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EXAME DE PROFICINCIA EM LEITURA EM LNGUA INGLESA
Passo Fundo, 14 de maio de 2014.

Nome completo:_____________________________________________
Instituio de vnculo: ________________________________________
Nmero da matrcula (para alunos da UPF) :_______________________
PPG (curso): _______________________________________________

Este exame tem como objetivo principal comprovar sua proficincia em

leitura e compreenso de textos em lngua inglesa, para tanto:

Leia, atentamente, os textos e as questes que a eles se referem.

Evite traduzir o texto todo, mas, apenas, o vocabulrio necessrio

para compreend-lo.

Responda as questes com base nas informaes de cada texto.

Use o dicionrio impresso, se desejar.

Para realizar este exame:

use caneta azul ou preta;

confira o nmero de questes;

rubrique todas as folhas da prova;

no permitido o uso de dicionrios eletrnicos ou qualquer outro

equipamento eletrnico;

no permitido emprestar dicionrios.

A durao da prova de 3 (trs) horas.

Texto 1

A role for developing nations in internet governance?

24/04/14 - Clio Yano

01

[SAO PAULO] Im spending the latter part of this week at the NETmundial conference here in Brazil. Its a
meeting of global stakeholders discussing the future of internet governance. Over two days (23-24 April) 800
people from 91 countries will participate in high-level debates. Delegates expect to hear proposed changes to
the way the internet is managed with less developed nations possibly taking on larger roles.

05

Although not controlled by one institution, the internet depends on technical standards of protocol and structure
to work. The management of these standards is currently conducted by several organisations, including the
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Among other things, its responsible for the
distribution of the IP addresses that label computers or other devices accessing the internet and ensuring that
each web address remains exclusive by managing the Domain Name System (DNS).

10

Despite being a non-profit organisation in which several stakeholders and representatives from other countries
participate, ICANN is subordinate to United States Department of Commerce. Some people think this means
the US government has a disproportionate level of power over the internet.
Brazil has been at the forefront of a campaign for less centralised control since the former CIA (Central
Intelligence Agency) employee Edward Snowden revealed that the US National Security Agency had spied on

15

the communications of Brazils president Dilma Rousseff and some Brazilian companies. In September, in a
speech to the UN General Assembly, Rousseff criticised the US surveillance and proposed a civilian
multilateral framework for the governance and use of the internet, capable of ensuring such principles as
freedom of expression, privacy of the individual and respect for human rights, as well as the construction of
inclusive and non-discriminatory societies.

20

In the following month, the president of ICANN, Fadi Chehad, went to Brazil to visit Rousseff. He praised the
participative model of the local internet governance, established by the Brazilian Internet Steering Committee,
the body that creates standards, policies and procedures for the internet in Brazil and coordinates web address
registrations in the .br domain. Representatives of civil society, the private sector and universities have 12 of
the 21 seats on the committee, so the government does not have the majority of the vote and negotiations

25

among the various stakeholders is always involved.

The Brazilian Senate has just approved the Internet Bill of Rights, which regulates all aspects of internet use in
the country, especially in regard to neutrality, privacy, retention of data and the commitments that the network
will have to fulfil to guarantee freedom of expression. The final version of the legislation was sanctioned by
Rousseff at the conference opening ceremony yesterday.

30

The US Department of Commerce announced last March that it will give up its control of ICANN in 2015. Its
not clear what the organisation that will take over will look like, and whether developing countries will play a
role. [] So it will be interesting to see what sort of role is proposed for these nations in the coming days.
Retrieved and adapted from http://www.scidev.net/global/icts/scidev-net-at-large/a-role-for-developing-nations-in-internet-governance.html#

AS QUESTES 1 A 7 REFEREM-SE AO TEXTO 1.

1. Qual o objetivo do evento que est sendo noticiado no texto?

2. O que as naes menos desenvolvidas esperam desse evento?

3. Hoje, como funciona a internet em todo o mundo?

4. Como os participantes percebem a relao entre os Estados Unidos e a atual administrao da

internet?

