Coordenação editorial de:

Maria José Gonçalves

Susana Gómez-Martínez

Edição de:
X CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL A CERÂMICA MEDIEVAL NO MEDITERRÂNEO SILVES - MÉRTOLA, AUDITÓRIO DA FISSUL,
22 A 27 DE OUTUBRO DE 2012
10TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON MEDIEVAL POTTERY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN. SILVES & MÉRTOLA, 22-27 OCTOBER
2012

ORGANIZAÇÃO: CÂMARA MUNICIPAL DE SILVES, CAMPO ARQUEOLÓGICO DE MÉRTOLA

EM COLABORAÇÃO COM: AIECM2 E CEAUCP
APOIOS: FUNDAÇÃO PARA A CIÊNCIA E A TECNOLOGIA, FUNDAÇÃO CALOUSTE GULBENKIAN

COMITÉ INTERNACIONAL DO AIECM2

PRESIDENTE: SAURO GELICHI
VICE-PRESIDENTE: SUSANA GÓMEZ-MARTÍNEZ
SECRETÁRIO: JACQUES THIRIOT
TESOUREIRO: HENRI AMOURIC
SECRETÁRIO ADJUNTO: ALESSANDRA MOLINARI

MEMBROS DOS COMITÉS NACIONAIS

FRANÇA: HENRI AMOURIC, JACQUES THIRIOT, LUCY VALLAURI
ITÁLIA: SAURO GELICHI, ALESSANDRA MOLINARI, CARLO VARALDO
MAGHREB: RAHMA EL HRAIKI
MUNDO BIZANTINO: VÉRONIQUE FRANÇOIS, PLANTON PETRIDIS
PORTUGAL: MARIA ALEXANDRA LINO GASPAR, SUSANA GÓMEZ-MARTÍNEZ
ESPANHA: ALBERTO GARCIA PORRAS, MANUEL RETUERCE, JUAN ZOZAYA STABEL-HANSEN
PRÓXIMO ORIENTE: ROLAND-PIERRE GAYRAUD

ACTAS DO X CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL A CERÂMICA MEDIEVAL NO MEDITERRÂNEO. SILVES - MÉRTOLA, 22 A 27 DE

OUTUBRO DE 2012
PROCEEDINGS OF 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON MEDIEVAL POTTERY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN. SILVES &
MÉRTOLA, 22-27 OCTOBER 2012
SILVES, OUTUBRO DE 2015

EDIÇÃO /// PUBLISHER: CÂMARA MUNICIPAL DE SILVES & CAMPO ARQUEOLÓGICO DE MÉRTOLA
COORDENAÇÃO EDITORIAL /// EDITOR: MARIA JOSÉ GONÇALVES E SUSANA GÓMEZ-MARTÍNEZ
DESIGN GRÁFICO /// GRAPHIC DESIGN: RUI MACHADO
IMPRESSÃO /// PRINTING: GRÁFICA COMERCIAL DE LOULÉ

ISBN 978-972-9375-48-4
DEPÓSITO LEGAL /// LEGAL DEPOT ??????
TIRAGEM /// PRINT RUN: 500
INDICE

TEMA: 1
AS CERÂMICAS NO SEU CONTEXTO
POTTERY WITHIN ITS CONTEXT
SUSANA GÓMEZ MARTÍNEZ | MARIA JOSÉ GONÇALVES | ISABEL INÁCIO | CONSTANÇA
DOS SANTOS | CATARINA COELHO | MARCO LIBERATO | ANA SOFIA GOMES | JACINTA
BUGALHÃO | HELENA CATARINO | SANDRA CAVACO | JAQUELINA COVANEIRO | ISABEL
CRISTINA FERNANDES
1. A cidade e o seu território no Gharb al-Andalus através da cerâmica 19

ROLAND-PIERRE GAYRAUD | JEAN-CHRISTOPHE TREGLIA

2. La céramique d’une maison omeyyade de Fustât - Istabl ‘Antar (Le Caire, Égypte). Vaisselles
de table, céramiques communes et culinaire, jarres de stockage et amphores de la pièce
P5 (première moitié du VIIIe s.) 51

VÍCTOR CAÑAVATE CASTEJÓN | SONIA GUTIÉRREZ LLORET

3. Cerámica, espacio doméstico y vida social: el temprano al-Andalus en el sudeste
peninsular a la luz de El Tolmo de Minateda (Hellín, Albacete) 56

JOSÉ AVELINO GUTIÉRREZ GONZÁLEZ | JOSÉ LUIS HERNANDO GARRIDO | HORTENSIA

LARRÉN IZQUIERDO | FERNANDO MIGUEL HERNÁNDEZ | JUAN ZOZAYA STABEL-HANSEN
| CARMEN BENÉITEZ GONZÁLEZ
4. Notas sobre la cerámica en la iconografía cristiana del norte peninsular (ss. X-xii) 68

VANESSA FILIPE
5. Islamic pottery from the Évora Municipal Museum 84

MARCELLA GIORGIO
6. Ceramics and society in Pisa in Middle Ages 93

MÁRIO VARELA GOMES| ROSA VARELA GOMES

7. A Cerâmica e o Sagrado, no ribĀt da Arrifana (Aljezur, Portugal) (Séc. XII) 106

FRANCESCO M. P. CARRERA | BEATRICE FATIGHENTI | CATERINA TOSCANI

8. Le Ceramiche e le Attività produttive. Recenti acquisizioni da un quartiere artigianale
di chinzica (Pi) 114

9(61$%,.,ü
9. Context, Character and Typology of Pottery from the Eleventh and Twelfth Century
Danube Fortresses: Case Studies from Morava and BraniČevo 125

VALENTINA VEZZOLI
10. The area of Bustan Nassif (Baalbek) between the 12th and the early 15th cent.: the
ceramic evidence 133

ELENA SALINAS
11. Uso y consumo de la cerámica almohade en Córdoba (España) 139

MARCELLO ROTILI
12. Aspetti della produzione in campania nel basso medioevo 148

ALESSANDRA MOLINARI | VALERIA BEOLCHINI | ILARIA DE LUCA | CHIARA DE SANTIS

EMANUELA FRESI | LAURA ORLANDI | GIORGIO RASCAGLIA | MARCO RICCI | JACOPO RUSSO
13. Stili di vita, produzioni e scambi: la città di roma a confronto con altri siti del lazio.
Secoli ix-xv 158

SILVINA SILVÉRIO | ELISABETE BARRADAS

14. A cerâmica medieval e tardo-medieval na beira interior: materiais provenientes dos
castelos de castelo novo e penamacor (sécs. Xii – xvi) 180

ISABEL MARIA FERNANDES

15. A cerâmica e seu uso em portugal, a partir de posturas, taxas e regimentos de oleiros (séc.
Xii a xviii): a análise de algumas peças 188

MARGHERITA FERRI | CECILIA MOINE | LARA SABBIONESI

16. The sound of silence. Scratched marks on late medieval and early modern pottery from
nunneries: Practice and significance 203
 HENRI AMOURIC | LUCY VALLAURI
17. La vie de château d’un vaisselier : Roquevaire près Marseille, 1593 215

ALEXANDRA GASPAR | ANA GOMES

18. Recipíentes de medidas da cidade de Lisboa 229

ANDREIA AREZES
19. Formas cerâmicas e seu significado simbólico na Alta Idade Média 236

