1

Developed by:
GabrieleNascimento
Crateús- 2023
 3

1. Introduction;
2. Present continuous;
2.1 Vocabulary: Vacations;
3. Simple Past;
3.1 WH questions (in the past)

4. Simple past: Verb to be;

5. To be going to’ and will;
6. Comparative and Superlative;

7. Imperatives: Positive and Negative;

8. Modal verbs: ‘can’, ‘can’t’, ‘could’, ‘couldn’t;
9. Possessive Adjectives;

10. Object Pronouns;

11. I’d like…

12. Demonstrative pronouns;
13. Intensifiers;

14. How to get to?;

15. Phrasal Verbs
16. Conditionals: Zero and one
17. What now?
 4

“O Inglês é a língua mais falada e difundida em todo o mundo.”

 5

APRESENTAÇÃO:
Este curso tem o objetivo de ensinar as bases
necessárias para que o(a) aluno(a) possa aprender uma
nova língua, de forma simples e objetiva, motivando(a)
a aprofundar seu interesse pelo inglês e se aperfeiçoar,
para que possa utilizá-lo como meio de comunicação.
Nesse sentido o curso lhe oferece a oportunidade de
aprender noções de conversação em inglês,
desenvolver habilidades para interpretação e análise
gramatical e ainda, conhecer o vocabulário essencial
da língua inglesa.
 6

1. Introduction;
Por que é importante aprender inglês?
A capacidade de falar e entender Inglês tem um valor incalculável.
A língua inglesa, considerada universal, é utilizada nas mais diversas
instâncias da nossa vida.
Seja para ler textos, entender músicas e filmes, ler sites em inglês,
adquirir uma oportunidade profissional, entre outras.
Com o Inglês, você sempre vai encontrar alguém, em qualquer parte do mundo,
que irá entendê-lo(a).
Com esse tipo de conhecimento, dentre as várias possibilidades, você
consegue:
• Excelentes empregos em empresa de grande porte.
• Viajar para qualquer lugar do mundo sem enfrentar dificuldades
com o idioma.
• Ter capacidade para se comunicar com dois terços dos 130
milhões de usuários da Internet, bem como, ler a maioria das
páginas da rede mundial, que são feitas em Inglês.
O INGLÊS é a língua mais falada e difundida em todo o mundo! Por isso,
não perca a oportunidade de adquirir essa habilidade essencial para o
mundo globalizado.
Para isto, é necessário que você se empenhe em seus estudos, pois somente
com dedicação e comprometimento você vai obter êxito no aprendizado do
novo idioma.

Se esforce nos estudos que com certeza obterá sucesso!

 7

2. Present Continuous;

James: Where are you?

Sarah: I am working inside. I am writing a letter to my friend. I am telling him about my life and
my new job.
James: Are you using the computer?
Sarah: I am not using the computer because I like to hand write letters. My hand is getting
tired though.

O presente contínuo deve ser usado para expressar uma situação que ainda está acontecendo.
Todo nosso “ando”, “endo” e “indo” no final dos verbosem português devem ser trocados
em inglês pela terminação “ing”.

 As frases afirmativas no presente contínuo seguem a seguinte

estrutura:
Sujeito + verbo to be + verbo com “ing” + complemento
She is studying English now. (Ela está estudando inglês agora).

 Nas frases negativas:

Sujeito + verbo to be + not + verbo com “ing” + complemento
She is not watching TV. (Ela não está assistindo TV.)

 Nas frases interrogativas:

Verbo to be + sujeito + verbo com “ing” + complemento
Is she watching TV? (Ela está assistindo TV?)

More examples:
 We are reading a book. – Nós estamos lendo um livro.
 They are cooking the meal. – Eles estão preparando a refeição.
 I am washing the dishes now. – Eu estou lavando a louça agora
 8

Exceptions:

- Em verbos terminados em E, elimina-se o E e acrescenta-se ING.

 Dance – dançar
He is dancing with his girlfriend. – Ele está dançando com a sua
namorada.
 Ride – andar de/a
They are riding their bikes right now. – Eles estão andando de bicicleta
agora.

- Em verbos que terminam em consoante + vogal + consoante, dobramos a

última letra e acrescentamos ING.

 Run – correr
The dog is running like crazy! – O cachorro está correndo feito doido!
 Swim – nadar
She is right there at the pool swimming. – Ela está lá na piscina
nadando.

Present Simple
Things which are always true:
 Water boils at 100 degrees.
Permanent situations (or nearly permanent;
true for a few years at least):
 Julie lives in London.
Habits or things we do regularly:
 I drink coffee every morning.
Future events which are part of a
timetable:
 My plane leaves at eight tonight.
To talk about the future after certain
words ('when' 'until' 'after' 'before' 'as
soon as'):
 I'll call you when I get home.
To talk about what happens in books,
plays and films:
9
Present Continuous
Things which are happening at the
moment of speaking:
 The water is boiling now, so
you can put in the pasta.
Temporary situations:
 Julie is living in Paris for a
few months (usually she lives in
London).
Situations which are slowly
changing:
 I'm getting better and better
at speaking English.
Temporary or new habits:
 I'm drinking too much coffee
these days because I'm so busy
at work.
Annoying habits (usually with
'always'):
 My flatmate is always
leaving the kitchen in a
mess!
Definite future plans:
 I'm meeting John after class
today.
To talk about people in pictures and
photos:
 10

 At the end of the book, the  In this photo, my mother is

detective catches the killer. walking beside a lake.

Remember:

 We use the present simple with stative verbs. We can't use any continuous
tense (including the present continuous tense, of course) with stative verbs.

Exercises:

A) Make the present continuous:

1. (she / go home now)

2. (I / read a great book)

3. (she / not / wash her hair)

4. (the cat / chase mice?)

5. (she / cry?)

6. (he / not / study Latin)

 11

7. (we / drive to London?)

8. (they / watch TV?)

9. (where / she / go now?)

10. (I / not / leave now)

11. (you / not / run)

12. (why / he / leave?)

13. (how / I / travel? )

14. (it / not / rain)

 12

B) Make present continuous questions and answer them in english (Q is for the
question and A for your answer.)

1. (you / eat / cake?)

Q:

A:

2. (what time / you / go to the cinema?)

Q:

A:

3. (why / you / study?)

Q:

A:

4. (when / you / leave?)

Q: _

A:

5. (you / smoke?)

Q:

A:

6. (he / play / tennis later?)

Q:

A:
 13

7. (you / go / shopping at the weekend?)

