Apostila 9º Ano

9°°
Apostila
Ano
1º Bimestre
Edição
Edição 2024
2024
20
ESTADO DE GOIÁS
SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DA EDUCAÇÃO
SUPERINTENDÊNCIA DE ENSINO MÉDIO
GERÊNCIA DA MEDIAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA
9°
Apostila
Ano
1º Bimestre
Edição 2024
2024
ESTADO DE GOIÁS
SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DA EDUCAÇÃO
Governador do Estado de Goiás Gerente de Mediação Tecnológica

Ronaldo Ramos Caiado Denise Cristina Bueno
Vice-governador do Estado de Goiás Coordenadoras Pedagógicas de Mediação Tecnológica

Daniel Elias Carvalho Vilela Daniela de Souza Ferreira Mesquita
Wanda Maria de Carvalho
Secretária de Estado da Educação
Aparecida de Fátima Gavioli Soares Pereira Apoio Pedagógico e Logística
Ênio Fonsêca
Diretoria Pedagógica
Alessandra Oliveira de Almeida Equipe Técnica de Estúdio - Centro de Mídias
Márcia Rocha de Souza Antunes Danilo de Aquino Maranhão Martins
Eder Socorro Pimenta
Superintendente de Ensino Médio Hugo Leandro de Leles Carvalho
Osvany da Costa Gundim Cardoso Lindomar Manoel Borges Júnior
Thiago Pimenta de Souza
ELABORADORES/AS
Linguagens e suas Tecnologias Bruno Martins Ferreira – Geografia

Ivair Alves de Souza – Coordenador de Área/ Carlos César Higa –História/ Sociologia
Língua Portuguesa Declyê Rezende de Faria Sodré – Geografia
Daniela Amâncio Cavallari – Língua Estrangeira - Inglês Gustavo Henrique José Barbosa –Filosofia/ Sociologia
Daniela de Souza Ferreira Mesquita – Língua Portuguesa Jéssyka Priscilla Rodrigues Cruvinel – História
Daniella Ferreira da Conceição – Língua Portuguesa Wanessa Santos Silva – Geografia
Fagner Barbosa Ribeiro – Língua Portuguesa
Gustavo Henrique José Barbosa – Arte Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias
Luiz Carlos Silva Junior – Educação Física Núbia Pontes Pereira – Coordenadora de Área /
Maria Magda Ribeiro – Língua Portuguesa Biologia / Ciências
Mileidy Pereira Morais – Língua Estrangeira/Inglês Bruno Nóbrega – Ciências da Natureza
Sandra de Mesquita – Língua Portuguesa Francisco Rocha – Física / Ciências
George Fontenelle Costa – Física
Matemática e suas Tecnologias Lívio de Castro Pereira – Ciências da Natureza
Luan de Souza Bezerra – Coordenador de Área Luiz Carlos Silva Júnior – Biologia
Fábio Rodrigues Lucena Rosimeire Silva de Carvalho – Química
Luara Laressa Ferreira dos Santos Lima
Luiz Felipe Ferreira de Morais Revisão
Tayssa Tieni Vieira de Souza Alessandra Oliveira de Almeida
Ceciliana de Rose Cintra Lagares
Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas Daniela de Souza Ferreira Mesquita
Pedro Ivo Jorge de Faria – Coordenador de Área/História Katiuscia Neves Almeida
Alejandro de Freitas Paulino Matos – Geografia Sara Giselle de Cássia Alexandre Gondim
EQUIPE GOIÁS TEC

TELEFONE: (62) 3243-6735
E-MAIL: gmt@seduc.go.gov.br
© Copyright 2024 – Goiás Tec Ensino Médio ao Alcance de Todos
“Todos os direitos reservados”
Sumário
LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS............................................................................ 5

Arte.......................................................................................................................................... 6
Educação Física...................................................................................................................... 39
Língua Inglesa........................................................................................................................ 57
Língua Portuguesa................................................................................................................. 91
CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS....................................................... 179

Ciências............................................................................................................................... 180
MATEMÁTICA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS....................................................................... 211
CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E SOCIAIS APLICADAS............................................................. 233

Geografia............................................................................................................................. 234
História................................................................................................................................ 251
Linguagem
e suas
Tecnologias
6
KDWKEEd hZZ/h>Z Zd^ ϵΣ

EK
dĞŵĂ͗ ŽŶĐƌĞƚŝƐŵŽ Ğ EĞŽĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŝƐŵŽ KďũĞƚŽ ĚŽ

ŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐ͗
ŽƌĞƐͲ KůĨĂďĞƚŽĚĂƌƚĞsŝƐƵĂů
ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŝǀŽƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͖
ŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐĞWƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͗ƐƚŝůŽƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͖ Ɛ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƐĆŽ ĐŽŵŽ Ž ĂůĨĂďĞƚŽ ĚĂ ĂƌƚĞ
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ͗;'KͲ&ϬϵZϬϰͲͿǆƉůŽƌĂƌ ǀŝƐƵĂů͖ĞůĂƐƐĆŽŽƐďůŽĐŽƐďĄƐŝĐŽƐƋƵĞŽƐĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ
ŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŝǀŽƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ ƚĂŝƐ ƵƐĂŵ ƉĂƌĂ ĐƌŝĂƌ ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ͘ KƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐĂƐ ƵƐĂŵ
ĐŽŵŽ͗ŽƉŽŶƚŽ͕ĂůŝŶŚĂ͕ĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕ĂĐŽƌ͕ŽĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕Ž
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ĂƚĞǆƚƵƌĂ͕ŽƐƉůĂŶŽƐ͕ĂƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕Ă ƉĂƌĂŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂƌŽŚƵŵŽƌĞĂĂƚŵŽƐĨĞƌĂĚĞƐƵĂƐ
ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ Ă ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽ͕ Ž ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ Ğ ŽďƌĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞŶƚĞƐ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ Ă ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ Ă ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ Ğ
ĐŽŵŽ ǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽ Ğ ĂŵĂƌĞůŽ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝƌ
ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐĂĞŵĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐĞƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀŽƐ͘
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ğ ƉĂŝǆĆŽ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĨƌŝĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ
;'KͲ&ϬϵZϬϱͲͿ ŝƐƚŝŶŐƵŝƌ͕ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂƌ͕
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ Ğ ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂƌ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĂǌƵů Ğ ǀĞƌĚĞ ĞǀŽĐĂŵ ĐĂůŵĂ Ğ ƐĞƌĞŶŝĚĂĚĞ͘ Ɛ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ďŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƵƐĂĚĂƐ
ƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ƚĂŝƐ ĐŽŵŽ͗ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƐ͕ ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂƐ͕
ĐŽŵŽƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂƐĞŵŽĚĞůŽƐƉĂƌĂĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞ
ŐƌĂǀƵƌĂƐ͕ ĐŽůĂŐĞŶƐ͕ ,Y͕ ǌŝŶĞƐ͕ ŵĞŵĞƐ͕
ŝŶƚĞƌǀĞŶĕƁĞƐ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂƐ͕ ĞƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ͕ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ͕ ĐŚĂŵĂŵŽƐ ŝƐƐŽ ĚĞ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĚĂƐ
ŵŽĚĞůĂŐĞŶƐ͕ ŝŶƐƚĂůĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ǀşĚĞŽƐ͕ ĨŽƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĂƐ͕
ĐŽƌĞƐƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ͘DĂƐŽƋƵĞĠŝƐƐŽ͍ ĞŝǆĂƋƵĞ
ƉĞƌĨŽƌŵĂŶĐĞƐ͕ ŐƌĂĨŝƚĞ͕ ƚĞĐĞůĂŐĞŶƐ͘ &ĂǌĞƌ ƵƐŽ
ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞů ĚĞ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ͕ ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ͕ ĞƵƚĞĞǆƉůŝĐŽĐŽŵŵĂŝƐĚĞƚĂůŚĞƐ͘
ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ dĞŽƌŝĂ ĚĂƐ ŽƌĞƐ WƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ Ġ Ƶŵ
ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚĞƐ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĂŵƉůŝĂƌĂƐĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂƐĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐĞŽƐĞƵƌĞƉĞƌƚſƌŝŽ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů ŶŽ ĞƐƚƵĚŽ ĚĂ ĐŽƌ Ğ ĚĂ
ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐŽ͕ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐŽ Ğ ƐĞŶƐşǀĞů ŶĂƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĕƁĞƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ͘ƐĐŽƌĞƐƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐƐĆŽĂďĂƐĞ
ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞ Ğ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞů
ĚĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĞ
ĚŽƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͘
ŵŝƐƚƵƌĂƐ͘ EŽ ŵŽĚĞůŽ ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů͕ ƵƐĂĚŽ ŶĂ
;'KͲ&ϬϵZϬϮͿ WĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƌ Ğ ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ĞƐƚŝůŽƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚƵĂůŝǌĂŶĚŽͲŽƐ ŶŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ ŶŽ ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂĞŶŽĚĞƐŝŐŶŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ͕ĂƐĐŽƌĞƐƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ
ĞƐƉĂĕŽ Ğ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ Ğŵ ĐŽŵƵŵ ƐĆŽ͗ŽǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽ͕ŽĂǌƵůĞŽĂŵĂƌĞůŽ͘>ŽŐŽĞƐƐĂƐ
ĐŽŵĂĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌĂŶĞŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĐŽƌĞƐƐĆŽĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂƐƉƵƌĂƐĞƐĆŽĂďĂƐĞƉĂƌĂ
ĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵǀĂƐƚŽĞƐƉĞĐƚƌŽĚĞŽƵƚƌĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ͘
EĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ͕ĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ
ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ Ġ ĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂů ƉĂƌĂ ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ
ĐŽƌĞƐ ŝŶƚĞƌĂŐĞŵ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ɛŝ Ğ ĐŽŵŽ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕƁĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĨŽƌŵĂĚĂƐ͘ Ž
ŵŝƐƚƵƌĂƌ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ Ğŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕƁĞƐ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐŽďƚĞƌƵŵĂŝŶĨŝŶŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ
LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

7
cores secundárias e terciárias. No mundo da

arte, design e até na moda, o conhecimento
das cores primárias é crucial. Artistas e
designers usam essa base para criar paletas
de cores harmoniosas e expressivas. A mistura
ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ ĚĞƐƐĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉŽĚĞ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂƌ Ğŵ
ƚŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ǀŝďƌĂŶƚĞƐ Ğ ŝŵƉĂĐƚĂŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌƚƌĂďĂůŚŽǀŝƐƵĂů
hŵ ĚŽƐ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ

ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀŽƐĚĞEĞǁƚŽŶĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵĂƉĂƐƐĂŐĞŵ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƚĞŽƌŝĂͲĚĂƐͲĐŽƌĞƐͬ
ĂĐĞƐƐĂĚĂĞŵϮϵͬϭϭͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ĚĞ ůƵǌ ďƌĂŶĐĂ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƉƌŝƐŵĂ͘ ůĞ
ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌŽƵƋƵĞĂůƵǌďƌĂŶĐĂĠĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂƉŽƌ
şƌĐƵůŽĐƌŽŵĄƚŝĐŽ
ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƐĞƉĂƌĂĚĂƐ ĂŽ
ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞƐƐĂ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽ ƐƵƌŐĞ
ƉĂƐƐĂƌ ƉŽƌ Ƶŵ ƉƌŝƐŵĂ͘ /ƐƐŽ ůĞǀŽƵ ă
Ž ĐşƌĐƵůŽ ĐƌŽŵĄƚŝĐŽ͘ ůĞ ĐŽŶƚĠŵ ĚŽǌĞ
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƐĆŽ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĐŽƌĞƐ͕ƋƵĞĂũƵĚĂŵĂǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂƌƋƵĂŝƐ
ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚĞƐ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂŝƐ ĚĂ ůƵǌ͕ ŶĆŽ
ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ͕ ĂƐ ƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝĂƐ Ğ ĂƐ
ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĚŽƐŽďũĞƚŽƐĞŵƐŝ͘
ƚĞƌĐŝĄƌŝĂƐƋƵĞĨŽƌŵĂŵŽĞƐƉĞĐƚƌŽǀŝƐşǀĞů͘
ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ /ƐĂĂĐ EĞǁƚŽŶ ĐŽŵ Ă
ůƵǌ Ğ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĨŽŝ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů ƉĂƌĂ Ž
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ Ğ ĚĂ
ſƉƚŝĐĂ ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ͘ EŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ ys//͕ EĞǁƚŽŶ
ĐŽŶĚƵǌŝƵ ƵŵĂ ƐĠƌŝĞ ĚĞ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ŝŶŽǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƌĂŵ Ă
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂĚĂ ůƵǌ ĞĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ͘
ŵ ŽƵƚƌŽ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ EĞǁƚŽŶ ƵƐŽƵ ĚŽŝƐ
ƉƌŝƐŵĂƐƉĂƌĂŵŽƐƚƌĂƌƋƵĞĂůƵǌĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂ͕ƵŵĂ
ǀĞǌƐĞƉĂƌĂĚĂ͕ŶĆŽƉŽĚŝĂƐĞƌĂůƚĞƌĂĚĂĞŵŽƵƚƌĂ
ĐŽƌ͘/ƐƐŽƌĞĨƵƚŽƵĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĞŶƚĆŽƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ
ĚĞƋƵĞĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĞƌĂŵƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂƐƉĞůĂŵŝƐƚƵƌĂ ƌĂŶĐŽĞŽƉƌĞƚŽ͗ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĞĂƵƐġŶĐŝĂĚĞůƵǌ
ĚĞůƵǌĞĞƐĐƵƌŝĚĆŽ͘ KďƌĂŶĐŽĞŽƉƌĞƚŽ;ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ
ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂĚŽƐƉŽƌĐŽƌĞƐͿƐĆŽĂƉĞŶĂƐƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĂ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂŽƵĚĂĂƵƐġŶĐŝĂĚĞůƵǌ͘ĐŽƌďƌĂŶĐĂĠ

8
Ă ůƵǌ ƉƵƌĂ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽŚĄƵŵĂ ƌĞĨůĞǆĆŽƚŽƚĂůĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƐĆŽ ƋƵĞŶƚĞƐ ŽƵ ĨƌŝĂƐ͘ K ĞƐƚƵĚŽ ĚĂ
ƐĞƚĞĐŽƌĞƐ͘ ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĠĨĞŝƚŽĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂĂŶĄůŝƐĞ
:Ą Ă ĐŽƌ ƉƌĞƚĂ ŶĂĚĂ ŵĂŝƐ Ġ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ă ĚĞƵŵĂƌŽĚĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ͘
ĂƵƐġŶĐŝĂ ƚŽƚĂů ĚĞ ůƵǌ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ŶĞƐƐĞ ĐĂƐŽ ĂƐ EĂ ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂ ŵŽŶŽĐƌŽŵĄƚŝĐĂ͕ ƵŵĂ
ĐŽƌĞƐŶĆŽƐĞƌĞĨůĞƚĞŵ͕ĞůĂƐƐĆŽĂďƐŽƌǀŝĚĂƐ͘ ƷŶŝĐĂ ĐŽƌ Ġ Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ƉĂƌƚŝĚĂ͘ ƐƐĂ ĐŽƌ Ġ
YƵĂŶĚŽ Ă ůƵǌ ĚŽ ƐŽů ŝŶĐŝĚĞ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂĚĂ Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ŶƵĂŶĐĞƐ͕
ŽďũĞƚŽ ďƌĂŶĐŽ͕ ĞƐƚĞ ƌĞĨůĞƚĞ ŽƐ ƌĂŝŽƐ ƐŽůĂƌĞƐ ŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ ƐƵĂ ƐĂƚƵƌĂĕĆŽ Ğ ůƵŵŝŶŽƐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ Ž
ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ƶŵ ŽďũĞƚŽ ƉƌĞƚŽ ĂďƐŽƌǀĞ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ƋƵĞŐĞƌĂƵŵĂƉĂůĞƚĂĐŽŵǀĄƌŝĂƐŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ƌĂŝŽƐƐŽůĂƌĞƐ͘ ĚĂ ŵĞƐŵĂ ĐŽƌ͘ ƐƚĞ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂ Ġ ŝĚĞĂů
ƉĂƌĂ ƉƌŽũĞƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ďƵƐĐĂŵ ƐŝŵƉůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ
,ĂƌŵŽŶŝĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ ƵŶŝĨŽƌŵŝĚĂĚĞǀŝƐƵĂů͕ƉŽŝƐĐƌŝĂƵŵĞĨĞŝƚŽƐƵĂǀĞ
ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂ ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĞƐƚƵĚĂ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ĞĐŽĞƐŽƐĞŵŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞƐ͘
ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ ŵĐŽŶƚƌĂƉĂƌƚŝĚĂ͕ĂŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂĂŶĄůŽŐĂ
ƋƵĂŝƐĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕƁĞƐƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌŵĂŝƐĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂƐ ďĂƐĞŝĂͲƐĞ ŶĂ ĞƐĐŽůŚĂ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĐŽƌ ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂ͕
Ğ ĂƚƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ƶŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ƵƐŽ͘ ĐŽŵŽ ǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽ͕ ĂǌƵů ŽƵ ĂŵĂƌĞůŽ͕ Ğ ŶĂ
ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂ ĂŶĂůŝƐĂ Ă ĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĂĚũĂĐĞŶƚĞƐ ŶĂ ƌŽĚĂ ĚĞ
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚŽŶƐ͕ ŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĚĂĚĞƐ Ğ ĐŽƌĞƐ͘ ƐƚĂ ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ ƉĞƌŵŝƚĞ Ƶŵ ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ
ŵĂƚŝǌĞƐ͘ ĞŶƚƌĞƵŶŝĨŽƌŵŝĚĂĚĞĞĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ŽĨĞƌĞĐĞŶĚŽ
ƐĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕƁĞƐƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĨĞŝƚĂƐĞŶƚƌĞ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞ ŵĂŝƐ ƐƵĂǀĞ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ă ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂ
ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ͕ ƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝĂƐ Ğ ƚĞƌĐŝĄƌŝĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ͕ ŵĂƐ ĐŽŵ ŵĂŝŽƌ ǀĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ
ƐĞŶĚŽ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂƌ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĞ ĂƐ ƋƵĞĂŵŽŶŽĐƌŽŵĄƚŝĐĂ͘

9
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƚĞŽƌŝĂͲĚĂƐͲĐŽƌĞƐͬ ĂĐĞƐƐĂĚĂĞŵϮϵͬϭϭͬϮϬϮϯ͘
WŽƌ Ĩŝŵ͕ Ă ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂ ĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ ĂĚĂ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƚĞŵ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂ ƉĂƌĞƐ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĆŽ Ğŵ ƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐ ƐƵĂƐ ƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞƐ Ğ ĂƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ
ŽƉŽƐƚĂƐŶĂƌŽĚĂĚĞĐŽƌĞƐ͕ĐŽŵŽĂǌƵůĞůĂƌĂŶũĂ ĞƐĐŽůŚŝĚĂƐ ĚĞ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ Ğ Ž
ŽƵǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽĞǀĞƌĚĞ͘ƐƚĂĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽĐƌŝĂƵŵ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽǀŝƐƵĂůĚĞƐĞũĂĚŽŶŽƉƌŽũĞƚŽ͘
ĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞǀŝƐƵĂůŝŶƚĞŶƐŽĞǀŝďƌĂŶƚĞ͕ŝĚĞĂůƉĂƌĂ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽƐ ŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƚĞŽƌŝĂͲĚĂƐͲĐŽƌĞƐͬ
ĂĐĞƐƐĂĚŽĞŵϮϵͬϭϭͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ƉƌŽũĞƚŽƐƋƵĞĚĞƐĞũĂŵƵŵŝŵƉĂĐƚŽǀŝƐƵĂůŵĂŝƐ
ĨŽƌƚĞ͘
ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂƚƌŝĄĚŝĐĂŶĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ
ĞŶǀŽůǀĞ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƚƌġƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĆŽ
ϭ͘ hƐĞ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĐƌŝĂƌ ĐŽƌĞƐ
ŝŐƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĞƐƉĂĕĂĚĂƐ ŶŽ ĐşƌĐƵůŽ ĐƌŽŵĄƚŝĐŽ͘
ƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝĂƐ Ğ ƚĞƌĐŝĄƌŝĂƐ͘ DŝƐƚƵƌĂƌ ĚƵĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ
ƐƚĞŵĠƚŽĚŽĠƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌŵĞŶƚĞĞĨŝĐĂǌƋƵĂŶĚŽ
ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĐĂĚĂ ǀĞǌ ƉĂƌĂ ǀĞƌ ƋƵĞ ĐŽƌ
ƐĞĚĞƐĞũĂƵŵĂůƚŽĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞǀŝƐƵĂůŵĂŶƚĞŶĚŽ͕
ƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝĂ Ġ ĐƌŝĂĚĂ ;ǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽ Ğ ĂŵĂƌĞůŽ
ĂŽŵĞƐŵŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ƵŵĂĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂĞƋƵŝůŝďƌĂĚĂĞ
ĨŽƌŵĂŵůĂƌĂŶũĂ͕ĂŵĂƌĞůŽĞĂǌƵůĨŽƌŵĂŵǀĞƌĚĞ͕
ĐŽĞƐĂ͘ Ɛ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƚƌŝĄĚŝĐĂƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŵ Ƶŵ
ǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽĞĂǌƵůĨŽƌŵĂŵǀŝŽůĞƚĂͿ͘ƉſƐŝƐƐŽĐƌŝĞ
ĚŝŶĂŵŝƐŵŽ ǀŝƐƵĂů ŶŽƚĄǀĞů͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ ŝĚĞĂŝƐ ƉĂƌĂ
Ƶŵ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ƉĂůĞƚĂ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ
ƉƌŽũĞƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ďƵƐĐĂŵ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌͲƐĞ Ğ ĐĂƚŝǀĂƌ Ă
ƉƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ͘
ĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ͘

10
DĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐEĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐƉĂƌĂĂĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͗dŝŶƚĂ ƉƐŝĐŽůŽŐŝĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐďĂƐĞŝĂͲƐĞŶĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞƋƵĞ
ŐƵĂĐŚĞ ŶĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ͗ ǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽ͕ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƉƌŽǀŽĐĂƌ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ĂŵĂƌĞůŽĞĂǌƵů͘WŝŶĐĠŝƐ͘&ŽůŚĂƐĚĞƉĂƉĞůďƌĂŶĐŽ ƌĞĂĕƁĞƐĞŵŽĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐĂƐŶĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘
ŽƵƚĞůĂƉĂƌĂƉŝŶƚƵƌĂ͘WĂůĞƚĂĚĞŵŝƐƚƵƌĂĚĞĐŽƌĞƐ WŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ƚŽŶƐ ĚĞ ĂǌƵů ƚĞŶĚĞŵ Ă ƚĞƌ Ƶŵ
ŽƵƉƌĂƚŽƐĚĞƉĂƉĞů͘ ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĐĂůŵĂŶƚĞ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ž ǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽ ƉŽĚĞ
ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ Ă ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ğ Ă ƉĂŝǆĆŽ͘ ƐƚĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ Ġ
dĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐŽƌĞƐĚĞ:ŽŚĂŶŶtŽůĨŐĂŶŐ
ĂŵƉůĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ŶĂ ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĞǀŽĐĂƌ
ǀŽŶ 'ŽĞƚŚĞ ;ϭϳϰϵͲϭϴϯϮͿ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ƵŵĂ
ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽƐĞĐƌŝĂƌƵŵĂĂƚŵŽƐĨĞƌĂ
ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ ƷŶŝĐĂ Ğ ŵƵůƚŝĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƌ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă
ƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌŶƵŵĂŽďƌĂĚĞĂƌƚĞ͘
ƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ Ğ Ž ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽ ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ͘ 'ŽĞƚŚĞ͕
ƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽŶĂWŝŶƚƵƌĂ
ĨŽŝƌĞŶŽŵĂĚŽƉŽĞƚĂĂůĞŵĆŽ͕ĞǆƉůŽƌŽƵĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ
EĂ ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂ͕ Ă ƉƐŝĐŽůŽŐŝĂ ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ Ġ ĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂ
ŶĆŽĂƉĞŶĂƐƐŽďĂſƚŝĐĂĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂ͕ŵĂƐƚĂŵďĠŵ
ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĂ ĞƐĐŽůŚĂ ĐƵŝĚĂĚŽƐĂ ĚĞ ƉĂůĞƚĂƐ ĚĞ
ƐŽďƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƐĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐĞĨŝůŽƐſĨŝĐĂƐ͘ůĞǀŝĂ
ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌ ƚĞŵĂƐ ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽƐ͕
ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĐŽŵŽ ƵŵĂ ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂ ƐĞŶƐŽƌŝĂů
ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝƌ ĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ ŽƵ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌ Ƶŵ ĐůŝŵĂ͘
ĚŝŶąŵŝĐĂĞƐƵďũĞƚŝǀĂ͘ůĞĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚĂǀĂƋƵĞĂƐ
KƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƵƐĂƌ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĐŽƌĞƐ ƐƵƌŐĞŵ ĚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ůƵǌ ĐŽŵ Ă
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌ ĂůĞŐƌŝĂ ŽƵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ ŽƵ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĨƌŝĂƐ
ĞƐĐƵƌŝĚĆŽ Ğ ƐĆŽ ƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚĂƐ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĞ Ƶŵ
ƉĂƌĂĐƌŝĂƌƵŵĂƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽĚĞĐĂůŵĂŽƵƚƌŝƐƚĞǌĂ͘
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĂƚŝǀŽ ĚŽ ŽůŚŽ ŚƵŵĂŶŽ͕ ĂŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽ
ůĠŵ ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƵƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚĂĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵſƉƚŝĐĂŽďũĞƚŝǀĂĚĞEĞǁƚŽŶ͘
ĐŚĂŵĂƌ ĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĄƌĞĂƐ ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐ ĚĂ
'ŽĞƚŚĞ ĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĂǀĂ ƋƵĞ Ă ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂ
ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂ ŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ ĐƌŝĂƌ ƵŵĂ ƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ Ġ ƚĂŶƚŽ ƵŵĂ ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ĨşƐŝĐĂ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ
ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞĞĞƐƉĂĕŽ͘
ƵŵĂ ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ĞŵŽĐŝŽŶĂů Ğ ĞƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂů͘ ƐƵĂ
WƐŝĐŽůŽŐŝĂĚĂƐŽƌĞƐŶĂƉŝŶƚƵƌĂĠƵŵĞƐƚƵĚŽ
ŝĚĞŝĂĐĞŶƚƌĂůĞŵƐƵĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĠƋƵĞĂƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ
ĨĂƐĐŝŶĂŶƚĞ ƋƵĞ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ Ġ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂĚĂ ƉĞůĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ ĚŽ
ĐŽƌĞƐ ĂĨĞƚĂŵ ĂƐ ĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ͕ ƉĞƌĐĞƉĕƁĞƐ Ğ
ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͘ůĞĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƵĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĐŽŵŽΗĂƚŽƐ
ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ͘ ƐƚĂ ĄƌĞĂ ĚĂ
ĚĂůƵǌΗ–ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĚĂůƵǌĐŽŵĂĞƐĐƵƌŝĚĆŽ͘ůĞ
ƉƐŝĐŽůŽŐŝĂ Ğ ĚĂ ĂƌƚĞ ĞƐƚĄ ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ǀŝĂĂĐŽƌĐŽŵŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞĚĂƚĞŶƐĆŽĞŶƚƌĞůƵǌĞ
ĞŶƚƌĞůĂĕĂĚĂĐŽŵĂĨŽƌŵĂĐŽŵŽƉĞƌĐĞďĞŵŽƐĞ
ƐŽŵďƌĂ͕ĚŝĨĞƌŝŶĚŽĚĂǀŝƐĆŽĚĞEĞǁƚŽŶĚĞƋƵĞ
ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂŵŽƐ ĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƌƚĞ͘ sĂŵŽƐ
ĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĞǆŝƐƚĞŵŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞŶĂůƵǌ͘
ĚĞƚĂůŚĂƌŵĂŝƐƐŽďƌĞĞƐƚĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ͘
ŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ&ƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů
WƐŝĐŽůŽŐŝĂĚĂƐŽƌĞƐŶĂWŝŶƚƵƌĂ
WƐŝĐŽůŽŐŝĂĚĂƐŽƌĞƐŶĂƉŝŶƚƵƌĂƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞĂŽ
KƋƵĞĠĞŽŵŽ&ƵŶĐŝŽŶĂ͍ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƋƵĞĂƐĐŽƌĞƐƚġŵŶŽĞƐƚĂĚŽĞŵŽĐŝŽŶĂů
Ğ ƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐŽĚŽ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͘ ůĂďĂƐĞŝĂͲƐĞ ŶĂ

11
ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ŶĆŽ ƐĆŽ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ŶĂƐ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ
ĞƐƚĞƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĂŐƌĂĚĄǀĞŝƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ĐĂƌƌĞŐĂŵ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ ůŽĐĂŝƐ͕ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕
ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ Ğ ĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐ͘ ĂĚĂ ĐŽƌ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂŝƐ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ
ƉŽĚĞ ĞǀŽĐĂƌ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ƌĞĂĕƁĞƐ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂƐ ĨĂǌĞŵ ĚŽƐ ƐƵũĞŝƚŽƐ͕
ĞŵŽĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐĂƐ ŶĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘ WŽƌ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŶĚŽ ƉĂƉĞŝƐ ĚĞ ŐġŶĞƌŽ Ğ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ƚŽŶƐ ĚĞ ĂǌƵů ƐĆŽ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘ ŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ
ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽƐăĐĂůŵĂĞăƐĞƌĞŶŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽŽ ĐƌŝƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŽƐ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ Ğ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ
ǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽƉŽĚĞƐĞƌǀŝŶĐƵůĂĚŽĂƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĕƁĞƐ ƐŽĐŝŽĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ ĚĞ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ƉĂŝǆĆŽŽƵƉĞƌŝŐŽ͘ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽƐĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĚĂĂƌƚĞ͖
;'KͲ&ϬϴZϯϰͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌ Ğ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂƌ Ž
ƉĂƚƌŝŵƀŶŝŽ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͕ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů Ğ ŝŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů͕ ĚĞ
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ͕ Ğŵ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂů Ă ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕
ŝŶĐůƵŝŶĚŽ ƐƵĂƐ ŵĂƚƌŝǌĞƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͕ ĂĨƌŝĐĂŶĂƐ Ğ
ĞƵƌŽƉĞŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĠƉŽĐĂƐ͕
dĞŵĂ͗ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐ͗ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŶĚŽ Ğ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵŝŶĚŽ ƌĞƉĞƌƚſƌŝŽƐ
ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŝǀŽƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͖ ŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ğ
ƌĞůĂƚŝǀŽƐ ăƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͕
WƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͗ ƐƚŝůŽƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͖ DĂƚƌŝǌĞƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ
ďĞŵĐŽŵŽĚĞƐĐŽŶƐƚƌƵŝŶĚŽĞƐƚĞƌĞſƚŝƉŽƐ͘
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͖ WĂƚƌŝŵƀŶŝŽ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů Ğ
ŝŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů͘
ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ Ğ Ă ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐƉĞůŽŶŽƐƐŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽ
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϰͲͿ
ǆƉůŽƌĂƌŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŝǀŽƐĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ
ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĞĂĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ
ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ƚĂŝƐĐŽŵŽ͗ŽƉŽŶƚŽ͕ĂůŝŶŚĂ͕ĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕Ă
ĚĞŝŵĂŐĞŶƐƉĞůŽŶŽƐƐŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽ ƐĆŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ
ĐŽƌ͕ Ž ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ Ž ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ Ă ƚĞǆƚƵƌĂ͕ ŽƐ
ĐŽŵƉůĞǆŽƐƋƵĞĞŶǀŽůǀĞŵĂŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞŽƐ
ƉůĂŶŽƐ͕ Ă ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕ Ă ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ Ă
ŽůŚŽƐĞŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽ͘ƐĐĠůƵůĂƐƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐƉŽƌ
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽ͕ Ž ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ Ğ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ Ă
ĐĂƉƚĂƌ Ă ůƵǌ ŶŽƐ ŽůŚŽƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ĐŽŶĞƐ Ğ ŽƐ
ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ Ğ ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐĂ Ğŵ
ďĂƐƚŽŶĞƚĞƐ͘ KƐ ĐŽŶĞƐ ƐĆŽ ƐĞŶƐşǀĞŝƐ ă ĐŽƌ Ğ
ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐĞƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀŽƐ͖
ƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŵŽƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ͘ůĞƐ
;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϮͿ WĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƌĞĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ƐĆŽĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐƉĂƌĂĂǀŝƐĆŽĞŵĐŽƌĞƐ͕ŽƉĞƌĂŶĚŽ
ĞƐƚŝůŽƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚƵĂůŝǌĂŶĚŽͲŽƐŶŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞ Ğŵ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ďŽĂ
ŶŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ Ğ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ Ğŵ
ŝůƵŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ͘
ĐŽŵƵŵĐŽŵĂĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌĂŶĞŝĚĂĚĞ͖
hŵĂ ǀĞǌ ƋƵĞ Ă ůƵǌ Ġ ĐĂƉƚƵƌĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽƐ
;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϯͲͿ ZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ Ğ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂƌ Ă
ŽůŚŽƐ͕ĞůĂĠĐŽŶǀĞƌƚŝĚĂĞŵƐŝŶĂŝƐĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐƋƵĞ
ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐ ŵĂƚƌŝǌĞƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ

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ƐĆŽƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝĚŽƐĂŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽ͘KĐĠƌĞďƌŽĞŶƚĆŽ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŽĐŽƌƌĞŵ Ğŵ ŶşǀĞů ŵŽůĞĐƵůĂƌ͘

ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĂĞƐƐĂƐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐƉĂƌĂŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌĂƐ WŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ Ă ĐŽƌ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ƐŽůƵĕĆŽ ƉŽĚĞ
ĐŽƌĞƐ͘ƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐůŽŶŐŝƚƵĚĞƐĚĞŽŶĚĂĚĂůƵǌ ŵƵĚĂƌĚĞǀŝĚŽĂƵŵĂƌĞĂĕĆŽƋƵşŵŝĐĂƋƵĞĂůƚĞƌĂ
ƐĆŽƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚĂƐĐŽŵŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĐŽƌĞƐ͘ůĞŶƚĞ Ă ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĚĂƐ ŵŽůĠĐƵůĂƐ ŶĞůĂ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ͕
ĚŽŽůŚŽĐƌŝĂƵŵĂŝŵĂŐĞŵŝŶǀĞƌƚŝĚĂŶĂƌĞƚŝŶĂ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĚĞ ĐŽƌ ĞŵƵŵ ŝŶĚŝĐĂĚŽƌĚĞ
ƋƵĞĠĞŶƚĆŽĐŽŶǀĞƌƚŝĚĂƉĂƌĂĂƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ Ɖ,͘ Ɛ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ ŝŶƚƌŝŶƐĞĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ƉĞůŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽ͘DĂŝƐĚĞĐĞŵŵŝůŚƁĞƐĚĞĐĠůƵůĂƐ ůŝŐĂĚĂƐ ă ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ Ğ ăƐ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ
ŶĂƌĞƚŝŶĂƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂŵĚĞƐƐĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ͕ĞŶǀŝĂŶĚŽ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂƐĚŽƐŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ͘
ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ĂŽ ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ ƉĂƌĂ WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĨşƐŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ
ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽ͘ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐăƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽǀŝƐƵĂůƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞĚĂ
WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ Ă ǀŝƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ Ġ ƵŵĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ă ůƵǌ Ğ ŽƐ ŽďũĞƚŽƐ͕ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ
ƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽ ƉƐŝĐŽƋƵşŵŝĐĂ ŽŶĚĞ Ž ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ ǀŝŶĐƵůĂĚĂƐ ăƐ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ
ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂ ĂƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ƌĞĐĞďŝĚĂƐ ƉĞůŽƐ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂƐĞăƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐŶĂƐƐƵďƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐ͘
ŽůŚŽƐ͕ ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝŶĚŽͲŶŽƐ ǀĞƌ Ğ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ Ž ƐƐĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ĂďĂŝǆŽ ƉĂƌĞĐĞ ĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂ͕ ŵĂƐ ŶĂ
ŵƵŶĚŽĐŽůŽƌŝĚŽĂŽŶŽƐƐŽƌĞĚŽƌ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞĠƉƌĞƚŽĞďƌĂŶĐĂ͘&ŽƚŽƉƵďůŝĐĂĚĂƉŽƌ
ĚŝƐƚŝŶĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĨşƐŝĐĂƐ Ğ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ĠƵŵĂ ŵŽƐƚƌĂĚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ŶŽƐƐŽ ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ
ƋƵşŵŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĄ ŶĂ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ĐŽŵŽ ĞůĂƐ ƐĆŽ ŶĆŽ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂ ĚĞ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂƐĞƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚĂƐ͘ ΖĞŶǆĞƌŐĂƌΖ
ƐĐŽƌĞƐĨşƐŝĐĂƐĞƐƚĆŽƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐĂŽƐ /ůƵƐĆŽĚĞĂƐƐŝŵŝůĂĕĆŽĚĞĐŽƌĞƐĚĂŐƌĂĚĞ
ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐ ĨşƐŝĐŽƐ ŐĞƌĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ůƵǌ͘ ůĂƐ

ƐƵƌŐĞŵƋƵĂŶĚŽĂůƵǌŝŶƚĞƌĂŐĞĐŽŵƵŵŽďũĞƚŽ
ĞĠƌĞĨůĞƚŝĚĂ͕ĂďƐŽƌǀŝĚĂŽƵƌĞĨƌĂƚĂĚĂ͘ĐŽƌƋƵĞ
ƉĞƌĐĞďĞŵŽƐ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ŽďũĞƚŽ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞ ĚĂ
ĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂĚĂůƵǌƋƵĞĞůĞƌĞĨůĞƚĞŽƵƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚĞ͘
WŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ Ƶŵ ŽďũĞƚŽ Ġ ƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚŽ ĐŽŵŽ
ǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽƐĞƌĞĨůĞƚĞĂůƵǌǀĞƌŵĞůŚĂĞĂďƐŽƌǀĞ
ůĂ ĨŽŝ ƉƵďůŝĐĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ĚŝŐŝƚĂů
ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ͘ ĐŽƌ ĨşƐŝĐĂ ŶĆŽ Ġ ƵŵĂ
ůŽŶĚƌŝŶŽ^ƚƵĂƌƚ ,ƵŵƉŚƌǇĞƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƉƌŽǀĂ ĚĞ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ ŝŶƚƌşŶƐĞĐĂ ĚŽ ŽďũĞƚŽ͕ ŵĂƐ Ɛŝŵ
ĐŽŵŽ ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂ Ă ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ ΗŝůƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ
ĐŽŵŽĞůĞŝŶƚĞƌĂŐĞĐŽŵĂůƵǌ͘
ĂƐƐŝŵŝůĂĕĆŽĚĞĐŽƌĞƐĚĂŐƌĂĚĞΗ͘
Ɛ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĂƋƵĞůĂƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŶŽƚŝĐŝĂƐ͘ƌϳ͘ĐŽŵͬŚŽƌĂͲϳͬĞƐƐĂͲ
ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ŵŝƐƚƵƌĂƐ ĚĞ ƐƵďƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐ ŽƵ ŝŵĂŐĞŵͲƉĂƌĞĐĞͲĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂͲŵĂƐͲŶĂͲǀĞƌĚĂĚĞͲĞͲƉƌĞƚŽͲĞͲ
ƌĞĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂƐ͘ ůĂƐ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŵ ĚĂ ďƌĂŶĐĂͲϬϱϭϬϮϬϮϭĂĐĞƐƐĂĚŽϮϵͬϭϭͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ Ğ ĚĂƐ

13
ΗŝůƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĂƐƐŝŵŝůĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĚĂ ĞƐƚĄƚŝĐĂƐ͘ Ɛ ŽďƌĂƐ ĚĂ KƉ ƌƚ ƐĆŽ
ŐƌĂĚĞΗ Ġ ƵŵĂ ŝůƵƐĆŽ ſƚŝĐĂ ŝŶƚƌŝŐĂŶƚĞ ƋƵĞ ƉƌŝŵĂƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ŶĂ
ĞŶŐĂŶĂ ŶŽƐƐŽ ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽͲŶŽƐ ǀĞƌ ĐŽƌĞƐ ŝĚĞŝĂĚĞΗŵĞŶŽƐĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͕ŵĂŝƐǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽΗ͕
Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ƋƵĞ͕ ŶĂ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ Ġ ƉƌĞƚŽ Ğ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŶĚŽ ĐĂƉƚĂƌ Ă ĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƉƷďůŝĐŽ
ďƌĂŶĐĂ͘ ƐƚĂ ŝůƵƐĆŽ ŽĐŽƌƌĞ ĚĞǀŝĚŽ ă ĨŽƌŵĂ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂ ǀŝƐĆŽ͘ DƵŝƚŽƐ ũĄ ƐĞ
ĐŽŵŽ ŶŽƐƐŽ ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĂ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞƉĂƌĂƌĂŵĐŽŵŝŵĂŐĞŶƐĚĞŝůƵƐƁĞƐſƉƚŝĐĂƐĞŵ
ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐĞĐŽƌĞƐ͘ ƌĞĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ĚĞůĂƐ ƐĞŶĚŽ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ
EĂ ŝůƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĂƐƐŝŵŝůĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĚĂ ĐůĄƐƐŝĐŽƐĚĂKƉƌƚ͘
ŐƌĂĚĞ͕ ƵŵĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ Ğŵ ƉƌĞƚŽ Ğ ďƌĂŶĐŽ Ġ Ɛ ĐƌŝĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĂ KƉ ƌƚ͕ ŐĞƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ
ƐŽďƌĞƉŽƐƚĂ ƉŽƌ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂƐ ĨŝŶĂƐ͘ K ĂďƐƚƌĂƚĂƐ͕ ƐĆŽ ĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂƐ ƉŽƌ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĞĨŽƌŵĂƐ
ĐĠƌĞďƌŽŚƵŵĂŶŽƚĞŶĚĞĂΗƉƌĞĞŶĐŚĞƌΗĂƐĄƌĞĂƐ ƐĞƌŝĂĚĂƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ĞǆŝŐĞŵ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ
Ğŵ ƉƌĞƚŽ Ğ ďƌĂŶĐŽ ĐŽŵ ĐŽƌĞƐ͕ ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽ Ă ŵĂƚĞŵĄƚŝĐŽƐ͕ŚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐĂƉƵƌĂĚĂƐĞ
ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĚĞƋƵĞĂŝŵĂŐĞŵŝŶƚĞŝƌĂĠĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂ͘ Ƶŵ ƉůĂŶĞũĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĐƵŝĚĂĚŽƐŽ͘ ƐƚĞƐ ƉĂĚƌƁĞƐ
/ƐƐŽĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƉŽƌƋƵĞŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽƵƚŝůŝǌĂĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ ĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽƐŶĂƐŽďƌĂƐŐĞƌĂŵŝůƵƐƁĞƐſƉƚŝĐĂƐƋƵĞ
ĚĂƐ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĂĚũĂĐĞŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌ Ğ ĐƌŝĂŵ Ă ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕
ƉƌĞĞŶĐŚĞƌĂƐĄƌĞĂƐĞŵƉƌĞƚŽĞďƌĂŶĐŽ͘ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶĚŽ Ğŵ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ĚĞ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕
ŝůƵƐĆŽ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂ Ă ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ž ĐůĂƌƁĞƐ͕ ǀŝďƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ƉƵůƐĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƚƌĞŵŽƌĞƐ͕
ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂ Ğ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ǀĂƌŝĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ Ă ĚŝƐƚąŶĐŝĂ Ğ Ž ąŶŐƵůŽ ĚĞ
ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘ Ɛ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂƐ ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵ ĐŽŵŽ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽ͘
ƉŝƐƚĂƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂŶĚŽ Ă ƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ
ĐŽƌĞƐ ŶĂƐ ĄƌĞĂƐ ĂĚũĂĐĞŶƚĞƐ͘ K ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ͕ ĂŽ ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐDĂƌĐĂŶƚĞƐĚĂKƉƌƚ
ƚĞŶƚĂƌƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĂƌĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞ͕ ● ĨĞŝƚŽƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ƋƵĞ ĐƌŝĂŵ ŝůƵƐƁĞƐ ĚĞ
ĂĐĂďĂƉŽƌĂƉůŝĐĂƌĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĚĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐăƐĄƌĞĂƐ ſƚŝĐĂ
Ğŵ ƉƌĞƚŽ Ğ ďƌĂŶĐŽ͕ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶĚŽ ŶĂ ƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ ● ƐƚŝůŽĂďƐƚƌĂƚŽĞŝŵƉĂĐƚĂŶƚĞ
ĚĞƵŵĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂ͘ ● /ůƵƐĆŽĚĞƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ
● hƐŽĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƐĞĨŝŐƵƌĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ
KƉƌƚ͕ŽƵĂƌƚĞſƉƚŝĐĂ ● ŽƌĞƐ ĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐ Ğ ĚĞ ĂůƚŽ
^ƵƌŐŝƵ ĐŽŵŽ Ƶŵ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞ
ŝŶƚƌŝŐĂŶƚĞ͕ŶŽƚĄǀĞůƉŽƌƐƵĂĞƐƚƌĞŝƚĂůŝŐĂĕĆŽĐŽŵ ● >ŝŶŚĂƐĞĐŽƌĞƐŶŝƚŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞĚĞĨŝŶŝĚĂƐ
ƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽƐ ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐŽƐ͘ ƐƚĞ ĞƐƚŝůŽ Ġ ● WƌĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ ĚŽ ƉƌĞƚŽ Ğ ďƌĂŶĐŽ͕ ŵĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŝůƵƐƁĞƐ ſƉƚŝĐĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵŽďƌĂƐĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂƐĞǀŝďƌĂŶƚĞƐ
ƋƵĞ ĚĞƐĂĨŝĂŵ Ă ƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ ǀŝƐƵĂů͕ ŐĞƌĂŶĚŽ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ǀĂƌŝĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂƐ

14
KƌŝŐĞŶƐĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚĂKƉƌƚ &ŽŶƚĞ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďůŽŐ͘ƵƐĞĂƌƚŽŽůƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĐŽŶŚĞĐĂͲĂͲŽƉͲ

Ăƌƚͬ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ΗKƉ ƌƚΗ ĚĞƌŝǀĂ ĚŽƚĞƌŵŽ
ŝŶŐůġƐ ΗŽƉƚŝĐĂů ĂƌƚΗ ;ĂƌƚĞ ſƉƚŝĐĂͿ͕ ƌĞĨůĞƚŝŶĚŽ Ă ĞďƌĂ
ďƵƐĐĂ ĚŽƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƉŽƌ ƐŝŵďŽůŝǌĂƌ Ă ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĞŝŶƐƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽŵƵŶĚŽĞĚĂ
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ K ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƚĞǀĞ ƐƵĂƐ ƌĂşǌĞƐ ŶĂ
ĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϯϬĐŽŵĂŽďƌĂΗĞďƌĂΗĚĞsŝĐƚŽƌ
sĂƐĂƌĞůǇ͕ Ğŵ ϭϵϯϴ͘ ŽŶƚƵĚŽ͕ ƐĞƵ ĂƉŽŐĞƵ
ŽĐŽƌƌĞƵ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ Ğŵ ϭϵϲϱ͕ ĐŽŵ Ă ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ŐƌĂŶĚĞĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽŶŽDƵƐĞƵĚĞƌƚĞDŽĚĞƌŶĂ
;DŽDͿĞŵEŽǀĂzŽƌŬ͘
;sŝĐƚŽƌsĂƐĂƌĞůǇ͕ϭϵϯϴͿ
ŽŵŽƐƵƌŐŝƵĂKƉƌƚ͍
ĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ŝŶƚŝƚƵůĂĚĂdŚĞZĞƐƉŽŶƐŝǀĞ
KŶŽŵĞKƉƌƚĨŽŝƵƐĂĚŽƉĞůĂƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ǇĞ;K KůŚŽ ƋƵĞ ZĞƐƉŽŶĚĞͿ͕ ƚƌŽƵǆĞ ϭϮϯ
ǀĞǌƉĞůŽĐƌşƚŝĐŽĞĂƌƚŝƐƚĂŽŶĂůĚ:ƵĚĚĞŵƵŵĂ
ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂƐ Ğ ĞƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ ĚĞ sŝĐƚŽƌ sĂƐĂƌĞůǇ͕
análise da exposição “Pinturas Ópticas” do
ƌŝĚŐĞƚ ZŝůĞǇ͕ZŝĐŚĂƌĚ ŶƵƐǌŝĞǁŝĐǌ͕ <ĞŶŶĞƚŚ
ƉŝŶƚŽƌ:ƵůŝĂŶ^ƚĂŶĐǌĂŬ͘WŽƌĠŵ͕ũĄŶĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞ
EŽůĂŶĚ͕ ĚĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĨŝĐĂƌĂŵ
ϯϬ ĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ ĚŽĂƌƚŝƐƚĂĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞƌ ŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ
ĐŽŶƐĂŐƌĂĚŽƐŶŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘
ŚƷŶŐĂƌŽ sŝĐƚŽƌ ĨůĞƌƚĂǀĂŵ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ
KŚƷŶŐĂƌŽsŝĐƚŽƌsĂƐĂƌĞůǇ͕ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘
ƉƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƌ ĚĂ KƉ ƌƚ͕ Ġ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ ƐĞƵƐ ŵĂŝŽƌĞƐ
,ŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ă ĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽdŚĞ
ŶŽŵĞƐ͘ /ŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ZĞƐƉŽŶƐŝǀĞǇĞ;ĞŵƚƌĂĚƵĕĆŽůŝǀƌĞ͕KKůŚŽƋƵĞ
ĂƵŚĂƵƐ͕ ĂĚŽƚŽƵ Ă ĂƌƚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵƚŝǀŝƐƚĂ Ğ
ZĞƐƉŽŶĚĞͿƋƵĞĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵĞŵϭϵϲϱŶŽDƵƐĞƵ
ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘ ^ƵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ ƐĆŽ ůŝŶĚĂƐ Ğ ŐĞŶŝĂŝƐ͕
ĚĞ ƌƚĞ DŽĚĞƌŶĂ ĚĞ EŽǀĂ /ŽƌƋƵĞ ;DŽDͿ Ġ
ƐĞŐƵŝĂŵ Ƶŵ ƉĂĚƌĆŽ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ĂďƐƚƌĂƚŽ͕
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂ Ž ĂƵŐĞ ĚŽ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘ EĞƐƐĂ
ƉŽůŝĐƌŽŵĄƚŝĐŽĞŵƵůƚŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂů͘ƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĞ
ĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĞǆƉŽƐƚĂƐ ϭϮϯ ĞƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ Ğ
ĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ ĐƌŝĂǀĂŵ ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ŽŶĚƵůĂŶƚĞƐ͕
ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂƐ ĚĞ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ŶŽŵĞƐ ĨĂŵŽƐŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ
ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞĞǀŝďƌĂĕĆŽ͘
ƌŝĚŐĞƚZŝůĞǇ͕&ƌĂŶŬ^ƚĞůůĂĞ:ĞƐƷƐZĂĨĂĞů^ŽƚŽ͘
“…o abstrato revelouͲƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ ŵŝŵ͕
ƌĞĐĞƉĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ŶĂ ĠƉŽĐĂ ĨŽŝ ƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞĞǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽŵĞ
ĚĞŝĐŽŶƚĂƋƵĞĂƉƵƌĂĨŽƌŵĂͲĐŽƌĞƌĂĐĂƉĂǌ
ĚƷďŝĂ͗ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĂĚŽƌĂƌĂŵ͕ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ
de significar o mundo”
ĐƌŝƚŝĐĂƌĂŵ ĨĞƌƌĞŶŚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĐƌşƚŝĐĂ sŝĐƚŽƌsĂƐĂƌĞůǇ
ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞ ĞŵĚĞƐĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĂƌ Ă ĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ

ĂƌƚĞĞĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͘

15
sĞŐĂͲEŽƌ sŽŶĂů^ƚƌŝ
;sŝĐƚŽƌsĂƐĂƌĞůǇ͕ϭϵϳϱͿ
;sŝĐƚŽƌsĂƐĂƌĞůǇ͕ϭϵϲϵͿ
&ŽůŬůŽƌĞ
<ĞƉůĞ'ĞƐƚĂůƚ
;sŝĐƚŽƌsĂƐĂƌĞůǇ͕ϭϵϲϯͿ
hŵĂŐƌĂŶĚĞĂƌƚŝƐƚĂĚŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ĨŽŝ
ĂƉŝŶƚŽƌĂŝŶŐůĞƐĂƌŝĚŐĞƚZŝůĞǇ͘^ĞƵƐƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƐ
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵƉĂĚƌƁĞƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ Ğŵ ƉƌĞƚŽ Ğ
ďƌĂŶĐŽ͘ůĂƵƚŝůŝǌĂǀĂůŝƐƚƌĂƐ͕ĐƵƌǀĂƐŽŶĚƵůĂĚĂƐ͕
;sŝĐƚŽƌsĂƐĂƌĞůǇ͕ϭϵϲϴͿ
ĚŝƐĐŽƐ ĐŽŶĐġŶƚƌŝĐŽƐ Ğ ƐĠƌŝĞƐ ĚĞ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ ŽƵ
ƋƵĂĚƌĂĚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĐƌŝĂŵ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĚĞ ǀŝďƌĂĕĆŽ͕
ĚŝŶĂŵŝƐŵŽ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƐŽƌŝĞŶƚĂŵ Ă ǀŝƐĆŽ͘ “Para
ŵŝŵ Ă ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ ŶĆŽ Ġ ƉĂŝƐĂŐĞŵ͕ ŵĂƐ Ž
dinamismo das forças visuais”ƌŝĚŐĞƚZŝůĞǇ

16
DŽǀĞŵĞŶƚŝŶ^ƋƵĂƌĞƐ WĂƵƐĞ
;ƌŝĚŐĞƚZŝůĞǇ͕ϭϵϲϭͿ
;ƌŝĚŐĞƚZŝůĞǇ͕ϭϵϲϰͿ
ůĂǌĞ^ƚƵĚǇ
KƵƚƌŽĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽĨŽŝůĞǆĂŶĚĞƌ
ĂůĚĞƌ͕ƉŝŶƚŽƌĞĞƐĐƵůƚŽƌŶŽƌƚĞͲĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽ͕ƋƵĞ
ĨŝĐŽƵĨĂŵŽƐŽƉŽƌƐĞƵƐŵſďŝůĞƐ͘ůĞƐƚƌĂǌŝĂŵƵŵ
ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ƐƵƌƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ ƉĞůŽ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂƐ
ƉůĂĐĂƐŵĞƚĄůŝĐĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͕ĐĂƵƐĂĚŽƉĞůŽĂƌ͘
;ƌŝĚŐĞƚZŝůĞǇ͕ϭϵϲϮͿ
/ŶƚĂŬĞ >ŽďƐƚĞƌdƌĂƉĂŶĚ&ŝƐŚdĂŝů
;ůĞǆĂŶĚĞƌĂůĚĞƌ͕ϭϵϯϵͿ
;ƌŝĚŐĞƚZŝůĞǇ͕ϭϵϲϰͿ

17
ƌĐKĨWĞƚĂůƐ ŽŶĐƌĞĕĆŽϴϰϲϯ
;ůĞǆĂŶĚĞƌĂůĚĞƌ͕ϭϵϰϭͿ ;>Ƶŝǌ^ĂĐŝůŽƚƚŽ͕ϭϵϴϯͿ
EŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ Ž ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ƋƵĞ ĞƐĚĞ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕƁĞƐ ĚŽ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚŽƵĂKƉƌƚĨŽŝŽƉŝŶƚŽƌ͕ĚĞƐĞŶŚŝƐƚĂĞ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵĂƐĞƌǀŝƐƚĂƐĞŵƉĞĕĂƐ
ĞƐĐƵůƚŽƌ>Ƶŝǌ^ĂĐŝůŽƚƚŽ͘ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ͕ ŶŽ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͕

estampando roupas, nas capas de LP’S…
ŽŶĐƌĞĕĆŽϱϵϳϵ EĆŽ ƚĞƌŝĂ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞƌ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ͕ ĂĨŝŶĂů͊
^ƵĂƐ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ͕ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ Ğ ƉĂĚƌƁĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ Ă
“brincadeira” com a perspectiva, com a forma
ĚĞĐĂƉƚĂƌĂĂƚĞŶĕĆŽĚŽĞƐƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌĞĚĞůĞǀĄͲůŽ
ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĂ ŽďƌĂ ĐŽŵ Ž ŽůŚĂƌ͕ ƐĆŽ
;>Ƶŝǌ^ĂĐŝůŽƚƚŽ͕ϭϵϳϵͿ ƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞĨĂŶƚĄƐƚŝĐĂƐ͊
KƉ ƌƚ Ġ͕ ĚĞ ĨĂƚŽ͕ Ƶŵ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂů Ğ
ƚĂŶƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞŵ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂ ĐŽŵ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ
ǀŝƐƵĂů͘ ^ŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĚĞƐĞũĂŵŽƐ ĐƌŝĂƌ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐ͕ ƐĞŶƐĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ĐŚĂŵĂƌ Ă
ĂƚĞŶĕĆŽĚĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĐŽŵƵŵƉƌŽũĞƚŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ͕
ĞŵďĂůĂŐĞŵ͕ĨŽƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĂ͕ĞƚĐ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĨůĂŵĂůĂď͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŽƉͲĂƌƚͬ

18
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϰͲͿ

ǆƉůŽƌĂƌŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŝǀŽƐĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ
ϭ͘ dşƚƵůŽ͗ KDKZ/ZhD/>h^KMd/
ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ƚĂŝƐĐŽŵŽ͗ŽƉŽŶƚŽ͕ĂůŝŶŚĂ͕ĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕Ă
/EZ1s>Ͳ ^>h>Ͳ dZ>,KWZd/K
ĐŽƌ͕ Ž ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ Ž ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ Ă ƚĞǆƚƵƌĂ͕ ŽƐ
^ŝƚĞ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǇŽƵƚƵ͘ďĞͬϭZ<>ϯϮϭĞƐ>ǁ͍ƐŝсsϳYϭͲ
ƉůĂŶŽƐ͕ Ă ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕ Ă ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ Ă
ǌǇEϳͺǁEKĂ
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽ͕ Ž ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ Ğ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ Ă
Ϯ͘ dşƚƵůŽ͗ />h^K MWd/ ϲ h> Zd^
ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ Ğ ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐĂ Ğŵ
WZKD^^͘
ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐĞƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀŽƐ͖
^ŝƚĞ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǇŽƵƚƵ͘ďĞͬĚ,zKͲ
ŐϵĐϴϵƐ͍ƐŝсƚŬŐϴW,tzŬĞKϱƋͺƋd
;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϯͲͿ ZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ Ğ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂƌ Ă
ϯ͘ dşƚƵůŽ͗ hƐĞĞƐƐĞƐǀŝĚĞŽƐĐŽŵŽĞǆĞŵƉůŽƉĂƌĂ ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐ ŵĂƚƌŝǌĞƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ
ĂĞǆĞĐƵĕĆŽĚĂĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͗ƌĂǁϯ,ĂŶĚKƉƚŝĐĂů ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ŶĂƐ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ
/ůůƵƐŝŽŶ;ĞƐĞŶŚŽͲDĆŽϯ/ůƵƐĆŽĚĞſƚŝĐĂͿ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ ůŽĐĂŝƐ͕ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕
^ŝƚĞ͗ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂŝƐ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǇŽƵƚƵ͘ďĞͬƌhǇŐϴŽďŬϬ͍ƐŝсϭYϮǇďKƋyϳĐ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂƐ ĨĂǌĞŵ ĚŽƐ ƐƵũĞŝƚŽƐ͕

ĂƐDŬ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŶĚŽ ƉĂƉĠŝƐ ĚĞ ŐġŶĞƌŽ Ğ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ
ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘ ŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ
ĐƌŝƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŽƐ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ Ğ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ
ƉƌŽĚƵĕƁĞƐ ƐŽĐŝŽĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ ĚĞ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞWƌĄƚŝĐĂ
ƉĞƌşŽĚŽƐĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĚĂĂƌƚĞ͘
ϭ͘ Žŵ Ă ƌĠŐƵĂ Ğ ĐĂŶĞƚĂƐ ŽƵ ůĄƉŝƐ ĚĞ ĐŽƌ͕ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϴͲͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ğ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂƌ ĂƐ
ĚĞƐĞŶŚĞ ůŝŶŚĂƐĨŝŶĂƐĞĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂƐƐŽďƌĞŽƉĂƉĞů͕ ĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ͗ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƉůĄƐƚŝĐŽƐ͕
ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ŐƌĂĚĞ͘ ĂůƚĞƌŶĞ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ Ğ ŝůƵƐƚƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞƌƐ͕ ŐƌĂĨŝƚĞŝƌŽƐ͕ ĂƌƚĞƐĆŽƐ͕
ŵĂŶƚĞŶŚĂĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐƉƌſǆŝŵĂƐƵŵĂƐĚĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐ͘ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ĐƵƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕
ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ
ĞŽƐĞƐƉĂĕŽƐĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘
&ŽƌŵĂƐͲ KƐ&ƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ
dĞŵĂ͗ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐ͗ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ /ŶƚĞƌƐĞĕĆŽĚĞ&ŽƌŵĂƐĞŽƌĞƐ
ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŝǀŽƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͖ ŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ğ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ĐŽƌĞƐ Ġ
WƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͗ DĂƚƌŝǌĞƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͘ ĐƌƵĐŝĂůƉĂƌĂĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌŽŚƵŵŽƌĞĂĂƚŵŽƐĨĞƌĂ
^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ;ƐƉĂĕŽƐĞƚƵĂĕƁĞƐͿĚĂ>ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͗ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ŽďƌĂ ĚĞ ĂƌƚĞ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ
ĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂƐƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘ ĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐ ŽƵ ĂŶĄůŽŐĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ

19
ƵƐĂĚĂƐ ĐŽŵ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĐƌŝĂƌ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐ ůĠŵ ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ƐĆŽ
ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƐĂƐ͘ WŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐŶĂƉƌĄƚŝĐĂĚŽĞƐďŽĕŽĞƐŝŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ
ĐŽŵ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƐƵĂǀĞƐ Ğ ƚĞƌƌŽƐĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ĞǀŽĐĂƌ Ğŵ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘ ůĂƐ ĂũƵĚĂŵ ŽƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ Ă
ƵŵĂƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽĚĞĐĂůŵĂĞŶĂƚƵƌĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌĞŵĞĐĂƉƚƵƌĂƌĂĞƐƐġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐŽďũĞƚŽƐ͕
K ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĂŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŵ ƉĂŝƐĂŐĞŶƐ ŽƵ ĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ ŚƵŵĂŶĂƐ͕ ƐŝŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽͲ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐƉŽĚĞĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌĐĞƌƚĂƐĄƌĞĂƐ ŽƐ Ğŵ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ďĄƐŝĐĂƐ ĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂƌ
ĚĂĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽĨŽĐŽĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞǀŝƐƵĂů͘ ĚĞƚĂůŚĞƐŵĂŝƐĐŽŵƉůĞǆŽƐ͘
Ɛ ŽƌĞƐ ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂƐ Ă ŵ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ ĞĚƵĐĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐƉŽĚĞŵĞǀŽĐĂƌĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐƐĆŽ
ĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐ͘ WŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ǀĞƌŵĞůŚĂƐ Ğ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐƉĂƌĂĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌĂ
ĂŶŐƵůĂƌĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝƌ ƉĂŝǆĆŽ ŽƵ ĂƉƌĞĐŝĂĕĆŽ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂ Ğ Ă ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ
ĂŐƌĞƐƐŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂĞŶƚƌĞŽƐĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ͘
ĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽ ŝŶƚĞůŝŐĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ŶĂ ĂƌƚĞ ŶĆŽ
ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉŽĚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƌ ƵŵĂ ƐŝŵƉůĞƐ ƐĆŽĂƉĞŶĂƐĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂƐƉĂƌĂĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽǀŝƐƵĂů͕
ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ŽďƌĂ ĚĞ ĂƌƚĞ ƌŝĐĂ Ğ ŵĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ Ƶŵ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ Ğ
ĐŽŵƉůĞǆĂ͕ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂŶĚŽ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ Ğ ĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ͕ ŽĨĞƌĞĐĞŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ƉŽŶƚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ă
ĨŽƌŵĂĞĨŝĐĂǌ͘ĂĚĂĞƐĐŽůŚĂĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĞĐŽƌƉĞůŽ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂ Ğ Ă ĂƌƚĞ͕ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŵŽ
ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂĠƵŵĂĚĞĐŝƐĆŽĚĞůŝďĞƌĂĚĂƋƵĞĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝ ĞƐƐĂƐĚƵĂƐĄƌĞĂƐƉŽĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƌũƵŶƚĂƐ͘
ƉĂƌĂĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂǀŝƐƵĂůĚĂŽďƌĂ͘ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƐĆŽ Ƶŵ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽ ĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂů
Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŶĂĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ͕ĂƚƵĂŶĚŽĐŽŵŽďůŽĐŽƐ
ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ ŶĂ ĂƌƚĞ Ğ ŶŽ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ͕ ƐĞƌǀŝŶĚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ
ĐŽŵŽ ďĂƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ Ğ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘ ,Ą ĚŽŝƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ͗
ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐŽďƌĂƐ͘ůĂƐĞƐƚĆŽƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐĞŵƚŽĚŽƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĞŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂƐ͘
ŽƐ ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ ĚĞƐĚĞ ĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ ƐŝŵƉůĞƐ &ŽƌŵĂƐ 'ĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͗ ^ĆŽ ĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ
ĐƌŝĂĕƁĞƐĂƚĠĂƐŵĂŝƐĐŽŵƉůĞǆĂƐ͘ ďĄƐŝĐĂƐ Ğ ĐŽŵƵŶƐ ŶĂ ĂƌƚĞ͘ /ŶĐůƵĞŵ ĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ
EĂĂƌƚĞ͕ĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐƉŽĚĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĐşƌĐƵůŽƐ͕ ƋƵĂĚƌĂĚŽƐ͕ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ Ğ
ƐĞƌ ƵƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĐƌŝĂƌ Ƶŵ ƐĞŶƐŽ ĚĞ ŽƌĚĞŵ͕ ƌĞƚąŶŐƵůŽƐ͘ ƐƚĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĚĂƐ
ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ͕ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĂůĠŵ ƉŽƌ ƐƵĂƐ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĐůĂƌĂƐ Ğ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƐ͕ Ğ ąŶŐƵůŽƐ
ĚĞ ĂũƵĚĂƌ Ă ĚŝƌĞĐŝŽŶĂƌ Ž ŽůŚĂƌ ĚŽ ĞƐƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌ ĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽƐ͘ ůĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐ
ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐ ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽƐ ĚĂ ŽďƌĂ͘ ƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂĐƌŝĂƌƵŵĂƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽĚĞ ŽƌĚĞŵĞƐŝŵĞƚƌŝĂ
ĐŽŵŽ dĂƌƐŝůĂ ĚŽ ŵĂƌĂů͕ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ŶĂƐĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͘
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌĂŵĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ &ŽƌŵĂƐ KƌŐąŶŝĐĂƐ͗ ƐƚĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƐĆŽ
ƉĂƌĂĐƌŝĂƌĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐƷŶŝĐĂƐĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂƐ͘ ŝŶƐƉŝƌĂĚĂƐ ŶĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ Ğ ƚĞŶĚĞŵ Ă ƐĞƌ ŵĂŝƐ

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ĐŽŵƉůĞǆĂƐĞŵĞŶŽƐƌĞŐƵůĂƌĞƐĚŽƋƵĞĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽZĂĚŝĂů͗&ŽƌŵĂƐƋƵĞŝƌƌĂĚŝĂŵ
ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͘ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂŵͲƐĞƉŽƌůŝŶŚĂƐĐƵƌǀĂƐ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĐĞŶƚƌĂů ĐƌŝĂŵ ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ ƌĂĚŝĂů͕
Ğ ĨůƵŝĚĂƐ͕ Ğ ƐĆŽ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƵƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŵƵŵĞŵŵĂŶĚĂůĂƐĞĂůŐƵŵĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞĂƌƚĞ
ĞǀŽĐĂƌ Ƶŵ ƐĞŶƐŽ ĚĞ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĨůŽƌĂů͘
ŶĂƚƵƌĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ
ǀĂƌŝĂƌ ŵƵŝƚŽ Ğŵ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞǆŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ƐĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐŶĂĂƌƚĞ
ĚĞƚĂůŚĞ͘ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ŵďŽƐŽƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƐƐĆŽĐƌƵĐŝĂŝƐ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶŽŶŽƐƐŽĚŝĂĂĚŝĂ͘^ĞũĂŶŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ
ŶĂ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĞƋƵŝůŝďƌĂĚĂ Ğ ĞƐĐŽůĂƌ͕ŶĂƌƵĂŽƵĞŵĐĂƐĂ͕ĠĐŽŵƵŵǀĞƌŵŽƐ
ǀŝƐƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞĂƚƌĂĞŶƚĞ͘ĞƐĐŽůŚĂĞŶƚƌĞĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŽďũĞƚŽƐŽƵĨŝŐƵƌĂƐƋƵĞĂƐƌĞŵĞƚĞŵ͘ŵŵƵŝƚĂƐ
ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ğ ŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂƐ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞ ĚŽ ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ŽďƌĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƌƚĞ ƚĂŵďĠŵ Ġ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ
ƋƵĞŽĂƌƚŝƐƚĂĚĞƐĞũĂƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝƌ͘ĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ƉĂĚƌƁĞƐ Ğ ĞƐƚŝůŽƐ Ğŵ ĨŽƌŵĂƚŽƐ ĚĞ
ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ĚŽŝƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƉŽĚĞ ĐƌŝĂƌ Ƶŵ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͘ ĐŽŵƵŵ ŽƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ
ĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞ Ğ ĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌĞŵ Ă ŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ ĐŽŵŽ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ĂƵǆşůŝŽ
ŽďƌĂĚĞĂƌƚĞ͕ĞŶƌŝƋƵĞĐĞŶĚŽĂĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĞĂ ƉĂƌĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕƁĞƐ͕ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐĞĞŶĐĂŝǆĞƐŶĂƐ
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂǀŝƐƵĂů͘ ŽďƌĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƌƚĞ͘ KƵƚƌŽƐ ĨĂǌĞŵ ƉƌĞǀĂůĞĐĞƌ Ğŵ
ƐƵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ġ Ž
ƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂƐ&ŽƌŵĂƐ ĐĂƐŽ ĚŽƐ ƉŝŶƚŽƌĞƐ ĐƵďŝƐƚĂƐ͕ ĨƵƚƵƌŝƐƚĂƐ Ğ
K ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ŽďƌĂ ĚĞ ĂƌƚĞ Ġ ƐƵƌƌĞĂůŝƐƚĂƐ͘
ĂůĐĂŶĕĂĚŽ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂ
ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ƐĞ ƐĞŶƚĞŵ ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƐŽƐ Ğ
ĞƐƚĄǀĞŝƐ͘ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƵƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĐƌŝĂƌĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽĚĞǀĄƌŝĂƐŵĂŶĞŝƌĂƐ͗
ƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ ^ŝŵĠƚƌŝĐŽ͗ K ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ
ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ƌĞƉĞƚŝĚĂƐ Ğŵ ĂŵďŽƐ ŽƐ ůĂĚŽƐĚĞ
Ƶŵ ĞŝǆŽ ĐĞŶƚƌĂů ĐƌŝĂ Ƶŵ ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ ƐŝŵĠƚƌŝĐŽ͕
ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝŶĚŽĞƐƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĞŽƌĚĞŵ͘
ƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽƐƐŝŵĠƚƌŝĐŽ͗ƋƵŝ͕ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ƐĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĞŵƚŽĚŽůƵŐĂƌ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƵƐĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ Ă ĐƌŝĂƌ Ƶŵ
ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ ǀŝƐƵĂů ƐĞŵ ƐŝŵĞƚƌŝĂ͘ /ƐƐŽ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ^ĞŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌŵŽƐĂŽŶŽƐƐŽƌĞĚŽƌ͕ǀĂŵŽƐ
ĂůĐĂŶĕĂĚŽ͕ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƉŽŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌƋƵĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐƚġŵƵŵĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕
ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂ ĐŽŵ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ ůŝŐĂĚĂƐ ă ƐƵĂ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ͘
ŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂƐŵĞŶŽƌĞƐ͘ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂ ĚŽƐ ŽďũĞƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŶŽƐ ĐĞƌĐĂŵ ƐĆŽ

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ƉƌŽũĞƚĂĚŽƐĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĞĨŝŐƵƌĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͘WŽƌ ƌƚĞ'ĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂŶŽƌĂƐŝů
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ƵŵĂůĂƚĂĚĞĞƌǀŝůŚĂƚĞŵĂĨŽƌŵĂĚĞ EĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚĂ ĂƌƚĞ Ğŵ ŶŽƐƐŽ ƉĂşƐ͕
ĐŝůŝŶĚƌŽŽƵ͕ĂŝŶĚĂ͕ĂĨŽƌŵĂĚĞƵŵƌĞƚąŶŐƵůŽ͘ ƚĞŵŽƐ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌĂŵ ĂƐ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĐŽŵŽĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĞŵƐƵĂƐ
ŽďƌĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ dĂƌƐŝůĂ ĚŽ ŵĂƌĂů͘ dĂƌƐŝůĂ
ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉŽƵ ĂƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĚĂ ƌĞŶŽǀĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĂƌƚĞ
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ ƋƵĞ ŽĐŽƌƌĞƵ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϵϮϬ͕
ƌƚĞƵďŝƐƚĂ ƋƵĂŶĚŽĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵĂ^ĞŵĂŶĂĚĞƌƚĞDŽĚĞƌŶĂ͘
ĂƌƚĞƐĞƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĐŽŵŽƉĂƐƐĂƌĚŽƐ ŽƌĞƚŽƌŶĂƌƉĂƌĂŽƌĂƐŝů͕ĂƉſƐƵŵĂƚĞŵƉŽƌĂĚĂ
ƚĞŵƉŽƐ͘ ĂĚĂ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ǀġ Ğ ƐĞŶƚĞ ĞƐƐĂ ŶĂƵƌŽƉĂ͕dĂƌƐŝůĂĚŽŵĂƌĂůƌĞĂůŝǌŽƵĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ Ă ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂ ŽďƌĂƐ ĐŽŵ ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ ĐƵďŝƐƚĂ͕ ĐŽŵ ƚĞŶĚġŶĐŝĂ
Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ͘ ƌƚĞ ƵďŝƐƚĂ ƌŽŵƉĞƵ ĐŽŵ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂĞŵƐƵĂƐŽďƌĂƐ͘

ƚƵĚŽ Ž ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĂ ĚĞ ĂƌƚĞ ĂƚĠ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕
ŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ
ĚĂŶĚŽ ůƵŐĂƌ Ă ƵŵĂ ŶŽǀĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ
WĂŝƐĂŐĞŶƐ͕ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ŽƵ ŽďũĞƚŽƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͘ K ĐƵďŝƐŵŽ ĨŽŝ Ƶŵ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ƐĞƌƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐĞŵĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐŶĂ
ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽƋƵĞƐƵƌŐŝƵŶĂ&ƌĂŶĕĂŶŽƐĠĐƵůŽyyƋƵĞ
ĂƌƚĞ Ğ ƐĞƌĞŵ ǀŝƐƚĂƐ ĚĞ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ąŶŐƵůŽƐ ĂŽ
ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂǀĂ ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ
ŵĞƐŵŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ ĂƌƚĞ ĐƵďŝƐƚĂ ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝƵ ƵŵĂ
ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͘ K ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ƋƵĞ ŝŶŝĐŝŽƵ ĞƐƐĞ
ŶŽǀĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͘ >ŽŐŽ͕ ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĨŽŝŽĨĂŵŽƐŽƉŝŶƚŽƌĞƐƉĂŶŚŽůWĂďůŽ
ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ Ğŵ ŶŽƐƐŽ
WŝĐĂƐƐŽ Ğŵ ϭϵϬϳ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĞ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ
ĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽ͕ Ğŵ ŶŽƐƐŽƐ ŽďũĞƚŽƐ͕ ŶĂƐ ĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂƐ
ĐƵďŝƐƚĂƐ Ğ ƉĞƌĐĞďĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞƐƐĞ
ĚĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͕ĐŽŵŽĂDĂƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂĞƚĂŵďĠŵŶĂƐ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽ͘
ŽďƌĂƐĚĞĂƌƚĞ͘dĞǆƚŽ͗dƵĚŽ^ĂůĂĚĞƵůĂ͕ϮϬϮϭ͘
ϭ͘^ŽďƌĞ ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ ŶĂ ĂƌƚĞ͕

ŵĂƌƋƵĞ Ă ŽƉĕĆŽ KZZd͗
;Ϳ KƐ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ ŶĂ ĂƌƚĞ ŶĆŽ
ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂŵŶĂŵĞŶƐĂŐĞŵƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝĚĂ͘
;Ϳ KƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵ ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ
ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĞŶƐŝŶĂƌ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂ
ĂŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐ͘

22
;Ϳ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ġ Ă ƷŶŝĐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

ĚĞƐĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌŶƵŵĂŽďƌĂĚĞĂƌƚĞ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
;Ϳ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐŶĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ĠƵŵĂ ϲ͘YƵĞŵĨŽŝŽĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞůƉĞůĂĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ

ĨŽƌŵĂĚĞŽĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐĞĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂƌ͘ ĚĂĂƌƚĞĐƵďŝƐƚĂŶŽŵƵŶĚŽ͍
Ϯ͘KŶĚĞĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĞŶĐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŽŶƚƌĂĚĂƐŶĂƐƵĂǀŝĚĂĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶĂ͍:ƵƐƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĂ
ƐƵĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͘ ϳ͘YƵĂů Ă ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ ĚĂ ĂƌƚĞ
ĐƵďŝƐƚĂ͍
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ϴ͘KďƐĞƌǀĞĂŽďƌĂĚĞĂƌƚĞĂďĂŝǆŽĞĞƐĐƌĞǀĂƋƵĂ
ŝƐĨŝŐƵƌĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚĂƐ
ϯ͘ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂ ĚŽƐ ŽďũĞƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŶŽƐ ĐĞƌĐĂŵ ƐĆŽ
ŶĂĨŝŐƵƌĂ͘
ƉƌŽũĞƚĂĚŽƐ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞ ĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͘
/ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ Ă ĨŝŐƵƌĂ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂ ĚĂƐ ĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĂďĂŝǆŽ͗ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚƵĚŽƐĂůĂĚĞĂƵůĂ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϮϭͬϬϰͬĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞͲ
ĂƌƚĞͲĨŽƌŵĂƐͲŐĞŽŵĂƚƌŝĐĂƐͲĂƌƚŝƐŝƚŝĐĂͲĂŶŽƐͲĨŝŶĂŝƐ͘Śƚŵů
^ŽďƌĞĂĂƌƚĞ͕ĠKZZdĂŽƉĕĆŽ͗
;Ϳ ĂƌƚĞ Ġ ĂůŐŽĞƐƚĄǀĞůƋƵĞƐĞŐƵĞ ĚŝƌĞƚƌŝǌĞƐ ϵ͘ &ĂĕĂ Ƶŵ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŶĚŽ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ŶŽ

ĚŽƐĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐƌĞŶŽŵĂĚŽƐ͘
;Ϳ KŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽĠůŝǀƌĞĚĞĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ ĞƐƚŝůŽĚĞĂƌƚĞĐƵďŝƐƚĂ͘
ĞĚĞƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐƉƌſƉƌŝŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ƵŵĂ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂ
ǀŝƐƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞĞƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐ͘
;Ϳ ^ſĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌĂĂƌƚĞĞŵůƵŐĂƌĞƐ
ůƵǆƵŽƐŽƐŽƵĞŵŝŐƌĞũĂƐ͘
ϱ͘ KƋƵĞĨŽŝŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĐƵďŝƐƚĂ͍ǆƉůŝƋƵĞ͘

23
;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϴͲͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ğ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂƌ ĂƐ

ĐĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ͗ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƉůĄƐƚŝĐŽƐ͕
ŝůƵƐƚƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞƌƐ͕ ŐƌĂĨŝƚĞŝƌŽƐ͕ ĂƌƚĞƐĆŽƐ͕
dĞŵĂ͗ DĂƚĞƌŝĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ Ğ /ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ĐƵƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕
&ŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ͘ ^ŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ
;ƐƉĂĕŽƐ Ğ ƚƵĂĕƁĞƐͿ ĚĂ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͗ ĞŽƐĞƐƉĂĕŽƐĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘
ĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂƐ ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ğ WƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϭͲͿ ƉŽŶƚĂƌ͕ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ͕
&ŽƌŵĂƐĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĐƌŝƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐ
ĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌąŶĞĂƐ͖>ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ
ĞŵŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽĐŽŵĂƐůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐĂƵĚŝŽǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘ ĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌąŶĞĂƐ͕ůŽĐĂŝƐ͕ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞ
WƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐĚĞĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ͗^ĞŶƚŝĚŽƐWůƵƌĂŝƐ͖ZĞůĂĕĆŽ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂŝƐ͕ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ Ă ƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ͕ Ž
ĚŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐĚĞ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ Ğ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĂƵƚŽƌĂů͕ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĄƌŝŽ͕ Ž ƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĐƌşƚŝĐŽ͕ Ă
ĂƵƚƀŶŽŵĂ Ğ ĐŽůĂďŽƌĂƚŝǀĂ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽ͕ Ă ĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƐŝŵďŽůŝǌĂƌ Ğ
ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͘ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂƌ Ž ƌĞƉĞƌƚſƌŝŽ ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐŽ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů Ğ ĚŽ

ĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽ͘
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϱͲͿ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϲͲͿ ĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ ĚĞ
ŝƐƚŝŶŐƵŝƌ͕ĞǆƉůŽƌĂƌ͕ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĞĞŵƉƌĞŐĂƌ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ĐŽŵ ďĂƐĞ Ğŵ ƚĞŵĂƐ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ͕ ĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽƐŽƵĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽƐĚĞŵŽĚŽ
ďŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĂƵƚŽƌĂů͕ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ͕
ƚĂŝƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƐ͗ ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂƐ͕ ŐƌĂǀƵƌĂƐ͕ ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕
ĐŽůĂŐĞŶƐ͕ ,Y͕ ǌŝŶĞƐ͕ ŵĞŵĞƐ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌǀĞŶĕƁĞƐ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀŽƐĞĚŝŐŝƚĂŝƐ͕ĚŝĂůŽŐĂŶĚŽƐŽďƌĞĂŽďƌĂ
ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ĚŽďƌĂĚƵƌĂƐ͕ ĞƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ͕ ĚĞ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ͕
ŵŽĚĞůĂŐĞŶƐ͕ ŝŶƐƚĂůĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ǀşĚĞŽƐ͕ ĨŽƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĂƐ͕ ƌĞƐƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ ƐƵĂƉƌſƉƌŝĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ
ƉĞƌĨŽƌŵĂŶĐĞƐ͕ ŐƌĂĨŝƚĞ͕ ƚĞĐĞůĂŐĞŶƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĞĂƐĚŽƐĐŽůĞŐĂƐ͕ƉĂƌĂĂůĐĂŶĕĂƌƐĞŶƚŝĚŽƐƉůƵƌĂŝƐ͕
ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂƐ͘ &ĂǌĞƌ ƵƐŽ ďĞŵĐŽŵŽĂŵƉůŝĂƌƐĞƵƌĞƉĞƌƚſƌŝŽŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐŽĞ
ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞů ĚĞ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ͕ ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ŝŶǀĞŶƚŝǀŽ͕ ĚĂŶĚŽ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ ĂŽƐ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ
ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ͕ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ŶĆŽ ĂĨĞƚŝǀŽƐĞƐŽĐŝĂŝƐĚĞŵŽĚŽŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů͕ĐŽůĞƚŝǀŽ
ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚĞƐ ĞĐŽůĂďŽƌĂƚŝǀŽ͘
ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĂŵƉůŝĂƌ ĂƐ ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂƐ

ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞƵ ƌĞƉĞƌƚſƌŝŽ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ
ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐŽ͕ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐŽ Ğ ƐĞŶƐşǀĞů ŶĂƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĕƁĞƐ ƐůŝŶŚĂƐ
ĞŵĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ͘ ƐůŝŶŚĂƐŶĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐƐĆŽĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐĞ
ǀĞƌƐĄƚĞŝƐ͕ ƐĞƌǀŝŶĚŽ ĐŽŵŽ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ

24
ŵĂŝƐ ďĄƐŝĐŽƐ ĚĂ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ͘ ůĂƐ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ƉŽĚĞŵ ĞǀŽĐĂƌ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĞ
ĚĞƐĞŵƉĞŶŚĂŵ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ ƉĂƉĠŝƐ͕ ĚĞƐĚĞ ĚĞĨŝŶŝƌ ƌĂŝǀĂĞĨŽƌĕĂ͘
ĐŽŶƚŽƌŶŽƐ ĂƚĠ ĐƌŝĂƌ ƚĞǆƚƵƌĂƐ Ğ ĚŝƌĞĐŝŽŶĂƌ Ă >ŝŶŚĂƐĚŝĂŐŽŶĂŝƐ͕ǀŝďƌĂŶƚĞƐĞĐŽŶĨƵƐĂƐ͕
ĂƚĞŶĕĆŽĚŽĞƐƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌ͘ Ğŵ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐ ďŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ŝŶĚŝĐĂŵ
ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞĞĐƌŝĂŵĂŝůƵƐĆŽĚĞƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͘
>ŝŶŚĂƐ ĐƵƌǀĂƐ Ğ ĞƐƉŝƌĂŝƐ ĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂŵ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĨůƵŝĚĞǌ͕ ĞǀŽĐĂŶĚŽ ƐĞŶƐĂĕƁĞƐ
ŽŶşƌŝĐĂƐ͘ >ŝŶŚĂƐ ƐŝŶƵŽƐĂƐ͕ ƐĞŶƐƵĂŝƐ Ğ ƐƵĂǀĞƐ͕
ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ƶŵ
ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞĚĞƐŽŶŚŽ͘
ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞŵŽƐŽƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĚĞsĂŶ'ŽŐŚ͕
“As linhas podem ser usadas literalmente, como na Ž ƌĞŶŽŵĂĚŽ ƉŝŶƚŽƌ ŚŽůĂŶĚġƐ ƉſƐͲ
ƚĞĐĞůĂŐĞŵ͕ŶŽƐďŽƌĚĂĚŽƐŽƵĂƚĠŵĞƐŵŽĞŵĞƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ
de arame.” ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ ͗ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂ͘ ŵ ΗĂŵƉŽ ĚĞ dƌŝŐŽ Ğ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂƉƉƉƵďůŝĐŽ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽͺƌŝďĞŝƌĂŽĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞͬ
ƉĚĨͬϮϬϮϬϬϲϬϲϬϲϯϭϮϴͺƌƚĞйϮϬͲйϮϬϲйϮϬĂŶŽйϮϬͲ
ŝƉƌĞƐƚĞƐΗ ;ϭϴϴϵͿ͕ ĞůĞ ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĐƵƌǀĂƐ
йϮϬϮϲйϮϬĂйϮϬϮϵйϮϬĚĞйϮϬŵĂŝŽйϮϬ;ϭͿ͘ƉĚĨ ƉĂƌĂĐĂƉƚƵƌĂƌĂƚĞǆƚƵƌĂĚŽĐĂŵƉŽĚĞƚƌŝŐŽ͕ĚĂƐ
>ŝŶŚĂƐƐĆŽĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐǀĞƌƐĄƚĞŝƐŶĂĂƌƚĞ͕ ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ͕ ĚĂƐ ŵŽŶƚĂŶŚĂƐ Ğ ĚĂƐ ŶƵǀĞŶƐ͕
ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂŶĚŽͲƐĞĚĞŵĂŶĞŝƌĂůŝƚĞƌĂůĞŵĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝŶĚŽƵŵĂǀŝǀĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĞ
ĐŽŵŽ ƚĞĐĞůĂŐĞŵ͕ ďŽƌĚĂĚŽƐ͕ Ğ ĂƚĠ Ğŵ ƋƵĂƐĞƵŵĂƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽĂůƵĐŝŶĂƚſƌŝĂ͘
ĞƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƌĂŵĞ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽ Ž ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽǀŝƚĂůŶĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ĂůŝŶŚĂĞŵĞƌŐĞ
ĚŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƵŵƉŽŶƚŽŽƵĚĂƐƵĐĞƐƐĆŽĚĞ
ŝŶĨŝŶŝƚŽƐ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ͘ Ă ƚƌĂũĞƚſƌŝĂ ƋƵĞ Ƶŵ ƉŽŶƚŽ
ĚĞŝǆĂĂŽƐĞŵŽǀĞƌƐŽďƌĞƵŵĂƐƵƉĞƌĨşĐŝĞ͘
ůŝŶŚĂƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƵŵĂƐĠƌŝĞĚĞƉŽŶƚŽƐ
ĞŵŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘KĞŶĐŽŶƚƌŽĚĞĚƵĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐĐƌŝĂ
ƵŵƉůĂŶŽ͘
ƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐ͕ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂŵŽƐŝĚĞŝĂƐ͕
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ŵŽůĚĂŵŽƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉƚ͘ŵ͘ǁŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͘ŽƌŐͬǁŝŬŝͬ&ŝĐŚĞŝƌŽ͗tŚĞĂƚͲ&ŝĞůĚͲ
ǁŝƚŚͲǇƉƌĞƐƐĞƐͲйϮϴϭϴϴϵйϮϵͲsŝŶĐĞŶƚͲǀĂŶͲ'ŽŐŚͲ
Ğ ƌĞǀĞůĂŵŽƐ ŶŽƐƐĂ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ͘
DĞƚ͘ũƉŐ
sĞũĂŵŽƐĂůŐƵŶƐĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
Ɛ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĆŽ ƉŽĚĞƌŽƐĂƐ ŶĂ
>ŝŶŚĂƐ ƋƵĞďƌĂĚĂƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ĨŽŐĞŵ ĚĂ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ƐĞŶƐĂĕƁĞƐ͘ WŽƌ
ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ŽƵ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ƐƵŐĞƌĞŵ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĂŝƐ Ğ ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ
ƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĞƐƚĄǀĞŝƐ Ğ ƐĞŐƵƌĂƐ͘ WŝĞƚ

25
DŽŶĚƌŝĂŶ͕ ƉŝŶƚŽƌ ŚŽůĂŶĚġƐ Ğ ƉŝŽŶĞŝƌŽ ĚŽ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ Ă ůŝŶŚĂ ƋƵĞĚĞůŝŶĞŝĂ ĂĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĞ^ƚŝũůĚĂƌƚĞDŽĚĞƌŶĂ͕ƵƚŝůŝǌŽƵ ƌŽƐƚŽĞŵƵŵƌĞƚƌĂƚŽ͘
ůŝŶŚĂƐƌĞƚĂƐŶĞŐƌĂƐ͕ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĂŝƐĞǀĞƌƚŝĐĂŝƐ͕ƉĂƌĂ
ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝƌƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂ͕ĞƐƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĞƐŽůŝĚĞǌ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉƚ͘ŵ͘ǁŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͘ŽƌŐͬǁŝŬŝͬ&ŝĐŚĞŝƌŽ͗ŽŶƚŽƌŶŽͺĚŽͺ
ŵĂƉĂͺĚŽͺƌĂƐŝů͘ƐǀŐ
>ŝŶŚĂƐ ĚĞ DŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ƌŝĂŵ Ă ŝůƵƐĆŽ

ĚĞŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽŽƵĚŝƌĞĕĆŽ͘WŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ůŝŶŚĂƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ dĂďůĞĂƵ / ŽďƌĂ ĚĞ WŝĞƚ DŽŶĚƌŝĂŶ
ĚĂƚĂ ϭϵϮϭ͘ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǁŝŬŝĂƌƚ͘ŽƌŐͬĞŶͬƉŝĞƚͲ ŽŶĚƵůĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ƉŝŶƚƵƌĂ ĚĞ sĂŶ 'ŽŐŚ ƋƵĞ
ŵŽŶĚƌŝĂŶͬƚĂďůĞĂƵͲŝͲϭϵϮϭ
ƐƵŐĞƌĞŵŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŽǀĞŶƚŽ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌ͘ĨƌĞĞƉŝŬ͘ĐŽŵͬǀĞƚŽƌĞƐͲ

ƉƌĞŵŝƵŵͬĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽͲĚĞͲĞĨĞŝƚŽƐͲĚĞͲůŝŶŚĂƐͲĚĞͲǀĞůŽĐŝĚĂĚĞͲ
ĚĞͲŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽͲƌĂĚŝĂůͲĚĞͲŵĂŶŐĂͺϭϱϴϱϲϲϵϲ͘Śƚŵ
KďƌĂ͗ ŽŵƉŽƐŝƚŝŽŶ EŽ͘ϭϬWŝĞƚDŽŶĚƌŝĂŶĚĂƚĂϭϵϯϵ >ŝŶŚĂƐĚĞdĞǆƚƵƌĂ͗hƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐƉĂƌĂĐƌŝĂƌ

– ϭϵϰϮ͘ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǁŝŬŝĂƌƚ͘ŽƌŐͬĞŶͬƉŝĞƚͲ
ŵŽŶĚƌŝĂŶͬĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƚŝŽŶͲŶŽͲϭϬͲϭϵϰϮ͘ ĂŝůƵƐĆŽĚĞƚĞǆƚƵƌĂ͘>ŝŶŚĂƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĂƐƉƌſǆŝŵĂƐ
ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐƵŐĞƌŝƌ ƵŵĂ ƐƵƉĞƌĨşĐŝĞ ĄƐƉĞƌĂ͕
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞ>ŝŶŚĂƐŶĂƐƌƚĞƐsŝƐƵĂŝƐ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽůŝŶŚĂƐŵĂŝƐƐƵĂǀĞƐĞĨůƵŝĚĂƐƉŽĚĞŵ
ŝŶĚŝĐĂƌƵŵĂƐƵƉĞƌĨşĐŝĞůŝƐĂ͘
>ŝŶŚĂƐ ŽŶƚŽƌŶĂĚĂƐ͗ hƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚĞĨŝŶŝƌ ĂƐ ďŽƌĚĂƐ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ͘ WŽƌ

26
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌ͘ĨƌĞĞƉŝŬ͘ĐŽŵͬǀĞƚŽƌĞƐͲ
ŐƌĂƚŝƐͬĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽͲĚĞͲƌĂďŝƐĐŽƐͲĨŝŶŽƐͲĂǌƵŝƐͲ
ĞƐĐƵƌŽƐͺϰϵϲϭϬϮϲϱ͘ŚƚŵηƋƵĞƌǇсůŝŶŚĂƐйϮϬĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂƐΘ
ƉŽƐŝƚŝŽŶсϭϬΘĨƌŽŵͺǀŝĞǁсŬĞǇǁŽƌĚΘƚƌĂĐŬсĂŝƐΘƵƵŝĚсĂĚ
ϱϱϴĐĐĞͲϬϭĨĐͲϰϰϴĨͲϴϴĂϮͲĞϯϬϳϮĞϳϮϬϮϮϳ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌ͘ƉŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚ͘ĐŽŵͬƉŝŶͬϰϬϭϭϳϮϮϳϵϯϭϴϱϬϰϴϴϮͬ dĠĐŶŝĐĂƐĚĞ>ŝŶŚĂƐ
>ŝŶŚĂƐ ĚĞ WĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͗ hƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ,ĂĐŚƵƌĂ Ğ ƌƵǌͲ,ĂĐŚƵƌĂ͗ ŽŶƐŝƐƚĞ Ğŵ
ĐƌŝĂƌ Ă ŝůƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ĚŝƐƚąŶĐŝĂ͕ ĐƌŝĂƌ ƐŽŵďƌĞĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƵƐĂŶĚŽ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂůĞůĂƐ
ĐŽŵŽĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐƋƵĞĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŵĞŵƵŵƉŽŶƚŽ ŽƵ ĐƌƵǌĂĚĂƐ͘ ƵŵĂ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌ Ğŵ
ĚĞĨƵŐĂŶƵŵĂƉĂŝƐĂŐĞŵ͘ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƐĂůĄƉŝƐŽƵƚŝŶƚĂ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚĞƐĞŶŚŽͲ

ĐůĂƐƐŝĐŽ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϭϱͬϭϬͬĂͲƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͘Śƚŵů
>ŝŶŚĂƐ ǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂƐ͗ dƌĂŶƐŵŝƚĞŵ

ĞŵŽĕĆŽ ŽƵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ŐƌŽƐƐĂƐ Ğ
ƌĄƉŝĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝƌ ƵƌŐġŶĐŝĂ ŽƵ
ĂŐŝƚĂĕĆŽ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚ͘ĂƚͬƉŝŶͬϳϯϱϮϴϯϬϳϲϲϯϲϲϳϱϬϭϱͬ

27
>ŝŶŚĂƐYƵĞďƌĂĚĂƐ͗^ĆŽůŝŶŚĂƐŶĆŽ ŶĂƐĂƌƚĞƐ͘EĂƐƵĂĨŽƌŵĂŵĂŝƐƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͕ĠĂƉĞŶĂƐ
ĐŽŶƚşŶƵĂƐƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵĐƌŝĂƌƵŵĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĞ ƵŵĂ ƉĞƋƵĞŶĂ ŵĂƌĐĂ͕ ŵĂƐ ƐƵĂ ĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ Ğ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽŽƵƚĞǆƚƵƌĂ͘ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ŝŶĐƌŝǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞ
ǀĂƌŝĂĚĂƐĞĐŽŵƉůĞǆĂƐĞŵĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽƐ͘
hŵƉŽŶƚŽƉŽĚĞƐĞƌǀŝƐƚŽĐŽŵŽŽŝŶşĐŝŽŽƵŽĨŝŵ
ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ůŝŶŚĂ͕ Ğ Ġ Ă ƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ ŵĂŝƐ ďĄƐŝĐĂ ŶĂ
ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ƉĂĚƌƁĞƐ͘ EĂ ĂƌƚĞ͕ ĐĂĚĂ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ĐŚƌŽŵĞͲ
ĞǆƚĞŶƐŝŽŶ͗ͬͬŵŚŶůĂŬŐŝůŶŽũŵŚŝŶŚŬĐŬũƉŶĐƉďŚĂďƉŚŝͬƉĂŐĞƐ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĐĂƌƌĞŐĂ Ƶŵ ƉĞƐŽ ǀŝƐƵĂů͕ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝŶĚŽ
ͬƉĚĨͬǁĞďͬǀŝĞǁĞƌ͘Śƚŵů͍ĨŝůĞсŚƚƚƉƐйϯйϮ&йϮ&ĞƌǀĂůǀĞůŚ
Ž͘ƐĐ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌйϮ&ƵƉůŽĂĚƐйϮ&ƐŝƚĞƐйϮ&ϯϴϵйϮ&ϮϬϮϭйϮ&ϭϮ ƉĂƌĂĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽŐĞƌĂůĚĞƵŵĂŽďƌĂ͘hŵĂ
йϮ&ϮϬϴϰϱϮϳͺW>E:DEdKͺZdͺͺͺͺϰͺEKͺ>E/
dͺͺͺϮϰϬϯ͘ƉĚĨ ĚĂƐ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵ Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ Ġ Ž ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͕ ŽŶĚĞ
ƉĞƋƵĞŶŽƐ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ ĐŽůŽƌŝĚŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĂƉůŝĐĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ
sĂƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƐƉĞƐƐƵƌĂ͗ ůƚĞƌĂƌ Ă ĨŽƌŵĂ Ă ĐƌŝĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂ͘ ƐƚĂ
ĞƐƉĞƐƐƵƌĂĚĂ ůŝŶŚĂ ƉŽĚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝƌ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĂĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞĐƌŝĂƌ
ƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͖ůŝŶŚĂƐŵĂŝƐŐƌŽƐƐĂƐƉŽĚĞŵŝŶĚŝĐĂƌ ĐŽŵƉůĞǆŝĚĂĚĞǀŝƐƵĂůĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂƐŝŵƉůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĨŽƌĕĂ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĨŝŶĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ WŽŶƚŽŶĂŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͗EĂĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ
ƉĂƌĞĐĞƌŵĂŝƐĚĞůŝĐĂĚĂƐ͘ ǀŝƐƵĂů͕ Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚŝƌĞĐŝŽŶĂƌŽŽůŚĂƌĚŽŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͕ĐƌŝĂƌƉĂĚƌƁĞƐ
ŽƵŵĞƐŵŽƉĂƌĂĞǀŽĐĂƌĞŵŽĕƁĞƐĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐ͘
ƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ Ğ Ž ƚĂŵĂŶŚŽ ĚŽƐ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĞ
ƵŵĂ ŽďƌĂ ƉŽĚĞŵ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂƌ
ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽĚŽĞƐƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌ͘
WŽŶƚŽ Ğ ƐƉĂĕŽ͗ K ĞƐƉĂĕŽ ŽĐƵƉĂĚŽ Ğ
ĐƌŝĂĚŽĞŵƚŽƌŶŽĚĞƵŵƉŽŶƚŽĠŽƵƚƌŽĂƐƉĞĐƚŽ
ĐƌƵĐŝĂů͘KƉŽŶƚŽĚĞĨŝŶĞƵŵůŽĐĂůĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽŶŽ
ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ Ğ Ă ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ ƉŽĚĞ ĐƌŝĂƌ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌ͘ĨƌĞĞƉŝŬ͘ĐŽŵͬǀĞƚŽƌĞƐͲ
ŐƌĂƚŝƐͬƉŝŶĐĞŝƐͲĨŝŶŽƐͲ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŽƵ ĞƐƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽ ĚĞ
ĞŵďĂůĂƌͺϴϰϵϮϵϴ͘ŚƚŵηƋƵĞƌǇсůŝŶŚĂΘƉŽƐŝƚŝŽŶсϯΘĨƌŽŵͺ
ǀŝĞǁсƐĞĂƌĐŚΘƚƌĂĐŬсƐƉŚΘƵƵŝĚсϰϴϳϴϮϳϮϱͲϲĞϵĞͲϰĨϱĨͲ ĐŽŵŽƐĆŽŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĚŽƐ͘
ďĚϲϴͲϯϴϱĨϯϳĨϵϴϴĨĞ
KƉŽŶƚŽ
ŽĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽŵĂŝƐďĄƐŝĐŽĚĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ
ǀŝƐƵĂů Ğ ĚĞƐĞŵƉĞŶŚĂ Ƶŵ ƉĂƉĞů ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů

28
YƵĂŶƚŽăƵƚŝůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͗
ŵƐĞƵƐƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƐ͕ǀŽĐġƉŽĚĞƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌŽ
ƉŽŶƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ͘ WŽƌ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͗
ϭͲŽŶƚŽƌŶĂƌ͗ĠƉŽŶƚŝůŚĂƌŽĐŽŶƚŽƌŶŽĚĂĨŝŐƵƌĂ͘
Ϯ Ͳ ĞůŝŶĞĂƌ͗Ġ ƉŽŶƚŝůŚĂƌ Ž ĐŽŶƚŽƌŶŽ Ğ ŽƐ

ĚĞƚĂůŚĞƐĚĂĨŽƌŵĂ͘

29
ĞƐďŽĕĂƌ͕ ĨŝŶĂůŝǌĞ ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂ ĐĂŶĞƚŝŶŚĂ ƉƌĞƚĂ͕

ĚĞƐĞŶŚĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ƶŵ ƷŶŝĐŽ ƚƌĂĕŽ ĐŽŶƚşŶƵŽ͕
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂŶĚŽŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐĚĂŝŵĂŐĞŵ͘
ZĞƉŝƚĂŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽŶĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐĨŽůŚĂƐ͘
Ϯ͘sĂŵŽƐƚƌĂďĂůŚĂƌĞŵŐƌƵƉŽ͘ĂĚĂŵĞŵďƌŽĚŽ
ŐƌƵƉŽĚĞǀĞƌĄĨĂǌĞƌƵŵĚĞƐĞŶŚŽĞŵƵŵĂĨŽůŚĂ
ĚĞ ƉĂƉĞů Ğŵ ďƌĂŶĐŽ ĨĂĕĂ Ž ĐŽŶƚŽƌŶŽ
;ƉŽŶƚŝůŚĂŶĚŽŽĐŽŶƚŽƌŶŽͿ ĚĞƵŵĂĨŝŐƵƌĂ͕ĂƉſƐ
Ž ƚĠƌŵŝŶŽ ĚĞƐƐĂ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ĞƚĂƉĂ͘ dƌŽƋƵĞŵ ŽƐ
ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂŶƚĞƐ ĚŽ
ŐƌƵƉŽƚĞƌŵŝŶĞŵŽĚĞƐĞŶŚŽĨĂǌĞŶĚŽĂƐĞƚĂƉĂƐ
ϯ Ͳ ^ŽŵďƌĞĂƌ͗ Ġ ƉƌĞĞŶĐŚĞƌ Ž ĞƐƉĂĕŽ ŝŶƚĞƌŶŽ͕
ĚĞĚĞůŝŶĞĂĚŽĞƐŽŵďƌĞĂĚŽ͘
ĚĂŶĚŽĂŶŽĕĆŽĚĞǀŽůƵŵĞ͘
ϯ͘ sĂŵŽƐĨĂǌĞƌ,ĂĐŚƵƌĂĞƌƵǌͲ,ĂĐŚƵƌĂ͊ ƌŝĞ
ƵŵĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƵƐĂŶĚŽĂƐƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐĚĞ,ĂĐŚƵƌĂ͘
WŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͗ hŵĂ ǆƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽ ƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ

ƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĞWŽŶƚŽƐ
KƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͕ƵŵĂƚĠĐŶŝĐĂĚĞƉŝŶƚƵƌĂ
ƋƵĞƌĞǀŽůƵĐŝŽŶŽƵŽŵƵŶĚŽĚĂĂƌƚĞŶŽĨŝŶĂůĚŽ
ƐĠĐƵůŽy/y͕ĠƵŵĂĨĂƐĐŝŶĂŶƚĞĨƵƐĆŽĚĞĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞ
ĐƌŝĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͘ KƌŝŐŝŶĂĚŽ ŶĂ &ƌĂŶĕĂ Ğŵ ŵĞĂĚŽƐ
ĚĞ ϭϴϴϬ͕ ĞƐƚĞ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽ Ġ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŽƵŐůĂƐĚŝŵ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϭϭͬϬϵͬŽͲ
ƉŽŶƚŽ͘Śƚŵů ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐ
ŵĂŶĐŚĂƐ ŽƵ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ ĚĞ ĐŽƌ ũƵƐƚĂƉŽƐƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ͕
ǀŝƐƚŽƐ ĚĞ ůŽŶŐĞ͕ ĨŽƌŵĂŵ ƵŵĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ͘ ƐƚĞ
ĞƐƚŝůŽĠƵŵĂƌĂŵŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽĚŽŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŝƐŵŽĞ
ĨŽŝ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂĚŽ ŶŽƐ ĞƐƚƵĚŽƐ ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐŽƐ ĚŽ
ϭ͘ ƌŝĞƚƌġƐĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƐĞŵĨŽůŚĂƐĚĞƐƵůĨŝƚĞŽƵŶŽ
ƋƵşŵŝĐŽ ĨƌĂŶĐġƐ DŝĐŚĞů ƵŐğŶĞ ŚĞǀƌĞƵů
ĐĂĚĞƌŶŽ͕ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŶĚŽĂƉĞŶĂƐƵŵĂůŝŶŚĂ͘ŽŵĞĐĞ
;ϭϳϴϲͲϭϴϴϵͿ͘ůĞƉƵďůŝĐŽƵĞŵϭϴϯϵƵŵĞƐƚƵĚŽ
ĐŽŵƵŵƌĂƐĐƵŶŚŽůĞǀĞĚĞůĄƉŝƐĚĞŐƌĂĨŝƚĞ͘ƉſƐ
ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ůĞŝ ĚĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐ
30
intitulado “Da lei do contraste simultâneo das ^ĞƵƌĂƚ ĐƌŝĂ ƵŵĂ ůƵŵŝŶŽƐŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ƵŵĂ
cores”. ǀŝǀĂĐŝĚĂĚĞƷŶŝĐĂƐƋƵĞŶĆŽƐĞƌŝĂŵĂůĐĂŶĕĄǀĞŝƐ
K ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ ĞŵĞƌŐŝƵ ĐŽŵŽ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŵŵĠƚŽĚŽƐĚĞƉŝŶƚƵƌĂƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘
ƌĞĂĕĆŽ ĂŽ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŝƐŵŽ ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů͘
ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽŽŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŝƐŵŽĨŽĐĂǀĂŶĂĐĂƉƚƵƌĂ WĂƵů^ŝŐŶĂĐĞ^ƵĂƐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝĕƁĞƐ
ĚĂ ůƵǌ Ğ ĐŽƌ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕ Ž ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂǀĂ

ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ ĐŽƌĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĐŽŵďŝŶĂĚĂƐ
ǀŝƐƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ƉĞůŽ ŽůŚŽ ŚƵŵĂŶŽ͘ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ ĨŽŝ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂƉŽƌ'ĞŽƌŐĞƐ^ĞƵƌĂƚ;ϭϴϱϵͲϭϴϵϭͿ
ĞWĂƵů^ŝŐŶĂĐ;ϭϴϲϯ–ϭϵϯϱͿ͕ĚŽŝƐĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐƋƵĞ
ďƵƐĐĂǀĂŵ ƵŵĂ ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ ŵĂŝƐ ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂ Ğ
ŵĞƚſĚŝĐĂƉĂƌĂĂƉŝŶƚƵƌĂ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǁŝŬŝĂƌƚ͘ŽƌŐͬƉƚͬƉĂƵůͲ
ƐŝŐŶĂĐͬƉŽƌƚͲŽĨͲƐĂŝŶƚͲƚƌŽƉĞǌ
WĂƵů^ŝŐŶĂĐĨŽŝƵŵĐŽůĂďŽƌĂĚŽƌƉƌſǆŝŵŽ
ĚĞ ^ĞƵƌĂƚ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĨŽŝ Ƶŵ ŵĞƐƚƌĞ ĚŽ
ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͘ ůĞ ĂĚŽƚŽƵ Ă ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ Ğ Ă ůĞǀŽƵ
ĂĚŝĂŶƚĞ͕ĞǆƉůŽƌĂŶĚŽĂƐƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐĚĞĐŽƌĞ
ůƵǌ͘ hŵĂ ĚĞ ƐƵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ ŶŽƚĄǀĞŝƐ Ġ ΗK
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǁŝŬŝĂƌƚ͘ŽƌŐͬƉƚͬŐĞŽƌŐĞƐͲ WŽƌƚŽ ĚĞ ^ĂŝŶƚͲdƌŽƉĞǌΗ ;ϭϴϵϵͿ͕ ƋƵĞ ĐĂƉƚƵƌĂ Ă

ƐĞƵƌĂƚͬƚĂƌĚĞͲĚĞͲĚŽŵŝŶŐŽͲŶĂͲŝůŚĂͲĚĞͲŐƌĂŶĚĞͲũĂƚƚĞͲϭϴϴϲ
ďĞůĞǌĂ ůƵŵŝŶŽƐĂ ĚŽ ƉŽƌƚŽ ĐŽŵ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ
ǀŝďƌĂŶƚĞƐĚĞĐŽƌ͘^ŝŐŶĂĐŶĆŽĂƉĞŶĂƐƐĞŐƵŝƵŽƐ
'ĞŽƌŐĞƐ ^ĞƵƌĂƚ Ğ Ηhŵ ŽŵŝŶŐŽ ă dĂƌĚĞ ŶĂ
ƉĂƐƐŽƐ ĚĞ ^ĞƵƌĂƚ͕ ŵĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵ
/ůŚĂĚĞ>Ă'ƌĂŶĚĞ:ĂƚƚĞΗ
ƐƵĂƐ ƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ͕ ŝŶĐĞŶƚŝǀĂŶĚŽ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ
'ĞŽƌŐĞƐ ^ĞƵƌĂƚ ;ϭϴϱϵͲϭϴϵϭͿ͕ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ
ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐĂĞǆƉůŽƌĂƌĞƐƐĂƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ͘
ǀĞǌĞƐĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽŽƉŝŽŶĞŝƌŽĚŽƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͕
ĚĞĚŝĐŽƵ ƐƵĂ ĐĂƌƌĞŝƌĂ Ă ĂƉƌŝŵŽƌĂƌ Ğ ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌ
ĞƐƚĂ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ͘ ^ƵĂ ŽďƌĂ ŵĂŝƐ ĨĂŵŽƐĂ͕ Ηhŵ
ŽŵŝŶŐŽ ă dĂƌĚĞŶĂ /ůŚĂ ĚĞ >Ă 'ƌĂŶĚĞ :ĂƚƚĞΗ
;ϭϴϴϰͲϭϴϴϲͿ͕ Ġ Ƶŵ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ ŵĂŐŝƐƚƌĂů ĚŽ
ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͘ ƐƚĂ ŽďƌĂ ŵŽŶƵŵĞŶƚĂů ŵŽƐƚƌĂ
ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĚĞƐĨƌƵƚĂŶĚŽĚĞƵŵĚŝĂĚĞůĂǌĞƌĂŽĂƌ
ůŝǀƌĞĞĠĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂŝŶƚĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĚĞƉĞƋƵĞŶŽƐ
ƉŽŶƚŽƐ ĐŽůŽƌŝĚŽƐ͘ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ ŵĞƚŝĐƵůŽƐĂ ĚĞ

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ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĞdĠĐŶŝĐĂƐĚŽWŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ K ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂ ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ ƷŶŝĐĂ ĚĞ
'ĞŽƌŐĞƐ ^ĞƵƌĂƚ dşƚƵůŽ KƌŝŐŝŶĂů͗ 'ƌĂǀĞůŝŶĞƐ͗ ƵŶ ĐŽƌ Ğ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂ Ă ĨĂƐĐŝŶĂƌ ƚĂŶƚŽ ŽƐ
ƐŽŝƌ͕ĠƚƵĚĞĂƚĂ͗ ϭϴϵϬ͖&ƌĂŶĐĞ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ŽƐ ĞƐƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌĞƐ͘ ůĞ
ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĐĞ Ƶŵ ƚĞƐƚĞŵƵŶŚŽ ĚŽ ƉŽĚĞƌ ĚĂ
ŝŶŽǀĂĕĆŽ Ğ ĚĂ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ŶĂ ĂƌƚĞ͕
ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŶĚŽĐŽŵŽƵŵĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂŶĂƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ
ƉŽĚĞ Ăďƌŝƌ ŶŽǀŽƐ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞƐ ŶĂ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ
ĐƌŝĂƚŝǀĂ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǁŝŬŝĂƌƚ͘ŽƌŐͬƉƚͬŐĞŽƌŐĞƐͲ

ƐĞƵƌĂƚͬƐƚƵĚǇͲĨŽƌͲƚŚĞͲĐŚĂŶŶĞůͲĂƚͲŐƌĂǀĞůŝŶĞƐͲĞǀĞŶŝŶŐͲ
ϭϴϵϬ ^ƚƵĚǇĨŽƌΖdŚĞŚĂŶŶĞůĂƚ'ƌĂǀĞůŝŶĞƐ͕ǀĞŶŝŶŐΖ
ϭ͘ sĂŵŽƐ ĐƌŝĂƌ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƐ ƵƐĂŶĚŽ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ͊ ŵ

ĞƐƐġŶĐŝĂĚŽƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽƌĞƐŝĚĞŶĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ
ƵŵĂĨŽůŚĂďƌĂŶĐĂĨĂĕĂƵŵŽƵǀĄƌŝŽƐĚĞƐĞŶŚŽƐ
ĚĞƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĐŽƌĞƐƉƵƌĂƐ͕ƋƵĞƐĞŵŝƐƚƵƌĂŵĂŽƐ
ĐŽůŽƌŝĚŽƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ă ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ ĚŽ ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ
ŽůŚŽƐĚŽĞƐƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌƉĂƌĂĐƌŝĂƌƚŽŶƐĞƐŽŵďƌĂƐ͘
;ĐŽŶƚŽƌŶĂƌ͕ ĚĞůŝŶĞĂƌ͕ ƐŽŵďƌĞĂƌͿ͘ hƐĞ Ă ƐƵĂ
ŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ ĚĂƐ ŵŝƐƚƵƌĂƐ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ ŶĂ ƉĂůĞƚĂ͕ Ž
ĐƌŝĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌ ĞƐƐĂ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ƐĞũĂ
ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽĚĞƉĞŶĚĞĚĂƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽǀŝƐƵĂůƉĂƌĂ
ƵƐĂŶĚŽŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐĐŽŵŽƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐďŽůŝŶŚĂƐĚĞ
ŵĞƐĐůĂƌ ŽƐ ƚŽŶƐ͘ ƐƚĂƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ ĚĞƐĂĨŝĂĂ ŶŽĕĆŽ
ŵĂƐƐĂĚĞŵŽĚĞůĂƌ͕ůĄƉŝƐĚĞĐŽƌŽƵƚŝŶƚĂŐƵĂĐŚĞ͘
ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů ĚĞ ŵŝƐƚƵƌĂ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĞƐ͕ ŽĨĞƌĞĐĞŶĚŽ
ƵŵŶŽǀŽŵŽĚŽĚĞǀĞƌĞŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌĂĂƌƚĞ͘
>ĞŐĂĚŽĞ/ŵƉĂĐƚŽ
K ůĞŐĂĚŽ ĚŽ ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ ǀĂŝ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ dĞŵĂ͗ KďũĞƚŽƐ ĚĞ ŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽͬŽŶƚĞƷĚŽ͗
ƐƵĂƐ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝĕƁĞƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ͖ ĞůĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐ͗ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ
Ƶŵ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĐƌƵĐŝĂů ŶĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚĂ ĂƌƚĞ͕ ŽŶĚĞ Ă ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŝǀŽƐ ĚĂƐ ƌƚĞƐ sŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘ ŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ğ
ĐŝġŶĐŝĂ Ğ Ă ĂƌƚĞ ƐĞ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŵ͘ KƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ ĚŽ WƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͗ƐƚŝůŽƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘
ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ ŶĆŽ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ĐƌŝĂƌĂŵ ŽďƌĂƐ
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϰͲͿ ǆƉůŽƌĂƌ ŽƐ
ǀŝƐƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŝǀŽƐĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ƚĂŝƐ
ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵşƌĂŵ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐŽ
ĐŽŵŽ͗ Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ͕ Ă ůŝŶŚĂ͕ Ă ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ Ă ĐŽƌ͕ Ž
ĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĞĚĂƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽǀŝƐƵĂů͘KŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ Ž ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ Ă ƚĞǆƚƵƌĂ͕ ŽƐ ƉůĂŶŽƐ͕ Ă
ƚĞǀĞ Ƶŵ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀŽ ŶŽ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕ Ă ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ Ă ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽ͕ Ž
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ŵŽĚĞƌŶŝƐŵŽ Ğ
ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽĞĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ
ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝŽƵŵƵŝƚŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐĞƐƚŝůŽƐĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽƐ͘

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ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ Ğ ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐĂ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ ǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐ Ğ ĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ůŝŶŚĂƐ

ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀŽƐ͘ ƉŽŶƚŝůŚĂĚĂƐϭ͕ϮĞϯĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ž
ƉŽŶƚŽWĐŽŶƐƚƌŽĞŵ ĂƐ ĂƌĞƐƚĂƐ ĚĞ ƐƵĂƐ
;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϮͿWĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƌĞĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ĨĂĐĞƐĞ͕ĐĂƵƐĂŶĚŽ ĂĨƵŶŝůĂŵĞŶƚŽ Ă ŵĞĚŝĚĂ
ĞƐƚŝůŽƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚƵĂůŝǌĂŶĚŽͲŽƐŶŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕
ƋƵĞƐĞĚŝƐƚĂŶĐŝĂŵĚŽƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƉůĂŶŽ͕ŐĞƌĂŶĚŽ
ŶŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ Ğ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ Ğŵ
ƵŵĞĨĞŝƚŽǀŝƐƵĂůĚĞǀŽůƵŵĞ͘
ĐŽŵƵŵĐŽŵĂĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌĂŶĞŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĞƐƐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵͲƐĞ ĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐ ĚĂ
KƋƵĞĠƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͍ ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͘
EĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ Ă ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ ƉŽĚĞ ŵďŝĞŶƚĞĞŵƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ
ƐĞƌ ĚĞĨŝŶŝĚĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ƶŵ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽ ŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ ƋƵĞ K ŵĞƐŵŽ ĞƐƋƵĞŵĂ ŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ ĐŽŵ ůŝŶŚĂƐ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂ Ž ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ǀŝƐƵĂů ĚĞůŝŶŚĂƐ ĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ ĚĞƐůŽĐĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ƶŵ ƉŽŶƚŽ
ĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐƉĂƌĂ ĐƌŝĂƌ Ă ŝůƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ĂƉůŝĐĂĚŽ Ğŵ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ
ƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ Ğ ĚĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ͕ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ͘
ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĞƐƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ƐŽďƌĞ ƵŵĂ EŽ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ ĚŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ĂďĂŝǆŽ͕ ĞůĂƐ
ƐƵƉĞƌĨşĐŝĞƉůĂŶĂ͕ĐŽŵŽĂĚŽƉĂƉĞůĚĞĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ͕ ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ƉĞůĂ ƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ
ƵŵĂ ĨŽƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĂ ŽƵ ƵŵĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ĐƌŝĂĚĂ ŶŽ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ž ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ Ğ Ž ƷůƚŝŵŽ ƉůĂŶŽ͕
WŚŽƚŽƐŚŽƉ͘ ĚĂŶĚŽĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĞƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞ͘
KĞĨĞŝƚŽǀŝƐƵĂůĚĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ
WĂƌĂ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ Ă ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĂƐ
ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ ŶĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ŐƌĄĨŝĐĂ
ĞŵƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕ŽďƐĞƌǀĞŽĞǆĞŵƉůŽŝůƵƐƚƌĂƚŝǀŽ
ĚŽĐƵďŽĂďĂŝǆŽ͗
Ɛ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ĂƐ ĂƌĞƐƚĂƐ

ĚŽƐ ŽďũĞƚŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĚĞ
ĨƵŐĂ͘
ůĂƐ ĨĂǌĞŵ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ ĚĞ
ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ŐƌĄĨŝĐŽƐ ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂ ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕ ŝŶĚŝƐƉĞŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ŶĂ
ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ ĞƐƋƵĞŵĄƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ĚŽ

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ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ ŝŵŝƚĂŶĚŽ Ă ƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ ǀŝƐƵĂů ĚŽ ŽůŚŽ EƵŵĂƉĂŝƐĂŐĞŵ͕ĠĂůŝŶŚĂĚŽŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ

ŚƵŵĂŶŽ͘ ƋƵĞƐĞƉĂƌĂŽĐĠƵĞĂƚĞƌƌĂ͘sŝƐƚĂĂŽůŽŶŐĞ͕ĞůĂ
ĞƐƚĄ ŶĂ ďĂƐĞ ĚĂƐ ŵŽŶƚĂŶŚĂƐ Ğ ƌŝƐĐĂ
ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĂůŵĞŶƚĞŽŶşǀĞůĚŽŵĂƌ͘
ŐŽƌĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĂďĞŵŽƐ Ž ƋƵĞ Ġ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕ ǀĂŵŽƐ ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌ ƋƵĂŝƐ ŽƐ WŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐƋƵĞĨĂǌĞŵƉĂƌƚĞĚĞůĂ͘
EĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ŐƌĄĨŝĐĂ ĚĂ
ǆŝƐƚĞŵ ƋƵĂƚƌŽ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ Ġ ĐŽŵƵŵ Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝƐƚĂ ƐĞƌ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƋƵĞĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂŵŽŶşǀĞůĞŽąŶŐƵůŽ
ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ ƵŵĂ ůŝŶŚĂ ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂů
ǀŝƐƵĂůĚŽĞƐƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌŶŽĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽĚŽĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ͕
ƉĞƌƉĞŶĚŝĐƵůĂƌăůŝŶŚĂĚŽŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ͘KƉŽŶƚŽĚĞ
ƐĆŽĞůĞƐ͗>ŝŶŚĂĚŽ,ŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ͖WŽŶƚŽĚĞsŝƐƚĂ͖
ǀŝƐƚĂ ;WsͿ ƌĞǀĞůĂͲƐĞ ĞǆĂƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŶŽ
WŽŶƚŽĚĞ&ƵŐĂ͘
ĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƐĂƐĚƵĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐ͘
>ŝŶŚĂƐĚĞ&ƵŐĂ
WĂƌĂ Ƶŵ ĞƐƚƵĚŽ͕ ĂŝŶĚĂ ƋƵĞ ďĄƐŝĐŽ͕
ƐŽďƌĞƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕ĠŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽĐŽŶŚĞĐġͲůŽƐĞ
ƐĂďĞƌŽŵŽĚŽĐŽƌƌĞƚŽĚĞƐƵĂĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘
>ŝŶŚĂĚŽŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ
Ž ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ Ğŵ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ ƋƵĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ž ŶşǀĞů ĚŽƐ ŽůŚŽƐ
ĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽ ĚŽ ąŶŐƵůŽ ǀŝƐƵĂů ĚĞ
ĚŽ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ ;ůŝŶŚĂ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĂů
ƉŽŶƚŝůŚĂĚĂ>,Ϳ͘ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŵŽƚŝǀŽ͕ Ă ůŝŶŚĂ ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂů ƋƵĞ
ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂ Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝƐƚĂ ƉŽĚĞ ƐŝƚƵĂƌͲƐĞ
ĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝǌĂĚĂŶĂĐĞŶĂĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƚŝǀĂŽƵĞŵƵŵĚĞ
ƐĞƵƐůĂĚŽƐ͕ĞƐƋƵĞƌĚŽŽƵĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ͘
WŽŶƚŽĚĞĨƵŐĂ
Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĚŽ ŶĂ ůŝŶŚĂ ĚŽ
ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞƉĂƌĂŽŶĚĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐƉĂƌĂůĞůĂƐ
ĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŵ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽǀŝƐƚĂƐĞŵƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ;W&Ϳ͘

34
ĞƐƋƵĞŵĂƐ ŐƌĄĨŝĐŽƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐ ƉĂƌĂĚĞƐĞŶŚĂƌ

ŽďũĞƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚƵĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞƐ ŽƵ
ƉĂŝƐĂŐĞŶƐƐĞŵĚŝƐƚŽƌĕĆŽĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂů͘
sĞƌĞŵŽƐ Ă ďĂƐĞ ĚĞƐƚĞƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ
ŐƌĄĨŝĐŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŶĚŽ ŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ
ǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĞŵƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͘
ϰƚŝƉŽƐĚĞƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ
ĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽ ĚĂ ƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ŽƵ ĚŽ ŶşǀĞů
ŵ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ ƐĆŽ
ǀŝƐƵĂůĞŵƋƵĞƵŵŽďũĞƚŽĞƐƚĞũĂĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂŽ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐ ĚŽŝƐ ŽƵ ŵĂŝƐ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ ĚĞ ĨƵŐĂ͘ ŵ
ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͕ Ă ƐƵĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ
ƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐĐŽŵŽĞƐƚĂƐ͕ƉŽĚĞŚĂǀĞƌƉŽŶƚŽƐƚĂŶƚŽ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂĐŽŵƵŵ͕ĚŽŝƐŽƵ
ŶĂůŝŶŚĂĚŽŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞƋƵĂŶƚŽŶĂůŝŶŚĂǀĞƌƚŝĐĂů
ƚƌġƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĨƵŐĂ͕ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶĚŽĞŵϰƚŝƉŽƐĚĞ
ĚŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ͘ŵĂůŐƵŶƐĐĂƐŽƐĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůŽ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͗ WĂƌĂůĞůĂ͖ KďůşƋƵĂ͖ ĠƌĞĂ͖ ŽŶƚƌĂ
ƉŽŶƚŽ ĨŝĐĂƌ ĨŽƌĂ ƚĂŶƚŽ ĚĂ ůŝŶŚĂ ĚŽ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ
ƉůĂŶŽ͘
ƋƵĂŶƚŽĚŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ͘
sĞũĂĂƐĞŐƵŝƌŽƐĚĞƚĂůŚĞƐĚĞĐĂĚĂƵŵĂ
>ŝŶŚĂƐĚĞĨƵŐĂ ĚĞƐƐĂƐƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƐ͘
^ĆŽ ĂƐ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĄƌŝĂƐ ƋƵĞ
ĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞŵ Ž ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĚĂ ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ WĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƉĂƌĂůĞůĂ;ϭW&Ϳ
ĐŽŶǀĞƌŐŝŶĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĨƵŐĂ ;ůŝŶŚĂƐ EŽĚĞƐĞŶŚŽĞŵƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƉĂƌĂůĞůĂăƐ
ĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ ƉŽŶƚŝůŚĂĚĂƐͿ͘ Ž ĂĨƵŶŝůĂŵĞŶƚŽ ůŝŶŚĂƐ ĚĞ ĨƵŐĂ ĚĞƐůŽĐĂŵͲƐĞ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ƶŵ
ĚĞƐƐĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐĞŵĚŝƌĞĕĆŽĂŽƉŽŶƚŽƋƵĞŐĞƌĂŵ ƉŽŶƚŽ ;W&Ϳ͘ KƐ ŽďũĞƚŽƐ ŶĞƐƐĂ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ
Ă ƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽ ǀŝƐƵĂů ĚĞ ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĂƐ ĨĂĐĞƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ƐƵĂ ĨĂĐĞ ĨƌŽŶƚĂů ƉĂƌĂůĞůĂ ĂŽ
ĞŵĞƐĐŽƌĕŽĚŽƐŽďũĞƚŽƐĞŵƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͘ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͕ ƚĂŶƚŽ ŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĆŽ ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ă
ƐƵĂĨƌĞŶƚĞ͕ƋƵĂŶƚŽăƐƵĂĞƐƋƵĞƌĚĂ͕ŽƵăĚŝƌĞŝƚĂ͘
K ƵƐŽ ĚŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂ ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͕

Ğŵ ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ͕ ƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŵ Ă ĞůĂďŽƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ

35
hŵ ĚĞƚĂůŚĞ Ă ƐĞƌ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽ Ġ ƋƵĞ ŶĂ YƵĂŶĚŽ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŵŽƐ Ƶŵ ŽďũĞƚŽ Ğŵ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƉĂƌĂůĞůĂŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ;Ws͕ůŝŶŚĂ ƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ŽďůşƋƵĂ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ŶşǀĞů ǀŝƐƵĂů
ƉŽŶƚŝůŚĂĚĂ ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂůͿ ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂͲƐĞ Ğŵ ƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ ĂůƚŽ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ŵĞůŚŽƌ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĄͲůŽ
ƉĞƌƉĞŶĚŝĐƵůĂƌăůŝŶŚĂĚŽŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ͕ƐŝƚƵĂĚĂƚĆŽ ƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ġ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĞ
ƉƌſǆŝŵŽ ĂŽ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĨƵŐĂ ƋƵĞ ƉĂƌĞĐĞ ĞƐƚĂƌ ƚƌġƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĨƵŐĂ͘ŽŝƐĚĞůĞƐĨŝĐĂŵŶĂůŝŶŚĂ
ƐŽďƌĞĞůĞ;W&Ϳ͘ ĚŽ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ Ğ Ž ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŽ Ġ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ ŶĂ
ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂůĚŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ͘
WĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂŽďůşƋƵĂ;ϮW&Ϳ͗ ŵ ĐŝƌĐƵŶƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĞƐƚĂƐ͕
YƵĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ŽďũĞƚŽ ĨŝĐĂ Ğŵ ƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ƌĂƌĂŵĞŶƚĞǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂŵŽƐĂĞǆŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂĚĞůŝŶŚĂƐ
ŽďůşƋƵĂ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂ ĚĞ ƐƵĂƐ ĂƌĞƐƚĂƐ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĂŝƐŽƵǀĞƌƚŝĐĂŝƐŶĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽŽďũĞƚŽ͘
ǀŽůƚĂĚĂƉĂƌĂŽŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͕ƐƵĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐĚĞĨƵŐĂ dŽĚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ĚĞƐůŽĐĂŵͲƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚĞƐůŽĐĂŵͲƐĞƉĂƌĂĚŽŝƐƉŽŶƚŽƐ;W&ϭĞW&ϮͿ͘ ƵŵĚŽƐƚƌġƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĨƵŐĂ͘
ŵ ĐĂƐŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĞƐƚĞ͕ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞ ƋƵĞ
ŶĞŶŚƵŵĂ ůŝŶŚĂ ŶĂ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĚŽ ŽďũĞƚŽ ĨŽŝ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂ ŶĂ ƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĂů͘ YƵĂŶĚŽ
ŶĆŽ ƐĆŽ ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂŝƐ Ġ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ĚĞƐůŽĐĂŵͲƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ
ƵŵĚŽƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĨƵŐĂ͘
YƵĂŶƚŽ ĂŽ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝƐƚĂ ;WsͿ͕ ĞƐƚĞ

ŽďĞĚĞĐĞĂŽƐŵĞƐŵŽƐĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐĚĂƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ
ŽďůşƋƵĂ͘WĞƌŵĂŶĞĐĞƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽŶƵŵƉŽŶƚŽ
ĐĞŶƚƌĂůĞŶƚƌĞŽƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĨƵŐĂW&ϭĞW&ϮŶĂ
ůŝŶŚĂĚŽŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ;>,Ϳ͘
WĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂĚĞĐŽŶƚƌĂƉůĂŶŽ;ϯW&Ϳ
ŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ;WsͿ͕ƐƵĂ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂĚĞĐŽŶƚƌĂƉůĂŶŽƚĞŵĂƐ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ŶĂ ůŝŶŚĂ ĚŽ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ ĞƐƚĄ
ŵĞƐŵĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚĂƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂĂĠƌĞĂ͕
ĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝǌĂĚĂĞŶƚƌĞŽƐĚŽŝƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĨƵŐĂ;W&ϭ
ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĐŽŵƚƌġƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞ
ĞW&ϮͿ͘ĞƐƚĞƐ͕ƉŽƌƐƵĂǀĞǌ͕ĚĞǀĞŵĞƐƚĂƌŽŵĂŝƐ
ĨƵŐĂ͘
ĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƵŵĚŽŽƵƚƌŽƉĂƌĂĞǀŝƚĂƌĞƌƌŽƐ
WŽƌĠŵ͕ Ă ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂ ĞƐƚĄ ŶŽ
ŶŽĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ͘
ŶşǀĞů ǀŝƐƵĂů ŵƵŝƚŽ ďĂŝǆŽ ĚŽ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͕
ƚŽƌŶĂŶĚŽͲĂŽƉŽƐƚĂŶŽŵŽĚŽĚĞǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĞ
WĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂĂĠƌĞĂ;ϯW&Ϳ
ĂůƚĞƌĂŶĚŽ͕ ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ Ă ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŽ
ƉŽŶƚŽĚĞĨƵŐĂ;W&ϯͿ͘

36
EĞƐƐĞ ŶŽǀŽ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ĞůĞ Ġ ŐŽƌĂŽůŚĂŶĚŽƉŽƌƵŵŽƵƚƌŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞ

ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ ĂĐŝŵĂ ĚĂ ůŝŶŚĂ ĚŽ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ͘ ǀŝƐƚĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĞŵ ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉŽƵ ĚĂ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ
sĞũĂŽĞǆĞŵƉůŽŝůƵƐƚƌĂƚŝǀŽ͗ ĨŝůŵĞ͕ƚĞŵŽƐƵŵĂŶŽĕĆŽĚĞĐŽŵŽĂƚĠĐŶŝĐĂĨŽŝ
ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂ͘
/ŵĂŐĞŵϮ
&ŽŶƚĞ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂĞůĂƐĐŚŽŽů͘ĐŽŵͬƉƚͬĚĞƐŝŐŶǀŝƐƵĂůͬƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂͲ
ĂƉƌĞŶĚĂͲĐŽŵŽͲƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌͲĞƐƐĂͲƚĞĐŶŝĐĂͲŶĂƐͲĂƌƚĞƐͲǀŝƐƵĂŝƐͬ
Ɛ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ

ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐ ŶŽ ĐŝŶĞŵĂ͕ Ƶŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐŽ ĐŝƚĂƌ Ġ Ž ĨĂŵŽƐŽ ŚĂƌůŝĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉƌĞƐƐƌĞĂĚĞƌ͘ĐŽŵͬƵŬͬŚŽǁͲŝƚͲ
ŚĂƉůŝŶ ƋƵĞ ĂŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ǁŽƌŬƐͬϮϬϮϬϬϮϮϬͬϮϴϮϵϭϴϬϵϮϰϲϳϯϲϬ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƐ͕ĐƌŝŽƵĞĨĞŝƚŽƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐŝŶĐƌşǀĞŝƐƉĂƌĂ /ŵĂŐĞŵϯ
ƐƵĂĠƉŽĐĂ͘hŵĞǆĞŵƉůŽĠŽĚŽĨŝůŵĞĚĞŚĂƌůŝĞ
ŚĂƉůŝŶ dĞŵƉŽƐ ŵŽĚĞƌŶŽƐ ŶĂ ŝĐƀŶŝĐĂ ĐĞŶĂ
ZŽůůĞƌ^ŬĂƚŝŶŐ͘
ZĞƉĂƌĞŵ ƋƵĞ ŶĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ϭ͕ Ž ďƵƌĂĐŽ
ƐƵďůŝŶŚĂĚŽ ĚĞ ĂŵĂƌĞůŽ Ġ Ƶŵ ĨƵŶĚŽ ĨĂůƐŽ͕ ĨŽŝ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƵŵĂƚĠĐŶŝĐĂĚĞƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƉĂƌĂĐƌŝĂƌ
ƵŵĂŝůƵƐĆŽĚĞƋƵĞĂƋƵĞůĂƋƵĞĚĂĞǆŝƐƚĞĚĞĨĂƚŽ͘
/ŵĂŐĞŵϭ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉƌĞƐƐƌĞĂĚĞƌ͘ĐŽŵͬƵŬͬŚŽǁͲŝƚͲ
ǁŽƌŬƐͬϮϬϮϬϬϮϮϬͬϮϴϮϵϭϴϬϵϮϰϲϳϯϲϬ
ZĞƉĂƌĞŵ ƋƵĞ Ă ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ

ĂŵĂƌĞůŽŶĂŝŵĂŐĞŵϭĠƵŵĂĨŽƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĂĞĞůĂĨŽŝ
ĨŝǆĂĚĂ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ƋƵĂĚƌŽ ƋƵĞ ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĐĞƵ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ Ă ĨƌĞŶƚĞ ĚĂ ĐąŵĞƌĂ ĚĞ ǀşĚĞŽ Ğ Ă

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŽƉĞŶĐƵůƚƵƌĞ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϮϬͬϭϭͬŚŽǁͲĐŚĂƌůŝĞͲ
ĂĕĆŽƉƌŽŵŽǀŝĚĂƉĞůŽƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵŶĞƐƐĂĐĞŶĂ
ĐŚĂƉůŝŶͲƵƐĞĚͲŐƌŽƵŶĚďƌĞĂŬŝŶŐͲǀŝƐƵĂůͲĞĨĨĞĐƚƐͲƚŽͲƐŚŽŽƚͲ
ƚŚĞͲĚĞĂƚŚͲĚĞĨǇŝŶŐͲƌŽůůĞƌͲƐŬĂƚĞͲƐĐĞŶĞͲŝŶͲŵŽĚĞƌŶͲƚŝŵĞƐͲ ĚŽĨŝůŵĞĨŝĐĂǀĂĂŝŶĚĂŵĂŝƐĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞĚĂĐąŵĞƌĂ͕
ϭϵϯϲ͘ŚƚŵůηŐŽŽŐůĞͺǀŝŐŶĞƚƚĞ
ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽ Ă ŝůƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ƚƵĚŽ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ

37
ƷŶŝĐŽĞǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌŽ;ŝŵĂŐĞŵϮĞϯͿ͘ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ĠĞĐŽŵŽĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂ͍
ǀĞƌŶŽǇŽƵƚƵďĞŽǀşĚĞŽĚĞĐŽŵŽĞƐƐĂĐĞŶĂĨŽŝ ● ĞĚŝƚŽƌĂƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐ͘ŵĂĐŬĞŶǌŝĞ͘ďƌͲ Zd^
VISUAIS: “A RAINHA” DAS
ĞůĂďŽƌĂĚĂƉĞůŽůŝŶŬ͗
>/E'h'E^
● ĞĚƵ͘ŐĐĨŐůŽďĂů͘ŽƌŐͲ ŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐďĄƐŝĐŽƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǇŽƵƚƵ͘ďĞͬ<ϰŽdĐtĞǀ'ĨƐ͍Ɛŝсƌ&s
ĚĞĚĞƐŝŐŶŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ͗&ƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĚŽ͘͘͘
,ϰǇͲǆ/ƉͲ<ŬϱͺŚ ● ĨĞĐ͘ƵŶŝĐĂŵƉ͘ďƌͲ ƵƌƐŽ/ůƵƐƚƌĂĚŽ
● ŐĚĂƌƚĞƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͲ &ŽƌŵĂƐ'ĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ
K ŶŽŵĞ ĚŽ ǀşĚĞŽ Ġ ŚĂƌůŝĞ ŚĂƉůŝŶ ŶĂWƌĄƚŝĐĂ;ĞƐďŽĕŽĞƐŝŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽͿ
DŽĚĞƌŶdŝŵĞƐZŽůůĞƌ^ŬĂƚŝŶŐ^ĐĞŶĞs&y͘ ● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂĞůĂƐĐŚŽŽů͘ĐŽŵͬƉƚͬĚĞƐŝŐŶǀŝƐƵĂ
ůͬƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂͲĂƉƌĞŶĚĂͲĐŽŵŽͲƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌͲ
ĞƐƐĂͲƚĞĐŶŝĐĂͲŶĂƐͲĂƌƚĞƐͲǀŝƐƵĂŝƐͬ
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂƌƚĞƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬ
ϮϬϭϳͬϬϰͬŽͲƉŽŶƚŽ͘Śƚŵů
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďůŽŐ͘ŐƌĂĨŝƚƚŝĂƌƚĞƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĐŽŶĐĞ
ϭ͘ ƌŝĞ Ƶŵ ǀşĚĞŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŶĚŽ ĂƐ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ŝƚŽƐͲďĂƐŝĐŽƐͲĚĂͲƚĞŽƌŝĂͲĚĂƐͲĐŽƌĞƐͬ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƐ Ğ ĚĞ ŝůƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ſƉƚŝĐĂ ŶĂ ● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďůŽŐ͘ƵƐĞĂƌƚŽŽůƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĐŽŶŚĞĐ
ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĞĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĐĞŶĄƌŝŽ;ĐŽŵŽƉŽƌ ĂͲĂͲŽƉͲĂƌƚͬ
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŽƵŐůĂƐĚŝŵ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϭ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽŽƋƵĞĨŽŝĨĞŝƚŽƉŽƌŚĂƌůŝĞŚĂƉůŝŶŶĂ
ϭͬϬϵͬŽͲƉŽŶƚŽ͘Śƚŵů
ĐĞŶĂZŽůůĞƌ^ŬĂƚŝŶŐ Ϳ͘ ● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŽƵŐůĂƐĚŝŵ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϭ
ϭͬϬϵͬŽͲƉŽŶƚŽ͘Śƚŵů
Ϯ͘ ƌŝĞ Ƶŵ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ ƵƐĂŶĚŽ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŶŽƚŝĐŝĂƐ͘ƌϳ͘ĐŽŵͬŚŽƌĂͲϳͬĞƐƐĂͲ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƋƵĞĨŽƌĂŵĞŶƐŝŶĂĚĂƐŽƵĐŽůĞƵŵĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵͲƉĂƌĞĐĞͲĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂͲŵĂƐͲŶĂͲ
ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞͲĞͲƉƌĞƚŽͲĞͲďƌĂŶĐĂͲϬϱϭϬϮϬϮϭ
ĨŝŐƵƌĂ Ğ ĞǆƉůŝƋƵĞ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞƚĂůŚĂĚĂ ƋƵĂů
ĂĐĞƐƐĂĚŽϮϵͬϭϭͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂĚĞƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂĨŽŝƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂŶĂŝŵĂŐĞŵ͘ ● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉƚ͘ĚƌĞĂŵƐƚŝŵĞ͘ĐŽŵͬŝůƵƐйϯй
ϯŽͲйϯйϯƉƚŝĐĂͲĐŽƌĞƐͲƉŽƌͲ
ĂƐƐŝŵŝůĂйϯйϳйϯйϯŽͲĞͲ
ĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞͲŽƐͲƋƵĂƚƌŽͲƋƵĂĚƌĂĚŽƐͲ
ĐŽůŽƌŝĚŽƐͲƉĂƌĞĐĞŵͲŽďƚĞƌͲƵŵĂͲĐŽƌͲ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞͲĂƚƌĂǀйϯйϵƐͲĚĂƐͲ
^ŝƚĞƐĐŽŶƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐ͗ ŝŵĂŐĞϭϳϰϭϯϮϯϯϲ
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƐŵĞ͘ŐŽŝĂŶŝĂ͘ŐŽ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬĐŽŶĞǆĂ
● ϳĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͲ ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ŽĞƐĐŽůĂͬĞŶƐŝŶŽͺĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůͬĂƌƚĞͲ
ďĄƐŝĐŽƐĚĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵǀŝƐƵĂů
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐͲĚĂƐͲĂƌƚĞƐͲǀŝƐƵĂŝƐͲůŝŶŚĂͬ
● ƵůƚƵƌĂ'ĞŶŝĂůͲ WŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͗ŽƋƵĞĠ͕
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƐŵĞ͘ŐŽŝĂŶŝĂ͘ŐŽ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬĐŽŶĞǆĂ
ŽďƌĂƐĞƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ
ŽĞƐĐŽůĂͬĞŶƐŝŶŽͺĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůͬĂƌƚĞͲŽƐͲ
● ĐƵƌƐŽĚĞƌĞĚĂĐĂŽ͘ŶĞƚͲ ŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ͕
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐͲĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐͲƋƵĞͲĐŽŵƉŽĞŵͲ
ZĞĨůĞǆƁĞƐŝƚĂĕƁĞƐ^ŽďƌĞƌƚĞ
ĂƐͲĂƌƚĞƐͲǀŝƐƵĂŝƐͲϮͬ
● ĚŽƵŐůĂƐĚŝŵ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͲ h>
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ďƌĂŝŶůĂƚĂŵ͘ĐŽŵͬďůŽŐͬĂͲ
ZdͲ WƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌŽƵŐůĂƐ͗KƉŽŶƚŽ
ŝůƵƐĂŽͲĚĂƐͲĐŽƌĞƐͲŽͲŶŽƐƐŽͲĐĞƌĞďƌŽͲĞͲ
● ĞĐǇĐůĞ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͲ dĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ͗ŽƋƵĞ
ĞŶŐĂŶĂĚŽͲϭϳϭϬ

38
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŽƉĞŶĐƵůƚƵƌĞ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϮϬͬϭ ƌƚĞͲƐ&ŽƌŵĂƐ'ĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐŶĂƌƚĞ
ϭͬŚŽǁͲĐŚĂƌůŝĞͲĐŚĂƉůŝŶͲƵƐĞĚͲ
ŐƌŽƵŶĚďƌĞĂŬŝŶŐͲǀŝƐƵĂůͲĞĨĨĞĐƚƐͲƚŽͲ
ƐŚŽŽƚͲƚŚĞͲĚĞĂƚŚͲĚĞĨǇŝŶŐͲƌŽůůĞƌͲƐŬĂƚĞͲ
ƐĐĞŶĞͲŝŶͲŵŽĚĞƌŶͲƚŝŵĞƐͲ
ϭϵϯϲ͘ŚƚŵůηŐŽŽŐůĞͺǀŝŐŶĞƚƚĞ
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉƌĞƐƐƌĞĂĚĞƌ͘ĐŽŵͬƵŬͬŚŽ
ǁͲŝƚͲ
ǁŽƌŬƐͬϮϬϮϬϬϮϮϬͬϮϴϮϵϭϴϬϵϮϰϲϳϯϲϬ
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĐŽƌĞ
ƐͲϮͬ
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƉŽŶ
ƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽͬ
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚƵĚŽƐĂůĂĚĞĂƵůĂ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϮ
ϭͬϬϰͬĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞͲĂƌƚĞͲĨŽƌŵĂƐͲ
ŐĞŽŵĂƚƌŝĐĂƐͲĂƌƚŝƐŝƚŝĐĂͲĂŶŽƐͲĨŝŶĂŝƐ͘Śƚŵů
● ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǀŝǀĂĚĞĐŽƌĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƉƌŽͬĐ
ŽƌĞƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƌŝĂƐͬ
● ƉŽƌƚĂůĚŽƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ͘ŵĞĐ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͲ
'KDdZ/͗ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽĂƌƚĞĐŽŵĂƐ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ
● ƉƌŽƚĂŐŽŶŝƐŵŽĚŝŐŝƚĂů͘ƐĞĚ͘ŵƐ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͲ
DĂƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂĞƌƚĞƉŽĚĞŵĐĂŵŝŶŚĂƌ
ũƵŶƚĂƐ͍
● Ɖƚ͘ŬŚĂŶĂĐĂĚĞŵǇ͘ŽƌŐͲZĞƚĂ;ĂƌƚŝŐŽͿͮ
ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂĂƌƚĞ
● Ɖƚ͘ƐůŝĚĞƐŚĂƌĞ͘ŶĞƚͲƐĨŽƌŵĂƐ
ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐŶĂƐĂƌƚĞƐͮWWd
● ƌŝĐĂƌĚŽŐƵĐŚŝ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͲ&ƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĚŽ
ĞƐĞŶŚŽ͗ŽŵŽĚĞƐĞŶŚĂƌƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ
ĐŽŝƐĂ
● ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͲdĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ͗
Ž ƋƵĞĠ͕ĞƐƚƵĚŽĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂĚĂƐĐŽƌĞƐ
● ƐŵĞ͘ŐŽŝĂŶŝĂ͘ŐŽ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͲƌƚĞ–&ŽƌŵĂƐ
– ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂƐƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ
● ƐƚƵĚŽĐƵ͘ĐŽŵͲZĞƐƵŵŽĞŝƚĂĕƁĞƐ͗
Η^ŝŶƚĂǆĞĚĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵǀŝƐƵĂůΗ
● ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͲŽƌĞƐWƌŝŵĄƌŝĂƐ
● ƚƵĚŽƐĂůĂĚĞĂƵůĂ͘ĐŽŵͲƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ

39
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z
hK&1^/
dĞŵĂͬKďũĞƚŽĚŽŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗
ĂŶĕĂƐͬĂŶĕĂƐĚĞ^ĂůĆŽ
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗
;'KͲ&ϴϵ&ϭϱͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ

;ƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ ŐĞƐƚŽƐ͕ ĐŽƌĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĂƐ Ğ ŵƷƐŝĐĂƐͿ ĚĂƐ
ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ǀŝǀĞŶĐŝĂĚĂƐ͕ ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ƐƵĂƐ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉŝǆĂďĂǇ͘ĐŽŵͬƉƚͬƉŚŽƚŽƐͬƚĂŶŐŽͲ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂƐ Ğ ŽƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ĚĞ ĚĂŶйϯйϳĂŶĚŽͲƐйϯйϯĐŝŽƐͲĚĂŶйϯйϳĂƌŝŶŽƐͲ
ϭϵϬϬϮϲͬ
ŽƌŝŐĞŵ͘
ĂŶĕĂ
;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϮϮͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ͕ ĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƌͲƐĞ Ğ
ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽͲ ŵƐƵŵĂ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĚŝǌĞƌƋƵĞĂĚĂŶĕĂĠ
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ͕ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ Ğ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ Ă ĂƌƚĞ ĚĞ ŵĞǆĞƌ Ž ĐŽƌƉŽ͕ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĞ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ĐŽŵġŶĨĂƐĞŶĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽ
ĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͘ ƵŵĂ ŚĂƌŵŽŶŝĂ ƉƌſƉƌŝĂ͘ ĚĂŶĕĂ ƉŽĚĞ
ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌĐŽŵŽƵƐĞŵŽƐŽŵĚĞƵŵĂŵƷƐŝĐĂ͕
KůĄ͕ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͕ƚƵĚŽďĞŵĐŽŵǀŽĐġƐ͍ƐƉĞƌŽƋƵĞ
Ğ ƐĞƵƐ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌ
ĞƐƚĞũĂŵďĞŵĞĂŶŝŵĂĚŽƐͬĂƐƉĂƌĂĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌĞŵ
ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ ƐŽŵ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ŽƵǀĞ͕ ŽƵ ĂƚĠ
Ƶŵ ƉŽƵĐŽ ŵĂŝƐ͘ ,ŽũĞ Ž ƚĞŵĂ ĚĂ ĂƵůĂ ƐĞƌĄ
ŵĞƐŵŽƐĞŵĞůĞ͘
ĚĂŶĕĂĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕ũĄŽƵǀŝƵĨĂůĂƌ͍sĂŵŽƐĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌ
ũƵŶƚŽƐĞũƵŶƚĂƐĞƐƐĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐƋƵĞĨĂǌĞŵƉĂƌƚĞ ,ŝƐƚſƌŝĂ
ĚĂŶŽƐƐĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂĞĚĂŶŽƐƐĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ŽƌĂůĄ͘
,ŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ĚĂŶĕĂ ĂĐŽŵƉĂŶŚŽƵ Ă
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŚƵŵĂŶŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞƐĚĞ ŽƐ ƚĞŵƉŽƐ
ƉƌŝŵŝƚŝǀŽƐ͕ƐĞŵƉƌĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂŶĚŽĞƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂŶĚŽ
ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚŽƐ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƐĞƵƐ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽƐ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂ Ă ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕĆŽĐŽƌƉŽƌĂůĚŽĞŵŽĐŝŽŶĂůŚƵŵĂŶŽ͘

40
Ɛ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĂƐ ĚĂ

ĚĂŶĕĂ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌĂŵ ĂŝŶĚĂ ŶĂ ƉƌĠͲŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕
ŶĞƐƐĞ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ŚŽŵĞŶƐ Ğ ŵƵůŚĞƌĞƐ ďĂƚŝĂŵ ŽƐ
ƉĠƐ ŶŽ ĐŚĆŽ͕ Ğ ĂŽƐ ƉŽƵĐŽƐ͕ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽ Ğ
ĚĂŶĚŽŵĂŝƐŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĚĂĚĞĂŽƐƐŽŶƐ͕ĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝŶĚŽ
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ ĐŽŶũƵŐĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ ƉĂƐƐŽƐ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ
ŵĆŽƐ͕ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂƐƉĂůŵĂƐ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƐĂŽďĞƌŶĂƌĚŽ͘ƐƉ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬǁĞďͬĐƵůƚƵƌĂͬĚĂŶĐ
ĂͲĂͲŽƌŝŐĞŵͲĚĂͲĚĂŶĐĂͲŝĂĐĞƐƐĂĚŽϮϯͬϬϰͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ĂŶĕĂĚĞ^ĂůĆŽ
ĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ ǀĂƐƚŽ ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ ĚĂŶĕĂ͕

ĞǆŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĚĞĨŝŶŝͲůĂ
ďĂƐŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ƚŽĚĂ ĚĂŶĕĂ ƐŽĐŝĂů͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ
ĚĂŶĕĂ Ă ĚŽŝƐ͘ EĞƐƐĞ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ĚĂŶĕĂ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŵ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŐĞŶŝĂů͘ĐŽŵͬŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂͲĚĂͲĚĂŶĐĂͲĂŽͲ
ůŽŶŐŽͲĚŽͲƚĞŵƉŽͬĂĐĞƐƐĂĚŽĞŵϮϯͬϬϰͬϮϬϮϯ͘ ǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ ŐĞƐƚŽƐ͕ ĐŽƌĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĂƐ Ğ
ŵƷƐŝĐĂƐ͘
ĂĚĂ ƉŽǀŽ Ğŵ ƐĞƵ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƵĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂĚŽĐŽƌƉŽŚƵŵĂŶŽ
ĞƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƐƐĞĐŽƌƉŽĚĞ
ĞǆƚƌĂǀĂƐĂƌƐƵĂƐĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ͕ƐƵĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽĐŽŶƐŝŐŽ
Ğ ĐŽŵ ĂͬŽ ŽƵƚƌŽͬĂ͕ Ğ ĂƚĠ ŵĞƐŵŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƐĞƌ
ƐƵƉƌĞŵŽ͘ ƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĞƐƐĂ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů
ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ ĚĂŶĕĂ͕ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƵ Ă ƐƵĂ ŝŶĨŝŶŝƚĂ
ĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ŵŽǀĞƌͲƐĞ͕ ĚĞ ĐƌŝĂƌ͕ ĚĞ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ ƐĞƵƐ ĚŽŵşŶŝŽƐ ŵŽƚŽƌĞƐ͕ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕
ĂĨĞƚŝǀŽƐĞĐŽŐŶŝƚŝǀŽƐ͕ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌĂŵͲƐĞĚĞůĂĐŽŵŽ
ƵŵŵĞŝŽĚĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĚĂƐƐƵĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂƌͲƐĞ͕ ĚĞ ĞĚƵĐĂƌͲƐĞ͕ ĚĞ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉŝǆĂďĂǇ͘ĐŽŵͬƉƚͬƉŚŽƚŽƐͬĚĂŶйϯйϳĂͲ
ĚŝƐƚŝŶŐƵŝƌͲƐĞĞĚĞĂƉƌŝŵŽƌĂƌͲƐĞ͕ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂŶĚŽ ĚĂŶйϯйϳĂͲĚĞͲƐĂůйϯйϯŽͲƉĂƌͲϯϲϳϵϮϯϲͬ ĂĐĞƐƐĂĚŽ
Ă ƚŽĚŽƐͬĂƐ ďƵƐĐĂƌĞŵ ŽƐ ĐĂŵŝŶŚŽƐ ĚĂ ƐƵĂ ϮϯͬϬϱͬϮϬϮϯ
ĂƵƚŽƌƌĞĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘
^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ ĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ
ĐĂƐĂŝƐ ƚŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐ ŶŽ ŝŶşĐŝŽ ĚŽ
ƐĠĐƵůŽy/y͕ĞŵďŽƌĂƚĞŶŚĂŵƐƵƌŐŝĚŽŶŽƐĠĐƵůŽ
y/s͕ĞĞǀŽůƵşĚŽŶŽƐƐĠĐƵůŽƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ;ĂƉĞŶĂƐ
ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐŶŽďƌĞƐͿ͘

41
ĞǀŝĚŽăƌŝƋƵĞǌĂĚĞƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ ^ĆŽĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽůĂƚŝŶĂƐ͗
ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ ůĂƚŝŶĂƐ ŽƵ
^D
ĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂƐ͘
WŽĚĞͲƐĞ ĚŝǌĞƌ ƋƵĞ ĚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ Ġ ƚŽĚĂ Ă

ĚĂŶĕĂƐŽĐŝĂů͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ƋƵĞƐĞĚĂŶĕĂĂĚŽŝƐ͘KƐ
ŵĂŝƐ ǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĞŶŐůŽďĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ
ĚĂŶĕĂĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͘
^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ ĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ĐĂƐĂŝƐ

ƚŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐŶŽŝŶşĐŝŽĚŽƐĠĐƵůŽy/y͕
ĞŵďŽƌĂ ƚĞŶŚĂŵ ƐƵƌŐŝĚŽ ŶŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ y/s͕ Ğ
ĞǀŽůƵşĚŽ ŶŽƐ ƐĠĐƵůŽƐ ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ ;ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ
ŽƐŶŽďƌĞƐͿ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉŝǆĂďĂǇ͘ĐŽŵͬƉƚͬƉŚŽƚŽƐͬƐĂŵďĂͲ
ĚĂŶйϯйϳĂƌŝŶŽͲƉĞƐƐŽĂƐͲďƌĂƐŝůͲϱϭϭϱϵͬ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ
ĚĂŶĕĂĚĞƐĂůĆŽĨŽŝŝŶƚƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂŶŽƌĂƐŝůĞŵ ϬϰͬϬϮͬϮϬϮϭ͘
ϭϵϭϰ͕ĂƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽĐŽŵĂǀĂůƐĂĞĂŵĂǌƵƌĐĂ͘
^ĂŵďĂ– ƐƵƌŐŝƵŶŽZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͕ĐŽŵ
KƐƌŝƚŵŽƐŵĂŝƐƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶŽƐƐĂůƁĞƐĚŽƌĂƐŝů͕ ďĂƐĞ ŶĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ ĂĨƌŝĐĂŶĂ͕ Ğŵ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ Ž
ĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ ŶĂƐ ĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĚĂŶĕĂ ƐĆŽ͗ ůƵŶĚƵ͕ ƵŵďŝŐĂĚĂƐ ;ƐĞŵďĂͿ Ğ ƉĞƌŶĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ
ƐŽůƚŝŶŚŽ͕ ĨŽƌƌſ͕ ƐĂŵďĂ ĚĞ ŐĂĨŝĞŝƌĂ͕ ƚĂŶŐŽ͕ ĐĂƉŽĞŝƌĂ͘
ďŽůĞƌŽĞƐĂůƐĂ͘
ZƵŵďĂ– ƐƵƌŐŝƵĞŵƵďĂ͕ůĞǀĂĚĂƉĞůŽƐ
ĞǀŝĚŽăƌŝƋƵĞǌĂĚĞƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŽƐĐŽŶƚƌĂďĂŶĚĞĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂƋƵĞůĞƉĂşƐ͘
ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ ůĂƚŝŶĂƐ ŽƵ
ĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂƐ͘
&ŽŶƚĞ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŝŶĨŽĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ĐŽŵͬĂƌƚĞƐͲ
ĐĞŶŝĐĂƐͬĚĂŶĐĂͲĚĞͲƐĂůĂŽͬηŐŽŽŐůĞͺǀŝŐŶĞƚƚĞ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ϮϯͬϬϰͬϮϬϮϯ͘

42
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŝƐƚŽĐŬƉŚŽƚŽ͘ĐŽŵͬďƌͬĨŽƚŽͬƉĂƌͲĚĞͲ
ĚĂŶйϯйϳĂͲůĂƚŝŶŽͲĚĂŶйϯйϳĂƌŝŶŽƐͲĚĞͲ
ƐĂůйϯйϯŽͲĚĞͲĨĞƐƚĂƐͲŐŵϱϬϵϵϮϴϲϯϮͲϴϲϬϰϭϭϳϭĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ϮϯͬϬϲͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ŚĂͲĐŚĂͲĐŚĂ–ůŝŐĂĚŽĂŽŵĂŵďŽ͕ŽĐŚĂͲ
ĐŚĂͲĐŚĂ Ġ ŽƌŝŐŝŶĄƌŝŽ ŶĂ ZƵŵďĂ͘ ^ƵƌŐŝƵ Ğŵ
ƵďĂ͘ WĂƐŽ Ͳ ĚŽďůĞ – ƐƵƌŐŝƵ ŶĂ ƐƉĂŶŚĂ͕ ƚĞŵ
ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂĐŽŵŽKŶĞͲ^ƚĞƉ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌ͘ĨƌĞĞƉŝŬ͘ĐŽŵͬĨŽƚŽƐͲ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŝƐƚŽĐŬƉŚŽƚŽ͘ĐŽŵͬďƌͬĨŽƚŽͬŚŽŵĞŵͲ
ƉƌĞŵŝƵŵͬĚĂŶĐĂƌŝŶŽƐͲĚŽͲũŽǀĞŵͲĐĂƐĂůͲĚĂŶĐĂŶĚŽͲĂͲ
ŵƵůŚĞƌͲĐĂƐĂůͲĚĞͲƐĂůйϯйϯŽͲƚĂŶŐŽͲĚĂŶйϯйϳĂͲ
ĚĂŶĐĂͲĚĞͲƐĂůĂŽͲĐŚĂͲĐŚĂͲĐŚĂͺϵϯϭϮϴϰϬ͘ŚƚŵĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ƐĂůƐĂͲĚĂŶйϯйϳĂͲƐŝůŚƵĞƚĂͲŐŵϴϮϮϳϰϬϵϯϮͲ
ϮϯͬϬϲͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ϭϯϯϭϬϯϳϳϱ͍ƵƚŵͺƐŽƵƌĐĞсƉŝǆĂďĂǇΘƵƚŵͺŵĞĚŝƵŵсĂĨĨŝůŝĂ
ƚĞΘƵƚŵͺĐĂŵƉĂŝŐŶс^ZWͺƉŚŽƚŽͺƐƉŽŶƐŽƌĞĚΘƵƚŵͺĐŽŶƚĞ ^ĆŽĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂƐ͗
ŶƚсŚƚƚƉƐйϯйϮ&йϮ&ƉŝǆĂďĂǇ͘ĐŽŵйϮ&ƉƚйϮ&ƉŚŽƚŽƐйϮ&
ƐĞĂƌĐŚйϮ&ƌƵŵďĂйϮ&ΘƵƚŵͺƚĞƌŵсƌƵŵďĂĂĐĞƐƐŽ dE'KZ'Ed/EK
ϮϯͬϬϰͬϮϬϮϯ͘
DĞƌĞŶŐƵĞ – Ġ Ă ĚĂŶĕĂ ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů ĚĂ

ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ŽŵŝŶŝĐĂŶĂ͕ ĞŵďŽƌĂ ƐĞũĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌ
Ğŵ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚĂ ŵĠƌŝĐĂ ĞŶƚƌĂů ;,Ăŝƚŝ Ğ
ŽƐƚĂ ZŝĐĂͿ Ğ ŵĠƌŝĐĂ ĚŽ ^Ƶů ;ŽůƀŵďŝĂ Ğ
sĞŶĞǌƵĞůĂͿ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďůŽŐ͘ŚƵƌď͘ĐŽŵͬƐŚŽǁͲĚĞͲƚĂŶŐŽͲ
ĞŵͲďƵĞŶŽƐͲĂŝƌĞƐͬĂĐĞƐƐŽ͗ϬϰͬϬϮͬϮϬϮϭ͘

43
dĂŶŐŽ– ƐƵƌŐŝƵŶĂƌŐĞŶƚŝŶĂ
sĂůƐĂsŝĞŶĞŶƐĞ– ƐƵƌŐŝƵŶĂƵƐƚƌŝĂ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƐĞƌĞŵŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŐůŽƐƐĂƌŝŽͬŽͲƋƵĞͲĞͲĂͲ
ǀĂůƐĂͬ ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϬϳͬϮϬϮϯ͘
sĂůƐĂ /ŶŐůĞƐĂ – ƵŵĂ ǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽ ŵĂŝƐ ůĞŶƚĂ ĚĂ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚĂŶǌĂĂĐĂĚĞŵǇ͘ĐŽŵͬƋƵŝĐŬƐƚĞƉͬ

ǀĂůƐĂǀŝĞŶĞŶƐĞ͘ ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϬϲͬϮϬϮϯ͘
^ůŽǁ&Žǆ– ƐƵƌŐŝƵĞŵEŽǀĂzŽƌŬ͕ĐŽŵďĂƐĞĞŵ
ŽƵƚƌŽƌŝƚŵŽ͕Ž&ŽǆƚƌŽƚĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƵŵĂĚĂƐ
ĚĂŶĕĂƐŵĂŝƐĚŝĨşĐĞŝƐ͘
ŽŵŽǀŝŵŽƐŶŽƚĞǆƚŽĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ͕ĂĚĂŶĕĂĞŽƐĞƵ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŶŽƐ ĂĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĂŵ ŚĄ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ Ğ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŵŽƐ ŶĞůĂ ƵŵĂ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ĚĞ
ŶŽƐ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌŵŽƐ͕ ĚĞ ĞǆƚƌĂǀĂƐĂƌ ŶŽƐƐĂƐ
ĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ͕ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂƌŵŽƐ͕ ĚĞ ŵŽƐƚƌĂƌ
ŶŽƐƐĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ Ğ ĐůĂƌŽ͕ ĚĞ
ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌŵĂŝƐƐŽďƌĞŶŽƐƐĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂĞƐŽďƌĞŶſƐ
ŵĞƐŵŽƐͬĂ͘ŵƐƵĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƋƵĂůĂĚĂŶĕĂŵĂŝƐ
ƉŽƉƵůĂƌ͍ ǆŝƐƚĞ ĚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ͍ ĞƐĐƌĞǀĂ Ž
ƋƵĞŵĂŝƐŐŽƐƚĂŶĞƐƐĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ͍
;Ϳ Ɛ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĐŽƌƉŽƌĂŝƐ ƋƵĞ

ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŶƐĚĂŶĐŝŶŐ͘ĐŽŵͬĚĂŶĐĞƐͲ ŶŽƐ ĂũƵĚĂŵ Ă ĞǆƚƌĂǀĂƐĂƌ ŶŽƐƐĂƐ ĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ͘
ǁĞͲƚĞĂĐŚͬďĂůůƌŽŽŵͲĚĂŶĐĞƐͬƐůŽǁͲĨŽǆƚƌŽƚͬ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĂƐ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞŶƚŝŵŽƐ
ϮϯͬϬϳͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌĂůĞŐƌŝĂ͘YƵĂŶĚŽĞƐƚĂŵŽƐ
YƵŝĐŬƐƚĞƉ – ƐƵƌŐŝƵ ŶŽƐ ƐƚĂĚŽƐ hŶŝĚŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵ ĂůĞŐƌĞƐ ŶĆŽ ƚĞŵŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĞƐĐŽŶĚĞƌ͕ ŶŽƐƐŽ
ďĂƐĞ ŶŽ &ŽǆƚƌŽƚ͘ ŵĂŝƐ ƌĄƉŝĚĂ Ğ ĨĄĐŝů ƋƵĞ Ž ĐŽƌƉŽŵŽƐƚƌĂĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚŽƐŶŽƐƐŽƐŐĞƐƚŽƐĞĂƚĠŽ
^ůŽǁ&Žǆ͘ ƌŝƚŵŽĚŽŶŽƐƐŽĐŽƌƉŽ͘sŽĐġũĄĚĂŶĕŽƵĂůŐƵŵĂ
ǀĞǌ͍YƵĂůĨŽŝĂĚĂŶĕĂ͍YƵĂŝƐĞŵŽĕƁĞƐƐĞŶƚŝƵ͍
ƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĞůĂĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƵĞǆƚƌĂǀĂƐĂƌĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ͍

44
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ dĞŵĂͬKďũĞƚŽ ĚŽ ŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂŶĕĂƐͬĂŶĕĂƐĚĞ^ĂůĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗
;Ϳ EĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ ĐŝƚĂĚĂƐ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϮϮͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ͕ ĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƌͲƐĞ Ğ
ƚĞŵŽƐ ĚƵĂƐ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ ;K ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽͲ
^ĂŵďĂĞŽdĂŶŐŽͿŽďƐĞƌǀĂŶĚŽĂƐĚƵĂƐŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ͕ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ Ğ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ
ƋƵĞĞŵŽĕƁĞƐĞůĂƐĚĞƐƉĞƌƚĂŵĞŵǀŽĐġ͍ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ĐŽŵġŶĨĂƐĞŶĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ
ĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞƐƚĞũĂŵďĞŵĞĂŶŝŵĂĚŽƐͬĂƐƉĂƌĂĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌĞŵ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ Ƶŵ ƉŽƵĐŽ ŵĂŝƐ͘ ,ŽũĞ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂƌĞŵŽƐ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶĚŽ ĚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ͕ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ƋƵĞ
ĨĂǌĞŵ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ Ğ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ŽƌĂůĄ͘
^h'^dK WZd/͗ ^Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĨĂĕĂ ƵŵĂ

ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂŶŽzŽƵƚƵďĞƐŽďƌĞĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕
ŽďƐĞƌǀĞ Ğŵ ĐĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ ĚĞůĂƐ͗ Ă ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂ͕ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĚĂŶĐĂŶĚŽŶĂůƵĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĚĂŶĐĂƐͲĚĞͲ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĚĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂ͕ǀĂůŽƌĞƐĞƐĞƵƐŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ͘
ƐĂůĂŽͬĚĂŶĐĂƐͲĚĞͲƐĂůĂŽͬĚĂŶĐĂͲĚĞͲƐĂůĂŽͲĚĂͲƚĞƌĐĞŝƌĂͲ
ŝĚĂĚĞͬĚĂŶĐĂͲĚĞͲƐĂůĂŽͲďŽůĞƌŽͲƌŝŽͲŐƌĂŶĚĞͲĚŽͲƐƵů ĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ϮϯͬϬϳͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽĞƐƵĂĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ
ŽŵŽ ǀŝŵŽƐ ŶĂ ĂƵůĂ ƉĂƐƐĂĚĂ͕ ĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ

ƐĂůĆŽƐĆŽĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽŐĞƐƚƵĂůĚŽƐĞƌ
ŚƵŵĂŶŽ͘ ƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĞƐƐĂ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ ŶĆŽ
ƚĠĂƉƌſǆŝŵĂĂƵůĂ͊͊͊
ǀĞƌďĂůƉŽĚĞŵŽƐƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚĞ
ƵŵƉŽǀŽĞƐĞƵƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͘DĞƐŵŽƐĞƵŵ
ƌŝƚŵŽƐĞũĂŽƌŝŐŝŶĄƌŝŽĚĞŽƵƚƌĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂĞůĞƉŽĚĞ
ƐĞƌĚŝĨƵŶĚŝĚŽĞĂĐĞŝƚŽĞŵŽƵƚƌĂƐ͘WŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕

45
ĂĚĂŶĕĂĚĞƐĂůĆŽƐƵƌŐŝƵŶĂƵƌŽƉĂ͕ŶĂĠƉŽĐĂĚŽ
ZĞŶĂƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƉĞůŽ ŵĞŶŽƐ ĚĞƐĚĞ ŽƐ ƐĠĐƵůŽƐ
ysĞys/͘:ĄŽ&Žƌƌſ͕ƋƵĞƚĂŵďĠŵĠƵŵĂĚĂŶĕĂ
ĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕ƐƵƌŐĞŶŽƌĂƐŝůŶŽƐĠĐƵůŽy/y͘EĞƐƐĂƐ
ĚƵĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ă
ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂ͕ǀĞƐƚŝŵĞŶƚĂƐĞƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ͕ǀĄƌŝŽƐĚĞƐĞũŽƐ
ŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ͕ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ Ğ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞƐŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂƐ͘
Ɛ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ ƐĆŽ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĚĂƐ͕

ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ͕ ƉŽƌ ƐƵĂ ĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͖ Ġ ƵŵĂ
ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂĐŽƌƉŽƌĂůƋƵĞǀĂŝŵƵŝƚŽĂůĠŵĚĂƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ
ĞƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ͕ŶĞůĂƉĞƌĐĞďĞŵŽƐĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ
ĞƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂƐ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŶŽǀĂͲĞƐĐŽůĂͲ
ƉƌŽĚƵĐĂŽ͘Ɛϯ͘ĂŵĂǌŽŶĂǁƐ͘ĐŽŵͬϳ'sŐϵWƉĐ:t&ttƋ
zǌŬǀũũϵtϰt<Ě:'ϱϲŶEϮĞǀĞĚĂƵsyƐZǆϮǀtsǌĂϮZƋĐͬŶ
ĞϮϴϴͲƐĂůĂͲĚĞͲĂƵůĂͲĂƌƚĞͲŝůƵƐƚƌĂĐĂŽͲϮͲ
Ϯ͘ƉŶŐйϯ&ŝƚŽŬйϯͺĞĨ^ϵũ:Ϭ ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϬϴͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ZĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐ͗
ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͕ ƋƵĞ ǀŝŵŽƐ ŶĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ

ĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕ƐĆŽƌĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĂƐŶŽƐŐĞƐƚŽƐ͕ŶĂĨŽƌŵĂ
ĚĞ ƐĞ ǀĞƐƚŝƌ͕ ŶĂƐ ŵƷƐŝĐĂƐ͘ YƵĂŶĚŽ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ
ĞŶƚƌĂŵ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚĂƚŽ ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕĆŽ
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ ĚĂ ƐƵĂ͕ ƉŽĚĞŵ ůĞǀĂƌ ƚĂů
ĐŽƐƚƵŵĞ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ͕ ŵŝƐƚƵƌĂŶĚŽ͕
ĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ Ğ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ Ă ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ ũĄ
ƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĞƐƐĂƐ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ͘ EĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ĂďĂŝǆŽ ƚĞŵŽƐ ă ƵŵĂ
ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌĂĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĞƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ ĚĂŶĕĂĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂĞĚĞƉŽŝƐŽĨŽƌƌſ͕ƵŵĂĚĂŶĕĂƚĆŽ
ƋƵĞ͕ ĂƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ ĞǆŝƐƚŝƌĞŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ Ğ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌ Ğŵ ŶŽƐƐŽ ƉĂşƐ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĂŶĚŽ Ğ
ĂĚĂƉƚĂĕƁĞƐĞŶƚƌĞĞůĂƐ͕ǀĞŵŽƐŶŽƐƐŽƉĂƐƐĂĚŽĞ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂŶĚŽƐŽďƌĞĞƐƐĂƐĚƵĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ͕ ŶſƐ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŵŽƐ͕ ŶŽƐ ƐĞŶƚŝŵŽƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ͗
ƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞŶƚĞƐĂƵŵůƵŐĂƌ͕ƵŵƉŽǀŽ͕ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĞ
ŶŽƐƐĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ͘ Ž ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ŶŽǀĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ
ŶŽǀĂƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵĞĕĂŵŽƐ Ă ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ĂƐ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ͕ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ Ă ƌŝƋƵĞǌĂ ĚĂ
ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞŶĚŽ ƐŽďƌĞ ŽͬĂ ŽƵƚƌŽͬĂ Ğ
ƐŽďƌĞŶſƐŵĞƐŵŽƐͬĂƐ͘

46
;ͿŵƐƵĂƌĞŐŝĆŽ͕ƋƵĂŝƐƐĆŽĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐƚşƉŝĐĂƐ
ŵĂŝƐƉƌĂƚŝĐĂĚĂƐ͍ŝƚĞƉĞůŽŵĞŶŽƐƵŵĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͘
ĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ Ġ ƚĞŵĂ ĚĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ

YƵŝƌŝŶſƉŽůŝƐ
KƚĞĂƚƌŽŵƵŶŝĐŝƉĂůdĞŽƚƀŶŝŽsŝůĞůĂĚĞǀĞ
ƐĞĚŝĂƌ͕ĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂƐϭϵŚŽƌĂƐĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĂƌƚĂͲĨĞŝƌĂ͕
ϰ͕ŽϭϱǑƐƉĞƚĄĐƵůŽĚĞĂŶĕĂ͕ĞŵYƵŝƌŝŶſƉŽůŝƐ͘
K ĞǀĞŶƚŽ Ġ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĚŽ Ğ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽƐ
ĂĐĂĚġŵŝĐŽƐ ĚŽ ƵƌƐŽ ĚĞ ĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ &şƐŝĐĂ ĚĂ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ hŶŝĚĂĚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚĄƌŝĂĚĂh'ĚĞYƵŝƌŝŶſƉŽůŝƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŚĞƚƵŶĞĚŝŶĂĐĂĚĞŵǇ͘ŽƌŐͬƌĞĚĞƐŝŐŶϮϬϭϰͬǁ
ƉͲĐŽŶƚĞŶƚͬƵƉůŽĂĚƐͬϮϬϭϵͬϭϭͬƌƚŝĐůĞͲdŚĞͲůĞŐĂŶƚͲtĂůƚǌͲ
Ğ ĨĂǌ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂƐ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĚĂ ĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂ
tĂƐͲKŶĐĞͲsŝĞŶŶĂƐͲ&ŽƌďŝĚĚĞŶͲĂŶĐĞ͘ũƉŐ “Dança”.
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĞƐ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬEŽƚŝĐŝĂͬĨŽƌƌŽͲ
ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞƌͲƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽͲĐŽŵŽͲƉĂƚƌŝŵŽŶŝŽͲĐƵůƚƵƌĂůͲĚŽͲ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĠĂŶƵĂůĞ͕ŶĞƐƚĂĞĚŝĕĆŽ͕
ďƌĂƐŝů͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϭͬϬϮͬϮϬϮϬ͘ ĂŵŽĚĂůŝĚĂĚĞĞƐĐŽůŚŝĚĂƉĞůŽƐĂůƵŶŽƐĠĂĂŶĕĂ
ĚĞ^ĂůĆŽ͘^ĞŐƵŶĚŽĂĂĐĂĚġŵŝĐĂDŽŶŝŬĞsŝĞŝƌĂ
ĚĞ &ƌĞŝƚĂƐ͕ ŽƐ ĂůƵŶŽƐ ŽƉƚĂƌĂŵ ƉŽƌ Ăďƌŝƌ Ž
ĞǀĞŶƚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă sĂůƐĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ŝŶƐĞƌĞ ŶĂ
;Ϳ YƵĂŝƐ ĂƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ ŵŽĚĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂ͘

ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ ǀŽĐġ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌ ŶĞƐƐĂƐ
ĚƵĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ĞƋƵĂŝƐŽƐĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽƐ EŽ ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞƌ ĚŽ ĞƐƉĞƚĄĐƵůŽ ĞƐƚĆŽ
ĞĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐĐĂĚĂƵŵĂĚĞůĂƐĐĂƌƌĞŐĂ͍ ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵĂĚĂƐ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ ĐŽŵ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ enfoque nos anos 1960. “Escolhemos o tema
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ΖĂŶĕĂĚĞ^ĂůĆŽΖƉŽƌƋƵĞĠŵƵŝƚŽĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽ͕
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĨĄĐŝů ĚĞ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂƌ Ğ ƋƵĞ ĂŐƌĂĚĂ Ă ƚŽĚŽƐ͘ EſƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞƐƉĞƌĂŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ă ĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ ƋƵŝƌŝŶŽƉŽůŝŶĂ͕
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚĞ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ŝĚĂĚĞƐ͕ ǀĞŶŚĂ ĂƐƐŝƐƚŝƌ ĂŽ ϭϱǑ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƐƉĞƚĄĐƵůŽ ĚĞ ĂŶĕĂ ĚĂ h' YƵŝƌŝŶſƉŽůŝƐΗ͕

ĐŽŶǀŝĚĂĂĂĐĂĚġŵŝĐĂ͘

47
;DŽĞŵĂ ZŝďĞŝƌŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĂ

ƐƐĞƐƐŽƌŝĂ ĚĞ ŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ hŶh
YƵŝƌŝŶſƉŽůŝƐͿ
EŽƚşĐŝĂƉƵďůŝĐĂĚĂĞŵϬϰͬϭϮͬϮϬϭϯ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƵĞŐ͘ďƌͬŶŽƚŝĐŝĂͬϭϲϭϳϴ

ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϬϵͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉĂŝǆĂŽƉĞůĂĚĂŶĐĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬϯͲĐƵƌŝŽƐŝĚĂĚĞƐͲ
ƐŽďƌĞͲĂͲĚĂŶĐĂͲĚĞͲĨŽƌƌŽͬ ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϴͬϭϬͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽĞĂƐƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ
ƚĠĂƉƌſǆŝŵĂĂƵůĂ͊͊͊͊
ŽŵŽǀŝŵŽƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ
ƚġŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĚŝƌĞƚĂĐŽŵĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂŶĂƋƵĂůĞƐƚĄ
ŝŶƐĞƌŝĚĂ͘ ƋƵŝ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ũĄ
ĞǆŝƐƚŝĂŵ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĂ ĐŚĞŐĂĚĂ ĚĂ
ĚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĞŶƌŝƋƵĞĐĞƌĂŵ͕ ĚĞƌĂŵ
d/s/hK&1^/ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ Ă ŶŽǀŽƐ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ͕ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ Ğ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ Ă
ĞƐƐĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ͘
dĞŵĂͬKďũĞƚŽ ĚŽ ŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗
ĂŶĕĂƐͬĂŶĕĂƐĚĞ^ĂůĆŽ ĚĂŶĕĂĚĞƐĂůĆŽĂƋƵŝƌĞĐĞďĞƵŵƵŝƚĂƐ
ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚŽƐ ƉŽǀŽƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͕ ĂĨƌŝĐĂŶŽƐ͕
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĚĂŶĕĂƌ͕ ŶŽǀĂƐ ďĞůĞǌĂƐ͘ K
ŶŽƐƐŽ ƐĂŵďĂ Ġ Ƶŵ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ ĚŝƐƐŽ͖ ĞůĞ ƚĞŵ
;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϮϮͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ͕ ĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƌͲƐĞ Ğ
ŽƌŝŐĞŵĂĨƌŽͲďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ ĞĠ ƵŵĂĚĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ
ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽͲ
ƐĂůĆŽŵĂŝƐƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƐŶŽŵƵŶĚŽ͘
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ͕ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ Ğ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ĐŽŵġŶĨĂƐĞŶĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĞƐĚĞ ƐĞƵ ƐƵƌŐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŶĂ ƵƌŽƉĂ͕ Ă
ĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͘ ĚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ ǀĞŵ ƐĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ Ğ
ƌĞƐƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ͘ hŵĂ ĚĂŶĕĂ ƋƵĞ ŶŽ ŝŶşĐŝŽ
ƚŝŶŚĂ ƵŵĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ƌŝŐŝĚĞǌ͕ ǀŝŶĚŽ ĂŽ
ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌŽĚĞŽƵƚƌĂƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ͕ƌĞĐĞďĞŶĚŽŶŽǀŽƐ
Ƶŵ ƉŽƵĐŽ ŵĂŝƐ͘ ,ŽũĞ Ž ƚĞŵĂ ĚĂ ĂƵůĂ ƐĞƌĄ
ƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ ĐŽƌĞƐ͕ ĨŽŝ ƌĞƐƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ ă ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ
ĚĂŶĕĂĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕ũĄŽƵǀŝƵĨĂůĂƌ͍sĂŵŽƐĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌ
ůŽĐĂůĞăƐŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞƐŚƵŵĂŶĂƐ͘
ũƵŶƚŽƐĞũƵŶƚĂƐĞƐƐĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐƋƵĞĨĂǌĞŵƉĂƌƚĞ
ĚĂŶŽƐƐĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂĞĚĂŶŽƐƐĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ŽƌĂůĄ͘

48
• >ĂŵďĂĚĂ
• &Žƌƌſ
• DĂǆŝǆĞ
ĂŶĕĂƐ>ĂƚŝŶĂƐ͗
• ƵŵďŝĂ
• DŝůŽŶŐĂ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ • dĂŶŐŽƌŐĞŶƚŝŶŽ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĂƉŚĐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬϮϬϭϳͬϭϭͬϭϲͬŽĨŝĐŝŶĂͲĚĞͲ
ĚĂŶĐĂƐͲĐŝƌĐƵůĂƌĞƐͲŵĞĚŝĞǀĂŝƐͲĞͲĐĞůƚĂƐͬ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ • ŽůĞƌŽ
ϮϴͬϬϵͬϮϬϮϯ͘
• ŚĂͲĐŚĂͲĐŚĄ
ĂĚĂ ƉŽǀŽ ƚƌĂǌ ĐŽŶƐŝŐŽ ƐĞƵƐ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ͕
ĐŽƐƚƵŵĞƐ͕ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌͲƐĞ Ğ ƌĞƉĂƐƐĂƌ • ^ĂůƐĂ
ƐĞƵƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘ŽůŚĂƋƵĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞ͕ • DĞƌĞŶŐƵĞ
ƵŵĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂŵƵŝƚŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƉŽƌŶſƐ͕ƋƵĞĠĂ
coreografia, vem do Grego KHOREIA, “dança”, ĂŶĕĂƐĞŵŽƵƚƌŽƐWĂşƐĞƐ͗
mais GRAPHEIN, “registrar, escrever”.
• WŽůĐĂ
ƐĐƌĞǀĞŵŽƐ Ğ ƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂŵŽƐ ƋƵĞŵ ƐŽŵŽƐ
ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚŽŶŽƐƐŽĐŽƌƉŽ͘ • sĂůƐĂ
• &ůĂŵĞŶĐŽ
• ŽƵŬ
• >ŝŶĚǇ,ŽƉ
• ŚĂƌůĞƐƚŽŶ
ZĞƐƉŽŶĚĂĂƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ͗
;Ϳ ŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ ĐŝƚĂĚĂƐ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ

ĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ͕ ĞƐĐŽůŚĂ ƉĞůŽ ŵĞŶŽƐ ƵŵĂ ĚĞ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ
ďĂŝǆŽ ƚĞŵŽƐ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ ĚĞ ůĂƚŝŶĂ͕ƵŵĂĚĞŽƌŝŐĞŵďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂĞƵŵĂĚĞĐŽŵ
ŽƌŝŐĞŵĞŵŽƵƚƌŽƐƉĂşƐĞƐ͕ĨĂĕĂƵŵĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĞ
ĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽƋƵĞ ĨŽƌĂŵ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ
ĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ ĂƐ ŽƌŝŐĞŶƐ Ğ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ
ŶĞƐƐĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͗
ĐĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ ĚĞůĂƐ͕ ƐƵĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ Ğ
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ ŐĞƐƚŽƐ͕
ĂŶĕĂƐƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂƐĚĞ^ĂůĆŽ͗
ĐŽƌĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĂƐĞŵƷƐŝĐĂƐ͘
• ^ĂŵďĂĚĞ'ĂĨŝĞŝƌĂ

49
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ dĞŵĂͬKďũĞƚŽ ĚŽ ŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂŶĕĂƐͬĂŶĕĂƐĚĞ^ĂůĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗
;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϭϮͿ WƌĂƚŝĐĂƌ͕ ĨƌƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞĐƌŝĂƌ ĂƐ

ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ ƉƌŝŽƌŝǌĂŶĚŽ ĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ
ƐĂůĆŽ͕ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ă ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů Ğ
ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂŶĚŽĂƚƌĂĚŝĕĆŽĚĞƐƐĂƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ͘
^h'^dK WZd/͗ ^Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĨĂĕĂ ŵĂŝƐ ;'KͲ&ϴϵ&ϭϰͿ ŝƐĐƵƚŝƌ ĞƐƚĞƌĞſƚŝƉŽƐ Ğ

ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŶŽzŽƵƚƵďĞƐŽďƌĞĂƐĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐ ƉƌĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ ƌĞůĂƚŝǀŽƐ ăƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ ĚĞŵĂŝƐ
ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ͕ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞ Ğŵ ĐĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ ĚĞůĂƐ͗ Ă ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĐŽƌƉŽƌĂŝƐ Ğ ƉƌŽƉŽƌ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂ͕ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ͕ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ Ğ ƐĞƵƐ ƐƵĂƐƵƉĞƌĂĕĆŽ͘
ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ͘
;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϭϱͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ǀŝǀĞŶĐŝĂĚĂƐ͕ ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ƐƵĂƐ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂƐ Ğ ŽƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ĚĞ
ŽƌŝŐĞŵ͘
Ƶŵ ƉŽƵĐŽ ŵĂŝƐ͘ ,ŽũĞ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂƌĞŵŽƐ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶĚŽ ĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ͕ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ
ƋƵĞ ĨĂǌĞŵ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ Ğ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌ͘ĨƌĞĞƉŝŬ͘ĐŽŵͬĨŽƚŽƐͲǀĞƚŽƌĞƐͲ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ŽƌĂůĄ͘
ŐƌĂƚŝƐͬƐĂŵďĂͲďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽͬϭϮĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϬϵͬϮϬϮϯ͘

50
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚĞƌƌĂǀŝƐƚĂďƌĂƐŝů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŵĂǆŝǆĞͬ

ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϴͬϬϵͬϮϬϮϯ͘
K ŵĂǆŝǆĞ ƐƵƌŐŝƵ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ĐŽŵŽ ĚĂŶĕĂ

ƉŽƌƋƵĞŶĂǀĞƌĚĂĚĞƐƵĂĞǆĞĐƵĕĆŽĐŽƌĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐĂ
ĞƐƚĂǀĂ Ă ƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽ ĐŽŶĚŝĐŝŽŶĂĚĂ ăƐ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ
ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ƉŽůĐĂ͕ Ă ŚĂďĂŶĞƌĂ͕ Ž
ůƵŶĚƵ Ğ ƉŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ Ž ƚĂŶŐŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ
;ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽĐŽŵŽƚĂŶƋƵŝŶŚŽͿ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ĂĚĂŶĕĂ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ĨŽŝĨŽƌŵĂĚĂĂƐƐŝŵŝůĂŶĚŽĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐƌşƚŵŝĐŽƐĞ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂŶƚĞƌĂĐŽŵ͘ǁŽƌĚƉƌĞƐƐ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϮϬͬϬϵͬϭϲͬŚŝƐƚŽƌŝ
ŵĞůſĚŝĐŽƐ ĚĞ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ͘ ůŐƵŵ ƚĞŵƉŽ
ĂͲĚĂͲĚĂŶĐĂͲƉĂƌƚĞͲϮͲĚĂŶĐĂͲŶĂͲŝĚĂĚĞͲŵĞĚŝĂͬĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ϬϳͬϬϯͬϮϬϮϭ
ĚĞƉŽŝƐ͕ƉŽƌǀŽůƚĂĚĞϭϵϬϮĂϭϵϬϯ͕ƐƵƌŐŝƌĂŵĂƐ
ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐ ƉĂƌƚŝƚƵƌĂƐ Ă ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌĞŵ Ž ŶŽŵĞ
Conhecendo o Maxixe “Tango Brasileiro”: ŵĂǆŝǆĞĐŽŵŽŐġŶĞƌŽŵƵƐŝĐĂů͘
K ƋƵĞ Ġ Ž ŵĂǆŝǆĞ͍ ŽŵŽ ǀŝŵŽƐ ŶĂƐ

ĂƵůĂƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͕ĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽŽƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ
ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ ;ĚĂŶĕĂĚĂƐ Ă ĚŽŝƐͿ ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĨŽƌĂŵĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽͲƐĞĞĂĚĂƉƚĂŶĚŽͲ
ƐĞ ăƐ ƚƌĂĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ ƉŽƌ ŽŶĚĞƉĂƐƐĂǀĂ͘ K
DĂǆŝǆĞ͕ ĚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ ĞƐƚĞǀĞ ŶĂ
ŵŽĚĂ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ž Ĩŝŵ ĚŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ y/y Ğ Ž ŝŶşĐŝŽ ĚŽ
ƐĠĐƵůŽyy͘ƐƐĂĚĂŶĕĂƐƵƌŐŝƵŶŽZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ
Ğ ƚĞǀĞ ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ ƚĂŶŐŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ŶĂ ŵĞƐŵĂ
ĠƉŽĐĂĚĞƐƉŽŶƚĂǀĂŶĂƌŐĞŶƚŝŶĂĞhƌƵŐƵĂŝ͘WŽƌ
conta disso, apelidaram o maxixe de “tango ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚĞƌƌĂǀŝƐƚĂďƌĂƐŝů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŵĂǆŝǆĞͬ
ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϴͬϬϵͬϮϬϮϯ͘
brasileiro”. Alguns passos foram absorvidos
ƉĞůŽ ƐĂŵďĂ͖ Ž ŐġŶĞƌŽ ƐĞ ŵĂŶƚĠŵ ĂƚĠ ŚŽũĞ ůŐƵŵĂƐŚŝƉſƚĞƐĞƐůĞǀĂŵĂĐƌĞƌƋƵĞŽ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞŶĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂĚŽƉĂşƐ͘ DĂǆŝǆĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƚĞƌ ƚŝĚŽ ƐƵĂ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ŶŽƐ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ
ĂĨƌŝĐĂŶŽƐ͘WŽƌƐĞƌƵŵĂĚĂŶĕĂĚĞĐĂƌĄƚĞƌƚĂŶƚŽ
ůƷĚŝĐŽ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ƐĞŶƐƵĂů͕ ƚĞŵ ƐƵĂ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ŶŽ
ďĂƚƵƋƵĞ ĞƐƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ͘ ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ
ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĂƌĚĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ ĂĨƌŝĐĂŶŽ ŶĞƐƐĂ
ĚĂŶĕĂ ůŚĞ ĞŵƉƌĞƐƚĂ Ƶŵ ƋƵġ ĚĞ ƐĞŶƐƵĂůŝƐŵŽ͕

51
ŵŽƚŝǀŽƉĞůŽƋƵĂůĨŽŝĞǆĐůƵşĚĂĚŽƌĞƉĞƌƚſƌŝŽĚĂƐ dĞǆƚŽ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽ Ͳ &ŽŶƚĞ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͗

ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ͘ Ž ƐĂŵďĂ͕ ĚĞ ĞƐƚŝůŽ ŚƚƚƉ͗ͬͬďĂƐŝůŝŽ͘ĨƵŶĚĂũ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĞƐĐŽůĂƌͬŝŶĚĞǆ͘
ĐŽƌĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽŵĞŶŽƐĞǆĐŝƚĂŶƚĞ͕ƉĂƐƐŽƵĂŽĐƵƉĂƌ ƉŚƉ͍ŽƉƚŝŽŶсĐŽŵͺĐŽŶƚĞŶƚΘǀŝĞǁсĂƌƚŝĐůĞΘŝĚсϭϭϮ
ϴйϯŵĂǆŝǆĞͲŽͲƚĂŶŐŽͲďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽΘĐĂƚŝĚсϰϴйϯůĞƚƌĂͲ
Ž ƐĞƵůƵŐĂƌ͘
ŵΘ/ƚĞŵŝĚсϭ͘
K ǀşĚĞŽ ŵŽƐƚƌĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ž DĂǆŝǆĞ Ġ ĚĂŶĕĂĚŽ͕

ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐƐŝƐƚŝƌ ĐůŝĐŬ ŶŽ ůŝŶŬ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсƋϳϴYϰ
ϳŝWͺŽ
ZĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ͗
;Ϳ ĞƉŽŝƐ ĚĞ ĂƐƐŝƐƚŝƌ ĂŽ ǀşĚĞŽ͕ ƋƵĂŝƐ ŽƐ

ŐĞƐƚŽƐƋƵĞƚĞĐŚĂŵĂƌĂŵĂĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ͍ŽƌŝƚŵŽ
ĚĞƐƐĂ ĚĂŶĕĂ͍ >ĞŵďƌĂ ĂůŐƵŵĂ ŽƵƚƌĂ ĚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ
ƐĂůĆŽ͍
ŚƚƚƉ͗ͬͬďĂƐŝůŝŽ͘ĨƵŶĚĂũ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĞƐĐŽůĂƌͬŝŶĚĞǆ͘ƉŚƉ
͍ŽƉƚŝŽŶсĐŽŵͺĐŽŶƚĞŶƚΘǀŝĞǁсĂƌƚŝĐůĞΘŝĚсϭϭϮϴйϯŵĂǆŝ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ǆĞͲŽͲƚĂŶŐŽͲďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽΘĐĂƚŝĚсϰϴйϯůĞƚƌĂͲŵΘ/ƚĞŵŝĚсϭ
ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϬϰͬϮϬϮϯ͘
KDĂǆŝǆĞĨŽŝĂůǀŽĚĞƉƌĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐƉŽƌ
ďŽĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ƋƵĞ Ă ũƵůŐĂǀĂ
“indecente”, o que ŵŽƚŝǀŽƵ Ž ĂƉĞůŝĚŽ ΗƚĂŶŐŽ
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽΗ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐ ĨŽƐƐĞŵ
ĂĐĞŝƚĂƐ͘ K ƉƌĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ĚĂŶĕĂ ĨĞǌ ĐŽŵ
ƋƵĞ Ž ŵĂǆŝǆĞ ƐĞ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌŝǌĂƐƐĞ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ Ğŵ
ĂůŐƵŶƐůƵŐĂƌĞƐ͘^ĞŶĚŽĂƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂĚĂŶĕĂƵƌďĂŶĂ
ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ĞƌĂĚĂŶĕĂĚŽŶŽ ZŝŽ ĚĞ :ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͕ ƉŽƌ
ǀŽůƚĂ ĚĞϭϴϳϱ͕Ğŵ ůŽĐĂŝƐ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ĂƚĞŶĚŝĂŵ ă
ŵŽƌĂůĞĂŽƐďŽŶƐĐŽƐƚƵŵĞƐĚĂĠƉŽĐĂ͘

52
^h'^dK WZd/͗ ^Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĨĂĕĂ ŵĂŝƐ

ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŶŽzŽƵƚƵďĞƐŽďƌĞŽDĂǆŝǆĞ͘KďƐĞƌǀĞ ƚĠĂƉƌſǆŝŵĂĂƵůĂ͊͊͊
ĂĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂ͕ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĚĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂ͕ǀĂůŽƌĞƐĞƐĞƵƐ
ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ͘
;Ϳ WĂƌĂ Ă ĠƉŽĐĂ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ǀŝŵŽƐ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ Ă

ĚĂŶĕĂŵŽƐƚƌĂǀĂƐĞŶƐƵĂůŝƐŵŽĞƐſƉŽĚĞƌŝĂƐĞƌ
ƉƌĂƚŝĐĂĚĂĞŵůŽĐĂŝƐƋƵĞŶĆŽĂƚĞŶĚŝĂŵăŵŽƌĂů
ĞĂŽƐďŽŶƐĐŽƐƚƵŵĞƐ͘ŽŵŽǀŽĐġĂǀĂůŝĂƌŝĂĞƐƐĂ
ĂŶĕĂƐͬĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͘
ĚĂŶĕĂĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͍,ĂǀŝĂƵŵƉƌĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽĐŽŵ
ŽƐ ŐĞƐƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƚŝĚŽƐ ŶĂ ĚĂŶĕĂ͍ sŽĐġ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞ ,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗
ĂůŐƵŵĂ ĚĂŶĕĂ ƋƵĞ ĂŝŶĚĂ ƐŽĨƌĞ ƉƌĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ
;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϭϮͿ WƌĂƚŝĐĂƌ͕ ĨƌƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞĐƌŝĂƌ ĂƐ
ĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͍ƉŽƌƋƵġ͍ŽŵĞŶƚĞ͗
ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ ƉƌŝŽƌŝǌĂŶĚŽ ĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƐĂůĆŽ͕ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ă ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů Ğ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂŶĚŽĂƚƌĂĚŝĕĆŽĚĞƐƐĂƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϭϱͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ

ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;ƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ ŐĞƐƚŽƐ͕ ĐŽƌĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĂƐ Ğ ŵƷƐŝĐĂƐͿ ĚĂƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ͘
;Ϳ YƵĂůĂŽƌŝŐĞŵĚŽŵĂǆŝǆĞĞƋƵĂůĚĂŶĕĂ
ƚĞǀĞŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂĞŵƐƵĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ͍
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶĚŽĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕ĞƐƐĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐƋƵĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĨĂǌĞŵ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ Ğ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ŽƌĂůĄ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƵŵĂĚĂŶĕĂĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽƋƵĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂ Ğŵ ƐĞƵƐ
ŐĞƐƚŽƐ Ž ŚŽŵĞŵ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶĚƵǌ Ă ŵƵůŚĞƌ
ĂĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĂĚŽƉŽƌƵŵƌŝƚŵŽĂĐĞůĞƌĂĚŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƐĂŵďĂͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ϬϳͬϬϯͬϮϬϮϭ͘

53
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ Śƚƚ

ƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƐĂŵďĂͬ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ
ϬϳͬϬϯͬϮϬϮϭ͘
^ĞƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ĨĂĕĂƵŵĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŽďƌĞŽƐĂŵďĂ
ĚĞŐĂĨŝĞŝƌĂŽƵĂƐƐŝƐƚĂĂŽƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞǀşĚĞŽŶŽůŝŶŬ
ĂďĂŝǆŽ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĞƐĐŽůĂĂƌƚĞĚĂŶĐĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŽͲƐĂŵďĂͲĚĞͲ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀс&ǆǁYϲǇƐͺYǁ
ŐĂĨŝĞŝƌĂͲĞͲƐĞƵƐͲƐŽƚĂƋƵĞƐ ĂĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϬϴͬϬϯͬϮϬϮϭ
K^ĂŵďĂĚĞ'ĂĨŝĞŝƌĂ
ŽŵŽ ǀŝŵŽƐ ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚĞ ŶŽƐƐŽƐ

ĞƐƚƵĚŽƐ͕ĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽǀĆŽĂĚĂƉƚĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ
ƉſƐĂƐƐŝƐƚŝƌĂŽǀşĚĞŽŽƵƚĞƌĨĞŝƚŽĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͕
ĞƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ͕ĐůĂƌŽ͕ĞŵĚĞĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂĚĂ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ͗
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂĞĚŽĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽĚĞĐĂĚĂĠƉŽĐĂ͘
;Ϳ YƵĂŝƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƷŶŝĐŽƐ ĐŽŶƚŝĚŽƐ ŶŽ
K ƐĂŵďĂ͕ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ŶĂƐĐĞ ĚĂ
ƐĂŵďĂ ĚĞ ŐĂĨŝĞŝƌĂ ǀŽĐġ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƵ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ
ŵŝƐƚƵƌĂĞŶƚƌĞĂŵƷƐŝĐĂĂĨƌŝĐĂŶĂĞĞƵƌŽƉĞŝĂŶŽƐ
Ğǆ͗ ZŝƚŵŽ͕ Ž ĞƐƉĂĕŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĂŶĕĂƌ͕ ŽƐ
ĐĂŵƉŽƐĞŶĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘WŽƌĨĂǌĞƌƉĂƌƚĞĚĞĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ
ŐĞƐƚŽƐĐŽƌƉŽƌĂŝƐĐŽŶƚŝĚŽƐŶĞƐƚĞƚŝƉŽĚĞĚĂŶĕĂ͍
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ Ğ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ͕ Ž ƐĂŵďĂ ǀĂŝ ĂƐƐƵŵŝŶĚŽ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĚĂƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ŵĂŶƚĞŶĚŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĞŵƐƵĂĞƐƐġŶĐŝĂĂĂůĞŐƌŝĂĞŽƌŝƚŵŽĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶƚĞ͘
KƐĂŵďĂĠƚĂŶƚŽƵŵĂĚĂŶĕĂĐŽŵŽƵŵ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŐġŶĞƌŽ ŵƵƐŝĐĂů ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ͕ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽ ĐŽŵŽ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘
/ƌĞŵŽƐĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌŚŽũĞŽ^ĂŵďĂĚĞ'ĂĨŝĞŝƌĂ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
WŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĚŝǌĞƌ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ĞƐƚŝůŽ ĚĞ ;Ϳ WŽĚĞŵŽƐĚŝǌĞƌƋƵĞŽƐĂŵďĂĚĞŐĂĨŝĞŝƌĂ

ƐĂŵďĂ Ġ ĚĞƌŝǀĂĚŽ ĚŽ ŵĂǆŝǆĞ͕ Ă ĚĂŶĕĂ ƋƵĞ Ġ ĚĞƌŝǀĂĚŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĂů ĚĂŶĕĂ͍ ƉŽƌ ƋƵĞ ĞůĞ ĨŽŝ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŵŽƐ ŶĂ ĂƵůĂ ĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ͘ K ƐĂŵďĂ ĚĞ ŵĂŝƐďĞŵĂĐĞŝƚŽƉĞůĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĚĂĠƉŽĐĂ͍
ŐĂĨŝĞŝƌĂ ƐƵƌŐŝƵ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϰϬ͕ Ğ ĞƌĂ ƵŵĂ
ĚĂŶĕĂ ŵĂŝƐ ĂĐĞŝƚĂ ƐŽĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĞ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĚĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĐŽŵŽDĂǆŝǆĞ͕ƉŽŝƐŶĆŽŚĂǀŝĂƚĂŶƚŽĐŽŶƚĂƚŽĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŶĞŵƚĂŶƚĂƐĞŶƐƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ƵŵĂĚĂŶĕĂĚĞƐĂůĆŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƋƵĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂ Ğŵ ƐĞƵƐ ŐĞƐƚŽƐ Ž ŚŽŵĞŵ ƋƵĞ
ĐŽŶĚƵǌĂŵƵůŚĞƌĂĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĂĚŽƉŽƌƵŵƌŝƚŵŽ
ĂĐĞůĞƌĂĚŽ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

54
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶĚŽĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕ĞƐƐĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐƋƵĞ
ĨĂǌĞŵ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ Ğ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ŽƌĂůĄ͘
^h'^dK WZd/͗ ^Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĨĂĕĂ ŵĂŝƐ

ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ŶŽ zŽƵƚƵďĞ ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ƐĂŵďĂ ĚĞ
ŐĂĨŝĞŝƌĂĞĂƐĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞƐĂůĆŽ͕ŽďƐĞƌǀĞ
Ğŵ ĐĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ ĚĞůĂƐ͗ Ă ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂ͕ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĂ
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ͕ǀĂůŽƌĞƐĞƐĞƵƐŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĨĂĐĞďŽŽŬ͘ĐŽŵͬĨŽƌƌŽĂŐĂƌƌĂĚŝŶŚŽͬƉŚŽƚŽƐͬ
Ɖď͘ϭϬϬϬϲϵϬϯϬϲϮϯϲϳϬ͘ϮϮϬϳϱϮϬϬϬϬͬϱϱϭϰϲϬϬϯϴϮϯϰϮϬϮͬ
͍ƚǇƉĞсϯ ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϬϵͬϮϬϮϯ
KĨŽƌƌſ
ƐƐĂ ƚĂůǀĞǌ ƐĞũĂ Ă ĚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ ŵĂŝƐ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ Ğŵ ƚŽĚŽ Ž ƌĂƐŝů͖ ĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ
ĚĞŵĂŝƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĂůĆŽ͕ Ž ĨŽƌƌſ ĨŽŝ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ ƉŽƌ ŽŶĚĞ ƉĂƐƐĂǀĂ͕
ŐĂŶŚĂŶĚŽ ŶŽǀŽƐ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ͕ ŐĞƐƚŽƐ Ğ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƚĂŶƚŽ ŶĂ ĚĂŶĕĂ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ŶĂ ŵƷƐŝĐĂ͘
ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ĚŽ ĨŽƌƌſ ĞƐƚĄ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂ ĂŽƐ ĂŶƚŝŐŽƐ
ďĂŝůĞƐƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐƋƵĞĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝĂŵƉŽƌǀŽůƚĂĚŽ
ĂŶĕĂƐͬĂŶĕĂƐĚĞ^ĂůĆŽ͘
ƐĠĐƵůŽ y/y͕ ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ ΗĨŽƌƌŽďŽĚĂŶĕĂΗ ŽƵ
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ΗĨŽƌƌŽďŽĚſΗ͘
;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϭϮͿ WƌĂƚŝĐĂƌ͕ ĨƌƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞĐƌŝĂƌ ĂƐ K ĨŽƌƌſ ƚĂŵďĠŵ Ġ Ƶŵ ĞƐƚŝůŽ ĚĞ ĚĂŶĕĂ Ğ Ƶŵ
ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ ƉƌŝŽƌŝǌĂŶĚŽ ĂƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ŵƵƐŝĐĂů͘ ŽŵŽ ĂƐ ĚĞŵĂŝƐ ĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ
ƐĂůĆŽ͕ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ă ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů Ğ ƐĂůĆŽ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŵŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ž DĂǆŝǆĞ͕ Ž
ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂŶĚŽĂƚƌĂĚŝĕĆŽĚĞƐƐĂƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ͘ ^ĂŵďĂ ĚĞ ŐĂĨŝĞŝƌĂ͕ Ž ĨŽƌƌſ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƚĞŵ
ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚŽƐ ƉŽǀŽƐ ĂĨƌŝĐĂŶŽƐ Ğ ĞƵƌŽƉĞƵƐ͖
;'KͲ&Ϭϵ&ϭϱͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ĨƌƵƚŽ ĚĞ ƌŝƚŵŽƐ ŵƵƐŝĐĂŝƐ ĐŽŵŽ ďĂŝĆŽ͕ ǆŽƚĞ Ğ
ǆĂǆĂĚŽ͕ĞůĞĠĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĚŽƉŽƌƵŵƌŝƚŵŽŽƌĂ
ůĞŶƚŽ͕ ŽƌĂ ƌĄƉŝĚŽ͕ Ğ ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ŝŶĐŽŶĨƵŶĚşǀĞŝƐ͕ĐŽŵŽĂƐĂŶĨŽŶĂ͕ŽƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽĞĂ
ŽƌŝŐĞŵ͘
ǌĂďƵŵďĂ͘

55
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƌŽƌĂŝŵĂĞŵƚĞŵƉŽ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĚŝǀĞƌƐĂŽͬŐƌƵƉŽͲĚĞͲ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŵĂƌĐŽƐƌĞƐĞŶĚĞϮϴ͘ďůŽŐƐ͘ƐĂƉŽ͘ƉƚͬůƵŝǌͲŐŽŶǌĂŐĂͲ
ĨŽƌƌŽͲĚĞͲƌƌͲĞͲƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂĚŽͲƉĂƌĂͲŵĂŝŽƌͲĨĞƐƚŝǀĂůͲƉĞͲĚĞͲ
Ϯϯϳϲϲ ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϭϬͬϮϬϮϯ͘
ƐĞƌƌĂͲĚŽͲďƌĂƐŝůͬ ĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϭϬͬϮϬϮϯ͘
dƌĞĐŚŽĚĂŵƷƐŝĐĂWĂƵĚĞƌĂƌĂĚĞ>Ƶŝǌ'ŽŶǌĂŐĂ
ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂŶĚŽŽĨŽƌƌſĞŽƉŽǀŽŶŽƌĚĞƐƚŝŶŽ͗
sŝǀĞŶĐŝĂŶĚŽŽ&Žƌƌſ
K ǀşĚĞŽ ŶŽ ůŝŶŬ ĂďĂŝǆŽ ŵŽƐƚƌĂ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐ

ƉĂƐƐŽƐƉĂƌĂĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌŵŽƐĂĚĂŶĕĂƌŽĨŽƌƌſ͖ƐĞ
ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĐŽŶǀŝĚĞ ĂůŐƵĠŵ ĚĂ ƐƵĂ ĐĂƐĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ƚĞŶƚĂƌĚĂŶĕĂƌĐŽŵǀŽĐġ͗
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсzŬĚŝƉ:h

56
KE^͖ ^h͖ hE/D 'K͘ ŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽ

ƵƌƌŝĐƵůĂƌƉĂƌĂ'ŽŝĄƐͲ ŵƉůŝĂĚŽ͘'ŽŝąŶŝĂ͗ŽŶƐĞĚ͕
^ĞĚƵĐĞhŶĚŝŵĞ'K͕ϮϬϭϴ͘ϭǐĞĚ͕͘ϳϮϬƉ͘/ÊϵϳϴͲ
ϴϱͲϲϮϵϳϰͲϭϮͲϮ͘
^/>s͕D͘͘ĚĞ>͘ĚĂŶĕĂĚĞƐĂůĆŽĐŽŵŽƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚĞ ǀŝĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌĂ ŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ͗ WŚŽƌƚĞ
ĚŝƚŽƌĂ͕ϮϬϭϵ͘ϭǐĞĚ͕͘ϭϯϲƉ͘/ÊϵϳϴͲϴϱͲϳϲϲϱͲϵϭϰͲ
ϰ͘
^/>s͕͘W͘ĚĞ>͘ƐƉĂĕŽŝŶƚĞƌƉĞƐƐŽĂůŶĂĚĂŶĕĂĚĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌ͘ĨƌĞĞƉŝŬ͘ĐŽŵͬǀĞƚŽƌĞƐͲ ƐĂůĆŽ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗WŚŽƌƚĞĚŝƚŽƌĂ͕ϮϬϮϭ͘ϭǐĞĚ͕͘ϭϮϴ
ƉƌĞŵŝƵŵͬĐĂƐĂůͲĚĂŶĐĂŶĚŽͲĨŽƌƌŽͲŶŽͲŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌͲĚŽͲ Ɖ͘ /ÊϵϳϴͲϴϱͲϳϲϲϱͲϵϴϮͲϳ͘
ŶŽƌĚĞƐƚĞͲĐŝĚĂĚĞǌŝŶŚĂͲĂŽͲĨƵŶĚŽͲĞƐƚŝůŽͲ
ǆŝůŽŐƌĂǀƵƌĂͺϰϵϴϵϱϵϭϵ͘ŚƚŵĂĐĞƐƐŽϮϯͬϭϬͬϮϬϮϯ͘
^/>s͕ ͘ W͘ ĚĞ >͘ ŶƐŝŶĂŶĚŽ ĚĂŶĕĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ͘
^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗WŚŽƌƚĞĚŝƚŽƌĂ͕ϮϬϮϮ͘ϭǐĞĚ͕͘ϭϲϬƉ͘/Ê
ϵϳϴͲϴϱͲϳϲϲϱͲϵϵϵͲϮ͘
K>/s/Z͕ ͘ ĚĞ ^͘ ĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ^ĂůĆŽ͗ hŵĂ

WŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͘ ĞůŽ ,ŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ͗
^h'^dK WZd/͗ ^Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĨĂĕĂ ŵĂŝƐ ĚŝƚŽƌĂ h&D'͕ ϮϬϭϲ͘ ϭǐ ĞĚ͕͘ ϮϮϰ Ɖ͘ /Ê ϵϳϴͲϴϱͲ
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŶŽzŽƵƚƵďĞƐŽďƌĞŽƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞĨŽƌƌſ͖ ϳϬϰϭͲϳϵϵͲϰ͘
ŽďƐĞƌǀĞ Ğŵ ĐĂĚĂ Ƶŵ ĚĞůĞƐ͗ Ă ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂ͕ ƌŝƚŵŽ͕ E/EKE/͕ >͖͘ Zs>,K͕ ͘ '͘ ƵƉůŽ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĚĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂĞǀĂůŽƌĞƐ͘ ĐŽŵŽǀĂƌŝĄǀĞůĚĞƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂƉĂƌĂĂƉƌĄƚŝĐĂĚĞĚĂŶĕĂ
ĚĞƐĂůĆŽĞŵŝĚŽƐŽƐ͘ZĞǀŝƐƚĂƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂĚĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ
&şƐŝĐĂ Ğ ƐƉŽƌƚĞ͕ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ͕ ǀ͘ ϯϳ͕ Ŷ͘ ϭ͕ Ɖ͘ ϮϭͲϮϵ͕
ϮϬϮϯ͘
>D/͕ &͘ ĚĞ ^͘ ĂŶĕĂ Ğ ĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ͗ ϯϬ ƵƌƌşĐƵůŽĚŽƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ

ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂƐ ůƷĚŝĐĂƐ ĐŽŵ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ͘ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ͗
^ƵŵŵƵƐ͕ ϮϬϭϴ͘ ϭǐ ĞĚ͕͘ ϭϲϬ Ɖ͘ /Ê ϵϳϴͲϴϱͲϯϮϯͲ
ϭϮϮϬͲϬ͘
>D/͕&͘ĚĞ^͘YƵĞĚĂŶĕĂĠĞƐƐĂ͍ hŵĂƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂ
ƉĂƌĂĂĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽŝŶĨĂŶƚŝů͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗^ƵŵŵƵƐ͕ϮϬϭϵ͘
ϭǐĞĚ͕͘ϭϮϴƉ͘/ÊϵϳϴͲϴϱͲϯϮϯͲϭϮϰϰͲϵ͘
Z^/>͘ DŝŶŝƐƚĠƌŝŽ ĚĂ ĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ͘ ĂƐĞ EĂĐŝŽŶĂů

ŽŵƵŵ ƵƌƌŝĐƵůĂƌ͘ ƌĂƐşůŝĂ͗
DͬKE^ͬhE/D͕ϮϬϭϳ͘ϭǐĞĚ͕͘ϱϬϰƉ͘/Ê ŶĚĞƌĞĕŽƉĂƌĂĂĐĞƐƐĂƌĞƐƚĞs͗
ϵϳϴͲϴϱͲϰϲϮͲϭϭϯϱͲϰ͘ ŚƚƚƉ͗ͬͬůĂƚƚĞƐ͘ĐŶƉƋ͘ďƌͬϮϰϲϯϯϮϰϱϱϲϮϯϭϴϮϰ
K>d/sKhdKZ^͘DĞƚŽĚŽůŽŐŝĂĚŽĞŶƐŝŶŽĚĞ
ĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ ĨşƐŝĐĂ͘ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ͗ ŽƌƚĞǌ͕ ϭϵϵϮ͘ ϭǐ ĞĚ͕͘
ϮϱϲƉ͘/ÊϵϳϴͲϴϱͲϮϯϮͲϬϭϰϴͲϭ͘

57
COMPONENTE CURRICULAR LÍNGUA

INGLESA
Habilidade(s): (EF09LI01-A) Selecionar e

relacionar expressões que exponham pontos
de vista, argumentos e contra-argumentos,
considerando o contexto e os recursos
linguísticos para utilizar na eficácia da
comunicação em meios digitais;
Pode ocorrer em várias situações, como
(EF09LI05-A) Ler diversos textos publicitários entrevistas de emprego, encontros, redes
e de propaganda para identificar recursos de sociais, apresentações públicas e até mesmo
persuasão, tais como escolha e jogo de no dia a dia, quando você interage com
palavras, uso de cores e imagens, tamanho de colegas, amigos e familiares.
letras, utilizados nas mídias como elementos Como no exemplo mostrado a
de convencimento; self-presentation o simple present pode ser

usado para se apresentar de uma forma
(EF09LI14-A) Compreender os valores
simples.
semânticos dos conectores indicadores de
adição, condição, oposição, contraste, “I am Daniela “
conclusão e síntese, para utilizá-los como

auxiliares na construção da argumentação e “I am a teacher. “
intencionalidade discursiva.
“I am from Brasil”
Objeto de conhecimento: Linking words and
persuasive resources. Veja na tabela abaixo alguns exemplos de
verbos que podem ser utilizados para
Fonte: Documento Curricular para GOIÁS - Ampliado
fonte: apresentar informações sobre si mesmo.
https://www.cidadeocidental.go.gov.br/res/midias/outr
os/80d3d5d8ac56f920562e29f5ef9785df.pdf?_ga=2.11
4820932.276497606.1619452211-1954095212.160621
7088 disponível em 20/10/2023

58
Verbo / Ação Exemplo
Be (ser/estar) I am a student.
Have (ter) I have a degree.
Work (trabalhar) I work as a nurse.
Live (viver/morar) I live in New York.
Come (vir) I come from Canada.
Study (estudar) I study psychology. PERSUASIVE STRATEGIES
Estratégias de persuasão
I speak English and
Speak (falar)
Spanish.
Like (gostar) I like to travel.
Enjoy
I enjoy reading books.
(aproveitar/gostar de)
I do yoga in the
Do (fazer/realizar)
mornings.
Practice (praticar) I practice the piano.
Essas estratégias servem para

Play (jogar/tocar) I play the guitar.
apresentar-se de uma maneira atraente, tanto
fisicamente quanto em termos de
Read (ler) I read a lot of novels.
personalidade, para criar uma impressão
Travel (viajar) I travel for work. positiva e ganhar a simpatia dos outros.

59
Algumas das principais persuasive strategies aos sentimentos e perspectivas dos

em self-presentation incluem: outros para construir relacionamentos
mais fortes.
● Credibility - Credibilidade: Destacar
● Self-Confidence - Autoconfiança:
suas qualificações, experiências
Transmitir confiança em suas
relevantes e conquistas para aumentar
habilidades e decisões para inspirar
a confiança dos outros em sua
confiança nos outros.
competência e conhecimento.
● Storytelling: Contar histórias
● Attractiveness - Atratividade:
convincentes sobre suas experiências e
Apresentar-se de uma maneira
realizações para criar uma narrativa
atraente, tanto fisicamente quanto em
atraente e memorável.
termos de personalidade, para criar
uma impressão positiva e ganhar a Exemplo:
simpatia dos outros.
● Similarity - Similaridade: Destacar
semelhanças e pontos em comum com
o público-alvo para criar uma sensação
de familiaridade e conexão.
● Consistency - Consistência: Manter
uma imagem consistente ao longo do
tempo para construir confiança e
evitar a percepção de incoerência.
● Reciprocity - Reciprocidade: Agir de
maneira a gerar sentimentos de
reciprocidade, onde os outros se
sintam inclinados a retribuir favores ou
comportamentos positivos.
● Sociability - Sociabilidade: Demonstrar
habilidades sociais e interativas para Além da self presentation os recursos
criar uma impressão de ser uma persuasivos:
pessoa agradável e fácil de lidar. Em inglês referem-se a técnicas e
● Empathy - Empatia: Mostrar estratégias usadas para convencer ou
compreensão e empatia em relação influenciar outras pessoas a aceitarem uma

60
ideia, tomar uma ação específica ou mudar de Example: "By adopting this approach, we can
opinião. Aqui estão alguns recursos achieve incredible results and create a better
persuasivos em inglês que você pode future for everyone."
considerar:
Sense of Urgency - Senso de urgência :
Use of Evidence - Uso de evidências: Destaque a necessidade de agir rapidamente
Apresente dados, estatísticas, exemplos para aproveitar uma oportunidade ou evitar
concretos e pesquisas relevantes para apoiar consequências negativas.
seu argumento.
Example: "Don't wait any longer. Now is the
Example: "According to a recent study, 9 out right time to take action and make a
of 10 experts agree that..." difference."
Testimonials - Depoimentos: Inclua citações Counterargument- Contraposição: Antecipe e

ou histórias de pessoas que tiveram aborde possíveis objeções ou preocupações,
experiências positivas relacionadas ao seu reforçando por que sua posição é a mais
argumento. válida.
Example: "John, a satisfied customer, stated Example: "While some may argue that..., the
that this solution completely transformed his reality is that..."."
professional life."
Logical Reasoning - Raciocínio lógico:
Emotional Appeal - Apelo à emoção Estruture seus argumentos de forma lógica,
(Emotional Appeal): Use linguagem que evoca apresentando ideias de maneira clara e
sentimentos e emoções para criar uma coerente.
conexão emocional com seu público.
Example: "Upon analyzing the presented
Example: "Imagine the positive impact this facts, it becomes evident that the proposed
change can have on people's lives, providing solution is the most logical and effective."
hope and opportunities."
Appeal to Authority - Apelo à autoridade:
Positive Language: Linguagem positiva: Faça referência a especialistas, estudos
Utilize palavras e frases que transmitam científicos ou fontes confiáveis para reforçar
otimismo e positividade. sua posição.

61
Example: "According to leading experts in the Family (Família): I have a wife and two
field, the recommended approach is the most children.
effective."
Appeal to Morality - Apelo à moralidade:

Utilize suas informações:
Destaque a ética e a moralidade associadas à
sua posição.
Name (Nome):
Example: "By choosing this option, we are

Age (Idade):
acting in an ethical and responsible manner,
promoting fundamental values."
Profession
(Profissão):
Nationality
(Nacionalidade):
1. Preencha o formulário abaixo utilizando o
simple present conforme o exemplo.
Hobbies
Name (Nome): My name is John. (Hobbies):
Age (Idade): I am 30 years old.

Favorite
Profession (Profissão): I work as a teacher. Activities

(Atividades
Nationality (Nacionalidade): I am Brazilian.
Favoritas):
Hobbies (Hobbies):I like to paint watercolors.

Daily Routine
Favorite Activities (Atividades Favoritas): I (Rotina Diária):
watch movies and go for walks.
Daily Routine (Rotina Diária): I wake up at 7 Goals (Metas):
AM, have breakfast, and go to work.

Family (Família):
Goals (Metas): I want to travel more and
learn a new language.

62
Sociability
2. Marque na tabela quais elementos Empathy
aparecem no texto a seguir:

Self-Confidenc
e:
Storytelling
3. Leia as campanhas publicitárias a seguir e

responda marque no quadro quais
elementos aparecem em cada uma delas:
a) Cyberbullying
Credibility
Attractiveness
Similarity
Consistency
Reciprocity

63
Logical
b) Delicious Big Burger Reasoning
Appeal to
Authority
Appeal to
Morality
Persuasive
Onde o recurso aparece Habilidade(s): (EF09LI01-A) Selecionar e
Resource
relacionar expressões que exponham pontos
Use of de vista, argumentos e contra-argumentos,
Evidence considerando o contexto e os recursos
linguísticos para utilizar na eficácia da
Testimonials comunicação em meios digitais;
(EF09LI05-A) Ler diversos textos publicitários

Emotional e de propaganda para identificar recursos de
Appeal persuasão, tais como escolha e jogo de
palavras, uso de cores e imagens, tamanho de
Positive
letras, utilizados nas mídias como elementos
Language
de convencimento;
Sense of (EF09LI14-A) Compreender os valores
Urgency semânticos dos conectores indicadores de

adição, condição, oposição, contraste,
Counterargu conclusão e síntese, para utilizá-los como
ment auxiliares na construção da argumentação e
intencionalidade discursiva.

64
Objeto de conhecimento: Simple present pode aparecer na forma de um post para

Linking words and persuasive resources. chamar a atenção.
Uma forma básica de fazer um about me
fonte: é utilizar frases simples que podem ser
os/80d3d5d8ac56f920562e29f5ef9785df.pdf?_ga=2.11 prioritariamente com verbo to be.
4820932.276497606.1619452211-1954095212.160621
Forma Afirmativa do Verbo "To Be":
Na forma afirmativa, o verbo "to be" é usado

para declarar informações positivas sobre um
sujeito. Aqui estão alguns exemplos:
Recurso
Exemplo
Persuasivo
"I am a dedicated learner

Uso de embarking on an enriching
Eufemismo journey of knowledge and
growth."
Essa seção é usada para dar aos outros uma "He is more than a doctor;
visão geral de quem você é, seus interesses, he is a compassionate
Apelo à
passatempos, experiências, realizações e healer, devoted to creating
Compaixão
outros detalhes pessoais que você deseja a positive impact in the lives
compartilhar. he touches."
Pode incluir informações como seu nome,
idade, profissão, interesses, lugares que você "She is more than a friend;
visitou, conquistas e qualquer outra coisa que she is a cherished
você ache relevante para que as pessoas Apelo à companion, radiating
conheçam você melhor. Afeição unwavering support and
Em redes sociais como o Instagram, por filling each moment with joy
exemplo, o "About Me" é muitas vezes and laughter."
chamado de "bio" e é exibido na parte
superior do seu perfil(profile). mas também

65
"It is more than a cat; it is a Recurso

Forma Negativa
delightful furry friend, Persuasivo
Personificação bringing an abundance of

"I am not just a dedicated
warmth and comfort to our Uso de learner embarking on an
home." Eufemismo enriching journey of
knowledge and growth."
"We are students; we

"He is not only a doctor; he
represent the future, fueled
Apelo ao is a compassionate healer,
Apelo à
by an insatiable curiosity devoted to creating a
Futuro Compaixão
and an unyielding positive impact in the lives
he touches."
commitment to excellence."
"She is not only a friend;

"They are more than she is a cherished
teachers; they serve as Apelo à companion, radiating
Afeição unwavering support and
Apelo à inspirational mentors,
filling each moment with
Inspiração actively shaping minds and joy and laughter."
motivating the generations
to come." "It is not just a cat; it is a
delightful furry friend,
Personificação bringing an abundance of
warmth and comfort to our
Observe que "am" é usado com "I," "is" é
home."
usado com "he," "she," e "it," e "are" é usado
com "we" e "they." "We are not only students;
we represent the future,
Forma Negativa do Verbo "To Be": Apelo ao fueled by an insatiable
Futuro curiosity and an unyielding
Na forma negativa, o verbo "to be" é commitment to
usado para negar informações sobre um excellence.”
sujeito. Para criar a forma negativa, você

"They are not just
simplesmente adiciona "not" após o verbo "to Apelo à teachers; they serve as
be." Aqui estão exemplos: Inspiração inspirational mentors,
actively shaping minds and

66
motivating the generations What is your

to come." name?
Lembre-se de que, em inglês falado, é

How old are
comum usar a forma contraída das negativas,
you?
como "isn't" (para "is not") e "aren't" (para
"are not"). Por exemplo:
What is your
I'm not a doctor. (Eu não sou um médico.) profession?
He isn't my brother. (Ele não é meu irmão.)

What is your
They aren't here. (Eles não estão aqui.) nationality?
What do you
enjoy doing in
your free time?
What are your

favorite
activities?
What is your
daily routine
like?
What are your

goals for the
1. Entreviste seu colega para preencher o future?
quadro abaixo:
Do you have a
Pergunta
Resposta (Answer) family?
(Question)

67
2. Escreva um "About Me" se apresentando Habilidade(s): (EF09LI02-A) Compreender e

como se estivesse criando um perfil para o compilar as ideias-chave de textos, charges e
Instagram. Esse "About Me" será a sua outros, tomando notas para desenvolver as
“Bio”. competências sociocomunicativas;
_____________________________________ (EF09LI05-A) Ler diversos textos publicitários

_____________________________________ e de propaganda para identificar recursos de
_____________________________________ persuasão, tais como escolha e jogo de
_____________________________________ palavras, uso de cores e imagens, tamanho de
_____________________________________ letras, utilizados nas mídias como elementos
_____________________________________ de convencimento;
_____________________________________
(EF09LI12-A) Produzir textos, charges, wikis,
_____________________________________
memes, colaborativamente, sobre temas de
_____________________________________
interesse coletivo local ou global, que revelem
Você pode compartilhar seu "About Me” posicionamento crítico para aprimorar a
no nosso padlet interativo - Coloque o nome competência escrita;
da escola, turma e mediador.
Lembrando de nunca colocar informações
pessoais como telefone, e-mail, instagram ou
outra rede social pessoal.
conclusão e síntese, para utiliza-los como
https://padlet.com/danielacavallari/mural-interativo-l- auxiliares na construção da argumentação e
ngua-inglesa-9-ano-5ewdcqa12x70zgo
intencionalidade discursiva;
(EF09LI18-A) Analisar a presença da língua

inglesa na produção, divulgação e discussão
de novos conhecimentos, em textos
científicos, econômicos e políticos no cenário
mundial, para compreender toda a
importância desse idioma.
Objeto de conhecimento: Linking words and

persuasive resources

68
(Also / Furthermore / Moreover / In

addition / Additionally)

fonte:
4820932.276497606.1619452211-1954095212.160621
Aqui estão algumas link words comuns de

adição:
Also (Também)
Exemplo:
She likes swimming. Also, she enjoys hiking.
(Ela gosta de nadar. Também gosta de fazer
Essas palavras desempenham um papel trilhas.)
crucial na organização do discurso, ajudando a

Furthermore (Além disso)
estabelecer relações lógicas entre diferentes
partes de um texto. Exemplo:
Também são conhecidas como The project was successful. Furthermore, it

"connectors", "transitional words" ou received positive feedback from clients.
"transition words". Essas palavras podem
(O projeto foi bem-sucedido. Além disso,
indicar relação de adição, contraste,
recebeu feedback positivo dos clientes.)
comparação, causa e efeito, tempo, entre
outras.

69
Moreover (Além disso)
Exemplo: (Also / Furthermore / Moreover / In
The team met its sales target. Moreover, it addition / Additionally)
exceeded expectations.
(A equipe alcançou a meta de vendas. Além A. I enjoy practicing sports, especially

disso, superou as expectativas.) long-distance running.
______________________, I have a
particular interest in outdoor activities.
In addition (Além disso)
Exemplo:
B. I am fluent in three languages.
I have a part-time job. In addition, I'm ______________________, I have
studying at the university. experience working in multicultural
environments.
(Eu tenho um emprego de meio período.
Além disso, estou estudando na universidade.)
C. I have worked as a project manager for
five years. ______________________, I
Additionally (Além disso)
have received recognition for leading
Exemplo: efficient teams.
The museum has art collections. Additionally,

it hosts cultural events. D. I am passionate about technology and
innovation. ______________________, I
(O museu tem coleções de arte. Além disso,
stay updated with the latest trends in the
realiza eventos culturais.)
world of technology.
E. I have advanced skills in data analysis.

______________________, I am capable
1. Complete as lacunas nas seguintes of turning complex data into actionable
afirmações de auto apresentação usando insights.
as palavras de adição fornecidas.

70
2. Agora é sua vez. Escreva frases com suas 3. Leia o texto, a seguir, e responda às
qualidades utilizando as link words de perguntas:
Addition;
A. Also:
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
___________________________
B. Furthermore:
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
___________________________ Identifique os recursos persuasivos utilizados
pelo autor.
C. Moreover
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
___________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________
D. In addition
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
___________________________
_____________________________________
E. Additionally _____________________________________
_____________________________________
4. Leia o cartum e identifique o que ele está
_____________________________________
criticando. Depois disso, produza um novo
_____________________________________
cartum com o mesmo tema.
___________________________

71
auxiliares na construção da argumentação e

(EF09LI19-A) Compreender e discutir a

comunicação intercultural, por meio da língua
inglesa, como mecanismo de valorização
pessoal e de construção de identidades no
mundo globalizado, para respeitar e valorizar
a diversidade linguística e cultural.
Objeto de conhecimento: Folklore / Linking
Disponível em: words and persuasive resources

https://twitter.com/greenpeace/status/463334286519
988224 Acesso em 11 de nov. de 2020.
However / Nevertheless / On the other
hand / In contrast /Despite, but

Habilidade(s): (EF09LI05-A) Ler diversos fonte:
textos publicitários e de propaganda para
identificar recursos de persuasão, tais como 4820932.276497606.1619452211-1954095212.160621
escolha e jogo de palavras, uso de cores e
imagens, tamanho de letras, utilizados nas
mídias como elementos de convencimento;

posicionamento crítico para aprimorar a
competência escrita;


72
Essas palavras são valiosas para guiar o Example: Despite the rainy weather, the event
leitor através das mudanças de pensamento e was a success
destacar diferenças significativas.
Although (Embora): Indica uma concessão ou
Aqui estão algumas link words de contraste contraste, introduzindo uma ideia inesperada.
comuns:
Example: Although he studied a lot, he didn't
However (Entretanto): Indica uma oposição pass the exam.
ou contraste em relação à ideia anterior.
But (contraste/mas): The movie was
Example: He is talented; however, he needs entertaining, but it was too long.
more practice.
Nevertheless (No entanto): Aponta para uma

oposição inesperada ou uma concessão em
relação à informação anterior.
1. Complete as frases com linkworld de
Example: The weather was bad; nevertheless, contraste:
we decided to go on the trip.
However / Nevertheless / On the other
On the other hand (Por outro lado): Introduz hand / In contrast /Despite
uma ideia que contrasta ou é oposta à

anterior.
A. Curupira is a figure from Brazilian folklore
Example: He is outgoing; on the other hand, known for protecting the forests and
she is more reserved. animals.
____________________________, its
In contrast (Em contraste): Sinaliza uma
image is often depicted in a frightening
diferença clara ou oposição.
manner to deter intruders.
Example: The new model is efficient; in B. The Pink River Dolphin (Boto Cor-de-Rosa)
contrast, the old one is obsolete. is a mystical figure in Brazilian folklore,

often portrayed as an enchanting and
Despite (Apesar de): Apresenta uma ideia
seductive being.
oposta à expectativa gerada pela informação
____________________________, in
anterior.
some stories, it is also associated with
dark and dangerous legends.

73
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
C. Saci-Pererê is a mischievous and playful
_____________________________________
character from folklore.
_____________________________________
____________________________,
_____________________________________
____________________________ its
_____________________________________
pranks, it is also considered a guardian of
_____________________________________
the forests.
_____________________________________
D. The Werewolf (Lobisomem) is a
_____________________________________
frightening figure that,
_____________________________________
____________________________ to
_____________________________________
many other folklore characters, is
_____________________________________
commonly associated with stories of
_____________________________________
terror and fear.
_____________________________________
E. Boitatá is a fire serpent from Brazilian
_____________________________________
folklore, known for protecting the forests
_____________________________________
and water sources.
_____________________________________
____________________________its
_____________________________________
protective role, some narratives also
_____________________________________
describe it as a vengeful creature for
_____________________________________
those who harm the environment.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
2. Traduza as frases da questão anterior.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________

74
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _________________
_____________________________________
c) O personagem tem características
_____________________________________
humanas, animais ou místicas?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
3. Pesquise uma figura folclorica que seja _____________________________________
muito conecida onde você mora e responda: _________________
a) Como é a aparência física do personagem Compartilhe a figura folclórica que você

folclórico? (Em inglês, quadro com escolheu e suas respostas no nosso mural
vocabulário nos anexos da apostila) interativo.
_____________________________________
Coloque o nome da escola, turma e
_____________________________________
mediador.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________ Lembrando de nunca colocar informações
_____________________________________ pessoais como telefone, e-mail, instagram ou
_____________________________________ outra rede social pessoal.
_____________________________________
https://padlet.com/danielacavallari/mural-interativo-l-
_________________ ngua-inglesa-9-ano-5ewdcqa12x70zgo
b) O personagem folclórico tem algum

símbolo? Qual?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

75
Similarly / Likewise / In the same way /

Compared to / Just as.
Habilidade(s): (EF09LI05-A) Ler diversos

textos publicitários e de propaganda para
fonte:
identificar recursos de persuasão, tais como https://www.cidadeocidental.go.gov.br/res/midias/outr
escolha e jogo de palavras, uso de cores e 4820932.276497606.1619452211-1954095212.160621


intencionalidade discursiva; Similarly (Similarmente): Indica que duas
ideias são semelhantes ou compartilham
(EF09LI19-A) Compreender e discutir a
características comuns.
comunicação intercultural, por meio da língua
inglesa, como mecanismo de valorização Example: Snow White is beautifully timeless
pessoal e de construção de identidades no with her ebony hair and fair complexion.
mundo globalizado, para respeitar e valorizar Similarly, her gentle and kind nature reflects
a diversidade linguística e cultural. the classic traits of a fairy tale heroine.
Objeto de conhecimento: Folklore / Linking Likewise (Da mesma forma): Significa que
words and persuasive resources algo é semelhante ou correspondente ao que
foi mencionado anteriormente.

76
Example: Snow White captivates those testament to courage and the triumph of
around her with innocence and grace. goodness.
Likewise, her compassionate heart is a
defining trait, reminiscent of beloved
characters in other fairy tales.
In the same way (Da mesma forma): Utilizado

para comparar ações ou situações de maneira
similar.
Example: In the enchanted forest, Snow

White befriends woodland creatures, just as
she finds solace with dwarfs. In the same way,
her ability to connect with animals and
unlikely companions showcases her pure and
loving spirit.
Compared to (Comparado a): Introduz uma

comparação entre dois elementos,
1. Complete as lacunas nas seguintes frases
destacando semelhanças ou diferenças.
usando as palavras de ligação fornecidas:
Example: Compared to other fairy tale
Similarly / Likewise / In the same way /
protagonists, Snow White's story is filled with
Compared to / Just as.
magic and charm, much like Cinderella and
Sleeping Beauty. Her tale is woven with
elements of wonder and enchantment. A. Snow White is known for her timeless
beauty. ______________________, her
Just as (Assim como): Estabelece uma
stepsister also possesses a captivating
comparação enfatizando uma
charm.
correspondência ou similaridade.
B. Snow White captivates those around her
Example: Just as Snow White's beauty is with innocence and grace.
renowned, so is her resilience in the face of ______________________, Cinderella's
adversity. Just as she overcomes the wicked kindness endears her to everyone she
queen's plots, her story unfolds as a meets.

77
C. In the enchanted forest, Snow White Caipora is also associated with preserving
befriends woodland creatures. the balance of nature.
______________________, Cinderella, too, D. Compared to other mythical creatures
finds companionship among the animals in around the world, the Brazilian Saci-Pererê
her magical garden. is mischievous and playful. ___________,
D. Snow White's story is filled with magic and the leprechaun from Irish folklore shares
charm. ______________________, similar traits.
Cinderella's tale is also woven with E. Likewise, the Brazilian folk hero Zé Pelintra
enchanting moments and fairy is often portrayed as a trickster figure.
godmothers. ___________, Anansi, the spider trickster
E. Snow White overcomes the wicked queen's from African folklore, is known for his
plots. ______________________, cunning ways.
Cinderella triumphs over her stepmother's
3. Traduza as frases destacando em português
schemes and finds her happily ever after.
e as link words.
2. Complete as lacunas nas seguintes frases
Saci-Pererê is a mischievous and playful
usando as palavras de ligação fornecidas:
character from folklore. On the other hand,
Similarly / Likewise / In the same way / despite its pranks, it is also considered a
Compared to / Just as. guardian of the forests.
_____________________________________
A. Curupira is known for protecting the forests _____________________________________
and animals. ___________, Saci-Pererê is _____________________________________
also a guardian of nature. _____________________________________
B. Boto Cor-de-Rosa is often portrayed as an _____________________________________
enchanting and seductive being. _____________________________________
___________, the myths about Iara, the _____________________________________
water nymph, highlight her captivating and _________________
mysterious allure.
The Werewolf (Lobisomem) is a frightening
C. In the folklore tales, Boitatá is a fiery
figure that, in contrast to many other folklore
serpent guarding the forests. ___________,
characters, is commonly associated with
Just as Boitatá protects the environment,
stories of terror and fear.

78
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _________________
_____________________________________
Just as Snow White's beauty is renowned, so
_____________________________________
is her resilience in the face of adversity. Just as
_____________________________________
she overcomes the wicked queen's plots, her
_____________________________________
story unfolds as a testament to courage and
_________________
the triumph of goodness.
Curupira is a figure from Brazilian folklore

_____________________________________
known for protecting the forests and animals.
_____________________________________
However, its image is often depicted in a
_____________________________________
frightening manner to deter intruders.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _________________
_____________________________________
In the folklore tales, Boitatá is a fiery serpent
_____________________________________
guarding the forests. In the same way, Caipora
_____________________________________
is also associated with preserving the balance
_________________
of nature.
Snow White captivates those around her with

_____________________________________
innocence and grace. Likewise, her
_____________________________________
compassionate heart is a defining trait,
_____________________________________
reminiscent of beloved characters in other
_____________________________________
fairy tales.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
_____________________________________ _________________
_____________________________________
In the folklore tales, Boitatá is a fiery serpent
_____________________________________
guarding the forests. In the same way, Caipora

79
is also associated with preserving the balance (EF09LI19-A) Compreender e discutir a

of nature. comunicação intercultural, por meio da língua
inglesa, como mecanismo de valorização
_____________________________________
pessoal e de construção de identidades no
_____________________________________
mundo globalizado, para respeitar e valorizar
_____________________________________
a diversidade linguística e cultural.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________ Objeto de conhecimento: Linking words and
_____________________________________ persuasive resources
_____________________________________
_________________ Firstly / First of all /Secondly / During /
Afterward / Previously / Then / After that
Next/ Before / Finally / Lastly:

Habilidade(s): (EF09LI05-A) Ler diversos fonte:
textos publicitários e de propaganda para https://www.cidadeocidental.go.gov.br/res/midias/outr
identificar recursos de persuasão, tais como 4820932.276497606.1619452211-1954095212.160621
escolha e jogo de palavras, uso de cores e



80
"Linking words" comumente usadas para Exemplo: Mix the batter well. After that, pour
expressar relações temporais: it into the prepared pan.
Firstly / First of all: Primeiramente. Meanwhile: Enquanto isso.
Introduz a primeira ideia ou evento em uma Introduz uma ação que ocorre ao mesmo
sequência. tempo que outra.
Exemplo: Firstly, prepare the ingredients Exemplo: Preheat the oven to 350°F.
before starting to cook. Meanwhile, prepare the frosting.
Secondly: Em segundo lugar. Before (Antes):
Indica a segunda ideia ou evento após o Indica que uma ação ocorre antes de outra.
primeiro.
Exemplo: Before going to bed, she always
Exemplo: Secondly, mix the dry ingredients in reads a few pages of her favorite book to
a separate bowl. unwind."
Next: Em seguida. After: Depois:
Sinaliza a continuidade em uma sequência Indica que uma ação ocorre após outra.
temporal.
Exemplo: After the cake cools, frost it with the
Exemplo: Add the wet ingredients to the prepared icing.
mixture. Next, blend them until smooth.
During: Durante.
Then: Então.
Refere-se a uma ação que ocorre no mesmo
Indica o próximo passo ou evento na ordem período de tempo que outra.
temporal.
Exemplo: During the baking time, prepare the
Exemplo: Heat the oven to 350°F. Then, glaze.
grease the baking pan.
While: Enquanto.
After that: Depois disso.
Indica que duas ações ocorrem
Utilizado para mostrar a ordem cronológica de simultaneamente.
eventos.

81
Exemplo: While the bread is baking, you can As a result (Como resultado):
start making the soup.
Similar a "consequently", indica que uma ação
Finally / Lastly: Finalmente. ou evento é uma consequência direta de
outra.
Exemplo: Finally, garnish the dish with fresh
herbs before serving. Example: He didn't perform regular
maintenance on the car, and as a result, the
engine broke down.
Because (Porque):
Introduz a causa direta de uma situação ou

ação.
Example: He didn't attend the class because

he was sick.
Since (Desde):
Expressa a razão ou causa de algo e muitas

vezes é usado para indicar uma condição
Therefore (Portanto):
contínua.
Indica uma conclusão lógica ou resultado

Example: He hasn't eaten meat since he
decorrente das informações apresentadas
became a vegetarian.
anteriormente.
Example: He studied hard for the exam;

therefore, he got a high grade.
Consequently (Consequentemente):
Leia o trecho a seguir e responda o que se
Sinaliza uma relação direta de causa e efeito, pede:
indicando que uma ação resulta em outra.
Example: He studied hard for the exam;

therefore, he got a high grade.

82
Once upon a time there was a girl named

Tasha. When Tasha was very young, her
3. Onde no texto são utilizadas "link words"
mother gave her a little magic doll. After
para contrastar a bondade da mãe de
that, her mother die. After some years,
Tasha com a maldade de sua madrasta?
Tasha’s father got married again with a
_____________________________________
very bad woman.
_____________________________________
One day, Tasha’s stepmother asked her to _____________________________________
go to Baba Yaga’s hut. But Baba Yaga was _____________________________________
a witch and she used to eat children. ____________________________________
4. Complete com a link word adequada:

Disponível em:
https://planosdeaula.novaescola.org.br/fundame
ntal/7ano/ingles/conto/1947 Acesso em 07 de
mar. De 2022. Choose the right Linking word to complete the
sentences.
1. Quais são as "link words" que indicam a a) ______________ to gentle, he is

ordem sequencial dos eventos na handsome and polite.
história de Tasha?
_____________________________________
Earlier
_____________________________________
_____________________________________ In spite of
_____________________________________
In addition
____________________________________
In that case
2. Identifique as "link words" que indicam
relações temporais no texto, b) He stopped eating fat food.
especialmente aquelas que conectam ______________, he starting to get thin.
diferentes fases da vida de Tasha. Later
_____________________________________
In that case
_____________________________________
_____________________________________ Moreover
_____________________________________
However
____________________________________

83
c) _______________ I don't have a lot of

money, I want to buy a motorcycle.
REVISÃO GERAL
Although
1. Preencha com as link words
To begin with
correspondentes.
Thereby
Likewise

84
Resolva os anagramas:

85

86
GOIÁS. Documento Curricular para GOIÁS –

Ampliado. Disponível em: Documento
Curricular para GOIÁS - Ampliado fonte:
https://www.cidadeocidental.go.gov.br/res/m
idias/outros/80d3d5d8ac56f920562e29f5ef97
85df.pdf?_ga=2.1148209
EASTWOOD, John. Oxford Guide to English

Grammar. Editora Oxford University Press,
2002.
MURPHY, Raymond. (2019). English Grammar

in Use. Cambridge University Press.
Link galeria das artes utilizadas disponível em

canva de Daniela A Cavallari -
https://www.canva.com/design/DAFzrXDGi7Q
/lOgeJVvkuoY3i9Jj2o0Ovw/edit?utm_content
=DAFzrXDGi7Q&utm_campaign=designshare&
utm_medium=link2&utm_source=sharebutto
n em 10/11/2023

87
ANEXOS | Moral teachings | Ensinos morais |
Vocabulário | Rituals | Rituais |

| Inglês | Português |
| Tradition | Tradição |
| Folklore | Folclore |
| Magical | Mágico |
| Mythical creature | Criatura mítica |
| Supernatural | Sobrenatural |
| Guardian | Guardião |
| Folk hero | Herói folclórico |
| Mischievous | Travesso |
| Folk music | Música folclórica |
| Enchanting | Encantador |
| Mysterious | Misterioso |
| Seductive | Sedutor |
| Superstitions | Superstições |
| Protector | Protetor |
| Ritualistic dance | Dança ritualística |
| Frightening | Assustador |
| Celebrations | Celebrações |
| Werewolf | Lobisomem |
| Cursed | Amaldiçoado |
| Fire serpent | Serpente de fogo |
| Blessed | Abençoado |
| Forest | Floresta |
| Folk art | Arte folclórica |
| Water sources | Fontes de água |
| Wisdom | Sabedoria |
| Legends | Lendas |
| Beliefs | Crenças |
| Powers | Poderes |
| Indigenous | Indígena |
| Appearance | Aparência |
| Cultural heritage | Patrimônio cultural |
| Origins | Origens |
| Brazilian folklore | Folclore brasileiro |
| Backstory | História de fundo |
| Native | Nativo |
| Symbol | Símbolo |
| Ancestor | Ancestral |
| Regional variations | Variações regionais |

88
| Myth | Mito | | Head | Cabeça |
| Legendary | Lendário | | Hair | Cabelo |
| Enigma | Enigma | | Eyes | Olhos |
| Spirit | Espírito | | Ears | Ouvidos |
| Enchanted | Encantado | | Nose | Nariz |
| Tradition bearer | Portador de tradição | | Mouth | Boca |
| Folk wisdom | Sabedoria popular | | Teeth | Dentes |
| Ritualistic mask | Máscara ritualística | | Lips | Lábios |
| Magical realism | Realismo mágico | | Face | Rosto |
| Divine | Divino | | Neck | Pescoço |
| Folk medicine | Medicina popular | | Shoulder | Ombro |
| Festivals | Festivais | | Arm | Braço |
| Cultural identity | Identidade cultural | | Elbow | Cotovelo |
| Customs | Costumes | | Forearm | Antebraço |
| Folk dance | Dança folclórica | | Hand | Mão |
| Storytelling | Contação de histórias | | Wrist | Pulso |
| Folk costume | Traje folclórico | | Fingers | Dedos |
| Thumb | Polegar |
| Chest | Peito |
| Back | Costas |
| Waist | Cintura |
| Inglês | Português |

89
| Hip | Quadril | | Freckles | Sardas |
| Leg | Perna | | Birthmarks | Manchas de nascença |
| Thigh | Coxa | | Scars | Cicatrizes |
| Knee | Joelho | | Mole | Pinta |
| Calf | Panturrilha | | Dimples | Covinhas |
| Ankle | Tornozelo | | Beard | Barba |
| Foot | Pé | | Mustache | Bigode |
| Toes | Dedos dos pés | | Bald | Careca |
| Skin | Pele | | Curly | Cacheado |
| Complexion | Tez | | Straight | Liso |
| Height | Altura | | Wavy | Ondulado |
| Weight | Peso | | Blonde | Loiro |
| Build | Estrutura física | | Brunette | Moreno(a) |
| Posture | Postura | | Redhead | Ruivo(a) |
| Facial features | Características faciais | | Dark | Escuro |
| Eyebrows | Sobrancelhas | | Light | Claro |
| Eyelashes | Cílios |
| Cheekbones | Maçãs do rosto |
| Chin | Queixo |
| Forehead | Testa |
| Wrinkles | Rugas |
However No entanto

90
Nevertheless No entanto As a result Como resultado
On the other hand Por outro lado Because Porque
In contrast Em contraste Since Desde
Despite Apesar de First of all Primeiramente
Furthermore Além disso Secondly Em segundo lugar
Moreover Além disso Next Em seguida
Additionally Além disso Then Então
Also Também After that Depois disso
In addition Além disso Meanwhile Enquanto isso
Similarly Similarmente Before Antes
Likewise Da mesma forma After Depois
In the same way Da mesma forma During Durante
Compared to Comparado a While Enquanto
Just as Assim como Finally / Lastly Finalmente
Therefore Portanto
Consequently Consequentemente

91
KDWKEEd hZZ/h>Z >1E'h ϭ͘ Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƷůƚŝŵŽ ƋƵĂĚƌŝŶŚŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ

WKZdh'h^ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ŽƐĂƌŐĞŶƚŽĨŝĐŽƵ
;ͿĨĞůŝǌĐŽŵĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĚĞĞŶƚŝŶŚŽ͘
;ͿƐƵƌƉƌĞƐŽĐŽŵŽĞůŽŐŝŽĚŽƌĞĐƌƵƚĂ͘
;ͿƌĂŝǀŽƐŽƉĞůŽĐŽŵĞŶƚĄƌŝŽĚŽƌĂƉĂǌ͘
;ͿƚƌŝƐƚĞƉĞůĂŝŶĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚŽƌĞĐƌƵƚĂ͘
sĂŵŽƐĂƵŵĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƌĄƉŝĚĂƐŽďƌĞĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂ͍
ĐĞƐƐĞ Ž YZ K Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ Ž

Ϯ͘ EĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͕ŽƚƌĞĐŚŽƋƵĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂĂŝĚĞŝĂ
ƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶĄƌŝŽ͘
ĚĞĚƷǀŝĚĂĠ
;A) “... eu tentei e tentei com você.”
;B) “Mas eu simplesmente não consigo!”.
;C) “Talvez você tenha um talento tardio.”
;D) “Bem, não desista sargento.”
>ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĨŽƌŵƐ͘ŐůĞͬϵŝϮY,YWŝyEE&ǀŝϴ
ϯĞϰ͘
>ĞŝĂĂƚŝƌŝŶŚĂĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ϭĞϮ͘ KƋƵĞĠŽƚĂďƵůĞŝƌŽ>ƵĚŽ͍
K ũŽŐŽ ĚĞ ƚĂďƵůĞŝƌŽ >ƵĚŽ ƚĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ

ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ƐĞƌ Ž ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ƋƵĞ͕ ƉĂƌƚŝŶĚŽ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ
ĐĂƐĂ ĚĞ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞ ĐŚĞŐĂƌ ă ĐĂƐĂ ĨŝŶĂů
ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂƐ ƋƵĂƚƌŽ ƉĞĕĂƐ͘ WĂƌĂ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ĐĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ
ĚĞůĂƐĚĞǀĞƚĞƌĚĂĚŽƚŽĚĂĂǀŽůƚĂŶŽƚĂďƵůĞŝƌŽ͘
ZĞŐƌĂƐ͗
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬϭ͘ďƉ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬͲ
ϳϵŬ&ϯĐǇZŬŐͬz/ϳtŬǀũƐŚǆ/ͬǀƐŬͬZϲůdƋ&Ƶ>ϰƐ ĂĚĂ ũŽŐĂĚŽƌ ƌĞĐĞďĞ ƋƵĂƚƌŽ ƉĞĕĂƐ ĚĂ
DE/:ǇŐhũ>ϯƐŽϱ&Ăϴ<ůDY>Đ'Ɛz,YͬƐϱϬϭͬϭ͘ũƉŐƐ
ĐŽƌ ĞƐĐŽůŚŝĚĂ͘ ůĂƐ ĚĞǀĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĐŽůŽĐĂĚĂƐ ŶŽ

92
ƋƵĂĚƌŽĚĞĞƐƉĞƌĂ͘KŽďũĞƚŝǀŽĠƐĂŝƌĚĂĐĂƐĂĚĂƌ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝĚŽƐƐĞũĂĞǆĂƚŽ͘'ĂŶŚĂŽũŽŐĂĚŽƌƋƵĞ
ĂǀŽůƚĂĞŵƚŽĚŽŽƚĂďƵůĞŝƌŽĞĞŶƚƌĂƌŶŽĐĞŶƚƌŽ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌĞŶƚƌĂƌƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽĐŽŵĂƐϰƉĞĕĂƐŶĂ
ĚŽ ŵĞƐŵŽ͕ ĐĂĚĂ ƋƵĂů ƉĞůĂƐ ĐĂƐŝŶŚĂƐ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ ^͘
ŵĞƐŵĂĐŽƌ͘
● ZĞŐƌĂ ϭ͗WĂƌĂ ĐŽůŽĐĂƌ ƵŵĂ ƉĞĕĂ ŶŽ /ŵĂŐĞŵĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂͲ
ƐƚĂƚŝĐ͘ŵůĐĚŶ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬϴϬϬǆϱϲϬͬũŽŐŽͲĚĞͲůƵĚŽͲĞŵͲŵĚĨͲ
ũŽŐŽĠƉƌĞĐŝƐŽƚŝƌĂƌƵŵϱŶŽĚĂĚŽ͘ ƌĞŝĐŚĞůͬƉůĂǇŚŽďďŝĞƐͬϲϭϳƉͬϵϴĂϯϱϰϱďϱĨϱϬϯďĚϬĚĐϰĐϳďĨ
ĞϬϰϯϲϰďϳϵ͘ũƉŐĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϭϳĚĞĂŐŽ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
● ZĞŐƌĂ Ϯ͗KƐ ũŽŐĂĚŽƌĞƐ ũŽŐĂŵ ƉŽƌ
dĞǆƚŽĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
ƚƵƌŶŽƐ͕ĂǀĂŶĕĂŶĚŽĐŽŵƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĨŝĐŚĂƚĂŶƚŽƐ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĞĚƵĐůƵď͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬũŽŐŽͲĚĞͲƚĂďƵůĞŝƌŽͲůƵĚŽͲ
ŽͲƋƵĞͲĞͲƌĞŐƌĂƐͲĞͲďĞŶĞĨŝĐŝŽƐͲƉĂƌĂͲĂͲŵĞŶƚĞͲŝŶĨĂŶƚŝůͬ
ůƵŐĂƌĞƐĐŽŵŽŝŶĚŝĐĂŽĚĂĚŽ͘ ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϭϳĚĞĂŐŽ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽ͘
● ZĞŐƌĂϯ͗^ĞƚŝƌĂƌŽƐĞŝƐŶŽĚĂĚŽ͕ƉŽĚĞ
ƌĞƉĞƚŝƌ͘DĂƐ͕ƐĞƚŝƌĂƌƚƌġƐϲƐĞŐƵŝĚŽƐ͕ĂƷůƚŝŵĂ
ϯ͘ Nesse texto, a forma verbal “ůŝŵŝŶĞ” (ℓ.
ƉĞĕĂŵŽǀŝĚĂǀŽůƚĂƉĂƌĂŽƋƵĂĚƌŽĚĞĞƐƉĞƌĂ͘
ϭϱͿ ĨŽŝƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂĐŽŵĂŝŶƚĞŶĕĆŽĚĞ
● ZĞŐƌĂϰ͗YƵĂŶĚŽƵŵũŽŐĂĚŽƌƚŝǀĞƌĂƐϰ
ĨŝĐŚĂƐĞŵũŽŐŽ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽƚŝƌĂƌϲŶŽĚĂĚŽ͕ĚĞǀĞ ;Ϳ ĚĂƌƵŵĂŝŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ͘
ĐŽŶƚĂƌϳ͘ ;Ϳ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƌŝŵƉĂĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͘
● ZĞŐƌĂ ϱ͗ ^Ğ ƵŵĂ ƉĞĕĂ ĐŽŝŶĐŝĚŝƌ ĐŽŵ ;Ϳ ĨĂǌĞƌƵŵĂƉĞůŽ͘
ƵŵĂ ĐĂƐĂ ŽĐƵƉĂĚĂ ƉŽƌ ŽƵƚƌĂ ĐŽƌ ĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂ͕ ;Ϳ ƐƵŐĞƌŝƌƌĂƉŝĚĞǌ͘
>/D/EͲ͕ ŽďƌŝŐĂŶĚŽ Ă ǀŽůƚĂƌ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞƵ

ƋƵĂĚƌŽ ĚĞ ĞƐƉĞƌĂ͘ K ũŽŐĂĚŽƌ ƋƵĞ ƚŝǀĞƌ ϰ͘ Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ĐĂĚĂ ƉĞĕĂ ƋƵĞ
ĞůŝŵŝŶĂĚŽĂǀĂŶĕĂϮϬƉŽƐƚŽƐĐŽŵƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĚĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĂƌ ŶĂ ĐĂƐĂ ĚĄ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĂŽ ũŽŐĂĚŽƌ ĚĞ
ƉĞĕĂƐƋƵĞƚŝǀĞƌŶŽƚĂďƵůĞŝƌŽ͘ ĂǀĂŶĕĂƌ
● ZĞŐƌĂ ϲ͗ &ŝĐĂŵ ĞǆĐůƵşĚĂƐ ĚŽ ĐĂƐŽ

;ͿϱƉŽŶƚŽƐ͘
ĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ ĂƐ ƉĞĕĂƐ ƋƵĞ͕ ŶŽ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ͕
;ͿϭϬƉŽŶƚŽƐ͘
ĞƐƚŝǀĞƌĞŵ ŽĐƵƉĂŶĚŽ ĂƐ ĐĂƐŝŶŚĂƐ ĂƐƐŝŶĂůĂĚĂƐ
;ͿϴƉŽŶƚŽƐ͘
ĐŽŵƵŵĐşƌĐƵůŽƋƵĞƐĞĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂŵ^'hZK^͘
;ͿϭϮƉŽŶƚŽƐ͘
● ZĞŐƌĂ ϳ͗ ƵĂƐ ƉĞĕĂƐ ĚĂ ŵĞƐŵĂ ĐŽƌ
ŶƵŵĂ ĐĂƐŝŶŚĂ ĨŽƌŵĂŵ ƵŵĂ ZZ/Z͘ ƐƐĂ
>ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂďĂŝǆŽĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ƚĞƌĄƋƵĞƐĞĚĞƐĨĂǌĞƌƋƵĂŶĚŽŽũŽŐĂĚŽƌƋƵĞĂ
ϱĞϲ͘
ĨŽƌŵĂƚŝƌĂƌƵŵϲŶŽĚĂĚŽ͘
● ZĞŐƌĂϴ͗ĂĚĂƉĞĕĂƋƵĞĞŶƚƌĂƌŶĂ^
Luizette Azeredo, a “tia” que fez história na
ĚĄĚŝƌĞŝƚŽĂƐĞƵũŽŐĂĚŽƌĚĞĂǀĂŶĕĂƌϭϬƉŽŶƚŽƐ
ĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĞŶƐĞ
ĐŽŵĂƉĞĕĂƋƵĞĚĞƐĞũĂƌ͘WĂƌĂĞŶƚƌĂƌŶĂ^
ŶŽƐƐĂƌĂǀĂDƵůŚĞƌĚĞŚŽũĞĠ>ƵŝǌĞƚƚĞ
Ġ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ
ǌĞƌĞĚŽ ŝƚƚĞŶĐŽƵƌƚ͕ ϴϱ ĂŶŽƐ͕ ŶĂƐĐŝĚĂ Ğŵ

93
^ĂŶƚĂ ŶŐĠůŝĐĂ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ ĚĞ ůĞŐƌĞ͕ ;A) “...85 anos, nascida em Santa Angélica...”
ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂĚşƐƐŝŵĂ ŶŽ ŵĞŝŽ ĞĚƵĐĂĐŝŽŶĂů ŶĆŽ ;B) “Ela começou a dar aulas aos 20 anos...”
ĂƉĞŶĂƐĞŵĂĐŚŽĞŝƌŽ͕ŵĂƐĞŵƚŽĚŽŽƐƉşƌŝƚŽ ;C) “Hoje o IPE tem 180 funcionários...”
^ĂŶƚŽ͘ ;D) “...respeitadíssima no meio educacional...”
ůĂ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ĚĂƌ ĂƵůĂƐ ĂŽƐ ϮϬ ĂŶŽƐ͕
ĚĞĚŝĐŽƵƚŽĚĂ Ă ƐƵĂ ǀŝĚĂ ă ĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ͕Ğ ĂŝŶĚĂ ϲ͘ No trecho “ůĂ ĨƵŶĚŽƵ Ă ĂŶƚŝŐĂ ĞƐĐŽůĂ
ŚŽũĞ ŵĂƌĐĂ ĨŽƌƚĞ ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ŶŽ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŽ ĚĞ Pequeno Príncipe...”, a palavra destacada se
WĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ĚƵĐĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ;/WͿ͕ ĞƐĐŽůĂ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ ƌĞĨĞƌĞă
ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ĞŽŶĚĞĞƐƚƵĚĂŵŶĞƚŽƐĚĞĂůƵŶŽƐ
ƐĞƵƐ͘ ;ͿĞƋƵŝƉĞ͘
ůĂ ĨƵŶĚŽƵ Ă ĂŶƚŝŐĂ ĞƐĐŽůĂ WĞƋƵĞŶŽ ;Ϳ>ƵŝǌĞƚƚĞǌĞƌĞĚŽŝƚƚĞŶĐŽƵƌƚ͘
WƌşŶĐŝƉĞ Ğ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ ĂŽƐ Ϯ͘ϱϬϬ ĂůƵŶŽƐ͘ ĞƉŽŝƐ ;Ϳ^ĂŶƚĂŶŐĠůŝĐĂ͘
ĐŽŵƉƌŽƵŽWĂƚŝŶŚĂƐ͘ ;ͿĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĞŶƐĞ͘
ĞƵ ă ĞƐĐŽůĂ Ž ŶŽŵĞ ĚĞ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŽ ĚĞ
WĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ĚƵĐĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ;/WͿ ŚĄ ϮϬ ĂŶŽƐ͘
ŽŵĞĕŽƵĐŽŵϰϯϲĂůƵŶŽƐ͘^ſŚĂǀŝĂĂƵůĂƐƉĞůĂ
ŵĂŶŚĆ ƉĂƌĂ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ ĚŽ ŝŶĨĂŶƚŝů Ğ
ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů͘΀͘͘͘΁
ŶŽƐƐĂ ƌĂǀĂ DƵůŚĞƌ ĐŽŶƚĂ ƋƵĞ͕
ũƵŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŵ Ă ƐƵĂ ĞƋƵŝƉĞ͕ ĨĞǌ Ƶŵ
ƉůĂŶĞũĂŵĞŶƚŽƉĂƌĂĂĞƐĐŽůĂƌĞĐĠŵͲĂĚƋƵŝƌŝĚĂ͘
ƐŵĞƚĂƐƐĆŽƉĂƌĂĐĂĚĂĐŝŶĐŽĂŶŽƐ͘
,ŽũĞŽ/WƚĞŵϭϴϬĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĄƌŝŽƐ͕ϭ͘ϬϯϬĂůƵŶŽƐ
ĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚŽƐƋƵĂƚƌŽĂŶŽƐĂƚĠŽĞŶƐŝŶŽŵĠĚŝŽ͕
ŵĂŝƐ ĚĞ ϭϬϬ Ğŵ ƚĞŵƉŽ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂů͕ Ğ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ
>ƵŝǌĞƚƚĞŚĄŝŶƷŵĞƌŽƐƉĞĚŝĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽ
ĚŽŚŽƌĄƌŝŽĞƐƚĞŶĚŝĚŽ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŝĂĂĚŝĂĞƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬďƌĂǀĂƐŵƵůŚĞƌĞƐͬůƵŝǌĞƚƚĞͲ
ĂǌĞƌĞĚŽͲĂͲƚŝĂͲƋƵĞͲĨĞǌͲŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂͲŶĂͲĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽͲ
ĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĞŶƐĞͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϭϳĚĞĂŐŽ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
ϱ͘ EĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͕ĂĨƌĂƐĞƋƵĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƵŵĂ
ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽĠ

94
>ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂƐăƐƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐ
ϳĂϭϲ͘
ůĂĚŝŵĚĞƐĐĞƵƉŽƌƵŵĂĐŽƌĚĂ͘>ĄĚĞŶƚƌŽǀŝƵŽ
ůĂĚŝŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƚĞƐŽƵƌŽĞĨŝĐŽƵŵĂƌĂǀŝůŚĂĚŽ͘ŶĐŚĞƵŽƐ
ďŽůƐŽƐĐŽŵũŽŝĂƐĞďƌŝůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĂĐŚŽƵĂůąŵƉĂĚĂ
ƌĂƵŵĂǀĞǌ͕Ƶŵ ĚŽ DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ Ğ ǀŽůƚŽƵ͘ DĂƐ Ž DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ ũĄ
ǀĞůŚŽ ƚĞĐĞůĆŽ͕ ŚĂǀŝĂƌĞƚŝƌĂĚŽĂĐŽƌĚĂ͘
ƋƵĞ ƚĞŶƚĂǀĂ ĚĞ Ͳ WƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ĚġͲŵĞ Ă ůąŵƉĂĚĂ͊ Ͳ ŝƐƐĞ Ž
ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ͘
ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂƐ ͲEĆŽ͊EĂĚĂĨĞŝƚŽ͊ͲŝƐƐĞůĂĚŝŵ͘
ĞŶƐŝŶĂƌ Ž ŽĨşĐŝŽ K DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ͕ ƌĂŝǀŽƐŽ͕ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵŽƵͲƐĞ Ğŵ Ƶŵ
ĂŽ ƐĞƵ ĨŝůŚŽ͕ ůĂĚŝŵ͘ DĂƐ ůĂĚŝŵ ŶĆŽ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ďƌƵǆŽĞƌŽŐŽƵƵŵĂƉƌĂŐĂ͕ƚƌĂŶĐĂŶĚŽůĂĚŝŵŶĂ
ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂĚŽ͘ hŵ ĚŝĂ͕ Ž ƚĞĐĞůĆŽ ĂĚŽĞĐĞƵ Ğ ĐĂǀĞƌŶĂ͘
ŵŽƌƌĞƵ͘ ŝĂƐ ĚĞƉŽŝƐ͕ Ƶŵ DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ ă ůĂĚŝŵ ĨŝĐŽƵ ƐŽǌŝŶŚŽ ŶŽ ĞƐĐƵƌŽ͘ ^Ğŵ ƋƵĞƌĞƌ͕
ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂĚŽƉĂŝĚĞůĂĚŝŵ͘ ĞƐĨƌĞŐŽƵĂůąŵƉĂĚĂĞƵŵ'ġŶŝŽĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƵ͘
Ͳ DĞƵ ƉĂŝ ĞƐƚĄ ŵŽƌƚŽ͘ ŝƐƐĞ ůĂĚŝŵ ĂŽ ͲŐŽƌĂ͕ǀŽĐġĠŵĞƵĂŵŽ͘WĞĕĂŽƋƵĞƋƵŝƐĞƌ͊
DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ͘ ^ƵƌƉƌĞƐŽĐŽŵŽ'ġŶŝŽ͕ĚŝƐƐĞ͗
K DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ ĐŚŽƌŽƵ ĚŝĂŶƚĞ ĚŽƐ ĂŵŝŐŽƐ ĚĞ Ͳ YƵĞƌŽ ŝƌ ƉĂƌĂ ĐĂƐĂ͊ EƵŵ ŝŶƐƚĂŶƚĞ͕ ůĂĚŝŵ
ůĂĚŝŵ͘ ĞƐƚĂǀĂĞŵĐĂƐĂ͘
ͲƐƵĂŵĆĞ͕ĐŽŵŽĞƐƚĄ͍dĞŶŚŽĂƋƵŝĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ůĞŐƌĞ͕ ĐŽŶƚŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ƐƵĂ ŵĆĞ͕ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŵ Ă
ŵŽĞĚĂƐĚĞŽƵƌŽƉĂƌĂĞůĂ͊ͲŝƐƐĞŽDĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ͘ ĂũƵĚĂ ĚŽ 'ġŶŝŽ ĨĞǌ Ƶŵ ďĂŶƋƵĞƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ
K DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ ĚĞƵ ĂƐ ŵŽĞĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ŵĆĞ ĚĞ ĐŽŵĞŵŽƌĂƌ͘
ůĂĚŝŵĞĚŝƐƐĞ͗ hŵ ĚŝĂ͕ ůĂĚŝŵ ǀŝƵƉĂƐƐĂƌ Ă ĨŝůŚĂ ĚŽ ^ƵůƚĆŽĞ
Ͳ >ĞǀĂƌĞŝ ŽƌĂƉĂǌ Ğ ǀŽƵĨĂǌĞƌ ĚĞůĞ Ƶŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ĨŝĐŽƵĂƉĂŝǆŽŶĂĚŽ͘&ŽŝĂƚĠŽƉĂůĄĐŝŽĞŽŵŝŶŝƐƚƌŽ
ĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂŶƚĞ͘ ĚŽ^ƵůƚĆŽĚŝƐƐĞ͗
ŵĆĞ͕ ǀĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ŚŽŵĞŵ ĞƌĂ ďŽŶĚŽƐŽ͕ Ͳ WƌŝŶĐĞƐĂ ŵĞƌĞĐĞ ƋƵĂƌĞŶƚĂ ďĂƷƐ ĐŚĞŝŽƐ ĚĞ
ĐŽŶĐŽƌĚŽƵ͘ ũŽŝĂƐ͊ ůĂĚŝŵ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ ƉĞĚŝƵ ĂŽ 'ġŶŝŽ ĂƋƵĞůĂ
K DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ ůĞǀŽƵ ůĂĚŝŵ ĂƚĠ Ž ƉĠ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĨŽƌƚƵŶĂ͘ĞƉŽŝƐĞŶƚƌĞŐŽƵƚƵĚŽĂŽ^ƵůƚĆŽ͕ƋƵĞ͕
ŵŽŶƚĂŶŚĂĞŵŽƐƚƌŽƵͲůŚĞƵŵĂĐĂǀĞƌŶĂ͘ ĂĚŵŝƌĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ ǀĞƌ ƚĂŶƚĂƐ ũŽŝĂƐ͕ ĂĐĞŝƚŽƵ͘
Ͳ ůŝ ĞǆŝƐƚĞ Ƶŵ ƚĞƐŽƵƌŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞƌĄ ƐĞƵ͘ ŝƐƐĞ Ž ĂƐĂƌĂŵͲƐĞĞĨŽƌĂŵŵŽƌĂƌŶƵŵƉĂůĄĐŝŽ͘
ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ͘ KƌƵǆŽ͕ǀĞŶĚŽůĂĚŝŵƌŝĐŽĞĐĂƐĂĚŽĐŽŵƵŵĂ
ͲĐŚĞƵŵĂǀĞůŚĂůąŵƉĂĚĂƉĂƌĂŵŝŵĞĨŝĐĂƌĞŝ ƉƌŝŶĐĞƐĂ͕ ƋƵŝƐ ƐĞ ǀŝŶŐĂƌ͘ ŝƐĨĂƌĕŽƵͲƐĞ ĚĞ
ƐĂƚŝƐĨĞŝƚŽ͘ ǀĞŶĚĞĚŽƌ ĚĞ ůąŵƉĂĚĂƐ Ğ ĨŽŝ ĂƚĠ Ž ƉĂůĄĐŝŽ͘

95
ŚĂŵŽƵĂWƌŝŶĐĞƐĂĞŽĨĞƌĞĐĞƵĂĞůĂůąŵƉĂĚĂƐ ϴ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĞŽƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƚƌĞĐŚŽĚŽƚĞǆƚŽ͘
ŶŽǀĂƐĞŵƚƌŽĐĂĚĂƐǀĞůŚĂƐ͘ “Aladim ĚĞƐĐĞƵ ƉŽƌ ƵŵĂ ĐŽƌĚĂ͘ >Ą
WƌŝŶĐĞƐĂ͕ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ƚƌŽĐŽƵĂůąŵƉĂĚĂĚĞůĂĚŝŵ͘ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ǀŝƵ Ž ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƚĞƐŽƵƌŽ Ğ ĨŝĐŽƵ
K ƌƵǆŽ ƉĞŐŽƵͲĂ Ğ ĨĞǌ Ž 'ġŶŝŽ ĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƌ͘ ŵĂƌĂǀŝůŚĂĚŽ͘ ŶĐŚĞƵ ŽƐ ďŽůƐŽƐ ĐŽŵ ũŽŝĂƐ Ğ
KƌĚĞŶŽƵƋƵĞŽƉĂůĄĐŝŽĨŽƐƐĞĚĞůĞĞĂWƌŝŶĐĞƐĂ ďƌŝůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ĂĐŚŽƵ Ă ůąŵƉĂĚĂ ĚŽ DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ Ğ
ĨŝĐĂƐƐĞƐƵĂƉƌŝƐŝŽŶĞŝƌĂ͘K'ġŶŝŽŽďĞĚĞĐĞƵ͘ ǀŽůƚŽƵ͘ DĂƐ Ž DĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ ũĄ ŚĂǀŝĂ ƌĞƚŝƌĂĚŽ Ă
YƵĂŶĚŽůĂĚŝŵǀŽůƚŽƵ͕ǀŝƵƵŵƉŽƌƚĆŽŝŵĞŶƐŽ corda.”
Ğ ŐƵĂƌĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ Ž ĚĞŝǆĂƌĂŵ ĞŶƚƌĂƌ ŶŽ
ƉĂůĄĐŝŽ͘ĞƵĂǀŽůƚĂŶŽĐĂƐƚĞůŽĞǀŝƵĂWƌŝŶĐĞƐĂ KƐǀĞƌďŽƐĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚŽƐĞƐƚĆŽĐŽŶũƵŐĂĚŽƐŶŽ͗
ŶĂũĂŶĞůĂ͘ůĂĐŽŶƚŽƵŽƋƵĞĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵĞůĂĚŝŵ
ĚŝƐƐĞ͗ ;ͿƉƌĞƚĠƌŝƚŽƉĞƌĨĞŝƚŽ͘
Ͳ ,ŽũĞ͕ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ž ũĂŶƚĂƌ͕ ĐŽůŽƋƵĞ ƐŽŶşĨĞƌŽ ŶŽ ;ͿƉƌĞƚĠƌŝƚŽŝŵƉĞƌĨĞŝƚŽ͘
ǀŝŶŚŽĚŽƌƵǆŽ͘ ;ͿƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ͘
WƌŝŶĐĞƐĂĨĞǌŝƐƐŽĞŽDĞƌĐĂĚŽƌĂĚŽƌŵĞĐĞƵ͘ ;ͿƉƌĞƚĠƌŝƚŽŵĂŝƐƋƵĞƉĞƌĨĞŝƚŽ͘
ůĂ ƉĞŐŽƵ Ă ůąŵƉĂĚĂ͕ ĞƐĨƌĞŐŽƵ Ğ ĚĞƉŽŝƐ
ŽƌĚĞŶŽƵĂŽ'ġŶŝŽ͗ ϵ͘ KƋƵĞĚĄŝŶşĐŝŽăŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂŶĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͍
ͲĞŝǆĞƚƵĚŽĐŽŵŽĂŶƚĞƐĞŵĂŶĚĞŽƌƵǆŽƉĂƌĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ďĞŵůŽŶŐĞ͕ŶĂĨƌŝĐĂ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
DƵŝƚŽ ĨĞůŝǌ͕ ůĂĚŝŵ ĚĞƵ ƵŵĂ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ĨĞƐƚĂ ŶŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƐĞƵĐĂƐƚĞůŽ͘ǀŝǀĞƌĂŵĨĞůŝǌĞƐƚŽĚŽƐŽƐĂŶŽƐĚĞ
ƐƵĂƐǀŝĚĂƐ͘ ϭϬ͘ K ŐġŶĞƌŽ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ƶŵ ĞŶƌĞĚŽ
ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ŝŶŝĐŝĂů͕ ƉŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ͕
;dĞǆƚŽ ĚĞ ƌŝƐƚŝŶĂ DĂƌƋƵĞƐ Ğ ZŽďĞƌƚŽ Ğůůŝ͘ ,ŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ
ŶĐĂŶƚĂĚĂƐ͘ĚŝƚŽƌĂƌĂƐŝů>ĞŝƚƵƌĂ͘Ϳ ŽĐŽƌƌĞ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ ƋƵĞ Ġ Ă ŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽŝŶŝĐŝĂů͘EĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͕ƋƵĂůĠŽĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ͍
dĞǆƚŽ Ğ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞŝƐ Ğŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉ͗ͬͬƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌũĞĂŶƌŽĚƌŝŐƵĞƐ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϭϵͬϬϮͬ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞͲƐŽďƌĞͲŽͲŐĞŶĞƌŽͲĐŽŶƚŽͲϲͲĂŶŽ͘Śƚŵů͕ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ĞŵϮϯĚĞũƵŶ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϬ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ϳ͘ WĞůĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞ
ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌƋƵĞĞůĞƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞĂŽŐġŶĞƌŽ
;ͿŶŽƚşĐŝĂ͘
;ͿƌĞƉŽƌƚĂŐĞŵ͘
;ͿĐŽŶƚŽ͘
;ͿĂƌƚŝŐŽĚĞŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͘

96
ϭϭ͘ YƵĂůĠŽƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵƉƌŽƚĂŐŽŶŝƐƚĂ͕ŶĞƐƐĂ ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶĂ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƚĂƌ Ğ ŽƵǀŝƌ

ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ Ğ ƋƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ͘
ƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝŽƐ͍ ;Ϳ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ƚĞǆƚƵĂů ƋƵĞ ƐĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂƉŽƌƌĞƚƌĂƚĂƌƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐǀŝŶĐƵůĂĚĂƐĂŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĂĐĂďĂŵ ǀŝƌĂŶĚŽ ƚĞŵĂƐ ĚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂŵŝŐŽƐ ŽƵ ĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌĞƐ͕ ĐŽŵ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͕ůĞǀĞĞƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͘
;ͿŶŽƚşĐŝĂ͕ƉŽŝƐƚĞŵĂĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƌĂƐ
ϭϮ͘ K ĐŽŶƚŽ͕ Ă ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ Ğ Ž ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ ƐĆŽ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͕ ƐĞŶƐŝďŝůŝǌĄͲůĂƐ ƐŽďƌĞ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ
ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽƐ͘ YƵĂŝƐ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ͘
ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌŽĞŵ ;ͿĐĂƌƚĂǌ͕ƉŽŝƐĠŵĂƌĐĂĚŽĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞƉĞůĂ
ƵŵĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͍ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝǀĂ͕ ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ƉĞůĂ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂƉĞůĂƚŝǀĂ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ &ĂĕĂĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂĚŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌƉĂƌĂƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƌ
ăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐϭϱĂϮϭ͘
ϭϯ͘ KƐ ƐŝŶĂŝƐ ĚĞ ƚƌĂǀĞƐƐĆŽ Ğ ĚŽŝƐͲƉŽŶƚŽƐ ƚŝĐĂŶĂƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ–WƌĂƚŝƋƵĞ͊
ĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŵ Ğŵ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ YƵĂŶĚŽ ŶĂǀĞŐĂŵŽƐ ŶĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͕
ƉĂƌĂ criamos a ilusão de estarmos “imunes” às
ŶŽƐƐĂƐ ƉƵďůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ͕ ĨŽƚŽƐ͕ ǀşĚĞŽƐ͘͘͘
;Ϳ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƌ Ă ĨĂůĂ ĚŽ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ WŽƌĠŵ͕ŵƵŝƚŽƐƐĞĞƐƋƵĞĐĞŵĚĞƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ
ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽĚŝƌĞƚŽ͘ ƐĞƌ ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂĚŽƐ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ
;ͿŝŶĚŝĐĂƌĂƐĨĂůĂƐĚŽƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽ ƉŽƐƚĂŵŽƐ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƐŽŵŽƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ
ĚĞĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽŝŶĚŝƌĞƚŽ͘ ƉŽƌ ŶŽƐƐĂƐ ĂĕƁĞƐ ŽŶůŝŶĞ͘ ůŐƵŵĂƐ ƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐ
;ͿŝŶĚŝĐĂƌĂƐĨĂůĂƐĚŽƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͕ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽ ƉŽĚĞŵĂƚĠŐĞƌĂƌƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐƉŽƌĐĂƵƐĂĚĞƵŵĂ
ĚĞĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽĚŝƌĞƚŽ͘ ůĞǀĞ ďƌŝŶĐĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ ŝƐƐŽ ƐĞŵ ĐŽŶƚĂƌ ĚĞŵŝƐƐƁĞƐ
;Ϳ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƌ Ă ĨĂůĂ ĚŽ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ƉŽƌ ũƵƐƚĂ ĐĂƵƐĂ͕ ƐĞƉĂƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĐĂƐĂŝƐ͕ ďƌŝŐĂƐ
ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽŝŶĚŝƌĞƚŽ͘ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂŵŝŐŽƐ Ğ ĞƚĐ͕͘ ƉŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ Ġ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ
ŵĂŶƚĞƌ ƵŵĂ ƉŽƐƚƵƌĂ ĠƚŝĐĂ ŶĆŽ Ɛſ ŶĂƐ ƌĞĚĞƐ
ϭϰ͘ O texto “Aladim” é considerado um (uma) ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ŵĂƐĞŵƚŽĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘EĂĚƷǀŝĚĂ͕ŶĆŽ
ƉƵďůŝƋƵĞ͊
;ͿĐŽŶƚŽ͕ƉŽŝƐĠƵŵŐġŶĞƌŽůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽƋƵĞƚĞŵ dŽĚŽƐŶſƐƐĂďĞŵŽƐƋƵĞĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚĂďƌĞ
ƵŵĂ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ ĐƵƌƚĂ Ğ ƚĞŵ ƐƵĂ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ĚĂ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŶŽƐ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌŵŽƐ ĐŽŵ

97
ŵĂŝƐ ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŵŽƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ƋƵĞ ϭϳ͘ EĂĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ“O seu direito termina onde
ƉĞŶƐĂŵ ĚĞ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ƉĂƌĞĐŝĚĂ ;ŽƵ ŶĆŽͿ͕ ŵĂƐ começa o direito do outro” infereͲƐĞƋƵĞ
ůĞŵďƌĞͲse: “O seu direito termina onde ;Ϳ Ă ƐƵĂ ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ƉŽĚĞ
começa o direito do outro”. ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌŽŽƵƚƌŽ͘
:Ą ƋƵĞ Ă ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ŶĆŽ Ġ ƚĆŽ ůĞŐĂů ;Ϳ ŽƐĞƵĚŝƌĞŝƚŽĚĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌͲƐĞĞƐƚĄĂůĠŵĚŽ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂĚŽĠǀŽĐġ͕ĞŶƚĆŽĂŶƚĞƐĚĞ ŽƵƚƌŽ͘
ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌƉŽƌŝŵƉƵůƐŽ͕ƉĞŶƐĞƵŵƉŽƵĐŽ͕ǀĞũĂƐĞ ;Ϳ ŽƐĞƵĚŝƌĞŝƚŽĚĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĠŝŶĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞĂŽ
ŶĆŽ ǀĂŝ ŽĨĞŶĚĞƌ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ĂůŐƵĠŵ ƉŽĚĞ ŽƵƚƌŽ͘
ƵŵĚŝĂƐĞĚĞƉĂƌĂƌĐŽŵĂůŐƵŵĂĐŽŝƐĂƋƵĞǀŽĐġ ;Ϳ ĂƐƵĂĨŽƌŵĂĚĞƐĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌŶĆŽƉŽĚĞĨĞƌŝƌ
ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƵĞŶĆŽŐŽƐƚĂƌ͕ĚĂşŽƉƌŽďůĞŵĂĐŽŵĞĕĂ͘ Ž ŽƵƚƌŽ͘
ůĞŵďƌĞͲƐĞ͗ƉŽƌŵĂŝƐƋƵĞǀŽĐġƉĞŶƐĞ
ƋƵĞŶĆŽĠŵŽŶŝƚŽƌĂĚŽ͕ŝƐƐŽŶĆŽĠǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ŶĂ ϭϴ͘ Em “ůĞŵďƌĞͲƐĞ͗ƉŽƌŵĂŝƐƋƵĞǀŽĐġƉĞŶƐĞ
ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚƚƵĚŽĠƌĂƐƚƌĞĂĚŽƐŝŵ͕ĞŶƚĆŽŶĆŽĂďƵƐĞ que não é monitorado, isso não é verdade, ...”
ĞĂũĂĐŽŵĠƚŝĐĂĞƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ͊ ĂĐŽŶũƵŶĕĆŽĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂĚĄĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞ
;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽĚĞŚƚƚƉƐ͗ďůŽŐƉŵĞǁƐǁŝƌĞ͘ĐŽŵͬ
ϮϬϭϯͬϬϭͬϮϭͬĠƚŝĐĂͲŶĂƐͲƌĞĚĞƐͲƐŽĐŝĂŝƐͲƉƌĂƚŝƋƵĞͬ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵϮϮĚĞũƵŶĚĞϮϬϮϬ͘ ;Ϳ ŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͘
;Ϳ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘
ϭϱ͘ YƵĂůĠĂƚĞƐĞƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂĚŽƉĞůŽĂƵƚŽƌŶĞƐƐĞ ;Ϳ ĂĚŝĕĆŽ͘
ĂƌƚŝŐŽ͍ ;Ϳ ĂůƚĞƌŶąŶĐŝĂ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ϭϵ͘ KƚĞǆƚŽĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽĠƵŵĂƌƚŝŐŽĚĞŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ
ϭϲ͘ YƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ ;Ϳ ĠƵŵŐġŶĞƌŽĚĂĞƐĨĞƌĂũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐĂƋƵĞƐĞ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐƉĞůŽĂƵƚŽƌƉĂƌĂƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂƌĂƐƵĂƚĞƐĞ͍ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂ ƉŽƌ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ Ƶŵ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ǀŝƐƚĂƐŽďƌĞƵŵƚĞŵĂĂƚƵĂůĞƉŽůġŵŝĐŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐŶĆŽƐĆŽĚŽƉƌſƉƌŝŽĂƵƚŽƌ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƵƐĂ ĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĂƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ǀĂƌŝĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐĞƌ ƐĞƵƐ

ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌĞƐ͘

98
;Ϳ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ >ĞŝĂĂŶŽƚşĐŝĂĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐϮϮĂϮϱ͘

ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂƉŽƌŶŽƚŝĐŝĂƌĂůŐƵŵĨĂƚŽ͘ Z/EEdhZ^hEDKdKW>
dZZ
ϮϬ͘ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƋƵĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƵŵĂŽƉŝŶŝĆŽƐŽďƌĞ hŵĂďŽůŚĂĐŝŶǌĂŐŝŐĂŶƚĞƐĞƌĄŵŽŶƚĂĚĂ
Ž ĨĂƚŽĚŝƐĐƵƚŝĚŽŶŽƚĞǆƚŽĠ ĞŵƌĂƐşůŝĂƉĂƌĂƉƌŽƚĞƐƚĂƌĐŽŶƚƌĂŽWĂĐŽƚĞĚĂ
ĞƐƚƌƵŝĕĆŽ͕ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĚĞůĞŝƐƋƵĞ͕ƐĞĂƉƌŽǀĂĚŽ͕
;Ϳ“Porém, muitos se ĞƐƋƵĞĐĞŵĚĞƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌĄĂĚĞǀĂƐƚĂĕĆŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂů
ƐĞƌ ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂĚŽƐ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ EĞƐƚĂ ƋƵĂƌƚĂͲĨĞŝƌĂ͕ ĚŝĂ ϵͬϯ͕ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞ͕
ƉŽƐƚĂŵŽƐ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƐŽŵŽƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ĞŵĨƌĞŶƚĞĂŽŽŶŐƌĞƐƐŽEĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ĞŵƌĂƐşůŝĂ͕
por nossas ações online.” às 15h, o “Ato Pela Terra”. Esse evento tem por
;Ϳ“Algumas situações podem até gerar ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĂƌ ĂƐ ĂƵƚŽƌŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ă
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐƉŽƌĐĂƵƐĂĚĞƵŵĂůĞǀĞďƌŝŶĐĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ ĂƉƌŽǀĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵƉĂĐŽƚĞĚĞƉƌŽũĞƚŽƐĚĞůĞŝƋƵĞ
ŝƐƐŽ ƐĞŵ ĐŽŶƚĂƌ ĚĞŵŝƐƐƁĞƐ ƉŽƌ ũƵƐƚĂ ĐĂƵƐĂ͕ ŝŵƉĂĐƚĂŵ͕ ĚŝƌĞƚĂ Ğ ŝƌƌĞǀĞƌƐŝǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ă
ƐĞƉĂƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĐĂƐĂŝƐ͕ ďƌŝŐĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂŵŝŐŽƐ Ğ ŵĂǌƀŶŝĂ͕ŽƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐŚƵŵĂŶŽƐĞŽĐůŝŵĂ͘
etc.” K ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵĂ ƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ EĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ
;Ϳ“Já que a situação não é tão legal quando o ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂƌĄ ĚŽ ĞǀĞŶƚŽ Ğŵ ƉĂƌĐĞƌŝĂ ĐŽŵ Ž
ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂĚŽ Ġ ǀŽĐġ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ ĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌ ŐƌƵƉŽ&ĂŵşůŝĂƐ ƉĞůŽ ůŝŵĂ͘ ,Ą ƚĂŵďĠŵ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ
ƉŽƌŝŵƉƵůƐŽ͕ƉĞŶƐĞƵŵƉŽƵĐŽ͕ǀĞũĂƐĞŶĆŽǀĂŝ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ Đŝǀŝů Ğ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ
ofender ninguém...” ĐŽŶǀŝĚĂĚŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽĂĞƚĂŶŽsĞůŽƐŽ͕EĂŶĚŽZĞŝƐ
;Ϳ“Todos nós sabemos que a internet abre Ğ>ĄǌĂƌŽZĂŵŽƐ͘
ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŶŽƐ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌŵŽƐ ĐŽŵ hŵĂ ĞŶŽƌŵĞ ďŽůŚĂ ĐŝŶǌĂ
ŵĂŝƐ ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŵŽƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ Ă ƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽ ĚŽ Ăƌ ƐĞƌĄ
pensam de maneira parecida (ou não) ...” ŵŽŶƚĂĚĂĞŵ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ ă ƐƉůĂŶĂĚĂ ĚŽƐ
DŝŶŝƐƚĠƌŝŽƐ͘ůĂĨĂǌƉĂƌƚĞĚĂĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂŐůŽďĂů
Ϯϭ͘ Em “Quando navegamos na internet, criamos “Livre para Brincar Lá Fora”, que alerta para os
a ilusão de estarmos “ŝŵƵŶĞƐ” às nossas ƉƌĞũƵşǌŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ă ƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽ ƚƌĂǌ ă ƐĂƷĚĞ ĚĞ
publicações, textos, fotos, vídeos...” podeͲƐĞ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐĞĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ŝŶĨĞƌŝƌĚĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĐƌŝĂŶĐĂĞŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͘ŽƌŐ͘ďƌͬŶŽƚŝĐŝĂƐͬĂƚŽͲƉĞůĂͲ
ƚĞƌƌĂͬη͗Ε͗ƚĞǆƚсϬϳйϮϬŵĂƌйϮϬƌŝĂŶйϯйϳĂйϮϬĞйϮϬ
;Ϳ ŝƐĞŶĕĆŽ͘
EĂƚƵƌĞǌĂйϮϬƐĞйϮϬƵŶĞйϮϬĂŽйϮϬƚŽйϮϬƉĞůĂйϮϬdĞƌ
;Ϳ ƐƵũĞŝĕĆŽ͘ ƌĂΘƚĞǆƚсƐƐĞйϮϬĞǀĞŶƚŽйϮϬƚĞŵйϮϬƉŽƌйϮϬŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ͕Ě
ŝƌĞŝƚŽƐйϮϬŚƵŵĂŶŽƐйϮϬĞйϮϬŽйϮϬĐůŝŵĂ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϭϮ
;Ϳ ĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͘ ƐĞƚ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘
;Ϳ ƐƵƐĐĞƚŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͘

99
ϮϮ͘ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞƐƚĂ ŶŽƚşĐŝĂ Ġ ;ͿĂƚƌŝďƵŝƌƵŵĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞĚĞƐƋƵĂůŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘

ƋƵĞ ;ͿĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂƌ Ă ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ƐĞŵ ŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ž
ĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͘
;ͿĂ ƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽ ƚƌĂǌ ƉƌĞũƵşǌŽƐ ă ƐĂƷĚĞ ĚĞ
ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐĞĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͘ >ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͘
;ͿƵŵĂ ďŽůŚĂ ĐŝŶǌĞŶƚĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ
ƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽƐĞƌĄŵŽŶƚĂĚĂĞŵƌĂƐşůŝĂ͘ KƵƐŽĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚŶŽƌĂƐŝů
;ͿĂ ƐƉůĂŶĂĚĂ Ğ ŽƐ ŵŝŶŝƐƚĠƌŝŽƐ ƐĞ ƵŶĞŵ Ğ K ĞŶƚƌŽ ZĞŐŝŽŶĂů ĚĞ ƐƚƵĚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ž
ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞŵŽŵĞŝŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͘ ĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂ^ŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĚĂ/ŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ
;ͿK ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵĂ ƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ EĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ ƐĞ ƵŶĞ͕ (Cetic.br) realizou a pesquisa “TIC Domicílios
ĞŵƌĂƐşůŝĂ͕ĞŵĚĞĨĞƐĂĚŽŵĞŝŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͘ 2020”, entre os anos de 2020 e 2021, que
ƌĞǀĞůŽƵ Ƶŵ ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽ ŶŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ŶŽ
Observe o trecho: “Uma enorme bolha cinza ƌĂƐŝů ĚĞ ϳϰй ƉĂƌĂ ϴϭй ĚĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ͕
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ Ă ƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽ ĚŽ Ăƌ ƐĞƌĄ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚŽϭϱϮŵŝůŚƁĞƐĚĞƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘
ŵŽŶƚĂĚĂĞŵ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ ă ƐƉůĂŶĂĚĂ ĚŽƐ EĂ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͕ Ž ŵĂŝŽƌ ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ
DŝŶŝƐƚĠƌŝŽƐ͘ůĂĨĂǌƉĂƌƚĞĚĂĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂŐůŽďĂů ƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐŶŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ ĚŝŐŝƚĂů ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ ŶĂ ĄƌĞĂ
“Livre para Brincar Lá Fora”, que alerta para ƌƵƌĂů͕ĐƌĞƐĐĞŶĚŽĚĞϱϯй͕ĞŵϮϬϭϵ͕ƉĂƌĂϳϬй͕
ŽƐ ƉƌĞũƵşǌŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ă ƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽ ƚƌĂǌ ă ƐĂƷĚĞ ĚĞ ĞŵϮϬϮϬ͘:ĄŶĂĄƌĞĂƵƌďĂŶĂ͕ŽĂƵŵĞŶƚŽĨŽŝĚĞ
crianças e adolescentes.” ϳϳй ƉĂƌĂ ϴϯй͘ WĂƌĂ ĂĐĞƐƐĂƌ Ă ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͕ ŽƐ
ƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂŵ ƵƐĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŵŽ
Ϯϯ͘ K ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚŽ ŶŽ ƚƌĞĐŚŽ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůĚŝƐƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽŽĐĞůƵůĂƌ͘
ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞĂƋƵĞŵŽƵĂƋƵġ͍ Žŵ Ă ƉĂŶĚĞŵŝĂ ĚĞ ŽǀŝĚͲϭϵ Ğ Ž
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŝƐŽůĂŵĞŶƚŽƐŽĐŝĂů͕ĂƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐĐŽŵŽĞƐƚƵĚŽƐ͕
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƚƌĂŶƐĂĕƁĞƐ ĨŝŶĂŶĐĞŝƌĂƐ Ğ ĐŽŶƐƵůƚĂƐ ŵŝŐƌĂƌĂŵ
ƉĂƌĂ Ă ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘ WŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽƵ ĂƐ
Ϯϰ͘ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ĞŶŽƌŵĞ͕ ƋƵĞ ĂŶƚĞĐĞĚĞ Ž ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐŽƵƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐĞƐĐŽůĂƌĞƐĚĞϰϭйƉĂƌĂ
ƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽďŽůŚĂ͕ĨŽŝƵƐĂĚĂƉĂƌĂ ϰϱйĞƐƵďŝƵĚĞϯϯйƉĂƌĂϰϯйŽƐƉĂŐĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ĞƚƌĂŶƐĂĕƁĞƐĨŝŶĂŶĐĞŝƌĂƐ͘
;ͿƋƵĂůŝĨŝĐĂƌĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĞŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂƌŽĞĨĞŝƚŽ ƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ĚĂĚŽƐ ŵŽƐƚƌĂƌĞŵ Ă
ĚĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͘ ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ ĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ Ă
;ͿŶŽŵĞĂƌĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĞŵŝŶŝŵŝǌĂƌŽĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞƐŽĐŝĂůĞĂĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞĚĞĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͘ ĂŝŶĚĂƐĆŽŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŽďƐƚĄĐƵůŽƐ͘ĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵ

100
Ă ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͕ ĂƐ ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĂůƚĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵ ŵĂŝŽƌ ;ͿϳϰйƉĂƌĂϴϭй͘

ĞƐĐŽůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĞŽƐŵĂŝƐũŽǀĞŶƐƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵĂƐ
ŵĂŝŽƌĞƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐ ƵƐĂŶĚŽ Ϯϳ͘ Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƚĞƌ
ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐĚŝŐŝƚĂŝƐ͘KƉƌĞĕŽĚĂĐŽŶĞǆĆŽĂŝŶĚĂĠĂ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂĚŽŽĂƵŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƵƐŽĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚŶŽ
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůďĂƌƌĞŝƌĂĚĞĂĐĞƐƐŽ͘ ƌĂƐŝů͍
dĞǆƚŽĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŐϭ͘ŐůŽďŽ͘ĐŽŵͬĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂͬƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂͬ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŶŽƚŝĐŝĂͬϮϬϮϭͬϬϴͬϭϴͬƵƐŽͲĚĂͲŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚͲŶŽͲďƌĂƐŝůͲ
ĐƌĞƐĐĞͲĞͲĐŚĞŐĂͲĂͲϴϭƉĞƌĐĞŶƚͲĚĂͲƉŽƉƵůĂĐĂŽĚŝǌͲ
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͘ŐŚƚŵů͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϱĨĞǀ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ ǀŽĐġ ůĞƵ͕ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ăƐ

ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐϮϱĂϮϴ͘ Ϯϴ͘ ŵďŽƌĂ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ĞƐƚĞũĂ Ğŵ
ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽŶŽƌĂƐŝů͕ĂƉŽŶƚĞ͕ĚĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵ
Ϯϱ͘ YƵĂů Ġ Ž ƚĞŵĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ŽƐ ĞŵƉĞĐŝůŚŽƐ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ ŶĞƐƐĂ
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŶĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͍ ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
Ϯϲ͘ EŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ƐĆŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ

ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƉŽƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ ;йͿ͘ ƐƐŽĐŝĞ Ă >ĞŝĂ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƌ ăƐ
ƐĞŐƵŝƌ ĞƐƐĂƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ĂƐ ƉŽƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ ƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐϮϵĂϯϭ͘
apresentadas pela pesquisa “TIC Domicílios

2020” W/dEd>KYhZ^^KK^&/>,K^
/EdZEd/yEKh^/^
;Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽŶŽƵƐŽĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘ ^DKEyK
;Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƵƐƵĄƌŝŽĚĂĄƌĞĂƌƵƌĂů͘ K ŚŽŵĞŵ ƋƵĞƌŝĂ ĨĂǌĞƌ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ
;Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐĚĂĄƌĞĂƵƌďĂŶĂ͘ ŐĂƌŽƚŽƐĨŽƐƐĞŵĚŽƌŵŝƌŵĂŝƐĐĞĚŽ͕ƐĞŵŵĞǆĞƌ
;Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ŽƵ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ŶŽ ĐĞůƵůĂƌ Ğ ĂĐĞƐƐĂƌ ƌĞĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ DŽƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ
ĞƐĐŽůĂƌĞƐ͘ ĚĞƵŵĂĐŽŵƵŶĂůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĚĂŶĂ&ƌĂŶĕĂƉĂƐƐĂƌĂŵ
ĂůŐƵŵĂƐŚŽƌĂƐƐĞŵƚĞƌĞŵϭϳĂĐĞƐƐŽăŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘
;ͿϰϭйƉĂƌĂϰϱй͘ ĂƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ ƉŽĚĞƌ ƚĞƌ ƐŝĚŽ Ƶŵ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂ ŶĂ
;ͿϳϳйƉĂƌĂϴϯй͘ ƉƌŽǀĞĚŽƌĂ ĚŽ ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽ͕ Ž ŵŽƚŝǀŽ ŶĆŽ ĨŽŝ ĞƐƐĞ͘
;ͿϱϯйƉĂƌĂϳϬй͘ ĐŽŶƚĞĐĞ ƋƵĞ Ƶŵ ƉĂŝ ƚĞŶƚŽƵ ůŝŵŝƚĂƌ Ž ĂĐĞƐƐŽ

101
ĚŽƐĨŝůŚŽƐĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĂŵĂĚƌƵŐĂĚĂ͕ƉĂƌĂƋƵĞĞůĞƐ ŽƵ&ƐĞĨŽƌĨĂůƐĂ͘
ĨŽƐƐĞŵ ĚŽƌŵŝƌ͕ ŝŶǀĠƐ ĚĞ ĨŝĐĂƌĞŵ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ž
ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽ͕ŵĂƐŽĞĨĞŝƚŽĨŽŝŽƵƚƌŽ͘ƐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ;ͿKďůŽƋƵĞĂĚŽƌĚĞƐŝŶĂůĨŽŝŝŵƉůĂŶƚĂĚŽƉĞůĂ
ƐĆŽ ĚĂ ĂŐġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ŶŽƚşĐŝĂƐ ĨƌĂŶĐĞƐĂ͕ &ƌĂŶĐĞ ƉƌŽǀĞĚŽƌĂĚĞƐĞƌǀŝĕŽĚĞŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘
ůĞƵ͘ ;ͿKďůŽƋƵĞŝŽƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐŽƵƚŽĚŽƐŽƐŵĂŝƐĚĞŵŝů
Ğ ŵĞŝĂͲŶŽŝƚĞ ăƐ ϯ ŚŽƌĂƐ ĚĂ ŵĂŶŚĆ͕ ƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞƐĚĂůŽĐĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ĚŝĂƐ͕ ƋƵĞŵ ƋƵŝƐĞƐƐĞ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌ Ă ;ͿKŚŽƌĄƌŝŽĞƐĐŽůŚŝĚŽƉĂƌĂďůŽƋƵĞĂƌŽĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚĞŵDĞƐƐĂŶŐĞƐŶĆŽĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝĂ͘ĞƉŽŝƐ ĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚĨŽŝăƚĂƌĚĞ͘
ĚĞ ƚĂŶƚĂ ƌĞĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ŵŽƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ ƵŵĂ ;ͿKƵƐŽĚĞďůŽƋƵĞĂĚŽƌĞƐĚĞƐŝŶĂůŶĂ&ƌĂŶĕĂ
ŝŶǀĞƐƚŝŐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƵ ƋƵĞ Ž ŶĆŽĠƉĞƌŵŝƚŝĚŽ͘
ŵŽƚŝǀŽ ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚŝĂ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ďůŽƋƵĞĂĚŽƌ ĚĞ ƐŝŶĂů ;ͿKƉĂŝƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĐŽŶĚĞŶĂĚŽĂƐĞŝƐŵĞƐĞƐĚĞ
ŝŵƉůĂŶƚĂĚo pelo patriarca para “punir” seus ƌĞĐůƵƐĆŽĞĂƉĂŐĂƌƵŵĂŵƵůƚĂ͘
ĨŝůŚŽƐ͘ EŽ ĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĞůĞ ĂĐĂďŽƵ ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂŶĚŽ
ƚŽĚŽƐŽƐŵĂŝƐĚĞŵŝůƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞƐĚĂůŽĐĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ϯϬ͘ EĂ ƚĞŶƚĂƚŝǀĂ ĚĞ ĨĂǌĞƌ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĨŝůŚŽƐ
KŚŽƌĄƌŝŽĨŽŝƉĞŶƐĂĚŽƉĞůŽŚŽŵĞŵƉĂƌĂƋƵĞŽƐ ĨŽƐƐĞŵĚŽƌŵŝƌŵĂŝƐĐĞĚŽ͕ƐĞŵĂĐĞƐƐĂƌĂƐƌĞĚĞƐ
ŐĂƌŽƚŽƐŶĆŽĂĐĞƐƐĂƐƐĞŵƐĞƵƐĐĞůƵůĂƌĞƐĞƌĞĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ŽŚŽŵĞŵ
ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐŶĂŚŽƌĂĚĞĚŽƌŵŝƌ͘
ƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞƚĞƌ ƚŝĚŽ ŝŶƚĞŶĕĆŽ ĚĞĞĚƵĐĄͲ ;Ϳ ĨŽŝ ĞŶĠƌŐŝĐŽ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ĨŝůŚŽƐ ĚĂŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ
ůŽƐ͕ŽƉĂŝĐŽŵĞƚĞƵƵŵĐƌŝŵĞũĄƋƵĞŶĂ&ƌĂŶĕĂŽ ŽƌĚĞŵĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂ͘
ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ďůŽƋƵĞĂĚŽƌĞƐ Ġ ŝůĞŐĂů͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŐĞƌĂŵ ;Ϳ ďůŽƋƵĞŽƵŽƐŝŶĂůĚĞŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚĚŽƐŵĂŝƐĚĞ
ŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ ŶŽƐ ƐŝŶĂŝƐ ĚĞ ƚĞůĞĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͘ ŵŝůƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ĞƐƚĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕ŽƉƌŽŐĞŶŝƚŽƌƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĐŽŶĚĞŶĂĚŽ ;Ϳ ĞǆƉůŝĐŽƵƋƵĞŶĆŽĚĞǀĞƌŝĂŵŵĂŝƐĂĐĞƐƐĂƌ
ĂƐĞŝƐŵĞƐĞƐĚĞƌĞĐůƵƐĆŽĞƉĂŐĂƌƵŵĂŵƵůƚĂά ĂƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐƉŽƌƋƵĞũĄĞƌĂƚĂƌĚĞ͘
ϯϬ ŵŝů ;ĞƋƵŝǀĂůĞŶƚĞ Ă ZΨ ϭϳϬ ŵŝů͕ ŶĂ ĐŽƚĂĕĆŽ ;Ϳ decidiu “punir seus filhos ŝŵƉĞĚŝŶĚŽƋƵĞ
ĂƚƵĂůͿ͘ ƚŝǀĞƐƐĞŵĂĐĞƐƐŽĂŽĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽĐĞůƵůĂƌ͘
&ŽŶƚĞ͗RIBEIRO, Neto. “Pai tenta bloquear acesso dos

ĨŝůŚŽƐăŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚĞĂĐĂďĂĚĞŝǆĂŶĚŽĚƵĂƐĐŝĚĂĚĞƐƐĞŵ
conexão”. O POVO, 2022.
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŽƉŽǀŽ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŶŽƚŝĐŝĂƐͬŵƵŶĚŽͬϮϬϮϮͬϬ
ϮͬϭϴͬƉĂŝƚĞŶƚĂͲďůŽƋƵĞĂƌͲĂĐĞƐƐŽͲĚŽƐͲĨŝůŚŽƐͲĂͲ
ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚͲĞͲĂĐĂďĂͲĚĞŝǆĂŶĚŽͲĚƵĂƐͲĐŝĚĂĚĞƐͲƐĞŵͲ
ĐŽŶĞǆĂŽ͘Śƚŵů͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϱĨĞǀ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘
Ϯϵ͘ ŽůŽƋƵĞsƐĞĂŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĨŽƌǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂ

102
ϯϭ͘ K ŚŽŵĞŵ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂ ƐĞƌ ĐŽŶĚĞŶĂĚŽ Ă ƐĞŝƐ ϯϮ͘ ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƐƐĞƐĚŽŝƐƚĞǆƚŽƐĠ

ŵĞƐĞƐĚĞƌĞĐůƵƐĆŽĞƉĂŐĂƌƵŵĂŵƵůƚĂάϯϬŵŝů
ϯϮ͘ ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƐƐĞƐĚŽŝƐƚĞǆƚŽƐĠ
;ĞƋƵŝǀĂůĞŶƚĞĂZΨϭϳϬŵŝů͕ƉŽƌƋƵġ͍
;Ϳ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌĞĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌƵŵƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂ
ƐŽďƌĞ ĂůŐƵŵ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ ƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ă
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘
KďƐĞƌǀĞ ŽƐ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞƐŽůǀĂ ĂƐ
;Ϳ ĐŽŶƚĂƌ Ƶŵ ĞǀĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽ Ğ ƚƌĂǌĞƌ
ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐϯϮĂϯϰ͘
ƵŵĂƌĞĨůĞǆĆŽĐƌşƚŝĐĂ͘
;Ϳ ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŝĚĞŝĂͬŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ
ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂƌŽŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͘
;Ϳ ŶŽƚŝĐŝĂƌ ĂůŐƵŵ ĨĂƚŽ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ă
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘
ϯϯ͘ ƉĞƐĂƌĚĞŽƐƚĞǆƚŽƐϭĞϮĚŝƐƐĞŵŝŶĂƌĞŵĂ
ŵĞƐŵĂŝĚĞŝĂ͕ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞĂĨŝƌŵĂƌƋƵĞ
;Ϳ ŽƚĞǆƚŽϮĂƉĞůĂƉĂƌĂƵŵĂŵĞŶƐĂŐĞŵ
ǀĞƌďĂůƋƵĞĚĞŵŽƐƚƌĂŽƌŝŐŽƌĚĂůĞŝ͘
;Ϳ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ Ϯ ĂƉĞůĂ͕ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ
ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ ǀĞƌďĂů Ğ ŶĆŽ ǀĞƌďĂů͕ ƉĂƌĂ
ŽƐƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĚŽŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͘
;Ϳ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽϭƵƚŝůŝǌĂĂƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐĐŽŵ
ƵŵĂ ŵĞŶƐĂŐĞŵ ƋƵĞ ƐĞŶƐŝďŝůŝǌĂ Ž
ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͘
;Ϳ ŵďŽƐŽƐƚĞǆƚŽƐĂĨŝƌŵĂŵƋƵĞĂďƵƐŽƐ
Ğ ŵĂƵƐ ƚƌĂƚŽƐ ĚĞ ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ ŶĆŽ ƐĆŽ
ĐƌŝŵĞ͘

103
ϯϰ͘ KƚĞǆƚŽϭƐĞĚŝĨĞƌĞĚŽƚĞǆƚŽϮ ϯϱ͘ ŽŵƉĂƌĂŶĚŽŽƐĚŽŝƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐƚĞǆƚŽƐĐŽŵ

ĞƐƐĞ ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŽ͕ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ ĞůĞƐ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ
;ͿŶĂĐŽŶƐƚĂƚĂĕĆŽĚĞ͕ŶŽƚĞǆƚŽϮ͕ĂƐŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ
ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƌĞŵ ƋƵĞ Ž ůŽĐƵƚŽƌ Ġ ĨĂǀŽƌĄǀĞů ă ;Ϳ ĚŝǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ŝĚĞŝĂĚĞĂďƵƐŽĚŽƐĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͘ ;Ϳ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͘
;Ϳ ŶĂ ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ ǀĞƌďĂů Ğ ŶĆŽ ǀĞƌďĂů ĚŽƐ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ͕ ;Ϳ ĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝƚſƌŝĂƐ͘
ƉŽŝƐĂĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂĕĆŽĚŽƌŝŐŽƌĚĂůĞŝŶŽƚĞǆƚŽ//͕ ;Ϳ ĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐ͘
ǀŝƐĂĐŽŶǀĞŶĐĞƌŽŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌĂĂĚĞƌŝƌăŝĚĞŝĂ͘
;Ϳ ŶĂ ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ ƐĞŵŝſƚŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŶŽ ϯϲ͘ Žŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ă ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ ƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂ
ƚĞǆƚŽ /͕ Ă ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƚƌŝƐƚĞǌĂ ŶŽ ŽůŚĂƌ ĚŽƐ “Abuso de animais”
ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ ǀŝƐĂ Ă ĂƉĞůĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚŽ ;ͿŽƐƚĞǆƚŽƐϭĞϮƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŵŝĚĞŝĂƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͘ ƋƵĂŶƚŽĂŽŵĂůƚƌĂƚŽĚĞĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͘
;ͿŶĂĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽƐĞŵąŶƚŝĐĂĞŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐĂ͕ǀŝƐƚŽ ;ͿŽƚĞǆƚŽϯ͕ƐĞĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĚŽĂŽƐƚĞǆƚŽƐϭĞϮ͕
ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ϭ ďƵƐĐĂ ƉĞƌƐƵĂĚŝƌ Ž ůĞŝƚŽƌ ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂ ƵŵĂ ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚŝǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂŽ
ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŶĚŽ Ž ƌŝŐŽƌ ĚĂ ůĞŝ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ž //͕ ŵĂůƚƌĂƚŽĚĞĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͘
ĂƉĞůĂƉĂƌĂŽƐƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘ ;ͿƐŽŵĞŶƚĞŶŽƚĞǆƚŽϮ͕ŽůŽĐƵƚŽƌĠĂĚĞƉƚŽă
ŝĚĞŝĂĚĞŶĆŽŵĂůƚƌĂƚĂƌŽƐĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͘
>ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ;ͿŽƚĞǆƚŽϮ͕ĂůĞƌƚĂŽƐĞƵŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌĚĞƋƵĞ
ϯϱĞϯϲ͘ Ž ĂďƵƐŽĚĞĂŶŝŵĂŝƐĠĐƌŝŵĞ͘
dĞǆƚŽϯ
>ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐ
ϯϳĂϰϴ͘
KƐǀĂůĚŽ
KƐǀĂůĚŽ ĞƌĂ ŐĂƌŽƚŽ ĂĐĂŶŚĂĚŽ͘ EĂ
ĞƐĐŽůĂŶĆŽƚŝŶŚĂĐŽƌĂŐĞŵĚĞĂďƌŝƌĂďŽĐĂƉĂƌĂ
ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƌ ĂůŐŽ ă ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͘ KƐ ĐŽůĞŐĂƐ ĚĞ
ĐůĂƐƐĞŐŽƐƚĂǀĂŵŵƵŝƚŽĚĞůĞ͕ŵĂƐƉĂƌĞĐĞƋƵĞ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽƐŵĞŶŝŶŽƐĚŽϵǑĂŶŽƉĞƌĐĞďĞŵƋƵĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚƌŝďƵŶĂĚĞŵŝŶĂƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬǁƉͲ ĂůŐƵĠŵĠƚşŵŝĚŽ͕ĂşƋƵĞƉĞŐĂŵŶŽƉĠŵĞƐŵŽ͘
ĐŽŶƚĞŶƚͬƵƉůŽĂĚƐͬϮϬϮϭͬϬϳͬŵĂƵƐͺƚƌĂƚŽƐ͘ũƉŐĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗
ϭϵƐĞƚ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘ K ƚĞŵƉŽ ƚŽĚŽ ƉƵǆĂǀĂŵ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂ ĐŽŵ
KƐǀĂůĚŽ͘

104
ͲWƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͕ŽKƐǀĂůĚŽƐĂďĞĞƐƐĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͕ŶĠ͕ ;Ϳ ƚĠŽKƐǀĂůĚŽƌŝĂďĂŝǆŝŶŚŽĐŽŵĞůĞƐ͘

KƐǀĂůĚŽ͍ ;Ϳ DĂƐƵŵĚŝĂ͕ƚƵĚŽŵƵĚŽƵ͘
ͲKƐǀĂůĚŽ͕ǀĂŝůĄĞĞƐĐƌĞǀĞĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂŶĂůŽƵƐĂ͕
ǀŽĐġƐĂďĞĞƐƐĂ͊ ϯϵ͘ No trecho, “Osvaldo era garoto
ͲWƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͕ŽKƐǀĂůĚŽƚĄĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂŶĚŽĂƋƵŝſ͊ ĂĐĂŶŚĂĚŽ.”, o termo em destaque significa
ƚĠŽKƐǀĂůĚŽƌŝĂďĂŝǆŝŶŚŽĐŽŵĞůĞƐ͘
DĂƐƵŵĚŝĂ͕ƚƵĚŽŵƵĚŽƵ͘ ;Ϳ ƐŽůŝƚĄƌŝŽ͘
KƐǀĂůĚŽ ĨŽŝ ĐƌĞƐĐĞŶĚŽ Ğ ĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ ĐĂĚĂ ;Ϳ ƌĞƚƌĂşĚŽ͘
ǀĞǌŵĂŝƐŝŶƚĞůŝŐĞŶƚĞ͕ĂĨŝŶĂů͕ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚŝĂƚŽĚĂƐĂƐ ;Ϳ ĐŚĂƚĞĂĚŽ͘
ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐ ĚĂ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͘ ůĞ ĂƚĠ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ;Ϳ ĞŶŐƌĂĕĂĚŽ͘
ĨĂǌĞƌ ĂƵůĂƐ ĚĞ ƚĞĂƚƌŽ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ůŚĞ ĨĞǌ Ƶŵ ďĞŵ
ĚĂŶĂĚŽ ƉƌĂ ĂĐĂďĂƌ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂ ƚŝŵŝĚĞǌ͘ ϰϬ͘ ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞ ĂĨŝƌŵĂƌ ƋƵĞ
ĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĞŵ ƐĞ ƋƵŝƐĞƌ͕ ŚŽũĞ͕ KƐǀĂůĚŽ ĞƐƚƵĚĂ KƐǀĂůĚŽĞƌĂƚşŵŝĚŽ͕ƉŽƌĠŵ
ũŽƌŶĂůŝƐŵŽ͊ ;Ϳ ŶĆŽŐŽƐƚĂǀĂƋƵĞĨĂůĂƐƐĞŵĐŽŵĞůĞ͘
;Ϳ ƐĞŽĨĞƌĞĐŝĂƉƌĂƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƌăƐƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐ
DŽƌĂů͗ ǆŝƐƚĞŵ ƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐ ĚŝĨşĐĞŝƐ ƋƵĞ ŶŽƐ ĚĂƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͘
ƉƌĞƉĂƌĂŵƉĂƌĂĂǀŝĚĂ͊ ;Ϳ ŶĆŽŐŽƐƚĂǀĂĚŽƐĐŽůĞŐĂƐĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞ͘
;Ϳ ŶĆŽ ďƌŝŐĂǀĂ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ĐŽůĞŐĂƐ ƉŽƌ ĐĂƵƐĂ
ůĞƐƐĂŶĚƌĂůŵĞŝĚĂ ĚĂƐďƌŝŶĐĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ͘
ϯϳ͘ KƚĞǆƚŽƋƵĞǀŽĐġůĞƵĠ
ϰϭ͘ O texto “Osvaldo” tem como finalidade
;Ϳ ƵŵĐŽŶƚŽ͘
;Ϳ ƵŵĂĐĂƌƚĂ͘ ;Ϳ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƌŽůĞŝƚŽƌ͘
;Ϳ ƵŵĂŵƷƐŝĐĂ ;Ϳ ĞŶƐŝŶĂƌŽůĞŝƚŽƌĂĨĂǌĞƌĂůŐŽ͘
;Ϳ ƵŵĂƌƚŝŐŽĚĞŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͘ ;Ϳ ĚŝǀĞƌƚŝƌŽůĞŝƚŽƌ͘
;Ϳ ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐĞƌŽůĞŝƚŽƌ͘
ϯϴ͘ KƚƌĞĐŚŽĚŽƚĞǆƚŽƋƵĞŵŽƐƚƌĂƋƵĞKƐǀĂůĚŽ
ŶĆŽ ƐĞ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂǀĂ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ ďƌŝŶĐĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ ĚŽƐ ϰϮ͘ ^ŽďƌĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ KƐǀĂůĚŽ͕ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞ ŽƐ
ŵĞŶŝŶŽƐĠ ƚƌĞĐŚŽƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗
;Ϳ KƐǀĂůĚŽĞƌĂŐĂƌŽƚŽĂĐĂŶŚĂĚŽ͘ /Ͳ KƐǀĂůĚŽĞƌĂŐĂƌŽƚŽĂĐĂŶŚĂĚŽ͘

;Ϳ KƚĞŵƉŽƚŽĚŽƉƵǆĂǀĂŵĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂĐŽŵ //Ͳ ŽƐ ĐŽůĞŐĂƐ ĚĞ ĐůĂƐƐĞ ŐŽƐƚĂǀĂŵ ŵƵŝƚŽ
KƐǀĂůĚŽ ĚĞůĞ͘

105
///Ͳ ŽƋƵĞůŚĞĨĞǌƵŵďĞŵĚĂŶĂĚŽ͘ ϰϱ͘ No trecho, “Osvaldo foi crescendo e

/sͲ ĞĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĞŵƐĞƋƵŝƐĞƌ͘ ĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ ĐĂĚĂ ǀĞǌ ŵĂŝƐ ŝŶƚĞůŝŐĞŶƚĞ͕ ĂĨŝŶĂů͕
respondia todas as perguntas...” o termo
KƐƚƌĞĐŚŽƐ͕ĐƵũĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂƐƵďƐƚŝƚƵŝĂ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚŽĠƵŵĂĚǀĠƌďŝŽƋƵĞŝŶĚŝĐĂ
ƉĂůĂǀƌĂKƐǀĂůĚŽ͕ĞǀŝƚĂŶĚŽƌĞƉĞƚŝĕĆŽƐĆŽ͖
;Ϳ/Ğ/s͘ ;Ϳ ĐŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ͘
;Ϳ//Ğ///͘ ;Ϳ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘
;Ϳ///Ğ/s͘ ;Ϳ ŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
;Ϳ//Ğ/s͘ ;Ϳ ŶĞŐĂĕĆŽ͘
ϰϯ͘ K ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ ŐĞƌĂĚŽƌ ĚŽ ĞŶƌĞĚŽ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ϰϲ͘ No trecho, “quando os meninos do 9º ano
KƐǀĂůĚŽĠ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞŵƋƵĞĂůŐƵĠŵĠƚşŵŝĚŽ͕ĂşƋƵĞƉĞŐĂŵ
ŶŽƉĠŵĞƐŵŽ.”, o trecho destacado
;Ϳ ŽĨĂƚŽĚĞKƐǀĂůĚŽƐĞƌƚşŵŝĚŽ͘
;Ϳ Ă ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ ĨĂǌĞƌ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐ Ă ;Ϳ ĞƐƚĄĞƐĐƌŝƚŽĞŵůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĨŽƌŵĂů͘
KƐǀĂůĚŽ͘ ;Ϳ ĨŽŝĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşĚŽĞŵůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͘
;Ϳ ŽƐ ĐŽůĞŐĂƐ ĚĞ ĐůĂƐƐĞ ƉĞŐĂƌĞŵ ŶŽƉĠ ;Ϳ ĞƐƚĄĞƐĐƌŝƚŽĞŵůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝƐƚĂ͘
ĚĞKƐǀĂůĚŽ͘ ;Ϳ ĞƐƚĄƌĞĚŝŐŝĚŽĞŵůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ͘
;Ϳ KƐǀĂůĚŽĞƐƚƵĚŽũŽƌŶĂůŝƐŵŽ͘
ϰϳ͘ No trecho, “Osvaldo estuda jornalismo!”,
ϰϰ͘ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ KƐǀĂůĚŽ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă Ž ƉŽŶƚŽĚĞĞǆĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽŝŶĚŝĐĂ
ĨĂǌĞƌĂƵůĂƐĚĞƚĞĂƚƌŽ͕ĞŶƚĆŽ
;Ϳ ĞƵĨŽƌŝĂ͘
;Ϳ ĞůĞ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ƐĞ ĚŝǀĞƌƚŝƌ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ;Ϳ ƐƵƌƉƌĞƐĂ͘
ĐŽůĞŐĂƐĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞ͘ ;Ϳ ŶĞŐĂĕĆŽ͘
;Ϳ ĞůĞ ƐĞ ƚŽƌŶŽƵ ŵĂŝƐ ŝŶƚĞůŝŐĞŶƚĞ Ğ ;Ϳ ŵĞĚŽ͘
ĞƐƚƵĚŝŽƐŽ͘
;Ϳ ĞůĞ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ĨĂǌĞƌ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐ ă
ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͘
;Ϳ ĞůĞĨŽŝƉĞƌĚĞŶĚŽĂƚŝŵŝĚĞǌ͘

106
48. No trecho, “O tempo todo ƉƵǆĂǀĂŵ

ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂ com Osvaldo.”, a expressão
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂĨŽŝƵƐĂĚĂƉĂƌĂĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌƋƵĞ
;Ϳ ƐĞŵƉƌĞĨĂůĂǀĂŵĐŽŵKƐǀĂůĚŽ͘
;Ϳ ŝŐŶŽƌĂǀĂŵƚŽƚĂůŵĞŶƚĞKƐǀĂůĚŽ͘
;Ϳ ŝŶƐƵůƚĂǀĂŵKƐǀĂůĚŽŽƚĞŵƉŽƚŽĚŽ͘
;Ϳ ŝŶĐŽŵŽĚĂǀĂŵKƐǀĂůĚŽŶĂĂƵůĂ͘
ŝĕĂ͘KWĂƚŽŶŽĨŽƌŵŝŐƵĞŝƌŽ͘ZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ >ĞŝĂ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƌ ăƐ

ŽĚĞĐƌŝ͕ǀ͘Ϯ͘ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐϰϵĂϱϭ͘
ĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ͕ ŶĞƐƚĞ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ĨŽŝ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ

ϰϵ͘ KƚĞǆƚŽĠĞŶŐƌĂĕĂĚŽƉŽƌƋƵĞ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ
;Ϳ ĂƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂĨŝĐŽƵŵƵŝƚŽďƌĂǀĂ͘ ;Ϳ ĂĂůƵŶĂĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐĞĂŶŽƌŵĂƉĂĚƌĆŽĚĂ

;Ϳ Ă ĂůƵŶĂ ƉĞĐŚŝŶĐŚŽƵ ĐŽŵ Ă ůşŶŐƵĂƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐĂ͘
ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͘ ;Ϳ Ă ĂůƵŶĂ ƚĞŵ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ ƉĞůĂ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͕
;Ϳ Ă ĂůƵŶĂ ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƵ Ă ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ƉŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ Ă ƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƵƐŽ
ƉĞĐŚŝŶĐŚĂƌĞƌƌĂĚŽ͘ ƉĂĚƌĆŽĚĂůşŶŐƵĂ͘
;Ϳ ĂƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂĚĄƵŵĂƉƵŶŝĕĆŽăĂůƵŶĂ͘ ;Ϳ Ă ĂůƵŶĂ ƚĞŵ ƉƌŽǆŝŵŝĚĂĚĞ ĐŽŵ Ă
ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͕ ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ ƵƐĂ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ
ϱϬ͘ No 3º quadrinho, a aluna fala “Ah, ĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͘
ĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ, deixa por cem, vá?!”, o termo em ;Ϳ Ă ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ ĞǆŝŐĞ ƋƵĞ Ă ĂůƵŶĂ
ĞŵƉƌĞŐƵĞůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͘

107
ϱϭ͘ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ŶŽ ƌŽƐƚŽ ĚĂ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ ŶŽ ŶĞƵƌŽůŽŐŝƐƚĂ ůĨŽŶƐŽ ĂƌĂŵĂǌǌĂ͕ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ
ƷůƚŝŵŽƋƵĂĚƌŝŶŚŽƐƵŐĞƌĞ ĂƵƚŽƌĞƐĚĂĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂ͘;^ƵƉĞƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞͿ͘
;Ϳ ŝŶĚŝŐŶĂĕĆŽ͘
ϱϮ͘ ƚĞƐĞĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĚĂŶĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽĠ
;Ϳ ĂůĞŐƌŝĂ͘
;Ϳ ƚƌŝƐƚĞǌĂ͘
;Ϳ ƵŵĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƋƵĞƌĞǀĞůĂĂŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ
;Ϳ ƐƵƌƉƌĞƐĂ͘
ĐĞƌĞďƌĂů ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ǀŽŐĂŝƐ Ğ
ĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞƐ͘
>ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ
;Ϳ ŵĞƚŽĚŽůŽŐŝĂƐ ƐŽďƌĞ ĐŽŵŽ ĞŶƐŝŶĂƌ
ϱϮĞϱϯ͘
ǀŽŐĂŝƐĞĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞƐŶĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͘
;Ϳ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĚŽŝƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ůĞƚƌĂ ƐĆŽ
KZZKKE,DKͲͲ
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ƷŶŝĐŽ ůŽĐĂů ĚŽ
EĆŽ Ġ Ɛſ ŶŽƐ ůŝǀƌŽƐ ĚĞ ŽƌƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĂ ƋƵĞ ŚĄ
ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ͘
ĚŝƐƚŝŶĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ǀŽŐĂŝƐ Ğ ĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞƐ͘ hŵĂ
;Ϳ ƵŵĂ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĚĂ Ğŵ ,ĂƌǀĂƌĚ͕
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ ĚĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ ,ĂƌǀĂƌĚ͕ ŶŽƐ
ƐŽďƌĞĂůĨĂďĞƚŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƐĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ͘
ƐƚĂĚŽƐ hŶŝĚŽƐ͕ ŵŽƐƚƌŽƵ ƋƵĞ Ă ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂ
ĞŶƚƌĞĞƐƐĞƐĚŽŝƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞůĞƚƌĂĞƐƚĄŐƌĂǀĂĚĂŶŽ
ĨƵŶĚŽĚŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽ͕ƋƵĞŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĂĞŵĄƌĞĂƐ ϱϯ͘ ĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ͕ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ Ƶŵ ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽ
ƐĞƉĂƌĂĚĂƐ͘ KƐ ĐŝĞŶƚŝƐƚĂƐ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌĂŵ ŝƐƐŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ĂƵƚŽƌ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ Ă ƚĞƐĞ
ŐƌĂĕĂƐĂƵŵĂŝŶĨĞůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƉŽŝƐƚĞƐƚĂƌĂŵĚŽŝƐ ůĞǀĂŶƚĂĚĂ͘
ƉĂĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŵ ůĞƐƁĞƐ Ğŵ ĚƵĂƐ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ

ĐĞƌĞďƌĂŝƐ͘
K ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĨŽŝ ƐƵƌƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ –
ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽƵŵĚŽƐĚŽĞŶƚĞƐƚƌŽĐĂǀĂƵŵĂǀŽŐĂů
ƉĞůĂ ŽƵƚƌĂ͕ ŵĂƐ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŶĨƵŶĚŝĂ ĂƐ
ĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞƐ͕ŽŽƵƚƌŽĨĂůŚĂǀĂŶĂƐĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞƐ͕
ĂĐĞƌƚĂŶĚŽĂƐǀŽŐĂŝƐ͘
&ŝĐŽƵĐůĂƌŽƋƵĞĞƐƐĞƐĚŽŝƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞůĞƚƌĂ
são processados em lugares diferentes. “É
ŵĂŝƐ ƵŵĂ ƉĞĕĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĐŽůŽĐĂ ŶŽ ƋƵĞďƌĂͲ
cabeça da linguagem humana”, disse o

108
>ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌƉĂƌĂƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƌĂŽƐŝƚĞŶƐ
ϱϰĞϱϱ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ϱϲ͘ >ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚƌŝǀĞ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬĨŝůĞͬĚͬϬǌWĞǁĞǁŬ^ǆŬǌKsE
DŚDϮϰĚ'ĐͬĞĚŝƚ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϱĚĞĂŐŽ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘ ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂ͗
ϱϰ͘ WĞůĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞ

dKZZ/&&>hDZ^/>/ZK
ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌƋƵĞĞůĞƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞĂŽŐġŶĞƌŽ
/ŶĂƵŐƵƌĂĚĂ Ğŵ ϭϴϴϵ ĐŽŵŽ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ
ǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽDƵŶĚŝĂůĚĞWĂƌŝƐ͕ĂdŽƌƌĞŝĨĨĞů͕ĐŽŵ
;Ϳ ŶŽƚşĐŝĂ͘
ϯϮϰ ŵĞƚƌŽƐ ĚĞ ĂůƚƵƌĂ͕ ƐĞ ƚŽƌŶŽƵ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ
;Ϳ ƌĞƉŽƌƚĂŐĞŵ͘
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐƐşŵďŽůŽƐĚĂĐĂƉŝƚĂůĨƌĂŶĐĞƐĂ͘
;Ϳ ƚŝƌŝŶŚĂ͘
ĐĂĚĂĂŶŽ͕ĞůĂƌĞĐĞďĞƋƵĂƐĞϳŵŝůŚƁĞƐ
;Ϳ ĐŚĂƌŐĞ͘
ĚĞ ǀŝƐŝƚĂŶƚĞƐ͘ hŵ ĚĞůĞƐ͕ Ž ĞŵƉƌĞƐĄƌŝŽ ĚƐŽŶ
&ĞƌƌĂƌŝŶ͕ƐĞĂƉĂŝǆŽŶŽƵƉĞůĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĂƉŽŶƚŽ
ϱϱ͘ EŽƚĞǆƚŽ͕ŽƚƌĂĕŽŵĂŝƐĨŽƌƚĞĚĞŚƵŵŽƌĞƐƚĄ
ĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵŝƌƵŵĂ͘KƚĞŵĂĚĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽĠĂ
;ͿĞŵƌŵĂŶĚŝŶŚŽƐĞŶƚŝƌƉĞŶĂĚŽƐĂƉŽ͕ƐĞƵ
;ͿŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂĚĂƚŽƌƌĞ͘
ĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĞŝƌŽĚĞůĞŝƚƵƌĂ͘
;ͿŝŶĂƵŐƵƌĂĕĆŽĚĂƚŽƌƌĞ͘
;Ϳ ŶŽ ĨĂƚŽ ĚĞ͕ ŶĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ Ž ƐĂƉŽ ƚĞƌ ƐŝĚŽ
;ͿƌĠƉůŝĐĂĚĂƚŽƌƌĞ͘
ďĞŝũĂĚŽƉĞůĂƉƌŝŶĐĞƐĂ͘
;ͿŽƌŝŐĞŵĚĂƚŽƌƌĞ͘
;Ϳ ŶĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĞƐĐŽůŚŝĚĂ͕ ƉŽƌ ƌŵĂŶĚŝŶŚŽ͕
ƉĂƌĂĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽ͘ŵĂ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬĨŝůĞƐͬϮϬϭϵͬϬϲͬ^ͺ>Wͺ
;Ϳ ŶĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ƌĞĨůĞǆŝǀĂ ĚĞ ƌŵĂŶĚŝŶŚŽ ŶŽ ϲͺͲdĞŵĂͲ'йϯйŶĞƌŽƐͲƚĞǆƚƵĂŝƐͲWƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ͘ƉĚĨ
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϱĚĞĂŐŽ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽƋƵĂĚƌŝŶŚŽ͘

109
>ĞŝĂŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƚĞƌ ĐŽŵŝĚŽ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĚĞƉƌĞƐƐĂ ĂƐ ƉĂƐƚŝůŚĂƐ ĚĞ

ϱϳĂϱϵ͘ ďĂŶĂŶĂĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĂƐƌĞĨĞŝĕƁĞƐ͘
;&ŽůŚĂĚĞ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͕ϮϲĚĞũĂŶĞŝƌŽĚĞϭϵϵϲͿ
ŶŝŵĂŝƐŶŽĞƐƉĂĕŽ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂƌŵĂǌĞŵĚĞƚĞǆƚŽ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϮϭͬϬϮͬƚĞǆƚŽͲ
sĄƌŝŽƐ ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ ǀŝĂũĂƌĂŵ ƉĞůŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐͲŶŽͲĞƐƉĂĐŽͲĨŽůŚĂͲĚĞͲƐĂŽ͘Śƚŵů
ĐŽŵŽĂƐƚƌŽŶĂƵƚĂƐ͘
KƐ ƌƵƐƐŽƐ ũĄ ƵƐĂƌĂŵ ĐĂĐŚŽƌƌŽƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ ϱϳ͘ No texto “Animais no espaço”, uma das
ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂƐ͘ ůĞƐ ƚġŵ Ž ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĐĂƌĚşĂĐŽ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĠ
ƉĂƌĞĐŝĚŽĐŽŵŽĚŽƐƐĞƌĞƐŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ͘ƐƚƵĚĂŶĚŽ
Ž ƋƵĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞ ĐŽŵ ĞůĞƐ͕ ŽƐ ĐŝĞŶƚŝƐƚĂƐ ;A) “A cadela Laika (...) foi o primeiro ser vivo
ĚĞƐĐŽďƌĞŵƋƵĂŝƐ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌ a ir ao espaço”.
ĐŽŵĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘ ;B) “Os russos já usavam cachorros em suas
ĐĂĚĞůĂ>ĂŝŬĂ͕ƚƌŝƉƵůĂŶƚĞĚĂ^ƉƵƚŶŝŬͲϮ͕ĨŽŝ experiências”.
Ž ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐĞƌǀŝǀŽĂŝƌĂŽĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ĞŵŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ ;C) “Vários animais viajaram pelo espaço
ĚĞ ϭϵϱϳ͕ ƋƵĂƚƌŽ ĂŶŽƐ ĂŶƚĞƐ ĚŽ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ como astronautas”.
ŚŽŵĞŵ͕ŽĂƐƚƌŽŶĂƵƚĂ'ĂŐĂƌŝŶ͘ ;D) “Enos ĨŽŝ Ž ŵĂŝƐ ĨĂŵŽƐŽ ŵĂĐĂĐŽ Ă ǀŝĂũĂƌ
KƐ ŶŽƌƚĞͲĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶŽƐ ŐŽƐƚĂŵ ĚĞ ĨĂǌĞƌ para o espaço”.
ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂƐĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂƐĞƐƉĂĐŝĂŝƐĐŽŵŵĂĐĂĐŽƐ͕
ƉŽŝƐŽĐŽƌƉŽĚĞůĞƐƐĞƉĂƌĞĐĞĐŽŵŽŚƵŵĂŶŽ͘K ϱϴ͘ No trecho “O chimpanzé é o preferido
ĐŚŝŵƉĂŶǌĠĠŽƉƌĞĨĞƌŝĚŽƉŽƌƋƵĞĠŝŶƚĞůŝŐĞŶƚĞĞ ƉŽƌƋƵĞĠŝŶƚĞůŝŐĞŶƚĞĞĐŽŶǀŝǀĞŵĞůŚŽƌĐŽŵ
ĐŽŶǀŝǀĞŵĞůŚŽƌĐŽŵŽŚŽŵĞŵĚŽƋƵĞĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐ Ž ŚŽŵĞŵ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ ĚĞ
ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ ĚĞ ŵĂĐĂĐŽƐ͘ ůĞ ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞ Ă ĐŽŵĞƌ macacos.”, os termos destacados ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ă
ĂůŝŵĞŶƚŽƐƐŝŶƚĠƚŝĐŽƐĞŶĆŽƐĞŝŶĐŽŵŽĚĂĐŽŵĂ ĐůĂƐƐĞŐƌĂŵĂƚŝĐĂů͕ĞǆĞƌĐĞŵƌĞƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ƌŽƵƉĂĞƐƉĂĐŝĂů͘ ĂƐĨƵŶĕƁĞƐĚĞ
ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ͕ŽƐŵĂĐĂĐŽƐƐĆŽƚƌĞŝŶĂĚŽƐĞ ;ͿƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽĞǀĞƌďŽ͘
ƉŽĚĞŵĨĂǌĞƌƚĂƌĞĨĂƐĂďŽƌĚŽ͕ĐŽŵŽĂĐŝŽŶĂƌŽƐ ;ͿĂĚũĞƚŝǀŽĞǀĞƌďŽ͘
ĐŽŵĂŶĚŽƐ ĚĂƐ ŶĂǀĞƐ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĂƐ ůƵǌĞƐ ;ͿǀĞƌďŽĞƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽ͘
ĐŽůŽƌŝĚĂƐĂĐĞŶĚĞŵŶŽƉĂŝŶĞů͕ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͘ ;ͿĂĚũĞƚŝǀŽĞƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽ͘
ŶŽƐĨŽŝŽŵĂŝƐĨĂŵŽƐŽŵĂĐĂĐŽĂǀŝĂũĂƌ
ƉĂƌĂŽĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ĞŵŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽĚĞϭϵϲϭ͕ĂďŽƌĚŽ
ĚĂŶĂǀĞDĞƌĐƵƌǇͬƚůĂƐϱ͘ŶĂǀĞĚĞŶŽƐƚĞǀĞ
ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ͕ŵĂƐĞůĞǀŽůƚŽƵƐĆŽĞƐĂůǀŽ͕ĚĞƉŽŝƐ
ĚĞƚĞƌƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽĚŝƌĞŝƚŝŶŚŽ͘^ĞƵƷŶŝĐŽĞƌƌŽĨŽŝ

110
ϱϵ͘ No trecho “ůĞƐ ƚġŵŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĐĂƌĚşĂĐŽ ĞŶǀŽůǀĂŵ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ͕ Ğŵ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂů͕ ĚĞ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ͕
parecido...” a palavra em destaque evita a ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ũŽǀĞŶƐ – ƚĂŝƐ ĐŽŵŽ Ă
ƌĞƉĞƚŝĕĆŽĚŽƚĞƌŵŽ ĞĐůĂƌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ,ƵŵĂŶŽƐ͕ Ă
ŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ŽĞŽd;ſĚŝŐŽ
;Ϳ ĐĂĐŚŽƌƌŽƐ͘ ĚĞ dƌąŶƐŝƚŽ ƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽͿ Ͳ͕ Ğ Ă ƌĞŐƵůĂŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ
;Ϳ ƌƵƐƐŽƐ͘ ĚĂ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĞƐĐŽůĂƌ͕ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕
;Ϳ ŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ͘ ƌĞŐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĞƐĐŽůĂƌ͕ Ă ƐĞƵƐ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ ĚĞ
;Ϳ ĂƐƚƌŽŶĂƵƚĂƐ͘ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͘ ;&ϲϵ>WϮϳͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌ Ă ĨŽƌŵĂ
ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂů ĚĞ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ ƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞŶƚĞƐ Ă
ϲϬ͘ >ĞŝĂŽƐƚƌĞĐŚŽƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐŶŽƌŵĂƚŝǀŽƐͬũƵƌşĚŝĐŽƐĞĂŐġŶĞƌŽƐĚĂ
/Ͳ sĄƌŝŽƐ ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ ǀŝĂũĂƌĂŵ ƉĞůŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ ĞƐĨĞƌĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͕ ƚĂŝƐ ĐŽŵŽ ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ͕
ĐŽŵŽĂƐƚƌŽŶĂƵƚĂƐ͘ ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ ;ƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ
//Ͳ K ĐŚŝŵƉĂŶǌĠ Ġ Ž ƉƌĞĨĞƌŝĚŽ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ Ġ Ă ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĂĕƁĞƐ Ă ƐĞƌĞŵ ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ͕
ŝŶƚĞůŝŐĞŶƚĞ Ğ ĐŽŶǀŝǀĞ ŵĞůŚŽƌ ĐŽŵ Ž ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ͕ ĂĕƁĞƐ ƉƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐ ĞƚĐ͘Ϳ͕ ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂ
ŚŽŵĞŵ͘ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ;ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ Ğ ƐƵĂ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ͕
///Ͳ ŶŽƐĨŽŝŽŵĂŝƐĨĂŵŽƐŽŵĂĐĂĐŽĂǀŝĂũĂƌ ƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ă ƚĞŵĂƐ Ğŵ
ƉĂƌĂŽĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ĞŵŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽĚĞϭϵϲϭ͘ ĚŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽͿ Ğ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ ƌĞŝǀŝŶĚŝĐĂƚſƌŝŽƐ͗ ƉĞƚŝĕĆŽ
ĐŽƌƌĞƚŽĂĨŝƌŵĂƌƋƵĞ ;ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂ͕ƐƵĂƐũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂƐĞĂĕƁĞƐĂƐĞƌĞŵ
Ϳ /ĠƵŵĂŽƉŝŶŝĆŽĚŽĂƵƚŽƌ͘ ĂĚŽƚĂĚĂƐͿĞƐƵĂƐŵĂƌĐĂƐůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͕ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂ
Ϳ //ĠŽƉŝŶŝĆŽĞ///ĠƵŵĨĂƚŽ͘ ĂŝŶĐƌĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚĞƚĞǆƚŽƐ͘
Ϳ /͕//͕///ƐĆŽĨĂƚŽƐĞŶĆŽŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐ͘ dĞǆƚŽϭ
Ϳ //ĠƵŵĂŽƉŝŶŝĆŽĚŽĂƵƚŽƌ͘
KďũĞƚŽĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ƐƚĂƚƵƚŽĚĂƌŝĂŶĕĂ
Ğ ĚŽ ĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ – Ͳ ŶĄůŝƐĞ ĚĞ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ
ůĞŐĂŝƐͬŶŽƌŵĂƚŝǀŽƐ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ĞŶĐƵƌƚĂĚŽƌ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƉǁ:ϴϵĐĞƐƐŽ
ĞŵϮϮĚĞƐĞƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗;&ϴϵ>WϭϳͲͿ ZĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌƚĞǆƚŽƐĞ
ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ ůĞŐĂŝƐ Ğ ŶŽƌŵĂƚŝǀŽƐ ĚĞ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂů͕ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů ŽƵ ůŽĐĂů ƋƵĞ

111
KĞƐƚĂƚƵƚŽĠĐŽŵƉŽƐƚŽƉŽƌĚŽŝƐůŝǀƌŽƐ͘
KƋƵĞĠŽ͍
K ůŝǀƌŽ / ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞ ă ƉĂƌƚĞ ŐĞƌĂů͕ ƋƵĞ ǀĂŝ ĚŽ
KƐƚĂƚƵƚŽĚĂƌŝĂŶĕĂĞĚŽĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ
ĂƌƚŝŐŽ ϭǑ ĂŽ ĂƌƚŝŐŽ ϴϱ Ğ ƚƌĂƚĂ ĚŽƐ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ
;Ϳ Ġ ƵŵĂ ůĞŝ ;>Ğŝ ϴ͘ϬϲϵͬϭϵϵϬͿ ƋƵĞ ƚƌĂƚĂ
ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ Ğ ĚĂ ƉƌĞǀĞŶĕĆŽ ă ǀŝŽůĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ
ĚŽƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐĚĂƐ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͘ƐƐĞ
ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ͘
ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽŶŽƌŵĂƚŝǀŽĨŽŝƉƌŽŵƵůŐĂĚŽĞŵϭϯ
K>ŝǀƌŽ//ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞăƉĂƌƚĞĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂĞ
ĚĞ ũƵůŚŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϵϬ͕ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ĚĞ
ƚƌĂƚĂ ĚĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƐ
&ĞƌŶĂŶĚŽŽůůŽƌ͘
ĚĞ ƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽ͕ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƚŽƐ ŝŶĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕
K ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ
ŵĞĚŝĚĂƐƉĞƌƚŝŶĞŶƚĞƐĂŽƐƉĂŝƐŽƵƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ͕
ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ ƐĆŽ ƐƵũĞŝƚŽƐ ĚĞ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ Ğŵ
ĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽƐƚƵƚĞůĂƌĞƐ͕ĂĐĞƐƐŽăũƵƐƚŝĕĂĞĐƌŝŵĞƐ
ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ͕ ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕
ĞŝŶĨƌĂĕƁĞƐĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ͘
ĚĞǀĞŵƐĞƌƉƌŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞĂďƐŽůƵƚĂĚŽƐƚĂĚŽ͘ƐƐĂ
ůĞŝƉƌĞǀġăƐĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐĞĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐŽƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ
ăǀŝĚĂ͕ăƐĂƷĚĞ͕ăĂůŝŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ͕ĂŽĞƐƉŽƌƚĞ͕ĂŽ ƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚŽ
ůĂǌĞƌ͕ ă ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ ă ĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ͕ ă
✔ K;ƐͿƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞů;ŝƐͿƉĞůĂĐƌŝĂĕĆŽĞƉĞůĂ
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ͕ ă ĚŝŐŶŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĂŽ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ Ğ ă
ƐĂŶĕĆŽĚĂůĞŝ͘
ĐŽŶǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌĞĐŽŵƵŶŝƚĄƌŝĂ͘
✔ dşƚƵůŽƐ͘
K ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚŽ ĞƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ ĠŐĂƌĂŶƚŝƌ ăƐ
✔ ĂƉşƚƵůŽƐ͘
ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽŵŽƌĂů͕ĨşƐŝĐŽ͕ƐŽĐŝĂůĞŵĞŶƚĂů͕ ✔ ^ĞĕƁĞƐ͘
ĚĞŵŽĚŽƋƵĞƉŽƐƐĂŵĞƐƚĂƌƉƌĞƉĂƌĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂ ✔ ƌƚŝŐŽƐƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌƐƵďĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽƐĞŵ
ǀŝĚĂĂĚƵůƚĂĞŵƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ ŝŶĐŝƐŽƐ ;ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽƐ
ƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽĚĂƐĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐĞĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ ƌŽŵĂŶŽƐ͗ /͕ //͕ /// ĞƚĐ͘Ϳ ŽƵ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ
ĠƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĂĨĂŵşůŝĂ͕ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĞĚŽ ƉĂƌĄŐƌĂĨŽƐ ;ƵƐĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ Ž ƐŝŶĂůΑͿ͕ ŐĞƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ
ƐƚĂĚŽ͘ ůĞƐ ĚĞǀĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƉƌŝǀĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ĐƵƌƚŽƐ ŽƵ ĂŝŶĚĂ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌͲƐĞ ĚĂ ĞŶƵŵĞƌĂĕĆŽ
ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ĚŝƐĐƌŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ͕ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ͕ ŶĞŐůŝŐġŶĐŝĂ͕ ƉĂƌĂĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ;ǆ͗͘Ăƌƚ͘ϮǑ͕Ăƌƚ͘ϭϬͿ͘
ĐƌƵĞůĚĂĚĞĞŽƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͘ ✔ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĨŽƌŵĂů͕ĐůĂƌĂĞŽďũĞƚŝǀĂ͘
KƐƚĂƚƵƚŽĚĂƌŝĂŶĕĂĞĚŽĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ✔ sĞƌďŽƐ ĐŽŵ ǀĂůŽƌ ĚĞ ŝŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ

ĨĂǌ ǀĂůĞƌ Ž ĚŝƐƉŽƐƚŽ ŶŽĂƌƚŝŐŽ ϮϮϳ ĚĂ ŝŶĚŝĐĂŵ ŶŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ůĞŝƐ͕ ĂƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ ĚĞǀĞŵ ƐĞƌ
ŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϴϴĞ ƐĞŐƵĞ ĂƐ ĚŝƌĞƚƌŝǌĞƐ ƐĞŐƵŝĚĂƐ͕ĞŶĆŽĚŝƐĐƵƚŝĚĂƐ͘
ĚĂŽŶǀĞŶĕĆŽ ƐŽďƌĞ ŽƐ ŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ ƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ ✔ sŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽŵĂŝƐƚĠĐŶŝĐŽ͘
ĚĂƐEĂĕƁĞƐhŶŝĚĂƐ͘

112
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŽƉŽƌƚƵŶŝĚĂĚĞƐ Ğ ĨĂĐŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͕ Ă Ĩŝŵ ĚĞ ůŚĞƐ

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘͘ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞĐĂͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ ĨĂĐƵůƚĂƌ Ž ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĨşƐŝĐŽ͕ ŵĞŶƚĂů͕
ϮϮĚĞƐĞƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ŵŽƌĂů͕ ĞƐƉŝƌŝƚƵĂů Ğ ƐŽĐŝĂů͕ Ğŵ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ
ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞĞĚĞĚŝŐŶŝĚĂĚĞ͘
WĂƌĄŐƌĂĨŽ ƷŶŝĐŽ͘KƐ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ

ŶĞƐƚĂ >Ğŝ ĂƉůŝĐĂŵͲƐĞ Ă ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ
d/s/^
ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ƐĞŵ ĚŝƐĐƌŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
>ĞŝĂ ŽƐ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ ϭ Ğ Ϯ͕ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞ Ă ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĚŽ ŶĂƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌ͕ ŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ƐĞǆŽ͕
ĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ͗ ƌĂĕĂ͕ ĞƚŶŝĂ ŽƵ ĐŽƌ͕ ƌĞůŝŐŝĆŽ ŽƵ ĐƌĞŶĕĂ͕
ĚĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů ĚĞ
dĞǆƚŽϮ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĂƉƌĞŶĚŝǌĂŐĞŵ͕ ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ
ƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ ĚĂ ƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ ĚŽ ĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ Ğ ĚĄ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂ͕ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞƐŽĐŝĂů͕ƌĞŐŝĆŽĞůŽĐĂůĚĞ
ŽƵƚƌĂƐƉƌŽǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ͘ ŵŽƌĂĚŝĂŽƵŽƵƚƌĂĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽƋƵĞĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĞĂƐ
ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͕ĂƐĨĂŵşůŝĂƐŽƵĂĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĞŵƋƵĞ
ƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ͗ >/ EǑ ϴ͘Ϭϲϵ͕ ϭϯ :h>,K
ǀŝǀĞŵ͘ ;ŝŶĐůƵşĚŽƉĞůĂ>ĞŝŶǑϭϯ͘Ϯϱϳ͕ĚĞϮϬϭϲͿ͘
ϭϵϵϬ
΀͘͘͘΁
ƌƚ͘ϭǑƐƚĂ>ĞŝĚŝƐƉƁĞƐŽďƌĞĂƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽ
ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂůăĐƌŝĂŶĕĂĞĂŽĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͘ ƌƚ͘ ϭϭϮ͘ sĞƌŝĨŝĐĂĚĂ Ă ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĂƚŽ
ŝŶĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ĂĂƵƚŽƌŝĚĂĚĞĐŽŵƉĞƚĞŶƚĞƉŽĚĞƌĄ
ƌƚ͘ ϮǑ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂͲƐĞ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ
ĂƉůŝĐĂƌĂŽĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞĂƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐŵĞĚŝĚĂƐ͗
ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĚĞƐƚĂ >Ğŝ͕ Ă ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ĂƚĠ ĚŽǌĞ ĂŶŽƐ ĚĞ
ŝĚĂĚĞ ŝŶĐŽŵƉůĞƚŽƐ͕ Ğ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ĂƋƵĞůĂ /– ĂĚǀĞƌƚġŶĐŝĂ͖
ĞŶƚƌĞĚŽǌĞĞĚĞǌŽŝƚŽĂŶŽƐĚĞŝĚĂĚĞ͘
//– ŽďƌŝŐĂĕĆŽĚĞƌĞƉĂƌĂƌŽĚĂŶŽ͖
WĂƌĄŐƌĂĨŽ ƷŶŝĐŽ͘ EŽƐ ĐĂƐŽƐ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŽƐ
///– ƉƌĞƐƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐăĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ͖
Ğŵ ůĞŝ͕ ĂƉůŝĐĂͲƐĞ ĞǆĐĞƉĐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĞƐƚĞ
ƐƚĂƚƵƚŽăƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĞŶƚƌĞĚĞǌŽŝƚŽĞǀŝŶƚĞĞƵŵ /s– ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞĂƐƐŝƐƚŝĚĂ͖
ĂŶŽƐĚĞŝĚĂĚĞ͘
s– ŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽĞŵƌĞŐŝŵĞĚĞƐĞŵŝůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ͖
ƌƚ͘ ϯǑ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ Ž ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ŐŽǌĂŵ
s/ – ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ĚĞƚŽĚŽƐŽƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐŝŶĞƌĞŶƚĞƐă
ĞĚƵĐĂĐŝŽŶĂů͖
ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ŚƵŵĂŶĂ͕ ƐĞŵ ƉƌĞũƵşǌŽ ĚĂ ƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽ
ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂůĚĞƋƵĞƚƌĂƚĂĞƐƚĂ>Ğŝ͕ĂƐƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ s// – ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ƵŵĂ ĚĂƐ ƉƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐ ŶŽ Ăƌƚ͘
ůŚĞƐ͕ ƉŽƌ ůĞŝ ŽƵ ƉŽƌ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ŵĞŝŽƐ͕ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ϭϬϭ͕/Ăs/͘

113
Α ϭǑ ŵĞĚŝĚĂ ĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂ ĂŽ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ϯ͘ KƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽƐŶĞƐƚĂůĞŝĂƉůŝĐĂŵͲƐĞ

ůĞǀĂƌĄĞŵĐŽŶƚĂĂƐƵĂĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĐƵŵƉƌŝͲ ĂƋƵĞƚŝƉŽĚĞĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ͍ǆƉůŝƋƵĞ
ůĂ͕ĂƐĐŝƌĐƵŶƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐĞĂŐƌĂǀŝĚĂĚĞĚĂŝŶĨƌĂĕĆŽ͘
Α ϮǑŵŚŝƉſƚĞƐĞĂůŐƵŵĂĞƐŽďƉƌĞƚĞǆƚŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĂůŐƵŵ͕ƐĞƌĄĂĚŵŝƚŝĚĂĂƉƌĞƐƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĨŽƌĕĂĚŽ͘
ϰ͘ K ƋƵĞ Ěŝǌ Ă ůĞŝ ƐŽďƌĞ ĂƐ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƐ Ă ƐĞƌĞŵ
Α ϯǑ KƐ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ ƉŽƌƚĂĚŽƌĞƐ ĚĞ ĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐ ĂŽ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉĞůĂƐ ĂƵƚŽƌŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ĚŽĞŶĕĂ ŽƵ ĚĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ ŵĞŶƚĂů ƌĞĐĞďĞƌĆŽ ĐŽŵƉĞƚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ĐĂƐŽƐĞũĂǀĞƌŝĨŝĐĂĚĂĂƉƌĄƚŝĐĂĚĞ
ƚƌĂƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů Ğ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŝǌĂĚŽ͕ Ğŵ ĂƚŽŝŶĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů͍
ůŽĐĂůĂĚĞƋƵĂĚŽăƐƐƵĂƐĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ͘
΀͘͘͘΁ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
Z^/>͘>ĞŝŶΣϴϬϲϵ͕ĚĞϭϯĚĞũƵůŚŽĚĞϭϵϵϬ͘
ϱ͘ sŽĐġĐŽŶĐŽƌĚĂĐŽŵĂƐŵĞĚŝĚĂƐĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐ͍
WŽƌƋƵġ͍
ϲ͘ ^ŽďƌĞĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽ͕ƚŽĚĂƐĂƐŽƉĕƁĞƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů
ĞƐƚĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƚĂƐ͕ĞǆĐĞƚŽ͗
Ğŵ͗ŚƚƚƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉůĂŶĂůƚŽ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬĐĐŝǀŝůͺϬϯͬ>/^ͬ>ϴϬϲϵ͘
ŚƚŵĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϮĚĞƐĞƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘;&ƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽͿ
;Ϳ K ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ƚşƚƵůŽƐ͕ ĐĂƉşƚƵůŽƐ Ğ ƐĞĕƁĞƐ͕
ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ǀŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽ ƚĠĐŶŝĐŽ Ğ ƵŵĂ
ϭ͘ KƋƵĞĠŽĐĂ͍ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĨŽƌŵĂů͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;ͿKƐĂƌƚŝŐŽƐĚŽƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌƐƵďĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ Ğŵ ŝŶĐŝƐŽƐ ;ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƌŽŵĂŶŽƐ͗/͕//͕///ĞƚĐ͘Ϳ͘
Ϯ͘ YƵĂůŽŽďũĞƚŝǀŽĚŽ͍ ;Ϳ EŽ ͕ ƵƐĂŵͲƐĞ ǀĞƌďŽƐ ĐŽŵ ǀĂůŽƌ ĚĞ

ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŝŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŝŶĚŝĐĂŵ ŶŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ůĞŝƐ͕ ĂƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƋƵĂŝƐĚĞǀĞŵƐĞƌƐĞŐƵŝĚĂƐ͕ĞŶĆŽĚŝƐĐƵƚŝĚĂƐ͘

114
;Ϳ Ɛ ŶŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ůĞŝƐ ĚŝƐƉŽƐƚĂƐ ŶŽ ŶĆŽ ϵ͘ No fragmento “Parágrafo único.KƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ
ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂŵƐĞƌƐĞŐƵŝĚĂƐ͕ƉŽŝƐĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂŵĂƉĞŶĂƐ ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ ŶĞƐƚĂ >Ğŝ ĂƉůŝĐĂŵͲƐĞ Ă ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ
ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐĞŶĆŽŽďƌŝŐĂƚŽƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ͘ crianças e adolescentes, ... “a palavra
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞĂĐůĂƐƐĞĚĞƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ
ϳ͘ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂŶŽĠ
;Ϳ ƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ĚĄ ŶŽŵĞ ĂŽƐ ƐĞƌĞƐ͕
;Ϳ ĨŽƌŵĂů͕ ĐůĂƌĂ Ğ ŽďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ ĐŽŵ ǀŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽ
ĂƚƵĚŽƋƵĞƐĞǀġ͕ŽƵǀĞ͕ƐĞŶƚĞŽƵŝŵĂŐŝŶĂ͘ǆ͗͘
ƚĠĐŶŝĐŽ͘
ĐĂƐĂ͕ ĂǀŝĆŽ͕ ŐƌŝƚŽ͕ ŵƷƐŝĐĂ͕ ĨĞůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĂŵŽƌ͕
;ͿƉŽĠƚŝĐĂ͕ƉĞƌŵĞĂĚĂĚĞƐƵďũĞƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĐŽŵ ĞƚĐ͘
ǀŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽĚŝǀĞƌƐŽ͘
;Ϳ ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ƐƵďƐƚŝƚƵŝ Ž ƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽ
;Ϳ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂů͕ ŽďƐĐƵƌĂ͕ ƐƵďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ ĐŽŵ ;ŶŽŵĞͿ͘dĞŵĂĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŝŶĚŝĐĂƌĂƉĞƐƐŽĂ
ǀŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͘ ĚŽĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽŽƵƐŝƚƵĂƌŶŽƚĞŵƉŽĞĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ƐĞŵ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌ Ž ƐĞƵ ŶŽŵĞ͘ ǆĞŵƉůŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞƐ
;ͿƌĞŐŝŽŶĂů͕ĐůĂƌĂĞŽďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ĐŽŵǀŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽ
ŝŶĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽƐ͗ ƚŽĚŽ;ƐͿ͕ ƚŽĚĂ;ƐͿ͕ ƚƵĚŽ͕ ŶĞŶŚƵŵ͕
ĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͘
ŶĞŶŚƵŵĂĞƚĐ͘
ϴ͘ WĂƌĂĐƵŵƉƌŝƌƐƵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽƐŽĐŝĂů͕ŽƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ
;Ϳ ĂƌƚŝŐŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ġ ĂĐůĂƐƐĞ ĚĞ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ƋƵĞ
ĚĂ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ ĚŽ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ
ĂŶƚĞĐĞĚĞŽƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽƉĂƌĂĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĄͲůŽĚĞ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐ ĚĞƐƐĞ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ
ŵŽĚŽ ƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌ ŽƵ ŐĞƌĂů͘ ,ĄĚŽŝƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ
ĂŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĂ ůşŶŐƵĂ Ğ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ă ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ
ĂƌƚŝŐŽƐ͗ ĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽƐ͗ Ž͕ ŽƐ͕ Ă͕ ĂƐ͖ Ğ ŝŶĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽƐ͗
ƚĞǆƚƵĂů͘ŶƚƌĞĞƐƐĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͕ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂͲƐĞ
Ƶŵ͕ƵŶƐ͕ƵŵĂ͕ƵŵĂƐ͘
Ž ĞŵƉƌĞŐŽĚĞ
;Ϳ ĚũĞƚŝǀŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ĠƚŽĚĂ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ƋƵĞ
;ͿƌĞƉĞƚŝĕĆŽ ǀŽĐĂďƵůĂƌ ƉĂƌĂ ĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂƌ Ž
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂ Ž ƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽ͕ ŝŶĚŝĐĂŶĚŽ
ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘
ůŚĞƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĚĞĨĞŝƚŽ͕ĞƐƚĂĚŽ͕ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ͕ ĞƚĐ͘
;ͿƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ Ğ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞǀŝƚĞŵ
ǆ͗͘ ŚŽŵĞŵďŽŵ;ƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞͿ͕
ĂŵďŝŐƵŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ŵĞŶŝŶŽƚƌĂƋƵŝŶĂ;ĚĞĨĞŝƚŽͿ͕
;ͿĞǆƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂŝƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌ ŽƐ
ŵŽĕĂĨĞůŝǌ;ĞƐƚĂĚŽͿ͕ĨĂŵşůŝĂƌŝĐĂ;ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽͿ͘
ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ͘
;ͿĨƌĂƐĞƐŶĂŽƌĚĞŵĚŝƌĞƚĂƉĂƌĂĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌĂƐ Kƌƚ͘ϭϭϮ͘ĚŽ;ƚĞǆƚŽϮͿ͕ĂĐŝŵĂ͕ĚĞŝǆĂĐůĂƌŽ
ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐŵĂŝƐƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚĞƐ͘ ĂƐ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐ͕ ƉĞůĂƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ĂƵƚŽƌŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĐŽŵƉĞƚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĂŽƐ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͕
ŚƚƚƉ͗ͬͬĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽ͘ŐůŽďŽ͘ĐŽŵͬƉƌŽǀĂƐͬĞŶĞŵͲ
ϮϬϭϯͬƋƵĞƐƚŽĞƐͬϭϬϱ͘Śƚŵů ĐĞƐƐŽ͗ Ϯϴ ƐĞƚ͘ ϮϬϮϭ͘ ĞŵĐĂƐŽĚĞƉƌĄƚŝĐĂĚĞĂƚŽŝŶĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘DĂƐŚĄ
;ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚĂͿ
ŶĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĚŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ ƉŽůġŵŝĐĂ Ă
ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ ĚĂ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĞŶĂů ĚĞ ϭϴ ƉĂƌĂ ϭϲ

115
ĂŶŽƐ͘ EĞƐƐĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͕ ůĞŝĂ ĐŽŵ ĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ ŽƐ ƚŽƌŶĞŵ ĂƐ ƉƵŶŝĕƁĞƐ ŵĂŝƐ ƐĞǀĞƌĂƐ ĂƐ Ă ĞƐƐĞƐ
ĂƌƚŝŐŽƐ͕ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ ƋƵĞ ĂďŽƌĚĂŵ Ž ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ͕ ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐ͘ ŝĂŶƚĞ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ĨĂƚŽƐ Ġ ƋƵĞ ŚŽũĞ ƐĞ
ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŶĚŽ ƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚŝǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ĚŝƐĐƵƚĞ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ƌĞĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĞŶĂů
WŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĚŝƐĐƵƚĂĐŽŵŽƐƐĞƵƐĐŽůĞŐĂƐĞ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ Ğ ŽƐ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ Ğ
ĐŽŵŽƐĞƵƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ͕ƉĂƌĂĨĂǌĞƌĂƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŝƐƐŽ ƚƌĂƌĄ ĐŽŵ Ă
ϭϬĂϭϱ͕ĂďĂŝǆŽ͘ ŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĂůĞŐŝƐůĂĕĆŽďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘
΀͘͘͘΁ EŽ ĐĞŶĄƌŝŽ ĂƚƵĂů͕ ŽƐ şŶĚŝĐĞƐ ĚĞ
>ĞŵďƌĞͲƐĞ͕ƉĂƌĂƐĞƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂƌ͕ĠŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ
ĐƌŝŵŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ŝŶĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĐŽŵĞƚŝĚŽƐ ƉĞůŽƐ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂƌ ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ
ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ Ƶŵ ŐƌĂƵ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĞůĞǀĂĚŽ͕
ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĚĞ ſĚŝŽ͘ sŽĐġ ƉŽĚĞ ĚĂƌ Ă ƐƵĂ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĚŽƐ ĂŽƐ ĂĚƵůƚŽƐ͕ ŝƐƐŽ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ
ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͕ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ ƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ĐŽŵŽƉĂƐƐĂƌĚŽƚĞŵƉŽĞƐƚĆŽĐĂĚĂǀĞǌŵĞŶŽƐ
ĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽƐĂŽƐĞƵ͕ƐĞŵŽĨĞŶĚĞƌŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ͘EſƐ
ŝŵƉƵŶĞƐ͘ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ŶŽąŵďŝƚŽŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕
ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ĞǆƉĂŶĚŝŵŽƐ ŽŶŽƐƐŽ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕
Ă ŵĂŝŽƌ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĂĚŽƚĂ ůĞŐŝƐůĂĕƁĞƐ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽƵǀŝŵŽƐŽŽƵƚƌŽĞŶŽƐƉƌŽŶƵŶĐŝĂŵŽƐ
ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ ĞƐĨĞƌĂ ƚĞƌƌŝƚŽƌŝĂů͕
ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽƐĂ͘
ǀŝƐƚŽ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĞƐ ŵĂƌĐŽƐ ĞƚĄƌŝŽƐ ĚĂ
>ĞŝĂŽƐĂƌƚŝŐŽƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞĨĂĕĂĂƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐĚĞ ŝŵƉƵƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞŶĆŽƐĆŽƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂŝƐŶŽƐĚĞŵĂŝƐ
ϭϬĂϭϱ͘ ƉĂşƐĞƐĚŽŵƵŶĚŽ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ƐĞƌĄĚĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵ
ĂƚŽůĞƌąŶĐŝĂĚĞĐĂĚĂŶĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĂĂĨŝǆĂĕĆŽĚŽƐ
ƌƚŝŐŽϭ
ƉĂƌąŵĞƚƌŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂŵ Ă ŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĞŶĂů͘
ƌĞĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĞŶĂů ƉĂƌĂ ϭϲ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĞůĞƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ ă &ƌĂŶĕĂ͕ ƐƚĂĚŽƐ hŶŝĚŽƐ͕
ĂŶŽƐĞƐĞƵƐƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ /ŶŐůĂƚĞƌƌĂ͕ĠůŐŝĐĂĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘
KƌĂƐŝůƚĞŶƚĂƐĞĞƐƉĞůŚĂƌŶĞƐƐĞƐWĂşƐĞƐŽŶĚĞŽ
K ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ ĂƌƚŝŐŽ ǀĞŵ ĞǆƉŽƌ ĐŽŵŽ ƚĞŵ ƐŝĚŽ
şŶĚŝĐĞĚĞ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ƵƌďĂŶĂ Ġ ŵŝŶŽƌŝƚĄƌŝŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ
ĐŽŵƵŵ Ă ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĐƌŝŵĞƐ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ
ĂƉůŝĐĂŵ ƐƵĂƐ ƉĞŶĂƐ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ ƐĞǀĞƌĂ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ
ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐĚĞŝĚĂĚĞŶĂĨĂŝǆĂĞŶƚƌĞϭϲĂϭϴĂŶŽƐ͘
ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ ƐĞũĂŵ ĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĂĚĂƐ͕ Ğ͕
/ƐƐŽƚĞŵƐŝĚŽƵŵƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƉĂƌĂĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕
ƐĂŝďĂŵŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌŽƋƵĞĠĐĞƌƚŽĞĞƌƌĂĚŽ͘ŵ
ƉŽŝƐĂƐƉĞŶĂƐĚĞƉƌŝƐĆŽƐĆŽĂƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐĂƉĂƌƚŝƌ
ƐƵŵĂ͕ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ ũĄ ĐƌŝĂŵ Ğŵ ƐĞƵƐ
ĚĂ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĞŶĂů͕ ƋƵĞ ĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ Ġ
ƐƵďĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĐŽŵĞƚĞƌĞŵ ĂůŐƵŵ ĂƚŽ
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚŽƐϭϴĂŶŽƐĐŽŵƉůĞƚŽƐ͘
ŝůşĐŝƚŽƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƌĆŽƉĞůŽƐƐĞƵƐĂƚŽƐ͕ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶĚŽ
ĨĂůƚĂ ĚĞ ƉƵŶŝĕĆŽ Ġ Ă ŵĂŝŽƌ ŝŶĚŝŐŶĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ĞŵƉƌŝƐĆŽŽƵŽƵƚƌĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞƉƵŶŝĕƁĞƐ͘΀͘͘͘΁
ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ŵĂŝŽƌĞƐ ǀşƚŝŵĂƐ͕
ĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞƉůĞŶĂĂŽŵĞŶŽƌĚĞϭϲĂŶŽƐŶĆŽĠ
ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ ĐůĂŵĂŵ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ůĞŐŝƐůĂĚŽƌĞƐ
ƉƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ ŶŽĐſĚŝŐŽ ƉĞŶĂů͕ ŵĂƐ Ğŵ
ŵŽĚŝĨŝƋƵĞŵ ŽĐſĚŝŐŽ ƉĞŶĂů͕ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ ƋƵĞ

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ĐŽŶƚƌĂƉĂƌƚŝĚĂ ŶĂ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ Đŝǀŝů ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ƚŽĚŽƐƚƌĂŶƋƵŝůŽƐ͕ƉŽŝƐ͕ŶŽŵŽŵĞŶƚŽŽƉŽƌƚƵŶŽ͕

ĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ ƌĞůĂƚŝǀĂ͕ ũĄ ƋƵĞ ůŚĞ ĨŽŝ ĐŽŶĐĞĚŝĚŽ ƵŵĂůĞŝĂďƐƵƌĚĂŶĆŽƉĂƐƐĂƌŝĂ͘/ŶĨĞůŝǌŵĞŶƚĞŶĆŽ
ĂŵƉůŽƐƉŽĚĞƌĞƐĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĐŽŵŽŽĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ Ġ ĂƐƐŝŵ ƋƵĞ ĚĞǀĞŵŽƐ ƉĞŶƐĂƌ͘ ďƐƵƌĚŽƐ
ĂŽǀŽƚŽ͘΀͘͘͘΁ ŽĐŽƌƌĞŵ ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ Ğ͕ ƉŽƌ ŵĂŝƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŝŶĐŽĞƌĞŶƚĞƋƵĞƐĞũĂĂůĞŝ͕ŽŽŶŐƌĞƐƐŽEĂĐŝŽŶĂů
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƌĞŶĂƚŽůĞŝƚĞƌĞŝƐ͘ũƵƐďƌĂƐŝů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĂƌƚŝŐŽƐͬϰϲϬϳϰ
ϭϳϰϴͬĂͲƌĞĚƵĐĂŽͲĚĂͲŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞͲƉĞŶĂůͲƉĂƌĂͲϭϲͲĂŶŽƐͲĞͲ ƉŽĚĞĨĂǌĞƌǀĂůĞƌƐƵĂƐǀŽŶƚĂĚĞƐ͘
ƐĞƵƐͲƉŽƐƐŝǀĞŝƐͲĞĨĞŝƚŽƐͬĐĞƐƐŽ͗ϮϴƐĞƚ͘ϮϬϮϭ͘
;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͬ&ƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽͿ ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂŶĆŽĚĞǀĞƐĞƌǀŝƐƚĂĐŽŵŽƵŵĂ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂ͘ YƵĞŵĚĞƐĞũĂ ŵĂŝƐ
ƌƚŝŐŽϮ ƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂĚĞǀĞƉĞŶƐĂƌŵĂŝƐĂŵƉůĂŵĞŶƚĞŶŽƐ
ĚĂĚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĂŶƚĞĐĞĚĞŵ ŽƐ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ Ğ ŶŽƐ
ZĞĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĂ DĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ WĞŶĂů͗ ŵĂŝƐ
ƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐ ĚĞƐĚŽďƌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ
ƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂŽƵŵĂŝƐǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ͍
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ͘ EĞŵ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ŝƐƐŽ Ġ ĨĄĐŝů͕
ũĂĐŝĂǀŝĚĚĞKůŝǀĞŝƌĂΎ
ƉŽŝƐƌĞƋƵĞƌƋƵĞĂƐĂŐġŶĐŝĂƐĞƐƚĂƚĂŝƐƉƌŽĚƵǌĂŵ
ĚĂĚŽƐĨŝĠŝƐĞƋƵĞĞůĞƐƐĞũĂŵƚƌĂŶƐƉĂƌĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ƌĞĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĞŶĂů ƚĞŵ ƐŝĚŽ
ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞůĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵŝƌ ĐĞŶĄƌŝŽƐ͕
ĂƉŽŶƚĂĚĂƉŽƌĂůŐƵŶƐƉĂƌůĂŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐĐŽŵŽƵŵĂ
ƉƌŽũĞĕƁĞƐĞ ƉĞŶƐĂƌ Ğŵ ŶŽǀĂƐ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂ ƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ ^ƵƉŽƐƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐƉƷďůŝĐĂƐ͘
ŽƐ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ϭϲ Ğ ϭϳ ĂŶŽƐ ƐĆŽ
KƐ ĚĂĚŽƐ ĞƐƚĂƚşƐƚŝĐŽƐ ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚŽƐ ƐŽďƌĞ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ƉĞůŽƐ ĂůƚŽƐ şŶĚŝĐĞƐ ĚĞ
ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ĐƌŝŵĞƐ ĂƉŽŶƚĂŵƋƵĞ Ă ĨĂŝǆĂ
ĐƌŝŵŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĞ͕ƉŽƌŶĆŽƐĞƌĞŵƉƵŶŝĚŽƐĐŽŵŽ
ĞƚĄƌŝĂ ĚĞ ϭϲ Ğ ϭϳ ĂŶŽƐ ŶĆŽ ĞƐƚĄ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ă
ĂĚƵůƚŽƐ͕ĂĐĂďĂƌŝĂŵĨĂǀŽƌĞĐĞŶĚŽĂŝŵƉƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞůƉĞůĂ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ŶĂ
ĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵŽƐƉĂƌůĂŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐ͕ĂƌĞĚƵĕĆŽĚĂ
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ ŽŵŽ ũĄƐĞ ĨŽŝ ĂŵƉůĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĞŶĂů ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƌĄ ƉĂƌĂ ƵŵĂ
ĚŝǀƵůŐĂĚŽ͕ ĚĞŶƚƌĞ ŵĂŝƐ ĚĞ ϮϬ ŵŝůŚƁĞƐ ĚĞ
ŵĞůŚŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂ͕ƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞƌĞĚƵǌŝƌĄ
ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ϮϮ͘ϬϳϳĞƐƚĆŽĞŵĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽĐŽŵĂ
ĂƐƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ŶĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ
ůĞŝ͘ /ƐƚŽ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ϭ͕Ϭϭй͘ WŽƌ ƉĞƋƵĞŶŽ ƋƵĞ
ĞůĂƐ͕ŽƐŚŽŵŝĐşĚŝŽƐ͘
ƐĞũĂ͕ ĞƐƚĞ Ġ Ƶŵ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂ ƋƵĞ
WĂƌĂŵƵŝƚŽƐĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞƐĚŽĐĂŵƉŽũƵƌşĚŝĐŽ͕
ĚĞǀĞŵŽƐĞŶĨƌĞŶƚĂƌ͕ ŵĂƐ ĚĞĨŝŶŝƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ġ
ĂƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĠĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĞƋƵŝǀŽĐĂĚĂ͕ƉŽŝƐ
ƵŵĂĨĂƌƐĂĂĨŝƌŵĂƌƋƵĞĞůĞƐƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵƵŵĂ
Ă ŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ &ĞĚĞƌĂů ǀĞƚĂ ƚŽĚĂ Ğ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ
ĂŵĞĂĕĂ ƐŽĐŝĂů ƋƵĞ ŽďƌŝŐĂƵŵĂ ƌĞĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ƚĞŶƚĂƚŝǀĂĚĞĞůŝŵŝŶĂƌĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘/ƐƚŽĠ͕Ɛſ
ŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞƉĞŶĂů͘
ƐĞ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂ ƉƌŽƉŽƌ Ğ ĂƉƌŽǀĂƌ Ă ƌĞĚƵĕĆŽĚĂ
DĂƐ͕ŵƵŝƚŽŵĂŝƐŐƌĂǀĞĠƋƵĞ͕ĂŽĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽ
ŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĞŶĂů Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ŶŽǀĂ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ͘
ĚŽƋƵĞƐĞĨĂůĂ͕ĂƌĞĚƵĕĆŽĚĂŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞƉĞŶĂů
WĂƌƚŝŶĚŽ ĚĞƐƐĂ ƉƌĞŵŝƐƐĂ͕ƉŽĚĞƌşĂŵŽƐ ĨŝĐĂƌ
ƚĞŵ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ŝŶŐƌĞĚŝĞŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĂŵƉůŝĂƌ Ž

117
ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ŵŽƌƚĞƐ ǀŝŽůĞŶƚĂƐ ;ŚŽŵŝĐşĚŝŽ͕ ĂƌĞĚƵĕĆŽĚĂŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞƉĞŶĂůďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͍WŽƌ

ŵŽƌƚĞƐ ŶŽ ƚƌąŶƐŝƚŽ Ğ ƐƵŝĐşĚŝŽƐͿ͘ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ƋƵġ͍
ĐŚĞŐĂƌŵŽƐ Ă ĞƐƐĂ ĐŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ
ĚĞƐĚŽďƌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŝŵĞĚŝĂƚŽƐ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĞǀĞŶƚƵĂů
ĂƉƌŽǀĂĕĆŽĚĞƐƐĂƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂ͘΀͘͘͘΁
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ΎŝũĂĐŝ ĂǀŝĚ ĚĞ KůŝǀĞŝƌĂ Ġ ĚŽƵƚŽƌ Ğŵ
^ŽĐŝŽůŽŐŝĂĞĚŝƌĞƚŽƌĚĂ&ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞ ĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐ ϭϯ͘ ŵ ƐƵĂ ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͕ ĐƌŝŵŝŶĂůŝǌĂƌ ŽƐ
^ŽĐŝĂŝƐ;&^ͿĚĂh&'͘ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ŵƵĚĂŶĚŽ Ă ůĞŝ͕ ŝƐĞŶƚĂ Ă
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬũŽƌŶĂů͘ƵĨŐ͘ďƌͬŶͬϴϭϯϭϴͲ
ĂƌƚŝŐŽͲƌĞĚƵĐĂŽͲĚĂͲŵĂŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞͲƉĞŶĂůͲŵĂŝƐͲƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĐĂͲŽƵͲ ƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽŝŶƚĞŐƌĂů͍:ƵƐƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ͘
ŵĂŝƐͲǀŝŽůĞŶĐŝĂͬĐĞƐƐŽ
ϭϰ͘ sŽĐġũĄƚŽŵŽƵĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞĐĂƐŽƐĚĞ
ϭϬ͘ ĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵŽĂƌƚŝŐŽϭ͕ĂƐĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐĞŽƐ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐƋƵĞĞŶƚƌĂƌĂŵĞŵĐŽŶĨƌŽŶƚŽĐŽŵ
adolescentes que cometem crimes “são Ă ůĞŝ͍ K ƋƵĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ ĐŽŵ ĞůĞƐ͍ YƵĂů Ġ Ž
vítimas da sociedade”. Você concorda com ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽĞŵƋƵĞǀŝǀŝĂŵ͍
ĞƐƐĞĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽ͍:ƵƐƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ͍
ϭϭ͘ sŽĐġ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ƉƵŶŝĕƁĞƐ ĂŽƐ

ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ ĚĞƐĐƌŝƚĂƐ ŶŽ ĂƌƚŝŐŽ
ϭϭϮĚŽ͕ƐĆŽďƌĂŶĚĂƐŽƵƌşŐŝĚĂƐ͍ǆƉůŝƋƵĞ͘
ϭϮ͘ ƉſƐĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂĚŽƐĂƌƚŝŐŽƐϭĞϮ͘WŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĞͲ
ƐĞƐŽďƌĞŽƚĞŵĂĚŝƐĐƵƚŝĚŽ͘sŽĐġĐŽŶĐŽƌĚĂĐŽŵ

118
>ĞŝĂŽƐƚĞǆƚŽƐĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ;ͿsŽĐġĂĐŚĂƋƵĞĞƐƐĞƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐĞƐƚĆŽƐĞŶĚŽ
dĞǆƚŽϯ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂĚŽƐ͍ ^Ğ ŶĆŽ͕ ƋƵĂŝƐ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ

ƐĞŶĚŽĚĞƐƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂĚŽƐ͍
;Ϳ /ŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ ĚĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ͕ ŚĄ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ

ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ͕ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͕ ĞƐƚĆŽ ƐĞŶĚŽ
ĚĞƐƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ă ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ ĂŽ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͍YƵĂŝƐ͍
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĂĐƌŝƚŝĐĂ͘ĐŽŵͬŽƉŝŶŝŽŶƐͬĐƌŝĂŶĐĂƐͲĞŵͲ
ĐŽŶĚŝĐŽĞƐͲĚĞͲĂŵĞĂĐĂĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϯĚĞƐĞƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ
dĞǆƚŽϰ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
dşƚƵůŽ//ͲŽƐŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ&ƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ
ŶĂůŝƐĞ ŽƐ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ăƐ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽ/ͲŽŝƌĞŝƚŽăsŝĚĂĞă^ĂƷĚĞ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ͘
ƌƚ͘ ϳǑ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ Ž ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ƚġŵ
dĞǆƚŽϱ
ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽĂƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽăǀŝĚĂĞăƐĂƷĚĞ͕ŵĞĚŝĂŶƚĞ
ĂĞĨĞƚŝǀĂĕĆŽĚĞƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐƉƷďůŝĐĂƐƋƵĞ
ƉĞƌŵŝƚĂŵŽŶĂƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĞŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ƐĂĚŝŽĞŚĂƌŵŽŶŝŽƐŽ͕ĞŵĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐĚŝŐŶĂƐĚĞ
ĞǆŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬŵĚŚͬƉƚͲ

ďƌͬĐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐͲĚĞͲĐŽŶƚĞƵĚŽͬĐƌŝĂŶĐĂͲĞͲ
ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞͬĞƐƚĂƚƵƚŽͲĚĂͲĐƌŝĂŶĐĂͲĞͲĚŽͲĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞͲ
ǀĞƌƐĂŽͲϮϬϭϵ͘ƉĚĨĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϯĚĞƐĞƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĞƐŚŽũĞ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬǁƉͲ
ĐŽŶƚĞŶƚͬƵƉůŽĂĚƐͬϮϬϭϳͬϬϮͬƐŽƵͺǀŝƚŝŵĂͺĚĞͺǀŝŽůĞŶĐŝĂͺĚŽ
ϭϲ͘ Kƌƚ͘ϳǑ;ƚĞǆƚŽϰ͕ĂĐŝŵĂͿĞƐƚĄƐĞƌĞĨĞƌŝŶĚŽ ŵĞƐƚŝĐĂͲϭϳϯϭϱϴ͘ũƉŐĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϳĚĞƐĞƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
ĂĂůŐƵŶƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐƋƵĞĂĐƌŝĂŶĕĂĞŽĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ
ƚġŵ͘ ZĞůĂĐŝŽŶĞ ĞƐƐĞƐ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ăƐ ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ ĚŽ dĞǆƚŽϲ
ƚĞǆƚŽϯ͕ĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ͗ ƌƚ͘ ϭϯ͘ KƐ ĐĂƐŽƐ ĚĞ ƐƵƐƉĞŝƚĂ ŽƵ

ĐŽŶĨŝƌŵĂĕĆŽĚĞĐĂƐƚŝŐŽĨşƐŝĐŽ͕ĚĞƚƌĂƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ
ĐƌƵĞůŽƵĚĞŐƌĂĚĂŶƚĞĞĚĞŵĂƵƐͲƚƌĂƚŽƐĐŽŶƚƌĂ

119
ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ ŽƵ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ƐĞƌĆŽ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂů ĚŽƐ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ ƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞŶƚĞƐ Ă

ŽďƌŝŐĂƚŽƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĚŽƐ ĂŽ ŽŶƐĞůŚŽ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ ă ĚŝǀƵůŐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
dƵƚĞůĂƌĚĂƌĞƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂůŽĐĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƐĞŵƉƌĞũƵşǌŽ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͗ ƚşƚƵůŽ͕ ;ŽůŚŽ ĞͬŽƵ ũĂŶĞůĂͿ͕
ĚĞŽƵƚƌĂƐƉƌŽǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐůĞŐĂŝƐ͘;ZĞĚĂĕĆŽĚĂĚĂ ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ Ğŵ ƐƵďƚşƚƵůŽƐ͕
ƉĞůĂ>ĞŝŶǑϭϯ͘ϬϭϬ͕ĚĞϮϬϭϰͿ ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐŝůƵƐƚƌĂƚŝǀĂƐĚĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ͕ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ͕ŽƵ
ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐ ĐŽŵƉůĞǆŽƐ ;ĨŽƚŽƐ͕ ŝůƵƐƚƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬŵĚŚͬƉƚͲ
ďƌͬĐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐͲĚĞͲĐŽŶƚĞƵĚŽͬĐƌŝĂŶĐĂͲĞͲ ŐƌĄĨŝĐŽƐ͕ ŝŶĨŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽƐ͕ ĚŝĂŐƌĂŵĂƐ͕ ĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ͕
ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞͬĞƐƚĂƚƵƚŽͲĚĂͲĐƌŝĂŶĐĂͲĞͲĚŽͲĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞͲ
ƚĂďĞůĂƐ͕ ŵĂƉĂƐͿ ĞƚĐ͕͘ ĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ ĐŽŶƚĞŶĚŽ
ǀĞƌƐĂŽͲϮϬϭϵ͘ƉĚĨ ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϳĚĞƐĞƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
ĚĞĨŝŶŝĕƁĞƐ͕ ĚĞƐĐƌŝĕƁĞƐ͕ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕
ϭϳ͘ YƵĂůĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞŽƚĞŵĂĂďŽƌĚĂĚŽŶŽ
ĞŶƵŵĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ĞǆĞŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƌĞŵŝƐƐƁĞƐ Ă
ƚĞǆƚŽϱĞŶŽƚĞǆƚŽϲ͍:ƵƐƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ͍
ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ Ğ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ŶŽƚĂƐ ĚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƌŽĚĂƉĠ͕ ďŽǆĞƐ ŽƵ ůŝŶŬƐ͖ ŽƵ ƚşƚƵůŽ͕
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚƵĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĐĂŵƉŽ͕ ŽƌĚĞŶĂĕĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƚĞŵƉŽƌĂůŽƵƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂƉŽƌƚĞŵĂŽƵƐƵďƚĞŵĂ͕
ŝŶƚĞƌĐĂůĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƚƌĞĐŚŽƐ ǀĞƌďĂŝƐ ĐŽŵ ĨŽƚŽƐ͕
ϭϴ͘ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽŽƚĞǆƚŽϲ͕ƋƵĞƉƌŽǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂĚĞǀĞ
ŝůƵƐƚƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ĄƵĚŝŽƐ͕ ǀşĚĞŽƐ ĞƚĐ͘ ;&Ϭϵ>WϭϬͿ
ƐĞƌ ƚŽŵĂĚĂ Ğŵ ĐĂƐŽƐ ĚĞ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ
ŽŵƉĂƌĂƌĂƐƌĞŐƌĂƐĚĞĐŽůŽĐĂĕĆŽƉƌŽŶŽŵŝŶĂů
ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂŽƵĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͍
ŶĂŶŽƌŵĂͲƉĂĚƌĆŽĐŽŵŽƐĞƵƵƐŽŶŽƉŽƌƚƵŐƵġƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͘ ;&Ϭϵ>WϭϭͿ /ŶĨĞƌŝƌĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐĚŽƵƐŽĚĞƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐĚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽĞƐĆŽƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂů;ĐŽŶũƵŶĕƁĞƐĞĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂĚŽƌĞƐ
ƚĞǆƚƵĂŝƐͿ͘
EdZs/^d– DK>/KZ>^Z/d
KďũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ͘

ŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂů͘ ŽĞƐĆŽƚĞǆƚƵĂů͘
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ;&ϲϵ>WϯϮͲͿ ^ĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂƌ

ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ĚĂĚŽƐ ƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ
ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ;ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĂƐ͕ ĚŝŐŝƚĂŝƐ͕ ŽƌĂŝƐ ĞƚĐ͘Ϳ͕
ĐůĂƌŽƋƵĞǀŽĐġũĄĚĞǀĞƚĞƌůŝĚŽŽƵĂƐƐŝƐƚŝĚŽĂ
ĂǀĂůŝĂŶĚŽ Ă ƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ Ă ƵƚŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞƐƐĂƐ
ĂůŐƵŵĂ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ͕ ŶĆŽ Ġ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͍ ůĂ Ġ Ƶŵ
ĨŽŶƚĞƐ͘ ;&ϲϵ>WϰϮͲͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌ Ă ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ
ƚŝƉŽĚĞƚĞǆƚŽƋƵĞƚĞŵĂĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƌ

120
ĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐƐŽďƌĞĂůŐƵŵĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŽĐŝĂů WZ/E/W/^ ZdZ1^d/^

ŽƵĨĂǌĞƌĐŽŵƋƵĞŽƉƷďůŝĐŽĐŽŶŚĞĕĂƐŽďƌĞĂƐ EdZs/^d
ŝĚĞŝĂƐ Ğ ŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐ ĚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ƋƵĞ Ġ
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚĂ͘ ● DĂƌĐĂĚĂƉĞůĂŽƌĂůŝĚĂĚĞĞƉĞůŽĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽ
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĠƵŵĚŝĄůŽŐŽĞŶƚƌĞƵŵĂŽƵ ĚŝƌĞƚŽ ;ƚƌĂŶƐĐƌŝĕĆŽ ĨŝĚĞĚŝŐŶĂ ĚĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ĚŽ
ŵĂŝƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌ ĨĂǌ EdZs/^dKZ Ğ ĚŽ EdZs/^dKͿ͕ ůŽŐŽ͕
ĂƐƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐĞŽĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞ͘ ƉŽĚĞ ŚĂǀĞƌ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ŵĂƌĐĂƐ ĚĞ ŽƌĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ďĞŵ
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ĐŽŵŽ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĕƁĞƐ ;ŐĞƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ
ĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞŽƌĂůĞ ƌĞƋƵĞƌ ƵŵĂ ƉŽƐƚƵƌĂ ƉĂƌġŶƚĞƐĞƐͿ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞŵ ĂƐ ĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ
ĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂƚĂŶƚŽƉŽƌƉĂƌƚĞĚĞƋƵĞŵĂĞůĂďŽƌĂ ĂŵďŽƐ͖
ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ƉŽƌ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĞ ƋƵĞŵ Ă ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞ͘ ● YƵĂŶĚŽ ƉƵďůŝĐĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ ŵĞŝŽƐ
WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĚĞǀĞͲƐĞĚĂƌŵĂŝŽƌĂƚĞŶĕĆŽŶŽƋƵĞƐĞ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŽƐ͕ ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌ Ă ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ƌĞĨĞƌĞăůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͕ƉŽŝƐĠĂůŐŽƋƵĞƐĞƚŽƌŶĂƌĄ ŵƵŝƚŽƐƐŝŶĂŝƐĚĞƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽ͗ƚƌĂǀĞƐƐĆŽ͕ĂƐƉĂƐ͕
ĂĐĞƐƐşǀĞůĂŽƉƷďůŝĐŽĚĞƵŵĂĨŽƌŵĂŐĞƌĂů͘ ƌĞƚŝĐġŶĐŝĂƐ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌƌŽŐĂĕĆŽ͕ ƉĂƌġŶƚĞƐĞƐ͕ Ğŵ
K ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ŐşƌŝĂƐ͕ ĐŚĂǀƁĞƐ Ğ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĐĂƐŽƐ͕ ĂƚĠ ĚĞƚĂůŚĂŶĚŽ ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐ ĚŽ
ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵŝŶĨŽƌŵĂůŶĆŽĠĂĐŽŶƐĞůŚĄǀĞů͕ƉŽŝƐŽ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ͕ĐŽŵŽĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ͕ůĄŐƌŝŵĂƐĞƌŝƐŽƐ͖
ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ŵĂŝŽƌ Ġ ĨĂǌĞƌ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ Ž ● ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝǀĂ͕ ǀĞŝĐƵůĂĚĂ͕ ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ͕
ůĞŝƚŽƌͬĞǆƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌ ƐĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĂũĂ ĐŽŵ Ž ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ũŽƌŶĂŝƐ͕ ƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͕
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ ƐŽďƌĞ Ƶŵ ƚĞůĞǀŝƐĆŽ͕ƌĄĚŝŽ͕ĚĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͖
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ͘ KďũĞƚŝǀĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ● KEdZs/^dKZĠŽƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞůƉŽƌ
ĚŝĨƵŶĚŝƌ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ͕ ƉŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ĂƵǆŝůŝĂ ĨĂǌĞƌ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐ͕ Ğ Ž EdZs/^dK ;ŽƵ
ŶĂ ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ Ğ ƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƐͿĂƐƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞ͖
ĐƌşƚŝĐŽĚĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞƉƌŽƉƁĞƵŵ ● >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͗ ĂƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ
ĚĞďĂƚĞƐŽďƌĞĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽƚĞŵĂ͘ ŚĂǀĞƌ ĨŽƌŵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĚĞǀŝĚŽ Ă ƐĞƌ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ
ĞůĂďŽƌĂĕĆŽ ƉƌĠǀŝĂ Ă ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ ĚŽ ŽƌĂů͕ŚĄƵŵĂŵĞƐĐůĂĞŶƚƌĞĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵƉĂĚƌĆŽ
ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞƌĄ ĚŝƐĐƵƚŝĚŽ Ġ ĚĞ ƐƵŵĂ ĞĂŶĆŽƉĂĚƌĆŽĚĂůşŶŐƵĂƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐĂ͘
ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ͘KĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌĚĞǀĞƌĄƉƌĞƉĂƌĂƌͲ
ƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ŵĂŶƚĞƌͲƐĞ ƚŽƚĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ^dZhdhZ EdZs/^d – WZ/E/W/^
ŝŵƉĂƌĐŝĂů͘ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞǀĞƌĄ ƉƌĞǀĂůĞĐĞƌ >DEdK^
ƐĞŵƉƌĞ͕ ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ ƉŽƌƋƵĞŶĞƐƐĞŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ Ġ • DĂŶĐŚĞƚĞŽƵƚşƚƵůŽͲƐƐĂĠƵŵĂƉĂƌƚĞ
ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƉƌŽŵŽǀĂ ƵŵĂ ƚŽƚĂů ƋƵĞĚĞǀĞƌĄĚĞƐƉĞƌƚĂƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞŶŽŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ
ĐƌĞĚŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽ͕ƉŽĚĞŶĚŽ ƐĞƌƵŵĂĨƌĂƐĞ ĐƌŝĂƚŝǀĂ ŽƵ
ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞ͘

121
• ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ Ͳ Ž ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ǆŝƐƚĞŵ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐ͕

ƐĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵŽƐƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞŵĂŝŽƌƌĞůĞǀąŶĐŝĂ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽĚĂŝŶƚĞŶĕĆŽƉƌĞƚĞŶĚŝĚĂ
ĚĂ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĞ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂ Ž d/WKÊdZs/^d^

ƉĞƌĨŝů ĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ͕ ƐƵĂ ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂ
ũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐĂ
ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂů Ğ ƐĞƵ ĚŽŵşŶŝŽ Ğŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĂŽ
ĚĞĞŵƉƌĞŐŽ
ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽĂďŽƌĚĂĚŽ͘
ƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐĂ
• WĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐĞƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƐͲĂƐŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕Ġ
ƐŽĐŝĂů
Ă ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĚŝƚĂ͕ ŶĂ ƋƵĂů ƐĆŽ
ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ
ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĂƐĂƐĨĂůĂƐĚĞĐĂĚĂƵŵĚŽƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͘
ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ŚĄ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ yDW>KÊdZs/^d
ƐĞŐƵĞŵ ĞƐƚĞ ƉĂĚƌĆŽ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ ƵŵĂƐ
^ĞŐƵĞ Ƶŵ ƚƌĞĐŚŽ ĚĂ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ ;ĞƐĐƌŝƚĂ ĞĞŵ
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵƵŵƌŽƚĞŝƌŽŵĂŝƐĐŽŶĐŝƐŽƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ
ǀşĚĞŽͿ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ž ũŽƌŶĂůŝƐƚĂ :ƷůŝŽ >ĞƌŶĞƌ Ğ Ă
ĚĞƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐĞƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƐ͕ŽƵƚƌĂƐ͕ĂŽŝŶǀĠƐĚĞ
ĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƌĂďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂůĂƌŝĐĞ>ŝƐƉĞĐƚŽƌ͕ǀĞŝĐƵůĂĚĂ
ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂƌ ĂƐ ĨĂůĂƐ Ğŵ ƐĞƵ ŵŽĚŽ ůŝƚĞƌĂů͕ ŽƉƚĂŵ
no programa “Panorama”, da TV Cultura, dia 1
ƉŽƌ ƚƌĂŶƐĐƌĞǀġͲůĂƐ ƵƐĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽ
ĚĞ ĨĞǀĞƌĞŝƌŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϳϳ͕ ĂŶŽ ĚĂ ŵŽƌƚĞ ĚĂ
ŝŶĚŝƌĞƚŽ͕ ŽƵ͕ ĂƚĠ ŵĞƐŵŽ͕ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ƚƌĂǌĞŵ Ƶŵ
ĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƌĂ͘
ƚĞǆƚŽ ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵƚſƌŝŽ Ğ ŵĂŝƐ ĚĞƚĂůŚĂĚŽ͕ ĐŽŵ
ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐƐŽďƌĞŽůŽĐĂů͕ĂĚĂƚĂĞĚƵƌĂĕĆŽĚĂ
ǆĞŵƉůŽϭ͗dƌĞĐŚŽĚĂŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐĐƌŝƚĂ
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ͘
ůĂƌŝĐĞ >ŝƐƉĞĐƚŽƌ͕ ĚĞ ŽŶĚĞ ǀĞŝŽ ĞƐƐĞ
>ŝƐƉĞĐƚŽƌ͍
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĞĚƵĐĂŵĂŝƐďƌĂƐŝů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞŶĞŵͬůŝŶŐƵĂͲ
ƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐĂͬĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϬϴĚĞŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ
ƵŵŶŽŵĞůĂƚŝŶŽ͕ŶĆŽĠ͍ƵƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĞŝĂŵĞƵ
ƉĂŝĚĞƐĚĞƋƵĂŶĚŽŚĂǀŝĂ>ŝƐƉĞĐƚŽƌŶĂhĐƌąŶŝĂ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƌĞĚĂĐĂŽͬƵŵͲŐĞŶĞƌŽͲ ůĞ ĚŝƐƐĞ ƋƵĞ ŚĄ ŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ
ƚĞǆƚƵĂůͲĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽͲũŽƌŶĂůŝƐƚŝĐŽ͘ŚƚŵĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϴĚĞ
ŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ͘ ĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͘ Ƶ ƐƵƉŽŶŚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ŶŽŵĞ ĨŽŝ
ƌŽůĂŶĚŽ͕ƌŽůĂŶĚŽ͕ƌŽůĂŶĚŽ͕ƉĞƌĚĞŶĚŽĂůŐƵŵĂƐ
ƐşůĂďĂƐĞĨŽŝĨŽƌŵĂŶĚŽŽƵƚƌĂĐŽŝƐĂƋƵĞƉĂƌĞĐĞ
“Lis” e “peito”, em latim. É um nome que
ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĞƐĐƌĞǀŝ ŵĞƵ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ůŝǀƌŽ͕ ^ĠƌŐŝŽ
DŝůůŝĞƚ;ĞƵĞƌĂĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ͕
é claro) diz assim: “Essa escritora de nome

122
desagradável, certamente um pseudônimo…”. EĂƐ ƌĂƌĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ǀŽĐġ ƚĞŵ

EĆŽĞƌĂ͕ĞƌĂŵĞƵŶŽŵĞŵĞƐŵŽ͘ ĐŽŶĐĞĚŝĚŽ ƐƵƌŐĞ͕ ƋƵĂƐĞ ƋƵĞ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐĂƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ă ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂ ĚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ǀŽĐġ
sŽĐġ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ Ă ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ Ž ^ĠƌŐŝŽ DŝůůŝĞƚ
ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵĂĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌĞƋƵĂŶĚŽ͍
ƉĞƐƐŽĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͍
ŶƚĞƐĚĞƐĞƚĞĂŶŽƐĞƵũĄĨĂďƵůĂǀĂ͕ũĄŝŶǀĞŶƚĂǀĂ
EƵŶĐĂ͘WŽƌƋƵĞĞƵƉƵďůŝƋƵĞŝŽŵĞƵůŝǀƌŽĞĨƵŝ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ͕ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ŝŶǀĞŶƚĞŝ ƵŵĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ
ĞŵďŽƌĂĚŽƌĂƐŝů͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞĞƵŵĞĐĂƐĞŝĐŽŵƵŵ
ƋƵĞŶĆŽĂĐĂďĂǀĂŶƵŶĐĂ͘YƵĂŶĚŽĐŽŵĞĐĞŝĂůĞƌ
ĚŝƉůŽŵĂƚĂ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ͕ ĚĞ ŵŽĚŽ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ
ĐŽŵĞĐĞŝ Ă ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌ ƚĂŵďĠŵ͘ WĞƋƵĞŶĂƐ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝ ĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌĂŵ ƐŽďƌĞ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ͘΀͘͘͘΁
ŵŝŵ͘
ůĂƌŝĐĞ͕ ƐĞƵ ƉĂŝ ĨĂǌŝĂ Ž ƋƵĞ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŐĞŶĞƌŽͲƚĞǆƚƵĂůͲ
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϴĚĞŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͍
ZĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĨŝƌŵĂƐ͕ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ ĂƐƐŝŵ͘

ŐŽƌĂ͕ǀĂŵŽƐǀĞƌŽƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐƋƵĞĐŽŵƉƁĞŵ
YƵĂŶĚŽĞůĞ͕ŶĂǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ĚĂǀĂĞƌĂƉĂƌĂĐŽŝƐĂƐ
ƵŵďŽŵƚĞǆƚŽ
ĚŽĞƐƉşƌŝƚŽ͘
ĐŽĞƐĆŽĞĂĐŽĞƌġŶĐŝĂĚĆŽƐĞŶƚŝĚŽĂŽƚĞǆƚŽ
,ĄĂůŐƵĠŵŶĂĨĂŵşůŝĂ>ŝƐƉĞĐƚŽƌƋƵĞĐŚĞŐŽƵĂ
ŽŵŽ ǀŽĐġ ƐĂďĞ͕ ƚŽĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂ ĐŽŶƚĞƌ
ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌĂůŐƵŵĂĐŽŝƐĂ͍
ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ŚĂũĂ
Ƶ ƐŽƵďĞ ƵůƚŝŵĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ŵŝŶŚĂ ĞŶŽƌŵĞ ƵŵĂ ƉůĞŶĂ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽĞŵŝƐƐŽƌ ;Ă
ƐƵƌƉƌĞƐĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ŵŝŶŚĂ ŵĆĞ ĞƐĐƌĞǀŝĂ͘ EĆŽ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƋƵĞĞƐĐƌĞǀĞͿĞŽƌĞĐĞƉƚŽƌ;ůĞŝƚŽƌͿ͘
ƉƵďůŝĐĂǀĂ͕ ŵĂƐ ĞƐĐƌĞǀŝĂ͘ Ƶ ƚĞŶŚŽƵŵĂ ŝƌŵĆ͕

ŶƚƌĞĞƐƐĞƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĞǆŝƐƚĞŵĚŽŝƐƋƵĞ
ůŝƐĂ>ŝƐƉĞĐƚŽƌ͕ƋƵĞĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌŽŵĂŶĐĞƐ͘ƚĞŶŚŽ
ƐĆŽĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ͗
ŽƵƚƌĂ ŝƌŵĆ͕ ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ dąŶŝĂ <ĂƵĨŵĂŶ͕ ƋƵĞ
hŵ Ġ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞů ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ŽĐŽƌƌĂŵ
ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞůŝǀƌŽƐƚĠĐŶŝĐŽƐ͘
ƌĞƉĞƚŝĕƁĞƐ ĚĞƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĐĞƌƚĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ŽƵ
sŽĐġ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ Ă ůĞƌ ĂƐ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƐƵĂ ŵĆĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐ͕ ĞǀŝƚĂŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ƐĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ
ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƵ͍ ƐĞŵƐĞŶƚŝĚŽĞĐŽŶƚĞƷĚŽ͘
EĆŽ͕ ĞƵ ƐŽƵďĞ ŚĄ ƉŽƵĐŽƐ ŵĞƐĞƐ͘ ^ŽƵďĞ

através de uma tia: “Sabe que sua mãe fazia
um diário e escrevia poesias?” Eu fiquei
boba…

123
KďƐĞƌǀĂƌĞŵŽƐŽƉĂƌĄŐƌĂĨŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ :ƷŶŝŽƌ͕ ŵĞƵ ǀŝǌŝŶŚŽ͕ ĨŝĐĂ ŵƵŝƚŽ Ğŵ ƌĞĚĞƐ
“hŵĂ ĚĂƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐƁĞƐ ĚĞ WĂƵůŽ ĞƌĂ ũŽŐĂƌ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘ůĞĨŝĐĂŵƵŝƚŽŝƌƌŝƚĂĚŽĚĞƉŽŝƐ͘

ďŽůĂ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ĂŵŝŐŽƐ͘ dŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ƚĂƌĚĞƐ ĞůĞ ŽƐ EĞƐƐĞ ĐĂƐŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĚŝǌĞƌ ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĞƌŵŽ
ĐŚĂŵĂǀĂ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞ ƌĞƵŶŝƌĞŵ ŶƵŵ ĐĂŵƉŽ ƋƵĞ
ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ Ġ :ƷŶŝŽƌ͘ dŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ ƋƵĞ
ĞǆŝƐƚŝĂ Ğŵ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ ă ƐƵĂ ĐĂƐĂ͕ Ğ ůĄ͕ ĐĂĚĂ Ƶŵ
ƋƵĞƌŝĂ ŵŽƐƚƌĂƌ ĐĂĚĂ ǀĞǌ ŵĂŝƐ ƐƵĂ Ž ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞĠƌĞƚŽŵĂĚŽŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ
competência como artilheiros mirins”. (...) ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƌŝĞŶƚĂƌ ŽƐ ůĞŝƚŽƌĞƐ͕
WŽĚĞŵŽƐ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂŶĚŽ ƐĞ ĚĞǀĞŵ ǀŽůƚĂƌ ĂƚƌĄƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĞƐƚĆŽ Ğŵ ĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ ƚŝǀĞƌĂŵ Ă ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƌĞĐƵƉĞƌĂƌ ĂůŐŽ ƋƵĞ ĨŽŝ ĚŝƚŽ ŽƵ ƐĞ ĚĞǀĞŵ
ƐƵďƐƚŝƚƵŝƌĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͗WĂƵůŽ͕ĂŵŝŐŽƐ͕ĐĂŵƉŽ͘ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƌĂŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽŵĂŝƐĂĚŝĂŶƚĞŶŽƚĞǆƚŽ͘
ƐƐĞƐ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƐ ŽĞƐĆŽƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂůĠĂƋƵĞůĂƋƵĞĐƌŝĂŶŽƐƚĞǆƚŽƐ
ĚĞĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽĞƐŝǀŽƐ͕ ŽƵ ƐŝŵƉůĞƐŵĞŶƚĞ ĂƐ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƐƵĂƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐĆŽ͘ Ɛ
“coesão”,ƉŽŝƐ ĨŝǌĞƌĂŵ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ Ž ƉĂƌĄŐƌĂĨŽ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐĨůĞǆƁĞƐ ĚĞ ƚĞŵƉŽ Ğ ĚĞ ŵŽĚŽ ĚŽƐ
ŶĆŽ ĨŝĐĂƐƐĞ ƐŽďƌĞĐĂƌƌĞŐĂĚŽ ĚĞ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ ǀĞƌďŽƐ͕ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐĐŽŶũƵŶĕƁĞƐ͕ƐĆŽ͕ ĚĞ
ƌĞƉĞƚŝƚŝǀĂƐ͘ ŵŽĚŽ ŐĞƌĂů͕ ŽƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ƉĞůŽ
K ŽƵƚƌŽ ĐŚĂŵĂͲƐĞ“coerência”,ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ŵĂŶƵƚĞŶĕĆŽ ĚĂĐŽĞƐĆŽ
ƚŽĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂ ŝŶŝĐŝĂƌ ĨĂůĂŶĚŽ ƐŽďƌĞ Ƶŵ ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂůŶŽƐ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ͘ /ƐƐŽ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂ ƋƵĞ
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ Ğ ĨŝŶĂůŝǌĂƌ ƚĂŵďĠŵ͕ ŽƐŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĞ ĐŽĞƐĆŽ ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂůƐĆŽ
ƐĞŵƉƌĞƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŶĚŽŵĂŶƚĞƌĂŵĞƐŵĂŝĚĞŝĂ͘ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂŐĂƌĂŶƚŝƌĂĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞĂƐ
ƉĂƌƚĞƐ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽĞ ƉĂƌĂ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĞƐĐŽůĂŬŝĚƐ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐͬĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐͲ
ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ͘ K ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞ ĚŽƐ
ƋƵĞͲĐŽŵƉŽĞŵͲƵŵͲďŽŵͲƚĞǆƚŽ͘ŚƚŵͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϴŽƵƚ͘ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĐŽĞƐŝǀŽƐ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝ ĐŽŵ
ϮϬϮϮ
ĂƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐĆŽ ƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂĞ ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞ ďŽĂ
YhEdKK^K͕y/^dZ&ZE/> ĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ͕ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ
^YhE/>͕sDKÊdEͲ>^͍ ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐŶŽŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĚŽƚĞǆƚŽŶŽƋƵĂůĞƐƚĄĂ
ďĂƐĞĚĂĐŽĞƌġŶĐŝĂƚĞǆƚƵĂů͘
ĐŽĞƐĆŽƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂůĠĂƋƵĞůĂƋƵĞĐƌŝĂƵŵ
ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĚĞƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ Ğ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐĚĞ Ƶŵ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝŶĚŽ ĂŽ
ůĞŝƚŽƌŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌŽƐƚĞƌŵŽƐĂƋƵĞƐĞƌĞĨĞƌĞŵ͘
WŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͗
K ƚĞƌŵŽ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ Ġ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂ Ă
ĞŶƚŝĚĂĚĞŽƵƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽĂƋƵĞŽĨĂůĂŶƚĞƐĞƌĞĨĞƌĞ͘

124
ĚŝĕĆŽͬŝŶĐůƵƐĆŽ Ͳ ůĠŵ ĚŝƐƐŽ͖ ƚĂŵďĠŵ͖ ǀĂůĞ

ůĞŵďƌĂƌ͖ ƉŽŝƐ͖ ŽƵƚƌŽƐƐŝŵ͖ ĂŐŽƌĂ͖ ĚĞ ŵŽĚŽ
ŐĞƌĂů͖ƉŽƌŝŐƵĂŝƐƌĂǌƁĞƐ͖ŝŶĐůƵƐŝǀĞ͖ĂƚĠ͖ĠĐĞƌƚŽ
ƋƵĞ͖ĠŝŶĞŐĄǀĞů͖ĞŵŽƵƚƌĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͖ĂůĠŵĚĞƐƐĞ
>ĞŝĂ Ă ƚŝƌŝŶŚĂ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ă ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ
ĨĂƚŽƌ͘͘͘
ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂ͘
KƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ Ͳ ŵďŽƌĂ͖ŶĆŽŽďƐƚĂŶƚĞ͖ĞŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͖
ŵĂƐ͖ ŶŽ ĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͖ ƉŽƌĠŵ͖ ĂŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽ͖
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͖ƉŽƌŽƵƚƌŽůĂĚŽ͘͘͘
ĨŝƌŵĂĕĆŽͬŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞ Ͳ &ĞůŝǌŵĞŶƚĞ͖
ŝŶĨĞůŝǌŵĞŶƚĞ͖ ŽďǀŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ͖ ŶĂ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͖
ƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͖ ĚĞ ŝŐƵĂů ĨŽƌŵĂ͖ ĚŽ ŵĞƐŵŽ ŵŽĚŽ
ƋƵĞ͖ŶĞƐƐĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͖ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͘͘͘
ǆĐůƵƐĆŽ Ͳ ^ŽŵĞŶƚĞ͖Ɛſ͖ƐĞƋƵĞƌ͖ƐĞŶĆŽ͖ĞǆĐĞƚŽ͖
ĞǆĐůƵŝŶĚŽ͖ƚĆŽƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ͖ĂƉĞŶĂƐ͘͘͘
ŶƵŵĞƌĂĕĆŽ Ͳ ŵƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽůƵŐĂƌ͖ĂƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽ͘͘͘
ǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ Ͳ ŽŵŽ ƐĞ ŶŽƚĂ͖ ĐŽŵ ĞĨĞŝƚŽ͖ ĐŽŵŽ

ǀŝŵŽƐ͖ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͖ƉŽŝƐ͖ĠſďǀŝŽƋƵĞ͖ŝƐƚŽĠ͖ƉŽƌ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͖ĂƐĂďĞƌ͖ĚĞĨĂƚŽ͖ĂůŝĄƐ͘͘͘
ŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ Ͳ ŵ ƐƵŵĂ͖ ƉŽƌ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ͖ Ğŵ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬϰ͘ďƉ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵͬͺĐEDϬ/ϳ>hŽŬŐͬ^ͺDZŽh&
ƷůƚŝŵĂĂŶĄůŝƐĞ͖ƉŽƌĨŝŵ͖ĐŽŶĐůƵŝŶĚŽ͖ĨŝŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͖ Z/ͬƉDͬŽ>ƐůĞŚDͬƐϭϲϬϬͬŵƉƌĞŐŽͺ'
ƉŽƌ ƚƵĚŽ ŝƐƐŽ͖ Ğŵ ƐşŶƚĞƐĞ͕ ƉŽƐƚŽ ŝƐƐŽ͖ ĂƐƐŝŵ͖ ĞƌĞŶƚĞ͘ũƉŐ ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϴĚĞŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƉŽŝƐ͘͘͘ ϭ͘ KƋƵĞƚŽƌŶĂĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽŚƵŵŽƌşƐƚŝĐŽĠ
ŽŶƚŝŶƵĂĕĆŽ Ͳ ŵ ƐĞŐƵŝĚĂ͖ ĚĞƉŽŝƐ͖ ŶŽ ŐĞƌĂů͖ ;Ϳ Ă ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ ĂŽ
ĞŵƚĞƌŵŽƐŐĞƌĂŝƐ͖ƉŽƌƐƵĂǀĞǌ͖ŽƵƚƌŽƐƐŝŵ͘͘͘
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌ͕ŶŽƷůƚŝŵŽƋƵĂĚƌŝŶŚŽ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ;Ϳ Ă ŝŶĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ ĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌ Ğŵ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƌĞĚĂĐĂŽͬĐŽĞƐĂŽͲ
ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂůͲĐŽĞƐĂŽͲƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂů͘Śƚŵů ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ Ϯϴ ĚĞ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽăƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĚŽĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ͘
ŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ͘
;ͿĂƉŽƐƚƵƌĂĚŽĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽĂŶƚĞăĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ
ĚĞĞŵƉƌĞŐŽ͘
;Ϳ ĂƐ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐ ĚŝĨşĐĞŝƐ ĨĞŝƚĂƐ ƉĞůŽ
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌ͘

125
>ĞŝĂ Ă ĐŚĂƌŐĞ Ğ͕ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ă
ƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂ͗ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŚƵŵŽƌĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚŝǀŽ͘ĨŝůĞƐ͘ǁŽƌĚƉƌĞƐƐ͘ĐŽŵͬϮϬϭϬ
ͬϬϭͬĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂͺĞŵƉƌĞŐŽͺŝŬĞĂ͘ũƉŐ ͬĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ Ϯϴ ĚĞ
ŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
Ϯ͘ ůĠŵ ĚĞ ďĞŵͲŚƵŵŽƌĂĚĂ͕ Ă ĐŚĂƌŐĞ ƚƌĂǌ

ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐ ĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ ĚĞ ĞŵƉƌĞŐŽ͘ ƐƐŝŵ͕ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂ
ĂŶĄůŝƐĞĚĂĐŚĂƌŐĞ͕ĞŵƐƵĂŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͕ŽƋƵĞƐĞƌŝĂ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƉĂƌĂƵŵĂƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĞƌďĞŵͲƐƵĐĞĚŝĚĂ
ĞŵƵŵĂĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚĞĞŵƉƌĞŐŽ͍ZĞĂůŝǌĞƵŵĂ
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͕ Ğŵ ŵĞŝŽƐ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŽƐ ŽƵ ĚŝŐŝƚĂŝƐ͕
ƉĂƌĂƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƌĂĞƐƐĂƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂ͘

126
>ĞŝĂ Ă ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ Ğ͕ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ăƐ ŶſƐŐŽƐƚĂŵŽƐĚĞŶŽƐƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌĐŽŵƋƵĞŵ

ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ͘ ƚĞŵĂǀĞƌĐŽŶŽƐĐŽ͕ĂŝŶĚĂƋƵĞƐĞƚƌĂƚĞĚĞƵŵĂ
ƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂƉĞŶĂƐǀŝƌƚƵĂů͘
KƉƌŽďůĞŵĂ
ŽŵŽƐĂďĞƌƋƵĞƐĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĞƵŵǀşĐŝŽ͍
sŽĐġ ƐĞŶƚĞ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĄ ƉĂƐƐĂŶĚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ
ĚĞŵĂŝƐŶĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͍EĆŽĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞĨŝĐĂƌůŽŶŐĞ dŽĚŽǀşĐŝŽƉĂƌƚĞĚĞƵŵĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞƋƵĞ
ĚŽĐĞůƵůĂƌƉŽƌƋƵĞũĄďĂƚĞĂǀŽŶƚĂĚĞĚĞĐŚĞĐĂƌ ǀŽĐġ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĂƌ – ĞƐƐĞ Ġ Ž
ƐƵĂƐ ŶŽƚŝĨŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͍ ŵďŽƌĂ ƉŽƐƐĂ ƐĞ ƚƌĂƚĂƌ ĚĞ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ƐŝŶĂů͘ KƵƚƌŽ ƐŝŶƚŽŵĂ Ġ Ă ĂůƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ
ŵĞƌŽŚĄďŝƚŽ͕ŽƵƐŽĞǆĐĞƐƐŝǀŽĚĞƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ ďƌƵƐĐĂ ĚĞ ŚƵŵŽƌ ĂŽ ŶĆŽ ƉŽĚĞƌ ĂĐĞƐƐĂƌ ĂƐ
ƉŽĚĞŝŶĚŝĐĂƌƵŵǀşĐŝŽ–ĞĐĂƵƐĂƌƉƌĞũƵşǌŽƐăƐƵĂ redes. “Geralmente, essas pessoas acabam
ǀŝĚĂŽĨĨůŝŶĞ͘ ƚĞŶĚŽƵŵĂǀŝĚĂŵƵŝƚŽŵĂŝƐƉĂƵƚĂĚĂŶĂǀŝĚĂĚĂ
DĂƐĐŽŵŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂƌŽǀşĐŝŽĚŽŚĄďŝƚŽ͍ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚĚŽƋƵĞŶĂǀŝĚĂƌĞĂů͘WŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ƚĞŶĚĞŵ
ĐŽŵŽǀĞŶĐĞƌĂĚĞƉĞŶĚġŶĐŝĂĚĂƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͍ ĂĞǆƉŽƌĐĂĚĂŵŽŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƐĞƵĚŝĂŶĂƐƌĞĚĞƐ
ŽŶƐƵůƚĂŵŽƐ &ĂďşŽůĂ >ƵĐŝĂŶŽ͕ ƉƐŝĐſůŽŐĂ Ğ sociais”, completa. [...]
ŵĞŵďƌŽĚĂ^ŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂĚĞŽĂĐŚŝŶŐ͕
K ǀşĐŝŽ ƉŽĚĞ ĐĂƵƐĂƌ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ
ƉĂƌĂĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌĞƐƐĂƐĞŽƵƚƌĂƐƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐ͘
ƐĠƌŝĂƐ͍
ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĠƐŝŵ͘KǀşĐŝŽĞŵƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ
EĆŽĨŝĐĂůŽŶŐĞĚŽĐĞůƵůĂƌŽƵĚŽŶŽƚĞďŽŽŬƉŽƌ
ƉŽĚĞ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ ƐĞƵ ŝƐŽůĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƐŽĐŝĂů͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ă
ŵƵŝƚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͍ WŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ƐŝŶĂů ĚĞ ǀşĐŝŽ ŶĂƐ
ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚƐĞƚŽƌŶĂŽƷŶŝĐŽŵĞŝŽĚĞƐĞƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ
ƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘
ĞǀŽĐġĂĐĂďĂƉĞƌĚĞŶĚŽŽĐŽŶƚĂƚŽĐŽŵƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ
“Uma das causas que podemos apontar é a ƌĞĂŝƐ͘ dĂŵďĠŵ ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂ Ă ĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌĂĕĆŽ Ğ
ĚŝĨŝĐƵůĚĂĚĞƋƵĞĂůŐƵŵĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐƚġŵĚĞĨĂǌĞƌ ƉŽĚĞƉƌŽǀŽĐĂƌĂůƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐŶŽƐŽŶŽ͕ĂŶƐŝĞĚĂĚĞ
ĂŵŝŐŽƐ ƌĞĂŝƐ͘ ,ŽũĞ͕ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ŶŽƐ ĞĂƚĠŵĞƐŵŽĚĞƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͘
ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĐĞŶƚƌŽƐƵƌďĂŶŽƐ͕ŽƐƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ “Muitas pessoas substituem a vida real
ĂĐĂďĂŵ ĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ ŵĂŝƐ ĚŝĨşĐĞŝƐ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ƉĞůĂǀŝĚĂǀŝƌƚƵĂůĞĂĐĂďĂŵĨŝĐĂŶĚŽƉƌĞƐĂƐĂƵŵ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŵŽƐ ďĂƌƌĞŝƌĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌ ŵƵŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ĞǆŝƐƚĞ͘ /ƐƐŽ ůĞǀĂ Ă
ƵŵĂ ĐŽŶĞǆĆŽ ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚĂ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ – Ğ ĚŝƐƚĂŶĐŝĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĞŵŽĐŝŽŶĂů ĚĞ Ɛŝ ŵĞƐŵŽ͕
ĞƐƐĂ ĐŽŶĞǆĆŽ ĂĐĂďĂ ĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ ŚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƉŽƌƋƵĞǀŽĐġĂĐĂďĂĂůŝŵĞŶƚĂŶĚŽƵŵĂŵĞŶƚŝƌĂ
ƋƵĞŵƵŝƚŽƐĚĞŶſƐŶĆŽƚĞŵŽƐ͘ƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ Ğ ǀŝǀĞŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ Ġ ƌĞĂů͘ /ƐƐŽ
ĐŽůĂďŽƌĂŵƉĂƌĂĞƐƐĂĚĞƉĞŶĚġŶĐŝĂĂŽƉĞƌŵŝƚŝƌ ƚƵĚŽƉŽƚĞŶĐializa o vício”, explica a psicóloga.
ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ĐŽŵ ŐŽƐƚŽƐ Ğŵ
ĐŽŵƵŵ΀ƐĞŵ͕ŶŽĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĂƐĞǆŝŐġŶĐŝĂƐĚĞƵŵ
ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶto da vida real]”, explica Fabíola.

127
ŽŵŽĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐƉƌſǆŝŵĂƐƉŽĚĞŵĂũƵĚĂƌ͍ ϵ͘ KƋƵĞĂĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚĂƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƐŽďƌĞĐŽŵŽ
EĞƐƐĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĨĂǌĞƌĂůŐƵĠŵĞŶǆĞƌŐĂƌ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌƐĞŽŚĄďŝƚŽƐĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĞƵŵǀşĐŝŽ͍
ƋƵĞĞƐƚĄǀŝĐŝĂĚŽ͕ĠĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂůĂƉŽŶƚĂƌŽƋƵĞƐĞ
ϭϬ͘ YƵĞ ŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐ Ă ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚĂ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂ
ĞƐƚĄƉĞƌĚĞŶĚŽĂŽĨŝĐĂƌŚŽƌĂƐŶĂƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ
ƐŽďƌĞ ĐŽŵŽ ĂũƵĚĂƌ ĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĆŽ
e afastado da vida real: “Como todo vício, a
ǀŝĐŝĂĚĂƐ͍
ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ŶƵŶĐĂ ĞŶǆĞƌŐĂ ƋƵĞ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂ ĚĞ ĂũƵĚĂ͘
WŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ĞŵǀĞǌĚĞĨĂǌĞƌƵŵĂĐƌşƚŝĐĂ͕ŽŝĚĞĂůĠ ϭϭ͘ Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ Ğ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ
ƚĞŶƚĂƌ ĂƉŽŶƚĂƌ ŽƐ ƉƌĞũƵşǌŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĞůĂ ŶĆŽ ĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĚĂƉƐŝĐſůŽŐĂ͕
ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƵĂŶƚĞƐ͘
;ͿŽ ǀşĐŝŽ ƉŽĚĞ ĐĂƵƐĂƌ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ
EŽĐĂƐŽĚŽƐŵĂŝƐũŽǀĞŶƐ͕ŽƐƉĂŝƐĚĞǀĞŵƚĞƌ
ƐĠƌŝĂƐ Ğ ĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ĞƐƐĞ
ĂƵƚŽŶŽŵŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ ůŝŵŝƚĂƌ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ ĚĞ ƵƐŽ ĚĂƐ
ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƉĞƌĚĞƌ Ž ĐŽŶƚĂƚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă
ƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐĞĚŽĐĞůƵůĂƌĞƚƌĂǌġͲůŽƐƉĂƌĂƵŵ
ǀŝĚĂƌĞĂů͘
ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽƌĞĂů͕ƋƵĞĠŽŶĚĞĂŐĞŶƚĞǀŝǀĞ͕ĞŽŶĚĞ
;ͿŽ ǀşĐŝŽŶĆŽ ĐĂƵƐĂ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂ ĂůŐƵŵ͘EĆŽ ŚĄ
as coisas acontecem de verdade”, conclui.
ŶĂĚĂĚĞĞƌƌĂĚŽĞŵĂĨĂƐƚĂƌͲƐĞĚĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ǀŝǀĞƌƵŵĂǀŝĚĂŝƌƌĞĂů͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĨŽƌƚŝƐƐŝŵĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬϮϬϭϵͬϬϱͬϬϯͬǀŝĐŝŽͲĞŵͲƌĞĚĞƐͲ ;ͿĐŽŵŽ ƚŽĚŽ ǀŝĐŝĂĚŽ͕ Ă ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ
ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐͲƐĂŝďĂͲĐŽŵŽͲůŝĚĂƌͲĐŽŵͲŽͲƉƌŽďůĞŵĂͲ
ϭϰϴϯϰϰϭϵͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϬϴĚĞŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘ ĞŶǆĞƌŐĂ ƋƵĞ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂ ĚĞ ĂũƵĚĂ͕ ŶĆŽ ŚĄ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŝŶƚĞƌǀĞŶĕĆŽĚĂĨĂŵşůŝĂ͘
ϰ͘ YƵĂůĠŽƚĞŵĂĚŝƐĐƵƚŝĚŽŶĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͍
;ͿŽƐƉĂŝƐŶĆŽĚĞǀĞŵŝŶƚĞƌǀŝƌĞůŝŵŝƚĂƌŽƚĞŵƉŽ
ϱ͘ sŽĐġ ĂĐŚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞ ĚŝƐĐƵƚŝƌ ĞƐƐĞ ĚĞ ƵƐŽ ĚĂƐ ƌĞĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ Ğ ĚŽ ĐĞůƵůĂƌ ĚŽƐ
ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽĞŵƐĂůĂĚĞĂƵůĂ͍WŽƌƋƵġ͍ ĨŝůŚŽƐ͘ůĂĂĨŝƌŵĂƋƵĞƋƵĂŶĚŽŽƐĨŝůŚŽƐĞƐƚĆŽ
ϲ͘ YƵĂůĠŽŽďũĞƚŝǀŽĚĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͍ ǀŝǀĞŶĚŽ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ ŝƌƌĞĂů Ġ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ

ĐŽŝƐĂƐĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞŵĚĞǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͘
ϳ͘ YƵĞŵĨŽŝĂĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚĂŶĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽĞĞŵ
ƋƵĞ ĞůĂ ĂƚƵĂ͍ ŵ ƐƵĂ ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͕ ƉŽƌ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌĞƐĐŽůŚĞƵĂůŐƵĠŵĚĂƐĂƷĚĞƉĂƌĂ
ĨĂůĂƌƐŽďƌĞŽĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ͍
ϴ͘ ŵƐƵĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂăƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂ͕ŽƋƵĞ
ĞůĂĚŝǌƐŽďƌĞŽƋƵĞůĞǀĂĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĂĂďƵƐĂƌĞŵ
ĚĂƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͍

128
ϭϮ͘ dŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ ƚƌĂǌĞŵ ;ͿĂĚŝĕĆŽĞĞǆĐůƵƐĆŽ͘

características do gênero textual “Entrevista”,
;ͿĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĞĂĚŝĕĆŽ͘
ĞǆĐĞƚŽ͗
;ͿĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĞĐŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ͘
;Ϳ dĞǆƚŽƐ ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ŽƌĂůŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ƉĞůŽ
ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽĚŝƌĞƚŽ͘ ;ͿŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĞĂĚŝĕĆŽ͘
;Ϳ WƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌ Ğ ĚŽ
ϭϱ͘ Em “No caso dos mais jovens, os pais
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ͘
ĚĞǀĞŵƚĞƌĂƵƚŽŶŽŵŝĂƉĂƌĂůŝŵŝƚĂƌŽƚĞŵƉŽĚĞ
;Ϳ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵŝŶƚĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĨŽƌŵĂů͕ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ
ƵƐŽĚĂƐ ƌĞĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ ĞĚŽ ĐĞůƵůĂƌ ĞƚƌĂǌġͲůŽƐ
ĚĞ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͕ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ Ğ
ƉĂƌĂ Ƶŵ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ ƌĞĂů͕ ƋƵĞ Ġ ŽŶĚĞ Ă ŐĞŶƚĞ
ƚĞŵƉŽ͘
vive, e onde as coisas acontecem de verdade”,
;Ϳ DĞƐĐůĂĚĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĨŽƌŵĂůĞŝŶĨŽƌŵĂů͘
conclui.”, o pronome destacado refereͲƐĞ
ĂŽ;ƐͿ͘
ϭϯ͘No trecho “E nós gostamos de nos
;ͿŵĂŝƐũŽǀĞŶƐ͘
ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌĐŽŵƋƵĞŵƚĞŵĂǀĞƌĐŽŶŽƐĐŽ͕ĂŝŶĚĂ
;ͿƉĂŝƐĚŽƐũŽǀĞŶƐ͘
que se trate de uma relação apenas virtual.”,
;ͿƚĞŵƉŽĚŽƐũŽǀĞŶƐ͘
ĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂƌĞŵĞƚĞĂƵŵĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞ
;ͿĐĞůƵůĂƌĚŽƐũŽǀĞŶƐ͘
;ͿĂĚŝĕĆŽ͘ WZKhKdydh>
;ͿĞǆĐůƵƐĆŽ͘
;ͿĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘ ŐŽƌĂ͕ĠĂƐƵĂǀĞǌ͊
;ͿŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͘ ZĞĂůŝǌĞ ƵŵĂ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ ĐŽŵ ĂůŐƵĠŵ ƋƵĞ

ǀŽĐġ ƋƵĞ ǀŽĐġ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂ ƐĞƌ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ ĚĂƐ
ϭϰ͘ “A resposta é sim. O vício em redes sociais ƌĞĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘ ůŐƵĠŵ ƋƵĞ ǀŽĐġ ũƵůŐĂ
ƉŽĚĞ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ ƐĞƵ ŝƐŽůĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƐŽĐŝĂů͕ƉŽŝƐ Ă ĐŽŵƉƌŽŵĞƚĞƌ ĚĞŵĂŝƐ Ž ƉƌſƉƌŝŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ Ğ Ă
ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚƐĞƚŽƌŶĂŽƷŶŝĐŽŵĞŝŽĚĞƐĞƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ ǀŝĚĂĐŽŵĞƐƐĞŚĄďŝƚŽ͘ůĂďŽƌĞƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐƋƵĞ
ĞǀŽĐġĂĐĂďĂƉĞƌĚĞŶĚŽŽĐŽŶƚĂƚŽĐŽŵƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ůĞǀĞ Ž ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ Ă ƌĞĨůĞƚŝƌ ƐŽďƌĞ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ
ƌĞĂŝƐ͘ dĂŵďĠŵ ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂ Ă ĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌĂĕĆŽ Ğ ƐĞŶƚĞ Ğ Ž ƋƵĞ Ž ĨĂǌ ƚĞƌ ĞƐƐĞ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ
ƉŽĚĞƉƌŽǀŽĐĂƌĂůƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐŶŽƐŽŶŽ͕ĂŶƐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ͘dĞŶƚĞĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌƚĂŵďĠŵƐĞ
e até mesmo depressão.”, as palavras ĞůĞ ;ĞůĂͿ ƚĞŵ ŶŽĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ŝƐƐŽ ůŚĞ Ġ
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂƐ ƌĞŵĞƚĞŵ ƌĞƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐŝĂů͘
ŝĚĞŝĂƐĚĞ

129
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉƚ͘ƐůŝĚĞƐŚĂƌĞ͘ŶĞƚͬϴϳϭϴϱϵϱϮͬŽͲ ● ^ĞƉƌĞĨĞƌŝƌ͕ĐĂƐŽŶĆŽĐŽŶŚĞĕĂŶŝŶŐƵĠŵĐŽŵ
ŐŶĞƌŽͲƚĞǆƚƵĂůͲĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ͗ Ϯϴ ŽƵƚ͘ ϮϬϮϮ͘
;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ Ž ƉĞƌĨŝů ĂĐŝŵĂ͕ ĨĂĕĂ ƵŵĂ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂƌƵŵĂĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĞĂŶĂůŝƐĄͲůĂ͘
WůĂŶĞũĞƐƵĂĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ͗
● ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ ĚĞǀĞƌĄ ƐĞƌ ĚĞ EdZs/^d ĐŽŵ
KďƐĞƌǀĞŽƌŽƚĞŝƌŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ ƵŵĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ƋƵĞ ĚŝƐĐƵƚĂ Ă ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ ĚŽƐ
ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ĐĂƵƐĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ ĞǆĐĞƐƐŝǀŽ
ƋƵĞƉĂƐƐĂŶĂƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘
● ŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ ĐŽŵ ĂůŐƵĠŵ ĚĂ ƐĂƷĚĞ͕ ƉŽƌ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͘
● ŶŽƚĞ ĂƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐ Ğ ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƐ͘
dĞŶƚĞ ĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌ ŵĂŝƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ƚĞŵĂ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂĚŽ͘
● EĆŽĞƐƋƵĞĕĂĚĞĂŶŽƚĂƌĂĨŽŶƚĞ;ŽƐŝƚĞͿƋƵĞ
ƵƚŝůŝǌŽƵƉĂƌĂƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͘
WƌĞƉĂƌĞͲƐĞƉĂƌĂĂƌĞĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚĂĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ͗
● ZĞǀŝƐĞŽƌŽƚĞŝƌŽĚĞƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐ͖
● ĐĞƌƚĞ ƵŵĂ ĚĂƚĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ KďũĞƚŽĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ZŽŵĂŶĐĞƐũƵǀĞŶŝƐ͘
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ Ğ ĐŽŶƚĂƚĞ Ž ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ŶĄůŝƐĞ ĚĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ
ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌŽĂŐĞŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽ͖ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽƐ͘ ƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƐŝŶƚĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂ ŽƌĂĕĆŽ Ğ
● ŚĞƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞƌĆŽ ĚŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ͗ ĐĞůƵůĂƌĞƐ͕ ĐąŵĞƌĂƐ ĚĞ ǀşĚĞŽ ŽƵ
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ĐĂƐŽƋƵĞŝƌĂƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌĂůŐƵŵ͖^ĞŶĆŽĨŽƌ ,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ;&ϴϵ>WϯϯͲͿ >Ğƌ͕ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ
ƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌĂůŐƵŵĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽ͕ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ĂƵƚƀŶŽŵĂ͕ Ğ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ – ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ
ĂŶŽƚĞŶŽƐĞƵĐĂĚĞƌŶŽ͘ ƉƌŽĐĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĂƐ ĚĞ ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ
● ŶƐĂŝĞĂƐƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐĂƚĠƐĞŶƚŝƌͲƐĞăǀŽŶƚĂĚĞ ;ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ͕ ĂŶƚĞĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ͕ ŝŶĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ Ğ
ƉĂƌĂĂƚĂƌĞĨĂ͘ ǀĞƌŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽͿĂĚĞƋƵĂĚŽƐĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ
Ğ ůĞǀĂŶĚŽ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽƐ
KƵƚƌĂŽƉĕĆŽĚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐĞƐƵƉŽƌƚĞƐ– ĐŽŶƚŽƐĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌąŶĞŽƐ͕
ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞƐ ũƵǀĞŶŝƐ͕ ŶŽǀĞůĂƐ͕ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕

130
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ ĚĞ ĨŝĐĕĆŽ ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂ͕ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ ĚĞ >ĞŵďƌĞͲƐĞĚĞƉĂƐƐĂƌĂůŝŵƉŽƐĞƵƚĞǆƚŽĞ

ƐƵƐƉĞŶƐĞ͕ƉŽĞŵĂƐĚĞĨŽƌŵĂůŝǀƌĞĞĨŝǆĂ;ĐŽŵŽ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌ ƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽ͕ ŽƌƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĂ͕ ĂĐĞŶƚƵĂĕĆŽ͕
ŚĂŝĐĂŝͿ͕ ƉŽĞŵĂƐ ĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŽƐ͕ ĐŝďĞƌƉŽĞŵĂƐ͕ ƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐĆŽĚĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐ͕ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂĚŽƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ͘
ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ ;&ϲϵ>WϰϳͲͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌ͕ Ğŵ
ƚĞǆƚŽƐ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽƐ ĨŝĐĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉůĂŶŽƐĚĞĂƵůĂ͘ŶŽǀĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ŽƌŐ͘ďƌͬĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůͬ
ϵĂŶŽͬůŝŶŐƵĂͲƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐĂͬĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂͲŽƌĂůͲƉĂƌĂͲĐŽůĞƚĂͲ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĐĂĚĂ ĚĞͲĚĂĚŽƐͬϰϬϬϯ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ Ϭϴ ĚĞ ŽƵƚ͘ ĚĞ
ϮϬϮϭ͘;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ͘
ŐġŶĞƌŽ͕ŽƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐĐŽĞƐŝǀŽƐƋƵĞĐŽŶƐƚƌŽĞŵĂ
ƉĂƐƐĂŐĞŵĚŽƚĞŵƉŽĞĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂŵƐƵĂƐƉĂƌƚĞƐ͕
ĂƐ ĞƐĐŽůŚĂƐ ůĞǆŝĐĂŝƐ ƚşƉŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ĐĂĚĂ ŐġŶĞƌŽ KYhhDZKDE͍
ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ĐĞŶĄƌŝŽƐ Ğ ĚŽƐ

ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ Ğ ŽƐ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĚĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ
ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐĚŽƐƚĞŵƉŽƐǀĞƌďĂŝƐ͕ĚŽƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞ
ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽ͕ ĚŽƐ ǀĞƌďŽƐ ĚĞ ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ Ğ ĚĂƐ
ǀĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐĂƐ;ŶŽĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽĚŝƌĞƚŽ͕ƐĞ
ŚŽƵǀĞƌͿ ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚŽƐ͕ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ Ž ĞŶƌĞĚŽ
Ğ Ž ĨŽĐŽ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ͘ ;&ϲϵ>WϰϳͲͿ WĞƌĐĞďĞƌ
ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ ŶŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ 'ġŶĞƌŽ ůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞ ĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ
ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ Ğ ŽƐ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĚĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĚŽƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ
ĚŽ ĨŽĐŽ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ ƚşƉŝĐŽ ĚĞ ĐĂĚĂ ŐġŶĞƌŽ͕ ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ͕ Ġ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ĚĞŝǆĂƌ ĐůĂƌŽ ƋƵĞ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƐĞƐƉĂĕŽƐĨşƐŝĐŽĞƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐŽ ŶĞŵ ƚŽĚŽ ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ ĨĂůĂ ĚĞ ƉĂŝǆƁĞƐ͘ K
Ğ ĚŽƐ ƚĞŵƉŽƐ ĐƌŽŶŽůſŐŝĐŽ Ğ ƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐŽ͕ ĚĂƐ ZŽŵĂŶĐĞ͕ ŶĂ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ǀŽǌĞƐ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ;ĚŽ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ĚĞ ƋƵĞĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞĂƵŵĂĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĞŵƉƌŽƐĂ͕
ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ Ğŵ ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽ ĚŝƌĞƚŽ͕ ŝŶĚŝƌĞƚŽ Ğ ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ƵŵĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂĐŽŵĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐƚƌĂŵĂƐ͘
ŝŶĚŝƌĞƚŽ ůŝǀƌĞͿ͕ ĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽ K EŽǀŽ ŝĐŝŽŶĄƌŝŽ ƵƌĠůŝŽ ĚĂ >şŶŐƵĂ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂ͕ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐĐŽŶŽƚĂƚŝǀĂƐ WŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐĂĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞŽƚĞƌŵŽĐŽŵŽƐĞŶĚŽƵŵĂ
Ğ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ ĨŝŐƵƌĂƚŝǀŽƐ Ğ ĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ “Descrição longa das ações e sentimentos de
ůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐŽͲŐƌĂŵĂƚŝĐĂŝƐƉƌſƉƌŝŽƐĂĐĂĚĂŐġŶĞƌŽ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ĨŝĐƚşĐŝŽƐ͕ ŶƵŵĂ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ͘ ;&Ϭϵ>WϬϰͿ ƐĐƌĞǀĞƌ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ vida para um plano artístico”.
ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĚĞ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ŶŽƌŵĂͲ hŵƌŽŵĂŶĐĞƉŽĚĞĐŽŶƚĂƌĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐƚŝƉŽƐ
ƉĂĚƌĆŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƐŝŶƚĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĐŽŵƉůĞǆĂƐ ĚĞ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ ƉŽĚĞŶĚŽ ƐĞƌ ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĚĞ
ŶŽŶşǀĞůĚĂŽƌĂĕĆŽĞĚŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘ “romance policial”, “romance de aventuras”,
“romance regional”, “romance histórico”,
“romance urbano”, “romance indianista” etc.

131
ZŽŵĂŶƚŝƐŵŽĠ Ž ŶŽŵĞ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĚĄ ĂŽ ĚĞƐƐĞƚŝƉŽĚĞƚĞǆƚŽĠĂƌĞůĂĕĆŽƚĞŵƉŽƌĂůƋƵĞ

ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽƋƵĞĐŽŵĞĕŽƵŶŽĨŝŶĂůĚŽ ƐĞĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞĞŶƚƌĞŽƐĨĂƚŽƐ͕ŵĞƐŵŽ
ƐĠĐƵůŽys///ĞǀŝŐŽƌŽƵĂƚĠĂŵĞƚĂĚĞĚŽƐĠĐƵůŽ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƐĞũĂŵ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ
y/y͘ ZŽŵąŶƚŝĐŽĠ ĂƋƵŝůŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƌĞĨĞƌĞ ĂŽ ƚĞŵƉŽƌĂů Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ŽĐŽƌƌĞƌĂŵ͕ Ġ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ
ZŽŵĂŶƚŝƐŵŽĐŽŵŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽ͘ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƌĞĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝƌĞƐƐĂƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ͘
ǆ͗͘ĂƐƚƌŽůǀĞƐĨŽŝƵŵƉŽĞƚĂƌŽŵąŶƚŝĐŽ͘ hŵƌŽŵĂŶĐĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƋƵĂƚƌŽĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ
&ŽƌĂĚŽĐĂŵƉŽůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽ͕ŽƚĞƌŵŽƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ͗ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͕
ganhou o significado de “caso de amor”, uma ĞŶƌĞĚŽĞƚĞŵƉŽ͘
ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽƋƵĞĞŶǀŽůǀĞƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĂƉĂŝǆŽŶĂĚĂƐ͘ ● EĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ–ĂƋƵĞůĞƋƵĞĐŽŶƚĂŽƋƵĞĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ
>ŝǀƌŽƐĚĞƌŽŵĂŶĐĞũƵǀĞŶŝů ƐĆŽŽďƌĂƐŵĂŝƐ ŶĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ ůĞ ĨĂǌ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͕ Ġ Ƶŵ
ƌĞĐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ƚŽĚĂƐĚŽƐĠĐ͘yy/͕ĐŽŵůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĞ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ͕ ŶĆŽ ĚĞǀĞŶĚŽ ƐĞƌ
ƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂ ǀŽůƚĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ƉƷďůŝĐŽ ũŽǀĞŵ Ğ ĐŽŶĨƵŶĚŝĚŽĐŽŵŽĂƵƚŽƌ͘KŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌƉŽĚĞƐĞƌ
ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͘ ^ƚĞƉŚĂŶŝĞ WĞƌŬŝŶƐ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĚĂƐ ƵŵĂ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ Ğ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌͲƐĞ ĐŽŵ
ĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƌĂƐ ĚĞƌŽŵĂŶĐĞƐũƵǀĞŶŝƐ ŵĂŝƐ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ͘EĞƐƐĞĐĂƐŽĠƵŵŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌĞŵƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
renomadas da atualidade. “>ŽůĂĞŽ'ĂƌŽƚŽĚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ͘
ĂƐĂĂŽ>ĂĚŽ” é o seu segundo título, lançado ● WĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ–ƐĆŽŽƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĚŽƚĞǆƚŽƋƵĞ
Ğŵ ϮϬϭϭ Ͳ após o badalado “Anna e o Beijo ƉƌĂƚŝĐĂŵ ĂƐ ĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƉƌŽǀŽĐĂŵ Ž
Francês”. Conta a história de Lola, uma jovem ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ ^ĆŽ
Ğ ĞǆƚƌĂǀĂŐĂŶƚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞƌ ĚĞ ŵŽĚĂ ƋƵĞ ǀŝǀĞ Ž ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ ĨŝĐƚşĐŝĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĞƌĞƐ ŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ͕
ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƉĞƌĨĞŝƚŽ ĐŽŵ ƐĞƵƐ ƉĂŝƐ Ğ ƐĞƵ ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƐ ĚŽ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝƐƚĂ
ŶĂŵŽƌĂĚŽ͘ƚĠƋƵĞƐĞƵƐǀŝǌŝŶŚŽƐǀŽůƚĂŵƉĂƌĂ ĨşƐŝĐŽĞƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐŽ͘ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůĚĞ
ĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ƵŵƌŽŵĂŶĐĞĠĐŚĂŵĂĚĂĚĞƉƌŽƚĂŐŽŶŝƐƚĂ͘
● ŶƌĞĚŽ–ĠŽŶŽŵĞƋƵĞƐĞĚĄĂƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ĨĂƚŽƐ ĚĂ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͘ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂĞŶƌĞĚŽǀĞŵ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǌŽŽŵ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬůŝǀƌŽƐͬĚĞƵŵǌŽŽŵͬŵĞůŚŽƌĞ
ƐͲůŝǀƌŽƐͲƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ ϮϮ ĚĞ ŽƵƚ͘ ĚĞ ϮϬϮϭ͘ ĚĞƌĞĚĞ͕ŽƋƵĞƐƵŐĞƌĞƵŵĞŶƚƌĞůĂĕĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞ
;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ͘
ĨĂƚŽƐ͘KĞŶƌĞĚŽĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐĚĞĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ
Ğ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞůĞ ƐĞ ĐŚĞŐĂ ĂŽ ƚĞŵĂ͕ ƋƵĞ Ġ Ž
ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚŽZŽŵĂŶĐĞ
ŵŽƚŝǀŽĐĞŶƚƌĂůĚŽƚĞǆƚŽ͘
K ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ ƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞ ĂŽŐġŶĞƌŽ
● dĞŵƉŽ– ĂƐ ĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽĚĂ ůŝƚĞƌĂƚƵƌĂ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ƵŵĂ
ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞŵ ŶŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ EƵŵ ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ ƉŽĚĞ
ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ĨĂƚŽƐ ŝŶƚĞƌůŝŐĂĚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŽĐŽƌƌĞŵ
ĞǆŝƐƚŝƌ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ ĐƌŽŶŽůſŐŝĐŽ Ğ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ
ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚĞ ĐĞƌƚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ ŵĂƌĐĂ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů
ƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐŽ͘ K ƚĞŵƉŽ ĐƌŽŶŽůſŐŝĐŽ Ġ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ

132
ĞǆƚĞƌŝŽƌ͕ ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ƉĂƐƐĂŐĞŵ ĚĂƐ ŚŽƌĂƐ͕ ůŽǀĞͬŵĂŐĂǌŝŶĞůƵŝǌĂͬϮϮϲϲϮϰϮϬϬͬĨϴϮĐϬϵϮϭĨϳĂϰϮϵϯĂϮĞϴ

ϬϮϴϲϮϯϴĞϵϰϯϱϴ͘ũƉŐĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϬĚĞŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ĚŽƐ ĚŝĂƐ ĞƚĐ͘ KƐ ĨĂƚŽƐ ĚŽ ĞŶƌĞĚŽ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ
EŽŝƚĞ ƋƵĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ǀĞƌĆŽ͘ WĂƌĂ ƐĞƌ ĞǆĂƚĂ͕
ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĚŽƐ ŶƵŵĂ ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ĂŶƚĞƐ Ğ
ĞƐƚĂŵŽƐ ŶŽ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ƐĄďĂĚŽ ĚŽ ŵġƐ ĚĞ
ĚĞƉŽŝƐ͕ ŝƐƚŽ Ġ͕ ŶƵŵĂ ƐƵĐĞƐƐĆŽ ƚĞŵƉŽƌĂů͘ K
ĂŐŽƐƚŽ͘ Ɛ ĞƐƚƌĞůĂƐ ŶƵŶĐĂ ďƌŝůŚĂƌĂŵ ƚĂŶƚŽ͘
ƚĞŵƉŽ ƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐŽ Ġ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ ŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ ĂƋƵĞůĞ
ƐƚŽƵ ƐĞŶƚĂĚĂ ŶĂ ũĂŶĞůĂ ĚŽ ŵĞƵ ƋƵĂƌƚŽ͕
ƋƵĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĐŽƌƌĞ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͘ WŽƌ
ĂĚŵŝƌĂŶĚŽ ĞƐƐĞ ĞƐƉĞƚĄĐƵůŽ ĚĞƐůƵŵďƌĂŶƚĞ Ğ
ƐĞƌ ƐƵďũĞƚŝǀŽ͕ ŶĆŽ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ŵĞĚŝĚŽ ŽƵ
ƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽ ŶĂƐ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŵĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌĂŵ
ĐĂůĐƵůĂĚŽ͘ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ ĚĂ ŵĞŵſƌŝĂ͕ ĚĂƐ
ŶĂƋƵĞůĞǀĞƌĆŽ͘
ƌĞĨůĞǆƁĞƐ͘
ƵĞƌĂŽƵƚƌĂ:ĞŶŶĂ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͘ůĞŵďƌĂŶĕĂ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ Ěſŝ͘ DĞƵ ĐĠƌĞďƌŽ ƚĞŶƚĂ ĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌ ŽŶĚĞ ĨŝĐĂ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĞĚƵĐĂŵĂŝƐďƌĂƐŝů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞŶĞŵͬůŝŶŐƵĂͲ
ƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐĂͬƌŽŵĂŶĐĞĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϬĚĞŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘ ĞǆĂƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ĚŽƌ͕ ŵĂƐ ůŽŐŽ ĚĞƐŝƐƚĞ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ƚƵĚŽ Ěſŝ͘ ƐƚŽƵ ĐĂŶƐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ǀŝǀĞƌ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ ũĄ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƌŽŵĂŶĐĞͬ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ
ϮϬĚĞŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
ĨŽƐƐĞ ƵŵĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ĂĚƵůƚĂ Ğ ŵĂĚƵƌĂ͘ 'ŽƐƚĂƌŝĂ
ĚĞǀŽůƚĂƌĂƐĞƌĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ–ƵŵĂŐĂƌŽƚŝŶŚĂĚĞƐĞŝƐ
KƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĠƵŵĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ
ĂŶŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĐĂŝƵ ĚĂ ďŝĐŝĐůĞƚĂ͘ 'ŽƐƚĂƌŝĂ ĚĞ ĨĂǌĞƌ
^ŽƵů >ŽǀĞ͕ >ǇŶĚĂ tĂƌƚĞƌŚŽƵƐĞ͘ K ƚƌĞĐŚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ
ĐĂƌĂ ĚĞ ĐŚŽƌŽ Ğ ĐŽƌƌĞƌ ĂŽƐ ďĞƌƌŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ă
ƐĞŐƵĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ž ƉƌſůŽŐŽ Ğ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ
ĐĂƉşƚƵůŽĚŽůŝǀƌŽ͘ ĐŽǌŝŶŚĂ͕ ŽŶĚĞ ŵŝŶŚĂ ŵĆĞ ŵĞ ĞƌŐƵĞƌŝĂ ĚŽ
ĐŚĆŽ͕ŵĞĚĂƌŝĂƵŵĨŽƌƚĞĂďƌĂĕŽĞďĞŝũĂƌŝĂŵĞƵ
sĂŵŽƐăůĞŝƚƵƌĂ͍ ũŽĞůŚŽ ĞƐĨŽůĂĚŽ͘ Ƶ ƉĂƌĂƌŝĂ ĚĞ ĐŚŽƌĂƌ Ğ
^ŽƵů>ŽǀĞ
>ǇŶĚĂtĂƌƚĞƌŚŽƵƐĞ ƚŽŵĂƌŝĂůĞŝƚĞĐŽŵĐŚŽĐŽůĂƚĞƉĂƌĂĂĚŽƌƉĂƐƐĂƌ͘
ƐƐĂĠƵŵĂĚĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐƋƵĞĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐŶĆŽ
ŶŽƐĞŶƐŝŶĂŵƋƵĂŶĚŽĨĂůĂŵĚĞĐƌĞƐĐĞƌ͗ĐŽŵŽ
ůŝĚĂƌ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ ĚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƉĂƐƐĂŵ ĐŽŵ Ƶŵ
ďĞŝũŽ͘
Ğŝ Ƶŵ ƐƵƐƉŝƌŽ ĚĞ ĂůşǀŝŽ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ Ž ĐĂƌƌŽ
ĞŶƚƌŽƵ ŶĂ ĞƐƚƌĂĚĂ ƋƵĞ ůĞǀĂǀĂ ă ĐĂƐĂ ĚĞ ƚŝĂ
^ĂƌĂŚ͘ŽŵŽĞƵĞŵĂŵĆĞŶĆŽĞƐƚĄǀĂŵŽƐŶŽƐ
ĨĂůĂŶĚŽ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƐĂşŵŽƐ ĚĞ >ŽŶĚƌĞƐ͕ ĞƵ ŶĆŽ
ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂǀĂ ƉĂƌĂ ŽŶĚĞ ĞůĂ ŝĂ ŵĞ ĚĞƐƉĂĐŚĂƌ͘
ũƵůŐĂƌƉŽƌƐĞƵŵĂƵŚƵŵŽƌ͕ĞůĂƐĞƌŝĂďĞŵĐĂƉĂǌ
ĚĞŵĞĐŽŵƉƌĂƌƵŵďŝůŚĞƚĞƐſĚĞŝĚĂƉĂƌĂƵŵ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂͲ
ƐƚĂƚŝĐ͘ŵůĐĚŶ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬϲϭϴǆϰϲϯͬůŝǀƌŽͲƐŽƵůͲ ĚĞƐƐĞƐĂĐĂŵƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐŽŶĚĞĂŐĞŶƚĞƉĂƐƐĂĂƐ

133
ĨĠƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ǀĞƌĆŽ ƵƐĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ƵŶŝĨŽƌŵĞ ǀĞƌĚĞͲ ŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĚĞŝǆĂƌŵŽƐ ĚĞŶŽƐ ĨĂůĂƌ͕ƚƵĚŽ Ž
oliva e dizendo sem parar: “Sim, senhor! Não, ƋƵĞŵŝŶŚĂŵĆĞŵĞĚŝǌŝĂĞƌĂŵĐŽŝƐĂƐĚŽƚŝƉŽ͗
senhor!”. Ͳ:ĞŶŶĂ͕ĐŽŵŽǀŽĐġƉƀĚĞ͘͘͘–ŽƵŽĐůĄƐƐŝĐŽ͗
ͲEĆŽƉŽƐƐŽĨŝĐĂƌĐŽŵǀŽĐġ͕:ĞŶŶĂ–ĚŝƐƐĞ ͲYƵĂŶĚŽĞƵƚŝŶŚĂĂƐƵĂŝĚĂĚĞ͘͘͘–ƐĞŐƵŝĚŽ
ŵĂŵĆĞ ĐŽŵ ĨƌŝĞǌĂ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂďƌŝĂ Ž ƉŽƌƚĂͲ da típica reclamação dos “pais modernos”:
ŵĂůĂƐ Ğ ƉƵŶŚĂ ŵŝŶŚĂƐ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ ŶĂ ĐĂůĕĂĚĂ͘ – Ͳ sŽĐġ ƚĞŵ ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ĨŽŝ ĚŝĨşĐŝů
DĂƌĐƵƐĨŝĐĂŝŶƋƵŝĞƚŽƋƵĂŶĚŽĚĞŵŽƌŽĂǀŽůƚĂƌ͘ conseguir vaga para você na escola Coot‟s
DĂůƐƵƐƉŝƌĞŝ͘ƵŶĆŽĞƐƚĂǀĂĚŝƐƉŽƐƚĂĂƋƵĞďƌĂƌ ,ŝůů͍WƌĞĐŝƐĞŝĐŽŵƉƌĂƌĞƐƚĂĐĂƐĂŚŽƌƌŽƌŽƐĂƐſ
ŵĞƵ ǀŽƚŽ ĚĞ ƐŝůġŶĐŝŽ͘ ƐƚĂǀĂ ĨƵƌŝŽƐĂ ĐŽŵ ƉŽƌƋƵĞĨŝĐĂƉĞƌƚŽĚĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͊
ŵĂŵĆĞ͘ůĂƐĞŵƉƌĞƐĞƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂǀĂŵĂŝƐĐŽŵ Ƶ ŵĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĂ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĐƵůƉĂĚĂ ƉŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ͘
ŵĞƵŝƌŵĆŽǌŝŶŚŽĚĞŽŝƚŽĂŶŽƐĚŽƋƵĞĐŽŵŝŐŽ͘ ĚŝĨşĐŝůĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌŵĂƚƌşĐƵůĂŶĂƐďŽĂƐĞƐĐŽůĂƐĚĞ
&ŝǌ ĐĂƌĂ ĚĞ ŝƌŽŶŝĂ Ğ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĞŝ ŶŽ ĐĂƌƌŽ͕ >ŽŶĚƌĞƐ͘
ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĞůĂ ƐĞ ĚŝƌŝŐŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐĂƐĂ ĚĞ ƚŝĂ DĂŵĆĞĞŶƚĆŽĐŽŵĞĕĂǀĂĂƌĞƐŵƵŶŐĂƌƋƵĞ
^ĂƌĂŚ͘;͘͘͘Ϳ ƚĂůǀĞǌƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƐƐĞƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƌƵŵĂĞƐĐŽůĂĚĂƌĞĚĞ
ͲEĆŽƉŽƐƐŽĨŝĐĂƌĐŽŵǀŽĐġ͕:ĞŶŶĂ–ĚŝƐƐĞ ƉƌŝǀĂĚĂ͘͘͘
ŵĂŵĆĞ ĐŽŵ ĨƌŝĞǌĂ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂďƌŝĂ Ž ƉŽƌƚĂͲ Ͳ^ĞĠƋƵĞĂůŐƵŵĂǀĂŝĂĐĞŝƚĂƌǀŽĐġ͊
ŵĂůĂƐ Ğ ƉƵŶŚĂ ŵŝŶŚĂƐ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ ŶĂ ĐĂůĕĂĚĂ͘ – dŽĚĂ ǀĞǌ ƋƵĞ ĞůĂ ĚŝǌŝĂ͕ƉĞůĂ ŵŝůŝŽŶĠƐŝŵĂ
DĂƌĐƵƐĨŝĐĂŝŶƋƵŝĞƚŽƋƵĂŶĚŽĚĞŵŽƌŽĂǀŽůƚĂƌ͘ ǀĞǌ͗
DĂůƐƵƐƉŝƌĞŝ͘ƵŶĆŽĞƐƚĂǀĂĚŝƐƉŽƐƚĂĂƋƵĞďƌĂƌ Ͳ:ĞŶŶĂ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽĞƵƚŝŶŚĂĂƐƵĂŝĚĂĚĞ͘͘͘
ŵĞƵ ǀŽƚŽ ĚĞ ƐŝůġŶĐŝŽ͘ ƐƚĂǀĂ ĨƵƌŝŽƐĂ ĐŽŵ ƵĞƐƚŽƵƌĂǀĂ͗
ŵĂŵĆĞ͘ůĂƐĞŵƉƌĞƐĞƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂǀĂŵĂŝƐĐŽŵ Ͳ DĂŵĆĞ͕ ŝƐƐŽ ĨŽŝ ŚĄ ŵƵƵƵƵƵŝƚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͕
ŵĞƵŝƌŵĆŽǌŝŶŚŽĚĞŽŝƚŽĂŶŽƐĚŽƋƵĞĐŽŵŝŐŽ͘ ;͘͘͘Ϳ
&ŝǌ ĐĂƌĂ ĚĞ ŝƌŽŶŝĂ Ğ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĞŝ ŶŽ ĐĂƌƌŽ͕ şƌŽůĂǀĂƵŵĂďƌŝŐĂĨĞŝĂĞĂŐĞŶƚĞƉĂƌĂǀĂ
ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĞůĂ ƐĞ ĚŝƌŝŐŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐĂƐĂ ĚĞ ƚŝĂ ĚĞƐĞĨĂůĂƌ͘
^ĂƌĂŚ͘;͘͘͘Ϳ YƵĞŵĂŝƐĞƵƉŽĚŝĂĨĂǌĞƌ͍;͘͘͘Ϳ
YƵĂŶĚŽĂŵĆĞĚĞdĂƌĂŽǁůĞǇĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƵ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŽĐƐ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬĨŝůĞͬĚͬϬϰYWͲ
ĞhEƉůsϭzdŚůdϭEƉĚϮĚEϮϴͬĞĚŝƚ͍ƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞŬĞǇсϬͲ
ƋƵĞ Ă ĨŝůŚĂ ĨŽƌĂ ƌĞƉƌŽǀĂĚĂ ĚĞ ƉƌŽƉſƐŝƚŽ ŶĂƐ d^yϯũƉůǌŶDϮϳdǇE<ϰƵǇŐ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ ϮϬ ĚĞ ŽƵƚ͘ ĚĞ
ϮϬϮϮ͘;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ͘
ƉƌŽǀĂƐ͕ƐĞƵƐĐĂďĞůŽƐĨŝĐĂƌĂŵďƌĂŶĐŽƐĚĂŶŽŝƚĞ
ƉĂƌĂŽĚŝĂ͘KƋƵĞĞƵƚŝŶŚĂĨĞŝƚŽĞƌĂďĞŵƉŝŽƌ sŽĐġ ƚĞŵ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ ĂŽ ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚŽ ŶŽ ƐŝƚĞ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŽĐƐ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬĨŝůĞͬĚͬϬϰYWͲ
ĚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞƌ ƌĞƉƌŽǀĂĚĂ͕ ŵĂƐ ŽƐ ĐĂďĞůŽƐ ĞhEƉůsϭzdŚůdϭEƉĚϮĚEϮϴͬĞĚŝƚ͍ƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞŬĞǇсϬͲ
d^yϯũƉůǌŶDϮϳdǇE<ϰƵǇŐ
ĐĂƐƚĂŶŚŽͲĞƐĐƵƌŽƐ ĚĞ ŵĂŵĆĞ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂǀĂŵ
ŝŶƚĂĐƚŽƐ͘

134
ϰ͘ Observe o trecho “Quando a mãe de Tara

ŽǁůĞǇ ĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƵ ƋƵĞ Ă ĨŝůŚĂ ĨŽƌĂ ƌĞƉƌŽǀĂĚĂ
ĚĞƉƌŽƉſƐŝƚŽŶĂƐƉƌŽǀĂƐ͕ƐĞƵƐĐĂďĞůŽƐĨŝĐĂƌĂŵ
ϭ͘ hŵƚĞǆƚŽŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽĠĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşĚŽƉŽƌŵĞŝŽ ďƌĂŶĐŽƐ ĚĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĚŝĂ͘ K ƋƵĞ ĞƵ ƚŝŶŚĂ
ĚŽĚŝĄůŽŐŽĞŶƚƌĞĂƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͘ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĠ ĨĞŝƚŽĞƌĂďĞŵƉŝŽƌĚŽƋƵĞƐĞƌƌĞƉƌŽǀĂĚĂ͕ŵĂƐ
ĐŽŶƚĂĚĂĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂƐĂĕƁĞƐĞŵƋƵĞĞůĂƐĞƐƚĆŽ ŽƐ ĐĂďĞůŽƐ ĐĂƐƚĂŶŚŽͲĞƐĐƵƌŽƐ ĚĞ ŵĂŵĆĞ
ĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂƐ͘ WŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ĂƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ƐĆŽ Đontinuavam intactos.” Em sua opinião, o que
ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ :ĞŶŶĂ,ƵĚƐŽŶƚĞƌŝĂĨĞŝƚŽƉĂƌĂƐĞƌĞǆƉƵůƐĂĚĂ
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͘ ŝƚĞ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ escola Coot‟s Hill?
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ŶŽƚƌĞĐŚŽƋƵĞǀŽĐġůĞƵ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ϱ͘ K ƚƌĞĐŚŽ ƋƵĞ ǀŽĐġ ůĞƵ ĚĞ ^ŽƵů >ŽǀĞ
Ϯ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽŽƋƵĞǀŽĐġůĞƵŽƵĐŽŶŚĞĐĞ͕ ĚĞƐƉĞƌƚŽƵĞŵǀŽĐġŽĚĞƐĞũŽĚĞůĞƌĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ
ƋƵĞŵĠĂƉƌŽƚĂŐŽŶŝƐƚĂĚĞƐƐĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͍ ƚŽĚĂ͍WŽƌƋƵġ͍YƵĞƚŝƉŽĚĞƌŽŵĂŶĐĞƚĞĐŚĂŵĂ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ͍WŽƌƋƵġ͍
ϯ͘ KĨŽĐŽŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽĚĞƵŵƚĞǆƚŽƐĞĚĞĨŝŶĞƉĞůĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂƋƵĂůŽŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌŽƉƚĂ ϲ͘ Em “Ͳ Se é que alguma vai aceitar você!”, o
ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞůĂƚĂƌ ŽƐ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŝŶĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĂŽ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĞǆĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƚƌĞĐŚŽ ƌĞĨŽƌĕĂ Ă
ĞŶƌĞĚŽ͕ ĞůĞ ƉŽĚĞ ŶĆŽ ƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ ƚĞƌ ŝĚĞŝĂĚĞ͗
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂƌ ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ ;ͿĐŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ͘
ŶĂƌƌĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ ĨĂƚŽƐ Ğŵ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ;ͿŝŶĚŝŐŶĂĕĆŽ͘
;ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵͿ͖ ŽƵ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ƚĞƌ ;ͿĂĨŝƌŵĂĕĆŽ͘
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƐĞŵ ƐĞ ĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ ŶĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ ;ͿŝŶƚĞƌƌŽŐĂĕĆŽ͘
ŶĞƐƐĞĐĂƐŽ͕ŽƐĨĂƚŽƐƐĆŽŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƐĞŵƚĞƌĐĞŝƌĂ
ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ;ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌͿ͘ YƵĂů Ġ Ž ĨŽĐŽ
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ͍ YƵĞ ĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚŽ
ƚĞǆƚŽĐŽŵƉƌŽǀĂŵĂƐƵĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͍

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ϳ͘ Em “Dei um suspiro de alívio quando o carro ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂƐ͕ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƚƌĞĐŚŽ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕
ĞŶƚƌŽƵ ŶĂ ĞƐƚƌĂĚĂ ƋƵĞ ůĞǀĂǀĂ ă ĐĂƐĂ ĚĞ ƚŝĂ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŵƵŵĨŽĐŽŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽĞŵ
Sarah.”, o efeito de sentido da palavra
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞ͗ ;ͿϭǐƉĞƐƐŽĂ–ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͕ĂƋƵĞůĞ
;ͿƚĞŵƉŽ͘ ƋƵĞƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘
;ͿŵŽĚŽ͘ ;Ϳ ϯǐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ Ͳ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͕ ĂƋƵĞůĞ
;ͿŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ƋƵĞĂƉĞŶĂƐŶĂƌƌĂŽƋƵĞǀġ͘
;ͿĂĨŝƌŵĂĕĆŽ͘ ;Ϳ ϯǐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ Ͳ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ ŽŶŝƐĐŝĞŶƚĞ͕ ĂƋƵĞůĞ
ƋƵĞƚĞŵƚŽƚĂůĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ
ϴ͘ No trecho “Aí rolava uma briga feia e a ĞĨĂƚŽƐ͘
gente parava de se falar.”, a linguagem
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂŶĞƐƐĞƚƌĞĐŚŽĠ ϭϭ͘ ^ŽďƌĞ Ž ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ͕ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ
;ͿĨŽƌŵĂů͘ ĞƐƚĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƚĂƐ͕ĞǆĐĞƚŽ
;ͿŝŶĨŽƌŵĂů͘
;ͿƌĞŐŝŽŶĂů͘ ;Ϳ K ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ Ġ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ƚĞǆƚƵĂů ĚĂ ƚŝƉŽůŽŐŝĂ
;ͿƉŽĠƚŝĐĂ͘ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ƵŵĂ ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ
ĨĂƚŽƐ ŝŶƚĞƌůŝŐĂĚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŽĐŽƌƌĞŵ ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚĞ
ϵ͘ WĂƌĂĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌŽĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĞƐĞũĂĚŽ͕ŽƐĂƵƚŽƌĞƐ ĐĞƌƚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵͲƐĞ ĚĞ ǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĚĞ ;Ϳ ZŽŵĂŶĐĞ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽ ƋƵĞ
linguagem. Nesse sentido, em “ͲDĂŵĆĞ͕ŝƐƐŽ ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞĂƵŵĂĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĞŵƉƌŽƐĂ͕ŽƵ
foi há muuuuuito tempo, (...) ”, a repetição do ƐĞũĂ͕ƵŵĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂĐŽŵĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐƚƌĂŵĂƐ͘
“u” objetiva ;Ϳ K ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ƋƵĂƚƌŽ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ
Ğŵ ƐƵĂ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ͗ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͕
;ͿŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂƌĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞƚĞŵƉŽ͘ ĞŶƌĞĚŽĞƚĞŵƉŽ͘
;ͿŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂƌŽƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĂŵĆĞ͘ ;Ϳ K ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ƚĞǆƚƵĂů
;ͿĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƌĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞůƵŐĂƌ͘ ũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐŽ͕ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşĚŽ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂ ĚĞĨĞƐĂ ĚĞ
;ͿƌĞĨŽƌĕĂƌĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞŵŽĚŽ͘ ƵŵƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂĞĚĞĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐƌĞůĂƚŝǀŽƐă
ŝĚĞŝĂĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĚĂ͘
ϭϬ͘ Em “Estou sentada na janela do meu
ƋƵĂƌƚŽ͕ ĂĚŵŝƌĂŶĚŽ ĞƐƐĞ ĞƐƉĞƚĄĐƵůŽ ϭϮ͘ No trecho “... O que eu tinha feito era bem
ĚĞƐůƵŵďƌĂŶƚĞĞƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽŶĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐƋƵĞŵĞ ƉŝŽƌ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞƌ ƌĞƉƌŽǀĂĚĂ͕ ŵĂƐ ŽƐ ĐĂďĞůŽƐ
aconteceram naquele verão. “, as expressões ĐĂƐƚĂŶŚŽͲĞƐĐƵƌŽƐ ĚĞ ŵĂŵĆĞ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂǀĂŵ

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intactos...,” o conectivo em destaque expressa ǆ͗͘ƐĞƐƚƌĞůĂƐŶƵŶĐĂďƌŝůŚĂƌĂŵƚĂŶƚŽ͘

Ă
ƋƵŝ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝŵŽƐ ƉĞƌĨĞŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌŽĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽĞĂŝŶĚĂĐŽŶƐƚĂƚĂŵŽƐ
;ͿĂůƚĞƌŶąŶĐŝĂĚĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐ͘
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚŽǀĞƌďŽďƌŝůŚĂƌ;ďƌŝůŚĂƌĂŵͿ͘
;ͿĂĚŝĕĆŽĚĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐ͘
;ͿĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐ͘
WĞƌşŽĚŽ – ƚŽĚŽ ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝ
;ͿŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐ͘
ĚĞƵŵĂŽƵŵĂŝƐŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ͘ƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽ͗
ǆ͗͘ƵƉĂƌĂƌŝĂĚĞĐŚŽƌĂƌĞƚŽŵĂƌŝĂůĞŝƚĞĐŽŵ
&ƌĂƐĞ͕ŽƌĂĕĆŽĞƉĞƌşŽĚŽ
ĐŚŽĐŽůĂƚĞƉĂƌĂĂĚŽƌƉĂƐƐĂƌ͘
ƐƚƵĚĂƌĂƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐĞŶƚƌĞ&ƌĂƐĞ͕KƌĂĕĆŽ WĞƌĐĞďĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ͕ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ

Ğ WĞƌşŽĚŽ Ġ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐĂŵŽƐ ĞƐƚĂƌ ĐůĂƌŽ͕ ĂŝŶĚĂ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ŽƐ ǀĞƌďŽƐ ;ƉĂƌĂƌŝĂ͕
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĂƐŝŶƚĂǆĞĚĂůşŶŐƵĂƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐĂ͕
ĐŚŽƌĂƌ͕ƚŽŵĂƌŝĂĞƉĂƐƐĂƌͿ͘
ŽƐĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽƐĞƐƵĂƐƵŶŝĚĂĚĞƐ͘
&ƌĂƐĞ – ƚŽĚĂ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƚĂĚĂ ĚĞ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĞƐĐŽůĂŬŝĚƐ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐͬĂƉƌĞŶĚĞŶĚŽͲ
ŽͲĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽͲĚĞͲĨƌĂƐĞͲŽƌĂĐĂŽͲĞͲƉĞƌŝŽĚŽ͘Śƚŵ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ
ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͘ŽŵŽƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͗
ϮϱŽƵƚ͘ϮϬϮϭ͘;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ͘
ǆ͗͘EŽŝƚĞƋƵĞŶƚĞĚĞǀĞƌĆŽ͘ Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ ŽŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ

ƋƵĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ͕ ŽƐ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ
ůĠŵ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌŵŽƐ ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌ Ă ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐĞŵƐŝŵƉůĞƐ;ĂƉĞŶĂƐƵŵĂŽƌĂĕĆŽͿ
ŵĞŶƐĂŐĞŵ͕ ĂŝŶĚĂ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞŵŽƐ Ƶŵ ŽƵƚƌŽ ŽƵĐŽŵƉŽƐƚŽƐ;ĚƵĂƐŽƵŵĂŝƐŽƌĂĕƁĞƐͿ͘
ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƋƵĞĚĞůĂĨĂǌƉĂƌƚĞ͗
WĞƌşŽĚŽƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͗ƵǀŝƐŝƚĞŝŵŝŶŚĂƚŝĂŽŶƚĞŵ͘
EĆŽĐŽŶƚĠŵǀĞƌďŽ͊
WĞƌşŽĚŽ ĐŽŵƉŽƐƚŽ͗ Ƶ ǀŝƐŝƚĞŝ ŵŝŶŚĂ ƚŝĂ͕ ŵĂƐ
ƐƐŝŵ͕ƵŵĂĨƌĂƐĞƉŽĚĞƌĄƚĞƌŽƵŶĆŽƵŵ ŵĞƵƚŝŽŶĆŽĞƐƚĂǀĂĞŵĐĂƐĂ͘
ǀĞƌďŽ͘ YƵĂŶĚŽ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ͕ Ġ ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ ĚĞ ĨƌĂƐĞ Ɛ ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ ƐĆŽ ĨĂĐŝůŵĞŶƚĞ
ǀĞƌďĂů͘ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ŶĆŽ͕ Ġ ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ ĚĞ ĨƌĂƐĞ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĄǀĞŝƐĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂĐŽŶƚĂŐĞŵĚŽƐǀĞƌďŽƐ
ŶŽŵŝŶĂů͘ ŽƵůŽĐƵĕƁĞƐǀĞƌďĂŝƐ͗
KƌĂĕĆŽ–ƚŽĚŽĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ;ĂůŐŽĚŝƚŽͿƋƵĞƐĞ ● :ĞŶŶĂĨŽŝĂŽŵĠĚŝĐŽ͘;ƵŵĂŽƌĂĕĆŽͿ
ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĞŵƚŽƌŶŽĚĞƵŵǀĞƌďŽ͘ƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽ ● :ĞŶŶĂ ĨŽŝ ĂŽ ŵĠĚŝĐŽ Ğ ĨĞǌ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĞǆĂŵĞƐ͘
ŶŽƐĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŽĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ ;ĚƵĂƐŽƌĂĕƁĞƐͿ

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● :ĞŶŶĂ ĨŽŝ ĂŽ ŵĠĚŝĐŽ Ğ ĨĞǌ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĞǆĂŵĞƐ͕ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŶŽƌŵĂĐƵůƚĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĨƌĂƐĞͲ

ŽƌĂĐĂŽͲĞͲƉĞƌŝŽĚŽͲƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽͲĞͲĞǆĞƌĐŝĐŝŽƐͬĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ͗
ĂƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ ĞƐƚĂƌ ďĞŵ ŶĂƋƵĞůĞ ĚŝĂ͘ ;ƚƌġƐ ϯϭŽƵƚ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘;ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ͘
ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐͿ
● Ɛ ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ ƐĆŽ ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ ϭϯ͘ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĂƐŽƌĂĕƁĞƐƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶĂƚŝƌŝŶŚĂ
ĐŽŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂƐĞŽƌĂĕƁĞƐƐƵďŽƌĚŝŶĂĚĂƐ͘ ĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ
● DĂƐ ĞƐƐĞ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ ǀŽĐġ ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌĄ Ğŵ

ŽƵƚƌĂĂƵůĂ͘
ϭϯ͘ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĂƐŽƌĂĕƁĞƐƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶĂƚŝƌŝŶŚĂ
ĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƐƚĂƚŝĐ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƵƉůŽĂĚͬƚŝͬƌŝͬƚŝƌŝŶŚĂĚĂŵĂĨĂůĚĂƚĞůĞǀŝƐĂŽͲĐŬĞ͘ũƉŐĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϯϭĚĞ
ŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ϭϰ͘ EŽƐ ĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƐĞŐƵĞŵ͕ ;ͿŽƌĂĕĆŽ͘

ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĂƐĨƌĂƐĞƐĐŽŵ;&Ϳ͕ĂƐŽƌĂĕƁĞƐĐŽŵ ;ͿƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘
;KͿ͕ĞŽƐƉĞƌşŽĚŽƐĐŽŵ;WͿ͘ ;Ϳ^ƵũĞŝƚŽ͘
;) “Eu era outra Jenna Hudson.”

;) “A lembrança dói.” ϭϲ͘ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ ĂƐ ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ ŶŽƐ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽƐ Ă
;) “Sim, senhor! Não, senhor!”. ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͗
;) “Antes de deixarmos de nos falar, tudo o
;ͿƐƚĂǀĂƉĞƌĚŝĚĂĞŶĆŽƐĂďŝĂŽƋƵĞĨĂǌĞƌ͘
que minha mãe me dizia eram coisas do tipo:”
ϭǐŽƌĂĕĆŽ͗ƐƚĂǀĂƉĞƌĚŝĚĂ
ϭϱ͘ O fragmento “Ͳ:ĞŶŶĂ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽĞƵƚŝŶŚĂĂ
ϮǐŽƌĂĕĆŽ͗ĞŶĆŽƐĂďŝĂ
sua idade...”, podeƐĞƌĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽĐŽŵŽ
ϯǐŽƌĂĕĆŽ͗ŽƋƵĞĨĂǌĞƌ͘
;ͿĨƌĂƐĞ͘

138
ĂƐŽ ŶĆŽ ƚĞŶŚĂ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ ă ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ Ğ ŶĆŽ

ƐĞũĂ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ďĂŝǆĂƌ Ž ůŝǀƌŽ ƐƵŐĞƌŝĚŽ͕ ĨĂĕĂ Ž
;ͿĂŝƵĞŵĂĐŚƵĐŽƵͲƐĞŽƵƚƌĂǀĞǌ͘
ƌĞƐƵŵŽĚŽĐĂƉşƚƵůŽϭĚĞƵŵĂŽďƌĂƋƵĞǀŽĐġůĞƵ
ϭǐŽƌĂĕĆŽ͗ ĞŐŽƐƚŽƵ͕ƐĞŐƵŝŶĚŽĂƐŵĞƐŵĂƐŽƌŝĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ͘
ϮǐŽƌĂĕĆŽ͗
;Ϳ ůĂ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂ ĚŽĞŶƚĞ Ğ ŶĆŽ ĂĐĞŝƚĂ ŝƌ ĂŽ

ŚŽƐƉŝƚĂů͘
KďũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ dĞǆƚŽ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů͘
ϭǐŽƌĂĕĆŽ͗
ŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů͕ ŽƌƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĂ Ğ
ϮǐŽƌĂĕĆŽ͗ ƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞǆĞƌĐŝĐŝŽƐͲƐŽďƌĞͲ ,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ ;&ϲϵ>WϰϰͲͿ /ŶĨĞƌŝƌ Ă ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ
ĨƌĂƐĞͲŽƌĂĐĂŽͲĞͲƉĞƌŝŽĚŽͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϴĚĞŽƵƚ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
ĚĞ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ Ğ ŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ Ğ ĚĞ
;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƁĞƐ ĚĞ ŵƵŶĚŽ Ğŵ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ
WZKhKdydh>
ůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽƐ͘ ;&ϴϵ>WϯϰͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌĂŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ
>ĞŝĂŽƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽĐĂƉşƚƵůŽĚŽůŝǀƌŽ^ŽƵů>ŽǀĞ ĚĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ ĚƌĂŵĄƚŝĐŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ Ğŵ ƚĞĂƚƌŽ͕
ĞƉƌŽĚƵǌĂƵŵƌĞƐƵŵŽĐƌşƚŝĐŽƐŽďƌĞŽƋƵĞǀŽĐġ ƚĞůĞǀŝƐĆŽ͕ĐŝŶĞŵĂ͕ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽĞƉĞƌĐĞďĞŶĚŽ
ůĞƵ͘ ŽƐ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽƐ ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĚŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ
K ƌĞƐƵŵŽ ĐƌşƚŝĐŽ Ġ Ƶŵ ƚĞǆƚŽ ĚĞ ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͕ ůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐŽƐ Ğ ƐĞŵŝſƚŝĐŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂŵ ƐƵĂ
ƋƵĞ ĨĂǌ ƵŵĂ ĂǀĂůŝĂĕĆŽ Ă ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ ĚĂ ŽďƌĂ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵŽ ƉĞĕĂ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů͕ ŶŽǀĞůĂ͕ ĨŝůŵĞ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂĚĂ;ŶĞƐƐĞĐĂƐŽ͕ƐŽŵĞŶƚĞĚŽĐĂƉşƚƵůŽϭͿ͘ ĞƚĐ͘ ;&ϴϵ>WϯϯͲͿ >Ğƌ͕ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĂƵƚƀŶŽŵĂ͕Ğ
WƌŝŵĞŝƌŽǀŽĐġĨĂƌĄĂ ƐşŶƚĞƐĞĚŽĐĂƉşƚƵůŽϭ͕ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ – ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ ƉƌŽĐĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞ ŶƵŵĂ ǀŝƐĆŽ ŐĞƌĂů ĚŽ ĐĂƉşƚƵůŽ͘ ĞĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĂƐĚĞůĞŝƚƵƌĂ;ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ͕ĂŶƚĞĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ͕
WŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ǀŽĐġ ĨĂƌĄ ĚĂƌĄ Ă ƐƵĂ ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ ŝŶĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ Ğ ǀĞƌŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽͿ ĂĚĞƋƵĂĚŽƐ Ă
ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ƋƵĞ ůĞƵ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ Ă ƐƵĂ ǀŝƐĆŽ ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ Ğ ůĞǀĂŶĚŽ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚĂ
ĐĂƉşƚƵůŽ ĚĂ ŽďƌĂ͘ EĆŽ ĞƐƋƵĞĕĂĚĞ ƌĞůĞƌ Ž ƐĞƵ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽƐ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ Ğ ƐƵƉŽƌƚĞƐ –
ƚĞǆƚŽĞĨĂǌĞƌĂƐĐŽƌƌĞĕƁĞƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂƐ͘ ĐŽŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌąŶĞŽƐ͕ ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞƐ ũƵǀĞŶŝƐ͕
sŽĐġƉŽĚĞƌĄďĂŝǆĂƌŽůŝǀƌŽĞŵW&ŶŽƐŝƚĞ͗ ŶŽǀĞůĂƐ͕ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂƐĚĞĨŝĐĕĆŽ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŽĐƐ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬĨŝůĞͬĚͬϬϰYWĞhEƉůsϭzdŚůdϭE ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂ͕ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂƐĚĞƐƵƐƉĞŶƐĞ͕ƉŽĞŵĂƐĚĞ
ƉĚϮĚEϮϴͬĞĚŝƚ͍ƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞŬĞǇсϬͲ ĨŽƌŵĂ ůŝǀƌĞ Ğ ĨŝǆĂ ;ĐŽŵŽ ŚĂŝĐĂŝͿ͕ ƉŽĞŵĂƐ
d^yϯũƉůǌŶDϮϳdǇE<ϰƵǇŐ ĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŽƐ͕ ĐŝďĞƌƉŽĞŵĂƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘
;&ϲϵ>WϰϳͲͿ WĞƌĐĞďĞƌ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ Ă
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂŶŽƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŐġŶĞƌŽƐĞŽƐĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ

139
ĚĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĚŽ ĨŽĐŽ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ DZ/Kd͕ĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚĂ–YƵĞŵƐĞƌĄ͍;&ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ

ƚşƉŝĐŽ ĚĞ ĐĂĚĂ ŐġŶĞƌŽ͕ ĚĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂͲƐĞĚĞũŽĞůŚŽƐ͘Ϳ
ĞƐƉĂĕŽƐ ĨşƐŝĐŽ Ğ ƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐŽ Ğ ĚŽƐ ƚĞŵƉŽƐ W/dK͕ŶĂĞƐĐĂĚĂ͕ĚĞŶƚƌŽ–ĄůŝĐĞŶĕĂ͍
ĐƌŽŶŽůſŐŝĐŽ Ğ ƉƐŝĐŽůſŐŝĐŽ͕ ĚĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ DZ/Kd͕ĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚĂ–ŽĐĂƉŝƚĆŽŵďƌſƐŝŽ͊
ǀŽǌĞƐŶŽƚĞǆƚŽ;ĚŽŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ĚĞƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ;WĂƌĂ&ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ͗ͿsĄͲƐĞĞŵďŽƌĂ͕ǀĄͲƐĞĞŵďŽƌĂ͊
Ğŵ ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽ ĚŝƌĞƚŽ͕ ŝŶĚŝƌĞƚŽ Ğ ŝŶĚŝƌĞƚŽ ůŝǀƌĞͿ͕ ;sĂŝƉĂƌĂĚĞŶƚƌŽ͕ĐŽƌƌĞŶĚŽ͘Ϳ
ĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂ͕ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ Ğ &h^d/EKůĞǀĂŶƚĂͲƐĞĞǀĂŝĂƚƌĄƐĚĞůĂ–ŶƚĆŽ͕
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐ ĐŽŶŽƚĂƚŝǀĂƐ Ğ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ Ž ƋƵĞĠŝƐƐŽ͍͘͘͘ĞŝǆŽƵͲŵĞ͊͘͘͘&ŽŝͲƐĞ͊͘͘͘ĞƐƚĂ͊͘͘͘
ĨŝŐƵƌĂƚŝǀŽƐ Ğ ĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐŽͲ YƵĞ ĨĂƌĞŝ͍͘͘͘ ;ŶĚĂ ĂŽ ƌĞĚŽƌ ĚĂ ƐĂůĂ ĐŽŵŽ
ŐƌĂŵĂƚŝĐĂŝƐƉƌſƉƌŝŽƐĂĐĂĚĂŐġŶĞƌŽŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ͘ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŶĚŽĂŽŶĚĞĞƐĐŽŶĚĞƌͲƐĞ͘ͿEĆŽƐĞŝŽŶĚĞ
ĞƐĐŽŶĚĞƌͲŵĞ͘͘͘
dydKddZ> ;sĂŝĞƐƉŝĂƌăƉŽƌƚĂ͕ĞĚĂşĐŽƌƌĞƉĂƌĂĂũĂŶĞůĂ͘Ϳ
sŽůƚŽƵ͕ Ğ ĞƐƚĄ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂŶĚŽ ă ƉŽƌƚĂ ĐŽŵ Ƶŵ
KďƐĞƌǀĞŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ ƐƵũĞŝƚŽ͖ ŵĂƐ ĚĞĐĞƌƚŽŶĆŽ ĚĞŝǆĂ ĚĞĞŶƚƌĂƌ͘ ŵ
ďŽĂƐĞƐƚŽƵŵĞƚŝĚŽ͕ĞĚĂƋƵŝŶĆŽ͘͘͘;ŽƌƌĞƉĂƌĂŽ
K:ƵĚĂƐĞŵ^ĄďĂĚŽĚĞůĞůƵŝĂ ũƵĚĂƐ͕ĚĞƐƉĞͲůŚĞĂĐĂƐĂĐĂĞŽĐŽůĞƚĞ͕ƚŝƌĂͲůŚĞĂƐ
DĂƌƚŝŶƐWĞŶĂ ďŽƚĂƐĞŽĐŚĂƉĠƵĞĂƌƌĂŶĐĂͲůŚĞŽƐďŝŐŽĚĞƐ͘ͿK
ƋƵĞŵĞƉŝůŚĂƌƚĞŵƚĂůĞŶƚŽ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞŵĂŝƐƚĞŶŚŽ
΀͘͘͘΁ ĞƵ͘;sĞƐƚĞŽĐŽůĞƚĞĞĐĂƐĂĐĂƐŽďƌĞĂƐƵĂƉƌſƉƌŝĂ
ĞŶĂ/s ƌŽƵƉĂ͕ĐĂůĕĂĂƐďŽƚĂƐ͕ƉƁĞŽĐŚĂƉĠƵĂƌŵĂĚŽĞ
&h^d/EK–DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͘͘͘ ĂƌƌĂŶũĂŽƐďŝŐŽĚĞƐ͘&ĞŝƚŽŝƐƐŽ͕ĞƐĐŽŶĚĞŽĐŽƌƉŽ
DZ/Kd–&ƵŝďĞŵĚĞƐŐƌĂĕĂĚĂĞŵĚĂƌŵĞƵ ĚŽũƵĚĂƐĞŵƵŵĂĚĂƐŐĂǀĞƚĂƐĚĂĐƀŵŽĚĂ͕ŽŶĚĞ
ĐŽƌĂĕĆŽĂƵŵŝŶŐƌĂƚŽ͊ ƚĂŵďĠŵĞƐĐŽŶĚĞŽƉƌſƉƌŝŽĐŚĂƉĠƵ͕ĞƚŽŵĂŽ
&h^d/EK͕ĞŶƚĞƌŶĞĐŝĚŽ–DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͊ ůƵŐĂƌĚŽ ũƵĚĂƐ͘Ϳ ŐŽƌĂ ƉŽĚĞ ǀŝƌ͘͘͘ ;ĂƚĞŵ͘Ϳ ŝͲ
DZ/Kd–^ĞĞƵƉƵĚĞƐƐĞĂƌƌĂŶĐĂƌĚŽƉĞŝƚŽ ůŽ͊;ĂƚĞŵ͘ͿşǀĞŵ͊
ĞƐƚĂƉĂŝǆĆŽ͘͘͘
&h^d/EK – DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͕ ĞŝƐͲŵĞ Ă ƚĞƵƐ ƉĠƐ͊ ĞŶĂs
;ũŽĞůŚĂͲƐĞ͕ Ğ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĨĂůĂ͕ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ ƌŝͲƐĞ͕ W/dKĞ&h^d/EK͕ŶŽůƵŐĂƌĚŽũƵĚĂƐ͘
ƐĞŵ ƋƵĞ ĞůĞ ǀĞũĂ͘Ϳ EĞĐĞƐƐŝƚŽ ĚĞ ƚŽĚĂ Ă ƚƵĂ W/dK͕ ĞŶƚƌĂŶĚŽ – EĆŽ ŚĄ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ Ğŵ
ďŽŶĚĂĚĞƉĂƌĂƐĞƌƉĞƌĚŽĂĚŽ͊ ĐĂƐĂ͍ KƵ ĞƐƚĆŽ ƚŽĚŽƐ ƐƵƌĚŽƐ͍ :Ą ďĂƚŝ ƉĂůŵĂƐ
DZ/Kd–ĞŝǆĞͲŵĞ͘ ĚƵĂƐǀĞǌĞƐ͕ĞŶĂĚĂĚĞŶŽǀŽ͊;dŝƌĂĂďĂƌƌĞƚŝŶĂĞ
&h^d/EK – YƵĞƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ŵŽƌƌĂ Ă ƚĞƵƐ ƉĠƐ͍ ĂƉƁĞƐŽďƌĞĂŵĞƐĂ͕ĞĂƐƐĞŶƚĂͲƐĞŶĂĐĂĚĞŝƌĂ͘Ϳ
;ĂƚĞŵƉĂůŵĂƐŶĂĞƐĐĂĚĂ͘Ϳ ƐƉĞƌĂƌĞŝ͘;KůŚĂĂŽƌĞĚŽƌĚĞƐŝ͕ĚĄĐŽŵŽƐŽůŚŽƐ

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ŶŽ ũƵĚĂƐ͖ ƐƵƉƁĞ ă ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ǀŝƐƚĂ ƐĞƌ Ƶŵ DZ/Kd–^ŝŵ͘

ŚŽŵĞŵ͕ĞůĞǀĂŶƚĂͲƐĞƌĂƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ͿYƵĞŵĠ͍ W/dK–ĠƚĂŵďĠŵƉŽƌŵŝŶŚĂĐĂƵƐĂƋƵĞ
;ZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŶĚŽƋƵĞĠƵŵũƵĚĂƐ͗ͿKƌĂ͕ŽƌĂ͕ŽƌĂ͊ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŽŐĂƚŽ͍
ŶĆŽŵĞĞŶŐĂŶĞŝĐŽŵŽũƵĚĂƐ͕ƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽƋƵĞ DZ/Kd–͕Ɛŝŵ͊
ĞƌĂƵŵŚŽŵĞŵ͍KŚ͕ŽŚ͕ĞƐƚĄƵŵĨŝŐƵƌĆŽ͊Ž W/dK–ƐƐĂĂŐŽƌĂĠŵĞůŚŽƌ͊ǆƉůŝƋƵĞͲƐĞ͘͘͘
ŵĂŝƐĠƋƵĞĞƐƚĄƚĆŽďĞŵĨĞŝƚŽƋƵĞƉĂƌĞĐĞǀŝǀŽ͘ DZ/Kd͕ăƉĂƌƚĞ–ŵƋƵĞŵĞĨƵŝĞƵŵĞƚĞƌ͊
;ƐƐĞŶƚĂͲƐĞ͘Ϳ ŽŶĚĞ ĞƐƚĄ ĞƐƚĂ ŐĞŶƚĞ͍ WƌĞĐŝƐŽ KƋƵĞůŚĞŚĞŝĚĞĚŝǌĞƌ͍
ĨĂůĂƌĐŽŵŽĐĂďŽ:ŽƐĠWŝŵĞŶƚĂĞ͘͘͘ǀĞƌĂĨŝůŚĂ͘ W/dK–ŶƚĆŽ͍
EĆŽƐĞƌŝĂŵĂƵƋƵĞĞůĞ΀ŶĆŽ΁ĞƐƚŝǀĞƐƐĞĞŵĐĂƐĂ͖ DZ/Kd–>ĞŵďƌĂͲƐĞ͘͘͘
ĚĞƐĞũŽƚĞƌĐĞƌƚĂƐĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐĐŽŵĂDĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͘ W/dK–ĞƋƵġ͍
;ƋƵŝ ĂƉĂƌĞĐĞ ŶĂ ƉŽƌƚĂ ĚĂ ĚŝƌĞŝƚĂ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͕ DZ/Kd – Ă͘͘͘ ĚĂ͘͘͘ ĚĂƋƵĞůĂ ĐĂƌƚĂ ƋƵĞ
ƋƵĞĞƐƉƌĞŝƚĂ͕ƌĞĐĞŽƐĂ͘KĐĂƉŝƚĆŽĂǀġĞůĞǀĂŶƚĂͲ ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƵͲŵĞ ĂŶƚĞŽŶƚĞŵ͕ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ŵĞ
ƐĞ͘ͿŚ͊ ĂĐŽŶƐĞůŚĂǀĂ ƋƵĞ ĨƵŐŝƐƐĞ ĚĂ ĐĂƐĂ ĚĞ ŵĞƵ ƉĂŝ
ƉĂƌĂĂƐƵĂ͍
ĞŶĂs/ W/dK–ŽƋƵĞƚĞŵ͍
DZ/KdĞŽƐŵĞƐŵŽƐ͘ DZ/Kd – 'ƵĂƌĚĞŝͲĂ ŶĂ ŐĂǀĞƚŝŶŚĂ ĚŽ ŵĞƵ
DZ/Kd͕ ĞŶƚƌĂŶĚŽ͕ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƌĞĐĞŽƐĂ Ğ ĞƐƉĞůŚŽ͕ Ğ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ĚĞŝǆĂƐƐĞ ĂďĞƌƚĂ͕ Ž ŐĂƚŽ͕
ŽůŚĂŶĚŽƉĂƌĂƚŽĚŽƐŽƐůĂĚŽƐ–^ƌ͘ĐĂƉŝƚĆŽ͊ ďƌŝŶĐĂŶĚŽ͕ ƐĂĐŽƵͲŵĞ Ă ĐĂƌƚĂ͖ƉŽƌƋƵĞĞůĞ ƚĞŵ
W/dK͕ĐŚĞŐĂŶĚŽͲƐĞƉĂƌĂĞůĂ–ĞƐĞũĞŝǀĞƌͲ ĞƐƐĞĐŽƐƚƵŵĞ͘͘͘
ƚĞ͕ Ğ Ă ĨŽƌƚƵŶĂ ĂũƵĚŽƵͲŵĞ͘ ;WĞŐĂŶĚŽͲůŚĞ ŶĂ W/dK – KŚ͕ ŵĂƐ ŝƐƐŽ ŶĆŽ Ġ ŐƌĂĕĂ͊
ŵĆŽ͗ͿDĂƐƋƵĞƚĞŶƐ͍ƐƚĄƐƌĞĐĞŽƐĂ͊dĞƵƉĂŝ͍ WƌŽĐƵƌĞŵŽƐŽŐĂƚŽ͘ĐĂƌƚĂĞƐƚĂǀĂĂƐƐŝŶĂĚĂĞ
DZ/Kd͕ƌĞĐĞŽƐĂ–^ĂŝƵ͘ ƉŽĚĞĐŽŵƉƌŽŵĞƚĞƌͲŵĞ͘ĂƷůƚŝŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞƚĂů
W/dK–YƵĞƚĞŵĞƐĞŶƚĆŽ͍ ŵĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞ͊ ;WƵǆĂ Ă ĞƐƉĂĚĂ Ğ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉŝĂ Ă
DZ/KdĂĚŝĂŶƚĂͲƐĞĞĐŽŵŽƋƵĞƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƵŵ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƌŽŐĂƚŽ͘Ϳ
ŽďũĞƚŽĐŽŵŽƐŽůŚŽƐƉĞůŽƐĐĂŶƚŽƐĚĂƐĂůĂ–Ƶ͍ DZ/Kd͕ ă ƉĂƌƚĞ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ž ĐĂƉŝƚĆŽ
EĂĚĂ͘ƐƚŽƵƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŶĚŽŽŐĂƚŽ͘͘͘ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂ–WƵǆĂĂĞƐƉĂĚĂ͊ƐƚŽƵĂƌƌĞƉĞŶĚŝĚĂĚĞ
W/dK͕ůĂƌŐĂŶĚŽͲůŚĞĂŵĆŽ–KŐĂƚŽ͍ƉŽƌ ƚĞƌĚĂĚŽĂĐŽƌĚĂĂĞƐƚĞƚŽůŽ͘;KĐĂƉŝƚĆŽƉƌŽĐƵƌĂ
ĐĂƵƐĂ ĚŽ ŐĂƚŽ ƌĞĐĞďĞͲŵĞ ĐŽŵ ĞƐƚĂ Ž ŐĂƚŽ ĂƚƌĄƐ ĚĞ &ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĄ ŝŵſǀĞů͖
ŝŶĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂ͍ ƉĂƐƐĂƉŽƌĚŝĂŶƚĞĞĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂĂƉƌŽĐƵƌĄͲůŽ͘>ŽŐŽ
DZ/Kd͕ ă ƉĂƌƚĞ – ^ĂŝƵ͘ ;WĂƌĂ Ž ĐĂƉŝƚĆŽ͗Ϳ ƋƵĞ ǀŽůƚĂ ĂƐ ĐŽƐƚĂƐ Ă &ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ͕ ĞƐƚĞ ŵŝĂ͘ K
ŝŶĚĂĞŵĐŝŵĂǌĂŶŐĂͲƐĞĐŽŵŝŐŽ͊WŽƌƐƵĂĐĂƵƐĂ ĐĂƉŝƚĆŽ ǀŽůƚĂ ƉĂƌĂ ƚƌĄƐ ƌĞƉĞŶƚŝŶĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘
ĠƋƵĞĞƵĞƐƚŽƵŶĞƐƚĞƐƐƵƐƚŽƐ͘ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂƐƵƌƉƌĞĞŶĚĞͲƐĞ͘Ϳ
W/dK–WŽƌŵŝŶŚĂĐĂƵƐĂ͍ W/dK–DŝŽƵ͊

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DZ/Kd–DŝŽƵ͍͊ W/dK – ŐŽƌĂ ƋƵĞƌŽ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ĚŝǌĞƌͲƚĞƵŵĂ

W/dK–ƐƚĄƉŽƌĂƋƵŝŵĞƐŵŽ͘;WƌŽĐƵƌĂ͘Ϳ ĐŽŝƐĂ͘ Ƶ ƐƵƉƵƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚĞ ĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽ
DZ/Kd͕ăƉĂƌƚĞ–ƐŝŶŐƵůĂƌ͊ŵĐĂƐĂŶĆŽ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ƉƌĞƚĞǆƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ŶĆŽ ĨĂǌĞƌĞƐ Ž ƋƵĞ ƚĞ
ƚĞŵŽƐŐĂƚŽ͊ ƉĞĚŝĂ͘
W/dK – ƋƵŝ ŶĆŽ ĞƐƚĄ͘ KŶĚĞ͕ ĚŝĂďŽ͕ ƐĞ DZ/Kd–Ś͕ƐƵƉƀƐ͍dĞŵƉĞŶĞƚƌĂĕĆŽ͊
ŵĞƚĞƵ͍ W/dK – ƐĞ ƚĞ ǀĂůŝĂƐ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ƉƌĞƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ġ
DZ/Kd͕ăƉĂƌƚĞ –^ĞŵĚƷǀŝĚĂĠĂůŐƵŵĚĂ ƉŽƌƋƵĞĂŵĂǀĂƐĂ͘͘͘
ǀŝǌŝŶŚĂŶĕĂ͘;WĂƌĂŽĐĂƉŝƚĆŽ͗ͿƐƚĄďŽŵ͕ĚĞŝǆĞ͖ DZ/Kd–ƋƵĞŵ͍ŝŐĂ͊
ĞůĞĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƌĄ͘ W/dK–&ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ͘
W/dK – YƵĞ Ž ůĞǀĞ Ž ĚĞŵŽ͊ ;WĂƌĂ DZ/Kd – &ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ͍ ;Zŝ ăƐ ŐĂƌŐĂůŚĂĚĂƐ͘Ϳ
DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͗ͿDĂƐƉƌŽĐƵƌĞͲŽďĞŵĂƚĠƋƵĞŽĂĐŚĞ͕ Ƶ͍ ŵĂƌ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ƚŽůĞŝƌĆŽ͍ Žŵ ŽůŚŽƐ ĚĞ
ƉĂƌĂ ĂƌƌĂŶĐĂƌͲůŚĞ Ă ĐĂƌƚĂ͘ WŽĚĞŵͲŶĂ ĂĐŚĂƌ͕ Ğ ĞŶĐŚŽǀĂŵŽƌƚĂ͕ĞƉĞƌŶĂƐĚĞĂƌĐŽĚĞƉŝƉĂ͍ƐƚĄ
ŝƐƐŽ ŶĆŽ ŵĞ ĐŽŶǀĠŵ͘ ;ƐƋƵĞĐĞͲƐĞ ĚĞ ŵĂŶŐĂŶĚŽĐŽŵŝŐŽ͘dĞŶŚŽŵĞůŚŽƌŐŽƐƚŽ͘;KůŚĂ
ĞŵďĂŝŶŚĂƌĂĞƐƉĂĚĂ͘Ϳ^ŽďƌĞĞƐƚĂŵĞƐŵĂĐĂƌƚĂ ĐŽŵƚĞƌŶƵƌĂƉĂƌĂŽĐĂƉŝƚĆŽ͘Ϳ
ĚĞƐĞũĂǀĂĞƵĨĂůĂƌͲƚĞ͘ W/dK͕ ƐƵƐƉŝƌĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŵ ƉƌĂǌĞƌ – Ś͕ ƋƵĞ
DZ/Kd–ZĞĐĞďĞƵŵŝŶŚĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͍ ŽůŚŽƐ ŵĂƚĂĚŽƌĞƐ͊ ;ƵƌĂŶƚĞ ĞƐƚĞ ĚŝĄůŽŐŽ
W/dK – ZĞĐĞďŝ͕ Ğ Ă ƚĞŶŚŽ ĂƋƵŝ ĐŽŵŝŐŽ͘ &ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽĞƐƚĄŝŶƋƵŝĞƚŽŶŽƐĞƵůƵŐĂƌ͘Ϳ
DĂŶĚĂƐƚĞͲŵĞĚŝǌĞƌƋƵĞĞƐƚĂǀĂƐƉƌŽŶƚĂĂĨƵŐŝƌ DZ/Kd – K &ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ ƐĞƌǀĞͲŵĞ ĚĞ
ƉĂƌĂŵŝŶŚĂĐĂƐĂ͖ŵĂƐƋƵĞĞƐƉĞƌĂǀĂƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ĚŝǀĞƌƚŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ Ğ ƐĞ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ ůŚĞ ĚŽƵ
ƉŽĚĞƌ ĂƌƌĂŶũĂƌ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽ ĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽ ƋƵĞ ƚĞƵ ƉĂŝ ĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ͕ Ġ ƉĂƌĂ ŵĞůŚŽƌ ŽĐƵůƚĂƌ Ž ĂŵŽƌ ƋƵĞ
ĞƐƚĄ ĂũƵŶƚĂŶĚŽ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ƚĞ ƐĂĨĂƌĞƐ ĐŽŵ ĞůĞ͘ /ƐƚŽ ƐŝŶƚŽ ƉŽƌ ŽƵƚƌŽ͘ ;KůŚĂ ĐŽŵ ƚĞƌŶƵƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ž
ŶĆŽŵĞĐŽŶǀĠŵ͘EĆŽĞƐƚĄŶŽƐŵĞƵƐƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽƐ͘ ĐĂƉŝƚĆŽ͘ƋƵŝĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŶĂƉŽƌƚĂĚŽĨƵŶĚŽ:ŽƐĠ
hŵ ŵŽĕŽ ƉŽĚĞ ƌŽƵďĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŵŽĕĂ – Ġ ƵŵĂ WŝŵĞŶƚĂ͘sĞŶĚŽŽĐĂƉŝƚĆŽĐŽŵĂĨŝůŚĂ͕ƉĂƌĂĞ
ƌĂƉĂǌŝĂĚĂ͖ŵĂƐĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽĠƵŵĂĂĕĆŽŝŶĨĂŵĞ͊ ĞƐĐƵƚĂ͘Ϳ
DZ/Kd͕ăƉĂƌƚĞ–dŽůŽ͊ W/dK – Ƶ ƚĞ ĐƌĞŝŽ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ƚĞƵƐ ŽůŚŽƐ
W/dK–ƐƉĞƌŽƋƵĞŶĆŽƉĞŶƐĞƐŵĂŝƐŶŝƐƐŽ͕ ĐŽŶĨŝƌŵĂŵ ƚƵĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͘ ;'ĞƐƚŝĐƵůĂ ĐŽŵ
ĞƋƵĞĨĂƌĄƐƐŽŵĞŶƚĞŽƋƵĞƚĞĞƵƉĞĕŽ͘^ŝŵ͍ ĞŶƚƵƐŝĂƐŵŽ͕ ďƌĂŶĚŝŶĚŽ Ă ĞƐƉĂĚĂ͘Ϳ dĞƌĄƐ
DZ/Kd͕ăƉĂƌƚĞ–WĂƚĞƚĂ͕ƋƵĞŶĆŽƉĞƌĐĞďĞ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ Ğŵ ŵŝŵ Ƶŵ ĂƌƌŝŵŽ͕ Ğ Ƶŵ ĚĞĨĞŶƐŽƌ͊
ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ƉƌĞƚĞǆƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ůŚĞ ŶĆŽ ĚŝǌĞƌ ƋƵĞ ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽĞƵĨŽƌĐĂƉŝƚĆŽĚĂ'ƵĂƌĚĂEĂĐŝŽŶĂůĞ
ŶĆŽ͕ĞƚġͲůŽƐĞŵƉƌĞƉƌĞƐŽ͘ Ž 'ŽǀĞƌŶŽ ƚŝǀĞƌ ĐŽŶĨŝĂŶĕĂ Ğŵ ŵŝŵ͕ ŚĞŝ ĚĞ
W/dK–EĆŽƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƐ͍ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂƌͲƚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ƵŵĂ ƉƌŝŶĐĞƐĂ͘ ;WŝŵĞŶƚĂ
DZ/Kd – WŽŝƐ Ɛŝŵ͘ ; ƉĂƌƚĞ͗Ϳ ƌĂ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ ĚĞƐĂƚĂĂƌŝƌăƐŐĂƌŐĂůŚĂĚĂƐ͘KƐĚŽŝƐǀŽůƚĂŵͲƐĞ
ƋƵĞĞƵĨŽƐƐĞƚŽůĂ͘^ĞĞƵĨƵŐŝƌ͕ĞůĞŶĆŽƐĞĐĂƐĂ͘ ƐƵƌƉƌĞĞŶĚŝĚŽƐ͘WŝŵĞŶƚĂĐĂŵŝŶŚĂƉĂƌĂĂĨƌĞŶƚĞ͕

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ƌŝŶĚŽͲƐĞƐĞŵƉƌĞ͘KĐĂƉŝƚĆŽĨŝĐĂĞŶĨŝĂĚŽĞĐŽŵ ĐŽŶƐŽŶąŶĐŝĂĐŽŵŽƵƚƌŽƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐƋƵĞƚĞŶĚĞŵ
Ă ĞƐƉĂĚĂ ůĞǀĂŶƚĂĚĂ͘ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͕ ƚƵƌďĂĚĂ͕ ŶĆŽ Ă ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂƌ ĂŝŶĚĂ ŵĂŝƐ Ă ŵŽĚĂůŝĚĂĚĞ Ğŵ
ƐĂďĞĐŽŵŽƚŽŵĂƌĂŚŝůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƉĂŝ͘Ϳ ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƉĂƵƐĂƐ͕ ŵşŵŝĐĂ͕ ƐŽŶŽƉůĂƐƚŝĂ͕
΀͘͘͘΁ ŐĞƐƚŽƐ Ğ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ůŝŐĂĚŽƐ ă ƉŽƐƚƵƌĂ
DĂƌƚŝŶƐ WĞŶĂ͘ ŽŵĠĚŝĂƐ͘ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ͗ tD& DĂƌƚŝŶƐ ĐŽƌƉŽƌĂů͘
&ŽŶƚĞƐ͕ϮϬϬϳ͘
ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ĚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ ĚŝĨĞƌĞͲƐĞ ĚĂƋƵĞůĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵşĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ ĚĂ
ŚƚƚƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐ͘ƐĞĞĚ͘Ɖƌ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬĂƌƋƵŝǀŽƐͬ&ŝůĞͬůĞ
ŝƚͺŽŶůŝŶĞͬŵĂƌƚŝŶƐͺƉĞŶĂϰ͘ƉĚĨĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϭϲĚĞŶŽǀ͘ĚĞ ĨŝĐĕĆŽ͕ ůŝŐĂĚŽ ă ĚƵƌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĞƐƉĞƚĄĐƵůŽ͕
ϮϬϮϮ͘
ĐŽŝŶĐŝĚĞĐŽŵŽƚĞŵƉŽĚĂƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ͘KƵƚƌŽ
ƉŽŶƚŽ ĨĂǌ ƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ ĂŽ ƚĂŵĂŶŚŽ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ Ă
KƚĞǆƚŽƋƵĞĂĐĂďĂŵŽƐĚĞůĞƌĠƵŵƚƌĞĐŚŽĚĞ ƉĞĕĂ ƐĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ĚĞŵĂƌĐĂĚĂ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ ƐĞ
ƵŵĂƉĞĕĂƚĞĂƚƌĂů͊ ŵƵŝƚŽĞǆƚĞŶƐĂ͕ĐŽƐƚƵŵĂƐĞƌĚŝǀŝĚŝĚĂĞŵƉĂƌƚĞƐ͕
/ŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐƐŽďƌĞŽƚĞǆƚŽƚĞĂƚƌĂů ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂƐĂƚŽƐ͕ ŽƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ
KƚĞǆƚŽƚĞĂƚƌĂůĂƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂͲƐĞĂŽŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ ƐƵďĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽƐĞŵĐĞŶĂƐ͘
ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ăƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ƵŵĂ ǀĞǌ ƋƵĞ Ɛ ƌƵďƌŝĐĂƐ͕ ĚĞŵĂƌĐĂĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ
ƐĞĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĚĞĨĂƚŽƐ͕ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐĞŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ;Ž ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐƋƵĞŶŽƚĞǆƚŽĞƐĐƌŝƚŽĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŵĞŵ
ĞŶƌĞĚŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽͿ͕ƋƵĞƐĞŵƉƌĞŽĐŽƌƌĞĞŵ ĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ͕ĞŵŝƚĄůŝĐŽ͕ŽƵĞŶƚƌĞƉĂƌġŶƚĞƐĞƐ͕ƉŽƌ
Ƶŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ůƵŐĂƌ͕ ĚŝƐƉŽƐƚŽƐ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ĂƚƵĂŵ ĐŽŵŽ ŝŶĚŝĐĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ
ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂůŝŶĞĂƌƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƉĞůĂŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ŽƌŝĞŶƚĂŵ Ž ĚŝƌĞƚŽƌ Ğ ŽƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ĂĐĞƌĐĂ
;ŽƵ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽͿ͕ ĐŽŵƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͕ ĐůşŵĂǆ Ğ ĚĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƌĞůĂƚŝǀĂƐ ĂŽ ĐĞŶĄƌŝŽ͕ ďĞŵ
ĚĞƐĨĞĐŚŽ͘ ĐŽŵŽ ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ŵŽĚŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĐĞĚĞƌ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ Ğŵ Ɛŝ Ġ ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽƐ ĂƚŽƌĞƐ ŵĞƐŵŽƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͘ ŶƚĞƐ ĚĞůĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ
ƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚŽĚŝĄůŽŐŽ͕ŶŽƋƵĂůŽŽďũĞƚŝǀŽŵĂŝŽƌ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĐŽŶƐƚĂƚĂƌŶŽ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽĚĞ ƵŵĂ ƉĞĕĂ
ƉĂƵƚĂͲƐĞƉŽƌƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌƵŵĂĞĨĞƚŝǀĂŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů ;ĂĐŝŵĂ
ĐŽŵ Ž ƉƷďůŝĐŽ ĞǆƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌ͕Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ƌĂǌĆŽ Ğ ĐŝƚĂĚĂͿ͕ĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŽŶŽŵĞĚĂƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͘
ĞŵŽĕĆŽ ƐĞĨƵŶĚĞŵ Ă ƚŽĚŽŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ͕ EŽ ŝŶƚƵŝƚŽ ĚĞ ĂƉůŝĐĂƌŵŽƐ ƚŽĚŽƐ ĞƐƚĞƐ
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽƉƌĂǌĞƌĞĞŶƚƌĞƚĞŶŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘ ƉƌĞƐƐƵƉŽƐƚŽƐƚĞſƌŝĐŽƐ ăƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ͕ ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌĞŵŽƐ
WĞůŽ ĨĂƚŽ ĚĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů ƐĞƌ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽĂĐŝŵĂ͕ĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂƉĞĕĂK:ƵĚĂƐĞŵ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ Ğ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŶƚĂĚŽ͕ ĞůĞ ĚŝƐƉĞŶƐĂ Ă ^ĄďĂĚŽĚĞůĞůƵŝĂ͕ĚĞDĂƌƚŝŶƐWĞŶĂ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ĚŽ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ĐŽŵŽ
ĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ ŵĞŶĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ͕ ŽƐ ĂƚŽƌĞƐ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƌĞĚĂĐĂŽͬŽͲƚĞǆƚŽͲ
ĂƐƐƵŵĞŵƵŵƉĂƉĞůĚĞĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞŶŽƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů͘ŚƚŵĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϬϴŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϭ͘;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ͘
ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĚŽƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĞƵŵĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽĚŝƌĞƚŽĞŵ

143
;Ϳ'ġŶĞƌŽƚĞǆƚƵĂůĚŝŐŝƚĂů͘
WĂƌĂƐĂďĞƌŵĂŝƐƐŽďƌĞŽĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ͕ĂƐƐŝƐƚĂĂŽǀşĚĞŽ͗
dĞǆƚŽdĞĂƚƌĂů– ƌĂƐŝůƐĐŽůĂ͕ŶŽƐŝƚĞ͗
;Ϳ'ġŶĞƌŽƚĞǆƚƵĂůĚŽƚŝƉŽĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚĂƚŝǀŽ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǇŽƵƚƵ͘ďĞͬ'ŵWDϵƐŚ/
;Ϳ'ġŶĞƌŽƚĞǆƚƵĂůĚŽƚŝƉŽŝŶũƵŶƚŝǀŽ͘
WĂƌĂƐĂďĞƌŵĂŝƐƐŽďƌĞŽĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ͕ĂƐƐŝƐƚĂĂŽǀşĚĞŽ͗
dĞǆƚŽdĞĂƚƌĂů– ƌĂƐŝůƐĐŽůĂ͕ŶŽƐŝƚĞ͗ ;Ϳ'ġŶĞƌŽƚĞǆƚƵĂůĚƌĂŵĄƚŝĐŽ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǇŽƵƚƵ͘ďĞͬ'ŵWDϵƐŚ/
ϱ͘ sŽĐġ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ůĞƌ Ă ƉĞĕĂ ƉĞůŽ ĨŝŶĂů ĚĂ
ĐĞŶĂ /s͘ ƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ ĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ Ž ŝŶşĐŝŽ ĚĂ
ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂĞŶƚƌĞ&ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽĞDĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͕ĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞů
ƐƵƉŽƌĂůŐƵŵĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐ͘
ϭ͘ ƉſƐ Ă ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ K :Ƶŝǌ ĚĞ WĂǌ ĚĂ
;Ϳ YƵĞůŝŐĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĞĐĞŚĂǀĞƌĞŶƚƌĞĂŵďŽƐ͍
ZŽĕĂ͕ĚĞDĂƌƚŝŶƐWĞŶĂ͕ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ƋƵĞ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŵ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ;Ϳ YƵĞƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽĐĂĚĂƵŵĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƉĂƌĂŽ
ƚĞĂƚƌĂů͘ ŽƵƚƌŽ͍
;Ϳ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ ƉĂƌĞĐĞ ƐŝŶĐĞƌĂ ŶĂ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ
ƐĞƵƐ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͍ ŵ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ďĂƐĞŝĂ ƐƵĂ
ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ
Ϯ͘ YƵĂů ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ŶŽƚĂĚĂ ŶĂ
ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƚĞǆƚŽ ĚƌĂŵĄƚŝĐŽ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ϲ͘ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ ĨŝĐĂ ĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚĂ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ďĂƚĞŵ ă
ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĚŽ Ă ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ Ğŵ ƉƌŽƐĂ͕ ŶĂ ƚŝƉŽůŽŐŝĂ ƉŽƌƚĂ͘
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͍
;Ϳ YƵĞĂƚŝƚƵĚĞĞůĂƚŽŵĂ͍
;Ϳ ƐƐĂ ĂƚŝƚƵĚĞ ƐŽĂ ǀĞƌŽƐƐşŵŝů ĂŽ ƉƷďůŝĐŽ͍
ǆƉůŝƋƵĞƐƵĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͘
;Ϳ YƵĞ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ĚĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĞƐƐĂ
ϯ͘ YƵĂŶƚĂƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ĐŽŵƉƁĞŵ ĂƐ ĐĞŶĂƐ
ƌĞĂĕĆŽ͍
ƚĞĂƚƌĂŝƐůŝĚĂƐĞƋƵĂŝƐƐĆŽĞůĂƐ͍
ϳ͘ WŽƌ ƋƵĞ &ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ Ġ ůĞǀĂĚŽ Ă ĞƐĐŽŶĚĞƌͲƐĞ͕
ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽͲƐĞƉĂƐƐĂƌƉĞůŽďŽŶĞĐŽĚĞũƵĚĂƐ͕ĞŶĆŽ
ĂŝƌĞŵďŽƌĂ͍
;ͿWŽƌƋƵĞŽĂƉŝƚĆŽĞƐƚĄŶĂƉŽƌƚĂĞĞůĞŶĆŽ
ϰ͘ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĂƋƵĞŐġŶĞƌŽƚĞǆƚƵĂůƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞĂ
ƚĞŵĐŽŵŽƐĂŝƌƐĞŵƐĞƌǀŝƐƚŽ͘
ƉĞĕĂƚĞĂƚƌĂůK:ƵŝǌĚĞWĂǌĚĂZŽĕĂ Ͳ DĂƌƚŝŶƐ
WĞŶĂ͘

144
;ͿWŽƌƋƵĞƋƵĞƌƐĂďĞƌƐŽďƌĞĂĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂĞŶƚƌĞ KƵƚŽĚĂŽŵƉĂĚĞĐŝĚĂ
DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂĞŽĂƉŝƚĆŽ͘
΀͘͘͘΁
;Ϳ WŽƌƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ĂĐĞŝƚĂ ƐĞƌ ƌĞũĞŝƚĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ
:ŽĆŽ'ƌŝůŽ͗YƵĞŝƐƐŽ
DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͘
ŚŝĐſ͍ ;WĂƐƐĂ Ž
;ͿWŽƌƋƵĞĚĞƐĞũĂƐĞƌĞǀĞůĂƌƉĂƌĂŽĂƉŝƚĆŽĞ ĚĞĚŽ ŶĂ ŐĂƌŐĂŶƚĂͿ͘
ďƌŝŐĂƌƉĞůŽĂŵŽƌĚĞDĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͘ :ĄĞƐƚŽƵĨŝĐĂŶĚŽƉŽƌ
ĂƋƵŝ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂƐ
ϴ͘ ŽƌĞƚŽƌŶĂƌăƐĂůĂ͕ƐĞŵƐĂďĞƌƐĞ&ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽĨŽŝ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ͘ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ
ŽƵŶĆŽĞŵďŽƌĂ͕DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂĞƐƚĄƌĞĐĞŽƐĂ͘
ƵŵĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ ƚŽĚĂ
;ͿYƵĞ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƉĂƌĞĐĞ ŚĂǀĞƌ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĞƐƋƵŝƐŝƚĂ͘ YƵĂŶĚŽ ƐĞ ƉĞĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͕
ĞůĂ Ğ Ž ĂƉŝƚĆŽ͍ YƵĞ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ vem sempre com “não sei, só sei que foi
ĐŽŵƉƌŽǀĂŵƐƵĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͍ assim”.
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŚŝĐſ͗ DĂƐ ƐĞ ĞƵ ƚŝǀĞ ŵĞƐŵŽ Ž ĐĂǀĂůŽ͕ ŵĞƵ

ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĨŝůŚŽ͕ŽƋƵĞĠƋƵĞĞƵǀŽƵĨĂǌĞƌ͍sŽƵŵĞŶƚŝƌ͕
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚŝǌĞƌƋƵĞŶĆŽƚŝǀĞ͍
;ͿWŽƌƋƵĞDĂƌŝĐŽƚĂĚŝǌĂŽĂƉŝƚĆŽƋƵĞĞƐƚĂǀĂ :ŽĆŽ'ƌŝůŽ͗sŽĐġǀĞŵĐŽŵƵŵĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĚĞƐƐĂƐ
ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŶĚŽŽŐĂƚŽ͍ ĞĚĞƉŽŝƐƐĞƋƵĞŝǆĂƋƵĂŶĚŽŽƉŽǀŽĚŝǌƋƵĞǀŽĐġ
ĠƐĞŵĐŽŶĨŝĂŶĕĂ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŚŝĐſ͗ Ƶ ƐĞŵ ĐŽŶĨŝĂŶĕĂ͍ ŶƚƀŶŝŽ DĂƌƚŝŶŚŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞƐƚĄĂşƉĂƌĂĚĂƌĂƐƉƌŽǀĂƐĚŽƋƵĞĞƵĚŝŐŽ͘
ϵ͘ ĂŵĞƐŵĂĨŽƌŵĂƋƵĞŽĐƵůƚĂƐƵĂƐŝŶƚĞŶĕƁĞƐ :ŽĆŽ 'ƌŝůŽ͗ ŶƚƀŶŝŽ DĂƌƚŝŶŚŽ͍ &Ăǌ ƚƌġƐ ĂŶŽƐ

ĚĞ &ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ͕ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĂƐ ŽĐƵůƚĂ ĚŽ ƋƵĞĞůĞŵŽƌƌĞƵ͘
ĂƉŝƚĆŽ͘ŽŵŽŽƉƷďůŝĐŽƚŽŵĂĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ŚŝĐſ͗DĂƐĞƌĂǀŝǀŽƋƵĂŶĚŽĞƵƚŝŶŚĂŽďŝĐŚŽ͘
ĚŝƐƐŽ͍
:ŽĆŽ 'ƌŝůŽ͗ YƵĂŶĚŽ ǀŽĐġ ƚĞǀĞ Ž ďŝĐŚŽ͍ ĨŽŝ
ǀŽĐġƋƵĞƉĂƌŝƵŽĐĂǀĂůŽ͕ŚŝĐſ͍
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŚŝĐſ͗ƵŶĆŽ͘DĂƐĚŽũĞŝƚŽƋƵĞĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐǀĆŽ
ŶĆŽŵĞĂĚŵŝƌŽŵĂŝƐĚĞŶĂĚĂ͘EŽŵġƐƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ
>ĞŝĂ Ž ĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ƵƚŽ ĚĂ ŽŵƉĂĚĞĐŝĚĂ͕
ƵŵĂ ŵƵůŚĞƌ ƉĂƌŝƵ Ƶŵ͕ ŶĂ ƐĞƌƌĂ ĚŽ ƌĂƌŝƉĞ͕
ĚĞƌŝĂŶŽ^ƵĂƐƐƵŶĂ͗
ƉĂƌĂŽƐůĂĚŽƐĚŽĞĂƌĄ͘

145
:ŽĆŽ'ƌŝůŽ͗/ƐƐŽĠĐŽŝƐĂĚĂƐĞĐĂ͘ĐĂďĂŶŝƐƐŽ͕ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ Ğ ĞůĞ ŵĞ ĚŝƐƐĞ ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ WƌŽƉƌŝĄ͕ ĚĞ

ĞƐƐĂ ĨŽŵĞ͗ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ ƉŽĚĞ ƚĞƌ ŵĞŶŝŶŽ Ğ ŚĂũĂ ^ĞƌŐŝƉĞ͘
ĐĂǀĂůŽŶŽŵƵŶĚŽ͘ĐŽŵŝĚĂĠŵĂŝƐďĂƌĂƚĂĞĠ
:ŽĆŽ'ƌŝůŽ͗^ĞƌŐŝƉĞ͕ŚŝĐſ͍
ĐŽŝƐĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƉŽĚĞ ǀĞŶĚĞƌ͘ DĂƐ ƐĞƵ ĐĂǀĂůŽ͕
ĐŽŵŽĨŽŝ͍ ŚŝĐſ͗^ĞƌŐŝƉĞ͕:ŽĆŽ΀͘͘͘΁ĞƵƚŝŶŚĂĐŽƌƌŝĚŽĂƚĠůĄ
ŶŽŵĞƵĐĂǀĂůŽ͘^ſƐĞŶĚŽďĞŶƚŽŵĞƐŵŽ͊
ŚŝĐſ͗&ŽŝƵŵĂǀĞůŚĂƋƵĞŵĞǀĞŶĚĞƵďĂƌĂƚŽ͕
ƉŽƌƋƵĞŝĂƐĞŵƵĚĂƌ͕ŵĂƐƌĞĐŽŵĞŶĚŽƵƚŽĚŽŽ :ŽĆŽ'ƌŝůŽ͗DĂƐ͕ŚŝĐſ͕ĞŽƌŝŽ^ĆŽ&ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽ͍
ĐƵŝĚĂĚŽƉŽƌƋƵĞŽĐĂǀĂůŽĞƌĂďĞŶƚŽ͘ƐſƉŽĚŝĂ
ŚŝĐſ͗ ^ſ ƉŽĚŝĂ ĞƐƚĂƌ ƐĞĐŽ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƚĞŵƉŽ͕
ƐĞƌŵĞƐŵŽ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞĐĂǀĂůŽďŽŵĐŽŵŽĂƋƵĞůĞ
ƉŽƌƋƵĞŶĆŽůĞŵďƌŽƋƵĂŶĚŽƉĂƐƐĞŝ΀͘͘͘΁ŶĞƐƐĞ
ĞƵŶƵŶĐĂƚŝŶŚĂǀŝƐƚŽ͘hŵĂǀĞǌĐŽƌƌĞŵŽƐĂƚƌĄƐ
ƚĞŵƉŽƚŽĚŽŽĐĂǀĂůŽĂůŝĐŽŵŝŐŽ͕ƐĞŵƌĞĐůĂŵĂƌ
ĚĞƵŵĂŐĂƌƌŽƚĂ͕ĚĂƐƐĞŝƐĚĂŵĂŶŚĆĂƚĠĂƐƐĞŝƐ
ŶĂĚĂ͘
ĚĂƚĂƌĚĞ͕ƐĞŵƉĂƌĂƌŶĞŵƉŽƌƵŵŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ͕ĞƵ
ĂĐĂǀĂůŽ͕ĞůĞĂƉĠ͘&ƵŝĚĞƌƌƵďĂƌĂŶŽǀŝůŚĂũĄĚĞ :ŽĆŽ'ƌŝůŽ͗ƵŵĞĂĚŵŝƌĂǀĂĞƌĂƐĞƌĞĐůĂŵĂƐƐĞ͘
ŶŽŝƚŝŶŚĂ͕ ŵĂƐ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĂĐĂďĞŝ Ž ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽ Ğ

΀͘͘͘΁
ĞŶĐŚŽĐĂůŚĞŝ Ă ƌġƐ͕ ŽůŚĞŝ ĂŽ ƌĞĚŽƌ͕ Ğ ŶĆŽ
^h^^hE͕ ƌŝĂŶŽ͘ƵƚŽĚĂ ŽŵƉĂĚĞĐŝĚĂ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĂ Ž ůƵŐĂƌ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĄǀĂŵŽƐ͘dŽŵĞŝƵŵĂ
Őŝƌ͕ϮϬϬϱ͘
ǀĞƌĞĚĂƋƵĞŚĂǀŝĂĂƐƐŝŵĞƐĂşƚĂŶŐĞŶĚŽŽďŽŝ͘͘͘
:ŽĆŽ'ƌŝůŽ͗KďŽŝ͍EĆŽĞƌĂƵŵĂŐĂƌƌŽƚĂ͍
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŝ͘ƉŝŶŝŵŐ͘ĐŽŵͬϳϯϲǆͬϲϲͬĚďͬϯĨͬϲϲĚďϯĨϲĂϯϮϮďϬϬ
ϯϰϵϳϰϳϵϵĐĐϰďϮϲϴϳϲϱ͘ũƉŐ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ ϭϲ ĚĞ ŶŽǀ͘ ĚĞ
ŚŝĐſ͗hŵĂŐĂƌƌŽƚĂĠƵŵďŽŝ͘ ϮϬϮϮ͘
:ŽĆŽ'ƌŝůŽ͗ǀŽĐġĐŽƌƌŝĂĂƚƌĄƐĚŽƐĚŽŝƐĚĞƵŵĂ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĂĞĚŵŽŽĚůĞ͘ƵĨƉĂ͘ďƌͬƉůƵŐŝŶĨŝůĞ͘ƉŚƉͬϯϲϲϳϬϭͬŵŽ
ǀĞǌ͍ ĚͺƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞͬĐŽŶƚĞŶƚͬϭͬƵƚŽйϮϬĚĂйϮϬŽŵƉĂĚĞĐŝĚĂй
ϮϬͲйϮϬƌŝĂŶŽйϮϬ^ƵĂƐƐƵŶĂ͘ƉĚĨ ;WĄŐ͗ ϮϬ Ă ϮϮͿ ĐĞƐƐŽ
ŚŝĐſ;ŝƌƌŝƚĂĚŽͿ͗ŽƌƌŝĂ͕ĠƉƌŽŝďŝĚŽ͍ ĞŵϭϲĚĞŶŽǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ϭϬ͘ YƵĂů Ġ Ă ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ĚƌĂŵĄƚŝĐŽ

:ŽĆŽ 'ƌŝůŽ͗ EĆŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ĞƵ ŵĞ ĂĚŵŝƌŽ ĞůĞƐ
;ƚĞĂƚƌĂůͿ͍
ĐŽƌƌĞƌĞŵ ƚĂŶƚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ ũƵŶƚŽƐ͕ ƐĞŵ ƐĞ
ĂƉĂƌƚĂƌĞŵ͘ŽŵŽĨŽŝŝƐƐŽ͍ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŚŝĐſ͗ EĆŽ ƐĞŝ͕ Ɛſ ƐĞŝ ƋƵĞ ĨŽŝ ĂƐƐŝŵ͘ ^Ăş
ƚĂŶŐĞŶĚŽ ŽƐ ďŽŝƐ Ğ ĚĞ ƌĞƉĞŶƚĞ ĂǀŝƐƚĞŝ ƵŵĂ
ĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘sŽĐġƐĂďĞƋƵĞĞƵĐŽŵĞĐĞŝĂĐŽƌƌĞƌĚĂ ϭϭ͘ EŽƚĞǆƚŽƚĞĂƚƌĂů͕ĂƐĨĂůĂƐĚŽƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ
ƌŝďĞŝƌĂ ĚŽ dĂƉĞƌŽĄ ŶĂ WĂƌĂşďĂ͘ WŽŝƐ ďĞŵ͕ ŶĂ ĚĞƐĞŵƉĞŶŚĂŵ ƉĂƉĞů ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ŶĂ
ĞŶƚƌĂĚĂĚĂƌƵĂƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĞŝĂƵŵŚŽŵĞŵŽŶĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽĚĂ

146
KďũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ 'ġŶĞƌŽ ƚĞǆƚƵĂů͗
ϭϮ͘ K ƚĞǆƚŽ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů Ġ ĞƐĐƌŝƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞƌ
ŶƷŶĐŝŽ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽ͘ ŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƉĞĕĂƐ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ͘ EĞƐƐĂ ĐĞŶĂ͕ Ă ǀĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ
ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ Ğ ĐƌŝƚŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ Ğŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ăƐ
ůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐĂƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ
ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŶƐ͖ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐŽͲĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŝǀŽƐ͘
;ͿĠƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ͕ĐŽŵƚĞƌŵŽƐƚĠĐŶŝĐŽƐ͘
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗;&ϲϵ>WϬϮͲͿ ŶĂůŝƐĂƌĞĐŽŵƉĂƌĂƌ
;Ϳ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ
ƉĞĕĂƐ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ ǀĂƌŝĂĚĂƐ ;ŽƵƚĚŽŽƌ͕
ƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐ͘
ĂŶƷŶĐŝŽƐĞƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂƐĞŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŵşĚŝĂƐ͕
;Ϳ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ƶŵ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƐƉŽƚƐ͕ďĂŶŶĞƌ͕ũŝŶŐůĞ͕ǀşĚĞŽƐĞƚĐ͘Ϳ͘;&ϲϵ>WϬϮͲ
ƉŽůġŵŝĐŽ͘ Ϳ WĞƌĐĞďĞƌ Ă ĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ƉĞĕĂƐ
ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ Ğŵ ĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂƐ͕ ĂƐ
;ͿŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂ͕ĐŽŵƚĞƌŵŽƐƋƵĞĚĞŝǆĂƌĂŵĚĞƐĞƌ
ĞƐƉĞĐŝĨŝĐŝĚĂĚĞƐĚĂƐǀĄƌŝĂƐƐĞŵŝŽƐĞƐĞŵşĚŝĂƐ͕Ă
ƵƐĂĚŽƐ͘
ĂĚĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĚĞƐƐĂƐƉĞĕĂƐĂŽƉƷďůŝĐŽͲĂůǀŽ͕ĂŽƐ
WZKhKdydh> ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ ĚŽ ĂŶƵŶĐŝĂŶƚĞ ĞͬŽƵ ĚĂ ĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂ͘
>ĞŝĂ Ă ƉĞĕĂ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů ŶĂ şŶƚĞŐƌĂ Ğ ĞƐĐŽůŚĂ ;&ϲϵ>WϬϮͲͿ WĞƌĐĞďĞƌ Ă ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ
ƵŵĂ ĚĂƐ ĐĞŶĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌ͘ &ŽƌŵĞ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂů Ğ Ž ĞƐƚŝůŽ ĚŽƐ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ Ğŵ
ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ĐŽŵ ƐĞƵƐ ĐŽůĞŐĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌ ĞƐƐĂ ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞ ĂŵƉůŝĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ
ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ^Ğ ƉƌĞĨĞƌŝƌ͕ ĞŶĐĞŶĞ Ă ĐĞŶĂ /y͕ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ ;Ğ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽͿ
ĂŶĂůŝƐĂĚĂ͘ ĚĞ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ͘ ;&ϲϵ>WϬϰͲͿ ZĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ ĂƐ

ĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĂƐĚĞƉĞƌƐƵĂƐĆŽĞĂƉĞůŽĂŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ͕
WůĂŶĞũĞ ƐĞƵ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞ ĂƐ
Ğŵ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ Ž ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚŽ ŐġŶĞƌŽ
ůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐŽͲĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŝǀŽƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ
ĚƌĂŵĄƚŝĐŽ͘ƐƐĞĠƵŵƚĞǆƚŽĐƀŵŝĐŽ͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ
ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ͕ ƚĞŵƉŽ ǀĞƌďĂů͕ ũŽŐŽƐ ĚĞ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͕
ĚĞǀĞĨŝĐĂƌĞŶŐƌĂĕĂĚŽ͕ƉƌŽǀŽĐĂƌƌŝƐŽƐ͕ĚŝǀĞƌƚŝƌŽ
ĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ ĚĞ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ ĞƚĐ͕͘ ĐŽŵ ǀŝƐƚĂƐ Ă
ƉƷďůŝĐŽ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞ ƚĂŵďĠŵ Ž ĐĞŶĄƌŝŽ͕ Ž
ĨŽŵĞŶƚĂƌ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ͕
ĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŽ͕ ƋƵĞŵ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌĄ ĐĂĚĂ
ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƌĞƐ ĐƌşƚŝĐŽƐ͕ ƌĞĨůĞǆĆŽ
ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͕ĂƐĨĂůĂƐĚĞĐĂĚĂƵŵ͕ĂƉŽƐƚƵƌĂ͕Ž
ƐŽďƌĞ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝƐŵŽ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ ;&ϲϵ>WϭϳͲ
ƚŽŵĚĞǀŽǌĞďŽŵƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ͊
Ϳ WĞƌĐĞďĞƌĞĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌŽƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐĞƐƚŝůşƐƚŝĐŽƐĞ
ƐĞŵŝſƚŝĐŽƐ ĚŽƐ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ ũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐŽƐ Ğ
ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽƐ͘;&ϲϵ>WϭϳͲͿ WĞƌĐĞďĞƌĞĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌ

147
ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ Ğ ĨƵƚƵƌŽ Ğŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ͕ ƐĆŽ ŝŶĚŝƐƉĞŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ͘ ŶĂůŝƐĞŵŽƐ͕ ƉŽŝƐ͕
ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚĂƚŝǀŽƐ͖ĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽĞŵ ƵŵĐĂƐŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƚŝǀŽ͗
ŐġŶĞƌŽƐƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽƐͿ͘
“Você pode ser algum superͲherói”
dydKWh>//dZ/K
ĂƐƚĂƐĂŝƌŵŽƐƉĞůĂƐƌƵĂƐƋƵĞƚĆŽůŽŐŽŶŽƐ
ĚĞƉĂƌĂŵŽƐ ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂ ŝŶĨŝŶŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĨĂŝǆĂƐ͕
ĐĂƌƚĂǌĞƐ͕ĂŶƷŶĐŝŽƐ͕ŽƵƚĚŽŽƌƐ͘͘͘dŽĚŽƐĞŶǀŽůƚŽƐ
ƉŽƌƵŵƷŶŝĐŽŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ͗ŽĚĞĂƚƌĂŝƌĂĂƚĞŶĕĆŽĚŽ
ůĞŝƚŽƌŵĞĚŝĂŶƚĞŽĂƚŽĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂƚŝǀŽ͘
KĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂͲƐĞĚĞĨŽƌŵĂǀĂƌŝĂĚĂ
– ĚŝǀƵůŐĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĞǀĞŶƚŽ͕ ĐŽŵŽ͕
ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ƵŵƐŚŽǁ͕ƵŵĂĨĞŝƌĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͕ĚĞ
ŵŽĚĂ͕ ĂŶƵŶĐŝĂŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ƉƌŽŵŽĕĆŽ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ
ĂŽ ĐŽŵĠƌĐŝŽ Ğ ůƵĐƌĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĂŶƵŶĐŝĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĂŐĞŶĐŝĂĐƌŝĂƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬďůŽŐͬϭϬͲ
ƉĞĐĂƐͲƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĂƌŝĂƐͲĐƌŝĂƚŝǀĂƐͲƋƵĞͲǀĂŽͲƚĞͲŝŶƐƉŝƌĂƌͲŚŽũĞͬ
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ƋƵĞ ĂĐĂďĂƌĂ ĚĞ ƐĞƌ ůĂŶĕĂĚŽ ŶŽ
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϯĚĞŵĂƌ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ͘ ŶĨŝŵ͕ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ
KďƐĞƌǀĂͲƐĞ Ă ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ĚĞ
ƚƌĂĕĂĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽ ĞŵŝƐƐŽƌ͕ ƚĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ
ƵŵŚĞƌſŝăƋƵĞůĞƋƵĞĚŽĂƐĂŶŐƵĞ͕ƉŽŝƐĠƵŵĂ
ƉĞƌƐƵĂĚŝͲůŽĚĞĂůŐƵŵĂĨŽƌŵĂ͘
ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞ ƐĂůǀĂƌ ǀŝĚĂƐ͘ ƐƐŝŵ͕ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŵŽƐ
ŝĂŶƚĞ ĚĞ ƚĂů ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŝǀĂ͕ Ă
ƋƵĞ Ž ƉŽĚĞƌ ĚĞ ƉĞƌƐƵĂƐĆŽ Ġ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ
ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͕ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĂƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂ ŶĆŽ
ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ĚŽ ďƌĂĕŽ ĨŽƌƚĞ ĚŽ ŚĞƌſŝ
ƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĞƌ ĐůĂƌĂ Ğ ŽďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ ŵĂƐ ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ
ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĚĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ ǀĞƌďĂů͘ hŵ ƚĞǆƚŽ
ĂƚƌĂƚŝǀĂ͘ WĂƌĂ ƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ƚŽƌŶĂͲƐĞ ŝŶĚŝƐƉĞŶƐĄǀĞů Ž
ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ĐŽŵƉŽƐƚŽ ƉŽƌ
ƉƌĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ ŶĆŽͲǀĞƌďĂů͕
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵĞŵ Ž ŐġŶĞƌŽ Ğŵ
ƵŵĂ ǀĞǌ ƋƵĞ ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ ƚĞŶĚĞŵ Ă ƐĞƌ ŵĂŝƐ
ƉĂƵƚĂ͕ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂŵŽƐ͗
ĐŚĂŵĂƚŝǀĂƐĞ͕ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵĞŵ
ƉĂƌĂĂĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƐŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƐ͘ dşƚƵůŽ –ŽŵƉƁĞͲƐĞ ĚĞ ĨƌĂƐĞƐ ĐŽŶĐŝƐĂƐ͕
ĚĞŵĂŝƐ͕ĨĂůĂŶĚŽƐŽďƌĞůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͕ĠĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂů ƉŽƌĠŵĂƚƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ͘
ƋƵĞ ƐĂŝďĂŵŽƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ƶŵ ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽ ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ

/ŵĂŐĞŵ –ZĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ƶŵ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ
ƉĞĐƵůŝĂƌ – Ă ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ĚĞ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ
ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽ͕
ĞƐƚŝůşƐƚŝĐŽƐǀŽůƚĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂĐŽŶŽƚĂĕĆŽ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕
ĚĂĚŽŽƐĞƵĐĂƌĄƚĞƌƉĞƌƐƵĂƐŝǀŽ͘
ƉĂƐƐşǀĞŝƐ ĚĞ ŵƷůƚŝƉůĂƐ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕƁĞƐ͘ ƐƐŝŵ͕
ŵĞƚĄĨŽƌĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ŚŝƉĠƌďŽůĞƐ͕ ĚĞŶƚƌĞ

148
ŽƌƉŽ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ –dƌĂƚĂͲƐĞ ĚŽ ϯ͘ DĞƚŽŶşŵŝĂ͗ĠĂƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚĞƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ

ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ŝĚĞŝĂ Ğŵ Ɛŝ͕ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽƉĂƌƚĞƉĞůŽƚŽĚŽ͕ĂƵƚŽƌƉĞůĂŽďƌĂ͘
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ ŽƐƚƵŵĂǀĂ ůĞƌ ^ŚĂŬĞƐƉĞĂƌĞ͘
ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌĞƐ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ǀŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽ ;ŽƐƚƵŵĂǀĂůĞƌĂƐŽďƌĂƐĚĞ^ŚĂŬĞƐƉĞĂƌĞ͘Ϳ
ƐƵŐĞƐƚŝǀŽĞĂĚĞƋƵĂĚŽĂŽƉƷďůŝĐŽͲĂůǀŽ͘ ϰ͘ ĂƚĂĐƌĞƐĞ͗ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŽĞŵƉƌĞŐŽŝŵƉƌſƉƌŝŽ
ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ƉŽƌ ŶĆŽ ĞǆŝƐƚŝƌ ŽƵƚƌĂ ŵĂŝƐ
/ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ŽƵ ŵĂƌĐĂ
ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂ͘
– ŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝͲƐĞ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĂƐƐŝŶĂƚƵƌĂ ĚŽ ƉƌſƉƌŝŽ
ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ŵďĂƌĐŽƵŚĄƉŽƵĐŽŶŽĂǀŝĆŽ͘
ĂŶƵŶĐŝĂŶƚĞ͕ ƉŽĚĞŶĚŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ŚĂǀĞƌ Ƶŵ
ŵďĂƌĐĂƌ Ġ ĐŽůŽĐĂƌͲƐĞ Ă ďŽƌĚŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ
ƐůŽŐĂŶ – ƵŵĂ ĨƌĂƐĞ ĐƵƌƚĂ ƋƵĞ ĚĞĨŝŶĂ Ž
ďĂƌĐŽ͕ŵĂƐĐŽŵŽŶĆŽŚĄƵŵƚĞƌŵŽĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽ
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ĂŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ͘ EŽ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ ĂĐŝŵĂ
ƉĂƌĂŽĂǀŝĆŽ͕ĞŵďĂƌĐĂƌĠŽƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ͘
ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐƉĞƌĨĞŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŶƐƚĂƚĂƌĞƐƚĞĨĂƚŽ͘
ϱ͘ ^ŝŶĞƐƚĞƐŝĂ͗ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞ ƉĞůĂ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ƐĞŶƐĂĕƁĞƐƉŽƌſƌŐĆŽƐĚĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƌĞĚĂĐĂŽͬŽͲĂŶƵŶĐŝŽͲ
ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĂƌŝŽͲͲͲƵŵĂͲĂŶĂůŝƐĞͲůŝŶŐƵŝƐƚŝĐĂͲ͘Śƚŵů͘ĐĞƐƐŽ ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ Žŵ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐŽůŚŽƐ ĨƌŝŽƐ͕ ĚŝƐƐĞ ƋƵĞ
ĞŵϮϯĚĞŵĂƌ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ŶĆŽŐŽƐƚĂǀĂŵĂŝƐĚĂŶĂŵŽƌĂĚĂ͘
&ŝŐƵƌĂƐĚĞ>ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ ĨƌŝĞǌĂ ĞƐƚĄ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂ ĂŽ ƚĂƚŽ Ğ ŶĆŽ ă
ǀŝƐĆŽ͘
&ŝŐƵƌĂƐĚĞ>ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͕ƚĂŵďĠŵĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐ
ĚĞĨŝŐƵƌĂƐ ĚĞ ĞƐƚŝůŽ͕ ƐĆŽ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĞƐƚŝůşƐƚŝĐŽƐ
&ŝŐƵƌĂƐĚĞWĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ
ƵƐĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĚĂƌŵĂŝŽƌġŶĨĂƐĞăĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ͘
ϭ͘ ,ŝƉĠƌďŽůĞ͗ ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞ ĂŽ ĞǆĂŐĞƌŽ
ůŐƵŵĂƐĨŝŐƵƌĂƐĚĞƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĞĚĞ ŝŶƚĞŶĐŝŽŶĂůŶĂĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͘
ƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗YƵĂƐĞŵŽƌƌŝĚĞĞƐƚƵĚĂƌ
ϭ͘ DĞƚĄĨŽƌĂ͗ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ Ϯ͘ ƵĨĞŵŝƐŵŽ͗ Ġ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƐƵĂǀŝǌĂƌ Ž
ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ĐŽŵ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ĐƵũŽ ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽ͘
ƚĞƌŵŽĐŽŵƉĂƌĂƚŝǀŽĨŝĐĂƐƵďĞŶƚĞŶĚŝĚŽŶĂĨƌĂƐĞ͘ ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ŶƚƌĞŐŽƵĂĂůŵĂĂĞƵƐ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ǀŝĚĂĠƵŵĂŶƵǀĞŵƋƵĞǀŽĂ͘;ǀŝĚĂ ĐŝŵĂ͕ĂĨƌĂƐĞŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĂŵŽƌƚĞĚĞĂůŐƵĠŵ͘
ĠĐŽŵŽƵŵĂŶƵǀĞŵƋƵĞǀŽĂ͘Ϳ ϯ͘ /ƌŽŶŝĂ͗ Ġ Ă ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽ
Ϯ͘ ŽŵƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ͗ ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ ĚĂƋƵŝůŽƋƵĞƐĞĂĨŝƌŵĂ͘
ĚĞĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĕĆŽĞǆƉůşĐŝƚĂ͕ ĂŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽ ĚĂ ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ ƚĆŽ ŝŶƚĞůŝŐĞŶƚĞƋƵĞŶĆŽ ĂĐĞƌƚĂ
ŵĞƚĄĨŽƌĂ͕ŶĞƐƚĞĐĂƐŽƐĆŽƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐĐŽŶĞĐƚŝǀŽƐ ŶĂĚĂ͘
ĚĞĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ;ĐŽŵŽ͕ĂƐƐŝŵ͕ƚĂůƋƵĂůͿ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗^ĞƵƐŽůŚŽƐƐĆŽĐŽŵŽũĂďƵƚŝĐĂďĂƐ͘

149
ϰ͘ WĞƌƐŽŶŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ͗ ŽƵ ƉƌŽƐŽƉŽƉĞŝĂ Ġ Ă ŵĞƚĄĨŽƌĂ ĚŽ ƉĞƐĂĚĞůŽ ƉĂƌĂ

ĂƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ Ğ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ŚƵŵĂŶŽƐĂŽƐƐĞƌĞƐŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ K ũĂƌĚŝŵ ŽůŚĂǀĂ ĂƐ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ ƐĞŵ
ĚŝǌĞƌŶĂĚĂ͘
ϱ͘ ŶƚşƚĞƐĞ͗ Ġ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƚġŵ
ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽƐŽƉŽƐƚŽƐ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ dŽĚĂ ŐƵĞƌƌĂ ĨŝŶĂůŝǌĂ ƉŽƌ ŽŶĚĞ ĚĞǀŝĂ
;Ϳ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƌ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ ǀşƚŝŵĂƐ ĚĞ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ
ƚĞƌĐŽŵĞĕĂĚŽ͗Ă ƉĂǌ͘
ƐĞǆƵĂů ƐŽďƌĞ ŽƐ ƉĞƌŝŐŽƐ ĚĞƐƐĂ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ͕
ϲ͘ WĂƌĂĚŽǆŽ͗ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ ƋƵĞ
ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝŶĚŽƉĂƌĂĞƌƌĂĚŝĐĄͲůĂ͘
ƚġŵ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽƐ ŽƉŽƐƚŽƐ͕ ŶĆŽ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ĚĞ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ
;ƚĂůĐŽŵŽŶŽĐĂƐŽĚĂĂŶƚşƚĞƐĞͿ͘ ;Ϳ ĚĞŶƵŶĐŝĂƌ ŽĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĂďƵƐŽ ƐĞǆƵĂů
ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ ƐƚŽƵĐĞŐŽ ĚĞĂŵŽƌ ĞǀĞũŽ ŽƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ ŵĞŶŝŶĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵ Ž ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚĞ ĐŽůŽĐĂƌ
ŝƐƐŽĠďŽŵ͘ ĐƌŝŵŝŶŽƐŽƐŶĂĐĂĚĞŝĂ͘
ŽŵŽĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĂůŐƵĠŵĞƐƚĂƌĐĞŐŽĞǀĞƌ͍ ;Ϳ ĚĂƌ Ă ĚĞǀŝĚĂ ĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ġ ĂďƵƐŽ

ϳ͘ KŶŽŵĂƚŽƉĞŝĂ͗ Ġ Ă ŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽĚĞƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ŶŽ ƐĞǆƵĂů ƉĂƌĂ ƵŵĂ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ͕ ĞŶĨĂƚŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ă
ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽƋƵĞŝŵŝƚĂŵƐŽŶƐ͘ ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂĚĂĚĞŶƷŶĐŝĂ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗EĆŽĂŐƵĞŶƚŽŽ ƚŝĐͲƚĂĐ ĚĞƐƐĞƌĞůſŐŝŽ
;Ϳ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌ ƋƵĞ Ă ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ƐĞǆƵĂů ŝŶĨĂŶƚŝů
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĨŝŐƵƌĂƐͲĚĞͲ ƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ă ŶŽŝƚĞ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƌĞƋƵĞƌ
ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵͬ͘ĐĞƐƐŽ ĞŵϭϮĚĞŵĂƌ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ
ŵĂŝŽƌ ĐƵŝĚĂĚŽ ĚŽƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ŶĞƐƐĞ
ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘
ϭ͘ ;EDͿ KƐ ŵĞŝŽƐĚĞĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ ƉŽĚĞŵ Ϯ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĞĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĂďĂŝǆŽ͕ŽƚĞǆƚŽǀĞƌďĂůĞ

ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƌ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ƌĞƐŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ŶĆŽͲǀĞƌďĂů ĚĞƐƚĞ ŽƵƚĚŽŽƌ͕ Ğ ĂƐƐŝŶĂůĞ Ă ĨŝŐƵƌĂ
ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ Ž ĚĂ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ƐĞǆƵĂů ĚĞůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵƋƵĞŵĞůŚŽƌŽĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂ͗
ŝŶĨĂŶƚŝů͘ EĞƐƐĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͕ Ă ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂ ƵƐĂ Ă

150
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ĞŶĐƵƌƚĂĚŽƌ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŶEϯϳͬĐĞƐƐŽ
/ŵĂŐĞŵĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ĞŵϮϯĚĞŵĂƌ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĞǆĞƌĐŝĐŝŽƐ͘ďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞǆĞƌĐŝĐŝŽƐͲ
ƌĞĚĂĐĂŽͬĞǆĞƌĐŝĐŝŽƐͲƐŽďƌĞͲƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂͲƉĞƌƐƵĂƐĂŽ͘Śƚŵ͘ ϰ͘ YƵĂŝƐŽƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐĞƐƚŝůşƐƚŝĐŽƐĞƐĞŵŝſƚŝĐŽƐ
ͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϯĚĞŵĂƌ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ĚŽƐ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ ũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐŽƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ƵƐĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůŽ
;Ϳ ĚĂƌ Ă ĚĞǀŝĚĂ ĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ġ ĂďƵƐŽ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŵƉŽƌ Ž ĂŶƷŶĐŝŽ ĂĐŝŵĂ͍
ƐĞǆƵĂů ƉĂƌĂ ƵŵĂ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ͕ ĞŶĨĂƚŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ă ŽŵƋƵĞŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ͍
ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂĚĂĚĞŶƷŶĐŝĂ͘ /ŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽsĞƌďĂů–ĞĨŝŶŝĕĆŽ͕&ŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĞ
;Ϳ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌ ƋƵĞ Ă ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ƐĞǆƵĂů ŝŶĨĂŶƚŝů ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ
ƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ă ŶŽŝƚĞ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƌĞƋƵĞƌ
ŵĂŝŽƌ ĐƵŝĚĂĚŽ ĚŽƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ŶĞƐƐĞ KďƐĞƌǀĞŽƵƐŽĚŽǀĞƌďŽƚŽŵĂƌ͕ŶŽŵŽĚŽ
ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘ ŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽ͕ŶŽĂŶƷŶĐŝŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͘
;) A catacrese, visto que na expressão “coroa K sĞƌďŽ ŶŽŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ƵŵĂ
de flores” por falta de uma nomeação ĂƚŝƚƵĚĞĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂĚŽĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂŶƚĞƐŽďƌĞ
ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂ͕ƵƚŝůŝǌĂͲƐĞƵŵƚĞƌŵŽĞŵƉƌĞƐƚĂĚŽŶŽ Ž ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͕ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽŽƌĚĞŵ͕ŵĂŶĚŽ͕
ůĠǆŝĐŽ;ĐŽƌŽĂͿƉĂƌĂƐƵƉƌŝƌĞƐƚĂŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ƐŽůŝĐŝƚĂĕĆŽ͕ĐŽŶǀŝƚĞŽƵĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽ͘ƐƐĞƐǀĞƌďŽƐ
;Ϳ ŵĞƚĄĨŽƌĂ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ŚĄ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ ƉŽĚĞŵ ĞǆƉƌŝŵŝƌ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ĂƚŝƚƵĚĞƐ ĚŽ
ƐƵďũĞƚŝǀĂĞŶƚƌĞĂǀşƚŝŵĂŵŽƌƌĞƌĞĨŝĐĂƌŝŐƵĂůĂ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂŶƚĞ Ğŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĂŽ ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͕
ƵŵĂĐŽƌŽĂĚĞĨůŽƌĞƐ͘ ƐĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĄͲůĂƐ͕ Ġ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ

ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌ Ă ĞŶƚŽĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĨƌĂƐĞ Ğ Ă ŝĚĞŝĂ
ϯ͘ Argumente sobre a expressão “É música ƉƌĞƚĞŶĚŝĚĂ͘
ƉƌĂ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ ƚŽĚĂ ƵŵĂ K ǀĞƌďŽ ŶŽŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ƵŵĂ
ĞƐƚĂĕĆŽ”, apresentando os sentidos que a ĂƚŝƚƵĚĞĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂĚŽĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂŶƚĞƐŽďƌĞ
ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ĞƐƚĂĕĆŽ ĞǆĞƌĐĞ ŶŽ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ĚĂ Ž ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͕ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽŽƌĚĞŵ͕ŵĂŶĚŽ͕
ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂ͘ ƐŽůŝĐŝƚĂĕĆŽ͕ĐŽŶǀŝƚĞŽƵĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽ͘ƐƐĞƐǀĞƌďŽƐ
ƉŽĚĞŵ ĞǆƉƌŝŵŝƌ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ĂƚŝƚƵĚĞƐ ĚŽ

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ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂŶƚĞ Ğŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĂŽ ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͕ ĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽ͕ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞ ĚŽ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ Ğ ĚĂ
ƐĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĄͲůĂƐ͕ Ġ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ ƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚŽƐͿ͘
ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌ Ă ĞŶƚŽĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĨƌĂƐĞ Ğ Ă ŝĚĞŝĂ ● &ĂůĞ ďĂŝǆŽ͕ ƉŽƌ ŐĞŶƚŝůĞǌĂ͊ ;ǆƉƌŝŵĞ Ƶŵ
ƉƌĞƚĞŶĚŝĚĂ͘ ƉĞĚŝĚŽͿ
● &ƵũĂ ĚĂƋƵŝ͊;ǆƉƌŝŵĞŽƌĚĞŵŽƵĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽͿ
● ĞǀŽůǀĂͲŵĞŽƐƋƵĂĚƌŽƐ͊;ǆƉƌŝŵĞŽƌĚĞŵ
ŽƵĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽͿ
EŽƐ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ ĨŽƌŶĞĐŝĚŽƐ͕ ŽƐ ǀĞƌďŽƐ

ƉŽĚĞŵ ĞǆƉƌŝŵŝƌ ŽƌĚĞŵ͕ ŵĂŶĚŽ͕ ƐŽůŝĐŝƚĂĕĆŽ͕
ĐŽŶǀŝƚĞŽƵĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽĚŽĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ
ƋƵĞĞůĞƐĞƐƚĆŽĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚŽƐ͘
ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ǀĞƌďŽƐ ŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽƐ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ
ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĚĂŶŽĂĨŝƌŵĂƚŝǀŽ ĞŶŽŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ͘
– Ɛ ƐĞŐƵŶĚĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ;ƚƵ Ğ ǀſƐͿ ĚĞƌŝǀĂŵ

ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚŽƐǀĞƌďŽƐŶŽŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽ ĚĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚŽ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚŝǀŽ͕
Ğ ĨŽƌŵĂ ŐĞƌĂů͕ ĞƐƐĞ ŵŽĚŽ ǀĞƌďĂů Ġ ƌĞƚŝƌĂŶĚŽͲƐĞĚĞůĂƐĂůĞƚƌĂ ^͖
ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚŽ ŶĂƐ ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĂďƐŽůƵƚĂƐ͕
– Ɛ ĚĞŵĂŝƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ƐĆŽ ŝĚġŶƚŝĐĂƐ ăƐ ĚŽ
ĐŽŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂƐĞƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ͘WĞůŽĨĂƚŽĚĞŶĞƐƐĞƐ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĚŽƐƵďũƵŶƚŝǀŽ͘
ǀĞƌďŽƐŽĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂŶƚĞƐĞŵƉƌĞƐĞĚŝƌŝŐŝƌĂƵŵ
ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͕ĞƐƚĞƉŽĚĞƌĞĨĞƌŝƌͲƐĞăƐƐĞŐƵŶĚĂƐ
Ğ ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ Ğ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ĚŽ
ƉůƵƌĂů͘ KƵƚƌĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ ĚĂƐ ĨƌĂƐĞƐ
ŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ Ġ ƋƵĞ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ ĞůĂƐ ǀġŵ ϱ͘ EĂƐ ĨƌĂƐĞƐ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ ĂƉŽŶƚĞ Ă ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĄ ĚĞ
ĂĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĂĚĂƐĚŽƉŽŶƚŽĚĞĞǆĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ;͊Ϳ͕Ž ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ŶŽƌŵĂ ĐƵůƚĂ ĚĂ ůşŶŐƵĂ
ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂ Ž ƚŽŵ ĚĞ ŽƌĚĞŵ͕ ŵĂŶĚŽ͕ ƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞƐĂ͕ĞƐĐƌŝƚĂ͗
ƐŽůŝĐŝƚĂĕĆŽ͕ĐŽŶǀŝƚĞŽƵĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŵ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĂĐŝĚĞŶƚĞ͕ ŶĆŽ ƐŝŐĂ
KƵƚƌŽƐĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐĚŽƵƐŽĚŽŵŽĚŽŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽ͗ ǀŝĂŐĞŵ͘WĞĚĞŽĂƉŽŝŽĚĞƵŵƉŽůŝĐŝĂů͘
WĂƐƐĞͲŵĞŽƐĂů͕ƉŽƌĨĂǀŽƌ͘;ǆƉƌŝŵĞƵŵƉĞĚŝĚŽ͕ ;Ϳ ;Ϳ ŽŶĨŝƌĂĂƐƌĞĐĞŝƚĂƐƐƵƌƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐĨĞŝƚĂƐ
ƵŵĂƐŽůŝĐŝƚĂĕĆŽͿ ƉĂƌĂǀŽĐġ͘ůŝĐĂĂƋƵŝ͊
● EĆŽ ĚĞŝǆĞ Ž ĐĂƌƌŽ ŶĂ ƌƵĂ͕ ŐƵĂƌĚĞͲŽ ŶĂ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ DŽƐƚƌĂ ƋƵĞ ǀŽĐġ ƚĞŵ ďŽŵ ĐŽƌĂĕĆŽ͘
ŐĂƌĂŐĞŵ͊ ;WŽĚĞ ĞǆƉƌŝŵŝƌ ƵŵĂ ŽƌĚĞŵ ŽƵ Ƶŵ ũƵĚĞĂĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂĚŽĂŐĂƐĂůŚŽ͊

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;Ϳ;ͿEĆŽƐƵďĞƐƚŝŵĞŽĐůŝĞŶƚĞ͘sĞŶĚĂŝƚĞŶƐ ϴ͘sŽĐġ ĂĐŚĂ ƋƵĞ Ă ďŽůĂĐŚĂ Ġ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂ

ĚĞďŽĂƉƌŽĐĞĚġŶĐŝĂ͘ ƉĞůŽƐ ŶƵƚƌŝĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƐ Ƶŵ ĂůŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƐĂƵĚĄǀĞů͍
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ :ƵƐƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĨŝŐƵƌĂĚĞůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͘ĐŽŵͬŐƌĂŵĂƚŝĐĂͬŝŵƉ
ĞƌĂƚŝǀŽͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϰĚĞŵĂƌ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘;ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ
ŐŽƌĂ͕ŽďƐĞƌǀĞŽĂŶƷŶĐŝŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ăƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐϲĂϴ͘
KďƐĞƌǀĞ Ž ĂŶƷŶĐŝŽ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ăƐ
ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ͗
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ĞŶĐƵƌƚĂĚŽƌ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĨƌǀ&dͬ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŵĂƌŬĞƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĂͲ

ϮϰĚĞŵĂƌ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘ ƉƵďůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞͲĞͲĂƐͲƌĞŐƌĂƐͲŽƌƚŽŐƌĂĨŝĐĂƐͬĐĞƐƐŽ͗ϮϱĚĞ
ŵĂƌ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ϲ͘ ƐƐĞ ĂŶƷŶĐŝŽ ƵƐŽƵ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽ
ϵ͘ sŽĐġ ŽďƐĞƌǀŽƵ ĂůŐŽ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ǀĞƌďĂů ƋƵĞ
ůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐŽ͕ Ƶŵ ǀĞƌďŽ ŶŽ ŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽ͕ ƋƵĂů͍
ĞƐƚĄ Ğŵ ĚĞƐĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ŶŽƌŵĂ ĐƵůƚĂ͍ K
ŽŵƋƵĞŝŶƚĞŶĐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͍
ƋƵġ͍ZĞĞƐĐƌĞǀĂŽƚĞǆƚŽǀĞƌďĂůĐŽƌƌŝŐŝŶĚŽͲŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ϳ͘ YƵĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ƵƐĂĚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ ϭϬ͘ :ŝŶŐůĞ͗ WĂůĂǀƌĂ ŝŶŐůĞƐĂ ƋƵĞ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂ
ĐŚĂŵĂƌ Ă ĂƚĞŶĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƚŽƌ ŶĞƐƐĞ “tinido”. O jingle é uma mensagem publicitária
ĂŶƷŶŝŽ͍ŵƐƵĂŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ͕ĐƵŵƉƌŝƵŽŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ Ğŵ ĨŽƌŵĂ ŵƵƐŝĐĂů͘ WƌĞĐŝƐĂ ƐĞƌ ĐƵƌƚĂ͕ ƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͕
ĞƐƉĞƌĂĚŽ͍ ĐĂƚŝǀĂŶƚĞĞĨĄĐŝůĚĞŵĞŵŽƌŝǌĂƌ͘KƐũŝŶŐůĞƐƐĆŽ
ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂƐ ĚĞ
ƚĞůĞǀŝƐĆŽ͕ũŽƌŶĂůĞŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘ůĂƐƚĂŵďĠŵĨĂǌĞŵ
ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ ĚĂ ƉƵďůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ^ŽďƌĞ Ž
ƚƌĞĐŚŽĚŽũŝŶŐůĞ͕ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ͗

153
“Dá danoninho dá. ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

DĞĚĄĚĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽ͕ĚĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽũĄ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽĚĄ͕ĚĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽĚĄ͘ ϭϭ͘ ŐŽƌĂ ƋƵĞ ũĄ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞ ĂƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ
dŽĚĂƉƌŽƚĞşŶĂƋƵĞĞƵǀŽƵƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƌũĄ͕ũĄ͘ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽ ũŝŶŐůĞ͕ ǀŽĐġ ƉŽĚĞ ŝŶŝĐŝĂƌ Ž
DĞĚĄ͕ŵĞĚĄ͕ŵĞĚĄ͘ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƚĞǆƚŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ
DĞĚĄĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽ͕ĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽũĄ͘ ŐġŶĞƌŽ͘ EĞƐƐĂ ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂ͕ ƵŵĂ ŵƷƐŝĐĂ ƋƵĞ
DĞĚĄĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽ͕ĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽĚĄ͘ ĨĞǌ ƐƵĐĞƐƐŽ Ġ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĚŝǀƵůŐĂƌ Ƶŵ
ĄůĐŝŽĞǀŝƚĂŵŝŶĂƉƌĂŐĞŶƚĞďƌŝŶĐĂƌ͘ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ͘ WĞŶƐĞ Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŵ
Me dá ! (...)” ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƋƵĞǀŽĐġĐŽŶƐŽŵĞĞŐŽƐƚĂďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ͘
^ĞƉƌĞĨĞƌŝƌ͕ĞƐĐƌĞǀĂĞĚĞƉŽŝƐŐƌĂǀĞŽƐĞƵũŝŶŐůĞ͘
;Ϳ YƵĞ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ Ă ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂ ƉƌĞƚĞŶĚĞ

ǀĞŶĚĞƌ͍
;Ϳ ƐƐĂ ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂŶĚĂ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂ KďũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ƌƀŶŝĐĂƐ͖
ĂƉĞůĂƚŝǀĂĞĞŶŐĂŶŽƐĂ͍ǆƉůŝƋƵĞ͘ ĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĂƐĚĞůĞŝƚƵƌĂ͖ĐŽĞƐĆŽƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂů
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ ;&ϴϵ>WϯϯͲͿ >Ğƌ͕ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ
;ͿǆŝƐƚĞƌŝŵĂŶŽƚĞǆƚŽ͍WĂƌĂƋƵĞƐĞƌǀĞĂƌŝŵĂ ĂƵƚƀŶŽŵĂ͕ Ğ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ – ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ
ŶĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͍ ƉƌŽĐĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĂƐ ĚĞ ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ͕ ĂŶƚĞĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ͕ ŝŶĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ Ğ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ǀĞƌŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽͿĂĚĞƋƵĂĚŽƐĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ
;Ϳ ůŐƵŵĂ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ Ġ ƌĞƉĞƚŝĚĂ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ͍ Ğ ůĞǀĂŶĚŽ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽƐ
YƵĂů͍WŽƌƋƵġ͍ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐĞƐƵƉŽƌƚĞƐ– ĐŽŶƚŽƐĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌąŶĞŽƐ͕
ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞƐ ũƵǀĞŶŝƐ͕ ŶŽǀĞůĂƐ͕ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͕

154
ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ ĚĞ ĨŝĐĕĆŽ ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂ͕ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ ĂďŽƌĚĂĚŽ͘ KƐ ĐƌŽŶŝƐƚĂƐ ĐŽƐƚƵŵĂŵ
ƐƵƐƉĞŶƐĞ͕ƉŽĞŵĂƐĚĞĨŽƌŵĂůŝǀƌĞĞĨŝǆĂ;ĐŽŵŽ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐƋƵĞ͕ŵƵŝƚĂƐǀĞǌĞƐ͕ƉĂƐƐĂŵ
ŚĂŝĐĂŝͿ͕ ƉŽĞŵĂƐ ĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŽƐ͕ ĐŝďĞƌƉŽĞŵĂƐ͕ ĚĞƐƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚŽƐ ƉĞůŽ ƌĞƐƚĂŶƚĞ ĚĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕
ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͖ ;&Ϭϵ>WϭϭͿ /ŶĨĞƌŝƌ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĚĞ ŵĂƐƋƵĞŵĞƌĞĐĞŵŽďƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽĞĂŶĄůŝƐĞ͘
ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĚĞ
ĐŽĞƐĆŽƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂů;ĐŽŶũƵŶĕƁĞƐĞĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂĚŽƌĞƐ YƵĂŝƐƐĆŽŽƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞĐƌƀŶŝĐĂƐ͍
ƚĞǆƚƵĂŝƐͿ͘ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂĠ ƵŵŐġŶĞƌŽ ƚĞǆƚƵĂůƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞ
ƐĞƌ ĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽ Ğŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ͕ ĐŽŶŚĞĕĂ ĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚĞĐĂĚĂƵŵĚĞůĞƐ͗
ƌƀŶŝĐĂ
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂ ĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŝǀĂ Ͳ Ġ ƚŝƉŝĨŝĐĂĚĂ ƉĞůĂ
K ƋƵĞ Ġ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ͍ ƵŵŐġŶĞƌŽ
ĚĞƐĐƌŝĕĆŽĚŽƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐŶĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͘KƵƐĞũĂ͕
ƚĞǆƚƵĂůŵƵŝƚŽ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ Ğŵ ũŽƌŶĂŝƐ͕ ƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐ͕
ĠƵŵƚĞǆƚŽƋƵĞĞǆƉƁĞŽƐĚĞƚĂůŚĞƐĚĞŽďũĞƚŽƐ͕
ƉŽƌƚĂŝƐĚĞŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚĞďůŽŐƐ͘ƐƐĞƚŝƉŽĚĞƚĞǆƚŽ
ůƵŐĂƌĞƐ͕ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐĞĚĞŵĂŝƐƉĂƌƚĞƐ͘
ƐĞĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƉŽƌĂďŽƌĚĂƌĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐĚŽĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽ͕
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂͲƐƐĞƚŝƉŽĚĞĐƌƀŶŝĐĂĠ
ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐĐŽŵƵŶƐĚŽŶŽƐƐŽĚŝĂĂĚŝĂ͘
ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ŶĂƌƌĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ŽƵ
ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌĂƉĞƐƐŽĂĚŽƐŝŶŐƵůĂƌ͘ůĞĐŽƐƚƵŵĂĐŽŶƚĞƌ
YƵĂŝƐĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚĂĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ͍
ŚƵŵŽƌ͕ĂĕĆŽĞĐƌşƚŝĐĂ͘
ůĠŵĚĂŶĂƌƌĂĕĆŽĚĞƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐďĂŶĂŝƐ͕
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂĚŝƐƐĞƌƚĂƚŝǀĂͲƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĞƐĐƌŝƚĂĞŵ
ĞůĂĠĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĚĂƉŽƌ͗
ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂŽƵƚĞƌĐĞŝƌĂƉĞƐƐŽĂĚŽƉůƵƌĂů͘ůĂƚƌĂǌ
dĞǆƚŽƐĐƵƌƚŽƐĞĚĞĨĄĐŝůĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ
ă ƚŽŶĂ Ž ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝƐƚĂ ĚŽ ĂƵƚŽƌ ƐŽďƌĞ Ž
Ͳ>ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵƐŝŵƉůĞƐĞĚĞƐĐŽŶƚƌĂşĚĂ
ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽĞŵĨŽĐŽ͘
Ͳ WŽƵĐŽƐ ;ŽƵ ŶĞŶŚƵŵͿ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ŶĂƐ
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂ ŚƵŵŽƌşƐƚŝĐĂ Ͳ ,ƵŵŽƌ͕ ŝƌŽŶŝĂ Ğ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ
ƐĂƌĐĂƐŵŽ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚĞƐ ĚĂ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ
Ͳ ŶĄůŝƐĞ ĐƌşƚŝĐĂ ƐŽďƌĞ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ğ
ŚƵŵŽƌşƐƚŝĐĂ͘
ĐŝƌĐƵŶƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐ
ŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŶƐ Ğ ĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ
Ͳ,ƵŵŽƌĐƌşƚŝĐŽ͕ŝƌƀŶŝĐŽĞƐĂƌĐĄƐƚŝĐŽ
ƐĞƌ ĂĚŽƚĂĚĂƐ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƚƌĂƚĂƌ
Ͳ>ŝŶŚĂĐƌŽŶŽůſŐŝĐĂĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚĂ͘
ĚŽƐƚĞŵĂƐƋƵĞŝŵƉĂĐƚĂŵĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞĚĞĨŽƌŵĂ
ĐƀŵŝĐĂ͘
WĂƌĂƋƵĞƐĞƌǀĞƵŵĂĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ͍
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂ ůşƌŝĐĂ Ͳ EŽ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ůşƌŝĐŽ͕ Ă
ŵďŽƌĂ ĂƐ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂƐ ƌĞƚƌĂƚĞŵ
ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ Ġ ƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ͘
ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚŽ ĚŝĂ Ă ĚŝĂ͕ ĞůĂƐ ŶĆŽ ƚġŵ Ă
ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ ůşƌŝĐĂ͕ ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĞǀŝĚĞŶĐŝĂ Ž
ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĞǆĐůƵƐŝǀĂĚĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƌ͘^ĞƵŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ
ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚĂůŝƐŵŽ͘
Ġ͕ŶĂǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ƉƌŽǀŽĐĂƌƵŵĂƌĞĨůĞǆĆŽƐŽďƌĞŽ

155
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂ ƉŽĠƚŝĐĂ Ͳ ĞƐƚĂ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂ ǀĞƌƐŽƐ ŚŽŵĞŵ͕ƋƵĞƐŽŽƵĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌĂŽƐŵĞƵƐŽƵǀŝĚŽƐ͕

ƉŽĠƚŝĐŽƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͘ ĞƐƐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚŽƵ͗
ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ ƚƌĂĕŽƐ ĚĞ ƉŽĞƐŝĂ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĐŽŶƚĠŵ
ͲYƵĞĠƋƵĞǀŽĐġĞƐƚĄĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ͍
ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĞĞŵŽĕƁĞƐ͘
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽͲĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŝǀĂͲƐƐĞƚŝƉŽĚĞ ^Ğŵ ŵĞ ǀŽůƚĂƌ͕ ƚĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞƚŝĚŽ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ
ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂĐŽŵďŝŶĂĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂĞĂĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŝǀĂ͘ ĨŽƌŵŝŐĂƐ͕ ĞǆƉůŝƋƵĞŝ Ž ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƉĂƐƐĂǀĂ͘ >ŽŐŽ
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐĂͲƚĞŵƵŵǀŝĠƐĚŽƚĞǆƚŽ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝ ƌĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌ Ž ƚƌĄĨĞŐŽ ĚĞůĂƐ͕
ũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐŽŶŽƋƵĞĚŝǌƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽăǀĞŝĐƵůĂĕĆŽĚĞ ƌĞĐŽŵƉŽŶĚŽĂĨŝůĂĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂƉŽŶƚĞ͘KŚŽŵĞŵ
ŶŽƚşĐŝĂƐ Ğ ĨĂƚŽƐ͘ ĞƐƐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ ďƵƐĐĂ ĂďŽƌĚĂƌ ƐĞ ĂŐĂĐŚŽƵ Ă ŵĞƵ ůĂĚŽ͕ ĚŝǌĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ
ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĂƚƵĂŝƐ͕ ĚŽ ŵĞƐŵŽ ĚŝĂ ŽƵ ĨŽƌŵŝŐĂƐ ƐĞŐƵŝĂŵ ƉŽƌ Ƶŵ ĐĂŵŝŶŚŽ͕ ƵŵĂ ŶĂ
ƐĞŵĂŶĂ͕ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͘ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ĚƵĂƐ͕ ƵŵĂ ĂƚƌĄƐ ĚĞ ĚƵĂƐ͕ ƵŵĂ ŶŽ
• ƌƀŶŝĐĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂͲŽĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽĚĂĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ ŵĞŝŽĚĞĚƵĂƐ͘ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚŽƵ͗
ũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂ ĞǀĞŶƚŽƐ ƌĞĐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ Ă YƵĂŶƚĂƐĨŽƌŵŝŐĂƐĞƌĂŵ͍

ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂƌĞůĞŵďƌĂĞƉŝƐſĚŝŽƐƉĂƐƐĂĚŽƐ͘
WĞŶƐĞŝ Ƶŵ ƉŽƵĐŽ͕ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ ĐĄůĐƵůŽƐ͘ EĂƋƵĞůĞ
΀͘͘͘΁ŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌĂƐ
ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ĞƵĂĐŚĂǀĂƋƵĞĞƌĂďŽŵĞŵĂƌŝƚŵĠƚŝĐĂ͗
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĞĂĚ͘ƉƵĐƉƌ͘ďƌͬďůŽŐͬŽͲƋƵĞͲĞͲĐƌŽŶŝĐĂ ƵŵĂŶĂĨƌĞŶƚĞĚĞĚƵĂƐĨĂǌŝĂŵƚƌġƐ͖ƵŵĂĂƚƌĄƐ

ĐĞƐƐŽ͗ϭϬ͕Ăďƌ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘ ĚĞĚƵĂƐĞƌĂŵŵĂŝƐƚƌġƐ͖ƵŵĂŶŽŵĞŝŽĚĞĚƵĂƐ͕
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŵĂŝƐƚƌġƐ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƵĂŝ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĂƉƉͬŶŽƚŝĐŝĂͬƉĞŶƐĂƌͬϮϬϭϯͬϭϬͬϭϮͬŶŽ
ƚŝĐŝĂƐͲƉĞŶƐĂƌ͕ϭϰϳϯϰϳͬĨĞƌŶĂŶĚŽͲƐĂďŝŶŽͲŵĂƌĐŽƵͲĞŶĐŽŶƚƌŽͲ
ĚĞĨŝŶŝƚŝǀŽͲĐŽŵͲĂͲůŝƚĞƌĂƚƵƌĂͲďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘ƐŚƚŵůĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϬĚĞ ͲEŽǀĞ͊ǆĐůĂŵĞŝ͕ƚƌŝƵŶĨĂŶƚĞ͘
Ăďƌ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘
ůĞĐŽŵĞĕŽƵĂƌŝƌĞƐĂĐƵĚŝƵĂĐĂďĞĕĂ͕ĚŝǌĞŶĚŽ
KƐĞŐƌĞĚŽ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ͗ ĞƌĂŵ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ƚƌġƐ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ĨŽƌŵŝŐĂ Ɛſ
ĂŶĚĂĞŵĨŝůĂ͕ƵŵĂĂƚƌĄƐĚĂŽƵƚƌĂ͘
ŶƚĆŽƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĞŝĂĞůĞŽƋƵĞĠƋƵĞĐĂŝĞŵƉĠĞ
ĐŽƌƌĞĚĞŝƚĂĚŽ͘
Ͳ ŽďƌĂ͍ – ĞůĞ ĂƌƌŝƐĐŽƵ͕ ĞŶƌƵŐĂŶĚŽ Ă ƚĞƐƚĂ͕

ŝŶƚƌŝŐĂĚŽ͘
[...] &ŽŝĂŵŝŶŚĂǀĞǌĚĞĂĐŚĂƌŐƌĂĕĂ͗
ƐƚĂǀĂ ĞŵƉĞŶŚĂĚŽ ŶŝƐƐŽ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƐĞŶƚŝ ƋƵĞ
ŚĂǀŝĂĂůŐƵĠŵĞŵƉĠĂƚƌĄƐĚĞŵŝŵ͘hŵĂǀŽǌĚĞ ͲYƵĞĐŽďƌĂƋƵĞŶĂĚĂ͊ĂĐŚƵǀĂ–ĞĐŽŵĞĐĞŝĂ
ƌŝƌƚĂŵďĠŵ͘

156
Ͳ sŽĐġ ƐĂďĞ Ž ƋƵĞ Ġ ƋƵĞ ĐĂŝŶĚŽ ŶŽ ĐŚĆŽ ŶĆŽ ƋƵŝŶƚĂů͕ŵĂƐŽĐŽĞůŚŽŶĆŽƋƵĞƌŝĂƐĂďĞƌĚĞŶſƐ͕

ƋƵĞďƌĂĞĐĂŝŶĚŽŶΖĄŐƵĂƋƵĞďƌĂ͍ ŽĐƵƉĂĚŽĞŵƌŽĞƌƵŵĂĨŽůŚĂĚĞĐŽƵǀĞ͘
Ͳ^Ğŝ͗ƉĂƉĞů͘ KŚŽŵĞŵŵĞĚŝƐƐĞƋƵĞƚŝŶŚĂĚĞŝƌĞŵďŽƌĂ –
ĂŶƚĞƐ ƋƵĞƌŝĂ ŵĞ ĞŶƐŝŶĂƌ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ ŵƵŝƚŽ
'ŽƐƚĞŝ ĚĂƋƵĞůĞ ŚŽŵĞŵ͗ ĞůĞ ƐĂďŝĂ ƵŵĂ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ͗
ƉŽƌĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƵ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĂďŝĂ͘
&ŝĐĂŵŽƐĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂŶĚŽƵŵƚĞŵƉĆŽ͕ƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐŶĂ Ͳ sŽĐġ ƋƵĞƌ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ Ž ƐĞŐƌĞĚŽ ĚĞ ƐĞƌ Ƶŵ
ďĞŝƌĂĚĂ ĚĂ ĐĂŝǆĂ ĚĞ ĂƌĞŝĂ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ĚŽŝƐ ĂŵŝŐŽƐ͕ ŵĞŶŝŶŽĨĞůŝǌƉĂƌĂŽƌĞƐƚŽĚĂƐƵĂǀŝĚĂ͍
ĞŵďŽƌĂĞůĞĨŽƐƐĞĐŝŶƋƵĞŶƚĂĂŶŽƐŵĂŝƐǀĞůŚŽĚŽ
YƵĞƌŽ–ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚŝ͘
ƋƵĞ ĞƵ͕ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ ŵĞ ĚŝƐƐĞ͘ EĆŽ ƉĂƌĞĐŝĂ͘ Ƶ
ƚĂŵďĠŵůŚĞĐŽŶƚĞŝƵŵĂƉŽƌĕĆŽĚĞĐŽŝƐĂƐ͘&ĂůĞŝ KƐĞŐƌĞĚŽƐĞƌĞƐƵŵŝĂĞŵƚƌġƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͕ƋƵĞ
ŶĂŵŝŶŚĂŐĂůŝŶŚĂ&ĞƌŶĂŶĚĂ͕ŶŽƐŵŝůĂŐƌĞƐƋƵĞ ĞůĞƉƌŽŶƵŶĐŝŽƵĐŽŵŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ŵĆŽƐŶŽƐ
Ƶŵ ĚŝĂ ĂŶĚĞŝ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ͕ Ğ ĚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƉƌĞŶĚŝ Ă ŵĞƵƐŽŵďƌŽƐĞŽůŚŽƐŶŽƐŵĞƵƐŽůŚŽƐ͗
ǀŽĂƌĐŽŵŽŽƐƉĄƐƐĂƌŽƐ͕ĞĂŵŝŶŚĂǀĞŶƚƵƌĂĚĞ
ͲWĞŶƐĞŶŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘
ĞƐĐŽƚĞŝƌŽ ƉĞƌĚŝĚŽ ŶĂ ƐĞůǀĂ͕ ĂƐ ĞƐƉŝŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ Ğ
ŝŶǀĞƐƚŝŐĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ƐĞĐƌĞƚĂ KůŚŽ ĚĞ EĂŚŽƌĂĂĐŚĞŝĞƐƐĞƐĞŐƌĞĚŽŵĞŝŽƐĞŵŐƌĂĕĂ͘
'ĂƚŽ͕ŽƐſƐŝĂƋƵĞƌĞƚŝƌĞŝĚŽĞƐƉĞůŚŽ͕ŽŝƌŝĐĂ͕ ^ſďĞŵŵĂŝƐƚĂƌĚĞǀŝŵĂĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌŽĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽ
ǀĂůĞŶƚĆŽ ĚĂ ŵŝŶŚĂ ĞƐĐŽůĂ͕ Ž ĚŝĂ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ŵĞ ƋƵĞƚĂŶƚĂƐǀĞǌĞƐŶĂǀŝĚĂĚĞŝǆĞŝĚĞĐƵŵƉƌŝƌ͘
ƐĂŐƌĞŝ ĐĂŵƉĞĆŽ ĚĞ ĨƵƚĞďŽů͕ Ž ŵĞƵ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ DĂƐƋƵĞƐĞŵƉƌĞĚĞƵĐĞƌƚŽƋƵĂŶĚŽŵĞ
ĂŵŽƌ͕ŽĐĂƉŝƚĆŽWĂƚŝĨĂƌŝĂ͕ĂƉĂƐƐĂƌŝŶŚĂĚĂƋƵĞ ůĞŵďƌĞŝĚĞƐĞŐƵŝͲůŽ͕ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽͲŵĞĨĞůŝǌĐŽŵŽ
DĂƌŝĂŶĂĞĞƵƐŽůƚĂŵŽƐ͘WĞŶĂƋƵĞŵŝŶŚĂĂŵŝŐĂ ƵŵŵĞŶŝŶŽ͘
ŶĆŽ ĞƐƚŝǀĞƐƐĞ ƉŽƌ Ăůŝ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ĞůĞ Ă

KŚŽŵĞŵƐĞĐƵƌǀŽƵƉĂƌĂŵĞďĞŝũĂƌŶĂƚĞƐƚĂ͕
ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƐƐĞ͘>ĞǀĞŝͲŽĂǀĞƌŽ'ŽĚŽĨƌĞĚŽĞŵƐĞƵ
ƐĞĚĞƐƉĞĚŝŶĚŽ͗
ƉŽůĞŝƌŽ͗
- YƵĞŵĠǀŽĐġ͍–ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĞŝĂŝŶĚĂ͘
&ĞƌŶĂŶĚŽ͊ – ďĞƌƌŽƵ Ž ƉĂƉĂŐĂŝŽ͕ ŝŵŝƚĂŶĚŽ
ŵĂŵĆĞ͗ – sĞŵ ƉƌĂ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ͕ ŵĞŶŝŶŽ͊ KůŚĂ Ž ůĞƐĞůŝŵŝƚŽƵĂƐŽƌƌŝƌ͕ĚĞƉŽŝƐĚŝƐƐĞĂĚĞƵƐĐŽŵ
ƐĞƌĞŶŽ͊ ƵŵĂĐĞŶŽĞĨŽŝͲƐĞĞŵďŽƌĂƉĂƌĂƐĞŵƉƌĞ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗^/EK͕&ĞƌŶĂŶĚŽ͕KDĞŶŝŶŽŶŽ
Ͳ,ŝŶĚĞŵďƵƌŐŽĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƵĐŽƌƌĞŶĚŽ͕ĂĂŐŝƚĂƌŽ ĞƐƉĞůŚŽ͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͕ZĞĐŽƌĚ͕ϭϵϴϰ͘Ɖ͘ϭϱͲϭϴ͘
ƌĂďŽ͘ WĂƌĂ ƐƵƌƉƌĞƐĂ ŵŝŶŚĂ͕ ŶĞŵ Ž ŚŽŵĞŵ &ŽŶƚĞ͗WŽƌƚƵŐƵġƐ–>ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵΘWĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ͕ϲǐ^ĠƌŝĞ
– D^Yh/d͕ZŽďĞƌƚŽDĞůŽͬDĂƌƚŽƐ͕ůŽĚĞƌZŝǀĂƐ–Ě͘
ĨŝĐŽƵ ĐŽŵ ŵĞĚŽ ĚŽ ĐĂĐŚŽƌƌĆŽ͕ ŶĞŵ ĞƐƚĞ Ž
^ĂƌĂŝǀĂ͕ϭǐĞĚŝĕĆŽ–ϭϵϵϴ͕Ɖ͘ϲϰͲϳ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϭϬĚĞĂďƌ͘
ĞƐƚƌĂŶŚŽƵ͖ƉĂƌĞĐŝĂĨĞůŝǌ͕ĂƚĠůĂŵďĞƵͲůŚĞĂŵĆŽ͘ ĚĞϮϬϮϮ
ĞƉŽŝƐ ŵŽƐƚƌĞŝͲůŚĞ Ž WĂƐƚŽĨĨ ŶŽ ĨƵŶĚŽ ĚŽ

157
ϱ͘ ĞƐƐĂ ƐĠƌŝĞ ĚĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ž
ŵĞŶŝŶŽ ĐŽŶƚĂ ĂŽ ĞƐƚƌĂŶŚŽ͕ ƚŽĚŽƐ ůŚĞ
ϭ͘YƵĞŵ ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͍
ƉĂƌĞĐĞŵǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌŽƐ͍&ĂĕĂƵŵĐŽŵĞŶƚĄƌŝŽĂ
ĞƐĐƌĞǀĂĐĂĚĂƵŵĂĚĞůĂƐ͘ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ϲ͘ YƵĂŶĚŽŽŵĞŶŝŶŽĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƵŽĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽĚŽ
ŚŽŵĞŵ͍WŽƌƋƵġ͍
Ϯ͘ EĞŵ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂƐ
ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐƐĆŽĐůĂƌĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƉŽŶƚĂĚĂƐƉĞůŽ
ĂƵƚŽƌ͗ĂůŐƵŵĂƐƐĆŽƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚĂƐƉĞůŽůĞŝƚŽƌƉŽƌ ϳ͘ WŽƌ ƋƵĞ Ž ŵĞŶŝŶŽ ĚĞŝǆŽƵ ĚĞ ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ž
ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ŝŶĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂƐ ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ƐƵŐĞƌĞ͘ ĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽƋƵĞŽŚŽŵĞŵůŚĞĚĞƌĂ͍
ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚŽƐ ƚƌĞĐŚŽƐ ĂďĂŝǆŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ
ƉŽĚĞƌşĂŵŽƐĨĂǌĞƌ͗
ĂͿ Sobre o garoto, em “Sem me voltar, tão

ůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐŽĞƐŝǀŽƐ
ĞŶƚƌĞƚŝĚŽĞƐƚĂǀĂĐŽŵĂƐĨŽƌŵŝŐĂƐ͕ĞǆƉůŝƋƵĞŝ
Ž ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƉĂƐƐĂǀĂ͘ >ŽŐŽ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝ KƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĞ ĐŽĞƐĆŽ ƐĆŽ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ
ƌĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌŽƚƌĄĨĞŐŽĚĞůĂƐ͕ƌĞĐŽŵƉŽŶĚŽĂ ŽƐ ƋƵĞ ůŝŐĂŵ ĂƐ ĨƌĂƐĞƐ ŽƵ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĞ
fila através da ponte”?
Ƶŵ ƚĞǆƚŽ͘ WŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĚŝǌĞƌ ƋƵĞ ƚĂŝƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ďͿ Sobre o adulto em “Ficamos ƐĆŽ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ƉĞůĂ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ

ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ƚĞŵƉĆŽ͕ ƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ŶŽƉůĂŶŽĚĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵƚĞǆƚƵĂů͘ŽƵƐŽĐŽƌƌĞƚŽ
ďĞŝƌĂĚĂĚĂĐĂŝǆĂĚĞĂƌĞŝĂ΀͘͘͘΁ůŚĞĐŽŶƚĞŝƵŵĂ
ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ĐŽŶĞĐƚŝǀŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĚĂƌĄ ĂŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ Ă
ƉŽƌĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ ΀͘͘͘΁ ƚŝŶŚĂ ĚĞ ŝƌ ĞŵďŽƌĂ –
ĂŶƚĞƐ ƋƵĞƌŝĂ ŵĞ ĞŶƐŝŶĂƌ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ͕
importante”? ŝƐƚŽ Ġ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ĐŽŵƵŶŝƋƵĞ ĂůŐƵŵĂ
ϯ͘ K ŵĞŶŝŶŽ ƌĞǀĞůĂ ƐŝŵƉĂƚŝĂ ƉĞůŽ ĞƐƚƌĂŶŚŽ͕ ĐŽŝƐĂ͘
ƉŽƌ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĞůĞƐ͘ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĞƐƐĞƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ĐŝƚĞŵŽƐ
/ŶĚŝƋƵĞŽƚƌĞĐŚŽĞŵƋƵĞŝƐƐŽŽĐŽƌƌĞ͘ ŽƐ ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞƐƌĞůĂƚŝǀŽƐ ĞĂƐ ĐŽŶũƵŶĕƁĞƐ͘DƵŝƚŽƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĞƐ ĂĐŽŶƐĞůŚĂŵ͕ ŝŶĐůƵƐŝǀĞ͕ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂůƵŶŽƐ Ͳ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĞŵ Ă ΗůſŐŝĐĂΗ
ϰ͘ YƵĞ ƐĞŐƌĞĚŽƐ ƐŽďƌĞ ƐƵĂ ƉƌſƉƌŝĂ ǀŝĚĂ Ž ƉŽƌƚƌĄƐĚĞĐĂĚĂƵŵͲ ŵĞŵŽƌŝǌĞŵƉĞůŽŵĞŶŽƐ

ŵĞŶŝŶŽƌĞǀĞůĂĂŽĞƐƚƌĂŶŚŽ͍ ƵŵĂƉĂƌƚĞĚĞƐƐĞƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘

158
Žŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ăƐ ĐŽŶũƵŶĕƁĞƐ͕ ƚĞŵŽƐ ĂƐ ǆ͗͘ĞƐĚĞƋƵĞǀŽůƚŽƵ͕ĞƐƚĄŵĂŝƐĞƐƉĞƌƚĂ͘

ĐŽŽƌĚĞŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ͕ƋƵĞƐĆŽ͗ ● ŽŶĨŽƌŵŝĚĂĚĞ͗ĐŽŵŽ͕ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ͕
● ĚŝĕĆŽ͗Ğ͕ŶĞŵ͕ŵĂƐƚĂŵďĠŵ͘ ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ͘
ǆ.: “Ele começou a rir Ğsacudiu a cabeça.” ǆ͗͘&ŝǌĞƌĂŵƚƵĚŽĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞŽĐŽŵďŝŶĂĚŽ͘
● ĚǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ;ŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽͿ͗ĞŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ŵĂƐ͕ ● ŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ͗ĚĞŵŽĚŽƋƵĞ͕ƚĆŽͬƚĂŶƚŽ͘͘͘
ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ĐŽŶƚƵĚŽ͕ƚŽĚĂǀŝĂ͘ ƋƵĞ͘
ǆ͘: “Depois mostreiͲůŚĞŽWĂƐƚŽĨĨŶŽĨƵŶĚŽĚŽ ǆ͗͘ŽŵĞƵƚĂŶƚŽ͕ƋƵĞƚĞǀĞĚŝƐƚƷƌďŝŽ
ƋƵŝŶƚĂů͕ŵĂƐŽĐŽĞůŚŽŶĆŽƋƵĞƌŝĂƐĂďĞƌĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƐƚŝŶĂů͘
nós...” ● &ŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ĂĨŝŵĚĞƋƵĞ͕ƉĂƌĂƋƵĞ͘
● ůƚĞƌŶąŶĐŝĂ͗ŽƌĂ͘͘͘ŽƌĂ͕ŽƵ͘͘͘ŽƵ͕ƐĞũĂ͘͘͘ ǆ.: “Pena que minha amiga não estivesse por
ƐĞũĂ͕ƋƵĞƌ͘͘͘ƋƵĞƌ͘ Ăůŝ͕ƉĂƌĂƋƵĞele a conhecesse.”
ǆ͗͘ĂŵŝůĂŽƌĂĞƐƚƵĚĂ͕ŽƌĂďƌŝŶĐĂ͘ ● WƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ăƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽƋƵĞ͕ă
● ŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ͗WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ƉŽŝƐ;ĂƉſƐŽǀĞƌďŽͿ͕ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƋƵĞ͘
ůŽŐŽ͘ ǆ͗͘ŵĞĚŝĚĂƋƵĞĐƌĞƐĐŝĂ͕ĨŝĐĂǀĂŵĂŝƐďŽŶŝƚĂ͘
ǆ͗͘WĞŶƐŽ͕ůŽŐŽĞǆŝƐƚŽ͊ ● dĞŵƉŽ͗ůŽŐŽƋƵĞ͕ŵĂů͕ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ͕ĂƐƐŝŵ
● ǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͗WŽƌƋƵĞ͕ƋƵĞ͕ƉŽŝƐ;ĂŶƚĞƐĚŽ ƋƵĞ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽ͘
ǀĞƌďŽͿ͘ ǆ.: “EĂƋƵĞůĞƚĞŵƉŽ͕ĞƵĂĐŚĂǀĂƋƵĞĞƌĂďŽŵ
ǆ.: “...eram apenas três, ƉŽŝƐĨŽƌŵŝŐĂƐſĂŶĚĂ em aritmética...”
em fila.” KƐƉƌŽŶŽŵĞƐƌĞůĂƚŝǀŽƐ͕ƉŽƌƐƵĂǀĞǌ͕ƐĆŽ
:ĄĂƐĐŽŶũƵŶĕƁĞƐƐƵďŽƌĚŝŶĂƚŝǀĂƐƐĆŽ͗ ĞƐƚĞƐ͕ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͗
● ĂƵƐĂ͗:ĄƋƵĞ͕ǀŝƐƚŽƋƵĞ͕ĐŽŵŽ͕ƉŽƌƋƵġ͘ ● YƵĞ͗ƵƐĂĚŽĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂĐŽŝƐĂƐŽƵ
ǆ͗͘:ĄƋƵĞĨĂůƚŽƵĂĂƵůĂ͕ƚĞƌĄƋƵĞĐŽƉŝĂƌĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘
ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂĚĞƵŵĐŽůĞŐĂ͘ ǆ.: “...vim a entender o conselho ƋƵĞƚĂŶƚĂƐ
● ŽŵƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ͗ƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽ͕ŵĂŝƐ͘͘͘ƋƵĞ͕ vezes na vida deixei de cumprir.”
ŵĞŶŽƐ͘͘͘ƋƵĞ͕ƚĆŽͬƚĂŶƚŽ͘͘͘ĐŽŵŽ͘ ● YƵĞŵ͗ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞĂƉĞŶĂƐĂƉĞƐƐŽĂƐĞ
ǆ͗͘ĞĂƚƌŝǌĠŵĂŝƐĞƐƉĞƌƚĂĚŽƋƵĞƐƵĂƉƌŝŵĂ͘ ƐĞŵƉƌĞǀĞŵƉƌĞƉŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ͘
● ŽŶĐĞƐƐĆŽ͗ĂŝŶĚĂƋƵĞ͕ŵĞƐŵŽƋƵĞ͕ ǆ͗͘ƐƚĂĠĂŐĂƌŽƚĂĂƋƵĞŵĞůĞĂŵĂǀĂ͘
ĐŽŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ͕ĞŵďŽƌĂ͘ ● ƵũŽ͗ŝŶĚŝĐĂƉŽƐƐĞ͕ǀĞŵĞŶƚƌĞĚŽŝƐ
ǆ.: “Ficamos conversando um tempão, como ƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽƐĞĐŽŶĐŽƌĚĂĐŽŵŽŵĞƐŵŽ͘
ĚŽŝƐĂŵŝŐŽƐ͕ĞŵďŽƌĂĞůĞĨŽƐƐĞĐŝŶƋƵĞŶƚĂĂŶŽƐ ǆ͗͘ƐƚĞĠŽĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƌĐƵũĂŽďƌĂĞƵůŝ͘
mais velho.” ● KŶĚĞ͗ĞƋƵŝǀĂůĞĂĞŵƋƵĞŽƵŶŽƋƵĂů͕Ġ
● ŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ͗ĂƐŽ͕ĚĞƐĚĞƋƵĞ͕ĂŵĞŶŽƐƋƵĞ͕ ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚŽƉĂƌĂŝŶĚŝĐĂƌůŽĐĂů͘
ƐĞ͕ĂŶĆŽƋƵĞ͘ ǆ͗͘KŶĚĞĞƵĞƐƚŽƵŵŽƌĂŶĚŽĠŵƵŝƚŽďŽŶŝƚŽ͘

159
● YƵĂŶƚŽ͗ǀĞŵƉƌĞĐĞĚŝĚŽĚĞƵŵƉƌŽŶŽŵĞ homens”. O segundo era apenas a forma

ŝŶĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽ͗ƚƵĚŽ͕ƚĂŶƚĂ͕ƚŽĚŽ͕ƚŽĚĂƐ͘ nominal do verbo gripper, isto é, “agarrar”.
ǆ͗͘dĞŶŚŽƚƵĚŽƋƵĂŶƚŽƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ͘ ^ƵƉƁĞͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ ĨŝǌĞƐƐĞ ƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ ĂŽ ŵŽĚŽ
● YƵĂŶĚŽ͗ĠƵŵƉƌŽŶŽŵĞƌĞůĂƚŝǀŽƋƵĂŶĚŽ ǀŝŽůĞŶƚŽĐŽŵŽŽǀşƌƵƐƐĞĂƉŽƐƐĂĚŽŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽ
Ž ĂŶƚĞĐĞĚĞŶƚĞĚĄŝĚĞŝĂĚĞƚĞŵƉŽ͘ ŝŶĨĞĐƚĂĚŽ͘
ǆ͗͘ŵũĂŶĞŝƌŽ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽĞƵĞƐƚĂǀĂŶĂĐĂƐĂĚĂ
ZKZ/'h^͘^͘^ŽďƌĞƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͘sĞũĂ͕^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͕ϯϬŶŽǀ͘
ŵŝŶŚĂĂǀſ͕ĞƵĐĂŝĚĂĄƌǀŽƌĞ͘ ϮϬϭϭ͘
ϴ͘ WĂƌĂ ƐĞ ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌ Ž ƚƌĞĐŚŽ ĐŽŵŽ ƵŵĂ

As palavras “que” e “se”, além de serem ƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͕ Ġ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ůĞŝƚŽƌ
ĐŽŶũƵŶĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƚĞŵ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĕĂ Ă ůŝŐĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ƐĞƵƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘
funções. Fique atento! A palavra “que” pode EĞƐƐĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ Ă ĐŽĞƐĆŽ Ġ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşĚĂ
ƐĞƌ͗ ĐŽŶũƵŶĕĆŽ͕ ƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽ͕ ƉƌĞƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ͕ ƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƉĞůĂ ƌĞƚŽŵĂĚĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ
ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂ ĞǆƉůĞƚŝǀĂ ŽƵ ĚĞ ƌĞĂůĐĞ͕ ĂĚǀĠƌďŝŽ͕ ƚĞƌŵŽ ƉŽƌ ŽƵƚƌŽ Ğ ƉĞůŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĂ ĞůŝƉƐĞ͘ K
ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞ͕ŝŶƚĞƌũĞŝĕĆŽ͘ ĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ŚĄ ĐŽĞƐĆŽ ƉŽƌ
A palavra “ƐĞ” pode ser: parte integrante ĞůŝƉƐĞĚŽƐƵũĞŝƚŽĠ͗
ĚŽǀĞƌďŽ͕ĐŽŶũƵŶĕĆŽ͕ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂĞǆƉůĞƚŝǀĂŽƵĚĞ (A) “[...] a palavra gripe nos chegou após uma
ƌĞĂůĐĞ͕ ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂ ĂƉĂƐƐŝǀĂĚŽƌĂ͕ ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞ série de contágios entre línguas.”
ƌĞĨůĞǆŝǀŽ͕şŶĚŝĐĞĚĞŝŶĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĕĆŽĚŽƐƵũĞŝƚŽ͘ (B) “Partiu da Itália em 1743 a epidemia de
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ gripe [...]”.