VICTORIA AMORÓS RUIZ

20. La estratigrafía como herramienta 242

CRISTINA CAMACHO CRUZ

21. Candiles de piquera. Uso y morfología en la Córdoba del siglo X 248

SARA ALMEIDA | ALEXANDRE VALINHO | JOÃO NUNO MARQUES

22. Conjunto medieval cerâmico no contexto da linha de muralha de Cacela Velha (Portugal) 253

SILVINA SILVÉRIO | ELISABETE BARRADAS

23. Ocupação islâmica na vertente sudoeste da várzea de aljezur – o sítio da barrada e a
envolvente da igreja matriz de n. Sra. Da alva 257

MARIA JOÃO DE SOUSA

24. Uma habitação do século XI/XII sob a muralha do Castelo dos Mouros de Sintra –
Evidências arqueológicas de um contexto doméstico 262

MANUEL JESÚS LINARES LOSA

25. Un nuevo lote cerámico del poblado fortificado medieval de “el castillejo” (los
guájares, granada). La casa 7 266

MARIA INÊS RAIMUNDO | VANESSA DIAS

26. Al-Madan e o seu Contexto na Península Ibérica 271

VANESSA FILIPE | CLEMENTINO AMARO

27. Castle of Torres Vedras. Archaeological perspectives on a medieval context 275

ALBERTO GARCÍA PORRAS | MANUEL JESÚS LINARES LOSA

MOISÉS ALONSO VALLADARES | LAURA MARTÍN RAMOS
28. De castillo fronterizo nazarí a fortaleza castellana. Los materiales cerámicos del
entorno de la torre del homenaje del castillo de moclín (granada) 279

PILAR LAFUENTE IBÁÑEZ

29. Cerámica mudéjar sevillana hallada en la excavación del solar  nº 16 de la calle cervantes
de coria del río (sevilla, españa). Los materiales del pozo b 285

SARA ALMEIDA | SUSANA TEMUDO

30. Cerâmica do século XIII, no contexto do Bairro Judaico de Coimbra (Portugal) 291

TÂNIA MANUEL CASIMIRO | TELMO SILVA | DÁRIO NEVES | CAROLINA SANTOS*

31. Cerâmicas Medievais da Rua da Corredoura (Évora) 298

ALBERTO LÓPEZ MULLOR

32. La cerámica del mas montgròs, el brull (barcelona), siglos xi-xv 303

ANTÓNIO MANUEL S. P. SILVA | MANUELA C. S. RIBEIRO

33. Cerâmicas medievais (sécs. Ix-xii) do castelo de arouca (n. Portugal) 310

M. CARMEN RIU DE MARTÍN

34. Ladrilleros barceloneses de la primera mitad del siglo xv 318

ALEXANDRA GASPAR | ANA GOMES

35. Cerâmicas pintadas a branco do século xv/xvi encontradas no castelo de s. Jorge, lisboa,
portugal 326

LUÍS SERRÃO GIL

36. Entre tachos e panelas: cerâmica medieval do silo do castelo de Porto de Mós 333
 MARIA RAFFAELLA CATALDO
37. Ceramica rivestita dal castello di Circello (Benevento) 340

GONÇALO LOPES | JOSÉ RUI SANTOS

38. Cerâmicas islâmicas da natatio das termas romanas de Évora 346

MARIA JOSÉ GONÇALVES

39. Contributo para o estudo dos utensílios do quotidiano de um Arrabalde islâmico de
Silves: a cerâmica decorada a verde e manganês 353

TEMA: 2
CERÂMICA E ALIMENTAÇÃO
POTTERY AND FOOD
JOANITA VROOM
40. The archaeology of consumption in the eastern Mediterranean: A ceramic perspective 359

F. CANTINI | S. G. BUONINCONTRI | B. FATIGHENTI

41. Ceramica e alimentazione nel Medio Valdarno inferiore medievale: il caso di San Genesio
(San Miniato-Pi) 368

JAQUELINA COVANEIRO | SANDRA CAVACO

42. Entre tachos e panelas: a evolução das formas de cozinha (Tavira) 377

JUAN ZOZAYA
43. Cacharros, fuegos, comidas, servicios, escrituras… 387

TÂNIA MANUEL CASIMIRO | LUÍS DE BARROS

44. De quem são estas ollas? Comer, beber, armazenar Em Almada no século XIII 392

TEMA: 3
O MEDITERRÂNEO E O ATLÂNTICO
THE MEDITERRANEAN AND THE ATLANTIC
ANTÓNIO MANUEL S. P. SILVA | PEDRO PEREIRA | TERESA P. CARVALHO
45. Conjuntos cerâmicos do Castelo de Crestuma (Vila Nova de Gaia, N. Portugal). primeiros
elementos para uma sequência longa (sécs. Iv-xi) 401

JORGE DE JUAN ARES | YASMINA CÁCERES GUTIÉRREZ | MARÍA DEL CRISTO GONZÁLEZ
MARRERO | MIGUEL ÁNGEL HERVÁS HERRERA | JORGE ONRUBIA PINTADO
46. Objetos para un espacio y un tiempo de frontera: el material cerámico de fum asaca en
sbuya, provincia de sidi ifni, marruecos (ss. Xv-xvi) 420

HUGO BLAKE | MICHAEL J. HUGHES

47. The mediterranean and the atlantic archaeometrical research on the provenance of
‘mediterranean maiolica’ and italian pottery found in great britain 432

HENRI AMOURIC | GUERGANA GUIONOVA | LUCY VALLAURI

48. Céramiques aux îlles d’Amérique. la part de la Méditerranée (XVIIe-XIXe s.) 440

RODRIGO BANHA DA SILVA | ADRIAAN DE MAN

49. Palácio dos Condes de Penafiel: a significant late antique context from Lisbon 455

MARCO LIBERATO | HELENA SANTOS

50. Circulação de materiais setentrionais na Santarém medieval 461

MIGUEL BUSTO ZAPICO | JOSÉ AVELINO GUTIÉRREZ GONZÁLEZ | ROGELIO ESTRADA

GARCÍA
51. Las lozas de la casa carbajal solís, punto de encuentro entre el mediterráneo y el norte
de europa 466

ARMANDO SABROSA† | INÊS PINTO COELHO | JACINTA BUGALHÃO

52. As porcelanas da Sé da Cidade Velha, Ilha de Santiago, Cabo Verde 473
 TEMA: 4
EVOLUÇÃO E TRANSFERÊNCIA DAS TÉCNICAS
EVOLUTION AND TRANSFER OF TECHNIQUES
JOAN NEGRE PÉREZ
53. Producciones cerámicas en el distrito de ţurţūša entre la antigüedad tardía y el
mundo islámico (siglos vi-xii) 483

KONSTANTINOS T. RAPTIS
54. Brick and tile producing workshops in the outskirts of thessaloniki from fifth to
fifteenth century: a study of the firing technology that has been diachronically
applied in the ceramic workshops of a large byzantine urban center 493

LÍDIA FERNANDES | JOÃO COROADO | MARCO CALADO | CHIARA COSTANTINO

55. Ocupação medieval islâmica no Museu de Lisboa -Teatro Romano de Lisboa: O caso do
aproveitamento do post scaenium no decurso do século XII 509

ROSALIND A WADE HADDON

56. What was cooking in Aleppo in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries? 519

IBRAHIM SHADDOUD
57. Production de poterie chez les Nizarites de Syrie  : l’atelier de Massyaf (milieu XIIe-
premier tiers du XIVe siècle) 525

