Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária

Embrapa Solos
Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento

Sistema Brasileiro de
lassiĮĐaĕĆo de Solos

5ª edição
revista e ampliada

Embrapa
Brasília, DF
2018
Exemplares desta publicação podem ser adquiridos na:
Embrapa Solos
Rua Jardim Botânico, 1024
CEP 22460-000 Rio de Janeiro, RJ
Fone: (21) 2179-4500
www.embrapa.br
www.embrapa.br/fale-conosco/sac/
^ƵƉĞƌǀŝƐĆŽĞĚŝƚŽƌŝĂů
:ĂĐƋƵĞůŝŶĞ^ŝůǀĂZĞnjĞŶĚĞDĂƩŽƐ
ZĞǀŝƐĆŽĚĞƚĞdžƚŽ
Marcos Antônio Nakayama
EŽƌŵĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽďŝďůŝŽŐƌĄĮĐĂ
Luciana Sampaio de Araujo

WƌŽũĞƚŽŐƌĄĮĐŽĞĞĚŝƚŽƌĂĕĆŽĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐĂ
omitġ >oĐal de WƵbliĐaĕƁes da Embrapa Solos Marcos Antônio Nakayama

Presidente Capa
Vinicius de Melo Benites Eduardo Guedes de Godoy

^ĞĐƌĞƚĄƌŝĂͲdžĞĐƵƟǀĂ
:ĂĐƋƵĞůŝŶĞ^ŝůǀĂZĞnjĞŶĚĞDĂƩŽƐ
Membros
Ademar Barros da Silva
Adriana Vieira de Camargo de Moraes
Bernadete da Conceição Carvalho Gomes Pedreira
Enyomara Lourenço Silva
Evaldo de Paiva Lima
Joyce Maria Guimarães Monteiro
Luciana Sampaio de Araujo
Maria Regina Capdeville Laforet
Maurício Rizzato Coelho
DŽĞŵĂĚĞůŵĞŝĚĂĂƟƐƚĂ
Ricardo de Oliveira Dart
Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira
ϭǐ ediĕĆo
1ª impressão (1999): 1.000 exemplares
2ª impressão (2000): 1.000 exemplares
3ª impressão (2000): 1.000 exemplares
4ª impressão (2001): 1.000 exemplares
5ª impressão (2002): 1.000 exemplares
6ª impressão (2003): 1.000 exemplares
Ϯǐ ediĕĆo
1ª impressão (2006): 2.000 exemplares
ϮǐŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ;ϮϬϬϴͿ͗Ϯ͘ϬϬϬĞdžĞŵƉůĂƌĞƐ
3ª impressão (2009): 2.000 exemplares
4ª impressão (2010): 2.000 exemplares
5ª impressão (2011): 2.000 exemplares
ϯǐ ediĕĆo
1ª impressão (2013): 2.000 exemplares
2ª impressão (2017): 3.000 exemplares

ϰǐ ediĕĆo
WƵďůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚŝŐŝƚĂůŝnjĂĚĂ;ϮϬϭϴͿ

ϱǐ ediĕĆo
ϭǐŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ;ϮϬϭϴͿ͗ϯ͘ϬϬϬĞdžĞŵƉůĂƌĞƐ

Todos os direitos reservados.

A reprodução não autorizada desta publicação, no todo ou em parte,
ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝǀŝŽůĂĕĆŽĚŽƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐĂƵƚŽƌĂŝƐ;>ĞŝŶǑϵ͘ϲϭϬͿ͘
ados /ŶterŶaĐioŶais de ataloŐaĕĆo Ŷa WƵbliĐaĕĆo ;/WͿ
Embrapa Solos

^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĚĞůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐͬ,ƵŵďĞƌƚŽ'ŽŶĕĂůǀĞƐĚŽƐ^ĂŶƚŽƐ͙΀ĞƚĂů͘΁͘
ʹϱ͘ĞĚ͕͘ƌĞǀ͘ĞĂŵƉů͘оƌĂƐşůŝĂ͕&͗ŵďƌĂƉĂ͕ϮϬϭϴ͘
356 p. : il. color. ; 16 cm x 23 cm.

/^EϵϳϴͲϴϱͲϳϬϯϱͲϴϬϬͲϰ

ϭ͘ůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚŽƐŽůŽ͘Ϯ͘EŽŵĞŶĐůĂƚƵƌĂ͘ϯ͘WĞĚŽůŽŐŝĂ͘/͘^ĂŶƚŽƐ͕,ƵŵďĞƌƚŽ'ŽŶĕĂůǀĞƐ
ĚŽƐ͘//͘:ĂĐŽŵŝŶĞ͕WĂƵůŽ<ůŝŶŐĞƌdŝƚŽ͘///͘ŶũŽƐ͕>ƷĐŝĂ,ĞůĞŶĂƵŶŚĂĚŽƐ͘/s͘KůŝǀĞŝƌĂ͕sŝƌůĞŝ
ůǀĂƌŽĚĞ͘s͘>ƵŵďƌĞƌĂƐ͕:ŽƐĠ&ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽ͘s/͘ŽĞůŚŽ͕DĂƵƌşĐŝŽZŝnjnjĂƚŽ͘s//͘ůŵĞŝĚĂ͕:ĂŝŵĞ
ŶƚŽŶŝŽĚĞ͘s///͘ƌĂƷũŽ&ŝůŚŽ͕:ŽƐĠŽĞůŚŽĚĞ͘/y͘ŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐ͘

ϲϯϭ͘ϰϰ

>ƵĐŝĂŶĂ^ĂŵƉĂŝŽĚĞƌĂƵũŽ;ZϳͬϱϭϲϱͿΞŵďƌĂƉĂ͕ϮϬϭϴ
Autores

,Ƶmberto 'oŶĕalves dos SaŶtos

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ Ğŵ ŝġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ ^ŽůŽ͕ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌ ĚĂ
Embrapa Solos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ

WaƵlo <liŶŐer Tito :aĐomiŶe

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ĚŽƵƚŽƌhonoris causaĞŵ'ġŶĞƐĞ͕DŽƌĨŽůŽŐŝĂ
ĞůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ͕ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĚĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ &ĞĚĞƌĂůZƵƌĂů ĚĞ
WĞƌŶĂŵďƵĐŽ;h&ZWͿ͕ZĞĐŝĨĞ͕W

>ƷĐia ,eleŶa ƵŶŚa dos Ŷũos

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌĂͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵĂ͕ĚŽƵƚŽƌĂĞŵŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽ͕ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂƟƚƵůĂƌ
ĚŽ ĞƉĂƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ^ŽůŽƐ ĚĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ &ĞĚĞƌĂů ZƵƌĂů ĚŽ ZŝŽ ĚĞ
:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ;h&ZZ:Ϳ͕^ĞƌŽƉĠĚŝĐĂ͕Z:

Virlei Álvaro de Oliveira

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ Ğŵ 'ĞŽĐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ Ğ DĞŝŽ ŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͕
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌ ĂƉŽƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ ĚŽ /ŶƐƟƚƵƚŽ ƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĚĞ 'ĞŽŐƌĂĮĂ Ğ
ƐƚĂơƐƟĐĂ;/'Ϳ͕'ŽŝąŶŝĂ͕'K

:osĠ &raŶĐisĐo >Ƶmbreras

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ĚŽƵƚŽƌĞŵWůĂŶĞũĂŵĞŶƚŽĞ'ĞƐƚĆŽŵďŝĞŶƚĂů͕
pesquisador da Embrapa Solos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
DaƵrşĐio Zinjnjato oelŚo
ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ Ğŵ ŝġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ ^ŽůŽ͕ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌ ĚĂ
Embrapa Solos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ

:aime ŶtoŶio de lmeida

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ Ğŵ ŝġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ ^ŽůŽ͕ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ ĚĂ
hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐƚĂĚŽĚĞ^ĂŶƚĂĂƚĂƌŝŶĂ;h^Ϳ͕>ĂŐĞƐ͕^

:osĠ oelŚo de raƷũo &ilŚo

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ Ğŵ 'ĞŽƋƵşŵŝĐĂ Ğ 'ĞŽƚĞĐƚƀŶŝĐĂ͕
pesquisador da Embrapa Solos, Recife, PE

:oĆo Bertoldo de Oliveira

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ Ğŵ ^ŽůŽƐ Ğ EƵƚƌŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ WůĂŶƚĂƐ͕
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌĂƉŽƐĞŶƚĂĚŽĚŽ/ŶƐƟƚƵƚŽŐƌŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ;/Ϳ͕ĂŵƉŝŶĂƐ͕^W

ToŶLJ :arbas &erreira ƵŶŚa

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ͕ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ Ğŵ ŝġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ ^ŽůŽ͕ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌ ĚĂ
Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina, PE
 ŐƌĂĚĞĐĞŵŽƐăƐŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽ͕ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĞƉůĂ-
ŶĞũĂŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĂŽƐ ƉĞĚſůŽŐŽƐ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ƚġŵ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵşĚŽ
ĐŽŵƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐ͕ĐŽŵĞŶƚĄƌŝŽƐĞĐƌşƟĐĂƐĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝ-
ŵĞŶƚŽĚŽ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĚĞůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ͘
In memoriam

DarĐelo EƵnes amarŐo

ŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽͲĂŐƌƀŶŽŵŽ ƉĞůĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ &ĞĚĞƌĂů ZƵƌĂů ĚŽ ZŝŽ ĚĞ :ĂŶĞŝƌŽ
;h&ZZ:Ϳ͕ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ ůŝǀƌĞͲĚŽĐĞŶƚĞ Ğŵ &ŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ ůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ^ŽůŽƐ ƉĞůĂ h&ZZ:͕
ĚŝƉůŽŵĂĚŽ Ğŵ DŽƌĨŽůŽŐŝĂ Ğ 'ġŶĞƐĞ ĚĞ ^ŽůŽƐ ƉĞůĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ ƐƚĂĚƵĂů ĚĂ
ĂƌŽůŝŶĂĚŽEŽƌƚĞ;ƐƚĂĚŽƐhŶŝĚŽƐĚĂŵĠƌŝĐĂͿ͕ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌĚŽ^ĞƌǀŝĕŽEĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚĞ
>ĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĞŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ;ĂƚƵĂůŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐͿĚĂŵƉƌĞƐĂƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ
ĚĞWĞƐƋƵŝƐĂŐƌŽƉĞĐƵĄƌŝĂ;ŵďƌĂƉĂͿ͕ĞdžͲƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂĚũƵŶƚŽĚĂh&ZZ:ĂŐƌĂĐŝĂĚŽ͕Ğŵ
ϭϵϵϰ͕ĐŽŵŽƉƌġŵŝŽDŽŝŶŚŽ^ĂŶƟƐƚĂŶĂĄƌĞĂĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐŐƌĄƌŝĂƐ;ĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂ^ŽůŽƐ
ŐƌşĐŽůĂƐͿ͕ĚĞĚŝĐŽƵƚŽĚĂĂƐƵĂǀŝĚĂĂŽƐĞƐƚƵĚŽƐĚĞŵŽƌĨŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ͕ĐŽƌƌĞůĂ-
ĕĆŽĞĐĂƌƚŽŐƌĂĮĂĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͘sŝŶĚŽĂƐĞƚŽƌŶĂƌŽŵĂŝŽƌĞdžƉŽĞŶƚĞĚĂƉĞĚŽůŽŐŝĂĚĞƐŽůŽƐ
ƚƌŽƉŝĐĂŝƐ͕ ĐŽŽƌĚĞŶŽƵ ŽƐ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĐƵůŵŝŶĂƌĂŵ ĐŽŵ Ă ƉƵďůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ DĂƉĂ ĚĞ
^ŽůŽƐĚŽƌĂƐŝů͕Ğŵϭϵϴϭ͘
ƐƚĂƉĄŐŝŶĂĠƵŵĂŚŽŵĞŶĂŐĞŵĞ͕ĂŽŵĞƐŵŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ƵŵĂŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕĆŽƉƷ-
ďůŝĐĂ ĚĞ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƉĞůŽƐ ŝŶĞƐƟŵĄǀĞŝƐ ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐ ƉƌĞƐƚĂĚŽƐ ĂŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ŶŽ ĐĂŵ-
ƉŽĚĂWĞĚŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ĂŽŝŶĞƐƋƵĞĐşǀĞůĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĞŝƌŽƋƵĞƐĞĚĞĚŝĐŽƵ͕ĂƚĠŽƐƷůƟŵŽƐĚŝĂƐ
ĚĞ ƐƵĂ ǀŝĚĂ͕ ă ƚĂƌĞĨĂ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƌ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ ƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĚĞ
ůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ͘
Apresentação

 ŵďƌĂƉĂ ^ŽůŽƐ͕ ƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĂ ŵƉƌĞƐĂ ƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ ĚĞ WĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ ŐƌŽƉĞĐƵĄƌŝĂ

;ŵďƌĂƉĂͿ͕ƚĞŵĂŚŽŶƌĂĚĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌăƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĞ͕ĞŵĞƐƉĞĐŝĂů͕ăĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ
ŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽ͕ĂϱǐĞĚŝĕĆŽĚŽ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĚĞůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ;^ŝ^Ϳ͘
ƐƚĂŽďƌĂĠŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĂĞdžƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂĐŽůĞƟǀĂĞŵƐŽůŽƐďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ͕ĞŶǀŽů-
ǀĞŶĚŽĐŽůĂďŽƌĂĚŽƌĞƐĚĞĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĚĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĞĞŶƐŝŶŽ͕ƐŽďĂ
ůŝĚĞƌĂŶĕĂĞĐŽŽƌĚĞŶĂĕĆŽĚĂŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐ͘^ƵĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĠĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂ
ƉŽƌƵŵŽŵŝƚġͲdžĞĐƵƟǀŽEĂĐŝŽŶĂůĂƐƐĞƐƐŽƌĂĚŽƉŽƌĐŽůĂďŽƌĂĚŽƌĞƐƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞŶƷ-
ĐůĞŽƐůŽĐĂŝƐĚĞĚŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽĚĂƐĄƌĞĂƐĚĞŐġŶĞƐĞ͕ŵŽƌĨŽůŽŐŝĂĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͘
ŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐĐŽƵďĞĂĐŽŽƌĚĞŶĂĕĆŽĚĞƐƚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ͕ŝŶĐůƵŝŶĚŽĂŝŶĚĂŽƉĂ-
ƉĞůĚĞĂƌƟĐƵůĂĚŽƌĂĚĂƐĂĕƁĞƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂƐƉĂƌĂǀŝĂďŝůŝnjĂƌĂĐŽŶƐĞĐƵĕĆŽĚŽƐŽďũĞƟǀŽƐ
ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƐ͘KŽŵŝƚġͲdžĞĐƵƟǀŽ͕ĐƵũŽƐŵĞŵďƌŽƐƐĆŽŽƐĂƵƚŽƌĞƐĚĞƐƚĂƉƵďůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͕Ġ
ŽƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞůƉĞůŽƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĚĞĂǀĂůŝĂĕĆŽ͕ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĕĆŽ͕ŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĕĆŽĞƌĞĚĂĕĆŽĮŶĂů
do documento.
ůĠŵĚŽŐƌĂŶĚĞĞůŽƵǀĄǀĞůĞƐĨŽƌĕŽŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƉĂƌĂƐŽďƌĞƉƵũĂƌĂƐĚŝĮĐƵůĚĂ-
ĚĞƐŝŶĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĂŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƉƌſƉƌŝŽƉĂƌĂĂĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚŽƐ
ƐŽůŽƐďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ͕ŝŶĐůƵŝŶĚŽĂƐĚŝĮĐƵůĚĂĚĞƐĚĞĂĐĞƐƐŽŐĞŽŐƌĄĮĐŽĞĚĞƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐŚƵŵĂ-
ŶŽƐĞĮŶĂŶĐĞŝƌŽƐ͕ĨŽƌĂŵŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐĂƌƌŽũŽĞĐŽƌĂŐĞŵƉĂƌĂĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĂƌƋƵĞũĄŚĂǀŝĂ
ŶŽWĂşƐĐŝĞŶƟƐƚĂƐďĞŵĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐĞĐĂƉĂĐŝƚĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƌ͕ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌĞŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƌ
ŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŽďƌĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐƚƌŽƉŝĐĂŝƐ͘ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĞĂƐƉĞĐƵůŝĂƌŝĚĂĚĞƐĚĞƐƐĞƐ
ƐŽůŽƐ ŶĆŽ ĞƌĂŵ ƚŽƚĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŶƚĞŵƉůĂĚĂƐ ŶŽƐ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ĞdžŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ
ƉĂƌĂŽƵƚƌĂƐĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐĐůŝŵĄƟĐĂƐĞĚĞƚĞƌƌĞŶŽ͘ƉĂƌƟƌĚŽƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶ-
ƚŽƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĄƟĐŽƐƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚŽƐŶŽƌĂƐŝůĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĂƐĚĠĐĂĚĂƐĚĞϭϵϱϬĞϭϵϲϬ͕
ƋƵĞǀŝĞƌĂŵĂĐƵůŵŝŶĂƌŶŽĂƚƵĂů^ŝ^͕ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂŵͲƐĞŽƐŶŽŵĞƐĚŽƐĞƵůşĚĞƌĞ͕ƚĂůǀĞnj͕
ƐĞŶĆŽ ĐĞƌƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ž ŵĂŝƐ ĚĞĚŝĐĂĚŽ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌ ĚĞƐƚĞ ƚĞŵĂ͕ ƌ͘ DĂƌĐĞůŽ EƵŶĞƐ
ĂŵĂƌŐŽ͕ĞĚĞŽƵƚƌŽŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞĐŽůĂďŽƌĂĚŽƌ͕Žƌ͘:ĂŬŽďĞŶŶĞŵĂ;hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚĞ tĂŐĞŶŝŶŐĞŶ͕ ,ŽůĂŶĚĂͿ͘ EŽƐ ĂŶŽƐ ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ͕ Ž ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ ĨŽŝ ŵĂŶƟĚŽ ƉŽƌ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌĞƐĞƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĞƐ͕ĞŵƐƵĂƐƌĞƐƉĞĐƟǀĂƐŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐĚĞŽƌŝŐĞŵ͕ĞŵƚŽĚŽ
ŽWĂşƐ͕ƋƵĞƐĞĚĞĚŝĐĂŵĂŽĞƐƚƵĚŽĞĂƉƌŽĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƚĞŵĂ͞ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽ-
ůŽƐ͘͟ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐƉĂƌƟĐŝƉĂŶƚĞƐ͕ǀĄƌŝŽƐƐĆŽŵĞŵďƌŽƐĚŽƐEƷĐůĞŽƐ>ŽĐĂŝƐĚĞŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ
ĞŽůĂďŽƌĂĕĆŽ͕ĂŽƐƋƵĂŝƐĞƐƚĞŶĚĞŵŽƐŽƐĂŐƌĂĚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĞƚŽĚŽƐƋƵĞĂƚƵĂŵĞŵ
WĞĚŽůŽŐŝĂŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘
ƉĞƐĂƌĚŽƐŵŽŵĞŶƚŽƐĚŝİĐĞŝƐƉŽƌƋƵĞƉĂƐƐŽƵŶĂƐĚĠĐĂĚĂƐĚĞϭϵϴϬĞϭϵϵϬ͕Ă
WĞĚŽůŽŐŝĂǀĞŵŐĂŶŚĂŶĚŽŶŽǀĂŵĞŶƚĞŽŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĚĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ŶŽƌĂƐŝůĞŶŽŵƵŶ-
ĚŽ͕ƉĞůĂŝŶƋƵĞƐƟŽŶĄǀĞůŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂĚŽƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐŽůŽĞŵƚŽĚĂƐĂƐƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐĚĞƉƌŽĚƵ-
ĕĆŽĚĞĂůŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĮďƌĂƐĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐĐůŝŵĄƟĐĂƐĞƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĂŵďŝĞŶ-
ƚĂů͘ƐƐŝŵ͕ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌŽƐƐŽůŽƐƉĂƌĂŵĞůŚŽƌŵĂŶĞũĄͲůŽƐƉĞůĂŽƟŵŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ
ĚĞ ƉƌĄƟĐĂƐ ĂŐƌŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞŝƐ͕ ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĞdžĞĐƵƚĂƌ ƉůĂŶĞũĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ
ƵƐŽĚĂƐƚĞƌƌĂƐƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĞnjŽŶĞĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ƚŽƌŶŽƵͲƐĞŝŶĚŝƐƉĞŶƐĄǀĞů͕ŝŶĐůƵƐŝǀĞƉĂƌĂĂ
ĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚĞƉŽůşƟĐĂƐƉƷďůŝĐĂƐ͘
sĂůĞĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌƋƵĞĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐĞƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐĞŵĂŶĂĚĂƐĚĂƐZĞƵŶŝƁĞƐĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮ-
cação e correlação de solos ŶŽ ĐĂŵƉŽ ;ZƐͿ͕ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƚĂŵ ĐŽŵ Ă ƉĂƌƟĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ƉĞĚſůŽŐŽƐĚĞƚŽĚŽŽƌĂƐŝů͕ƐĆŽŝŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂĚĂƐƐŽďŽƐĂƵƐƉşĐŝŽƐĚĂŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐ
ĞƐĞƵƐƉĂƌĐĞŝƌŽƐ͘KƐƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐĚĞƐƐĂƐƌĞƵŶŝƁĞƐĞŽƵƚƌĂƐƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐĞĐƌşƟĐĂƐƌĞĐĞ-
ďŝĚĂƐ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂƉĄŐŝŶĂĚŽ^ŝ^ŶĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ(1), de usuários que aplicam o SiBCS
ĚĞƐĚĞϭϵϵϵ;ϭǐĞĚŝĕĆŽͿƚġŵƐŝĚŽĂǀĂůŝĂĚŽƐƉĞůŽŽŵŝƚġͲdžĞĐƵƟǀŽ͕ĞŵƵŝƚŽƐĚĞůĞƐ͕
ƋƵĂŶĚŽŚĄĐŽŶƐĞŶƐŽ͕ƐĆŽŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĚŽƐĂŽ^ŝ^͘ƐƐŝŵ͕ĚĞƐĚĞĂϰǐĞĚŝĕĆŽĚŽ^ŝ^͕
ĨŽƌĂŵ ƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚĂƐ ĚƵĂƐ ZƐ ;Ğŵ ZŽƌĂŝŵĂ Ğ ZŽŶĚƀŶŝĂͿ͕ ĂƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵşƌĂŵ ƐŝŐ-
ŶŝĮĐĂƟǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĂƉĞƌĨĞŝĕŽĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ͘ WĂƌĂ ƌĞĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽ ĚĞƐƐĂƐ ZƐ͕
ŚŽƵǀĞĂƉŽŝŽĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĐŽĞĮŶĂŶĐĞŝƌŽĚĂŵďƌĂƉĂĞĚĞŽƵƚƌĂƐŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽ
ĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͕ďĞŵĐŽŵŽĂƉŽŝŽĮŶĂŶĐĞŝƌŽĚĞſƌŐĆŽƐĚĞĨŽŵĞŶƚŽăƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĐŝĞŶơĮĐĂ͕
ĐŽŵŽŽŽŶƐĞůŚŽEĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚĞĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽŝĞŶơĮĐŽĞdĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐŽ;EWƋͿĞĂ
ŽŽƌĚĞŶĂĕĆŽĚĞƉĞƌĨĞŝĕŽĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞWĞƐƐŽĂůĚĞEşǀĞů^ƵƉĞƌŝŽƌ;ĂƉĞƐͿ͘
ĞůĂďŽƌĂĕĆŽĚŽ^ŝ^͕ƋƵĞĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽĞƉĞƐ-
quisa de todo o Brasil, representa um claro exemplo de parceria bem-sucedida para
ĂƌĞƚŽŵĂĚĂĚĞƐƐĞƚĞŵĂĐŽŵŽƵŵƉƌŽũĞƚŽŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĞƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚĂĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĚĂŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽĚŽƌĂƐŝů͘,ŽũĞ͕Ž^ŝ^ƚĞŵĂďƌĂŶŐġŶĐŝĂŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů
ĞĠĂĚŽƚĂĚŽĞŵĐƵƌƐŽƐĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐŐƌĄƌŝĂƐĞŽƵƚƌŽƐĚĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞƐďƌĂƐŝ-
ůĞŝƌĂƐ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞƐĞƌƚĞŵĂĚĞƵŵĚŽƐůŝǀƌŽƐŵĂŝƐǀĞŶĚŝĚŽƐĚĂŵďƌĂƉĂ͘
K^ŝ^͕ŶĞƐƚĂϱǐĞĚŝĕĆŽ͕ĐŽŶƟŶƵĂĂƐĞƌƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂŚŝĞƌĄƌƋƵŝĐŽĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂ-
ĕĆŽĞďƵƐĐĂĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂƌĂƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƟnjĂĕĆŽƚĂdžŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƋƵĞĞdžƉƌĞƐƐĞŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ƉĂƌĂĂĚŝƐĐƌŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĚĂƐŶŽWĂşƐ͘ƐĂůƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐƌĞĂůŝnjĂ-
ĚĂƐŶĞƐƚĂĞĚŝĕĆŽĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽăĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŵĚĞƐĚĞŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐŶŽƐĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ
ĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐĚĞŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐĂƚĠĂŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĕĆŽĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐĞŵŶşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝ-

1
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƩƉƐ͗ͬͬwww.embrapa.br/solos/sibcs>.
ĐŽƐĚĞƐƵďŽƌĚĞŵ͕ŐƌĂŶĚĞŐƌƵƉŽ͕ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽĞĨĂŵşůŝĂ͘ŽŶƚƵĚŽ͕ĂWĞĚŽůŽŐŝĂĞĂĐůĂƐ-
ƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͕ĚĞǀŝĚŽăƐƵĂƉƌſƉƌŝĂŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂĞƐĐĂůĂͲĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ͕ŶĆŽƐĆŽĮŶŝƚĂƐ
per se͘ĨĂƚŽƋƵĞĞƐƐĂƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƟnjĂĕĆŽƐĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĂŝŶĚĂŝŶĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĂƚƵĂů
ĞŵƌĂnjĆŽĚĂĞdžŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ͕ŶŽWĂşƐ͕ĚĞƐŽůŽƐĂŝŶĚĂĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽƐ;ĞƋƵĞƉŽƐƐĂŵũƵƐƟ-
ĮĐĂƌĂŝŶĐůƵƐĆŽĚĞŶŽǀĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĞŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŶşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂͿĞĚĂ
ŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂŝŶĞƌĞŶƚĞĂƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ͕ƋƵĂůƐĞũĂ͕ĂĚĞĞǀŽůƵŝƌĞƐĞĂĚĞƋƵĂƌ
ĂŽĂǀĂŶĕŽĚĂŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽ͕ĐŽŵŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽĚĞŶŽǀĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĞŵŽĚŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞĂŶƟ-
ŐĂƐăŵĞĚŝĚĂƋƵĞŶŽǀŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĐŝĞŶơĮĐŽĠŐĞƌĂĚŽ͘
WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ƐŽůŝĐŝƚĂͲƐĞĂŽƐƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐĂĐŽŶơŶƵĂĞdžƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĞĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚŽ
^ŝ^ĞŽĞŶǀŝŽĚĞƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐĞĐƌşƟĐĂƐƉĂƌĂƋƵĞŽƌĂƐŝůƉŽƐƐĂĐŽŶƚĂƌĐŽŵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů
ƉĂƌĂŶŽǀĂƐĞĚŝĕƁĞƐĂƉƌŝŵŽƌĂĚĂƐĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ͘
ŽƐƉŝŽŶĞŝƌŽƐĞăƐŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĂƚƵĂŝƐĚĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌĞƐĚĞĚŝĐĂĚŽƐăĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂ-
ĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƐŽůŽƐ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ŶŽƐƐŽƐ ƐŝŶĐĞƌŽƐ ƉĂƌĂďĠŶƐ ƉĞůĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ
sobre o tema.