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĐŽŶĐƵƌƐŽƐŶŽďƌĂƐŝů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞƐĐŽůĂͬƉŽƌƚƵŐƵĞ
ƐͬĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐͲĚĞͲ (C) “O primeiro era um termo derivado do
ĐŽĞƐĂŽ͘Śƚŵůη͗Ε͗ƚĞǆƚсWŽĚĞŵŽƐйϮϬĚŝǌĞƌйϮϬƋƵĞйϮϬƚĂŝƐй ůĂƚŝŵ ŵĞĚŝĞǀĂů ŝŶĨůƵĞŶƚŝĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂǀĂ
ϮϬĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ŽйϮϬƚĞǆƚŽйϮϬĐŽŵƵŶŝƋƵĞйϮϬĂůŐƵŵĂйϮϬĐ
ŽŝƐĂ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϬĚĞĂďƌ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘ ‘influência dos astros sobre os homens’.”
(D) “SupõeͲƐĞƋƵĞĨŝǌĞƐƐĞƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂĂŽŵŽĚŽ
dĞǆƚŽ/
ǀŝŽůĞŶƚŽĐŽŵŽŽǀşƌƵƐƐĞĂƉŽƐƐĂĚŽŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽ
'ƌŝƉĂĚŽ͕ƉĞŶƐŽĞŶƚƌĞĞƐƉŝƌƌŽƐĞŵĐŽŵŽĂ
infectado.”
ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ŐƌŝƉĞ ŶŽƐ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ ĂƉſƐ ƵŵĂ ƐĠƌŝĞ ĚĞ
ĐŽŶƚĄŐŝŽƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ůşŶŐƵĂƐ͘ WĂƌƚŝƵ ĚĂ /ƚĄůŝĂ Ğŵ
dĞǆƚŽ//
ϭϳϰϯĂĞƉŝĚĞŵŝĂĚĞŐƌŝƉĞƋƵĞĚŝƐƐĞŵŝŶŽƵƉĞůĂ
ƵůƚŝǀĂƌ Ƶŵ ĞƐƚŝůŽ ĚĞ ǀŝĚĂ ƐĂƵĚĄǀĞů Ġ
ƵƌŽƉĂ͕ĂůĠŵĚŽǀşƌƵƐƉƌŽƉƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞĚŝƚŽ͕ĚŽŝƐ
ĞǆƚƌĞŵĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ĚŝŵŝŶƵŝƌ Ž
ǀŽĐĄďƵůŽƐ ǀŝƌĂŝƐ͗ Ž ŝƚĂůŝĂŶŽ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶǌĂ Ğ Ž
ƌŝƐĐŽ ĚĞ ŝŶĨĂƌƚŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĚĞ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ
ĨƌĂŶĐġƐ ŐƌŝƉƉĞ͘ K ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ƚĞƌŵŽ
ĐŽŵŽ ŵŽƌƚĞ ƐƷďŝƚĂ Ğ ĚĞƌƌĂŵĞ͘ ^ŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂ ƋƵĞ
ĚĞƌŝǀĂĚŽ ĚŽ ůĂƚŝŵ ŵĞĚŝĞǀĂů ŝŶĨůƵĞŶƚŝĂ͕ ƋƵĞ
ŵĂŶƚĞƌ ƵŵĂ ĂůŝŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ƐĂƵĚĄǀĞů Ğ ƉƌĂƚŝĐĂƌ
significava “influência dos astros sobre os
ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ĨşƐŝĐĂ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌŵĞŶƚĞ ũĄ ƌĞĚƵǌ͕ ƉŽƌ Ɛŝ

160
Ɛſ͕ ĂƐ ĐŚĂŶĐĞƐ ĚĞ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ (C) “Ele começou a rir e sacudiu a cabeça...”
ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ͘ ůĠŵ ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ Ġ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ž (D) “WĂƌĂƐƵƌƉƌĞƐĂŵŝŶŚĂ͕ŶĞŵŽŚŽŵĞŵĨŝĐŽƵ
ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞ ĚĂ ƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚĞƌŝĂů͕ ĚŽƐ ŶşǀĞŝƐ ĚĞ com medo do cachorrão...”
ĐŽůĞƐƚĞƌŽů Ğ ĚĞ ŐůŝĐŽƐĞ ŶŽ ƐĂŶŐƵĞ͘ dĂŵďĠŵ
ĂũƵĚĂ Ă ĚŝŵŝŶƵŝƌ Ž ĞƐƚƌĞƐƐĞ Ğ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ Ă WƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĚĞWƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞdĞǆƚŽ
ĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĨşƐŝĐĂ͕ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ͕ ƐŽŵĂĚŽƐ͕ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂƐ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ƌĞĚƵǌĞŵ ĂƐ ĐŚĂŶĐĞƐ ĚĞ ŝŶĨĂƌƚŽ͘ ǆĞƌĐŝƚĂƌͲƐĞ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĂƌ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ ĂŽ ŽůŚĂƌ ĚŽ
ŶĞƐƐĞƐĐĂƐŽƐ͕ĐŽŵĂĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĂŵĞŶƚŽŵĠĚŝĐŽĞ ĂůƵŶŽ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ŝƌ ĂůĠŵ ĚĂƐ ĚĞƐĐƌŝĕƁĞƐ
ŵŽĚĞƌĂĕĆŽ͕ĠĂůƚĂŵĞŶƚĞƌĞĐŽŵĞŶĚĄǀĞů͘ ůŝƚĞƌĂŝƐ͕ ĚĂƐ ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĞǀĞŶƚŽƐ ĞƚĐ͘ ƐƐĞ
ŐġŶĞƌŽ ĞǆŝŐĞ Ƶŵ ĞǆĞƌĐşĐŝŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĐĂƌĂƌ Ă
d>/͕D͘EŽƐƐĂǀŝĚĂ͘ƉŽĐĂ͘ϮϯŵĂƌ͘ϮϬϬϵ͘
ƐƵďũĞƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞĞĂƵƚŽƌŝĂĚĞĐĂĚĂƵŵ͕ƉŽƌŝƐƐŽŚĄ
ϵ͘ ƐŝĚĞŝĂƐǀĞŝĐƵůĂĚĂƐŶŽƚĞǆƚŽƐĞŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂŵ ŵƵŝƚŽĞƐƉĂĕŽƉĂƌĂĂƐƐĞŶƐĂĕƁĞƐ͕ĂƐĞŵŽĕƁĞƐĞ
ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĂƚƵĂŵ ŶĂ ĂƐƌĞĨůĞǆƁĞƐ͘
ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͘ ĞƐƐĞ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ͕ ƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĞĚĂůĞŐĞŶĚĂĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕
ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂͲƐĞ͕ŶŽĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽ͕ƋƵĞ ĞůĂďŽƌĞ ƵŵĂ ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ͘ /ŵĂŐŝŶĞ ƋƵĞ ƐĞƵ ƚĞǆƚŽ
ƐĞƌĄƉƵďůŝĐĂĚŽŶŽŵĞƐŵŽƐŝƚĞŽŶĚĞĂŝŵĂŐĞŵ
(A) a expressão “Além disso” marca uma ĨŽŝǀĞŝĐƵůĂĚĂ͘EĞƐƚĂĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ͕ǀŽĐġĚĞǀĞƌĄ͗
ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽĚĞŝĚĞŝĂƐ͘
(B) o conectivo “mas também” inicia oração ;ͿWŽƐŝĐŝŽŶĞͲƐĞĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽăŝŵĂŐĞŵ͘sŽĐġĠ
ƋƵĞĞǆƉƌŝŵĞŝĚĞŝĂĚĞĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞ͘ ĂƉĞƐƐŽĂŶĂĨŽƚŽ͍ƵŵĂƉĞƐƐŽĂƋƵĞŽďƐĞƌǀĂĂ
;ͿŽtermo “como”, em “como morte súbita e ĐĞŶĂ ĂŽ ǀŝǀŽ͍ hŵ ůĞŝƚŽƌ ĚŽ ƐŝƚĞ ƋƵĞ ůĞƵ Ă
derrame”, introduz uma generalização. ŶŽƚşĐŝĂ͍
(D) o termo “Também” exprime uma ;ͿEĂƌƌĞĞĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĂĂĐĞŶĂ͕ƵŵĂƉĞƐƐŽĂƋƵĞ
ũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂ͘ ŶĆŽ ǀŝƵ Ă ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ĚĞǀĞ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌ
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌͬ“visualizar” a cena.
ϭϬ͘ A partir da crônica “K ^ĞŐƌĞĚŽ” de ;ͿŽŵƉĂƌƚŝůŚĞŽƐƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĞĂƐƌĞĨůĞǆƁĞƐ
&ĞƌŶĂŶĚŽ ^ĂďŝŶŽ͕ ĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ Ğ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚƵĞ ŽƐ ůĞǀĂŶƚĂĚĂƐ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ Ğ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĐŽĞƐŝǀŽƐĚĂƐŽƌĂĕƁĞƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ ůĞŐĞŶĚĂ͘ WŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ĞƐƐĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ĨŽŝ
ƉĂƌĂƌĂůŝ͍KƋƵĞĞůĂĞƐƚĄǀŝǀĞŶĚŽĞƐĞŶƚŝŶĚŽ͍K
(A) “ƐƚĂǀĂ ĞŵƉĞŶŚĂĚŽ ŶŝƐƐŽ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƐĞŶƚŝ ƋƵĞŽĞƐƉĞĐƚĂĚŽƌƐĞŶƚĞĂŽŽďƐĞƌǀĄͲůĂ͍
que havia alguém em pé atrás de mim.” ;Ϳ &ŽƌŵƵůĞ Ƶŵ ĚĞƐĨĞĐŚŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ƐĞƵ ƚĞǆƚŽ͘
(B) “hŵĂǀŽǌĚĞŚŽŵĞŵ͕ƋƵĞƐŽŽƵĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌĂŽƐ Formulações como “tudo não passou de um
meus ouvidos, perguntou:...” sonho” não serão aceitas.

161
ĐĂůĐĂŶŚĂƌ ŶĂ ůĂŵĂ͕ ƌŽĚŽƵ ƐŽďƌĞ ĞůĞ Ž ƉĠ͕

ƌŝƐĐĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŵ ŽĚĞĚĆŽ ƵŵĂ ĐŝƌĐƵŶĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂŶŽ
ĐŚĆŽŵŽůĞ— ŽƵƚƌĂĞŵĂŝƐŽƵƚƌĂ͘dƌġƐĐşƌĐƵůŽƐ
ĞŶƚƌĞůĂĕĂĚŽƐ͕ ĐƵũŽƐ ĐĞŶƚƌŽƐ ĨŽƌŵĂǀĂŵ Ƶŵ
ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽĞƋƵŝůĄƚĞƌŽ͘
/ƐƚŽĞƌĂƐŝŵƉĂƚŝĂƉĂƌĂĨĂǌĞƌĞƐƚŝĂƌ͘Ž
ŵĞŶŝŶŽǀŽůƚŽƵ͗
— WƌŽŶƚŽ͕ǀſ͘
— KƌŝŽũĄĞŶĐŚĞƵŵĂŝƐ͍— ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚŽƵ
ĞůĂ͘
— Chi, tá um mar d’água! Qué vê, espia,
— ĞĂƉŽŶƚŽƵĐŽŵŽĚĞĚŽƉĂƌĂĨŽƌĂĚŽƌĂŶĐŚŽ͘
ǀĞůŚĂ ĨŽŝ ĂƚĠ Ă ƉŽƌƚĂ Ğ ůĂŶĕŽƵ Ă ǀŝƐƚĂ͘ WĂƌĂ
ƚŽĚŽůĂĚŽŚĂǀŝĂĄŐƵĂ͘^ŽŵĞŶƚĞƉĂƌĂŽƐƵů͕ƉĂƌĂ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬũŽǀĞŵƉĂŶ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƉƌŽŐƌĂŵĂƐͬũŽƌŶĂůͲĚĂͲ Ă ǀĄƌǌĞĂ͕ Ġ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ŵĂŝƐ ĞŶǆƵƚŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ž
ŵĂŶŚĂͬƉĂŶĚĞŵŝĂͲĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌͲŵŽƌĂĚŽƌĞƐͲƌƵĂͲƐƉ͘Śƚŵů ďƌĂĕŽ ĚŽ ƌŝŽ Ăş ĞƌĂ ƉĞƋƵĞŶŽ͘ ǀĞůŚĂ ǀŽůƚŽƵ
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϬĂďƌ͘ϮϬϮϮ͘
ƉĂƌĂĚĞŶƚƌŽ͕ĂƌƌĂƐƚĂŶĚŽͲƐĞƉĞůŽĐŚĆŽ͕ĨĞŝƚŽƵŵ
ĐĂĐŚŽƌƌŽ͕ ĐĂĚĞůĂ͕ ĂůŝĄƐ͗ ĞƌĂ ĞŶƚƌĞǀĂĚĂ͘ ,ĂǀŝĂ
vinte anos apanhara um “ar de estupor” e
ĚĞƐĚĞĞŶƚĆŽŶƵŶĐĂŵĂŝƐƐĞǀĂůĞƌĂĚĂƐƉĞƌŶĂƐ͕
ƋƵĞŵƵƌĐŚĂƌĂŵĞƐĞĞƐƚŽƌĐĞƌĂŵ͘
ŽŵĞĕŽƵĂĞƐĐƵƌĞĐĞƌŶĞǀƌŽƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘
hŵĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ ƋƵĞ ǀŝŶŚĂ ǀĂŐĂƌŽƐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕
KƐŵĞůŚŽƌĞƐŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĞƌŶĂƌĚŽůŝƐĞƐƚſƌŝĂƐ
ŝƌƌĞŵĞĚŝĂǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĐŽŵŽŽƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐŽĚĞƵŵĂ
ĚĂĂƐĂsĞůŚĂĚĂWŽŶƚĞ͕ŽƌĂŽƌĂůŝŶĂ͘WƌŽũĞƚŽ ĚŽĞŶĕĂĨĂƚĂů͘
ŝĚĞĂůŝǌĂĚŽƉĞůŽWƌŽĨ͘/ǀĂŝƌůǀĞƐ͕ǀŝƐĂŝŶĐĞŶƚŝǀĂƌ K YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĨŝůŚŽ ĚĂ ǀĞůŚĂ͕ ĞŶƚƌŽƵ͘
ƐƚĂǀĂ ĞŶƐŽƉĂĚŝŶŚŽ ĚĂ ƐŝůǀĂ͘ ĞƉĞŶĚƵƌŽƵ
ŽƐ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ ĂŽ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞ ƉĞůĂ ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ
ŶƵŵĂ ĨŽƌƋƵŝůŚĂ Ă ĐĂƌŽĕĂ͕ — ƋƵĞ Ġ Ă ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ
ĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ ĚŽ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ă ůŝƚĞƌĂƚƵƌĂ Ğ ŵĂŝƐ ĂŶĂůĨĂďĞƚĂ ĚĞ ƐĞ ĞƐĐŽŶĚĞƌ ĚĂ ĐŚƵǀĂ͕ —
ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂŶĚŽͲĂĐŽŵŽŵĞŝŽĚĞĞŶƚƌĞƚĞŶŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƚŝƌŽƵĂĐĂŵŝƐĂŵŽůŚĂĚĂĚŽĐŽƌƉŽĞƐĞĂŐĂĐŚŽƵ
ŶĂďĞŝƌĂĚĂĨŽƌŶĂůŚĂ͘
ĞĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂĕĆŽĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͘
— DĆĞ͕ŽǀĂƵƚĄƋƵĞƚĄƐƵŵŝŶŽĂŐĞŶƚĞ͘
ƐƚĞĂŶŽŵĞƐŵŽ͕ƐĞĞƵƐĂũƵĚĄ͕ŶſŝƐƐĞŵƵĚĂ͘
^KϭͲ KEdKϭ– &sZ/ZK KŶĚĞĞůĞƐĞĂŐĂĐŚŽƵ͕ĞƐƚĂǀĂĂŐŽƌĂƵŵĂ
ůĂŐŽĂ͕ ĚĂ ĄŐƵĂ ĞƐĐŽƌƌŝĚĂ ĚĂ ĐĂůĕĂ ĚĞ ĂůŐŽĚĆŽ
KƐŵĞůŚŽƌĞƐĐŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĞƌŶĂƌĚŽůŝƐĞƐƚſƌŝĂƐĚĂ
ŐƌŽƐƐŽ͘
ĐĂƐĂǀĞůŚĂĚĂƉŽŶƚĞ͗ŽƌĂŽƌĂůŝŶĂ͘
ǀĞůŚĂƚƌŽƵǆĞͲůŚĞƵŵƉƌĂƚŽĚĞĨŽůŚĂĞ
ĞůĞ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ƚŝƌĂƌ͕ ĐŽŵ Ă ĐŽůŚĞƌ ƚĞ ƉĂƵ͕ Ž
EŚŽůĂĚŽƐŶũŽƐĞĂĐŚĞŝĂĚŽZŝŽŽƌƵŵďĄ
ĨĞŝũĆŽƋƵĞŶƚĞĚĂƉĂŶĞůĂĚĞďĂƌƌŽ͘ƌĂƵŵĨĞŝũĆŽ
— &ŝŽ͕ĨĂŝƐƵŵǌſŝŽĚĞďŽŝůĄĨŽƌĂƉƌĂŶſŝƐ͘ ďƌĂŶĐĂĐĞŶƚŽ͕ ĐĂƐĐƵĚŽ͕ ĐŽǌŝĚŽ ƐĞŵ ŐŽƌĚƵƌĂ͘
K ŵĞŶŝŶŽ ƐĂŝƵ ĚŽ ƌĂŶĐŚŽ ĐŽŵ Ƶŵ ĞƌƌƵďŽƵ ĨĂƌŝŶŚĂ ĚĞ ŵĂŶĚŝŽĐĂ Ğŵ ĐŝŵĂ͕
ďĂŝǆĞŝƌŽ ŶĂ ĐĂďĞĕĂ͕ Ğ ŶŽ ƚĞƌƌĞŝƌŽ͕ ĚĞďĂŝǆŽ ĚĂ ŵĞǆĞƵĞƉƀƐͲƐĞĂĨĂǌĞƌŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĐĂƉŝƚĆĞƐĐŽŵĂ
ĐŚƵǀĂ ŵŝƷĚĂ Ğ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂĚĂ͕ ĞŶĨŝŶĐŽƵ Ž ŵĆŽ͕ĐŽŵƋƵĞĞŶƚƌŽƵǆĂǀĂĂďŽĐĂƌƌĂ͘

162
ŐŽƌĂĂŐĞŶƚĞƐſŽƵǀŝĂŽƌŽŶĐŽĚŽƌŝŽůĄ ƉŽĚƌŝĚĆŽŐĞƌĂǀĂ͘ZĂƚŽƐ͕ƐĂƉŽƐ͕ďĂƌĂƚĂƐ͕ŐƌŝůŽƐ͕
ĞŵďĂŝǆŽ — ƌŽŶĐŽ ĐŽŶĨƵƐŽ͕ ƌŽƵĐŽ͕ ŽƌĂ ŵĂŝƐ ĂƌĂŶŚĂƐ͕ — Ž ĚŝĂďŽ ƌĞĨƵŐŝĂǀĂͲƐĞ Ăůŝ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ͕
ĨŽƌƚĞ͕ ŽƌĂ ŵĂŝƐ ĨƌĂĐŽ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ ĨŽƐƐĞ Ƶŵ ĨƵŐŝŶĚŽ ă ŝŶƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĂŽƐ ƉŽƵĐŽƐ ŝĂ
ǌƵŶǌƵŵƐƵďƚĞƌƌąŶĞŽ͘ ŐĂůŐĂŶĚŽĂƉĞƌĂŵďĞŝƌĂĚŽŵŽƌƌŽƚĞ͘
ĐĂůĕĂ ĚĞ ĂůŐŽĚĆŽ ĐƌƵ ĚŽ ƌŽĐĞŝƌŽ YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞƐĂŝƵĂŽƚĞƌƌĞŝƌŽĞŽůŚŽƵĂ
ĨƵŵĞŐĂǀĂ ĂŶƚĞ Ž ĐĂůŽƌ ĚĂ ĨŽƌŶĂůŚĂ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ ŶŽŝƚĞ͘ EĆŽ ŚĂǀŝĂ ĐĠƵ͕ ŶĆŽ ŚĂǀŝĂ ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĞ —
ƉĞŐĂƐƐĞĨŽŐŽ͘ ĞƌĂ ĂƋƵĞůĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ ĐŽŶĨƵƐĂ͕ ƚƌĂŶƐůƷĐŝĚĂ Ğ
:ĄƚŝŶŚĂƉƌĂŵĂŝƐĚĞŽŝƚĞŶƚĂĂŶŽƐƋƵĞŽƐ ƉĞŐĂũŽƐĂ͘ ůĂƌĞĂǀĂ ĂƐ ƚƌĞǀĂƐ Ž ďƌĂŶĐŽ ůĞŝƚŽƐŽ
ĚŽƐ ŶũŽƐ ŵŽƌĂǀĂŵ Ăůŝ ŶĂ ĨŽǌ ĚŽ ĂƉŝǀĂƌŝ ŶŽ ĚĂƐ ĄŐƵĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĐĞƌĐĂǀĂŵ Ž ƌĂŶĐŚŽ͘ ůŝ ƉƌĂƐ
ŽƌƵŵďĄ͘ K ƌĂŶĐŚŽ ƐĞ ĞƌŐƵŝĂŶƵŵ ŵŽƌƌŽƚĞ Ă ďĂŶĚĂƐ ĚĂ ǀĂƌŐĞŵ Ġ ƋƵĞ ĂŝŶĚĂ ƐĞ ĚŝǀŝƐĂǀĂ Ž
ĐĂǀĂůĞŝƌŽ ĚĞ ƚĞƌƌĞŶŽƐ ďĂŝǆŽƐ Ğ ƉĂůƵĚŽƐŽƐ͘ ǀƵůƚŽ ŶĞŐƌŽ Ğ ŵĂů ƌĞĐŽƌƚĂĚŽ ĚŽ ŵĂƚŽ͘ EĞŵ
ĐĂƐĂ ĨŝĐĂǀĂ ŶƵŵ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽ͕ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ĚŽŝƐ ůĂĚŽƐ ƵŵĂ ĞƐƚƌĞůĂ͘ EĞŵ Ƶŵ ƉŝƌŝůĂŵƉŽ͘ EĞŵ Ƶŵ
ĞƌĂŵĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐƉŽƌƌŝŽƐ͕ĞŽƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŽ͕ƉŽƌƵŵĂ ƌĞůąŵƉĂŐŽ͘ ŶŽŝƚĞ ĞƌĂ ĨĞŝƚŽ Ƶŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ
ǀĂƌŐĞŵ ĚĞ ďƵƌŝƚŝƐ͘ EŽƐ ƚĞŵƉŽƐ ĚĞ ĐŚĞŝĂƐ ŽƐ ĐĂĚĄǀĞƌ͕ ĚĞ ŽůŚŽƐ ĂďĞƌƚŽƐ Ğ ĞŵďĂĐŝĂĚŽƐ͘ KƐ
ŚĂďŝƚĂŶƚĞƐĨŝĐĂǀĂŵŝůŚĂĚŽƐ͕ŵĂƐĂƉĂƐƐĂŐĞŵĚĂ ŐƌŝƚŽƐ ĨƌŝŽƌĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ ŵĂƌƌĞĐĂƐ ƉŽǀŽĂǀĂŵ ĚĞ
ǀĄƌǌĞĂ ĞƌĂ ƌĂƐĂ Ğ ƉŽĚŝĂͲƐĞ ǀĂĚĞĂƌ ƚĞƌƌŽƌŽƌŽŶĐŽŵĞĚŽŶŚŽĚĂĐŚĞŝĂ͘
ƉĞƌĨĞŝƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ EŽ ĐĂŶƚŽ ĞƐĐƵƌŽ ĚŽ ƋƵĂƌƚŽ͕ Ž ƉŝƚŽ ĚĂ
EŽƚĞŵƉŽĚĂŐƵĞƌƌĂĚŽ>ŽƉĞƐ͕ŽƵĂŶƚĞƐ ǀĞůŚĂ EŚŽůĂ ĂĐĞŶĚŝĂͲƐĞ Ğ ĂƉĂŐĂǀĂͲƐĞ
ĂŝŶĚĂ͕Ž Ăǀƀ ĚĞ YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ ǀĞŝŽĚĞDŝŶĂƐ Ğ ƐŝŶŝƐƚƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĂůƵŵŝĂŶĚŽƐĞƵƌŽƐƚŽŵĂĐŝůĞŶƚŽ
ŵŽŶƚŽƵ Ăůŝ ƐƵĂ ĨĂǌĞŶĚĂ ĚĞ ŐĂĚŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ă ĞĨƵǆŝĐĂĚŽ͘
ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐĂ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşƌĂ Ƶŵ ĞǆĐĞůĞŶƚĞ — KĐġ ďŽƚĂ Ă ŐĞŶƚĞ ŚŽũĞ Ğŵ ƌŝďĂ ĚŽ
ĂƉĂƌƚĂĚŽƌ͘ K ŐĂĚŽ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ Ž ǀĞůŚŽ ũŝƌĂƵ͕ ǀŝƵ͍ — ƉĞĚŝƵ ĞůĂ ĂŽ ĨŝůŚŽ͘ — Žŵ ĞƐƐĂ
ŵŽƌƌĞƵ͕ ũĄ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ƋƵĂƐĞ ĞǆƚŝŶƚŽ ƉĞůĂƐ ĞƌǀĂƐ ĐŚƵǀĞŝƌĂ ĚĞ ĚŝůƷǀŝŽ͕ ƚƵĚŽ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ġ ŵƵŶĚŝĐĞ
ĚĂŶŝŶŚĂƐ͘ Ăş ƉĂƌĂ ĐĄ ĨŽŝ Ă ĚĞĐĂĚġŶĐŝĂ͘ EŽ ĞŶƚƌĂ ƉƌŽ ƌĂŶĐŚŽ Ğ ĞƵ ŶƵŵ ƋƵĞƌŽ ĚƌƵŵŝ ŶŽ
ůƵŐĂƌĚĂĐĂƐĂĚĞƚĞůŚĂƐ͕ƋƵĞƌƵŝƵ͕ĞƌŐƵĞƌĂŵƵŵ ĐŚĆŽŶĆŽ͘
ƌĂŶĐŚŽ ĚĞ ƉĂůŚĂƐ͘ ĞƌǀĂ ƐĞ ŝŶĐƵŵďŝƵ ĚĞ ůĂ ƌĞĐĞĂǀĂ Ă ďĂŝƚĂ ĐĂƐĐĂǀĞů ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚĂ
ĂƌƌĂƐĂƌŽƌĞƐƚŽĚŽŐĂĚŽĞĂƐĨĞďƌĞƐĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘ ĂŐŽƌŝŶŚĂ ĂƚƌĂǀĞƐƐĂƌĂ Ă ĐŽǌŝŶŚĂ ŶƵŵĂ
“— ƐƚĞ ĂŶŽ͕ ƐĞ ĞƵƐ ĂũƵĚĄ͕ ŶſŝƐ ƐĞ ŝŶƚŝŵŝĚĂĚĞƉĂĐŚŽƌƌĞŶƚĂ͘
muda.” Há quarenta anos a velha Nhola vinha YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĞŶƚŝƵ Ƶŵ ĨƌŝŽ ƌƵŝŵ ŶŽ
ŽƵǀŝŶĚŽĂƋƵĞůĂĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂĨŝĂĚĂ͘ƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽĨŽƌĂ ůŽŵďŽ͘ůĞĚŽƌŵŝĂĐŽŵĂƌŽƵƉĂĞŶƐŽƉĂĚĂ͕ŵĂƐ
seu marido: “—EſŝƐƉƌĞĐŝƐĂĚĞŵƵĚĄ͕ƉƌƵƋƵġ ĂƋƵĞůĞĨƌŝŽƋƵĞĞƐƚĂǀĂƐĞŶƚŝŶĚŽĞƌĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ͘
senão a água leva nóis”. Ele morreu de maleita &ŽŝƉƵǆĂƌŽďĂŝǆĞŝƌŽĞŶŝƐƚŽĞƐďĂƌƌŽƵĐŽŵĄŐƵĂ͘
ĞŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂƌĂŵŶŽůƵŐĂƌ͘ĞƉŽŝƐĞƌĂŽ WƵůŽƵ ĚŽ ũŝƌĂƵ ŶŽ ĐŚĆŽ Ğ Ă ĄŐƵĂ ƐƵďŝƵͲůŚĞ ĂŽ
ĨŝůŚŽƋƵĞĨĂůĂǀĂĂƐƐŝŵ͕ŵĂƐŶƵŶĐĂƐĞŵƵĚĂƌĂ͘ ƵŵďŝŐŽ͘ ^ĞŶƚŝƵ Ƶŵ ĂƉĞƌƚŽ ŶŽ ĐŽƌĂĕĆŽ Ğ ƵŵĂ
ĂƐĂƌĂͲƐĞ Ăůŝ͗ ƚŝǀĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ĨŝůŚŽ͖ Ă ŵƵůŚĞƌ ĚĞůĞ͕ ƚŽŶƚĞŝƌĂ ĞŶũŽĂĚĂ͘ K ƌĂŶĐŚŽ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ
ŶŽƌĂ ĚĞ EŚŽůĂ͕ ŵŽƌƌĞƵ ĚĞ ŵĂůĞŝƚĂ͘ ĂŝŶĚĂ ǀŝƐĐŽƐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŝůƵŵŝŶĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ƌĞĨůĞǆŽ ĚŽ
ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂƌĂŵŶŽŵĞƐŵŽůƵŐĂƌĂǀĞůŚĂEŚŽůĂ͕Ž ůşƋƵŝĚŽ͘hŵĂůƵǌĐĂŶƐĂĚĂĞŝŶĐƀŵŽĚĂ͕ƋƵĞŶĆŽ
ĨŝůŚŽ YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ Ğ Ž ŶĞƚŽ͕ Ƶŵ ďŝƌƵǌŝŶŚŽ ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝĂ ĚŝǀŝƐĂƌ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƚŽƌŶŽƐ ĚĂƐ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ͘
ƐĞŵƉƌĞƉĞƌƌĞŶŐĂĚŽ͘ ŝƌŝŐŝƵͲƐĞ ĂŽ ũŝƌĂƵ ĚĂ ǀĞůŚĂ͘ ůĂ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ
ĐŚƵǀĂ ĐĂşĂ ŵĞƚŝĐƵůŽƐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƐĞŵ ĂŐĂĐŚĂĚĂƐŽďƌĞĞůĞ͕ĐŽŵƵŵďƌŝůŚŽĂǌŝĂŐŽŶŽ
ƉƌĞƐƐĂĚĞĐĞƐƐĂƌ͘ƉĂůŚĂĚŽƌĂŶĐŚŽƉŽƌĞũĂǀĂ ŽůŚĂƌ;ϮͿ͘
ĄŐƵĂ͕ ĨĞĚŝĂ Ă ƉŽĚƌĞ͕ ĚĞƌƌƵďĂŶĚŽ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĂ
ĐĂƐĂ ƵŵĂ ŝŶĨŝŶŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ďŝĐŚŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ă ƐƵĂ

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>Ą ĨŽƌĂ Ž ďĂƌƵůŚĆŽ ĐŽŶĨƵƐŽ͕ ƵŵĂƌŝƉĂŵĂŝƐĐŽŵƉƌŝĚĂƉĂƌĂƐĞƌǀŝƌĚĞǀĂƌĞũĆŽ͕

ƐƵďƚĞƌƌąŶĞŽ͕ ƐƵďůŝŶŚĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ƵŝǀŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ Ğ ůĄ ƐĞ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĚĞƌŝǀĂŶĚŽ͕ ŶĞƐƐĂ ũĂŶŐĂĚĂ
ĐĂĐŚŽƌƌŽ͘ ŝŵƉƌŽǀŝƐĂĚĂ͘
—ĚŽŶĚĞƐĞƌĄƋƵĞƚĄŽĐŚƵůŝŶŚŽ͍ — Ž ĐŚƵůŝŶŚŽ͍ — ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚŽƵ Ž
&Žŝ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ƉĂƌĞĚĞ ĚŽ ƌĂŶĐŚŽ ŵĞŶŝŶŽ͕ŵĂƐĂƷŶŝĐĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĨŽŝŵĞƐŵŽŽƵŝǀŽ
ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ĚĞƐŵŽƌŽŶĂƌ͘ KƐ ƚŽƌƌƁĞƐ ĚĞ ďĂƌƌŽ ĚŽĐĂĐŚŽƌƌŽ͘
ĚŽƉĂƵͲĂͲƉŝƋƵĞƐĞĚĞƐƉƌĞŶĚŝĂŵĚŽƐĂŵĂƌƌŝůŚŽƐ YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƚĞŶƚĂǀĂ ĂƚŝƌĂƌ Ă ũĂŶŐĂĚĂ
ĚĞĞŵďŝƌĂƐĞĐĂşĂŵŶĄŐƵĂĐŽŵƵŵďĂƌƵůŚŝŶŚŽ ƉĂƌĂĂǀĂƌŐĞŵ͕ĂĨŝŵĚĞĂůĐĂŶĕĂƌĂƐĄƌǀŽƌĞƐ͘
ďƌŝŶĐĂůŚĆŽ — ƚĐŚŝďƵŶŐƵĞ — ƚŝďƵŶŐƵĞ͘ Ğ ĞŵďĂƌĐĂĕĆŽŵĂŶƚŝŶŚĂͲƐĞĂĐŽŝƐĂĚĞĚŽŝƐĚĞĚŽƐ
ƌĞƉĞŶƚĞ͕ ĨŽŝͲƐĞ ƚŽĚŽ Ž ƉĂŶŽ ĚĞ ƉĂƌĞĚĞ͘ Ɛ ĂĐŝŵĂ ĚĂ ƐƵƉĞƌĨşĐŝĞ ĚĂƐ ĄŐƵĂƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ƐƵƐƚŝŶŚĂ
ĄŐƵĂƐĂŐŝƚĂĚĂƐǀŝĞƌĂŵďĂŶŚĂƌĂƐƉĞƌŶĂƐŝŶƷƚĞŝƐ ƐĂƚŝƐĨĂƚŽƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ĐĂƌŐĂ͘ K ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ
ĚĞŵĆĞEŚŽůĂ͗ ĞƌĂ ĂůĐĂŶĕĂƌ Ă ǀĂƌŐĞŵ͕ ĂŐĂƌƌĂƌͲƐĞ ĂŽƐ ŐĂůŚŽƐ
— Nossa Senhora d’Abadia do ĚĂƐ ĄƌǀŽƌĞƐ͕ ƐĂŝƌ ƉŽƌ ĞƐƐĞ ƷŶŝĐŽ ƉŽŶƚŽ ŵĂŝƐ
DƵƋƵĠŵ͊ ƉƌſǆŝŵŽ Ğ ŵĂŝƐ ƐĞŐƵƌŽ͘ Ăş Ğŵ ĚŝĂŶƚĞ Ž ƌŝŽ
—DĞƵŝǀŝŶŽWĂĚƌĞƚĞƌŶŽ͊ ƉĞŐĂǀĂ Ă ĞƐƚƌĞŝƚĂƌͲƐĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ ďĂƌƌĂŶĐŽƐ
KŵĞŶŝŶŽĐŚŽƌĂǀĂĂŽƐďĞƌƌŽƐ͕ƚƌĂƚĂŶĚŽ ĂƚĂĐĂĚŽƐ͕ ĂƚĠ ĐĂŝƌ ŶĂ ĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĂ͘ ƌĂ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ
ĚĞ ƐƵďŝƌ ƉĞůŽƐ ŽŵďƌŽƐ ĚĂ ĞƐƚƵƉŽƌĂĚĂ Ğ ĞǀŝƚĂƌ ĞƐƐĂ ƉĂƐƐĂŐĞŵ͕ ĨƵŐŝƌ ĚĞůĂ͘ ŝŶĚĂ ƐĞ ƐĞ
ĂůĐĂŶĕĂƌ Ž ƚĞƚŽ͘ ĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĂ ĐĂƐĂ͕ ďŽŝĂǀĂŵ ƚŝǀĞƐƐĞ ĐĞƌƚĞǌĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ Ă ĞŶĐŚĞŶƚĞ ŚŽƵǀĞƐƐĞ
ƉĞĚĂĕŽƐ ĚĞ ŵĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ ĐƵŝĂƐ͕ ĐŽŝƚĠƐ͕ ƚƌĂƉŽƐ Ğ Ă ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽĂĐŝŵĂĚŽďĂƌƌĂŶĐŽĞĞǆƚƌĂǀĂƐĂĚŽƉĞůĂ
ƐƵƉĞƌĨşĐŝĞ ĚŽ ůşƋƵŝĚŽ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƵŵĂƐ ĐŽŶƚŽƌĕƁĞƐ ĐĂŵƉŝŶĂ ĂĚũĂĐĞŶƚĞ Ă ĞůĞ͕ ƉŽĚŝĂͲƐĞ ƐĂůǀĂƌ ƉŽƌ
ĚŝĂďſůŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ĞƐƉĂƐŵŽƐ ĞƉŝůĠƚŝĐŽƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ Ăůŝ͘ŽĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽ͕ĚĞƉŽŝƐĚĞĐĂŝƌŶŽĐĂŶĂů͕ŽũĞŝƚŽ
ĞƐƉƵŵĂƐĂůǀĂƐ͘ ĞƌĂŵĞƐŵŽĞƐƉĂƚŝĨĂƌͲƐĞŶĂĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĂ͘
—Ą͕ŶĞŐŽ͕ĐĄ͕ŶĞŐŽ—EŚŽůĂĐŚĂŵŽƵ — Ž ŵĂƚŽ͍ — ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚŽƵ
Ž ĐŚƵůŝŶŚŽ ƋƵĞ ǀŝŶŚĂ ŶĂĚĂŶĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ƋƵĂƌƚŽ͕ ĞŶŐĂƐŐĂĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ EŚŽůĂ͕ ĐƵũŽƐ ŽůŚŽƐ ĚĞ ƉƵĂ
ƐŽƉƌĂŶĚŽ Ă ĄŐƵĂ͘ K ĂŶŝŵĂů ƐƵďŝƵ ĂŽ ũŝƌĂƵ Ğ ĨƵƌĂǀĂŵŽďƌĞƵĚĂŶŽŝƚĞ͘
ƐĂĐƵĚŝƵŽƉġůŽŵŽůŚĂĚŽ͕ƚƌġŵƵůŽ͕ĞĐŽŵĞĕŽƵĂ ^ŝŵ͘ K ŵĂƚŽ ƐĞ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂǀĂ͕
ůĂŵďĞƌĂĐĂƌĂĚŽŵĞŶŝŶŽ͘ ĚŝƐĐĞƌŶŝĂŵͲƐĞ ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ůşƋƵŝĚŽ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ
K ƚĞƚŽ ĂŐŽƌĂ ĐŽŵĞĕĂǀĂ Ă ĚĞƐĂďĂƌ͕ ŵĂŶĐŚĂƐ͕ ƐŽŶĂŵďƵůŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƉĞƐĂĚĂƐ͕
ĞƐƚƌĂůĂŶĚŽ͕ĂƌƌŝĂŶĚŽĂƐƉĂůŚĂƐŶŽƌŝŽ͕ĐŽŵƵŵ ĞŵĞƌŐŝŶĚŽ ĚŽ ŝŶƐŽŶĚĄǀĞů — ĚĞǀŝĂŵ ƐĞƌ ĂƐ
ǀĂŐĂƌ ŝƌƌŝƚĂŶƚĞ͕ ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂ ĐĂůŵĂ ƉĞƌǀĞƌƐĂ ĚĞ ĐŽƉĂƐ ĚĂƐ ĄƌǀŽƌĞƐ͘ Ğ ƐƷďŝƚŽ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ Ă ƐŝƌŐĂ
ƐƵƉůşĐŝŽ͘ WĞůŽ ǀĆŽ ĚĂ ƉĂƌĞĚĞ ĚĞƐĐŽŶũƵŶƚĂĚĂ ŶĆŽ ĂůĐĂŶĕŽƵ ŵĂŝƐ Ž ĨƵŶĚŽ͘ ĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞǌĂ
ƉŽĚŝĂͲƐĞǀĞƌŽůĞŶĕŽůďƌĂŶĐŽ͘ —ƋƵĞƐĞĚŝůƵşĂ ƉĞŐŽƵ Ă ũĂŶŐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ĐŚŽĨƌĞ͕ ĨġͲůĂ ƚŽƌŶĞĂƌ
ŶĂ ĐŽƌƚŝŶĂ ĚŝĄĨĂŶĂ͕ ůĞŝƚŽƐĂ ĚŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ ƌĞƉůĞƚŽ ƌĂƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ğ ĂƌƌĞďĂƚŽƵͲĂ ŶŽ ůŽŵďŽ
ĚĞ ĐŚƵǀĂ͕ — Ğ ƋƵĞ ĂƌƌĂƐƚĂǀĂ ĂƐ ƉĂůŚĂƐ͕ ĂƐ ĞƐƉƵŵĂƌĞŶƚŽ͘ Ɛ ƚƌġƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ĂŐĂƌƌĂƌĂŵͲƐĞ
ƚĂƋƵĂƌĂƐĚĂƉĂƌĞĚĞ͕ŽƐĚĞƚƌŝƚŽƐĚĂŚĂďŝƚĂĕĆŽ͘ ĨƌĞŶĞƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĂŽƐďƵƌŝƚŝƐ͕ŵĂƐƵŵƚƌŽŶĐŽĚĞ
dƵĚŽ ŝƐƐŽ ĚĞƐĐŝĂ Ğŵ ůŽŶŐĂ ĨŝůĂ͕ ĂŽƐ ŵĂŶƐŽƐ ĄƌǀŽƌĞ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƌŝǀĂǀĂ ĐŚŽĐŽƵͲƐĞ ĐŽŵ Ă
ďŽůĠƵƐ ĚĂƐ ŽŶĚĂƐ͕ ŽƌĂ ǀĂůƐĂŶĚŽ Ğŵ ĞŵďĂƌĐĂĕĆŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĂŐŽƌĂ ĐŽƌƌŝĂ ŶĂ ŐĂƌƵƉĂ ĚĂ
ƚŽƌǀĞůŝŶŚŽƐ͕ ŽƌĂ ƉĂƌĂŶĚŽ ŶŽƐ ƌĞŵĂŶƐŽƐ ĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞǌĂ͘
ĞŶŐĂŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ͘ ƉŽƌƚĂ ĚŽ ƌĂŶĐŚŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ŝĂ YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞǀŝƵĂǀĞůŚĂĐĂŝƌŶĄŐƵĂ͕ĐŽŵ
ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚŽ͘ ƌĂ ĨĞŝƚĂ ĚĞ ƉĂƵƐ ĚĞ ďƵƌŝƚŝƐ Ž ĐŚŽƋƵĞ͕ ŵĂƐ ŶĆŽ ƉƀĚĞ ŶĞŵ ŵŽǀĞƌͲƐĞ͗
ĂŵĂƌƌĂĚŽƐƉŽƌĞŵďŝƌĂƐ͘ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂǀĂ͕ƉŽƌŵŝůŚĂƌĞƐĚĞĐĄůĐƵůŽƐ͕ĞƐĐĂƉĂƌă
YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ ŶĂĚŽƵ͕ ĂƉĂŶŚŽƵͲĂ͕ ĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĂ͕ĐƵũŽƌƵŐŝĚŽƐĞĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂǀĂĚĞƵŵĂ
ĐŽůŽĐŽƵĞŵĐŝŵĂĂŵĆĞĞŽĨŝůŚŽ͕ƚŝƌŽƵĚŽƚĞƚŽ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ĚĞƐĞƐƉĞƌĂĚŽƌĂ͘ /ŶǀĞƐƚŝŐĂǀĂ Ă ƚƌĞǀĂ͕

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ƚĞŶƚĂŶĚŽĞŶǆĞƌŐĂƌŽƐďĂƌƌĂŶĐŽƐĂůƚŽƐĚĂƋƵĞůĞ ĚĂƐŵĆŽƐĚĞYƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĚĞƐĂŵƉĂƌĂŶĚŽͲŽŶŽ
ƉŽŶƚŽĚŽĐƵƌƐŽ͘ƐĨŽƌĕĂǀĂͲƐĞƉĂƌĂŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌŽ ŵĞŝŽĚŽƌŝŽ͘
ůŽĐĂůĞĂƚŝŶĂƌĐŽŵƵŵŵĞŝŽĐĂƉĂǌĚĞŽƐƐĂůǀĂƌ ŽĐĂŝƌ͕ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ƐĞŵƋƵĞƌĞƌ͕ĞůĞƐĞŶƚŝƵ
ĚĂƋƵĞůĞĞƐƚƌƵŐŝƌĞŶĐĂƉĞƚĂĚŽĚĂĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĂ͘ ƐŽď ƐĞƵƐ ƉĠƐ Ž ĐŚĆŽ ƐĞŐƵƌŽ͘ ůŝ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ůƵŐĂƌ
ǀĞůŚĂ ĚĞďĂƚŝĂͲƐĞ͕ ƉƌĞƐĂ ĂŝŶĚĂ ă ƌĂƐŽ͘ ĞǀŝĂ ƐĞƌ Ă ĐĂŵƉŝŶĂ ĂĚũĂĐĞŶƚĞ ĂŽ
ũĂŶŐĂĚĂƉŽƌƵŵĂŵĆŽ͕ĚĞƐƉĞŶĚĞŶĚŽĞƐĨŽƌĕŽƐ ďĂƌƌĂŶĐŽ͘ ƌĂ ƌĂƐŽ͘ K ĚŝĂďŽ ĚĂ ĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞǌĂ͕
ŝŵƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐ ƉŽƌ ƐƵďŝƌ ŶŽǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ Ž ĂƌƌĂƐƚĂǀĂ͕ ĚĞ ƚĆŽ ĨŽƌƚĞ͘ ŵĆĞ͕ ƐĞ
ďƵƌŝƚŝƐ͘EŝƐƐŽYƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞŶŽƚŽƵƋƵĞĂũĂŶŐĂĚĂ ƚŝǀĞƐƐĞƉĞƌŶĂƐǀŝǀĂƐ͕ĐĞƌƚĂŵĞŶƚĞƚĞƌŝĂƚŽŵĂĚŽ
ũĄŶĆŽƐƵƉŽƌƚĂǀĂƚƌġƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘KĐŚŽƋƵĞĐŽŵŽ ƉĠ͕ ĞƐƚĂƌŝĂ ƐĂůǀĂ͘ ^ƵĂƐ ƉĞƌŶĂƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕
ƚƌŽŶĐŽĚĞĄƌǀŽƌĞŚĂǀŝĂĂƌƌĞďĞŶƚĂĚŽŽƐĂƚŝůŚŽƐ ĞƌĂŵƵŶƐŵŽůĂŵďŽƐƐĞŵŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ͕ƵŵĞƐƚŽƌǀŽ͘
Ğ ŵĞƚĂĚĞ ĚŽƐ ďƵƌŝƚŝƐ ŚĂǀŝĂͲƐĞ ĚĞƐůŝŐĂĚŽ Ğ Ś͊ƐĞĞůĞƐŽƵďĞƐƐĞƋƵĞĂƋƵŝůŽĞƌĂƌĂƐŽ͕
ƌŽĚĂĚŽ͘ǀĞůŚĂŶĆŽƉŽĚŝĂƐƵďŝƌ͕ƐŽďƉĞŶĂĚĞ ŶĆŽƚĞƌŝĂĚĂĚŽĚŽŝƐĐŽŝĐĞƐŶĂĐĂƌĂĚĂǀĞůŚĂ͕ŶĆŽ
ŝƌĞŵ ƚŽĚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĨƵŶĚŽ͘ ůŝ ũĄ ŶĆŽ ĐĂďŝĂ ƚĞƌŝĂŵĂƚĂĚŽƵŵĂĞŶƚƌĞǀĂĚĂƋƵĞƋƵĞƌŝĂƐƵďŝƌ
ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ͘ƌĂŽƌŝŽƋƵĞƌĞĐůĂŵĂǀĂƵŵĂǀşƚŝŵĂ͘ ƉĂƌĂĂũĂŶŐĂĚĂŶƵŵůƵŐĂƌƌĂƐŽ͕ŽŶĚĞŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ
Ɛ ĄŐƵĂƐ ƌŽŶĐĂǀĂŵ Ğ ĐĂŵďĂůŚŽƚĂǀĂŵ se afogaria se a jangada afundasse…
ĞƐƉƵŵĞũĂŶƚĞƐ ŶĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ ĞƐĐƵƌĂ ƋƵĞ ĐĞŐĂǀĂ ŽƐ DĂƐ ƋƵĞŵ ƐĂďĞ ĞůĂ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ Ăůŝ͕ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ
ŽůŚŽƐ͕ ǀĂƌƌŝĚĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ǀĞŶƚŽ ĨƌŝŽ Ğ ƐŝďŝůĂŶƚĞ͘ ƵŶŚĂƐŵĞƚŝĚĂƐŶŽĐŚĆŽ͕ĂƐƉĞƌŶĂƐĞƐĐŽƌƌĞŶĚŽ
ŶĂĚŽ͕ ŶĆŽ ŚĂǀŝĂ ĨŽƌĕĂ ĐĂƉĂǌ ĚĞ ƌŽŵƉĞƌ Ă ĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚŽƌŝŽ͍
ĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞǌĂ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƉŽŶƚŽ͘ DĂƐ Ă ǀĞůŚĂ ƚĞŶƚĂǀĂ YƵĞŵƐĂďĞĞůĂŶĆŽƚŝŶŚĂƌŽĚĂĚŽ͍EĆŽ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƚƌĞƉĂƌ ŶŽǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ ƚŝŶŚĂĐĂşĚŽŶĂĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĂ͕ĐƵũŽƌŽŶĐŽĞƐĐƵƌĞĐŝĂ
ďƵƌŝƚŝƐ͕ ĂƌƌĂƐƚĂŶĚŽ ĂƐ ƉĞƌŶĂƐ ŵŽƌƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ŵĂŝƐĂŝŶĚĂĂƚƌĞǀĂ͍
ĄŐƵĂƐ ŵĞƚŝĂŵ ƉŽƌ ďĂŝǆŽ ĚĂ ũĂŶŐĂĚĂ͘ —DĆĞ͕ƀŵĆĞ͊
YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ ŶŽƚŽƵ ƋƵĞ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ĞƐĨŽƌĕŽ ĚĂ —DĆĞ͕ĂƐĞŶŚŽƌĂƚĄĂş͍
ǀĞůŚĂ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ Ă ĞŵďĂƌĐĂĕĆŽ ƉĞƌĚĞƌ Ă ĂƐ ĄŐƵĂƐ ĞƐĐĂĐŚŽĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ƌƵŐŝŶĚŽ͕
ĞƐƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ůĂ ũĄ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ƋƵĂƐĞ ĂďĂŝǆŽ ĚĂƐ ĞƐƉƵŵĞũĂŶĚŽ͕ ƌĞĨůĞƚŝŶĚŽ ĐŝŶŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ƚƌĞǀĂ
ĄŐƵĂƐ͘ǀĞůŚĂŶĆŽƉŽĚŝĂƐƵďŝƌ͘EĆŽƉŽĚŝĂ͘ƌĂ ĚŽ ĐĠƵ ƉĂƌĂĚŽ͕ ĚŽ ĐĠƵ ĚĞĨƵŶƚŽ͕ ĚŽ ĐĠƵ
ĂŵŽƌƚĞƋƵĞĐŚĞŐĂǀĂ͕ĂďƌĂĕĂŶĚŽYƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞǀĂĚŽ͕ĞƐƚƵƉŽƌĂĚŽ͘
ĐŽŵ Ž ŵĂŶƚŽ ůşƋƵŝĚŽ ĚĂƐ ĄŐƵĂƐ ƐĞŵ Ĩŝŵ͘ —DĆĞ͕ƀŵĆĞ͊ƵŶƵŵƐĂďŝĂƋƵĞĞƌĂ
dĂƉĂŶĚŽ Ă ƐƵĂ ƌĞƐƉŝƌĂĕĆŽ͕ ƚĂƉĂŶĚŽ ƐĞƵƐ ƌĂƐŽ͘
ŽƵǀŝĚŽƐ͕ ƐĞƵƐ ŽůŚŽƐ͕ ĞŶĐŚĞŶĚŽ ƐƵĂ ďŽĐĂ ĚĞ —WĞƌĂĂş͕ŵĆĞ͘
ĄŐƵĂ͕ ƐƵĨŽĐĂŶĚŽͲŽ͕ ƐƵĨŽĐĂŶĚŽͲŽ͕ ĂƉĞƌƚĂŶĚŽ KďĂƌƵůŚŽĚŽƌŝŽŽƌĂĐƌĞƐĐŝĂ͕ŽƌĂŵŽƌƌŝĂ
ƐƵĂ ŐĂƌŐĂŶƚĂ͘ DĂƚĂŶĚŽ ƐĞƵ ĨŝůŚŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ ĞYƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞĨŽŝͲƐĞŵĞƚĞŶĚŽƉŽƌĞůĞĂĚĞŶƚƌŽ͘
ƉĞƌƌĞŶŐƵĞĞĞƐƚĂǀĂŐƌƵĚĂĚŽŶĞůĞ͘ ĄŐƵĂ ďĂƌƌĞŶƚĂ Ğ ĨƵƌŝŽƐĂ ƚŝŶŚĂ ǀŽǌĞƐ ĚĞ
YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĞŐƵƌŽƵͲƐĞ ďĞŵ ĂŽƐ ƉĞƐĂĚĞůŽ͕ƌĞƐŵƵŶŐŽĚĞĨĂŶƚĂƐŵĂƐ͕ƚŝŵďƌĞƐĚĞ
ďƵƌŝƚŝƐ Ğ ĂƚŝƌŽƵ Ƶŵ ĐŽŝĐĞ ǀĂůĞŶƚĞ ŶĂ ĐĂƌĂ ŵĆĞŶŝŶĂŶĚŽĨŝůŚŽƐĚŽĞŶƚĞƐ͕ƵŝǀŽƐĄƐƉĞƌŽƐĚĞ
ĂĨůŝƐƐƵƌĂĚĂĚĂǀĞůŚĂEŚŽůĂ͘ůĂĂĨƵŶĚŽƵͲƐĞƉĂƌĂ ĐĆĞƐ ĚĂŶĂĚŽƐ͘ ďƌŝĂŵͲƐĞ ĞƐƚƌĂŶŚĂƐ ŐĂƌŐĂŶƚĂƐ
ƚŽƌŶĂƌ Ă ĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƌ͕ ƉƌĞƐĂ ĂŝŶĚĂ ă ďŽƌĚĂ ĚĂ ƌĞƐĨŽůĞŐĂŶƚĞƐ ŶŽƐ ƚŽƌǀĞůŝŶŚŽƐ ŵĂůƵĐŽƐ Ğ ĂƐ
ũĂŶŐĂĚĂ͕ŽƐŽůŚŽƐĨƵǌŝůĂŶĚŽŶƵŵĂĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĚĞ ĞƐƉƵŵĂƐ ĚĞ ŶŽŝǀĂĚŽ ĨŝĐĂǀĂŵ ďŽŝĂŶĚŽ ƉŽƌ
ŝŶĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ Ğ ƚĞƌƌŽƌ ĞƐƉĂŶƚĂĚŽ ;ϯͿ͘ EŽǀŽ ĐŝŵĂ͕ĐŽŵŽĨůŽƌĞƐƐŽďƌĞƚƷŵƵůŽƐ͘
ĐŽŝĐĞ melhor aplicado e um tufo d’água — DĆĞ͊ — ůĄ ƐĞ ĨŽŝ YƵĞůĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕
ĞƐƉŝƌƌŽƵ ŶŽ ĞƐĐƵƌŽ͘ ƋƵĞůĞ ƷůƚŝŵŽ ĐŽŝĐĞ͕ ŐƌŝƚĂŶĚŽ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ͕ ĂƚĠ ƋƵĞ Ă ĄŐƵĂ ůŚĞ
ĞŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĚĞƐĞƋƵŝůŝďƌŽƵĂũĂŶŐĂĚĂ͕ƋƵĞĨƵŐŝƵ ĞŶĐŚĞƵ Ă ďŽĐĂ ĂďĞƌƚĂ͕ ůŚĞ ƚĂƉŽƵ Ž ŶĂƌŝǌ͕ ůŚĞ
ĞŶĐŚĞƵ ŽƐ ŽůŚŽƐ ĂƌƌĞŐĂůĂĚŽƐ͕ ůŚĞ ĞŶƚƵƉŝƵ ŽƐ

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ŽƵǀŝĚŽƐ ĂďĞƌƚŽƐ ă ǀŽǌ ĚĂ ŵĆĞ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ Ɛ ƉĂƌĞĚĞƐ ŽŶĚĞ ƐĞ ĞŶĐĂŝǆĂǀĂŵ ĞƐƐĂƐ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚŝĂ͕ĞĨŽŝĚĞŝǆĄͲůŽ͕ĞŵƉĂǌŝŶĂĚŽ͕ŶĂůŐƵŵ ũĂŶĞůĂƐĞƌĂŵĚĞŶŽƚĄǀĞůĞƐƉĞƐƐƵƌĂĐŽŵŽĂŝŶĚĂ
ƉĞƌĂƵĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞ͕ĂďĂŝǆŽĚĂĐĂĐŚŽĞŝƌĂ͘ ƐĞ ǀġ Ğŵ ƚĂŶƚĂƐ ĐĂƐĂƐ͘ ŽŵƉŽƌƚĂǀĂŵ͕
ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĚŽƐůĂĚŽƐ͕ĂƐƐĞŶƚŽƐůŝƐŽƐŽƵĐŽŵ
Bernardo Élis. em “Os cem melhores contos brasileiros
ĂůŵŽĨĂĚĂƐ͕ ŽŶĚĞ ĂƐ ŵƵůŚĞƌĞƐ ŵĂŝƐ
do século”. (diversos autores).. [organização e seleção
1ƚĂůŽDŽƌƌŝĐŽŶŝ΁͘ZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ĚŝƚŽƌĂKďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ϮϬϬϬ͘ ĐŽŵŽĚĂŵĞŶƚĞƉƵĚĞƐƐĞŵĞƐƚĂƌăƌŽƚƵůĂ͘
DŽǀĞŶĚŽ ƚƌŝŶĐŽƐ͕ ƉŝŶŽƐ Ğ ƚƌĂŵĞůŝŶŚĂƐ
ĞƌĂƋƵĞĂŐĞŶƚĞĚĂĐĂƐĂǀŝĂŽƉĞƋƵĞŶŽŵƵŶĚŽ
ĚĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ƚŽŵĂǀĂ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ƐĞƵƐ
ŵŽƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͘
^KϭͲ KEdKϮͲ &sZ/ZK EŽ ŵĞƵ ƚĞŵƉŽ ĚĞ ŵĞŶŝŶĂ ƉŽƵĐŽ ƐĞ
ƵƐĂǀĂ Ă ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ƌſƚƵůĂ͕ Ɛſ ĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ
WƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽĚĂƐůŵĂƐΎ antigas. Dizíamos “tabuleta” – ĞƐƚĂƌ ŶĂ
ƚĂďƵůĞƚĂ ũĄ ƐĂďŝĂ ĞƐƚĂƌ ĂůŐƵĠŵ ƉŽƌ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ͕
ŽƌĂŽƌĂůŝŶĂ
ŽůŚĂŶĚŽ ƐĞŵ ƐĞƌ ǀŝƐƚĂ͕ ŚĄďŝƚŽ ĞƐƐĞ ƋƵĞ
ŶƚŝŐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĂƐĐĂƐĂƐĚĞ'ŽŝĄƐƚŝŶŚĂŵ ƉĞƌĚƵƌŽƵĞŵ'ŽŝĄƐĂƚĠŽĐŽŵĞĕŽĚĞƐƚĞƐĠĐƵůŽ͘
ũĂŶĞůĂƐ ĚĞ ƌſƚƵůĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƚĞ ǀĞƌ Ƶŵ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ WĞůĂ ƚĂďƵůĞƚĂ ƌŝĕĂĚĂ Ğ ŐƌĂĚƵĂĚĂ͕ Ă
ĐŝĚĂĚĞƐĐŽůŽŶŝĂŝƐĚĞƐƚĞŝŵĞŶƐŽƌĂƐŝů͘ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ͕ ƐĞŵ ƐĞ ŵŽƐƚƌĂƌ͕ ǀŝĂ Ă ƌƵĂ͕ ŽƐ
ŵ'ŽŝĄƐĞůĂƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞƌĂŵƉŽƌŵĂŝƐĚĞ ƉĂƐƐĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ĂƐ ĐĂƐĂƐ ĨƌŽŶƚĞŝƌŝĕĂƐ Ğ͕ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĞ
ĚŽŝƐ ƐĠĐƵůŽƐ͘ ^ŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞƌĂŵ ĂŝŶĚĂ ĐŽŵ ǀĞůŚŽƐ Ƶŵ ĐĞƌƚŽ ąŶŐƵůŽ͕ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂǀĂŵ ŽƐ
ĐŽƐƚƵŵĞƐ ĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ ƋƵĞ ǀĆŽ ƐĞ ĚŝůƵŝŶĚŽ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ĂƐ ƉĂƐƐĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ ƵŶƐ ƚĂŶƚŽƐ
ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂƐŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ĂŽƚĞŵƉŽƋƵĞĂƐƌſƚƵůĂƐ ǀŝǌŝŶŚŽƐĞ͕ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ͕ĨŝƐĐĂůŝǌĂǀĂĂǀŝĚĂĂůŚĞŝĂ͕
ƐĞŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂŵ͕ƐĞŵĚĞƐĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƌĚĞƵŵƚŽĚŽ͘ ƋƵĞƐĞŵƉƌĞŶŽƐƉĂƌĞĐĞƵŵĂŝƐŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂŶƚĞĚŽ
EĞƐƚĞƐ ƷůƚŝŵŽƐ ƚĞŵƉŽƐ͕ ƚġŵ ƐŝĚŽ ƋƵĞŶŽƐƐĂƉƌſƉƌŝĂǀŝĚĂ͘EĞƐƐĞŽďƐĞƌǀĂƚſƌŝŽĚĞ
ƐƵďƐƚŝƚƵşĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ ǀĞŶĞǌŝĂŶĂƐ ĂďƌŝŶĚŽͲƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ ƚĂďƵůĞƚĂƐ͕ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĐŝĂŵ͕
ĚĞŶƚƌŽ͘^ŝŵ͕ƋƵĞĂƐƌſƚƵůĂƐƐĞĂďƌŝĂŵƉĂƌĂĨŽƌĂ͕ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĐƌŝĂƚƵƌĂƐ ĐƵƌŝŽƐĂƐ Ğ
Ğŵ'ŽŝĄƐĞĞŵƚŽĚĂƉĂƌƚĞ͘DĞƐŵŽĚĞƐƵƐĂĚĂƐ ĨƵǆŝƋƵĞŝƌĂƐ ĚŽƐ ǀĞůŚŽƐ ƚĞŵƉŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵ ƐĞƵ
ĞƐƵďƐƚŝƚƵşĚĂƐ͕ĂŝŶĚĂƌĞƐƚĂŵĂůŐƵŵĂƐĞŵĐĂƐĂƐ ĞƐƉşƌŝƚŽĂŐƵĕĂĚŽĚĞŝŶƚƌŝŐĂƐĞŵĂůşĐŝĂƐ͘
ŶĆŽƌĞĨŽƌŵĂĚĂƐ͖ŶŽƵƚƌĂƐĨŽƌĂŵƐŝŵƉůĞƐŵĞŶƚĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽŵĂŝƐĨŝŶĂĞǀĂůŝŽƐĂĞƌĂĚĂ
ƉƌĞŐĂĚĂƐ͕ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂƐƌĞƐƚĂŶƚĞƐĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂŵƐĞ ŶŽŝƚĞ͕ ĂůƚĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ͕ ĐŽŵ Ă ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĞƐĐƵƌĂ ŽƵ
ĂďƌŝŶĚŽƉĂƌĂŽůĂĚŽĚĂƌƵĂ͘ ĞŶůƵĂƌĂĚĂĞĂĚŽƌŵĞĐŝĚĂ͘sŝĂŵĞĚŝǌŝĂŵĐŽŝƐĂƐ
&ŽŝŵƵŝƚŽǀĂƌŝĂĚĂŶŽƌĂƐŝůĂĞƐƋƵĂĚƌŝĂ ĚĞĂƌƌĞƉŝĂƌ͘
ĚĂƐƌſƚƵůĂƐ͘EĞŵƐĂďĞŵŽƐďĞŵƐĞĞůĂƐǀŝĞƌĂŵ DŝŶŚĂ ďŝƐĂǀſ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ͕ ĐŽŶƚĂǀĂ Ă
ĚĞ WŽƌƚƵŐĂů ŽƵ ĚĂ ƐƉĂŶŚĂ͖ ƐĞ ĞƌĂŵ ĞƐƚſƌŝĂĚĂƉƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽĚĂƐĂůŵĂƐ͕ƋƵĞĞůĂŽƵǀŝƵ
ĂƵƚĞŶƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ůƵƐĂƐ ŽƵ ŵŽƵƌŝƐĐĂƐ͘ &ŽƌĂŵ ĚĂƉƌſƉƌŝĂŵĞƐŵĂ͕ĐŽŵƋƵĞŵŽĐĂƐŽƐĞĚĞƵĞ
ĞůĂƐ Ž ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚĄƌŝŽ ŵĂŝƐ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀŽ ĚĂ ƋƵĞĞƌĂƉĞƐƐŽĂĚŽƐĞƵĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘KĨĂƚŽ͕
ƐĞŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŵƵůŚĞƌ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĂ ĐĂƐĂ ĐŽŵ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐ ŽƵǀŝĚŽƐ ĚĞ ŵŝŶŚĂ
ƐĞŶŚŽƌŝĂů͘ ďŝƐĂǀſ͕ ŝŶĐůƵƐŝǀĞ Ž ŶŽŵĞ ĚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ͕ ĨŽŝ ĂƋƵŝ
ƐĚĞ'ŽŝĄƐĞƌĂŵĂƐĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐƌſƚƵůĂƐ ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽĐŽŵŽŶĂDŝŐƵĞůŝŶĂZĞŐŝŶĂƚĂĚĞƐƐŝƐ
ĚĞ ƚĂďƵůĞƚĂƐ͕ ĚĞ ƚĂďƵŝŶŚĂƐ͕ ĚĞ ĐŽůŽĐĂĕĆŽ ZĞŐĞŶƚĞ͕ŵĂŝƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƉŽƌŽŶĂDŝŶŐƵƚĂĞ
ŚŽƌŝǌŽŶƚĂů͕ ŐƌĂŵƉĞĂĚĂƐ ŶƵŵ ƉŝŶŽ ǀĞƌƚŝĐĂů ƋƵĞŵŽƌĂǀĂŶĂZƵĂĚĂďĂĚŝĂ͘
ŵſǀĞůĐŽŵƚƌŝŶĐŽƐĞƚƌĂŵĞůŝŶŚĂƐůĂƚĞƌĂŝƐ͕ƉĂƌĂ ŶŽŝƚĞĞƌĂƉĂƌĂĨŝĐĂƌŶĂƌſƚƵůĂ͕ĐŽŵĂ
ĂďƌŝƌĞĨĞĐŚĂƌăǀŽŶƚĂĚĞ͘ ĐĂƐĂĨĞĐŚĂĚĂăƐĞƐĐƵƌĂƐĞĞůĂ͕Ăůŝ͕ŝŶǀŝƐşǀĞů͕ŶŽ

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ƐĞƵ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƚſƌŝŽ ĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽ͕ ĂƐƐƵŶƚĂŶĚŽ WĂƐƐĂƌĂŵĚŽŝƐĞŵďƵĕĂĚŽƐƋƵĞĞůĂŵĂů

ĂůŐƵŵ ǀŝǌŝŶŚŽ ƋƵĞ ĞŶƚƌĂƐƐĞ ƚĂƌĚĞ͕ ŵƵůŚĞƌ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵ͘WĂƐƐŽƵƵŵĂĐĂĚĞůĂƵŝǀĂŶĚŽĞĞůĂ
ĐĂƐĂĚĂ ƋƵĞ ĂďƌŝƐƐĞ ƉŽƌƚĂ͕ ŵŽĕĂ ĚŽŶǌĞůĂ ƋƵĞ ĨĞǌŽƐŝŶĂůĚĂĐƌƵǌ͕ĚĞƉŽŝƐƵŵĂƉŽƌĐĂĐŽŵƐƵĂ
ƉƵƐĞƐƐĞ Ă ĐĂďĞĕĂ ĚĞ ĨŽƌĂ ŽƵ ŵĞƐŵŽ ǀƵůƚŽ ŶŝŶŚĂĚĂ Ğ Ƶŵ ďŽĚĞ ďŽĚĞũĂŶĚŽ ĂƚƌĄƐ ĚĞ ƐƵĂƐ
ĞŵďƵĕĂĚŽƋƵĞ͕ƉĂƐƐĂŶĚŽ͕ĞŶĨŝĂƐƐĞďŝůŚĞƚŝŶŚŽ ĐĂďƌĂƐ͘
ƉĞůĂƐ ƚĂďƵůĞƚĂƐ ŽƵ ĂŶƀŶŝŵŽƐ ĚĞďĂŝǆŽ ĚĂƐ WĂƐƐĂƌĂŵ ŵĂŝƐ ƵŵĂƐ ŵĂĐŚŽƌƌĂƐ ĚĞ
ƉŽƌƚĂƐ͘ ŵĞƌŝŶĂƋƵĞƐ Ğ ďĂƐƋƵŝŶĂƐ Ğ ŶŽŵĞƐ ĚŽ ŚŽŵĞŵ
ƌĂ ƵŵĂ ǀŝƚſƌŝĂ Ğ ƵŵĂ ƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŶĂďŽĐĂĞƋƵĞƚĂŵďĠŵƉƌŽĐƵƌĂǀĂŵĂǌŽŶĂĚŽ
ƉƌĂǌĞƌĐĂƚĂůŽŐĂƌƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌƵŵĚĞƐƐĞƐƉĂƐƐŽƐ͘ ďĂŶŐƵůġ͘
ĂĚĂ ƌƵĂ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƐƵĂ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĂ WĞůĂ ƵŵĂ ŚŽƌĂ͕ ŵĂŝƐ ŽƵ ŵĞŶŽƐ͕ ĞůĂ
ĚĞǀŽƚĂĚĂăƚĂƌĞĨĂ͕ƚĞĐĞŶĚŽƐƵĂƚĞŝĂůĂďŽƌŝŽƐĂ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƵƵŶƐǀƵůƚŽƐƋƵĞǀŝŶŚĂǀŝŶĚŽĚŽ>ĂƌŐŽ
ĚĞ ĐŽŶĐůƵƐƁĞƐ Ğ ƋƵĞ ĨŽƌĂ ĚĂ ƌſƚƵůĂ͕ ĞƌĂ ĚŽ ZŽƐĄƌŝŽ ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂƐ ůƵǌŝŶŚĂƐ ĂƉĂŐĂͲŶĆŽͲ
ŵŽƌĂůŝƐƚĂĨĞƌŽǌĞŝŵƉŝĞĚŽƐĂĐŽŵŽƐƉĞĐĂĚŽƐĚŽ ĂƉĂŐĂ͘͘͘
ƉƌſǆŝŵŽ͕ǀŝǌŝŶŚŽŽƵŶĆŽ͘ ƌĂ ƵŵĂ ƉƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ WĞŶŝƚġŶĐŝĂ͕ ĚĂƐ
^Ğ ŚĂǀŝĂ ƌĞƵŶŝƁĞƐ Ğ ĐůƵďĞ͕ ĞƌĂ ƋƵĞ Ž ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĨĂǌŝĂŵ ŶĂƋƵĞůĞ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘
ƚĞŵƉŽ ŶĆŽ ĂũƵĚĂǀĂ͕ ŵĂƐ Ž ŐƌƵƉŽ ĞƌĂ /ƌŵĂŶĚĂĚĞĚĂDŝƐĞƌŝĐſƌĚŝĂ͕ŐƌƵƉŽĚĞƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽ͕ůŝŐĂĚŽĞĐŽŵĨĞƌǀŽƌŽƐŽĞƐƉşƌŝƚŽĚĞ ŽƵ ĨĂŵşůŝĂƐ ƐĞ ƌĞƵŶŝĂŵ͕ ĞŶĐĂďĞĕĂǀĂŵ ĐŽŵ
ĐůĂƐƐĞ͘ ŽƵƚĂƐ Ğ͕ ĐƵŵƉƌŝŶĚŽ ƉƌŽŵĞƐƐĂ ĨĞŝƚĂ ĚĞ ĚŝĨşĐŝů
dƌŽĐĂǀĂŵͲƐĞ ŽƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĞƐ ĚĞƐƚĂ ƉĂƌĂ ŐƌĂĕĂĂůĐĂŶĕĂĚĂ͕ƐƵĨƌĄŐŝŽĚĞŵŽƌƚŽĚĞƉƌĞĐĂŶƚĞ
ĂƋƵĞůĂ ƌƵĂ͕ ĚĂǀĂͲƐĞ ĂŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽ Ğ ƌĞůĞǀŽ Ă ŽƵ ŵĞƐŵŽ ĐĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŵ ĂůŐƵŵ
ƉĞƋƵĞŶŽƐ ŝŶĐŝĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ Ğ Ă ǀŝĚĂ ŶŽƚƵƌŶĂ ĚĂ ĞŶĐĂƌĐĞƌĂĚŽ ŝŶĚŝĐĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĨŽƌĐĂ͕
ĐŝĚĂĚĞĞƌĂĚĞƉƵƌĂĚĂ ŶƵŵ ĨŝůƚƌŽ ŵŝŶƵĐŝŽƐŽ ĚĞ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂǀĂŵͲƐĞƵŵĂƉƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽĚĂƋƵĞůĂƐ͕ĚŝƚĂƐ
ĂůƚŽƌŝŐŽƌ͕ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĂĚŽƉĞůĂƐƚĂŝƐ͘ ĚĞWĞŶŝƚġŶĐŝĂ͘
Ɛ ƚĂďƵůĞƚĂƐ ƚŝŶŚĂŵ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĞƵƐ ^ĂşƌĂŵĚŽĂĚƌŽĚĞƵŵĂŝŐƌĞũĂŽƵĚĞƵŵ
ƉƌĠƐƚŝŵŽƐ ŝŶĞŐĄǀĞŝƐ͘ ƌĂ ĂƐƐŝŵ͕ ƋƵĞ ŵƵŝƚŽ ƉĂĕŽ ĚĞ ƌƵĂ͘ >ĞǀĂǀĂŵ ŶĂ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ Ƶŵ ĐƌƵǌĞŝƌŽ
ĂŶƚĞƐĚĞŽĨĂƚŽĚĞƐĞĚĂƌĞĚŽĐĂƐŽĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌ͕ ƉĞƐĂĚŽ͕ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ŽƌĂƚſƌŝŽƐ ĚĞ ĐĂƐĂ͕ ƉĂƵƐ
Ă ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ũĄ ŵƵƌŵƵƌĂǀĂ ƉŽƌ ĂŶƚĞĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ͘ enormes, pedras, pote d’água na cabeça.
DƵŝƚĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ ĂƚĠ ĂĚǀĞƌƚġŶĐŝĂƐ ĂŶƀŶŝŵĂƐ ƐĞ dŽĚŽƐĚĞƐĐĂůĕŽƐ͕ŶĆŽƉŽƵĐŽƐƌĂƐŐĂĚŽƐ͕
ĨŝǌĞƌĂŵ͕ŶĂďĂƐĞĚĞƐƐĂĨŝƐĐĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽŵĂůŝĐŝŽƐĂ͘ ŝĂŵƌĞǌĂŶĚŽƉĞŶŝƚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ŶƵŵůĂŵĞŶƚŽůƷŐƵďƌĞ
ŽŶĂDŝŶŐƵƚĂĞƌĂĐĞƌƚĂŶĂƚĂďƵůĞƚĂĚĂ Ğ ĂŶŐƵƐƚŝŽƐŽ͕ ĂƚĠ ƐĞ ĚŝƐƐŽůǀĞƌĞŵ ŶĂ ƉŽƌƚĂ ĚĞ
ŶŽŝƚĞ͕ Ğ Ž ĚŝĂ ĞƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐ ĐŽŶĐůƵƐƁĞƐ ŽƵƚƌĂŝŐƌĞũĂ͘YƵĂŶĚŽŽĐĂƐŽĞƌĂĚĞƐƵĨƌĄŐŝŽĚĞ
ŵĂůĞĚŝĐĞŶƚĞƐ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ ĂŶŽƚĂƌĂ Ğŵ ŚŽƌĂƐ ĂůŵĂ ƉĞŶĂĚĂ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ ƐƵďŝĂŵ ŵĞƐŵŽ ĂƚĠ Ž
ŵŽƌƚĂƐ͘ ƉŽƌƚĆŽĚŽĐĞŵŝƚĠƌŝŽ͕ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂŶĚŽĂƌĞǌĂ͕ŶƵŵ
EƵŵĂƐĞǆƚĂĨĞŝƌĂĚĂYƵĂƌĞƐŵĂ͕ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ƐŽƚƵƌŶŽŵƵƌŵƷƌŝŽĚĞƌĠƋƵŝĞŵ͘
ĞůĂ ŶŽ ƐĞƵ ƉŽƐƚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝƐƚĂ Ğ ĚĞ ĞƐĐƵƚĂ͘ WŽƵĐŽ ƌĂ ƵŵĂ ƉƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĞƐƐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ǀŝŶŚĂ
ƚŝŶŚĂĂƉƌŽǀĞŝƚĂĚŽĂƚĠăƋƵĞůĂŚŽƌĂ͕ŵĞŝĂͲŶŽŝƚĞ ǀŝŶĚŽ͘
ũĄƉĂƐƐĂĚĂ͘ ,ŽŵĞŶƐ Ğ ŵƵůŚĞƌĞƐ ĚĞ ŵĂŶƚĠƵƐ͕
EƵŵ ŵĂŐŽƚĞ ĚĞ ŶĞŐƌŽƐ͕ ĚĞ ƐƵŶŐĂ Ğ ĞŵďŝŽĐĂĚŽƐ͕ăŵŽĚĂĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘
ĐĂŵŝƐĂ ĚĞ ďĂĞƚĂ͕ ĞůĂ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵ ŽƐ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŽƐ ŽŶĂ DŝŶŐƵƚĂ ƌŝĕŽƵ ďĞŵ Ă ƚĂďƵůĞƚĂ
ĚŽ ƌŝŐĂĚĞŝƌŽ &ĞůŝƉĞ ŶƚƀŶŝŽ ĂƌĚŽƐŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ƉĂƌĂ ǀĞƌ ŵĞůŚŽƌ Ğ ŶĆŽ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ͘
ĐŽƐƚƵŵĂǀĂŵ ƉƵůĂƌ Ž ŵƵƌŽ ĚŽƐ ƐĞŶŚŽƌĞƐ Ğ &ŽŝĞŶƚĆŽƋƵĞƵŵĂĞŵďƵĕĂĚĂƉĂƌŽƵŶĂĨƌĞŶƚĞ
ĐŽƌƌŝĂŵƉĂƌĂƵŵďĂƚƵƋƵĞƋƵĞǌŽĂǀĂĚŽůĂĚŽĚĂ ĚĂ ũĂŶĞůĂ͕ ĞŶĨŝŽƵ ƵŵĂ ǀĞůĂ ƉĞůĂ ĨƌĞƐƚĂ Ğ
ZƵĂĚŽ&ŽŐŽ͘

167
ƐĞŐƌĞĚŽƵ͗ŐƵĂƌĚĂŝƐƐŽƉĂƌĂŵŝŵĂƚĠƐĞǆƚĂͲĨĞŝƌĂ ƋƵĞůĂ ƐĞŵĂŶĂ ƚŽĚĂ ŽŶĂ DŝŐƵĞůŝŶĂ

ƋƵĞǀĞŵ͘͘͘ ƉĂƐƐŽƵ ŶŽ ŽƌĂƚſƌŝŽ͕ Ğŵ ŶŽǀĞŶĂƐ Ğ ƌŽƐĄƌŝŽƐ͕
ŽŶĂDŝŶŐƵƚĂƐĞŶƚŝƵŽĨƌŝŽĚĂŵĆŽƋƵĞ ƐĞŵĐŽŶƚĂƌũĞũƵŶƐĞƉĞŶŝƚġŶĐŝĂƐĚƵƌĂƐ͘
ůŚĞĞŶƚƌĞŐŽƵĂǀĞůĂ͘DĞŝŽƌĞƐƐĂďŝĂĚĂŶĞŵƋƵŝƐ dƌĞŵĞŶĚŽĞĐŽŵŽĐŽƌĂĕĆŽĂŽƐƉƵůŽƐ͕
ǀĞƌ Ž ƌĞƐƚŽ ĚĂ ƉƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽ͘ dƌĂŵĞůŽƵ Ă ƌſƚƵůĂ͕ ŽŶĂ DŝŐƵĞůŝŶĂ ƐĞ ƉƀƐ ŶĂ ũĂŶĞůĂ ŶĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ Ğ
ĨĞĐŚŽƵŽƐƚĂŵƉŽƐĚĞĚĞŶƚƌŽ͕ŵĞƚĞƵĂǀĞůĂŶĂ ŚŽƌĂĚĞƐĞǆƚĂͲĨĞŝƌĂ͘
ŐĂǀĞƚĂĞĨŽŝƉƌĂĐĂŵĂ͘ WĞůĂ ƵŵĂ ŚŽƌĂ͕ ŵĂŝƐ ŽƵ ŵĞŶŽƐ͕
EŽ ĚŝĂ ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ͕ ĐŽŶƚŽƵ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƵƋƵĞǀŝŶŚĂǀŝŶĚŽĂƉƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽ͘ZŝĕŽƵĂ
ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĕƁĞƐĚĂŶŽŝƚĞ͘KƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůƚŝŶŚĂƐŝĚŽĂ ƚĂďƵůĞƚĂ͕ ĂĐĞŶĚĞƵ ĂƐ ǀĞůĂƐ͕ ƌĞǌŽƵ ƐƵĂ
ƉƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĂ WĞŶŝƚġŶĐŝĂ Ğ ƋƵĞ ƵŵĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ͕ ũĂĐƵůĂƚſƌŝĂ Ğ ĞƐƉĞƌŽƵ͘ ƉƌŽĐŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ
ĚĞĐĞƌƚŽ ƐƵĂ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ͕ ƚŝŶŚĂ ůŚĞ ĚĂĚŽ ƵŵĂ ĞŵďŝŽĐĂĚŽƐǀĂŐĂƌŽƐĂŵĞŶƚĞǀŝŶŚĂǀŝŶĚŽ͕ǀŝŶŚĂ
ǀĞůĂ ƉĂƌĂ ŐƵĂƌĚĂƌ ĂƚĠ Ă ŽƵƚƌĂ ƐĞǆƚĂͲĨĞŝƌĂ͘ ƐƵďŝŶĚŽ Ă ƌƵĂ ĐŽŵ ƐĞƵ ƐŽƚƵƌŶŽ ŵƵƌŵƷƌŝŽ ĚĞ
ĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚŽƵ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ Ğ ƌĠƋƵŝĞŵ͘WĂƐƐĂǀĂĂŐŽƌĂƉĞůĂƐƵĂĐĂƐĂ͘
ĨŽŝƌĞǀĞƌĂǀĞůĂƉĂƌĂĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚĂƌŽĐĂƐŽ͘ hŵĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ͕ ĞŵďƵĕĂĚĂ ĚĞ ƉƌĞƚŽ͕
ďƌŝƵ Ă ŐĂǀĞƚĂ Ğ ƌĞĐƵŽƵ ĂƉĂǀŽƌĂĚĂ͘ K ƉĂƌŽƵ ŶĂ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ ĚĂ ũĂŶĞůĂ Ğ ĞƐƚĞŶĚĞƵ Ă ŵĆŽ͘
ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ Ăůŝ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ŽƐƐŽ͕ ďƌĂŶĐŽ Ğ ůĂ ĞŶƚƌĞŐŽƵ Ă ǀĞůĂ ĂĐĞƐĂ͕ ũƵŶƚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƋƵĞ
ůŝƐŽ͕ĚĞĐĂŶĞůĂĚĞĚĞĨƵŶƚŽ͘ ƚŝŶŚĂƌĞĐĞďŝĚŽ͕ĞĐŚĂĐŽĂůŚŽƵŽǀŝĚƌŽĚĞĄŐƵĂͲ
KƵƚƌŽƐ ĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƌĞƐ͕ ƚƌĂƚĂŶĚŽ ĚĞƐƐĂ ďĞŶƚĂ͘
ŵĞƐŵĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĨŝĐĂŵƉŽƌĂƋƵŝ͘ĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƋƵĞ ş͕ Ž ǀƵůƚŽ ƐĞ ĚĞƐƚĂĐŽƵ͕ ĐƌĞƐĐĞƵ͕
ĞƐƚĂ ĚĞ 'ŽŝĄƐ͕ ĐŽŵ ĨĂƌŽƐ ĚĞ ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ƋƵĞ ĞŶĐŽƐƚŽƵĂĐĂƌĂŶĂƌſƚƵůĂ͘KďŝŽĐŽƐĞĂďƌŝƵĞ
ŽƵǀŝ ĚĞ ŵŝŶŚĂ ďŝƐĂǀſ͕ ƚĞŵ͕ ƉŽƌ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ ĞůĂ ǀŝƵ ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ ƵŵĂ ĐĂǀĞŝƌĂ Ğ ĨĂůŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ ĞůĂ
ĐŽŶƚĂĚŽ͕ ƐĞƵ ĨŝŶĂůǌŝŶŚŽ͕ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĂ ůſŐŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ŽƵǀŝƌŶĂĨĂůĂĚĂƐĐĂǀĞŝƌĂƐ͗
ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘ YƵĞŵ ĚĞƵ Ă ǀĞůĂ Ă ŐƵĂƌĚĂƌ —ŽƋƵĞƚĞǀĂůĞ͘
ĚŝƐƐĞ͗ ĂƚĠ ƐĞǆƚĂͲĨĞŝƌĂ ƋƵĞ ǀĞŵ͘͘͘ ^ŝŶĂů͕
ŽƌĂ ŽƌĂůŝŶĂ͘ Em “Estórias da casa velha da ponte” /
ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ĚĞƋƵĞǀŽůƚĂƌŝĂƉĂƌĂƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƌ͘
ŽŶƚŽƐ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ /͘ ϭϰ ĞĚ͘ – ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ͗ 'ůŽďĂů͕ ϮϬϭϰ͘
ŽŶĂ DŝŐƵĞůŝŶĂ͕ ƌĞĨĞŝƚĂ ĚŽ ĂƐƐŽŵďƌŽ͕ ϭϭϮƉ͘
ĨŽŝ ƐĞ ƚĞƌ ĐŽŵ Ž ǀŝŐĄƌŝŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ Ž ƀŶĞŐŽ
sŝĐĞŶƚĞ:ŽƐĠsŝĞŝƌĂ͘ŽŶƚŽƵĚŽĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝĚŽ͘&Ğǌ
sĂŵŽƐĂǀĂůŝĂƌĂůĞŝƚƵƌĂĚŽƐ
ĐŽŶƚŽƐϭĞϮ͘ĐĞƐƐĞŽYZK

ŵĞƐŵŽƵŵĂďŽĂĐŽŶĨŝƐƐĆŽĞƐĞĂĐƵƐŽƵĚŽƐĞƵ ŽƵŽůŝŶŬĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂŽ

ŐŽƐƚŝŶŚŽ ƐĂůŐĂĚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝŐŝĂƌ Ă ƌƵĂ ĚĂ ŐƌĞƚĂ ĚĂ ƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶĄƌŝŽ͘
ũĂŶĞůĂĞƌĞƚĂůŚĂƌŶĂƉĞůĞĚŽƉƌſǆŝŵŽ͘
KƀŶĞŐŽ͕ƉĞŶƐĂƚŝǀŽ͕ŽƵǀŝƵŽĐŽŶƚĂĚŽ͘
&ĞǌǀĞƌĂĞůĂŽĐĂƐƚŝŐŽĚĞƐƵĂďŝƐďŝůŚŽƚŝĐĞƋƵĞ
ĂƋƵĞůĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂǀĂ͘ ĞƵͲůŚĞ
ƐĄďŝŽƐĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽƐĞďŽĂƉĞŶŝƚġŶĐŝĂ͘ŝƐƐĞĂĞůĂ
ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƉƵƐĞƐƐĞ ŶĂ ũĂŶĞůĂ ŶŽ ĚŝĂ Ğ ŚŽƌĂ
ĂƉƌĂǌĂĚĂ͕ŵĂƐƋƵĞƚŝǀĞƐƐĞĐŽŶƐŝŐŽĚƵĂƐǀĞůĂƐ
ĂĐĞƐĂƐĞƵŵǀŝĚƌŝŶŚŽĚĞĄŐƵĂͲďĞŶƚĂ͘ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĨŽƌŵƐ͘ŐůĞͬ<ϱ<ϭEďƚďszŬũYϳ
YƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƚŝǀĞƐƐĞ ŵĞĚŽ Ğ ĞŶƚƌĞŐĂƐƐĞ Ž
ŽďũĞƚŽ ƌĞĐĞďŝĚŽ Ă ƋƵĞŵ Ž ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƐƐĞ͕
ũƵŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵƵŵĂĚĂƐǀĞůĂƐ͘

168
ĚŽŶŽ ĚĂ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ ĚĞ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ďŝŐŽĚƁĞƐ͕ ƚŝŶŚĂ

ƵŵĂƌǀĂŐŽ͕ĚŝŐŶĂŵĞŶƚĞƚƌŝƐƚĞ͘WŽƵĐŽĨĂůĂǀĂ͘
ŶŽŝƚĞĞŶƚƌĂǀĂƉĠͲĂŶƚĞͲƉĠŶĂǀĂƌĂŶĚĂ͕ĐŽŵŽƵŵ
ůĂĚƌĆŽ ƚĞƌƌşǀĞů Ğ Ă ĐĂƐĂ ĐĂşĂ ǀĂŐĂƌŽƐĂŵĞŶƚĞ
^KϮͲ KEdKϯ– DZK ŶƵŵĂĞƐĐƵƌŝĚĆŽĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂ͘ƐƚƌĂŶŚĂŵĞŶƚĞƋƵĞ
KƐŵĞůŚŽƌĞƐĐŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĞƌŶĂƌĚŽůŝƐĞƐƚſƌŝĂƐĚĂ ŶĆŽƐĞĂĐĞŶĚĞƐƐĞŵůƵǌĞƐ͕ƉƌŽƉƵƐďƵƐĐĂƌƵŵĂ
ĐĂƐĂǀĞůŚĂĚĂƉŽŶƚĞ͗ŽƌĂŽƌĂůŝŶĂ͘ ǀĞůĂĚĂƐƋƵĞƚƌĂǌŝĂĐŽŵŝŐŽ͕ŵĂƐƐĞƵĂƌůŽƐƐĞ
ŽƉƀƐ͕ ĚŝǌĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ ĞƵ ŵĞ ĂũĞŝƚĂƐƐĞ ĂƐƐŝŵ
ŵĞƐŵŽƉŽƌƋƵĞŶŽůƵŐĂƌŚĂǀŝĂŵƵŝƚĂŵƵƌŝĕŽĐĂ
KůŽƵĐŽĚĂ^ŽŵďƌĂ ĞƋƵĞĂůƵǌĂƚƌĂşĂ͘ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵŽƵƉĂƚƌŝĂƌĐĂůŵĞŶƚĞ
ĞƌŶĂƌĚŽůŝƐ ĚĞůŝĐĂĚŽ͕ĚĞŶƚƌŽĚĞƐĞƵƚƌŝƐƚŽŶŚŽůĂĐŽŶŝƐŵŽ͘
ƋƵŝůŽ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ǀĂůĞ ĚŽ ŽƵƚƌŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͘ EŽŵŽŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƚŽŵĂƌŽĐĂĨĠ͕ůŽďƌŝŐƵĞŝ
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽ ƋƵĞ ĨŽŵŽƐ ĞŶƚƌĂŶĚŽ ŶĞůĞ͕ Ž ƐŽů Ƶŵ ǀƵůƚŽ ƚƌŽŶĐƵĚŽ ƋƵĞ ƉĂƐƐĞĂǀĂ ƉĞůĂ ĐĂƐĂ
ƉĞŐŽƵĂĞƐĐƵƌĞĐĞƌͲƐĞĞĂĨƵŵĂĕĂĂĂĚĞŶƐĂƌͲƐĞ͘ ĐŽŵŽ ƵŵĂ ƐŽŵďƌĂ ĚĂ ƐŽďƌĂ ŶŽƚƵƌŶĂ͘ Ğ ǀĞǌ
ƐĄƌǀŽƌĞƐƉĞƌĚĞƌĂŵĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĞĂŐĞŶƚĞƐſǀŝĂ ĞŵƋƵĂŶĚŽĚĂǀĂƵŶƐŐƌƵŶŚŝĚŽƐƚƌĄŐŝĐŽƐ͘dĂůǀĞǌ
ƐĞƵƐ ǀƵůƚŽƐ ƉĞƐĂĚŽƐ͕ ŚŝƌƚŽƐ͕ ƐŽď Ă ůƵǌ ĨŽƐƐĞ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ƐĞŶƚŝĂ ǀĂŐĂŶĚŽ ŶŽ Ăƌ Ă
ĂǀĞƌŵĞůŚĂĚĂĚĞƵŵĐĂůŽƌƐƵĨŽĐĂŶƚĞ͘ ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ĞƐƚƌĂŶŚĂ ĚĞ ĞƐƉşƌŝƚŽƐ Ğ ŵĂƵƐ
>Ą ĞŵďĂŝǆŽ͕ Ž ƌŝŽ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ƐĞĐŽ͕ ƉƌĞƐƐĄŐŝŽƐ͘ ŐŽƌĂ͕ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ƉĂƌĞĐŝĂͲŵĞ
ŵŽƐƚƌĂŶĚŽĂŽƐƐĂĚĂĚŽƐƐĞŝǆŽƐĂůǀĂĐĞŶƚŽƐ͘ ǀĞƌ ĚŽŝƐ ŽůŚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ďŽŝĂǀĂŵ ƉĞƌƚŽ ĚŽ ĐŚĆŽ͕
hŵ ƉĂƐƐĂƌŝŶŚŽ ŵƵĚŽ͕ ĂƉĂŐĂĚŽ͕ ƋƵĂƐĞĂƉĂŐĂĚŽƐ͕ĚĞƐƚŝůĂŶĚŽƵŵĂůƵǌƚĞƌŶĂĚĞ
ĞƐƉĂůŵŽƵͲƐĞŶŽĂƌƉĂƌĂĚŽ͕ĐŽŵŽƵŵĂƉŝŶƚƵƌĂ ĨŽŐŽĨĄƚƵŽ͘&ƵŐŝĂŵ͕ǀŽůƚĂǀĂŵ͕ĂƉĂŐĂǀĂŵͲƐĞ͘
ĚĞ ũĂƌƌĂ ĐŚŝŶĞƐĂ͘ DĂŝƐ ĂĚŝĂŶƚĞ ƵŵĂ ƐƵĐƵƉŝƌĂ EŽ ŵĞƵ ŵĞĚŽ͕ ĐŚĞŐƵĞŝ Ă ĨŽƌŵĂƌ ƉĂƌĂ
ĂďƌŝĂ ƐƵĂ ĐŽƉĂ ƌŽǆĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ ĂŶƚĞƐ Ƶŵ ŐƌŝƚŽ ĞůĞƐ Ƶŵ ƌŽƐƚŽ ďƌĂŶĐŽ ĚŝĄĨĂŶŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ĐĂďĞůŽƐ
ĂĨůŝƚŝǀŽ͕ ŶŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ƐŽŶĂŵďƵůĞƐĐŽ͘ Ă ůŽŝƌŽƐĞŵĆŽƉƵƌşƐƐŝŵĂƐ͘
ĨƵŵĂĕĂĂƐĨŝǆŝĂǀĂĂǀŝƐƚĂ͕ŵĂƚĂǀĂͲĂĂůŝƉĞƌƚŽĚĂ ǀŽǌ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ĚŽ Ğů͘ƋƵĞďƌŽƵͲŵĞ ĂƐ
ŐĞŶƚĞ͘KůŚĞŝƉĂƌĂĐŝŵĂ– ƵŵĐĠƵƉĂĚĂǀĂƐĐŽĚĞ ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐĞĂŽŵĞƐŵŽƚĞŵƉŽůĞǀŽƵͲŵĞăƚŽŶĂ
ĄŐƵĂƐ ƐƵũĂ͕ ŽŶĚĞ ƌŽůĂǀĂ Ƶŵ ƐŽů ĚĞĨƵŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĚĂ ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĐŽŵ ĞƐƐĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͗ — ^Ğ Ž Ɛƌ͘
ůĂƌĂŶũĂƉŽĚƌĞ͘ ƋƵŝƐĞƌĚĞŝƚĂƌͲƐĞ͕ŽƋƵĂƌƚŽĞƐƚĄƉƌŽŶƚŽ͘
YƵĂŶĚŽŐĂůŐƵĞŝŽĂůƚŽĚĂƐĞƌƌĂ͕ƐƵƐƉŝƌĞŝ ƐƉŝĐŚĞŝͲŵĞŶĂĐĂŵĂ͕ĂďƌŝŽƐĚĞĚŽƐĚŽƐ
ĂůŝǀŝĂĚŽ͊ ĞƐƚƌĂĚĂ ĐŽƌƌŝĂ ŶƵŵĂ ƉůĂŶşĐŝĞ ƉĠƐ ĚŽůŽƌŝĚŽƐ ĚĂ ďŽƚĂ͘ ƐƚĂǀĂ ŵĞŝŽ ĂƚƵƌĚŝĚŽ
ĞƐƚƵƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŵŽŶſƚŽŶĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƉĞƌĚŝĂ ĚĞ ĐŽŵĂĐĂƐĂ͕ĐŽŵŽǀĂůĞ͕ĐŽŵŽƐŽůŚŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽƐ
ǀŝƐƚĂ͕ ŶƵŵĂ ŵĞƐŵŝĐĞ ĚĞƉƌŝŵĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ĚĞůşƌŝŽ͘ ĐŽƐƚƵŵĞƐ͘
͕ĚĞƉŽŝƐ͕ĞƌĂŶĞƐƐĞŽĐŽĚĞŵƵĚŽƋƵĞ
KŚ͊ ZĞŐŝĆŽ ĨĞŝĂ͕ ĞƐƐĂ ĚĂƐ ŐĞƌĂŝƐ ĨŝĐĂůĄƉƌŽƐĐŽŶĨŝŶƐĚĂĂŚŝĂ͕ƉĞƌƚŽĚĂ^ĞƌƌĂĚŽƐ
ĂƌĞĞŶƚĂƐ͊ WŝůƁĞƐ͘
Žŵ Ă ƚĂƌĚĞ͕ ĂǀŝƐƚĞŝ ƵŵĂ ĨĂǌĞŶĚĂ — “Se houvesse ao menos com quem
ŐƌĂŶĚĞ͘ ĂǀĞͲŵĂƌŝĂ ĂƌƌŽǆĞĂǀĂ͕ ĂŵĞŝŐĂǀĂͲƐĞ trocar ideias!” porque a palavra, como a luz
Ğŵ ĐĂƌŝĐŝŽƐĂƐ ĐĂŵďŝĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĚŽĕƵƌĂ Ğ ŝŶƐƉŝƌĂ ĐŽŶĨŝĂŶĕĂ͕ ǀŝĚĂ͕ ĂŵƉĂƌĂ Ž ĨƌĂĐŽ
ďŽŶĚĂĚĞ͘ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂĞƐƚƌĞůĂƉĂůƉŝƚĂŶƚĞŶŽĂůƚŽ͕ ƌĂĐŝŽĐşŶŝŽŚƵŵĂŶŽ͘
ďƌĂŶĐĂ͕ƐŽǌŝŶŚĂ͕ĞƌĂƵŵƐŝŶŽůƵŵŝŶŽƐŽďĂƚĞŶĚŽ — “Não. Não podia mais...” Tomei o
ĂąŶŐĞůƵƐŶĂƋƵĞůĞĚĞƐĞƌƚŽşŵƉŝŽ͘ ĨſƐĨŽƌŽĞĂĐĞŶĚŝĂǀĞůĂĞƐƚĞĂƌŝŶĂƋƵĞƚƌĂǌŝĂŶĂ
hŵ ďŽŵ ũĂŶƚĂƌ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ŶĂ ŵĞƐĂ ĚĞ ŵĆŽ ŚĂǀŝĂ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ WŝŶŐƵĞŝ ƵŵĂƐ ŐŽƐƚĂƐ ŶĂ
ƚŽĂůŚĂ ďƌĂŶƋƵŝŶŚĂ ĚĞ ĂůŐŽĚĆŽ͘ ^ĞƵ ĂƌůŽƐ͕ ĐĂďĞĐĞŝƌĂ ĚĂ ĐĂŵĂ͕ ƉƌĞŶĚŝ Ž ĐŽƚŽ Ğ ĨŝƋƵĞŝ

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ŐŽǌĂŶĚŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ ďĞŵ ĐŽŵ Ă ǀŽůƷƉŝĂ ĚŽƐ ƋƵĞ͕ DĂƐ ĞůĞ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂǀĂ ĚŝƐƚĂŶƚĞ͕
ĐŽŶĚĞŶĂĚŽƐăŵŽƌƚĞ͕ƐĞǀĞĞŵĚĞƵŵŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŶĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞƚĞƌ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ
ƉĂƌĂŽƵƚƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƐĞŵůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ͘ ƌĞŶĚŝĂ͕ƋƵĞŶĆŽƉƌŽƐƐĞŐƵŝĂ͘
— “BemͲĂǀĞŶƚƵƌĂĚŽƐ ŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞŵ —KƐƌ͘ƐĞŐƵĞŚŽũĞ͕ŶĆŽĠ͍
acender uma vela.” Foi quando assomou à Ƶ ŶĆŽ ŝĂ ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ ƋƵĞƌŝĂ ĚĞƐĐĂŶƐĂƌ Ăůŝ͕
ũĂŶĞůĂĚŽƋƵĂƌƚŽƵŵǀƵůƚŽŚƵŵĂŶŽ͕ĂůƚŽ͘dŝŶŚĂ ƷŶŝĐŽ ůƵŐĂƌ ŽŶĚĞ ƐĞ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂ ĐĞƌƚŽ ĐŽŶĨŽƌƚŽ͕
ŶŽ ƌŽƐƚŽ Ž ĐŝŶŝƐŵŽ ƉĂƌĂůŝƐĂĚŽ ĚĂƐ ĞƐƚĄƚƵĂƐ͘ —ŵĂƐŶĆŽƐĞŝŵĞƐŵŽƉŽƌƋƵĞ͕ĐŽŶĐŽƌĚĞŝƋƵĞ
ǀŽůǀŝĂͲůŚĞŽƌŽƐƚŽ͕ƐƵũĂŶĚŽͲŽ͕ĂǀŝĕŽƐĂŵŽŝƚĂ Ɛŝŵ͕ƋƵĞŝĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͘
ĚĞĐĂƉŝŵĚĞƐƵĂĐĂďĞůĞŝƌĂĞďĂƌďĂ͘^ſŽƐŽůŚŽƐ ůĞ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ ĨŽŝ ă ũĂŶĞůĂ͕ ƌĂůŚŽƵ ĐŽŵ
ǀŝǀŝĂŵ͘ ƌŝůŚĂǀĂŵ ŶĂ ĐŝŶƚŝůĂĕĆŽ ǀşƚƌĞĂ ĚŽƐ ĂůŐƵĠŵƋƵĞĐŽƌƌŝĂĂƚƌĄƐĚŽƐƉĂƚŽƐŶŽƌĞŐŽĚŽ
ĂůƵĐŝŶĂĚŽƐ͘ ŵŽŶũŽůŽĞĚĞƵŽƌĚĞŶƐƉĂƌĂƋƵĞŵĞƚƌŽƵǆĞƐƐĞŵ
WƵůŽƵ Ă ũĂŶĞůĂ͕ ŽůŚŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ ŵŝŵ Ƶŵ Ž ĂŶŝŵĂů͕ŽĂƌƌĞĂƐƐĞŵ͕ƚĂů͘
ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ Ğŵ ƐĞŐƵŝĚĂ ĨŝƚŽƵ Ă ƐŽŵďƌĂ ĚĞůĞ YƵĂŶĚŽďĂƚŝĂƉŽƌƚĞŝƌĂĚŽĐƵƌƌĂů͕ŵĞƵ
ŵĞƐŵŽŶĂƉĂƌĞĚĞ͘ƌƌĞŐĂůŽƵ͕ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ŵƵŝƚŽŽƐ ƌŽƐŬŽƉĨĨǀĞůŚŽŵĂƌĐĂǀĂĚĞǌĞŵĞŝĂ͘
ŽůŚŽƐ͘ ŵĚŽŝƐƉŽƵƐŽƐĐŽŶƐĞĐƵƚŝǀŽƐ͕ƉŽƌŵĂŝƐ
^ĞƵƌŽƐƚŽĨŽŝͲƐĞĂĚŽĕĂŶĚŽ͕ĐŽŵŽƐĞƉŽƌ ƋƵĞƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐƐĞŽŵŽƚŝǀŽĚĂĚŽĞŶĕĂĚŽƌĂƉĂǌ͕
ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĞůĞ ƐĞ ĂĐĞŶĚĞƐƐĞ ƵŵĂ ůƵǌ ĂŶŐĞůŝĐĂů͘ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ ĚŝǌŝĂ͘ dƌĂŶĐĂĚŽƐ͕ ĂĕĂŵĂĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ Ƶŵ
DĂƐ͕ĚĞƌĞƉĞŶƚĞ͕ĚĞƵƵŵŐƌŝƚŽĂƚƌŽǌ͘ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽĐŚĞŝŽĚĞĚſĞĚĞƚĞŵŽƌ͘
Ƶ͕ƋƵĞŶĆŽŐŽƐƚŽĚĞŐƌĂĕĂĐŽŵĞƐƐĂƐ ĨŝŶĂů͕ ĐŚĞŐƵĞŝ ĂŽ ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŽ ƉŽƵƐŽ͘ ƌĂ
ĐŽŝƐĂƐ͕ĚĞŝƵŵƚƌĂŶĐŽĞŽǀƵůƚŽ͕ƌŽŶĐĂŶĚŽ͕ĐĂŝƵ ƵŵƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŚŽƐŽŶŽůĞŶƚŽ͕ĞƐƋƵĞĐŝĚŽăďĞŝƌĂĚĞ
ĚĞ ũŽĞůŚŽƐ͕ ŐĞƐƚŝĐƵůĂŶĚŽ͕ ƋƵĞƌĞŶĚŽ ĂŐĂƌƌĂƌ Ă ƵŵĂ ǀĂƌŐĞŵ ŽŶĚĞ ĐƌĞƐĐŝĂŵ ďƵƌŝƚŝƐ ĞƐŐƵŝŽƐ Ğ
ƐŽŵďƌĂ͘ ďŽŶŝƚŽƐ͕ĚĞƵŵĂƉĂǌǀĞůŚĂĞŵŽƌƚĂĚĞĂƋƵĂƌĞůĂ
^ĞƵ ĂƌůŽƐ͕ ĐĂůŵŽ͕ ƉĂƚƌŝĂƌĐĂů͕ ƐƵƌŐŝƵ ă ĂŶƚŝŐĂ͘
ƉŽƌƚĂ͕ ƐŽƉƌŽƵ Ă ǀĞůĂ Ğ ůĞǀŽƵ ŶŽƐ ďƌĂĕŽƐ Ž K ĚŽŶŽ ĚŽ ƌĂŶĐŚŽ ĞƌĂ ƉƌĞƚŽ͘ DĂƐ Ƶŵ
ŚŽŵĞŵ͘ƵĞƐƚĂǀĂĂŝŶĚĂƐĞŵƉŽĚĞƌƉĞŶƐĂƌĞ͕ ƉƌĞƚŽ ĐŽŵ ĨĞŝĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ďƌĂŶĐŽ͕ ĐĂďĞůŽƐ ůŝƐŽƐ͘
ŝŶĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ŵŽǀŝĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ŵĞĚŽ͕ ĨƵŝ ;dŽƉĂŵͲƐĞ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ĚĞƐƐĞ ũĞŝƚŽ ƉŽƌ ĂůŝͿ͘ hŵ
ĂƚƌĄƐ ĚĞ ƐĞƵ ĂƌůŽƐ͘ ůĞ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ ŵĂŶĚŽƵͲŵĞ ĞƵƌŽƉĞƵŽǆŝĚĂĚŽ͘
ƐĞĐĂŵĞŶƚĞƋƵĞĨŽƐƐĞĚŽƌŵŝƌ͘ ŵƵůŚĞƌ ĚĞůĞ ĞƌĂ ĂĕĂ͕ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĐŽƌ
EŽŽƵƚƌŽĚŝĂ͕ĂŽĂůŵŽĕŽ͕ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĞŝͲŽă ŝŶĚĞĨŝŶşǀĞů͕ ĐĂďĞůŽƐ ĂůŽƵƌĂĚŽƐ͕ ŵĂƐ
ŵĞƐĂ͘^ĞƵƌŽƐƚŽƚŝŶŚĂĂŵĞƐŵĂĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĚĞ ĞŶĐĂƌĂƉŝŶŚĂĚŽƐ—ĚĞƵŵĂĨĞŝƵƌĂŝƌƌŝƚĂŶƚĞ͘
ŐƌĂŶĚĞǌĂ ƌĞƐŝŐŶĂĚĂ Ğ ĚŽůŽƌŝĚĂ͘ Ɛ ƉƵƉŝůĂƐ WĞĚŝ Ƶŵ ũĂŶƚĂƌ͕ ŵĂƐ Ž ŶĞŐƌŽ ŵĞ
ĚĂŶĕĂǀĂŵǀĂŐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ƐĞŵĨŝǆĂƌĐŽŝƐĂĂůŐƵŵĂ͘ ĐŽŶĨĞƐƐŽƵ ƋƵĞ ŶĂĚĂ ƚŝŶŚĂŵ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŵĞƌ͕
WĞĚŝƵͲŵĞ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ĨŝǌĞƐƐĞ ĐĞƌŝŵƀŶŝĂƐ Ğ ŵĞ ŵĞƐŵŽĂŵĂŶĚŝŽĐĂƐĞĂĐĂďĂƌĂ͗
ƐĞƌǀŝƐƐĞăǀŽŶƚĂĚĞ͘ —EĞŵĐĂĨĠŶſŝƐŶƵŵƉŝƐƐƷŝ͘ŐĂƌĂƉĂ
ĞƉŽŝƐ͕ ĚĞ ƐŽƉĞƚĆŽ͕ ŝŵƉƵůƐŝŽŶĂĚŽ ƐĞĂĐĂďŽƵ͕—ŶƵŶĂĐĂďŽƵ͕ĨƵůĂŶĂ͍—ŝŶǀŽĐŽƵ
ƚĂůǀĞǌ ƉĞůĂ ƌĞƐŽůƵĕĆŽ ŝŶƐƚĂŶƚąŶĞĂ ĚĞ ĂůŐƵŵ Ž ƚĞƐƚĞŵƵŶŚŽŝƌƌĞƚŽƌƋƵşǀĞůĚĂŵƵůŚĞƌ͘
ĂƚŽ͕ƋƵĞŚĄŵƵŝƚŽŽǀŝŶŚĂƚƌĂďĂůŚĂŶĚŽ͕ĚŝƐƐĞ͗ ĞĨĂƚŽ͕ŶĆŽƉŽƐƐƵşĂŵĐŽŝƐĂĂůŐƵŵĂ͖ĂŽ
—KƌĂ͕ƉĞĚŝƋƵĞŶĆŽĂĐĞŶĚĞƐƐĞĂůƵǌŽŶƚĞŵ͊ ƌĞĚŽƌ ĚĂ ƌĂŶĐŚŽ ĞƌĂ Ž ďĂŵďƵƌƌĂů͘ EĞŶŚƵŵĂ
ƋƵĞůĞ ƌĂƉĂǌ Ġ ĚŽĞŶƚĞ Ğ Ġ ƉŽƌ ŝƐƚŽ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƉůĂŶƚĂ͕ ŶĞŶŚƵŵ ĂŶŝŵĂů ĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽ ĂĨŽƌĂ Ž
ŐŽƐƚŽ ĚĞ ŚŽƐƉĞĚĂƌ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ͘ ĂƵƐĂ ŵĄ ĐĂĐŚŽƌƌŝŶŚŽĞƵŵĂŐĂůŝŶŚĂĐŚŽĐĂŶĚŽ͘
ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͘ — Ă ĚĞƌƌĂĚĞŝƌĂ ƉĂƉƵşƌĂ͘ K ƌĞƐƚŽ Ž
WĞĚŝĚĞƐĐƵůƉĂƐ͕ƋƵĞŶĆŽƐĂďŝĂ͕ƋƵĞŝƐƐŽ͕ ďŝĐŚŽĐŽŵĞƵ͘
ƋƵĞĂƋƵŝůŽ͘

170
Ğŵ͕ ƉƌĞǀĞŶĚŽ ĂƋƵŝůŽ͕ ƚƌĂǌŝĂ ĐŽŵŝŐŽ ƉĞůŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ŵĆŽƐ ŝŶǀŝƐşǀĞŝƐ ĂƉĂŐĂŶĚŽ Ă
ƵŶƐ ĚŽŝƐ ƋƵŝůŽƐ ĚĞ ĐĂƌŶĞ ƐĞĐĂ ĚĞ ĐƵƌƌĂůĞŝƌŽ͕ ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƌŽůŽĞĞƐƚƌĂŶŐƵůĂŶĚŽĂŵŽĕĂ͘
ĚĞƐƐĂĐĂƌŶĞƋƵĞƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ'ŽŝĄƐƉƌŽĚƵǌ͖ƚŽŵĞŝͲ ůĂ ĞŶĐĂŶĚĞŽƵ ŽƐ ŽůŚŽƐ ĚĞ ƉƵƉŝůĂƐ
ŽƐ Ğ ĞŶƚƌĞŐƵĞŝ ĂŽ ŶĞŐƌŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐƐĂƌ͘ dƌŽƵǆĞ ĂĐŝŶǌĞŶƚĂĚĂƐĞƉĞƌŐƵŶƚŽĂ>ƵŝǌƉŽƌƋƵĞĞůĞŶĆŽ
ŵĂŝƐƵŵĂŐĂƌƌĂĨĂĚĞƉŝŶŐĂ͕ƉŽŝƐĐĂƌŶĞƐĞĐĂŶĆŽ ĂĐĞŶĚŝĂ ĚĞ ŶŽǀŽ Ž ƌŽůŽ͘ DĂƐ ĞůĞ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ďĞŵ
ĚŝƐƉĞŶƐĂŶƵŶĐĂĞƐƐĞĂƉĞƌŝƚŝǀŽ͘ ĂĐĞƐŽ͕ ĐŽŵ Ă ĨůĂŵĂ ĂůŽŶŐĂĚĂ ƐĂƌĂĐŽƚĞĂŶĚŽ
Ƶ ŵĂŝƐ Ž ƉƌĞƚŽ ĞŶƚƌĂŵŽƐ ŶĞůĂ ĂƚĠ ĐŽŵŽ Ƶŵ ĐĂƉĞƚŝŶŚĂ ă ǀŝƌĂĕĆŽ ĐŚĞŝƌŽƐĂ ĚĂ
ĚĂŶĂƌ — ĞƵ ƐĞŶƚĂĚŽ ŶŽ ƉŝůĆŽ͕ ƉĞƌƚŽ ĚĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ͘
ĞƐƉĞƚĂĚĂĚĞĐĂƌŶĞĞĞůĞĞŵŵŝŶŚĂĨƌĞŶƚĞ͕ŶƵŵ K ƌĂƉĂǌ ĐŽŶƐŽůĂǀĂͲĂ͗ — EĆŽ͕ DĂŐĂ͕
ďĂŶƋƵŝŶŚŽĚĞƚƌġƐƉĠƐ͘>ĞŵďƌŽƵͲŵĞ͕ĞŶƚĆŽ͕Ž ĂŐŽƌĂ Ġ ƋƵĞ ǀĂŵŽƐ ŐŽǌĂƌ Ž ŶŽƐƐŽ Ă͕͘͘͘ Ğ ŶĆŽ
ĐĂƐŽĚŽůŽƵĐŽ͘ ƉŽĚĞ ƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƌ͘ ĞƐĞŶŚĂǀĂͲƐĞ ŶĂ ƉĂƌĞĚĞ Ă
K ŶĞŐƌŽ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ Ƶŵ ĂŶũŽ — ƌŝŶĚŽ͕ ƐŽŵďƌĂ ĨƵŐŝĚŝĂ͕ ĞƐŐĂƌĕĂĚĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ĐƌąŶŝŽ
ŵŽƐƚƌĂŶĚŽ Ă ĐĂŶũŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ĚĞŶƚĞƐ ĂůǀŽƐ͕ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐĂůǀŽ ƋƵĞ ĞŶĐŝŵĂǀĂ Ƶŵ
ƐĂƚŝƐĨĞŝƚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ĞŵďƌŝĂŐƵĞǌ͘ Ž ƚŽĐĂƌ͕ ĞƐƋƵĞůĞƚŽ͘
ĞŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ŶŽ ĐĂƐŽ͕ Ž ƌŽƐƚŽ ĚĞůĞ ƐĞ ĨĞĐŚŽƵ ŵƵůŚĞƌĞƐƚĞŶĚĞƵͲůŚĞŽƐďƌĂĕŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽ
ŶƵŵĂůƵƚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĂ͕ĐŽďƌŝŶĚŽͲƐĞĚĞƵŵĂƐŽŵďƌĂ ƐĞ ƋƵŝƐĞƐƐĞ ĂůĐĂŶĕĂƌ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ ƉŽƐƚĂ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ĚĞ ĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌĂĕĆŽ͕ ĚĞ ĞƐĨŽƌĕŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĂĨĂƐƚĂƌ Ž ůŽŶŐĞ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ Ă ĨŝǌĞƐƐĞ Ƶŵ ŐĞƐƚŽ ĚĞ ĚĞƐĞũŽ
ǀĂƉŽƌĚŽĄůĐŽŽůĞĂũƵƐƚĂƌĂƌĂǌĆŽ͘ĞƉŽŝƐĂůŝƐŽƵ ŝƌƌĞĂůŝǌĄǀĞů ĚĞ ƉĞŶĞƚƌĂƌ Ž ƉſƌƚŝĐŽ ĚŽ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ
Ă ĐĂƌƌĂŶĐĂ͕ ƐĞƵ ƐĞŵďůĂŶƚĞ ĨŽŝͲƐĞ ƚŽƌŶĂŶĚŽ ƚĞŵƉůŽ͕ ƐĞŵ ƚĞŵƉŽ ƐĞŵ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ ƋƵĞ
ŚƵŵĂŶŽĞĞůĞĐŽŶƚŽƵŽĐĂƵƐŽ͕ĐŽŵŽĚŝǌŝĂ͘ ǀŝƐůƵŵďƌĂǀĂ͘
^ĞƵĂƌůŽƐĐŚĞŐŽƵƉĂƌĂĂůŝĐŽŵĂƋƵĞůĞ —“Quando intrei” , disse o preto, “ŝŶĚĂ
ĨŝůŚŽ — >Ƶŝǌ Ğ ŵĂŝƐ Ă ŵŽĐŝŶŚĂ — DĂƌŐĂƌŝĚĂ͘ ǀŝ ĐƵŵ ĞƐƐĞƐ ǌſŝŽ͕ ƐĞƵ ŵŽĕŽ͕ ĂƋƵĞůĂ ĨƵŵĂĕĂ
^ĞƵĂƌůŽƐĨĂůĂǀĂƋƵĞĂŵŽĕĂĞƌĂĨŝůŚĂĚĞƵŵĂ ŝŶĨĞůŝǌĂƉĂŐĂŶƵŵĂƉĂŐĂŶĂƉĂƌĞĚĞ͘ƚĂƚƌĞŵ
ƉĂƌĞŶƚĂĚĞWĂƌĂĐĂƚƵ͕ĚŽŶĚĞĞƌĂŵƚŽĚŽƐ͕ŵĂƐ feio!”
ƋƵĞĞůĞĂƚŝŶŚĂŶĂĐŽŶƚĂĚĞĨŝůŚĂ͘KŶĞŐƌŽĂƋƵŝ — “sŝŐŝĂ Ɛſ ĐƵŵĂ é qui eu tô!” — ŽƐ
fez um parêntesis, explicando “ƋƵŝ Ƶ ƉŽǀŽ ĐĂďĞůŽƐĚŽƐďƌĂĕŽƐĞƐƚĂǀĂŵƚŽĚŽƐĚĞƉĠ͘
ŐĂƌƌĂƌŽĂĨĂůĂƋƵĞĂŵŝŶŝŶĂƚŽŵĞŵĞƌĂĨŝĂĚĞ —“Foi esse nego que fechô as parpras
seu Carlos” ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶŽƵ—“ĐƵŵĞƐƐĞŶĞŐſĕŽĚĞ ĚĂƋƵĞůĂĨƵůƀ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞƐĞƵ>ƵŝǌŐĂƌƌƀĂƵŶŚĄĂƐ
ĨĂŵşĂĞƵŶƵŵďƵůŽ”. ƉĂƌĞĚĞƐ͕ĞŝŶĚĞƌĚĞĞƐƐĞĚŝĂĠĂƋƵĞůĂĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂ
sĂŝ ĞƵ >Ƶŝǌ ƐĞ ĂƉĂŝǆŽŶĂ ĐƵŵ Ă ƐŽŵďƌĂ͕ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ĐŚĂŵĞŐŽ͕ ĂƚĠ ĚĄ
ƐĞŶǀĞƌŐŽŶŚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƉĞůĂ ŵŽĕĂ Ğ ƉĞĚĞ ĂŽ ƉĂŝ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ͕ ĐŽŝƚĂĚŽ͊ &Žŝ Ƶŵ ĐĂƐƚŝŐŽ ĚŽ
ƉĂƌĂ ĐĂƐĂ ĐŽŵ ĞůĂ͘ ^ĞƵ ĂƌůŽƐ͕ ŚŽŵĞŵ ĚƵƌŽ͕ inferno.”
ŶĆŽĐŽŶƐĞŶƚĞĞĂŵďŽƐĐŽŶĐĞƌƚĂƌĂŵĚĞĨƵŐŝƌ͘
Bernardo Élis. em “Os cem melhores contos brasileiros
sŝĞƌĂŵĚĂƌŵĞƐŵŽĂůŝŶŽƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŚŽĚŽ
do século”. (diversos autores). [organização e seleção
ƉƌĞƚŽ͘ ŵŽĕĂ͕ ƚĂůǀĞǌ ƉĞůĂ ĐĂŵŝŶŚĂĚĂ Ă ƉĠ͕ 1ƚĂůŽDŽƌƌŝĐŽŶŝ΁͘ZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ĚŝƚŽƌĂKďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ϮϬϬϬ͘
ƚĂůǀĞǌ ƉŽƌ ƚĞƌ ĐŽŶƚƌĂşĚŽ ĂůŐƵŵĂ ŵŽůĠƐƚŝĂ ŶĂ
ũŽƌŶĂĚĂ͕ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ ĂďĂƚŝĚĂ͕ ůşǀŝĚĂ͕ ŵƵŝƚŽ ůŽƵƌĂ͕
ĨĞŝƚŽ ƵŵĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ ƐĞŶŚŽƌĂ ĚĞ ǌſŝŽ ĂǌƵ͘ ĚĞ
ŶŽŝƚĞ͕ăůƵǌĚĞƵŵƌŽůŽ͕ĂŵŽĕĂĚŝƐƐĞĂŽĞƐƉŽƐŽ͗
—ĂŵŽƌƚĞǀĞŵĐŚĞŐĂŶĚŽ͘ůĂĂƉƌĞƐƐĞŶƚŝĂŶŽ
Ăƌ͘ KƵǀŝͲůŚĞ Ž ƉĂƐƐŽ ĂƉƌĞƐƐĂĚŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞŵ
ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂĐŚĞŐĂƌƐĞŵƉƌĞăŚŽƌĂĞǆĂƚĂ͘ŶĚĂǀĂŵ

171
WĞƌĚŝĚĂ ŶĆŽ ĨŽŝ ƉĂƌĂ ĞůĞ Ă ĞƐĐŽůĂ͕

ĂƉĞƐĂƌ ĚŽ ƉŽƵĐŽ ƉƌŽǀĞŝƚŽ͘ ƌĂ ƐŽƐƐĞŐĂĚŽ Ğ
ůĞƌĚŽ ĚĞ ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘ WĞůĂ ĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ
ĂƐƐşĚƵĂ Ğ ďŽŵ ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ
^KϮͲ KEdKϰ– WZK:dK>/dhZ ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƵĐŽŵĚŝĨŝĐƵůĚĂĚĞ͕ĚĞůĞĞĚĂŵĞƐƚƌĂ͕Ž
KƐŵĞůŚŽƌĞƐĐŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĞƌŶĂƌĚŽůŝƐĞƐƚſƌŝĂƐĚĂ ƋƵĞĚĞŵĂŝƐĨĄĐŝůĂĞƐĐŽůĂĞŶƐŝŶĂĞƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌĞĂ
ĐĂƐĂǀĞůŚĂĚĂƉŽŶƚĞ͗ŽƌĂŽƌĂůŝŶĂ͘ ƋƵĞŵ ŶĆŽ ŵĂŝƐ ĂůĐĂŶĕĂ͘ >ĞŝƚƵƌĂ ĚĞ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ
ĨĄĐĞŝƐ͕ĞƐĐƌŝƚĂĨĄĐŝůĞĐŽŶƚŝŶŚĂƐĨĄĐĞŝƐ͘ŝƐƐŽƉƌĂ
ĨƌĞŶƚĞĞůĞĞƐďĂƌƌŽƵĞŶĆŽƌŽŵƉĞƵŵĞƐŵŽ͘
A pedrinha de “Briante” Em idade de “puxar pelo corpo”,
ŽƌĂŽƌĂůŝŶĂ͘ ƌĞĐŽůŚĞƵŽƐĐĂĚĞƌŶŽƐ͕ĚŝƐƐĞĂĚĞƵƐĄƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ
ĞĨŽŝĂũƵĚĂƌĂƚŝĂ͘
&ŽŝĂǀĞůŚĂ,ŽŶŽƌĂƚĂƋƵĞŵĂĐĂďŽƵĚĞ ƵƐĐĂǀĂĞĞŶƚƌĞŐĂǀĂƚƌŽƵǆĂƐĚĞƌŽƵƉĂƐ͕
ĐƌŝĂƌ Ž ƐŽďƌŝŶŚŽ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ Ă ŵĆĞ ŵŽƌƌĞƵ Ğ ŵĞǆŝĂƚĂĐŚŽĚĞƐĂďĆŽ͕ƉĂƌƚŝĂůĞŶŚĂĞĐĂƉŝŶĂǀĂ
ĚĞŝǆŽƵ Ž ŵŽůĞĐŽƚĞ ĂŵĂƌĞůŽ ůŽŵďƌŝŐƵĞŶƚŽ͕ Ž ƋƵŝŶƚĂů͘
ĨĞŝŽƐŽĞĐŽŵƵŵũĞŝƚŽĚĞƌĞƚĂƌĚĂĚŽ͘ ĞƐƐĞ ƐĞƌǀŝĐŝŶŚŽ ĐĂƐĞŝƌŽ ƉĂƐƐŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ
ĞƵĨŽŝƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƉƌĄ^ŝĄEŽƌĂƚĂ͘ŽŵŽ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ Ğ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ŐĂŶŚĂƌ ƐĞƵ ĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŝŶŚŽ͕
ela não tinha filhos e o marido já estava “em ƋƵĞ ĞŶƚƌĞŐĂǀĂ ă ƚŝĂ Ğ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂ ŐƵĂƌĚĂǀĂ
bom lugar”, tomou amizade ao sobrinho e fez escrupulosamente “para o futuro do rapaz”,
Ž ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ƉĂƌĂ ĞůĞ ĂƌƌŝďĂƌ͕ Ğ ĂƌƌŝďŽƵ ŵĞƐŵŽ͘ ĚŝǌŝĂ͘
ƌƌŝďŽƵŵĞƐŵŽ͘ƌƌŝďŽƵĞĞŶƚƌŽƵŶĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͕ũĄ hŵ ĚŝĂ͕ ŝĚŽƌŽ ŽƵǀŝƵ ĐŽŶƚĂƌ ƵŵĂ
ƚĂůƵĚŽ͘ ^ĞŵƉƌĞ ďĞŵͲĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂĚŽ Ğ ĐŽŵ ƐĞƵ ĞƐƚſƌŝĂŵƵŝƚŽďŽŶŝƚĂ͕ƵŵĐĂƌƌĞŝƌŽĚĞ/ŐĂƌĂƉĂǀĂ
ƵŶŝĨŽƌŵĞǌŝŶŚŽůŝŵƉŽĞƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ͕ĨŽŝĂƉĂŶŚĂĚŽ ƋƵĞ ŝĂ ŝŶĚŽ ƉŽƌ ƵŵĂ ĞƐƚƌĂĚĂ ĐŽŵ ƐĞƵ ĐĂƌƌŽ
ĂůŐƵŵĂĐŽŝƐĂĚŽŵƵŝƚŽƋƵĞĂĞƐĐŽůĂĞŶƐŝŶĂ͘ ĐĂŶƚĂĚŽƌ͕ƐƵĂƐũƵŶƚĂƐĚĞďŽŝ͕ƐƵĂǀĂƌĂĚĞĨĞƌƌĆŽ
ǀĞůŚĂ ,ŽŶŽƌĂƚĂ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƐƵĂ ĐĂƐŝŶŚĂ ůĄ ĞĂƌŐŽůŝŶŚĂƐ͕ƐƵĂĐĂůĕĂƌĞŵĞŶĚĂĚĂ͕ƐƵĂĐĂŵŝƐĂ
ŶŽ ĂŝƌƌŽ ůƚŽ͘ ůĠŵ ĚĞ ƐĞƌ ŵƵŝƚŽ ŐƌŽƐƐĞŝƌĂĚĞƌŝƐĐĂĚŽ͕ƐĞƵĐŚĂƉĠƵĚĞƉĂůŚĂĞĚĞ
ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ ĞƐƚŝŵĂĚĂĞ ĚĞďŽŶƐƉƌĠƐƚŝŵŽƐ͕ ƉĠƐŶŽĐŚĆŽ͘
ĞƌĂĚŽŶĂĚĞƵŵĂǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂƐĂďĞĚŽƌŝĂŶŽůĂǀĂƌ /ĂŝŶĚŽƐŽƐƐĞŐĂĚŽ͕ďĞŵƉŽďƌĞǌŝŶŚŽ͕Ɛſ
ĞƉĂƐƐĂƌƚĞƌŶŽƐĞĐĂŵŝƐĂƐĚĞŚŽŵĞŵ͘>ĂǀĂǀĂĞ ƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽŶĂƐƵĂůŝĚĂĞŶŽƐƐĞƵƐďŽŝƐ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽ
ƉĂƐƐĂǀĂ ƌŽƵƉĂ ĚĞ ŐĂŶŚŽ͘ Ğ ŵĂŶŚĆ ă ƚĂƌĚĞ͕ ĚĞƵƵŵĂƚŽƉĂĚĂĞŵĂĐŚƵĐŽƵŽĚĞĚĆŽ͘ĐŚŽƵ
ĞƌĂ ŶĂ ǀĂƐĐĂ Ğ ŶĂƐ ƚŝŶĂƐ͕ ĞŶƐĂďŽĂŶĚŽ͕ ƌƵŝŵ͘>ĞǀŽƵĂŵĆŽĂŽƉĠ͕ĞŶĨĞǌĂĚŽ͘WƌŽĐƵƌŽƵ
ĞƐĨƌĞŐĂŶĚŽ͕ƋƵĂƌĂŶĚŽ͕ƚŽƌĐĞŶĚŽĞĞƐƚĞŶĚĞŶĚŽ ĂƌƌĂŶĐĂƌ Ă ƚƌĂǀĂŶĐĂ͘ dĂǀĂ Ăůŝ ĞŶƋƵŝƐƚĂĚĂ͘
ƉĞůŽƐǀĂƌĂŝƐ͘ &ŽƌĕŽƵ Ă ƉŽŶƚĂ ĚĂ ĨĂĐĂ͕ Ă ĐŽŝƐĂ ƐĂůƚŽƵ͘ ůĞ
ĞŶŽŝƚĞ͕ĂĐĞŶĚŝĂƐĞƵĨĞƌƌŽͲĚĞͲďƌĂƐĂƐĞ ƉĞŐŽƵ ĐŽŵ ƌĂŝǀĂ͕ ǆŝŶŐŽƵ Ž ŶŽŵĞ ĚĂ ŵĆĞ Ğ
ĞƌĂĞŶƚĆŽƵŵƉĂƐƐĂƌƌŽƵƉĂĂƚĠĂƐŚŽƌĂƐƚĂƌĚŝĂƐ ƐĂĐƵĚŝƵůŽŶŐĞ͘EŽǀŽůƚĞŝŽƋƵĞĂƉĞĚƌĂĚĞƵ͕ĞůĞ
ĚŽƐŽŶŽ͘ ǀŝƵƵŵĂĐŚŝƐƉĂĨŽƐĨŽƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͕ĞƐƋƵŝƐŝƚĂ͘&ŝĐŽƵ
Žŵ ƐƵĂ ďŽĂ ĐĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĚĞƵ ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ Ğ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĂĚŽ͘ &Žŝ ĂƚĠ Ž ďĂƌƌĂĐŽ͕ ĐĂĕŽƵ Ă
ĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƉŽďƌĞ ĂŽ ƐŽďƌŝŶŚŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƉĞĚƌĂ͕ ĂĐŚŽƵ͘ WĞĚƌŝŶŚĂ ĞƐĐƵƌŝŶŚĂ͕ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂ
ĐŚĂŵĂǀĂ /ǌŝĚŽƌŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ĂƚĞŶĚŝĚŽ ƉŽƌ ŝĚŽƌŽ͘ ĐŚŝƐƉĂĂǌƵůĂĚĂ͘
ĞƵĂĞůĞ͕ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ͕ƵŵďŽŵĐĂƚĞĐŝƐŵŽĐŽŵ KůŚŽƵ͕ŵŝƌŽƵ͘EĆŽƐĂďŝĂƐĞĞƌĂĚĞǀĂůŽƌ
ƐƵĂ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ĐŽŵƵŶŚĆŽ͕ ŵŝƐƐĂ ĚŽŵŝŶŝĐĂů͕ ŽƵ Ƶŵ ƚƌĞŵ ă ƚŽĂ͘ WĞůŽ ƐĞŐƵƌŽ͕ ŵĞƚĞƵ ŶĂ
ŐƵĂƌĚĂ ĚŽƐ ĚŝĂƐ ƐĂŶƚŽƐ͕ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ ƉĞůŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĐĂƉĂŶŐĂ͘
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DĞƐĞƐ ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽƐ ĞƌĂ ũĄ Ƶŵ ŽƵƚƌŽ ƋƵĞ ŵĞƐŵŽ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ĐĂƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƐƐĞ ĐĂƐĂ
ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂǀĂ ĐŽŵ Ž ĐĂƌƌŽ Ğ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ďŽŝƐ͘ K ƉĂƌĂŵŽƌĂƌ͕ĚĞƉŽŝƐĚĞĐĂƐĂĚŽ͖ĐŽŵĞůĂ͕ŶĆŽ͘
ĐĂƌƌĞŝƌŽŵĞƐŵŽĚĂƚŽƉĂĚĂĞƐƚĂǀĂĞƌĂĚŽŶŽĚĞ ƋƵĞŽŝĚŽƌŽƚŝŶŚĂƐĞĞŵďĞŝĕĂĚŽĚĞ
Ƶŵ ďĂƌ ĚĞ ĞƐƋƵŝŶĂ ŶĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ /ŐĂƌĂƉĂǀĂ͕ ƵŵĂ ƚĂů /ǀŽŶĞ ƋƵĞ ƚŝŶŚĂ ĂƉĂƌĞĐŝĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ƶŵ
ƐĞŶŚŽƌĚĞƵŵĂĚƷǌŝĂĚĞĐĂƐĂƐĚĞĂůƵŐƵĞů͕ĂŶĞů ĨŝůŚŽ͕ƐĂďĞůĄĚĞƋƵĞŵ͘͘͘ĞƋƵĞĂĨĂŵşůŝĂ͕ŐĞŶƚĞ
ĚĞƉĞĚƌĂƐŶŽƐĚĞĚŽƐĞĐŽŵŵƵŝƚŽĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽ͘ ƉŽďƌĞǌŝŶŚĂ͕ŵĂƐĚŝƌĞŝƚĂ͕ĂĐĂƚŽƵĞŵĐĂƐĂƉĂƌĂ
ƉĞĚƌĂ͕ ĚĞ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ǀĂůŽƌ͕ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ƉŽƌĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞŶĆŽƐĞƉĞƌĚĞƐƐĞĚĞƚŽĚŽăĞƐƉĞƌĂĚĞƵŵĂ
ƋƵŝůĂƚĞƐ͕ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƐŝĚŽ ǀĞŶĚŝĚĂ ƉŽƌ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ǀŝŶƚĞ ŽƉŽƌƚƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĐŽŶƚŽƐĚĞƌĠŝƐ͘ ŝĚŽƌŽ͕ ƐĞŵ ĚĞƐƉĞƐĂƐ Ğŵ ĐĂƐĂ ĚĂ ƚŝĂ͕
ŝĚŽƌŽ ĨŝĐĂƌ ƐƵŐĞƐƚŝŽŶĂĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ƋƵĞĞƐƚĂƐĂďŝĂƌĞŐĞƌƐƵĂƉŽďƌĞǌŝŶŚĂĚĞŵƵůŚĞƌ
ĞƐƚſƌŝĂ͘ ŽŵŽ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂǀĂ ƉĞůŽƐ ĂůŚĞŝŽƐ͕ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƐŝŵƉůĞƐ Ğ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ ƚŝŶŚĂ ũƵŶƚĂĚŽ ƐĞƵƐ
ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ŶĂ ŵĞŶƚĞ Ž ĐĂƌƌĞŝƌŽ ĨĞůŝǌĂƌĚŽ͕ ĐŽďƌĞƐ Ğ͕ ŵĞƐŵŽ ĐŽŵ ĚĞƐĂƉƌŽǀĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ƚŝĂ͕
ĞƐƉĞƌĂŶĚŽƋƵĞŶƵŵŐŽůƉĞĚĞƐƵĂĞŶǆĂĚĂ͕ũĄŶŽ ĐƵŝĚŽƵĚĞĂƉƌĞƐƐĂƌŽĐĂƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ͕ĐŽŵŐƌĂŶĚĞ
ŽůŚŽ͕ƐĂůƚĂƐƐĞƵŵĂĐƌŝĂĚĂƉĞĚƌĂĚĞ/ŐĂƌĂƉĂǀĂ͘ ĞŵƉĞŶŚŽĚĂŐĞŶƚĞĚĂŵŽĕĂƋƵĞŶĞůĞǀŝƵŽďŽŵ
dƌĂďĂůŚĂǀĂ ĞůĞ͕ Ƶŵ ĚŝĂ͕ ŶŽ ƋƵŝŶƚĂů ĚĞ ĂƌƌĂŶũŽƉĂƌĂĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞĚĞƐĂƌƌĂŶũĂĚĂ͘
ŶŽƐƐĂ ĐĂƐĂ͕ Ğŵ WĞŶĄƉŽůŝƐ͘ Ă ũĂŶĞůĂ͕ ƐĞŵ ƐĞƌ dŝƌŽƵ ŽƐ ƉĂƉĠŝƐ Ğ ƉĂŐŽƵ ĚŽ ƐĞƵ͘
ǀŝƐƚĂ͕ ĞƵ ŝĂ ĂĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĂŶĚŽ ƐĞƵƐ ůĂŶĐĞƐ͘ DĂŶĚŽƵ ĨĂǌĞƌ ƚĞƌŶŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĚŝĂ͕ ĐŽŵƉƌŽƵ
ŽŝƐŝŶŚĂ ĨƌĂĐĂ͘ EĞŵ Ž ŵĂƚŝŶŚŽ ĚŽ ƋƵŝŶƚĂů ǀĞƐƚŝĚŽ Ğ ƐĂƉĂƚŽ ƉƌĂ ŶŽŝǀĂ͘ ƉĂƌĞůŚŽƵ Ă
ƌĞƋƵĞƌŝĂ ŵĂŝƐ͘ ĂǀĂ ƵŶƐ ƚĂŶƚŽƐ ŐŽůƉĞƐ͕ ĐĂƐŝŶŚĂ Ğ ƐƵƉƌŝƵ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƚŽĚŽ͕ ŶĂ ƌĞŐƌĂ ĚĞ
ĂďĂŝǆĂǀĂ Ğ ĂƉĂŶŚĂǀĂ ĂůŐƵŵĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ ŶŽ ĐŚĆŽ͘ ƉŽďƌĞ͘ ŽŵƉƌŽƵ ĚƵĂƐ ĐĂŵĂƐ͗ ƵŵĂ ůĂƌŐĂ ĚĞ
KůŚĂǀĂ͕ ƌĞŵŝƌĂǀĂ͕ ăƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ ĂƚĠ ƉĂƐƐĂǀĂ Ă ĚŽŝƐĞƵŵĂĚĞƵŵƐſ͕ƉƌŽŵĞŶŝŶŽ͘
ůşŶŐƵĂ͘:ŽŐĂǀĂĨŽƌĂŽƵĞŶĨŝĂǀĂŶŽďŽůƐŽ͘ EƵŵ ƐĄďĂĚŽ ďŽŶŝƚŽ ĚĞ ƐŽů ƋƵĞŶƚĞ͕
/ŶƚƌŝŐĂĚĂ ĐŽŵ ĂƋƵĞůĂ ŵĂŶŽďƌĂ ĚĞ ĐĂƐŽƵŵĞƐŵŽŽŝĚŽƌŽĞĞŶƚƌŽƵŶĂƐƵĂĐĂƐŝŶŚĂ
ƉŽƵĐŽ ƌĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽ͕ ĚĞƐĐŝ͕ ŵĞ ĐŽŵĂŵƵůŚĞƌŽĨŝůŚŽĚĞƐƚĂ͘
ĂĐĞƌƋƵĞŝĞƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĞŝ͗ ŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŶĚŽ Ă ǀĞůŚĂ ,ŽŶŽƌĂƚĂ͕
— YƵĞ Ġ ĞƐƚĄ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŶĚŽ͕ ŝĚŽƌŽ͘͘͘ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĞŝ ĐŽŵŽ ŝĂ ŝŶĚŽ Ž ƐŽďƌŝŶŚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝĚĂ
ƉĞƌĚĞƵĂůŐƵŵĂƉƌĂƚŝŶŚĂĚŽďŽůƐŽ͍ ŶŽǀĂ͘͘͘ ůĂ ŵĞ ĚŝƐƐĞ ĚĞ ƐĞƵƐ ĂŶƚŝŐŽƐ
— EĆŽ ƐĞŶŚŽƌĂ͕ ĚŝƐƐĞ ĞůĞ͕ ƚŽƵ ƉƌĞƐƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ƋƵĞ Ž ĐĂƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ
ƉƌĞĐƵƌĂŶĚŽĠƵŵĂƉĞĚƌŝŶŚĂĚĞďƌŝĂŶƚĞ͘͘͘ŵĞ ƐŽďƌŝŶŚŽ ƚĂǀĂ ĨƌĂĐĂƚĞĂĚŽ͘ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ĂŐŽƌĂ
ĐŽŶƚŽƵĂĞƐƚſƌŝĂĚŽĐĂƌƌĞŝƌŽĚĞ/ŐĂƌĂƉĂǀĂ͘ ĐƵŵƉƌŝĂĂƐŝŶĂ͘͘͘
ĐŚĞŝŐƌĂĕĂ͘ĞŝĞůĞŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĞƐƉĞƌĂŶĕĂƐ DĂŝƐŶĆŽĨĂůŽƵĞŵĂŝƐŶĆŽƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĞŝĂůŝ͕
e pensei comigo: “Sim, Zidoro, simples e casto ŶŽ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ĨĞŝƌĂ Ğ ŵĞƐŵŽ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ Ă
ŝĚŽƌŽ͕ŶſƐƚŽĚŽƐƉƌŽĐƵƌĂŵŽƐŶŽƐƐĂƉĞĚƌŝŶŚĂ ǀĞůŚŝŶŚĂĞŶĐŚĞƵŽƐŽůŚŽƐĚĞůĄŐƌŝŵĂƐ͘
ĚĞ ďƌŝůŚĂŶƚĞ͘ YƵĞ ĨĂǌĞŵŽƐ ŶĆŽ ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƌ ĐŽŵ dĞŵƉŽƐ ĚĞƉŽŝƐ͕ ĚĞŝ ĐŽŵ ŝĚŽƌŽ
ĂĨŝŶĐŽ͕ƉĞůŽƐĐĂŵŝŶŚŽƐĚĂǀŝĚĂ͕ĞƐƐĂƉĞĚƌŝŶŚĂ ĚĞŵƵĚĂĚŽ͕ƐƵũŽ͕ƌĂƐŐĂĚŽ͕ĚĞƉĠŶŽĐŚĆŽĞĐŽŵ
ŝŵĂŐŝŶĄƌŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƚĆŽ ĨĂĐŝůŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĂŝƵ ŶŽ ƉĠ ƐƵĂĞŶǆĂĚŝŶŚĂŶŽŽŵďƌŽ͘ƌŝŶƋƵĞŝĐŽŵĞůĞ͗
descalço de um carreiro humilde”, — ŶƚĆŽ͕ ŝĚŽƌŽ͕ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ĂĐĂďŽƵ
dĞŵƉŽƐ ĚĞƉŽŝƐ͕ ƐŽƵďĞ ƉĞůĂ ǀĞůŚĂ ĂĐŚĂŶĚŽĂƉĞĚƌŝŶŚĂĚĞďƌŝĂŶƚĞ͕ŶĆŽ͍
,ŽŶŽƌĂƚĂƋƵĞŽƐŽďƌŝŶŚŽŝĂƐĞĐĂƐĂƌ͕ĞƋƵĞŽ —ĚŽŶĂ͕ĞƵĨůƵŝůŽŐƌĂĚŽ͘͘͘
ĐĂƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĞƌĂ ƚĂŶƚŽ Ă ĐŽŶƚƌĂŐŽƐƚŽ ĚĞůĂ ƋƵĞ͕ —ŽŵŽĂƐƐŝŵ͕ŝĚŽƌŽ͍
ĞŵďŽƌĂ ĚĞƐĞũĂƐƐĞ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŵƉĂŶŚŝĂ ŵŽĕĂ Ğŵ — sŝŐŝĂ Ă ƐĞŶŚŽƌĂ͘ ,ŽŵĞ ĐĂƐĂ Ġ ƉƌĂ
ƐƵĂĐĂƐĂ͕ĂǀŝƐŽƵŽƐŽďƌŝŶŚŽĚĞƋƵĞƐĞƋƵŝƐĞƐƐĞ ŵŽĚĞĚĞƚĞƌĐĂƐĂĞĚĞƚĞƌŵƵůĞƌ͘͘͘ĞƵďŽƚĞŝŶĂ
ĐĂƐŝŶŚĂĚƵĂƐĐĂŵĂ—ƵŵĂůĂƌŐĂĚĞĚŽŝƐĞƵŵĂ

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ƉƌŽĞŶƚĞĂĚŽ͘WŽŝƐŶĆŽĠƋƵĞĂ/ǀŽŶĞ͕ĚĞƐĚĞƋƵĞ ƉŽƌƋƵĞŐĂŝƚĂĐƵƐƚĂǀĂĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽƉƌĂĚĂŶĂƌĞƋƵĞ
ŶſŝƐƐĞĐĂƐŽƵ͕ƉŽƐĂŶĂĐĂŵĂůĂƌŐĂĚĞĚŽŝƐĞŵĞ ĞůĞ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƋƵĞ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂƌ ĚƵĂƐ ƐĞŵĂŶĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĐŽĂŐĞĂĨŝĐĂĐŽŵĂƚĂƌŝŵďĂĞƐƚƌĞŝƚĂ͘͘͘ ũƵŶƚĂƌ Ž ĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ŐĂŝƚŝŶŚĂ͕ ĚĂƐ
— ƋƵĞ Ěŝǌ ĞůĂ͕ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĞŝ͘ sŽĐġ ŶĆŽ ŵĞŶŽƌĞƐ ĚĂ ƉƌĂĕĂ͘ ƋƵĞŵ ŝƌŝĂ ĐŽŵƉƌĂƌ Ă
ƌĞĐůĂŵŽƵƐĞƵƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ͍ ĐŽŵŝĚĂ͕ƉĂŐĂƌŽĂůƵŐƵĞů͍
— ƌƌĞĐƌĂŵĞŝ͕ĚŽŶĂ͕ŵĂŝƐĞůĂĚŝƐƐĞƋƵĞ ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ă ŵƵůŚĞƌ ĨĂůĂǀĂ͕ ƐĞƵ
ŶĆŽƉŽƐĂĐŽŵŝŐŽŵŽĚĞŶƵŵƚĞƌƵŵĨŝŽĨĞŝŽ ƋƵĞ ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌƌĞĐŽƌĚĂǀĂƋƵĞƚĂŵďĠŵĞůĞŶĂƐƵĂ
ŶĞŵĞƵ͘͘͘ ŝŶĨąŶĐŝĂ ƐŽŶŚŽƵ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĐŽŵ Ƶŵ ďĞƌŝŵďĂƵ ĚĞ
— >ĞŵďƌĂͲƐĞĚĂƉĞĚƌŝŶŚĂĚĞďƌŝůŚĂŶƚĞ Ƶŵ ǀĞůŚŽ ĞǆͲĞƐĐƌĂǀŽ ĚŽ ǀŝǌŝŶŚŽ ĚŽ ƉĂŝ͘ ĞůŽ
ƋƵĞǀŽĐġƉƌŽĐƵƌĂǀĂ͕ŝĚŽƌŽ͍ ďĞƌŝŵďĂƵ͕ ŵŝƐƚĞƌŝŽƐŽ͕ ĚŽŶĚĞ Ž ƉƌĞƚŽ ǀĞůŚŽ
— ͕ĞƵƐĞĂůĞŵďƌŽ͕ĚŽŶĂ͕ŵĂŝƐĂŵŝŶŚĂ ƌĞƚŝƌĂǀĂ ŵĞůŽĚŝĂƐ ůŝŶĚĂƐ͕ ƐĞŵ ĞƐĨŽƌĕŽ Ğ ƐĞŵ
ƐĂŝƵĨĂƌƐĂ͘͘͘ĠƐŝŶĂ͘ ƚƌŽƉĞĕŽ͕ĐŽŵŽƐĞĞƐƚŝǀĞƐƐĞĂƉĞŶĂƐĂĐĂƌŝĐŝĂŶĚŽ
— EĆŽ Ɛſ Ă ƐƵĂ͕ ŝĚŽƌŽ͕ ĚŝƐƐĞ ĞƵ͘ ĂĐŽƌĚĂ͘^ſŵƵŝƚŽƚĞŵƉŽĚĞƉŽŝƐ͕ĚĞďĂƌďĂŶĂ
YƵĂŶƚĂ ƉĞĚƌŝŶŚĂ ďŽĂ Ă ĂŐĞŶƚĞ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂ ŶĂ ĐĂƌĂ͕ƉŽĚĞƚĞƌƵŵďĞƌŝŵďĂƵ͖ŵĂƐĂşŽƋƵĞĞůĞ
ĞƐƚƌĂĚĂ ĚĂ ǀŝĚĂ͕ ĂƉĂŶŚĂ͕ ůŝŵƉĂ Ğ ĚĞƉŽŝƐ ĂƉĞƌƚĂǀĂ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ĚĞĚŽƐ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ĂƌĐŽ ĚƵƌŽ Ğ
ĚĞƐĐŽďƌĞƋƵĞĠĨĂůƐĂ͘͘͘ ǀĞůŚĂ Ğ ĨĞĚŽƌĞŶƚĂ ĐƵŝĂ͕ ŽƐ ĚĞĚŽƐ ĚŽşĂŵ͕ Ž
— ƐŝŶĂ͘͘͘ ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĞƌĂ ĚĞƐĂũĞŝƚĂĚŽ͕ ŶĞŶŚƵŵ ƐŽŵ
ĚĞůĞƐĞĚĞƐƉƌĞŶĚŝĂ͗ĞƌĂƵŵĂƌĐŽĞƵŵĂĐƵŝĂ͘
Cora Coralina. Em “Estórias da casa velha da ponte” / Contos
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ/͘ϭϰĞĚ͘– ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗'ůŽďĂů͕ϮϬϭϰ͘ϭϭϮƉ͘
— sŽƵ ƚĞ ĚĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŐĂŝƚĂ͕ — ĨĂůŽƵ Ž
ŚŽŵĞŵ ƉĂƐƐĂŶĚŽ Ă ŵĆŽ ƉĞůĂ ĐĂƌŝŶŚĂ ĚŽ
sĂŵŽƐĂǀĂůŝĂƌĂ
ŵĞŶŝŶŽ ƋƵĞ ŽƵǀŝĂ Ă ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂ Ğ ƋƵĞ ŶĂƋƵĞůĞ
ůĞŝƚƵƌĂĚŽƐ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞŝǆĂǀĂ ĚĞ ƐĞƌ Ž ĨŝůŚŽ ĚĂ ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ
ĐŽŶƚŽƐϯĞϰ͍ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞƌ ƵŵĂ ƉƌŽũĞĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŝŶĨąŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ
ĐĞƐƐĞŽYZ
KŽƵŽůŝŶŬĞ
ŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͘ Ă ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ƐƵĂ ŵĆĞ͕ ƐĞŶƚŝƵŽƐ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂŽ ŽůŚŽƐĂƌĚĞƌĞŵĚĞĐŚŽƌŽ͘ŽŝƚĂĚŽ͕ůŽŐŽĂƋƵĞůĞ
ƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶĄƌŝŽ͘ ŚŽŵĞŵƚĆŽƉŽďƌĞ͕ƚĆŽŝŶĨĞůŝǌ͕ůŽŐŽŽůĂĚƌĆŽĚĂ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĨŽƌŵƐ͘ŐůĞͬtƐ>ZϴsǆϯŐǇ<ϭϱϮ^ϰ ĐŝĚĂĚĞǌŝŶŚĂĠƋƵĞƐĞůĞŵďƌĂǀĂĚĞƐĞƵĨŝůŚŽĞ
ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝĂ ƐĞƵ ƉĞƋƵĞŶŽ ƐŽŶŚŽ ĚĞ ŵĞŶŝŶŽ͊
ŽŵŽŽƉŽǀŽĞƌĂŵĂƵƚƌĂƚĂŶĚŽĂƋƵĞůĞŚŽŵĞŵ
ĐŽŵŽƐĞĨŽƐƐĞƵŵĂĨĞƌĂ͕ƵŵďŝĐŚŽƐĞŵĂůŵĂ͘
^ĞŽĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƐƐĞŵĐŽŵŽĞůĂŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĂ͕ǀŝƐƐĞŵ
ĐŽƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞůĞ ĐŽŵŽ ĞƌĂ ďŽŶĚŽƐŽ͕ ƐĞ
Ž
^KϯͲ KEdKϱ– Z/> ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƐƐĞŵ ŽĚĞƐĞũŽ ƋƵĞ ĞůĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĂĞŵ ĚĂƌ
KƐŵĞůŚŽƌĞƐĐŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĞƌŶĂƌĚŽůŝƐĞƐƚſƌŝĂƐĚĂ
ĂůĞŐƌŝĂ ĂŽƐ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ ŶĆŽ ĨĂƌŝĂŵ ĐŽŵ ĞůĞ ƚĂŶƚĂ
ĐĂƐĂǀĞůŚĂĚĂƉŽŶƚĞ͗ŽƌĂŽƌĂůŝŶĂ͘ ũƵĚŝĂĕĆŽ͕ Ž ĂũƵĚĂƌŝĂŵ Ă ǀŝǀĞƌ Ğŵ ƉĂǌ ĐŽŵ
ĚŝŐŶŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ůĂ ŶƵŶĐĂ Ž ƚƌĂƚĂƌŝĂ ŵĂů͗ ĞůĂ Ž
ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂĐŚĂŵĂǀĂͲƐĞƉĞĚƌĂ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĂďĞŵ͘
&ŽŝĂşƋƵĞŽŵĞŶŝŶŽĞŶƚƌŽƵŶĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ
ĞƌŶĂƌĚŽůŝƐ͘
ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂŶĚŽ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĐŽŶƚĞŶƚĞ ƐĞ ŶĆŽ ƐĞƌŝĂ ŶŽ
ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂ — ƉŽƌ ƋƵĞ Ă ƐĞŶŚŽƌĂ ŶĆŽ EĂƚĂů ƋƵĞ Ž ůĂĚƌĆŽ ŝĂ ƚƌĂǌĞƌ Ă ƐƵĂ ŐĂŝƚĂ͘
ĐŽŵƉƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĞůĞ ƵŵĂ ŐĂŝƚĂ — Ă ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ŶĞŵ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ Ă ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƌ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ž
ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƵƋƵĞŶĆŽĐŽŵƉƌĂƉĂƌĂĞůĞƵŵĂŐĂŝƚĂ ĐŽŝƚĂĚŝŶŚŽ ŶƵŶĐĂ ƚŝŶŚĂ ĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽ ŶĞŵ ƉĂƌĂ
— Ă ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƵ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŵƉƌĂǀĂ ĐŽŵĞƌ͊KƌĂƐſ͕ĚĂƌƵŵĂŐĂŝƚĂ͕ĚĂƌƵŵĂŐĂŝƚĂĞůĞ

174
ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ Ž ůĂĚƌĆŽ ŽĨŝĐŝĂů ĚĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞǌŝŶŚĂ͕ ĐƵũĂ ŽĂĐƵƐĂĚŽ͕ŐƌĂĕĂƐăƉŝĞĚŽƐĂƐĞŶŚŽƌĂ͕

ĨĂŵĂƐĞĚĞĨŝŶŝƵĚĞǀĞǌŐƌĂĕĂƐĂĚŽŶĂƌŐŝŶƵƐĂ͕ ĨŽŝƌĞĐŽůŚŝĚŽăƉƌŝƐĆŽƉŽƌŵƵŝƚŽƐĂŶŽƐ͘YƵĂŶĚŽ
ĂƐĞŶŚŽƌĂŵĂŝƐƌŝĐĂĞƉŝĞĚŽƐĂĚĞƚŽĚĂĂƌĞŐŝĆŽ͘ ĚĞĨŝŶŝƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŽĨŝĐŝĂůŝǌĂĚŽ ůĂĚƌĆŽ ĚĞŝǆŽƵ Ă
hŵĚŝĂŽůĂĚƌĆŽĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƵĞŵƐƵĂĐĂƐĂĚŝǌĞŶĚŽ ĐĂĚĞŝĂ͕ŶĆŽŽĚĞŝǆĂƌĂŵŵƵĚĂƌĚĞƉƌŽĨŝƐƐĆŽ͕ũĄ
ĂŽĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂĚŽƌ͕ƋƵĞĂůŝĞƐƚĂǀĂƉĂƌĂĚĞǀŽůǀĞƌ ƋƵĞ ĂŐŽƌĂ ƚŽĚŽƐ Ž ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĂŵ͘ Ăş ƉĂƌĂ Ă
ƵŵĂ ũŽŝĂ ƋƵĞ ĨƵƌƚĂƌĂ ă ĚŽŶĂ ĨĂǌŝĂ ĚŽŝƐ ĂŶŽƐ͘ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ͕ƚĆŽůŽŐŽƐƵŵŝĂƵŵĂĐŽŝƐĂ͕ŽĚŽŶŽĐŽƌƌŝĂ
ŽŝƐ ĂŶŽƐ͊ /ŵƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͊ — ƉĞŶƐŽƵ Ž ĂŽƌĂŶĐŚŽŽŶĚĞŵŽƌĂǀĂŽůĂĚƌĆŽ͕ƚŽŵĂǀĂŽƋƵĞ
ĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂĚŽƌ͕ƉŽŝƐĚŽŶĂƌŐŝŶƵƐĂĚŝĂƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƉƵĚĞƐƐĞ ůĄ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ͕ ŵĞƐŵŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ůĂĚƌĆŽ
ƉĂƐƐĂǀĂĞŵƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐƵĂƐũŽŝĂƐĞŶƵŶĐĂĚĞƵƉŽƌ ĂĨŝƌŵĂƐƐĞƋƵĞĂƋƵĞůĞŽďũĞƚŽĞůĞŽĐŽŵƉƌĂƌĂŽƵ
ĨĂůƚĂ ĚĞ ŶĞŶŚƵŵĂ͊ DĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ Ž ůĂĚƌĆŽ ŐĂŶŚĂƌĂ͘ EĂ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂ ĚŽƐ ĐĂƐŽƐ͕ ŵƵŝƚĂ ŐĞŶƚĞ
ŝŶƐŝƐƚŝƐƐĞ͕ ĚŽŶĂ ƌŐŝŶƵƐĂ ĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƵ͕ ƚŽŵŽƵ Ă ĂůĞŐĂǀĂ ƋƵĞ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƐŝĚŽ ĨƵƌƚĂĚĂ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ũŽŝĂ͕ĞĂƉſƐŵŝŶƵĐŝŽƐŽĞǆĂŵĞƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵƋƵĞ ƚŽŵĂƌ ĂŽ ůĂĚƌĆŽ ĂůŐƵŵĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ͖ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ
ĞƌĂ ŵĞƐŵŽ ƐĞƵ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ďƌŽĐŚĞ ĚĞ ŽƵƌŽ Ğ ĚĞůŝĐĂĚŽƐ ƚŽŵĂǀĂŵ ĂŽ ůĂĚƌĆŽ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ĐŽŝƐĂ
ďƌŝůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĨŽƌĂƐƵĂŵĆĞƋƵĞŽŚĞƌĚŽƵĚĂĂǀſ͕ ĚĞƐĚĞƋƵĞĞŵƐƵĂĐĂƐĂƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĐŽŝƐĂƐƵŵŝĂ͕
ƋƵĞ ŚĞƌĚŽƵ ĚĞ ŽƵƚƌĂ Ăǀſ͘ ^ſ Ă ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞ ƚĞƌ ŵĂƐƐĞĂĐŽŝƐĂƐƵŵŝĚĂĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƐƐĞ͕ŽƐĚĞůŝĐĂĚŽƐ
ƉŽĚŝĚŽƉĞƌĚĞƌĂũŽŝĂĐĂƵƐŽƵĄƐĞŶƐşǀĞůƐĞŶŚŽƌĂ ƐĞĞƐƋƵĞĐŝĂŵĚĞĚĞǀŽůǀĞƌĂŽůĂĚƌĆŽŽƋƵĞĨŽƌĂ
Ƶŵ ĚĞƐŐŽƐƚŽ ƚĆŽ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƋƵĞ ůŽŐŽ ǀŝĞƌĂŵ ƚŽŵĂĚŽ͘ WŽƌ ƚĂů ĨŽƌŵĂ Ž ůĂĚƌĆŽ ŶƵŶĐĂ ƚŝŶŚĂ
ŵĠĚŝĐŽƐ ĞŶĨĞƌŵĞŝƌĂƐ ŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƌͲůŚĞ ƐĂŝƐ Ğ ŶĂĚĂ͘ KƌĂ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ ƉŽĚŝĂ ĞƐƐĞ ĐŽŝƚĂĚŝŶŚŽ ĚĂƌ
ŝŶũĞĕƁĞƐ͘ ƵŵĂ ŐĂŝƚĂ͊ ŶƚŝŐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƚĂůǀĞǌ ĂƚĠ ƋƵĞ
DĂƐ ĚŽŶĂ ƌŐŝŶƵƐĂ ƚŝŶŚĂ ĐŽŵŽ ƉƵĚĞƐƐĞ͕ ŵĂƐ ĂŐŽƌĂ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ŶĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ Ƶŵ
ƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽƌşŐŝĚŽŶĆŽƉĞƌĚŽĂƌŶƵŶĐĂŽƐůĂĚƌƁĞƐ ĞůĞŐĂĚŽ ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ ƵŵĂ ĨĞƌĂ͘ WƌŽŵĞƚŝĂ ŵĂƚĂƌ
ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ŵƵŝƚĂ ǀĞǌ Ƶŵ ƐŝŵƉůĞƐ ĐĂƐƚŝŐŽ ƉŽĚŝĂ ƐƵŵĂƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌůĂĚƌĆŽƋƵĞƉŽƌĂĐĂƐŽ
ĐŽƌƌŝŐŝƌƵŵƚƌĂŶƐǀŝĂĚŽŽƵƐĂůǀĂƌƵŵĂĂůŵĂĚŽ ƚĞŶƚĂƐƐĞďŽƚĂƌĂĐĂďĞĕĂĚĞĨŽƌĂ͘DĂƐƐĞƌĄƋƵĞ
ŝŶĨĞƌŶŽ͘ WŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ĐŚĂŵŽƵ Ă ƉŽůşĐŝĂ Ğ ƵŵĞůĞŐĂĚŽĚĂƋƵĞůĂĨĂŵĂ͕ƵŵŵŝůŝƚĂƌĚĞƚĆŽ
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶŽƵƋƵĞƐĞŝŶƐƚĂƵƌĂƐƐĞŽŵĂŝƐƌŝŐŽƌŽƐŽ ĂůƚĂƉĂƚĞŶƚĞ͕ĐŚĞŝŽĚĞŐĂůƁĞƐĞďŽƌĚĂĚŽƐ͕ƐĞƌĄ
ĞƉĞƌĨĞŝƚŽĚŽƐŝŶƋƵĠƌŝƚŽƐĞĚĞƉŽŝƐĚĞƉƌŽǀĂĚĂ ƋƵĞ ƵŵĂ ƚĆŽ ƉŽĚĞƌŽƐĂ ĂƵƚŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ ŝĂ ůĄ ƐĞ
ĚĞŵĂŶĞŝƌĂŝƌƌĞĨƵƚĄǀĞůĂĐƵůƉĂ͕ĂƉůŝĐĂƐƐĞŵĂŽ ƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂƌĐŽŵůĂĚƌĆŽǌŝŶŚŽĚŽƚŝƉŽĚŽůĂĚƌĆŽ
ĨĂůƚŽƐŽŽĐĂƐƚŝŐŽĐĂƉĂǌĚĞƌĞĚŝŵŝƌĚĞƵŵĂǀĞǌ ŽĨŝĐŝĂů͍ WĂƌĂ ŵƵŝƚĂ ŐĞŶƚĞ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĞůĞŐĂĚŽ
ƉŽƌƚŽĚĂƐĚĂƋƵĞůĂǀŝĚĂĚĞĐƌŝŵĞĞĚĞƉĞĐĂĚŽ͕ ĚŝǌŝĂůĂĚƌƁĞƐĞƐƚĂǀĂƌĞĨĞƌŝŶĚŽͲƐĞ—ŝƐƐŽƐŝŵ—
ĂŵĠŵ͘ &Žŝ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ŽĨŝĐŝĂůŝǌŽƵ ĂŽ ĐŽƌŽŶĞů ĚĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ž
ĚĞĨŝŶŝƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĞƵ ĐĂƌŐŽ ĚĞ ůĂĚƌĆŽ͘ K ŵĂŝƐ 'ŽǀĞƌŶŽĞĚĞƋƵĞŵ;ĚĞƐĚĞƋƵĞƉĂƐƐŽƵƉĂƌĂĂ
ƌŝĐŽ ĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂŶƚĞ ĚĞĐůĂƌŽƵ ƐŽď ŽƐ ĞǀĂŶŐĞůŚŽƐ ŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽͿ ƐĞ ĚŝǌŝĂ ƋƵĞ ĞŶƌŝƋƵĞĐĞƌĂ Ğ
ƋƵĞĐĞƌƚĂĨĞŝƚĂƵŵĐĂŝǆĞŝƌŽƐĞƵĨĞǌŽĂĐƵƐĂĚŽ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂǀĂ ĞŶƌŝƋƵĞĐĞŶĚŽ ă ĐƵƐƚĂ ĚŽƐ ƉĞƐŽƐ
ĚĞƐĞŶƌŽůĂƌĂďĂƌƌĂĚĞĐĂůĕĂ͕ŶĂůŽũĂĞĚĞĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĂůƚĞƌĂĚŽƐ͕ Ğ ĚĂƐ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƐ ĂĚƵůƚĞƌĂĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ
ĐĂşƌĂŵ ƚƌġƐ ƉĞĚƌŝŶŚĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĂů ƉƌŽǀĂǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞ ƵƐĂǀĂ ŶŽ ƐĞƵ ĐŽŵĠƌĐŝŽ͕ Ğŵ ĐƵũŽƐ ůŝǀƌŽƐ
ĨƵƌƚĂĚĂƐŶŽĂƌŵĂǌĠŵŽŶĚĞƉŽƐƐƵşĂƚŽŶĞůĂĚĂƐ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂǀĂĂƐĐŽŶƚĂƐĚŽƐĚĞǀĞĚŽƌĞƐĞĚĞŝǆĂǀĂ
ĞƚŽŶĞůĂĚĂƐĚĞƐĂů͖ŽŵĂŝŽƌĨĂǌĞŶĚĞŝƌŽĐŽŵĂ ƐĞŵƉĂŐĂƌŽƐƐĂůĄƌŝŽƐĚŽƐƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽƌĞƐ͘ƐƐĞ
ĚŝŐŶŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƐƵĂƐĚĞǌŵŝůĐĂďĞĕĂƐĚĞŐĂĚŽĚĞ ƋƵĞĞƌĂůĂĚƌĆŽƉĂƌĂĂƌĞĚĞĚĞƵŵĞůĞŐĂĚŽƚĆŽ
ƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ƉƌŽǀŽƵ ĐŽŵ ĚĞƚĂůŚĞƐ ĐĂƌŽĞĨĂŵĂŶĆ͘
ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĂŶƚĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĐĞƌƚĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ ĚĞ ůƵĂƌ ŽƐ WŽŝƐĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƋƵĞŶĂŵĂŶŚĆĚŽĚŝĂϮϱ
ĐĂŵĂƌĂĚĂƐǀŝƌĂŵŽĂĐƵƐĂĚŽƌŽƵďĂƌƵŵŽǀŽĚĞ ĚĞĚĞǌĞŵďƌŽ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽĂůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂĂďƌŝƵĂƉŽƌƚĂ
ŐĂůŝŶŚĂŶĂĨĂǌĞŶĚĂ͘ ĚŽƋƵŝŶƚĂůĚŽƐĞƵƌĂŶĐŚŽƋƵĞŶĆŽĞƌĂĐĞƌĐĂĚŽ
ĚĞŵƵƌŽƐ͕ǀŝƵƋƵĞŽƐŽůŶĂƐĐĞŶƚĞďŽƚĂǀĂĨĂşƐĐĂƐ

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ŶƵŵŽďũĞƚŽƋƵĞƌĞďƌŝůŚĂǀĂĞĚĞŝƚĂǀĂĐŚŝƐƉĂƐŶĂ ĞŶƚƌĞƚŝĚĂĞƐƉŝĂŶĚŽͲŽĚĞĐŝĨƌĂƌƐĞƵƐŵŝƐƚĠƌŝŽƐ͘
ƐŽůĞŝƌĂĚĂƉŽƌƚĂ͗ƋƵĞƐĞĂďĂŝǆĂ͕ƉĞŐĂ͕ŽůŚĂ — ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĞ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂ͕ ƉĞŶƐĂ Ğŵ
ƵŵĂ ŐĂŝƚĂ͕ ŶĆŽ ŵƵŝƚŽ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ŶĞŵ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĐŽŶƚĂƌ ă ĂŵŝŐĂ ĐŽŵŽ ĂĐŚŽƵ ĂƋƵŝůŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ĂůŐŽ
ƉĞƋƵĞŶĂ͘ŵƵůŚĞƌƐĞŶƚŝƵŽƐĐĂďĞůŽƐĚĂŶƵĐĂ ŝŵƉĞĚĞ͗ƐĞƌŝĂŽůĂĚƌĆŽ͍dĂůǀĞǌŽůĂĚƌĆŽƚŝǀĞƐƐĞ
ĂƌƌĞƉŝĂƌ͗ Ğ ĚŝǌĞƌ ƋƵĞ ƉĂƉĂŝ EŽĞů ŶĆŽ ĞǆŝƐƚĞ͊ ƚŝƌĂĚŽ Ă ŐĂŝƚĂ ĚĞ ĂůŐƵŵĂ ũĂŶĞůĂ Ăůŝ ƉŽƌ ƉĞƌƚŽ͕
WŽƌĠŵ͕ĞĂƉƌŽŵĞƐƐĂĚŽůĂĚƌĆŽ͍ ƉŽĚŝĂ ƐĞƌ ĂƚĠ ĚĂ ũĂŶĞůĂ ĚĂ ǀŝǌŝŶŚĂ͕ ŽƵ ĚĞ
ŐĂŝƚĂĞƌĂŶŽǀŝŶŚĂĞŵĨŽůŚĂ͕ĐŚĞŝƌĂŶĚŽ ĂůŐƵŵĂ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĚĂ ǀŝǌŝŶŚĂ͘ ǀŝǌŝŶŚĂ ĂŐŽƌĂ
Ă ůŽũĂ͕ ŽƐ ŵĞƚĂŝƐ ďƌĂŶĐŽƐ ĚĂ ŐƵĂƌŶŝĕĆŽ ƐƵƐƐƵƌƌĂǀĂĂŽŽƵǀŝĚŽĚĂůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂƋƵĞŚĂǀŝĂŵ
ƌĞďƌŝůŚĂŶĚŽ͘ĞƌƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐĂşƌĂĚŽĐĠƵŽƵĨŽƌĂ ŵĂƚĂĚŽ Ž ůĂĚƌĆŽ ŶĂƋƵĞůĂ ŶŽŝƚĞ͘ hŵ ƚŝƌŽ ŶŽ
ƚƌĂǌŝĚĂ ƉŽƌ Ƶŵ ĚĂƋƵĞůĞƐ ĂŶũŽƐ ĚĞ ĂƐĂƐ ƉĞƐĐŽĕŽ͘ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂĨŝĐŽƵĞƐƉĂŶƚĂĚĂĞƉĞĚŝƵĂ
ĐĞƌƚŝĨŝĐŽƵͲƐĞĚĞƋƵĞŵƵŝƚĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐŐĂŝƚĂƐŝŐƵĂŝƐ ǀŝǌŝŶŚĂƋƵĞĨĂůĂƐƐĞďĂŝǆŽ͕ŽŵĞŶŝŶŽƉŽĚŝĂĞƐƚĂƌ
ŚĂǀŝĂ ŶĂƐ ůŽũĂƐ ĚĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ƋƵĞ ĞůĂ ǀŝƐŝƚĂƌĂ ŽƵǀŝŶĚŽ͘ǀĂŐĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞƋƵĞĨŽƌĂŽůĂĚƌĆŽƋƵĞ
ũƵƐƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĞŵďƵƐĐĂ ĚĞ ƵŵƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞďĂƌĂƚŽ ĚĞŝǆĂƌĂ Ăůŝ Ă ŐĂŝƚĂ ǀŽůƚŽƵ Ă ďƌŝůŚĂƌ ĐŽŵ ŵĂŝƐ
ƉĂƌĂŽĨŝůŚŽ͕WŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ĂŚŝƉſƚĞƐĞĚĞƚƌĂƚĂƌͲƐĞĚĞ ƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂ͗ŽƐĂŶŐƵĞ͕ĂŵŽƌƚĞĚŽůĂĚƌĆŽ͕ƚŝƌŽƐ
Ƶŵ ŽďũĞƚŽ ǀŝŶĚŽ ĚŽ ĐĠƵ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ƐĞƌ ŶŽƉĞƐĐŽĕŽ͘ŝƐƐŽůŚĞƚƌŽƵǆĞŵĞĚŽ͕ƵŵƚĞŵŽƌ
ĂĨĂƐƚĂĚĂ͖ƋƵĂŶĚŽŵƵŝƚŽ͕ƉŽĚŝĂƐĞƌƵŵŽďũĞƚŽ ĂƐƐŝŵ ĚŝĨƵƐŽ͕ ƐĞŶƐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŝŶƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂ ƋƵĂƐĞ
ƚĞƌƌĞŶŽŵĞƐŵŽƉŽƐƚŽĂůŝƉŽƌƵŵĞŶƚĞĐĞůĞƐƚŝĂů͕ ƚŽƌƚƵƌĂ͘ ^ĞƌĄ ƋƵĞ Ă ǀŝǌŝŶŚĂ ŶĆŽ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ
ƵŵĂŶũŽ͕ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͘şĂůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂŽďƐĞƌǀŽƵ ĞƐƉŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ͍ EĆŽ ĞƐƚĂƌŝĂ Ăůŝ ũŽŐĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ
ƋƵĞ Ă ŐĂŝƚŝŶŚĂ ŵŽƐƚƌĂǀĂ ŶŽ ŵĞƚĂů ďƌĂŶĐŽ͕ ŶŽ ǀĞƌĚĞ͍ :Ą ŶĆŽ Ă ĞƐƚĂƌŝĂŵ ĂƉŽŶƚĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŵŽ
ůĂĚŽƋƵĞƚŝŶŚĂĞƐƚĂĚŽĞŵĐŽŶƚĂƚŽĐŽŵĂƐŽůĞŝƌĂ ĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĞŝƌĂĚŽůĂĚƌĆŽŶĂƋƵĞůĞĨƵƌƚŽĚĂŐĂŝƚĂ
ĚĂ ƉŽƌƚĂ͕ ƵŵĂƐ ŵĂŶĐŚĂƐ ǀĞƌŵĞůŚĂƐ ŵĞŝŽ ŽƵĚĞƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌŽƵƚƌŽŽƵĚĞƚŽĚŽƐŽƐĨƵƌƚŽƐĚĂ
ƉĞŐĂŶŚĞŶƚĂƐ͕ ĞĐŽ͊ /ŵŝƚĂŶĚŽ ƐĂŶŐƵĞ͕ ƋƵĞ Ă ĐŝĚĂĚĞ͍dƵĚŽĐŽŶĨƵƐŽ͕ĞŵďƌƵůŚĂĚŽ͕ĂŶĆŽƐĞƌ
ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂƚĞǀĞǀŽŶƚĂĚĞĚĞũŽŐĂƌŽŽďũĞƚŽĨŽƌĂ͕ Ž ĂŐƵĚŽƐĞŶƚŝĚŽĚĞƉĞƌŝŐŽĞĚĞƚĞŵŽƌ͘DĂƐŶĆŽ
ŵĂƐƐĞůĞŵďƌŽƵĚŽĨŝůŚŽĞĨŽŝůĂǀĄͲůŽŶĂďŽƌĚĂ ĐŽǀŝŶŚĂĞǆĂƐƉĞƌĂƌͲƐĞ͗ƉŽƌƋƵĞŶĆŽĂĚŵŝƚŝƌƋƵĞ
ĚĂ ĐŝƐƚĞƌŶĂ͕ ĐĂƵƚĞůŽƐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĞǀŝƚĂƌ ƋƵĞ ƉĂƉĂŝEŽĞůĞǆŝƐƚŝĂĞƋƵĞĂŶũŽƐŶĂŶŽŝƚĞĚĞŶĂƚĂů
ƐĞŵŽůŚĂƐƐĞŽǀĞƌŶŝǌŶŽǀŽ͘ş͕ǀŽůƚŽƵĂƉĞŶƐĂƌ ƐĆŽ ƉŽƌƚĂĚŽƌĞƐ ĚĞ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ ĨĂďƌŝĐĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ
ŶŽůĂĚƌĆŽ͘ůĞƚŝŶŚĂƉƌŽŵĞƚŝĚŽĚĂƌƵŵĂŐĂŝƚĂ͘͘͘ ƐĠƌŝĞƉĞůĂŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂŚƵŵĂŶĂ͊ŽůĂĚŽĂŐĂŝƚŝŶŚĂ
ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂĐĂƵƚĞůŽƐĂŵĞŶƚĞƌĞƚŽƌŶŽƵĂŽůŽĐĂů ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂǀĂƐŽĂŶĚŽ͕ƚĂƚĞĂŶĚŽŽŵĞŶŝŶŽĂŶŽƚĂ
ŽŶĚĞ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌĂ Ă ŐĂŝƚĂ Ğ ŶĆŽ ǀŝƵ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ĞǆĂƚĂ͕ Ž ƐŽƉƌŽ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ĂƋƵŝůŽ ĚŽşĂ ŶŽƐ
ƐŝŶĂů ĚĞ ƐĂŶŐƵĞ͕ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƌ ĞƐƚĂƐ ĂůƚƵƌĂƐ ǀŝŶŚĂ ŽƵǀŝĚŽƐĚĂůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ƉĂƌĞĐŝĂͲůŚĞƋƵĞŽŵĞŶŝŶŽ
ĐŚĞŐĂŶĚŽŽĨŝůŚŽƌĞĐĠŵͲĞƌŐƵŝĚŽĚĂĐĂŵĂĞƐĞŵ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ĐŽŶĐůĂŵĂŶĚŽ Ă ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ĂŽ ŵĞŶŽƐ ƉĞĚŝƌ ďġŶĕĆŽ ă ŵĆĞ͕ ƚŽŵŽƵ Ă ƚĞƐƚĞŵƵŶŚĂƌ Ž ĨƵƌƚŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ĞůĂ ĞƌĂ Ă
ŐĂŝƚŝŶŚĂ͕ƐĞŶƚŽƵͲƐĞƉŽƌĂůŝ͕ƉĞŐŽƵĂĚĞĐŝĨƌĂƌŽƐ ĐŽŵƉĂƌƐĂ͘ Ğ ƌĞƉĞŶƚĞ͕ ƐŽďƌĞƐƐĂůƚŽƵͲƐĞ Ğ
ƐĞŐƌĞĚŽƐ ĚŽ ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ĞŶƐĂŝĂŶĚŽ ƐŽŶƐ͕ ĞǆŝŐŝƵ ĚŽ ŵĞŶŝŶŽ ƋƵĞ ƉĂƌĂƐƐĞ ĐŽŵ ĂƋƵŝůŽ͕
ĂĐŽŵŽĚĂŶĚŽ Ž ƐŽƉƌŽ͕ ƚĂůǀĞǌ ƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽ ŶŽ ƉĂƌĂƐƐĞ Ž ƚŽƋƵĞ ĚĂ ŐĂŝƚŝŶŚĂ͕ ĞůĂ ĚĞƚĞƐƚĂǀĂ
ǀĞůŚŽ ůĂĚƌĆŽ͕ ƚĂůǀĞǌ ƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽ ŶĂ ŵĆĞ͕ Ğŵ ŐĂŝƚĂƐ͕ĐŽŝƐĂŚŽƌƌşǀĞů͘ǀŝǌŝŶŚĂƋƵŝƐŝŶƚĞƌĐĞĚĞƌ
ƉĂƉĂŝEŽĞů͕ĞŵĂŶũŽƐ͕ĞŵƐĞƚŽƌŶĂƌƵŵŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƉĞůŽ ŵĞŶŝŶŽ͕ ƋƵĞ Ž ĚĞŝǆĂƐƐĞ͕ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ƚĆŽ
ŵƷƐŝĐŽ͕ĞŵĞǆĞĐƵƚĂƌƵŵĂĐĂŶĕĆŽƋƵĞĂĐŚĂǀĂĂ ĞŶŐƌĂĕĂĚŝŶŚŽ͘ŵĆĞƉŽƌĠŵĞƐƚĂǀĂĂŐƌĞƐƐŝǀĂ͕
ŵĂŝƐďĞůĂĚĞƚŽĚĂƐ͕ŵĂƐŶĆŽĞƌĂƚĆŽĨĄĐŝůĐŽŵŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĂŐƌĞƐƐŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă
ĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĂǀĂ ĚŽŵĂƌ Ğ ĚŽŵŝŶĂƌ Ž ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽ ǀŝǌŝŶŚĂƋƵĞĞƐƚƌĂŶŚŽƵ͕ŵĂƐĚĞŝǆŽƵƉƌĂůĄ͘
ƋƵĞƌĞƐŝƐƚŝĂĞŽĨĞƌĞĐŝĂĚŝĨŝĐƵůĚĂĚĞƐ͘ Ğ ŶŽǀŽ ĞŶƚƌŽƵ ŶĂ ĐŽǌŝŶŚĂ ŽƵƚƌĂ
ŶĞƐƐĞƉƌŽŶƚŽƋƵĞĞŶƚƌĂĂǀŝǌŝŶŚĂĚŽƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ͘ ŐŽƌĂ͕ Ƶŵ ŚŽŵĞŵ ŵŽƌĂĚŽƌ ƚĂŵďĠŵ
ĨƵŶĚŽƐ͘sġŽŵĞŶŝŶŽĐŽŵĂŐĂŝƚĂĞĨŝĐĂŵƵŝƚŽ ƉĞƌƚŽ͘ ŝǌŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĂďŝĂ ƋƵĞ Ă ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ĞƌĂ

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ĂŵŝŐĂĚŽůĂĚƌĆŽ͕ĞůĞĐŽƐƚƵŵĂǀĂĐŽŵĞƌĂƋƵŝ͕Ă KŚŽŵĞĐŽŶǀŝĚĂǀĂĂƚŽĚŽƐƉĂƌĂŝƌĞŵĂŽ
ƐĞŶŚŽƌĂ ůĂǀĂǀĂ ĂƐ ƌŽƵƉĂƐ ĚĞůĞ͕ Ğ ƋƵĞ ǀŝŶŚĂ ĞŶƚĞƌƌŽ͕ ŵĂƐ Ă ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ƌĞĐƵƐĂǀĂͲƐĞ͘ K ƋƵĞ
ĐŚĂŵĄͲůĂƉĂƌĂŽĞŶƚĞƌƌŽ͘EĂǀĞƌĚĂĚĞĨŽƌĂƵŵ ĐŽŶǀŝĚĂǀĂ ĂĐŚŽƵ ĂƋƵŝůŽ ĞƐƋƵŝƐŝƚŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ă
ƚŝƌŽ͘KĞůĞŐĂĚŽƚĞƌŝĂĚŝƚŽƋƵĞƐĞƵƐƐŽůĚĂĚŽƐ ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ĞƌĂ ĂŵŝŐĂ ĚŽ ůĂĚƌĆŽ͕ ĂůŝĄƐ͕ Ž ůĂĚƌĆŽ
ǀŝƌĂŵ Ƶŵ ǀƵůƚŽ ŶŽ ƋƵŝŶƚĂů Ğ ĚŝƐƉĂƌĂƌĂŵ ĚŽŝƐ ŶĆŽ ƚŝŶŚĂ ŝŶŝŵŝǌĂĚĞƐ ŶĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ DĂƐ Ă
ƚŝƌŽƐ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ͕ ƉŽĚŝĂ ƐĞƌ ĚƵĂƐ ŚŽƌĂƐ ĚĂ ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂŶĆŽŝƌŝĂ͘ĨŝƌŵĂǀĂĚĞƉĞĚƌĂĞĐĂůƋƵĞ
ŵĂĚƌƵŐĂĚĂ͘ ƌƌĞŵĂƚŽƵ ůĂƐƚŝŵĂŶĚŽ͗ — ŶĆŽ ĞƌĂ ĂŵŝŐĂ ĚĞůĞ͕ ŶƵŶĐĂ ĨŽƌĂ͕ ŶƵŶĐĂ ĚŽƐ
ĐŽŝƚĂĚŽ͕ ǀĂŵŽƐ ǀĞƌ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ĨƵƌƚĂŶĚŽ ŶƵŶĐĂƐ͘WĂƌĂĞůĂůĂĚƌĆŽĞƌĂŵƵŝƚŽƉĞƌŝŐŽƐŽ͕ĞƌĂ
ĂůŐƵŵĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ǀĂůŝĂ ŶĂĚĂ͕ ƋƵĞ Ž ĐŽŝƐĂ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĨĞŝĂ͕ ĞůĂ ƚŝŶŚĂ ĨŝůŚŽ͕ ŶĆŽ͗ Ž
ĐŽŝƚĂĚŝŶŚŽƐĞŵƉƌĞĨŽŝůĂĚƌĆŽŵƵŝƚŽŚƵŵŝůĚĞ͘K ĞůĞŐĂĚŽ ĨĞǌ ŵƵŝƚŽ ďĞŵ Ğŵ ŵĂƚĂƌ Ž ůĂĚƌĆŽ͘
ƋƵĞĨƵƌƚŽƵĚĞŵĂŝƐǀĂůŽƌ͕ĂĐĂďŽƵĚĞǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ͗ YƵĞ ŵĂƚĂƐƐĞ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ůĂĚƌƁĞƐ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͕
ĞƌĂĂũŽŝĂĚĞĚŽŶĂƌŐŝŶƵƐĂ͘ ŵĂƚĂƐƐĞ ƚŽĚŽƐ͕ŵĂƐ ƚŽĚŽƐ ƐĞŵ ĚĞŝǆĂƌƵŵ Ɛſ͕
— DĂƐ ĞƌĂ Ƶŵ ůĂĚƌĆŽ — ƌŽƐŶŽƵ ĐŽŵ ŶĂƐŵĂĚƌƵŐĂĚĂƐĚŽƐĚŝĂƐĚĞEĂƚĂů͘
ĨĞƌŽĐŝĚĂĚĞ Ă ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ͘ — ůĂĚƌĆŽ͕ Ɛſ EŝƐƐŽŽŚŽŵĞĨĞǌƵŵƐŝŶĂůƉĂƌĂƋƵĞƐĞ
ŵĂƚĂŶĚŽ͘ ĐĂůĂƐƐĞŵ Ğ ĞƐĐƵƚĂƐƐĞŵ͗ ůĄ ĨŽƌĂ͕ ŶĂ ƌƵĂ
— ƌĞĚŽ͕ ĐŽŵĂĚƌĞ͕ ŵĂƐ ŵĂƚĂƌ Ƶŵ ƌĞƚƵŵďĂǀĂŵƉĂƐƐŽƐĐŽŵŽƐĞĨŽƐƐĞŵƐŽůĚĂĚŽƐ
ƉŽďƌĞŵŽĚĞƵŵĂŐĂůŝŶŚĂ͕ŵŽĚĞƵŵƚƌĞŶǌŝŶŚŽ ĐŽƌƌĞŶĚŽƐĂĐŽůĞũĂŶĚŽĂůŐƵŵĂĐŽŝƐĂ͕ƚĂůǀĞǌƐĞƵƐ
ƐĞŵ ǀĂůŽƌ͊ — ^ŝŶĐĞƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƋƵĞ Ă ĐŽŵĂĚƌĞ ƉŽƐƐĂŶƚĞƐĨƵǌŝƐŶĞŐƌŽƐ͕ŽƐƐĂďƌĞƐĂĨŝĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽ
ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŶĚŽ Ă ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ ŶĂƋƵĞůĂ ŶĂǀĂůŚĂƐ͕ Ă ƉĂůŵĂƚſƌŝĂ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƉĂŶĐĂǀĂŵ
ŵĂŶŚĆ͕ ƚĆŽ ŶĞƌǀŽƐĂ͕ ƋƵĞƌĞŶĚŽ ďƌŝŐĂƌ͕ ƐĞŵ ŽƐ ůĂĚƌƁĞƐ ĂƚĠ ƋƵĞ ƐƵĂƐ ŵĆŽƐ ǀŝƌĂƐƐĞŵ ďŽůŽ
ĐĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ ĐŽŵ Ž ƉŽďƌĞ ĚŽ ůĂĚƌĆŽ ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ ƚĆŽ ƐĂŶŐƌĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĨĠƚŝĚŽ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ĐŽŶƚĂǀĂ Ž
ƐĞƵ ĂŵŝŐŽ͊ ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ŶĞƐƚĞ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ůĂĚƌĆŽŽĨŝĐŝĂůĂƐƐĂƐƐŝŶĂĚŽ͘>ĄǀŝŶŚĂŵĞůĞƐƉĂƌĂ
ĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĚŽŚŽŵĞ͕ĂůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂũĄŶĆŽƚŝŶŚĂ ƉƌĞŶĚĞƌ Ă ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂ Ğ ƐĞƵ ĨŝůŚŽ͕ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƌ
ĚƷǀŝĚĂ͘WĂƉĂŝEŽĞůŶĆŽĞǆŝƐƚŝĂŽƵƐĞĞǆŝƐƚŝĂŶĆŽ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ůĂǀŽƵ Ž ƐĂŶŐƵĞ ĚĂ ŐĂŝƚĂ͕ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƌ
ĨŽŝĞůĞŽƉŽƌƚĂĚŽƌĚĂƋƵĞůĂŐĂŝƚĂ͘ŐĂŝƚĂĨŽƌĂ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞŐŽƵ ĂŐĂŝƚĂ ĂŽ ĞůĞŐĂĚŽ ŽƵ
ƉŽƐƚĂ Ăůŝ ƉĞůŽ ůĂĚƌĆŽ͕ ƚĂů ĐŽŵŽ ƉƌŽŵĞƚĞƌĂ͘ ŶĆŽůŚĞĨŽŝĐŽŶƚĂƌƋƵĞŚĂǀŝĂƐĂŶŐƵĞŶĂŐĂŝƚĂ͕
ĐŽŵĞĕĂǀĂĂĚĞƐĐŽŶĨŝĂƌĚĂƋƵĞůĞƐǀŝǌŝŶŚŽƐ͕ĞůĞƐ ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƌ͕ĚƵǀŝĚĂƌ͕ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƌ͕ĂŵĞĂĕĂƌ͕ďĂƚĞƌ͕
ŶĆŽ ĞƐƚĂǀĂŵ Ăůŝ ƐĞŶĆŽ ƉĂƌĂ ďŝƐďŝůŚŽƚĂƌ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ďĂƚĞƌ͘
ĐŽŶƐƚĂƚĂƌ Ž ĂĐŚĂĚŽ ĚĂ ŐĂŝƚĂ ƐƵũĂ ĚĞ ƐĂŶŐƵĞ͕ — K ĞŶƚĞƌƌŽ — ŵƵƌŵƵƌŽƵ Ž ǀŝǌŝŶŚŽ͘
ŝƐƐŽůŚĞĚĂǀĂŵĞĚŽ͕ƚĂŶƚŽŵĞĚŽ͕ƐƵĨŽĐĂǀĂͲƐĞ͕ sŽĐġƐŶĆŽǀĆŽ͍—ĂƐƐŝŵĚŝǌĞŶĚŽĞůĞĞĂǀŝǌŝŶŚĂ
ƵŵƐƵŽƌĨƌŝŽĞƐĐŽƌƌŝĂƉĞůĂĞƐƉŝŶŚĂ͕ƚŝŶŚĂĂǀŝĚĂ ĚŽƐĨƵŶĚŽƐĨŽƌĂŵƐĂŝŶĚŽ͘ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂƐĞĚŝƌŝŐŝƵ
ũĄ ƚĆŽ ĚŝĨŝĐƵůƚŽƐĂ͕ ĐŽŵ ƚĂŶƚŽƐ ŝŶŝŵŝŐŽƐ ƉĂƌĂĂĨƌĞŶƚĞĚĂĐĂƐĂ͕ŽĐŽƌĂĕĆŽĂŽƐƉƵůŽƐ͕ŽƐ
ƋƵĞƌĞŶĚŽ ĨĂǌĞƌ ŵĂů ă ŐĞŶƚĞ͕ ĐŽŵ ƚĂŶƚĂ ŵƷƐĐƵůŽƐ ƚƌĞŵĞŶĚŽ ŶĂ ƐƵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ
ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐŝŶŚĂ ŽĐƵůƚĂŶĚŽ ŝŶƚĞŶĕƁĞƐ ŵĂůĚŽƐĂƐ͕ Ğ ĨŽƐƐĞŵƐŽůĚĂĚŽƐƋƵĞĂǀŝĞƐƐĞŵƉƌĞŶĚĞƌ͕ŵĂƐ
ĂŐŽƌĂ ƉŽƌ ĐŝŵĂ ĚĞ ƚƵĚŽ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ĐŽŵƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ŽůŚĂŶĚŽƉĞůĂĨƌŝŶĐŚĂĚĂƉĂƌĞĚĞŵĞŝŽĂƌƌƵŝŶĂĚĂ
ƉŽƌ ĐĂƵƐĂ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ďĞƐƚĞŝƌĂ͕ ƐƵĂ ĨĂŵĂ ĚĞ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵƋƵĞĞƌĂŽĞŶƚĞƌƌŽ͗ƋƵĂƚƌŽŚŽŵĞŶƐ
ůĂĚƌŽŶĂ ĐŽƌƌĞŶĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ ŵĂŝƐ ƉŽďƌĞƐůĞǀĂŶĚŽŽĐĂŝǆĆŽŶĞŐƌŽĚĞ^ĆŽsŝĐĞŶƚĞ͕
ůŚĞ ĚĂŶĚŽ ƌŽƵƉĂ ƉĂƌĂ ůĂǀĂƌ͕ Ž ĨŝůŚŽ ƉĂƐƐĂŶĚŽ ĂƋƵĞƐĞũƵŶƚĂƌĂŵŶĂƋƵĞůĞŵŽŵĞŶƚŽĂǀŝǌŝŶŚĂ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ŵŽƚŝǀŽĚĞĐĂĕŽĂĚĂŶĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͕ŽƐ ĞŽǀŝǌŝŶŚŽ͘ůĂǀĂĚĞŝƌĂĚĞƵŐƌĂĕĂƐĂĞƵƐƉŽƌ
ƐŽůĚĂĚŽƐŵĞƚĞŶĚŽŶĞůĂĂƉĂůŵĂƚſƌŝĂ͕ƚŽŵĂŶĚŽ ƐĞƌ Ž ĞŶƚĞƌƌŽ Ğ ŶĆŽ ŽƐ ƐŽůĚĂĚŽƐ͕ ƐĞŶƚŝƵ ƋƵĞ
ĂŐĂŝƚĂĚŽĨŝůŚŽ͘ƉŽƌƋƵĞŽůĂĚƌĆŽĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵĞůĂ ƚŽĚŽŽƐĞƵĐŽƌƉŽƐĞƌĞůĂǆĂǀĂĚĂƚĞŶƐĆŽŶĞƌǀŽƐĂ
ŶĂƋƵŝůŽ͕ŵĞƵƐĂŶƚŽĞƵƐ͊ Ğ Ɛſ Ăş ŽƵǀŝƵ ƋƵĞ Ž ĨŝůŚŽ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂǀĂ ƚŽĐĂŶĚŽ
ƐƵĂŐĂŝƚŝŶŚĂ͘ĞůĂĂĚŵŝƌŽƵͲƐĞŵƵŝƚŽĚĞƋƵĞĞůĞ

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ũĄ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƐƐĞ ĞŶĐĂƌƌĞĂƌ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐ ƋƵĞĂůŐƵĠŵĚĞǀŝĂĚĞĨĂǌĞƌ͕ŶƵŵƚĞŵƉŽĞŵƋƵĞ

ĐŽŵƉĂƐƐŽƐĚĂEŽŝƚĞ&Ğůŝǌ͕ƚĆŽƉƵƌŽ͕ƚĆŽďŽŶŝƚŽ͕ ĂŝŶĚĂŶŝŶŐƵĠŵĞŶĐĞƌĂǀĂĐĂƐĂ͘
ƋƵĞ ƉŽƌ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƐĞŶƚŝƵ ŶŽǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĂŵƉŽƐ ^ĂůĞƐ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƐŝĚŽ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŽ ĚĂ
ďƌŽƚĂƌ ĚŽ ŵĂŝƐ ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚŽ ĚĞ ƐĞƵ ƐĞƌ ƵŵĂ ĨĂŵşůŝĂĂŵƉŽƐ^ĂůĞƐ— ĐŽŶƚĂǀĂ͘'ĂŶŚŽƵƐƵĂ
ƚĞƌŶƵƌĂ ĞŶŽƌŵĞ͕ ƵŵĂ ƚĞƌŶƵƌĂ ĂǀĂƐƐĂůĂĚŽƌĂ ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ ƐƵĂ ĂůĨŽƌƌŝĂ ĚĞ ŶĞŐƌŽ ĐĂƚŝǀŽ͕
ƉĞůŽůĂĚƌĆŽŽĨŝĐŝĂůƋƵĞŝĂŵĞŶƚĞƌƌĂƌ͘ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ ǀĞƐƚŝŶĚŽ Ă ĨĂƌĚĂ ĚĞ ƐŽůĚĂĚŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ Ğ
Ă ĐŚŽƌĂƌ͘ WŽƌƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĚĞŝǆĂƌĂ ĚŽŵŝŶĂƌ ƉĞůŽ ƉĞůĞũĂŶĚŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ǀĂůĞŶƚŝĂ͕ ŶŽƐ ĞƐƚĞƌŽƐ ĚŽ
ŵĞĚŽ͕ŵĞƵĞƵƐ͊YƵĞŵĂůŚĂǀĞƌŝĂĞŵĞůĂŝƌĂŽ WĂƌĂŐƵĂŝ͘ DŽƐƚƌĂǀĂ ƐƵĂƐ ǀĞůŚĂƐ ĐŝĐĂƚƌŝǌĞƐ͘
ĞŶƚĞƌƌŽĚŽƉŽďƌĞǌŝŶŚŽ͕ũƵƐƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĞůĂ͕ƚĂůǀĞǌ WŽŶƚĂĕŽƐĚĞůĂŶĕĂƐŝŶŝŵŝŐĂƐ͘
Ă ƷŶŝĐĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ƋƵĞ ƐŽƵďĞƐƐĞ ƉůĞŶĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ WĞƌĚĞƵĂůŝƐĞƵĂƉƌƵŵŽǀĞƌƚŝĐĂů͘WĂƐƐŽƵ
ƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ž ŵŽƌƚŽ ĞƌĂ ďŽŵ͕ ƚŝŶŚĂ Ƶŵ ĐŽƌĂĕĆŽ Ă ĂŶĚĂƌ ĚŽďƌĂĚŽ Ğ ĐĂŶƚĂǀĂ ƋƵĞ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ
ƐĞŶƐşǀĞů͕ĚĞĐŽŵŽĞƌĂŝŶŐġŶƵŽĞƐĞŵŵĂůĚĂĚĞ͕ ĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĞŝƌŽƐĨŝĐĂƌĂŵĂůĞŝũĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽĞůĞ͘
ĚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ƚƵĚŽ ƋƵĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝĂ ĐŽŵ ĞůĞ ĞƌĂ Ž ƌĂ ĚĂ ĐŽŵƉĂŶŚŝĂ ĚŽ ůĨĞƌĞƐ dŝďƷƌĐŝŽ
ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ĞŵĂƌĂŶŚĂĚŽ ƋƵĞ ŶŝŶŐƵĠŵ — ďƌĂǀŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ĞŶŐĞŶŚĞŝƌŽƐ — Ğ ĚŽ
ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌŝĂĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌ͘ŝ͕ŵĞƵĞƵƐ͘ comandante... “era engenheiro de cabeça”.
sŝƵŵŽƌƌĞƌŵƵŝƚŽƐŽůĚĂĚŽ͘͘͘ƉĞƌƚĂǀĂŽƐŽůŚŽƐ͕
Bernardo Élis. em “Os cem melhores contos brasileiros do
século”. (diversos autores). [organização e seleção Ítalo
ƌĞĨƌĂŶŐŝĂ Ğ ĞŶƚŽƌƚĂǀĂ Ă ďŽĐĂ͕ ĐĂƌĞƚĞĂŶĚŽ ŶŽ
DŽƌƌŝĐŽŶŝ΁͘ZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ĚŝƚŽƌĂKďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ϮϬϬϬ͘ ŚŽƌƌŽƌĚĂƐůĞŵďƌĂŶĕĂƐ͘
YƵĂŶĚŽĂĐĂďŽƵĂŐƵĞƌƌĂ͕ĞƐƚĂǀĂĨŽƌƌŽ͕
ƐŽǌŝŶŚŽ Ğ ůĂƌŐĂĚŽ ŶŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͘ dƌĂďĂůŚŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ
ƉĂƚƌƁĞƐ͕ ĚĂƋƵŝ͕ ĚĂĐŽůĄ͘ EƵŶĐĂ ĂƌƌĂŶũŽƵ ŶĂĚĂ͘
ŐŽƌĂ͕ĞƌĂĂƋƵĞůĞƐĞƌǀŝĕŽĂƚĠŽĨŝŵ͘
dŝŶŚĂĐŚĞŐĂĚŽĞŵ:ĂďƵƚŝĐĂďĂůĂĨĂŵşůŝĂ
^KϯͲ KEdKϲ– Z/>
ĚĞŽŵŝŶŐŽƐZĞĚĞ͘sŝŶŚĂĚĞĞďĞĚŽƵƌŽƐ͘ůĞ͕
ĂŵƉŽƐ^ĂůĞƐ ƌĞŶŽŵĂĚŽ ƉĞƌŝƚŽ ĐŽŶƚĂĚŽƌ͕ Ğ ĞůĂ͕ ŽŶĂ
ůĂƌŝŶĚĂ͕ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ ĚĞ ŐƌƵƉŽ ĞƐĐŽůĂƌ͕
ŽƌĂŽƌĂůŝŶĂ
transferida para o “Coronel JucaͲVaz”. Vieram
YƵĞŵ ĚĂ ŐĞŶƚĞ ŵĂŝƐ ĂŶƚŝŐĂ ĚĂ ũƵŶƚŽƐĐŽŵĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂ͘ůƵŐĂƌĂŵĐĂƐĂŶŽĨŝŵ
:ĂďƵƚŝĐĂďĂůŝŶĚĂƐĞůĞŵďƌĂĚĞĂŵƉŽƐ^ĂůĞƐ͍͘͘͘ ĚĂ ZƵĂ ^ĆŽ ^ĞďĂƐƚŝĆŽ͕ ǀŝǌŝŶŚŽ ĚĂ ĨĂŵşůŝĂ ĚĞ
ĂŵƉŽƐ ^ĂůĞƐ͕ ĞƵ Ž ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝ͘ EſƐ͕ ŐĞŶƚĞ ĚĂ ĂƐƐŝŵŝƌŽWƌĂƚĞƐ͘
ůŝŶĚĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ WŝŶƚŽ &ĞƌƌĞŝƌĂ͕ dĞƌƌĂ ĚĂƐ ĂŵƉŽƐ ^ĂůĞƐ ĨŽŝ ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ůŝŵƉĞǌĂ͘
:ĂďƵƚŝĐĂďĂƐ͕ ŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĂƐ ZŽƐĂƐ͕ ǀĞůŚŽ >ĂǀŽƵ͕ ĞƐĨƌĞŐŽƵ͕ ǀĂƐĐƵůŚŽƵ͕ ĨĞǌ ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽ ďĞŵ
WĂƚƌŝŵƀŶŝŽ &ŽƌĞŝƌŽ͕ ĂŶƚŝŐĂ &ĄďƌŝĐĂ ĚĞ EŽƐƐĂ ĨĞƚŽ͘ZĞĐĞďĞƵƐƵĂƉĂŐĂ— ϱΨϬϬϬ͘ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͕
^ĞŶŚŽƌĂ ĚŽ ĂƌŵŽ ĚĞ :ĂďƵƚŝĐĂďĂů͕ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ŵƵŝƚŽďŽĂ͕ĚĞƵŵĂŝƐĂĞůĞƵŵĂĐĂůĕĂǀĞůŚĂĚŽ
ŵĞƵƐ ĨŝůŚŽƐ͕ ŶſƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŵŽƐ ƉĞůĂƐ ƌƵĂƐ͘ ŵĂƌŝĚŽ͘ĂŵƉŽƐ^ĂůĞƐƌĞĐĞďĞƵ͕ĂŐƌĂĚĞĐĞƵĐŽŵ
ƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ž ĚŝĂ͕ ůĂǀĂŶĚŽ ĐĂƐĂƐ ĚĞ ĨĂŵşůŝĂƐ͖ ĚĞ o “Deus lhe pague” dos humildes e foŝͲƐĞ
ŶŽŝƚĞ͕ ăƐ ĚĞǌ ŚŽƌĂƐ͕ ůĂǀĂŶĚŽ ďĂƌĞƐ ĚŽ ĞŵďŽƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ ǀŽůƚĂƌ ĚĞ ŶŽǀŽ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĨŽƐƐĞ
ĐŽŵĠƌĐŝŽ͘ ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ͕ĨĂǌĞƌĨƌĞŐƵĞƐŝĂĚĞůĂǀĂĕĆŽ͘
ƐĐƵƌŽ͕ ƉĞƋƵĞŶŽ͕ ǀŝǀŽ Ğ ĂůĞŐƌĞ͕ ŽŶĂ ůĂƌŝŶĚĂ ĂƌƌƵŵŽƵ Ă ĐĂƐĂ͘ ŽƚŽƵ
ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽƌ͕ ĚŽďƌĂĚŽ Ğŵ ĚŽŝƐ͘ ^ĞŵƉƌĞ ŽƐƚƌĞŶƐŶŽƐůƵŐĂƌĞƐ͕ƌŽƵƉĂƐŶŽƐĂƌŵĄƌŝŽƐ͕ŶĂƐ
ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŽĐŽŵƐĞƵƐďĂůĚĞƐĞĞƐĐŽǀĂƐ͘ĂůĕĂ ŐĂǀĞƚĂƐĚĂĐƀŵŽĚĂ͕ĚŽĐĂŵŝƐĞŝƌŽ͘
ĂƌƌĞŐĂĕĂĚĂ͕ĐĂŵŝƐĂĂƌƌĞŵĂŶŐĂĚĂ͘DƵŝƚŽĐĞƌƚŽ ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽĂƌƌƵŵĂǀĂƚĂŵďĠŵƉƌŽĐƵƌĂǀĂ
Ğ ĞǆĂƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽ ŽďƐĐƵƌŽ Ğ ĂƚŝǀŽ ƉŽƌ Ƶŵ ĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽ ƋƵĞ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƚƌĂǌŝĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ

178
ĚĞƐƉĞƐĂƐ ƵƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ͘ EĆŽ ŚŽƵǀĞ ũĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ

ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ͘
EĂ ĂĨŽďĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂ ĞƐƋƵĞĐĞƵ
ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞŽŶĚĞŚĂǀŝĂŐƵĂƌĚĂĚŽ͘sŝƌŽƵĞ
ƌĞǀŝƌŽƵ ĐĂŝǆĂƐ Ğ ĐĂŝǆŝŶŚĂƐ͕ ďŽůƐĂƐ͕ ďŽůƐŽƐ͕
ƐĂĐƵĚŝƵ ƌŽƵƉĂƐ͕ ĚĞƐĚŽďƌŽƵ ƉĞĕĂƐ͘ WĞƌĚĞƵ Ž
ĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽ͕ĐŽŶĐůƵŝƵ͕ĞƉŽƌƉĞƌĚŝĚŽĨŝĐŽƵ͘ĐĞŝƚŽƵ
Ž ƉƌĞũƵşǌŽ͕ƉƌŽĐƵƌŽƵŶĆŽŵĂŝƐƉĞŶƐĂƌŶŽĐĂƐŽ͘
ŝĂĚĞƉŽŝƐďĂƚĞŵăƉŽƌƚĂ͘ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚĂ
ĂƚĞŶĚĞ͘ƌĂŽǀĞůŚŽĂŵƉŽ^ĂůĞƐ͘YƵĞƌŝĂĨĂůĂƌ
EdhE^͘ /ƌĂŶĚĠ͘ >ƵƚĂƌ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͗
ĐŽŵĂƉĂƚƌŽĂ͘
ĐŽĞƐĆŽĞĐŽĞƌġŶĐŝĂ͗^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗WĂƌĄďŽůĂ͕ϮϬϬϱ͘
ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚĂǀŽůƚĂ͗
— ŽŶĂ ůĂƌŝŶĚĂ ŵĂŶĚŽƵ ĨĂůĂƌ ƋƵĞ Ă
ĐĂƐĂ ŝŶĚĂ ĞƐƚĄ ůŝŵƉĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƉŽŝƐ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ
ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƌ͕ĞůĂŵĂŶĚĂƌĞĐĂĚŽ͘
K ǀĞůŚŽ ůĂǀĂĚŽƌ ŝŶƐŝƐƚĞ͘ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ
ǀĞŵĂƚĞŶĚĞƌ͘
— KŝĂ͕ŽŶĂ͕ĚŝǌĞůĞ͕ǀŝŵĂƋƵŝƉƌŽ ǀŝĂĚĂ
ĐĂƌĕĂ ƋƵĞ ǀĂŶĐġ ŵĞ ĚĞƵ͘ ,ŽũĞ ĨƵŝ ǀĞƐƚŝ ĞůĂ͕
ƉĂƐƐĞŝ Ă ŵĆŽ ŶŽ ďŽƌƐŽ Ğ ĂĐŚĞŝ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĞƐƐĞ
ŵĂŶŽũŽĚĞĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽƋƵĞĚĞĐĞƌƚŽǀĂŶĐġ ŽƵƐĞƵ
ŵĂƌŝĚŽŐƵĂƌĚŽƵĞƐĞĞƐƋƵĞĐĞƵ͘͘͘
ƌĂŵŽƐƚƌġƐĐŽŶƚŽƐĚĞƌĠŝƐ͕ƉĞƌĚŝĚŽƐĞ
ƉƌŽĐƵƌĂĚŽƐ͕ ƋƵĞ Ž ǀĞůŚŽ ƐŽůĚĂĚŽ ĚĞ dŝďƷƌĐŝŽ
ǀŝŶŚĂƚƌĂǌĞƌ͕ƌĞƐƚŝƚƵŝƌ͘
YƵĂŶĚŽ ǀĞŝŽ Ă ƌĞƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ
ĞƐƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ Ă WĄƚƌŝĂ ůĞŵďƌŽƵ ĚŽƐ
ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞŶƚĞƐ͕ Ž ǀĞůŚŽ ŐƵĞƌƌĞŝƌŽ ƚŝŶŚĂ ĚĂĚŽ
ƐƵĂ ďĂŝǆĂ ĚĂ ǀŝĚĂ Ğ ĚĞ ŶĂĚĂ ŵĂŝƐ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂǀĂ͘
&ĂǌŝĂ ƚĞŵƉŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞƵ ŵĂŐƌŽ ĐŽƌƉŽ ĚŽďƌĂĚŽ
ĚĞƐĐĂŶƐĂǀĂ ŶƵŵĂ ĐŽǀĂ ŚƵŵŝůĚĞ ŶŽ ĐĞŵŝƚĠƌŝŽ
ĚĂůŝŶĚĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ŽƌĂ ŽƌĂůŝŶĂ͘ Em “Estórias da casa velha da ponte” /

ŽŶƚŽƐ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ /͘ ϭϰ ĞĚ͘ – ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ͗ 'ůŽďĂů͕ ϮϬϭϰ͘
ϭϭϮƉ͘
sĂŵŽƐĂǀĂůŝĂƌĂ ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ
ĚŽƐĐŽŶƚŽƐ ϱĞϲ͍ ĐĞƐƐĞ
ŽYZKŽƵŽůŝŶŬĞ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂŽ
ƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶĄƌŝŽ͘

Ciências
da Natureza
e suas
Tecnologias
180
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z/E/^ ƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂ͕ĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƐŶŽƉƌſƉƌŝŽĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽ͕
ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ ŵĠĚŝŽ ĚĞ ƵƐŽ͕
ĂŶĂůŝƐĂŶĚŽŽŝŵƉĂĐƚŽŶŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽ
ŵĞŶƐĂů͘
/EdZKhKZs/^K ;&Ϭϴ/ϬϱͿ WƌŽƉŽƌ ĂĕƁĞƐ ĐŽůĞƚŝǀĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ

ŽƚŝŵŝǌĂƌ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ
ĞƐĐŽůĂ Ğͬ ŽƵ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĐŽŵ ďĂƐĞ ŶĂ
,/>/
ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ ĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ
;&Ϭϴ/ϬϭͲͬͬͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ğ ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂƌ
ĚĞ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ;ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ğ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ͕ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐ Ğ ŶĆŽ
ĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂͿ Ğ ŚĄďŝƚŽƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ
ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐ͕ ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞů͘
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ ƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞƐ ŽƵ
ĐŝĚĂĚĞƐĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŶĚŽĂ
;&Ϭϴ/ϬϱͲͿZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞĚŝŵŝŶƵŝƌ
ŵĂƚƌŝǌĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂĚŽƐƚĂĚŽĚĞ'ŽŝĄƐ͘
Ž ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ ŶĂƐ
ƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ͕ŝŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕƁĞƐĞƐĐŽůĂƌĞƐ͕ĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ͕
;&Ϭϴ/ϬϮͲͿ/ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĂƚƀŵŝĐĂ͕
ĂǀĂůŝĂŶĚŽŽƐďĞŶĞĨşĐŝŽƐĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͕ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐĞ
ƐƵĂƐƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂƐĞĐĂƌŐĂƐ͕ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽͲĂƐĐŽŵ
ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂŝƐ͘
ĂĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
;&Ϭϴ/ϬϲͿ ŝƐĐƵƚŝƌ Ğ ĂǀĂůŝĂƌ ƵƐŝŶĂƐ ĚĞ

;&Ϭϴ/ϬϮͲͿZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌƵŵĐŝƌĐƵŝƚŽĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽ͕
ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ ;ƚĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͕
ĞǆƉůŝĐĂŶĚŽ Ă ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐĂĚĂ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚĞ Ğ
ŚŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͕ĞſůŝĐĂƐĞƚĐ͘Ϳ͕ƐƵĂƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂŶĚŽ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ ĐŽŶĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ Ğ ŶĆŽ
ĞĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ͕ƐĞƵƐŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐƐŽĐŝŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂŝƐ͕
ĐŽŶĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ͘
ĞĐŽŵŽĞƐƐĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĐŚĞŐĂĞĠƵƐĂĚĂĞŵƐƵĂ
ĐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĐĂƐĂŽƵĞƐĐŽůĂ͘
;&Ϭϴ/ϬϯͿůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂƌĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ
ƌĞƐŝĚĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ ;ĐŚƵǀĞŝƌŽ͕ ĨĞƌƌŽ͕ ůąŵƉĂĚĂƐ͕ ds͕
;&Ϭϴ/ϬϲͲͿ/ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ
ƌĄĚŝŽ͕ŐĞůĂĚĞŝƌĂĞƚĐ͘ͿĚĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵŽƚŝƉŽĚĞ
ĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŶĚŽĂƐĨŽŶƚĞƐůŝŵƉĂƐĞ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ;ĚĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ
ǀŝĄǀĞŝƐƉĂƌĂ'ŽŝĄƐ͘
ƉĂƌĂĂƚĠƌŵŝĐĂ͕ůƵŵŝŶŽƐĂ͕ƐŽŶŽƌĂĞŵĞĐąŶŝĐĂ͕
ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽͿ͘
;&Ϭϴ/ϬϰͲͿ ĂůĐƵůĂƌ Ž ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐŽ
ĚĞ ĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚŽƐ ĚĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ
CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

181
&ŽŶƚĞƐĚĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ dƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĨŽŶƚĞƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͗
ƐĨŽŶƚĞƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐƐĆŽĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚĂƐ
ŶĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ Ğŵ ĞƐƚĂĚŽ ďƌƵƚŽ͕ Ğ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞƌĞŵ
&ŽŶƚĞƐĚĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐĆŽŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ
ĂƉƌŽǀĞŝƚĂĚĂƐĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĚĞǀĞŵƉĂƐƐĂƌ
ƋƵĞĚŝƌĞƚĂŽƵŝŶĚŝƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ƉŽƌ Ƶŵ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ
ƉĂƌĂ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚĂƌ ŵĄƋƵŝŶĂƐ͘ ŽŶƚƵĚŽ͕ ĐŽŵŽ
ĂƌŵĂǌĞŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ͘
ƐĆŽ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚĂƐ ĚŝƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŶĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͕
ĄŐƵĂ͕ Ž ƐŽů͕ Ž ǀĞŶƚŽ͕ Ž ƉĞƚƌſůĞŽ͕ Ž
ĞƐƚĂ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂͲƉƌŝŵĂ ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝƚĂ ƉĂƐƐĂƌ ƉŽƌ ƵŵĂ
ĐĂƌǀĆŽ͕ Ž ƵƌąŶŝŽ ƐĆŽ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůŽ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ŐĞƌĂƌ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘ K
ƐĞƌŚƵŵĂŶŽĞŵĐĞŶƚƌŽƐĚĞƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽƚĂŝƐ
ĐĂƌǀĆŽ͕ Ž ƉĞƚƌſůĞŽ͕ ĂƐ ĄŐƵĂƐ ĚŽƐ ƌŝŽƐ Ğ ĚŽƐ
ƋƵĂŝƐ͗
ŽĐĞĂŶŽƐ͕ŽǀĞŶƚŽĞĐĞƌƚŽƐĂůŝŵĞŶƚŽƐƐĆŽĂůŐƵŶƐ
● hƐŝŶĂƐ ,ŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ͳ Ă ĨŽƌĕĂ ĚĂ ƋƵĞĚĂ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ ĚĞ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂƐ͘ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ĚΖĄŐƵĂ ĨĂǌ ŐŝƌĂƌ ĂƐ ƚƵƌďŝŶĂƐ Ğ ĂƐƐŝŵ
ŐĞƌĂĚĂƐĞƌĄĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚĂĞŵĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐĨŝŶƐĐŽŵŽ
ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚŝĚĂĞŵĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ŽƐ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞƐ͕ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂ͕ ĂŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĂ͕ ƵƐŽ
● ZĞĨŝŶĂƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ WĞƚƌſůĞŽ Ͳ Ž ƉĞƚƌſůĞŽ Ġ
ĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽĞƚĐ͘
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĚŽ Ğŵ ſůĞŽ ĚŝĞƐĞů͕ ŐĂƐŽůŝŶĂ͕
ŶĞƌŐŝĂƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐĞŶĆŽƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐ
ƋƵĞƌŽƐĞŶĞĞƚĐ͘
Ɛ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŽƵ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐŽƐ
● hƐŝŶĂƐ dĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ͳ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĂ ƋƵĞŝŵĂ
ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ ĚŽŝƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ͗
ĚŽĐĂƌǀĆŽŵŝŶĞƌĂůĞĚŽƉĞƚƌſůĞŽ͕ŽďƚĠŵͲƐĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐĞŶĆŽƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐ͘ŶĞƌŐŝĂƐ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐ ƐĆŽ ĂƋƵĞůĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂŵ
ĞƐƉŽŶƚĂŶĞĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŽƵ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌǀĞŶĕĆŽ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĨŽŶƚĞƐͲĚĞͲĞŶĞƌŐŝĂͬ͘
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϬĚĞĨĞǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘;ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ
ŚƵŵĂŶĂ͕ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂƐĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐůŝŵƉĂƐ͕ƉŽŝƐŽƐ
ƌĞƐşĚƵŽƐ ĚĞŝǆĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ ƐĆŽ ŶƵůŽƐ͘
ĂƌŐĂůĠƚƌŝĐĂ
ŶĞƌŐŝĂƐŶĆŽƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐƐĆŽĂƋƵĞůĂƐƋƵĞƵŵĂ
EŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ ĂƚƵĂů Ġ ƋƵĂƐĞ ŝŵƉŽƐƐşǀĞů
ǀĞǌ ĞƐŐŽƚĂĚĂƐ͕ ŶĆŽ ƉŽĚĞŵ ŵĂŝƐ ƐĞƌ
ǀŝǀĞƌ ƐĞŵ ĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ^Ğ ŽůŚĂƌŵŽƐ ă ŶŽƐƐĂ
ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂĚĂƐ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ġ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ ŵƵŝƚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ
ǀŽůƚĂ ǀĞƌĞŵŽƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ
ƉĂƌĂ ƐƵĂ ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ŶĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͘ ƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝƚĂŵ ĚĞ ĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂƌ͘
ƐĞƌĞŵ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚĂƐ ŶĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ Ğŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ
YƵĂŶĚŽ ŶŽƐ ƌĞĨĞƌŝŵŽƐ ĂŽ ĞƐƚƵĚŽ ĚĂ
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞƐ͕ ƚġŵ ƌĞƐĞƌǀĂƐ ĨŝŶŝƚĂƐ͘ ^ĆŽ
ĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĞƐƚĂŵŽƐ͕ ŶĂ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂƐ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐ ƉŽůƵĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ƐƵĂ
ƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ ĂŽƐ ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĂ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĕĆŽĐĂƵƐĂĚĂŶŽƐƉĂƌĂŽŵĞŝŽͲĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͘
ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ ĐĂƌŐĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŶĆŽ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐ͗
WĞŶƐĂŶĚŽ Ğŵ ĨĂƚŽƐ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽƐ͕ ǀĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ
ĐŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞŝƐĨſƐƐĞŝƐĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŶƵĐůĞĂƌ͘
ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ŚŝƉſƚĞƐĞƐ Ğ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ

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ůĞǀĂŶƚĂĚĂƐ Ğ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂƐ Ă Ĩŝŵ ĚĞ ĚĂƌ

ĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĐŽŶĐŝƐĂƐ ĂĐĞƌĐĂ ĚŽƐ
ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ͘,ŽũĞƐĂďĞŵŽƐĐŽŵƉůĞŶĂ
ĐŽŶǀŝĐĕĆŽƋƵĞƚĂŝƐĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐĞƐƚĆŽůŝŐĂĚŽƐă
ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚĂŵĂƚĠƌŝĂ͘
ŽŵŽ ũĄ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŵŽƐ͕ ƐĂďĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ
ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ĐŽƌƉŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵşĚŽƐ ĚĞ ĄƚŽŵŽƐ͕
ƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƐĐŽŵŽĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵşĚŽƐĚĞ
ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐ͘ Ɛ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ
&ŝŐƵƌĂϭ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚŝŶǇƵƌů͘ĐŽŵͬϴƚďƚǇĚĚŵ͘
ƉƌſƚŽŶƐ͕ŶġƵƚƌŽŶƐĞĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ͘ ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϬĚĞĨĞǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
ƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĞ ĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂƐ ĨŽŝ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů

ŵŽƐƚƌĂƌ ƋƵĞ ƉƌſƚŽŶƐ Ğ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ ƚġŵ
ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ ŽƉŽƐƚŽƐ͘ WŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ͕
ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐŝŽŶŽƵͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ ŚĄ ĚƵĂƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ ĚĞ
ĐĂƌŐĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ Ġ ƵŵĂ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĐĂƌŐĂƐ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͗ Ă ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ƚĞŵ
ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĄ ŝŶƚŝŵĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂ Ă ĐĞƌƚĂƐ ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ŝŐƵĂů ĂŽ ĚŽ ƉƌſƚŽŶ͖ Ğ Ă
ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐƋƵĞĨŽƌŵĂŵŽĄƚŽŵŽ ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ĐĂƌŐĂ
;ƉƌſƚŽŶƐ Ğ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐͿ͘ K ŵŽĚĞůŽ ĚŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ ĚŽ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶ͘ KƐ ŶġƵƚƌŽŶƐ ŶĆŽ
ƉůĂŶĞƚĄƌŝŽĠŽŵŽĚĞůŽƐŝŵƉůĞƐŵĂŝƐĂĚŽƚĂĚŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵĂĐŝƚĂĚĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞĨşƐŝĐĂ͕ŝƐƚŽĠ͕
ƉĂƌĂ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌ ĐŽŵŽ ƚĂŝƐ ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂƐ ƐĞ ŽƐŶġƵƚƌŽŶƐŶĆŽƉŽƐƐƵĞŵĐĂƌŐĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘
ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵĞŵ ŶŽ ĄƚŽŵŽ͘ Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž 'ĞƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ĐŽƌƉŽ
ŵŽĚĞůŽ ƉůĂŶĞƚĄƌŝŽ͕ ŽƐ ƉƌſƚŽŶƐ Ğ ŶġƵƚƌŽŶƐ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞƉƌſƚŽŶƐŝŐƵĂů
ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂŵͲƐĞ ŶŽ ŶƷĐůĞŽ͕ ũĄ ŽƐ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ ĂŽ ĚĞ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ ĚŝǌĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ĐŽƌƉŽ ĞƐƚĄ
ĞŵƵŵĂƌĞŐŝĆŽĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂĞůĞƚƌŽƐĨĞƌĂ͘ ĞůĞƚƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞŶĞƵƚƌŽ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ŽĐŽƌƉŽƉŽƐƐƵŝ
ĐĂƌŐĂ ƚŽƚĂů ŝŐƵĂů Ă ǌĞƌŽ͘ WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ Ž
ĐŽƌƉŽĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞƉƌſƚŽŶƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ
ĚŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ͕ĚŝǌĞŵŽƐƋƵĞŽĐŽƌƉŽ
ƐĞ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂ ĞůĞƚƌŝǌĂĚŽ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ Ž ĐŽƌƉŽ
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĐĂƌŐĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞĚĞǌĞƌŽ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŵƵŶĚŽĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĨŝƐŝĐĂͬĐĂƌŐĂͲ
ĞůĞƚƌŝĐĂ͘Śƚŵ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϮĚĞĨĞǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘;ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ
ŝƌĐƵŝƚŽƐĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ

183
ŝƌĐƵŝƚŽ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽ Ġ ƵŵĂ ůŝŐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ

ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ŐĞƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ ƌĞĐĞƉƚŽƌĞƐ͕
ƌĞƐŝƐƚŽƌĞƐ͕ĐĂƉĂĐŝƚŽƌĞƐ͕ŝŶƚĞƌƌƵƉƚŽƌĞƐ͕ĨĞŝƚĂƉŽƌ
ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ĨŝŽƐ ĐŽŶĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ͕ ĨŽƌŵĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ
ĐĂŵŝŶŚŽ ĨĞĐŚĂĚŽ ƋƵĞ ƉƌŽĚƵǌ ƵŵĂ ĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞ
ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘
KƐĐŝƌĐƵŝƚŽƐĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐƐĆŽƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂ
ůŝŐĂƌ ĚŝƐƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽƐ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ Ğ ĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐŽƐ ĚĞ
ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂƐ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĨŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ
ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ͕ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐăƚĞŶƐĆŽĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĚĞ
ŽƉĞƌĂĕĆŽĞăĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐƵƉŽƌƚĂĚĂƉĞůŽ
ĚŝƐƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͘ ůĠŵ ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ ƐĆŽ ƵƐĂĚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽĚĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĞŵƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ
&ŝŐƵƌĂϮ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚŝŶǇƵƌů͘ĐŽŵͬǇϱϲƉĂƐĐŬ͘
ĞŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ͕ĐŽŶĞĐƚĂŶĚŽĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐĚŝƐƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽƐ ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϬĚĞĨĞǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
ĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ĨŝŽƐ ĐŽŶĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ͕
YƵĂŶĚŽ ƐĞ ĂƉůŝĐĂ ƵŵĂ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂ ĚĞ
ĐŽŶĞĐƚŽƌĞƐĞƚŽŵĂĚĂƐ͘
ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂůĞŵƵŵĐŝƌĐƵŝƚŽĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƵƐĂŶĚŽ͕ƉŽƌ
Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ ƐĞƵƐ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚĞƐ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ƵŵĂƉŝůŚĂ͕ŽƐĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐƉĂƐƐĂŵĂĨůƵŝƌ
ďĄƐŝĐŽƐ͕ Ƶŵ ĐŝƌĐƵŝƚŽ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽ ƉŽĚĞ
ŶĞƐƐĞ ĐŝƌĐƵŝƚŽ ĂƚĠƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĂ ƉŝůŚĂĚĞƐĐĂƌƌĞŐƵĞ
ĚĞƐĞŵƉĞŶŚĂƌĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐĨƵŶĕƁĞƐ͗ĞůŝŵŝŶĂƌƉŝĐŽƐ
ƉŽƌ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚŽ͘ WĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĚĞ ĐĂĚĂ Ƶŵ
ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ƋƵĞƐĆŽƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐŝĂŝƐƉĂƌĂ
ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ Ġ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ ĐĂƉƚĂĚĂ Ğ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ
ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ƐĞŶƐşǀĞŝƐ͖ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ Ă
ƉĞůŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚŽ ĐŝƌĐƵŝƚŽ͕
ƚĞŶƐĆŽ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĞŶƚƌĂĚĂ ŽƵ͕ ĂƚĠ ŵĞƐŵŽ͕
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂŶĚŽͲĂ Ğŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ
ĂďĂŝǆĄͲůĂ͖ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƌƵŵĂĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞĂůƚĞƌŶĂĚĂ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ĐŽŵŽůƵǌ͕ƐŽŵ͕ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ĐĂůŽƌĞƚĐ͘
Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŶƚşŶƵĂ͖ ĂƋƵĞĐĞƌ ĂůŐŽ͕
ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌĂƐ͘ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĨŝƐŝĐĂͬĐŝƌĐƵŝƚŽƐͲ
ĞůĞƚƌŝĐŽƐ͘Śƚŵ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϮĚĞĨĞǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘
;ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ
dƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĚĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŶĆŽĠĐƌŝĂĚĂĞŶĞŵĚĞƐƚƌƵşĚĂ͘
ǆŝƐƚĞŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ğ ƋƵĂƐĞ
ƚŽĚĂƐ ƚĞŵ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ŶĂ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƐŽůĂƌ͕ Ă ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ĂƌŵĂǌĞŶĂĚĂ ŶĂƐ ŵŽůĠĐƵůĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĨŽƌŵĂŵ Ž
ƉĞƚƌſůĞŽ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ Ġ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƐŽůĂƌ͕ ŶĂ

184
ĐŽŵďƵƐƚĆŽĚĂŐĂƐŽůŝŶĂĞŽƵƚƌŽƐĚĞƌŝǀĂĚŽƐĚŽ
ƉĞƚƌſůĞŽ͕ĞƐƐĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĠůŝďĞƌĂĚĂĞŵĨŽƌŵĂĚĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƚĠƌŵŝĐĂ͕ ƋƵĞ Ġ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĚĂ Ğŵ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĐŝŶĠƚŝĐĂ ;ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽͿ͕ ŽƵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ d/s/^
ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘ ĄŐƵĂ͕ ŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ƐŽůŽ WZdϭ
ĂďƐŽƌǀĞŵ ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƐŽůĂƌ͕ ƉŽƌ

ŝƐƐŽ Ž ĂƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ ϭ͘ ŶĂůŝƐĞĂƐĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐ
ƚĞƌƌĞƐƚƌĞƐŶĆŽĠŽŵĞƐŵŽ͘ ĂƐĨŽŶƚĞƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
ŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĂƐ ƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵ /– ŶĞƌŐŝĂĞſůŝĐĂĠĂƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůĨŽƌŵĂĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ĚĞƐůŽĐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ŵĂƐƐĂƐ ĚĞ Ăƌ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ ŽƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘
ǀĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞſůŝĐĂ͕ƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵ //– dĂŵďĠŵĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĐŽŵŽĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞſůŝĐĂ͕Ă
ƐĞƌƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝĚĂƐƉĂƌĂĂƐƉĄƐĚĞƵŵĂƚƵƌďŝŶĂĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĂƚƀŵŝĐĂ Ġ ŽďƚŝĚĂ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĂ ĨŝƐƐĆŽ
ƉŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ ƐĞƌ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚŝĚĂ Ğŵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŶƵĐůĞĂƌ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ ƌĂĚŝŽĂƚŝǀŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ž
ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘ ƵƌąŶŝŽ͘
ůŐƵŶƐ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ /// – ŝŽŵĂƐƐĂ Ġ ƚŽĚĂ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂ ŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂ ŶĆŽ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͗ ĨſƐƐŝů͕ĚĞŽƌŝŐĞŵĂŶŝŵĂůŽƵǀĞŐĞƚĂů͕ƋƵĞƉŽĚĞ
● ŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ Ğŵ ƚĠƌŵŝĐĂ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƐĞƌ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ŶĂ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐĂůŽƌ͕ ƐĞũĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ƵƐĂŵŽƐ ĐŚƵǀĞŝƌŽ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽ͕ Ă ĄŐƵĂ Ġ ƵƐŽƚĠƌŵŝĐŽŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͘
ĂƋƵĞĐŝĚĂ͖ YƵĂŝƐĞƐƚĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƚĂƐ͍
● ŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ Ğŵ ůƵŵŝŶŽƐĂ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ/͘
ĂĐĞŶĚĞŵŽƐƵŵĂůąŵƉĂĚĂ͖ ;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ///͘
● ŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂ Ğŵ ŵĞĐąŶŝĐĂ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ;Ϳ ;Ϳ//Ğ///͘
ĐŽƌƌĞŵŽƐŽƵĂŶĚĂŵŽƐ͖ ;Ϳ ;Ϳ/Ğ///͘
● hƐŝŶĂƐ ŚŝĚƌŽĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂŵ Ă

ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂů ĚĂ ĄŐƵĂ Ğŵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ϯ͘ ZĞůĂĐŝŽŶĞ ĂƐ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ ă
ĐŝŶĠƚŝĐĂ ƋƵĞ ĨĂǌ ĂƐ ƚƵƌďŝŶĂƐ ŐŝƌĂƌĞŵ͘ ƐƵĂƐĚĞĨŝŶŝĕƁĞƐĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂƐ͘
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĚĞ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂƐ ƚƵƌďŝŶĂƐ Ġ ;Ϳ ^ŽůĂƌ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌŝĚĂĂŽƐŐĞƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ƋƵĞƉŽƌƐƵĂǀĞǌ ;Ϳ ſůŝĐĂ
ƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘ Ă ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ;Ϳ ŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞŝƐ&ſƐƐĞŝƐ
ĨŽƌŵĂĚĞŐĞƌĂĕĆŽĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘ ;ͺͺͿdƌĂƚĂͲƐĞĚĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂ
ĨŽƌĕĂ ĚŽ ǀĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĐŽŵ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂŝƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚŝŶǇƵƌů͘ĐŽŵͬϯϵĨĐĂŵƐǀ͘ĐĞƐƐŽ ďĂŝǆŽƐ͘
ĞŵϮϮĚĞĨĞǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϭ͘;ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿ

185
;ͺͺͿ^ĆŽĂƋƵĞůĞƐĐƵũĂƋƵĞŝŵĂĠĐĂƉĂǌĚĞŐĞƌĂƌ ĂƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŐůŽďĂů Ğ ĐŝƚĞ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐ ƐŽůƵĕƁĞƐ

ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ ƐĞũĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƚĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ŽƵ ƉĂƌĂŵŝŶŝŵŝǌĂƌĞƐƐĞŝŵƉĂĐƚŽ͘
ƉĂƌĂǀĞşĐƵůŽƐĚĞƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌƉŽƌƚĞ͘
;ͺͺͿƵŵĂĚĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƋƵĞƚġŵƐĞ
ƉŽƉƵůĂƌŝǌĂĚŽ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ƉŽĚĞŶĚŽ ƐĞƌ ĚŽ ƚŝƉŽ
ĨŽƚŽǀŽůƚĂŝĐĂ ŽƵ ƚĠƌŵŝĐĂ͕ ĂŝŶĚĂ ĐŽŵ ĐƵƐƚŽƐ
ĞůĞǀĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂŝŵƉůĂŶƚĂĕĆŽ͘
ϯ͘ ŽŵƉůĞƚĞŽƚĞǆƚŽĐŽŵŽƐƚĞƌŵŽƐƋƵĞĨĂůƚĂŵ
ƉĂƌĂƋƵĞĞƐƚĞƚĞŶŚĂƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚŝŶǇƵƌů͘ĐŽŵͬϮĂŚĐǌϴƚǌ͘ĐĞƐƐŽ
ĞŵϮϮĨĞǀ͘ϮϬϮϭ
WĂƌĂ Ă ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ ƉĞƌĨƵƌĂͲƐĞ Ž ƐƵďƐŽůŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŽŶĚĞ ŚĄ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͕ŽƐƋƵĂŝƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĚĞǀĞŵƐĞƌƌĞƚŝƌĂĚŽƐƉŽƌĚƵƚŽƐĞĐŽŶĚƵǌŝĚŽƐĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
Ƶŵ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺŶĂ ƐƵƉĞƌĨşĐŝĞ ĚĂ ƚĞƌƌĂƉĂƌĂ Ă ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŐĞŽƚĠƌŵŝĐĂĞŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
;Ϳ ;ͿǀĂƉŽƌĞĄŐƵĂƋƵĞŶƚĞ͖ŐĞƌĂĚŽƌ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ǀƵůĐąŶŝĐĂ Ğ ůĂǀĂ͖ ϱ͘ &ĞƌƌŽƐ Ğ ĐŚƵǀĞŝƌŽƐ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƌ͘ ůąŵƉĂĚĂƐ ŝŶĐĂŶĚĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ĨŝŽƐ ĐŽŶĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ƋƵĞŝŵĂĚĂƐ ŽĐƵůƚĂƐ Ğ ĐĂƌǀĆŽ͖ ĞƐƚĆŽ ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ ŶŽ ŵĞƐŵŽ ŐƌƵƉŽ ĚĞ
ƌĞĨŝŶĂĚŽƌ͘ ĚŝƐƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽƐ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐ͘ ƐƐĞƐ ĚŝƐƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽƐ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ǀƵůĐąŶŝĐĂ Ğ ůĂǀĂ͖ ƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽ
ĐŽŶĚĞŶƐĂĚŽƌ͘ ;Ϳ ;ͿĐŽŶĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿƌĞƐŝƐƚŽƌĞƐ͘
ϰ͘ ĐŚĂƌŐĞ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂ Ž ĂƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ;Ϳ ;ͿĐĂƉĂĐŝƚŽƌĞƐ͘
ŐůŽďĂů͕ ƚĞŵĂ ƉŽůġŵŝĐŽ ƋƵĞ ǀĞŵ ƐĞŶĚŽ ;Ϳ ;ͿĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ͘
ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽ ă ŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĞƐƚƵĨĂ͕
ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂŶĚŽͲŽ Ă ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ŚƵŵĂŶĂƐ͕ ϲ͘ ŶĂůŝƐĞ ĂƐ ĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ğ ĐŽůŽƋƵĞ s
ĐŽŵŽ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘ ƉĂƌĂĂƐǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂƐĞ&ƉĂƌĂĂƐĨĂůƐĂƐ͗
ŽŵĞŶƚĞ ƐŽďƌĞ ĂƐ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ;Ϳ ;ͿĐĂƌŐĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĠƵŵĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ
ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵĞŵ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĂŐƌĂǀĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ĚĂƐ ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ
ĐŽŵƉƁĞŵŽĄƚŽŵŽ͕ĐŽŵŽŽƐƉƌſƚŽŶƐĞ

186
ŽƐĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ͘ d/s/^WZdϮ
;Ϳ ;ͿůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞĠƉƌŽǀĞŶŝĞŶƚĞĚŽĨůƵǆŽ ϴ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĞĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ
ĚĞ ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂƐ ŵƵŝƚŽ ƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐ ĞƚŝƋƵĞƚĂƐ ĚĞ ĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĚŽŝƐ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐƉƌſƚŽŶƐƋƵĞĨĂǌĞŵƉĂƌƚĞĚĂ ƚĞůĞǀŝƐŽƌĞƐ͘
ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽĚŽƐĄƚŽŵŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ 'ĞƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ĐŽƌƉŽ
ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ž ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ
ƉƌſƚŽŶƐ ŝŐƵĂů ĂŽ ĚĞ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ ĚŝǌĞŵŽƐ
ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ĐŽƌƉŽ ĞƐƚĄ ĞůĞƚƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ĐĂƌƌĞŐĂĚŽ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿWƌſƚŽŶƐĞŶġƵƚƌŽŶƐůŽĐĂůŝǌĂŵͲƐĞŶŽ
ŶƷĐůĞŽĚŽĄƚŽŵŽ͕ƐĞŶĚŽƋƵĞŽƐƉƌſƚŽŶƐ
ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ĐĂƌŐĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀĂ Ğ ŽƐ KƐƚĞůĞǀŝƐŽƌĞƐĚĂŵĂƌĐĂZĞĚĂŵĂƌĐĂ
ŶġƵƚƌŽŶƐ ŶĆŽ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ĐĂƌŐĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘ >h ĞƐƚĆŽ ă ǀĞŶĚĂ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ůŽũĂ ĚĞ
:ĄŽƐĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐĨŝĐĂŵĂŽƌĞĚŽƌĚŽŶƷĐůĞŽ ĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ͘ hŵ ĐůŝĞŶƚĞ ĚĞƐĞũĂ ůĞǀĂƌ Ă
ĂƚƀŵŝĐŽ͕ĞƚġŵĐĂƌŐĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂŶĞŐĂƚŝǀĂ͘ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ Ž ŵĞŶŽƌ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐŽ͘
ĂůĐƵůĞĂƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞŵŬtŚƋƵĞ
ϳ͘ “Na natureza nada se perde, nada se cria, ĐĂĚĂƚĞůĞǀŝƐŽƌĐŽŶƐŽŵĞĞĚĞĨŝŶĂŽǀĂůŽƌƋƵĞŽ
tudo se transforma”, diz uma frase famosa dita ĐůŝĞŶƚĞƉĂŐĂƌŝĂĞŵƐƵĂĐŽŶƚĂŵĞŶƐĂůĐŽŵĐĂĚĂ
ƉŽƌ ŶƚŽŝŶĞ >ĂǀŽŝƐŝĞƌ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂ ĂŽƐ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ ƚĞůĞǀŝƐŽƌĞƐ Ğ Ž ĂũƵĚĞ Ă ĚĞĐŝĚŝƌ ƋƵĂů
ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐ ĚĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͘ ŽŵĞŶƚĞ Ž ƋƵĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĂƌ͘;ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞ͗dĂƌŝĨĂZΨϬ͕ϱϵϴϯϰϮŬtŚͿ
>ĂǀŽŝƐŝĞƌƋƵŝƐĚŝǌĞƌĐŽŵĞƐƐĂĨƌĂƐĞ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

187
ϵ͘ hŵĂ ůąŵƉĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϬϬ ǁĂƚƚƐ ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĐĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

ĂĐĞƐĂ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ĚŝĂƐ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ĐĂƐĂ͕ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ ϳ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŚŽƌĂƐ͘ ^ƵƉŽŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ŬtŚ ;ƋƵŝůŽǁĂƚƚͲŚŽƌĂͿ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĐƵƐƚĞ ZΨ Ϭ͕Ϯϱ͕ Ž ĐƵƐƚŽ ŵĞŶƐĂů ĚŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƐĂůąŵƉĂĚĂƐĞƌá́ĚĞ
;Ϳ ;ͿZΨϭ͕ϳϱ͘ ϭϭ͘ &ĂĕĂŽĐĄůĐƵůŽĚŽǀĂůŽƌĞŵƌĞĂŝƐĚĂĐŽŶƚĂ
;Ϳ ;ͿZΨϱ͕Ϯϱ͘ ĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĚĞƵŵĂĨĂŵşůŝĂƋƵĞĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ
;Ϳ ;ͿZΨϳ͕ϬϬ͘ ϯϬĚŝĂƐƚĞǀĞƵŵĐŽŶƐƵŵŽŵĞŶƐĂůĚĞϮϲϳŬtŚ͕
;Ϳ ;ͿZΨϮϱ͕ϬϬ͘ ƐĂďĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ƉƌĞĕŽ ĚŽ ŬtŚ Ġ ĚĞ Ϭ͕ϲϭ
ĐĞŶƚĂǀŽƐ͘ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƋƵĞĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞĂĞƐƐĞ
ϭϬ͘ hŵĂŵĆĞĚĞĨĂŵşůŝĂƌĞŐŝƐƚƌŽƵ͕ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞƵŵ ǀĂůŽƌĠĂ
ŵġƐ͕ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ ĚĞ ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ;Ϳ ;Ϳϭϴ͕ϯϬ͘
ĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽƐĞůĠƚƌŝĐŽƐĞŵƐƵĂĐĂƐĂĞƉƌĞĞŶĐŚĞƵĂ ;Ϳ ;ͿZΨϭϲϮ͕ϴϳ͘
ƚĂďĞůĂĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ ;Ϳ ;ͿZΨϭϴϯ͕ϬϬ͘
Potência Tempo de
Consumo
;Ϳ ;Ϳϰϴϴ͕ϭϬ͘
Aparelho em Funcionamento
por mês
Watts (em horas)
Geladeira 250 300 R$ _____ ϭϮ͘ ŽŶƐƵŵŽĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĨĂǌďĞŵĂŽ

Lavadora ďŽůƐŽĞĂŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂ͊
1050 10 R$ _____
de Roupas
ůĠŵ ĚĞ ŶĆŽ ƉĞƐĂƌ ŶŽ ďŽůƐŽ͕ Ž ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ
Ferro
1000 12 R$ _____ ĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƌĞĚƵǌŽĚĞƐƉĞƌĚşĐŝŽĚĞ
Elétrico
Chuveiro 5500 15 R$ _____ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ Ğ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝ ƉĂƌĂ Ă

Ventilador 110 40 R$ _____ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͘
Ž ƌĞĐĞďĞƌ Ă ĐŽŶƚĂ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ Žŵ Ă ƋƵĂƌĞŶƚĞŶĂ͕ Ă ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂ ĚŽƐ
ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞŶƚĞĂŽŵġƐƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂĚŽŶĂƚĂďĞůĂ͕Ă ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƌĞƐ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƵ Ƶŵ ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽ ŶĂƐ
ŵĆĞĚĞǀĞĞƐƉĞƌĂƌƵŵĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ͕ĞŵŬtŚ͘^ĞŽ ĐŽŶƚĂƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ŐĄƐĞĄŐƵĂ͘ĨŝŶĂů͕
ŬtŚ ĐƵƐƚĂ ZΨ Ϭ͕ϯϳ͕ ƋƵĂů Ž ĐƵƐƚŽ ŵĞŶƐĂů ĚĞ ƚŽĚŽƐ ĞƐƚĆŽ ŵĂŝƐ ƚĞŵƉŽ Ğŵ ĐĂƐĂ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ ŶĞƐƐĂ ƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂ Ă ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂ ƉŽƌ ƚĂŝƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ͘
ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ĚĂĚŽƐ ŽďƚŝĚŽƐ͍ YƵĂů ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽ dƌĂďĂůŚŽ͕ ĂƵůĂƐ ŽŶͲůŝŶĞ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞƚĞŶŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕
ŵĂŝƐ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƵ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƉƌĞƉĂƌŽĚĞƌĞĨĞŝĕƁĞƐƉĂƌĂƚŽĚĂĂĨĂŵşůŝĂ͕ĞŶƚƌĞ
ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂŶĞƐƐĂĐĂƐĂ͍ ŽƵƚƌĂƐŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞƐ͕ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵĞŵƉĂƌĂŽŵĂŝŽƌ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƵƐŽĚŽƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͘WŽƌĠŵ͕ŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĚĞǀĞ ƐĞƌ ƵŵĂ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƉƌŝŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ͘

188
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚŝŶǇƵƌů͘ĐŽŵͬƌũƚϴďĚũǇх͘ ƐƐŝŶĂůĞ Ă ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂ Ă ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ

;ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽͿĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϳŵĂŝŽϮϬϮϭ͘
ĚĞƐƐĞ^ĞůŽ͗
;Ϳ ; Ϳ WĞƌŵŝƚĞ ĂŽ ĨĂďƌŝĐĂŶƚĞ ĚŽƐ
>ŝƐƚĞĂƚŝƚƵĚĞƐŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂŝƐƋƵĞǀŽĐġĞƐƵĂ
ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ
ĨĂŵşůŝĂ ƉŽĚĞŵ ĂĚŽƚĂƌ ǀŝƐĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ
ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ĂƐ ƉĞĕĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ
ĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
ƋƵĞĐŽŶƐŽŵĞŵĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ WŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ƋƵĂŝƐ
ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ
ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ĂƵƚŽƌŝǌĂĕĆŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞƌĞŵ
ĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐĞŵŶŽƐƐŽƉĂşƐ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ WŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ ƋƵĂŝƐ
ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ ƐĆŽ
ŵĂŝƐ ƐĞŐƵƌŽƐ Ğ ŝŶĚŝĐĂĚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵĞŵĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿWĞƌŵŝƚĞĂŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƌĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌŽƐ
ϭϯ͘ K ^ĞůŽ WƌŽĐĞů ĨŽŝ ĐƌŝĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ WƌŽŐƌĂŵĂ
ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ ĚŽ
EĂĐŝŽŶĂů ĚĞ ŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŶĞƌŐŝĂ ůĠƚƌŝĐĂ
ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ŵĂŝƐ ĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ƋƵĞ
;WƌŽĐĞůͿ Ğŵ ϭϵϵϯ͘ ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ͕
ĐŽŶƐŽŵĞŵŵĞŶŽƐĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
ĨŽƌĂŵ ĨŝƌŵĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĐĞƌŝĂƐ ũƵŶƚŽ ĂŽ /ŶŵĞƚƌŽ͕ Ă
ĂŐĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĨĂďƌŝĐĂŶƚĞƐ͕
ϭϰ͘ DĞůŚŽƌĂƌĂƐĂƷĚĞĚŽƐŵŽƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ŽŵĞŝŽ
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌĞƐĚĞƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞƐĞůĂďŽƌĂƚſƌŝŽƐ͕
ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ Ğ Ă ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ ĚĂƐ ĐŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƐĆŽ
ĐŽŵŽŽďũĞƚŝǀŽĚĞĞƐƚŝŵƵůĂƌĂĚŝƐƉŽŶŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͕
ĚĞƐĂĨŝŽƐ ƐĞ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂƌŵŽƐ ŐĞƌĂƌ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƉĂƌĂ
ŶŽŵĞƌĐĂĚŽďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ͕ĚĞĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĐĂĚĂ
ĞƐƐĂƐ ĐŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂ Ğ
ǀĞǌŵĂŝƐĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞů͘ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ
ĚĞƐƚĂƐĂƚŝƚƵĚĞƐĨĂǌͲƐĞĂƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ͗
/͘hƐĂƌĐŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞŝƐĚĞĐŽǌŝŶŚĂŵĂŝƐůŝŵƉŽƐ͖
//͘ /ŶƐƚĂůĂƌ ŵĂŝƐ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞů͖
///͘ /ŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƐ ĚĞ ĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ
ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂĚĞĞĚŝĨŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͘
YƵĂŝƐ ĚĂƐ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƐ ĂĐŝŵĂ ƉŽĚĞŵ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƌ
Selo Procel. Disponível em:
<https://tinyurl.com/kdw89btp>. Acesso em 27 ƉĂƌĂ Ă ƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƉůĂŶĞƚĂ ĚĞ ĞŵŝƐƐƁĞƐ ĚĞ
maio 2021. ƉŽůƵĞŶƚĞƐĨŽƌĂĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞĞŵŶŽƐƐĂƐĐŝĚĂĚĞƐ͍

189
;Ϳ ;Ϳ/Ğ//͘ ϭϳ͘ ŽŵƉůĞƚĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ

;Ϳ ;Ϳ/Ğ///͘ ĨĂůƚĂŵƉĂƌĂƋƵĞĞƐƚĞƚĞŶŚĂƐĞŶƚŝĚŽĞĂƐƐŝŶĂůĞĂ
;Ϳ ;Ϳ//Ğ///͘ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳ/͕//Ğ///͘ /͘ŵƐƵĂƐĐĂƐĂƐ͕ĐĂĚĂŵŽƌĂĚŽƌƉŽĚĞ;ĞĚĞǀĞͿ
ĨĂǌĞƌ ƐƵĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ Ğ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƌ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂ ĨĂŵşůŝĂ
d/s/^WZdϯ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ ĚŽ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚĞ
ϭϱ͘ ůƵǌ ǀĞƌŵĞůŚĂ ŽƵ ǀĞƌĚĞ ƋƵĞ ĨŝĐĂ ĂĐĞƐĂ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽƐ //͘ ^Ğ ĨŽƌ ƚƌŽĐĂƌ ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐŽƐ͕
ĞůĞƚƌŽĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐŽƐ ŝŶĚŝĐĂ ƋƵĞ Ž ĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽ ĞƐƚĄ ĞƐĐŽůŚĂ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ƐĞůŽƐ ĚĞ
em modo “standͲby”. Mesmo sem estar sendo ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂ ĚŽ WƌŽŐƌĂŵĂ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ͕ŽĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽĞƐƚĄĐŽŶƐƵŵŝŶĚŽĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ EĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚĞŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽĚĞŶĞƌŐŝĂůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕Ž
ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘ YƵĂŶƚŽƐ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ƐƚĂŶĚͲďǇ ĞƐƚĆŽ ^ĞůŽͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͘
ůŝŐĂĚŽƐϮϰŚŽƌĂƐĞŵƐƵĂƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂ͍sŽĐġĂĐŚĂ ;Ϳ ;ͿĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞ–ƐĞŐƵƌĂŶĕĂ–/ŶŵĞƚƌŽ͘
ƋƵĞŝƐƐŽŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂĞŵƐƵĂĐŽŶƚĂĚĞůƵǌ͍ ;Ϳ ;ͿĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞ–ĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ–WƌŽĐĞů͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ ;ͿŝŶĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞ–ƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ–ŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ ;ͿĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞ–ĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ–WƌĄƚŝŬŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ϭϴ͘ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ Ġ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ ďĞŶƐ ŵĂŝƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƐĞŵƚŽĚŽŽŵƵŶĚŽ͕ƵŵĚĂĚŽƋƵĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƚĂŵďĠŵǀĂůĞƉĂƌĂŽƌĂƐŝů͗ƵŵƉĂşƐĚĞŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚŝŵĞŶƐƁĞƐ Ğ ƋƵĞ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂ ŐĞƌĂƌ ƵŵĂ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞŵƵŝƚŽŐƌĂŶĚĞĚĞĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞƉĂƌĂ
ƐƵƉƌŝƌĂƐŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞƐĚĞƚŽĚĂĂƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ͘Ɛ
ϭϲ͘ KĐŽŶƐƵŵŽĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů ƐĆŽ͕
Ġ ĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂů ƉĂƌĂ Ƶŵ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƌĞƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞĂ
ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞů͘WĂƌĂǀŽĐġ͕ƋƵĂůĂŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂĚĞ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŚŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ƵŵĐŽŶƐƵŵŽƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞůĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͍ ƚĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐŽůĂƌ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƚĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŚŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŶƵĐůĞĂƌ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƐŽůĂƌ͕ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŚŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ Ğ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƚĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŚŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ƚĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞſůŝĐĂ͘

190
ϭϵ͘ &ŽŶƚĞƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐĆŽŽƉĕƁĞƐĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂƐ Ϯϭ͘ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽĚĂƐĨŽŶƚĞƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞŵ'ŽŝĄƐ͕

ĐŽŵ ŽƌŝŐĞŶƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ͘ ƐƐŝŶĂůĞ Ă ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ƐĆŽĨĞŝƚĂƐĂůŐƵŵĂƐĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ͕ĂƐƐŝŶĂůĞsƉĂƌĂ
ƋƵĞŵĞůŚŽƌĐŽŶĐĞŝƚƵĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞů͗ ĂƐǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂƐĞ&ƉĂƌĂĂƐ&ĂůƐĂƐ͗
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ^ĆŽ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵ /͘ ;ͺͿ ĐĂŶĂͲĚĞͲĂĕƷĐĂƌ Ġ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐƋƵĞƐĞĞƐŐŽƚĂŵŶĂŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͘ ĨĂďƌŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĞĂĕƷĐĂƌĞĞƚĂŶŽů͕ĞŽďĂŐĂĕŽƉŽĚĞ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ^ĆŽ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ ŽƵ ĂƌƚŝĨŝĐŝĂŝƐ ƐĞƌƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽĐŽŵŽĐŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞůƉĂƌĂĐŽŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞĐĂůŽƌĞĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĚĞĐĂůŽƌ͘ //͘ ;ͺͿKŐĄƐŶĂƚƵƌĂůĠƵŵĞǆĞŵƉůŽĚĞĨŽŶƚĞĚĞ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ Ă ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĨŽŶƚĞ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĚŽ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŶĆŽ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞů͕ ĐŽůĂďŽƌĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž
ŵƵŶĚŽ͕ ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞ ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĞƐƚƵĨĂ Ğ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ
ĐŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞŝƐĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͘ ĂŐƌĂǀĂŶĚŽŽĂƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽŐůŽďĂů͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ^ĆŽ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵ ///͘ ;ͺͿ K ƐƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ 'ŽŝĄƐ ĞƐƚĄ ŶŽ ƉĂşƐ ĐŽŵ
ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƐĞ ĞƐŐŽƚĂŵ ŽƵ ƐĞ ŵĞŶŽƌ ƌĂĚŝĂĕĆŽ ƐŽůĂƌ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͕ ĞŶƵŵĂĚĂƐ
ƌĞŐĞƌĂŵŶĂŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͘ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ ŵĞŶŽƐ ƉƌŝǀŝůĞŐŝĂĚĂƐ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ͕
ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ƵŵůŽĐĂůƋƵĞƉŽƵĐŽƵƚŝůŝǌĂĞƐƚĞƚŝƉŽĚĞ
ϮϬ͘ hƚŝůŝǌĞ ĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ŝŶĚŝĐĂĚĂƐ ŶŽ ƋƵĂĚƌŽ ĨŽŶƚĞĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
ƉĂƌĂĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂƌŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ /s͘ ;ͺͿ K ĞƐƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ 'ŽŝĄƐ ŶĆŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ
DE/Ͳ,/Zh>/ͲWKdE/>Ͳ ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂů ĚĞ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞſůŝĐĂ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ă
>dZ/Ͳ,/Z>dZ/Ͳ/Ed/ ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞĚĞǀĞŶƚŽƐƋƵĞŝŶĐŝĚĞƐŽďƌĞĂƌĞŐŝĆŽ
é ŝŶƐƵĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĂƚŝŶũĂ ǀŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ
hŵĂ ƵƐŝŶĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ Ġ ƵŵĂ ŽďƌĂ ĚĞ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂǀŽůƚĂĚĂàƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĞŶŐĞŶŚĂƌŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƵƐĂ Ă ĨŽƌĕĂ ĚĂƐ ĄŐƵĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ

ŐĞƌĂƌ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘ ůĂ Ġ Ƶŵ ŝŶƚƌŝĐĂĚŽ ƉƌŽũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ϮϮ͘ ƐĨŽŶƚĞƐĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐĆŽƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ
ĞŶŐĞŶŚĂƌŝĂƐ ;Đŝǀŝů͕ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ ŵĞĐąŶŝĐĂ͕ ŽƵ ĂƌƚŝĨŝĐŝĂŝƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ƉĂƌĂ
ŚŝĚƌĄƵůŝĐĂ͘͘͘Ϳ ƋƵĞ ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂ ĞŶŽƌŵĞƐ ĞƐĨŽƌĕŽƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĂůŐƵŵ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ
ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ͘ ĞŶĞƌŐşĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ĚĞůĂƐ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƐ
ŐƌĂǀŝƚĂĐŝŽŶĂů ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚĞ Ğŵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ůŝŵƉĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ďŝŽĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘ K ƋƵĞ Ġ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ Ġ ŽďƚŝĚĂ ƉĞůŽ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ďŝŽĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͍ŝƚĞĂůŐƵŵĂƐĚĞƐƵĂƐǀĂŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ͘
ĄŐƵĂ͖ĞĞƐƐĞƌĞƉƌĞƐĂŵĞŶƚŽƉƌŽǀŽĐĂĂƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƋƵĞĐŽŶǀĞƌƚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺĞŵĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͕ ƋƵĞ Ġ ƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌŝĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƚƵƌďŝŶĂ ŚŝĚƌĄƵůŝĐĂ ŽŶĚĞ ƐĞƌĄ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚŝĚĂ Ğŵ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

191
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƵŵĂĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ͕ƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞŽĐŽƌƌĞĂƵŶŝĆŽĚŽƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽĞĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽ͘
KƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐƋƵĞƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ
KƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ
ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂŵ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ
ƐĞǆƵĂĚĂ͕ ƚĂŝƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ Ğ ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ͘ K
'Dd^,Z/dZ/ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ Ġ
,/>/ ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽŐĂŵĞƚŽŐġŶĞƐĞ͘
;&Ϭϵ/ϬϴͿƐƐŽĐŝĂƌŽƐŐĂŵĞƚĂƐăƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƐƐĆŽ
ĚĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ͕
ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂŶĐĞƐƚƌĂŝƐ Ğ
ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
K:dKKE,/DEdK
,ĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ
'ĂŵĞƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ

ƉĞůĂ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ƐĞǆƵĂĚĂ͘ ůĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĆŽ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ 'ĂŵĞƚŽŐġŶĞƐĞ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ф
ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ƐĞǆƵĂŝƐ ŽƵ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŐĂŵĞƚĂƐͲĞͲ
ŐĂŵĞƚŽŐĞŶĞƐĞͬ/E>hW/dhZΗͬǀĂƌͬĨŽůĚĞƌƐͬďϴͬƐŬŵ
ŐĞƌŵŝŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ Ğ ĨƵŶĚĞŵͲƐĞ ŶŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ǁŵǁͺĚϬϭƋϭŶŶŐϱĚͺŐϴďĨĐϴϬϬϬϬŐŶͬdͬĐŽŵ͘ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽĨƚ͘t
ŽƌĚͬtĞďƌĐŚŝǀĞŽƉǇWĂƐƚĞdĞŵƉ&ŝůĞƐͬƉŝĐĂƐŝŽŶ͘ĐŽŵͺĚϯ
ĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌ Ž ǌŝŐŽƚŽ͕ ƋƵĞ͕ ƉŽƌ ĚϴϯϱϳϮϴĞĚϮĞϲϱĨϵĂďϵϵϰĂϲĨϴĚϳϲϲϮϱ
ƐƵĂǀĞǌ͕ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂŽĞŵďƌŝĆŽ͕ŐĞƌĂŶĚŽƵŵŶŽǀŽ
ƐĞƌ͘
'ĂŵĞƚĂƐĚĂƐƉůĂŶƚĂƐ
KƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ŵĞƚĂĚĞ ĚŽ
EĂƐ ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ͕ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĐƌŽŵŽƐƐƀŵŝĐŽĚĞƵŵĂĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ͘ŵ
ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ͘ EĂƐ ďƌŝſĨŝƚĂƐ Ğ ƉƚĞƌŝĚſĨŝƚĂƐ
ŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ͕ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽƵŵĂĐĠůƵůĂ
;ĐƌŝƉƚſŐĂŵĂƐͿ͕ Ž ŐĂŵĞƚĂ ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ Ġ
ĂƵƚŽƐƐƀŵŝĐĂ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ϰϲ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ͕ ƐĞƵƐ
ĨůĂŐĞůĂĚŽĞŶĂĚĂĂƚĠŽŐĂŵĞƚĂĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽ͕ƋƵĞ
ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ Ϯϯ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ͘
ĠŝŵſǀĞů͘KŐĂŵĞƚĂŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ͕ŶĞƐƐĞĐĂƐŽ͕Ġ
K ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ ƌĞĚƵǌŝĚŽ ƉĞůĂ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ ĚĞ ĂŶƚĞƌŽǌſŝĚĞ͕ Ğ Ž ŐĂŵĞƚĂ
ŵĞƚĂĚĞ ŶŽƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ Ġ ĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂů ƉĂƌĂ Ă
ĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽĠĂŽŽƐĨĞƌĂ͘:ĄŶĂƐŐŝŵŶŽƐƉĞƌŵĂƐĞ
ŵĂŶƵƚĞŶĕĆŽĚŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐĚĞ
ĂŶŐŝŽƐƉĞƌŵĂƐ ;ĨĂŶĞƌſŐĂŵĂƐͿ͕ Ž ŐĂŵĞƚĂ

192
ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ Ġ Ž ŶƷĐůĞŽ ĞƐƉĞƌŵĄƚŝĐŽ͕ Ğ Ž ŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĄƌŝĂ ;ƌŝĐĂ Ğŵ ŵŝƚŽĐƀŶĚƌŝĂƐ ƋƵĞ

ŐĂŵĞƚĂĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽƚĂŵďĠŵƐĞĐŚĂŵĂŽŽƐĨĞƌĂ͘ ĨŽƌŶĞĐĞŵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂͿ͕ ƉĞĕĂ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů Ğ ƉĞĕĂ
K ŶƷĐůĞŽ ĞƐƉĞƌŵĄƚŝĐŽ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ă ŽŽƐĨĞƌĂ ƚĞƌŵŝŶĂů͘
ŐƌĂĕĂƐĂŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƚƵďŽƉŽůşŶŝĐŽ͘ K ŽǀſĐŝƚŽ ƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝŽ ŚƵŵĂŶŽ͕
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽƚĂŵďĠŵĐŽŵŽſǀƵůŽ͕ĠŽŐĂŵĞƚĂ
'ĂŵĞƚĂĚŽƐĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ ĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽ ůŝďĞƌĂĚŽ ŶĂ ŽǀƵůĂĕĆŽ͘ ůĞ
EŽƐ ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͕ Ž ŐĂŵĞƚĂ ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ Ġ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂͲƐĞ ƉŽƌ ƐĞƌ ĐŝƌĐƵŶĚĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ǌŽŶĂ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ ĚĞ ĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽǌſŝĚĞ͕ Ž ƋƵĂů Ġ ƵŵĂ ƉĞůƷĐŝĚĂ;ĨŽƌŵĂĚĂƉŽƌŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůŐůŝĐŽƉƌŽƚĞŝĐŽͿ
ĐĠůƵůĂ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌĂ ĚŽƚĂĚĂ ĚĞ ĨůĂŐĞůŽ Ğ͕ Ğ ƉĞůĂ ĐŽƌŽŶĂ ƌĂĚŝĂƚĂ ;ĐĂŵĂĚĂ ĚĞ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ
ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ŵſǀĞů͘ :Ą Ž ŐĂŵĞƚĂ ĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽ Ġ ĨŽůŝĐƵůĂƌĞƐͿ͘
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĚĞŽǀſĐŝƚŽĞĠŝŵſǀĞů͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŽͲ
ƋƵĞͲĞͬďŝŽůŽŐŝĂͬŽͲƋƵĞͲĞͲŐĂŵĞƚĂ͘ŚƚŵхĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϭϰ
ĚĞũĂŶ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
,ĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ
ĞŶŽŵŝŶĂŵŽƐ ĚĞ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ Ž

ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ŐĞŶĞƐ Ğ ĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚŽƐƉĂŝƐƐĆŽƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝĚŽƐĂŽƐ
ƐĞƵƐ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘ Ɛ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ ĨĞŶŽƚşƉŝĐĂƐ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝĚĂƐ ĚĞƐƐĂ
&ŝŐƵƌĂ ϰ͘ ƐƋƵĞŵĂ ĚĂ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĚŽ ſǀƵůŽ Ğ ĚŽ
ĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽǌŽŝĚĞ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ ƉŽƌ ƐƵĂ ǀĞǌ͕ ƐĆŽ ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŐĂŵĞƚĂƐͲĞͲ
ŐĂŵĞƚŽŐĞŶĞƐĞͬ/E>hW/dhZ͘ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ͘
EŽƐƐĞƌĞƐŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ͕ĂƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƐƐĆŽĚĞ
K ĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽǌŽŝĚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶŽ Ġ ŵĞŶŽƌ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ Ġ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝĚĂ
ƋƵĞŽŽǀſĐŝƚŽĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĐĂďĞĕĂĞĐĂƵĚĂ͘EĂ ŐƌĂĕĂƐ ă ĨƵƐĆŽ ĚŽƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ͘ K ŐĂŵĞƚĂ
ĐĂďĞĕĂ͕ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŵͲƐĞ Ž ŶƷĐůĞŽ Ğ ƵŵĂ ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ͕ Ž ĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽǌſŝĚĞ͕ Ğ Ž ŐĂŵĞƚĂ
ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂ ĚĞ ĂĐƌŽƐƐŽŵĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽ͕ŽƵŽǀſĐŝƚŽƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝŽ͕ĐŽŶƚĠŵϮϯ
ĐŽŶƚĠŵŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐĞŶǌŝŵĂƐƋƵĞĨĂǀŽƌĞĐĞŵ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐĐĂĚĂ͘YƵĂŶĚŽŽĐŽƌƌĞĂĨƵƐĆŽ͕
ĂĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ͘ĐĂƵĚĂ͕ƉŽƌƐƵĂǀĞǌ͕ŐĂƌĂŶƚĞĂ ŽƐϮϯĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ ĚŽƉĂŝũƵŶƚĂŵͲƐĞĂŽƐϮϯ
ůŽĐŽŵŽĕĆŽ Ğ Ġ ĨŽƌŵĂĚĂ ƉĞůĂ ƉĞĕĂ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐĚĂŵĆĞĞƉĂƐƐĂŵĂĐŽŵƉŽƌŽ

193
ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐƀŵŝĐŽ ĚĂƋƵĞůĂ ŶŽǀĂ Ϯ͘ ǆƉůŝƋƵĞ Ă ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ

ĐĠůƵůĂ͘ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ Ğ Ă ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ͍
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŵƵŶĚŽĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬďŝŽůŽŐŝĂͬŚĞƌĞĚ
ŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ŚƚŵхĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϭϰĚĞũĂŶ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ϯ͘ &ĂĕĂĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞĂƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂĞ
ĂƐĞŐƵŶĚĂĐŽůƵŶĂ͗
sĂŵŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ŵĂŝƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă
/͘KǀſĐŝƚŽ^ĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝŽ ; Ϳ ^ĆŽ ŽƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ
ŐĂŵĞƚŽŐġŶĞƐĞ͍^ĞƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ĂƐƐŝƐƚĂĂŽǀşĚĞŽ
ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽƐĞŵſǀĞŝƐĚĞĐƌŝƉƚſŐĂŵĂƐ͘
ĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůŶŽůŝŶŬŽƵǀŝĂYZĐŽĚĞĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗
//͘ ƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽǌŽŝĚĞ ; ͿƵŵĂĐĠůƵůĂŐƌĂŶĚĞ͕
ŝŵſǀĞůĐŽŵĂƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚĞŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůŶƵƚƌŝƚŝǀŽ͘
WĂŶĚġŵŝĐŽƐ͘'ĂŵĞƚŽŐġŶĞƐĞ͘zŽƵƚƵďĞ͕ϮϳĚĞ
Ăďƌŝů ĚĞ ϮϬϮϬ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
///͘ KŽƐĨĞƌĂ ;ͿƵŵĂĐĠůƵůĂƉĞƋƵĞŶĂ͕ŵſǀĞů
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсŵ&DϭzϳƵĨ Ğ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵşĚĂ ƉŽƌ ƚƌġƐ ƉĂƌƚĞƐ͗ ĐĂďĞĕĂ͕ ƉĞĕĂ
ŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĄƌŝĂĞĐĂƵĚĂ͘
/s͘ ŶƚĞƌŽǌſŝĚĞ ; Ϳ 'ĂŵĞƚĂƐ ĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽƐ
ĚŽƐŐƌƵƉŽƐĚĞƉůĂŶƚĂƐ͘
ϰ͘ ŶĂůŝƐĞĂƐĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐ
ĂŐĂŵĞƚĂƐĞŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘
ϭ͘ ĠůƵůĂƐ ŐĞƌŵŝŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĨƵŶĚĞŵ ŶŽ / – 'ĂŵĞƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ƉŽƌ
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĂƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌŽǌŝŐŽƚŽ ĐĂƌƌĞŐĂƌĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂƐƋƵĞƐĞƌĆŽ
ƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐĚĞ͗ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝĚĂƐĚĞƵŵĂŐĞƌĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĂŽƵƚƌĂ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿƐŽŵĄƚŝĐĂƐ͘ //– ƵƌĂŶƚĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƌĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀŽ͕ŽĐŽƌƌĞĂ
;Ϳ ;ͿŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ͘ ĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŐĂŵĞƚĂ ĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽ ƉĞůŽ
;Ϳ ;ͿĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚſĐŝƚŽƐ͘ ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ Ğ ƐĞƌĄ ĨŽƌŵĂĚŽ Ž ſǀƵůŽ͕ ƋƵĞ Ġ Ă
;Ϳ ;ͿĐŽƌƉŽƐƉŽůĂƌĞƐ͘ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂĐĠůƵůĂĚŽĞŵďƌŝĆŽ͘

/// – KƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ Ƶŵ ƷŶŝĐŽ
ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ͕ ŵĞƚĂĚĞ ĚĂ

194
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ ĚĂƐ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ϲ͘ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ƐĞǆƵĂĚĂ Ġ Ƶŵ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ

ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ ŶŽ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽ͕ ƉŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ ƐĆŽ ƋƵĞ ŚĄ Ž ĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ͘ ^ŽďƌĞ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƐĚĞĐĠůƵůĂƐĚŝƉůſŝĚĞƐ͘ ĞƐƐĂƐĐĠůƵůĂƐ͕ŵĂƌƋƵĞĂĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͘
YƵĂŝƐĞƐƚĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƚĂƐ͍ ;Ϳ ;ͿĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽƐĞŵƉƌĞŽĐŽƌƌĞƌĄĐŽŵ
;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ/͘ Ă ƵŶŝĆŽ ĚĞ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ĚĞ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ
;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ//͘ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ/Ğ//͘ ;Ϳ ;ͿŵŚƵŵĂŶŽƐ͕ŽŐĂŵĞƚĂŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽĠ
;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ/Ğ///͘ Ž ŽǀſĐŝƚŽ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿĨƵƐĆŽĚŽƐŐĂŵĞƚĂƐŶĂƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ
ϱ͘ ^ĞůĞĐŝŽŶĞ Ă ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂ ĂƐ ƐĞǆƵĂĚĂĠĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ͘
ůĂĐƵŶĂƐĚĂƐĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ͗ ;Ϳ ;ͿŵďŽƌĂĂƐƉůĂŶƚĂƐƐĞũĂŵƐĞƌĞƐǀŝǀŽƐ͕
/– KƐŐĂŵĞƚĂƐƐĆŽĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐƉŽƌƵŵƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ŶĆŽ ƐĆŽĐĂƉĂǌĞƐĚĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ͘
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĚĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ Ğŵ ſƌŐĆŽƐ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƐĚĞͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͘
// – EĂƐ ŵƵůŚĞƌĞƐ ĂƐ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ŐĞƌŵŝŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ ƐĆŽ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ Ğ ĞƐƚĆŽ ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĚĂƐ
ŶŽƐ ŽǀĄƌŝŽƐ͘ EŽƐ ŚŽŵĞŶƐ͕ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ƐĆŽ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂƐĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽŐƀŶŝĂƐĞƐĞůŽĐĂůŝǌĂŵ
ŶŽƐͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͘
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;&Ϭϵ/ϬϵͿŝƐĐƵƚŝƌĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐĚĞDĞŶĚĞůƐŽďƌĞ
;Ϳ ;ͿŽǀƵůŽŐġŶĞƐĞ– ƚĞĐŝĚŽƐ– ŽǀſĐŝƚŽƐ– ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ;ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝŽƐ͕
ƚĞƐƚşĐƵůŽƐ͘ ƐĞŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽ͕ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ͕ ĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽͿ͕
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŐĂŵĞƚŽŐġŶĞƐĞ – ŐƀŶĂĚĂƐ – ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽͲĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞƐŽůǀĞƌ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ
ŽǀŽŐƀŶŝĂƐ– ƚĞƐƚşĐƵůŽƐ͘ ĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ Ă ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽŐġŶĞƐĞ – ŐƀŶĂĚĂƐ – ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝĂƐĞŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ͘
ŽŽŐƀŶŝĂƐ– ƚĞĐŝĚŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŽŽŐġŶĞƐĞ – ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ – ſǀƵůŽƐ – K:dKKE,/DEdK
ĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽǌŽŝĚĞƐ͘ &ƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂ'ĞŶĠƚŝĐĂDĞŶĚĞůŝĂŶĂĞƐĞƵƐ
ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞŶƚĞƐŶĂŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂĂƚƵĂů͘

195
ŵĞƚŽĚŽůŽŐŝĂĚĞDĞŶĚĞůĐŽŶƐŝƐƚŝƵĞŵƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌ
ĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ůŝŶŚĂŐĞŶƐ ĚĞ
ĞƌǀŝůŚĂƐ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂƐ ΗƉƵƌĂƐΗ͘ ƉůĂŶƚĂ ĞƌĂ
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂ ƉƵƌĂ ƉŽƌ DĞŶĚĞů ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĂƉſƐ
ƐĞŝƐ ŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĂŝŶĚĂ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂǀĂ ĂƐ ŵĞƐŵĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͘
ƉſƐ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ ĂƐ ůŝŶŚĂŐĞŶƐ ƉƵƌĂƐ͕
DĞŶĚĞů ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌ ĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĞ
ƉŽůŝŶŝǌĂĕĆŽĐƌƵǌĂĚĂ͘KƉƌŽĐĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĐŽŶƐŝƐƚŝĂ͕
ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ĞŵƌĞƚŝƌĂƌ ƉſůĞŶĚĞƵŵĂƉůĂŶƚĂ
ĐŽŵ ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞ ĂŵĂƌĞůĂ Ğ ĚĞƉŽƐŝƚĄͲůŽ ƐŽď Ž
&ŝŐƵƌĂ ϱ͘ DĞŶĚĞů͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ĞƐƚŝŐŵĂĚĞƵŵĂƉůĂŶƚĂĐŽŵƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐǀĞƌĚĞƐ͘
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉƚ͘ǁŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͘ŽƌŐͬǁŝŬŝͬ'ƌĞŐŽƌͺDĞŶĚĞů
/E>hW/dhZΗͬǀĂƌͬĨŽůĚĞƌƐͬďϴͬƐŬŵǁŵǁͺĚϬϭƋϭŶŶŐ Ɛ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ DĞŶĚĞů
ϱĚͺŐϴďĨĐϴϬϬϬϬŐŶͬdͬĐŽŵ͘ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽĨƚ͘tŽƌĚͬtĞďƌĐŚŝǀĞ
ŽƉǇWĂƐƚĞdĞŵƉ&ŝůĞƐͬƉŝĐĂƐŝŽŶ͘ĐŽŵͺĚϯĚϴϯϱϳϮϴĞĚϮĞϲϱĨ ĨŽƌĂŵ ƐĞƚĞ͗ ĐŽƌ ĚĂ ĨůŽƌ͕ ƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĨůŽƌ ŶŽ
ϵĂďϵϵϰĂϲĨϴĚϳϲϲϮϱ͘ũƉŐΗ ͰΎ DZ'&KZDd/Ed х͘
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϰĚĞũĂŶ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ĐĂƵůĞ͕ ĐŽƌ ĚĂ ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƚĞǆƚƵƌĂ ĚĂ ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕
ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĂ ǀĂŐĞŵ͕ ĐŽƌ ĚĂ ǀĂŐĞŵ Ğ ĂůƚƵƌĂ ĚĂ
Ɛ>ĞŝƐĚĞDĞŶĚĞůƐĆŽƵŵĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĚĞ
ƉůĂŶƚĂ͘
ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂŵ Ž ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽ ĚĂ
Ž ůŽŶŐŽ ĚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ DĞŶĚĞů ĨŽŝ
ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƐƐĆŽ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝĂ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ ĂƐ ŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͘
ƌĞĂůŝǌĂŶĚŽĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĐŽŵ
KƐĞƐƚƵĚŽƐĚŽŵŽŶŐĞ'ƌĞŐŽƌDĞŶĚĞůĨŽƌĂŵĂ
ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚĞ ǀĞƌŝĨŝĐĂƌ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ďĂƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌ ŽƐ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĞ
ĞƌĂŵ ŚĞƌĚĂĚĂƐ ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚĂƐ ŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͘ Žŵ
ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ŝŶĚĂŚŽũĞ͕ƐĆŽƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽƐ
ŝƐƐŽ͕ĞůĞĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƵĂƐƐƵĂƐ>ĞŝƐ͕ƋƵĞƚĂŵďĠŵ
ĐŽŵŽ ƵŵĂ ĚĂƐ ŵĂŝŽƌĞƐ ĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂƐ ĚĂ
ĨŝĐĂƌĂŵĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƐƉŽƌ'ĞŶĠƚŝĐĂDĞŶĚĞůŝĂŶĂ͘
ŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͘ /ƐƐŽ ĨĞǌ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ DĞŶĚĞů ĨŽƐƐĞ
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽ Ž ΗWĂŝ ĚĂ 'ĞŶĠƚŝĐĂΗ ƉŽƌ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌĞƐ͘
ǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĞDĞŶĚĞů
WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ>ĞŝĚĞDĞŶĚĞů
WĂƌĂ ĐŽŶĚƵǌŝƌ ŽƐ ƐĞƵƐ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕

WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ >Ğŝ ĚĞ DĞŶĚĞů ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƌĞĐĞďĞ Ž
DĞŶĚĞůĞƐĐŽůŚĞƵĂƐĞƌǀŝůŚĂƐͲĚĞͲĐŚĞŝƌŽ;WŝƐƵŵ
ŶŽŵĞ ĚĞ >Ğŝ ĚĂ ^ĞŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ &ĂƚŽƌĞƐ ŽƵ
ƐĂƚŝǀƵŵͿ͘ƐƐĂƉůĂŶƚĂĠĚĞĨĄĐŝůĐƵůƚŝǀŽ͕ƌĞĂůŝǌĂ
DŽŶŽŝďƌŝĚŝƐŵŽ͘ ůĂ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ Ž ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ
ĂƵƚŽĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ͕ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ Ƶŵ ĐƵƌƚŽ ĐŝĐůŽ
ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ͗
ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀŽĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵƵŝƚĂƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͘

196
“Cada caráter é determinado por um ƐƐŝŵ͕ ŽƐ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ ĚĂ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ

ƉĂƌ ĚĞ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƐĞƉĂƌĂŵ ŶĂ ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ͕ ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂ ĚĞ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ &ϭ͕ ĞƌĂŵ
ĚŽƐŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ͕ŝŶĚŽƵŵĨĂƚŽƌĚŽƉĂƌƉĂƌĂĐĂĚĂ ϭϬϬйƉƵƌŽƐ͘ŽŵŽƚŽĚĂƐĂƐƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐŐĞƌĂĚĂƐ
gameta, que é, portanto, puro”. ĞƌĂŵ ĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ͕ DĞŶĚĞů ƌĞĂůŝǌŽƵ Ă
ƐƐĂ >Ğŝ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂ ƋƵĞ ĐĂĚĂ ĂƵƚŽĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞĞůĂƐ͘EĂŶŽǀĂůŝŶŚĂŐĞŵ͕
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂĠĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂƉŽƌĚŽŝƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͕ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ &Ϯ͕ ƐƵƌŐŝƌĂŵ ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐ ĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ Ğ
ƋƵĞƐĞƐĞƉĂƌĂŵŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚŽƐŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ͘ ǀĞƌĚĞƐ͕ŶĂƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽϯ͗ϭ;ĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ͗ǀĞƌĚĞƐͿ͘
Žŵ ŝƐƐŽ͕ DĞŶĚĞů ĐŽŶĐůƵŝƵ ƋƵĞ Ă ĐŽƌ
DĞŶĚĞů ĐŚĞŐŽƵ Ă ĞƐƐĂ ĐŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ͕ ĚĂƐ ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐ ĞƌĂ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂ ƉŽƌ ĚŽŝƐ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƵ ƋƵĞ ůŝŶŚĂŐĞŶƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͘hŵĨĂƚŽƌĞƌĂĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞĞĐŽŶĚŝĐŝŽŶĂ
ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĂƚƌŝďƵƚŽƐ ĞƐĐŽůŚŝĚŽƐ͕ ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐ ĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ͕ Ž ŽƵƚƌŽ ĞƌĂ ƌĞĐĞƐƐŝǀŽ Ğ
ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ŐĞƌĂŵ ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐ ƉƵƌĂƐ Ğ ƐĞŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐǀĞƌĚĞƐ͘
ĂůƚĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚĂƐ ŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ͘ KƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ>ĞŝĚĞDĞŶĚĞůƐĞĂƉůŝĐĂƉĂƌĂ
ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐ ĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚŽĚĞƵŵĂ ƷŶŝĐĂĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ͘WŽƌĠŵ͕
ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĂŵ ϭϬϬй ĚŽƐ ƐĞƵƐ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŵ DĞŶĚĞů ĂŝŶĚĂ ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĂĚŽ Ğŵ ƐĂďĞƌ
ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ͘ ĐŽŵŽ ŽĐŽƌƌŝĂ Ă ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĚƵĂƐ ŽƵ ŵĂŝƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĞŵƐŝŵƵůƚąŶĞŽ͘
^ĞŐƵŶĚĂ>ĞŝĚĞDĞŶĚĞů
^ĞŐƵŶĚĂ >Ğŝ ĚĞ DĞŶĚĞů ƚĂŵďĠŵ

ƌĞĐĞďĞ Ž ŶŽŵĞ ĚĞ >Ğŝ ĚĂ ^ĞŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽ
/ŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ ĚŽƐ'ĞŶĞƐ ŽƵ ŝŝďƌŝĚŝƐŵŽ͘ ůĂ
ƉŽƐƐƵŝŽƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ͗
“As diferenças de uma característica
&ŝŐƵƌĂ ϲ͘ &ŝŐƵƌĂ Ϯ – ƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ >Ğŝ ĚĞ
DĞŶĚĞů͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ƐĆŽ ŚĞƌĚĂĚĂƐ ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ĚĂƐ
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƋƵĞƌŽďŽůƐĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞŶĞŵͬďŝŽůŽŐŝĂͬůĞŝƐͲĚĞͲ
ŵĞŶĚĞů/E>hW/dhZΗͬǀĂƌͬĨŽůĚĞƌƐͬďϴͬƐŬŵǁŵǁͺĚϬ diferenças em outras características”.
ϭƋϭŶŶŐϱĚͺŐϴďĨĐϴϬϬϬϬŐŶͬdͬĐŽŵ͘ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽĨƚ͘tŽƌĚͬtĞď
ƌĐŚŝǀĞŽƉǇWĂƐƚĞdĞŵƉ&ŝůĞƐͬƉŝĐĂƐŝŽŶ͘ĐŽŵͺĚϯĚϴϯϱϳϮϴ EĞƐƐĞ ĐĂƐŽ͕ DĞŶĚĞů ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƌĞĂůŝǌŽƵ
ĞĚϮĞϲϱĨϵĂďϵϵϰĂϲĨϴĚϳϲϲϮϱ͘ũƉŐΗͰΎDZ'&KZDd/Ed
Ž ĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ ĐŽŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
х͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϰĚĞũĂŶ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͘ ůĞ ĐƌƵǌŽƵ ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ ĐŽŵ

197
ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐ ĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ Ğ ůŝƐĂƐ ĐŽŵ ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ ĚĞ

ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐ ǀĞƌĚĞƐ Ğ ƌƵŐŽƐĂƐ͘ DĞŶĚĞů ũĄ
ĞƐƉĞƌĂǀĂƋƵĞĂŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ&ϭƐĞƌŝĂĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂƉŽƌ
ϭϬϬйĚĞƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐĞůŝƐĂƐ͕ƉŽŝƐĞƐƐĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ĐĂƌĄƚĞƌ
ĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ͘
WŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ĨĞǌ Ž ĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞƐƐĂ

ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂǀĂ ƋƵĞ ŝƌŝĂŵ ƐƵƌŐŝƌ
ƐĞŵĞŶƚĞƐǀĞƌĚĞƐĞƌƵŐŽƐĂƐ͕ĞĞůĞĞƐƚĂǀĂĐĞƌƚŽ͘
KƐ ŐĞŶſƚŝƉŽƐ Ğ ĨĞŶſƚŝƉŽƐ ĐƌƵǌĂĚŽƐ
ĞƌĂŵŽƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ͗
sͺ͗ŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ;ĐŽƌŵĂƌĞůĂͿ
Zͺ͗ŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ;ĨŽƌŵĂ>ŝƐĂͿ
&ŝŐƵƌĂϳ͘&ŝŐƵƌĂϯ– ƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂ^ĞŐƵŶĚĂ>ĞŝĚĞ
ǀǀ͗ZĞĐĞƐƐŝǀŽ;ĐŽƌsĞƌĚĞͿ DĞŶĚĞů͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƋƵĞƌŽďŽůƐĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĞŶĞŵͬďŝŽůŽŐŝĂͬůĞŝƐͲĚĞͲ
ƌƌ͗ZĞĐĞƐƐŝǀŽ;ĨŽƌŵĂZƵŐŽƐĂͿ
ŵĞŶĚĞů/E>hW/dhZ
DĞŶĚĞů ĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƵ ŶĂ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ &Ϯ ΗͬǀĂƌͬĨŽůĚĞƌƐͬďϴͬƐŬŵǁŵǁͺĚϬϭƋϭŶŶŐϱĚͺŐϴďĨĐϴϬϬϬϬŐ
ŶͬdͬĐŽŵ͘ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽĨƚ͘tŽƌĚͬtĞďƌĐŚŝǀĞŽƉǇWĂƐƚĞdĞŵƉ&
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĨĞŶſƚŝƉŽƐ͕ ŶĂƐ ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ ŝůĞƐͬƉŝĐĂƐŝŽŶ͘ĐŽŵͺĚϯĚϴϯϱϳϮϴĞĚϮĞϲϱĨϵĂďϵϵϰĂϲĨϴĚϳϲϲ
Ϯϱ͘ũƉŐΗͰΎDZ'&KZDd/Edх͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϰĚĞũĂŶ͘
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕƁĞƐ͗ ϵ ĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ Ğ ůŝƐĂƐ͖ ϯ ĂŵĂƌĞůĂƐ Ğ ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ƌƵŐŽƐĂƐ͖ϯǀĞƌĚĞƐĞůŝƐĂƐ͖ϭǀĞƌĚĞĞƌƵŐŽƐĂ͘
sĂŵŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ŵĂŝƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ

ĚĞ 'ƌĞŐŽƌ DĞŶĚĞů͍ ^Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĂƐƐŝƐƚĂ ĂŽ
ǀşĚĞŽ ĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů ŶŽ ůŝŶŬ ŽƵ ƉĞůŽ YZ ĐŽĚĞ Ă
ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗
sĞƌǀĞŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂ͘'ƌĞŐŽƐDĞŶĚĞů͕ŽƉĂŝ
ĚĂ'ĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ͘zŽƵƚƵďĞ͕ϬϱĚĞŵĂŝŽĚĞϮϬϮϬ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсŚŬsĐǀŬϭƚŬĨ/͘
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϯϬŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ͘

198
;Ϳ ; Ϳ sĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ ĚĞ ĨĄĐŝů ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ Ğ

ĐŽŵĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐ͘
;Ϳ ; ͿŝĐůŽ ĚĞ ǀŝĚĂ ĐƵƌƚŽ͕Ž ƋƵĞƉĞƌŵŝƚĞ
ǀĄƌŝĂƐŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĞŵƉŽƵĐŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳ&ĂĐŝůŝĚĂĚĞŶĂƉŽůŝŶŝǌĂĕĆŽĂƌƚŝĨŝĐŝĂů͘
ϰ͘ 'ƌĞŐŽƌ :ŽŚĂŶŶ DĞŶĚĞů ŶĂƐĐĞƵ ŽŶĚĞ

ĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞĠĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂdĐŚĞĐĂ͘ŶƚƌŽƵƉĂƌĂ
Ž ŵŽƐƚĞŝƌŽĂŝŶĚĂũŽǀĞŵ͕ĞůĄĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƵĐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ
d/s/^ ĂŐƌĄƌŝĂƐ Ğ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ƉŽůŝŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ

ĂƌƚŝĨŝĐŝĂů͕ƋƵĞƉĞƌŵŝƚŝĂŽĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞǀĄƌŝĂƐ
ϭ͘ KŐĞŶĞƋƵĞƐſƐĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƋƵĂŶĚŽĞŵĚŽƐĞ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ ĚĞ ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ͘ ŶĂůŝƐĞ ĂƐ ĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ă
ĚƵƉůĂ͕ƉŽŝƐŶĂƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚĞƵŵĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ͕ĞůĞ ƐĞŐƵŝƌƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĚĞDĞŶĚĞů͘
ƐĞƚŽƌŶĂŝŶĂƚŝǀŽĠĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽƉŽƌ / – ŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ ĂǀĂŶĕŽƵ Ğ ŚŽũĞ ƚĞŵŽƐ ƵŵĂ
;Ϳ ;ͿĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ͘ ŝŶĨŝŶŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĂƌƚŝŐŽƐ Ğ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ŶĞƐƐĂ ĄƌĞĂ͕
;Ϳ ;ͿŚĞƚĞƌŽǌŝŐŽƚŽ͘ ƐĞŶĚŽDĞŶĚĞůĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽŽƉĂŝĚĂŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿƌĞĐĞƐƐŝǀŽ͘ WŽƌƋƵĞ
;Ϳ ;ͿŚŽŵŽǌŝŐŽƚŽ͘ // – ĞƐĐŽďƌŝƵ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ĐŽŝƐĂƐ ƌĞůĂƚŝǀĂƐ ă

ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ ƚĞŶĚŽ ƐĞƵƐ ĞƐƚƵĚŽƐ Ğ
ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŵ ĞƌǀŝůŚĂƐ ƌĞůĞǀąŶĐŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ž
Ϯ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂǀŝĚĂ͘
DĞŶĚĞů ĞǆƉůŝƋƵĞ Ž ƋƵĞ ĞůĞ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌŽƵ ĐŽŵŽ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽĚĞƐƐĂƐĂƐƐĞƌçõĞƐ͕ĂƐƐŝŶĂůĞĂŽƉçãŽ
ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĞŶƚĂůĞŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ&ϭ͘ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ Ɛ ĂƐƐĞƌçõĞƐ / Ğ // ƐãŽ ƉƌŽƉŽƐŝçõĞƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ͕ ŵĂƐ Ă // ŶãŽ é ƵŵĂ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂĚĂ/͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ Ɛ ĂƐƐĞƌçõĞƐ / Ğ // ƐãŽ ƉƌŽƉŽƐŝçõĞƐ
ϯ͘ K ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ĞƐĐŽůŚŝĚŽ Ğ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ͕ Ğ Ă // é ƵŵĂ ũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂ
ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ ĨŽŝ Ă ĞƌǀŝůŚĂͲĚĞͲĐŚĞŝƌŽ͘ KƐ ŵŽƚŝǀŽƐ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂĚĂ/͘
ƋƵĞ ůĞǀĂƌĂŵ DĞŶĚĞů Ă ĞƐĐŽůŚĞƌ ĞƐƐĂ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĂƐƐĞƌçãŽ / é ƵŵĂ ƉƌŽƉŽƐŝçãŽ
ĚĞƉůĂŶƚĂĨŽƌĂŵ͕ĞǆĐĞƚŽ͗ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ĞĂ//é ƵŵĂƉƌŽƉŽƐŝçãŽĨĂůƐĂ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ WƌŽĚƵǌŝƌ ƉĞƋƵĞŶŽ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ;Ϳ ;ͿĂƐƐĞƌçãŽ/é ƵŵĂƉƌŽƉŽƐŝçãŽĨĂůƐĂ͕Ğ
ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐĨĠƌƚĞŝƐ͘ Ă//é ƵŵĂƉƌŽƉŽƐŝçãŽǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂ͘

199
ϱ͘ ^ĞůĞĐŝŽŶĞĂůŐƵŵĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐŶŽƋƵĂĚƌŽƉĂƌĂ
ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂƌĂƐůĂĐƵŶĂƐĚĂĂĨŝƌŵĂĕĆŽƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ͗
Z^^/s/ͲWZ/D/ZͲKD/EE/Ͳ
'E^Ͳ^'hEͲ'Dd^ sK>hK
,/>/
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ>ĞŝĚĞDĞŶĚĞůĚŝǌƋƵĞĂƐ ;&Ϭϵ/ϭϬͲͿ ĞĨŝŶŝƌ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͕ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽ ƐĆŽ ĂƐĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐĚŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽ͗ĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͕
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ Ƶŵ ƉĂƌ ĚĞ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ĂŶĂƚŽŵŝĂ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĚĂ͕ ĞŵďƌŝŽůŽŐŝĂ
;ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͿ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ƐĞƉĂƌĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĚĂĞƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐďŝŽƋƵşŵŝĐĂƐ͘
ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚŽƐͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺĞƋƵĞ͕ĂƉſƐĂ
ĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ͕ĐĂĚĂĨĂƚŽƌĚĞƵŵŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐĞƵŶĞ K:dKKE,/DEdK
ĂŽĨĂƚŽƌĚĞŽƵƚƌŽŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽƵŵĂ sŝĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽͲ/ĚĞŝĂƐĞǀŽůƵĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƐ͘
ƌĞůĂĕĆŽĚĞͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺŽŶĚĞƵŵĂĚĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĠĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂĚĂ͘ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ĚĞĨŝŶŝĚĂ͕ Ğŵ
ƉŽƵĐĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽ
ϲ͘ hŵƌĂƚŽĚĂĐŽƌďƌĂŶĐĂĨŽŝĐƌƵǌĂĚŽĐŽŵĚƵĂƐ ĞĂĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕
ĨġŵĞĂƐ͘ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂĨġŵĞĂ ĞƌĂ ĚĂ ĐŽƌ ĐŝŶǌĂ͕ Ğ ƉŽĚĞŶĚŽ ŝŶĐůƵƐŝǀĞ ƉƌŽǀŽĐĂƌ Ž ƐƵƌŐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ
ƚĞǀĞϳĨŝůŚŽƚĞƐĚĂĐŽƌĐŝŶǌĂĞϲĨŝůŚŽƚĞƐĚĂĐŽƌ ŶŽǀĂƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ƉƌĞĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ͘
ďƌĂŶĐĂ͘:ĄĂŽƵƚƌĂĨġŵĞĂ͕ƚĂŵďĠŵĞƌĂĚĂĐŽƌ ĞƐƐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ Ă ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ
ďƌĂŶĐĂ͕ĞƚĞǀĞϭϰĨŝůŚŽƚĞƐ͕ƐĞŶĚŽƚŽĚŽƐĞůĞƐĚĂ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐĞŵŶŽƐƐŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂƉŽĚĞ
ĐŽƌĐŝŶǌĂ͘ƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĞƐƐĞƐĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐŵĂƌƋƵĞ ƐĞƌĞǆƉůŝĐĂĚĂƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĞƐƐĂƚĞŽƌŝĂ͘
Ă ŽƉĕĆŽ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƚĠŵŽƐŐĞŶſƚŝƉŽƐ ĚŽ ŵĂĐŚŽ͕
ĚĂ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ Ğ ĚĂ ƐĞŐƵŶĚĂ ĨġŵĞĂ
ƌĞƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ
;Ϳ ;Ϳďď͕ď͕͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳď͕ďď͕ďď͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳ͕ďď͕ďď͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳďď͕͕ďď͘
&ŝŐƵƌĂ ϴ͘ ĂƌǁŝŶ Ğ tĂůůĂĐĞ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗

фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚŝŶǇƵƌů͘ĐŽŵͬǇϯϱǌϲϱϵĂх /E>hW/dhZ
Η͗ͰͰǀĂƌͰͰĨŽůĚĞƌƐͰͰďϴͰͰƐŬŵǁŵǁͺĚϬϭƋϭŶŶŐϱĚͺŐϴďĨĐ
ϴϬϬϬϬŐŶͰͰdͰͰĐŽŵ͘ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽĨƚ͘tŽƌĚͰͰtĞďƌĐŚŝǀĞŽƉǇ
WĂƐƚĞdĞŵƉ&ŝůĞƐͰͰƉŝĐĂƐŝŽŶ͘ĐŽŵͺĚϯĚϴϯϱϳϮϴĞĚϮĞϲϱĨϵĂ

200
ďϵϵϰĂϲĨϴĚϳϲϲϮϱ͘ũƉŐΗͰΎDZ'&KZDd͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ ƉŽĚĞŶĚŽĂŐŝƌĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĂƌĞĚƵǌŝƌŽƵĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ
ϬϰŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϬ͘
ĂǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ͘
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽƉŽƌŵĞŝŽĚĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬďŝŽůŽŐŝĂͬĞǀŽůƵĐĂŽ͘Śƚŵ
ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƉŽƌŚĂƌůĞƐĂƌǁŝŶĞůĨƌĞĚtĂůůĂĐĞ͕ хĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϬϮĚĞĨĞǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ

ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐƋƵĞŽƐƚŽƌŶĂŵŵĂŝƐ
ǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ
ĂƉƚŽƐ Ă ǀŝǀĞƌ Ğŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ƚġŵ
ŵĂŝƐ ƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƐĞ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌ Ğ ŐĞƌĂƌ
^ĆŽ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ĂƐ ĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ
ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘ YƵĂŶĚŽ ƚĂŝƐ ǀĂŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ ƐĆŽ
ƋƵĞƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂŵĞƐƐĂƚĞŽƌŝĂ͘ŶƚƌĞĂƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ͕
ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ͕ĂƉƌŽůĞƉŽĚĞƌĄĂĚƋƵŝƌŝͲůĂ͕ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ
ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĐŝƚĂƌŽƌĞŐŝƐƚƌŽĨſƐƐŝů͕ĂƐŚŽŵŽůŽŐŝĂƐ
ĐŽŵƋƵĞ͕ĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ŵĂŝŽƌŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞ
ĞĂƐĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐĐĞůƵůĂƌĞƐĞŵŽůĞĐƵůĂƌĞƐ͘
ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ ĚĂƋƵĞůĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ Ă ƉŽƐƐƵĂ͕ ĐŽŵ
Ɛ ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂƐ ƐƵŐĞƌĞŵ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ
ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞ ŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƐŽĨƌĞƌĂŵ ŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞƐĚĞ Ž
ŐůŽďĂŝƐ ĚĂƋƵĞůĂ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ͘ ^Žď ĞƐƚĂ ſƚŝĐĂ͕
ƐĞƵƐƵƌŐŝŵĞŶƚŽŶŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂĂƚĠŽƐĚŝĂƐĂƚƵĂŝƐĞ
ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ ŵĞŶŽƐ ĂƉƚŽƐ ƚĞŶĚĞŵ Ă
ƋƵĞĂůŐƵŶƐŶĆŽĨŽƌĂŵĐĂƉĂǌĞƐĚĞƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞƌăƐ
ĚĞƐĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƌ͕ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶĚŽ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ
ƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐ ĞǆĞƌĐŝĚĂƐ ƉĞůŽ ŵĞŝŽ Ğ ĂĐĂďĂƌĂŵ
ŵĂŝƐďĞŵͲĂĚĂƉƚĂĚĂĂŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͘
ƐĞŶĚŽ ĞǆƚŝŶƚŽƐ͘ ŝĂŶƚĞ ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ Ġ ĨĄĐŝů ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌ
ƐƚĞ ĨĂƚŽ ũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ Ă ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ
ƋƵĞŽƐƐĞƌĞƐǀŝǀŽƐƋƵĞŚŽũĞŚĂďŝƚĂŵŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂ
ŶĆŽ ĚĞǀĞ ƐĞƌ ǀŝƐƚĂ ĐŽŵŽ ƐŝŶƀŶŝŵŽ ĚĞ
ŶĆŽƐĆŽŽƐŵĞƐŵŽƐƋƵĞŚĂďŝƚĂǀĂŵŵŝůŚĂƌĞƐĚĞ
ƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐŽ͕ ũĄ ƋƵĞ ƵŵĂ ŵĞƐŵĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ
ĂŶŽƐĂƚƌĄƐ͘
ƋƵĞ ŐĂƌĂŶƚĞ Ž ƐƵĐĞƐƐŽ͕ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ
Ɛ ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂƐ ƐĆŽ ďĞŵͲĂĐĞŝƚĂƐ
ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞ ŶĆŽ ƐĞƌ ƚĆŽ ĨĂǀŽƌĄǀĞů Ğŵ
ŶŽƐĚŝĂƐĂƚƵĂŝƐĞĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĞŶƵŵĞƌĂƌĂůŐƵŵĂƐ
ŽƵƚƌŽŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ͘YƵĂŶƚŽĂŝƐƐŽ͕ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕
ĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂŵ͘ ƐĞŐƵŝƌ
ĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĂͲƐĞƋƵĞĂĂŶĞŵŝĂĨĂůĐŝĨŽƌŵĞƐƵƌŐŝƵŶĂ
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌĞŵŽƐĂůŐƵŶƐƉŽŶƚŽƐŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐƋƵĞ
ĨƌŝĐĂ͕ ŚĄ ŵŝůŚƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĂŶŽƐ ĂƚƌĄƐ͘ ŽŵŽ
ŶŽƐ ĂũƵĚĂŵ Ă ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ
ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐĐŽŵĂĚŽĞŶĕĂĨĂůĐŝĨŽƌŵĞĞƌĂŵŵĂŝƐ
ƌĞĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ƐŽĨƌĞƌĂŵ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚŽƐ
ƌĞƐŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ ă ŵĂůĄƌŝĂ͖ ƉŽƌ ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕
ĂŶŽƐ͘
ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂƐ ŚĞŵĄĐŝĂƐ ŶŽƌŵĂŝƐ ƚŝŶŚĂŵ
ŵĂŝƐĐŚĂŶĐĞƐĚĞŶĆŽƌĞƐŝƐƚŝƌăƉĂƌĂƐŝƚŽƐĞ͘
ǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐĨſƐƐĞŝƐ
ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů Ġ ĂƉĞŶĂƐ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ
KƐ ĨſƐƐĞŝƐ ŶĂĚĂ ŵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ
ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽƐ͘ ^ĞůĞĕĆŽ
ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĂƚĞƐƚĂŵ ƋƵĞ Ă ǀŝĚĂ ĐŽŵŽ
ƐĞǆƵĂů͕ ĚĞƌŝǀĂ ŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ͕ ŵƵƚĂĕĆŽ͕
ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŵŽƐ ŚŽũĞ ŶĆŽ Ġ ŝŐƵĂů ă ǀŝĚĂ ŶŽƐ
ƌĞĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽĞĨůƵǆŽŐĞŶĠƚŝĐŽƐĆŽŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕

201
ƚĞŵƉŽƐ ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽƐ͘ ůĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽƐ ,ŽŵŽůŽŐŝĂƐĞĂŶĂůŽŐŝĂƐ

ĐŽŵŽ ƌĞƐƚŽƐ ŽƵ ǀĞƐƚşŐŝŽƐ ĚĞ ƐĞƌĞƐ ǀŝǀŽƐ ƋƵĞ KƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ǀŝǀŽƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ
ĨŝĐĂƌĂŵ ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ ƌŽĐŚĂƐ͕ ŐĞůŽ͕ ąŵďĂƌ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƚŽƌŶĂŵ ƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐ Ă
ŽƵ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ͘ ůŐƵŶƐ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌĞƐ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƐƵŐĞƌŝƌ ƋƵĞ͕ Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŵ
ĂĐĞŝƚĂŵ Ă ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĨſƐƐĞŝƐ ĚĞǀĞŵ ƚĞƌ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚĂ ǀŝĚĂ ŶĂ dĞƌƌĂ͕ ĞůĞƐ
ŵĂŝƐĚĞϭϬŵŝůĂŶŽƐĚĞŝĚĂĚĞƉĂƌĂƐĞƌĞŵĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵƉĂƌƚŝůŚĂƌĂŵ Ƶŵ ĂŶĐĞƐƚƌĂů Ğŵ ĐŽŵƵŵ͘
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƐ͘ YƵĂŶĚŽ ĂŶĂůŝƐĂŵŽƐ ŽƐ ŵĞŵďƌŽƐ ĚĞ Ƶŵ
ĐƌŽĐŽĚŝůŽ Ğ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƌĂƚŽ͕ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕
ƉĞƌĐĞďĞŵŽƐƋƵĞĞůĞƐ͕ĂƉĞƐĂƌĚĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂŶĂ
ŵŽƌĨŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ ƐĆŽ ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ ƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ
ĂŶĂƚŽŵŝĂ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƐƵŐĞƌĞ ƋƵĞ ĞůĞƐ ƉŽƐƐĂŵ
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌ ĂůŐƵŵ ƉĂƌĞŶƚĞƐĐŽ͘ EĞƐƐĞ ĐĂƐŽ͕
ĚŝǌĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ă ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ Ġ ŚŽŵſůŽŐĂ͕ ŽƵ
ƐĞũĂ͕ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ĞŵďƌŝŽŶĄƌŝĂ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞ͕
ŵĂƐŶĞŵƐĞŵƉƌĞĞǆĞƌĐĞĂŵĞƐŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ͘
&ŝŐƵƌĂϵ͘&ſƐƐĞŝƐ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƚŝŶǇƵƌů͘ĐŽŵͬǇϮŽϵůƋƌďхĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϬϮĚĞĨĞǀ͘
ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘/E>hW/dhZ͘
KƐĨſƐƐĞŝƐƐĆŽĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ
ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ƌĞŐŝƐƚƌŽ ŵŽƐƚƌĂ
ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ ǀĞŵŽƐ ŚŽũĞ͘ ƐƐĞ Ġ Ž ĐĂƐŽ
ĚŽƐ ĚŝŶŽƐƐĂƵƌŽƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ƐĞƵ ƌĞŐŝƐƚƌŽ
ďĞŵ ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚĂĚŽ ŶŽƐ ĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ &ŝŐƵƌĂϭϬ͘ŶĂůŽŐŝĂĞ,ŽŵŽůŽŐŝĂ͘ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŵƵŶĚŽĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬďŝŽůŽŐŝĂͬĂŶĂůŽŐŝĂ
ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŽƐ ŽƐƐŽƐ͕ ƉĞŐĂĚĂƐ͕ ĚĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ĂƚĠ ͲŚŽŵŽůŽŐŝĂ͘Śƚŵ/E>hW/dhZ
Η͗ͰͰǀĂƌͰͰĨŽůĚĞƌƐͰͰďϴͰͰƐŬŵǁŵǁͺĚϬϭƋϭŶŶŐϱĚͺŐϴďĨĐϴϬ
ŵĞƐŵŽĨĞǌĞƐĨŽƐƐŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐĚĞƐƐĞƐĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͘sĂůĞ ϬϬϬŐŶͰͰdͰͰĐŽŵ͘ŵŝĐƌŽƐŽĨƚ͘tŽƌĚͰͰtĞďƌĐŚŝǀĞŽƉǇWĂƐƚ
ĞdĞŵƉ&ŝůĞƐͰͰƉŝĐĂƐŝŽŶ͘ĐŽŵͺĚϯ
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƋƵĞ͕ ŶŽƐ ĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͕ Ġ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů
ǀĞƌŝĨŝĐĂƌĞƐƚĄŐŝŽƐŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĄƌŝŽƐƋƵĞŵŽƐƚƌĂŵ
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ƐĞƌĞƐ ĂŶĐĞƐƚƌĂŝƐ Ğ ƐĞƵƐ ůŐƵŵĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ͕ ŶŽ ĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĂƐ
ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ŵĂƐ

ĂŶĂůŝƐĂŶĚŽͲƐĞĂŽƌŝŐĞŵĞŵďƌŝŽŶĄƌŝĂ͕ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲ
ƐĞ ƋƵĞ ĞůĂƐ ƐĆŽ ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ ĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐ͘ ƐƐĞ ĐĂƐŽ

202
ƉŽĚĞƐĞƌǀĞƌŝĨŝĐĂĚŽ͕ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ĂŽĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌĂ ƐĞŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂ͕ ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ƚĞŵŽƐ

ĂƐĂ ĚŽ ŵŽƌĐĞŐŽ Ğ Ă ĂƐĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƉĄƐƐĂƌŽ͕ ƋƵĞ͕ ĂŶĐĞƐƚƌĂŝƐ Ğŵ ĐŽŵƵŵ͘ ŶĂůŝƐĂŶĚŽ Ž ŶşǀĞů
ĂƉĞƐĂƌĚĞƐĞƌĞŵƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐĞŵĨƵŶĕĆŽ͕ƐĆŽ ŵŽůĞĐƵůĂƌ͕ Ġ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌ ĂŝŶĚĂ ĂƐ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĂŶĂƚŽŵŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ hŵĂ ĂŶĄůŝƐĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĐŽŶƚŝĚĂƐ Ğŵ ŶŽƐƐŽ E Ğ ĂƐ
ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚĂƉĞƌŵŝƚĞ ĐŽŶĐůƵŝƌ͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐĞŶƚƌĞĂƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ͘
ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƉŽƵĐŽ ĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ͘ EĞƐƐĞ ĐĂƐŽ͕ ƐƐŝŵ ƐĞŶĚŽ͕ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐ
ĚŝǌĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĂŶĄůŽŐĂƐ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ďĂƐĞƐ ƐſůŝĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ
ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ŵĞƐŵĂ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŵĂĨŝƌŵĂƌĐŽŵĐŽŶǀŝĐĕĆŽƋƵĞŽƐƐĞƌĞƐ
ĞŵďƌŝŽŶĄƌŝĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ͘ ƐŽĨƌĞŵ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ͘ ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐ
ĚŝǀĞƌŐĞŵĞŵĐŽŵŽĞƐƐĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐŽĐŽƌƌĞŵ͘
MƌŐĆŽƐǀĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŝƐ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŵƵŶĚŽĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬďŝŽůŽŐŝĂͬĞǀŝĚĞŶĐŝ
KƐ ſƌŐĆŽƐ ǀĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ
ĂƐͲĞǀŽůƵĐĂŽ͘ŚƚŵхĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϬϮĚĞĨĞǀ͘ĚĞϮϬϮϮ͘
ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŵ ĂƚƌŽĨŝĂĚĂƐ Ğ ƐĞŵ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞ
Ğŵ Ƶŵ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽ͘ ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ſƌŐĆŽƐ
ƉŽĚĞƐĞƌŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĚĂĐŽŵŽƵŵĂĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂĚĂ
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͕ƵŵĂ ǀĞǌ ƋƵĞĂ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ͕ ŚŽũĞ ƐĞŵ
ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉŽĚĞ ƚĞƌ ƐŝĚŽ ŶŽ
ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ ĞǆƚƌĞŵĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ
sĂŵŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ŵĂŝƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ
ĂŶĐĞƐƚƌĂŝƐĚĂƋƵĞůĂĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ͘
ĚĞ ĂƌǁŝŶ͍ ^Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĂƐƐŝƐƚĂ ĂŽ ǀşĚĞŽ
ĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůƉĞůŽůŝŶŬŽƵYZĐŽĚĞĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗
ǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐĐĞůƵůĂƌĞƐĞŵŽůĞĐƵůĂƌĞƐ
EĞǁƐ ƌĂƐŝů͘ K ƋƵĞ Ġ Ă ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĚĂ
ůĠŵ ĚĞ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĞƐĐƌŝƚĂƐ ĂĐŝŵĂ͕
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŚĂƌůĞƐ ĂƌǁŝŶ Ğ Ž ƋƵĞ ŝŶƐƉŝƌŽƵ
ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌĂƐƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚĂƐ
ƐƵĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ ƌĞǀŽůƵĐŝŽŶĄƌŝĂƐ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ŶŽƐƐĞƌĞƐǀŝǀŽƐĂŶşǀĞůĐĞůƵůĂƌĞŵŽůĞĐƵůĂƌ͘ŵ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсĂŵďE
ǀŝƌƚƵĚĞ ĚŽ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐ
/,ũ/͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϯϬŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ͘
ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂƐ͕ ĨŝĐŽƵ ĨĄĐŝů ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ĂƐ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ĚŽƐ
ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐĞĂƐƐƵďƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐƋƵĞĂƐĐŽŵƉƁĞŵ͘
YƵĂŶĚŽ ĨĂůĂŵŽƐ Ğŵ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ͕ Ġ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů
ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌƋƵĞĞǆŝƐƚĞŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐĞŶƚƌĞƵŵƚŝƉŽ
ĐĞůƵůĂƌ Ğ ŽƵƚƌŽ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƐĆŽ ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ ƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐ͘ ůĠŵ
ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ĠĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůĐŝƚĂƌƋƵĞƚŽĚŽƐŽƐƐĞƌĞƐ
ǀŝǀŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵşĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ͕

203
; Ϳ ^ĆŽ ƌĞƐƚŽƐ ŽƵ ǀĞƐƚşŐŝŽƐ ĚĞ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ

ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƐƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵĞŵŵĂŝƐĚĞϭϬŵŝůĂŶŽƐ
Ğ ĨŽƌŶĞĐĞŵ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ă
ϭ͘ ƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ Ă ŵĞƐŵĂ ŽƌŝŐĞŵ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽĚĂǀŝĚĂ͘
ĞŵďƌŝŽŶĄƌŝĂ Ğ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞ ;Ϳ^ĆŽĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐƉŽƵĐŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂƐĞƐĞŵ
Ğŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ͕ ĞŵďŽƌĂ Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂ ŶŽ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ž
ĐĂƐŽƐ ƉŽƐƐĂ ĞǆĞƌĐĞƌ ĨƵŶĕƁĞƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ Ğŵ ĂƉġŶĚŝĐĞǀĞƌŵŝĨŽƌŵĞĞŽĐſĐĐŝƐ͘
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ŽƐ ŵĞŵďƌŽƐ
ĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ ĚĞ ǀĞƌƚĞďƌĂĚŽƐ ƚĞƌƌĞƐƚƌĞƐ͕ ƐĆŽ ϰ͘ ^ĆŽ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ĂƐ ĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ƋƵĞ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐĚĞ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂŵĞƐƐĂƚĞŽƌŝĂ͘ŶĂůŝƐĞĂƐĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĂ
;Ϳ ;ͿĂŶĄůŽŐĂƐ͘ ƐĞŐƵŝƌƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂƐăďŝŽůŽŐŝĂĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂ͗
;Ϳ ;ͿĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ͘ / – KƐ ſƌŐĆŽƐ ǀĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŝƐ͕ƉŽƌ ƐĞƌĞŵ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ
;Ϳ ;ͿſƌŐĆŽƐǀĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŝƐ͘ ĂƚƌŽĨŝĂĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ƉŽƵĐŽ
;Ϳ ;ͿŚŽŵſůŽŐĂƐ͘ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂ͕ŶĆŽƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽ
ĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͘
Ϯ͘ ŽŵĞŶƚĞ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ ĚĂ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ // – ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĂ ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕
ĚĞĂƌǁŝŶƉĂƌĂĂďŝŽůŽŐŝĂĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂ͘ ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐƋƵĞŽƐƚŽƌŶĂŵŵĂŝƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂƉƚŽƐ Ă ǀŝǀĞƌ Ğŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ƚġŵ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŵĂŝƐ ƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƐĞ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌ Ğ ŐĞƌĂƌ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ /// – KƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ǀŝǀŽƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƚŽƌŶĂŵ ƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐ Ă
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƐƵŐĞƌŝƌ ƋƵĞ͕ Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŵ
ϯ͘ ZĞůĂĐŝŽŶĞ ŽƐ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ ă ƐƵĂ ĚĞĨŝŶŝĕĆŽ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚĂ ǀŝĚĂ ŶĂ dĞƌƌĂ͕ ĞůĞƐ
ĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂ͘ ĐŽŵƉĂƌƚŝůŚĂƌĂŵƵŵĂŶĐĞƐƚƌĂůĞŵĐŽŵƵŵ͘
;Ϳ &ſƐƐĞŝƐ YƵĂŝƐĞƐƚĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƚĂƐ͍
;Ϳ MƌŐĆŽƐsĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŝƐ ;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ/͘
;Ϳ ǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐDŽůĞĐƵůĂƌĞƐ ;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ//͘
; Ϳ ^ĆŽ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĂƐ ;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ//Ğ///͘
ďĂƐĞƐ ŶŝƚƌŽŐĞŶĂĚĂƐ ĚŽƐ ĄĐŝĚŽƐ ŶƵĐůĞŝĐŽƐ ŽƵ ;Ϳ ;ͿƉĞŶĂƐ/Ğ///͘
ƋƵĂŶƚŽŵĂŝŽƌĂƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂĞŶƚƌĞĂƐƉƌŽƚĞşŶĂƐ
ĚĞƐƚĂƐĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ͕ŵĂŝŽƌŽƉĂƌĞŶƚĞƐĐŽ͘

204
ϱ͘ “Nada na biologia faz sentido, exceto pela ĐĂĚĂ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŶĆŽ ŚĄ ĨĂůŚĂƐ ŶŽ
luz da evolução.” Esta frase, título do artigo ƌĞŐŝƐƚƌŽĨſƐƐŝů͘
ƉƵďůŝĐĂĚŽ Ğŵ ϭϵϳϯ͕ ĚŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ ;Ϳ ;ͿŽŵŽƵƐŽĚŽƐĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͕ĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĂƚĠ
dŚĞŽĚŽƐŝƵƐ ŽďǌŚĂŶƐŬǇ͕ ĐƌĞĚŝƚĂ ă ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ŵĞƐŵŽ ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌ ĂƐ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ
ƚŽĚĂĂƐƵĂƌĞůĞǀąŶĐŝĂ͘KƋƵĞdŚĞŽĚŽƐŝƵƐƋƵŝƐ ĐůŝŵĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂ ĠƉŽĐĂ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ĂƋƵĞůĞ
ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƌĐŽŵĞƐƐĂĐĠůĞďƌĞĨƌĂƐĞĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂă ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽǀŝǀĞƵ͘
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽďŝŽůſŐŝĐĂ͍ ;Ϳ ;ͿWĂƌĂĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌĂŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƵŵĨſƐƐŝů͕
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵ Ž
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŵĠƚŽĚŽĚĞĚĂƚĂĕĆŽĐŽŵŚŝĚƌŽŐġŶŝŽϭ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ^>KEdhZ>
,/>/
ϲ͘ EŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐŽ͕ ĂƐ ŚŝƉſƚĞƐĞƐ ƐĆŽ ;&Ϭϵ/ϭϭͿŝƐĐƵƚŝƌĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĞĂĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĂƐ
ĞůĂďŽƌĂĚĂƐĐŽŵŽƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƐƉĂƌĂĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐĐŽŵďĂƐĞŶĂĂƚƵĂĕĆŽĚĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂů
ƉĞƌŐƵŶƚĂƐĂĐĞƌĐĂĚĞƵŵĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽ͘ ƐŽďƌĞ ĂƐ ǀĂƌŝĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ŵĞƐŵĂ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ͕
YƵĂŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ŚŝƉſƚĞƐĞ Ġ ĐŽŶĨŝƌŵĂĚĂ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞƐĚĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƌĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀŽ͘
ǀĞǌĞƐ͕ƉŽƌĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐĞͬŽƵƵŵĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ
ĚĞĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ͕ĞůĂƚĞŵŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĐŚĂŶĐĞƐĚĞƐĞ K:dKKE,/DEdK
ƚŽƌŶĂƌ ƵŵĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ͘ KƐ ĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ƌĞƐƚŽƐ sŝĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽͲ/ĚĞŝĂƐĞǀŽůƵĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƐ͘
ŽƵ ǀĞƐƚşŐŝŽƐ ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƐ ĚĂ ĞǆŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ

ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů Ġ Ƶŵ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ
ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ǀŝǀĞƌĂŵ ŶŽ ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ͕ ŶŽƐ
ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽĚĞĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽƉƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƉŽƌĂƌǁŝŶ͘
ĂƵǆŝůŝĂŵŶĞƐƐĂŝŶǀĞƐƚŝŐĂĕĆŽĚĂǀŝĚĂŶŽƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ
ůĂ ŐĂƌĂŶƚĞ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĂƉƚŽƐ Ă
ĞŶŽƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ͘ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽĚŽƐĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͕ŵĂƌƋƵĞ
ǀŝǀĞƌ Ğŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ƐĞũĂŵ
ĂĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗
ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ KƐ ĨſƐƐĞŝƐ ĞǀŝĚĞŶĐŝĂŵ ƋƵĞ͕ ŚĄ
ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů Ġ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ
ŵŝůŚĂƌĞƐ ĚĞ ĂŶŽƐ͕ ĂƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ
ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͘ Ğ ƵŵĂ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ
ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐĞƌĂŵŝŐƵĂŝƐăƐĂƚƵĂŝƐ͘
ďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĚŝǌĞƌƋƵĞĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚŽƐ ĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͕ Ġ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů
ŶĂƚƵƌĂůĠƵŵƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĞŵƋƵĞŽƐŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ
ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌ ĐůĂƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ

205
ŵĂŝƐ ĂƉƚŽƐ ƐĆŽ ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ͕ ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞŵ ŶŽ ƚĞƌ ǀĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͘ ^Ğŵ
ŵĞŝŽ͕ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵͲƐĞ Ğ ƉĂƐƐĂŵ ƐƵĂƐ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂŝƐ͕ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĆŽ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĂŽƐƐĞƵƐĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂĂƚƵĂƌ͘
ZĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĚĂ͗ KƐ
dĞŽƌŝĂĚĂ^ĞůĞĕĆŽEĂƚƵƌĂů ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽƐ Ă ƵŵĂ ƌĞŐŝĆŽ
ƚĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂůĨŽŝƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵͲƐĞĐŽŵŵĂŝŽƌĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƋƵĞŽƐ
ƉŽƌŚĂƌůĞƐĂƌǁŝŶ͕ƵŵŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞŶĂƚƵƌĂůŝƐƚĂ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞƐǀĂŶƚĂũŽƐĂƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ
ƋƵĞ ŵƵĚŽƵ Ž ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ ůĞǀĂƌŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐăŵŽƌƚĞĂŶƚĞƐŵĞƐŵŽĚĞƐƵĂ
ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ ŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂŵͲƐĞ ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͘
^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ĞƐƐĞ ŶĂƚƵƌĂůŝƐƚĂ͕ ŚĄ ƵŵĂ ůƵƚĂ ,ĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͗ Ɛ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĞůĂ ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂ͕ Ğ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ǀĂŶƚĂũŽƐĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƉĂƐƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ
ŶĂƚƵƌĂů ĂƚƵĂ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ͘ ƐƐŝŵ ƐĞŶĚŽ͕ Ž ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ ƐƵĂ ĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ
ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽŵĂŝƐĂƉƚŽĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌŝĂƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞƌĞ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ͘ ƐƐĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ͕ ĐĂƐŽ
ƚĞƌŝĂ ŵĂŝƐ ĐŚĂŶĐĞƐ ĚĞ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌͲƐĞ͕ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĞĂŐĂƌĂŶƚŝƌǀĂŶƚĂŐĞŵĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂ͕ƐĞƌĄ
ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂŶĚŽ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ͕ ĂƐ ǀĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐ ƷƚĞŝƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƉĂƐƐĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ŐĞƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĂƚĠ ƋƵĞ Ă
ĐĂĚĂĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ͘sĂůĞĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌ͕ŶŽĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ƋƵĞ͕ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂĚĞƐǀĂŶƚĂũŽƐĂƐĞƚŽƌŶĞƌĂƌĂ͘
ĂƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌŵŽƐ ŽƐ ŐĞŶĞƐ Ğ ŽƐ
ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĞ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ ŚĂƌůĞƐ /ŵĂŐŝŶĞ ƋƵĞ ĞǆŝƐƚĂ ƵŵĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ĂƌǁŝŶ ŶĆŽ ŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĂ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ĚĞŝǆŽƵ ƵŵĂ ŵĂŵşĨĞƌŽƐ ďƌĂŶĐŽƐ Ğ ƉƌĞƚŽƐ ;ǀĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞͿ Ğ
ůĂĐƵŶĂ Ğŵ ƐĞƵ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĨŽŝ ƋƵĞ ĞůĞƐ ǀŝǀĂŵ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ƌĞŐŝĆŽ ĚĞ ŶĞǀĞ͘ KƐ
ƉŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞƉƌĞĞŶĐŚŝĚĂ͘ ŵĂŵşĨĞƌŽƐƉƌĞƚŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĨĂĐŝůŵĞŶƚĞ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ
ƉŽƌ ƉƌĞĚĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ŽĐŽƌƌĞ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ
ŽŵŽĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂůŽĐŽƌƌĞ͍ ďƌĂŶĐŽƐ͕ƋƵĞĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞŵĐĂŵƵĨůĂƌͲƐĞŶĂŶĞǀĞ͘
WĂƌĂƋƵĞĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂůŽĐŽƌƌĂ͕ƐĆŽ ŽŵŝƐƐŽ͕ŽďƐĞƌǀĂͲƐĞƵŵĂŵĞŶŽƌƉƌĞĚĂĕĆŽĚŽƐ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐĂůŐƵŶƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͗ǀĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĞŶƚƌĞ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ ďƌĂŶĐŽƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ŵĂŝƐ
ŽƐ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ͕ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĚĂ Ğ ĐŚĂŶĐĞƐ ĚĞ ĐŚĞŐĂƌ ă ŝĚĂĚĞ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀĂ
ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ ;ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĚĂͿ͘ EŽ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ
ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ǀĂŶƚĂũŽƐĂƐ ƐĆŽ
ƌĞƉĂƐƐĂĚĂƐƉĞůŽƐŐĞŶĞƐ;ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞͿƉĂƌĂ
ŽƐĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘ŽŵŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ĂƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚĞ ŵĂŵşĨĞƌŽƐ ďƌĂŶĐŽƐ͕ ŵĂŝƐ ďĞŵ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽƐ͕
sĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ͗ KƐ ƵůƚƌĂƉĂƐƐĂŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞŵĂŵşĨĞƌŽƐƉƌĞƚŽƐ͘
ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐĚĞƵŵĂŵĞƐŵĂĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƉƌĞĐŝƐĂŵ

206
ŵŽƌƌĞŵ͕ Ğ ŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĨŽƌƚĞƐ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞŵ

ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞƌ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĂƉƚŽƐ
sĂŵŽƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌŵĂŝƐ ƐŽďƌĞĂ ^ĞůĞĕĆŽ ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞŵ Ğ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞŵ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌ͕
EĂƚƵƌĂů͍^ĞƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ĂƐƐŝƐƚĂĂŽǀşĚĞŽ͗ ĚĞŝǆĂŶĚŽĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ŝŽůŽŐŝĂ/ůƵƐƚƌĂĚĂ͘/ŶƚƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĂ^ĞůĞĕĆŽEĂƚƵƌĂů ;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŽƐ ƐĞƌĞƐ ǀŝǀĞŵ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ůƵƚĂ
ͮ ŶŝŵĂĕĆŽ͘ zŽƵƚƵďĞ͕ ϭϲ ĚĞ ŶŽǀ͘ ĚĞ ϮϬϮϬ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů
ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĞůĂ ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂ Ğ Ž ƋƵĞ
Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсĨŬϰũďYͲŝ>Ž͘
ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞĂůŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞ͘
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϯϬŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ͘
ϯ͘ ƐƐŝŶĂůĞ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐŝƚĞŶƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ĂƋƵĞůĞƋƵĞ
EKĞƐƚĄĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽăƚĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂů͗
;Ϳ ;Ϳ,ĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿhƐŽĞĞƐƵƐŽ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿsĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĞŶƚƌĞŽƐŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿZĞĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽŐġŶŝĐĂ͘
ϰ͘ ŽŵŽ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů ŽĐŽƌƌĞ͍ :ƵƐƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ

ϭ͘ ĂƌǁŝŶĂŽƉƌŽƉŽƌĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂů
ƐƵĂƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͘
ĚĞŝǆŽƵ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ůĂĐƵŶĂƐ͕ ƉƌĞĞŶĐŚŝĚĂƐ ĐŽŵ Ă
ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐŝŶƚĠƚŝĐĂĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͘YƵĂŝƐĨŽƌĂŵĞƐƐĂƐ
ůĂĐƵŶĂƐĞĐŽŵŽĨŽƌĂŵĞǆƉůŝĐĂĚĂƐ͍
ϱ͘ ŽŵƉůĞƚĞŽƚĞǆƚŽĐŽŵŽƐƚĞƌŵŽƐƋƵĞĨĂůƚĂŵ
ƉĂƌĂƋƵĞĞƐƚĞƚĞŶŚĂƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͘
Ϯ͘ ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů Ġ Ƶŵ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ
^W/– /E/s/h/^– sZ//>/–
ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽĚĞĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽƉƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƉŽƌĂƌǁŝŶ͘
ZdZ1^d/^– ,Z/dZ/
Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ ĞƐƐĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ͕ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĂĨŝƌŵĂƌ
ƋƵĞ͗
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĨŽƌƚĞƐ ĚĞ Ƶŵ / – WĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů ŽĐŽƌƌĂ͕ ƐĆŽ
ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞŵ͘ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͗ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽƐ

207
ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ͕ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĚĂĞ ;Ϳ ;ͿDŝŵĞƚŝƐŵŽ͘

ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͘
// – KƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ŵĞƐŵĂ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺƉƌĞĐŝƐĂŵƚĞƌǀĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐĞŵ
ƐƵĂƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͘ ^Ğŵ ĞƐƐĂƐ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͕ĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĆŽ
dKZ/^/Edd/sK>hK
ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂĂƚƵĂƌ͘
,/>/
ŝĚĞŝĂĚĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂůƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƉŽƌŚĂƌůĞƐ ;&Ϭϵ/ϭϭͲͿ ǆƉůŝĐĂƌ Ă dĞŽƌŝĂ ^ŝŶƚĠƚŝĐĂ ĚĂ
ĂƌǁŝŶ ĨŽŝ͕ ƐĞŵ ĚƷǀŝĚĂ͕ Ƶŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ĂǀĂŶĕŽ ǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͕ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽƐ ĚĞ
ƉĂƌĂ Ă ďŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͘ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ĂƌǁŝŶ͕ ĞƐƐĞ ǀĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ͘
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ
;Ϳ ;ͿĞƌĂƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞůƉĞůĂƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂ K:dKKE,/DEdK
ĚŽŵĂŝƐĨŽƌƚĞ͘ sŝĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽͲ/ĚĞŝĂƐĞǀŽůƵĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƐ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝƌŝĂ ƋƵĞ Ž ŵĂŝƐ ĨŽƌƚĞ ĨŽƐƐĞ

ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƉĞůŽŵĞŝŽ͘ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŐĂƌĂŶƚŝĂ Ă ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ;ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ ƉŽƌ ƐşŶƚĞƐĞ ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ͕
ĂƉƚŽƐ͘ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ŽƵ
;Ϳ ;ͿƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂǀĂŽƐƋƵĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂǀĂŵĂƐ ŶĞŽĚĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽͿ͕ ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞ ă ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ ĚĂ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐŵĂŝƐĚĞƐĨĂǀŽƌĄǀĞŝƐ͘ ƚĞŽƌŝĂĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͕ƋƵĞƚĞǀĞŝŶşĐŝŽĐŽŵĂĨƵƐĆŽ
ĚĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ ƐŽďƌĞ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ă ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĚĂ
ϲ͘ “Os organismos mais adaptados conseguem ƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂů͘
ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞƌ Ğ ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ŽƐ ƋƵĂŝƐ YƵĂŶĚŽ ĂƌǁŝŶ ƉƌŽƉƀƐ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ
ŚĞƌĚĂŵ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͘ KƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů ĐŽŵŽ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽ ĐŽŶĚƵƚŽƌ ĚŽ
ŵĞŶŽƐ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ŵĞŶŽƌ ĐŚĂŶĐĞ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽ͕ ĞůĞ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƵ ƋƵĞ Ƶŵ
ĚĞ ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂ Ğ͕ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĚĞ ĚŽƐ ƐĞƵƐ ƉƌĠͲƌĞƋƵŝƐŝƚŽƐ ĞƌĂ Ă ǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽ ŶĂƐ
reprodução.” ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŚĞƌĚĄǀĞŝƐ ĚŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ͘ EŽ
ƐƐĂĨƌĂƐĞƐĞƌĞĨĞƌĞĂƵŵĚŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐƉŽŶƚŽƐ ĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĂƌǁŝŶ ŶĆŽ ƉŽĚĞ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌ
ĚĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂ ƉŽƌ ŚĂƌůĞƐ ĂƌǁŝŶ͕ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂŵ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĚĞ͗ ƉĂƐƐĂƌƚĂŝƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐăƉƌŽůĞ͕ƉŽŝƐƐĞƋƵĞƌ
;Ϳ ;ͿDƵƚĂĕĆŽ͘ ƚŝŶŚĂĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐŽďƌĞŐĞŶĞƐ͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳ^ĞůĞĕĆŽEĂƚƵƌĂů͘ ůŐƵŶƐ ĂŶŽƐ ĂƉſƐ Ă ƉƵďůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƐĞƵ
;Ϳ ;ͿĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽ͘ ůŝǀƌŽ KƌŝŐĞŵ ĚĂƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ ;Ğŵ ϭϴϱϵͿ͕ Ž

208
ŵŽŶŐĞĂƵƐƚƌşĂĐŽ'ƌĞŐŽƌDĞŶĚĞů͕ĐŽŵďĂƐĞĞŵ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĂĚĂƉƚĂƚŝǀĂƐ͘

&ŽŶƚĞ͗ŽƐĂƵƚŽƌĞƐ͕ϮϬϮϯ͘
ƐĞƵƐĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĐŽŵĞƌǀŝůŚĂƐ͕ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐŽƵŽƐ
ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐƉĞůŽƐƋƵĂŝƐƐĞĚĄĂƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ
ƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂƐşŶƚĞƐĞŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ͕ŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ
ĚĂƐ ƵŶŝĚĂĚĞƐ ŚĞƌĚĄǀĞŝƐ ;ƋƵĞ ŚŽũĞ ĐŚĂŵĂŵŽƐ
ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽ ƉĂƐƐŽƵ Ă ƐĞƌ ĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽ
ĚĞ ŐĞŶĞƐͿ ă ƉƌŽůĞ Ğ ƉƌŽƉƀƐ ĚƵĂƐ ůĞŝƐ ĚĞ
ŵĂƚĞŵĂƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ;ůĞŝ ĚĂ ƐĞŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽ Ğ ůĞŝ ĚĂ
ĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂĚĞŐĞŶĞƐŶĂƐƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐĂŽůŽŶŐŽ
ƐĞŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽ ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞͿ͘ ^ĞƵƐ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐ
ĚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ WŽƌ ǀŽůƚĂ ĚĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϵϰϬ Ž
ĨŽƌĂŵ ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ ă
ŶĞŽĚĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽ – ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂƌ Ž
ĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂĞŵϭϴϲϱ͘
ŶƷĐůĞŽ ĚĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂ – ũĄ ŚĂǀŝĂ ƐĞ
Hoje Mendel é considerado o “pai da
ĞƐƉĂůŚĂĚŽƉŽƌƚŽĚĂƐĂƐĄƌĞĂƐĚĂďŝŽůŽŐŝĂĞƐĞ
genética”, mas suas descobertas passaram
ƚŽƌŶĂĚŽ ĂŵƉůĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĂĐĞŝƚŽ͘ EĂƐ ĚĠĐĂĚĂƐ
ĚĞƐƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚĂƐĚƵƌĂŶƚĞƚŽĚĂĂƐƵĂǀŝĚĂĞĂƐƐŝŵ
ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ Ă ďŝŽůŽŐŝĂ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵŽƵ ƐĞ
ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĐĞƌĂŵ ĂƚĠ ϭϵϬϬ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĨŽƌĂŵ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ Ğ ĨŽŝ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂŶĚŽ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ
“redescobertas”. Inicialmente pensavaͲƐĞƋƵĞ
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽƐ ĐŽŵƉĂƚşǀĞŝƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ƐşŶƚĞƐĞ
ĞůĂƐ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŝĂǀĂŵ ĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƌǁŝŶ͕ ŵĂƐ͕
ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ͘ ŵĂŝŽƌ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽƐ ƉƌĞƐƐƵƉŽƐƚŽƐĚĂ
ŶŽƐ ĂŶŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƐĞŐƵŝƌĂŵ͕ ĨŽŝ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂĚŽ
ƐşŶƚĞƐĞ ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂ ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů ƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂ ĂƚĠ ŽƐ
ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ůĂĐƵŶĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĞǆŝƐƚŝĂŵ ŶĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĚĂ
ĚŝĂƐĂƚƵĂŝƐĞĞǆŝƐƚĞƵŵĂĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƋƵĞĚĞĨĞŶĚĞ
ƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂůĞƌĂŵƉƌĞĞŶĐŚŝĚĂƐƉŽƌĞůĂƐ͘
ƋƵĞ Ă ďŝŽůŽŐŝĂ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀĂ ĐĂƌĞĐĞ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ŶŽǀĂ
ƐşŶƚĞƐĞ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŶĞŐůŝŐĞŶĐŝĂ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ͘
фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŝŶĨŽĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ĐŽŵͬďŝŽůŽŐŝĂͬƚĞŽƌŝĂͲ
ŵŽĚĞƌŶĂͲĚĂͲĞǀŽůƵĐĂŽͬхĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϬϲŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϬ͘
YƵĞƌĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌŵĂŝƐƐŽďƌĞ^ĞůĞĕĆŽEĂƚƵƌĂů
&ŝŐƵƌĂ ϭϭ͘ &ĂƚŽƌĞƐ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ƌĞĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽ Ğ Ă ŵƵƚĂĕĆŽ
ŐġŶŝĐĂ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵĞŵ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ǀĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ Ğ ĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽ͍ ^Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕ ĂƐƐŝƐƚĂ ĂŽ ǀşĚĞŽ
ƐĞƌĞƐǀŝǀŽƐ͘KƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ŐĞŶſƚŝƉŽƐ͕ƐŽďŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂĚŽ
ĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůŶŽůŝŶŬŽƵƉĞůŽYZĐŽĚĞĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗
ŵĞŝŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͕ĚĆŽŽƌŝŐĞŵĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĨĞŶſƚŝƉŽƐƋƵĞ
ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƉŽƐƚĂƐ ĨƌĞŶƚĞ ă KƌŝŐĞŶƐ Ed͘ ^ĞůĞĕĆŽ EĂƚƵƌĂů Ğ ĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽ ͮ
ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͘ KƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽƐ ăƐ
&ŝůŽƐŽĨŝĂĚĂƐKƌŝŐĞŶƐηϯ͘zŽƵƚƵďĞ͕ϮϯĚĞũƵůŚŽĚĞϮϬϭϲ͘
ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂŝƐ ŵŽŵĞŶƚąŶĞĂƐ Ğ ůŽĐĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ
ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ŵĂŝŽƌ ĐŚĂŶĐĞ ĚĞ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞƌĞŵ͕ ƐĞ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌĞŵ Ğ ĚĞŝǆĂƌĞŵ

209
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсŚĞǁ/ď/ϳϭŝ͘ ĐĞƐ ; Ϳ WŽƐƐƵŝĐŽŵŽƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽƐĂ

ƐŽĞŵϯϬŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ͘
ŵƵƚĂĕĆŽ͕ Ă ƌĞĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽ ŐġŶŝĐĂ Ğ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ
ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͘
( ) Propõe as leis “Lei do Uso e do Desuso” e a
“Lei da Transmissão dos Caracteres
Adquiridos”.
; Ϳ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂ Ă ĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů
ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽƐ Ă
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽĞĐŽůſŐŝĐĂ͘
ϰ͘ ^ĞůĞĐŝŽŶĞ Ă ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂ ĂƐ

ϭ͘ YƵĂů ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞ ĐŽŵŽ ůĂĐƵŶĂƐĚĂƐĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ͗
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽƐ Ă ŵƵƚĂĕĆŽ͕ Ă /– ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐŝŶƚĠƚŝĐĂĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂǀĂă
ƌĞĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽŐġŶŝĐĂĞĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂů͍ ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ
ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂŵ Ž ƐƵƌŐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĂƐ
;Ϳ ;ͿĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽ͘ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ͗Ăͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͕ĂĚĞƌŝǀĂŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂĞ
;Ϳ ;ͿEĞŽĚĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽ͘ Ăͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳ>ĂŵĂƌĐŬŝƐŵŽ͘ //– KƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺƉĂƐƐŽƵĂƐĞƌ
;Ϳ ;ͿƌŝĂĐŝŽŶŝƐŵŽ͘ ĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽŵĂƚĞŵĂƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵŽĂǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĂ
ĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂĚĞͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺŶĂƐƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐĂŽ
Ϯ͘ A que o livro “A Origem das espécies” de ůŽŶŐŽĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘
ŚĂƌůĞƐĂƌǁŝŶƐĞƌĞĨĞƌĞ͍ ; Ϳ ůƵƚĂ – ŵƵƚĂĕĆŽ – ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂ –
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƌĞĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;ͿƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂ – ĞƐƚĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ – ŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ–
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŵƵƚĂĕĆŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;ͿĐŽŶĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂ– ŶŝĐŚŽ– ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ–
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽ͘
;ͿŵƵƚĂĕĆŽ– ŵŝŐƌĂĕĆŽ– ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽ– ŐĞŶĞƐ͘
ϯ͘ ZĞůĂĐŝŽŶĞ ĂƐ ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ăƐ ƐƵĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂƐ͘ ϱ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĞĂŝŵĂŐĞŵ͘
;Ϳ>ĂŵĂƌĐŬŝƐŵŽ
;ͿĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽ
;ͿEĞŽĚĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽ

210
ϳ͘ ƵƌĂŶƚĞŵƵŝƚŽƚĞŵƉŽĚĞĞƐƚƵĚŽƐŽĐŝĞŶƚŝƐƚĂ
_____________ lançou o livro “A origem das
espécies”, no qual propôs a evolução do ser
ŚƵŵĂŶŽ͘
ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ƋƵĞ ƉƌĞĞŶĐŚĞ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă
ůĂĐƵŶĂŶĂĨƌĂƐĞĠ͗
ƐƉĠĐŝĞ ĚĞ ďŝĐŚŽͲƉĂƵ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ;ͿŚĂƌůĞƐĂƌǁŝŶ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƐϮ͘ŐůďŝŵŐ͘ĐŽŵͬƉtϰYŬY/Ϯ'ďEWϱƉͲ ;ͿůďĞƌƚŝŶƐƚĞŝŶ͘
ĂƋDhŵEϴϰϯсͬϬǆϬ͗ϳϯϮǆϰϴϯͬϵϴϰǆϬͬƐŵĂƌƚͬĨŝůƚĞƌƐ͗Ɛƚƌŝ
;Ϳ/ƐĂĂĐEĞǁƚŽŶ͘
ƉͺŝĐĐ;Ϳͬŝ͘Ɛϯ͘ŐůďŝŵŐ͘ĐŽŵͬǀϭͬhd,ͺϱϵĞĚĚϰϮϮĐϬĐϴϰĂϴϳϵ
;Ϳ'ƌĞŐŽƌDĞŶĚĞů
ďĚϯϳϲϳϬĂĞϰĨϱϯϴĂͬŝŶƚĞƌŶĂůͺƉŚŽƚŽƐͬďƐͬϮϬϮϬͬŝͬŵͬďŶϭĨ
EYϲǌǇǌKDϱƌϬϯϰYͬŚďƚ͘ũƉŐ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ ϭϴ ĚĞ ĨĞǀ͘ ĚĞ
ϮϬϮϮ͘
ĂͿ YƵĂůŽƚŝƉŽĚĞĂĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽĂŽŵĞŝŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ
Ž ŝŶƐĞƚŽĚĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ͍
ďͿ ŽŵŽ ĞƐƐĂ ĂĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝ ƉĂƌĂ Ž

ƐƵĐĞƐƐŽĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽĚĞƐƐĞŝŶƐĞƚŽ͍
ϲ͘ ƐƐŝŶĂůĞĂĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƋƵĞEKĐŽŶƚĠŵƵŵ
ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽ ĚĞ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ďŝŽůſŐŝĐĂ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ Ă
ƚĞŽƌŝĂĚŽŶĞŽĚĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿDƵƚĂĕĆŽ
;Ϳ ;ͿĞƌŝǀĂŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ
;Ϳ ;Ϳ^ĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂů
;Ϳ ;ͿDŝŵĞƚŝƐŵŽ

Matemática
e suas
Tecnologias
212
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z ➢ ^ŝŶĂŝƐ ŝŐƵĂŝƐ͗ ŶĂ ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ŽƵ ŶĂ
DdDd/ ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŵ Ğŵ ƐŝŶĂů

ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
KWZO^KDEjDZK^/Ed/ZK^ • ;нϮͿ͘;нϰͿснϴ
ŽŶũƵŶƚŽĚŽƐŶƷŵĞƌŽƐŝŶƚĞŝƌŽƐ͗ • ;Ͳ ϰͿ͘;Ͳ ϭϬͿснϰϬ
Z = {… Ͳ ϯ͕Ͳ ϰ͕Ͳ ϯ͕Ͳ Ϯ͕Ͳ ϭ͕Ϭ͕нϭ͕нϮ͕нϯ͕нϰ͘͘͘΃ • ;Ͳ ϮϬͿ͗;Ͳ ϮͿснϭϬ
• ;нϭϱͿ͗;нϯͿснϱ
ĚŝĕĆŽĞ^ƵďƚƌĂĕĆŽ͗
• ^ŝŶĂŝƐ ŝŐƵĂŝƐ͗ ƐŽŵĞ ŽƐ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ Ğ ➢ ^ŝŶĂŝƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͗ ŶĂ ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ŽƵ
ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĞŽƐŝŶĂů͘ ŶĂ ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŵ Ğŵ ƐŝŶĂů

ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ͘
ZĞŐƌĂĚŽƐŝŶĂů͗;нͿн;нͿсн
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
;–Ϳн;–Ϳс–
• ;нϲͿ͘;– ϳͿс– ϰϮ
• ^ŝŶĂŝƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͗ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĞ Ž ƐŝŶĂů ĚŽ
ŵĂŝŽƌŶƷŵĞƌŽĞƐƵďƚƌĂŝĂ͘ • ;– ϭϮͿ͘;нϮͿс– Ϯϰ
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗ • ;нϭϬϬͿ͗;– ϮͿс– ϱϬ
• ϯ – ϰ с – 1 → O maior número é o • ;– ϭϮϱͿ͗;нϱͿсͲ Ϯϱ
ƋƵĂƚƌŽ͖ ůŽŐŽ͕ Ž ƐŝŶĂů ŶŽ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĨŽŝ

ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ͘
➢ WŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌ ĂƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƌĞŐƌĂ
• – 15 + 20 = + 5 → O maior número é o ŐĞƌĂů͗
ǀŝŶƚĞ͖ ůŽŐŽ͕ Ž ƐŝŶĂů ŶŽ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĨŽŝ
ϭ – ^Ğ ŽƐ ĚŽŝƐ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ƉŽƐƐƵşƌĞŵ Ž
ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͘
ŵĞƐŵŽƐŝŶĂů͕ŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐĞƌĄƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͘
Ϯ – ^Ğ ŽƐ ĚŽŝƐ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ƉŽƐƐƵşƌĞŵ ƐŝŶĂŝƐ

DƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĞŝǀŝƐĆŽ͗ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͕ŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽƐĞƌĄŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ͘
MATEMÁTICA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

213
WŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ Ġ ƵŵĂ ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗

ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐŝŐƵĂŝƐ͘
• a) (−2)Ϯ с (−2) × (−2) = +4
• b) (−2)ϯ с (−2) × (−2) × (−2) = −8
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
• ϮϹсϮǆϮǆϮсϴ͕ŽŶĚĞϮĠĂďĂƐĞ͕ϯĠŽ
ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞĞϴĠĂƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂ͖
• ϯϸ с ϯ ǆ ϯ сϵ͕ ŽŶĚĞ ϯĠ Ă ďĂƐĞ͕ Ϯ ĠŽ YƵĞƐƚĆŽ ϭ͗ ŵ Ƶŵ ũŽŐŽ͕ Ă ƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞĞϵĠĂƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂ ĂƌŽůŝŶĂĨŽŝĂƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ͗
➢ WĂƌĂ ŽďƚĞƌŵŽƐ Ă ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭǐƌŽĚĂĚĂ͗ƉĞƌĚĞƵϴϬƉŽŶƚŽƐ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ŝŶƚĞŝƌŽƐ͕ ďĂƐƚĂ ĂƉůŝĐĂƌ ĂƐ ϮǐƌŽĚĂĚĂ͗ŐĂŶŚŽƵϰϳϱƉŽŶƚŽƐ

ƌĞŐƌĂƐ ĚŽƐ ƐŝŶĂŝƐ ƋƵĞ ŝƌĞŵŽƐ ƌĞǀŝƐĂƌ Ă
ϯǐƌŽĚĂĚĂ͗ŐĂŶŚŽƵϮϵϬƉŽŶƚŽƐ
ƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗
ϰǐƌŽĚĂĚĂ͗ƉĞƌĚĞƵϭϭϱƉŽŶƚŽƐ
ĂƐŽϬϭ͗YƵĂŶĚŽĂďĂƐĞĠƵŵŶƷŵĞƌŽ
ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ YƵĂůĠŽƚŽƚĂůĚĞƉŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĂƌŽůŝŶĂ͍
YƵĂŶĚŽĂďĂƐĞĨŽƌƵŵŶƷŵĞƌŽƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͕ ;Ϳ ϱϳϬ

ĂƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂĠƵŵ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͘
;Ϳ ϰϯϱ
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
;Ϳ ϵϲϬ
• ĂͿ;нϱͿϮ с;нϱͿп;нϱͿснϮϱ
;Ϳ ϴϰϱ
• ďͿ;нϳͿϯ с;нϳͿп;нϳͿ п;нϳͿснϯϰϯ
YƵĞƐƚĆŽ Ϯ͗ ŵ ĐĞƌƚŽ ĚŝĂ ŶĂ ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ
<ĞƚĐŚŝŬĂŶ͕ ŶŽ ůĂƐŬĂ͕ Ă ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĂ ƉĞůĂ
ŵĂŶŚĆĨŽŝĚĞϰΣ͕ĐŚĞŐĂŶĚŽĂͲϯΣĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĂ
ĐĂƐŽϬϮ͗YƵĂŶĚŽĂďĂƐĞĠƵŵŶƷŵĞƌŽŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ
ŵĂĚƌƵŐĂĚĂ͘ YƵĂŶƚŽƐ ŐƌĂƵƐ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌĂŵ ŽƵ
YƵĂŶĚŽ Ă ďĂƐĞ ĨŽƌ Ƶŵ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ͕ Ă ĚŝŵŝŶƵşƌĂŵŶĞƐƐĞĚŝĂ͍
ƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂĠ͗
;Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽƵϭΣ
→ WK^/d/sK͕ ƐĞ Ž ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ ĨŽƌ Ƶŵ
;Ϳ ŝŵŝŶƵŝƵϭΣ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ƉĂƌ͘
→ E'd/sK͕ ƐĞ Ž ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ ĨŽƌ Ƶŵ ;Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚĂƌĂŵϳΣ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽ şŵƉĂƌ͘ ;Ϳ ŝŵŝŶƵşƌĂŵϳΣ

214
YƵĞƐƚĆŽϯ͗ĂůĐƵůĞĂƐĞǆƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐŶƵŵĠƌŝĐĂƐ͗ ϭǑĐĂƐŽͲĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌĞƐŝŐƵĂŝƐ͗
;Ϳ ;ͲϮͿнϯ͘ϱ–ϭϮ͗ϲс WĂƌĂ ƐŽŵĂƌ ŽƵ ƐƵďƚƌĂŝƌ ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ŵĞƐŵŽ

ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ͕ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂŵŽƐŽĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌĞ
;Ϳ ;ͲϭϲͿ͗ϰ͘;ͲϰͿс
ƌĞĂůŝǌĂŵŽƐĂŽƉĞƌĂĕĆŽĐŽŵŽŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ͘
;Ϳ ϰ͘;Ͳ2)⁵ + 2 . (ͲϱͿϸ–ϳϱ͘;ͲϭͿϷс
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
&ZO^
ĨƌĂĕĆŽĠĂƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĂĚŝǀŝƐĆŽŽƵ
ĚĞƉĂƌƚĞƐĚĞƵŵƚŽĚŽ͘
ϮǑ ĐĂƐŽͲĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͗ YƵĂŶĚŽ
dŝƉŽƐĚĞ&ƌĂĕƁĞƐ͗
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͕ Ġ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ ŝŐƵĂůĂƌ ŽƐ
• &ƌĂĕĆŽƉƌſƉƌŝĂ;ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌŵĞŶŽƌƋƵĞ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌĞƐƉĂƌĂƋƵĞƐĞũĂƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌͿ͖
ĂĂĚŝĕĆŽŽƵĂƐƵďƚƌĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞĂƐĚƵĂƐĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͘
• &ƌĂĕĆŽ ŝŵƉƌſƉƌŝĂ ;ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ ŵĂŝŽƌ
DƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͗ WĂƌĂ ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂƌ
ƋƵĞĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌͿ͖
ĚƵĂƐ ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂŵŽƐ ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ ƉŽƌ
• &ƌĂĕĆŽ ĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞ ;ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ƶŵ ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌĞĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌƉŽƌĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ͘
ŶƷŵĞƌŽŝŶƚĞŝƌŽͿ͖
ŝǀŝƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͗ WĂƌĂ ĐĂůĐƵůĂƌ Ă ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ
• &ƌĂĕĆŽ ĞƋƵŝǀĂůĞŶƚĞ ;ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ Ă ĞŶƚƌĞ ĚƵĂƐ ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂŵŽƐ Ă ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ŵĞƐŵĂƉĂƌƚĞĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂŽƚŽĚŽͿ͖ ĨƌĂĕĆŽ Ğ Ă ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂŵŽƐ ƉĞůŽ ŝŶǀĞƌƐŽ ĚĂ
ƐĞŐƵŶĚĂĨƌĂĕĆŽ͘
• &ƌĂĕĆŽŝƌƌĞĚƵƚşǀĞů;ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽŵĂŝƐ
ƐŝŵƉůĞƐƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĚĞƵŵĂƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞͿ͖ WŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵ ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͗ WĂƌĂ ĐĂůĐƵůĂƌ Ă
ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ͕ ĚĞǀĞŵŽƐ ĞůĞǀĂƌ ƚĂŶƚŽ Ž
• &ƌĂĕĆŽ ŵŝƐƚĂ ;ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌ
ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ž ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ ĂŽ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ƵŵĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ
ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞĚĂĚŽ͘
ŝŶƚĞŝƌĂĞƵŵĂƉĂƌƚĞĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĄƌŝĂͿ͘
ZĂĚŝĐŝĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵ ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͗ WĂƌĂ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌ Ă
ƌĂĚŝĐŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵŽƐ ŽƐ ŵĞƐŵŽƐ
KƉĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĐŽŵĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͗ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐĚĂƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ͘ƌĂŝǌĚĞƵŵĂĨƌĂĕĆŽ
ĠŽďƚŝĚĂĞǆƚƌĂŝŶĚŽͲƐĞĂƌĂŝǌĚŽŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌĞĚŽ
ĚŝĕĆŽĞƐƵďƚƌĂĕĆŽ͗WĂƌĂƐŽŵĂƌŽƵƐƵďƚƌĂŝƌ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ͘
ĚƵĂƐĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ĠŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽŝŐƵĂůĂƌŵŽƐƐĞƵƐ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ͘

215
KƉĞƌĂĕƁĞƐĐŽŵŶƷŵĞƌŽƐĚĞĐŝŵĂŝƐ͗ ;Ϳ ϭϮͬϰ
ĚŝĕĆŽ Ğ ƐƵďƚƌĂĕĆŽ͗ ZĞƐŽůǀĞͲƐĞ ĐŽůŽĐĂŶĚŽ ;Ϳ ϭͬϰ

ǀşƌŐƵůĂĞŵďĂŝǆŽĚĞǀşƌŐƵůĂ͘
YhO^KϭǑ'Zh
DƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ͗ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ŽƉĞƌĂƌ ĚĞ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ

ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ϭǑ ŐƌĂƵ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽ ƋƵĞ
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞ ă ĚĂ ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĚŽŝƐ
ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂ ĐŽŵ ŐƌĂƵ ϭ͘ ƋƵĂĕƁĞƐ ƐĆŽ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ŝŶƚĞŝƌŽƐ Ğ ĂĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĂƌ Ă ǀşƌŐƵůĂ ŶĂ
ƐĞŶƚĞŶĕĂƐ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ
ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĨŝŶĂů͘
ŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂƐ͕ĂƐƋƵĂŝƐƐĆŽůĞƚƌĂƐƋƵĞƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ
ŝǀŝƐĆŽ͗ /ŐƵĂůĞ Ă ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĐĂƐĂƐ ĂƉſƐ Ă ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ ĚĞƐĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽƐ͕ Ğ ŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞ͘
ǀşƌŐƵůĂ Ğ ĂĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ Ă ǀşƌŐƵůĂ ŶĂ ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĕĂŵĂƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂĚĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĚŽϭǑŐƌĂƵĠ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ͘ ĂǆнďсϬ͕ ĞŵƋƵĞĂĞďƐĆŽŶƷŵĞƌŽƐƌĞĂŝƐ͕ĞĂ

ĠĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞĚĞϬ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
• Ϯǆнϱсϵ;ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĚŽϭǑŐƌĂƵĐŽŵƵŵĂ
YƵĞƐƚĆŽϭ͗;/&ϮϬϮϮͿůŝĐŝĂŐƵĂƌĚŽƵϯͬϭϬĚĞ ŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂ͕ǆͿ
ƐĞƵƐĂůĄƌŝŽŶĂƉŽƵƉĂŶĕĂĞĐŽŵϭͬϭϬĚŽƐĂůĄƌŝŽ • Ǉ– ϯсϬ;ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĚŽϭǑŐƌĂƵĐŽŵƵŵĂ

ĞůĂƉĂŐŽƵŽĂůƵŐƵĞů͘ƐƐŝŶĂůĞĂĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƋƵĞ ŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂ͕ǇͿ
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ƋƵĞ ĨƌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƐĂůĄƌŝŽ ĚĞ ůŝĐŝĂ
• ϱǆнϯǇ– ϯсϬ;ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĚŽϭǑŐƌĂƵĐŽŵ
ƐŽďƌŽƵ͘
ĚƵĂƐŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂƐ͕ǆĞǇͿ
;Ϳ ϭͬϭϬ
ŽŵŽĐĂůĐƵůĂƌ͗
;Ϳ ϯͬϭϬ
ZĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵŽƐ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵŽ
;Ϳ ϰͬϭϬ ƵŵĂ ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƚĞŵŽƐ Ž ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚĞ
;Ϳ ϲͬϭϬ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ ŽƐ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ Ă ŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂ ƉŽĚĞ

ĂƐƐƵŵŝƌƋƵĞĨĂǌĐŽŵƋƵĞĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĞ
YƵĞƐƚĆŽ Ϯ͗ ;&ƵŶĚĂƚĞĐͿ ƐƐŝŶĂůĞ Ă ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ
ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌĂƐƐŽůƵĕƁĞƐŽƵĂ
ƋƵĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂĞƋƵŝǀĂůġŶĐŝĂăĨƌĂĕĆŽ
ƐŽůƵĕĆŽĚĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽ͘
ϰͬϭϮ͘
;Ϳ ϯͬϭϮ
;Ϳ ϭͬϯ
;Ϳ ϲͬϭϮ

216
ƋƵĂĕĆŽĚŽϭǑŐƌĂƵĐŽŵĚƵĂƐŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂƐ͗ ;Ϳ ϰϬĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ
YƵĂŶĚŽŚĄƵŵĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĚŽϭǑŐƌĂƵƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵŝ ;Ϳ ϰϰĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ

ĚƵĂƐŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂƐ͕ŶĆŽĞǆŝƐƚĞƵŵĂƷŶŝĐĂƐŽůƵĕĆŽ͕
;Ϳ ϱϮĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ
ŵĂƐƐŝŵŝŶĨŝŶŝƚĂƐƐŽůƵĕƁĞƐ͘hŵĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĚŽϭǑ
ŐƌĂƵ ĐŽŵ ĚƵĂƐ ŝŶĐſŐŶŝƚĂƐ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ;Ϳ ϲϬĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ
ƚŝƉŽ͗ĂǆнďǇнĐсϬ͘ ;Ϳ ϲϮĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ
WĂƌĂĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌĂůŐƵŵĂƐĚĂƐŝŶĨŝŶŝƚĂƐƐŽůƵĕƁĞƐ
ĚĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽ͕ĂƚƌŝďƵşŵŽƐƵŵǀĂůŽƌƉĂƌĂƵŵĂĚĞ
YƵĞƐƚĆŽϯ͗hŵŶƷŵĞƌŽƉŽƐƐƵŝϭϰƵŶŝĚĂĚĞƐĂ
ƐƵĂƐǀĂƌŝĄǀĞŝƐĞĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŵŽƐŽǀĂůŽƌĚĂŽƵƚƌĂ
ŵĂŝƐƋƵĞŽŽƵƚƌŽ͘^ĂďĞŶĚŽƋƵĞĂƐŽŵĂĚĞƐƐĞƐ
ǀĂƌŝĄǀĞů͘
ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐĠŝŐƵĂůĂϴϴ͕ĞŶƚĆŽŽǀĂůŽƌĚŽŵĂŝŽƌ
ĚĞůĞƐĠ͗
;Ϳ ϲϬ
;Ϳ ϱϭ
YƵĞƐƚĆŽϭ͗KǀĂůŽƌĚĞǆƋƵĞƐĂƚŝƐĨĂǌĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽ
Ġ͗ ;Ϳ ϰϴ
3x + 4 = 5x − 8 ;Ϳ ϰϮ
;Ϳ Ϯ ;Ϳ ϯϳ
;Ϳ ϯ
;Ϳ ϰ YƵĞƐƚĆŽ ϰ͗ K ƉĞƌşŵĞƚƌŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƌĞƚąŶŐƵůŽ Ġ

ŝŐƵĂůĂϭϮϬĐŵ͘^ĞĂŵĞĚŝĚĂĚŽĐŽŵƉƌŝŵĞŶƚŽ
;Ϳ ϱ
ĚĞƐƐĞƚĞƌƌĞŶŽĠĚĞϰϬĐŵ͕ĂŵĞĚŝĚĂĚĂůĂƌŐƵƌĂ
;Ϳ ϲ ĚĞƐƐĞƚĞƌƌĞŶŽĠŝŐƵĂůĂ͗
;Ϳ ϮϬĐŵ
YƵĞƐƚĆŽ Ϯ͗ ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ;Ϳ ϮϮĐŵ

'ĞŽǀĂŶĂ ƚĞŵ ŵĂŝƐ ϴ Ġ ŝŐƵĂů ĂŽ ĚŽďƌŽ ĚĂ
;Ϳ ϮϰĐŵ
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ ƋƵĞ :ŽƌŐĞ ƚĞŵ ŵĂŝƐ
ϭϮ͘ ^Ğ :ŽƌŐĞ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ϮϬ ĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ Ž ;Ϳ ϮϱĐŵ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ĨŝŐƵƌŝŶŚĂƐ ƋƵĞ 'ĞŽǀĂŶĂ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ Ġ ;Ϳ ϮϴĐŵ

ŝŐƵĂůĂ͗

217
YƵĞƐƚĆŽ ϱ͗ K ƐĂůĄƌŝŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ǀĞŶĚĞĚŽƌ Ġ ⇒ ǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͗YƵĂŶĚŽ Ă ďĂƐĞ ĨŽƌ Ƶŵ
ĐŽŵƉŽƐƚŽ ƉŽƌ ƵŵĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĨŝǆĂ ĚĞ ZΨ ϴϱϬ͕ϬϬ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ƌĞĂů Ğ Ž ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ ĨŽƌ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͕
ŵĂŝƐƵŵĂĐŽŵŝƐƐĆŽĚĞZΨϲϬ͕ϬϬĂĐĂĚĂƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ŽďƚĞƌĞŵŽƐ Ă ƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂ ĞĨĞƚƵĂŶĚŽ Ž ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ
ǀĞŶĚŝĚŽ͘ ^Ğ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ŵġƐ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͘
ĐůŝĞŶƚĞ ƌĞĐĞďĞƵ Ž ƐĂůĄƌŝŽ ĚĞ ZΨ ϭϴϳϬ͕ϬϬ͕ Ă
⇒ ǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ͗^Ğ Ž ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ Ġ
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐǀĞŶĚŝĚŽƐĨŽŝŝŐƵĂůĂ͗
ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ͕ĚĞǀĞŵŽƐĨĂǌĞƌŽŝŶǀĞƌƐŽĚŽŶƷŵĞƌŽ͕
;Ϳ ϭϱ ƋƵĞ Ġ ƚƌŽĐĂƌ ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ ĐŽŵ ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ͕
ƉĂƌĂŽĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞƉĂƐƐĂƌĂƐĞƌƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͘
;Ϳ ϭϲ
⇒ ǆƉŽĞŶƚĞŝŐƵĂůĂϭ
;Ϳ ϭϳ
YƵĂŶĚŽŽĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞĨŽƌŝŐƵĂůĂƵŵƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͕Ă
;Ϳ ϭϴ
ƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂƐĞƌĄŽƉƌſƉƌŝŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĂďĂƐĞ͘sĞũĂ
;Ϳ ϭϵ
ŽƐĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐĂďĂŝǆŽ͗
ĂϭсĂ
WKdE/KZ//K ϮϭсϮ
ϰϭсϰ
WŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ͗ ŽƉĞƌĂĕĆŽ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĚĂ ŶĂ
ϭϬϬϭсϭϬϬ
ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ Ġ ƵŵĂ ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ Ğ Ġ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂĚĂƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞĨŽƌŵĂ͗ ⇒ ǆƉŽĞŶƚĞŝŐƵĂůĂϬ
𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛 = a . a . a . a … ^Ğ Ž ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ ĨŽƌ Ϭ͕ Ă ƌĞƉŽƐƚĂ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ ă

ƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƐĞƌĄ ϭ͘ ĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĞ ŽƐ
ĂсďĂƐĞ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
ŶсĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ
ĂϬсϭ
Ă͘Ă͘a . a … = produto de n fatores iguais que ϭϬϬϬϬсϭ
ŐĞƌĂĐŽŵŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĂƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂ ϮϱϬсϭ
dŝƉŽƐĚĞWŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ͗ WƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĚĂWŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ͗
• ĂƐĞƌĞĂůĞĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞŝŶƚĞŝƌŽ ƐƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐĚĂƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽƐĆŽƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐ
YƵĂŶĚŽŽĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞĠŝŶƚĞŝƌŽ͕ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƋƵĞĞůĞ ƉĂƌĂƐŝŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂƌŽƐĐĄůĐƵůŽƐ͘,Ą͕ŶŽƚŽƚĂů͕ĐŝŶĐŽ
ƉŽĚĞƉŽƐƐƵŝƌŶƷŵĞƌŽŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽŽƵƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ͘ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ͗

218
ϭ͘ WƌŽĚƵƚŽ ĚĞ ƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĞ ŵĞƐŵĂ ƌĂĚŝĐŝĂĕĆŽ͘ EĞƐƚĂ Ă ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ Ġ Ă ŵĞƐŵĂ͕ ƵŵĂ
ďĂƐĞ͗ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂ Ă ďĂƐĞ Ğ ƐŽŵĂ ŽƐ ǀĞǌƋƵĞĂŵďĂƐƐĆŽŽƉĞƌĂĕƁĞƐŝŶǀĞƌƐĂƐ͘
ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞƐ͘
WƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ϭ͗ ZĂŝǌ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ
ĂŶ͘ĂŵсĂŶнŵ ƌĂĚŝĐĂŶĚŽĠŝŐƵĂůĂŽşŶĚŝĐĞ
Ϯ͘ ŝǀŝƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĞ ŵĞƐŵĂ

ďĂƐĞ͗ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĂďĂƐĞĞƐƵďƚƌĂŝŽƐĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ϭ ĂĨŝƌŵĂ ƋƵĞ͕ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĂŶ͗ĂŵсĂŶсĂŶͲŵ şŶĚŝĐĞ ĨŽƌ ŝŐƵĂů ĂŽ ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ ƌĂĚŝĐĂŶĚŽ͕ Ž
Ăŵ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĚĂ ƌĂŝǌ ŶͲĠƐŝŵĂ Ġ Ă ƉƌſƉƌŝĂ ďĂƐĞ͘

ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
ϯ͘ WŽƚġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂ͗ĚĞǀĞŵŽƐ ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂƌ

ŽƐĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞƐ͘ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗
;ĂŶͿŵсĂŶ͘ŵ
WƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞϮ͗WŽƚġŶĐŝĂĚĞĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞƌĂĚŝĐĂů
ϰ͘ WŽƚġŶĐŝĂĚĞƵŵƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ͗ŽĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞŐĞƌĂůĠ
ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞĚŽƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͘ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
;Ă͘ďͿŶс;ĂŶ͘ďŶͿ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ Ϯ͕ ŶĂ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞ͕ Ġ ƵŵĂ

;ϰ͘ϱͿϮс;ϰϮ͘ϱϮͿ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĨƌĂĕĆŽ͘ K ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ ĚĂ
ϱ͘ DƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƉŽƚġŶĐŝĂƐ ĐŽŵ Ž ŵĞƐŵŽ ĨƌĂĕĆŽƉĂƐƐĂĂƐĞƌŽĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞĚŽƌĂĚŝĐĂŶĚŽ͕Ğ
ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ͗ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂŽĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞĞŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂĂƐ Ž ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ ƉĂƐƐĂ Ă ƐĞƌ Ž şŶĚŝĐĞ ĚĂ ƌĂŝǌ͘
ďĂƐĞƐ͘ǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ sĞũĂĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
ĂŶ͘ďŶс;Ă͘ďͿŶ
ϰϮ͘ϲϮс;ϰ͘ϲͿϮ
WƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ ĚĂ ƌĂĚŝĐŝĂĕĆŽ͗ ƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ ŶĂ

WƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ϯ͗ WƌŽĚƵƚŽ ĚĞ ƌĂşǌĞƐ ĚĞ şŶĚŝĐĞƐ
ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽ͕ ƚĞŵŽƐ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ ŶĂ
ŝŐƵĂŝƐ

219
ă ƌĂŝǌ ŶͲĠƐŝŵĂ ĚŽ ƌĂĚŝĐĂŶĚŽ ĞůĞǀĂĚŽ ĂŽ

ĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞ͘
ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ϯ ĂĨŝƌŵĂ ƋƵĞ Ž ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ

ĚƵĂƐƌĂşǌĞƐĐŽŵşŶĚŝĐĞƐŝŐƵĂŝƐĠŝŐƵĂůăƌĂŝǌĚĞ
ŵĞƐŵŽşŶĚŝĐĞĚŽƉƌŽĚƵƚŽĚŽƐƌĂĚŝĐĂŶĚŽƐ͘
WƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞϰ͗YƵŽĐŝĞŶƚĞĚĞƌĂşǌĞƐĚĞşŶĚŝĐĞƐ ,/>/^KͲ'KDW>/K
ŝŐƵĂŝƐ ;&ϬϵDϬϮͲͿ ZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ Ƶŵ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ
ƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů ĐŽŵŽ Ƶŵ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ƌĞĂů͕ ĐƵũĂ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ĚĞĐŝŵĂů Ġ ĨŝŶŝƚĂ ŽƵ ĚĞĐŝŵĂů
ŝŶĨŝŶŝƚĂ Ğ ƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂ͕ ĚşǌŝŵĂ ƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂ͕ Ğ ƋƵĞ
ƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĞƐĐƌŝƚĂĞŵĨŽƌŵĂĚĞĨƌĂĕĆŽŝƌƌĞĚƵƚşǀĞů
Ğ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ĂŶĄůŽŐĂ ă ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ϯ͕ Ă
Ăͬď͕ĐŽŵďĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞĚĞǌĞƌŽ͘
ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞϰĂĨŝƌŵĂƋƵĞĂĚŝǀŝƐĆŽĞŶƚƌĞĚƵĂƐ
ƌĂşǌĞƐĚĞşŶĚŝĐĞƐŝŐƵĂŝƐĠŝŐƵĂůăƌĂŝǌĚĞŵĞƐŵŽ ;&ϬϵDϬϮͲͿ ZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ Ƶŵ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ
şŶĚŝĐĞĚĂĚŝǀŝƐĆŽĚŽƐƋƵŽĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů ĐŽŵŽ Ƶŵ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ƌĞĂů ĐƵũĂ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ĚĞĐŝŵĂů Ġ ŝŶĨŝŶŝƚĂ Ğ ŶĆŽ
ƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂ͕ Ğ ĞƐƚŝŵĂƌ Ă ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĂůŐƵŶƐ
ĚĞůĞƐŶĂƌĞƚĂŶƵŵĠƌŝĐĂĞŵƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ
K:dK^KE,/DEdK
EƷŵĞƌŽƐŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ
EƷŵĞƌŽƐƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ
WƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞϱ͗WŽƚġŶĐŝĂĚĞƵŵĂƌĂŝǌ
EjDZK^Z/KE/^
hŵŶƷŵĞƌŽĠƌĂĐŝŽŶĂůƐĞƉƵĚĞƌƐĞƌĞƐĐƌŝƚŽŶĂ
𝑎𝑎
ĨŽƌŵĂ 𝑏𝑏͕ĐŽŵ𝑎𝑎 Ğ𝑏𝑏 ŝŶƚĞŝƌŽƐĞ𝑏𝑏 ≠ 0͖ĞƐƚĂĠĂ
ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞϱĚŝǌͲŶŽƐƋƵĞƵŵĂƌĂŝǌŶͲĠƐŝŵĂ
ĨŽƌŵĂ ĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĄƌŝĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘
ĞůĞǀĂĚĂĂƵŵĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽĞǆƉŽĞŶƚĞŵĠŝŐƵĂů

220
&ĂǌĞŶĚŽ Ă ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ĚĞ 𝑎𝑎 ƉŽƌ 𝑏𝑏 ŽďƚĞŵŽƐ Ă ŝŶĨŝŶŝƚĂĞĨĂǌĞƌĂƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƐƚĞŶƷŵĞƌŽ

ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĞĐŝŵĂůĚŽŶƷŵĞƌŽƌĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘ ĞŵĨŽƌŵĂĚĞĨƌĂĕĆŽĠƵŵƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƵŵƉŽƵĐŽ
ŵĂŝƐĐŽŵƉůŝĐĂĚŽ͘
ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ĐŽŝƐĂ ƋƵĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŵŽƐ ĂŽ ĨĂǌĞƌ ƚĂů
ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ Ġ ƋƵĞ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ ŽďƚĞŵŽƐ &ZK'ZdZ/
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐĚĞĐŝŵĂŝƐĨŝŶŝƚĂƐ͕ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ
KďƚĞƌ Ă ĨƌĂĕĆŽ ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ Ġ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ Ă ĨƌĂĕĆŽ
1 ƋƵĞ͕ ĂŽ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌŵŽƐ Ă ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ŶĂ ĐĂůĐƵůĂĚŽƌĂ͕
= 0,5
2
ŽƵ ĂƚĠ ŵĞƐŵŽ ŵĂŶƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ŶŽƐ ĚĂƌĄ ĐŽŵŽ
12 ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĂƋƵĞůĂĚŝǌŝŵĂƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂ͘
= 0,48
25
WŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ă ĚŝǌŝŵĂ ƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂ Ğŵ
ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ ŽďƚĞŵŽƐ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ
ƐŝŵƉůĞƐĞĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂ͘ůĂĠƐŝŵƉůĞƐƋƵĂŶĚŽƚƵĚŽ
ŝŶĨŝŶŝƚĂƐĞƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂƐ͕ĐŽŵŽ
ƋƵĞĞƐƚĄŶĂƐƵĂƉĂƌƚĞĚĞĐŝŵĂůĠƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐŽ͕ŽƵ
1 ƐĞũĂ͕ƐĞƌĞƉĞƚĞ
= 0,3333 …
3
1,777 …
22
= 0,564102564102 …
39 2,666 …
ŶƚĆŽ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƉĞŶƐĂƌ Ž ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ YƵĂŶĚŽŚĄƵŵĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽŶĂƉĂƌƚĞĚĞĐŝŵĂůƋƵĞ

ŝŶǀĞƌƐŽŶĂƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ͕ĂŽŽďƐĞƌǀĂƌŵŽƐƵŵ ŶĆŽĨĂǌƉĂƌƚĞĚŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ƋƵĞŶĆŽƐĞ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞĐŝŵĂů ĨŝŶŝƚŽ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ŽďƚĞƌ ƐƵĂ ƌĞƉĞƚĞ͕ĞŶƚĆŽĞƐƐĂĚşǌŝŵĂĠĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂ͘
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĂƌŝĂ
4,5222 …
30
0,3 =
100 10,2888 …
15 DĠƚŽĚŽWƌĄƚŝĐŽƉĂƌĂŽďƚĞƌĂ&ƌĂĕĆŽ'ĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ
1,5 =
10
^ŝŵƉůĞƐ
EĞƐƚĞĐĂƐŽ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĨĂǌĞƌďƌŝŶĐĂĚĞŝƌĂƐĐŽŵĂ
WĂƌĂĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŵŽƐĂĨƌĂĕĆŽŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌĚĞƵŵĂĚŝǌ
“movimentação” da virgula, lembrando
ƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂƐŝŵƉůĞƐƐĞŐƵŝŵŽƐŽƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƉĂƐƐŽĂ
ƐĞŵƉƌĞĚŽĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌϭϬ͕ϭϬϬ͕ϭϬϬϬ͘ĂĚĂϬ
ƉĂƐƐŽ
ĨĂǌĐŽŵƋƵĞĂǀŝƌŐƵůĂĂŶĚĞƵŵĂĐĂƐĂ͕ƚŽƌŶĂŶĚŽ
Ž ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ŽďƚĞŶĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĨƌĂĕĆŽ ďĞŵ • ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ă ƉĂƌƚĞ ŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ Ğ Ž ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĚĂ
ŵĂŝƐƐŝŵƉůĞƐ͘ ĚşǌŝŵĂ͘
• ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŽŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌĚĂĨƌĂĕĆŽŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ͘
DĂƐ ŚĄ ƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂŵŽƐ Ƶŵ
K ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ Ġ Ž ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĨŽƌŵĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽƐ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞĐŝŵĂůĞĞƐƚĞĠƵŵĂĚŝǌŝŵĂƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂ

221
ĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ ŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ ƐĞŐƵŝĚŽ ĚŽƐ DĠƚŽĚŽWƌĄƚŝĐŽƉĂƌĂŽďƚĞƌĂ&ƌĂĕĆŽ'ĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ

ĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽƐ ĚŽ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ŵĞŶŽƐ Ă ƉĂƌƚĞ ŽŵƉŽƐƚĂ
ŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ͘
ĚşǌŝŵĂƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂƉŽƐƐƵŝƚĂŵďĠŵŽ
• ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ Ž ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ ĚĂ ĨƌĂĕĆŽ
ĂŶƚŝƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͕ ůŽŐŽ Ă ĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŵĠƚŽĚŽ
ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ͘ WĂƌĂ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ Ž ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ͕
ƉƌĄƚŝĐŽĠƵŵƉŽƵĐŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞŶĞƐƐĞĐĂƐŽ͘
ďĂƐƚĂ ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌ Ă ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ
ƋƵĞ ŚĄ ŶŽ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘ ^Ğ ŚŽƵǀĞƌ Ƶŵ ƷŶŝĐŽ • ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌĂƐƉĂƌƚĞƐĚĂĚşǌŝŵĂƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂ͘
ĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽ͕ ĐŽůŽĐĂŵŽƐ ϵ͖ ƐĞ ŚŽƵǀĞƌ ĚŽŝƐ • ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ Ž ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ͘ WĂƌĂ ĐĂůĐƵůĂƌ Ž
ĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽƐ͕ Ž ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ ƐĞƌĄ ϵϵ͕ ŽƵ ŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ǀĂŵŽƐ ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌ Ž ŶƷŵĞƌŽ
ƐĞũĂ͕ĂĐĂĚĂŶƷŵĞƌŽĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂůŶŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͕ ĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƉĞůĂƉĂƌƚĞŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ͕ŽĂŶƚŝƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͕
ĂĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĂŵŽƐƵŵϵ͘ Ğ ŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘ ƐƵďƚƌĂŝƌĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ ŝŶƚĞŝƌĂĞ Ž
ĂŶƚŝƉĞƌşŽĚŽ
• WĂƌĂĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŽĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ͕ƉĂƌĂĐĂĚĂ
ǆĞŵƉůŽ
ĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽŶŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͕ĂĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĂŵŽƐƵŵϵ
ŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŶĚŽ Ă ĨƌĂĕĆŽ ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĚŝǌŝŵĂ Ğ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĐĂĚĂ ĂůŐĂƌŝƐŵŽ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĄ ŶŽ
ϱ͕ϴϴϴ͘͘͘ ĂŶƚŝƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͕ ĂĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĂŵŽƐ Ƶŵ Ϭ ĂŽ ĨŝŶĂů
ĚŽĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ͘
ϭΣWĂƐƐŽ͗ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌĂƉĂƌƚĞŝŶƚĞŝƌĂĞŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ
ĚĂĚşǌŝŵĂ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽ
WĂƌƚĞŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ͗ϱ
ŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŶĚŽ Ă ĨƌĂĕĆŽ ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ ĚŽ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ
WĞƌşŽĚŽ͗ϴ
ϭ͕Ϯϰϯϯ͘͘͘
ϮΣWĂƐƐŽ͗ŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ
ϭΣWĂƐƐŽ͗/ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽĂƐƉĂƌƚĞƐĚĂĚŝǌŝŵĂ
58 − 5 = 53
WĂƌƚĞŝŶƚĞŝƌĂ͗ϭ
ϯΣWĂƐƐŽ͗ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŽĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌĚĂĨƌĂĕĆŽ
ŶƚŝƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͗Ϯϰ
ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ
WĞƌşŽĚŽϯ
𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝í𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 1 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 9
ϮΣWĂƐƐŽ͗ŶĐŽŶƚƌĂŶĚŽŽŶƵŵĞƌĂĚŽƌ
ƐƐŝŵĂĨƌĂĕĆŽŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌĠ͗
53 1243 − 124 = 1119

9
ϯΣWĂƐƐŽ͗ĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƌ
1 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 9

222
2 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 00 ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ;ƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐͿĐŽŵŽƐ

ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ
ƐƐŝŵ͕ĂĨƌĂĕĆŽŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌĠ͗
ĐŽŵŽĨƌĂĕƁĞƐ;ŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐͿ͘
1119
900 EŽ ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ ĚŽƐ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ĞƐƚĆŽ ŽƐ
ŝŶƚĞŝƌŽƐ͕ ŽƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ŽƐĚĞĐŝŵĂŝƐ ĞǆĂƚŽƐ͕Ğ ĂƐ
ĚşǌŝŵĂƐƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂƐ͘
EhDZK^/ZZ/KE/^
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞŶƷŵĞƌŽƐƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͗
EƷŵĞƌŽƐ ŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ƚŽĚŽƐ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ
Ͳ60 → número inteiro
ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ĐƵũĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ĚĞĐŝŵĂů Ġ ƵŵĂ
ĚşǌŝŵĂ ŶĆŽ ƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂ Ğ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝŵŽƐ 2,5 → decimal exato
𝑎𝑎
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĄͲůŽƐĞŵĨŽƌŵĂĚĞƵŵĂĨƌĂĕĆŽ𝑏𝑏 ͘^ĆŽ
5,1111111… → dízima periódica
números irracionais as raízes não exatas, o π,
ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ :Ą ŽƐ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ĚşǌŝŵĂƐ ŶĆŽ
ƉĞƌŝſĚŝĐĂƐ͕ ůŽŐŽ͕ ŶĆŽ ĞǆŝƐƚĞ ŶĞŶŚƵŵ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ
ůŐƵŶƐĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ
ƋƵĞƐĞũĂƌĂĐŝŽŶĂůĞŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂůĂŽŵĞƐŵŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘
√2 = 1,41421356 … ǆĞŵƉůŽĚĞŶƷŵĞƌŽƐŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͗
√5 = 2,23606797 … 1,123149… → dízima não periódica
√7 = 2,64575131 … 2,769235… → dízima não periódica"
√13 = 3,60555127 …
𝜋𝜋 = 3,1415926535 …
KE:hEdKÊjDZ/K^
ϭ͘ ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞ Ă ĨƌĂĕĆŽ ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ ĚĂƐ ĚŝǌŝŵĂƐ
ΗŽ ĂŶĂůŝƐĂƌ ŽƐ ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽƐ ŶƵŵĠƌŝĐŽƐ͕ Ġ ƉĞƌşŽĚŝĐĂƐƐŝŵƉůĞƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂƌŽƐŶƷŵĞƌŽƐƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞ ĂͿ Ϭ͕ϮϮϮϮ͘͘͘
ŽƐ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘ ƵŶŝĆŽ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ĚŽŝƐ ďͿ Ϭ͕ϯϱϯϱϯϱ͘͘͘
ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽƐ ĨŽƌŵĂ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĐͿ Ϯ͕ϭϮϯϭϮϯ͘͘͘
ĞƐƚƵĚĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ŵĂƚĞŵĄƚŝĐĂ͕ Ž ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ ĚŽƐ
ƌĞĂŝƐ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ŽĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽĚŽƐŶƷŵĞƌŽƐƌĞĂŝƐĠ Ϯ͘ ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞ Ă ĨƌĂĕĆŽ ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ ĚĂƐ ĚŝǌŝŵĂƐ
Ă ũƵŶĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ŶƷŵĞƌŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ƉĞƌŝŽĚŝĐĂƐĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ

223
;Ϳ Ϭ͕ϯϮϮϮϮ͘͘͘
;Ϳ ϭ͕ϮϬϯϯϯ͘͘͘
;Ϳ Ϭ͕ϬϭϮϱϭϱϭϱϭ͘͘͘
,/>/^K'KͲ DW>/K
ϯ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞсϬ͕ϵϰϵϰϵϰ͘͘͘ĞсϬ͕ϬϲϬϲ͘͘͘
;&ϬϵDϬϲͲͿ >Ğƌ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂƌ͕ ƌĞƐŽůǀĞƌ Ğ
ĂͿ ZĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĞŵĨŽƌŵĂĚĞĨƌĂĕĆŽ
ĞůĂďŽƌĂƌ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ĐŽŵ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĨŝǆĂ Ğ ƉĂƌƚĞ
ďͿ ZĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĞŵĨŽƌŵĂĚĞĨƌĂĕĆŽ
ǀĂƌŝĄǀĞůƋƵĞƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƐƉŽƌĨƵŶĕƁĞƐ
ĐͿ ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞŽǀĂůŽƌĚĞн
ĚŽ ϭΣ ŐƌĂƵ͕ ĐĂůĐƵůĂŶĚŽ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ ŶƵŵĠƌŝĐŽƐ
ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽ Ž ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ͕
ϰ͘ YƵĂů Ž ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĚĂ ƐŽŵĂ ϭ͕ϯϯϯϯ͘͘͘ н
ĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ŽƵ ĚĞĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉĂƌĂ Ƶŵ
Ϭ͕ϭϲϲϲϲ͍͘͘͘
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽŝŶƚĞƌǀĂůŽĚĞǀĂůŽƌĞƐŶƵŵĠƌŝĐŽƐ
ϱ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞ Ž ŶƵŵĞƌŽ Ϭ͕Ϭϭϭϯϲϯϲϯϲ͘͘͘ Ž K:dK^KE,/DEdK
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌ ĞƐƚĞ ŶƵŵĞƌŽ ŶĂ ƐƵĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ &ƵŶĕƁĞƐĚĞϭΣ'ƌĂƵ

𝑎𝑎
ĨƌĂĐŝŽŶĂƌŝĂ ŝƌĞŵŽƐ ƚĞƌ ƵŵĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ 𝑏𝑏͘ ĄůĐƵůŽ ĚŽ ǀĂůŽƌ ŶƵŵĠƌŝĐŽ ĚĞ ĨƵŶĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ϭΣ
^ĂďĞŶĚŽĚŝƐƐŽ͕ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĞ 'ƌĂƵ
;Ϳ 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏
ŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĚĞϭΣ'ƌĂƵ
;Ϳ 𝑏𝑏 − 𝑎𝑎
;Ϳ 𝑎𝑎 ∙ 𝑏𝑏 &hEKϭΣ'Zh
hŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽƉŽůŝŶŽŵŝĂůĚĞϭǑŐƌĂƵƚĞŵĂĨŽƌŵĂ
ϲ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĂĨƌĂĕĆŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 Ğ𝑎𝑎 ≠ 0͘ŽŶĐĞŝƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕Ă
12
45 ĨƵŶĕĆŽĚĞϭǑŐƌĂƵĂƉĂƌĞĐĞĞŵƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐŽŶĚĞ
ŚĄƵŵĂƉĂƌƚĞĨŝǆĂĞƵŵĂƉĂƌƚĞƋƵĞǀĂƌŝĂĚĞ
YƵĂůĚŝǌŝŵĂƉĞƌşŽĚŝĐĂĠŽďƚŝĚĂƉŽƌĞƐƐĂĨƌĂĕĆŽ͍ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂĚŝƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůăŽƵƚƌĂ
ŐƌĂŶĚĞǌĂ͘
ϳ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĂĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽŶƵŵĞƌŝĐĂĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ
ĨƵŶĕĆŽĚĞƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽŐƌĂƵƌĞĐĞďĞŽƵƚƌŽƐŶŽŵĞƐ
9 ∙ (1,252525 … + 0,888 … )
ƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐ͕ŽƐƋƵĂŝƐƉŽĚĞŵĂƉĂƌĞĐĞƌŶĂƉƌŽǀĂĞ
ĞǆŝŐŝƌĚŽĂůƵŶŽĂĚĞǀŝĚĂŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽ͘^ĆŽĞůĞƐ͗
YƵĂůŽǀĂůŽƌŶƷŵĞƌŝĐŽĚĞƐƐĂĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͍
• ĨƵŶĕĆŽƉŽůŝŶŽŵŝĂůĚĞϭǑŐƌĂƵ͖
• ĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĚĞϭǑŐƌĂƵ͖
• ĨƵŶĕĆŽĂĨŝŵ͖

224
• ƉŽůŝŶƀŵŝŽĚĞŐƌĂƵϭ͘ KĐŽĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞĚĂǀĂƌŝĄǀĞůŶĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ;𝑎𝑎ͿĠ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĚĞĐŽĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞĂŶŐƵůĂƌ͖ũĄŽƚĞƌŵŽ
^ĞŶĚŽĂƐƐŝŵ͕ƚŽĚŽƐŽƐŶŽŵĞƐĂĐŝŵĂ ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞŶĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ;𝑏𝑏ͿĠĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĚĞ
ĞƋƵŝǀĂůĞŵăŵĞƐŵĂŵĂƚĠƌŝĂ͗ĨƵŶĕĆŽĚĞϭǑ ĐŽĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞůŝŶĞĂƌ͘
ŐƌĂƵ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌƋƵĞŽǀĂůŽƌĚŽƚĞƌŵŽ
ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ;𝑏𝑏ͿĚĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĠŽƉŽŶƚŽĞŵƋƵĞŽ
ŐƌĄĨŝĐŽĚĞůĂĐŽƌƚĂŽĞŝǆŽǇ͘
ŵƵŵƚĄǆŝ͕ĐŽďƌĂͲƐĞZΨϰ͕ϬϬƉĞůĂďĂŶĚĞŝƌĂĚĂĞ
ŵĂŝƐZΨϮ͕ϱϬƉŽƌŬŵƌŽĚĂĚŽ͘ WĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞƚĂŵďĠŵƋƵĞƋƵĂŶĚŽŽĐŽĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞ
ĂŶŐƵůĂƌ𝑎𝑎ĠŵĂŝŽƌƋƵĞǌĞƌŽ;𝑎𝑎 > 0Ϳ͕ĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĠ
KƐĂůĄƌŝŽĚĞƵŵǀĞŶĚĞĚŽƌĠĐŽŵƉŽƐƚŽƉŽƌΨ
ĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞĞ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽĂĠŵĞŶŽƌƋƵĞǌĞƌŽ;𝑎𝑎 <
ϱϬϬ͕ϬϬŵĂŝƐϯйĚĞĐŽŵŝƐƐĆŽƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽƋƵĞĞůĞ
0Ϳ͕ĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĠĚĞĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͘
ǀĞŶĚĞƌ͘
Z/&hEK
KƉƌĞĕŽĚŽƚŽŵĂƚĞĞŵƵŵƐƵƉĞƌŵĞƌĐĂĚŽĠZΨ
ϱ͕ϴϬͬŬŐ ZĂŝǌĚĞƵŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ;ƐĞũĂƋƵĂůĨŽƌŽŐƌĂƵͿĠ
ƚŽĚŽŶƷŵĞƌŽƋƵĞ͕ĂŽƐĞƌƐƵďƐƚŝƚƵşĚŽŶĂ
hŵƚĂŶƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵŝϮϬ͘ϬϬϬ>ĞĞƐƚĄ
equação (no lugar de “x”), tem a capacidade
ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŚĞŝŽƋƵĂŶĚŽĐŽŵĞĕĂĂƐĞƌ
ĚĞǌĞƌĂƌĂƐĞŶƚĞŶĕĂ͘'ƌĂĨŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĨĂůĂŶĚŽ͕Ġ
ĞƐǀĂǌŝĂĚŽĂƵŵĂǀĂǌĆŽĚĞϱϬϬ>ƉŽƌŵŝŶƵƚŽ͘
Ž ƉŽŶƚŽŽŶĚĞĂƌĞƚĂƚŽĐĂŶŽĞŝǆŽǆ;ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽ
hŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĚŽϭǑŐƌĂƵƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞŽƵ ƚĂŵďĠŵĐŽŵŽĞŝǆŽĂďƐĐŝƐƐĂͿ͘
ĚĞĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͘sĞũĂŶŽƋƵĂĚƌŽĂďĂŝǆŽ͗
WĂƌĂĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƌĂƌĂŝǌĚĞƵŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĚĞϭǑ
ŐƌĂƵďĂƐƚĂŝŐƵĂůĂƌĂĞƋƵĂĕĆŽĂǌĞƌŽĞĐĂůĐƵůĂƌ
o “x” correspondente.
ǆĞŵƉůŽ
ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞĂƌĂŝǌĚĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 10𝑥𝑥 + 5
ĚĞĨŝŶŝĚĂĚĞ/Z→/Z
10𝑥𝑥 + 5 = 0
10𝑥𝑥 = −5
5
𝑥𝑥 = −
10

225
1 ϯ͘ ŵ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŵƉĂŶŚŝĂ ĚĞ ƐĂŶĞĂŵĞŶƚŽ ŚĂǀŝĂ͕

𝑥𝑥 = −
2
ŝŶŝĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ƚĂŶƋƵĞ͕ ϭϮϱŵϯ ĚĞ ĄŐƵĂ
1
>ŽŐŽĂƌĂŝǌĚĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĠŽŶƷŵĞƌŽ− 2 Ğŵ ƚƌĂƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ͘ &Žŝ ĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ Ƶŵ ĐŽŵĂŶĚŽ
ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝŶĚŽ Ă ĞŶƚƌĂĚĂ ĚĞ Ϯŵϯ ĚĞ ĄŐƵĂ ƉŽƌ
ŵŝŶƵƚŽ͘ hŵĂ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ƋƵĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂ Ă
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ Ő;ǆͿ ĚĞ ĄŐƵĂ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƚĂŶƋƵĞ ĚĞ
ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ ǆ͕ Ğŵ ŵŝŶƵƚŽƐ͕ ĂƉſƐ Ž
ϭ͘ KƐƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĞƐĚĞƵŵĂĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĂƌĞĐĞďĞŵĂ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽĞŵƋƵĞŽĐŽŵĂŶĚŽƉĂƌĂĞŶƚƌĂĚĂĚĞ
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĂĚĞϰϱƌĞĂŝƐƉŽƌĂƵůĂ͕ŵĂŝƐƵŵĂƋƵĂŶƚŝĂ ĄŐƵĂ ĨŽŝ ĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂ ƉĞůĂ
ĨŝǆĂĚĞϮϬϬƌĞĂŝƐĐŽŵŽĂďŽŶŽŵĞŶƐĂů͘ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ͗
𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) = 125 + 2𝑥𝑥
ĂͿ YƵĂů Ġ Ž ǀĂůŽƌ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĞƐ ĚĞƐƐĂ
ĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĂ ƌĞĐĞďĞŵ ƐĞ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂƌ ϯϬ͕ ϰϬ Ğ ϲϬ ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞ Ă ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĄŐƵĂ ŶŽ ƚĂŶƋƵĞ
ĂƵůĂƐŶŽŵġƐ͍ ĂƉſƐϯϬ͕ϱϬĞϴϬŵŝŶƵƚŽƐ͘
ďͿ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞĂůĞŝĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽƋƵĞĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂ ϰ͘ hŵĂƉƌĞƐƚĂĚŽƌĂĚĞƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐĐŽďƌĂƉĞůĂǀŝƐŝƚĂ
Ž ƐĂůĂƌŝŽŵĞŶƐĂůĚŽƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ͘ ăƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂĚŽĐůŝĞŶƚĞĞƉĞůŽƚĞŵƉŽŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ
ƉĂƌĂƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌŽƐĞƌǀŝĕŽŶĂƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂ͘KǀĂůŽƌĚĂ
Ϯ͘ WĂƵůŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ϭϰ ĂŶŽƐ͕ ũĄ ĞƐƚĄ ƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽ ŶŽ ǀŝƐŝƚĂ Ġ ZΨϲϬ͕ϬϬ Ğ Ž ǀĂůŽƌ ĚĂ ŚŽƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ĨƵƚƵƌŽ͕ Ğ ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝǌĂ ZΨ ϰϬ͕ϬϬ ƉŽƌ ŵġƐ͘ WŽƌ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƐĞƌǀŝĕŽĠZΨϮϱ͕ϬϬ͘

ŵĞŝŽĚĞƵŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƌŽ ĂͿ ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞ Ž ǀĂůŽƌ Ă ƐĞƌ ƉĂŐŽ ƉĞůŽ ĐůŝĞŶƚĞ
ƚŽƚĂůĞĐŽŶŽŵŝǌĂĚŽƉŽƌĞůĞĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚŽƐŵĞƐĞƐ ƉĂƌĂƵŵƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƋƵĞůĞǀŽƵϮŚ͕ϰŚĞϲŚ͘
ĐƵũĂůĞŝĠĚĂĚĂƉŽƌǇсϰϬǆ͕ĞŵƋƵĞǇĠŽƚŽƚĂů
ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝǌĂĚŽ͕Ğǆ͕ŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞŵĞƐĞƐ͘ ďͿ ƐĐƌĞǀĂƵŵĂĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽƋƵĞŝŶĚŝĐĂŽǀĂůŽƌĂ
ƐĞƌ ƉĂŐŽ ;WͿ Ğŵ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ŚŽƌĂƐ ;ŚͿ
ĂͿ ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞŽǀĂůŽƌƚŽƚĂůĞĐŽŶŽŵŝǌĂĚŽ͕ƐĞŵŽ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂƐăĞǆĞĐƵĕĆŽĚŽƐĞƌǀŝĕŽ͘
ƌĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŵĞŶƐĂů ĚĂ ƉŽƵƉĂŶĕĂ͕ Ğŵ Ƶŵ

ƉĞƌşŽĚŽĚĞϲ͕ϴĞϭϮŵĞƐĞƐ͍ ĐͿ YƵĂů Ġ Ă ǀĂƌŝĄǀĞů ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ Ğ ƋƵĂů Ġ Ă
ǀĂƌŝĄǀĞůŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ͍
ďͿ ƐĐƌĞǀĂ Ă ůĞŝ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ƋƵĞ
ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂ ĂƐ ŐƌĂŶĚĞǌĂƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ŶŽ ϱ͘ hŵ ŵŽƚŽƌŝƐƚĂ ĚĞ ƚĄǆŝ ĐŽďƌĂ ZΨ ϯ͕ϱϬ ĚĞ
ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂ͘ ďĂŶĚĞŝƌĂĚĂ ;ǀĂůŽƌ ĨŝǆŽͿ ŵĂŝƐ ZΨ Ϭ͕ϳϬ ƉŽƌ
ƋƵŝůƀŵĞƚƌŽƌŽĚĂĚŽ;ǀĂůŽƌǀĂƌŝĄǀĞůͿ͘ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞ

226
Ž ǀĂůŽƌ Ă ƐĞƌ ƉĂŐŽ ƉŽƌ ƵŵĂ ĐŽƌƌŝĚĂ ƌĞůĂƚŝǀĂ Ă ĚĞZΨϮϮ͘ϬϬϬƉŽƌĂŶŽ͕ĚĞǀŝĚŽĂŽƐĞƵĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞ

ƵŵƉĞƌĐƵƌƐŽĚĞϭϴƋƵŝůƀŵĞƚƌŽƐ͘ ƵƐŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĂĨŝƌŵĂƌ ƋƵĞ Ž ǀĂůŽƌ ĚĂ
ĐŽůŚĞŝƚĂĚĞŝƌĂ͕ĂŽĨŝŶĂůĚĞϳĂŶŽƐ͕ƐĞƌĄĚĞ͍
ϲ͘ KƉƌĞĕŽĚĞǀĞŶĚĂĚĞƵŵůŝǀƌŽĠĚĞZΨϮϱ͕ϬϬ
ĂƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ͘^ĂďĞŶĚŽƋƵĞŽĐƵƐƚŽĚĞĐĂĚĂůŝǀƌŽ ϭϬ͘ KƵƐŽĚĞĂƉůŝĐĂƚŝǀŽƐƉĂƌĂƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌǀŝĂŐĞŶƐĠ
ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞĂƵŵǀĂůŽƌĨŝǆŽĚĞZΨϰ͕ϬϬŵĂŝƐZΨ ĐĂĚĂǀĞǌŵĂŝƐĐŽŵƵŵŶŽĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽ͘^ƵƉƁĞͲƐĞ
ϲ͕ϬϬƉŽƌƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ͕ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĂƵŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĐĂƉĂǌ ƋƵĞ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĐĂůĐƵůĂƌ Ž ǀĂůŽƌ ĚĂ ǀŝĂŐĞŵ Ğŵ Ƶŵ
ĚĞ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƌ Ž ůƵĐƌŽ ůşƋƵŝĚŽ ;ǀĂůŽƌ ĂƉůŝĐĂƚŝǀŽ͕ŚĄƵŵǀĂůŽƌĨŝǆŽŵĂŝƐƵŵƚŽƚĂůĚĞZΨ
ĚĞƐĐŽŶƚĂĚŽĚĂƐĚĞƐƉĞƐĂƐͿŶĂǀĞŶĚĂĚĞǆůŝǀƌŽƐ͕ ϭ͕ϰϬƉŽƌƋƵŝůƀŵĞƚƌŽƐƌŽĚĂĚŽ͘^ĂďĞŶĚŽƋƵĞƵŵ
ĞŽůƵĐƌŽŽďƚŝĚŽŶĂǀĞŶĚĂĚĞϱϬϬůŝǀƌŽƐ͘ ĐůŝĞŶƚĞ ƉĂŐŽƵ ZΨ ϭϱ͕ϲϬ ĂŽ ĨŝŶĂů ĚĂ ǀŝĂŐĞŵ͕ Ă
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƋƵŝůƀŵĞƚƌŽƐ ƌŽĚĂĚŽƐ ĨŽŝ ĚĞ ϴ
ϳ͘ K ƐĂůĄƌŝŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ǀĞŶĚĞĚŽƌ Ġ ĐŽŵƉŽƐƚŽ ĚĞ Ŭŵ͕ĞŶƚĆŽŽǀĂůŽƌĨŝǆŽĚĂǀŝĂŐĞŵĨŽŝĚĞ͍
ƵŵĂƉĂƌƚĞĨŝǆĂŶŽǀĂůŽƌĚĞZΨϴϬϬ͕ϬϬ͕ŵĂŝƐƵŵĂ
ƉĂƌƚĞ ǀĂƌŝĄǀĞů ĚĞ ϭϮй ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ǀĂůŽƌ ĚĞ ƐƵĂƐ ϭϭ͘ hŵĂƉĂĚĂƌŝĂǀĞŶĚĞŽŬŐĚŽƉĆŽĂZΨϭϰ͕ϬϬ͘
ǀĞŶĚĂƐŶŽŵġƐ͘ĂƐŽĞůĞĐŽŶƐŝŐĂǀĞŶĚĞƌZΨϰϱϬ :ŽĆŽ͕ƚŽĚĂŵĂŶŚĆ͕ĐŽŵƉƌĂƉĆĞƐŶĞƐƐĂƉĂĚĂƌŝĂ
ϬϬϬ͕ϬϬ͕ĐĂůĐƵůĞŽǀĂůŽƌĚĞƐĞƵƐĂůĄƌŝŽ͘ ĞƐĞŵƉƌĞƉĂŐĂŶŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĚĞĐƌĠĚŝƚŽ͘^ĂďĞŶĚŽ
ƋƵĞĂƉĂĚĂƌŝĂĐŽďƌĂƵŵĂƚĂǆĂĨŝǆĂĚĞZΨϮ͕ϬϬ
ϴ͘ hŵĂ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ ĚĞ ƉŝŵĞŶƚĂ͕ ĂŽ ƉĂƌĂĐŽŵƉƌĂƐŶŽĐĂƌƚĆŽĚĞĐƌĠĚŝƚŽ͕ĂĐŚĞ͗
ĂƚŝŶŐŝƌ ϮϬ ĐĞŶƚşŵĞƚƌŽƐ ĚĞ ĂůƚƵƌĂ͕ ĐŽŵĞĕĂ Ă
ĐƌĞƐĐĞƌ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ ůŝŶĞĂƌ͘ ĐĂĚĂ ĚŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĂͿ Ă ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ŐƌĂƵ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞ Ž
ƉĂƐƐĂ͕ ĞƐƐĂ ƉůĂŶƚĂ ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂ Ϯ͕ϱ ĐĞŶƚşŵĞƚƌŽƐ͘ ǀĂůŽƌĂƐĞƌƉĂŐŽƉŽƌ:ŽĆŽ͘
ƐƐŝŵ͕ĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌĞƐƐĂƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽĐŽŵŽ
ƵŵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽĚŽϭǑŐƌĂƵ͕ĞŵƋƵĞĂĂůƚƵƌĂ Ś;ĚͿ ďͿŽǀĂůŽƌĂƐĞƌƉĂŐŽĐĂƐŽ:ŽĆŽĐŽŵƉƌĞϱŬŐĚĞ
ĞƐƚĄĞŵĨƵŶĕĆŽĚŽƐĚŝĂƐ͕ĐƵũĂůĞŝĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ƉĆŽ͘
Ġ͍
ϵ͘ hŵ ĨĂǌĞŶĚĞŝƌŽ ƌĞƐŽůǀĞƵ ŝŶǀĞƐƚŝƌ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ

ĐŽůŚĞŝƚĂĚĞŝƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂƌ Ž ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽ ŶĂ
ƉůĂŶƚĂĕĆŽ͘^ĂďĞŶĚŽƋƵĞŽǀĂůŽƌƉĂŐŽĨŽŝĚĞZΨ ,/>/^K'KͲ DW>/K
ϯϬϬ͘ϬϬϬŶŽĂŶŽĚĂĐŽŵƉƌĂ͕ĠďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞĐŽŵƵŵ ;&ϬϵDϭϮͲͿ ZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ĂƐ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ
ƋƵĞŵĄƋƵŝŶĂƐĚĞƐƐĞƉŽƌƚĞƉĞƌĐĂŵŽƐĞƵǀĂůŽƌ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂƐ Ğ ƐƵĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ĚŽŝƐ
sĂŽĚĞĐŽƌƌĞƌĚŽƐĂŶŽƐ ƚ͘^ƵƉŽŶĚŽƋƵĞĂƚĂǆĂ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐƐĞũĂŵƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ
ĚĞĚĞƉƌĞĐŝĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĂŵĄƋƵŝŶĂĚĞƐƐĞƉŽƌƚĞĠ

227
;&ϬϵDϭϮͲͿ ZĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ 𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 𝑐𝑐

= = = 𝑘𝑘
𝑒𝑒 𝑔𝑔 𝑓𝑓
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ Ğŵ ƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĂŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽ͕
ĐŽŶŐƌƵġŶĐŝĂ Ğ ƌĞĚƵĕĆŽ͕ Ğ ĂƐ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ KŶĚĞŬĠĂƌĂǌĆŽĚĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĞǆŝƐƚĞŵĞŶƚƌĞƐĞƵƐƉĞƌşŵĞƚƌŽƐĞƐƵĂƐĄƌĞĂƐ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽ
K:dK^KE,/DEdK
^ĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂĚĞƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ
ŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽĞƌĞĚƵĕĆŽĚĞƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ
^D>,EdZ/'h>K^
ŽŝƐ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ ƐĆŽ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ

KďƐĞƌǀĞ ƋƵĞ Ă ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚġŶĐŝĂ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ
ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ŽƐ ƚƌġƐ ąŶŐƵůŽƐ ŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ąŶŐƵůŽƐĚŽƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐĂǌƵůĞǀĞƌŵĞůŚŽĠĚĂĚĂ
ĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞƐ ;ŵĞƐŵĂ ŵĞĚŝĚĂͿ Ğ ŽƐ ůĂĚŽƐ
ƉŽƌ͗
ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘ hƐĂŵŽƐ Ž
ƐşŵďŽůŽΕƉĂƌĂŝŶĚŝĐĂƌƋƵĞĚŽŝƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐƐĆŽ A = 65° = B’
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͘
B = 45° = A’
ŽŵŽ ŶŽƐ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ ŽƐ ůĂĚŽƐ
C = 70° = C’
ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ ƐĆŽ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ Ž
ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĂĚŝǀŝƐĆŽĚĞƐƐĞƐůĂĚŽƐƐĞƌĄƵŵǀĂůŽƌ Veja também que o lado A’B’ está para o lado
ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞ͘ƐƐĞ ǀĂůŽƌ ĠĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ ĚĞ ƌĂǌĆŽ ĚĞ AB, que o lado B’C’ está para o lado AC e que o
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ lado A’C’ está para o lado BC, ou seja:
ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞ ŽƐ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ Ğ &'

ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐŶĂĨŝŐƵƌĂĂďĂŝǆŽ͗
EŽƚĞ ƋƵĞ͕ ŶĞƐƐĂ ŽƌĚĞŵ͕ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌ

ƵŵĂ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ůĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ Ă
ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞĚĞƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞĠŝŐƵĂůĂϭͬϯ͕
ou seja, para construir o triângulo A’B’C’, basta
KƐůĂĚŽƐĂ ĞĞ͕ď ĞŐ͕Đ ĞĨƐĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕
ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝĐĂƌĐĂĚĂůĂĚŽĚŽƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƉŽƌϭͬϯ͘
ƐĞŶĚŽĂƐƐŝŵ͕ƚĞŵŽƐĂƐƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐƉƌŽƉŽƌĕƁĞƐ͗

228
ƐƐŝŵ͕ ƚĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ ƐĆŽ ϯǑ ĂƐŽ͗ ŽŝƐ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ ƐĆŽ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ ƐĞ
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐŶĂƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞŽƌĚĞŵ͗ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ Ƶŵ ąŶŐƵůŽ ĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞ
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚŝĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ůĂĚŽƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ~ 𝐵𝐵’𝐴𝐴’𝐶𝐶’
ƌŝƚĠƌŝŽ>>;>ĂĚŽ͕ŶŐƵůŽ͕>ĂĚŽͿ͘
^K^^D>,E
WĂƌĂ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ ƐĞ ĚŽŝƐ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ ƐĆŽ

ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ďĂƐƚĂǀĞƌŝĨŝĐĂƌĂůŐƵŶƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘
ϭǑ ĂƐŽ͗ ŽŝƐ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ ƐĆŽ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ ƐĞ

ĚŽŝƐąŶŐƵůŽƐĚĞƵŵƐĆŽĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞƐĂĚŽŝƐĚŽ
ŽƵƚƌŽ͘ƌŝƚĠƌŝŽ;ŶŐƵůŽ͕ŶŐƵůŽͿ͘
ǆĞŵƉůŽ
ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞŽƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͘^ĂďĞŶĚŽƋƵĞ
ϮǑĂƐŽ͗ŽŝƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐƐĆŽƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐƐĞŽƐ ĞůĞƐƐĆŽƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞŽƐǀĂůŽƌĞƐĚĞ
ƚƌġƐ ůĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƐĆŽ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ĂŽƐ ƚƌġƐ Ă͕ďĞĐ͘KƉĞƌşŵĞƚƌŽĚŽƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽŵĂŝŽƌĠŝŐƵĂů
ůĂĚŽƐĚŽŽƵƚƌŽ͘ƌŝƚĠƌŝŽ>>>;>ĂĚŽ͕>ĂĚŽ͕>ĂĚŽͿ͘ ĂϴϰĐŵ͘

229
“O teorema fundamental da semelhança de

ŽŵŽŽƉĞƌşŵĞƚƌŽĚŽƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽŵĂŝŽƌĠŝŐƵĂůĂ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐĂĨŝƌŵĂƋƵĞƚŽĚĂƌĞƚĂƉĂƌĂůĞůĂĂƵŵ
ϴϰĐŵ͕ƚĞŵŽƐƋƵĞ͗ ĚŽƐůĂĚŽƐĚŽƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƋƵĞŝŶƚĞƌĐĞƉƚĂŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ
ĚŽŝƐ ůĂĚŽƐ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂ Ƶŵ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽ
𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 + 𝑐𝑐 = 84
semelhante ao primeiro.”
7𝑘𝑘 + 9𝑘𝑘 + 5𝑘𝑘 = 84 ǆĞŵƉůŽ
21𝑘𝑘 = 84 EŽƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽ͕ŽƐĞŐŵĞŶƚŽĠƉĂƌĂůĞůŽĂŽ
ůĂĚŽ͘^ĂďĞͲƐĞƚĂŵďĠŵƋƵĞсϴĐŵ͕с
𝑘𝑘 = 4
ϭϬĐŵĞсϮĐŵ͘ĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞŽĐŽŵƉƌŝŵĞŶƚŽ
^ƵďƐƚŝƚƵŝŶĚŽ ŽƐ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ ĚĞ Ŭ ŶĂƐ ŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞƐ͕ ĚŽƐƐĞŐŵĞŶƚŽƐĞ͘
ƚĞŵŽƐ͗
𝑎𝑎 = 7 · (4) → 𝑎𝑎 = 28 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑏𝑏 = 9 · (4) → 𝑏𝑏 = 36 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑐𝑐 = 5 · (4) → 𝑐𝑐 = 20 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
dKZD &hEDEd> ^D>,E

dZ/E'h>K^
ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞ ŝŶŝĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ Ƶŵ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽ & Ğ

ŽŵŽŽƐĞŐŵĞŶƚŽĠƉĂƌĂůĞůŽĂŽůĂĚŽĚŽ
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞƵŵĂƌĞƚĂƉĂƌĂůĞůĂ',ĂŽůĂĚŽ͘
ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽ ͕ ƉĞůŽ ƚĞŽƌĞŵĂ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů ĚĂ
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ͕ ƚĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ

230
ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ Ğ ƐĆŽ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ůŽŐŽ

ƐĞƵƐ ůĂĚŽƐ͕ ĚĞ ŵŽĚŽ ŽƌĚĞŶĂĚŽ͕ ƐĆŽ
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ĞŶƚĆŽ͗
ϭ͘ YƵĂůŽǀĂůŽƌĚĞǆŶŽƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͍
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
=
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
8 10
=
2 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
8 ∙ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 10 ∙ 2
8 ∙ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 20
20
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 =
8
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 2,5 Ϯ͘ EĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ĠƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌ

ĚŽŝƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐƋƵĞĐŽŵƉĂƌƚŝůŚĂŵƉĂƌƚĞĚĞ
sĞũĂƚĂŵďĠŵƋƵĞŽůĂĚŽĠĚĂĚŽƉĞůĂƐŽŵĂ
ĚŽŝƐůĂĚŽƐ͘^ĂďĞŶĚŽƋƵĞŽƐƐĞŐŵĞŶƚŽƐĞ
н͘^ƵďƐƚŝƚƵŝŶĚŽŽƐǀĂůŽƌĞƐĚĞĐĂĚĂůĂĚŽ͕
ƐĆŽƉĂƌĂůĞůŽƐ͕ƋƵĂůĂŵĞĚŝĚĂĚĞǆ͍
ƚĞŵŽƐ͗
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 + 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
10 = 2,5 + 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
10 − 2,5 = 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 7,5
ϯ͘ WĂƌĂĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƌĂĂůƚƵƌĂĚĞƵŵƉƌĠĚŝŽ͕>Ƶŝǌ
WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕сϮ͕ϱĐŵĞсϳ͕ϱĐŵ͘ ŵĞĚŝƵĂƐŽŵďƌĂĚŽĞĚŝĨşĐŝŽĞ͕ĞŵƐĞŐƵŝĚĂ͕
ŵĞĚŝƵƐƵĂƉƌſƉƌŝĂƐŽŵďƌĂ͘ƐŽŵďƌĂĚŽ
ƉƌĠĚŝŽŵĞĚŝĂϳŵĞƚƌŽƐ͕ĞĂĚĞ>Ƶŝǌ͕ƋƵĞƚĞŵ
ϭ͕ϲŵĞƚƌŽƐĚĞĂůƚƵƌĂ͕ŵĞĚŝĂϬ͕ϮŵĞƚƌŽƐ͘YƵĂů
ĂĂůƚƵƌĂĚĞƐƐĞƉƌĠĚŝŽ͍
ϰ͘ ZĞŶĂƚĂƋƵĞƌĐĂůĐƵůĂƌĂĂůƚƵƌĂĚĂƐƵĂĐĂŝǆĂ
d’água. Para isso, durante o dia, ela observou
ĂƐŽŵďƌĂĚĞƵŵƉĞĚĂĕŽĚĞŵĂĚĞŝƌĂƌĞƚŽĂŽ
lado da caixa d’água e mediu o comprimento

231
ĚĂƐŽŵďƌĂ͕ƋƵĞĞƌĂĚĞϬ͕ϲŵĞƚƌŽ͘:ĄĂƐŽŵďƌĂ ϲ͘ ŶĂůŝƐĂŶĚŽŽƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĂĨŝƌŵĂƌ
da caixa d’água era de 3,40 metros, conforme ƋƵĞ͗
ĂŝŵĂŐĞŵĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗
;Ϳ ůĞƐƐĆŽƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐƉŽƌƚĞƌĞŵůĂĚŽƐ
ĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞƐĞąŶŐƵůŽƐĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞƐ͘
;Ϳ ůĞƐƐĆŽƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐƉŽƌƚĞƌĞŵąŶŐƵůŽƐ
ĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞƐĞůĂĚŽƐŶĆŽĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞƐ͘
^ĂďĞŶĚŽƋƵĞĂĂůƚƵƌĂĚŽƉĞĚĂĕŽĚĞŵĂĚĞŝƌĂ ;Ϳ ůĞƐƐĆŽĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞƐƉĞůŽĐĂƐŽůĂĚŽ͕
ĞƌĂĚĞϭ͕ϰŵĞƚƌŽ͕ĞŶƚĆŽƋƵĂůĂĂůƚƵƌĂĚĂĐĂŝǆĂ ůĂĚŽĞůĂĚŽ͘
d’água? ;Ϳ ůĞƐƐĆŽĐŽŶŐƌƵĞŶƚĞƐƉĞůŽĐĂƐŽąŶŐƵůŽ͕

ůĂĚŽĞąŶŐƵůŽ͘
ϱ͘ KƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐĞ&ƐĆŽƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞƐ͘^ĂďĞŶĚŽƋƵĞĂƌĂǌĆŽĚĞ
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂĞŶƚƌĞŽƐƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐĞ&ĠϮ͕
ĞŶƚĆŽƋƵĂůĂƐŽŵĂĚŽƉĞƌşŵĞƚƌŽĚĞƐƐĞƐ K>/s/Z͕ ZĂƵů ZŽĚƌŝŐƵĞƐ ĚĞ͘ ΗEƷŵĞƌŽƐ
ŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐΗ͖ ƌĂƐŝů ƐĐŽůĂ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ͍ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŵĂƚĞŵĂƚŝĐĂͬŶƵŵĞ
ƌŽƐͲŝƌƌĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘Śƚŵ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϮĚĞŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽĚĞ
ϮϬϮϯ͘
'Khs/͕ZŽƐŝŵĂƌ͘&ƌĂĕĆŽ'ĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ͘dŽĚĂDĂƚĠƌŝĂ͕
΀Ɛ͘Ě͘΁͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĨƌĂĐĂŽͲ
ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌͬ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϮŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ
K>/s/Z͕ ZĂƵů ZŽĚƌŝŐƵĞƐ ĚĞ͘ Η&ƌĂĕĆŽ ŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌΗ͖

ƌĂƐŝů ƐĐŽůĂ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŵĂƚĞŵĂƚŝĐĂͬĨƌĂĐĂ
ŽͲŐĞƌĂƚƌŝǌ͘Śƚŵ͘ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ ϮϮ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ ĚĞ
ϮϬϮϯ͘
^d,͕ZĂĨĂĞů͘^ĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂĚĞdƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ͗ĞǆĞƌĐşĐŝŽƐ
ĐŽŵĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ Ğ ƌĞƐŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͘ dŽĚĂ DĂƚĠƌŝĂ͕ ΀Ɛ͘Ě͘΁͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĐĂͲĚĞͲ
ƚƌŝĂŶŐƵůŽƐͲĞǆĞƌĐŝĐŝŽƐͬ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϮϮŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ

232
^/>s͕>ƵŝǌWĂƵůŽDŽƌĞŝƌĂ͘ΗKƋƵĞĠƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂĚĞ
ƚƌŝąŶŐƵůŽƐ͍Η͖ ƌĂƐŝů ƐĐŽůĂ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŽͲƋƵĞͲ
ĞͬŵĂƚĞŵĂƚŝĐĂͬŽͲƋƵĞͲĞͲƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĐĂͲ
ƚƌŝĂŶŐƵůŽƐ͘Śƚŵ͘ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ ϮϮ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ ĚĞ
ϮϬϮϯ͘
K>/s/Z͕ 'ĂďƌŝĞů ůĞƐƐĂŶĚƌŽ ĚĞ͘ Η&ƵŶĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭǑ

'ƌĂƵΗ͖ ƌĂƐŝů ƐĐŽůĂ͘ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŵĂƚĞŵĂƚŝĐĂͬĨƵŶĐĂ
ŽͲĚĞͲƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽͲŐƌĂƵ͘Śƚŵ͘ ĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ ϮϮ ĚĞ
ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽĚĞϮϬϮϯ͘

Ciências
Humanas
e Sociais
Aplicadas
234
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z ƐƵƌŐĞ ĐŽŵŽ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ŵŽƚŽƌĞƐ ĚĞ

'K'Z&/ ĂůƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ͕
,/>/Ê ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂŶĚŽƚĂŶƚŽĂŵŝŐƌĂĕĆŽĚĞƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐ
;&Ϭϵ'ϭϭͲͿ ZĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐĞ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ž ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƵƌďĂŶŽ͕ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ
ĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂƐ ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ŵŽůĚĂƌĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽƚĂŶƚŽĞŵĄƌĞĂƐ

ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵ ĂƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ŶŽ ƵƌďĂŶĂƐ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ƌƵƌĂŝƐ͘ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ Ġ
ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĞŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐƌĞŐŝƁĞƐĚŽŵƵŶĚŽĞƐƵĂƐ ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝĚĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ž ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ƉĞůŽ ƋƵĂů
ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐŶŽƌĂƐŝůĞĞŵ'ŽŝĄƐ͘ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐƐĆŽĐŽŶǀĞƌƚŝĚĂƐĞŵƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐ
;&Ϭϵ'ϭϯͲͿ ŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ Ă ŝǀŝƐĆŽ ŽƵ ŵĞŝŽƐ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ ĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ
/ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚŽdƌĂďĂůŚŽ͘
ŚƵŵĂŶŽ͕ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŵĂƋƵŝŶĄƌŝŽ Ğ
;&Ϭϵ'ϬϭͲͿ ŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ Ž ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ
ŝŶǀĞƐƚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĐĂƉŝƚĂů͘ EĂƚƵƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ă
ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ŵƵŶĚŝĂů͕ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ Ğ
ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ ĚĂ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂ ŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐŽƵ Ă
ŵƵŶĚŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘
ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ Ğ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ
;&Ϭϵ'ϬϭͲͿ ^ĞƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌĚĞŶƚƌŽĚŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ
ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ůĞǀĂŶĚŽĂƵŵĂŵĂŝŽƌĞǆƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽĚŽ
ĚĞ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵŽ ĂŐĞŶƚĞ ĂƚŝǀŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ͘ ŵĞŝŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ Ğ ƉƌŽǀŽĐĂŶĚŽ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐ
ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀŽƐŶĞůĞ͘
K:dKKE,/DEdK
/ŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ Ğ ĂƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ŶŽ
ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ͘
ŝǀŝƐĆŽ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚŽdƌĂďĂůŚŽ͘
WƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ
ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽŵƵŶĚŝĂů͘
'ůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĞŵƵŶĚŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĂƌĞĚĂĐĂŽ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŶŽƚŝĐŝĂƐͬϭϳϰϭϱϭͬŐŽǀĞƌŶ
ŽͲĚĞͲŐŽŝĂƐͲƐĂŶĐŝŽŶĂͲĚƵĂƐͲŶŽǀĂƐͲůĞŝƐͲĞŵͲƉƌŽůͲĚĂͲ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂͲŐŽŝĂŶĂ
ϭ͘ϭ͘WƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
EŽ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ĚĂƐ ŝġŶĐŝĂƐ ,ƵŵĂŶĂƐ͕ Ă
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ƶŵ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĠĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞǀŝƐƚĂĐŽŵŽ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽ ĐŚĂǀĞ ŶĂ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ Ƶŵ ŵĂƌĐŽ ĚĂ ŵŽĚĞƌŶŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ŝŶĚŝĐĂŶĚŽ Ă
ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ͘ ĂŶĄůŝƐĞ ĚĞ ƐƵĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĂĚĂ ĚĂƐ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ ŶĞƐƚĞ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘
ŶƵĂŶĐĞƐ͕ ĞƐƚŝůŽƐ Ğ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐ Ġ ĐƌƵĐŝĂů͘ ,ŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ă ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ƉĂƐƐŽƵ
ƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ž ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ƉŽƌ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ĨĂƐĞƐ͕ ĐĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŵ ŝŵƉůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ
CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E SOCIAIS APLICADAS

235
ĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐ ŶĂ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ďĞŶƐ Ğ ŶĂ

ŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽ ŶŽ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ͘ EĂ ĨĂƐĞ ƉƌĠͲ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͕ Ă ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĂƌƚĞƐĂŶĂů
ĚŽŵŝŶĂǀĂ͕ ĞƐƚĞŶĚĞŶĚŽͲƐĞ ĚĂ
ŶƚŝŐƵŝĚĂĚĞ ĂƚĠ Ž ƐĠĐƵůŽ ys//͘
ŵĂŶƵĨĂƚƵƌĂ͕ ŵĂƌĐĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ
ŵĂŶƵĂů͕ƉƌĞǀĂůĞĐĞƵŶŽƐĠĐƵůŽys//Ğ
ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽ ys///͕ ĂƚĠ Ž ĂĚǀĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ
ZĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ/ŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŶĂ/ŶŐůĂƚĞƌƌĂ͘
ĨĂƐĞ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ƉƌŽƉƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĚŝƚĂ
ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ ĐŽŵ ĞƐƚĂ ƌĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͕
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ
ŵĂƋƵŝŶĄƌŝŽƐ ĂǀĂŶĕĂĚŽƐ͘
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŶŽǀĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ŽƌŐ͘ďƌͬƉůĂŶŽƐͲĚĞ
WŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĞŶƚƌĂŵŽƐ ŶĂ ĞƌĂ ƉſƐͲ ĂƵůĂͬĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůͬϳĂŶŽͬŐĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĂͬĂͲŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂͲĞͲŽͲ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͕ ŽŶĚĞ Ă ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ ĚĂƐ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ ĞƐƉĂĐŽͲŐĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĐŽͬϱϰϯϰ
ĨŽŝ ƐƵƉůĂŶƚĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽ ƐĞƚŽƌ ĚĞ ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐ Ğ KƐ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ůŽĐĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ĐƌƵĐŝĂŝƐ ŶĂ
ĐŽŵĠƌĐŝŽ͘ ĚĞĐŝƐĆŽ ĚĞ ŽŶĚĞ ŝŶƐƚĂůĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂ͘
ǆŝƐƚĞŵ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ͕ /ŶĐůƵĞŵĂĚŝƐƉŽŶŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ͕
ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐĐŽŵďĂƐĞŶŽƚŝƉŽĚĞŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌŝĂ ŵĆŽĚĞŽďƌĂ͕ŝŶĐĞŶƚŝǀŽƐĨŝƐĐĂŝƐ͕ŝŶĨƌĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ
ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂ͘ ĚĞƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ͕ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƌ͕ĨŽŶƚĞƐĚĞ
Ɛ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ďĂƐĞ ƐĆŽ ĂƋƵĞůĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ ĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐ Ğ͕ Ğŵ
ƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵ ďĞŶƐ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĐĂƐŽƐ͕ Ă ƉƌŽǆŝŵŝĚĂĚĞ ĐŽŵ ĐĞŶƚƌŽƐ ĚĞ
ŽƵƚƌĂƐŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ͘ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͘
ƐŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐĚĞďĞŶƐĚƵƌĄǀĞŝƐĨĂďƌŝĐĂŵ
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐ ĚĞ ůŽŶŐĂ ǀŝĚĂ Ʒƚŝů͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂƐ
ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ďĞŶƐ ŶĆŽ ĚƵƌĄǀĞŝƐ ƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵ
ŝƚĞŶƐĚĞĐŽŶƐƵŵŽƌĄƉŝĚŽ͘

236
&ĂƚŽƌĞƐ>ŽĐĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ĚĂŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂ͕ĚĞƐĚĞŽĨŽƌĚŝƐŵŽĂƚĠŽƚŽǇŽƚŝƐŵŽ͕
ƌĞĨůĞƚĞ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ ŶĂ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕
ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂŶĚŽ Ă ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĞŵƉƌĞŐŽƐ Ğ Ă
ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂĚĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͘
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ƚƌŽƵǆĞ ĐŽŶƐŝŐŽ Ƶŵ
ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀŽ ŶĂ ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂ ƉŽƌ
ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĄŐƵĂ Ğ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ůĞǀŽƵ Ă ƵŵĂ ŵĂŝŽƌ ƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ
ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ŵĞŝŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͘ /ƐƐŽ ƌĞƐƵůƚŽƵ Ğŵ
ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐ ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ĚĞŐƌĂĚĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ƋƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ Ăƌ͕ Ă ƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĄŐƵĂ͕ Ğ ƵŵĂ
ĚŝŵŝŶƵŝĕĆŽŶĂďŝŽĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ƐƐĞ ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͕
ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽĐŽŵĂƵƌďĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕
ƌĞĐŽŶĨŝŐƵƌŽƵ Ž ĐĞŶĄƌŝŽ ƐŽĐŝŽĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ͕ ĐŽŵ
Ƶŵ ĚĞƐůŽĐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ĨŽƌĕĂ ĚĞ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ ĚŽ
ƐĞƚŽƌ ĂŐƌşĐŽůĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ƵƌďĂŶŽͲŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͘ ƐƚĂ
ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂ ƚƌŽƵǆĞ ĐŽŶƐŝŐŽ ĚĞƐĂĨŝŽƐ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂŝƐ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ͬͬďĞŵĞǆƉůŝĐĂĚŽ͘ƉƚͬĨŝĐŚĂͲĚĞͲƚƌĂďĂůŚŽͲ
ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐͲĚĞͲůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĐĂŽͲŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůͲϭͬ ƐĞŵƉƌĞĐĞĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ĐŽŵŽĂƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽƐĞǀĞƌĂĞĂ
KƐŐŽǀĞƌŶŽƐĂƚƵĂŵƉĂƌĂĐƌŝĂƌĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽŝŶƚĞŶƐŝǀĂĚŽƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͘
ĂƚƌĂƚŝǀĂƐƉĂƌĂŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ͕ďƵƐĐĂŶĚŽĚŝŶĂŵŝǌĂƌĂ
ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂůŽĐĂů͘ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚĞŵƵůƚŝŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕
ƋƵĞ ďƵƐĐĂŵ ƚĂŝƐ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĨĂǀŽƌĄǀĞŝƐ͕ Ġ Ƶŵ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽĚĂŵŽďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͘
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĞǆĞƌĐĞƵŵĂŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ
ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚĂ ŶŽ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ͘ ƌĞĂƐ ŶĆŽ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƌĞĐĞďĞŵ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ
ƚĞŶĚĞŵ Ă ƵƌďĂŶŝǌĂƌͲƐĞ ƌĂƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ ƐƚĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĞƚŝĐĂͲ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƚƌĂǌ ďĞŶĞĨşĐŝŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ž ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬƉŽůƵŝĐĂŽͲŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůͬ
ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽ ŶĂ ŽĨĞƌƚĂ ĚĞ ĞŵƉƌĞŐŽƐ Ğ ŶĂ
KĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ͕ĞŵďŽƌĂ
ĂƌƌĞĐĂĚĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŝŵƉŽƐƚŽƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ
ƚĞŶŚĂ ƚƌĂǌŝĚŽ ƉƌŽƐƉĞƌŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ŐĞƌŽƵ
ĚĞƐǀĂŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ͕ĐŽŵŽĂƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂůĞĂ
ƵŵĂ ƵƌďĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĂĐĞůĞƌĂĚĂ Ğ ĞƐƚƌĞƐƐĞ ŶŽ
ƉƌĞƐƐĆŽƐŽďƌĞŽƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͘ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ

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ĨŽƌŶĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞƐ ďĄƐŝĐĂƐ͕ ;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƚŝƉŽ ĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂ

ŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽĂĚĞŐƌĂĚĂĕĆŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂů͘ ĐŽƌƌŽďŽƌŽƵƉĂƌĂƉƌŽĨƵŶĚĂƐƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐŶŽ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ŶĆŽ Ġ ĞƐƉĂĕŽŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽĞƵƌŽƉĞƵĚŽƐƐĠĐƵůŽƐys///Ğ
ĂƉĞŶĂƐ Ƶŵ ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ͕ ŵĂƐ y/y͘
ƚĂŵďĠŵ Ƶŵ ĚĞƐĂĨŝŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂů Ğ ƐŽĐŝĂů ƋƵĞ ;Ϳ;ͿŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽŶŽƐƉĂşƐĞƐƉĞƌŝĨĠƌŝĐŽƐ
ĞǆŝŐĞ ƐŽůƵĕƁĞƐ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞŝƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĞƋƵŝůŝďƌĂƌ Ž ŽĐŽƌƌĞƵ ƐĞŵ Ă ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĐĂƉŝƚĂů
ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽĐŽŵĂƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽĚŽ ĞƐƚƌĂŶŐĞŝƌŽ͕ ƋƵĞŶĆŽ ĞŶǆĞƌŐĂ ŶĞƐƐĞƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐĂ
ŵĞŝŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞĞŽďĞŵͲĞƐƚĂƌĚĂƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŝŶǀĞƐƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘
;Ϳ;ͿŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƚŝƉŽƉůĂŶŝĨŝĐĂĚĂĨŽŝ
ĂůŐŽƌĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞŶŽƐƉĂşƐĞƐƐƵďĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͘
ϯ͘ YƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ

ϭ͘ ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂŵĂůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚĂƐŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ͍
ǆƉůŝƋƵĞĂŽĐŽƌƌġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐƌĞĨůĞǆŽƐĚĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽŶŽĞƐƉĂĕŽŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ϰ͘ ǆŝƐƚĞŵ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ă
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘ĞƐƐĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕ƋƵĂŝƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ
Ϯ͘ ŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ são entendidos como “industrialização”?
ĂƐƐŝŶĂůĞĂĂĨŝƌŵĂƚŝǀĂǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂ͗ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ DĞƐŵŽ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞŶĚŽ Ğŵ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͕ Ă ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŽĐŽƌƌĞƵĚĂŵĞƐŵĂĨŽƌŵĂĞŵƚŽĚŽƐŽƐƉĂşƐĞƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

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ϱ͘ ĞƐĐƌĞǀĂ ŽƐ ƚƌġƐ ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ

ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐĐŽŵďĂƐĞŶŽƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌŝĂƐ
ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂƐ͘

239
ϭ͘Ϯ͘ϭ͘ŝǀŝƐĆŽ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚŽdƌĂďĂůŚŽ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ƐĞƉĂƌĂ ŶĂĕƁĞƐ ĂǀĂŶĕĂĚĂƐ͕ ƋƵĞ

ĨŽƌŵĂŵ ŽƐ ĐĞŶƚƌŽƐ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͕ ĚĞ ƉĂşƐĞƐ
ŝǀŝƐĆŽ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚŽdƌĂďĂůŚŽ;/dͿ ŵĞŶŽƐĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͕ŶĂƉĞƌŝĨĞƌŝĂ͘
ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞ ă ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ĐŽŵŽ ŽƐ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵşĚŽƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ϭ͘Ϯ͘Ϯ͘ǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚĂ/d
ŶĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ͘ ĂĚĂ ĄƌĞĂ ŽŵŽŝŶşĐŝŽĚĂŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽƚĂƌĚŝĂŶŽ
ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐĂ ƚĞŵ ƐĞƵ ƉƌſƉƌŝŽ ŵŽĚĞůŽ ĚĞ

ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ Ğ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶĚŽ Ğŵ &ŽŶƚĞ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŐĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĂŶĞǁƚŽŶĂůŵĞŝĚĂ͘ďůŽŐƐƉŽƚ͘ĐŽŵ
ͬϮϬϭϴͬϬϲͬŽͲƋƵĞͲĞͲĚŝƚ͘Śƚŵů
ĚŝǀŝƐƁĞƐ Ğ ĞƐƚƌĂƚŝĨŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ƉĂşƐĞƐ͘ ƐƚĂ

240
ƐĠĐƵůŽ yy͕ ŵƵŝƚĂƐ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ͕ ŝŶĐůƵŝŶĚŽ Ž ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽƵĂĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƉŽƌƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĂƐƐĂůĂƌŝĂĚŽ

