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5 - Fraseologia 13
6 – Figuras de Linguagem 17
1 – Expressões Idiomáticas
O idioma Inglês é uma das línguas mais vastas e mais vivas do mundo.
Ela é composta de mais de 1,5 milhões de palavras. Além disso, a mesma
palavra pode ter vários significados diferentes dependendo do contexto em
que é colocado, duas (ou mais) palavras podem ter exatamente a mesma
grafia, mas são pronunciadas de forma diferente, dependendo de seus
significados.
Bite the dust = ser derrotado, ser vencido, cair morto ou ferido, bater
as botas, chegar ao fim, falhar.
Of course, we can't let the Democrats completely off the hook. They
weren't fighting that hard in 2002 when they voted for the Iraq War
Resolution. Now the Democratic Party has more spine and more leverage
although we still criticize them anyway because, well, that's what we need
to do in order for the Democratic Party to continue being the party of FDR,
Harry Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson and Bill Clinton.
http://www.dailykos.com/story/2013/01/06/1176719/-The-Economist-
The-fiscal-cliff-deal-America-s-European-moment#
South Korea’s president, Roh Moo-hyun, can finally launch his country's
experiment with left-leaning government, now that the Constitutional Court
has overturned his impeachment.
Fonte: (The Economist)
Quinze meses depois de ser preso por falsas acusações de traição, Roy
Bennett, um fazendeiro branco desapossado e assessor próximo de Morgan
Tsvangirai, o primeiro ministro da sitiada Zimbábue , foi absolvido por um
juiz da Suprema Corte, em Harare, a capital. Ele foi acusado de conspirar
para derrubar o presidente do país, Robert Mugabe. Se condenado, ele
poderia ter enfrentado a pena de morte.
Yet this by no means signals that Microsoft is off the hook. Charles James,
the new head of the DOJ's antitrust division, and the 18 state attorneys
general who are also involved, now have their hands free to pursue
restrictions on Microsoft's behaviour, known as “conduct remedies”. They
also have a blueprint from which to work: the list of interim provisions that
Thomas Penfield Jackson, Judge Kollar-Kotelly's predecessor, had ordered
last June pending a break-up.
2 - Sinônimos
3 - Antônimos
Muitas vezes os antônimos das palavras são formados apenas com a adição
de um prefixo, observe os exemplos abaixo:
Com o prefixo IM
Sem Prefixo Tradução Com Prefixo Tradução
balanced equilibrado imbalanced desequilibrado
patient paciente impatiente impaciente
peccable suscetível ao impeccable impecável
pecado
perceptible perceptível imperceptible imperceptível
polite educado impolite mal educado
possible possível impossible impossível
Dica: Sempre que você observar uma palavra com algum desses
prefixos no enunciado da questão ou alternativa e a mesma palavra
sem o prefixo no texto, ou vice-versa, fique atento pois geralmente
trata-se de palavras antônimas (significados opostos).
4 – Estrangeirismo
5 – Fraseologia
Japan Post
FIT TO BE TIED:
There is the most hilarious six-minute video. We're not gonna play the
whole thing for you, but a bunch of employees of the New York Times are
just fit to be tied that that Little Pinch wants to change their pension plan
on 'em. The New York Times right now has a "defined benefit plan" which
basically is what General Motors used to have and what a lot of big
companies used to have until they found out they couldn't afford it. What
happened was that in negotiating union contracts, they allowed early
retirement in some of these places 'cause the jobs were so mundane and
boring.
Lá está o mais hilariante vídeo de seis minutos. Nós não vamos contar a
coisa toda para você, mas um grupo de funcionários do New York Times
está apenas apto a ser ligado que essa pitada quer mudar o seu plano de
pensão neles. The New York Times agora tem um "plano de benefício
definido", que basicamente é o que a General Motors costumava ter e que
muitas grandes empresas costumavam ter até que eles descobriram que
não podiam pagar. O que aconteceu foi que na negociação de contratos
sindicais, que permitiu a reforma antecipada em alguns desses lugares
porque as tarefas eram tão mundana e chata.
Across the board, the economists find that industries that adopted IT at
faster rates (as measured by their IT spending, as well as their spending
on research and development) also saw the fastest growth in demand for
the most educated workers, and the sharpest declines in demand for people
with intermediate levels of education. (The Economist)
In China the numbers in senior positions are rising across the board, and
in India women are getting top jobs in the crucial IT industry. (The
Economist)
Gov. Chris Christie vowed on Tuesday to press ahead with what he called
“the New Jersey comeback,” proposing a 10 percent, across-the-board
cut in income taxes and a host of changes to the state’s schools and criminal
justice system. (The New York Times)
Gov. Chris Christie, prometeu nesta terça-feira ir avante com o que ele
chamou de "o retorno de Nova Jersey", propondo uma taxa de 10 por cento,
de forma generalizada de corte no imposto de renda e uma série de
mudanças para as escolas do estado e sistema de justiça criminal .
6 – Figuras de Linguagem
5. 1. Metáfora (Metaphor)
Time is a thief.
O tempo é um ladrão.
O tempo não é nada, a metáfora indica que o tempo passa rápido e leva
com ele nossas vidas.
It is raining men.
Está chovendo homens.
Não é que literalmente esteja chovendo homem. A metáfora quer dizer que
existe uma abundância de seres do sexo masculino naquele momento.
The penguin has feathers like a bird, it swims like a fish, and it walks on
land like a beast.
O pinguim tem penas como uma ave, nada como um peixe e anda em
terra como qualquer outro animal terrestre.
Humane Development
Eyebrows were raised when Amartya Sen won the Nobel Prize in Economics
in 1998. Sen had frequently been mentioned as a candidate, but it had
been predicted that in an era when laissez-faire market economics were
all the rage Sen’s insistence on looking beyond GNP figures – his penchant
for emphasizing the social in the social science of economics – meant that
he would never win the prize.
Well, I think maybe because the previous view was mostly mistaken. There
was a tension in it. The market economy succeeds not because some
people’s interests are suppressed and other people are kept out of the
market, but because people gain individual advantage from it. So, I don’t
really see that the proponents of the harsh model got the general idea at
all right. They had some dreadful slogans like, “You have to break some
eggs to make an omelet.” It’s a totally misleading analogy – a pretty costly
one aesthetically, and also it’s quite mistaken in terms of understanding
the nature of man. So, I think the change came about because it was
overdue.
(Disponível em: <http://tiny.cc/theatlantic> Acesso em: 19 nov. 2009)
Comentários:
1.De acordo com o texto, Amartya Sen
Pelo contrário, segundo o texto, ele não acha que o desenvolvimento seja
mais suave. Errada.
O texto diz que ele realmente não vê que os proponentes do modelo rígido
tiveram a idéia geral certa em tudo. Errada.
Eyebrows were raised when Amartya Sen won the Nobel Prize in Economics
in 1998. Sen had frequently been mentioned as a candidate, but it had
been predicted that in an era when laissez-faire market economics were all
the rage Sen’s insistence on looking beyond GNP figures – his penchant for
emphasizing the social in the social science of economics – meant that he
would never win the prize.
GABARITO: E
2.No texto, a expressão “blood, sweat and tears” (linha 12) é usada para
referir-se
2.No texto, a expressão “blood, sweat and tears” (sangue, suor e lágrimas)
(linha 12) é usada para referir-se
I don’t think development is softer – that implies it’s not sufficiently exacting
– but certainly there was a sense for a while that development was a very
hard process, and that people had to sacrifice. There was a lot of blood,
sweat, and tears involved.
Não acho que o desenvolvimento é mais suave – isso implica que não é
suficientemente exigente - mas certamente havia um consenso por um
tempo que o desenvolvimento era um processo muito difícil, e que as
pessoas tinham que se sacrificar. Havia muito sangue, suor e lágrimas
envolvidos.
Observe o contexto anterior. Ele fala que as pessoas tinham que se sacrificar
por que o desenvolvimento era um processo muito difícil, isso é custo social
do desenvolvimento. É a ele que a expressão “sangue, suor e lágrimas” se
refere. Essa é a correta.
GABARITO: B
Embora Amartya Sen tenha dito que os críticos estão enganados, esse não
é o motivo citado por ele pelo qual a economia de mercado prospera.
Errada.
Embora o autor tenha citado isso no texto, essa não é a razão apontada
por ele pela qual a economia prospera. Errada.
The market economy succeeds not because some people’s interests are
suppressed and other people are kept out of the market, but because people
gain individual advantage from it.
GABARITO: E
4.No texto, a expressão “You have to break some eggs to make an omelet”
(Você tem que quebrar ovos para fazer um omelet) (linha 18-19) é citada
para
Não tem sentido dizer que o entrevistado, Amartya Sen, estava criticando
seu próprio modelo. Opção errada.
c) exemplificar um slogan.
They had some dreadful slogans like, “You have to break some eggs to
make an omelet.”
Eles tinham alguns slogans terríveis como, "Você tem que quebrar alguns
ovos para fazer uma omelete."
Nada a ver. Não é por que se fala em ovos que se fala de uma receita. Ele
usa o omelete como uma ilustração ou comparação. Errada.
GABARITO: C
Translation
Eyebrows were raised when Amartya Sen won the Nobel Prize in Economics
in 1998. Sen had frequently been mentioned as a candidate, but it had
been predicted that in an era when laissez-faire market economics were all
the rage Sen’s insistence on looking beyond GNP figures – his penchant for
emphasizing the social in the social science of economics – meant that he
would never win the prize.