José Carlos Polidoro

ŚĞĨĞͲ'ĞƌĂůŝŶƚĞƌŝŶŽĚĂŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐ
EŽƚĂĚŽŽŵŝƚġͲdžĞĐƵƟǀŽ

EĂ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ ĞĚŝĕĆŽ͕ Ž ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ ƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĚĞ ůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ^ŽůŽƐ ;^ŝ^Ϳ
ŵĂŶƚĠŵ Ă ŵĞƐŵĂ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ŐĞƌĂů͕ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ ƌĞĚĞĮŶŝĕƁĞƐ Ğ ĐŽƌƌĞĕƁĞƐ͕
está liberado para o uso e pode ser citado e correlacionado com outros sistemas.
ƐƚĂŽďƌĂƐĞƌĄĂƉĞƌĨĞŝĕŽĂĚĂĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚĞĂŶŽƐĨƵƚƵƌŽƐ͕ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂ-
ĚŽƉĞůŽƵƐŽĞĨĞƟǀŽĞŵůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͕ĞƐƚƵĚŽƐĚĞĐŽƌƌĞůĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐĞ
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŶĂĄƌĞĂĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽ͘
Ɛ ĂůƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĂƋƵŝ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĚŝƐƉŽŶŝďŝůŝnjĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƚĞƐƚĞƐ Ğ ǀĂůŝ-
dação pelos usuários (Santos et al., 2016, 2017) e parcialmente apresentadas no
ŽŶŐƌĞƐƐŽƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽĚĞϮϬϭϳ͘ďƌĂŶŐĞŵĚĞƐĚĞĚĞĮŶŝĕƁĞƐĞĐŽŶ-
ĐĞŝƚŽƐ ďĄƐŝĐŽƐ ĂƚĠ ƌĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ Ğŵ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ŶşǀĞŝƐ ĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐ͘ dĂŝƐ
ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƌĞŇĞdžŽƐ ĚĂƐ ƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐ Ğ ĐƌşƟĐĂƐ ƌĞĐĞďŝĚĂƐ ĚĞ ƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐ ĚŽ ^ŝ^ Ğ͕
ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ͕ĚĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐĞƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐĞŵĂŶĂĚĂƐĚĂƐƷůƟŵĂƐƐĞƚĞƌĞƵŶŝƁĞƐĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂ-
ĕĆŽĞĐŽƌƌĞůĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐ;ZƐͿƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚĂƐŶĂƐƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ^Ƶů͕^ƵĚĞƐƚĞĞEŽƌƚĞĚŽWĂşƐ
;ZĞƵŶŝĆŽ͕͘͘͘ϮϬϬϬ͕ϮϬϬϱ͕ϮϬϬϴ͕ϮϬϭϬĂ͕ϮϬϭϬď͕ϮϬϭϮ͕ϮϬϭϯ͕ϮϬϭϱ͕ϮϬϭϳͿ͘ƐZƐƚƌĂ-
ĚŝĐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞƚġŵƉĞƌŵŝƟĚŽĂǀĂůŝĚĂĕĆŽĞŽĂƉĞƌĨĞŝĕŽĂŵĞŶƚŽĚŽ^ŝ^͕ďĞŵĐŽŵŽ
Ă ƵŶŝĨŽƌŵŝnjĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ͕ Ž ŝŶƚĞƌĐąŵďŝŽ ŝŶƚĞƌŝŶƐƟƚƵĐŝŽŶĂů Ğ Ă ƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ
ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĞŶƚƌĞƉƌŽĮƐƐŝŽŶĂŝƐĚĂŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽ͘
ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐĂƉĞƌĨĞŝĕŽĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂŵͲƐĞĂũƵƐƚĞƐ͕ĐŽƌƌĞĕƁĞƐĞƌĞĚĞĮŶŝĕƁĞƐ
ĚĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐďĄƐŝĐŽƐƌĞůĂƟǀŽƐĂĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽ͖ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌĞƐĂƌŐŝůƷǀŝĐŽ͕ĂůƵŵşŶŝĐŽĞ
ĐƌƀŵŝĐŽ͖ĐŽŶƚĂƚŽůşƟĐŽ͖ĐŽŶƚĂƚŽůşƟĐŽĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĄƌŝŽ͖ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝĕĆŽĞƐƋƵĞůĠƟĐĂĚŽƐŽůŽ͖
ŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞŚşƐƟĐŽĞŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĂŶƚƌſƉŝĐŽ͘ůƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĚĞƌĞĚĂĕĆŽ͕ƌĞĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚĂƐĞ-
ção de controle, de eliminação ou incorporação de classes de solos são propostas
ŶŽƐŶşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐĚĞŽƌĚĞŵ;'ůĞŝƐƐŽůŽƐ͕EŝƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ͕KƌŐĂŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐ͕sĞƌƟƐƐŽůŽƐͿ͖
ĚĞƐƵďŽƌĚĞŵ;ƌŐŝƐƐŽůŽƐsĞƌŵĞůŚŽƐ͕ĂŵďŝƐƐŽůŽƐ,şƐƟĐŽƐ͕ŚĞƌŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐƌŐŝůƷǀŝĐŽƐ͕
EĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐ>ŝƚſůŝĐŽƐ͕ EĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐZĞŐŽůşƟĐŽƐ͕WůĂŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐ EĄƚƌŝĐŽƐͿ͖ĚĞŐƌĂŶĚĞŐƌƵƉŽ
;ŝŶĐůƵƐĆŽĚŽƐWƐĂŵşƟĐŽƐŶŽƐEĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐZĞŐŽůşƟĐŽƐ͕ƌĞĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚŽƐWƐĂŵşƟĐŽƐŶŽƐ
EĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐ &ůƷǀŝĐŽƐ͕ ĞdžĐůƵƐĆŽ ĚŽƐ ŝƐƚƌŽƷŵďƌŝĐŽƐ Ğ ƵƚƌŽƷŵďƌŝĐŽƐ ŶŽƐ EĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐ
>ŝƚſůŝĐŽƐĞEĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐZĞŐŽůşƟĐŽƐ͕ĞdžĐůƵƐĆŽĚŽƐůşƟĐŽƐĞŵǀĄƌŝĂƐƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐ͕ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ
ĚŽƐ,şƐƟĐŽƐĞĞdžĐůƵƐĆŽĚŽƐ,ƷŵŝĐŽƐŶŽƐ'ůĞŝƐƐŽůŽƐdŝŽŵſƌĮĐŽƐͿ͖ĞĚĞƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽ;ŝŶ-
ĐůƵƐƁĞƐĚĞŝŶƷŵĞƌĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͕ĞdžĐůƵƐĆŽĚŽƐƷŵďƌŝĐŽƐ͕ƌĞĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚŽƐĐŚĞƌ-
ŶŽƐƐſůŝĐŽƐ͕ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ĞƐƉĞƐƐŽͲŚƷŵŝĐŽƐ ʹ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ Ğ EĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐ YƵĂƌƚnjĂƌġŶŝĐŽƐ
ʹ Ğ ĚŽƐ ůĞƉƚŽĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĄƌŝŽƐ ʹ ƌŐŝƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ ĂŵďŝƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ ŚĞƌŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ 'ůĞŝƐƐŽůŽƐ͕
EĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ZĞŐŽůşƟĐŽƐ͕ EĞŽƐƐŽůŽƐ YƵĂƌƚnjĂƌġŶŝĐŽƐ͕ EŝƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ KƌŐĂŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐ Ğ
WůŝŶƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐʹ͕ĞƐƵďƐƟƚƵŝĕĆŽĚŽƚĞƌŵŽêndicos por mésicosŶŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ
ĚŽƐWůĂŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐͿ͖ďĞŵĐŽŵŽŶŽŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽĚĞĨĂŵşůŝĂ;ĐŽŵŽĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĚŽƐąŶĚŝ-
ĐŽƐͿĞƐĠƌŝĞ͘^ĆŽƚĂŵďĠŵĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ
ĚĞƌĞĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƐŽůŽƐĞƵŵĂƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĚĞĚĞƐŝŐŶĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƟƉŽƐĚĞƚĞƌƌĞŶŽ͘
 KƐ ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐ ĞdžŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ũĄ ĚĞĮŶŝĚŽƐ ŶŽ ^ŝ^ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƵƟůŝnjĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ͕ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŶƐƚĞŵ ƐƵĂƐ ŽĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂƐ͕ ĚĞǀĞŶĚŽ ƐĞƌ ĞŶ-
ǀŝĂĚĂƵŵĂũƵƐƟĮĐĂƟǀĂĞĐſƉŝĂĚŽƉĞƌĮůƉĂƌĂĂǀĂůŝĂĕĆŽĞǀĂůŝĚĂĕĆŽĚĂŶŽǀĂĐůĂƐƐĞ͘
 ƉƌŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĂƐ ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ Ğŵ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ŶşǀĞů ĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ ĚĞǀĞ ƐĞƌ ĞŶǀŝĂĚĂ ĂŽ
ŽŵŝƚġͲdžĞĐƵƟǀŽ ĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞƐŽůŽƐ ;Ϳ͕ ĐŽŶƚĞŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ũƵƐƟĮĐĂƟǀĂ ƉĂƌĂĂ
ƐƵĂŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽĞƵŵĂĐſƉŝĂĚŽƉĞƌĮůĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞŶƚĞƉĂƌĂĂǀĂůŝĂĕĆŽĞǀĂůŝĚĂĕĆŽĂĮŵ
ĚĞƋƵĞĞƐƐĂŶŽǀĂĐůĂƐƐĞƉŽƐƐĂƐĞƌŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĚĂŽĮĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞĂŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ͘
ŽĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂƌƵŵĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽƉĞƌĮůĚĞƐŽůŽ͕ĠƉĞƌŵŝƟĚŽĂŽĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĚŽƌĨĂ-
njĞƌĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕƁĞƐĚĞƋƵĂůŝĮĐĂƟǀŽƐƉĂƌĂŽϰǑŶşǀĞů͕ĚĞƐĚĞƋƵĞũĄĚĞĮŶŝĚŽƐŶŽ^ŝ^
ƉĂƌĂƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌŐƌĂŶĚĞŐƌƵƉŽĚĞƐŽůŽ͘ĚŵŝƚĞͲƐĞĂƵƟůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĞŶŽŵĄdžŝŵŽƚƌġƐƋƵĂ-
ůŝĮĐĂƟǀŽƐĚĞϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ͕ƉŽƌĞdžĞŵƉůŽ͕ƌŐŝƐƐŽůŽsĞƌŵĞůŚŽƵƚƌſĮĐŽƐŽůſĚŝ-
ĐŽĂďƌƷƉƟĐŽƉůŝŶƚŽƐƐſůŝĐŽ;ǀĞƌĂƉşƚƵůŽϱ͕Ɖ͘ϭϯϯͿ͘
ƐƚĂ ĞĚŝĕĆŽ ƐƵďƐƟƚƵŝ Ă ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƐŽůŽƐ ƋƵĞ ǀŝŶŚĂ ƐĞŶĚŽ ƵƟůŝnjĂĚĂ ŶĂ
ŵďƌĂƉĂ ^ŽůŽƐ ;ĂŵĂƌŐŽ Ğƚ Ăů͕͘ ϭϵϴϳ͖ ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ͕͘͘͘ ϭϵϵϵ͖ ^ĂŶƚŽƐ Ğƚ Ăů͕͘ ϮϬϬϲ͕ ϮϬϭϯ͕
ϮϬϭϰͿĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕƁĞƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ;^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ͕͘͘͘ϭϵϴϬ͕ϭϵϴϭ͖ĂŵĂƌŐŽĞƚĂů͕͘
ϭϵϴϴĂ͖ĂƌǀĂůŚŽĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϵϳͿ͘
KďũĞƟǀĂŶĚŽƋƵĞŽ^ŝ^ƐĞũĂĐŽŶƟŶƵĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƉƌŝŵŽƌĂĚŽ͕ĞŵĚĞĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂĚĂ
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĐŝĞŶơĮĐĂĞĂƵŵĞŶƚŽĚŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƐƐŽůŽƐďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ͕ƐŽůŝĐŝƚĂͲƐĞĂŽƐ
ƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐŽĞŶǀŝŽƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐŽĚĞĐƌşƟĐĂƐĞƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐ͕ƋƵĞĚĞǀĞƌĆŽƐĞƌĞŶĐĂŵŝŶŚĂĚĂƐĂŽ
ƉĂƌĂŽĞŶĚĞƌĞĕŽĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐŽфĐŶƉƐ͘ƐŝďĐƐΛĞŵďƌĂƉĂ͘ďƌх͕ƐĞŶĚŽƋƵĞĂƐĂƚƵĂůŝnjĂĕƁĞƐ
ƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚĂƐƉŽĚĞƌĆŽƐĞƌĂĐĞƐƐĂĚĂƐƉĞƌŵĂŶĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞŶĂƉĄŐŝŶĂĚŽ^ŝ^ŶĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ(1).
ĂďĞƚĂŵďĠŵĞƐĐůĂƌĞĐĞƌƋƵĞŽ^ŝ^͕ƋƵĞǀĞŵƐĞŶĚŽƉĂƵůĂƟŶĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŶƐ-
ƚƌƵşĚŽƉĞůĂĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĐŝĞŶơĮĐĂďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂŚĄĚĠĐĂĚĂƐ͕ŚŽũĞƐĞĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵ-
ƌĂĚŽŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĚĞĐŚĂǀĞƚĂdžŽŶƀŵŝĐĂĂƚĠŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ͕ĐŽŵƌĞĐŽŵĞŶĚĂĕƁĞƐ
ĚĞ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐͬƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ Ă ƐĞƌĞŵ ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚĂƐ ŶĂ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƐŽůŽƐ ŶŽ
ϱǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ĨĂŵşůŝĂͿ͘ŝŶĚĂĂƐƐŝŵ͕ŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĞŵƋƵĞƐĞĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂ͕Ž^ŝ^ũĄ
ĂƚĞŶĚĞĂƉƌĂƟĐĂŵĞŶƚĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƐĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƐŶŽƌĂƐŝůĂĐĞƌĐĂ
dos solos.
ƐƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐĚĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐͬƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐƉĂƌĂŽϲǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐĆŽ
ĚĞĐĂƌĄƚĞƌƉƌĞůŝŵŝŶĂƌ͘ƐƵĂŝŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƌĄƵŵǀŽůƵŵĞĚĞŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ
ĞƐƉĞĐşĮĐŽĞƐƵƉŽƌƚĞŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĐŝŽŶĂůŶŽWĂşƐƉĂƌĂĂƐƵĂǀĂůŝĚĂĕĆŽ͘

1
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĞŵďƌĂƉĂ͘ďƌͬƐŽůŽƐͬƐŝďĐƐग़
dƌĂũĞƚſƌŝĂĞǀŽůƵƟǀĂĚŽ
Sistema Brasileiro de
ůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ(1)

ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐŶŽƌĂƐŝůƚĞŵƐŝĚŽŵĂƚĠƌŝĂĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂůŵĞŶ-
ƚĞŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƉĞůĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞĚĞůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ͕ŽƐƋƵĂŝƐ͕
ƉŽƌŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂ͕ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵĞŵŐġŶĞƌŽĚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽŝŶĚƵƚŽƌĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͘
ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐĂŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůǀŝŐĞŶƚĞĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŶƵŵĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚŽĂŶƟ-
ŐŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽ͕ĨŽƌŵƵůĂĚŽƉŽƌĂůĚǁŝŶĞƚĂů͘;ϭϵϯϴͿĞŵŽĚŝĮĐĂĚĂƉŽƌdŚŽƌƉ
Ğ^ŵŝƚŚ;ϭϵϰϵͿ͘ƐƚĂĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ͕ƋƵĞǀĞŝŽĂƐĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůŝnjĂĚĂ͕ƚĞŵƐƵĂďĂƐĞĨƵŶ-
ĚĂĚĂ͕ Ğŵ ĞƐƐġŶĐŝĂ͕ ŶŽƐ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ ĐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐ ĚĂƋƵĞůĞ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽ͕ ĐŽŶƚĂŶĚŽ͕
ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ ĐŽŵ Ž ĂŵƉĂƌŽ ĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ ĚĞ ĞdžƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐ ĞůƵĐŝĚĂƟǀĂƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ Ğ
ĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐͲĐŚĂǀĞ͕ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƵƚŽƌŝĂ
ĚĞ <ĞůůŽŐŐ ;ϭϵϰϵͿ Ğ <ĞůůŽŐŐ Ğ ĂǀŽů ;ϭϵϰϵͿ ƐŽďƌĞ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ͖ ^ŝŵŽŶƐŽŶ ;ϭϵϰϵͿ ƌĞ-
ĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ Ă WŽĚnjſůŝĐŽƐ sĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲŵĂƌĞůŽƐ͖ tŝŶƚĞƌƐ Ğ ^ŝŵŽŶƐŽŶ ;ϭϵϱϭͿ Ğ ^ŝŵŽŶƐŽŶ
ĞƚĂů͘;ϭϵϱϮͿƉĞƌƟŶĞŶƚĞƐĂĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͖ƐƚĂĚŽƐhŶŝĚŽƐ;ϭϵϱϭͿ
ƌĞůĂƟǀĂĂ^ŽůŽƐ'ůĞŝĞ^ŽůŽƐ^ĂůŝŶŽƐĞůĐĂůŝŶŽƐ͖dĂǀĞƌŶŝĞƌĞ^ŵŝƚŚ;ϭϵϱϳͿĂĐĞƌĐĂĚĞ
ĂŵďŝƐƐŽůŽƐ͖ĞKĂŬĞƐĞdŚŽƌƉ;ϭϵϱϭͿƐŽďƌĞZĞŶĚnjŝŶĂƐĞsĞƌƟƐƐŽůŽƐ;'ƌƵŵŽƐƐŽůŽƐͿ͘
KƐĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐĐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐĚŽĂŶƟŐŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽĨŽƌŵĂŵĂďĂƐĞĚĂĂƚƵĂůĐůĂƐƐŝĮ-
ĐĂĕĆŽďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂƚƌĂŶƐŵƵĚĂĚĂ͕ĐƵũĂĞƐƋƵĞŵĂƟnjĂĕĆŽĂƚƵĂůĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞĚĞŵŽĚŝĮĐĂĕƁĞƐ
ĚĞĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ͕ĂůƚĞƌĂĕĆŽĚĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ͕ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞƐŶŽǀĂƐ͕ĚĞƐŵĞŵďƌĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞ
ĂůŐƵŵĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐŽƌŝŐŝŶĂŝƐĞĨŽƌŵĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĞƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƵďĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞŶĂƚƵ-
ƌĞnjĂƚƌĂŶƐŝĐŝŽŶĂůŽƵŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĄƌŝĂ͘KƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĨŽŝƐĞŵƉƌĞŵŽƟǀĂĚŽƉĞůĂĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂ-
ĕĆŽĚĂƐŵŽĚŝĮĐĂĕƁĞƐăƐĐĂƌġŶĐŝĂƐƋƵĞƐĞŝĂŵƌĞǀĞůĂŶĚŽ͕ĐŽŵĂƌĞĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĞůĞǀĂŶ-
ƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĞŵĞƐĐĂůĂƐŵĠĚŝĂƐĞƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐ͕ĞŵƋƵĞĐŽŶĐŽƌƌŝĂŵĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂƐ
ŚŝĞƌĄƌƋƵŝĐĂƐŵĂŝƐĞůĞǀĂĚĂƐ͘KĞŶĨŽƋƵĞƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůƐĞŵƉƌĞĞƐƚĞǀĞĚŝƌŝŐŝĚŽĂŽŶşǀĞůŚŝĞ-
ƌĄƌƋƵŝĐŽ ĚĞ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ĚĞ ƐŽůŽƐ͕ ĂůŝĂĚŽ ĂŽ ĞdžĞƌĐşĐŝŽ ĚĂ ĐƌŝĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞ ƚĞŶƚĂƟǀĂ
ŶŽƋƵĞĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞĂŽŶşǀĞůĚĞƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽ͕ǀŝƐƚŽƋƵĞĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐƐĂĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂŶƵŶĐĂ
ĨŽƌĂŵĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚĂƐŶŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƉƌŝŵŝƟǀŽ;ĂůĚǁŝŶĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϯϴ͖dŚŽƌƉ͖^ŵŝƚŚ͕ϭϵϰϵͿ͘