5. Como funciona o modelo de administrao da internet no Brasil?

6. Qual o papel do Brasil na campanha descrita no texto e qual foi a manifestao da presidente Dilma
Rouseff?

7. A que se referem os nmeros do texto:

a) 91 (linha 3) b) 12 (linha 23) c) 2015 (linha 30) d) 800 (linha 2) -

TEXTO 2
Published on Science
Careers (http://sciencecareers.sciencemag.org)
Home >

Building Up Brazilian Brain Research

January 13, 2012

Susan Gaidos
1

Miguel Nicolelis was educated in his native Brazil, came to the United States for his postdoc, and stayed on
as a faculty member at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. After making a splash at Duke, he
returned to Brazil -- maintaining his Duke appointment -- determined to use science as an agent of social
transformation. []
Science in Northeastern Brazil

10

When in 2003 Lula, the newly elected Brazilian president, announced his intention to double Brazil's
research spending, Nicolelis decided to build a state-of-the-art research facility in Brazil. While still
working at Duke, he contacted the new government in Brazil to help line up support and began raising
money from private sources, including a number of expatriate Brazilians. He later applied for, and received,
funding from the Brazilian government.
In seeking a site for his new institute, he focused on Brazils northeastern corner, one of the countrys least
developed regions and home to one of the largest concentrations of rural poverty in Latin America. Many
local people lack access to educational and health facilities. Nicolelis settled on a hilly site on the outskirts
of Natal, the state capital of Rio Grande do Norte.

15

He opened the International Institute of Neuroscience of Natal (IINN) in 2005, with two rented buildings.
Since then, three new buildings have been built. [] The new headquarters of the IINN will house more
than 40 labs where scientists will work to develop a whole-body exoskeleton for patients suffering from
paraplegia or quadriplegia, controlled by their brains' electrical activity. [] Nicolelis and other scientists
at the institute planned to pursue new lines of research, including neuroeducation.

20

Today, the womens clinic serves 12,000 women annually and plans to double that number within a few
years. Two extracurricular science programs have been developed in the region, serving 1500 children. The
retention rate for students in the science program is near 95%, far above Brazil's high school retention rate,
which hovers around 50%. Were seeing for the first time that kids from this district are capable of passing
the rigorous entrance exam and are being admitted into the public universities, Nicolelis says. Next year,
another school will open in northeastern Brazil under the direction of IINN, providing educational
opportunities to another 5000 kids.

25

Up and running

30

There has been progress on the scientific front as well. Since 2005, the institute has employed a dozen fulltime researchers to carry out basic neuroscience studies in rats and primates. Research is now moving into
the translational realm, as testing begins on a potential therapy for Parkinsons disease. The institute is also
working on a robotic exoskeleton that could be worn like a suit so that people who lose control of all their
limbs might become mobile again.
A new research building was scheduled for completion in 2012. Nicolelis planned to establish a graduate
program that will bring more than 70 neuroscientists to Brazil to teach courses and collaborate on research.

35

Eventually, he wanted to build an industrial research park focused on brain-related healthcare.

Not everything has gone smoothly. Last summer, 10 scientists who had been contracted by the neuroscience
institute quit, citing delays in getting equipment and supplies. The scientists, who all had ties with a nearby
university, returned to their academic posts. []

40

Nicolelis attributes those departures to frustration with the slow pace of progress. Since the beginning we
have made it clear that our institute and our foundation works to follow every single regulation of the
country, no matter how difficult it is," Nicolelis says. In this case, they didnt have enough patience for
that. Meanwhile, he's working to make those regulations policies more flexible. Last year, he was
appointed to head a commission called Commission of the Future, which is charged with finding ways to
reform Brazil's scientific system. []
Retrieved and adapted from
http://sciencecareers.sciencemag.org/career_magazine/previous_issues/articles/2012_01_13/caredit.a1200007

AS QUESTES 8 A 15 REFEREM-SE AO TEXTO 2.

8. Qual o desejo de Nicolelis com relao a sua volta ao Brasil e o que especificamente ele queria
construir?

9. Como Nicolelis obteve o dinheiro para iniciar o seu projeto?

10. Qual foi o local escolhido para o centro e como esse estado caracterizado no texto?

11. Qual o tipo de atendimento realizado pelo IINN com relao sade e educao?

12. Como tem sido a evoluo do IINN desde 2005, em termos de pessoal, infraestrutura, atendimentos e
pesquisas cientficas?

13. Quais eram os planos de Nicolelis para 2012?

14. Quais foram os problemas enfrentados no vero de 2011?

15. Quais as razes apontadas por Nicolelis para os problemas surgidos?