 10 −3 < 0.3 0.6
0.3 ≤ d * W * 10 −3 < 0.8 0.7
d * W * 10 −3 ≥ 0.8 0.8
d = The diameter of the round object in meters.

W = The wind pressure in Newton per square meters.
For design of top and intermediate wind girders, the wind load shall be based on
the design wind velocity of 100 miles per hour (44.44 m/s) at 30 feet (9.144 m)
above ground level as specified in API 650, last edition. To calculate the wind
velocity at other elevations, the following formula shall be used:
0.2
⎛h⎞
V = 25 * ⎜ ⎟ + 19.88
⎝ 10 ⎠

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h = The height above ground level in meters.

The loadings for earthquake conditions shall be calculated according to

“Regulamento de Segurança e Acções para Estruturas de Edifícios e Pontes”, last
edition.
For the Sines location the following will apply:
Seismic zone : A.
Seismic coefficient (α) : 1.0
Nature of terrain : To be defined after geological

investigation
For the Porto location the following will apply:
Seismic zone : D.
Seismic coefficient (α) : 0.3
Nature of terrain : To be defined after geological

investigation
For constructions in other locations the values indicated in Regulamento de

Segurança e Acções para Estruturas de Edifícios e Pontes shall be applied.
Wind and earthquake conditions shall not be considered to apply at the same time.
6.5 ALLOWABLE ANCHOR BOLT STRESS:
Tension 120 N/mm2.

Shear 80 N/ mm2.
6.6 ADDITIONAL STIFFENING
For shop-fabricated tanks, supplier shall make a design check and, if necessary,
provide additional stiffening to prevent shell, bottom or cover distortion during
fabrication, shipment or erection.

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6.7 OPENINGS
Openings shall, as required, be reinforced to withstand the design loads to which

they will be exposed, including loads derived from piping stress analysis.
7 MATERIALS
All materials used in the fabrication of storage tanks shall have a minimum quality
as specified in the requisition and shall be in accordance with ASTM material
specifications.
Substitute materials are permitted when approved in writing by buyer.
All material identification numbers shall be legibly stamped or stencilled preferably

on the long edge of each component. When stamping is required on rolled surfaces,
a "low stress" stamp is to be used.
The carbon content of all materials should follow API650 and must be stated by the
purchaser in the requisition.
Any non pressured part welded to the tank, such as clips, shall be of similar
material as the tank material, or be provided with a pad of similar material as the
tank component it is attached to.
Reinforcement pads shall be made of the same material as the tank.
8 MINIMUM THICKNESS
The minimum thickness used for construction shall be the larger of the following:
a. The thickness required for pressure plus additional loadings increased by the
corrosion allowance and fabrication tolerances.
b. The minimum thickness specified by the code increased by corrosion

allowance and fabrication tolerances.
The minimum thickness of nozzle neck shall be the larger of:
a. Standard wall increased by the corrosion allowance.
b. Thickness as specified in the requisition.

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9 BOTTOMS
All bottom plates, including sketch plates, shall have a minimum thickness of
6 mm.
The slope of bottoms shall not exceed 12 mm per meter.
10 SHELLS
The top shell course of all tanks shall have a top angle butt welded or double lap
welded to the top shell course.
After completion, the inside surface of floating roof tank walls shall be ground to
remove any roughness liable to impair the seal.
Where a second wind girder is required, it shall be provided at a height as specified

in the applicable code.
11 ROOFS
11.1 GENERAL
All roof plates shall have a minimum plate thickness as specified in the code.
All roofs shall be designed for operating loads and live loads according to the code
or as specified in the requisition.
The selection of the tank, namely roof type, shall take into consideration the
Legislation about vapour emissions, Portuguese and EC, such us Portaria 646/97
(94/63/CE Directive). Reference is made to API 2610 last edition, for guidance.
11.2 FIXED ROOFS
Only self-supporting cone or dome-type roofs shall be used, unless specified

otherwise.
For cone roof tanks during erection, precautions shall be taken to maintain the
slope of the roof sheets to the edge of the curb angle to prevent the development
of flat areas in the roof.
Cone roof slope is 1 in 5. Supplier may quote as an alternative other slope

proportions.

