Área: Biológicas/Saúde

Data:

Nº Identificação:

Informações Gerais: leia com atenção!

1. A duração do Exame TEAP é de TRÊS HORAS. Não será fornecido tempo adicional.
2. A prova deve ser respondida a caneta, de forma legível (problemas com a compreensão da caligrafia podem prejudicar a
correção). É permitido o uso de líquido corretivo.
3. Lápis pode ser utilizado para rascunho, o qual pode ser feito nas páginas em branco. Não é permitido o uso de folhas de
rascunho avulsas.
4. Caso os espaços fornecidos para as respostas não sejam suficientes, você pode continuar em uma das páginas em branco,
desde que indique claramente o local.
5. Não é permitido o uso de dicionários - um glossário é fornecido no final de cada texto.
6. As provas são numeradas e dispensam qualquer tipo de identificação.
7. No decorrer do exame será passada uma lista com os números das provas. Nessa lista identifique o número da sua prova,
escreva seu nome de forma legível no espaço fornecido e assine.
8. O resultado será divulgado no site www.teseprime.org em, no máximo, dez dias. A consulta do resultado é feita por meio de seu
código e senha, no ícone "candidatos cadastrados".
9. Um certificado será enviado para aqueles que obtiverem pontuação igual ou superior a cinquenta.
10. O telefone celular deverá estar desligado durante o período da prova.
 01

Descrição do Exame:
O TEAP é composto de dois textos. Cada texto é seguido de duas seções, cada
uma com tipos específicos de questões. As questões procuram simular situações
comumente encontradas em ambiente profissional e acadêmico e devem ser
respondidas em português.

A Seção 1 é composta de um texto seguido de quatro questões dissertativas, as

quais visam avaliar a habilidade de compreensão e de localização de informação.
Nesta seção é importante incluir nas respostas informações extraídas do texto que
efetivamente demonstrem a existência de compreensão. Evite respostas baseadas
apenas em conhecimento prévio sobre o assunto.

A Seção 2 é composta de três questões para cada texto. Estas questões visam a
avaliação da compreensão detalhada de trechos extraídos do texto. Para tanto, é
solicitado que o trecho selecionado seja reescrito em português. A decodificação
palavra-por-palavra deve ser evitada, pois tal estratégia freqüentemente resulta em
textos sem sentido quando lidos em português. Recomenda-se que sejam feitas as
adaptações necessárias para que a resposta seja coerente e demonstre que houve
compreensão do texto original em inglês.
 Text 1
02 Foodborne Infectious Disease
1-Between August 19 and September 5, 2006, symptomatic
enteritis from Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli O157:H7
infection was reported in 199 persons in 26 states in association
with consumption of fresh spinach or spinach-containing products
from commercial brands processed by Natural Selection Foods,
California. One hundred two of these persons (51%) had been
hospitalized as of October 6, and 31 (16%) had acute renal failure
from the hemolytic–uremic syndrome, which had developed in 29%
of the affected children (<18 years of age), 8% of the affected adults
18 to 59 years of age, and 14% of the affected adults 60 years of age
or older. Three persons with confirmed cases had died by
mid-October: E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from 13 opened
packages of spinach provided by patients from 10 states; 11 of the
packages had lot numbers indicating processing by a single
manufacturing facility on the same day. The DNA pattern found in all
13 isolates matches that of the outbreak strain isolated from
numerous patients. The precise mechanism of contamination
remains undetermined, although on October 12, authorities
detected the same strain of the bacterium in manure from one of
four contiguous cattle ranches that are suspected sources. The
epidemic was quickly controlled by a nationwide ban on the
consumption of uncooked spinach, followed by a ban on and recall
of all spinach products processed and distributed by Natural
Selection Foods.
2- The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) — have made substantial efforts to
improve food safety, particularly in the commercial production and
distribution of foods. There is evidence that the incidence of
foodborne infectious disease in the United States has decreased
substantially over the past decade. Unfortunately, the decline has
leveled off since 2000, and achieving substantial further
improvements in microbiologic food safety poses formidable
challenges, especially if we continue to rely solely on our current
strategies. Although most reported infections with Shiga
toxin–producing E. coli are linked to undercooked ground beef,
nearly 25% of outbreaks stem from contamination of commercial
produce that is eaten uncooked — lettuce, spinach, cabbage, or
tomatoes. Outbreaks have been traced to orchards that market
unpasteurized apple cider, made from apples that have dropped
from the trees and have become contaminated by E. coli O157 from
manure used to fertilize the soil. Enteric colonization of domestic
cattle has resulted in human disease from contaminated milk
Glossary
Outbreak: surto
Strain: variedade, linhagem
Manure: esterco
Ban: proibição formal
Foodborne: de origem alimentar
products and in outbreaks among children visiting petting zoos.
3- Since 2004, there has been a 43% decline in the E. coli
contamination of ground-beef samples tested by the USDA — a
decrease that follows intensified federal regulatory efforts to
enhance food-safety systems and microbiologic testing by
commercial meat producers. Much less progress has been made
in enhancing the safety of commercially produced vegetables. It is
hoped that the Lettuce Safety Initiative, which has been expanded
to include spinach, will reduce the occurrence of infection related to
consumption of lettuce and spinach. Although the producers and
commercial processors of high-risk produce are required to wash
products before packaging, washing clearly does not reliably
eliminate the risk of contamination.
4- Cooking spinach properly (at 160°F for at least 15 seconds)
can eliminate the risk, but undercooking is probably common: the
undercooking of foods such as poultry or eggs still causes millions
of cases of salmonella and campylobacter infection each year. More
than four million tons of lettuce, spinach, and sprouts are consumed
in North America every year, and it is unclear how much the risk is
reduced by rewashing the produce, even if the consumer bothers
to do it.
5- Irradiation of high-risk foods after processing could greatly
reduce the incidence of all bacterial foodborne disease and save
hundreds of lives each year. The efficacy and safety of food
irradiation have been established through extensive research, which
has demonstrated that irradiation kills or markedly reduces counts
of food pathogens without impairing the nutritional value of the food
or making it toxic, carcinogenic, or radioactive. A number of food
products are already commonly irradiated, with no evidence of
harmful effects, and for decades, we have sterilized hundreds of
millions of implanted medical devices through irradiation each year.
Adapted from the New England Journal of Medicine - November 9, 2006
To rely: contar com, confiar em
Orchard: pomar
Cider: vinho ou suco de maçã
Poultry: aves (para consumo)
Biológicas/Saúde - Modelo I Site
 Text 1 03
Responda as perguntas a seguir, de acordo com o texto.

