O METAL NA

ARQUITETURA
CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO JORGE AMADO
ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO 6° SEMESTRE
DISCIPLINA: CONSTRUÇÃO E RESTAURAÇÃO
ALUNOS: CHAWANA BASTOS, LUCIANO BATISTA, TAMIRES OLIVEIRA
 APRESENTAÇÃO
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 DE>INIÇÃO DE METAL

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 CONTETO HISTRICO
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 CONTETO HISTRICO

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 A EVOLUÇÃO DO METAL
NA ARQUITETURA

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 A EVOLUÇÃO DO METAL
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 A REVOLUÇÃO
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 A REVOLUÇÃO
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A REVOLUÇÃO
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 A ARTE NOVA
NA EUROPA
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 OBTENÇÃO DOS METAIS
GERALMENTE OBEDECE A DUAS >ASES:
A MINERAÇÃO E A METALURGIA

• A e5)%(*+" " $&2%&" -"e se% 4e&)(

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 LIGAS METÁLICAS
AS LIGAS METÁLICAS SÃO MATERIAIS COM PROPRIEDADES
METÁLICAS QUE CONTM DOIS OU MAIS ELEMENTOS,
SENDO QUE PELO MENOS UM DELES  METAL3

A -%"'*+" (s /&0(s $e)1/&!(s se 1

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 LIGAS METÁLICAS
SÃO EEMPLOS DE LIGAS METÁLICASF

AÇO: )e$ $(&s %es&s)?!&(  )%(*+" 'e " 4e%%" -'%"F

AÇO INOIDAVEL: N+" e4e%%'(F
LATÃO: >1!&/ e $"/(%, 4/e5&&/&(e e "( (-(%?!&(F
BRONE: Res&s)e)e  !"%%"s+"
E)%e "')%"sF

As /&0(s $'&)(s .ees (!(($ se" $(&s e4&!(es 'e "s $e)(&s -'%"s e s+"
-%e-(%((s !"$ .1%&(s 4&(/&(es e 's"s3
 PROPRIEDADES
IMPORTANTES
Os $()e%&(&s e5-%ess($=se .&s'(/$e)e (" se%
#'$(" ()%(.2s ( s'( "-(!&(e, %&/#" e !"%,
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!"$ ( /'3
Es)(s !(%(!)e%<s)&!(s ese$-e#($ '$ -(-e/
&$-"%)()e " .(/"% s&$;/&!" e (%)<s)&!" "s
$()e%&(&sF

Me)(&s !"$" " !"%e, " "'%" e ( -%()(, 'e, -"% +" se
"5&(%e$ 4(!&/$e)e e$ !")()" !"$ " (%, $()?$ "
se' %&/#" e !"% !(%(!)e%<s)&!(s '%()e /"0"s -e%<""s
e )e$-"3
 PROPRIEDADES IMPORTANTES
S+" -%"-%&e(es &$-"%)()es " $e)(/F
(ss"!&("s ( ses(*9es e 4%&e(, %&0&e e es!"4"%)", )%(s$&)&"s
-e/( s'( (-(%?!&(3
: )%(s$&)e$ $'&)" e$ " e s+" "s $()e%&(&s

'e $(&s 4(!&/$e)e se -"e$ $"/(% '$( 0%(e .(%&e(e e 4"%$(s3

: $'&)" "s !"')"%es e e/e)%&!&(e3
-"e$ e5e%!e% 4'*9es es)%')'%(&s, e -%")e*+", e!"%(*+",
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: P"e$ se% e5)%e$($e)e '%"s, "' %e/()&.($e)e $"/es3
 PROPRIEDADES IMPORTANTES
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: De)e%$&( ('$e)" " !"$-%&$e)" ( (%%( ( '(/ 4"&
s'$e)&( ( 4"%*( e4"%$(*+"3

: e-ee, -%&$"%&(/$e)e, ( s'( %es&s)?!&( e -%")e*+" !")%(

!"%%"s+" e e "')%"s 4()"%esF
: 2 ( )%(s4"%$(*+" +" &)e!&"(/ e '$ $e)(/, ( -(%)&%
e s'(s s'-e%4<!&es e5-"s)(sF
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 PROPRIDADES APLICAÇES
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 e es)(#"F
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-%"'*+" " (*"3
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B(/%($es, C"/'(s, A%($e, Es)%&"s,
e)!F
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-%"'*+" " (*"3
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%es&s)?!&(  !"%%"s+", e)%e "')%"s3
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4/e5+", e !"$" 2 '$ $()e%&(/ #"$"0?e", -"e se% /($&(", 4"%(",
es)($-(", es)%&("F
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-(%( (-/&!(*9es es)%')'%(&s33
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e "s &"5&1.e&s3
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(-(%e!e" 0e%(/$e)e e$ s's)@!&(s "5&0e((sF
•  '$ Me)(/ !&( !/(%", $'&)" /e.e e !"$ "(s -%"-%&e(es $e!@&!(s3
• Te$ "( !"')&&/&(e e/2)%&!( e )2%$&!(3
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Res&s)?!&(  )%(*+"3
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%es&s)?!&( $e!@&!(3