I don’t think development is softer – that implies it’s not sufficiently exacting
– but certainly there was a sense for a while that development was a very
hard process, and that people had to sacrifice. There was a lot of blood,
sweat, and tears involved.
[...]
Não acho que o desenvolvimento é mais suave – isso implica que não é
suficientemente exigente - mas certamente havia um consenso por um
tempo que o desenvolvimento era um processo muito difícil, e que as
pessoas tinham que se sacrificar. Havia muito sangue, suor e lágrimas
envolvidos.
Well, I think maybe because the previous view was mostly mistaken. There
was a tension in it. The market economy succeeds not because some
So, I don’t really see that the proponents of the harsh model got the general
idea at all right. They had some dreadful slogans like, “You have to break
some eggs to make an omelet.” It’s a totally misleading analogy – a pretty
costly one aesthetically, and also it’s quite mistaken in terms of
understanding the nature of man. So, I think the change came about
because it was overdue.
(Disponível em: <http://tiny.cc/theatlantic> Acesso em: 19 nov. 2009)
Ulrich Kaiser
Comentários:
b) Muitas revistas impressas estão fazendo de tudo para evitar ter seu
conteúdo disponível na internet.
GABARITO: A
b) tendem a desaparecer.
Em 2005 uma revista alemã fez uma determinada publicação, mas muito
antes disso já havia surgido visões pessimistas sobre a relação entre
internet e revistas. Errada.
Nada a ver. O texto cita o ano de 1997 para mencionar uma citação feita
por Hickey, o vice-presidente da consultoria de mídia Jupiter Media Metrix.
Opção errada.
GABARITO: D
Observe o título do texto. Ele deixa bem claro que a competição é entre
empresas e sites e não entre funcionários. Errada.
O fato do texto ter mencionado uma empresa alemã, não indica que o uso
da palavra “canibal” em suas derivações, refere-se à competição entre
empresas americanas e alemãs. Incorreta.
Observe o título do texto. Ele deixa bem claro que a competição é entre
empresas e sites. Correta.
GABARITO: C
Translation
Ulrich Kaiser
Brigitte Bardot said she hoped Sarah Palin would lose the election
Comentários:
8. Com base no texto, assinale a alternativa que expressa corretamente a
visão de Brigitte Bardot sobre Sarah Palin:
Brigitte Bardot não tem uma visão de que Sarah Palin seja um símbolo
sexual. De acordo com o texto, ela Brigitte é que era considerada um
símbolo sexual. Opção errada.
Brigitte não acha que Sarah seja uma defensora dos animais. Pelo
contrário, ela acha que ela é incapaz de proteger a vida animal. Errada.
Segundo o texto, Brigitte não expressa que Sarah Palin seja militante
anti-gays e racista. Opção errada.
Brigitte não acha que Sarah seja um Símbolo sexual e nem uma defensora
dos animais. Pelo contrário, ela acha que ela é incapaz de proteger a vida
animal. Errada.
GABARITO: E
9.Assinale a alternativa que indica o modo como Brigitte Bardot está sendo
apresentada no texto.
Pelo contrário, ela tem má fama na França por suas opiniões francas sobre
a imigração e foi condenada e multada quatro vezes em Paris por
observações anti-gay. Opção errada.
The sixties sex symbol said that Republican John McCain’s running mate
was “disconcertingly stupid” and that she hoped she would lose the
November 4 presidential elections.
O símbolo sexual dos anos sessenta disse que a companheira de chapa
do republicano John McCain era "desconcertantemente estúpida" e que ela
esperava que ela perdesse as eleições presidenciais de 4 de novembro.
The 74-year-old former film star is notorious in France for her outspoken
views on immigration, the environment and animal rights. She has been
convicted and fined four times in Paris for anti-gay and racist remarks.
A ex-estrela de cinema de 74 anos de idade tem má fama na França por
suas opiniões francas sobre a imigração, meio-ambiente e direitos dos
O texto não diz que Brigitte é homossexual. Pelo contrário, ela foi
condenada e multada quatro vezes em Paris por observações anti-gay.
Opção errada.
GABARITO: B
Tanto no início, como em todo o decorrer do texto, está bem claro que é
veiculada ma opinião de oposição à candidata republicana à vice-
presidência dos Estados Unidos. Essa é a opção correta.
O texto não fala nada sobre Propostas de governo elaboradas por Sarah
Palin, e muito menos para fortalecer movimentos ambientalistas. Pelo
contrário, ela é retratada como uma verdadeira catástrofe ambiental.
Errada.
GABARITO: A
Brigitte Bardot said she hoped Sarah Palin would lose the election
Brigitte Bardot disse que ela esperava que Sarah Palin perdesse a eleição
“I hope you lose these elections because that would be a victory for the
world,” she went on.
"Espero que você perca estas eleições porque isso seria uma vitória para o
mundo", continuou ela.