SERGIO ESCRIBANO-RUIZ | JOSE LUIS SOLAUN BUSTINZA

58. La introducción y normalización de la cerámica vidriada en el Cantábrico Oriental a
la luz del registro cerámico de Vitoria-Gasteiz (siglos XII-XV) 534

JAUME COLL CONESA | JOSEP PÉREZ CAMPS | MARTA CAROSCIO | JUDIT MOLERA
TRINITAT PRADELL | GLORIA MOLINA
59. Arqueología, arqueometría y cadenas operativas de la cerámica de Manises localizada
en el solar Fábricas nº 1 (Barri d’Obradors, Manises, campaña 2011) 549

JACQUES THIRIOT | DAVID OLLIVIER | VÉRONIQUE RINALDUCCI

60. Fouiller les encyclopédistes : transfert de modèles aux Antilles françaises 560

ELENA SALINAS | JUAN ZOZAYA

61. Pechina: el antecedente de las cerámicas vidriadas islámicas en al-andalus 573

GUERGANA GUIONOVA | ROCCO RANTE

62. Aperçu sur la production des ateliers de Paykend, Oasis de Bukhara, Ouzbékistan 577

KRINO P. KONSTANTINIDOU | KONSTANTINOS T. RAPTIS

63. Archaeological evidence of an ELEVENtH-century kiln with rods in Thessaloniki 589

LAURA APARICIO SÁNCHEZ

64. El alfar cordobés de Ollerías y sus producciones (siglos XII-XIII) 596

SERGEY BOCHAROV | ANDREY MASLOWSKIY

65. The Eastern Crimean Centers of Glaze Pottery Production in 13th and 14th centuries 604

JAUME COLL CONESA | CLODOALDO ROLDÁN GARCÍA

66. Composición del pigmento de cobalto y cronología de la azulejería medieval de Manises
(Valencia) conservada en el Museo Nacional de Cerámica 608

JULIA BELTRÁN DE HEREDIA BERCERO | CLAUDIO CAPELLI | ROBERTA DI FEBO

MARISOL MADRID I FERNÁNDEZ | ROBERTA DI FEBO | JAUME BUXEDA I GARRIGÓS
67. Imitaciones de ceràmicas à taches noires en barcelona en el s. Xviii. Datos arqueológicos
y arqueométricos 613

ANNA RIDOVICS | BERNADETT BAJNÓCZI | GÉZA NAGY | MÁRIA TÓTH

68. The transfer of the tin-glazed faience technology by hutterite anabaptists to east-
central europe during 16th and 17th centuries 619
 TEMA: 5
CERÂMICA E COMÉRCIO
CERAMICS AND TRADING
YASEMIN BAGCI VROOM
69. A New Look on Medieval Ceramics from the Old Gözlükule Excavations: A Preliminary
Presentation 627

EVELINA TODOROVA
70. Policy and trade in the northern periphery of the eastern mediterranean: amphora
evidence from present-day bulgaria (7th–14th centuries) 637

ISABEL CRISTINA FERNANDES | CLAIRE DÉLÉRY | SUSANA GÓMEZ | MARIA JOSÉ

GONÇALVES | ISABEL INÁCIO | CONSTANÇA DOS SANTOS | CATARINA COELHO
MARCO LIBERATO | ANA SOFIA GOMES | JACINTA BUGALHÃO | HELENA CATARINO
SANDRA CAVACO | JAQUELINA COVANEIRO
71. O comércio da corda seca no gharb al-andalus 649

CLAUDIO FILIPPO MANGIARACINA

72. La Sicilia islamica: produzione, circolazione e consumo di ceramica (IX-pieno XI secolo) 667

GUERGANA GUIONOVA
73. Céramique d’importation du XIVe au XVIIe s. en Bulgarie 681

INÉS Mª CENTENO CEA | ÁNGEL L. PALOMINO LÁZARO | MANUEL MORATINOS GARCÍA

Mª J. NEGREDO GARCÍA | J.E. SANTAMARÍA GONZÁLEZ
74. Cerámica de cocina rugosa de pastas claras/campurriana versus cerámica granítica/
zamorana. Patrones de distribución y expansión en época bajomedieval y en la transición
a la edad moderna en el norte de castilla y león 692

VASSILEIOS D. KOROSIS
75. Consumption and importation of ceramics in a fairly unknown site of late Roman
Greece. A case study from Megara, Attica, Greece 701

NATALIA GUINKUT | VICTOR LEBEDINSKI | JULIA PRONINA

76. Medieval amphorae from shipwrecks near Chersones Taurica 707

VICTOR FILIPE | MARCO CALADO | SANDRA GUERRA | ANTÓNIO VALONGO

JOÃO LEÓNIDAS | ROMÃO RAMOS | MARGARIDA ROCHA | JACINTA COSTA | NATALIA GINKUT
77. A cerâmica de importação no arrabalde ocidental de luxbuna (lisboa). Dados preliminares
da intervenção realizada no hotel de santa justa 711

SYLVIE YONA WAKSMAN

78. Late medieval pottery production in South Western Crimea: laboratory investigations
of ceramics from Cembalo (region of Sebastopol / Chersonesos)* 719

RAFFAELLA CARTA
79. La ceramica italiana indicatore del commercio tra il mediterraneo occidentale e
l’atlantico (secoli xv-xvii) 724

JULIA BELTRÁN DE HEREDIA BERCERO | NÚRIA MIRÓ I ALAIX

80. Barcelona y el comercio interior de cerámica en el siglo xvii y principios del xviii:
vilafranca del penedés (barcelona), teruel, villafeliche y muel (zaragoza), valencia,
talavera de la reina (toledo), sevilla y portugal 729

TEMA: 6
NOVAS DESCOBERTAS
NEW DISCOVERIES
RICARDO COSTEIRA DA SILVA
81. Medieval pottery from the forum of aeminium (Coimbra, Portugal) : a proposal of
chrono-typological evolution 739
 ABDALLAH FILI
82. Le décor de la céramique de Fès à l’époque mérinide, typologie et statistiques 750

SOPHIE GILOTTE | YASMINA CÁCERES GUTIÉRREZ | JORGE DE JUAN ARES

83. Un ajuar de época almorávide procedente de Albalat (Cáceres, Extremadura) 763

MARCO LIBERATO
84. A pintura a branco na Santarém medieval. Séculos XI a XVI 777

THIERRY JULLIEN | MOHAMED KBIRI ALAOUI | VIRGINIE BRIDOUX | ABDELFATTAH

ICHKHAKH | EMELINE GRISONI | CÉLINE BRUN | SÉVERINE LECLERCQ | HICHAM
HASSINI | HALIMA NAJI
85. Les céramiques mérinides de kouass (asilah-briech, maroc) 792

ELVANA METALLA
86. La céramique médiévale en Albanie : relations entre les productions byzantines
et italiennes 807

ANDRÉ TEIXEIRA | AZZEDDINE KARRA | PATRÍCIA CARVALHO

87. La céramique médiévale d’Azemmour (Maroc) : données préliminaires sur des vestiges de
production potière 819

EBRU FATMA FINDIK

88. Medieval Glazed Ceramics from Myra and New Results 831

SERGEY BOCHAROV | ANDREY MASLOWSKIY | AIRAT SITDIKOV

89. The Kashi pottery in the Western Regions of Golden Horde 840

ÉLVIO DUARTE MARTINS SOUSA | FERNANDO CASTRO

90. Novos dados químicos de formas de pão-de açúcar produzidas em Portugal:
séculos XV a XVI 846

ALEXANDRA GASPAR | ANA GOMES

91. Cerâmicas comuns da Antiguidade Tardia provenientes do Claustro da Sé de
Lisboa – Portugal 851

Mª TERESA XIMÉNEZ DE EMBÚN SÁNCHEZ

92. Tipos y contextos cerámicos en el yacimiento emiral del Cabezo Pardo (San Isidro,
Alicante). Una breve reflexión sobre la cultura material en el SE Peninsular 861

