Datos:

Radio medio terrestre R =6371 Km

Coordenadas geográficas de Montevideo, Uruguay, en grados decimales:

• Longitud: -56.18816
• Latitud: -34.90328
• 𝜃𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 = (90 − (−34.90328)) → 𝜃𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 = 124,90328
• 𝜑𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 = (−56,18816)
• 𝑅𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 = 6371 Km

Coordenadas geográficas de Madrid, España, en grados decimales:

• Longitud: -3.70256
• Latitud: 40.41650
• 𝜃𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 = (90 − 40,416500) → 𝜃𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 = 49,5835
• 𝜑𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 = (−3.70256)
• 𝑅𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 = 6371 Km

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 = (𝑅, 𝜃𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 , 𝜑𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 )

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 = (𝑅, 𝜃𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 , 𝜑𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 )

𝑥 = 𝑅 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜑

𝑦 = 𝑅 sin 𝜃 sin 𝜑

𝑧 = 𝑅 cos 𝜃

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑅(sin 𝜃𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 cos 𝜑𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 𝑖̂ + sin 𝜃𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 sin 𝜑𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 𝑗̂ + cos 𝜃𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 𝑘̂)
𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑅(sin 𝜃𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 cos 𝜑𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 𝑖̂ + sin 𝜃𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 sin 𝜑𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 𝑗̂ + cos 𝜃𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 𝑘̂)
𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑
𝑇𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑙 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − 𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 = 6371[sin(124,90328) cos(−56,18816)𝑖̂ + sin(124,90328) sin(−56,18816) 𝑗̂ + cos(124,90328)𝑘̂)]

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜 = 6371[0,456𝑖̂ + (−0,681)𝑗̂ + (−0,572)𝑘̂]

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 = 6371[sin(49,5835) cos(−3.70256)𝑖̂ + sin(49,5835) sin(−3.70256)𝑗̂ + cos(49,5835𝑘̂)]

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑 = 6371[0,760𝑖̂ + (−0,0492)𝑗̂ + (0,648)𝑘̂]

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑑
𝑇𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑙 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − 𝑀𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑜
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 6371[{0,760 − 0,456}𝑖̂ + {(−0,0492) − (−0,681)}𝑗̂ + {0,648 − (−0,572)}𝑘̂]

𝑇𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑙

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 6371[0,304𝑖̂ + 0,632𝑗̂ + 1,22𝑘̂]

𝑇𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑙

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 6371√(0,304)2 + (0,632)2 + (1,22)2

𝑇𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑙

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 6371√1,98
𝑇𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑙

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 8965 𝐾𝑚
𝑇𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑙