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Curso 74289 Aula 00 4d6b Completo
Curso 74289 Aula 00 4d6b Completo
Aula 00
1 - Apresenta•‹o
Vale dizer que este curso Ž concebido para ser o seu œnico
material de estudos, isto Ž, voc• n‹o precisar‡ adquirir livros ou outros
materiais para cobrir os temas de Ingl•s. A ideia Ž que voc• consiga
economizar bastante tempo, voc• poder‡ estudar conforme a sua
disponibilidade, em qualquer ambiente onde voc• tenha acesso a um
computador, tablet ou celular, e evitar‡ a grande perda de tempo
gerada pelo tr‰nsito das grandes cidades. Isso Ž importante para todos
os candidatos, mas Ž especialmente relevante para aqueles que
trabalham e estudam. O nœmero de pessoas que t•m estudado para
concursos via on-line tem crescido rapidamente, Ž um modo pr‡tico de
estudo no conforto do lar, num hor‡rio mais conveniente. Tenho certeza
que voc• ter‡ proveito na disciplina que ministro.
J‡ faz tempo que voc• n‹o estuda Ingl•s do ensino mŽdio? N‹o tem
problema, este curso tambŽm te atende perfeitamente. Isto por que voc•
est‡ adquirindo um material bastante completo, onde voc• poder‡
trabalhar cada assunto em v’deos e tambŽm em aulas escritas, e resolver
uma grande quantidade de exerc’cios, sempre podendo consultar as
minhas resolu•›es e tirar dœvidas no f—rum. Assim, Ž plenamente
poss’vel que, mesmo tendo dificuldades em Ingl•s e estando h‡
algum tempo sem estudar esse tema, voc• consiga um —timo
desempenho no ENEM 2019. Obviamente, se voc• se encontra nesta
situa•‹o, ser‡ preciso investir um tempo maior e dedicar-se bastante ao
conteœdo do nosso curso.
Sabendo que voc• t•m outras disciplinas a estudar - e algumas atŽ com
peso maior - condensei de uma forma precisa os aspectos mais
relevantes da l’ngua e que s‹o mais comuns em estudos para concursos,
uma vez que interpretar textos significa que voc• precisa saber tudo:
gram‡tica, vocabul‡rio, tŽcnicas de interpreta•‹o, etc.
Skimming - uma leitura r‡pida do texto apenas para ter uma no•‹o
geral. MŽtodo onde o leitor move rapidamente os olhos sobre o texto com
o objetivo de perceber o pensamento dominante do autor e ter uma vis‹o
completa do assunto.
Cognato Tradu•‹o
administration administra•‹o
agricultural agr’cola
animal animal
annual anual
Argentine Argentina
attractive atraente
celebration celebra•‹o
commercial comercial
considered considerado
constant constante
continue continuar
cosmopolitan cosmopolitano
creative criativo
cultural cultural
decide decidir
distribution distribui•‹o
economy economia
elegance eleg‰ncia
energy energia
favorable favor‡vel
fruit fruta
gas g‡s
global global
history hist—ria
hotel hotel
industrial industrial
inspect inspecionar
inspection inspe•‹o
institution institui•‹o
international internacional
italian italiano
minute minuto
opera —pera
particulary particularmente
passenger passageiro
processing processo / processando
product produto
protect proteger
public pœblico
recent recente
residential residencial
residents residentes
restaurant restaurante
ritual ritual
sector setor
signal sinal
spirit esp’rito
symbolic simb—lico
traditionally tradicionalmente
transportation transporte
treatment tratamento
university universidade
Quantos cognatos! Viu s—? E olha que eu nem coloquei todos que est‹o
nos textos dessa aula !! N‹o Ž ˆ toa que eles s‹o chamados de amigos
verdadeiros (true friends) n‹o Ž? Eles n‹o v‹o te enganar. Pode confiar !
J‡ est‡ na hora de come•ar a perder o medo de Ingl•s, pois o uso de
tantos cognatos verdadeiros n‹o Ž comum apenas aos textos analisados
na aula de hoje, mas em todos os textos que encontrar na L’ngua Inglesa,
perceber‡ a presen•a dos cognatos (amigos) verdadeiros, que s‹o
praticamente j‡ as palavras traduzidas para o Portugu•s.
Falsos Cognatos
Actually (adv) - na verdade, de fato
Anthem (n) Ð hino
Anticipate (v) - prever; aguardar, ficar na expectativa
Application (n) - inscri•‹o, registro, uso
Appointment (n) - hora marcada, compromisso profissional
Argument (n) - discuss‹o, bate boca
Assist (v) - ajudar, dar assist•ncia
Quest‹o 01
Coment‡rios:
A rela•‹o dos voc‡bulos shower, bus e homeless, no texto, refere-se a:
O texto n‹o diz isso. Nao se trata de prover empregos, mas sim banhos,
para os sem-teto. As palavras usadas para empregar s‹o hire ou employ
e essas n‹o est‹o no texto. Errada.
N‹o se trata de p™r banheiros, mas sim chuveiros nos ™nibus. AlŽm disso
n‹o se refere aos ™nibus que est‹o em circula•‹o. As palavras para
banheiro em ingl•s s‹o: bathroom e restroom. E para banheiro pœblico
port‡til se usa port-o-john. Nenhuma dessas palavras aparecem no
texto. Errada.
O texto diz que cada ™nibus ter‡ dois chuveiros e Doniece Sandoval
espera que, atŽ 2015, eles possam providenciar 2.000 banhos por
semana. Portanto, o nœmero n‹o se refere ˆ quantidade de moradores,
mas sim de banhos. AlŽm disso, os ™nibus s‹o usados apenas para que
eles tomem banho e n‹o para abriga-los. Errada.
GABARITO: B
Translation
San Francisco, according to recent city numbers, has 4,300 people living
on the streets. Among the many problems the homeless face is little or no
access to showers. San Francisco only has about 16 to 20 shower stalls to
accommodate them.
But Doniece Sandoval has made it her mission to change that. The 51-
year-old former marketing executive started Lava Mae, a sort of showers
on wheels, a new project that aims to turn decommissioned city buses
into shower stations for the homeless. Each bus will have two shower
stations and Sandoval expects that by 2015, they'll be able to provide
2000 showers a week.
Andreano C.
Dispon’vel em https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2013/11/lava-
mae-creating-showers-on-wheels-for-the-homeless/
Mas Doniece Sandoval decidiu que seria sua miss‹o mudar esse cen‡rio.
A ex-executiva de marketing de 51 anos iniciou o projeto Lava Mae, uma
espŽcie de banho de chuveiro sobre rodas. Esse novo projeto visa
transformar os ™nibus urbanos desativados em esta•›es de banho para os
sem-teto. Cada ™nibus ter‡ dois chuveiros e Doniece Sandoval espera
que, atŽ 2015, eles possam providenciar 2.000 banhos por semana.
Andreano C.
Dispon’vel em https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2013/11/lava-
mae-creating-showers-on-wheels-for-the-homeless/
Quest‹o 02
1984 (excerpt)
ÒIs it your opinion, Winston, that the past has real existence?Ó (É) OÕBrien
smiled fainting. ÒI will put it more precisely. Does the past exist
concretely, in space? Is there somewhere or other a place, a world of
solid objects, where the past is still happening?Ó
ÒNo.Ó
ÒThen where does the past exist, if at all? Ò
ÒIn records. It is written downÓ.
ÔIn records. And Ñ Ñ?Õ
ÒIn the mind. In human memories.Ó
ÒIn memory. Very well, then. We, the Party, control all records, and we
control all memories. Then we control the past, do we not?
ORWELL. G. Nineteen Eighty-Four. New York. Classics, 1977.