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11.3 FLOATING ROOFS
Type of floating roof shall be either double deck or pontoon type and continuous
weld jointed and liquid tight. Alternative designs are subject to buyer's approval.
The design of the roof, platform and appurtenances shall permit filling to the
overflow level without damaging the roof, seal or any part of the tank.
The centering device, top shell extension, seal and overflow drainage openings shall
be designed to enable the tank to overflow while permitting the roof to be guided
down without damage to the annular seal.
The roof shall be provided with adjustable support legs to support the roof in its
lowest position. The lowest position shall take into account clearance for
appurtenances (e.g. mixers, int. pipes, etc.) A second, higher position, shall permit
the crews to walk in between the bottom and the roof. Bottom plates shall be
provided with pads at each leg position.
11.4 FLOATING COVERS
For flammable products classified as “2ª categoria” a good alternative for floating
roof storage tanks, is the use of fixed roof tanks equipped with an internal floating
cover.
The same type of tanks is also useful for “3ª categoria” products, with the purpose
of decreasing the emissions of storage facilities.
The type of floating covers may be of the ferrous type or the nonferrous type. The
former have a much greater fire resistance than the latter. The Principal shall
decide which type will be installed, based on a proposal from the Supplier, which
shall include the evaluation of the fire resistance of the cover materials and the
suitability for the purpose.
The seals of the floating cover shall be double, and shall be made of fire retardant
material, as well as resistant chemically to the stored products. Double sealing shall
also apply to any opening on the floating cover necessary for the tank equipment
such as stilling wells, temperature probes etc.
The cover shall be provided with adjustable support legs to support the roof in its
lowest position. The lowest position shall take into account clearance for
appurtenances (e.g. mixers, int. pipes, etc.) A second, higher position shall permit
personnel to walk in, between the bottom and the roof. Bottom plates shall be
provided with pads at each leg position
Above the floating cover a vapour/air mixture may be formed. Thus, this space
shall be made free venting, above the cover. The external openings shall be
equipped in order to avoid water and birds entering.

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If, for the purpose of emission reduction, the space is closed and the venting is
done through PV valves, care shall be taken to ensure that no air enters this space,
and the atmosphere is always above the upper flammable limit.
12 APPURTENANCES
Tanks shall be provided with all appurtenances specified on the individual data
sheets for the specific tanks and comply with the requirements as mentioned in this
section.
12.1 MANHOLES
Except as otherwise specified, the number of manholes shall be as shown below:
Tank Diameter Shell Roof
Dia. < 8 m 1 1
8 > dia. < 36 m 2 2
Dia. > 36 m 4 2
Floating roofs, pontoon or double deck shall be provided with manholes to inspect
the entire interior of the roofs.
A clean-out door may be installed instead of a manhole if justified by the necessity

for frequent cleaning (e.g. crude-oil tanks). This shall be specified on the tank data
sheet.
The inside diameter of a manhole in a fixed roof of a storage tank without floating
cover must be ≥ 500 mm; the inside diameter of all other manholes must be
≥ 600 mm.
12.2 DRAW-OFF SUMPS
When specified in tank data sheet, tank bottom shall be provided with draw-off
sumps, in accordance with the code.
Draw-off sumps shall have their nearest outer edge one meter from the shell and
shall be at an adequate distance from the product inlet and outlet nozzles.
12.3 VENTS
Vents without flame arresters shall be provided on all tanks storing products of
which the flash point is above 55°C. Their overall capacity shall be determined in
accordance with the provisions of the code and API 2000.

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Tanks containing products of which the flash point is below 55°C shall be provided
with removable, metallic cloth vents acting as flame arresters.
Floating roof tanks shall be provided with automatic vents allowing air inlet and
exhaust during emptying and filling of the tank, with the roof in low position. Such
vent(s) shall automatically shut when the roof is made to float.
All open roof and shell openings shall be protected with stainless steel screens
against birds.
12.4 ROOF DRAINS
Drains of flexible hose or jointed rigid pipe-type discharging at the tank bottom
shall be provided for evacuating rainwater from floating roof tanks. The type of
drain to be used shall be defined by the Principal.
Such drains shall be dimensioned based on the maximum forecast rainfall.
The drain clearance shall be designed so that the drain movements shall not
interfere with any internals. It may be guided, if appropriate.
12.5 STAIRWAYS AND PLATFORMS
Structural-steel attachments such as stairway, ladder, platform and hand railing