CRISTINA GONZALEZ
93. Quinta da Granja 1: cerâmica emiral de um povoado da Estremadura 866

DÉBORA MARCELA KISS

94. La cerámica del Tossal del Moro (Benilloba, Alacant). Primeros resultados del estudio
de los fondos depositados en el Centre d´Estudis Contestans 875

CRISTINA GARCIA | PATRÍCIA DORES | CATARINA OLIVEIRA | MIGUEL GODINHO

95. Tipologia e funcionalidade nas cerâmicas da casa i do bairro islâmico do poço antigo
em cacela-a-velha 882

MANUEL RETUERCE VELASCO | MANUEL MELERO SERRANO

96. Azulejos almohades vidriados a molde de calatrava la vieja (1195-1212) 887

ANA CRISTINA RAMOS | MIGUEL SERRA

97. Novos dados sobre halqal-zawiya (Lagos, Portugal) 893

KAREN ÁLVARO | M. DOLORES LÓPEZ | ESTHER TRAVÉ

98. Una nueva contribución al estudio de la loza barcelonesa decorada en verde
y manganeso 900

CARLOS BOAVIDA
99. Medieval pottery from the castle of Castelo Branco (Portugal) 906

FRANCISCO MELERO GARCÍA

100. Pottery of the nasrid period of cártama (málaga) 912
 CONSTANÇA GUIMARÃES DOS SANTOS | ELISA ALBUQUERQUE
101. A Capela de São Pedro da Capinha através dos materiais: a cerâmica medieval 917

RICARDO COSTEIRA DA SILVA

102. “Traços mouriscos” na cerâmica do século XV do antigo Paço Episcopal de Coimbra
(Museu Nacional de Machado de Castro) 924

IRYNA TESLENKO
103. Crimean Local Glazed Pottery of the 15th century 928

MARIA JOSÉ GONÇALVES

104. Cerâmica em Corda Seca de um Arrabalde Islâmico de Silves: contributo para o seu estudo 934
 TEMA: 1

AS CERÂMICAS NO SEU CONTEXTO

POTTERY WITHIN ITS CONTEXT
Vesna BIKIĆ

CONTEXT, CHARACTER AND TYPOLOGY OF POTTERY FROM

THE ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH CENTURY DANUBE FORTRESSES:
CASE STUDIES FROM MORAVA AND BRANIČEVO
Abstract: Ceramics from sites along the Danube, especially those coming from the recently renewed excavations at Braničevo and Margum/Morava,
provide a solid ground for proposing pottery chronology for the Danube Region. The results of stratigraphic analyses conducted at the most important
Danube fortresses indicate that there were three main chronological phases of Byzantine occupation: the earliest one encompasses a century-long
occupation of the Late Roman fortifications, starting from the second decade of the eleventh century; the second phase spans the middle and the second
half of the twelfth century, i.e. the time of intense Byzantine presence at the Danube frontier; the third phase belongs to the time shortly postdating the
withdrawal of the Empire from the border, right at the end of the twelfth century. The most telling pottery contexts from all three phases are discussed
and a preliminary chronology of pottery classes is presented, including cooking pots, table vessels and transport containers – amphoras.

Resumé: La poterie  des localités situées  le long du Danube, provenant des récentes fouilles de Braničevo et Margum,  fournit  une base solide  à
une  chronologie  relative  de la poterie dans la région du Danube. Les résultats des analyses  stratigraphiques  des plus importantes  forteresses
danubienne  indiquent trois  principalesphases chronologiques  de l’occupation   byzantine:   la   première phase, marquée par l’occupation des
anciennes fortifications de l’antiquité tardive, englobe la deuxième décennie du XIe et la première moitié du XIIe siècle; la deuxième phase révèle la
présence intense des Byzantins le long de la frontière danubienne au milieu et dans la seconde moitiédu XIIe siècle et la troisième phase marque le
retrait de Byzance de la frontière danubienne à la fin du XIIe siècle. Les contextes de chaque phase sont discutées et une chronologie préliminaire da la
poterie, y compris les casseroles, la vaisselle de table et les conteneurs de transport – amphores, est proposée.

INTRODUCTION archaeological insight into the processes of consolidation,

The Byzantine reconquest of the Balkans at the beginning
of the eleventh century brought great changes to this part
of Europe. For the first time since Slavic migrations the
northern border of the Empire was set along the Danube,
and the Danube fortresses once again became a principal
concern of Byzantine policy. Excavations at the sites in the
Danube Region, particularly in Belgrade, Braničevo, Dristra,
Păcuiul lui Soare, and Garvăn, to date have provided valuable
settlement, and warfare on the re-established frontier of the
Empire. Nevertheless, Braničevo and Morava held a unique
place among the military and administrative centres on
the Danube, not just for having been important strategic
points, but also the episcopal seats (PIRIVATRIĆ, 1997).
Their intertwined destinies during the eleventh and twelfth
centuries and the preservation of the layers of occupation
were clearly confirmed even at the early stages of the research.
The finds from the two sites should therefore provide a solid