1
 ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽĚĞ:ĂĐŽŵŝŶĞĞĂŵĂƌŐŽ;ϭϵϵϲͿ͘
 ƐŵŽĚŝĮĐĂĕƁĞƐƐĞŝŶŝĐŝĂƌĂŵŶĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϱϬ͕ĐŽŵŽƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐůĞǀĂŶƚĂ-
ŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ ƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ĞŶƚĆŽ ŽŵŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ ^ŽůŽƐ ĚŽ ĞŶƚƌŽ EĂĐŝŽŶĂů
ĚĞ ŶƐŝŶŽ Ğ WĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ŐƌŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ ;EWͿ͘ dŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞ ŵĂŝƐ ŝŶƚĞŶƐĂƐ Ă ƉĂƌƟƌ
ĚŽĮŶĂů ĚĂƋƵĞůĂĚĠĐĂĚĂ͕ĐŽŵĂŵƉůŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽƐ ƋƵĞĨŽƌĂŵƐĞŶĚŽ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞ-
ĐŝĚŽƐĞŵƉĂƌĂůĞůŽăƐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕƁĞƐĐŽŵŽŶŽǀŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ
ĚĞ ƐŽůŽƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ĞŶƚĆŽ ƐĞ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĂ ;ƐƚĂĚŽƐ hŶŝĚŽƐ͕ ϭϵϲϬͿ͕ ĚĂŶĚŽ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ĂŽ Soil
Taxonomy͕ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ŽĮĐŝĂů ĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ǀŝŐĞŶƚĞ ŶĂƋƵĞůĞ ƉĂşƐ ;ƐƚĂĚŽƐ hŶŝĚŽƐ͕
ϭϵϳϱ͕ϭϵϵϵͿ͘DƵŝƚĂƐĐŽŶĐĞƉĕƁĞƐƐƵƌŐŝĚĂƐĐŽŵĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞƐƐĞŶŽǀŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĨŽ-
ƌĂŵ ĂďƐŽƌǀŝĚĂƐ ŶĂ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ƵƐŽ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘ /ŐƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ Ğ
ĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐĮƌŵĂĚŽƐŶŽĞƐƋƵĞŵĂƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂůĚŽŵĂƉĂŵƵŶĚŝĂůĚĞƐŽůŽƐ;&K͕ϭϵϳϰͿĞ
ŶŽtZ;/h^^tŽƌŬŝŶŐ'ƌŽƵƉtZ͕ϮϬϭϱͿĨŽƌĂŵƚĂŵďĠŵĂƐƐŝŵŝůĂĚŽƐŶŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽů-
ǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘
EŽůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐŽĚŽƐƚĂĚŽĚĞ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ;>ĞŵŽƐĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϲϬͿ͕ĨŽŝ
ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽ ƋƵĞ ŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐ ƉĞĚŽŐĞŶĠƟĐŽƐ ĚŝƐƟŶƟǀŽƐ͕ ƉƌſƉƌŝŽƐ ĚĞ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽƐ
ƐŽůŽƐ͕ƐĆŽůĞŐşƟŵŽƐĐŽŵŽĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽĚŝĂŐŶſƐƟĐŽƉĂƌĂĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĞĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚĞ
ĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐĞŵƐĞƚƌĂƚĂŶĚŽĚĞƐŝƐƚĞŵĂŶĂƚƵƌĂůĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ͘ƐƐŝŵ͕ĨŽƌĂŵ͕
ƉĞůĂƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂǀĞnjŶŽƌĂƐŝů͕ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚŽƐĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐĚĞŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞůĂƚŽƐƐſůŝĐŽĞŚŽƌŝ-
zonte B textural.
ŽŵŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝĕƁĞƐ ĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ďĄƐŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ
ƐŽůŽƐĚĂƋƵĞůĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƉĂƌĂĂĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐĂďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ĐŽŶƚĂŵͲƐĞĂĐŽŶ-
ĐĞŝƚƵĂĕĆŽĚĞ>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐĞĂƐƵďĚŝǀŝƐĆŽƚĞŶƚĂƟǀĂĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽƐ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐĞŵĚĞ-
ĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂ ĚĂƐ ǀĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚĂƐ ;>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽ ZŽdžŽ͕ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽ sĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲƐĐƵƌŽ͕
>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽ sĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲŵĂƌĞůŽ͕ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽ sĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲŵĂƌĞůŽ ,ƷŵŝĐŽͿ͖ Ă ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ĐůĂƐƐĞdĞƌƌĂZŽdžĂƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚĂ͖ĞĂƐƵďĚŝǀŝƐĆŽĚŽƐ^ŽůŽƐWŽĚnjſůŝĐŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞ
ĞŵƌĂnjĆŽĚĞĚŝƐƟŶĕƁĞƐƚĞdžƚƵƌĂŝƐĞŶƚƌĞƐŽůŽƐ͕ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĚŽƚĞdžƚƵƌĂůŶŽƉĞƌĮů͕Ğdž-
ƚƌĂŽƌĚŝŶĄƌŝŽĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞƚĞdžƚƵƌĂůĞŶƚƌĞŽƐŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐĞůƵǀŝĂŝƐĞŽƚĞdžƚƵƌĂůĞ͕ƐŽďƌĞ-
ƚƵĚŽ͕ĞůĞǀĂĚĂƐĂƚƵƌĂĕĆŽƉŽƌďĂƐĞƐŶŽƚĞdžƚƵƌĂůŽƵŵĞƐŵŽŶŽsolum͕ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽĂƚĠ
ĞŶƚĆŽŶĆŽĞdžƉůŝĐŝƚĂĚĂŶĂĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐWŽĚnjſůŝĐŽƐƚƌŽƉŝĐĂŝƐ͘
:ĄŽůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐŽƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚŽŶŽƐƵůĚĞDŝŶĂƐ'ĞƌĂŝƐ;ĂŵĂƌŐŽĞƚ
Ăů͕͘ϭϵϲϮͿƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŽŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞŝŶĐŝƉŝĞŶƚĞ͕ĚŝĂŐŶſƐƟĐŽƉĂƌĂĂĐůĂƐƐĞƋƵĞĂďƌŝŐĂǀĂ
os Solos Brunos Ácidos – precursora da classe Cambissolos.
ĂşƉŽƌĚŝĂŶƚĞ͕ŽƐůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ͕ƋƵĞǀŝŶŚĂŵƐĞŶĚŽĞdžĞĐƵƚĂĚŽƐ
ƉĞůĂŽŵŝƐƐĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐĞƉŽƌŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐƐƵĐĞƐƐŽƌĂƐ͕ĨŽƌĂŵĚĞŵĂŶĚĂŶĚŽĂĚĞƋƵĂ-
ĕĆŽĂŽƐƐŽůŽƐƋƵĞĨŽƌĂŵƐĞŶĚŽŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĚŽƐ͕ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞŶŽƋƵĞĚŝnjƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽăƐ
ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞƐĚĞĂƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐĞăǀĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞŵŽƌĨŽůſŐŝĐĂĞĚĞĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝĕĆŽ͘WŽƌĐŽŶ-
ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ͕ŵŽĚŝĮĐĂĕƁĞƐĞĂĐƌĠƐĐŝŵŽƐĨŽƌĂŵƐĞŶĚŽĂĚŽƚĂĚŽƐ͕ĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽƌĞĂũƵƐƚĞƐ
ĞŝŶŽǀĂĕƁĞƐĞŵĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐĚŝƐƟŶƟǀŽƐ͕ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶĚŽŶĂƐŶŽƌŵĂƐĚĞƐĐƌŝƚĂƐĞŵĂƌǀĂůŚŽ
ĞƚĂů͘;ϭϵϴϴͿ͘
 ƐƐŝŵ͕ ƌĞƉĂƌƟĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ŝŶŝĐŝĂŝƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ƐĞŶĚŽ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚĂƐ͕
ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐĚĞĚŝƐƉĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĞŵƐĂƚƵƌĂĕĆŽƉŽƌďĂƐĞƐ͕ĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĚĂƐĂƌŐŝůĂƐƋƵĞƚġŵ
ĐŽŵŽĞdžƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĂĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƚƌŽĐĂĚĞĐĄƟŽŶƐĚŽƐĐŽůŽŝĚĞƐŝŶŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽƐ͕ƐĂƚƵƌĂ-
ĕĆŽƉŽƌƐſĚŝŽ͕ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚĞĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚŽĚĞĐĄůĐŝŽ͕ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĂďƌƵƉƚĂĚĞƚĞdžƚƵƌĂƉĂƌĂŽ
ŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐĚŝƐƟŶƟǀŽƐ͘
ĐŽůĞĕĆŽĚĞĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐǀĞŝŽĂĂďƌĂŶŐĞƌǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐĂƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐĚŝĂŐŶſƐƟĐŽƐ͕ĂƉĂƌ
ĚĞĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐƟƉŽƐĚĞŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐ͕ĚĞŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐĞĚĞŽƵƚƌŽƐŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐĚŝĂŐŶſƐ-
ƟĐŽƐĚĞƉŽƐŝĕĆŽǀĂƌŝĄǀĞůŶŽƐƉĞƌĮƐĚĞƐŽůŽ͕ŽƐƋƵĂŝƐĨŽƌĂŵĂƐƐŝŵŝůĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽĐŽƌ-
ƌĞƌ ĚŽ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ŶŽǀŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽ ĚĞ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐĂ
;ƐƚĂĚŽƐhŶŝĚŽƐ͕ϭϵϲϬ͕ϭϵϳϱ͕ϭϵϵϵ͕ϮϬϬϵͿĞĚŽĞƐƋƵĞŵĂ&K;ϭϵϳϰ͕ϭϵϵϬͿĞtZ
;/h^^tŽƌŬŝŶŐ'ƌŽƵƉtZ͕ϮϬϭϱͿ͘
sĄƌŝĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐĚĞĂůƚŽŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽĨŽƌĂŵŝŶĐůƵşĚĂƐƉĂƌĂŝŶĐŽƌƉŽ-
ƌĂƌĂĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƟƉŽƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐĞdžƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞĚŝƐƟŶƚŽƐ͕ŽƐƋƵĂŝƐĨŽƌĂŵƐĞŶĚŽ
ŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĚŽƐ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ ůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ ƌĞĂůŝnjĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ĂŵƉůĂ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂ-
ĚĞĚĞĂŵďŝġŶĐŝĂƐĐůŝŵĄƟĐĂƐ͕ŐĞŽŵſƌĮĐĂƐ͕ǀĞŐĞƚĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞŐĞŽůſŐŝĐĂƐĚŽƚĞƌƌŝƚſƌŝŽ
nacional.
KŽƵƚƌŽĂĚŝƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĂŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĂĚǀĞŝŽĚĞĞƐƚƵĚŽĚĞǀĞƌŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐŶĂ
ƌĞŐŝĆŽ^ƵůĚŽWĂşƐ͕ĚĂŶĚŽĂĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ͕ŶŽƉůĂŶĂůƚŽĚĞƵƌŝƟďĂ͕ƐŽůŽƐsui generis, mo-
ƟǀĂŶĚŽĂƉƌŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚĂĐůĂƐƐĞZƵďƌŽnjĠŵ;ƌĂŵĆŽ͖^ŝŵŽŶƐŽŶ͕ϭϵϱϲͿ͘
dĂŵďĠŵ ĚĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϵϱϬ ƉƌŽǀĠŵ Ž ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ĐůĂƐƐĞ
,ŝĚƌŽŵſƌĮĐŽ ŝŶnjĞŶƚŽ ;ĂƌƌŽƐ Ğƚ Ăů͕͘ ϭϵϱϴͿ͕ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝŶĚŽ ĚĞƌŝǀĂĕĆŽ Ă ƉĂƌƟƌ ĚĞ
WůĂŶŽƐƐŽůŽĞ'ůĞŝWŽƵĐŽ,ƷŵŝĐŽĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽ͕ĞŶƚĆŽǀŝŐĞŶƚĞƐ;ĂůĚǁŝŶĞƚ
Ăů͕͘ϭϵϯϴ͖dŚŽƌƉ͖^ŵŝƚŚ͕ϭϵϰϵͿ͘
WŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞăĚŝƐƟŶĕĆŽĚĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐ>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽZŽdžŽ͕>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽsĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲ
ͲƐĐƵƌŽ Ğ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽ sĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲŵĂƌĞůŽ ƌĞƉŽƌƚĂĚĂƐ ŝŐƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ŶŽ ƌĞĨĞƌŝĚŽ ůĞǀĂŶ-
tamento do Estado de São Paulo, outras classes foram acrescidas com o estabele-
ĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽ ŵĂƌĞůŽ ƉĞůŽƐ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƐ ĚĞ ĂLJ ;ϭϵϱϵͿ Ğ ^ŽŵďƌŽĞŬ ;ϭϵϲϭͿ
ŶĂ ŵĂnjƀŶŝĂ͖ ĚĞ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽ ƌƵŶŽ ŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ >ĞŵŽƐ Ğƚ Ăů͘ ;ϭϵϲϳͿ ŶŽ ZŝŽ
'ƌĂŶĚĞĚŽ^Ƶů͖ĚĞ>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽsĂƌŝĂĕĆŽhŶĂĚĞĐŽŶƐƚĂƚĂĕĆŽĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĞϭϵϲϯŶŽƐƵů
ĚĂĂŚŝĂ;:ĂĐŽŵŝŶĞĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϳϳͲϭϵϳϵͿ͖ĞĚĞ>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽ&ĞƌƌşĨĞƌŽĐŽŵŽĐŽŶĐĞŝƚƵĂĚŽ
ƉŽƌĂŵĂƌŐŽ;ϭϵϴϮͿ͘ƉƌŽƉſƐŝƚŽĚĂĚŝƐƟŶĕĆŽĚĞ>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ĂŵĂƌŐŽĞƚĂů͘;ϭϵϴϴďͿ
ƉƌĞƐƚĂŵĐŽŶƚĂĚĂĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐƐĞƐƐŽůŽƐŶŽWĂşƐ͘
ƌĞŝĂƐYƵĂƌƚnjŽƐĂƐĐŽŶƐƟƚƵĞŵĐůĂƐƐĞĚĞƐŽůŽƐƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĚĞƐĚĞŽŝŶşĐŝŽĚĂ
ĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϲϬ;>ĞŵŽƐĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϲϬͿƉĂƌĂĨŽƌŵĂƌŐƌƵƉŽŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ͕ĚĞƐŵĞŵďƌĂ-
ĚŽĚŽƐZĞŐŽƐƐŽůŽƐʹĐůĂƐƐĞƚŽƌŶĂĚĂŵĞŶŽƐĂďƌĂŶŐĞŶƚĞƉĞůĂĞdžĐůƵƐĆŽĚĂƋƵĞůĞƐƐŽůŽƐ
ƋƵĂƌƚnjŽƐŽƐʹĚĞĮŶŝĚŽƐĐŽŵŽƐŽůŽƐƉŽƵĐŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐĞŵǀŝƌƚƵĚĞĚĂƉƌſƉƌŝĂŶĂƚƵ-
ƌĞnjĂƌĞĨƌĂƚĄƌŝĂĚŽŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƋƵĂƌƚnjŽƐŽ͕ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞĞŵƉŽƵĐĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽƉĞĚŽŐĞŶĠƟĐĂ͘
 DŽĚŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽŶŽŝŶşĐŝŽĚĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϳϬ͕ŝŶĚƵnjŝĚĂƉĞůĂƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚĞƐŽůŽƐŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĚŽƐĞŵĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐǀĞƌŝĮĐĂĕƁĞƐĚĞĐĂŵƉŽ͕ƚŽƌŶŽƵĞĨĞƟǀĂĚĂĂĐůĂƐƐĞ
^ŽůŽƐ>ŝƚſůŝĐŽƐ;&ƌĞŝƚĂƐĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϳϭ͖:ĂĐŽŵŝŶĞĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϳϮͲϭϵϳϯͿ͘
EŽůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƉĞĚŽůſŐŝĐŽĚŽĞĂƌĄ͕ĨŽƌĂŵĐŽŶƐƚĂƚĂĚŽƐ^ŽůŽƐWŽĚnjſůŝĐŽƐ
ĐŽŵĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐƉĞĐƵůŝĂƌĞƐĞĂơƉŝĐĂƐĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂĐŽŶĐĞƉĕƁĞƐŽƌŝŐŝŶĂŝƐĚĞĐůĂƐ-
ƐĞƐĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚĂƐĚĞƐƚĞƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ŽƋƵĞŵŽƟǀŽƵŽƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂĐůĂƐƐĞWŽĚnjſůŝĐŽ
Acinzentado (Jacomine et al., 1973).
^ŝŵŝůĂƌŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ^ŽůŽƐ WŽĚnjſůŝĐŽƐ ĂơƉŝĐŽƐ͕ ĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ ĐŽďĞƌƚƵƌĂ
ĂƟŶĞŶƚĞ ă &ŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĂƌƌĞŝƌĂƐ ;Ğ ĐŽŶŐġŶĞƌĞƐͿ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĞ >ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ
ŵĂƌĞůŽƐ͕ŵŽƟǀĂƌĂŵĂƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĚĞĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂĐůĂƐƐĞWŽĚnjſůŝĐŽŵĂƌĞůŽ
(Reunião..., 1979a).
^ŽůŽƐĚĞŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĕĆŽƉƌŽďůĞŵĄƟĐĂ͕ǀŝƐƵĂůŝnjĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐădĞƌƌĂZŽdžĂ
ƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚĂ ;ĐŽŶƚƵĚŽ͕ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ĐŽƌ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂ ĂŽƐ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝŶƚĞƐ ŽdžşĚŝ-
ĐŽƐͿ͕ƚġŵƐŝĚŽĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŽƐŶĂƌĞŐŝĆŽ^Ƶů͕ĞƐƵĂĚŝƐĐƌŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽǀĞŵƐĞŶĚŽĐŽŶƚĞŵ-
ƉůĂĚĂ ĐŽŵĂĨŽƌŵƵůĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĐůĂƐƐĞdĞƌƌĂƌƵŶĂ ƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚĂ ;ĂƌǀĂůŚŽ ĞƚĂů͕͘ ϭϵϳϵ͖
ĂƌǀĂůŚŽ͕ϭϵϴϮͿ͘
WůŝŶƚŽƐƐŽůŽĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝĐůĂƐƐĞĮƌŵĂĚĂŶŽƚĠƌŵŝŶŽĚĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϳϬ;:ĂĐŽŵŝŶĞ
Ğƚ Ăů͕͘ ϭϵϴϬͿ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ ĂŶŽƐ ĚĞ ƌĞŇĞdžĆŽ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ǀĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĂ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚƵĂ-
ĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ĂƚƵĂŝƐ WůŝŶƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĐůĂƐƐĞ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůŝnjĂĚĂ ŶŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂů͘
'ƌĂŶĚĞ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĞƐƐĂ ĐůĂƐƐĞ Ġ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽƐ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ƐŽůŽƐ ĚĂ ĂŶƟŐĂ ĐůĂƐƐĞ >ĂƚĞƌŝƚĂ
,ŝĚƌŽŵſƌĮĐĂ͕ĐŽŵĂŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽĚĞƉĂƌƚĞĚŽƐƐŽůŽƐĚĞĂůŐƵŵĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐ͕ĐŽŶĐĞŝ-
tuadas antes do Plintossolo.
KƷůƟŵŽĂĐƌĠƐĐŝŵŽŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞĂŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂůĨŽŝĂĐůĂƐƐĞWŽĚnjſůŝĐŽ
sĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲƐĐƵƌŽ ;ĂŵĂƌŐŽ Ğƚ Ăů͕͘ ϭϵϴϮͿ͕ ƉƌŽǀĞŶĚŽ ŐƌƵƉŽ ă ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĞ ƐŽůŽƐ ĚŝƐƟŶ-
ƚŽƐ ĚĂ ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů ĐůĂƐƐĞ WŽĚnjſůŝĐŽ sĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲŵĂƌĞůŽ͘ K ƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞƐƐĂ
ŶŽǀĂ ĐůĂƐƐĞ Ġ ŚŽŵſůŽŐŽ ĂŽ ĚŽƐ ĚĞŵĂŝƐ ^ŽůŽƐ WŽĚnjſůŝĐŽƐ Ğ ƐĞ ĐŽůŽĐĂ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ-
ƉĂƌƚĞĂ>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽsĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲƐĐƵƌŽ͘ĐůĂƐƐĞĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚĂŝŶĐůƵŝƉĂƌƚĞĚĞƐŵĞŵďƌĂ-
ĚĂ ĚĞ WŽĚnjſůŝĐŽ sĞƌŵĞůŚŽͲŵĂƌĞůŽ Ğ ĞŶŐůŽďĂ Ă ƚŽƚĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĂ ĞdžƟŶƚĂ dĞƌƌĂ ZŽdžĂ
Estruturada Similar.
ƐƚĂƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĐŝĚŝƌĂŵ ŶĂ ƚƌĂũĞƚſƌŝĂ ĚĂ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮ-
ĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐŶŽƐĞŶƟĚŽĚĞƐƵĂŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽ͕ŽƌĂĞĨĞƟǀĂĚĂƉĞůĂƐƋƵĂƚƌŽĂƉƌŽ-
džŝŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĞůĂďŽƌĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ ϭϵϴϬ Ă ϭϵϵϳ Ğ ƉĞůĂ ƉƵďůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ ƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĚĞ
ůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ^ŽůŽƐ ;^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ͕͘͘͘ ϭϵϵϴ͕ ϭϵϵϵ͖ ^ĂŶƚŽƐ Ğƚ Ăů͕͘ ϮϬϬϲ͕ ϮϬϭϯ͕ ϮϬϭϰͿ͘ 
ĐŽƌƌĞůĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐĚŽ^ŝ^;ĚĞƐƚĂĞĚŝĕĆŽͿĞĂƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞƵƟůŝ-
njĂĚĂƐŶŽƌĂƐŝůĂƚĠĂƉƵďůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐƵĂϭǐĞĚŝĕĆŽ;ĞŵϭϵϵϵͿĠŵŽƐƚƌĂĚĂŶŽŶĞdžŽ/͘
DƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚĞƐŽĐŽƌƌĞƌĂŵŶĞƐƚĂĞĚŝĕĆŽĚŽ^ŝ^͕ƋƵĞĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŵ
ĚĞƐĚĞ Ž ŶşǀĞů ĚĞ ŽƌĚĞŵ ĂƚĠ Ž ŶşǀĞů ĚĞ ĨĂŵşůŝĂ͕ ŚĂǀĞŶĚŽ ƌĞĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽ͕ ƌĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ-
ĕĆŽ͕ ĞdžƟŶĕĆŽ Ğ ŝŶĐůƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ͕ ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ ĚŝƐĐƵƟĚŽ Ğ ĂƉƌŽǀĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ŽŵŝƚġͲ
ͲdžĞĐƵƟǀŽĚĞůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ;^ĂŶƚŽƐĞƚĂů͕͘ϮϬϬϯ͕ϮϬϬϵ͕ϮϬϭϮ͕ϮϬϭϲ͕ϮϬϭϳͿ͘
Sumário

IntrodƵĕĆo.......................................................................................................... 25

eĮniĕĆo de solo ................................................................................................ 27