Q:

A:

8. (you / drink / wine)

Q:

A:

9. (what / you / drink now?)

Q:

A:

Vocabulary:
 14

- Pesquise a tradução dos advérbios e treine sua

 15

2.1 Vocabulary: Vacations!

You will probably need to protect yourself against the sun’s rays, so high-
factor suncream or sunblock will be useful. Sunglasses and a sun hat are also
good ideas.

Some people sit under parasols, which are like large umbrellas. On English
beaches, where the weather is more unpredictable, a wind-break will keep the
wind away!

*Traduza as palavras grifadas em vermelho:

 16

Dialogue:
Felix: It’s a beautiful day today. Let’s go to the beach!

Chris: That sounds great!

Felix: Okay, I’ll get the beach umbrella and beach chairs and put them in
the car.

Chris: Should I bring my surfboard?

Felix: Sure. And don’t forget sunscreen and sunglasses.

Chris: I won’t. I don’t want to get a sunburn again!

Now you answer!

 What are your plans for your vacations?

 Who do you usually spend your vacations?

Practice with a
friend
 17

*Create 3 sentences using present continuous and including the words

you just learned about the vacations:
Example:
“I’m taking my luggage to the hotel.”

1.

2.

3.
18
 1

3. Simple Past;

Charles: What did you do yesterday?

Louis: Nothing much. I just stayed at home and cleaned the house.
Charles: How boring!
Louis: Yeah, it was. And you? What did you do?
Charles: I drove to the mountains and went hiking.
Louis: That sounds fun!
Charles: It was. I had a great time.

O Simple Past é um dos tempos verbais do inglês. Ele é equivalente ao

passado simples na língua portuguesa. Sua regra de uso é semelhante a que já
usamos em português: para indicar ações passadas já concluídas, ou seja, para
falar de fatos que já aconteceram; que começaram e terminaram no passado.
 2

 As frases afirmativas no passado simples seguem a seguinte

estrutura:
Sujeito + passado do verbo principal + complemento (observe se o verbo
é regular ou irregular e assim saberá sua conjugação.)
Lisa liked him very much. (Lisa gostava muito dele)

 Nas frases negativas:

Sujeito + did not (ou didn’t) + verbo sem conjugação + complemento
Lisa didn’t like him very much. (Lisa não gostava muito dele.)

O verbo DID + NOT não tem sentido semântico.

Ele é um auxiliar na frase.

 Nas frases interrogativas:

Did + sujeito + verbo sem conjugação + complemento
Did Lisa like him very much? (Lisa gostava muito dele?)

More examples:
 What did you do yesterday? (O que você fez ontem?)
 I watched a movie yesterday. (Eu assisti a um filme ontem)
 We studied all afternoon. (Nós estudamos a tarde toda.)
 She didn’t speak Italian. (Ela não falava italiano.)
 Where did you buy this phone? (Onde você comprou esse celular?)
 2

Exercises:
A) Make the past simple, positive, negative or question:

1. I (not / drink) any beer last night.

2. She (get on) the bus in the centre of the city.

3. What time (he / get up) yesterday?

4. Where (you / get off) the train?

5. I (not / change) trains at Victoria.

6. We (wake up) very late.

7. What (he / give) his mother for Christmas?

8. I (receive) £300 when my uncle(die).

9. We (not / use) the computer last night.

10. (she / make) good coffee?

11. (they / come) to the party?

12. She (not / meet) him.

13. (she / go)?

14. You (meet) a friend.

15. Which (you / like)?

16. I (not / forget) your book.

17. What (he / do) at the weekend?

18. She (not / like) chocolate.

19. What (you / buy) yesterday?

20. (you / have) a good holiday?

 2

3.1.Simple Past; Wh Questions:

 2

4. Simple Past - Verb to be;

Você também pode usar o simple past para falar sobre o estado de
alguém, como alguém se sentia e isso é geralmente expressado com o verbo to
be em sua forma de passado simples.
*Obs: o verbo to be é considerado um verbo irregular, portanto, fique
atento a sua conjugação.

 Nas frases afirmativas:

Sujeito + verbo to be no passado + complemento
My cat was hungry. (Meu gato estava com fome.)
 Nas frases negativas:
Sujeito + verbo to be no passado + not ou abreviação “n’t” +
complemento
My cat was not/wasn’t hungry. (Meu gato não estava com fome.)
 Nas frases interrogativas:
Verbo to be no passado + sujeito + complemento
Was my cat hungry? (Meu gato estava com fome?)
 2

More examples:
 She wasn’t my girlfriend. (Ela não era minha namorada.)
 We were at the park last night. (Nós estávamos no parque ontem a
noite)
 Were you at school yesterday? (Você estava na escola ontem?)
 I wasn’t missing you, I’m sorry. (Eu não estava sentindo sua falta, Me
desculpe.)
 Why where you late? (Por que você estava atrasado?)
 Was he beautiful? (Ele era bonito?)

Exercises:
A) Make the past simple positive or negative:

1. It (be) cold yesterday.

2. She (be) hungry.
3. We (be) late for the meeting.
4. I (be) tired last night.
5. The exam (be) difficult.
6. They (be) in Berlin.
7. You (be) in the library when I called you.
8. The holiday (be) fun.
9. He (be) early for the interview.
10. The people we met last night (be) French.
 2

B) Make the past simple (use positive/negative or question):

1. (I / be / at the cinema last night.)

2. (the children / be / naughty?)

3. (we / be / in a cafe when you called.)

4. (I / be / late?)

5. (she / be / a teacher when she was young.)

6. (where / we / be?)

7. (you / be / okay?)

8. (we / be / too tired?)

9. (how / the party / be?)

10. (they / be / late for the interview.)

11. (you / be / in the garden.)

12. (what / his name / be?)

13. (it / not / be / cold.)

 2

Vocabulary:

*Treine sua pronúncia! Use os adjetivos para caracterizar coisas ao seu

redor ou do seu dia-a-dia!
 2

5. To be going to/Will:

Man: What are you going to do for summer break?

Woman: I’m going to study Spanish in Spain.
Man: Nice, where are you going to study?
Woman: I’m not going to take any classes. I’m just going to live there and learn the
language.
Man: Good idea. You’re going to learn a lot.
Woman: I hope so. I’m going to really focus on learning Spanish naturally. Every day
I’m going to try to talk to as many people as I can.

O going to é uma expressão utilizada para falar de intenções futuras. Ele é

usado quando a pessoa já decidiu o que vai fazer, ou seja, quando uma ação já está
planejada e há evidências de que irá acontecer num futuro próximo.
 Nas frases afirmativas:
Sujeito + verbo to be + going to + verbo + complemento
He is going to feed his little fish. (Ele irá alimentar seu peixinho.)

 Nas frases negativas:

Sujeito + verbo to be + not + going to + verbo + complemento
He is not going to feed his little fish. (Ele não irá alimentar seu peixinho.)

* Obs: é comum o uso das contrações nas frases afirmativas e negativas.

 Nas frases interrogativas:

Verbo to be + sujeito + going to + verbo + complemento
Is he going to feed his little fish? (Ele irá alimentar seu peixinho?)

More examples:
 I’m going to Salvador this year. (Eu irei a Salvador esse ano.)
 2

 I’m not going to the party next Saturday. (Eu não vou pra festa próximo
sábado)
 We’re not going to be here tomorrow. (Nós não estaremos aqui amanhã)
 Are you going to drink this beer? (Você vai beber essa cerveja?)
 Are they going to buy that house? (Eles vão comprar aquela casa?)

At work
Torry: It’s Friday! What are you going to do this weekend?
Cam: A friend is going to visit me. I think we will have dinner together. Torry: Nice! Will you go to that Italian
Cam: No, we won’t. She doesn’t like Italian food.
Já o will é usado para falar de algo no futuro que é incerto, sem planejamento e não
tão imediato, por isso costuma estar acompanhado deexpressões que indicam
incerteza.

I think;
Probably;
I guess;
I’m not sure, but I think;
I don’t know, but I think;
Maybe;

 Nas frases afirmativas:

Sujeito + will + verbo sem conjugação + complemento
I think I will go to school tomorrow. (Eu acho que vou para escola amanhã.)
.
 Nas frases negativas:
Sujeito + will + not + going to + verbo sem conjugação + complemento
I think I will not go to school tomorrow. (Eu acho que não vou para escola
amanhã.)
 2

*Obs: A forma contraída de will not é won’t.

 Nas frases interrogativas:

Will + sujeito + verbo sem conjugação + complemento
Will I go to school tomorrow? (Eu irei para escola amanhã?)

More examples:
 He’ll be a successful lawyer one day. (Ele será um advogado de sucesso um
dia.)
 Will you tell Tony I called? (Você vai dizer ao Tony que eu liguei?)
 I think you will find the movie interesting. (Acho que você vai achar o
filme interessante.)
 3

 He will give up if he starts losing. (Ele vai desistir se começar a perder.)

 Don’t worry, I won’t tell anyone. (Não se preocupe, eu não direi a
ninguém.)
How to use it:
 3

What's the difference? 'Will' and 'be going to'

Will + infinitive Be going to + infinitive
A decision at the moment of
A decision before the moment of speaking:
speaking:
Julie: There's no milk.
Julie: There's no milk.
John: I know. I'm going to go and get some
John: Really? In that case, I'll
when this TV programme finishes.
go and get some.
A prediction based on something we can see (or
A prediction based on opinion:
hear) now:
I think the Conservatives will
The Conservatives are going to win the election.
win the next election.
They already have most of the votes.
A future fact:

The sun will rise tomorrow.

For promises / requests /
refusals / offers:

I'll help you tomorrow, if you

like.

More examples:

 (The phone rings)

Julie: I'll get it!
('I'm going to get it' is very strange, because it makes us think that Julie knew
the phone was going to ring before it did).

 I'm going to go on holiday next week.

('I'll go on holiday next week' makes it sound like you've only just decided at
that minute. Of course, this is possible, but normally we plan our holidays more
in advance!).

Other points about the future:

We use the present continuous tense for definite future arrangements. Often, it
doesn't really matter if we choose 'be going to' or the present continuous. In the
following example, there is really very little difference in meaning:

 I'm going to the cinema tonight.

 3

 I'm going to go to the cinema tonight.

We use the present simple tense in two cases. First, we use it for a timetabled event
in the future, like public transport or the start of a class:

 My train leaves at six tonight.

 His class starts at 9am tomorrow.

Second, we use it after certain words, when the sentence has a future meaning. These
words are: before / after / as soon as / until / when:

 I'll call you when I get home.

 She's going to study after she finishes dinner.
 Please drink some water as soon as you complete the race.

Exercises:

A) Complete with going to acordding to the subjects:

1. I am hot. have a shower.

2. We are tired. go to bed early.

3. He is thirsty. have a drink.

4. They are bored. watch television.

5. My sister is ill. take some tablets.

6. You are hungry. get some food.

7. It is very cold. snow.

8. I have got a toothache. see the dentist.

9. It's dark. They can't see. put on the light.

 3

B) Put the verbs into the correct form. (Use going to.)

Ex: It (rain) is going to rain

1. They (eat) stew.

2. I (wear) blue shoes tonight.
3. We (not / help) you.
4. Jack (not / walk) home.
5. (cook / you) dinner?
6. Sue (share / not) her biscuits.
7. (leave / they) the house?
8. (take part / she) in the contest?
9. I (not / spend) my holiday abroad this year.

C) Make future simple questions, use will:

1. (they / come) tomorrow?

2. When (you / get) back?

3. If you lose your job, what (you / do)?

4. In your opinion, (she / be) a good

teacher?

5. What time (the sun / set) today?

6. (she / get) the job, do you think?

7. (David / be) at home this evening?

8. What _ (the weather / be) like tomorrow?

9. There’s someone at the door, (you / get)

it?

10. How (he / get) here?

 3

D) Choose the correct answer.

1. He famous one day.

 will be

 will to be

 wills be

2. you later.

 I to help

I'll help

I'll to help

3. be at home later?

You will

You will to

 Will you

4. be sunny tomorrow?

 It will

 Will

 Will it

5. She arrive home until 8 pm tonight.

 3

 will not to

 won't

 won't to

6. I think she _ pass the exam.

 to

 will

 won't

7. You won't rich as a teacher!

will not get

get

to get

8. I don't think I go out tonight.

 want

 will

 won't

9. open the door for me?

 Will you

 Will you to

 You will
 3

10. know the answer.

 She'll

 She to

 Will she

Now you answer!

 What will you do tomorrow?
 What are you going to do after this exercises?
 3

6. Comparative and
Superlative:

The City and the Country

David: How do you like living in a big city?

Maria: I like it so much more than living in the country. There are many things that make it better.

David: Oh, really? Can you give me some examples?

Maria: Well, it certainly is more interesting out in the city than it is in the country. There is so much
more to do and see!

David: Yes, but the city is more dangerous than the country.