Fig.1 Byzantine fortresses along the Danube

126 AS CERÂMICAS NO SEU CONTEXTO - POTTERY WITHIN ITS CONTEXT
Fig.2 Pottery assemblage from the Mali Kalemegdan context, the first
phase (photo: Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade)
ground for proposing the pottery chronology for the Danube
Region, to leave aside the ongoing excavations at other sites
along the Danube (fig.1). Adding to existing knowledge of
pottery types and vessel shapes, this research has enabled a
broader perception of the character of pottery finds.
HISTORICAL RECORD
For the Byzantines, the Danube River was a natural frontier
of the Empire. It was also the political and cultural border,
as eloquently explained by Paul Stephenson: “The notion of
the natural frontier is profoundly politicized, and culturally
proscriptive: it marks the barrier and point of transition
between ‘self’ and ‘other’ in many historical contexts. In
medieval Byzantium the frontier delimited the oikoumene,
and marked the point of transition from the civilized world
to the barbarian (STEPHENSON, 2004: 5).”
Centuries after Justinian’s era, the border of the Empire was
restored as a consequence of complex military campaigns
led by John I Tzimisces (969-976) and Basil II (976-1025).
It is likely that two administrative districts (themes) have
been established in the Balkan Danube Region. Paristrion
– literally the lands along the Danube – was stretching from
the southern bank of the Lower Danube in present-day
Romania and Bulgaria, and Sirmium stretching from the
Sava River to Niš (Roman Naissus) in what is now Serbia
(MAKSIMOVIĆ, 1997; STEPHENSON, 2004: 55-58;
HOLMES, 2005: 423-428; KRSMANOVIĆ, 2008: 133-
148 and 191-203, with references; MADGEARU, 2013:
59-100). In the following two centuries the Danube frontier
was constantly in the sphere of active Byzantine politics. The
Byzantines endeavored to strengthen their authority in the
northern Balkans, which was threatened by the expansion
of the Hungarians and Venice and the attacks by the Rus’,
Cumans and Pechenegs (STEPHENSON, 2004: 47-111;
MADGEARU, 2013: 115-166). Particularly significant
military operations were undertaken by Komnenian
emperors John II (1118-1143) and Manuel I (1143-1180),
in order to defend the most important strongholds on the
Middle Danube.
Fig.3 Pottery from Morava, the first phase: a) cooking vessels; b) green
glazed vessel (photo: Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade)
The Byzantine reconquest of the Balkans and restoration of
the Danube border have been followed by huge building
activities. The Byzantines restored Roman forts along the
Danube and built new ones at the main strategic points.
This has been proved at Sirmium/Sremska Mitrovica,
Singidunum/Belgrade, Margum/Morava (present-day
Dubravica), Braničevo (present-day Kostolac near the
Roman town of Viminacium), Taliata/Donji Milanovac,
Pontes/Kostol, Iatrus/Krivina, Durostorum/Dristra,
Capidava (in the Constanta County), Dinogetia/Garvan,
Noviodunum/Isaccea, Aegyssus/Tulcea, and in the Roman
and Byzantine forts in Nufăru (MADGEARU, 2013: 101-
114, with references). The most impressive fortification
system was set in Dobrudja, consisting of Păcuiul lui Soare
on the river isle and two neighbouring forts at Dervent
and Oltina. It was initially built to prevent Rus’ attacks on
Dristra (MADGEARU, 2013: 110-112 and fig.7). Similarly,
the zone most exposed to Hungarian attacks, which was also
the strategic key to the Morava valley, was defended by two
forts, Braničevo and Morava (POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ
1988; IVANIŠEVIĆ, BUGARSKI 2012).
In a strategic sense, after 971 Morava was the most
significant fortress and town in the Middle Danube Region,
hence the Episcopal seat. At one point, at the latest in 1019
when the Ohrid archbishopric was established, bishopric
seat was moved to Braničevo; yet one can only speculate on
 COMUNICAÇÃO
Fig.4 Pottery assemblage from the suburb of Braničevo, the second
phase (photo: Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade)
the exact year and cause of this relocation (PIRIVATRIĆ,
1997: 173-182). Also, there are no mentiones of the Morava
fortress in written sources after the beginning of the twelfth
century, while plenty of notices on Braničevo have been
preserved, all of them related to the military campaign
against the Hungarians (POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ, 1988:
125-127, with references). The archaeological data, being
complementary to the written record, can shed some more
light on this issue. The results of the ongoing archaeological
research provide convincing evidence for an intense
occupation of the Morava fort during the eleventh and
twelfth centuries, including the period after the relocation of
the episcopal seat to Braničevo (BIKIĆ ET ALII, 2012: 101-
103). On the other hand, as the town grew bigger, intense
Fig.5 Braničevo, vessels from house no. 1, the third phase (photo:
Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade)
127
building activity can be clearly observed in the twelfth
century Braničevo (POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ, 1988: 130-
133).
POTTERY IN CONTEXT
As a rule, archaeological contexts dating to the eleventh
and twelfth centuries are very rich in pottery. In addition,
the distribution of pottery in all the above mentioned sites
indicates extensive use of space, which suits to a wide range
of building activities and speaks in favour of an intensive
settlement process. The period of Byzantine rule in the
Danube Region can be determined on the basis of findings of
coins and seals, spanning from the time of Constantine VII
Porphyrogennetos (913-959) and John  I Tzimiskes (925-
976) to Bulgarian and Latin imitative coinage from 1195
to 1204/61 (e.g. MADGEARU, 2013: 101-160, with
references). However, the results of stratigraphic analyses
conducted at the most important Danube fortresses
indicate that there were three main chronological phases of
occupation inside them. The phases are represented by the
remains of houses, ovens and waste pits.
The earliest phase encompasses the occupation of Late
Roman fortifications and settling in the suburbs. This
process can be followed from the second decade of the
eleventh century and for a century onwards. Numismatic
evidence of the beginning of this horizon consists of the
class A2 anonymous folles (976 – ca. 1030/5) and the coins
attributable to Emperor Basil II (POPOVIĆ, 1978: 189-
193; IVANIŠEVIĆ 1993: 79-92; STEPHENSON, 2004:
65-66). Houses and pits dug through the Late Roman and/
or Early Mediaeval occupation layers are common features
of this phase, as shown in Belgrade, Morava, Kostol, Dristra,
Păcuiul lui Soare, and Garvan (BIKIĆ, 1994, 15-17; BIKIĆ
ET ALII, 2012: 102; KIRILOV, KOLEVA 2008: 237-
240, Abb. 7-9; DIACONU, VILCEANU, 1972: 53-55;
MADGEARU, 2013: 105-115, 145-147).
Some of the most illustrative eleventh century pottery
contexts come from Belgrade and Morava, depicting the
production styles of the time. Two very important pottery
assemblages were found in Belgrade. From the Upper Town
context dated by the class A2 anonymous follis come shards
of about twenty pots of similar shape and technological
features and fragments of several round-bellied amphoras
(BIKIĆ, 1994: 17,fig.3). Then, over forty vessels originate
from the Mali Kalemegdan context, which is of a somewhat
later date (fig.2; JANKOVIĆ, 1983; BIKIĆ, 1994: 17,
fig.4). In the course of the 2011 excavations at Morava,
numerous remains from the same time were observed
coming from houses and waste pits, one of them also being
well-dated by a coin of Emperor Basil II. Among cooking
pots, the green-glazed vessel with handles in the form of bird
heads was found (fig.3; BIKIĆ ET ALII, 2012: 102, fig.3).
Most of the cooking pottery shows a very similar production
style. Medium-sized pots were much more numerous than
simple conical bowls. They were all decorated with incised
linear motifs in combination with notches. At most sites
from this time, only one kind of tableware is represented in
128 AS CERÂMICAS NO SEU CONTEXTO - POTTERY WITHIN ITS CONTEXT
Fig.6 Main pottery types from Belgrade and Braničevo: the first phase
(1-4), the second phase (5-9), the third phase (10-13)
pottery assemblages – green glazed pottery. The inclusion
of the Middle Danube Region in the Byzantine supply
system is particularly confirmed by the finds of round-
bellied amphoras, although more such findings have been
Fig.7 Table pottery types: green glazed jugs (1-4), red painted vessels (5-7, 12-14), Byzantine glazed pottery (8-11)
registered in the Lower Danube area (BJELAJAC, 1989:
109-115, fig.2/1-4, 3/1-2; TODOROVA, 2007: 132-134,
fig.2-3; AUREL, 2012: 54-61, Figs. 1-3; BIKIĆ, 1994: 58,
Fig. 21/3-4; GARAŠANIN ET ALII, 1984: 46).
The second phase marks the time of the intense presence
of the Byzantines along the Danube frontier in the middle
and the second half of the twelfth century, determined by
military operations led by John II and Manuel I against the
Hungarians. The archaeological layers dated to this period
are rather thick, with a wealth of material, especially pottery,
dated by coins of the two emperors of the Komnenos dinasty.
The finds from this phase have been most completely
observed at Braničevo, while pottery from that time was also
found in Belgrade and Morava.
Back in the 1980s, part of a settlement was excavated in the
suburb of the Braničevo fortress. Remains of seven houses
were uncovered, together with ovens grouped in three
separate areas between them (POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ
1988: 133-135, fig.5). The houses were simple wooden
structures, dug about 50 cm into the soil or built on stone
substructures. Similarly to the first phase, cooking vessels
dominate the assemblage, but here are represented by
ovoid pots of somewhat different style (fig.4; POPOVIĆ,
IVANIŠEVIĆ 1988: 142-150, Figs. 15-21). Besides green
glazed pottery, already introduced in the previous phase,
there are well-known Byzantine wares, as fine as painted
sgraffito, champléve, and jugs with red painted decoration
over silver slip. Burnished pottery of Bulgarian provenance
appears too. One should mention that the same pottery
classes, primarily cooking pots, occur in similar habitation
contexts at Morava, as indicated by the outcomes of recent
 COMUNICAÇÃO 129

excavations there. On the other hand, stratigraphic contexts

of the same date from Belgrade were mainly related to major
construction work on the fortifications (BIKIĆ, 1994: 44-
58, Figs. 5-7, 16-21). The number of amphoras was on the
increase in all the mentioned contexts.