Coment‡rios:
O romance 1984 descreve os perigos de um Estado totalit‡rio. A ideia
evidenciada nessa passagem Ž que o controle de Estado se d‡ por meio
do (a)
ÒIn memory. Very well, then. We, the Party, control all records, and we
control all memories. Then we control the past, do we not?
"Na mem—ria. Muito bem, ent‹o. N—s, o Partido, controlamos todos os
registros e controlamos todas as mem—rias. Ent‹o n—s controlamos o
passado, n‹o Ž?
GABARITO: C
Translation
1984 (excerpt)
1984 (trecho)
ÒIs it your opinion, Winston, that the past has real existence?Ó (É) OÕBrien
smiled fainting. ÒI will put it more precisely. Does the past exist
concretely, in space? Is there somewhere or other a place, a world of
solid objects, where the past is still happening?Ó
Òƒ sua opini‹o, Winston, que o passado tem exist•ncia real?Ó (É) O'Brien
sorriu timidamente. ÒVou explicar mais precisamente. O passado existe
concretamente no espa•o? Existe em algum lugar, um mundo de objetos
s—lidos, onde o passado ainda est‡ acontecendo? Ó
ÒNo.Ó
ÒN‹oÓ.
ÒIn memory. Very well, then. We, the Party, control all records, and we
control all memories. Then we control the past, do we not?
ORWELL. G. Nineteen Eighty-Four. New York. Classics, 1977.
GABARITO: D
Coment‡rios:
A poetisa Kamala Dias, como muitos escritores indianos, escreve, suas
obras em Ingl•s, apesar de essa n‹o ser a sua primeira lingua. Nesses
versos, ela
All mine, mine alone, it is half English, half Indian, funny perhaps, but it is
honest.
Toda minha, s— minha, Ž meio ingl•s, meio hindu, engra•ada, talvez, mas
Ž honesta.
GABARITO: D
Quest‹o 04
TEXTO I
TEXTO II
I didnÕt have a problem with Khan Academy site until very recently. For
me, the problem is the way Khan Academy is being promoted. The way
the media sees it as Òrevolutionizing educationÓ. The way people with
power and money view education is Òsit-and-getÓ.i.e., teaching is telling
and learning is listening, then Klan Academy is way more efficient than
classroom lecturing. Klan Academy does it better. But TRUE progressive
educators, TRUE education visionaries and revolutionaries donÕt want to
do these things better. We want to DO BETTER THINGS.
Dispon’vel em: https: wordpress.com
Coment‡rios:
Com o impacto das tecnologias e a amplia•‹o das redes sociais,
consumidores encontram na internet possibilidades de opinar sobre
servi•os oferecidos. Nesse sentido, o segundo texto, que Ž um coment‡rio
sobre o site divulgado no primeiro, apresenta a inten•‹o do autor de
Pelo contr‡rio, o autor n‹o faz um elogio, mas sim uma cr’tica. Errada.
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Aula 00
Ele n‹o fala da m’dia em termos sobre o que ela pode contribuir para uma
revolu•‹o na educa•‹o. Ele menciona a m’dia para expressar que ele n‹o
concorda com o modo como ela trabalha nesse aspecto. Errada.
No final da sua fala o autor menciona que a Klan Academy Ž muito mais
eficiente do que as aulas tradicionais em sala de aula. Ele n‹o especifica
os resultados e essa n‹o Ž a inten•‹o do autor.
The way people with power and money view education is Òsit-and-
getÓ.i.e., teaching is telling and learning is listening, then Klan Academy is
way more efficient than classroom lecturing.
A forma como as pessoas com poder e dinheiro v•em a educa•‹o Ž
Òsente-se-e-aprendaÓ, isto Ž, ensinar Ž falar e aprender Ž ouvir, ent‹o a
Klan Academy Ž muito mais eficiente do que as aulas tradicionais em sala
de aula.