W1Th>O ϭ о tribƵtos diaŐnſsƟĐos e oƵtros atribƵtos ..................................... 29

ƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐĚŝĂŐŶſƐƟĐŽƐ .............................................................................................. 29
DĂƚĞƌŝĂůŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽ .......................................................................................... 29
Material mineral............................................................................................ 29
ƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĚĂĨƌĂĕĆŽĂƌŐŝůĂ .............................................................................. 30
Saturação por bases ...................................................................................... 30
Mudança textural abrupta ............................................................................ 30
WůŝŶƟƚĂ ........................................................................................................... 31
WĞƚƌŽƉůŝŶƟƚĂ .................................................................................................. 32
^ƵƉĞƌİĐŝĞƐĚĞĨƌŝĐĕĆŽ;slickensides) .............................................................. 32
Caráter ácrico ................................................................................................ 32
ĂƌĄƚĞƌĂůƵŵşŶŝĐŽ .......................................................................................... 32
ĂƌĄƚĞƌĂƌŐŝůƷǀŝĐŽ .......................................................................................... 33
ĂƌĄƚĞƌĐĂƌďŽŶĄƟĐŽ....................................................................................... 33
ĂƌĄƚĞƌŚŝƉŽĐĂƌďŽŶĄƟĐŽ ............................................................................... 33
Caráter coeso ................................................................................................ 33
Caráter concrecionário .................................................................................. 34
ĂƌĄƚĞƌĐƌƀŵŝĐŽ ............................................................................................. 34
ĂƌĄƚĞƌĚƷƌŝĐŽ ............................................................................................... 34
Caráter ebânico ............................................................................................. 35
ĂƌĄƚĞƌĞƐƉſĚŝĐŽ ........................................................................................... 35
ĂƌĄƚĞƌġƵƚƌŝĐŽ .............................................................................................. 35
ĂƌĄƚĞƌŇƷǀŝĐŽ ............................................................................................... 35
ĂƌĄƚĞƌůŝƚŽƉůşŶƟĐŽ......................................................................................... 36
Caráter plânico .............................................................................................. 36
 ĂƌĄƚĞƌƉůşŶƟĐŽ .............................................................................................. 36
ĂƌĄƚĞƌƌĞĚſdžŝĐŽ ............................................................................................ 36
ĂƌĄƚĞƌƌĞƚƌĄƟů ............................................................................................... ϯϴ
ĂƌĄƚĞƌƌƷďƌŝĐŽ .............................................................................................. ϯϴ
Caráter sálico................................................................................................. ϯϴ
Caráter salino ................................................................................................ 39
ĂƌĄƚĞƌƐſĚŝĐŽ ............................................................................................... 39
ĂƌĄƚĞƌƐŽůſĚŝĐŽ ............................................................................................ 39
ĂƌĄƚĞƌƐƀŵďƌŝĐŽ .......................................................................................... 39
ĂƌĄƚĞƌǀĠƌƟĐŽ............................................................................................... 40
ŽŶƚĂƚŽůşƟĐŽ ................................................................................................. 40
ŽŶƚĂƚŽůşƟĐŽĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĄƌŝŽ ........................................................................... 40
DĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐƐƵůİĚƌŝĐŽƐ ...................................................................................... 41
dĞŽƌĚĞſdžŝĚŽƐĚĞĨĞƌƌŽ ................................................................................. 42
Propriedades ândicas .................................................................................... 42
'ƌĂƵĚĞĚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚŽŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽ ............................................... 43
KƵƚƌŽƐĂƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐ ....................................................................................................... 44
Cerosidade .................................................................................................... 44
^ƵƉĞƌİĐŝĞƐĚĞĐŽŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ............................................................................ 44
'ŝůŐĂŝ ............................................................................................................. 45
ƵƚŽŐƌĂŶƵůĂĕĆŽ;self-mulching) .................................................................... 45
ZĞůĂĕĆŽƐŝůƚĞͬĂƌŐŝůĂ ........................................................................................ 45
DŝŶĞƌĂŝƐĂůƚĞƌĄǀĞŝƐ ........................................................................................ 46
'ƌƵƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƚĞdžƚƵƌĂů .................................................................................... 46
ŝƐƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽĚĞĐĂƐĐĂůŚŽƐŶŽƉĞƌĮů ................................................................ 47
ŽŶƐƟƚƵŝĕĆŽĞƐƋƵĞůĠƟĐĂĚŽƐŽůŽ................................................................... ϰϴ

W1Th>O 2 о ,orinjontes diaŐnſsƟĐos sƵperĮĐiais e

Śorinjontes diaŐnſsƟĐos sƵbsƵperĮĐiais ........................................ 49
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐĚŝĂŐŶſƐƟĐŽƐƐƵƉĞƌĮĐŝĂŝƐ ........................................................................ 49
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞŚşƐƟĐŽ .......................................................................................... 49
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĐŚĞƌŶŽnjġŵŝĐŽ ............................................................................ 50
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞŚƷŵŝĐŽ....................................................................................... 51
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƉƌŽĞŵŝŶĞŶƚĞ.............................................................................. 52
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĂŶƚƌſƉŝĐŽ ................................................................................... 53
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĨƌĂĐŽ .......................................................................................... 53
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞŵŽĚĞƌĂĚŽ .................................................................................. 53
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐĚŝĂŐŶſƐƟĐŽƐƐƵďƐƵƉĞƌĮĐŝĂŝƐ ................................................................... 54
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƚĞdžƚƵƌĂů ...................................................................................... 54
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞůĂƚŽƐƐſůŝĐŽ .................................................................................. 57
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞŝŶĐŝƉŝĞŶƚĞ ................................................................................... 59
 ,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞŶşƟĐŽ .......................................................................................... 61
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĞƐƉſĚŝĐŽ .................................................................................... 62
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƉůąŶŝĐŽ ....................................................................................... 65
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĄůďŝĐŽ ......................................................................................... 66
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƉůşŶƟĐŽ .......................................................................................... 67
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĐŽŶĐƌĞĐŝŽŶĄƌŝŽ .............................................................................. ϲϴ
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞůŝƚŽƉůşŶƟĐŽ..................................................................................... 69
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞŐůĞŝ ................................................................................................ 69
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĐĄůĐŝĐŽ ........................................................................................... 71
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƉĞƚƌŽĐĄůĐŝĐŽ .................................................................................. 72
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐƵůĨƷƌŝĐŽ ........................................................................................ 72
,ŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞǀĠƌƟĐŽ ........................................................................................... 73
&ƌĂŐŝƉĆ........................................................................................................... 73
ƵƌŝƉĆ............................................................................................................ 74

W1Th>O ϯ о Eşveis ĐateŐſriĐos do sistema

EomenĐlatƵra das Đlasses
Bases e ĐritĠrios
onĐeito e deĮniĕĆo das Đlasses do ϭǑ nşvel ĐateŐſriĐo ;ordensͿ ... 75
EşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ................................................................................... 75
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϭǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ......................................................... 75
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ................................................... 76
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ........................................... 77
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ................................................... 77
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϱǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ĨĂŵşůŝĂƐͿ ....................................................... 79
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϲǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐĠƌŝĞƐͿ .......................................................... 79
Nomenclatura das classes ........................................................................................ 79
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞϭǑ͕ϮǑ͕ϯǑĞϰǑŶşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐ ................................................. ϴϬ
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϱǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ĨĂŵşůŝĂƐͿ ....................................................... ϴϭ
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϲǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐĠƌŝĞƐͿ .......................................................... ϴϭ
Redação das classes de solos do SiBCS nas
ƉƵďůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ......................................................... ϴϭ
ĂƐĞƐĞĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ........................................................................................................ ϴϮ
ƌŐŝƐƐŽůŽƐ ...................................................................................................... ϴϮ
Cambissolos .................................................................................................. ϴϮ
ŚĞƌŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ................................................................................................. ϴϯ
Espodossolos ................................................................................................. ϴϯ
'ůĞŝƐƐŽůŽƐ ...................................................................................................... ϴϯ
>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ...................................................................................................... ϴϰ
>ƵǀŝƐƐŽůŽƐ ...................................................................................................... ϴϰ
 Neossolos ...................................................................................................... ϴϰ
Nitossolos ...................................................................................................... ϴϱ
KƌŐĂŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ................................................................................................. ϴϱ
Planossolos.................................................................................................... ϴϱ
Plintossolos ................................................................................................... ϴϲ
sĞƌƟƐƐŽůŽƐ ..................................................................................................... ϴϲ
ŽŶĐĞŝƚŽĞĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϭǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................ ϴϲ
ƌŐŝƐƐŽůŽƐ ...................................................................................................... ϴϲ
Cambissolos .................................................................................................. ϴϴ
ŚĞƌŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ................................................................................................. ϴϵ
Espodossolos ................................................................................................. 90
'ůĞŝƐƐŽůŽƐ ...................................................................................................... 91
>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ...................................................................................................... 93
>ƵǀŝƐƐŽůŽƐ ...................................................................................................... 95
Neossolos ...................................................................................................... 96
Nitossolos ...................................................................................................... 97
KƌŐĂŶŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ................................................................................................. 99
Planossolos.................................................................................................. 101
Plintossolos ................................................................................................. 102
sĞƌƟƐƐŽůŽƐ ................................................................................................... 105

W1Th>O 4 о lassiĮĐaĕĆo dos solos atĠ o 4Ǒ nşvel ĐateŐſriĐo .......................... 107

ŚĂǀĞƉĂƌĂĂŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ ..................................................... 110
ŚĂǀĞƉĂƌĂĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϭǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ........................................... 111

W1Th>O 5 о rŐissolos ................................................................................... 115

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 115
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 116
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 119

W1Th>O ϲ о ambissolos ............................................................................... 139

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 139
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 140
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 143

W1Th>O 7 о Śernossolos .............................................................................. 157

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 157
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... ϭϱϴ
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 159
W1Th>O ϴ о Espodossolos .............................................................................. 1ϲ5
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 165
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 166
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 169

W1Th>O 9 о 'leissolos ................................................................................... 175

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 175
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 176
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ ϭϳϴ

W1Th>O 10 о >atossolos ................................................................................. 195

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 195
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 196
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 199

W1Th>O 11 о >Ƶvissolos ................................................................................. 213

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 213
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 213
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 214

W1Th>O 12 о Eeossolos ................................................................................. 219

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 219
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 220
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 223

W1Th>O 13 о Eitossolos ................................................................................. 233

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 234
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 234
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 236

W1Th>O 14 о OrŐanossolos ............................................................................ 243

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 243
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 244
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 245

W1Th>O 15 о Wlanossolos............................................................................... 251

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 251
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 251
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 253
W1Th>O 1ϲ о Wlintossolos .............................................................................. 2ϲ1
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 262
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 262
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 263

W1Th>O 17 о VerƟssolos ................................................................................ 273

ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϮǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ............................................................ 273
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϯǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ .................................................... 274
ůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϰǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐƵďŐƌƵƉŽƐͿ ............................................................ 275

W1Th>O 1ϴ о eĮniĕƁes provisſrias para 5Ǒ e ϲǑ nşveis

ĐateŐſriĐos ;Ĩamşlias e sĠriesͿ ................................................... 2ϴ1
ϱǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ĨĂŵşůŝĂƐͿ .................................................................................. Ϯϴϭ
ϲǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ƐĠƌŝĞƐͿ ..................................................................................... Ϯϴϴ

W1Th>O 19 о ritĠrios para disƟnĕĆo de Ĩases de Ƶnidades de mapeamento . 291

&ĂƐĞƐĞĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐĞĚĄĮĐĂƐŝŶĚŝĐĂĚĂƐƉĞůĂǀĞŐĞƚĂĕĆŽƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂ.............................. 291
&ĂƐĞƐĚĞƌĞůĞǀŽ ....................................................................................................... 294
&ĂƐĞƐĚĞƉĞĚƌĞŐŽƐŝĚĂĚĞ ......................................................................................... 295
&ĂƐĞƐĚĞƌŽĐŚŽƐŝĚĂĚĞ ............................................................................................. 296
Fase erodida ........................................................................................................... 296
Fase de substrato.................................................................................................... 296

ZeĨerġnĐias....................................................................................................... 297

nedžos ............................................................................................................. 313

ŶĞdžŽоůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ........................................................ 313
ŶĞdžŽоůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞĚƌĞŶĂŐĞŵ ............................................................................. 314
ŶĞdžŽоůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƌĞĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ ................................................................... 316
ŶĞdžŽоDĠƚŽĚŽƐĚĞĂŶĄůŝƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐĂĚŽƚĂĚŽƐƉĞůĂŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐ ............... 317
ŶĞdžŽо^ŝŵďŽůŽŐŝĂƉĂƌĂĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞϭǑ͕ϮǑĞϯǑŶşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐ ................. 325
ŶĞdžŽ&оdŝƉŽƐĚĞƚĞƌƌĞŶŽ..................................................................................... ϯϯϴ
ŶĞdžŽ'оKƌĚĞŶĂĕĆŽĚĞůĞŐĞŶĚĂĚĞŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐ .................................. 339
ŶĞdžŽ,оWĂĚƌŽŶŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĚĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞϭΣĞϮΣŶşǀĞŝƐ
ĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐƉĂƌĂƵƐŽĞŵŵĂƉĂƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ ............................................ 340
ŶĞdžŽ/оŽƌƌĞůĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽ^ŝ^ĞĂƐĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕƁĞƐ
usadas anteriormente ......................................................................... 342
ŶĞdžŽ:оŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚġŶĐŝĂĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĚĂĞŶƚƌĞĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ
ĞŵĂůƚŽŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽŶŽ^ŝ^͕tZĞ^ŽŝůdĂdžŽŶŽŵLJ͘................... 343
ŶĞdžŽ<оWĞƌĮƐƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟǀŽƐĚĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ............................................ 345
Introdução

K ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ ƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĚĞ ůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ^ŽůŽƐ ;^ŝ^Ϳ Ġ Ž ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ƚĂdžŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ

ŽĮĐŝĂůĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐĚŽƌĂƐŝů͘ƵŵĂƉƌŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĐŽŵƉĂƌƟůŚĂĚĂĐŽŵ
ǀĄƌŝĂƐŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐĚĞĞŶƐŝŶŽĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽWĂşƐĚĞƐĚĞĂƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐƚĞŶƚĂƟǀĂƐĚĞŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂ-
ĕĆŽ͕ĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϳϬ͕ĐŽŵďĂƐĞĞŵĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕƁĞƐƐƵĐĞƐƐŝǀĂƐ͕ďƵƐĐĂŶĚŽĚĞĮŶŝƌ
ƵŵƐŝƐƚĞŵĂŚŝĞƌĄƌƋƵŝĐŽ͕ŵƵůƟĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽĞĂďĞƌƚŽ͕ƋƵĞƉĞƌŵŝƚĂĂŝŶĐůƵƐĆŽĚĞŶŽǀĂƐĐůĂƐ-
ƐĞƐĞƋƵĞƚŽƌŶĞƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĂĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƚŽĚŽƐŽƐƐŽůŽƐĞdžŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐŶŽƚĞƌƌŝƚſƌŝŽŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘
EŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽĞŶƚƌĞϭϵϳϴĞϭϵϵϳ͕ĨŽƌĂŵĞůĂďŽƌĂĚĂƐ͗ĂϭǐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕĆŽ;^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ͕͘͘͘
ϭϵϴϬͿ͕ĂϮǐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕĆŽ;^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ͕͘͘͘ϭϵϴϭͿ͕ĂϯǐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕĆŽ;ĂŵĂƌŐŽĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϴϴĂͿĞĂ
ϰǐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕĆŽ;ĂƌǀĂůŚŽĞƚĂů͕͘ϭϵϵϳͿ͕ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŶĚŽĚŝƐĐƵƐƐƁĞƐ͕ŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĕĆŽ͕ĐŝƌĐƵůĂ-
ĕĆŽĚĞĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐƉĂƌĂĐƌşƟĐĂƐĞƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐ͕ĂƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽĂĚŝǀƵůŐĂĕĆŽ͕ĚĞŝŶşĐŝŽƌĞƐƚƌŝƚĂ͕
ĞŶƚƌĞƉĂƌƟĐŝƉĂŶƚĞƐĞŵĞŵďƌŽƐĚĂĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĐŝĞŶơĮĐĂ͕ĐƵůŵŝŶĂŶĚŽĐŽŵĂƐƉƵďůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ
ĚĂϭǐ͕ĚĂϮǐ͕ĚĂϯǐĞĚĂϰǐĞĚŝĕƁĞƐĚŽ^ŝ^;^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ͕͘͘͘ϭϵϵϵ͖^ĂŶƚŽƐĞƚĂů͕͘ϮϬϬϲ͕ϮϬϭϯ͕
ϮϬϭϰͿ͕ĂŵƉůĂŵĞŶƚĞĚŝǀƵůŐĂĚĂƐŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĞŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞĞĂĚŽƚĂĚĂƐŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘
K ĂƉĞƌĨĞŝĕŽĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ ^ŝ^ Ġ Ƶŵ ƉƌŽũĞƚŽ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ ĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐ-
ƐĞĞƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĂĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽĚŽWĂşƐĞĠĐŽŽƌĚĞŶĂĚŽƉĞůĂ
ŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐ͘dĞŵĐŽŵŽĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽĂƐƉĂƌĐĞƌŝĂƐŝŶƐƟƚƵĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ŽƐĞƐƚƵĚŽƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ
ĞĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽƌĞĐĞŶƚĞĚŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŶĂĄƌĞĂĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂĚŽ^ŽůŽ͘
KƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂŝŶŝĐŝĂŝƐƉĂƌĂĂϭǐĞĂϮǐĞĚŝĕƁĞƐĨŽƌĂŵĂϯǐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂ-
ĕĆŽ ĚŽ ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ ;ĂŵĂƌŐŽ Ğƚ Ăů͕͘ ϭϵϴϴĂͿ Ğ ĂƐ ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ ƉƵďůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͗ Mapa mundial
de suelos ;&K͕ ϭϵϵϬͿ͕ ZĠĨĠƌĞŶƟĞů ƉĠĚŽůŽŐŝƋƵĞ ĨƌĂŶĕĂŝƐ e ZĠĨĠƌĞŶƟĞů ƉĠĚŽůŽŐŝƋƵĞ
;ƐƐŽĐŝĂƟŽŶ&ƌĂŶĕĂŝƐĞƉŽƵƌ>͛ƚƵĚĞĚƵ^Žů͕ϭϵϵϬ͕ϭϵϵϱͿ͕Keys to soil taxonomy (Estados
hŶŝĚŽƐ͕ϭϵϵϰ͕ϭϵϵϴ͕ϮϬϬϲ͕ϮϬϭϬͿĞWorld reference base for soil resources;&K͕ϭϵϵϰ͕
ϭϵϵϴ͕ϮϬϬϲͿ͘ƐƚĂĞĚŝĕĆŽĚŽ^ŝ^Ġ͕ăůƵnjĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŐĞƌĂĚĂƐŶŽWĂşƐ
ĞŶŽĞdžƚĞƌŝŽƌ;ƐƚĂĚŽƐhŶŝĚŽƐ͕ϭϵϵϵ͖ϮϬϭϰ͖/ƐďĞůů͕ϭϵϵϲ͕ϮϬϭϲ͖/h^^tŽƌŬŝŶŐ'ƌŽƵƉtZ͕
ϮϬϭϱͿ͕ŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĞƵŵĂƌĞǀŝƐĆŽĞĂƚƵĂůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƉĂƌąŵĞƚƌŽƐĞĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐƵƟůŝnjĂĚŽƐŶĂ
ϯǐĞϰǐĞĚŝĕƁĞƐ;^ĂŶƚŽƐĞƚĂů͕͘ϮϬϭϯ͕ϮϬϭϰͿĞĚĞĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕƁĞƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͕ďĞŵĐŽŵŽĚĂ
ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĕĆŽĚĞƐƵŐĞƐƚƁĞƐĞĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝĕƁĞƐĞŶǀŝĂĚĂƐƉĞůĂĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĐŝĞŶơĮĐĂ͘
KƉƌŽũĞƚŽĚĞĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĞǀĂůŝĚĂĕĆŽĚŽ^ŝ^ĞƐƚĄŐĞƌĂŶĚŽĂĕƁĞƐĞŵƚƌġƐ
ŝŶƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐĚĞĚŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽĞĚĞĐŝƐĆŽ͕ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŶĚŽŐƌƵƉŽƐŝŶƚĞƌŝŶƐƟƚƵĐŝŽŶĂŝƐŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂ-
2ϲ ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĚĞůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ

ĚŽƐĞĂƚƵĂŶƚĞƐĞŵŶşǀĞŝƐŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůĞůŽĐĂůĞĐŽŶƚĂŶĚŽĐŽŵĞƋƵŝƉĞƐŶĂƐƵŶŝǀĞƌ-
ƐŝĚĂĚĞƐ͕ Ğŵ ŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐ ƉƷďůŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĂĚƵĂŝƐ ŽƵ ĨĞĚĞƌĂŝƐ ĞͬŽƵ ŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐ ƉƌŝǀĂĚĂƐ͕ ƋƵĞ
ƚġŵƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽŶĂĞdžĞĐƵĕĆŽĚĞůĞǀĂŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͕ŶĂĞůĂďŽƌĂĕĆŽĚĞĚŝƐƐĞƌƚĂĕƁĞƐ
ĞƚĞƐĞƐĞĞŵŽƵƚƌĂƐĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞƐƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐĂĞƐƐĞƚĞŵĂ͘
ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĂƚƵĂůĠĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂƉŽƌƵŵŽŵŝƚġͲdžĞĐƵƟǀŽEĂĐŝŽŶĂůĂƐ-
ƐĞƐƐŽƌĂĚŽƉŽƌĐŽůĂďŽƌĂĚŽƌĞƐƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞŶƷĐůĞŽƐůŽĐĂŝƐĚĞĚŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽĚĂƐĄƌĞĂƐĚĞŐġŶĞ-
ƐĞ͕ŵŽƌĨŽůŽŐŝĂĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͘
EĂϭǐĞĚŝĕĆŽĚŽ^ŝ^͕ĨŽƌĂŵŵĂŶƟĚĂƐĂƐϭϰĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϭǑŶşǀĞů ĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽĚĂ
ϰǐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕĆŽĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ͘dŽĚĂǀŝĂ͕ŐƌĂŶĚĞƉĂƌƚĞĚŽƐƉĂƌąŵĞƚƌŽƐĞĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐƵƟůŝnjĂĚŽƐ
ŶĂϰǐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂĕĆŽƉĂƐƐŽƵƉŽƌŵƵŝƚĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐĞŵƐĞƵƐĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐĞĚĞĮŶŝĕƁĞƐ͘EĂϮǐ
ĞĚŝĕĆŽ͕ĐŽŶƐƚĂŵƐŽŵĞŶƚĞϭϯĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞϭǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ŽƌĚĞŶƐͿĞŵĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂĚĂ
ĞdžƟŶĕĆŽĚĂŽƌĚĞŵůŝƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ĚĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĚĞƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ͕ŵĞŵďƌŽƐ
ĚŽŽŵŝƚġƐƐĞƐƐŽƌEĂĐŝŽŶĂůĞĚĞŽŵŝƚġƐZĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ĚŝƐĐƵƟĚĂĞĂƉƌŽǀĂĚĂƉĞůŽŽŵŝƚġͲ
ͲdžĞĐƵƟǀŽ͘EĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĞĚŝĕĆŽ͕ĨŽƌĂŵŵĂŶƟĚĂƐĂƐϭϯĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϭǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ͘
Ɛ ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ ĚŽ ϭǑ ŶşǀĞů ĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ ;ŽƌĚĞŶƐͿ ĞƐƚĆŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ĂůĨĂďĞƟĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ŶŽĂƉşƚƵůŽϯ;ŽŶĐĞŝƚŽĞĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽϭǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽͿĞŶŽƐĂƉşƚƵůŽƐĚĞ
ϱĂϭϳ͘EŽƐĂƉşƚƵůŽƐϭĞϮ͕ĨŽƌĂŵĨĞŝƚĂƐĂůƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐŶĂƐĚĞĮŶŝĕƁĞƐĚĞĂůŐƵŶƐĂƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐĞ
ŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐ͕ĂƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽĂŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽĚĞĂůŐƵŶƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌĞƐ͘
EŽĂƉşƚƵůŽϭϴ͕ĐŽŶƐƚĂŵĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐĞĂƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐƚĂdžŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐƉĂƌĂĚĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚĞĐůĂƐ-
ƐĞƐĚŽϱǑŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ;ĨĂŵşůŝĂƐͿ͘KƐĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐƌĞĐŽŵĞŶĚĂĚŽƐĚĞǀĞŵƐĞƌƚĞƐƚĂĚŽƐŶĂƐ
ĚŝƐƟŶƚĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ͕ǀĞƌŝĮĐĂŶĚŽŵĞƚŽĚŽůŽŐŝĂƐĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂĚĂƐĞƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƐĞŵƚĞƌŵŽƐ
ĚĞ ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂƐ ĂŐƌŽŶƀŵŝĐĂ Ğ ŐĞŽƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ Ğ ƉĂƌĂ ĮŶƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ͘ K ϲǑ ŶşǀĞů ĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽ
ĂŝŶĚĂĞƐƚĄĞŵĨĂƐĞĚĞĚŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ͘WĂƌĂĞƐƐĞƐŶşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐ͕ĚĞǀĞŵƐĞƌĞƐƟŵƵůĂĚĂƐ
ĂĕƁĞƐĚĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŶĂƐŝŶƐƟƚƵŝĕƁĞƐĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ͘
ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂĚŽƐĂŶĞdžŽƐĨŽŝŵĂŶƟĚĂĚĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵĂϰǐĞĚŝĕĆŽ͕ŵĂƐĂůŐƵŶƐĨŽƌĂŵ
atualizados, tais como Métodos de análises de solos adotados pela Embrapa Solos (Anexo
Ϳ͕^ŝŵďŽůŽŐŝĂƉĂƌĂĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞϭǑ͕ϮǑĞϯǑŶşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐ (Anexo E), Ordenação de
ůĞŐĞŶĚĂĚĞŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽƐ;ŶĞdžŽ'Ϳ͕WĂĚƌŽŶŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĚĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞϭǑĞ
ϮǑŶşǀĞŝƐĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽƐƉĂƌĂƵƐŽĞŵŵĂƉĂƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐ;ŶĞdžŽ,Ϳ͕ĞCorrespondência apro-
džŝŵĂĚĂĞŶƚƌĞĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐĞŵĂůƚŽŶşǀĞůĐĂƚĞŐſƌŝĐŽŶŽ^ŝ^͕tZĞ^ŽŝůdĂdžŽŶŽŵLJ
;ŶĞdžŽ:Ϳ͘ĚŝĐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĨŽƌĂŵŝŶƐĞƌŝĚŽƐŽƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐĂŶĞdžŽƐ͗Classes de profundida-
de dos solos (Anexo A), Classes de reação dos solos (Anexo C) e Tipos de terreno (Anexo
F).
ƐĚĞĮŶŝĕƁĞƐĞŶŽƚĂĕƁĞƐĚĞŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐĞĐĂŵĂĚĂƐĚĞƐŽůŽƐĆŽƵƟůŝnjĂĚĂƐĚĞĂĐŽƌĚŽ
ĐŽŵ ĂƌǀĂůŚŽ Ğƚ Ăů͘ ;ϭϵϴϴͿ Ğ ŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ďĄƐŝĐŽƐ ĚĞ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐ ŵŽƌĨŽůſŐŝĐĂƐ
ĐŽŶƟĚŽƐŶĂSúmula da Reunião Técnica de Levantamento de Solos (Reunião..., 1979b) e
no Manual de descrição e coleta de solo no campo ;>ĞŵŽƐ͖^ĂŶƚŽƐ͕ϭϵϵϲ͖^ĂŶƚŽƐĞƚĂů͕͘
ϮϬϭϱͿ͘ŵƚŽĚŽŽƚĞdžƚŽ͕ƐĞŐƵŝƌĂŵͲƐĞĂƐĚĞƐŝŐŶĂĕƁĞƐĚŽ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚĞDĞĚŝĚĂƐ͕
conforme 'ƵŝĚĞĨŽƌƚŚĞƵƐĞŽĨƚŚĞ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů^LJƐƚĞŵŽĨhŶŝƚƐ;^/Ϳ;dĂLJůŽƌ͕ϭϵϵϱͿ͘
ĞĮŶŝĕĆŽĚĞƐŽůŽ

KƐŽůŽƋƵĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂŵŽƐĠƵŵĂĐŽůĞĕĆŽĚĞĐŽƌƉŽƐŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵşĚŽƐƉŽƌ
ƉĂƌƚĞƐƐſůŝĚĂƐ͕ůşƋƵŝĚĂƐĞŐĂƐŽƐĂƐ͕ƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽƐ͕ĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐƉŽƌŵĂƚĞ-
ƌŝĂŝƐŵŝŶĞƌĂŝƐĞŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽƐƋƵĞŽĐƵƉĂŵĂŵĂŝŽƌƉĂƌƚĞĚŽŵĂŶƚŽƐƵƉĞƌĮĐŝĂůĚĂƐĞdžƚĞŶ-
ƐƁĞƐĐŽŶƟŶĞŶƚĂŝƐĚŽŶŽƐƐŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂ͕ĐŽŶƚġŵŵĂƚĠƌŝĂǀŝǀĂĞƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌǀĞŐĞƚĂĚŽƐŶĂ
ŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂŽŶĚĞŽĐŽƌƌĞŵĞ͕ĞǀĞŶƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƚĞƌĞŵƐŝĚŽŵŽĚŝĮĐĂĚŽƐƉŽƌŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌġŶ-
ĐŝĂƐĂŶƚƌſƉŝĐĂƐ͘

YƵĂŶĚŽĞdžĂŵŝŶĂĚŽƐĂƉĂƌƟƌĚĂƐƵƉĞƌİĐŝĞ͕ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŵĞŵƐĞĕƁĞƐĂƉƌŽdžŝŵĂ-
ĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂůĞůĂƐ͕ ŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ ĐĂŵĂĚĂƐ ĞͬŽƵ ŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĚŝƐƟŶŐƵĞŵ
ĚŽŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůĚĞŽƌŝŐĞŵŝŶŝĐŝĂů͕ĐŽŵŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĞĂĚŝĕƁĞƐ͕ƉĞƌĚĂƐ͕ƚƌĂŶƐůŽĐĂĕƁĞƐĞ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞŵĂƚĠƌŝĂ͕ƋƵĞŽĐŽƌƌĞŵĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚŽƚĞŵƉŽĞƐŽďĂŝŶŇƵ-
ġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐĐůŝŵĂ͕ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐĞƌĞůĞǀŽ͘KƐŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐƌĞŇĞƚĞŵŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ
ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚŽƐŽůŽĂƉĂƌƟƌĚŽŝŶƚĞŵƉĞƌŝƐŵŽĚŽƐƵďƐƚƌĂƚŽƌŽĐŚŽƐŽŽƵĚĞƐĞĚŝŵĞŶ-
ƚŽƐĚĞŶĂƚƵƌĞnjĂĚŝǀĞƌƐĂ͘ƐĐĂŵĂĚĂƐ͕ƉŽƌƐƵĂǀĞnj͕ƐĆŽƉŽƵĐŽŽƵŶĂĚĂĂĨĞƚĂĚĂƐƉĞůŽƐ
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐƉĞĚŽŐĞŶĠƟĐŽƐ͕ŵĂŶƚĞŶĚŽ͕ĞŵŵĂŝŽƌŽƵŵĞŶŽƌƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽ͕ĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐ-
ƟĐĂƐĚŽŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůĚĞŽƌŝŐĞŵ͘

KƐŽůŽƚĞŵĐŽŵŽůŝŵŝƚĞƐƵƉĞƌŝŽƌĂĂƚŵŽƐĨĞƌĂ͕ĞŵďŽƌĂĂůŐƵŶƐƐŽůŽƐƉŽƐƐĂŵ
ƚĞƌƵŵĂĐŽůƵŶĂĚĞĄŐƵĂƐŽďƌĞƉŽƐƚĂ;ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞŶƚĞŽƵƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂͿ͕ĚĞƐĚĞƋƵĞŶĆŽŚĂũĂ
ŝŵƉĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĂŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƌĂşnjĞƐĚĞƉůĂŶƚĂƐĂĚĂƉƚĂĚĂƐĂĞƐƐĂƐĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ͘
KƐůŝŵŝƚĞƐůĂƚĞƌĂŝƐƐĆŽŽƐĐŽŶƚĂƚŽƐĐŽŵĐŽƌƉŽƐĚ͛ĄŐƵĂƐƵƉĞƌĮĐŝĂŝƐ͕ƌŽĐŚĂƐ͕ŐĞůŽ͕ĄƌĞ-
ĂƐĐŽŵĐŽďĞƌƚƵƌĂƐĚĞŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐĚĞƚƌşƟĐŽƐŝŶĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĚŽƐ͕ĂƚĞƌƌŽƐŽƵƚĞƌƌĞŶŽƐƐŽď
ĞƐƉĞůŚŽƐĚ͛ĄŐƵĂƉĞƌŵĂŶĞŶƚĞƐ͘KůŝŵŝƚĞŝŶĨĞƌŝŽƌĚŽƐŽůŽĠĚŝİĐŝůĚĞƐĞƌĚĞĮŶŝĚŽ͘ŵ
ŐĞƌĂů͕ŽƐŽůŽƉĂƐƐĂŐƌĂĚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĞŵƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƉĂƌĂƌŽĐŚĂĚƵƌĂŽƵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ
ƐĂƉƌŽůşƟĐŽƐ ŽƵ ƐĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ƐŝŶĂŝƐ ĚĂ ŝŶŇƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞ
ďŝŽůſŐŝĐĂ͘KŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐƵďũĂĐĞŶƚĞ;ŶĆŽƐŽůŽͿĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĂĐŽŵŽƐŽůŽƉĞůŽĚĞĐƌĠƐĐŝŵŽŶş-
ƟĚŽĚĞĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝŶƚĞƐŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽƐĞƉĞůŽĚĞĐƌĠƐĐŝŵŽĚĞĂůƚĞƌĂĕĆŽĞĚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚŽƐ
ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝŶƚĞƐŵŝŶĞƌĂŝƐ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ƉĞůŽƉƌĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽĚĞƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐŵĂŝƐƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐ
ĂŽƐƵďƐƚƌĂƚŽƌŽĐŚŽƐŽŽƵĂŽŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůĚĞŽƌŝŐĞŵŶĆŽĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĚŽ͘
2ϴ ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĚĞůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞ^ŽůŽƐ

KĐŽƌƉŽƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂůƋƵĞƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŽƐŽůŽĠĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĚĞpedon. A face
do pedonƋƵĞǀĂŝĚĂƐƵƉĞƌİĐŝĞĂŽĐŽŶƚĂƚŽĐŽŵŽŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůĚĞŽƌŝŐĞŵ͕ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝŶĚŽ
ĂƵŶŝĚĂĚĞďĄƐŝĐĂĚĞĞƐƚƵĚŽĚŽ^ŝ^͕ĠŽƉĞƌĮůĚĞƐŽůŽ͕ƐĞŶĚŽĂǀĂůŝĂĚŽĞŵĚƵĂƐĚŝ-
ŵĞŶƐƁĞƐĞƉĞƌĨĂnjĞŶĚŽƵŵĂĄƌĞĂŵşŶŝŵĂƋƵĞƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĞĞƐƚƵĚĂƌĂǀĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ
ĂƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐ͕ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐĚŽƐŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞƐŽƵĐĂŵĂĚĂƐĚŽƐŽůŽ͘
EĂƐĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐĚĞĐůŝŵĂƚƌŽƉŝĐĂůƷŵŝĚŽ͕ƉƌĞǀĂůĞĐĞŶƚĞƐŶŽƌĂƐŝů͕ĂĞdžƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ
ĚĂĂƟǀŝĚĂĚĞďŝŽůſŐŝĐĂĞŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐƉĞĚŽŐĞŶĠƟĐŽƐĐŽŵƵŵĞŶƚĞƵůƚƌĂƉĂƐƐĂŵƉƌŽ-
ĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞƐŵĂŝŽƌĞƐƋƵĞϮϬϬĐŵ͘EĞƐƐĞƐĐĂƐŽƐ͕ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞƉŽƌƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐƉƌĄƟ-
ĐĂƐĚĞĞdžĞĐƵĕĆŽĚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƐĚĞĐĂŵƉŽ͕ŽůŝŵŝƚĞŝŶĨĞƌŝŽƌĚĂƐĞĕĆŽĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞĚŽ
ƐŽůŽƉĂƌĂĮŶƐĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĠĂƌďŝƚƌĂƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞĮdžĂĚŽĞŵϮϬϬĐŵ͕ĞdžĐĞƚŽƋƵĂŶĚŽ͗
a) K ŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞ  ĞdžĐĞĚĞƌ ϭϱϬ Đŵ ĚĞ ĞƐƉĞƐƐƵƌĂ͘ EĞƐƚĞ ĐĂƐŽ͕ Ž ůŝŵŝƚĞ ĂƌďŝͲ
ƚƌĂĚŽ Ġ ĚĞ ϯϬϬ Đŵ ;ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ĞǀĞŶƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚĂ Ğŵ ƌŐŝƐƐŽůŽƐ
Ğ>ĂƚŽƐƐŽůŽƐͿ͖ŽƵ
b) K ŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞ  ĞƐƟǀĞƌ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ ŶŽ sequum͕ ĐƵũĂ ĞƐƉĞƐƐƵƌĂ ƐŽŵĂĚĂ ă ĚŽ
ŚŽƌŝnjŽŶƚĞĨŽƌŝŐƵĂůŽƵŵĂŝŽƌƋƵĞϮϬϬĐŵ͘EĞƐƚĞĐĂƐŽ͕ĂƉůŝĐĂĚŽĞdžĐůƵƐŝ-
ǀĂŵĞŶƚĞƉĂƌĂĂƐĐůĂƐƐĞƐĚŽƐƐƉŽĚŽƐƐŽůŽƐ͕ŽůŝŵŝƚĞĂƌďŝƚƌĂĚŽĠĚĞϰϬϬĐŵ͘
WĂƌĂĐĞƌƚĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐ͕ĂƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐĞͬŽƵƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĚŽƐŽůŽ͕ƐĆŽƵƟůŝnjĂ-
ĚĂƐƐĞĕƁĞƐĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞĞƐƉĞĐşĮĐĂƐƉĂƌĂƉƌŽƉſƐŝƚŽƐĚĞĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂĕĆŽ͘ƐƐĂƐƐĞĕƁĞƐĚĞ
ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞ ĞƐƚĆŽ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚĂƐ ŶĂƐ ĐŚĂǀĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ ĚĞ ƐŽůŽƐ
;ĂƉşƚƵůŽƐϰĂϭϳͿ͘EŽĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ƌĞĐŽŵĞŶĚĂͲƐĞ͕ƐĞŵƉƌĞƋƵĞƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ĂƟŶŐŝƌϮϬϬĐŵ
ĚĞƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞƉĂƌĂĚĞƐĐƌŝĕĆŽĚĞƉĞƌĮůĚĞƐŽůŽƐƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŽƐ͘
 ĂƉşƚƵůŽ

ƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐĚŝĂŐŶſƐƟĐŽƐĞ 1
outros atributos

tribƵtos diaŐnſsƟĐos

Daterial orŐąniĐo
ĂƋƵĞůĞĐŽŶƐƟƚƵşĚŽƉŽƌŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐŽƌŝŐŝŶĄƌŝŽƐĚĞƌĞƐşĚƵŽƐǀĞŐĞƚĂŝƐĞŵĚŝĨĞ-
ƌĞŶƚĞƐĞƐƚĄĚŝŽƐĚĞĚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ĞdžĐůƵŝŶĚŽƌĂşnjĞƐǀŝǀĂƐ͕ŵĂƐŝŶĐůƵŝŶĚŽĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ĚĞĐĂƌǀĆŽĮŶĂŵĞŶƚĞĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽƐĞďŝŽŵĂƐƐĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶŽƐŽůŽĐŽŵŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĞƉƌŽ-
ĐĞƐƐŽƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͘ K ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽ ƉŽĚĞ ĞƐƚĂƌ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽ Ă ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ŵŝŶĞƌĂů Ğŵ
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕƁĞƐǀĂƌŝĄǀĞŝƐ͘EŽĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ƐĞƌĄĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽĐŽŵŽƚĂůƋƵĂŶĚŽĂƚĞŶĚĞƌĐŽŶ-
ũƵŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞŽƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐƌĞƋƵŝƐŝƚŽƐ͗

a) K ĐŽŶƚĞƷĚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝŶƚĞƐ ŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽƐ ĚĞǀĞ ŝŵƉŽƌ ƉƌĞƉŽŶĚĞƌąŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ

ƐƵĂƐƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐƐŽďƌĞĂƐĚŽƐĐŽŶƐƟƚƵŝŶƚĞƐŵŝŶĞƌĂŝƐ͖Ğ

b) KƚĞŽƌĚĞĐĂƌďŽŶŽŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽĚĞǀĞƐĞƌŝŐƵĂůŽƵŵĂŝŽƌƋƵĞϴϬŐŬŐ-1͕ĂǀĂůŝĂ-
ĚŽŶĂĨƌĂĕĆŽƚĞƌƌĂĮŶĂƐĞĐĂĂŽĂƌ;d&^Ϳ͕ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞŵĠƚŽĚŽĂĚŽƚĂĚŽƉĞůĂ
ŵďƌĂƉĂ^ŽůŽƐ;ǀĞƌŶĞdžŽ͕Ɖ͘ϯϭϳͿ͘

Material mineral
 ĂƋƵĞůĞ ĨŽƌŵĂĚŽ ƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƉŽƌ ĐŽŵƉŽƐƚŽƐ ŝŶŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽƐ͕ Ğŵ ǀĄ-
ƌŝŽƐ ĞƐƚĄĚŝŽƐ ĚĞ ŝŶƚĞŵƉĞƌŝƐŵŽ͘ K ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ĚŽ ƐŽůŽ Ġ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽ ŵŝŶĞƌĂů ƋƵĂŶĚŽ
ŶĆŽƐĂƟƐĮnjĞƌĂŽƐƌĞƋƵŝƐŝƚŽƐĞdžŝŐŝĚŽƐƉĂƌĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽ;ŝƚĞŵĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌͿ͘

ƐƚĞĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽĠĚĞƌŝǀĂĚŽĚĞƐƚĂĚŽƐhŶŝĚŽƐ;ϭϵϵϵͿĞ/h^^tŽƌŬŝŶŐ'ƌŽƵƉtZ
(2015).