In addition, the recent excavations at the Braničevo fortress,

the Mali Grad site, revealed a unique pottery assemblage
(SPASIĆ ĐURIĆ, 2011: 45-113). Some fifty vessels have
been uncovered to date in a very simple but relatively large
two-roomed wooden building. As is usual, these are mostly
cooking pots of rather uniform characteristics, both formal
and technological. Nevertheless, the assemblage includes
a set of ceramic (and glass) tableware of high quality, for
example champléve and painted bowls and plates, glazed and
burnished jugs, a kind of a burnished kettle, and a falten-
becher with glazed surface, as well as a porcelain plate. Judging
by a coin of Manuel I Komnenos found at the floor, the
context dates to the middle of the twelfth century (the coin
belongs to the first issue, struck 1143/1152). The building
was completely burnt down. Owing to a large fire its wooden
construction, floor, and furniture have been demolished, and
even some ceramic vessels were greatly deformed. Although
the excavations of this building are not completed yet, by the
structure uncovered so far, by luxurious ceramic and glass
tableware and by some other finds, including weaponry, Fig.8 Amphora types (1-3), burnished amphora-like jug (4)
historical background of the context may well be suggested.
One can assume that there was a military camp of either
John II or Manuel I at this very place (BIKIĆ, POPOVIĆ established. As one can see from the previous discussion,
2012: 661), the written testimony of which we find in in the course of the time pottery underwent significant
the works of Joannes Kinnamos and Niketas Choniates changes, even though some common trends could be
(KALIĆ, RADOŠEVIĆ-MAKSIMOVIĆ 1997: 7-8, 12-14, observed throughout the region, at all chronological levels.
117-118, 130). These trends do not only concern formal and technological
aspects of pottery, but the commercial ones as well.
The third phase marks the time shortly after the withdrawal
of Byzantium from the Danube border, which happened Pottery from the earliest contexts, dating from the eleventh
right at the end of the twelfth century. At present, this phase and early twelfth centuries, keeps to the early-medieval pottery
can be clearly distinguished only in the suburb of Braničevo, tradition to a large extent. This is shown on the example of
where six houses from that time have been excavated pottery from the Middle Danube Region (Fig. 6/1-4), and
(POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ 1988: 135-138, Figs. 22-23). the same trend can be observed in the repertoire of finds
The pottery assemblages from floor-levels were dated by from the Lower Danube fortresses. Cooking pottery of very
Bulgarian and Latin imitative coinage, issued between 1195 similar production style predominates, particularly medium-
and 1204/61. Cooking vessels from this stratigraphic phase sized pots and simple conical bowls, the first ones having
differ from those previously mentioned, particularly due to been found in considerably greater numbers (ŞTEFAN
the quantity of mica in their structures, and vessel profiles ET ALII, 1967: Fig. 77; DIACONU, VILCEANU, 1972:
were different too (fig.5). These are mainly globular and bag- Figs. 27-29). Cooking pots bear distinct characteristics of
shaped vessels with wide base and simple linear decoration the Balkan–Danube production style, especially for having
incised on upper parts of the pots. Cauldrons also appear, been made on the slowly rotating potter’s wheel and fired at
not present in earlier stages. As another peculiarity, both relatively low temperature. Very dark coloration of vessels,
tableware and amphoras are missing from these assemblages. in shades of dark red and dark grey, came as a consequence
of such practice. Incised linear decoration combined with
CHRONOLOGY OF POTTERY CLASSES punctures and notches made with finger, nail or tool was
common on pottery of this date.
The contents of the presented units are sufficiently variant to
permit proposing a clear chronology of pottery classes from Tableware is predominantly represented by green-glazed
the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The characteristics of the pottery (fig.7/1-4; ŞTEFAN ET ALII, 1967: 230-238, Figs.
pottery from the Middle Danube sites, a matter discussed 142-145; DIACONU, VILCEANU, 1972: 89-102, Figs.
above, can also be seen in the Lower Danube Region. 33-42; BARNÉA, 1989: 137-138, Figs. 6-7; BARASCHI,
Therefore, a reliable chronology of phenomena related to DAMIAN, 1993: 237-243; KIRILOV, KOLEVA, 2008:
pottery in the wider area of the Danube frontier can be 239, Abb. 9/1-5; KOLEVA, 2008). The distribution of
130 AS CERÂMICAS NO SEU CONTEXTO - POTTERY WITHIN ITS CONTEXT
this kind of pottery was rather restricted, mainly to the
area along the Danube and to the Delta (Dobruja), so one
could presume that their place of manufacture was situated
somewhere in the Black Sea coastal area.
The inclusion of the Middle Danube Region in the Byzantine
supply system is confirmed by the findings of Byzantine
pottery, first of all amphoras, as these were used for the
transport of military provisions. The round-bellied amphoras
make the most numerous group, and thanks to the nearness
of the Black Sea trading posts even more such findings have
been registered in the Lower Danube Region (ŞTEFAN
ET ALII, 1967: 249-259, Figs. 154-157; BARNÉA, 1989:
131-134, Figs. 1- 3; TODOROVA, 2007: 132-134, Figs.
2-3; AUREL, 2012: 54-61, Figs. 1-3; BIKIĆ, 1994: 58, Fig.
21/3-4; MARJANOVIĆ-VUJOVIĆ, 1984: 46).
In the twelfth century ceramics underwent substantial
changes, although the basic features of production were
preserved (Fig. 6/5-9). In contrast to the previous group,
pottery from the second phase contexts was made on the fast
potter’s wheel. This resulted in a somewhat different overall
appearance of pottery and in a higher level of standardisation
in both formal and technological terms, encompassing
differentiated types in several volumes of pots, reduced
decoration, and uniformity of raw materials and firing
temperatures; therefore the colours of vessels are brighter
than they used to be, in shades of red and reddish-brown.
As particularly striking details stand out accentuated rim
and decoration limited to the upper part of the vessel, in the
form of horizontal incisions with a line of notches made with
finger, nail or tool above it. Among cooking vessels, pots
with handle occur in this phase, as well as several variations
of bowls (e.g. BIKIĆ, 1994: Figs. 5/14-16, 6/10-11, 16/1-
16).
Having been used for regular supplies to the army, amphoras