GABARITO: E
Translation
TEXTO I
TEXTO II
I didnÕt have a problem with Khan Academy site until very recently. For
me, the problem is the way Khan Academy is being promoted. The way
the media sees it as Òrevolutionizing educationÓ. The way people with
Quest‹o 05
ÒWhen I was 5 everyone told me to be a big boy. When I was 10 they told
me I should be more mature. Now they say itÕs time to start acting like an
adult. At this rate, IÕll be eligible for social security before I graduate from
High School.Ó
GLASBERGEN, R. Dispon’vel: www.glasbergen.com
A se aposente prematuramente
B amadure•a precocemente
C estude aplicadamente
D se forme rapidamente
E ou•a atentamente
Coment‡rios:
No cartum, a cr’tica est‡ no fato de a sociedade exigir do adolescente que
A se aposente prematuramente
B amadure•a precocemente
C estude aplicadamente
O personagem menciona que est‡ no ensino mŽdio, mas isso n‹o quer
dizer que as pessoas o pressionam a se formar rapidamente. Errada.
E ou•a atentamente
dizem desde que era crian•a, tanto Ž que lembra e conta ao seu amigo.
Errada.
GABARITO: B
ÒWhen I was 5 everyone told me to be a big boy. When I was 10 they told
me I should be more mature. Now they say itÕs time to start acting like an
adult. At this rate, IÕll be eligible for social security before I graduate from
High School.Ó
GLASBERGEN, R. Dispon’vel: www.glasbergen.com
Quest‹o 06
Milan is crowded with Italian icons, which makes it even more of a cultural
earthquake that one of ItalyÕs leading universities Ñ the Politecnico di
Milano Ñ is going to switch to the English language. The university has
announced that from 2014 most of its degree courses Ñ including all its
graduate courses Ñ will be taught and assessed entirely in English rather
than Italian.
The waters of globalisation are rising around higher education Ñ and the
university believes that if it remains Italian-speaking it risks isolation and
will be unable to compete as an international institution. ÒWe strongly
believe our classes should be international classes Ñ and the only way to
have international classes is to use the English languageÓ, says the
UniversityÕs rector, Giovanni Azonne.
COUGHLAN, S. Dispon’vel em www.bbc.co.uk
Coment‡rios:
As l’nguas t•m um papel importante na comunica•‹o entre pessoas de
diferentes culturas. Diante do movimento de internacionaliza•‹o no
ensino superior, a universidade PolitŽcnico de Milano decidiu
The waters of globalisation are rising around higher education Ñ and the
university believes that if it remains Italian-speaking it risks isolation and
will be unable to compete as an international institution.
As ‡guas da globaliza•‹o est‹o aumentando em torno do ensino superior
- e a universidade acredita que, se continuar adotando a L’ngua italiana,
arrisca-se a isolar-se e n‹o poder‡ competir como uma institui•‹o
internacional.
GABARITO: D
Translation
Milan is crowded with Italian icons, which makes it even more of a cultural
earthquake that one of ItalyÕs leading universities Ñ the Politecnico di
Milano Ñ is going to switch to the English language.
The university has announced that from 2014 most of its degree courses
Ñ including all its graduate courses Ñ will be taught and assessed
entirely in English rather than Italian.
The waters of globalisation are rising around higher education Ñ and the
university believes that if it remains Italian-speaking it risks isolation and
will be unable to compete as an international institution. ÒWe strongly
believe our classes should be international classes Ñ and the only way to
have international classes is to use the English languageÓ, says the
UniversityÕs rector, Giovanni Azonne.
COUGHLAN, S. Dispon’vel em www.bbc.co.uk
ENEM Ð 2015
Quest‹o 07
Horse or cow
Prior to taking retirement and selling off his land, a farmer needed
to get rid of all the animals he owned, so he decided to call on every
house in his village. At houses where the man was the boss, he gave a
horse; at houses where the woman was the boss, he gave a dairy cow.