shall be in accordance with code requirements. Additional requirements are
specified on the tank data sheet. Details shall be in accordance with the structural-
steel specification; however, supplier may quote as an alternative his own
standards for which full details shall be given by supplier.
A helical staircase shall provide access to tank roofs, maximum angle with a
horizontal line: 45°, with non-slip dismountable treads.
It shall be equipped with a terminal landing giving access to the top side of the
roof. Where the vertical rise of the stairways is more than 9 m, intermediate
landing or landings shall be provided.
All parts attached to the shell shall be continuously welded to prevent corrosion
between the shell and the attached part. Any deviations to this requirement shall
be explicitly mentioned in supplier's bid and requires buyer's approval.
The staircase shall be clear of the foundations.
Floating roof tanks shall be provided with rolling ladder giving access to the tank
roof.

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Construction of the rolling ladder shall prevent derailing due to weather conditions
or other sources of failure.
Rolling ladder shall be provided with self-orienting grating treads. Stair travel shall
be adequate to allow for all roof positions.
The location of the fittings shall not interfere with the ladder travel.
12.6 GROUNDING
The shell shall be provided with grounding lugs complying with the standard
drawing.
Floating roof tanks shall be equipped with a link between the shell and the fixed
and moving equipment, such as floating roofs and escalators.
Quantity of lugs is specified in the tank data sheet.
12.7 FLOATING ROOF PERIPHERAL SEAL
The roof peripheral seal shall preferably be of the dry type, filled with polyurethane
foam. Other types to be agreed with Principal.
Both primary and secondary seals shall be made of fire retardant material.
Whatever the type of seal used, the envelope fabric shall be of a material resisting,
at 50°C, hydrocarbons with an aromatics content of 98% and a sulphur content of
2%.
For the floating roof type, the seal shall be protected by a ring of wipers consisting
of overlapping hinged steel scales rubbing against the shell.
Each protecting scale shall have a louver-shaped cut-out to allow for fire foam if fire
foam protection is specified.
The intake area of the louvers shall be of approximately 200 cm².
Vapour-mounted seals shall have a minimum of two vents to evacuate gas vapours
or air pockets from underneath the seal of the floating roof in accordance with
API standard 2000.
Secondary seals shall be installed to limit the VOC emissions according to Portaria
nº 646/97, August 11 (Directive, nº. 94/63/CE).
Light product tank external walls and roof shall have a finishing coat with heat
reflection capacity higher than 70%, according to Portaria nº. 646/97, August 11
(Directive, nº. 94/63/CE).

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12.8 FIRE PROTECTION
12.8.1 EXPOSURE PROTECTION
12.8.1.1 General
The radiation levels to which the tanks may be exposed, as calculated during the
fire assessment process, are the basis for defining the quantities of firewater
required for exposure protection.
This study, to be performed at an early stage, will allow a better definition of the
cooling requirements and a more rational approach on the cooling protection
operations. The definition of the radiation levels, at which the tank walls and roof
would be subjected, on the several fire scenarios caused by adjacent tanks and
installations, should lead to a definition of the sections to protect and thus on the
split to be considered on the cooling circuits around each tank.
As a general rule the roof, walls and other tank equipment, such as stairs,
instrumentation, cables and cable trays, etc., should be kept below 100ºC, when
subject to external fire exposure. By maintaining a water film over the exposed
surface, its temperature is kept below 100ºC, thus avoiding the escalation of fire
and the damaging of the equipment. The preferred way of applying water over the
equipment surface is by spraying it on the section concerned.
12.8.1.2 Insulated tanks
On insulated tanks the exposed external surface, including appurtenances, should

be protected via the use of fire water monitors, which will spray water on the
equipments to be protected. The water application rate should range between 6 and
12.2 l/min/m2 of surface. The last value should be applicable to instrumentation
and cables as well as stairs, ladders etc.
The layout of the water monitors, positioned externally to the retention basin, shall
be considered, even redistributing them or increasing their number, in order to fulfil
the requirement For the roof of uninsulated fixed roof atmospheric storage tanks, a
rate of 1,7 l/min/m2 of surface area shall be applied..
12.8.1.3 Non insulated tanks
For the roof of non insulated fixed roof atmospheric storage tanks, a rate of 1.7
l/min/m2 of surface area shall be applied.
For the tank walls of non insulated atmospheric storage tanks (either fixed roof or
floating roof), a rate of 17 l/min/m of tank circumference shall be applied. Care
shall be taken on maintaining a continuous water film on the wall, for the sector to
be protected. The detailed study of the positioning of the water spray nozzles,
along the wall perimeter and height shall consider the existing obstacles on the
wall, such as reinforcement rings, ladders, stairs, etc.