are relatively common finds in fortresses along the Danube.
Viewed as a whole, several types of them appear in great
numbers, first of all particular variations of large round-
bellied amphoras, also present in the previous phase (Fig.
8; BJELAJAC, 1989: 111-115, Figs. 2-3; ŞTEFAN ET
ALII, 1967: 257-268; Figs. 159-162; TODOROVA,
2007: 132-140, Figs. 1-7, Pls. I-III). The inclusion of the
Danube fortresses in trading processes is mirrored also in the
luxurious tableware finds. Variations of sgraffito pottery –
fine sgraffito, painted sgraffito, and champlevé wares - were
introduced to assemblages from the second phase, again in
greater numbers in localities in the Lower Danube Region
(Fig. 7/8-11; ŞTEFAN ET ALII, 1967: 244-249, Figs. 150-
152; BARASCHI, DAMIAN, 1993: 245-247, Figs. 6-7).
In addition, some specific kinds of wares have also been
registered, such as pottery with red-painted decoration over
silverish or golden slip, and burnished pottery. Assemblage
of pottery with silver or golden slip is rather outstanding
from the typological, qualitative and stylistic points of view
(DIACONU, VILCEANU, 1972: 113-115, Figs. 49-50;
BIKIĆ 1990; BORISOV 2002: 149-153). Two main groups
can be distinguished. The first one consists of fine jugs and
beakers, made on the fast potter’s wheel. This ware is thin-
walled, with delicately painted arch-like and floral patterns
(Fig. 7/5-7; DIACONU, VILCEANU, 1972: 113-115, Figs.
49-50; POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ, 1988: Fig. 20; BIKIĆ
1990). The second group encompasses coarse pots made
on the slow wheel; the vessels are thick-walled, decorated
with large geometric patterns (Fig. 7/12-14; ŠTEREVA,
1977: 6-18, Figs. 1-4; POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ, 1988:
Fig. 21). Regardless of the differences among them, the
layers of coating were of similar composition, basically made
from kaolinite and phlogopite, or zinnwaldite. Just as in the
Danube Region, this kind of pottery is not frequently found
in other regions of Byzantium. To date, a greater quantity
of findings is registered only in Bulgaria (BORISOV,
2002: 149-150). Fine pottery with similar red painted
design was found in Corinth, but without any kind of slip
(STILLWELL MACKAY, 1967: 285-288, Pl. 68/85, 88,
89). To conclude, there is a number of unsolved questions
regarding pottery with silver or golden slip and red-painted
decoration; therefore many problems concerning issues of
their production and the localization of workshops remain
open. However, on the basis of more recent research it is
assumed that south-eastern Bulgaria may have been one
of the production regions, at least for coarse pottery with
geometric decoration (BORISOV, 2002: 150-153).
Burnished ware may be seen as one of the trademarks of
mediaeval Balkan pottery, especially in the territory of the
First Bulgarian state during the ninth and tenth centuries.
Therefore this kind of pottery, represented by large
amphora-like jugs, is specific for northern Bulgaria, where
the main workshops were situated (Fig. 8/4; DONČEVA-
PETKOVA, 1977: 82-92, Figs. 21-25). Beyond the region
of origin, similar finds of a later date have been observed as
well. Pottery of the same technology was discovered within
the second-phase units on the Middle Danube sites, dated
to the late eleventh and twelfth centuries (BJELAJAC, 1989:
117; BIKIĆ, 1994: 59-60, Fig. 22/1, 2, with references).
The continuation of the production, with certain changes in
general appearance, is indicated by thinner walls and more
elegant proportions of later vessels.
The smallest sample comes from the third phase, dated to
the end of the twelfth century and the first decade of the
thirteenth (Fig. 6/10-13). The changes are evident in both
pottery shape and technology (POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ,
1988: 150-153, Figs. 22-23). This group is clearly defined
by baggy vessels, burnished jugs, and especially cauldrons
(TAKÁCS 1986: Taf. 82/1-2). A larger proportion of mica
in the raw material and a dark grey firing colour point
to a rather different pottery tradition, drawing from the
Transdanubian regions, most probably from southern Banat
(TAKÁCS 1986: 98-99; PAŠIĆ 2001: 182-183, Figs. 6/10,
7/10-12). In the specific case of Braničevo, this assumption
can be supported with historical evidence. The battles for
supremacy between Hungarians and Bulgarians at that
time led to the destruction of settlements in a violent rage
(POPOVIĆ, IVANIŠEVIĆ, 1988: 168).
 COMUNICAÇÃO
CONCLUSIONS
Although the case studies of Braničevo and Morava have
been used for providing the chronology of pottery, similar
trends and features of the assemblages were registered across
the Balkan Danube Region in general. The noted differences
and advances in pottery craftsmanship mark only part of
important economic and cultural changes which took place
after the establishment of Byzantine rule over the Balkans,
reflecting also in the foundation of proto-urban centres and
the active trading, which led to the sudden occurrence of
luxurious items etc. In this wider context, ceramic can shed
light on some socio-cultural processes which were ongoing
in the region at that time. Nevertheless, one has to bear in
mind that the presented results are only preliminary. While
systematic excavations at Morava are still in early stages,
systematisation and analyses of attractive new finds from
Braničevo will soon be proceeded with.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This paper results from the research project of the Institute
of Archaeology Urbanisation Processes and Development of
Mediaeval Society (No. 177021), funded by the Ministry
of Education, Science and Technological Development of
the Republic of Serbia. I would like to thank Dr Bojana
Krsmanović for critical reading of the manuscript, Mr Ivan
Bugarski for improving the English style, and Dr Vujadin
Ivanišević for translation of abstract into French.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BARASCHI, Siliva, DAMIAN, Oana (1993) – Considération
sur la céramique émaillée de Nufăru. Dacia, n .s. Bucarest:
Vasile Pârvan Institute of Archaeology. ISSN 0070-251X.
No. XXXVI, pp. 237-277.
BARNÉA, Ion (1989) – La céramique byzantine de Dobrudja,
Xe-XIIe siècles. V. Déroche et J.-M. Spieser (ed.), Recherches
sur la céramique byzantine, Bulletin de correspondance
hellénique, suppl. XVIII, Paris-Athènes: École française
d’Athènes-Diffusion de Boccard. ISBN 2-86958-025-8. Pp.
131-142.
BIKIĆ, Vesna (1990) – Vizantijska grnčarija sa zlatnim i
srebrnim premazom sa Beogradske tvrđave. Godišnjak grada