Maria: That's true. People in the city aren't as open and friendly as those in the countryside, and the
streets aren't as safe.

David: I'm sure that the country is more relaxed, too!

Maria: Yes, the city is busier than the country. However, the country feels much slower than the city.

David: I think that's a good thing!

Maria: Oh, I don't. The country is so boring! Being in the country is much more boring than being in
the city.

David: How about the cost of living? Is the country cheaper than the city?

Maria: Oh, yes. Living in the city is more expensive than in the country.

David: Life in the country is also much healthier than in the city.

Maria: Yes, it's cleaner and less dangerous in the country. But, the city is so much more exciting. It's
faster, crazier and more fun.

David: I think you are crazy for moving to the city.

Maria: Well, I'm young now. Maybe when I'm married and have children I'll move back to the country.
 3

Como o nome já diz, os comparativos são adjetivos ou advérbios que

comparam alguma coisa em relação a outra, em inglês essas palavras possuem
algumas regras de ortografia:

 Para palavras pequenas, de até duas sílabas, adiciona-se a terminação

ER.

 Smart — Smarter (Mais inteligente ou mais esperto)

 Cheap — Cheaper (Mais barato)
 High — Higher (Mais alto)

 Para palavras com até duas sílabas e terminadas em Y, retira-se o Y e

substitui-se pela terminação IER.
 Happy — Happier (Mais feliz)
 Funny — Funnier (Mais engraçado)
 Heavy — Heavier (Mais pesado)

 Para palavras terminadas em consoante + vogal + consoante, dobra- se

a última consoante e adiciona-se ER.
 Big — Bigger (Maior)
 Hot — Hotter (Mais quente)
 Fat — Fatter (Mais gordo)

 Para palavras com mais de duas sílabas vamos adicionar a palavra

MORE (mais) antes do adjetivo.

 Interesting — Her book is more interesting than his book. (O livro

dela é mais interessante do que o livro dele.)

 3

 Difficult — This test is more difficult than the test we took

yesterday. (O teste está mais difícil do que o teste que fizemos

ontem.)

 Handsome — Felix is more handsome than your boyfriend. (Felix

é mais bonito que seu namorado.)

More examples:
 She is prettier now. (Ela está mais bonita agora.)
 My sandwich is bigger than yours. (Meu sanduíche é maior que o seu.)
 Krist is taller than Kurt. (Krist é mais alto que Kurt.)
 I look stranger than yesterday. (Eu pareço mais estranho que ontem.)

*Quando usamos o comparativo entre duas

coisas é preciso usar o THAN depois do adjetivo.

Já os superlativos indicam que algo está acima ou abaixo de todos

os outros itens comparados – é o mais ou o menos de alguma categoria. E
essas são suas regras:

 Para palavras de até duas sílabas, adicionamos a terminação EST.

 Cheap — The cheapest (O mais barato)

 High — The highest (O mais alto)
 Short — The shortest (O mais baixo)

 Para palavras com até duas sílabas e terminadas em Y, retira-se o Y e

substitui-se pela terminação IEST.
 Happy — Happiest (O mais feliz)
 Funny — Funniest (O mais engraçado)
 Heavy — Heaviest (O mais pesado)
 4

 Para palavras terminadas em consoante + vogal + consoante, dobra- se

a última consoante e adiciona-se EST.
 Big — Biggest (O maior)
 Hot — Hottest (O mais quente)
 Fat — Fattest (O mais gordo)

 Para palavras com mais de duas sílabas vamos adicionar a palavra THE MOST

(o mais) antes do adjetivo.

 Interesting — Her book is the most interesting book I’ve ever

read. (O livro dela é o mais interessante que já li.)

 Difficult — This test is the most difficult. (Esse teste é o mais

difícil.)

 Handsome — Felix is the most handsome boy here. (Felix é o

garoto mais lindo aqui.)

More examples:
 It was the happiest day of my life. (Foi o dia mais feliz da minha vida.)
 John is the tallest man in this room. (John é o homem mais alto dessa
sala.)
 This is the most frightening horror movie. (Esse é o filme de terror mais
assustador.)
 That broke-up was the most painful of my life. (Aquele término foi o mais
doloroso da minha vida.)

*No superlativo usamos o artigo the

antes do adjetivo ou da palavra most.
 4

 Outra maneira de fazer comparações é com a estrutura

as + adjetivo + as.
Com ela você equipara duas coisas ou pessoas:

 This house is as big as mine. (Essa casa é tão grande quanto a minha.)
 Carol is not as tall as her sister. (Carol não é tão alta quanto sua irmã.)
 Is your food as good as my mom’s? (Sua comida é tão boa quanto a da
minha mãe?)

Exceptions:

Exercises:

A) Mark the correct answers:

1. (FMU) That table is than this one.

a) long
b) more long
c) longest
d) longer
e) most long

2. Selecione o comparativo e o superlativo correto das seguintes palavras,

respectivamente: Large and Small.
a) Larger/ The largest // Smaller/ The Smallest
b) Largger/ The larger // Smaler/ The Smallest
 4

c) Larger/ The larggest // Smaler/ The Smalest

d) Largger/ The largest // Smaller/ The Smalest

3. (PUC) Papyrus was used than paper.

a) early
b) earlier
c) more early
d) earlyer
e) earliest

4. (UNIOESTE) Assinale a alternativa que expressa uma comparação de

igualdade.
a) We are the world's leading producer.
b) You used to wait years to have a telephone installed.
c) These resources are no longer exploited at the cost of the environment.
d) Brazilians are as technology-hungry as anywhere in the world.
e) We are the world's largest producer of sugar.

B) Complete os espaços com o adjetivo comparativo correto. Por

exemplo, cheaper (para 'cheap') e more beautiful (para 'beautiful').

1. My city is (old) _ than yours.

2. Jane is (tall)_ _ than Melissa.

3. Dogs are usually (heavy) _ than cats.

4. Watching a film in DVD is (cheap)____________________than going to the theatre.

5. This brand of pastry is (good)_____________________than the brand I usually buy.

6. The book I'm reading is much (interesting) than all the books I've
read in the past.

7. Italian is an (easy) __language to learn than German.

8. Jake is (young) _ _ than his sister.

 4

The Great Moscow Circus

The Great Moscow Circus is in town! Every year, the circus arrives and stays for a
week. Then they go to the next town.
There are not many animals in the circus. People told the circus that they didn't like
seeing animals performing. There is an elephant called Jacob and two old lions, Hattie
and Meg.
Most of the performers are human! There is Leopold, The Strongest Man In The World.
His father also worked in the circus, but Leopold is stronger than him, he has bigger
arms and bigger legs too! Leopold performs his act every night for the town's people
who come to watch.

Another performer is Clara. She says she has the longest hair in the world. It's about 4
metres long! She also has a daughter who works in the circus. Her name is Sue-Ellen.
Her hair is a lot shorter, but she wants to grow it as long as her mother's. Sue-Ellen
helps look after the animals and she's also learning how to juggle.
The highlight of the circus are the three clowns, Pit, Pot and Pat. They all wear long
red shoes, but Pat's shoes are the longest and sometimes, he falls over because they're
so long! They perform for about twenty minutes and they are always the most popular
act with the audience, especially the children. Many people think Pit, Pot and Pat are
three brothers, but Pat is older than the other two - he's their father! He's the oldest
clown in the country, but he has a lot of energy.

Tomorrow will be the longest day because the circus is leaving town and
everything must be packed away into big trucks.
 4

*Mark true or false:

1. The circus comes to the town twice a year.

True
False

2. There are not many animals in the circus.

True
False

3. People don't come to the circus because of the animals. True

False

4. Leopold and his father work in the circus together.

True
False

5. Leopold's father is the strongest.

True
False

6. Clara's hair is longer than her daughter's hair.

True
False

7. Sue-Ellen wants to be a clown in the circus.

True
False

8. Pit is the father of the other two clowns.

True
False
 4

7. Imperatives: positive and

negative;
Imperative é o tempo verbal em inglês usado para quando você precisa
fazer um pedido, dar uma sugestão, um conselho, uma orientação ou alguma ordem
para alguém.
Sua regra geral é bem simples: tudo o que você precisa fazer é falar o verbo
em inglês sem o to. Ou seja, se quisermos falar sobre o verbo “ir”, usamos to go. No
imperativo, ele fica somente go.

 Nas frases afirmativas:

 Sit down. (Sente-se.)

 Close the door. (Feche a porta.)
 Look! (Olhe!)
 Be careful. (Tome cuidado.)
 Complete the sentences. (Complete as sentenças.)
 Clean up your bedroom. (Limpe seu quarto.)
 Open your book to page 20. (Abra seu livro na página 20.)

* O imperative é um jeito bem direto de falar o que quer. Então, para fazer ped

 Nas frases negativas, acrescenta-se o do not/ don’t, antes do verbo:

 Don’t smoke in here, please. (Não fume aqui dentro, por favor.)
 Don’t drink and drive. (Não beba e dirija.)
 Don’t yell, please. I’ve got a headache. (Não grite, por favor. Eu
estou com dor de cabeça.)
 Don’t turn off the lights. I’m scared. (Não apague as luzes. Eu
estou com medo.)
 Don’t touch it! (Não encoste nisso!)
 Don’t get nervous. (Não fique nervoso.)
 Don’t wait for him. (Não espere por ele.)
 4

A expressão LET’S (let us) se usa para dar uma ordem na qual o locutor está incluído.
 4

Exercises:

A) Match the signs with the correct imperatives:

B) Complete as frases utilizando os verbos: come, drink, eat, go to, open,

turn, sit.

1. left!
2. Don't on my chair!
3. here!
4. your English book!
5. the window!
6. Don't my ice-cream!
7. your milk!
 4

C) Coloque as palavras na ordem correta.

1. door - don't – close – door

2. this -eat - ice-cream - don't

3. sit - on - don't – chair - this –please

4. bedroom -your – go – please - to

5. read – my - don't – magazine

 4

Vocabulary:

Now you answer!

 How are you feeling today?
 What is something you really dislike about someone?
 5

8. Modal verbs: can and could;

Mike: Hey Josh, I’m forming a band and I need a guitarist. You
could play for us. Wanna join in?
Josh: Sorry Mike, I don’t practice too much nowadays. I think I would not be able to play well.
Mike: Oh, that’s a shame. But, can you help find someone?
Josh: Yeah, sure! I can talk with Bob. He’s awesome and he’s not playing with anyone right now.

CAN e COULD são verbos modais que podemos usar para expressar
habilidade, possibilidade e pedir licença. Eles funcionam como verbos auxiliares
e são colocados antes do verbo principal da frase.

Por se tratar de um verbo modal, o “can” não sofre alteração quando usado em
casos de terceira pessoa do singular, assim como o verbo de ação que o segue.

 Nas frases afirmativas:

Sujeito + can + verbo principal + complemento
He can run very fast. (Ele consegue correr muito rápido.)

 Nas frases negativas:

Sujeito + can + not + verbo principal + complemento
He can not run very fast. (Ele não consegue correr muito rápido.)

* Obs: é comum o uso da contração can’t nas frases negativas

 Nas frases interrogativas:

Can + sujeito + verbo principal + complemento
Can he run very fast? (Ele consegue correr muito rápido?)

More examples:
 5

 I can play the piano. (Eu sei tocar piano.)

 Marcela can swim. (Marcela sabe nadar.)
 John can’t drive now. He’s too tired. (John não pode dirigir agora. Ele
está muito cansado.)
 Sorry, Sarah, I can’t go now. I’m super busy. (Desculpa, Sarah, não
posso ir agora. Estou super ocupado.)
 Can I ask you a favor? (Posso lhe pedir um favor?)

Por outro lado, usamos o “could” para expressar que uma coisa é possível ou a
possibilidade que algo aconteça. Podemos usá-lo para falar sobre habilidades e oferecer
ajuda também, mas em casos que estejam relacionados com referências no passado. (futuro
do pretérito na língua portuguesa)

 Nas frases afirmativas:

Sujeito + could + verbo principal + complemento
You could be more pleasant. (Você poderia ser mais agradável.)

 Nas frases negativas:

Sujeito + could + not + verbo principal + complemento
You could not be more pleasant. (Você não poderia ser mais agradável.)

* Obs: é comum o uso da contração couldn’t nas frases negativas

 Nas frases interrogativas:

Could + sujeito + verbo principal + complemento
Could you be more pleasant? (Você poderia ser mais agradável?)

More examples:
 Could I read for you? (Eu poderia ler para você?)
 Could I leave now? (Eu poderia ir embora agora?)
 Lisa could speak when she was three. (Lisa sabia falar quando ela tinha
três anos.)
 We could watch a movie or play vídeo games, what do you think?
(Podemos assistir a um filme ou jogar vídeo game, o que você acha?)
 When I was a child, I could sleep all night long. (Quando eu era criança,
conseguia dormir a noite toda.)
 5

How to use it:

Now you answer!