• E$ 4&"s e !("s e/2)%&!"s, !"e%)'%(s, %e.es)&$e)"s, es'(%&(s -"%)(s,

(e/(s, .&)%Xs, 0'(%&*9es, (%%e$()es, e)!3
• Pe/( s'( %es&s)?!&(  !"%%"s+" 2 ')&/&(" e$ e$(/(0es e (/&$e)"s e
e&(s e "')%"sF
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS

Os $e)(&s +" s+" $()e%&(&s es)1.e&s '&$&!($e)e, -e/" !")%1%&", %e(0e$

!"$ !e%)( 4(!&/&(e !"$ s's)@!&(s e5&s)e)es " $e&" ($&e)e 'e "s
e."/.e3
C"$" )""s "s $e)(&s s+" &4e%e)es, ( s'( %e()&.&(e e .e/"!&(e e %e(*+"
.(%&($, e (!"%" !"$ (s -%"-%&e(es '<$&!(s &s)&)(s, " $()e%&(/3
Os $(&s !"$'s e -%&!&-(&s -%"/e$(s " 's" e $e)(&s s+" "5&(*+",
4e%%'0e$, !"%%"s+" e -()&e .e%e3
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS

• A "5&(*+" 2 '$ -%"!ess" &.e%s" ('e/e 'e "!"%%e ( e5)%(*+" e $e)(&s3

• E'()" ( &s)%&( $e)(/%0&!( )e)( e5)%(&% " $e)(/ (s &$-'%e(s,
&s"/(" " $e)(/, es)e )ee ( ."/)(% (" se' es)(" ()'%(/, %e(0&" !"$ "

•
($&e)e3
A -%ese*( e 10'( e$ !e%)"s ($&e)es (!e/e%($ " -%"!ess" ()'%(/ e
"5&(*+" "s $e)(&s3
• Os $e)(&s "5&($=se e 4"%$( &4e%e)e, e$ (/0's !(s"s !"$ e4e&)"
e24&!", e$ "')%"s !('s(" ("s -%"4'"s " $e)(/3
• Q'(" ( "5&(*+" se )"%( &)es(, e)e%&"%(" " $e)(/, !"s&e%(=se 'e
" $()e%&(/ es)1 s" ( (*+" e !"%%"s+"
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS

• A !"%%"s+" 2 '$ )&-" e e)e%&"%(*+" 'e -"e se% 4(!&/$e)e e!")%((

e$ "%(s $e)1/&!(sF
• A !"%%"s+" "!"%%e -"%'e "s $e)(&s, !"$ e5!e*+" " "'%" e ( -/()&(,
-"ss'e$ -")e!&(&s e "5&(*+" $(&"%es 'e "s " "5&0?&"3 Dess( 4"%$(,
e/es -e%e$ e/2)%"s -(%( " "5&0?&" -%ese)e " (%3
• O $()e%&(/ (!(( -e%e" s'(s '(/&(es esse!&(&s, )(&s !"$"
%es&s)?!&( $e!@&!(, e/(s)&!&(e, '!)&/&(e, es)2)&!(, e)!3
• Q'(" ( !"%%"s+" es)1 e$ <.e&s e/e.("s, )"%(=se &$-%()&!1.e/ s'(
%e$"*+", -"%)()" ( -%e.e*+" e !")%"/e s+" (s $e/#"%es 4"%$(s e
e.&)(% -%"/e$(s3
• E5&s)e$ .1%&"s )&-"s e !"%%"s+"
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
TIPOS DE CORROSÃO
3 CORROSÃO UNI>ORME
• M(&s !"$'$ e e 41!&/ !")%"/e3
• C"s&s)e e$ '$( !($(( e ;5&" e
4e%%" -"'!" (e%e)e e$ )"( ( e5)es+"
" -e%4&/, se" !(%(!)e%&(( -e/( -e%(
e $(ss( e &$&'&*+" ( se!*+"
)%(s.e%s(/ ( -e*(3
• O!"%%e e.&"  e5-"s&*+" &%e)( " (*" (
'$ ($&e)e (0%ess&."

PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE
• P"e se% e.&)(( !"$ ( &s-e!*+" %e0'/(% ( es)%')'%(3
• De-ee" " 0%(' e e)e%&"%(*+" ( -e*(, -"e=se (-e(s %e(/&(% '$(
/&$-e( s'-e%4&!&(/ !"$ ()" e (%e&( e %e".(% ( -&)'%( ()&0(3
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
TIPOS DE CORROSÃO
3 CORROSÃO GALVYNICA

• O!"%%e '(" se ')&/&( $e)(&s

&4e%e)es3
• As -e*(s $e)1/&!(s -"e$ se !"$-"%)(%
!"$" e/2)%""s e -%"$".e% "s e4e&)"s
'<$&!"s e "5&(*+" e %e'*+"3

• E/( 2 e.&)(( ()%(.2s " &s"/($e)" "s $e)(&s "' ( ')&/&(*+" e /&0(s !"$ .(/"%es
-%;5&$"s ( s2%&e G(/.@&!(33
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
TIPOS DE CORROSÃO
Z3 CORROSÃO POR LIIVIAÇÃO

Es)e )&-" e "5&("

e $()e%&(/ !"%%"s+"e4"%$( /($&(s
se es-(/#( -"%
e(&5" e/e ()2 !($((s $(&s
-%"4'(s3

PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE
• O !"$()e ( ess( 4/"!'/(*+" 2 4e&)" "%$(/$e)e !"$ )%()($e)" )2%$&!"3
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
TIPOS DE CORROSÃO
\3 CORROSÃO POR EROSÃO

• O!"%%e e$ /"!(&s )'%'/e)"s "e " $e&" !"%%"s&." se e!")%( e$ (/)(

.e/"!&(e ('$e)(" " 0%(' e "5&(*+" (s -e*(s3
ELA PODE SER DIMINUKDA POR REVESTIMENTOS RESISTENTES,
PROTEÇÃO CATDICA, REDUÇÃO DO MEIO AGRESSIVO E MATERIAIS
RESISTENTES [ CORROSÃO3

3 CORROSÃO SOB TENSÃO

 %es'/)()e ( s"$( e )es+" e )%(*+" e '$ $e&" !"%%"s&."3 Ess( )es+" -"e
se% -%".e&e)e e e!%'($e)", s"/(, )%()($e)" )2%$&!", !(%0(s, e)!3
COM O TEMPO SURGEM MICRO>ISSURAS QUE PODEM ACARRETAR UM
ROMPIMENTO BRUSCO DA PEÇA ANTES DA PERCEPÇÃO DO PROBLEMA3
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
TIPOS DE CORROSÃO
63 CORROSÃO POR PONTOS
• A/)($e)e es)%')&."F
• Ge%( -e%4'%(*9es e$ -e*(s se$ '$( -e%(
")1.e/ e $(ss( e -es" ( es)%')'%(3
• P"e se% &4<!&/ e se e)e!)(% '(" e$
es)10&"s &&!&(&s, -"&s ( s'-e%4<!&e (
e0%((*+" 2 -e'e( se !"$-(%(( 
-%"4'&(e 'e -"e ()&0&%3

PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE
• As -e*(s +" e.e$ (!'$'/(% s's)@!&(s ( s'-e%4<!&eF
• De.e=se e4e)'(% ( /&$-e( " /"!(/ e se ( es)%')'%( +" es)&.e% !"$-%"$e)&(,
-"e=se !"%&% " 4'%" (-/&!(" s"%e e/e '$ se/()e es-e!&(/3
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
TIPOS DE CORROSÃO
3 CORROSÃO POR >RESTAS

• O!"%%e e$ /"!(&s 'e '(s s'-e%4<!&es es)+" e$

!")()" "' $'&)" -%;5&$(sF
• O -%"!ess" e !"%%"s+" se !"!e)%( ( -(%)e
$(&s -%"4'( ( 4%es)(, &4&!'/)(" " (!ess" e "
&(0;s)&!" esse -%"/e$(3

PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE
• Se ( !"%%"s+" es)&.e% e$ es)10&" &&!&(/, -"e=se %e!"%%e% 
/&$-e( s'-e%4&!&(/, se!(0e$ " &)e%&"% ( 4e( e .e(*+" !"$
'$ /<'&" se/()e, (-/&!("=se -"s)e%&"%$e)e '$
%e.es)&$e)" -%")e)"%F
• Se es)&.e% e$ <.e/ (.(*(", )"%(=se e!ess1%&" " %e4"%*" "'
s's)&)'&*+" e -e*(s3
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
TIPOS DE CORROSÃO
3 CORROSÃO EM RANHURAS
• T""s "s e4e&)"s 'e !")e#($ !()"s .&."s,
/"!(&s -(%( e-;s&)" e s"/'*+" ('"s( "'
e5-"s&*+" " $()e%&(/ +" -%")e0&", -"e$ .&% (
(-%ese)(% ess( !"%%"s+"3
• P"% se' )($(#" &$&')", (s %(#'%(s $'&)(s
.ees -(ss($ es-e%!e&(s e$ $(')e*9es e
se )"%($ .&s<.e&s s"$e)e '(" " $()e%&(/
"5&(" (4/"%( ( s'-e%4<!&e3

PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE
•  &$-"%)()e ( /&$-e( ( s'-e%4<!&e (&4&!((, %e$".e"=se )"(s (s &$-'%e(s
" /"!(/3 P"% +" se%e$ e$ 0e%(/ $'&)" e0%(()es, ess(s %(#'%(s -"e$ se%
-&)((s 0(%()&" ( &)e%%'-*+" ( !"%%"s+"3
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
>ERRUGEM
• A 4e%%'0e$ 2 " %es'/)(" ( "5&(*+" " 4e%%"3 Es)e $e)(/ e$ !")()" !"$
" "5&0?&" -%ese)e ( 10'( e " (% se "5&( e es)( %e(*+" s'%0e (
4e%%'0e$ 'e e)e%&"%( -"'!" ( -"'!" " $()e%&(/ "%&0&(/3

PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE
• P(%( e.&)(% 'e (s $1'&(s, 4e%%($e)(s e
e$(&s "e)"s 4e&)"s e 4e%%" se
e!"$-"#($ -"% !('s( ( "5&(*+" 2
e!ess1%&" e.&)(% 'e " e)%e$ e$ !")()"
!"$ " "5&0?&", " 'e -"e se% ")&"
()%(.2s ( -&)'%(, "' !"e%)'%( (
s'-e%4<!&e e 4e%%" !"$ ;/e" "' "')%(s
s's)@!&(s /'%&4&!()esF
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
PÁTINA
• 2 '$ !"$-"s)" '<$&!" 'e se 4"%$(
( s'-e%4<!&e e '$ $e)(/3 Se 4"%$( ()'%(/$e)e,
-e/( e5-"s&*+" ("s e/e$e)"s e (" !/&$(, "'
(%)&4&!&(/$e)e, !"$ ( (&*+" e -%"')"s
'<$&!"s -"% (%)&s)(s "' $e)(/%0&!"sF

O CASO MAIS CARACTERKSTICO  O DO COBREF

C"s&e%(=se " !"%e '&$&!($e)e &e%)e, -"% +"

%e(0&% )+" 4(!&/$e)e !"$ " ($&e)e !"$" "')%"s
$e)(&s3 E/e %e(0e (" /"0" " )e$-" !"$ " !(%"" e (
10'( e5&s)e)e ( ()$"s4e%( es-e!&(/$e)e -"/'<(,
!%&(" '$( -()&e .e%e 'e %e.es)e " $e)(/3
Es)( (/)e%(*+" 2 .&s<.e/ e$ es)1)'(s "' !"e%)'%(s e
e&4<!&"s e %"e3
 METAIS E SUAS PATOLOGIAS
PÁTINA
PREVENÇÃO E
CONTROLE
As s'-e%4<!&es e.e$ se% -%")e0&(s
!"$ )&)(s "' .e%&es ()&=
!"%%"s&."s3
A (-/&!(*+" e -%"')"s 'e
)%(s4"%$($ " 4e%%" e$ (*"
&"5&1.e/ -"e se% !"s&e%((,
!"$ (/0'$( /&e%(e, '$
-%"!ess" e -()&(*+", 4"%$("
'$( s'-e%4<!&e %es&s)e)e ("
)e$-"3
 CONCLUSÃO
M(&s 'e s(e% ese#(% es-(*" 2 e!ess1%&" s(e% !"$" " !"s)%'<=/",
!"$" " $()e%&(/&1=/"3
Os $()e%&(&s s+" ( (se ( (%'&)e)'%(3 S(e% !"$ " 'e se !"s)%;& /&$&)( (
4"%$( e !"s)%'&%3
Dese se$-%e, "s $()e%&(&s $(&s ')&/&("s ( !"s)%'*+" s+" ( -e%(, se's
e%&.("s e ( $(e&%(3 S+" $()e%&(&s 'e se e!")%($ ( ()'%e( 4(!&/$e)e e 'e
+" e!ess&)($ e '$ 0%(e &.es)&$e)" )e!"/;0&!" -(%( se%e$ (-/&!("s3
Os $e)(&s, -"% )e%e$ '$ -%"!ess" e e5)%(*+" e 7-'%&4&!(*+"8 $(&s !"$-/e5",
s'%0&%($ $(&s )(%&($e)e, $(s .e$ se" &)%"'&"s -%"0%ess&.($e)e (
(%'&)e)'%( ese #1 "&s s2!'/"s3 T"%(=se, (ss&$, 4'($e)(/ " es)'" es)es
$()e%&(&s, e'()" $()e%&(&s e !"s)%'*+", e 4"%$( ( (% !")&'&(e (" se'
-%"!ess" e &)e0%(*+" ( (%'&)e)'%(.