Coment‡rios:
O texto relata o caso de um fazendeiro prestes a se aposentar e vender
sua fazenda. O aspecto c™mico desse texto provem da
Em nenhum momento o texto relata qual era a opini‹o dos vizinhos sobre
a forma do fazendeiro se livrar dos animais. Op•‹o errada.
Eles n‹o estavam indecisos, cada um deles sabia qual era sua escolha.
Op•‹o errada.
GABARITO: C
Translation
Horse or cow
Cavalo ou vaca
Prior to taking retirement and selling off his land, a farmer needed to get
rid of all the animals he owned, so he decided to call on every house in
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Aula 00
his village. At houses where the man was the boss, he gave a horse; at
houses where the woman was the boss, he gave a dairy cow.
Quest‹o 08
First Footing
Coment‡rios:
First-footing has faded in recent years, particularly with the growth of the
major street celebrations in Edinburgh and Glasgow.
Observe no segmento do texto acima que est‡ bem claro que um aspecto
da cultura escocesa, que era o Òprimeiro a chegarÓ foi substitu’do por
festas de rua. Essa Ž a op•‹o correta.
GABARITO: B
Translation
First Footing
O Primeiro a Chegar
tinha passado o dia anterior limpando sua casa (um outro ritual do
Hogmanay). Mulheres ou cabelos ruivos, no entanto, que eram os
Òprimeiros a chegarÓ foram sempre consideradas como m‡ sorte.
First foots brought symbolic gifts to ÒhandselÓ the house: coal for the fire,
to ensure that the house would be warm and safe, and shortbread or
black bun (a type of fruit cake) to symbolise that the household would
never go hungry that year.
First-footing has faded in recent years, particularly with the growth of the
major street celebrations in Edinburgh and Glasgow, although not the
Scots love of a good party, of which there are plenty on the night!
Dispon’vel em: www.visitscotland.com. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2011.
Quest‹o 09
Coment‡rios:
Nesse artigo de jornal, Buenos Aires Ž apresentada como a capital
argentina, que
Even with the uncertain economy, the creative energy and enterprising
spirit of Porte–os, as residents are called, prevail just look to the growing
ranks of art spaces, boutiques, restaurants and hotels.
O texto deixa bem claro que Buenos Aires tem passado por crises
econ™micas. Portanto, n‹o podemos classific‡-la como est‡vel. Errada.
This attractive city continues to draw food lovers, design buffs and
party people with its riotous night life, fashion-forward styling and a
favorable exchange rate.
Pelo contr‡rio, o texto diz que Buenos Aires continua a atrair apreciadores
da gastronomia. Op•‹o errada.
GABARITO: B
Translation
Quest‹o 10
Coment‡rios:
10.0 % Land use and biomass burning = 10.0% Uso da terra e queima de
biomassa (queimadas)
14.0 % Transportation fuels = 14.0% combust’veis de transporte
GABARITO: E
Translation
Quest‹o 11
A desigualdade social.
B escassez de planta•›es.
C reeduca•‹o alimentar.
D desperd’cio de comida.
E custo dos alimentos.
Coment‡rios:
Uma campanha pode ter por objetivo conscientizar a popula•‹o sobre
determinada quest‹o social. Na campanha realizada no Reino Unido, a
frase ÒA third of the food we buy in the UK ends up being thrown awayÓ
foi utilizada para enfatizar o (a)
A desigualdade social.
B escassez de planta•›es.
A mensagem que o anœncio quer passar nada tem a ver com escassez de
planta•›es. O alimento existe, o problema Ž que n‹o Ž totalmente
consumido. Op•‹o errada.
C reeduca•‹o alimentar.
O anœncio n‹o quer dizer que o alimento vai para o lixo por que as
pessoas est‹o fazendo uma reeduca•‹o alimentar. Op•‹o errada.