 What things can you do?
 What is something you could do when you were a kid?

Exercises:
A) Put in can/can’t/could/couldn’t.

1. you swim when you were 10?

2. We get to the meeting on time yesterday because the

train was delayed by one hour.

3. He arrive at the party on time, even after missing the

train, so he was very pleased.

4. He’s amazing, he speak 5 languages including

Chinese.

5. I drive a car until I was 34, then I moved to the

countryside so I had to learn.

 5

6. I looked everywhere for my glasses but I find them

anywhere.

7. She’s 7 years old but she read yet – her parents are

getting her extra lessons.

8. I read the book three times but I understand it.

9. James speak Japanese when he lived in Japan, but he’s

forgotten most of it now.

11. I understand the chapter we had to read for

homework. It was so difficult.

12. I lift this box – it’s too heavy! Would you help me?

13. Lucy make it to our meeting after all. She’s stuck in

traffic at the moment.

14. John play tennis really well. He’s champion of his

club.

15. Unfortunately, I really sing at all! No-one in my family

is musical either.
16. Julian play excellent golf when he was only ten.

17. My grandmother use a computer until last month.

Since then, she’s been taking lessons at the library.

18. I open this window. I think it’s stuck!

19. Gill play the piano. She’s never studied it.

 5

B) Mark the correct answers

1. I did everything that I , but we lost the match.

a) can
b) can’t
c) may
d) could

2. Como você falaria com o seu amigo para pedir uma ajuda com o dever de casa?
a) Could you help me with my homework?
b) Can you help me with my homework?
 5

9. Possessive adjectives:
Possessive Adjectives Possessive Pronouns
my (meu, minha) mine [(o) meu, (a) minha]
your (teu, tua, seu, sua) yours [(o) teu, (a) tua, (o) seu, (a) sua]
his (dele) his [(o)/(a) dele]
her (dela) hers [(o)/(a) dela]
its [dele, dela (neutro)] its [(o)/(a) dele, (o)/(a) dela (neutro)]
our (nosso, nossa) ours [(o) nosso, (a) nossa]
your (vosso, vossa, seu, sua, de yours [(o) vosso, (a) vossa, (o) seu, (a)
vocês) sua]
theirs [(o)/(a) deles, (o)/(a) delas
their [deles, delas (neutro)]
(neutro)]

1. Pronomes Possessivos Adjetivos (Possessive Adjectives)

Os adjetivos possessivos modificam substantivos, portanto aparecem sempre

acompanhados de substantivos.

A) Os Pronomes Possessivos Adjetivos (Possessive Adjectives)

precedem substantivos.

My jacket is new. (Minha jaqueta é nova.)

Our car is red. (Nosso carro é vermelho.)

This is your pencil. [Este é (o) seu lápis.]

B) Os Adjetivos Possessivos (Possessive Adjectives), em Inglês, não se

flexionam, ou seja, valem tanto para o singular como para o plural. Isso
não ocorre na Língua Portuguesa, onde os Pronomes Possessivos
Adjetivos se flexionam e mudam sua forma do singular para o plural.

This is our book. [Este é (o) nosso livro.]

These are our books. [Estes são (os) nossos livros.]

 5

This is your book. [Este é (o) seu livro.]

These are your books. [Estes são (os) seus livros.]

C) Em inglês, nunca se usa artigo (the, a, an) na frente dos pronomes

possessivos.

(NUNCA FALE): the my book (o meu livro); the her car is black (o carro dela é
preto)

Saiba os casos nos quais não se usa o artigo "the"

LEMBRAR: O Pronome Possessivo Adjetivo (Possessive Adjective)

2. Pronomes Possessivos Substantivos (Possessive Pronouns)
está sempre diretamente ligado a um substantivo.
A) Os Pronomes Possessivos (Possessive Pronouns) nunca são usados
antes de substantivo, pois sua função é substituí-lo a fim de evitar
repetição.

Compare estas duas frases:

Is that car your car? (Aquele carro é o seu carro?) Is that

car yours? (Aquele carro é o seu?)

B) Os Pronomes Possessivos (Possessive Pronouns), em Inglês,

concordam sempre com o possuidor, diferentemente do Português, em
que a concordância se faz com a coisa (pessoa, animal, objeto)
possuída.

I have my house and you have yours. (Eu tenho a minha casa e você tem a sua.)

The country and its inhabitants. (O país e seus habitantes.)

C) Os Pronomes Possessivos (Possessive Pronouns), em Inglês, não se

flexionam, ou seja, valem tanto para o singular como para o plural. Isso
não ocorre na Língua Portuguesa, onde os Pronomes Possessivos
Substantivos se flexionam e mudam sua forma do singular para o
plural.

This copybook is ours. (Este caderno é nosso.)

These copybooks are ours. (Estes cadernos são nossos.) This

car is mine. (Este carro é meu.)

 5

These cars are mine. (Estes carros são meus.)

d) Os Pronomes Possessivos (Possessive Pronouns) podem ser usados

em construções com a preposição of.

Daniel and John are friends of ours. (Daniel e João são nossos amigos.) She is

a relative of his. (Ela é parente dele.)

He was an enemy of hers. (Ele era um inimigo dela.)

e) Em inglês, nunca se usa artigo (the, a, an) na frente dos pronomes

possessivos.

(NUNCA FALE): My songs are good, but not like the his. (Minhas músicas são boas,
mas não como as dele).

Exercises:

Choose the correct word:

1. Is this cup (your / yours)?

2. The coffee is (my / mine).

3. That coat is (my / mine).

4. He lives in (her / hers) house.

5. You might want (your / yours) phone.

6. The new car is (their / theirs).

7. She cooked (our / ours) food.

8. Don’t stand on (my / mine) foot!

9. She gave him (her / hers) suitcase.

10. I met (their / theirs) mother.

B) Rewrite the sentences:

 5

_
 5

10. Object Pronoun;

We use a pronoun when we don't want to repeat a noun or a noun phrase.

Subject pronouns

The English subject pronouns are: I, you, he, she, it, we they. (Of course, we use 'you'
when we're talking to one person and when we're talking to more than one person.)

1: We use these pronouns when they are the subject of a verb.

 I like London.
 You have eaten the chocolate.
 He plays football.
 She hates mushrooms.
 It was cold.
 We are French.
 They are going home.

Object Pronouns

In English, we also have object pronouns. These are: me, you, him, her, it, us, them.
(Notice that 'it' and 'you' are the same when they're subject pronouns or object
pronouns.)