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The spray fixed installation should be reinforced as a back-up with at least two
water monitors, fixed or mobile, positioned outside the bund walls.
Where supports, stairs, platforms, nozzles, manholes, etc, interfere with the spray
patterns or the rundown water layer, additional spray nozzles shall be provided to
guarantee complete coverage.
12.8.2 FOAM EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
The decision on the installation of fixed foam systems and on the method of
providing foam solution, shall be taken by the Principal, according to the size of the
tank (diameter and height), and the available means on the plant where the tank
will be sited.
The design and installation of foam systems shall follow, as a general rule, NFPA 11
code and the local requirements.
12.8.2.1 Fixed roof storage tanks without internal floating cover
Fixed roof atmospheric storage tanks, containing non-water miscible products shall
be equipped with a subsurface foam injection system.
Subsurface injection systems shall not be used for products having a viscosity
above 100 mm2/sec (cSt), for operating temperatures above 95º C, for polar
solvents or other products requiring the use of alcohol-resistant foams. For these
applications over the top discharge outlets (foam pourers) are recommended.
Fixed roof atmospheric tanks containing polar and/or water miscible flammable
products or products with the possibility of water, free or in suspension or other
foam destructive liquids shall be equipped with a semi-subsurface foam injection
system.
The foam solution shall be delivered by a fixed foam distribution system or a semi-
fixed foam system (portable/mobile equipment) depending on site definitions and
preferences.
High back pressure foam makers and its upstream isolation valve shall be installed
outside the bund wall. The connections to the distribution piping, in case of semi-
fixed systems, shall also be installed outside the bund wall at a location upwind of
the prevailing wind direction.
The rate to be considered for foam solution application, shall be 4.1 l/min/m2 of
liquid surface area.
12.8.2.2 Fixed roof storage tanks with internal floating cover.
Normally products of “2ª categoria” will be stored on these type of tanks.

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Fixed roof storage tanks with internal floating cover shall be equipped with topside
rim-seal foam system (foam pourers shall be designed and installed according to
NFPA 11).
Note: The foam solution application rate shall be 6 l/min/m2. The full surface of the
tank floating cover shall be considered.
12.8.2.3 Floating roof tanks
Floating roof tanks shall be equipped with a heat detection system in the rim seal
area, a foam dam on the roof around the rim seal area and foam pourers around
the circumference of the tank (designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 11).
The foam solution shall be delivered by fixed foam system or semi-fixed foam
system (portable/mobile equipment) depending on site definitions and preferences.
Connections to the distribution piping, in case of semi-fixed mobile systems, shall
be installed outside the bund wall at a location upwind of the prevailing wind
direction.
The foam dam, designed to retain the foam above the roof seal, shall consist of a
steel plate 200 mm higher than the wiperssecondary seal, installed at a maximum
distance of 1 m inward from the shell and attached to the top part of the floating
roof chamber by an intermittent weld.
The foam dam shall be provided with slotted drain holes. Size and number shall be
advised by supplier.
The foam solution application rate shall be 6 l/min/m2. Only the rim seal area,
limited by the dam, shall be considered in the calculations.
12.9 HEATING SYSTEM
Where specified in the requisition, a heating system shall be provided consisting

either of heating coils located on the bottom of the tank or of tube heaters.
The heating coils shall be installed horizontally with a regular slope towards the
condensate discharge at not less than 100 mm below the bottom generatrix of the
product inlet and outlet nozzles.
The coils shall be completely butt welded; the use of flanges or screwed fittings is
not allowed.
In floating roof tanks, the coils shall be positioned so as to permit free operation of
the main drain and clearance for the support legs.
All coils shall be secured to supports resting on the tank bottom through bolted
clamps positioned so as to allow free expansion of the assembly.