D desperd’cio de comida.
GABARITO: D
Quest‹o 12
During the inspection, your bag and its contents may have been searched
for prohibited items. At the completion of the inspection, the contents
were returned to your bag.
If the TSA security officer was unable to open your bag for inspection
because it was locked, the officer may have been forced to break the
locks on your bag. TSA sincerely regrets having to do this, however TSA
is not liable for damage to your locks resulting from this necessary
security precaution.
For packing tips and suggestions on how to secure your baggage during
your next trip, please visit:
www.tsa.gov
Coment‡rios:
As institui•›es pœblicas fazem uso de avisos como instrumento de
comunica•‹o com o cidad‹o. Esse aviso, voltado a passageiros, tem o
objetivo de
GABARITO: C
Translation
During the inspection, your bag and its contents may have been searched
for prohibited items. At the completion of the inspection, the contents
were returned to your bag.
If the TSA security officer was unable to open your bag for inspection
because it was locked, the officer may have been forced to break the
locks on your bag.
TSA sincerely regrets having to do this, however TSA is not liable for
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Aula 00
A TSA sinceramente lamenta ter que fazer isso, no entanto a TSA n‹o se
responsabiliza por danos a seus cadeados resultantes desta medida de
seguran•a necess‡ria. Para obter dicas e sugest›es sobre como proteger
a sua bagagem durante a sua pr—xima viagem, por favor visite:
www.tsa.gov
Quest‹o 13
Coment‡rios:
Produ•›es art’stico-culturais revelam vis›es de mundo pr—prias de um
grupo social. Esse poema demonstra a estreita rela•‹o entre a tradi•‹o
oral da cultura ind’gena norte-americana e a
Embora o poema mencione no final que os idosos s‹o s‡bios, n‹o Ž dito
que eles dependem dos seus ancestrais. AlŽm disso, essa n‹o Ž a
mensagem principal ou o tema do poema. Op•‹o errada.
GABARITO: D
Translation
sabedoria.
Quest‹o 14
Coment‡rios:
Na tira da sŽrie For better or for worse (Para o que der e vier), a
comunica•‹o entre as personagens fica comprometida em um
determinado momento porque
GABARITO: E
Translation
D -Come on, Anne! The kids are in school, the airÕs cool, the leaves are
turning...
D - Anime-se, Anne! As crian•as est‹o em aula, o ar est‡ refrescante, as
folhas est‹o mudando de cor...
Quest‹o 15
A autora come•a o texto com uma pergunta que come•a com o conectivo
Why (Por que para perguntas) e Ž respondida come•ando acom a palavra
Because (por que para respostas). Durante todo o texto ela usa v‡rias
vezes Because (por que) para explicar as raz›es pelas quais ela escreve.
Essa Ž a op•‹o correta.
By writing I put order in the world, give it a handle so I can grasp it.
Ao escrever ponho ordem no mundo, dou-lhe uma al•a para que possa
segur‡-lo.
GABARITO: A
Translation
Because the world I create in the writing compensates for what the real
world does not give me. By writing I put order in the world, give it a
handle so I can grasp it.
ANZALDòA. G. E. Speaking in tongues: a letter to third world women
writers.
In: HERNANDEZ. J. B. (Ed.). Women writing resistance: essays on Latin
America and the Caribbean. Boston: South End, 2003.
Porque o mundo que crio na escrita compensa o que o mundo real n‹o
me d‡. Ao escrever ponho ordem no mundo, dou-lhe uma al•a para que
possa segur‡-lo.
Quest‹o 16
images, 50% of subjects recalled some part of that hot-air balloon ride Ð
though the event was entirely made up.
EVELETH. R. Dispon’vel em: www.bbc.com. Acesso em: 10 jan. 2013
(adaptado).
a) altera•‹o de imagens.
b) exposi•‹o ao mundo virtual.
c) acesso a novas informa•›es.
d) fascinio por softwares inovadores.
e) interfer•ncia dos meios de comunica•‹o.
Coment‡rios:
A reportagem apresenta consequ•ncias do uso de novas tecnologias para
a mente humana. Nesse contexto, a mem—ria das pessoas Ž influenciada
pelo(a)
a) altera•‹o de imagens.
These fake memories donÕt just distort how we see our past, they affect
our current and future behaviour too Ð from what we eat, to how we
protest and vote. The problem is thereÕs virtually nothing we can do to
stop it.
Estas mem—rias falsas n‹o apenas distorcem a forma como vemos o
nosso passado, elas afetam o nosso comportamento atual e futuro
tambŽm Ð desde aquilo que comemos atŽ a forma como protestamos e
votamos. O problema Ž que n‹o h‡ praticamente nada que possamos
fazer para parar com isso.
GABARITO: A
Translation
For decades, researchers have been exploring just how unreliable our own
memories are. Not only is memory fickle when we access it, but itÕs also
quite easily subverted and rewritten. Combine this susceptibility with
modern image-editing software at our fingertips like Photoshop, and itÕs a
recipe for disaster.
In a world where we can witness news and world events as they unfold,
fake images surround us, and our minds accept these pictures as real,
and remember them later. These fake memories donÕt just distort how we
see our past, they affect our current and future behaviour too Ð from
what we eat, to how we protest and vote. The problem is thereÕs virtually
nothing we can do to stop it.
7 Ð Resumo da Aula
Vocabul‡rio Tradu•‹o
autumn Outono
behavior comportamento
buy comprar
childhood inf‰ncia
earth terra
enterprising empreendedor
fake falso
farmer fazendeiro, agricultor
Vocabul‡rio Sin™nimos
autumn fall
behavior conduct
buy purchase
childhood early youth
earth planet
enterprising venturesome
fake false
farmer rancher
fear fright
fellow colleague
food nourishment
get rid of remove
greenhouse glasshouse
growth progress
hate dislike
homeless unhoused
law constitution
mind memory
packing boxing
prevail overcome
profit gain
rate pace
retirement stopping work
retrieval recovery
reward prize
season period
source origin
switch change
thrown away cast
tongue language
unable incapable
ENEM Ð 2018:
Quest‹o 01
Quest‹o 02
1984 (excerpt)
ÒIs it your opinion, Winston, that the past has real existence? (É) OÕBrien
smiled fainting. It will put it more precisely. Does the past exist
concretely, in space? Is there somewhere or other a place, a world of
solid objects, where the past is still happening?Ó
ÒNo.Ó
ÒThen where does the past exist, if at all? Ò
ÒIn records. It is written downÓ.
ÔIn records. And Ñ Ñ?Õ
ÒIn the mind. In human memories.Ó
ÒIn memory. Very well, then. We, the Party, control all records, and we
control all memories. Then we control the past, do we not?
ORWELL. G. Nineteen Eighty-Four. New York. Classics, 1977.
O romance 1984 descreve os perigos de um Estado totalit‡rio. A ideia
evidenciada nessa passage Ž que o controle de Estado se d‡ por meio do
(a)
Quest‹o 03
Quest‹o 04
TEXTO I
TEXTO II
I didnÕt have a problem with Khan Academy site until very recently. For
me, the problem is the way Khan Academy is being promoted. The way
the media sees it as Òrevolutionizing educationÓ. The way people with
power and money view education is Òsit-and-getÓ.i.e., teaching is telling
and learning is listening, then Klan Academy is way more efficient than
classroom lecturing. Klan Academy does it better. But TRUE progressive
educators, TRUE education visionaries and revolutionaries donÕt want to
do these things better. We want to DO BETTER THINGS.
