Lista de Exercícios 4 - Cálculo Diferencial Integral IV

Professora: Rafaella Martins

(1) Encontre a solução geral das EDOs abaixo utilizando série de potências (dê os cinco
primeiros termo da série que é aolução).
(a) (1 + x)y ′ = y
(b) y ′ = −2xy
(c) y ′′ + y = 0
(d) y ′′ − y ′ + xy = 0
(e) y ′′ − y ′ + x2 y = 0
(f) y ′′ + (1 + x2 )y = 0
(g) y ′′ − 4xy ′ + (4x2 − 2)y = 0
(2) Encontre
 a solução dos sistemas
 y2 = y1′

(a)
 4y1 = y ′

2

 y1 − 4y2
 = y1′
(b)
 −2y1 − y2 = y ′

2

 2y1
 = y1′
(c)
 −2y1 − y2 = y ′

2

 y1 + y2
 = y1′
(d)
 −y1 + 3y2 = y ′

2

 5y1 − y2 = y1′

(e)
 3y1 + y2 = y ′

2

 −2y1 + y2 = y1′

(f)
 y1 − 2y2 = y2′


1
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Respostas

(1) (a) y = a0 (1 + x)
(−1)k 2k
(b) y = a0 ∞
2
= a0 e−x
P
k=0 k! x
(−1)n x2n (−1)n x2n+1
(c) y = a0 ∞ + a1 ∞
P P
n=0 (2n)! n=0 (2n+1)!
= a0 cos x + a1 sin x
(d) y = a0 1 − 61 x3 − 1 4 1
+ . . . + a1 x + 21 x2 + 16 x3 − 1 4 1 5



24
x − 120
x5 24
x − 30
x − ...
1 4 1 5
− . . . + a1 x + 12 x2 + 16 x3 + 24
1 4 1 5



(e) y = a0 1 − 12
x − 60
x x − 24 x + ...
(f) y = a0 1 − 12 x2 − 24
1 4 13 6
x + . . . + a1 x − 61 x3 − 241 5 5



x + 720 x + 1008 x7 + . . .
(g) y = a0 ∞ x2n
P∞ x2n+1 2
= (a0 + a1 x)ex
P
n=0 n! + a1 n=0 n!

     
y1 1 −1
(2) (a)   = c1   e2t + c2   e−2t
y2 2 2
     
y1 −2 1
(b)   = c1   e3t + c2   e−3t
y2 1 1
     
y1 −3 0
(c)   = c1   e2t + c2   e−1t
y2 2 1
       
y1 1 1 −1
(d)   = c1   e2t + c2   te2t + c2   e2t
y2 1 1 0
     
y1 1 1
(e)   = c1   e2t + c2   e4t
y2 3 1
     
y1 1 1
(f)   = c1   e−3t + c2   e−t
y2 −1 1