We use the object pronouns in most situations when the pronoun is not the subject
of a verb.
 6

1: We use them for the object of a verb.

 John knows me.

 Amanda kissed you.
 The dog licked him.
 David hugged her.
 The teacher dropped it.
 The children love us.
 Luke helped them.

2: We use them after a preposition (including after phrasal verbs).

 It's important to me.

 Can the children come with you?
 Look at her!
 The chocolate is for him.
 David is looking forward to it.
 Keep up with us!
 Lucy works for them.

3: We use them after 'be'. (In very formal English, the subject pronoun is
sometimes used here, but this is very old-fashioned and unusual.)

 Who's there? It's me!

 It's you.
 This is her.
 It was him!

4: We use them with short answers.

 A: Who's there? B: Me!

 A: Who ate the cake? B: Him!
 A: I'm tired. B: Me too.

With short answers, we can also use a subject pronoun + a verb. This sounds a bit more
formal than the object pronoun alone.

 A: Who's there? B: I am!

 A: Who ate the cake? B: He did!
 A: I'm tired. B: I am too.

5: We use them after 'as' and 'than' for comparison.

 She is as tall as me.

 He is taller than her.

We can again use the subject pronoun + a verb in the same situation.

 She is taller than I am.

 6

 He is taller than she is.

6: We use them after 'but' and 'except'.

 Everybody went home early but me.

 Everybody went home early except him.

Exercise:
Choose the correct pronoun

1. I / me like London.
2. The children are as hungry as we / us.

3. All the students passed except I / me.

4. A: Who’s there? B: I / Me!

5. They / them love vegan food.

6. A: Is that the man you told me about? B: Yes, that’s he / him.
7. We all like cake except she / her.

8. He / him will get a new phone soon.

9. His sister isn’t as tall as he / him.
10. Is that chocolate for I / me?
11. She / her wants to go home early.

12. Everyone arrived on time but he / him.

13. Please keep up with we / us.

14. A: Who ate all the chocolate? B: She / Her!

15. We / us have been to Rio.

16. Could you pass the coffee to she / her?

17. My brother is taller than I / me.
18. I / me went to the bookshop yesterday.

19. Our new teacher is friendlier than she / her.

20. All the children came inside except they / them
 6

11. I’d like…

Axel: What do you want to do in the future?

Mary: I’d like to be a chef. I want to have my own restaurant.
Axel: What kind of food would you like to cook?
Mary: I’d like to cook Greek food.
Axel: Oh, if you do that, I want to eat there. Mary:
I’d like that!
Axel: Would you like…?

We use Would you like…? to offer something or to invite somebody to do

something. Would you like…? = ‘Do you want…?’

 Would you like some cake? (=Do you want some cake?)
 Would you like some coffee?
 Would you like to go to the cinema? (=Do you want to go to the cinema?)
 Where would you like to go?

I’d like
We use I’d like (=I would like) to talk about something that we want or something that we want to
do.

 I’d like some water, please. (=I want some water.)

 I’d like more information about this product.
 I’d like to go to the zoo. (=I want to go to the zoo.)
 I’d like to have a lemonade.

like
We use like + things or people to say that we think these things or people are nice or good.

 I like coffee. (=I think coffee is good.)

 I like John. (=I think John is nice.)

We use like + -ing verb to say that we enjoy doing something.

 I like dancing. (=I enjoy dancing.)

 I like going to the cinema. (=I enjoy going to the cinema.)
 6

We use do in questions.

 Do you like coffee?

 Do you like going to the cinema?

like vs would like

Compare the following sentences:

 I like tea. (=I think tea is good.)

 I’d like some tea. (=I want some tea.)
 Do you like tea? (=Do you think tea is good?)
 Would you like some tea? (=Do you want some tea?)

We use like + -ing verb and would like + to + infinitive. Compare:

 I like going to the cinema. (=I enjoy going to the cinema.)

 I’d like to go to the cinema. (=I want to go to the cinema.)
 Do you like going to the cinema? (=Do you enjoy going to the cinema?)
 Would you like to go to the cinema? (=Do you want to go to the cinema?)

Exercise 1
EXAMPLES:
Read the following sentences with Do you want or I want and write sentences with the same
I meaning
want someusingcoffee.
would you
⇒ like or I’d like.
I’d like some coffee.
Do you want some coffee? ⇒
Would you like some coffee?

1I want to go out tonight. ⇒ _ tonight.

2Do you want to come with us? ⇒ with us?

3Do you want a sandwich? ⇒ _ a sandwich?

4I want a bottle of water, please. ⇒ _ a bottle of

water, please.

5Where do you want to go? ⇒ Where ?

6I want to learn French. ⇒ _ French.

7What do you want for dessert? ⇒ What _ for

dessert?

8I want to stay with you today. ⇒________________________________________with you today.

9Do you want to meet my family? ⇒ _ my family?

10I want an answer. ⇒ I _ an answer.

 6

12. Intensifiers;
We use words like very, really and extremely to make adjectives stronger:
It's a very interesting story.
Everyone was very excited.
It's a really interesting story.
Everyone was extremely excited.
We call these words intensifiers. Other intensifiers are:

We also use enough to say more about an adjective, but

enough comes after its adjective:
amazingly particular
Ifexceptional
you are seventeen, you are old enough to drive ly a car.
I ly
can't wear those shoes. They're not big enough. remarkab
incredibly ly
Intensifiers with strong adjectives unusually

Strong adjectives are words like:

very big enormous, huge

very small tiny

very clever brilliant

 6

very bad awful, terrible, disgusting, dreadful

very sure certain

very good excellent, perfect, ideal, wonderful, splendid

very tasty delicious

We do not normally use very with these adjectives. We do not say something is
very enormous or someone is very brilliant.

With strong adjectives, we normally use intensifiers like:

absolutely really
completely quite
exceptionally totally
particularly utterly

The film was absolutely awful.

He was an exceptionally brilliant child.
The food smelled really disgusting.

Intensifiers with particular adjectives

Some intensifiers go with particular adjectives depending on the meaning of the

adjective:
I'm afraid your wife is dangerously ill.
The engine was dangerously hot.
The car was seriously damaged.
Fortunately, none of the passengers was seriously hurt.
 6

Some intensifiers go with particular adjectives. For example, we use the intensifier
highly with the adjectives successful, intelligent, likely and unlikely:
He was highly intelligent.
She’s a highly successful businesswoman.
but we do NOT say:
We had a highly tasty meal.
That is a highly good idea.
We use the intensifier bitterly with the adjectives
disappointed, unhappy and cold:
I was bitterly unhappy at school.
We were bitterly disappointed to lose the match.
It can get bitterly cold in winter.
You need to use your dictionary to find which nouns these intensifiers go with.