Dispon’vel em: https: wordpress.com
Quest‹o 05
ÒWhen I was 5 everyone told me to be a big boy. When I was 10 they told
me I should be more mature. Now they say itÕs time to start acting like an
adult. At this rate, IÕll be eligible for social security before I graduate from
High School.Ó
GLASBERGEN, R. Dispon’vel: www.glasbergen.com
A se aposente prematuramente
B amadure•a precocemente
C estude aplicadamente
D se forme rapidamente
E ou•a atentamente
ENEM Ð 2016:
Quest‹o 06
Milan is crowded with Italian icons, which makes it even more of a cultural
earthquake that one of ItalyÕs leading universities Ñ the Politecnico di
Milano Ñ is going to switch to the English language. The university has
announced that from 2014 most of its degree courses Ñ including all its
graduate courses Ñ will be taught and assessed entirely in English rather
than Italian.
The waters of globalisation are rising around higher education Ñ and the
university believes that if it remains Italian-speaking it risks isolation and
will be unable to compete as an international institution. ÒWe strongly
believe our classes should be international classes Ñ and the only way to
have international classes is to use the English languageÓ, says the
UniversityÕs rector, Giovanni Azonne.
COUGHLAN, S. Dispon’vel em www.bbc.co.uk
ENEM Ð 2015:
Quest‹o 07
Horse or cow
Prior to taking retirement and selling off his land, a farmer needed
to get rid of all the animals he owned, so he decided to call on every
house in his village. At houses where the man was the boss, he gave a
horse; at houses where the woman was the boss, he gave a dairy cow.
Approaching one cottage, he saw a couple gardening and called out,
ÔWhoÕs the boss around here?Õ
ÔI am,Õ said the man.
The farmer said: ÔI have a black horse and a brown horse. Which
one would you like?Õ
The man thought for a minute and said, ÔThe black one.Õ
ÔNo, no, get the brown one,Õ said his wife.
The farmer said, ÔHereÕs your cow.Õ
TIBBALLS, G. The book of senior jokes. Great Britain: Michael OÕMara,
2009 (adaptado).
Quest‹o 08
First Footing
Quest‹o 09
Quest‹o 10
Quest‹o 11
A desigualdade social.
B escassez de planta•›es.
C reeduca•‹o alimentar.
D desperd’cio de comida.
E custo dos alimentos.
Quest‹o 12
During the inspection, your bag and its contents may have been searched
for prohibited items. At the completion of the inspection, the contents
were returned to your bag.
If the TSA security officer was unable to open your bag for inspection
because it was locked, the officer may have been forced to break the
locks on your bag. TSA sincerely regrets having to do this, however TSA
is not liable for damage to your locks resulting from this necessary
security precaution.
For packing tips and suggestions on how to secure your baggage during
your next trip, please visit:
www.tsa.gov
Quest‹o 13
Quest‹o 14
Quest‹o 15
Quest‹o 16
itÕs also quite easily subverted and rewritten. Combine this susceptibility
with modern image-editing software at our fingertips like Photoshop, and
itÕs a recipe for disaster. In a world where we can witness news and world
events as they unfold, fake images surround us, and our minds accept
these pictures as real, and remember them later. These fake memories
donÕt just distort how we see our past, they affect our current and future
behaviour too Ð from what we eat, to how we protest and vote. The
problem is thereÕs virtually nothing we can do to stop it.
Old memories seem to be the easiest to manipulate. In one study,
subjects were showed images from their childhood. Along with real
images, researchers snuck in manipulated photographs of the subject
taking a hot-air balloon ride with his or her family. After seeing those
images, 50% of subjects recalled some part of that hot-air balloon ride Ð
though the event was entirely made up.
EVELETH. R.
Dispon’vel em: www.bbc.com. Acesso em: 10 jan. 2013 (adaptado).
a) altera•‹o de imagens.
b) exposi•‹o ao mundo virtual.
c) acesso a novas informa•›es.
d) fasc’nio por softwares inovadores.
e) interfer•ncia dos meios de comunica•‹o.
10 Ð Gabaritos