○ Histologia Humana ○

1. Defina o que é o tecido epitelial e explique sua importância no organismo.

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2. Quais são as principais funções do tecido epitelial no corpo humano?
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3. Descreva as características gerais das células epiteliais, incluindo sua forma, polaridade e capacidade de regeneração.
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4. Quais são os principais tipos de revestimento epitelial e onde cada um deles é encontrado no corpo?
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5. Explique a importância das junções celulares no tecido epitelial e mencione os principais tipos de junções celulares encontrados nas
células epiteliais.
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6. Como o tecido epitelial é classificado com base no número de camadas de células e na forma das células? Dê exemplos de cada tipo de
classificação.
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7. Quais são as principais funções das glândulas epiteliais? Como elas diferem das células epiteliais de revestimento?
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8. Explique a diferença entre epitélio simples e epitélio estratificado. Dê exemplos de onde cada um é encontrado no corpo.
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9. O que são microvilosidades, cílios e estereocílios? Qual é a função de cada um deles no epitélio?
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10. Discuta as características e funções do tecido epitelial glandular, incluindo as diferenças entre glândulas exócrinas e endócrinas.
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11. O que é o tecido conjuntivo e qual é sua principal função no organismo?
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12. Quais são os componentes básicos do tecido conjuntivo e como eles se organizam?
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13. Descreva as principais funções das fibras colágenas, elásticas e reticulares no tecido conjuntivo.
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14. Compare e contraste os tipos de células encontradas no tecido conjuntivo, incluindo fibroblastos, macrófagos e células adiposas.
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15. Explique o que é matriz extracelular e qual é sua importância no tecido conjuntivo.
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16. Quais são os principais tipos de tecido conjuntivo propriamente dito? Dê exemplos de onde cada tipo é encontrado no corpo.
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 17. Descreva as características do tecido conjuntivo frouxo e do tecido conjuntivo denso, incluindo suas funções e localizações.
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18. O que são cartilagens? Quais são os tipos de cartilagem encontrados no corpo e onde cada tipo é predominante?
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19. Explique a diferença entre ossificação intramembranosa e endocondral na formação de ossos a partir do tecido conjuntivo.
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20. Qual é o papel do sistema linfático no contexto do tecido conjuntivo? Descreva a estrutura e função dos gânglios linfáticos.
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Questões de Múltipla Escolha:

21. Qual é a função principal do tecido conjuntivo no organismo?

a) Transporte de oxigênio b) Proteção contra infecções c) Condução de impulsos nervosos d) Sustentação e preenchimento de espaços
22. As fibras colágenas são conhecidas por:
a) Proporcionar elasticidade aos tecidos b) Serem altamente ramificadas c) Serem finas e flexíveis d) Oferecer resistência e força aos tecidos
23. Qual célula é responsável pela síntese das fibras colágenas no tecido conjuntivo?
a) Fibroblastos b) Macrófagos c) Células adiposas d) Células endoteliais
24. O que é matriz extracelular no tecido conjuntivo?
a) Uma substância que não tem importância funcional b) O espaço entre as células c) As fibras colágenas e elásticas d) As células de defesa do
sistema imunológico
25. Qual é a função do tecido conjuntivo adiposo?
a) Condução de impulsos nervosos b) Armazenamento de energia c) Filtração de sangue d) Contração muscular
26. Onde podemos encontrar cartilagem hialina no corpo humano?
a) Na orelha externa b) Nas articulações do quadril c) Nas costelas d) Nas extremidades dos ossos longos
27. Qual é o tipo de osso encontrado no crânio humano?
a) Ossos longos b) Ossos planos c) Ossos curtos d) Ossos irregulares
28. Qual é a principal função das células osteoclastos nos ossos?
a) Síntese de matriz óssea b) Quebra de matriz óssea c) Armazenamento de minerais d) Condução de impulsos nervosos

Questões Verdadeiro ou Falso:

29. ( ) Os fibroblastos são células do tecido conjuntivo responsáveis pela síntese de fibras elásticas.
30. ( ) O tecido conjuntivo denso irregular é encontrado na derme da pele, proporcionando resistência e elasticidade.
31. ( ) A matriz extracelular do tecido conjuntivo é composta principalmente por células e não possui fibras.
32. ( ) As cartilagens são altamente vascularizadas, o que facilita a regeneração de tecidos cartilaginosos danificados.
33. ( ) O tecido ósseo compacto é encontrado na epífise dos ossos longos e é responsável por armazenar a medula óssea vermelha.

Questões de Correspondência:

34. Associe cada tipo de célula do tecido conjuntivo com sua função correspondente:
 (A) Fibroblastos
 (B) Macrófagos
 (C) Células adiposas

( ) Síntese de fibras colágenas e elásticas. ( ) Fagocitose de partículas estranhas e células mortas. ( ) Armazenamento de gordura.

Questões de Preenchimento de Espaço:

35. O sistema linfático é uma parte importante do tecido conjuntivo e é composto por órgãos como ____________ e ____________.
36. O processo de formação de osso a partir do tecido conjuntivo é chamado de ____________.