Intensifiers with comparatives and superlatives

We use these words and phrases as intensifiers with comparative adjectives:

much a great deal

far a good deal
a lot a good bit
quite a a fair bit
lot

He is much older than me.

New York is a lot bigger than Boston.
We use much and far as intensifiers with comparative adjectives in front of a
noun:
France is a much bigger country than Britain.
He is a far better player than Ronaldo.
We use these words as intensifiers with superlative adjectives: easily, by far,
much:
The blue whale is easily the biggest animal in the world.
This car was by far the most expensive.
 6

Adjectives as intensifiers

We use some adjectives as intensifiers with nouns:

absolute complete total perfect real utter

We say:
He's a complete idiot.
They were talking utter nonsense.
but we do NOT say:
The idiot was complete.
The nonsense they were talking was utter.
Extra:
 6

Exercise:
Write 10 sentences using intensifiers you learned:
 6

13. How to get to?;

7
 7

Asking and giving directions:

 Excuse me, could you help me?

 Hello! May I ask for some help? I need to get to the CN Tower

 Tip: Finish with a “thank you” and “have a nice day”.

 How can we get to High Park?

 Where is Chinatown? Where am I on this map?

 Which subway line should I take to get to the Rogers Centre?

 It’s about two blocks from here.

 Go along the street until you reach the traffic lights.

 You will see construction on the road.

 That place is very close to Dundas Square.

 it far? No, it isn’t very far. It will take you 10 minutes to walk there.

 Well, it is quite far. You’d better take the streetcar.

 Take the streetcar / take the bus / go by streetcar / go by bus

 Take the streetcar number / take the bus number

 Get on at station/street/stop

 Change at station/street/stop

 Change to the yellow/green subway line

 Go straight ahead, then turn right at the crossroads.

 Please, where is the closest police station?

 Go down this street!

 Go straight and up the stairs!

 7

A Police Officer and A Tourist

Tourist: Excuse me officer, I think I am lost. Can you help me find my hotel,
please?
Officer: Certainly, What's the name of your hotel?
Tourist: It's the GrammarBank Hotel.
Officer: Hmm, I think I know where it is.
Tourist: Is it far?
Officer: No, not really. Do you have a car, are you driving?
Tourist: No, I don't have a car.
Officer: Okay, actually it's only about 10 minutes walk. But if you want, I can
call you a cab.
Tourist: No, thank you. I don't mind walking.
Officer: Okay then, let me give you the directions.
Tourist: Thank you. I appreciate that.
Officer: Now, go along this street until you get to the Bank. Do you see the
tall building?
Tourist: Yeah.
Officer: So, at the traffic lights there, turn left to Great Sheva Avenue.
Tourist: Okay, I will turn left.
Officer: Correct. Then go straight on, take the second right and that
should take you to the GrammarBank Hotel.
Tourist: Okay, I will take the second left.
Officer: No, it's the second right.
Tourist: Ah, right. The second right.
Officer: Yes sir, left at the traffic lights near the bank and then the
second right.
Tourist: Got it, thank you very much for your help.
Officer: No problem, have a nice day.

Exercise:

1. Can you tell me to your office?

how the way

 the way

 where
2. How do I your house?

 arrive

 get to

 know the way

 7

3. here by car or by train?

 Do you get

 Do you take

 Are you getting

4. The journey about twenty minutes.

 is long

 takes

 needs
5. the motorway at junction 8.

Exit

Come off

Take off
6. Follow the signs the town center.

at

on

for
7. Go the school then turn right.

 across

 over

 past
8. Take the second turning your left.

 at

 on

 to
7

9. When to the roundabout, take the second exit.

 you get

 you'll get

 you reach
10. At the lights, turn right.

 red

 road

traffic
7
7

14. Phrasal verbs:

Do you know how to use verbs in phrases like pick the kids up, turn the
music down and look after my cat?
Here are some examples:
This is the form. Please can you fill it in?
Why are you bringing that argument up now?
Police are looking into connections between the two crimes.
We need to come up with a solution.

Phrasal verbs are very common in English, especially in more informal contexts. They are
made up of a verb and a particle or, sometimes, two particles. The particle often changes the
meaning of the verb.
I called Jen to see how she was. (call = to telephone)
They've called off the meeting. (call off = to cancel)
In terms of word order, there are two main types of phrasal verb: separable and
inseparable.
7
7
7

15. Conditionals:
Zero Conditional:

Celia: Where do you work?

Evelyn: I work at the beach. I am a lifeguard.
Celia: Nice. That must be a great job.
Evelyn: Sometimes. But, if it is hot, it gets really busy.
Celia: What about in winter?
Evelyn: When winter comes, the beaches are empty, so I there’s no work.
Celia: Oh, too bad.
 The zero conditional shows a simple cause and effect. Action A causes Action B. Turn
on the heater if it gets hot.
 Because zero conditionals are subordinating clauses, the order of the clauses can be reversed.
He gets mood if he does not have coffee.

First Conditional:
Conditional 1，describes a situation that is very likely to happen in the
future
If A happens Present tense，B will happen Future tense.
Dialogue 1
Henry: Are you up for a movie tonight?
Elain: I don't know, the weather sucks lately. Look, it’s chucking down again. Henry:
Well, if it clears up later P, we will go out F. I’m so bored!
Elain: Fine. But if it doesn’t P, I will not go with you F.
Question 1: What will they do if the rain stops? If the rain , they _ .
Dialogue 2
Elain: I’m going to work overtime again. I have so much work to do!
Henry: Are you preparing for the report for our next project?
Henry: I’m still working, too. If I finish early P, I will see what I can do F!
Question 2: What will Henry do if he finishes his work?
8

Dialogue 3
Elain: Where is my phone? I can’t find it anywhere.
Henry: Did you check your drawer? You put it there last time.
Elain: I checked. It’s not there. Can you call my number? If my phone rings P, I will find it F. Henry:
Sure. But if it’s on vibrate P, I’m not sure this will work (=I think this will not work) F. Elain: I’m pretty
sure it’s not on vibrate. Come on, please just do it. I’m waiting for a phone call. Question 3: What will
happen if Elain’s phone rings? If her phone rings, …
8

What now?

Congratulations, you have worked very hard to be here and this is incredible! Enjoy

everything you’ve learned and don’t stop practicing.

We have more contents for you, now you can consider yourself intermediate, gofor fluency
with us!