As expressões entre aspas citadas acima são algumas que o texto usa como
estratégia empregada para privilegiar o pontos de vista de Brigitte Bardot.
Correta.
O texto apenas mostra o que Brigitte fala sobre Sarah. Mas omite a
perspectiva de Sarah Palin sobre o que diz Brigitte Bardot. Correta.
GABARITO: E
Translation
Brigitte Bardot said she hoped Sarah Palin would lose the election
Brigitte Bardot disse que ela esperava que Sarah Palin perdesse a eleição
The sixties sex symbol said that Republican John McCain’s running mate
was “disconcertingly stupid” and that she hoped she would lose the
November 4 presidential elections.
She lashed out at her for supporting Arctic oil exploration that could
threaten ecosystems and for dismissing measures to protect polar bears.
The 74-year-old former film star is notorious in France for her outspoken
views on immigration, the environment and animal rights. She has been
convicted and fined four times in Paris for anti-gay and racist remarks.
Earlier this year, a French court fined Mrs Bardot £15,000 for inciting racial
hatred by writing that she had “had enough‘” of Muslims destroying France.
(Disponivel em:
<http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/uselection2008/sarapalin/
3158058/Brigitte-Bardot-calls-Sarah-Palin-a-disgrace-to-women.html>
Acesso em: 23 out. 2008.)
Comentários:
12. É correto afirmar que a charge satiriza:
GABARITO: B
Pelo contrário, ele diz que vai processar o dono da árvore. Então, não é ele
mesmo. Opção errada.
Não se trata nem de venda e nem de pesquisas com maçãs. Opção errada.
GABARITO: D
Eureka! I’ll sue whoever owns this tree for damages, settle out of court for
millions, and never have to beg for research funding again!
Eureca! Vou processar quem quer que seja o dono dessa árvore por danos,
resolver de modo extrajudicial para ganhar milhões, e nunca ter que pedir
por financiamento para pesquisa de novo!
(Disponivel em:
<http://www.pulitzer.org/works/2000,Feature+Photography> Acesso em:
22 set. 2008.)
Comentários:
a) Ethnic Albanian refugees from Mitrovica in northern Kosovo weep as they
walk across the border into Albania.
b) Agim Shala, 2, is passed through a barbed wire fence as members of his
family are reunited at a refugeecamp in Kukes, Albania.
c) Cegrane camp residents, seeking word of friends and family left behind,
crowd the fences as buses bring more displaced Kosovo Albanians from
Blace.
d) Bitama, age 7, cries frequently. She was only four when her parents were
murdered in Rwanda during the 1994 genocide.
a) 1a, 2b, 3c
b) 1a, 2d, 3b
c) 1b, 2c, 3a
d) 1c, 2a, 3b
e) 1d, 2a, 3b
c) Cegrane camp residents, seeking word of friends and family left behind,
crowd the fences as buses bring more displaced Kosovo Albanians from
Blace. = residentes do campo Cegrane, buscando palavra de amigos e
familiares deixados para trás, amontoam-se nas cercas ao passo que ônibus
trazem mais albaneses desalojados do Kosovo de Blace.
d) Bitama, age 7, cries frequently. She was only four when her parents were
murdered in Rwanda during the 1994 genocide. = Bitama, 7 anos, chora
com freqüência. Ela tinha apenas quatro anos quando seus pais foram
assassinados em Ruanda durante o genocídio de 1994.
a) 1a, 2b, 3c
b) 1a, 2d, 3b
c) 1b, 2c, 3a
d) 1c, 2a, 3b
e) 1d, 2a, 3b
GABARITO: C
Warning
By Jenny Joseph
Comentários:
15- É correto afirmar que o objetivo principal do poema é:
A autora não se refere a pais idosos. Ela fala dela mesma quando
envelhecer. Errada.
Warning - Aviso
Observe que o título do texto expressa que o leitor deve se preparar para
algo inusitado, atípico. No poema a autora cita alguns comportamentos
atípicos, incomuns que ela terá quando ficar idosa. Alguns deles é vestir
A autora não descreve um exemplo a ser seguido. Ela diz o que ela mesma
pretende fazer quando envelhecer. Errada.
GABARITO: D
a) O marido da autora.
b) Uma amiga da autora.
c) Uma assistente social.
d) Uma aluna da autora.
e) A mãe da autora.
a) O marido da autora.
Não existem indícios no poema que indiquem que a autora está se dirigindo
a uma amiga, ou a uma assistente social, ou a uma aluna ou à mãe dela.
Opções erradas.
GABARITO: A
Translation
Warning
Aviso
By Jenny Joseph
My son is 6 and has his arm in a plaster cast after having surgery to repair
a nasty fracture. He is finding the plaster uncomfortable because the skin
underneath feels itchy. Is there anything that can relieve this problem?