Beograda. Beograd: Muzej grada Beograda. ISSN 0436-
1105. No. XXXVI Pp. 63-68.
BIKIĆ, Vesna, POPOVIĆ, Marko (2012) – Arheološke teme
u budućim vizantološkim istraživanjima u Srbiji. B.
Krsmanović, Lj. Maksimović, R. Radić (eds.). Vizantijski
svet na Balkanu. Beograd: Vizantološki institut SANU.
ISBN 978-86-83883-16-5. Pp. 653-665.
BIKIĆ, Vesna , ŠPEHAR, Perica, BUGARSKI, Ivan, BRANKOVIĆ,
Teodora (2012) – Arheološka istraživanja Marguma/Morave
u 2011. godini. V. Bikić, S. Golubović and D. Antonović
(eds.). Arheologija u Srbiji. Projekti Arheološkog instituta u
2011. godini. Beograd: Arheološki institut. ISBN 978-86-
80093-83-3. Pp. 101-103.
131
BJELAJAC, Ljiljana (1989) – Byzantine Amphorae in the Serbian
Danubian Area in the 11th-12th Centuries. V. Déroche et
J.-M. Spieser (ed.), Recherches sur la céramique byzantine.
Bulletin de correspondance hellénique, suppl. XVIII, Paris-
Athènes: École française d’Athènes-Diffusion de Boccard.
ISBN 2-86958-025-8. Pp. 109-118.
BORISOV, Boris (2002) – Ceramics and Ceramic Production in
11th – 12th centuries on the present day South east Bulgaria.
“Maritsa/Iztok” Archaeological Research Vol. 6. Radnevo:
Pečatnica OBN. ISBN 954-90117-1-5
DONČEVA-PETKOVA, Ljudmila (1977) – La ceramique
domestique Bulgare pendant le moyen age (la seconde
moitie du Vie a la fin du Xe s.). Sofia: Academie Bulgare des
sciences - Institut d`archaeologie et musee (in Bulgarian).
DIACONU, Petre, VILCEANU, Dumitru (1972) – Păcuiul lui
Soare, Cetatea Bizantină. Bucureşti: Editura Academiai
Republicii socialiste Romania.
GARAŠANIN, Milutin, VASIĆ, Miloje, MARJANOVIĆ-VUJOVIĆ,
Gordana (1984) – Castrum Pontes – srednjovekovno naselje
i nekropola. Đerdapske sveske. Beograd: Arheološki institut.
ISSN 0351-5710. No. II, pp. 25-84.
HALDON, John (1999) – Warfare, State and Society in the
Byzantine World, 565–1204. London: University College
London (UCL) Press. ISBN 0-203-50087-3
HOLMES, Catherine (2005) – Basil II and the Governance of
the Empire (976-1025). Oxford: University Press. ISBN
9780199279685
IVANIŠEVIĆ, Vujadin (1993) – Opticaj vizantijskih folisa
XI veka na prostoru centralnog Balkana, Numizmatičar.
Beograd: Narodni muzej. ISSN, 0350-9397. No. 16, pp.
79-92.
IVANIŠEVIĆ, Vujadin, BUGARSKI, Ivan (2012) –
Primena  LIDAR  tehnologije u analizi topografije
Marguma/Morave i Kuliča,  Starinar, Beograd: Arheološki
institut. ISSN: 0350-0241 No. LXII/2012, pp. 239-255.
JANKOVIĆ, Milica (1983) – Srednjovekovni ukop na Malom
Kalemegdanu, Godišnjak grada Beograda, Beograd: Muzej
grada Beograda. ISSN 0436-1105. No. XXX, pp. 9-19.
KALIĆ, Jovanka, RADOŠEVIĆ-MAKSIMOVIĆ, Ninoslava (1971)
– Istorijski spisi – obrada. Vizantijski izvori za istoriju naroda
Jugoslavije. Beograd: Vizantološki institut SANU. ISBN
978-86-83883-10-3. Tom. IV. Pp. 1-171.
KIRILOV, Chavdar, KOLEVA, Rumajana (2008) –
Durostorum–Drăstăr Zwischen Antike und Mittelalter der
Rettungsgrabung 2007. Culture and Civilisation XXIV.
Călăraşi: Muzeul Dunării de Jos. Pp. 231-249.
KRSMANOVIĆ, Bojana (2008) – The Byzantine Province
in Change (On the Threshold Between the 10th and 11th
Century). Belgrade-Athens: Institute for Byzantine Studies –
Institute for Byzantine Research. ISBN 978-86-83883-11-0
132 AS CERÂMICAS NO SEU CONTEXTO - POTTERY WITHIN ITS CONTEXT
MADGEARU, Alexandru (2013) – Byzantine Military
Organization on the Danube, 10th–12th Centuries. Leiden–
Boston: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-25249-3 (e-book)
MAKSIMOVIĆ, Ljubomir (1997) – Organizancija vizantijske
vlasti u novoosvojenim oblastima posle 1018. godine.
Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta. Beograd:
Vizantološki institute SANU. ISSN 0584-9888. No. 36, pp.
31-34.
PAŠIĆ, Ivana (2001) – O datovanju grnčarije 12-13. veka iz
vršačkih radionica. Glasnik: Srpsko arheološko društvo.
Beograd: Srpsko arheološko društvo. ISSN 0352-5678 No.
17, pp. 177-194.
POPOVIĆ, Vladislav (1978) – Catalogue des monnaies
byzantines du musée de Srem’. C. Brenot, N. Duval and
V. Popović (eds.), Sirmium – Recherches archéologiques
franco-yougoslaves à Sirmium VIII. Études de numismatique
danubienne: trésors, lingots, imitations. Monnaies de
fouilles IVe au XIIe siècle. Rome-Belgrade: Collection de
l’École française de Rome, XXIX. 2) Rome: École française
and Belgrade: Institut archëologique. ISSN: 0351-5982. Pp.
179-193.
PIRIVATRIĆ, Srđan 1997 – Vizantijska tema Morava i
„Moravije“ Konstantina VII Porfirogenita, Beograd:
Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta. ISSN 0584-9888.
No. 36, pp. 173-201.
POPOVIĆ, Marko, IVANIŠEVIĆ, Vujadin 1988 – Grad
Braničevo u srednjem veku. Starinar. Beograd: Arheološki
institut. ISSN 0350-0241. No. XXXIX, pp. 125-179.
SPASIĆ ĐURIĆ, Dragana (2011) – Arheološka istraživanja
Braničeva od 2007. do 2009. godine. Viminacium.
Požarevac: Narodni muzej Požarevac. ISBN 978-86-84147-
31-0. No. 16, pp. 75-113.
STĂNICĂ, Aurel (2012) – Tipologia amforelor bizantine
descoperite în aşezările din nordul Dobrogei. Peuce. Tulcea:
Institutul de cercetări eco-muzeale, Muzeul de Istorie şi
Archeologie. No. X. ISSN: 0258-8102. Pp. 53-80.
ŞTEFAN, Gheorge, BARNEA, Ion, COMŞA, Maria, COMŞA,
Eugen (1967) – Dinogetia I. Aşezarea feudal timpurie de la
Bisericuţa-Garvăn. Bucureşti: Editura Academiei Republicii
socialiste România.
STEPHENSON, Paul (2004) – Byzantium’s Balkan Frontier.
A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900-1204.
Cambridge: University Press. ISBN 0-511-03402-4 eBook
STILLWELL MACKAY, Theodora 1967 – More Byzantine and
Frankish Pottery from Corinth. Hesperia. Athenes: The
Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at
Athens. ISSN: 0018-098X. No. XXXVI-3, pp. 249-320.
ŠTEREVA, Irina 1977 – Prinos k’m proučvaneto na
srednovekovnata keramika v B’lgarija (XI-XII v.), Arheologia.
Sofia: Journal of the National Institute of Archaeology with
Museum – BAS. ISSN 0324-1203. No. 3, pp. 6-18.
TAKÁCS, Miklós (1986) – Die arpadenzeitlichen Tonkessel in
Karpatenbecken. Varia Archaeologica Hungarica, Budapest:
Publicationes Instituti Archaeologici Academiae Scientiarum
Hungaricae.
TODOROVA, Evelina (2011) – The Medieval Amphorae
(Ninth to Fourteenth Centuries AD) from Excavation at
Silistria in 2007 (Preliminary Report). Patabs II. Production
and Trade of Amphorae in the Black Sea. Acts of the
International Round Table held in Kiten, Nessebar and
Sredetz, September 26-30, 2007. TZOCHEV, Chavdar,
STOYANOV, Totko, BOZKOVA, Anelia (eds.). Sofija: St.
Kliment Ohridski University Press / National Institute of
Archaeology and Museum (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences).
ISBN: 978-954-9472-04-2. Pp. 131-140.