1) Descreva o caso de contaminação descrito no texto e suas conseqüências.

2) Em que nível se encontra a incidência de doenças infecciosas alimentares nos EUA ao longo da última década?
Quais os motivos?

3) Descreva as principais características da contaminação por produtos industrializados e da contaminação por

produtos frescos.

4) Qual a mensagem que o autor quis transmitir ao escrever este artigo?

Biológicas/Saúde - Modelo I Site

04 Text 1
Reescreva em português os trechos selecionados abaixo. (Lembre-se de que não se trata de uma tradução literal: você
pode reproduzir o conteúdo integral do trecho com outras palavras, desde que mantenha o sentido original.)

5) Since 2004, there has been a 43% decline in the E. coli contamination of ground-beef samples tested by the USDA
— a decrease that follows intensified federal regulatory efforts to enhance food-safety systems and microbiologic
testing by commercial meat producers. Much less progress has been made in enhancing the safety of commercially
produced vegetables.

6) Cooking spinach properly (at 160°F for at least 15 seconds) can eliminate the risk, but undercooking is probably
common: the undercooking of foods such as poultry or eggs still causes millions of cases of salmonella and
campylobacter infection each year. More than four million tons of lettuce, spinach, and sprouts are consumed in North
America every year, and it is unclear how much the risk is reduced by rewashing the produce, even if the consumer
bothers to do it.

7) Irradiation of high-risk foods after processing could greatly reduce the incidence of all bacterial foodborne disease
and save hundreds of lives each year. The efficacy and safety of food irradiation have been established through
extensive research, which has demonstrated that irradiation kills or markedly reduces counts of food pathogens
without impairing the nutritional value of the food or making it toxic, carcinogenic, or radioactive.