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The supports shall be continuously welded to the bottom.
The coils shall be spaced not over 600 mm apart. The heating coils shall be
installed only after the bottom has been tested.
12.10 CONTROL AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Control and measuring instruments shall be provided as specified in the requisition.
13 FLANGED CONNECTIONS
13.1 GENERAL
The dimensional specifications and the pressure temperature rating of flanges in

the sizes up to and including 24" shall be in accordance with ANSI B16.5, "Pipe
Flanges and Flanged Fittings". Manhole flanges and clean-out openings may be
plate type.
All nozzle connections shall be flanged. Flanged connections, smaller than 1½",
shall be reduced from 2" shell connection as per standard drawing.
Bolted flanges larger than 24" shall be specified to API 605 or BS 3293. A
calculation of these flanges according to the code shall be made, if required.
All special size/designed flanges shall be designed using manufacturer's minimum

gasket seating stress or the code value, whichever is greater.
Slip-on flanges may be used for class 150 rating and at design temperatures in the
range of 0°C to 260°C.
Lap joint flanges shall only be used if specified in the requisition.
Unless internal projections are specified, nozzles are to be cut off flush with the
inside of the shell, bottom or roof and the inside sharp edge shall be broken.
Welding neck flanges shall be bored to same dimensions as inside diameter of pipe
or plate neck.
Bolt holes shall straddle the north/south and/or vertical tank axis, unless
specifically noted otherwise.
Nozzle flanges shall be furnished with gasket surfaces machined to the finish
If flange surface finish is not specified, Supplier shall determine the appropriate
finish for the type of gasket used.

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13.2 BLIND FLANGES
Blind flanges for carbon-steel tanks may be either carbon-steel forgings or plate,
furnished dimensionally in accordance with the flange standard specified.
13.2.2 Blind flanges for alloy tanks shall be of the same alloy in sizes up to DN 80.
For larger sizes, they may be carbon-steel forgings or plate faced with alloy, as
shown on standard drawing.
13.2.3 Each connection specified as "blinded" in the requisition and each manhole
shall be provided with a blind flange, pressure bolting and a service gasket.
13.3 BOLTING
Threads of bolting for ANSI flanges shall be in accordance with ANSI B1.1, class 2A
fit. Sizes 1" and smaller shall be coarse thread series and sizes 1-1/8" and larger
8 pitch thread series. Stud bolts to be provided with two heavy hexagonal nuts.
13.4 GASKETS
External gaskets shall be as specified in the requisition.
Internal gaskets shall be graphite internally reinforced, unless otherwise specified in

requisition.
14 INTERNALS
All removable internals shall pass through manhole(s).
Hexagon headed bolts, in accordance with ANSI B1.1 with one nut, shall be used
for internal connections. The minimum bolt size is ½”.
15 TANK ATTACHMENTS
All tank attachments such as insulation supports, piping clips, ladder clips and
platform clips, shall be provided by supplier in accordance with the appropriate
standards and drawings.
Reinforcing pads for internal or external structural attachments to tank shells shall
be provided with a 6 mm diameter vent hole for the enclosed space between welds.
The internal vent hole shall be plug welded after completion of all welds of the pad.

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16 NAMEPLATES
Tanks shall have separate stainless-steel code and supplier's nameplates

permanently attached to the tank. Nameplate data shall not be stamped on shell.
These nameplates shall be mounted on a bracket, as shown on the applicable

standard drawing.
The nameplate shall be located approximately 300 mm above the lowest man way,
unless otherwise specified in the requisition.
17 WELDING
Shell plates shall be thus laid out to minimise the number of welds.
Openings and preferably all attachments and reinforcing pads shall clear
longitudinal and circumferential seams.
For floating roof tanks, the joints shall be back welded at the inside.
The vertical joints of the first shell course shall be so located that they do not
interfere with the joints in the bottom plates.
When it is necessary for external attachments to cross tank seams, the attachment
weld shall be omitted at the seams subjected to buyer's approval.
Where a nozzle or other attachment falls within a seam which cannot be relocated,
supplier shall notify buyer. Buyer will either relocate the nozzle or attachment, or
specify additional inspection for the affected seam.
Shell seams shall be double-welded butt joints, except at those locations where
double butt welding is not possible. Single-sided welds shall have full penetration.
Bottom plate and roof plates shall be either lap joint or butt joint.
Annular plate joints shall be single-sided butt joint with backing strip.
The inside surface of the shell shall be formed and matched to be as flush as
possible at the weld seams. Generally, when a difference in thickness exists
between shell plates, the inside diameter shall hold.
The maximum allowable offset of shell sections shall not exceed code requirements.
The tank shall be designed to have all courses truly vertical. The distance between
vertical joints in adjacent courses should not be less than one third of the plate
length.

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Nozzles shall be attached to the tank by full penetration welds.
Attachments such as lugs, clips and seats shall be designed to be welded to the
tank shell or roof by continuous fillet welds, for design temperature above 0°C and
by continuous full penetration welds for design temperatures below 0°C.
Welding may only be executed by qualified welders.
No welding shall be performed on tanks or parts thereof after stress relieving

without specific approval by buyer. Design drawings shall specify that a note to this
effect be painted on the tank.
18 HEAT TREATMENT
Tanks or parts thereof shall be post welded heat treated, as required by the code.
Tanks or parts thereof that require additional heat treatment to enhance corrosion
resistance or mechanical properties, shall receive these heat treatments when
called for in the requisition or material specification, or when these are a
requirement of the material manufacturer.
Supplier shall submit to buyer as part of a fabrication procedure, an outline of the

additional heating operations that tank parts will be subjected to during fabrication.
Supplier shall notify buyer of any unusual configuration or component design such
that high stresses may be developed in welds because of restraint. Buyer's
approval to omit stress relieving is to be obtained.
Flange facings must be protected against oxidation during heat treatment.
19 TOLERANCES
Tolerances are to be in accordance with the applicable standard drawing and code.
20 INSPECTION AND TESTING
20.1 GENERAL
Buyer's and/or client's inspectors may engage in the inspection of the tank as
specified in the scope of inspection sheet attached to the requisition. The inspectors
shall have free access to supplier's and his subcontractor's work at both shop and
erection site at all reasonable times and during all tests.

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Welded seams shall be subjected to radiographic examinations, as required by the

code.
Ultrasonic examination, magnetic particle or dye penetrant may be used as an

alternative quality assurance method to radiography only where code so permits
and where radiography is not practical. Use as a back-up tool for radiography, or to
locate plate or weld defects, is not restricted.
All heat numbers shall be marked by paint or other legible means in such a way
that these can easily be noted and read after erection. For bottom plates these shall
be on the inside, for all other parts, on the outside.
20.2 PRESSURE TESTS
Minimum test water temperature for carbon or low-alloy steel tanks, shall be 7°C,
or 5°C above embrittlement transition temperature, when this is higher. Water
must be clean, without contaminants.
Each tank shall be hydrostatically tested to the test pressure as per the code.
For field tests, the filling rate, holding time and drainage shall be as per code and
owner's requirements.
Supplier shall, for all field-fabricated tanks, submit a test procedure for approval by
buyer.
For field-fabricated tanks, the following procedure is given as a guideline:
Prior to the tests mentioned below, several levels shall be plotted on the tank
bottom, in order to check the settlement after the tank is emptied.
All shell nozzles shall be plugged and the tank shall be filled with water. Water-
filling rates and observation times can be as follows:
Filling to 1/3 of the tank at a rate of 45 cm/h.
Observing for 24 hours.
Filling to 2/3 of the tank at a rate of 30 cm/h.
Observing for 24 hours.
Filling up the tank at a rate of 25 cm/h.
Observing for 24 hours, then emptying.