Questões Dissertativas:

37. Descreva a estrutura e a função das fibras elásticas no tecido conjuntivo.

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38. Explique a diferença entre tecido conjuntivo frouxo e tecido conjuntivo denso, dando exemplos de onde cada um é encontrado no
corpo humano.
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39. Qual é a importância do sistema linfático no contexto do tecido conjuntivo?
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40. Discuta o processo de regeneração do tecido cartilaginoso e por que é mais limitado em comparação com outros tipos de tecido
conjuntivo.
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41. Qual tipo de tecido conjuntivo é encontrado na medula óssea e é responsável pela produção de células sanguíneas?
a) Tecido conjuntivo frouxo b) Tecido conjuntivo denso regular c) Tecido ósseo d) Tecido cartilaginoso

Questões Dissertativas:

42. Explique a diferença entre tecido conjuntivo frouxo e tecido conjuntivo denso, dando exemplos de onde cada um é encontrado no
corpo humano.
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43. Discuta a importância das fibras elásticas no tecido conjuntivo, incluindo suas funções e onde são encontradas.
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44. Descreva a estrutura e a função das cartilagens no corpo humano, mencionando pelo menos dois tipos de cartilagem e suas
localizações.
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45. Qual é a importância do sistema linfático no contexto do tecido conjuntivo? Explique como ele está relacionado com a defesa
imunológica.
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46. Discuta o processo de regeneração do tecido cartilaginoso e por que é mais limitado em comparação com outros tipos de tecido
conjuntivo.
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47. O que são os osteoblastos e qual é o seu papel na formação e manutenção dos ossos?
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48. Explique a diferença entre os tipos de tecido conjuntivo propriamente dito: tecido conjuntivo frouxo, tecido conjuntivo denso regular e
tecido conjuntivo denso irregular.
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49. Qual é a função das células adiposas no tecido conjuntivo adiposo e como elas armazenam energia?
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50. Como o tecido conjuntivo desempenha um papel na cicatrização de feridas? Explique as fases do processo de reparo de tecidos
envolvendo o tecido conjuntivo.
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Questões de Múltipla Escolha:

51. Qual é a principal função do tecido epitelial?

a) Condução de impulsos nervosos b) Secreção de hormônios c) Proteção, absorção e secreção d) Armazenamento de energia
52. As células epiteliais são geralmente:
a) Altamente vascularizadas b) Pouco especializadas c) Bem conectadas umas às outras d) Capazes de contração muscular
53. Qual é a principal característica das células epiteliais simples?
a) Uma única camada de células b) Várias camadas de células c) Células altas e estreitas d) Células achatadas
54. Qual tipo de epitélio é encontrado nas vias respiratórias, nas trompas uterinas e nas vilosidades do intestino delgado?
a) Epitélio simples pavimentoso b) Epitélio simples cúbico c) Epitélio simples colunar d) Epitélio estratificado pavimentoso
55. Onde podemos encontrar epitélio de transição no corpo humano?
a) Na pele b) Na bexiga urinária c) No revestimento dos intestinos d) Nos alvéolos pulmonares
56. Qual é a função principal do epitélio pseudoestratificado ciliado?
a) Absorção de nutrientes b) Secreção de muco c) Proteção contra abrasão d) Contração muscular
57. O que são microvilosidades e qual é a sua função nas células epiteliais?
a) Extensões celulares que aumentam a superfície de absorção b) Células que produzem muco c) Estruturas de sustentação d) Células de
defesa
58. Quais são os principais tipos de glândulas epiteliais? Dê exemplos de cada tipo.
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Questões Verdadeiro ou Falso:

59. ( ) O tecido epitelial é avascular, ou seja, não possui vasos sanguíneos.

60. ( ) As células epiteliais são frequentemente polarizadas, com uma superfície apical e uma basal.
61. ( ) As células epiteliais de revestimento são geralmente ciliadas para auxiliar no transporte de partículas.

Questões de Correspondência:

62. Associe cada tipo de epitélio com sua localização no corpo:

 (A) Epitélio simples pavimentoso
 (B) Epitélio simples cúbico
 (C) Epitélio simples colunar
 (D) Epitélio estratificado pavimentoso
 (E) Epitélio pseudoestratificado ciliado

( ) Reveste os alvéolos pulmonares. ( ) Encontrado nos túbulos renais. ( ) Reveste a traqueia. ( ) Reveste os intestinos. ( ) Reveste os vasos
sanguíneos.

Questões Dissertativas:

63. Explique a importância das junções celulares no tecido epitelial e mencione os principais tipos de junções celulares.
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64. Descreva a estrutura e a função das glândulas exócrinas e endócrinas e dê exemplos de cada tipo.
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65. Compare e contraste os principais tipos de epitélio estratificado, incluindo o pavimentoso, o cúbico e o colunar. Onde cada um é
encontrado no corpo?
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66. Discuta a função das células caliciformes nas vias respiratórias e do muco que elas produzem.
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67. Qual é a importância do epitélio de transição nas vias urinárias e como ele se adapta a distensões?
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68. Descreva as diferenças entre microvilosidades, cílios e estereocílios nas células epiteliais. Qual é a função de cada uma dessas
estruturas?
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69. Explique como as glândulas sudoríparas e as glândulas sebáceas são classificadas com base em sua estrutura e função.
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70. Discuta a importância do tecido epitelial na barreira de proteção do corpo e na manutenção do equilíbrio interno.
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