(Jane Burgess, Stockport)
This is a common complaint, especially in the first few days after a plaster
cast has been put on. It can take a while to get used to.
It’s important that your son doesn’t try to relieve the itch by sticking
something under the cast, such as a pen, ruler or knitting needle. He could
damage the skin, which could lead to an infection. It would be a good idea
to avoid sandpits, as sand can exacerbate the problem. Keeping small
objects, such as marbles or tiny beads, out of the way for now would be a
sensible precaution, too.
There are a few things you could try to help him to feel more comfortable.
If the edge of the cast is slightly rough, file it down to make it smooth.
Sometimes itching can be relieved by blowing cold air from a hair dryer into
the cast. You could also try Piriton, an antihistamine, available over the
counter that helps to relieve itching. Talk to your pharmacist about the dose
your son would need.
Fonte: http://www.timesonline.co.uk/health Acesso em 09/10/06
Comentários:
Esta é uma seção de cartas sobre saúde.
17-Assinale a alternativa que indica o principal problema apresentado pelo
paciente:
My son is 6 and has his arm in a plaster cast after having surgery to repair
a nasty fracture. He is finding the plaster uncomfortable because the skin
underneath feels itchy. Is there anything that can relieve this problem?
(Jane Burgess, Stockport)
Meu filho tem 6 anos e está com o braço no gesso após a cirurgia para
reparar uma fratura desagradável. Ele acha o gesso desconfortável porque
sente coceira na pele abaixo dele. Existe alguma coisa que pode aliviar este
problema?
A pessoa que usa o gesso e sente coceira tem 6 anos. Portanto, é uma
criança. Essa é a opção correta.
O paciente não sente dor, ele sente coceira e desconforto por causa do
gesso. Além disso, ele já foi medicado de modo adequado. Errada.
GABARITO: C
18- Dentre os conselhos dados pela médica que está respondendo a carta,
estão:
18- Dentre os conselhos dados pela médica que está respondendo a carta,
estão:
Não foi mencionado nada sobre a mãe não exagerar o problema. Foi dito
que a areia pode agravar o problema. O farmaceutico foi citado como
opção, não como algo imediato e não para informar-se sobre anti-
histamínicos eficazes. Ela já especificou um deles, o Piriton. Errada.
It’s important that your son doesn’t try to relieve the itch by sticking
something under the cast, such as a pen, ruler or knitting needle.
É importante que o seu filho não tente aliviar a coceira por colocar algo sob
o gesso, como uma caneta, régua ou agulha de tricô.
Sometimes itching can be relieved by blowing cold air from a hair dryer into
the cast.
Às vezes, a coceira podem ser aliviada por ventilar dentro do gesso com a
ajuda de um secador de cabelos.
Os dois segmentos acima deixam bem claro que a opção concorda com o
texto quanto a alguns dos conselhos dados pela médica que está
respondendo a carta. Essa é a correta.
GABARITO: E
Translation
My son is 6 and has his arm in a plaster cast after having surgery to repair
a nasty fracture. He is finding the plaster uncomfortable because the skin
underneath feels itchy. Is there anything that can relieve this problem?
(Jane Burgess, Stockport)
Meu filho tem 6 anos e está com o braço no gesso após a cirurgia para
reparar uma fratura desagradável. Ele acha o gesso desconfortável porque
sente coceira na pele abaixo dele. Existe alguma coisa que pode aliviar este
problema?
This is a common complaint, especially in the first few days after a plaster
cast has been put on. It can take a while to get used to.
It’s important that your son doesn’t try to relieve the itch by sticking
something under the cast, such as a pen, ruler or knitting needle. He could
damage the skin, which could lead to an infection. It would be a good idea
to avoid sandpits, as sand can exacerbate the problem. Keeping small
objects, such as marbles or tiny beads, out of the way for now would be a
sensible precaution, too.
É importante que o seu filho não tente aliviar a coceira por colocar algo sob
o gesso, como uma caneta, régua ou agulha de tricô. Ele poderia danificar
a pele, o que poderia levar a uma infecção. Seria uma boa ideia evitar
tanque de areia para crianças, visto que a areia pode agravar o problema.
Manter pequenos objetos, tais como bolinhas de gude ou pequenas contas,
fora do caminho, por agora seria uma precaução sensata, também.
There are a few things you could try to help him to feel more comfortable.
If the edge of the cast is slightly rough, file it down to make it smooth.
Sometimes itching can be relieved by blowing cold air from a hair dryer into
the cast. You could also try Piriton, an antihistamine, available over the
counter that helps to relieve itching. Talk to your pharmacist about the dose
your son would need.