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Austenitic stainless-steel tanks shall be tested with water having a maximum

chloride content of less than 50 ppm. After testing, the tank shall be thoroughly
dried. Alternate test media may be used only with the approval of buyer.
The test pressure shall be maintained for the period specified by the code, but not
less than half an hour.
Blind flanges, piping components, etc., which supplier has to provide, shall be
bolted up and hydro tested together with tank.
Test gaskets shall be the same type as the service gasket, but do not need to be of
the same material if the seating characteristics are similar. Use of a sheet test
gasket in lieu of a spiral-wound, metal-jacketed or similar gasket, is permitted in
limited cases, with the prior approval of buyer.
For shop-fabricated tanks the test gaskets may be left in place, but to facilitate
entry in the field, only four bolts shall be installed on manhole flanges to hold cover
in place.
Each joint that has been bolted up prior to shipment from the shop, must be
provided with a firmly attached tag, listing the type of gasket that has been
installed.
Nozzle reinforcing pad welds shall be tested with maximum 0.5 barg air and soap
suds solution.
Where additional tests are required, such as air or halide tightness test, penetrant
liquid or magnetic particle inspection, these shall be performed in accordance with
instructions given in the requisitions and the methods of inspection prescribed in
the code.
20.3 TESTING BOTTOM TIGHTNESS
The bottom shall be tested in accordance with the methods recommended in the
code.
Preference is given to the vacuum method with testing box and soap solution.
20.4 TESTING TANK ROOF
20.4.1 FIXED ROOF TANKS
Fixed roof tightness testing shall be done in strict accordance with the requirements
of the code.

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The pressure shall be strictly controlled using a very accurate pressure gauge
during the entire period of the test.
The roof tightness shall be tested by applying a soap solution on all the welds.
The vacuum pressure test shall be performed after emptying the tank down to a
low level of about 1 m.
During emptying, all roof openings shall be opened. Then, except for the relief
devices, the openings shall be closed and emptying shall proceed with care until a
negative pressure of 2.5 mbar for non pressured tanks or 6 mbar for pressure
tanks is reached. The pressure shall be carefully measured with a pressure gauge.
20.4.2 FLOATING ROOF TANKS
Floating roofs shall be tested in strict accordance with the requirements of the
code.
The roof operation shall be tested, as well as the tightness of the seal between the
shell and the roof.
20.5 FLOATING ROOF DRAINS
After installation, hose or jointed drains shall be subjected to hydraulic tests at a

pressure of 3.5 bar, with the tank empty.
Following the tests the drains shall be cleaned and checked for correct operation.
After the initial fill, the bottom distortion shall be approximately as designed
(theoretical estimation of the soil settlement) and shall in no event have sags
where large quantities of liquid can be trapped; if such is the case, repairs shall be
considered.
21 PAINTING
The type of protective internal and external coating for a particular tank shall be as
The tank shall be cleaned inside and outside of weld spatter, weld slag, flux
deposits, burrs and splinters, loose mill scale and all other foreign matter.
Special care shall be taken that austenitic stainless-steel surfaces do not come into
contact with the primer of carbon-steel parts.
Steel plates stored pending erection shall be suitably protected against oxidation.

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For field-erected tanks, it is recommended to prime all plates prior to delivery to

erection site. Heat numbers shall in this case be left unpainted.
Before erection, the outside surface of bottom plates shall be brushed and
degreased, to achieve the grade St 3 of surface quality, in accordance with SIS
standard.
For floating roof tanks supplier shall indicate which type of protection he considers
for the inside of chambers.
22 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT
After completion of fabrication and testing, the shop-fabricated tanks shall be

thoroughly drained of water and dried.
All parts and prefabricated parts of field-fabricated tanks shall be thoroughly

cleaned, match marked and bevelled for welding prior to shipment.
Carbon-steel flange facings (except on nozzles shipped with gaskets in place), shall
be coated with an easily removable rust preventative. All flange facings must be
protected with temporary shipping covers. Screwed openings shall be protected
with a plastic pipe thread plug.
23 SPARE PARTS
Supplier shall supply 10% spare bolting with a minimum of 2 bolts of each size and
type.
Supplier shall supply 2 spare gaskets for each blinded nozzle and bolted connection.
24 LOADING
Supplier must ensure that equipment and/or all parts thereof is properly loaded and
secured to the carrier, preventing damages from or cradles, hold-down devices or
otherwise, and that clearance requirements are met.