Biológicas/Saúde - Modelo I Site

 05

Biológicas/Saúde - Modelo I Site

 Text 2
06 An appointment with chance
1- One of the most fashionable areas of science at the moment
is the study of stem cells. This subject provokes high passions,
particularly when the cells in question are drawn from human
embryos. It also encourages the lowest form of scientific behavior,
fabricating data. A tragicomic stem-cell story, however, is probably a
first. But a piece of research reported by Zhu Jianhong of Fudan
University and his colleagues began that way. Its first subject was a
woman admitted into Huashan Hospital in Shanghai with a
chopstick in her brain. It ended triumphantly, though, with the trial of
a treatment that may heal the sort of brain injuries that the woman in
question suffered.
2- Stem cells are the cells responsible for making bodies, and
then repairing the natural wear and tear to which they are subject
while they are alive. The body-forming cells are the embryonic stem
cells that are causing so much political
trouble in America because obtaining
them involves destroying early-stage
embryos known as blastocysts. Some
people think that destroying blastocysts is
murder. The repairing sort of cells, though,
are uncontroversial, and are turning up in
more and more places. Even tissues once
believed not to change much after
childhood, and thus not to need the
renewing ministrations of stem cells, are
yielding them. Heart-muscle tissue, for
example, has recently been shown to have them. Another place
where they were not, at first, expected to exist is the brain. But they
do. And that discovery meant that the unfortunate lady who had had
a chopstick thrust through one of her eyes into part of her brain
called the inferior prefrontal subcortex (IPS) presented an
opportunity. When the utensil was removed, Dr Zhu decided to try
culturing the tissue that came out with it, to see whether there were
any stem cells there. To his delight, the extracted tissue thrived and
grew, and many of the cells in the resulting culture contained
proteins with characteristic of neural stem cells. But he wanted to be
sure that that was what he had.
3- The defining feature of a stem cell is self-renewal. When such
a cell divides, at least one of its daughters is also a stem cell (the
other may set off on the route to specialization that allows stem cells
to generate new tissue). The way to test whether a particular cell is
a stem cell, therefore, is to grow it individually. A single stem cell will
divide continuously and form a spherical colony consisting of its
Glossary
Chopstick: hashi; pauzinhos para comida japonesa
Wear and tear: desgaste; depreciação
To yield: produzir
progeny. Other cells will not. Dr Zhu found that about 4% of the cells
from his chopstick-injured patient were able to form such colonies,
which confirmed his conjecture. Thus inspired, he started collecting
samples from other patients with traumatic open-head injuries
(though none with quite such an unusual cause as the first). He has
managed to derive neural stem cells from 16 of these patients, out
of a total of 22, and believes that success depends on which region
of the brain is affected. Cells from the IPS are the best source, so it
seems he was lucky in his original patient.
4- First, Dr Zhu tried it out on mice (with their immune systems
turned off, so that they would not reject the cells). He injected stem
cells he had cultured from his patients into mouse brains and found
that they differentiated into the various cell types found in the
nervous system. The resulting nerve cells were able to conduct
electrical impulses and could form the
specialized junctions called synapses.
Having shown that the stem cells worked in
healthy mouse brains, Dr Zhu tried them
out on injured mouse brains. Another
property of stem cells is to accumulate at
sites of injury, where their services are
obviously needed. In order to track the
movements of the cells, his team attached
tiny magnetic particles to them before they
transplanted them, and also injected them
with a dye. They found that cells implanted
into healthy brains stayed put, whereas those implanted into
damaged brains moved towards the injured area.
5- So the team moved on to people. They transplanted neural
stem cells derived from eight patients with open-head injuries back
into the patients who had provided the initial tissue and allowed the
cells to migrate to the injury sites. (In one case, they used magnetic
particles to follow the process.) Then they asked a separate group
of specialists to look both at their experimental patients and at a
group of people with similar brain injuries but no transplant. The
second research group did not know who had and who had not
been treated, so as to make the trial “blind”. Using standard
behavioral tests, they concluded that the treated patients had lower
disability scores.
Adapted from the Economist - November, 2006
Progeny: descendente; prole
Dye: tintura; corante
To stay put: fixar
Biológicas/Saúde - Modelo I Site
 Text 2 07
Responda as perguntas a seguir, de acordo com o texto.

8) Explique, segundo o texto, o que é uma célula tronco e qual a crítica feita em relação às experiências com o uso
dessas células.

9) Como Dr. Zhu provou que as células do cérebro podem se regenerar ?

10) Descreva os experimentos em cérebros que sofreram lesões.

11) Explique a idéia principal do texto.

Biológicas/Saúde - Modelo I Site

08 Text 2
Reescreva em português os trechos selecionados abaixo. (Lembre-se de que não se trata de uma tradução literal: você
pode reproduzir o conteúdo integral do trecho com outras palavras, desde que mantenha o sentido original.)

12) A tragicomic stem-cell story, however, is probably a first. But a piece of research reported by Zhu Jianhong of
Fudan University and his colleagues began that way. Its first subject was a woman admitted into Huashan Hospital in
Shanghai with a chopstick in her brain. It ended triumphantly, though, with the trial of a treatment that may heal the
sort of brain injuries that the woman in question suffered.

13) Stem cells are the cells responsible for making bodies, and then repairing the natural wear and tear to which they
are subject while they are alive. The body-forming cells are the embryonic stem cells that are causing so much
political trouble in America because obtaining them involves destroying early-stage embryos known as blastocysts.
Some people think that destroying blastocysts is murder.

14) So the team moved on to people. They transplanted neural stem cells derived from eight patients with open-head
injuries back into the patients who had provided the initial tissue and allowed the cells to migrate to the injury sites.
(In one case, they used magnetic particles to follow the process.)

Biológicas/Saúde - Modelo I Site

 www.teseprime.org
contato@teseprime.org