Fonte: http://www.timesonline.co.uk/health Acesso em 09/10/06
Existem algumas coisas que você poderia tentar para ajudá-lo a se sentir
mais confortável. Se a borda do gesso estiver um pouco áspera, lixe-a para
torná-la suave. Às vezes, a coceira podem ser aliviada por ventilar dentro
do gesso com a ajuda de um secador de cabelos. Você também pode tentar
Piriton, um anti-histamínico, disponível sem precisar de receita médica, que
ajuda a aliviar a coceira. Fale com o seu farmacêutico sobre a dose que o
seu filho precisa.
ABSTRACT
Based on concepts of citizenship and human rights, this article aims to show
how inclusive education policies, notwithstanding the progressive
legislation, are limited by the lack of an effective basic education policy.
The three stages of basic education do not form a universal path, since
kindergarten and high school are not universal. Besides, the presence of
Brazil on the international scene, associated with its historical uneven
distribution of wealth, stimulate targeted compensatory policies rather than
public policies that would ensure equal opportunities. The traditional efforts
made by educators and intellectuals are not enough - only a vigorous social
movement can assure the effectiveness of these rights.
Fonte: CURY, C. R. J.
Inclusive and compensatory policies in elementary education.
Cad. Pesqui., São Paulo, v. 35, n. 124, 2005.
Comentários:
19- De acordo com o resumo acima, o fator que prejudica as políticas
inclusivas de educação no Brasil é:
Based on concepts of citizenship and human rights, this article aims to show
how inclusive education policies, notwithstanding the progressive
legislation, are limited by the lack of an effective basic education policy.
O resumo diz que eles tem lutado para que se garanta a igualdade de
oportunidades. Não se diz que eles tem resistido a mudanças no contexto
político-educacional. Errada.
GABARITO: B
20-Segundo o autor, esse quadro pode ser revertido por meio de:
20-Segundo o autor, esse quadro pode ser revertido por meio de:
The traditional efforts made by educators and intellectuals are not enough
- only a vigorous social movement can assure the effectiveness of these
rights.
As tradicionais lutas de educadores e intelectuais não são suficientes -
apenas um movimento social forte pode assegurar a eficácia desses
direitos.
A opção concorda com o texto quanto ao que pode reverter o quadro. Essa
é a opção correta.
O texto apenas diz que as três etapas da educação básica não formam um
caminho universal, uma vez que o jardim de infância e do ensino médio
não são universais. Não se fala em aprimoramento e nem universalização
do ensino médio. Erradas.
GABARITO: C
Translation
ABSTRACT
RESUMO
Based on concepts of citizenship and human rights, this article aims to show
how inclusive education policies, notwithstanding the progressive
Nowhere to go but up
Brazil is suffering its worst recession since the 1930s, perhaps of all time.
On June 1st the government reported that GDP contracted by 0.3% in real
terms in the first quarter of this year; it is 5.4% smaller than it was a year
earlier. Over that period GDP per person dropped by more than it did during
the hyperinflationary “lost decade” from 1981 to 1992, notes Alberto
Ramos of Goldman Sachs, an investment bank. Over two years the number
of jobless Brazilians rose from 7m to 11m. It is a “downright depression”,
says Mr Ramos.
The task of pulling Brazil out of this morass falls to Michel Temer, who took
over as interim president after the Senate voted in May to try President
Dilma Rousseff on impeachment charges. Politically, his government has
had a rough start. Two of the ministers in his all-white, all-male cabinet,
including the one in charge of fighting corruption, had to step aside after
recordings were leaked in which they appeared to criticise prosecutors’
investigation of the massive corruption scandal surrounding Petrobras, the
state-controlled oil company. They say they were misinterpreted.
Despite watching two ministers sink into the quicksand of the Petrobras
scandal, Mr Temer has managed to keep his government functioning. That
may be in part because Brazilians have low expectations. A handful of other
members of his cabinet are under investigation, as is Renan Calheiros, the
president of the Senate and a member of Mr Temer’s Party of the Brazilian
Democratic Movement, who features in the leaked recordings. But neither
Congress nor the voters are demanding the toppling of Mr Temer’s
Translation
Nowhere to go but up
Nada a fazer a não ser resistir
Brazil is suffering its worst recession since the 1930s, perhaps of all time.
On June 1st the government reported that GDP contracted by 0.3% in real
terms in the first quarter of this year; it is 5.4% smaller than it was a year
earlier. Over that period GDP per person dropped by more than it did during
the hyperinflationary “lost decade” from 1981 to 1992, notes Alberto
Ramos of Goldman Sachs, an investment bank. Over two years the number
of jobless Brazilians rose from 7m to 11m. It is a “downright depression”,
says Mr Ramos.
O Brasil está sofrendo sua pior recessão desde a década de 30, talvez de
todos os tempos. No dia 1º de junho, o governo informou que o PIB se
contraiu 0,3% em termos reais no primeiro trimestre deste ano; que é
5,4% menor do que era no ano anterior. Nesse período o PIB por pessoa
caiu mais do que durante a hiperinflacionária "década perdida" de 1981 a
1992, observa Alberto Ramos, do Goldman Sachs, banco de investimento.
Ao longo de dois anos, o número de brasileiros sem emprego subiu de 7
milhões a 11 milhões. É uma "completa depressão", diz Ramos.
Despite watching two ministers sink into the quicksand of the Petrobras
scandal, Mr Temer has managed to keep his government functioning. That
may be in part because Brazilians have low expectations. A handful of other
members of his cabinet are under investigation, as is Renan Calheiros, the
president of the Senate and a member of Mr Temer’s Party of the Brazilian
Democratic Movement, who features in the leaked recordings. But neither
Congress nor the voters are demanding the toppling of Mr Temer’s
government. The howls of rage from Ms Rousseff and her allies have so far
had little effect.
http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21699948-interim-
government-proposes-some-reforms-nowhere-go-up
On June 20th four proposals were up for a vote in the Senate. The
Democratic Party’s two proposals included a “no-fly, no-buy” draft law,
which would bar anyone on terrorist watch-lists from buying a gun; the
The Senate is expected to vote on the Collins draft law this week or next.
Yet even if it passes it will probably be voted down in the House where the
Republican leadership has shown little enthusiasm for any type of gun-
control measures. Four days after Orlando, Paul Ryan, the Speaker of the
House, said that “going after the Second Amendment” will not stop
terrorism. A cartoon on June 21st in the New Yorker shows a man standing
behind a lectern in the Senate. The caption reads “Thank you for the
moment of outrage. And now back to doing absolutely nothing.”
http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2016/06/gun-
control
Translation
"A violência armada exige mais do que momentos de silêncio. Ela exige
ação. Em fracassar nesse teste, o Senado decepcionou o povo americano.
"O presidente Barack Obama não mediu suas palavras em um tweet em 21
de junho, um dia depois que o Senado não conseguiu aprovar quatro
propostas para apertar o controle de armas. Desde que ele chegou ao poder
Obama já tentou o seu melhor para tornar mais difícil para se apossar de
uma arma em um país onde se estima haver 300 milhões de armas (das
quais 20 milhões a 30 milhões são rifles de estilo de assalto) nas mãos de
civis. E com regularidade frustrante seus esforços foram frustrados pelos
legisladores.
On June 20th four proposals were up for a vote in the Senate. The
Democratic Party’s two proposals included a “no-fly, no-buy” draft law,
which would bar anyone on terrorist watch-lists from buying a gun; the
other draft law would expand background checks of gun buyers from shops
to online sales and gun shows. The Republicans proposed a 72-hour delay
before people on watch-lists can buy guns, to give the government an
opportunity to prove, through the court system, that the purchaser is a
terrorist threat; their second proposal was to redefine mental incapacity.
None of the four draft laws managed to get the 60 votes required to pass.
The Senate is expected to vote on the Collins draft law this week or next.
Yet even if it passes it will probably be voted down in the House where the
Republican leadership has shown little enthusiasm for any type of gun-
control measures. Four days after Orlando, Paul Ryan, the Speaker of the
House, said that “going after the Second Amendment” will not stop
terrorism. A cartoon on June 21st in the New Yorker shows a man standing
behind a lectern in the Senate. The caption reads “Thank you for the
moment of outrage. And now back to doing absolutely nothing.”
http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2016/06/gun-
control
A tragic split
HOW quickly the unthinkable became the irreversible. A year ago few
people imagined that the legions of Britons who love to whinge about the
European Union—silly regulations, bloated budgets and pompous
bureaucrats—would actually vote to leave the club of countries that buy
nearly half of Britain’s exports. Yet, by the early hours of June 24th, it was
clear that voters had ignored the warnings of economists, allies and their
own government and, after more than four decades in the EU, were about
to step boldly into the unknown.
Although the EU needs to deal with popular anger, the remedy lies in
boosting growth. Completing the single market in, say, digital services and
capital markets would create jobs and prosperity. The euro zone needs
stronger underpinnings, starting with a proper banking union. Acting on
Translation
A tragic split
Uma separação trágica
HOW quickly the unthinkable became the irreversible. A year ago few
people imagined that the legions of Britons who love to whinge about the
European Union—silly regulations, bloated budgets and pompous
bureaucrats—would actually vote to leave the club of countries that buy
nearly half of Britain’s exports. Yet, by the early hours of June 24th, it was
clear that voters had ignored the warnings of economists, allies and their
own government and, after more than four decades in the EU, were about
to step boldly into the unknown.
Although the EU needs to deal with popular anger, the remedy lies in
boosting growth. Completing the single market in, say, digital services and
capital markets would create jobs and prosperity. The euro zone needs
stronger underpinnings, starting with a proper banking union. Acting on
age-old talk of returning powers, including labour-market regulation, to
Vocabulário Tradução
available disponível
citizenship cidadania
damage estrago, prejuízo
dangerous perigoso
development desenvolvimento
global warming aquecimento global
GNP (Gross National Product) PIB (Produto Interno Bruto)
gun arma
itching coceira
itchy comichoso
lack escassez, carência, falta, faltar
Vocabulário Sinônimos
available obtainable
citizenship nationality
damage harm
dangerous peril
development progress
global warming global heating
GNP Gross National Product
gun weapon
itching skin sensation
The average / median age at which American mothers give birth to their
first child is decreasing.
A média de idade em que as mães americanas dão luz ao seu primeiro
filho está diminuindo.
This study group provides support and enhances / improves the well-
being of our neighbours.
Esse grupo de estudo prove apoio e aumenta / melhora o bem-estar de
nossos vizinhos.
Eyebrows were raised when Amartya Sen won the Nobel Prize in Economics
in 1998. Sen had frequently been mentioned as a candidate, but it had
been predicted that in an era when laissez-faire market economics were all
the rage Sen’s insistence on looking beyond GNP figures – his penchant for
emphasizing the social in the social science of economics – meant that he
would never win the prize.
I don’t think development is softer – that implies it’s not sufficiently exacting
– but certainly there was a sense for a while that development was a very
hard process, and that people had to sacrifice. There was a lot of blood,
sweat, and tears involved.
[...]
Well, I think maybe because the previous view was mostly mistaken. There
was a tension in it. The market economy succeeds not because some
people’s interests are suppressed and other people are kept out of the
market, but because people gain individual advantage from it. So, I don’t
really see that the proponents of the harsh model got the general idea at
all right. They had some dreadful slogans like, “You have to break some
eggs to make an omelet.” It’s a totally misleading analogy – a pretty costly
one aesthetically, and also it’s quite mistaken in terms of understanding
the nature of man. So, I think the change came about because it was
overdue.
(Disponível em: <http://tiny.cc/theatlantic> Acesso em: 19 nov. 2009)
Ulrich Kaiser
6.De acordo com o texto, visões pessimistas sobre a relação entre internet
e revistas
Brigitte Bardot said she hoped Sarah Palin would lose the election
The sixties sex symbol said that Republican John McCain’s running mate
was “disconcertingly stupid” and that she hoped she would lose the
November 4 presidential elections.
“I hope you lose these elections because that would be a victory for the
world,” she went on.
She lashed out at her for supporting Arctic oil exploration that could threaten
ecosystems and for dismissing measures to protect polar bears. “This shows
your total lack of responsibility, your inability to protect or simply respect
animal life,” she wrote.
The 74-year-old former film star is notorious in France for her outspoken
views on immigration, the environment and animal rights. She has been
convicted and fined four times in Paris for anti-gay and racist remarks.
Earlier this year, a French court fined Mrs Bardot £15,000 for inciting racial
hatred by writing that she had “had enough‘” of Muslims destroying France.
(Disponivel em:
9.Assinale a alternativa que indica o modo como Brigitte Bardot está sendo
apresentada no texto.
(Disponivel em:
<http://www.pulitzer.org/works/2000,Feature+Photography> Acesso em:
22 set. 2008.)
a) 1a, 2b, 3c
b) 1a, 2d, 3b
c) 1b, 2c, 3a
d) 1c, 2a, 3b
e) 1d, 2a, 3b
Warning
By Jenny Joseph
a) O marido da autora.
b) Uma amiga da autora.
c) Uma assistente social.
d) Uma aluna da autora.
e) A mãe da autora.
My son is 6 and has his arm in a plaster cast after having surgery to repair
a nasty fracture. He is finding the plaster uncomfortable because the skin
underneath feels itchy. Is there anything that can relieve this problem?
(Jane Burgess, Stockport)
This is a common complaint, especially in the first few days after a plaster
cast has been put on. It can take a while to get used to.
It’s important that your son doesn’t try to relieve the itch by sticking
something under the cast, such as a pen, ruler or knitting needle. He could
damage the skin, which could lead to an infection. It would be a good idea
to avoid sandpits, as sand can exacerbate the problem. Keeping small
objects, such as marbles or tiny beads, out of the way for now would be a
sensible precaution, too.
There are a few things you could try to help him to feel more comfortable.
If the edge of the cast is slightly rough, file it down to make it smooth.
Sometimes itching can be relieved by blowing cold air from a hair dryer into
the cast. You could also try Piriton, an antihistamine, available over the
counter that helps to relieve itching. Talk to your pharmacist about the dose
your son would need.
Fonte: http://www.timesonline.co.uk/health Acesso em 09/10/06
18- Dentre os conselhos dados pela médica que está respondendo a carta,
estão:
ABSTRACT
20-Segundo o autor, esse quadro pode ser revertido por meio de:
Conclui-se então com esta aula o nosso Curso de Inglês para o ENEM.
Um abraço cheio de fé e esperança,