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25 STANDARD DRAWINGS
The following standard drawings form a part of this specification:
Drg No. Description

SD.0800.101.01 Nozzle Arrangements, 1 of 3
SD.0800.101.04 Internal Plate Flanges – Non Pressure
SD.0800.101.05 Nameplate Bracket
SD.0800.101.06 Insulation Supports for Storage Tanks
SD.0800.101.07 Grounding Lug Type 1 & 2
SD.0800.101.08 Tolerances for Storage Tank
SD.0800.101.09 Alloy Liner Details, 1 of 2
SD.0800.101.10 Alloy Liner Details, 2 of 2

Bes 0800 101 - 1

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Edição:01

Petrogal MANUAL DE PROCEDIMENTOS

Elaborou: Verificou: Aprovou:

Mod. Q-03 Reprodução proibida

3.1 ENGINEERING CODES 7

3.2 ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS 7

6.3 CORROSION ALLOWANCE 10

6.4 WIND AND EARTHQUAKE 11

6.5 ALLOWABLE ANCHOR BOLT STRESS: 12

6.6 ADDITIONAL STIFFENING 12

Mod. Q-01 Reprodução proibida

11.2 FIXED ROOFS 14

11.3 FLOATING ROOFS 15

11.4 FLOATING COVERS 15

12.2 DRAW-OFF SUMPS 16

12.4 ROOF DRAINS 17

12.5 STAIRWAYS AND PLATFORMS 17

12.7 FLOATING ROOF PERIPHERAL SEAL 18

12.8 FIRE PROTECTION 19

12.9 HEATING SYSTEM 21

12.10 CONTROL AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS 22

13.2 BLIND FLANGES 23

Mod. Q-01 Reprodução proibida

20 INSPECTION AND TESTING 25

20.2 PRESSURE TESTS 26

20.3 TESTING BOTTOM TIGHTNESS 27

20.4 TESTING TANK ROOF 27

20.5 FLOATING ROOF DRAINS 28

22 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT 29

Mod. Q-01 Reprodução proibida

Mod. Q-01 Reprodução proibida

This specification is applicable to tanks with the following characteristics:

 Vertical butt-welded cylindrical shell.

 All welded steel.

 Fixed/floating roof and open top.

 Internal floating cover.

 Storage of non refrigerated liquids.

 Maximum design pressure at 1000 mbarg.

Principal : Galp Energia, Petróleos de Portugal S.A. (Petrogal) or the

Supplier : Any manufacturer or supplier who is appointed by the

Shall : Is to be understood mandatory.

Should : Is to be understood as strongly recommended.

May be : Is to be understood as giving a freedom of choice.

Mod. Q-01 Reprodução proibida

3.1 ENGINEERING CODES

 SIS Swedish Institute Standard – Pictorial Surface

 API STD 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage.

3.2 ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS

 BES 1400-106 Storage Tank Foundations and Bunds and Standard

 BES 2300-101 Surface Preparation and Painting.

 ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

 NFPA 15 Standard for Water Spray Systems for Fire Protection

 NFPA 11 Standard for Low, Medium and High Expansion Foam

3.2.1 PORTUGUESE RULES

 Decree-Law nº 267/2002, Nov. 26 – Licensing procedures

3.2.2 SUPPLEMENTARY SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS

 Design and construction code and national and/or local regulations as

 The standard drawings attached to this specification.

 Owner's specifications referred to in the requisition.

 Supplier's specifications referred to in the requisition.

In case of contradiction between code, rules, specification and standards the

 Code of design and construction.*

Vertical butt-welded cylindrical shell.

All welded steel.

Fixed/floating roof and open top.

Internal floating cover.

Storage of non refrigerated liquids.

Maximum design pressure at 1000 mbarg.

SIS Swedish Institute Standard – Pictorial Surface

API STD 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage.

BES 1400-106 Storage Tank Foundations and Bunds and Standard

BES 2300-101 Surface Preparation and Painting.

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

NFPA 15 Standard for Water Spray Systems for Fire Protection

NFPA 11 Standard for Low, Medium and High Expansion Foam

Decree-Law nº 267/2002, Nov. 26 – Licensing procedures

Design and construction code and national and/or local regulations as

The standard drawings attached to this specification.

Owner's specifications referred to in the requisition.

Supplier's specifications referred to in the requisition.

Code of design and construction.*

The purchase order requisition, including tank data sheets.

Suppliers specifications and standards.

For round objects, a reduction shape factor shall be established, according

Seismic coefficient (α) : 1.0

Nature of terrain : To be defined after geological

Seismic coefficient (α) : 0.3

Nature of terrain : To be defined after geological