ƌĂƐŝů͕ ĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵ Ă ƐĞ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ͕ ŶĂƐ ĨĄďƌŝĐĂƐ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂƐ ĐŽůƀŶŝĂƐ
ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵǌŝŶĚŽĂ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂǀĂŵ ĐŽŵ Ă ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĂŐƌşĐŽůĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂΗŶŽǀĂ/dΗ͘ƐƚĂŶŽǀĂĨŽƌŵĂĠ ĞǆƉŽƌƚĂĕĆŽ͘EŽƐĠĐƵůŽyy͕Ă/dĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂǀĂͲ
ŵĂŝƐ ĐŽŵƉůĞǆĂĞ ĚĞƐĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝǌĂĚĂ͕ ĐŽŵ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ƐĞ ƉĞůĂ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀĂ ĚŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ
ƉĂşƐĞƐŽĐƵƉĂŶĚŽƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĄƌŝĂƐĞŶƚƌĞ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽƐƚĂĚŽƐhŶŝĚŽƐ͕:ĂƉĆŽĞ
ŽƐ ĐĞŶƚƌŽƐ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ ĂǀĂŶĕĂĚŽƐ Ğ ŽƐ ŶĂĕƁĞƐ ĞƵƌŽƉĞŝĂƐ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ
ƉĞƌŝĨĠƌŝĐŽƐ͘ EŽ ĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ƉĞƌƐŝƐƚĞŵ ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĐĞƌĂŵĨŽĐĂĚŽƐĞŵďĞŶƐƉƌŝŵĄƌŝŽƐ͘
ĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞƐ͕ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ŶŽ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ŶĂ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĂƐ
ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐ͘
ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ũƵŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵĂǀĂŶĕŽƐ
ϲ͘ ŝǀŝƐĆŽ /ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů ĚŽ dƌĂďĂůŚŽ Ġ
ĞŵĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕƁĞƐĞƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞƐ͕ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵŽƵ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĚŝŶąŵŝĐĂ ĚŽ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ
ŽƐŵĠƚŽĚŽƐĚĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͘WĂşƐĞƐĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ
ŵƵŶĚŝĂů͘EĞƐƐĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͕ĞǆƉůŝƋƵĞŽĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽĚĂ
ĨŽĐĂŵĞŵƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂĞŵĆŽĚĞŽďƌĂƋƵĂůŝĨŝĐĂĚĂ͕
/d͘
ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŝǌĂŵĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽƉĂƌĂŶĂĕƁĞƐ
ĐŽŵ ĂůƚĂƐ ƚĂǆĂƐ ĚĞ ĚĞƐĞŵƉƌĞŐŽ Ğ ƐĂůĄƌŝŽƐ
ďĂŝǆŽƐ͕ ƌĞĚƵǌŝŶĚŽ ĐƵƐƚŽƐ͘ ƐƐŝŵ͕ Ƶŵ ŶŽǀŽ
ƉĂĚƌĆŽƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀŽĞŵĞƌŐĞ͕ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂŶĚŽͲƐĞĚĂ
/d ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů͘ WĂşƐĞƐ ŵĞŶŽƐ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ
ĐŽŵĞĕĂŵĂŽĨĞƌĞĐĞƌƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ͕
ŵĂƐ ƐĞŵ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞ ƐŽďƌĞ ĂƐ ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝĂƐ͘
ϭ͘Ϯ͘ϯ͘/ddƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂů
,ŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ă /d ƐĞ ŽƌŝŐŝŶŽƵ ŶŽ

ƐĠĐƵůŽys/͕ĐŽŵĂĞƌĂĚĂƐŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŶĂǀĞŐĂĕƁĞƐ
Ğ ĐŽůŽŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘ ,ŽƵǀĞƵŵĂ ĐůĂƌĂĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ
ĂƐ ŵĞƚƌſƉŽůĞƐ͕ ĨŽĐĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ ŵĂŶƵĨĂƚƵƌĂ Ğ
ĐŽŵĠƌĐŝŽ͕ĞĂƐĐŽůƀŶŝĂƐ͕ĐĞŶƚƌĂĚĂƐŶĂĞǆƚƌĂĕĆŽ
ĚĞ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ ĐŽŵ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŽ͘
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĞƵƌŽƉĞŝĂ ĚŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ ys///

241
ϳ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĞĂĐŚĂƌŐĞĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ ϴ͘ ŽŵŽ ĞƌĂ Ă ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ŵĞƚƌſƉŽůĞƐ Ğ

ĐŽůƀŶŝĂƐĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĂƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂĨĂƐĞĚĂ/d͍
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ϵ͘ ůſŐŝĐĂ ĚĂ ŽƉĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ

ŚƚƚƉ͗ͬͬƉŽƌƚĂůĚŽƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ͘ŵĞĐ͘ŐŽǀ͘ďƌͬĨŝĐŚĂdĞĐŶŝĐĂ
ƵůĂ͘Śƚŵů͍ĂƵůĂсϰϬϲϳϯ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϭũƵůϮϬϮϭ͘ ŵƵůƚŝŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ŽƵ ŐůŽďĂŝƐ ŶŽ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ĚĂ
ŝǀŝƐĆŽ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĠ͗
ŝůƵƐƚƌĂĕĆŽ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĐƌşƚŝĐĂ ă ŝǀŝƐĆŽ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ Ă ŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽ ĚĞƐƐĂƐ ŶŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ
/ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů ĚŽ dƌĂďĂůŚŽ͘ ůĠŵ ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ Ġ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽ͕ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ŵĂŝŽƌ
ĐŽƌƌĞƚŽĂƐƐŝŶĂůĂƌƋƵĞĞůĂƌĞƚƌĂƚĂ͗
ĚĞŵŽĐƌĂƚŝǌĂĕĆŽ ŶŽ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ ăƐ ŶŽǀĂƐ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ K ĂǀĂŶĕŽ ĚĂ ĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝŶĚŽ Ƶŵ
ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐĞŵƚŽĚŽŽŵƵŶĚŽ͘
ŵƵŶĚŽ ŵĂŝƐ ŝŐƵĂůŝƚĄƌŝŽ ŽŶĚĞ ŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ
;Ϳ;ͿĂĂƚƵĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕
ĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐƚĂƐ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ ĂƐƐĞŐƵƌĂŵ Ƶŵ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ƐƵďĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͕ ĂŐŽƌĂ
ŶŽǀŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ƚĠĐŶŝĐŽͲĐŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐŽ Ă ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ͕ƚĂŵďĠŵƉĂƐƐĂŵĂĞǆƉŽƌƚĂƌ
ĐŝĚĂĚĆŽƐĚŽŐůŽďŽ͘
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐƉĂşƐĞƐ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ Ă ĂŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽ ƉůĞŶŽ
ĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐƚĂƐ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ Ğ ĂƐ ĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ
ĞŵƉƌĞŐŽƋƵĞ͕ĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂƐĞŐƵŶĚĂŵĞƚĂĚĞĚŽ
ƚƌĂŶƐŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ƋƵĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ Ž ŐƌĂŶĚĞ
ƐĠĐƵůŽyy͕ĂĚƋƵŝƌŝƵƵŵĂĚŝŶąŵŝĐĂŐůŽďĂů͘
ĐĂƉŝƚĂůĨŝŶĂŶĐĞŝƌŽ͘
;Ϳ;ͿŽĨŽƌƚĂůĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂƐůĞŝƐĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂŝƐĞ
;Ϳ;ͿƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚĂƐŶŽǀĂƐƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐ͕ĂŽ
ƚƌĂďĂůŚŝƐƚĂƐ͕ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞŶĂƋƵĞůĞƐƉĂşƐĞƐ
ŵĞƐŵŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ ŶĂƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ ĚŽ
ŽŶĚĞ ĞƐƐĂƐ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ ƐĞ ŝŶƐƚĂůĂŵ͕
ŵƵŶĚŽ͕ĚĞǀŝĚŽĂŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘
ĚŝŶĂŵŝǌĂŶĚŽ ĂƐƐŝŵ Ž ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ A existência de “dois mundos”: um
ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽĚĞƌĞŶĚĂ͘
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌ ĚĞ ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐ Ğ ŽƵƚƌŽ ĨŽƌŶĞĐĞĚŽƌ
ĚĞŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ͘

242
Ϯ͘ϭ͘ZĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽDƵŶĚŽ
ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ Ġ Ƶŵ

ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽƋƵĞĞŶǀŽůǀĞĚŝǀŝĚŝƌĂdĞƌƌĂ
ƉĂƌĂ ŵĞůŚŽƌ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ ŽƐ ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐ
ĨşƐŝĐŽƐ͕ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ Ğ ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͘ ƐƚĂ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŵƵŶĚŽĞĚƵĐĂĐĂŽ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŐĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĂͬĐŽŶƚŝŶĞ
ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ ĂũƵĚĂ Ă ĚŝƐƚŝŶŐƵŝƌ Ğ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂƌ ŶƚĞƐ͘Śƚ
ĄƌĞĂƐ ĐŽŵ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĐŽŵƵŶƐ͘ WŽƌ

ZĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂƌŽŵƵŶĚŽƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐƐĆŽĚĞĨŝŶŝĚĂƐƉŽƌĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ĄƌĞĂƐ ĐŽŵ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
ĐŽŵŽ ďŝŽŵĂƐ͕ ĐůŝŵĂƐ͕ ďĂĐŝĂƐ ŚŝĚƌŽŐƌĄĨŝĐĂƐ Ğ
ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐĂ͕ĐůŝŵĂŽƵĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ
ŝĚŝŽŵĂƐ͘
Ğ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͕ ĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂŶĚŽ ƐƵĂ ĂŶĄůŝƐĞ Ğ
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĞŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĞƐĐĂůĂƐ͘
Ϯ͘Ϯ͘KƐĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐƉĂƌĂƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽŝŶĐůƵĞŵ
&şƐŝĐŽƐ͗ hŶŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĄƌĞĂƐ ĐŽŵ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĨşƐŝĐĂƐĐŽŵƵŶƐ͘

243
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ;Ϳ;ͿĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞŵƵŶĚŝĂůĨŝĐĂĞǀŝĚĞŶƚĞ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƚŽĚĂŵĂƚĞƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬďŝŽŵĂƐͲĚŽͲŵƵŶĚŽͬ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƐĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚŽ EŽƌƚĞ
^ŽĐŝŽĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͗ĂƐĞĂĚŽƐĞŵĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐ ĚĞƚġŵϲϬйĚĂƌŝƋƵĞǌĂŵƵŶĚŝĂůĞĂƉĞŶĂƐϮϲй
ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐĐŽŵŽŝĚŝŽŵĂ͕ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽĚĞƌŝƋƵĞǌĂ͕Ğ ĚĂƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽƚŽƚĂůĚŽŐůŽďŽƚĞƌƌĞƐƚƌĞ͘
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘ ;Ϳ;ͿKŶŽƌƚĞƐĞĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂƉŽƌƚĞƌƵŵW/
;WƌŽĚƵƚŽ /ŶƚĞƌŶŽ ƌƵƚŽͿ ƐƵƉĞƌŝŽƌ ĂŽ ĚŽƐ
ϱ
ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚŽ ^Ƶů͕ ĞŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĂƐ ĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞƐ

ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ Ğ ŽƐ şŶĚŝĐĞƐ ĚĞ ŵŝƐĠƌŝĂ ƐĆŽ ŵĂŝƐ
ĂĐĞŶƚƵĂĚŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŝŶĐůƵƐĆŽ ĚĂ ƵƐƚƌĄůŝĂ Ğ ĚĂ EŽǀĂ
ĞůąŶĚŝĂ ŶŽ ĞŝǆŽ ĚŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚŽ EŽƌƚĞ Ġ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ĞƌƌƀŶĞĂ͕ ƵŵĂ ǀĞǌ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŬĂƌĚŝĂƐŽĐŝŽůŽŐŝĂ͘ŽƌŐͬϮϬϮϮͬϬϮͬϬϳͬƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĐ
ĂŽͲƐŽĐŝŽĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĂͲƉĂƌƚĞͲϭͬ
ƉĞƌƚĞŶĐĞŵĂŽ,ĞŵŝƐĨĠƌŝŽ^Ƶů͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ EŽƌƚĞͲ^Ƶů ŶĆŽ ƐĞ ƚƌĂƚĂ ĚĞ
ZĞůŝŐŝŽƐŽƐ͗ ŐƌƵƉĂŵĞŶƚŽ ďĂƐĞĂĚŽ Ğŵ ĚŝǀŝĚŝƌŽŵƵŶĚŽĞŵĚŽŝƐŚĞŵŝƐĨĠƌŝŽƐ͕ŵĂƐĞŵ
ĐƌĞŶĕĂƐƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞƐ͘ ŽƌĚĞŶĂƌĂĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞŽƐƉĂşƐĞƐƌŝĐŽƐ
WŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ͗ ŝǀŝƐƁĞƐ ŝĚĞŽůſŐŝĐĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ;ŵĂũŽƌŝƚĂƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ŶŽ ^ƵůͿ Ğ ŽƐ
ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽŶĂ'ƵĞƌƌĂ&ƌŝĂ͘ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ƉŽďƌĞƐ ;ŵĂũŽƌŝƚĂƌŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐ
'ĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽƐ͗ >ŽĐĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĞƐƉĂĐŝĂů ŽƵ ŶŽEŽƌƚĞͿ͘
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐĂƐĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐ͘
ƐƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕƁĞƐŵĂŝƐĐŽŵƵŶƐŝŶĐůƵĞŵ ϭϭ͘ YƵĂŝƐƐĆŽŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ
Ă ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚŝŶĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ƉĂŝƐĂŐĞŶƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ƉĂƌĂĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌƵŵĂƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĂŶşǀĞů
ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐĞĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͘WŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ŵƵŶĚŝĂů͍
ĂƐĞƉĂƌĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞƐŝĂĞƵƌŽƉĂĠďĂƐĞĂĚĂĞŵ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ Ğ ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ŽƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
DŽŶƚĞƐhƌĂŝƐ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ϭϬ͘ K ŵƵŶĚŽ Ġ ĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚŽ EŽƌƚĞ Ğ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚŽ ^Ƶů͘ ^ŽďƌĞ ĞƐƐĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ͕ĂƐƐŝŶĂůĞĂĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗

244
ϭϮ͘ ƵƌĂŶƚĞĂ'ƵĞƌƌĂ&ƌŝĂ͕ĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĞϭϵϲϬ͕Ž ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

ŵƵŶĚŽ ĨŽŝ ĚŝǀŝĚŝĚŽ͕ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĚŽ͕ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽͲƐĞ ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ůŝŐĂĚŽƐ ĂŽ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĂŽ ƌĞŐŝŵĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ Ă ĞƐƐĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƉĞƌşŽĚŽĠ͗ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
;Ϳ;Ϳ EŽƌƚĞ;ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽͿĞ^Ƶů
;ƐƵďĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽͿ
;Ϳ;ͿWĂşƐĞƐĐĞŶƚƌĂŝƐĞƉĞƌŝĨĠƌŝĐŽƐ
;Ϳ;ͿDĞƚƌſƉŽůĞƐĞĐŽůƀŶŝĂƐ ϯ͘ϭ͘'ůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
;Ϳ;ͿWĂşƐĞƐĚĞƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ͕ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽĞƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŽ
ŵƵŶĚŽƐ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŝƚĂĚĂ
ƉĂƌĂ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌ ĂĚŝŶąŵŝĐĂ ĂƚƵĂůĚŽ ĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐŵŽ
ϭϯ͘ YƵĂů ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂ Ƶŵ ŵƵŶĚŝĂů͕ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ă ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ͕ ƚŽƚĂů ŽƵ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ ĚĞ ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂů ĂƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĐŝĂů͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ ĚŽ ƉůĂŶĞƚĂ͕
ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐƉƌŽǆŝŵŝĚĂĚĞƐĞŶƚƌĞƐĞƵƐƚĞƌƌŝƚſƌŝŽƐ͍ ŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂĚĂƉĞůŽƐĂǀĂŶĕŽƐĞŵĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ͘ ƐƐĂ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ ŐůŽďĂů Ġ Ƶŵ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĐŽŶƚşŶƵŽ͕ ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ ƵŵĂ

245
ĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶĞǆĆŽ ƐŽĐŝŽĞƐƉĂĐŝĂů Ğŵ

ĞƐĐĂůĂŐůŽďĂů͘
ƐƐĞŶĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĂŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽŶĆŽĠƵŵ
ĞǀĞŶƚŽ ŝƐŽůĂĚŽ͕ ŵĂƐ Ƶŵ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ Ğŵ
ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚĞ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͕ ĂŵƉůŝĂŶĚŽ
ƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ ŵƵŶĚŝĂů͘
,ŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĂƐ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ŐůŽďĂŝƐ ƐĞ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƌĂŵ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĞǀŽůƵŝŶĚŽ
ĚĞ ŵĠƚŽĚŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ůĞŶƚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ ƌĄƉŝĚŽƐ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬŝŶĐƌŝǀĞůŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŐƌĂŶĚĞƐͲŶĂǀĞŐĂĐŽĞƐͲ
ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ĂƚƵĂŝƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂƌĆŽ Ă ƐĞ ĞƌĂͲĚŽƐͲĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐͬ͘
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌŶŽĨƵƚƵƌŽ͘
/ŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ ŝŵƉƵůƐŝŽŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ ĚĂ
KƐĂǀĂŶĕŽƐŶŽƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĚĞĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ
ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽŝŶĐůƵĞŵĂƐƌĞǀŽůƵĕƁĞƐŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂŝƐ͕
Ğ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ ƐĆŽ ƉŝůĂƌĞƐ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ ĚĂ
ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞĂZĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽdĠĐŶŝĐŽͲŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐĂͲ
ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĂƚƵĂů͕ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽƵŵĂΗĂůĚĞŝĂŐůŽďĂůΗ
/ŶĨŽƌŵĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚŽƐĠĐƵůŽyy͕ƋƵĞŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐŽƵŽƐ
ŽŶĚĞ ĚŝƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐ ƐĞ ĞŶĐƵƌƚĂŵ
ĂǀĂŶĕŽƐ ŶŽƐ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐ ĚĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ
ŵĞƚĂĨŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƚŽƌŶĂŶĚŽ Ž ŵƵŶĚŽ
ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞƐ͘
ĂƉĂƌĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶŽƌ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚĞƐĐŽŵƉůŝĐĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĚͬǀƐͬĂƵůĂͬŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĐĂŽͲ ϯ͘ϯ͘ƐƉĞĐƚŽƐWŽƐŝƚŝǀŽƐĞEĞŐĂƚŝǀŽƐ
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂůͬ
ϯ͘Ϯ͘KƌŝŐĞŵĚĂ'ůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĂĨĞƚĂĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐĚĂ
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ ĚĞƐĚĞ Ă ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ ĂƚĠ Ă ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͘
ŽƌŝŐĞŵĚĂŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĠƵŵƚſƉŝĐŽĚĞ ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ƉĞƌŵŝƚĞ Ă ĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ
ĚĞďĂƚĞ͘ ůŐƵŶƐ ĂƵƚŽƌĞƐ ƐƵŐĞƌĞŵ ƋƵĞ ĞůĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŐůŽďĂŝƐ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵĠ
ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ ĐŽŵ Ă ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ ŵĂƌşƚŝŵĂ ĞƵƌŽƉĞŝĂ ĐƌŝƚŝĐĂĚĂ ƉŽƌ ŐĞƌĂƌ ĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ Ğ
ŶŽƐƐĠĐƵůŽƐysĞys/͘KƵƚƌŽƐĂƉŽŶƚĂŵƉĂƌĂĂ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ͕ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂƌ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ
ƐƵĂ ĨŽƌŵĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϵϴϬ͕ ĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĂƐĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕƁĞƐŐůŽďĂŝƐ͘
ŐĂŶŚĂŶĚŽĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞĂƉſƐĂƋƵĞĚĂĚŽDƵƌŽĚĞ
Ğƌůŝŵ͘

246
ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ Ġ Ƶŵ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĐŽŶƚşŶƵŽ

ĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ŐůŽďĂů͕ ŝŵƉƵůƐŝŽŶĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽƐ
ĂǀĂŶĕŽƐ ƚĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ Ğŵ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ Ğ
ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ͕ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂŶĚŽͲƐĞŽƐƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐŽƐŶĂ
ĞƌĂĚĂ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ͘ ƐƚĞĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶĂ
ĨƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĨƌŽŶƚĞŝƌĂƐ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ͕ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ͕
ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐĞĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐĞŶƚƌĞƉĂşƐĞƐ͘
ϯ͘ϱ͘dƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞĞ&ůƵǆŽƐ'ůŽďĂŝƐ
ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĂĐĞůĞƌŽƵŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĞ
ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͕ ďĞŶƐ͕ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ĐĂƉŝƚĂů͕ ŽŶĚĞ Ă
ƌĂƉŝĚĞǌŶĂƐƚƌŽĐĂƐƌĞĨůĞƚĞĂŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƐƐĞ
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ͘ ,ŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ă ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉƚ͘ƐůŝĚĞƐŚĂƌĞ͘ŶĞƚͬƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌƵŝůƐŽŶͬŐůŽďůǌĂŽͲ
ϮϱϬϲϬϰϯϮ ŵĞŝŽƐĚĞƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞƚĞǀĞƵŵƉĂƉĞůĐƌƵĐŝĂů͘
ϯ͘ϰ͘ĨĞŝƚŽƐĚĂ'ůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
KƐŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐĚĂŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽƐĆŽǀĂƐƚŽƐĞ
ǀĂƌŝĂĚŽƐ͘ Ɛ ƌĞĚĞƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ Ğ
ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ Ă ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ ĚĞ
ĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ ŵƵůƚŝŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ Ğ Ă ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ďůŽĐŽƐĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐƐĆŽĂůŐƵŶƐĚĞƐĞƵƐĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ
ŶŽƚĄǀĞŝƐ͘ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ͕ĂŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽƚĞŵƉĂƉĞů
ĐĞŶƚƌĂů ŶĂ ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ Ğ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŵĞŐĂƚŝŵĞƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬϮϬϭϳͬϭϭͬdƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ
Ɛ͘Śƚŵů
ĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐŵŽ͕ ĨĂǀŽƌĞĐĞŶĚŽ ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŶƐ
ŶĞŽůŝďĞƌĂŝƐĐŽŵŵşŶŝŵĂŝŶƚĞƌǀĞŶĕĆŽĞƐƚĂƚĂůŶĂ WŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ƵŵĂǀŝĂŐĞŵĚĞWŽƌƚƵŐĂůĂŽ
ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͘ ƌĂƐŝů ůĞǀĂǀĂ ĐĞƌĐĂ ĚĞ ƐĞŝƐ ŵĞƐĞƐ Ğŵ ϭϱϬϬ͕
ŵ ƌĞƐƵŵŽ͕ Ă ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ Ġ Ƶŵ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ŚŽũĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ĨĞŝƚĂ Ğŵ ŚŽƌĂƐ͘
ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽŵƵůƚŝĨĂĐĞƚĂĚŽ͕ŶĆŽůŝŶĞĂƌĞǀĂƌŝĄǀĞů͕ ŵďŽƌĂ Ă ĚŝƐƚąŶĐŝĂ ĨşƐŝĐĂ ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĕĂ
ƌĞĨůĞƚŝŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ĐŽŵƉůĞǆĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ž ŝŶĂůƚĞƌĂĚĂ͕ Ă ƌĞĚƵĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ ĚĞ ǀŝĂŐĞŵ
ůŽĐĂů Ğ Ž ŐůŽďĂů͕ ŵŽůĚĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ž ĨĂĐŝůŝƚŽƵŽƐĨůƵǆŽƐĞĂŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽŐůŽďĂů͘
ŵƵŶĚŽĞŵƋƵĞǀŝǀĞŵŽƐ͘

247
ϯ͘ϲ͘ƌĂĚĂ/ŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĞŽŶĞǆĆŽ'ůŽďĂů
KƐ ĂǀĂŶĕŽƐ ƚĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ ƚġŵ ŶŽƐ

ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚŽ͕ ƐĞũĂ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ŽƵ ƉĞůŽ
ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ ƌĄƉŝĚŽ͕ ΗĞŶĐƵƌƚĂŶĚŽΗ ĚŝƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐ͘
ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĂƐƐŝƐƚŝƌŶŽƚşĐŝĂƐĞŵƚĞŵƉŽƌĞĂů
ĚĞ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ ŽƵ ĂĚƋƵŝƌŝƌ
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐ ĚĞ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĞǆĞŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂ ĞƐƚĂ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƐĞŐƌĞĚŽƐĚŽŵƵŶĚŽ͘ƌϳ͘ĐŽŵͬŵĂĨĂůĚĂͬ
ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ͘ ĞƌĂ ĚĂ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ

,ĂůůŽǁĞĞŶ͗ KƌŝŐŝŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ƵŵĂ
ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞ ƵŵĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀĂ ĚŽ
ĐĞůĞďƌĂĕĆŽ ŶŽƌƚĞͲĂŵĞƌŝĐĂŶĂ͕ ĂŐŽƌĂ Ġ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝŶĚŽ Ă ƚƌŽĐĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů
ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚĂ Ğŵ ǀĄƌŝĂƐ ƉĂƌƚĞƐ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͕
ŐůŽďĂů͘
ŝŶĐůƵƐŝǀĞŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘
'ĂƐƚƌŽŶŽŵŝĂ͗ ZĞƐƚĂƵƌĂŶƚĞƐ Ğŵ
ƐŚŽƉƉŝŶŐƐ ŽĨĞƌĞĐĞŵ ƵŵĂ ǀĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ
ĐŽŵŝĚĂƐŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘
>şŶŐƵĂ/ŶŐůĞƐĂ͗dŽƌŶŽƵͲƐĞŽŝĚŝŽŵĂŐůŽďĂů
ƉĂƌĂĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ͕ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞŶĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘
WƌŽŐƌĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĞdsĞ:ŽŐŽƐ͗WƌŽŐƌĂŵĂƐĞ
ũŽŐŽƐĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐĞŵƵŵƉĂşƐƐĆŽĂĐĞƐƐşǀĞŝƐ
ŐůŽďĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ŝŶĨŽĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ĐŽŵͬƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞͬĞƌĂͲĚĂͲ
ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĐĂŽͬ ϯ͘ϴ͘/ŵƉĂĐƚŽƵůƚƵƌĂů
ϯ͘ϳ͘ǆĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞ'ůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽĂŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂŽĂĐĞƐƐŽ
ĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐ͕ƚĂŵďĠŵ
ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂ Ž ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ ƉŽĚĞůĞǀĂƌăƵŶŝĨŽƌŵŝǌĂĕĆŽĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͕ŽĨƵƐĐĂŶĚŽ
ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůĞŐůŽďĂů͕ĞǆƉĂŶĚŝŶĚŽŝĚĞŝĂƐ͕ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐ ƚƌĂĚŝĕƁĞƐůŽĐĂŝƐĞŵĨĂǀŽƌĚĞƉĂĚƌƁĞƐŐůŽďĂŝƐ͘
ĞƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐŵƵŶĚŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͘WŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͗ ŵ ƌĞƐƵŵŽ͕ Ă ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ Ġ Ƶŵ
DĂĨĂůĚĂ͗ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ ĂƌŐĞŶƚŝŶĂ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĐŽŵƉůĞǆŽƋƵĞŵŽůĚĂĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ŐĂŶŚŽƵ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞ ŐůŽďĂů ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚĞ Ă ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞŶĚŽ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ Ğ
ƉƵďůŝĐĂĕƁĞƐĞĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘ ŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶĞǆĆŽ Ğŵ ǀĄƌŝĂƐĞƐĨĞƌĂƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ

248
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ ĚĞƐĂĨŝŽƐ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ ă ϭϱ͘ ǆƉůŝƋƵĞ Ž ƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ

ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽĚĂĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͘ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǀĂůŽƌ͘ŐůŽďŽ͘ĐŽŵͬŽƉŝŶŝĂŽͬĐŽůƵŶĂͬŽͲƋƵĞͲǀĞŵͲ
ĂͲƐĞŐƵŝƌͲŶĂͲŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĐĂŽ͘ŐŚƚŵů
ϭϲ͘ ǆƉůŝƋƵĞ Ƶŵ ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽ Ğ Ƶŵ
ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽĚĂŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘
ϭϰ͘ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝ Ž ĞƐƚĄŐŝŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŵĄǆŝŵŽ ĚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ Ă ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĂŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂͲŵƵŶĚŽ ĚĞ ƚŽĚŽƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŽƐ ůƵŐĂƌĞƐ Ğ ĚĞ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ͕ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
logicamente em graus diferentes. Os “graus ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
diferentes” citados acima referemͲƐĞ͗ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ăƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ŶşǀĞŝƐ ĚĞ ϭϳ͘ YƵĂŶĚŽĨĂůĂŵŽƐĚĞŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ŽƵǀŝŵŽƐ
ĂũƵƐƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĂ ĚŝǌĞƌƋƵĞŽŵƵŶĚŽĞŶĐŽůŚĞƵ͕ƋƵĞĂƐĚŝƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐ
ƵŵĂ ŽƌĚĞŵ ĚĞ ŚŽŵŽŐĞŶĞŝǌĂĕĆŽ ƐĞ ĞŶĐƵƌƚĂƌĂŵ͘ YƵĂů Ž ĨĂƚŽƌ ƋƵĞ ŶŽƐ ĨĂǌ
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů͖ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌŽŵƵŶĚŽŵĞŶŽƌ͍
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ă ƌĞƐŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽƐ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ

;Ϳ ƐůĞŶƚĞƐƋƵĞƵƐĂŵŽƐ͘
ĂŶƚŝŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĨƌĞŶƚĞĂŽƐĂǀĂŶĕŽƐĚŽ
;Ϳ KƐĂǀĂŶĕŽƐƚĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ͘
ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐƚĂĞŵĞƐĐĂůĂŵƵŶĚŝĂů͘
;Ϳ ƐĨƌŽŶƚĞŝƌĂƐƋƵĞĚĞŝǆĂƌĂŵĚĞĞǆŝƐƚŝƌ͘
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ă ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞƐŝŐƵĂů ĚĞ ĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ Ğ
;Ϳ KƐŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƐƋƵĞŽWůĂŶĞƚĂdĞƌƌĂĨĂǌ͘
ĂůĐĂŶĐĞ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂĞƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͘
ϭϴ͘ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞĂƵŵƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ă ŝŵƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĂ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
ĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞĂƐŶĂĕƁĞƐ͘YƵĂŝƐ
ĂƚŝŶŐŝƌƚŽĚŽŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂ͘
ƐĆŽŽƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐƋƵĞŝŵƉƵůƐŝŽŶĂƌĂŵŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ
ĚĞŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͍

249
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ Ϯϭ͘ ŽŵĞŶƚĞ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ĞƌĂ ĚĂ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ

ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽŶĞǆĆŽŐůŽďĂů͘
ϭϵ͘ ŽŵŽ ǀŽĐġ ƐĞ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚŽ
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ
ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƉĂƌĂĞƐƐĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ͍
K͕ D͘ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐŵŽ͘ ZŝŽ ĚĞ
:ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͕ĂŚĂƌ͕ϭϵϳϲ͘
'/E^͕ ŶƚŚŽŶǇ͘ K ŵƵŶĚŽ ŶĂ ĞƌĂ ĚĂ
ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘>ŝƐďŽĂ͗WƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ͕ϮϬϬϬ͘
ϮϬ͘ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ Ġ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ Ă /EE/͕KĐƚĂǀŝŽ͘ĞƌĂĚŽŐůŽďĂůŝƐŵŽ͘ϵ͘ĞĚ͘ZŝŽĚĞ
ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂŵƵŶĚŝĂů͘EĞƐƐĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͕ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚƵĞĂ :ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͗ŝǀŝůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘ ƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ϮϬϬϳ͘
>h͕E͘s͘ůƵƚĂƉĞůĂŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘^ĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ WĂƵůŽ͕ŝĨĞů͕ϭϵϲϭ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ZKZ/'h^͕D͘>͘WƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚŽĞƐƉĂĕŽĞĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͘^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͕>ŽǇŽůĂ͕ϭϵϴϯ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ^d/'>/d͕:ŽƐĞĨ͘'ůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ĐŽŵŽĚĂƌĐĞƌƚŽ͘^ĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ WĂƵůŽ͗ŽŵƉĂŶŚŝĂĚĂƐ
ůĞƚƌĂƐ͕ϮϬϬϳ͘
^/E'Z͕ WĂƵů͘ ŝǀŝƐĆŽ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů ĚŽ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ Ğ
ĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ ŵƵůƚŝŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ͕ ZW͕
ϭϵϳϲ͘
sÊd/E/͕ :ŽƐĠ tŝůůŝĂŵ͘ EŽǀĂƐ ŐĞŽƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ͘ ^ĆŽ
WĂƵůŽ͗ŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ͕ϮϬϬϯ͘

250
sÊd/E/͕ tŝůůŝĂŵ͘ 'ĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĂ 'ĞƌĂů Ğ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘

^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗ƚŝĐĂ͕ϮϬϬϱ͘
sÊd/E/͕ :ŽƐĠ tŝůůŝĂŵ͘ 'ĞŽĐƌşƚŝĐĂ–'ĞŽƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͘
^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͗WĂƉŝƌƵƐ͘ϮϬϬϴ͘

251
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z,/^dMZ/ ,ĂǀŝĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĚĞƐĐŽŶƚĞŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ

ĞŶƚƌĞ ĞůŝƚĞƐ ĞŵĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ƐƵďͲ
Ϭϵǐ^Z/ͲϬϭǐ/D^dZͲϮϬϮϰ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ŶĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĂ ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͘
'ƌƵƉŽƐ ŶĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĐŽŵĞĕĂǀĂŵ Ă ĞǆŝŐŝƌ
ŵĂŝŽƌƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽƉĞůĂǀŝĂĞůĞŝƚŽƌĂů͘ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ
ĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐŽŵŽƵ ĨŽƌĕĂƐ ĂŽ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͘ ƐƐĞƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ƐĞ
ƵŶŝƌĂŵ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ŐŽůƉĞ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƌƌƵďŽƵ Ă
KďũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂƐ
ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂĞĞǆƉƵůƐŽƵĂĨĂŵşůŝĂƌĞĂůĚŽƌĂƐŝů͘
ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶĂƐ Ğ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĂƵƚŽƌŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ͗ ĂƐ
ƚĞŶƐƁĞƐ Ğ ĚŝƐƉƵƚĂƐ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ
ĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌąŶĞŽ͘
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ ;&Ϭϵ,/ϬϭͿ ĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌ Ğ

ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚƵĂůŝǌĂƌŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕
ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͕ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ ĚĂ
ĞŵĞƌŐġŶĐŝĂĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘
DŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂĞŵĐƌŝƐĞ
WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ĞŵϭϱĚĞ
ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϵ͕ ĨŽŝ Ž ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ
ůŽŶŐŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ĐƌŝƐĞ ĚĂ ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ ŶŽ
WZK>DKZWj>/ ƌĂƐŝů͘KƌĞŐŝŵĞŵŽŶĄƌƋƵŝĐŽĐŽŵĞĕŽƵĂĞŶƚƌĂƌ
ĞŵĚĞĐĂĚġŶĐŝĂ ůŽŐŽ ĂƉſƐ Ž ĨŝŵĚĂ 'ƵĞƌƌĂ ĚŽ
,/^dMZ/KZ^/> WĂƌĂŐƵĂŝ͕ Ğŵ ϭϴϳϬ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƌĞƐƵůƚŽƵ ĚĂ
WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵŶŽĚŝĂ ŝŶĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĂ ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ ĚĞ ĂƚĞŶĚĞƌ ĂŽƐ
ϭϱ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϵ Ğ ĨŽŝ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐ Ğ ĂƐ ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƐ ĚĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ
ƵŵĂ ĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ Ğ ĐŝǀŝƐ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘
ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͘ ,ĂǀŝĂ hŵĂ ƐĠƌŝĞ ĚĞ ŶŽǀŽƐ ĂƚŽƌĞƐ Ğ ŶŽǀĂƐ
ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ĐŽŵ ƐĂůĄƌŝŽƐ Ğ ŝĚĞŝĂƐƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐƐƵƌŐŝƵĞŐĂŶŚŽƵĨŽƌĕĂƉŽƌŵĞŝŽ
ĐŽŵĂĐĂƌƌĞŝƌĂ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞĞůĞƐĞǆŝŐŝƌĞŵŽĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĚŽ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͕ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽ
ĚĞŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂƌƐƵĂƐƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ;ĂůŐŽƋƵĞ ŽĨŝĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞ ϭϴϳϬ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĨŽŝ
ƚŝŶŚĂƐŝĚŽƉƌŽŝďŝĚŽƉĞůĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂͿ͘ ůĂŶĕĂĚŽ Ž DĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽ ZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͘ Ž ƌĞĚŽƌ
ĚĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶĂƐ͕ ĨŽƌŵŽƵͲƐĞ Ƶŵ ŐƌƵƉŽ

252
ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ ƋƵĞŽƌŐĂŶŝǌŽƵƵŵ ŐŽůƉĞ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ă ƐĞ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚĞƐƐĞ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ƉĂşƐ ůĂŝĐŽ͘
ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂĞŵϭϴϴϵ͘ /ŶƚĞƌŶĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĂƐ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕƁĞƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ƐĞ
ŝƐƉƵƚĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ Ă ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƌĞƵŶŝƌĂŵĂŽƌĞĚŽƌĚĂŝĚĞŽůŽŐŝĂƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŝƐƚĂ͘
ǆĠƌĐŝƚŽĐŽŵŽƵŵĂŝŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂůƐĆŽ ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚŽ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŝƐŵŽ͕ ŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ
ĚŽŝƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐĚĞƉĞƐŽŶĞƐƐĂĐƌŝƐĞĚĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͘ ƉĂƐƐĂƌĂŵ Ă ƌĞŝǀŝŶĚŝĐĂƌ Ă ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ Ă
ĞǆŝŐġŶĐŝĂƉĞůĂŵŽĚĞƌŶŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƉĂşƐĨĞǌĐŽŵ ŵŽĚĞƌŶŝǌĂĕĆŽƋƵĞŽƌĂƐŝůŶĞĐĞƐƐŝƚĂǀĂƐĞĚĂƌŝĂ
ƋƵĞ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ĐŝǀŝƐ Ğ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ĞŶǆĞƌŐĂƐƐĞŵ ŶĂ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ
ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĂƐŽůƵĕĆŽƉĂƌĂŽƉĂşƐ͕ƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞĂ ĚŝƚĂƚŽƌŝĂů͘ ƐƐŝŵ͕ ĞůĞƐ ĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĂǀĂŵ ƋƵĞ ĞƌĂ
ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂĐŽŵĞĕŽƵĂƐĞƌĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂŝŶĐĂƉĂǌ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽĞƐĐŽůŚĞƌƵŵŐŽǀĞƌŶĂŶƚĞƋƵĞĨŽƐƐĞ
ƉĂƌĂĂƐĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƐĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ĐŽŶĚƵǌŝƌŽƉĂşƐŶŽĐĂŵŝŶŚŽĚĂŵŽĚĞƌŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ
DŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ Ğ͕ ƐĞ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ͕ ĞƐƐĞ ŐŽǀĞƌŶĂŶƚĞ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂ ƐĞ
ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ĞƐƚĄ ĂĨĂƐƚĂƌĚĂƐǀŽŶƚĂĚĞƐƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐ͘
ĚŝƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂ ĐŽŵ Ă
ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚĂĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĕĆŽ͘ĞƉŽŝƐĚŝƐƐŽ͕ WŽůşƚŝĐĂĞƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ
ĞůĞƐ ĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵ Ă ĞǆŝŐŝƌ ŵĞůŚŽƌŝĂƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ŶŽ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ZĞŝŶĂĚŽ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ĨŽŝ
ĐĂƌƌĞŝƌĂ ĐŽŵŽ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĂŽƐ ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐ ĐŽŵƉůŝĐĂĚĂ͕ ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ďƌŝŐĂ ĨĞƌƌĞŶŚĂ
ƉƌĞƐƚĂĚŽƐŶŽWĂƌĂŐƵĂŝ͘ƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĞǆŝŐġŶĐŝĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐĞůŝďĞƌĂŝƐ͘ƐƐĂƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽƐĞ
ĞƌĂŵ ŵĞůŚŽƌŝĂƐ ƐĂůĂƌŝĂŝƐ Ğ ŶŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĚĞ ĂŐƌĂǀŽƵĐŽŵĂĐƌŝƐĞĚĞƐƵďͲƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĞ
ƉƌŽŵŽĕĆŽ͘ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂƐ͘ EĂ ƐĞŐƵŶĚĂ ŵĞƚĂĚĞ ĚŽ
KƵƚƌĂ ĨŽƌƚĞ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕĆŽ ƚĞŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ y/y͕ Ž ĞŝǆŽ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ ĚŽ ƉĂşƐ ƚŝŶŚĂ
ĐŽŵŽĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŽǆĠƌĐŝƚŽďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĐŽŵ ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĚŽƐƵĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĚŽEŽƌĚĞƐƚĞƉĂƌĂŽ
Ă ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͘ KƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ĞŶƚĞŶĚŝĂŵͲƐĞ ĐŽŵŽ ^ƵĚĞƐƚĞ͘
ƚƵƚŽƌĞƐ ĚŽ ƐƚĂĚŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ Ğ͕ ƉŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ ũĄ ŚĂǀŝĂ ƐĞ
ƋƵĞƌŝĂŵ ƚĞƌ Ž ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ ĐŽůŽĐĂĚŽĐŽŵŽŽŐƌĂŶĚĞĐĞŶƚƌŽĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽĚŽ
ŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ƉƵďůŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ hŵ ĐĂƐŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ŵĂƐĂƐĞůŝƚĞƐƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐĚĞƐƚĂƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂƐĞ
ƐŝŵďſůŝĐŽĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵĞŵϭϴϴϰ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽŽĨŝĐŝĂů ŝŶĐŽŵŽĚĂǀĂŵ ƉĞůŽ ĨĂƚŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ƐƵĂ
^ĞŶĂDĂĚƵƌĞŝƌĂĨŽŝƉƵŶŝĚŽƉŽƌŵŽƐƚƌĂƌĂƉŽŝŽ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽŶĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĞƌĂƉĞƋƵĞŶĂ͘KƵƚƌĂƐ
ĂŽƐĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƐĚŽĞĂƌĄ͘ ƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂƐ ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĚĞĐĂĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕
ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƉƌŽĐƵƌŽƵ ĐŽŵŽŽZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽĞĂĂŚŝĂ͕ŐŽǌĂǀĂŵĚĞ
ĐĞŶƐƵƌĂƌ ŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ͕ ƉƌŽŝďŝŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ ĞůĞƐ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͘ ƐƐĂ
ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂƐƐĞŵƐƵĂƐŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐĞŵũŽƌŶĂŝƐĞŶĂƐ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽŝŶĚŝƐƉƀƐĂƐĞůŝƚĞƐĚĞƐƐĂƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂĐŽŵ
ĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ͘ ,ĂǀŝĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͕ĞŝƐƐŽŶŽƐĂũƵĚĂĂĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌ͕ƉŽƌ
ĞǆŝŐġŶĐŝĂƐĞŶƚƌĞŽƐŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐƉĂƌĂƋƵĞŽƌĂƐŝů ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞĂƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂĚĞ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽƚĞǀĞ

253
Ž ŵĂŝŽƌ ƉĂƌƚŝĚŽ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ ĚŽ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĂƚƌŝďƵşĂ ă ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ Ă

ZĞŝŶĂĚŽ͕ŽWĂƌƚŝĚŽZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽWĂƵůŝƐƚĂ;WZWͿ͘ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽƐ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ĚŽ ƉĂşƐ Ğ
,ĂǀŝĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐƵďͲƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŝŶĚŝĐĂǀĂ Ă ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ƐŽůƵĕĆŽ͘ K
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ŶŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽ͘ Ɛ ĐŝĚĂĚĞƐ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽ ĨŽŝ Ƶŵ ŶŽƌƚĞĂĚŽƌ ĚŽ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ĐƌĞƐĐŝĂŵ Ğ ŶŽǀŽƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ ƐĞ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽŶŽĨŝŵĚŽ/ŵƉĠƌŝŽ͘
ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĂŵ͘ ƐƐĞƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ĞŵĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ KƵƚƌĂ ĐĂƵƐĂ ƋƵĞ ƌĞĨŽƌĕŽƵ ŵƵŝƚŽ Ž
ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂǀĂŵ ŵĂŝŽƌ ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ ŶĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ ĨŽŝ Ă ĚĞĨĞƐĂ ĚĂ
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ Ğ Ž ĐĂŵŝŶŚŽ ƚŽŵĂĚŽ ĨŽŝ Ž ŝŶǀĞƌƐŽ͘ ĂďŽůŝĕĆŽ͘ K ĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐŵŽ ŵŽďŝůŝǌŽƵ Ă
KƐůŝďĞƌĂŝƐĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĂŵĂŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽĚŽǀŽƚŽƉĂƌĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϬ͕ Ğ
ĞŶĨƌĂƋƵĞĐĞƌ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ Ğ ŽƐ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽƐ ĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƐ ĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĂ Ă
ĨĂǌĞŶĚĞŝƌŽƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌĂŵĂƉƌŽǀĂƌĂ>Ğŝ^ĂƌĂŝǀĂ͕Ğŵϭϴϴϭ͘ Ğ ĨŽƌŵĂ ŐĞƌĂů͕ Ă ƐŽĐŝſůŽŐĂ ŶŐĞůĂ
ƐƐĂ ůĞŝ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶŽƵ ŶŽǀŽƐ ĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ ůŽŶƐŽ ƌĞƐƵŵĞƋƵĞ Ă ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ ƐĞ
ƉĂƌĂ ĞƐƚŝƉƵůĂƌ ƋƵĞŵ ƚĞƌŝĂ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĂŽ ǀŽƚŽ Ğ͕ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌŽƵŶŽƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƚƌŝƉĠ͗
ĂƉſƐƐƵĂĂƉƌŽǀĂĕĆŽ͕ŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞĞůĞŝƚŽƌĞƐŶŽ ● WĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƌĞƐƚƌŝƚĂ͖
ƌĂƐŝůĐĂŝƵĚĞϭ͘ϭϭϰ͘ϬϲϲƉĞƐƐŽĂƐƉĂƌĂϭϱϳ͘Ϯϵϲ ● ƐĐƌĂǀŝƐŵŽ ;Ğ ĞǆĐůƵƐĆŽ ĚŽ
ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐͮϭͮ͘ /ƐƐŽ ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚŝĂ Ă ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ϭ͕ϱй ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽĂĨƌŝĐĂŶŽͿ͖Ğ
ĚĂƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ĂƐĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƐ ● ĂƚŽůŝĐŝƐŵŽĐŽŵŽĚĞĨĞŶƐŽƌĚĂƐ
ƉŽƌ ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ ŶĆŽ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĂƚĞŶĚŝĚĂƐ Ğ Ă ŚŝĞƌĂƌƋƵŝĂƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘
ĞǆĐůƵƐĆŽĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞĨŽŝĂŵƉůŝĂĚĂ͘ Ɛ ĚĠĐĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ ϭϴϳϬ Ğ ϭϴϴϬ ǀŝĞƌĂŵ
ƐƐĂƐŶŽǀĂƐĞůŝƚĞƐƉĂƐƐĂƌĂŵĂŽĐƵƉĂƌŽƐ ũƵƐƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶĂƌĞƐƐĞƚƌŝƉĠ͕ƉŽŝƐŚĂǀŝĂ
ĞƐƉĂĕŽƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ ĚĞ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ Ğ ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ ŵĂŝŽƌ ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ ƐŽĐŝĂů͕ Ž
ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂǀĂŵ ƐƵĂƐ ŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐŵŽ ĞǆŝŐŝĂ Ă ŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŶĞŐƌŽ ŶĂ
ũŽƌŶĂŝƐ͕ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƉƷďůŝĐĂƐ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ Ğ Ž ůĂŝĐŝƐŵŽ ƉƌŽĐƵƌŽƵ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌ
ĞŵĚĞĨĞƐĂĚĞĐĂƵƐĂƐĐŽŵŽŽƐƚĂĚŽůĂŝĐŽͮϮͮ͘ ƵŵĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞůĂŝĐĂ͘
ƐƐĂ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ĚĂ
ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͕ ŽďǀŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƌĞĨŽƌĕŽƵ Ă ĐĂƵƐĂ WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ
ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶĂŶŽƉĂşƐ͘ ,ĂǀŝĂĞŶƚĆŽŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕƁĞƐĐŽŵĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂĞŵ
ŵ ϭϴϳϬ͕ ĨŽŝ ůĂŶĕĂĚŽ Ž DĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĐĂŵĂĚĂƐĚĂŶŽƐƐĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ůŝƚĞƐ
ZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͕ ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽ ƋƵĞ ĐƌŝƚŝĐĂǀĂ Ă ĞŵĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ͕ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ͕ ĐůĂƐƐĞƐ
ĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƉŽĚĞƌŶĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂĞĞǆŝŐŝĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐ͕ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŽƐ ĞƌĂŵ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ĐŽŵ
ƵŵŵŽĚĞůŽĨĞĚĞƌĂůŝƐƚĂŶŽƌĂƐŝů;ŵŽĚĞůŽƋƵĞ ĐƌşƚŝĐĂƐăŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͘dŽĚĂƐĞƐƐĂƐŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕƁĞƐ͕
ĚĄ ĂƵƚŽŶŽŵŝĂ ăƐ ƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂƐͿ͘ ƐƐĞ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽ

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Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŵ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϬ͕ ĚĞŵŝƐƐĆŽ ĚŽ sŝƐĐŽŶĚĞ ĚĞ KƵƌŽ WƌĞƚŽ ĚĂ
ƚŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞƵŵĂĐŽŶƐƉŝƌĂĕĆŽ͘ ƉƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ ŐĂďŝŶĞƚĞ ŵŝŶŝƐƚĞƌŝĂů͘ K
Ž ůŽŶŐŽ ĚĞƐƐĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ͕ ĂƐ ǀŝƐĐŽŶĚĞƐĞĚĞŵŝƚŝƵĞĨŽŝƉƌĞƐŽƉŽƌŽƌĚĞŵĚĞ
ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐƉƷďůŝĐĂƐĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵĂƐĞƚŽƌŶĂƌ ĞŽĚŽƌŽĚĂ&ŽŶƐĞĐĂ͘
ĐŽŵƵŶƐ͕ĞĐƌşƚŝĐĂƐĂŽŝŵƉĞƌĂĚŽƌĐƌĞƐĐŝĂŵ͘hŵ ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ŽŵĂƌĞĐŚĂůĞƐƚĂǀĂăĞƐƉĞƌĂ
ĂƚĞŶƚĂĚŽĐŽŶƚƌĂŽĐĂƌƌŽĚŽŝŵƉĞƌĂĚŽƌĞŵũƵůŚŽ ĚĞƋƵĞŽŝŵƉĞƌĂĚŽƌĨŽƐƐĞŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂƌƵŵŶŽǀŽ
ĚĞ ϭϴϴϵ ŵŽƚŝǀŽƵ Ž /ŵƉĠƌŝŽ Ă ƉƌŽŝďŝƌ ŐĂďŝŶĞƚĞĞ͕ƉŽƌŝƐƐŽ͕ĚĞƵǀŝǀĂƐĂ͘WĞĚƌŽ//Ğ
ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƉƷďůŝĐĂƐ Ğŵ ĚĞĨĞƐĂ ĚĂ ĞŶƚĆŽ ƌĞƚŽƌŶŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞƵ ĚŽŵŝĐşůŝŽ͘
ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ŵĂƐŽƌĂƐŝůĞƐƚĂǀĂĞŵƵŵĐĂŵŝŶŚŽ ĚĞƌƌƵďĂĚĂ ĚŽ ŐĂďŝŶĞƚĞ ŶĆŽ ĐŽůŽĐŽƵ Ĩŝŵ ĂŽƐ
ƐĞŵ ǀŽůƚĂ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ž ŐƌƵƉŽ ĚĞ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĞƌĂ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚŽ ĚŝĂ ϭϱ͕ Ğ ĂƐ ŶĞŐŽĐŝĂĕƁĞƐ
ŵƵŝƚŽŐƌĂŶĚĞ͘ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ƐĞŐƵŝƌĂŵ͘ ZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽƐ ĚĞĐŝĚŝƌĂŵ
ŵ ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϵ͕ Ă ĐŽŶƐƉŝƌĂĕĆŽ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌƵŵĂƐĞƐƐĆŽĞǆƚƌĂŽƌĚŝŶĄƌŝĂŶĂąŵĂƌĂ
ĞƐƚĂǀĂ Ğŵ ĐƵƌƐŽĞ ĐŽŶƚĂǀĂ ĐŽŵŶŽŵĞƐ ĐŽŵŽ DƵŶŝĐŝƉĂů ĚŽ ZŝŽ ĚĞ :ĂŶĞŝƌŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ĨŽƐƐĞ
ƌŝƐƚŝĚĞƐ >ŽďŽ͕ ĞŶũĂŵŝŶ ŽŶƐƚĂŶƚ͕ YƵŝŶƚŝŶŽ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ ƐŽůĞŶŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ŽĐĂŝƵǀĂ͕ ZƵŝ ĂƌďŽƐĂ͕ ^ſůŽŶ ZŝďĞŝƌŽ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘KƋƵĞĨĂůƚĂǀĂƉĂƌĂŽƐĐŽŶƐƉŝƌĂĚŽƌĞƐĞƌĂ WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ
ĂĂĚĞƐĆŽĚŽŵĂƌĞĐŚĂůĞŽĚŽƌŽĚĂ&ŽŶƐĞĐĂ͕Ƶŵ ŶĂ ąŵĂƌĂ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ ĂŶƵŶĐŝĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽ ǀĞƌĞĂĚŽƌ
ŵŝůŝƚĂƌ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶƚĞ Ğ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ :ŽƐĠĚŽWĂƚƌŽĐşŶŝŽ͘,ŽƵǀĞĐĞůĞďƌĂĕĆŽŶĂƐƌƵĂƐ
ůƵďĞDŝůŝƚĂƌ͘ ĚŽ ZŝŽ ĚĞ :ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ ŶĂ
ŵϭϬĚĞŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ͕ŽƐĚĞĨĞŶƐŽƌĞƐĚŽ ƉƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ƉƵǆĂŶĚŽ ǀŝǀĂƐ ă ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ Ğ
ŐŽůƉĞ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ă ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ ƐĞ ƌĞƵŶŝƌĂŵ ĐŽŵ ĐĂŶƚĂŶĚŽDĂƌƐĞůŚĞƐĂ;ĐĂŶĕĆŽƌĞǀŽůƵĐŝŽŶĄƌŝĂ
ĞŽĚŽƌŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŶǀĞŶĐġͲůŽ Ă ƚŽŵĂƌ ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂĚƵƌĂŶƚĞĂZĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ&ƌĂŶĐĞƐĂͿŶĂƐ
ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ ŶŽ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘ EŽƐ ĚŝĂƐ ƌƵĂƐĚĂĐĂƉŝƚĂů͘
ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ͕ŽƐďŽĂƚŽƐĚĞƋƵĞƵŵĂĐŽŶƐƉŝƌĂĕĆŽ ƵƌĂŶƚĞ ĞƐƐĂ ƐƵĐĞƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ
ĞƐƚĂǀĂĞŵĐƵƌƐŽĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵĂŐĂŶŚĂƌĨŽƌĕĂĞ͕ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĨŽŝŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĚĂƵŵĂƚĞŶƚĂƚŝǀĂ
ŶŽ ĚŝĂ ϭϰ͕ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĨĂůƐĂƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ĚĞ ƌĞƐŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ ƐŽď Ă ůŝĚĞƌĂŶĕĂ ĚĞ ŶĚƌĠ
ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ ĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵ Ă ƐĞƌ ĂŶƵŶĐŝĂĚĂƐ Ğŵ Rebouças e Conde d’Eu, marido da Princesa
ƉƷďůŝĐŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚĞ ĂƌƌĞŐŝŵĞŶƚĂƌ /ƐĂďĞů͕ ŵĂƐ ĞƐƐĂ ƌĞƐŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ ĨƌĂĐĂƐƐŽƵ͘ K
ĂƉŽŝĂĚŽƌĞƐ͘ ŝŵƉĞƌĂĚŽƌ ͘ WĞĚƌŽ // ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĐĞƵ ĐƌĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ
KŐŽůƉĞĐŽŶƚƌĂĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂƐĞŐƵŝƵŶŽ ƋƵĞĂƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽƐĞƌŝĂĨĂĐŝůŵĞŶƚĞƌĞƐŽůǀŝĚĂ͕ŵĂƐ
ĚŝĂ ϭϱ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ Ž ŵĂƌĞĐŚĂů ĞŽĚŽƌŽ ĚĂ ŶĆŽĨŽŝĂƐƐŝŵƋƵĞĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ͘
&ŽŶƐĞĐĂĞƚƌŽƉĂƐĨŽƌĂŵĂƚĠŽƋƵĂƌƚĞůͲŐĞŶĞƌĂů hŵ ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽƉƌŽǀŝƐſƌŝŽĨŽŝ ĨŽƌŵĂĚŽ͕ Ž
ůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĚŽŶŽĂŵƉŽĚŽ^ĂŶƚĂŶĂ͘&ŽŝĞǆŝŐŝĚĂĂ ŵĂƌĞĐŚĂů ĞŽĚŽƌŽ ĚĂ &ŽŶƐĞĐĂ ĨŽŝ ŶŽŵĞĂĚŽ

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ĐŽŵŽƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞĚŽƌĂƐŝů;ŽƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽĚĞŶŽƐƐĂ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂͿ Ğ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ ĐŽŵ Ž ŐŽůƉĞ
ĂƐƐƵŵŝƌĂŵƉĂƐƚĂƐ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐŶŽ ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ͘
ĨĂŵşůŝĂƌĞĂůĨŽŝĞǆƉƵůƐĂŶŽĚŝĂϭϲĚĞŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ
Ğ͕ŶŽĚŝĂƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ͕ĞŵďĂƌĐĂƌĂŵĐŽŵƐĞƵƐďĞŶƐ WZK>DKZWj>/D'K/^
ƉĂƌĂĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ>ŝƐďŽĂ͕ĞŵWŽƌƚƵŐĂů͘
WƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂƌůŽƐĠƐĂƌ,ŝŐĂ;^ĞĚƵĐͬ'ŽŝĄƐͿ
YƵĂŝƐĨŽƌĂŵĂƐĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ͍
WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ŵƵĚŽƵ
ƌĂĚŝĐĂůŵĞŶƚĞĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘dƌŽĐĂƌĂŵͲƐĞ
ŽƐ ƐşŵďŽůŽƐ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ŶŽǀŽƐ ŚĞƌſŝƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ
dŝƌĂĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚŽƐ͘ ůĠŵ ĚĂ
ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĚĂĨŽƌŵĂĚĞŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ͕ŽƌĂƐŝůƉĂƐƐŽƵ
Ă ƐĞƌ ƵŵĂ ŶĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵ ƉŽĚĞƌ ĚĞƐĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝǌĂĚŽ͕
ƉŽŝƐ ĨŽŝ ŝŵƉůĂŶƚĂĚŽ Ž ĨĞĚĞƌĂůŝƐŵŽ͘ DƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ
ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌĂŵ ŶŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĞůĞŝƚŽƌĂů͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ž ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ Jornal “O Estado de São Paulo”,
ĚĞǌĞŵďƌŽĚĞϭϴϴϵ
ĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽ ĐĞŶƐŝƚĄƌŝŽ ĨŽŝ ĂďĂŶĚŽŶĂĚŽ͕ Ğ ĨŽŝ
ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚŽ Ž ƐƵĨƌĄŐŝŽ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂů ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů ĨŽŝ ƉƌŽĐůĂŵĂĚĂ
ƉĂƌĂŚŽŵĞŶƐĐŽŵŵĂŝƐĚĞϮϭĂŶŽƐ͘
Ğŵ ϭϱ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϵ͕ ŵĂƐ Ă ŶŽƚşĐŝĂ
KƌĂƐŝůƐĞƚŽƌŶŽƵƵŵƐƚĂĚŽůĂŝĐŽ͕ĞŽ
ĚĞŵŽƌŽƵĂĐŚĞŐĂƌŶĂƐƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂƐ͘ŵ'ŽŝĄƐ͕Ă
ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶĐŝĂůŝƐŵŽ ƚŽƌŶŽƵͲƐĞ Ž ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĚĞ
ƋƵĞĚĂ ĚĂ DŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ Ğ Ă ĂƐĐĞŶƐĆŽ ĚŽƐ
ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ͘ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƚŽŵŽƵ
ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽƐĂŽƉŽĚĞƌƐſĨŽŝĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĞŵϭŽ
ĨŽƌŵĂ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĨŽŝ ƉƌŽŵƵůŐĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ ŶŽǀĂ
ĚĞĚĞǌĞŵďƌŽ͕ĚĞǌĞƐƐĞŝƐĚŝĂƐĚĞƉŽŝƐ͘ŝĚĂĚĞ
ŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽŶŽĂŶŽĚĞϭϴϴϵ͘ĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϴϵϬ
ĚĞ 'ŽŝĄƐ ƉĂƌŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ ǀĞƌ ŽƐ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽƐ
ĨŝĐŽƵ ŵĂƌĐĂĚĂƉŽƌƐĞƌƵŵƉĞƌşŽĚŽĚĞĚŝƐƉƵƚĂ
ĚĞƐĨŝůĂŶĚŽƉĞůĂƐƌƵĂƐĚĞƉĞĚƌĂƐĞƐĂƵĚĂŶĚŽĂ
ĞŶƚƌĞ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽƐ Ğ ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝƐƚĂƐ Ğ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƉƌŽĐůĂŵĂĚĂ͘ dĞǀĞ ĂƚĠ Ă
ĚĞŽĚŽƌŝƐƚĂƐĞĨůŽƌŝĂŶŝƐƚĂƐ͘
ΗDĂƌƐĞůŚĞƐĂΗ͕ũĄƋƵĞĞŵϭϴϴϵƐĞĐŽŵĞŵŽƌĂǀĂ
Ž ĐĞŶƚĞŶĄƌŝŽĚĂZĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ&ƌĂŶĐĞƐĂ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂďͬƉƌŽĐůĂŵĂĐĂŽ :ŽĂƋƵŝŵ yĂǀŝĞƌ 'ƵŝŵĂƌĆĞƐ EĂƚĂů ĞƌĂ Ž
ĚĂƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂ͘Śƚŵ ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϯĚĞŶŽǀĚĞϮϬϮϬ͘
ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞĚŽĚŝƌĞƚſƌŝŽƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽĞŵ'ŽŝĄƐ͘
ŽƵďĞĂĞůĞĂŶƵŶĐŝĂƌŽƋƵĞĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵŶŽZŝŽ
ĚĞ :ĂŶĞŝƌŽ ĚŝĂƐ ĂŶƚĞƐ Ğ ĂĐůĂŵŽƵ Ž 'ŽǀĞƌŶŽ

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WƌŽǀŝƐſƌŝŽ͘ĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵŽũŽƌŶĂůΗWƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͘ YƵĂŝƐ ĞƌĂŵ

ĚĞ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽΗ͗ Η&Ğǌ ĞŶƚĆŽ Ž ƌ͘ EĂƚĂů Ă ĞƐƐĂƐ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƌĞŝǀŝŶĚŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞƐƚĞƐ
WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ Ğ ůĞǀĂŶƚŽƵ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ͍
ĞŶƚƵƐŝĄƐƚŝĐŽƐ ǀŝǀĂƐ ă EĂĕĆŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ ă ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ ĂŽ ǆĠƌĐŝƚŽ͕ă ƌŵĂĚĂ͕ ă WƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĚĞ'ŽŝĄƐΗ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĨĞƐƚĂ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ ŶŽ >ĂƌŐŽ ĚŽ WĂůĄĐŝŽ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽƐĞĚĂǀĂŵǀŝǀĂƐăZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ĨŽƌŵŽƵͲ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƐĞĂƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂũƵŶƚĂƉƌŽǀŝƐſƌŝĂĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĞŵ
ŶŽƐƐŽĞƐƚĂĚŽĐŽŵƉŽƐƚĂƉŽƌ'ƵŝŵĂƌĆĞƐEĂƚĂů͕ ϮͿ YƵĂůĨŽŝƵŵĚŽƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐƋƵĞůĞǀŽƵ
:ŽƐĠ :ŽĂƋƵŝŵ ĚĞ ^ŽƵƐĂ Ğ Ž DĂũŽƌ ƵŐĞŶŝŽ Ž ƌĞŐŝŵĞŵŽŶĄƌƋƵŝĐŽĂĞŶƚƌĂƌĞŵĚĞĐĂĚġŶĐŝĂ͍
ƵŐƵƐƚŽ ĚĞ DĞůŽ͘ ĞƉŽŝƐ ĚŽƐ ĨĞƐƚĞũŽƐ͕ ƚŽĚŽ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŵƵŶĚŽ ǀŽůƚŽƵ ƉĂƌĂ ĐĂƐĂ ĂŐƵĂƌĚĂŶĚŽ ŵĂŝƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŶŽƚşĐŝĂƐƐŽďƌĞŽŶŽǀŽŐŽǀĞƌŶŽĚŽƌĂƐŝů͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ϯͿ hŵĂ ƐĠƌŝĞ ĚĞ ŶŽǀŽƐ ĂƚŽƌĞƐ Ğ ŶŽǀĂƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ

ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ƐƵƌŐŝƵ Ğ ŐĂŶŚŽƵ ĨŽƌĕĂ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚŽ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͕ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽ
ŽĨŝĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞ ϭϴϳϬ͕ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĨŽŝ
ůĂŶĕĂĚŽŽ
;ͿDĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽĐŽŵƵŶŝƐƚĂ
>ŝŶŬĚŽǀşĚĞŽĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ͗ ;ͿDĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽĚĂƐŶĂĕƁĞƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсdϮŐD<Ɖ^YhΘƚ
сϰƐ ͘ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϮŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ͘ ;ͿDĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ
;ͿDĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽDŽŶĄƌƋƵŝĐŽ
ϰͿ WĞƐƋƵŝƐĞŶŽƐŵĞŝŽƐƋƵĞǀŽĐġƚĞŵĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů
ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ǀŽĐġ ƚĞŶŚĂ ŵĞůŚŽƌ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ
ϭͿ WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ ŶŽ
ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ƋƵĞ ĨŽŝ Ž DĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽ ZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͘
ĚŝĂϭϱĚĞŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽĚĞϭϴϴϵĞĨŽŝƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĞ
ĞƐƚĂƋƵĞŽƋƵĞĨŽŝĞƐƚĞŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽĞƋƵĂůĞƌĂ
ƵŵĂ ĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ Ğ ĐŝǀŝƐ
Ž ƐĞƵƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ͘

257
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ĨĂǌĞŶĚĞŝƌŽƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ

ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌĂŵĂƉƌŽǀĂƌĂ>Ğŝ^ĂƌĂŝǀĂ͕Ğŵϭϴϴϭ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ; Ϳ Ž ĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐŵŽ ŵŽďŝůŝǌŽƵ Ă ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϬ͕ Ğ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƉĂƌƚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚŽƐĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƐĞƌĂŵĐŽŶƚƌĂĂƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŐŽƌĂƌĞĞƐĐƌĞǀĂĂƐĨƌĂƐĞƐĨĂůƐĂƐĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƋƵĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞůĂƐƐĞƚŽƌŶĞŵǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ͘
ϱͿ ĂƐ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ ƐĞŐƵŝƌ ŵĂƌƋƵĞ ;sͿƉĂƌĂ ĂƐ

ϲͿ ,ĂǀŝĂ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕƁĞƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ Ğŵ
ƋƵĞ ĨŽƌĞŵ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ Ğ ;&Ϳ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐ ĨĂůƐĂƐ͘
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĐĂŵĂĚĂƐĚĂŶŽƐƐĂƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘dŽĚĂƐ
^ŽďƌĞĂĞŵĞƌŐġŶĐŝĂĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂƉŽĚĞͲƐĞĚŝǌĞƌ
ĞƐƐĂƐ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕƁĞƐ͕ Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŵ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ ŶĂ
ƋƵĞ
ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϬ͕ ƚŽƌŶĂƌĂŵͲƐĞ ƵŵĂ
ĐŽŶƐƉŝƌĂĕĆŽ͘ YƵĂŝƐ ĞƌĂŵ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ
; Ϳ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚŽ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŝƐŵŽ͕ ŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ
ĐŽŵĐƌşƚŝĐĂƐăŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͍
ƉĂƐƐĂƌĂŵ Ă ƌĞŝǀŝŶĚŝĐĂƌ Ă ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ Ă
ŵŽĚĞƌŶŝǌĂĕĆŽƋƵĞŽƌĂƐŝůŶĞĐĞƐƐŝƚĂǀĂƐĞĚĂƌŝĂ
ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ
ĚŝƚĂƚŽƌŝĂů͘
;ͿĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂŶŽ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽZĞŝŶĂĚŽƐĞŵƉƌĞĨŽŝ
ĐŽŵƉůŝĐĂĚĂ͕ ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ĚŝƐƉƵƚĂ ĞŶƚƌĞ
ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐĞůŝďĞƌĂŝƐ͘
;ͿŶĂƐĞŐƵŶĚĂŵĞƚĂĚĞĚŽƐĠĐƵůŽy/y͕ŽĞŝǆŽ
ϳͿ KƐ ůŝďĞƌĂŝƐ ĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĂŵ ĂŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ǀŽƚŽ
ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ ĚŽ ƉĂşƐ ƚŝŶŚĂ ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĚŽ ƐƵĂ
ƉĂƌĂ ĞŶĨƌĂƋƵĞĐĞƌ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ Ğ ŽƐ
ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĚŽ^ƵĚĞƐƚĞƉĂƌĂŽEŽƌĚĞƐƚĞ͘
ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ĨĂǌĞŶĚĞŝƌŽƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ
; Ϳ Ă ƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ ũĄ ŚĂǀŝĂ ƐĞ
ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌĂŵ ĂƉƌŽǀĂƌ Ă >Ğŝ ^ĂƌĂŝǀĂ͕ Ğŵ ϭϴϴϭ͘
ĐŽůŽĐĂĚŽĐŽŵŽŽŐƌĂŶĚĞĐĞŶƚƌŽĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽĚŽ
ŵƋƵĞĐŽŶƐŝƐƚŝĂĞƐƐĂůĞŝ͍ƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ĐŽŵŽĠ
ƌĂƐŝů͕ŵĂƐĂƐĞůŝƚĞƐƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐĚĞƐƐĂƉƌŽǀşŶĐŝĂƐĞ
Ă ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ĚŽ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĂŽ ǀŽƚŽ͍ ǆŝƐƚĞ
ŝŶĐŽŵŽĚĂǀĂŵ ƉĞůŽ ĨĂƚŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ƐƵĂ
ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶĕĂŽƵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂŶĞƐƐĞƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ͍
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽŶĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĞƌĂƉĞƋƵĞŶĂ͘
; Ϳ ŽƐ ůŝďĞƌĂŝƐ ĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĂŵ ĂŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ǀŽƚŽ
ƉĂƌĂ ĞŶĨƌĂƋƵĞĐĞƌ ŽƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ Ğ ŽƐ

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ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ϭϵϯϬ͕ƚĞŶĚŽƐŝĚŽŝŶŝĐŝĂĚŽĐŽŵĂWƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƋƵĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ Ğŵ ϭϱ ĚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϵ Ğ ĞŶĐĞƌƌŽƵͲƐĞ ĐŽŵ Ă
ĚĞƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ tĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶ >ƵşƐ ĐŽŵŽ
ϴͿ YƵĂŝƐ ĂƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĂ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĂ ZĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϯϬ͘ ƐƐĞ
WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ Ġ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽ ƉŽƌ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂsĞůŚĂ͕ŵĂƐĞŶƚƌĞŽƐ ŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂĚŽƌĞƐŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƚĞƌŵŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞĨĞƌŝƌ Ă ĞƐƐĞ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ Ġ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ
WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĨŽŝŝŶŝĐŝĂĚĂĐŽŵĂ
WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ƋƵĞĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵŶŽ
ĚŝĂϭϱĚĞŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽĚĞϭϴϴϵ͘ĚĞƌƌƵďĂĚĂĚĂ
ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ ŽĐŽƌƌĞƵ ƉĞůĂ ƉĞƌĚĂ ĚĞ ĂƉŽŝŽ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ƌĞŐŝŵĞ ƐĞ
KďũĞƚŽĚĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂ ƚŽƌŶĂƐƐĞŝŵƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞŶƚƌĞĂƐĞůŝƚĞƐĚŽƌĂƐŝů͘KƐ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĞƐĞƵƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐĚĞƐĚŽďƌĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ͕ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĞŝƚŽƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ ŚĄ
ƚĞŵƉŽƐ͕ Ğ ƵŵĂ ƉĂƌĐĞůĂ ĚĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ Đŝǀŝů͕
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ ;&Ϭϵ,/ϬϮͿ ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂƌ Ğ ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽŽƐŽůŝŐĂƌĐĂƐƉĂƵůŝƐƚĂƐ͕ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂƌĂŵ
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ ŽƐ ĐŝĐůŽƐ ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ƵŵŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƉĂƌĂĚĞƌƌƵďĂƌĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͘
ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶĂ͕ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂŶĚŽ ƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌŝĚĂĚĞƐ ŵ ϭϱ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ͕ ůŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůŽ
ĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂůŽĐĂůĞƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůĂƚĠϭϵϱϰ͘ ŵĂƌĞĐŚĂů ĞŽĚŽƌŽ ĚĂ &ŽŶƐĞĐĂ͕ ŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ
ĚĞƐƚŝƚƵşƌĂŵ Ž sŝƐĐŽŶĚĞ ĚĞ KƵƌŽ WƌĞƚŽ ĚŽ
'ĂďŝŶĞƚĞ DŝŶŝƐƚĞƌŝĂů͘ Ž ůŽŶŐŽ ĚŽ ĚŝĂ͕ ĂƐ
ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ůĞǀĂƌĂŵ :ŽƐĠ ĚŽ
WZ/D/ZZWj>/ WĂƚƌŽĐşŶŝŽĂƉƌŽĐůĂŵĂƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂŶĂąŵĂƌĂ
WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĨŽŝ ŝŶŝĐŝĂĚĂ ĐŽŵ Ă DƵŶŝĐŝƉĂů ĚŽ ZŝŽ ĚĞ :ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͘ /ƐƐŽ ŵĂƌĐŽƵ Ž
WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ Ğ ĨŝĐŽƵ ŵĂƌĐĂĚĂ ŝŶşĐŝŽĚĂWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘
ƉĞůŽ ƉƌĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ ĚĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ ŶĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ
ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘ƐƐĞƉĞƌşŽĚŽĞŶĐĞƌƌŽƵͲƐĞĞŵϭϵϯϬ͘
WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ Ġ Ž ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĚĂ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů ƋƵĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϵ Ă

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WĞƌŝŽĚŝǌĂĕĆŽ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ ƐŽďƌĞ ŶŽƐƐŽ ƉĂşƐ͘ Ɛ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ

WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ ũĄ ĞƌĂŵ ĨŽƌĕĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ďĂƐĞĂǀĂŵ Ž ƐĞƵ
ŵĞŶĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ͕ĞƐƚĞŶĚĞƵͲƐĞĚĞϭϴϴϵĂϭϵϯϬ͘hŵ ƉŽĚĞƌ Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ ƉŽƐƐĞƐ͕ ŝƐƚŽ Ġ͕ ŶĂ ƚĞƌƌĂ ;ŽƐ
ƉĞƌşŽĚŽĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽĚĂWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ƋƵĞ ŽůŝŐĂƌĐĂƐ ĞƌĂŵ͕ Ğŵ ŐĞƌĂů͕ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ
ĨŽŝĚĞϭϴϴϵĂϭϴϵϰ͕ƚĂŵďĠŵĠĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽĐŽŵŽ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞƚĄƌŝŽƐĚĞƚĞƌƌĂͿ͘
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĚĂ ƐƉĂĚĂ͘ ƐƐĞ ŶŽŵĞ ƐĞ ĚĞǀĞ ĂŽ K ƉƌĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ ĚĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă
ĨĂƚŽ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĚŽŝƐ ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞƐ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽƌĂƐŝůĐŽŵĞĕŽƵĂƐĞƌĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĚŽĂ
;ĞŽĚŽƌŽĚĂ&ŽŶƐĞĐĂĞ&ůŽƌŝĂŶŽWĞŝǆŽƚŽͿĨŽƌĂŵ ƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĞϭϴϵϰ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽWƌƵĚĞŶƚĞĚĞDŽƌĂŝƐĨŽŝ
ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ͘ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĚĂƐƉĂĚĂ͕ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ĠƵŵ ĞůĞŝƚŽ ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ͘ ĞůĞŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ WƌƵĚĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ
ƉĞƌşŽĚŽŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĚŽăWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ DŽƌĂŝƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ŵĂƌĐŽƵ Ž Ĩŝŵ ĚŽ ĐŝƚĂĚŽ
dŽĚĂ Ă WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ ĚŝǀŝĚŝĚĂ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽĐŽŵŽZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĚĂƐƉĂĚĂ͘
ĞŵƚƌġƐŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĨĂƐĞƐ͕ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŽ K ƉƌĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ ĚĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ ƌĞƐƵůƚŽƵ Ğŵ
ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌDĂƌĐŽƐEĂƉŽůŝƚĂŶŽ͗ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂƐ
ŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĕĆŽ ;ϭϴϴϵͲϭϴϵϴͿ͗ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐŵĂƌĐĂƐĚĂWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
ƉĞůĂ ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ ƐƐĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƐĆŽ Ž
ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ &Žŝ ŵĂŶĚŽŶŝƐŵŽ͕ŽĐůŝĞŶƚĞůŝƐŵŽĞŽĐŽƌŽŶĞůŝƐŵŽ͘
ĂƐƐŝŶĂůĂĚŽƉŽƌĐƌŝƐĞƐŶĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĞŶĂĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͘ ƐƐĂƐ ƚƌġƐ ƐŝŵďŽůŝǌĂŵ Ž ƉŽĚĞƌ ĚĂƐ ĞůŝƚĞƐ
/ŶƐƚŝƚƵĐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ;ϭϴϵϴͲϭϵϮϭͿ͗ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ŶŽ ĂŐƌĄƌŝĂƐ ĚŽ ƉĂşƐ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĚŽ ŶĂ ƉŽƐƐĞ ĚĞ
ƋƵĂůĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚĂWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƚĞƌƌĂƐ͕ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂƌ Ž ƉŽĚĞƌ ĚŽƐ
ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ĚĞǀŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĚĂ͘ ƋƵŝ ƐĞ ĐŽƌŽŶĠŝƐƐŽďƌĞĂƐƌĞŐŝƁĞƐŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĂŶĂƐĚŽƌĂƐŝů
ĚĞĨŝŶŝƌĂŵƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐĐŽŵŽĂĚŽƐŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐĞ ĞĂƚƌŽĐĂĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞ͕ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂů
ĚŽĐĂĨĠĐŽŵůĞŝƚĞ͘ ƉĂƌĂĂƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĂƐŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐŶŽƉŽĚĞƌ͘
ƌŝƐĞ ;ϭϵϮϭͲϭϵϯϬͿ͗ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ŶŽ ƋƵĂů ĂƐ KƵƚƌĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞƐƐĞ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ
ĞŶƚƌĂƌĂŵĞŵĐƌŝƐĞƉŽƌĐŽŶƚĂĚĂŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĕĆŽ ƋƵĞ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂǀĂŵ ĂƐ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ŶŽ ąŵďŝƚŽ
ĚĞŶŽǀŽƐĂƚŽƌĞƐŶĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘ŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘ ƋƵŝ ĞƐƚĂŵŽƐ ĨĂůĂŶĚŽ ĚĂ
ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵşƌĂŵ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽƐŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐĞĚĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽĐĂĨĠ
ƉĂƌĂŽĨŝŵĚĂWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ ĐŽŵ ůĞŝƚĞ͘ ƐƐĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ƌĞĚƵǌŝƌĂŵ ŽƐ ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐ
WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ŶĆŽ ĂĐĂďĂƌĂŵ ĐŽŵ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ sĞůŚĂ͕ Ġ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĞůĞƐ͘
ĐŽŵŽZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂKůŝŐĄƌƋƵŝĐĂĞŝƐƐŽƉŽƌƋƵĞĞƐƐĞ
ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĨŝĐŽƵ ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ƉƌĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ ĚĂƐ

260
WŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽƐŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ ĨĞĚĞƌĂůĞĨŝĐĂƐƐĞŵƌĞĚƵǌŝĚŽƐĂƉĞŶĂƐĂŽąŵďŝƚŽ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĞƐƚĂĚƵĂů͘
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĐŽŵŽƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽƐĞƐƚĂĚŽƐ͕ĨŽŝĐƌŝĂĚĂ K ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ
ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ĚĞ ĂŵƉŽƐ ^ĂůĞƐ͕ ŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐĚĞƉĞŶĚŝĂĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞĚĂ
ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů ĞŶƚƌĞ ϭϴϵϴ Ğ ϭϵϬϮ͘ &Žŝ ĨŝŐƵƌĂ ĚŽ ĐŽƌŽŶĞů͕ ƉŽŝƐ ƐĞƌŝĂ ĞůĞ ƋƵĞ͕ Ă ŶşǀĞů
ĐŽŵ Ă ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ Ž ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂů͕ŵŽďŝůŝǌĂƌŝĂŽƐǀŽƚŽƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐƉĂƌĂ
ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ŶĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ĞůĞŐĞƌŽƐĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚŽƐĐĞƌƚŽƐ͕ĚĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵŽ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĨŽŝ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽ͘ WŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞƐƐĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĚĞĐĂĚĂŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂ͘
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͕ĨŽŝƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌƵŵĂĂůŝĂŶĕĂĞŶƚƌĞ K ĐŽƌŽŶĞů ƵƐĂǀĂ ƐĞƵ ƉŽĚĞƌ ĨŝŶĂŶĐĞŝƌŽ
ĞǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽĞůĞŐŝƐůĂƚŝǀŽ͘ ƉĂƌĂ ƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶĂƌ ĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ Ă ǀŽƚĂƌ Ğŵ
K ŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂĚŽƌ ŽƌŝƐ &ĂƵƐƚŽ ĚĞĨŝŶŝƵ ŽƐ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚŽ͘ ƐƐĂ ŝŶƚŝŵŝĚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ
ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ ĚĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ ĚĂ eleitores é conhecida como “voto de
ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ͗ cabresto”. Além da intimidação, a fraude das
^ĞƵƐ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĂƐƐŝŵ ƌĞƐƵŵŝĚŽƐ͗ ĂƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂǀĂŵ ŽƐ ǀŽƚŽƐ ĞƌĂŵ ƵŵĂ
ƌĞĚƵǌŝƌ ĂŽ ŵĄǆŝŵŽ ĂƐ ĚŝƐƉƵƚĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ŶŽ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂĐŽŵƵŵ͘
ąŵďŝƚŽĚĞĐĂĚĂƐƚĂĚŽ͕ƉƌĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŶĚŽŽƐŐƌƵƉŽƐ
ŵĂŝƐĨŽƌƚĞƐ͖ĐŚĞŐĂƌĂƵŵĂĐŽƌĚŽďĄƐŝĐŽĞŶƚƌĞĂ WŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽĐĂĨĠĐŽŵůĞŝƚĞ
hŶŝĆŽ Ğ ŽƐ ƐƚĂĚŽƐ͖ Ɖƀƌ Ĩŝŵ ă ŚŽƐƚŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽ ĐĂĨĠ ĐŽŵ ůĞŝƚĞ Ġ Ƶŵ
ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ ǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽ Ğ >ĞŐŝƐůĂƚŝǀŽ͕ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ĐůĄƐƐŝĐŽ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ŶŽƐ ƌĞĨĞƌŝŵŽƐ ă
ĚŽŵĞƐƚŝĐĂŶĚŽĂĞƐĐŽůŚĂĚŽƐĚĞƉƵƚĂĚŽƐ͘ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ƐƐĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂŐĂŶŚŽƵĨŽƌĕĂ
EĂƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ͕ĞƐƐĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂǀĂĚĂ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĞ ϭϵϭϯ͕ ĐŽŵ Ă
ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ͗ Ž 'ŽǀĞƌŶŽ &ĞĚĞƌĂů ĚĂƌŝĂ ĂƐƐŝŶĂƚƵƌĂ ĚŽ WĂĐƚŽ ĚĞ KƵƌŽ &ŝŶŽ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ
ĂƉŽŝŽ ă ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂ ŵĂŝƐ ƉŽĚĞƌŽƐĂ ĚĞ ĐĂĚĂ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐĚĞ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽĞDŝŶĂƐ'ĞƌĂŝƐ͘ƐƐĞ
ƐƚĂĚŽ͘ ŵ ƚƌŽĐĂ͕ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ĞǆŝŐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ĐĂĚĂ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞ ĂŽ ƌĞǀĞǌĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽƐ
ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂ ĂƉŽŝĂƐƐĞ ĂƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐ ĚŽ 'ŽǀĞƌŶŽ ĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚŽƐ ůĂŶĕĂĚŽƐ ă ƉƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂ ƉŽƌ ĞƐƐĂƐ
&ĞĚĞƌĂůŶŽůĞŐŝƐůĂƚŝǀŽ͘ ĚƵĂƐŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ͘
ƐƐŝŵ͕ ĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂŵ ĞůĞŐĞƌ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ĞƐƐĞ ƉĂĐƚŽ͕ ƉĂƵůŝƐƚĂƐ Ğ
ĚĞƉƵƚĂĚŽƐ ĚŝƐƉŽƐƚŽƐ Ă ĂƚƵĂƌ Ğŵ ĨĂǀŽƌ ĚŽ ŵŝŶĞŝƌŽƐ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂǀĂŵͲƐĞ ŶĂ ƉƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂ ĚĂ
ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ŶŽ ůĞŐŝƐůĂƚŝǀŽ͘ Žŵ Ž ĂƉŽŝŽ ă República. O nome “café com leite” faz
ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂ ŵĂŝƐ ƉŽĚĞƌŽƐĂ͕ Ž 'ŽǀĞƌŶŽ &ĞĚĞƌĂů ƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂĂŽĨĂƚŽĚĞƋƵĞ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽĞƌĂŽŵĂŝŽƌ
ĞƐƉĞƌĂǀĂ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌ ĚĞ ĐĂĨĠ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ DŝŶĂƐ
ƌĞƐƉŝŶŐĂƐƐĞŵ Ž ŵşŶŝŵŽ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů ŶŽ ąŵďŝƚŽ 'ĞƌĂŝƐĞƌĂŽŵĂŝŽƌƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌĚĞůĞŝƚĞ͘

261
K ƵƐŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌ Ă KĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůĞŵ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽĨŽŝ͕

WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƚĞŵ ƐŝĚŽ ĐƌŝƚŝĐĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽƐ Ğŵ ƉĂƌƚĞ͕ ĨŝŶĂŶĐŝĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ƉƌŽƐƉĞƌŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ
ŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞĂƐŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐŵŝŶĞŝƌĂĞ ŶĞŐſĐŝŽ ĐĂĨĞĞŝƌŽ Ğ Ă ĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ^ĆŽ WĂƵůŽ
ƉĂƵůŝƐƚĂ ĞƌĂŵ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ŵĂƐ Ž ĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌŽƵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĞƐƐĞ ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽũŽŐŽƉŽůşƚŝĐŽĚĞƐƐĞƉĞƌşŽĚŽŶĆŽ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͘
ƉĂƐƐĂǀĂĞǆĐůƵƐŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞƉŽƌĞůĂƐ͕ƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞ ƐŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐƌĞĐĞďĞƌĂŵƵŵŐƌĂŶĚĞŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞ
ĞǆŝƐƚŝĂŵŽƵƚƌĂƐŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐŶŽƉĂşƐ͘ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽƌĞƐ ŝŵŝŐƌĂŶƚĞƐ Ğ Ž ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů ƌĞƐƵůƚŽƵ ŶŽ ƐƵƌŐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ
ĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŽƉĞƌĄƌŝŽ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ Ă
EŽ ĐĂŵƉŽ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ͕ Ž ƌĂƐŝů ƐĞŐƵŝƵ ƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĞϭϵϭϳ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵĂZĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ
ĐŽŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ĚĞƉĞŶĚġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ ĐĂĨĠ͘ K ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ZƵƐƐĂ͘
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌ ĚĞůĞ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů ĞƌĂ Ž ĞƐƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ ^ĆŽ
WĂƵůŽ͘ EŽ ĐŽŵĞĕŽ ĚŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ yy͕ ŽƐ ĞĐĂĚġŶĐŝĂĚĂWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ
ĐƵůƚŝǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ ĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵ Ă ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂƌ Ă WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ŝŶŝĐŝŽƵ ƐƵĂ ĨĂƐĞ
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĐĂĨĠƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂ͕ŽƋƵĞĂĐĂƌƌĞƚŽƵ ĚĞĐĂĚĞŶƚĞ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϵϮϬ͘ ĞŶƚƌĂĚĂ ĚĞ
ĂƋƵĞĚĂĚŽƉƌĞĕŽĚĞƐƐĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ͕ƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞ ŶŽǀŽƐ ĂƚŽƌĞƐ ŶĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ ĐŽŵŽ ŽƐ
Ž ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽĨŝĐŽƵĂďĂƌƌŽƚĂĚŽĐŽŵĂŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌŝĂ͘ ƚĞŶĞŶƚŝƐƚĂƐ͕ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƵ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞƵ Ĩŝŵ͘ K
sŝƐĂŶĚŽ Ă ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ ƐĞƵƐ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐ͕ ŽƐ ĚĞƐŐĂƐƚĞĚŽƉĂĐƚŽƋƵĞŵĂŶƚŝŶŚĂĂƐŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ
ĐĂĨĞŝĐƵůƚŽƌĞƐ ƌĞƵŶŝƌĂŵͲƐĞ ŶŽ ŽŶǀġŶŝŽ ĚĞ ŵŝŶŝŵĂŵĞŶƚĞĞŵƉĂǌƚĂŵďĠŵĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƵƉĂƌĂ
dĂƵďĂƚĠ͘ Ž Ĩŝŵ ĚĞƐƐĞ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘ EĂ
EĞƐƐĞ ĐŽŶǀġŶŝŽ͕ ĚĞĐŝĚŝƵͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϵϮϬ͕ ŽƐ ƚĞŶĞŶƚŝƐƚĂƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ƵŵĂ
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĐŽŵƉƌĂƌŝĂ Ž ĞǆĐĞĚĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ƐĂĐĂƐ ĚĞ ĨŽƌĕĂ ƋƵĞ ĂďĂůŽƵ Ă ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ĐĂĨĠĐŽŵŽŽďũĞƚŝǀŽĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŽůĂƌŽƉƌĞĕŽĚĞƐƐĞ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ŶŽ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘ /ƐƐŽ /ƐƐŽ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƚĞŶĞŶƚŝƐƚĂƐ
ŐĂƌĂŶƚŝƌŝĂ ŽƐ ůƵĐƌŽƐ ĚŽƐ ĨĂǌĞŶĚĞŝƌŽƐ Ğ ƌĞŝǀŝŶĚŝĐĂǀĂŵŽĨŝŵĚĂƐĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐŽůŝŐĄƌƋƵŝĐĂƐ
ƌĞƐŽůǀĞƌŝĂ Ă ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ĚŽ ƉƌĞĕŽ ĚŽ ĐĂĨĠ͘ ůĠŵ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂǀĂŵ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚĂƐ ŶŽ ƉĂşƐ͘ Ž ůŽŶŐŽ
ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ ĚĞĐŝĚŝƵͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ƐƚĂĚŽ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌŝĂ Ƶŵ ĚĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϮϬ͕ŽƐƚĞŶĞŶƚŝƐƚĂƐƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌĂŵ
ĞŵƉƌĠƐƚŝŵŽ ĚĞ ϭϱ ŵŝůŚƁĞƐ ĚĞ ůŝďƌĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƵŵĂƐĠƌŝĞĚĞƌĞǀŽůƚĂƐƉŽƌƚŽĚŽŽƉĂşƐĐŽŵŽĂ
ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵŝƌ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌ Ă ĐŽŵƉƌĂ ĚŽ ĞǆĐĞĚĞŶƚĞ ZĞǀŽůƚĂ ĚŽƐ ϭϴ ĚŽ &ŽƌƚĞ ĚĞ ŽƉĂĐĂďĂŶĂ͕ Ă
ĚĞƐƐĂƐƐĂĐĂƐ͘ ZĞǀŽůƚĂWĂƵůŝƐƚĂĚĞϭϵϮϰĞĂŽůƵŶĂWƌĞƐƚĞƐ͘
EĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ /ŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ŵĞŶĐŝŽŶĂƌ ƋƵĞ Ă WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ Ƶŵ ƉĞƋƵĞŶŽ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĨŽŝƵŵƉĞƌşŽĚŽŵĂƌĐĂĚŽƉŽƌƚĞŶƐƁĞƐ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͕ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽŶŽƐƚĂĚŽĚĞ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͘ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ ƋƵĞ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂƌĂŵ Ğŵ ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐ ƉŽƌ

262
ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘ ƋƵŝ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ Ĩŝŵ ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ Ğ Ž ŝŶşĐŝŽ ĚĂ ƌĂ
ĐŝƚĂƌĂ'ƵĞƌƌĂĚĞĂŶƵĚŽƐ͕ZĞǀŽůƚĂĚĂƌŵĂĚĂ͕ sĂƌŐĂƐ͕ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĞƐƚĞŶĚĞƵ ƉŽƌ ƋƵŝŶǌĞ
'ƵĞƌƌĂ ĚŽ ŽŶƚĞƐƚĂĚŽ͕ ZĞǀŽůƚĂ ĚĂ sĂĐŝŶĂ͕ ĂŶŽƐ͘
ZĞǀŽůƚĂĚĂŚŝďĂƚĂĞƚĐ͘
K ĞƐƚŽƉŝŵ ƉĂƌĂ Ž Ĩŝŵ ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƐƵŵŽ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĨŽŝ Ă ĞůĞŝĕĆŽ ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶĐŝĂů ĚĞ ϭϵϯϬ͘ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĨŽŝ ŝŶŝĐŝĂĚĂ ĐŽŵ Ă
EĂƋƵĞůĂ ŽĐĂƐŝĆŽ͕ Ž ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ tĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶ WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĞŵϭϱĚĞŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ
>ƵşƐƌĞƐŽůǀĞƵƌŽŵƉĞƌĐŽŵŽWĂĐƚŽĚĞKƵƌŽ&ŝŶŽ ĚĞϭϵϯϬ͘
Ğ Ğŵ ǀĞǌ ĚĞ ůĂŶĕĂƌ Ƶŵ ĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚŽ ŵŝŶĞŝƌŽ ƉŽƐƐĞ ĚĞ 'ĞƚƷůŝŽ sĂƌŐĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ
ŽƉƚŽƵ ƉŽƌ ůĂŶĕĂƌ :ƷůŝŽ WƌĞƐƚĞƐ͕ ĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚŽ ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ͕ĂƉſƐĂZĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚĞϭϵϯϬ͕ŵĂƌĐŽƵ
ƉĂƵůŝƐƚĂ͘ /ƐƐŽ ĚĞƐĂŐƌĂĚŽƵ ƉƌŽĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ă Ž ĨŝŵĚĞƐƐĞƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘
ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂ ŵŝŶĞŝƌĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĂůŝŽƵ ă ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽƐŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐĞĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ
ŐĂƷĐŚĂ Ğ ĂŽƐ ƚĞŶĞŶƚŝƐƚĂƐ͕ Ğ ũƵŶƚŽƐ ůĂŶĕĂƌĂŵ ĚŽ ĐĂĨĠ ĐŽŵ ůĞŝƚĞ ĞƌĂŵ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ
'ĞƚƷůŝŽsĂƌŐĂƐĐŽŵŽĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚŽƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶĐŝĂů͘ ĚĞƐƐĞƉĞƌşŽĚŽ͘
'ĞƚƷůŝŽ sĂƌŐĂƐ ĨŽŝ ĚĞƌƌŽƚĂĚŽ͕ ŵĂƐ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĚŝǀŝĚŝĚĂ
ŵĞŵďƌŽƐ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ ĐŚĂƉĂ ĞůĞŝƚŽƌĂů͕ Ğŵ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĚĂ ƐƉĂĚĂ Ğ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ
ŝŶĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ĚĞƌƌŽƚĂ͕ ĐŽŵĞĕĂƌĂŵ Ă KůŝŐĄƌƋƵŝĐĂ͘
ĐŽŶƐƉŝƌĂƌ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ͘ ĚĞƐĐƵůƉĂ KƵƚƌĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞƐƐĞ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽƐ ŵĞŵďƌŽƐ ĚĂ ůŝĂŶĕĂ >ŝďĞƌĂů ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĨŽƌĂŵ ŵĂŶĚŽŶŝƐŵŽ͕ ĐůŝĞŶƚĞůŝƐŵŽ Ğ
;ĐŚĂƉĂ ĚĞ sĂƌŐĂƐͿ ƉĂƌĂ ŝŶŝĐŝĂƌ ƵŵĂ ƌĞǀŽůƚĂ ĐŽƌŽŶĞůŝƐŵŽ͘
ĂƌŵĂĚĂĐŽŶƚƌĂŽŐŽǀĞƌŶŽĨŽŝŽĂƐƐĂƐƐŝŶĂƚŽĚĞ K ŽŶǀġŶŝŽ ĚĞ dĂƵďĂƚĠ ĨŽŝ Ƶŵ
:ŽĆŽ WĞƐƐŽĂ͕ ǀŝĐĞͲƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ sĂƌŐĂƐ͘ K ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŐĂƌĂŶƚŝƵ ŽƐ
ĂƐƐĂƐƐŝŶĂƚŽ ĚĞ :ŽĆŽ WĞƐƐŽĂ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ ŶĆŽ ƚĞǀĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐĚŽƐĐĂĨĞŝĐƵůƚŽƌĞƐƉĂƵůŝƐƚĂƐ͘
ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ĚŝƐƉƵƚĂ ĞůĞŝƚŽƌĂů ĞŶƚƌĞ :ƷůŝŽ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌĂƐŝůĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ƵŽů͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂďͬƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂͲ
WƌĞƐƚĞƐĞsĂƌŐĂƐ͘ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂ͘ŚƚŵĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϯĚĞŶŽǀĚĞϮϬϮϬ͘
ƌĞǀŽůƚĂ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ͕ ŶŽŵĞĂĚĂ

ĐŽŵŽ ZĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϯϬ͕ ŝŶŝĐŝŽƵͲƐĞ Ğŵ ϯ ĚĞ
ŽƵƚƵďƌŽĚĞϭϵϯϬ͕Ğ͕ŶŽŵĞƐŵŽŵġƐ͕ŶŽĚŝĂϮϰ͕
ƌĞƐƵůƚŽƵŶĂĚĞƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚĞtĂƐŚŝŶŐƚŽŶ>ƵşƐĚĂ
ƉƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂ͘ :ƷůŝŽ WƌĞƐƚĞƐ ĨŽŝ ŝŵƉĞĚŝĚŽ ĚĞ
ĂƐƐƵŵŝƌĂƉƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂĚŽƉĂşƐĞ͕ĞŵŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ
ĚŽŵĞƐŵŽĂŶŽ͕'ĞƚƷůŝŽsĂƌŐĂƐĨŽŝĞŵƉŽƐƐĂĚŽ
ĐŽŵŽƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞƉƌŽǀŝƐſƌŝŽĚŽƉĂşƐ͘ƐƐĞĞƌĂŽ

263
ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽƉŽůşƚŝĐŽďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ͘ŝƚĞĂůŐƵŶƐĚĞƐƚĞƐ
ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐ͘
ZĞǀŽůƚĂĚĂsĂĐŝŶĂ͕ϭϵϬϰ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐŽ͘ƌϳ͘ĐŽŵͬƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂͲ
>ŝŶŬĚŽǀşĚĞŽĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ͗ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĐĂͬĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϲĚĞŶŽǀĚĞϮϬϮϬ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсϮďŵd>':ϯǁ ͘
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϮŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ͘
ϯͿ dŽĚĂĂWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĚŝǀŝĚŝĚĂ
Ğŵ ƚƌġƐ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ĨĂƐĞƐ͘ WƌĞĞŶĐŚĂ Ž ƋƵĂĚƌŽ Ă
ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ž ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚŝĂ Ğŵ ĐĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ ĚĞƐƐĂƐ
ϭͿ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĨŽŝ ŝŶŝĐŝĂĚĂ ĐŽŵ Ă ĨĂƐĞƐ͕ŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽĞĂƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ Ğ ĨŝĐŽƵ ŵĂƌĐĂĚĂ ĚĞĐĂĚĂĨĂƐĞ͘
ƉĞůŽ ƉƌĞĚŽŵşŶŝŽ ĚĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ ŶĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ

ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘ ƐƐĞ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĞŶĐĞƌƌŽƵͲƐĞ Ğŵ ϭϵϯϬ͘
ƐƐĞƉĞƌşŽĚŽƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƚĂŵďĠŵĚĞ
;Ϳ ;ͿZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂǀĞůŚĂ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂĚĂƐƉĂĚĂ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂŽůŝŐĄƌƋƵŝĐĂ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿdŽĚĂƐĂƐĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƐĞƐƚĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƚĂƐ͘ ϰͿ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽƐŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐĞĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽ
ĐĂĨĠ ĐŽŵ ůĞŝƚĞ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ϮͿ ƵƌĂŶƚĞŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽĚĂƐŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ͕ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ ĞůĂƐ
ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ž ƉŽĚĞƌ ĞƌĂ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂǀĂŵ ĂƐ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ŶŽ ąŵďŝƚŽ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽ
ĨŽƌƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŵďĂƚŝĚŽ͘ ŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ǀĄƌŝŽƐ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘ ƐƐĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ĨŽƌĂŵ ŽƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƉƌŽƚĞƐƚĂǀĂŵ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ ŽƐ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƐ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ƌĞĚƵǌŝƌĂŵ ŽƐ ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐ
ĂƚŽƐĚŽŐŽǀĞƌŶŽĞƉĂƌƚŝĚŽƐĚĂƋƵĞůĂĠƉŽĐĂ͘WŽƌ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ͘ &ĂĕĂ ƵŵĂ ƐşŶƚĞƐĞ ĚĞƐƚĂƐ
ĐŽŶƚĂ ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐ ƐĞ ŝŶƐƚĂůĂǀĂŵ ŶŽ ĚƵĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů ĚĂ

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WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂŶĚŽŽƋƵĞĨŽŝĐĂĚĂ KĂƚĞƚĞĠůĞŵďƌĂĚŽĐŽŵŽŽůŽĐĂůŽŶĚĞ
ƵŵĂĚĞůĂƐ͕ƐĞƵƐŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐĞĐŽŵŽĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂǀĂ͘ 'ĞƚƷůŝŽ sĂƌŐĂƐ ƐƵŝĐŝĚŽƵ͕ Ğŵ ĂŐŽƐƚŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϱϰ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŽŵĂŝŶĂƵŐƵƌĂĕĆŽĚĞƌĂƐşůŝĂ͕ĞŵϭϵϲϬ͕ĂƐĞĚĞ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚŽǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽĨŽŝƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌŝĚĂƉĂƌĂŽWĂůĄĐŝŽĚŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ WůĂŶĂůƚŽ͘ hŵ ĚŝĂ ĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ǀŝĂũĂƌ ƉĂƌĂ Ă
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŝŶĂƵŐƵƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŶŽǀĂ ĐĂƉŝƚĂů ĨĞĚĞƌĂů͕ Ž
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ WƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ :ƵƐĐĞůŝŶŽ <ƵďŝƚƐĐŚĞŬ ĨĞĐŚŽƵ ŽƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƉŽƌƚƁĞƐ ĚŽ ƉĂůĄĐŝŽ ƐŝŵďŽůŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ž
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞŶĐĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĞƌĂ ŶĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ ,ŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘
&ŽƌĂŵ ϲϯ ĂŶŽƐ ĚĞ ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ŵŝŶŝƐƚƌŽƐ͕
KW>/KKddEK^^ZWj>/ ĂƐƐĞƐƐŽƌĞƐ Ğ ĐƵƌŝŽƐŽƐ ĞŶƚƌĂŶĚŽ͕ ƐĂŝŶĚŽ ŽƵ Ɛſ
ŽůŚĂŶĚŽ ĂƋƵĞůĞ ƉĂůĄĐŝŽ͘ Ƶ ƐĞƌŝĂ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ
WƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂƌůŽƐĠƐĂƌ,ŝŐĂ;^ĞĚƵĐͬ'ŽŝĄƐͿ ĐƵƌŝŽƐŽƐ͘ YƵĞƌŝĂ ǀĞƌ ƐĞ Ž WƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ ĚĂ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂƐĂŝƌŝĂĚŽƐĞƵŐĂďŝŶĞƚĞĞĂƚƌĂǀĞƐƐĂƌŝĂ
ĂƌƵĂƉĂƌĂƚŽŵĂƌƵŵĐĂĨĠŶŽďĂƌĚĂĞƐƋƵŝŶĂ͘
KƋƵĞĨĂǌĞƌĐŽŵŽďĞůŽƉĂůĄĐŝŽĂƉſƐĂ
ŝŶĂƵŐƵƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƌĂƐşůŝĂ͍ K ĞƐĐƌŝƚŽƌ :ŽƐƵĠ
DŽŶƚĞůŽƐƵŐĞƌŝƵĂ:ƵƐĐĞůŝŶŽ<ƵďŝƚƐĐŚĞŬƋƵĞŽ
ĂƚĞƚĞ ƐĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƐƐĞ Ğŵ DƵƐĞƵ ĚĂ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ƐƵŐĞƐƚĆŽĨŽŝĂĐĂƚĂĚĂĞ͕ĂƚĠŚŽũĞ͕
ƉĞƌƚŽĚĂĞŶƚƌĂĚĂƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůƚĞŵĂƉůĂĐĂĚĂƐƵĂ
WĂůĄĐŝŽĚŽĂƚĞƚĞ͕ĂŶƚŝŐĂƐĞĚĞĚŽǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽ&ĞĚĞƌĂů͘
ŝŶĂƵŐƵƌĂĕĆŽ͕ Ğŵ ϴ ĚĞ ŵĂƌĕŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϲϬ͘ >Ą Ž
ǀŝƐŝƚĂŶƚĞ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ă ŵĞƐĂ ŽŶĚĞ sĂƌŐĂƐ ĨĞǌ Ă
>ŽŐŽĂƉſƐĂWƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕
ƷůƚŝŵĂƌĞƵŶŝĆŽŵŝŶŝƐƚĞƌŝĂůĞ͕ŶŽĂŶĚĂƌĚĞĐŝŵĂ͕
Ă ƐĞĚĞ ĚŽ WŽĚĞƌ ǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽ ĞƌĂ Ž WĂůĄĐŝŽ ĚŽ
ĂĐĂŵĂŽŶĚĞĞůĞƐĞĚĞŝƚŽƵŶŽĚĞƌƌĂĚĞŝƌŽϮϰĚĞ
/ƚĂŵĂƌĂƚǇ͕ ŶŽ ĞŶƚƌŽ ĚŽ ZŝŽ ĚĞ :ĂŶĞŝƌŽ͘
ĂŐŽƐƚŽĚĞϭϵϱϰ͕ŽƌĞǀſůǀĞƌĞĂďĂůĂĚĂƋƵĂůĞůĞ
&ůŽƌŝĂŶŽ WĞŝǆŽƚŽ͕ ŶŽƐƐŽ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ͕
ƐĂŝƵĚĂǀŝĚĂĞĞŶƚƌŽƵƉĂƌĂĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘
ĐŽƐƚƵŵĂǀĂ ŝƌ ĂƚĠ ůĄ ĚĞ ďŽŶĚĞ͘ ŵ Ϯϰ ĚĞ
KƉŽǀŽĨŝĐĂǀĂŵĂŝƐƉĞƌƚŽĚŽƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ
ĨĞǀĞƌĞŝƌŽĚĞϭϴϵϳ͕ĂƐĞĚĞĚŽǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽĨĞĚĞƌĂů
ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽĂƚĞƚĞĞƌĂĂƐĞĚĞĚŽǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽ͘EĆŽ
ƐĞŵƵĚŽƵƉĂƌĂŽWĂůĄĐŝŽĚŽĂƚĞƚĞ͕ĂƉŽƵĐŽƐ
ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂǀĂĚĞƌĂŵƉĂƉĂƌĂƐƵďŝƌŶŽĚŝĂĚĂƉŽƐƐĞ͘
ŵĞƚƌŽƐ ĚŽ ŵĂƌ͘ EĂƋƵĞůĂ ĠƉŽĐĂ͕ ŶĆŽ ƚŝŶŚĂ Ž
K WůĂŶĂůƚŽ ŝƐŽůĂ Ž ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ͕ Ž ĂĨĂƐƚĂ ĚĂ
ƚĞƌƌŽ ĚŽ &ůĂŵĞŶŐŽ͕ ĞŶƚĆŽ Ž ƐŽŵ ĚĂƐ ŽŶĚĂƐ
ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ŽŝŶǀĠƐ ĚĂ ďƌŝƐĂ ĚŽ ŵĂƌ͕Ă ƐĞĐƵƌĂ
ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂƐĞƌŽƵǀŝĚŽĚĂůŝ͘
ĚŽĞƌƌĂĚŽ͘

265
ĂůƚĞƌŶąŶĐŝĂ ŶŽ ƉŽĚĞƌ͘ ƐƚĂŵŽƐ ĨĂůĂŶĚŽ ĚĂ

ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ƋƵĞ͕ ĞŵďŽƌĂ ĞǀŽƋƵĞ Ă
ĂĨŝƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ǀĂůŽƌ ĚĂ ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ Ğ ĚŽ
&ĂĕĂƵŵĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŽďƌĞĂƐŽƌŝŐĞŶƐĚŽWĂůĄĐŝŽ ĂůƚŽ ŶşǀĞů ĚĞ ŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞ ĚŽƐ ĐŝĚĂĚĆŽƐ͕ ĂŝŶĚĂ
ĚŽĂƚĞƚĞĞƐƵĂĂƌƋƵŝƚĞƚƵƌĂ͘ ĐŽŶǀŝǀĞ ĐŽŵ ĂĨŝƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĂ ĞǆŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ
ƉƌşŶĐŝƉĞŚĞƌĚĞŝƌŽŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘
O “em tese” acima citado é para demonstrar
ƋƵĞ͕ŶĂƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ͕ŽƋƵĞƐĞǀŝƵŶĆŽĨŽŝďĞŵĂƐƐŝŵ͘
ŶĆŽ ƐĞƌ ƉĞůĂ &ĂŵşůŝĂ ZĞĂů͕ Ă ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ
KďũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ĚĂ
ŵĂŶƚĞǀĞ ƉƌŝǀŝůĠŐŝŽƐ ĚĂƐ ĞůŝƚĞƐ͘ ^ĞƌŝĂ ƐŽŶŚĂƌ
ŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽĚŽƐŶĞŐƌŽƐŶŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ
ĚĞŵĂŝƐ͗ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂƌƋƵĞƵŵƉĂşƐƋƵĞŶĂƐĐĞƵĞƐĞ
ĚŽƉſƐͲĂďŽůŝĕĆŽ͘
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƵ Ğŵ ƚƌĞǌĞŶƚŽƐ ĂŶŽƐ ƐŽďƌĞ ŽƐ
ŽŵďƌŽƐ ĚĞ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ŶĞŐƌĂƐ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝǌĂĚĂƐ ĨĂƌŝĂ
,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ ;&Ϭϵ,/ϬϰͿ ŝƐĐƵƚŝƌ Ă
ƵŵĂ ƚƌĂŶƐŝĕĆŽ ũƵƐƚĂ ƉĂƌĂ ƵŵĂ ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƐĞŵ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ ĚĂ ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ
ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝǌĂĚŽƐ͕ĞĂĐĂďĂƌŝĂĐŽŵƐĞƵƐƉƌŝǀŝůĠŐŝŽƐ͘
ŶĞŐƌĂ ŶĂ ĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂ͕ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ Ğ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ůĞŵďƌĂƌ ƋƵĞ Ž Ĩŝŵ ĚĂ
ƐŽĐŝĂůĚŽƌĂƐŝů͘
ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝĚĆŽ͕ Ă WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ Ğ Ă
ƉƌŽŵƵůŐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭϴϵϭ ƐĞ
ĚĞƐĚŽďƌĂƌĂŵŶŽƐĠĐƵůŽy/y͕ƉĞƌşŽĚŽĞŵƋƵĞĂƐ
ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐ ƌĂĐŝĂůŝƐƚĂƐ ĂůĐĂŶĕĂƌĂŵ ƐĞƵ ĂƵŐĞ͕
ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ŽŶĚĞ ďŽĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ĞůŝƚĞ
ůŽĐĂů ƐĞ ĂƉƌŽƉƌŝŽƵ ĚĞůĂƐ͘ ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ƉĂƐƐŽƵ Ă
hDZWj>/^D/'h>WK>1d/
ƐĞƌ Ă ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĚĞŝǆĂƌ Ă ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝĚĆŽ ŶŽ
ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ͕ƉŽŝƐŶĂƐĐŝĂĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂůŝƵŵŶŽǀŽƉĂşƐ͕
^ĞŽĨŝŵĚĂĞƐĐƌĂǀŝĚĆŽĂĐĞŶĚĞƌŝĂƵŵĂĐĞŶƚĞůŚĂ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ ŶŽ ŚŝŶŽ ĚĂ WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ĚĞ ĞƐƉĞƌĂŶĕĂ ŶŽƐ ĐŽƌƉŽƐ Ğ ĐŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĂƐ
República: “(…) nós nem cremos que escravos
ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ŶĞŐƌĂƐ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝǌĂĚĂƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ůƵƚĂǀĂŵ
outrora, Tenham havido em tão nobre País…
ŝŶĐĂŶƐĂǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞ ƉŽƌ ƐƵĂ ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ Ğ
(…)”.
ŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞ͕ŝŵĂŐŝŶĞĂůŝĂƌŝƐƐŽăĂƐĐĞŶƐĆŽĚĞƵŵ
ŝŶĞǆŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ĂŵƉĂƌŽ
ŶŽǀŽ ƌĞŐŝŵĞ ƋƵĞ ƉƌŽŵĞƚŝĂ ĂĐĂďĂƌ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ
ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů Ğ ƐŝŵďſůŝĐŽ ĂŽƐ ĞǆͲĐĂƚŝǀŽƐ ƌĞĨŽƌĕĂ Ă
ƉƌŝǀŝůĠŐŝŽƐ ĞƐƚĂŵĞŶƚĂŝƐ ĚŽ /ŵƉĠƌŝŽ͍ hŵ
ƚĞŶƚĂƚŝǀĂ ĚĞ ƌĞůĞŐĂƌ Ă ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝĚĆŽ ĂŽ ƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ
ƌĞŐŝŵĞƋƵĞ͕ĂŽŵĞŶŽƐĞŵƚĞƐĞ͕ƚĞŵĞŶƚƌĞƐĞƵƐ
ŝŵƉĞƌŝĂů͘ ƐƐĂ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂ ƐĞƌ ƵŵĂ
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ă ĂƵƐġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƉĂƐƐĂĚŽĞƐĐƌĂǀŝƐƚĂĞŶĆŽ
ƉƌŝǀŝůĠŐŝŽƐ ŝŶƐƚŝƚƵĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ƌĞůŝŐŝŽƐŽƐ Ğ Ă

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ĚŽ ĞŶƚĆŽ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞ ƉƌŽŵŝƐƐŽƌ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͘ “natural”, permanecendo somente os “fortes”,

>ĞŵďƌĞͲƐĞ ĚĂ YƵĞŝŵĂ ĚŽƐ ƌƋƵŝǀŽƐ ĚĂ ĐŽŵŽůĞŵďƌĂŽƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ,ŝůƚŽŶŽƐƚĂ͘
ƐĐƌĂǀŝĚĆŽ͕ĞŵϭϴϵϬ͕ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽƉĞůŽĞŶƚĆŽ
DŝŶŝƐƚƌŽ ĚĂ :ƵƐƚŝĕĂ ZƵŝ ĂƌďŽƐĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐŽď Ă ZĂĐŝƐŵŽĞƚŽůĞƌąŶĐŝĂŶĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ
ũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂ ĚĞ ĞǀŝƚĂƌ ŝŶĚĞŶŝǌĂĕƁĞƐ ĂŽƐ EĂ ƚƌĂŶƐŝĕĆŽ ĚŽ /ŵƉĠƌŝŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕
ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞƚĄƌŝŽƐ ĚĞ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŽƐ͕ ƚƌŽƵǆĞ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞƋƵĞ͕ƉĂƌĂĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐŶĞŐƌĂƐƌĞĐĠŵ
ƉƌĞũƵşǌŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ŵĞŵſƌŝĂ ĐŽůĞƚŝǀĂ ĚŽ ƉŽǀŽ ůŝďĞƌƚĂƐ͕ Ă ƷŶŝĐĂ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂ ĨŽŝ ĚĂ ĐĂƐĂ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ
ŶĞŐƌŽ͘ ƉĂƌĂŽƐ ƐƵďƷƌďŝŽƐĞƉĂƌĂ ĂƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐ ĨĂǀĞůĂƐ
ŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭϴϵϭ ǀĞŝŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĚŽ ƉĂşƐ͘ DĞƐŵŽ ĚŝĂŶƚĞ ĚĞƐƚĂ ĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ă
ŝŶƐƚŝƚƵĐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂƌ ŽƐ ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽƐ͘ ƉƌĞĐĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶĂ Ğ Ă ƚŽĚŽ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ
,ŽƵǀĞ͕ƉŽƌƵŵůĂĚŽ͕ĂĂŵƉůŝĂĕĆŽĚŽĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ͕ Ă ůƵƚĂ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ŶĞŐƌĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚĞ ĐŝĚĂĚĂŶŝĂ Đŝǀŝů͕ ĂƋƵĞůĂ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƌŝĂ ƌĞƚŽŵĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ŚƵŵĂŶĂƐ ũĂŵĂŝƐ
ƋƵĞŵ ƐĞƌŝĂ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚŽ ĐŽŵŽ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ĐĞƐƐŽƵ͘ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ůĞŵďƌĂƌ ũƵŶƚŽ Ă >ŝůŝĂ
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ŵĂƐŵĂŶƚĞǀĞͲƐĞĂƌĞƐƚƌŝĕĆŽƐŽďƌĞĂ ^ĐŚǁĂƌĐǌ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞƚĄƌŝŽƐ ĚŽ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ
ĐŝĚĂĚĂŶŝĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͕ ĂƋƵĞůĂ ƋƵĞ ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝƌŝĂ ăƐ ŝŵƉĞƌŝĂůƚĂŵďĠŵƐĞĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƌĂŵĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐŝŶƚĞƌǀŝƌĞŵŶĂǀŽŶƚĂĚĞƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽƉĂşƐ͘ EŽƐ ĐŽŶƚƵƌďĂĚŽƐ ĂŶŽƐ ϭϵϯϬ͕ Ž ƌĂƐŝů͕
WŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ĞŵƐĞƵĂƌƚŝŐŽϳϬ͕ΑϭǑ͕ĞƐƚŝƉƵůĂ ĚŝĂŶƚĞ ĚĂƐ ĨĂůŚĂƐ ĚĂƐ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐ ĚĠĐĂĚĂƐ ĚĂ
ƋƵĞŽƐŵĞŶĚŝŐŽƐĞŽƐĂŶĂůĨĂďĞƚŽƐŶĆŽƐĞƌŝĂŵ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂǀĂ ĐƌŝĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŶŽǀĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ͕
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐ ĐŝĚĂĚĆŽƐ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ ƉĂƌĂ ŵĂƌĐĂƌ Ž ŶŽǀŽ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ͘ ŶĞƐƚĞ
destacar uma desagradável “coincidência”: a ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ 'ĞƚƷůŝŽ sĂƌŐĂƐ ƐĞ
ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂ ĚŽ ĐŽŶƚŝŶŐĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ŵĞŶĚŝŐŽƐ Ğ ĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂ ĚĂ ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞ ĚĞŵŽĐƌĂĐŝĂ ƌĂĐŝĂů͕
ĂŶĂůĨĂďĞƚŽƐ ĞƌĂ ŽƌŝƵŶĚĂ ĚŝƌĞƚĂ ŽƵ ĐƵŶŚĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ƐŽĐŝſůŽŐŽ 'ŝůďĞƌƚŽ &ƌĞǇƌĞ͕ ƉĂƌĂ
ŝŶĚŝƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĚĂĞƐĐƌĂǀŝĚĆŽ͘ ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƌ ĂŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ
ĂďŽůŝĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝĚĆŽ͕ Ž escravidão brasileiro foi “menos violento” que
ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂƐƚĞŽƌŝĂƐƌĂĐŝĂůŝƐƚĂƐ͕ďĞŵĐŽŵŽ ŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ĞŵŵĂŝƐƵŵĞƐĨŽƌĕŽĚĞĞƐĐĂŵŽƚĞĂƌ
Ă ĂƵƐġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĂŵƉĂƌŽ ĂƐ ĚŝƐƉƵƚĂƐ ĚĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ ŶĞŐƌĂ Ğ ƐƵďũƵŐĄͲůĂƐ
ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƉĂƌĂĞƐƐĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͕ĞŽƐŝůġŶĐŝŽĂĞƐƐĞ ăƐŵĞŵſƌŝĂƐƐƵďƚĞƌƌąŶĞĂƐĚŽƉĂşƐ͘
ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽůĞǀĂŵĂĐƌĞƌŵĂŝƐĞŵƵŵĂƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂ KŵĂŝƐĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝƚſƌŝŽŶĞƐƐĞƉĞƌşŽĚŽĠŽ
ĚĞŐŽǀĞƌŶŽƉĂƵƚĂĚĂĞŵŚŝŐŝĞŶŝǌĂĕĆŽƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞ ĨĂƚŽĚĞƋƵĞ͕ĂŽŵĞƐŵŽƚĞŵƉŽƋƵĞƐĞƉƌĞŐĂǀĂ
ĞůŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ ĚĞ ŝŶŝŵŝŐŽ͘ para o mundo que as “raças conviviam em
ƐƉĞƌĂǀĂͲƐĞƋƵĞ͕ĂŽĚĞŝǆĂƌĞƐƚĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐăƐƵĂ harmonia no Brasil”, internamente criavaͲƐĞ
ƉƌſƉƌŝĂ ƐŽƌƚĞ͕ ĞůĂƐ ĚĞƐĂƉĂƌĞĐŝĂŵ ĚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂ ƵŵĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĂ ƚŽůĞƌąŶĐŝĂ͘ ƐƐŝŵ͕ Ă ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ
ŝŶƐƚŝƚƵĐŝŽŶĂů ĚŽ ƐƚĂĚŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ƐĞ ďĂƐĞĂǀĂ

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ĞŵĞƐƚŝŵƵůĂƌĂĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽĞƵŐġŶŝĐĂ͕ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĞ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂƐ͕ ďĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ Ă ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ

ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĂŽĂƌƚŝŐŽϭϯϴ͕ď͕ĚĂŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽĚĞ ůĞŐŝƐůĂĕĆŽĂŶƚŝĚŝƐĐƌŝŵŝŶĂƚſƌŝĂ͘
ϭϵϯϰ͘ ^ŽŵĂŵͲƐĞ Ă ŝƐƐŽ ŽƐ ĚĞďĂƚĞƐ ĚĂ
ŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝŶƚĞĚĞϯϰ͕ŶŽƐƋƵĂŝƐƐĞĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƵƋƵĞ WILSON SIMONAL E O “TRIBUTO A MARTIN
“(…) jamais seremos uma grande nação se não LUTHER KING”
ĐƵŝĚĂƌŵŽƐ ĚĞ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ Ğ ŵĞůŚŽƌĂƌ Ă ŶŽƐƐĂ
raça.” WƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂƌůŽƐĠƐĂƌ,ŝŐĂ;^ĞĚƵĐͬ'ŽŝĄƐͿ
A transição para um país “moderno”
tŝůƐŽŶ^ŝŵŽŶĂů
ĞƐƚĂƌŝĂĐŽŶĚŝĐŝŽŶĂĚĂăĞůŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵŶŽǀŽ
ŝŶŝŵŝŐŽ͕ ŶŽ ĐĂƐŽ͕ Ă ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ
ŶĞŐƌĂƐ͘ ĞƐƐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ Ž ƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐŽ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů
ƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌŝĂ ƐĞ ĨŽƐƐĞ ĂĚŽƚĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĞŵďƌĂŶƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ͘
ĞƐƐĞ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ Ğŵ ĚŝĂŶƚĞ ŚĄ Ž ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ŝŵŝŐƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĞƵƌŽƉĞƵƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ž
ƌĂƐŝů͕ ĨĂƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ŐĞƌĂů͕
ŝŶǀŝƐŝďŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ ŽĨŝĐŝĂů ĚĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ƌĂƐŝů Ġ Ƶŵ ƉĂşƐ ƌĞĐĞƉƚŝǀŽ͕ ĚĞ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ
solidárias e “pacíficas”.
:Ą ŶĂ ĚŝƚĂĚƵƌĂ ĚŽ ƐƚĂĚŽ EŽǀŽ ;ϭϵϯϳͲ
ϭϵϰϱͿ͕ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌƚŝƉŽĚĞŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕĆŽƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ hŵĂĚĂƐŵĂƌĐĂƐĚĞtŝůƐŽŶ^ŝŵŽŶĂůĞƌĂ
ĐŽŶƚĞƐƚĂƚſƌŝĂ ĞƌĂ ƌĞƉƌŝŵŝĚĂ ǀŝŽůĞŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘ Ž ƐĞƵƐŽƌƌŝƐŽ͘ůĠŵĚŽŐŝŶŐĂĚŽ͕ĚĂďĞůĂǀŽǌ͕Ă
ĚŝƐĐƌŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ ƌĂĐŝĂů ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂǀĂ ă ŵĞĚŝĚĂ Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐŝŵƉĂƚŝĂĂƚƌĂŝĂŽƉƷďůŝĐŽ͘dŽĚŽƐĂĚŽƌĂǀĂŵ
ƋƵĞ Ă ĐŽŵƉĞƚŝƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ ĂŵƉůŝĂǀĂ͕ ǀġͲůŽĂŽǀŝǀŽ͘DĂƐ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽĂƐƐƵŶƚŽĞƌĂƐĠƌŝŽ͕
ƉŽŝƐĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐŶĞŐƌĂƐĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂǀĂŵĞǆƉŽƐƚĂƐ ^ŝŵŽŶĂů ƐĂďŝĂ ƐĞ ƉŽƌƚĂƌ ĐŽŵ ƐĞƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ &Žŝ
ă ƉƌĞĐĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ Ğ ŵĂƌŐŝŶĂůŝǌĂĚĂƐ ŶĂƐ ĨĂǀĞůĂƐ͘ ĂƐƐŝŵƋƵĞĞůĞƐĞĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚŽƵŶĂdsZĞĐŽƌĚ͕Ğŵ
ŽŵŽ ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ƌĞƐŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ Ğ ĚĞŶƷŶĐŝĂ ϭϵϲϳ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĐĂŶƚĂƌ ΗdƌŝďƵƚŽ Ă DĂƌƚŝŶ >ƵƚŚĞƌ
ĚĞƐƐĂƐ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϵϰϬ͕ <ŝŶŐΗ͘ƌĂƵŵĂŚŽŵĞŶĂŐĞŵĂŽůşĚĞƌŶĞŐƌŽƋƵĞ
ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂǀĂŵͲƐĞ Ă hŶŝĆŽ ĚŽƐ ,ŽŵĞŶƐ ĚĞ Žƌ ůƵƚŽƵ ĂƚĠ Ă ŵŽƌƚĞ ƉĞůŽƐ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ĐŝǀŝƐ Ğ Ă
;h,ͿĞŽdĞĂƚƌŽǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚĂůĚŽEĞŐƌŽ;dEͿ͕ ŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞƌĂĐŝĂůŶŽƐƐƚĂĚŽƐhŶŝĚŽƐ͘
ƐŽď Ă ůŝĚĞƌĂŶĕĂ ĚŽ ŝŶƚĞůĞĐƚƵĂů ďĚŝĂƐ ĚŽ dĂŶƚŽ Ž ƌĂƐŝů ĚĞ ^ŝŵŽŶĂů ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ŽƐ
EĂƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘ ŶƚƌĞ ƐƵĂƐ ƉĂƵƚĂƐ ĞƐƚĂǀĂŵ͗ Ă ƐƚĂĚŽƐhŶŝĚŽƐĚĞ<ŝŶŐƉŽƐƐƵĞŵƵŵƉĂƐƐĂĚŽ
ĚĞĨĞƐĂ ĚŽƐ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ĐŝǀŝƐ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ŶĞŐƌĂƐ ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝƐƚĂ͘ ŵďŽƐ ƚŝǀĞƌĂŵ ŽƐ ŶĞŐƌŽƐ

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ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝǌĂĚŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ŵĆŽ ĚĞ ŽďƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞ

ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵŝƌ ĐŽŵŽ ŶĂĕƁĞƐ͘ ŽŵŽ Ěŝǌ Ă ůĞƚƌĂ͗ ΗK
ƋƵĞƚĞƉĞĕŽĠůƵƚĂƐŝŵ͕ůƵƚĂƌŵĂŝƐ͕ƋƵĞĂůƵƚĂ
ĞƐƚĄ ŶŽ ĨŝŵΗ͘ hŵĂ ŵƷƐŝĐĂ ďĞůşƐƐŝŵĂ ƋƵĞ ĞƵ ϭͿ O texto diz que “A abolição da escravidão, o
ƐĞŵƉƌĞŵĞƌĞĐŽƌĚŽĚĞůĂƋƵĂŶĚŽĐŚĞŐĂŽϮϬĚĞ ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂƐƚĞŽƌŝĂƐƌĂĐŝĂůŝƐƚĂƐ͕ďĞŵĐŽŵŽ
ŶŽǀĞŵďƌŽ͕ŝĂĚĂŽŶƐĐŝġŶĐŝĂEĞŐƌĂ͕ƋƵĞŶŽƐ Ă ĂƵƐġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĂŵƉĂƌŽ
ƌĞĐŽƌĚĂ Ă ŵŽƌƚĞ ĚĞ Ƶŵďŝ ĚŽƐ WĂůŵĂƌĞƐ͕ Ƶŵ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƉĂƌĂĞƐƐĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͕ĞŽƐŝůġŶĐŝŽĂĞƐƐĞ
ĚŽƐ ůşĚĞƌĞƐ ĚŽ ŵĂŝŽƌ ƋƵŝůŽŵďŽ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽůĞǀĂŵĂĐƌĞƌŵĂŝƐĞŵƵŵĂƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂ
ŽůƀŶŝĂ͕ŶĞƐƚĂŵĞƐŵĂĚĂƚĂŶŽĂŶŽĚĞϭϲϵϱ͘ ĚĞŐŽǀĞƌŶŽƉĂƵƚĂĚĂĞŵŚŝŐŝĞŶŝǌĂĕĆŽƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞ
ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ ůĞŵďƌĂƌ ƚŽĚŽƐ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ ƋƵĞ eliminação de uma espécie de inimigo.”
ůƵƚĂƌĂŵ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ă ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝĚĆŽ ĐŽŵŽ ŽƐ ŝƌŵĆŽƐ ǆƉůŝƋƵĞƋƵĂůĞƌĂƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂĚĞƐƐĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĞŵ
ZĞďŽƵĕĂƐ͕ >ƵŝƐ 'ĂŵĂ͕ :ŽƐĠ ĚŽ WĂƚƌŽĐşŶŝŽ͕ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂŽƐůŝďĞƌƚŽƐ͘
WƌŝŶĐĞƐĂ /ƐĂďĞů Ğ ƚĂŶƚŽƐ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ >ĞŵďƌĞŵŽƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ƚĂŵďĠŵĚĞĨŽŶƐŽƌŝŶŽƐĞƐƵĂůĞŝĂŶƚŝƌĂĐŝƐƚĂ͕ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
Ă ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘ YƵĞ ƉŽƐƐĂŵŽƐ ƚĞƌ Ă ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ĐŽŶƐĐŝġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ƐŽŵŽƐ ŝŐƵĂŝƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ĚĂ ƌĂĕĂ͕ ĚŽ ĐƌĞĚŽ Ğ ĚĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ŽƌŝŐĞŵ͘dĂůƋƵĂůDĂƌƚŝŶ>ƵƚŚĞƌ<ŝŶŐƐŽŶŚŽƵĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
tŝůƐŽŶ^ŝŵŽŶĂůĐĂŶƚŽƵ͘ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ
ϮͿ DĂƌƋƵĞĂĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͘EĂƚƌĂŶƐŝĕĆŽ
ĚŽ/ŵƉĠƌŝŽƉĂƌĂĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕ƉĞƌĐĞďĞͲƐĞƋƵĞ͕
ƉĂƌĂĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐŶĞŐƌĂƐƌĞĐĠŵůŝďĞƌƚĂƐ͕ĂƷŶŝĐĂ
ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĨŽŝĚĂĐĂƐĂŐƌĂŶĚĞƉĂƌĂ
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŽƐ ƐƵďƷƌďŝŽƐ Ğ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐ

ĨĂǀĞůĂƐĚŽƉĂşƐ
;Ϳ ;ͿŽƐŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĐĞŶƚƌŽƐƵƌďĂŶŽƐ
>ŝŶŬĚŽǀşĚĞŽĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ͗ ;Ϳ ;ͿĂƐŐƌĂŶĚĞƐƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐƌƵƌĂŝƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсϬYϲĚŝǁϱŬũY ͘
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϮŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ ;Ϳ ;ͿĂƐ^ĞŶǌĂůĂƐ

269
ϯͿ EŽƐĐŽŶƚƵƌďĂĚŽƐĂŶŽƐϭϵϯϬ͕ŽƌĂƐŝů͕ĚŝĂŶƚĞ
ĚĂƐĨĂůŚĂƐĚĂƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐĚĠĐĂĚĂƐĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͕
ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂǀĂĐƌŝĂƌƵŵĂŶŽǀĂŝŵĂŐĞŵ͕ƉĂƌĂŵĂƌĐĂƌ
Ž ŶŽǀŽ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ͘ ŶĞƐƚĞ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž KďũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ
ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ'ĞƚƷůŝŽsĂƌŐĂƐƐĞĂƉƌŽƉƌŝĂĚĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂ ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ă ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ;ĂƚĠ ϭϵϲϰͿ͖
ĚĞŵŽĐƌĂĐŝĂ ƌĂĐŝĂů͕ ĐƵŶŚĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ƐŽĐŝſůŽŐŽ ŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐ Ğ ĞƐƚƵĚŽƐ ŶĂ
'ŝůďĞƌƚŽ &ƌĞǇƌĞ͘ YƵĂů ĞƌĂ Ă ŝŶƚĞŶĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĂƚƵĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽŶĞƐƐĞŵŽŵĞŶƚŽĐŽŵĞƐƐĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽĚĞ
ĚĞŵŽĐƌĂĐŝĂƌĂĐŝĂů͍ ,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ͗ ;&Ϭϵ,/ϬϳͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ğ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌ͕ Ğŵ ŵĞŝŽ Ă ůſŐŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ŝŶĐůƵƐĆŽ Ğ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĞǆĐůƵƐĆŽ͕ĂƐƉĂƵƚĂƐĚŽƐƉŽǀŽƐŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͕ŶŽ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ ;ĂƚĠ ϭϵϲϰͿ͕ Ğ ĚĂƐ
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐĂĨƌŽĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ;&Ϭϵ,/ϬϴͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ ĂƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ
ŽĐŽƌƌŝĚĂƐ ŶŽ ĚĞďĂƚĞ ƐŽďƌĞ ĂƐ ƋƵĞƐƚƁĞƐ ĚĂ
ϰͿ A transição para um país “moderno” estaria ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞŶŽƌĂƐŝůĚƵƌĂŶƚĞŽƐĠĐƵůŽyyĞ
ĐŽŶĚŝĐŝŽŶĂĚĂ ă ĞůŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ŶŽǀŽ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌŽƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂĚŽĚĂƐŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĞ
ŝŶŝŵŝŐŽ͕ ŶŽ ĐĂƐŽ͕ Ă ƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵĞŵƌĞůĂĕĆŽĂŽƚĞŵĂ͘
ŶĞŐƌĂƐ͘ ĞƐƐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ Ž ƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐŽ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů

ƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌŝĂ ƐĞ ĨŽƐƐĞ ĂĚŽƚĂĚĂ ƵŵĂ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ ĞŵďƌĂŶƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ͘
EĞƐƐĞĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ͕ĚĂƐĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂƐĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͕ƋƵĂů
ĞƌĂĂŵĞĚŝĚĂƉĂƌĂƋƵĞŝƐƐŽĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƐƐĞ͍
WK>1d//E/'E/^d
^ĞĨŽƌŵŽƐĚĂƌƵŵĂŽůŚĂĚĂŶĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĚŽƌĂƐŝů͕
;Ϳ ;ͿƵŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞŝŵŝŐƌĂĕĆŽ
ĞƐĞĨŽĐĂƌŵŽƐŶŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐ͕ŝƌĞŵŽƐŶŽƐĚĞƉĂƌĂƌ
ĚĞĞƵƌŽƉĞƵƐƉĂƌĂŽƌĂƐŝů͘
ĐŽŵ ƚƌŝƐƚĞƐ ĨĂƚŽƐ͘ ƵƌĂŶƚĞ ƚŽĚŽ Ž ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ
;Ϳ ;ͿƵŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞŝŵŝŐƌĂĕĆŽ
ĐŽůŽŶŝĂů ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ƚĞŵŽƐ Ž şŶĚŝŽ ǀŝƐƚŽ ĐŽŵŽ
ĚŽƌĂƐŝůƉĂƌĂƵƌŽƉĂ͘
ƵŵĂƉĞƐƐŽĂŝŶĨĞƌŝŽƌ͘ŝƌĞŵŽƐǀĞƌĚĞĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
;Ϳ ;ͿƵŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞĞǆƉĂƚƌŝĂĕĆŽ
ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞ Ž ĞƵƌŽƉĞƵ ƐĞ
ĚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽƌĞƐĞƐƚƌĂŶŐĞŝƌŽƐ͘
ĐŽůŽĐĂŶĚŽŶĂĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽĚĞƐƵƉĞƌŝŽƌĂŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐ͕
;Ϳ ; Ϳ ŝŵŝŶƵŝĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ
ĞůŽŐŽŽĞƐĐƌĂǀŝǌĂŶĚŽĞƚĞŶƚĂŶĚŽŽĐĂƚĞƋƵŝǌĂƌ͘
ŝŵŝŐƌĂĕĆŽĚĞĞƵƌŽƉĞƵƐƉĂƌĂŽƌĂƐŝů͘

270
ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂŵ ƐĞƌ

ŽŵŽĂĐŽůŽŶŝǌĂĕĆŽŶŽƌĂƐŝůĨŽŝĨĞŝƚĂĚĞĨŽƌŵĂ catequizados para se tornar “povos de Deus”
ĚĞ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽ͕ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ǀşƚŝŵĂƐ ĚĂƐ ĨŽŝ Ž ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ĂƚŽ ĚĞ ƉĂƚĞƌŶĂůŝƐŵŽ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ
ĂƚŝƚƵĚĞƐĚŽƐĐŽůŽŶŝǌĂĚŽƌĞƐƋƵĞĚĞŵŽĚŽŐĞƌĂů şŶĚŝŽƐƐŽĨƌĞƌĂŵ͘&ĂƚŽĠƋƵĞƐĞŵƉƌĞƚŝǀĞŵŽƐĞ
ĞƐĐƌĂǀŝǌĂƌĂŵ Ğ ĚŝǌŝŵĂƌĂŵ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͘ ^ĂůǀĞ ĂƐ ƵƐĂŵŽƐĂĚĞƐĐƵůƉĂƋƵĞŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐĚĞǀĞƌŝĂŵƚĞƌ
ŵŝƐƐƁĞƐ :ĞƐƵşƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĚĞƌĂŵ ĞƐƉĞƌĂŶĕĂ ĂŽ ŶŽƐƐĂƐ ĂũƵĚĂƐ Ğ ĂŵƉĂƌŽƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ŶĂĚĂ ƐĞƌŝĂ
ĨƵƚƵƌŽŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂ͘ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ ƐĞ ŶſƐ ŶĆŽ ƚŝǀĠƐƐĞŵŽƐ ŝŶǀĂĚŝĚŽ ƐĞƵ
WŽƌ ŽƵƚƌŽ ůĂĚŽ͕ Ă ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚġŶĐŝĂ ĚŽ ŚĂďŝƚĂƚ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕ ŶĆŽ ƋƵĞƌŽ ĂƋƵŝ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ Ƶŵ
ƌĂƐŝůĐŽŵĞĕĂĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƐĞŵŵƵŝƚŽŐĂŶŚŽŶŽ ƌƵŵŽ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂ ŽƵ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂ ƐĞƌ
ƋƵĞ Ěŝǌ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ ĂŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͘ ^ŽŵĞŶƚĞ ŶĂ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉŽŝƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ ĨĞůŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ
ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϯϰ Ġ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ ǀĆŽ ĞǆŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ͕ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ Ă ĂĐƵůƚƵƌĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ĐŝŵĂ
ŐĂŶŚĂƌĂŵƉĂƌŽůĞŐĂůĚĂůĞŝ͕ƉŽŝƐĂƚĠĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĞůĞƐ ĚŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͘ ĂƋƵŝ ƋƵĞ ĞŶƚƌĂ Ă ĚĞĨĞƐĂ ĚŽƐ
ĞƐƚĂǀĂŵ ă ŵĞƌĐġ͕ ŽƌĂ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͘
ƐƚĂĚŽ ŽƵƚƌĂ ĚĂ hŶŝĆŽ͕ ƐƵĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĞƌĂŵ ĐƌĞĚŝƚŽ ƋƵĞ Ɛŝŵ͕ Ă hŶŝĆŽ ƚĞŵ ƉŽƌ
ƌĞŐŝĚĂƐƉŽƌŵĞĚŝĚĂƐŽƵĚĞĐƌĞƚŽƐ͘ obrigação a defesa e manutenção das “nações
WŽƌ Ĩŝŵ ĂŽ ůŽŶŐŽ ĚĞ ϰϬϬ ĂŶŽƐ ĚĞ indígenas” nada mais justo, uma vez que estes
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĚĞƐĚĞĂĐŚĞŐĂĚĂĚŽĞƵƌŽƉĞƵ͕ŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐ povos “são originários do Brasil” ou chegaram
sempre ficaram jogados à “sorte do destino” ŵƵŝƚŽĂŶƚĞƐĚĂƐĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂƐĞƵƌŽƉĞŝĂƐ͘
ĂƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ ŚĂǀĞƌ ĞƐƚĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ŝŶĚŝŐĞŶŝƐƚĂƐ
ƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ŵĂŶƚĞƌ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ ŶĆŽ ĨŽŝ Ž ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂŵ ƐĞƌ ƉĂƌĂ ƉƌŽƚĞŐĞƌ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ
ƐƵĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞƉĂƌĂĨƌĞĂƌŽƐĞƵĚĞĐůşŶŝŽĐŽŶƚşŶƵŽ͕Ğ ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ ƐŽĐŝĂů ƋƵĞ Ġ ŽƵ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂ ƐĞƌ ŶĆŽ
ŵƵŝƚŽƐĐŚĞŐĂƌĂŵĂĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĂƌƋƵĞĞƌĂƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĚĂ ĐŽŵ Ž ŵƵŶĚŽ ŽĐŝĚĞŶƚĂů͕ ƉƌŽƚĞŐĞƌ
ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ĚĞ ƚĞŵƉŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ ƐƵĂƐƚĞƌƌĂƐ͕ƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞƐƵĂŶŽĕĆŽĚĞĞƐƉĂĕŽ
ĚĞŝǆĂƐƐĞŵĚĞĞǆŝƐƚŝƌ͘ ĠŵƵŝƚŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ͕ĞŶĨŝŵĐĂďĞĂhŶŝĆŽĞƐƚĂĚŽ
ƉĞƐĂƌĚĞƚŽĚŽŽƉƌĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽĚĂŶŽƐƐĂ ĂƐƐĞŐƵƌĂƌĂůĞŐĂůŝĚĂĚĞĚŽƐƉŽǀŽƐŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͘
ƉĂƌƚĞ ĂŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ ŚŽũĞ ƚĞŵŽƐ ƵŵĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ K ƉĂƚĞƌŶĂůŝƐŵŽ Ġ Ƶŵ ŵĂů ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ
mais “atenta e solidária” aos povos indígenas, ƉĂƌĂŽşŶĚŝŽ͕ƉŽŝƐŶĆŽƚġŵĐŽŵŽŵƵĚĂƌĞƐƚĞĨŝŽ
ĂŝŶĚĂ ŶĆŽ Ġ Ž ŝĚĞĂů͕ ŵĂƐ ƐĞŵ ĚƷǀŝĚĂ Ž ĂƚƵĂů ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ Ğ ĨĂǌĞƌ ĚĂƐ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ
ƋƵĂĚƌŽĠŵĞůŚŽƌƋƵĞĞŵŽƵƚƌŽƐƚĞŵƉŽƐ͘ ĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌąŶĞĂƐ ŵĞŶŽƐ ĂŐƌĞƐƐŝǀĂƐ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐ
KƉĂƚĞƌŶĂůŝƐŵŽƋƵĞŐŝƌĂĞŵƚŽƌŶŽĚŽƐ ĂŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͘ ĐŚŽ ƋƵĞ ĐĂďĞ Ă ƚŽĚŽƐ ŶſƐ
ƉŽǀŽƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ Ġ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ ĚĞƐĚĞ Ž ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂƌ Ă ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂ͕ Ğ ĞŶǆĞƌŐĂƌ ƋƵĞ
ĐŽůŽŶŝĂů͕ ƉŽŝƐ ƵŵĂ ǀĞǌ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƵƌŽƉĞƵ ƐĞ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ĂƚƵĂŝƐ ƋƵĂĚƌŽƐ ĚĞ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ Ġ Ƶŵ
ĐŽůŽĐŽƵŶĂĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽĚĞƐƵƉĞƌŝŽƌ͕ĞƵƐŽƵĚĞƐƚĞ ŵƵŶĚŽ ĐĂĚĂ ǀĞǌ ŵĂŝƐ ŚŽŵŽŐġŶĞŽ͕ ŽƐ ƉŽǀŽƐ

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ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ ǀĆŽ ĂŽƐ ƉŽƵĐŽƐ ƐĞŶĚŽ ŝŶƐĞƌŝĚŽƐ Ă ƐƚĂĚŽƐ͕ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĨƵŶĚĂƌĂŵ ſƌŐĆŽƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ Ă
ĞƐƚĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ͘ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽĚŽZŝŽ'ƌĂŶĚĞĚŽ^Ƶů͕ŵĂƐŶŽƋƵĂĚƌŽ
ŐĞƌĂůĂƐƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂƌĂŵƐĞŶĚŽƵƐĂĚĂƐĂƐ
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĞĚƵĐĂŝŐƵĂďĂ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĐŽŶƚĞƵĚŽͺƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůͬ ŵĞƐŵĂƐĚŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ/ŵƉĞƌŝĂůĞŵĂŶƵƚĞŶĕĆŽĚĂ
ĂƉŽƐƚŝůĂƐͬŵĂƌŝĂͺůƵĐŝĂͬϯϭͺĚĞͺĂŐŽƐƚŽͺĂͺϭϮͺĚĞͺƐĞƚĞŵď
ƌŽͺĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂĐĂŽͬϯϭͺĚĞͺĂŐŽƐƚŽͺĂͺϭϮͺĚĞͺƐĞƚĞŵďƌ ĐĂƚĞƋƵĞƐĞ͘
ŽͺĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂĐĂŽͺϵͺEKͬϯϭͺĚĞͺĂŐŽƐƚŽͺĂͺϭϮͺĚĞͺƐ
ĞƚĞŵďƌŽͺĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂĐĂŽͺϵͺEKͺĂƌƋƵŝǀŽƐͬƉŽƐƚŝůĂ
EŽ ĨŝŶĂů ĚŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ y/y ĐŽŵ Ă ĐŚĞŐĂĚĂ
йϮϬйϮϬϵйϮййϮϬĂŶŽͲйϮϬйϮϬƵůĂйϮϬϮϬ͘ƉĚĨ ĚŽƐ ŝŵŝŐƌĂŶƚĞƐ ĞƵƌŽƉĞƵƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ŶŽƐ
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϲĚĞŶŽǀĚĞϮϬϮϬ͘ĚĂƉƚĂĚŽ
ƐƚĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ ^ĂŶƚĂ ĂƚĂƌŝŶĂ Ğ WĂƌĂŶĄ͕
WK>1d//E/'E/^dEKZ^/> ĚĞƐĞŶĐĂĚĞŽƵƵŵĂƐĠƌŝĞĚĞĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐĚĞƚĞƌƌĂƐ
ZWj>/ ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐŝŵŝŐƌĂŶƚĞƐĞşŶĚŝŽƐ͘ŽŵŽƐƚƌĂďĂůŚŽƐ͕
ĞƐĚĞ Ž ŝŶşĐŝŽ ĚĞ ŶŽƐƐĂ ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ Ă ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ĚŽƐŝŵŝŐƌĂŶƚĞƐĞƚĂŵďĠŵĚĂƐĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕƁĞƐĚĂ
ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂĨŝĐŽƵăŵĞƌĐġĚĂƐĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕƁĞƐĞĐŽŵ ƐƚƌĂĚĂĚĞ&ĞƌƌŽEŽƌŽĞƐƚĞƋƵĞƚƌĂŶƐƉĂƐƐĂǀĂŽ
ƉŽƵĐŽ ĂŵƉĂƌŽ ĚĂƐ ůĞŝƐ ǀŝŐĞŶƚĞƐ͘ KƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ ƉŽƌ ƐƚĂĚŽĚĞ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽ͕ĨŽŝŵĂƌĐĂĚĞǀĄƌŝĂƐůƵƚĂƐ
ŵĂŝƐ ŝƌƀŶŝĐŽ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐĂ ƐĞƌ͕ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞͲƐĞ ĂƌŵĂĚĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ şŶĚŝŽƐ Ğ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽƌĞƐ͘
que o Estado é o responsável pelas “nações” ĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽĞƐƚĞƋƵĞĚĄĂŽƌĂƐŝůŽƌſƚƵůŽ
ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͕ŶĂƐŶĂƉƌĄƚŝĐĂĞŶĂĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽŝƐƚŽ ĚĞ ƐĞƌ ŽŵŝƐƐŽ ĂŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ Ğ ŶĆŽ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ ŽƐ
Ġ ƉŽƵĐŽ ĞƐĐůĂƌĞĐŝĚŽ͕ ƚĂŶƚŽ Ġ ƋƵĞ Ž ĂƚƵĂů “direitos” destes povos. Por outro lado, ŚĂǀŝĂ
ĞƐƚĂƚƵƚŽŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐĞĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂĚĞƐĂƚƵĂůŝǌĂĚŽĞ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ ,ĞƌŵĂŶŶ sŽŶ /ŚĞƌŝŶŐ ƋƵĞ
ĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝƚſƌŝŽĞŵŵƵŝƚŽƐĂƐƐƵŶƚŽƐ͘ ĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĂĨŽƌƚĞŵĞŶƚĞŽĞǆƚĞƌŵşŶŝŽĚŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐ͘
:Ą ŶĂ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϭϴϵϭ͕ Ă ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ĞǀŝĚŽăƐƉƌĞƐƐƁĞƐĞǆƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͕ŽƌĂƐŝůĨƵŶĚĂŽ
ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂŶĞŵƐĞƋƵĞƌĠŝŶƐĞƌŝĚĂ͕ƐĂůǀŽŽĂƌƚŝŐŽ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ſƌŐĆŽ &ĞĚĞƌĂů ǀŽůƚĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞĨĞƐĂ
ϲϰ ƋƵĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌĞ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ ƐƚĂĚŽƐ ĂƐ ƚĞƌƌĂƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂŽ^W/;^ĞƌǀŝĕŽĚĞWƌŽƚĞĕĆŽĂŽ1ŶĚŝŽͿ͕
ĚĞǀŽůƵƚĂƐ͘ƐƚĞĂƌƚŝŐŽĚĄůĞŐŝƚŝŵŝĚĂĚĞƉĂƌĂŽƐ ƐŽďĐŽŵĂŶĚŽĚŽĐŽƌŽŶĞůĂŶĚŝĚŽDĂƌŝĂŶŽĚĂ
ƐƚĂĚŽƐĨĂǌĞƌĞŵƌĞĐŽƌƚĞƐŶĂƐƚĞƌƌĂƐŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͕ ^ŝůǀĂZŽŶĚŽŶ͕ĞƐƐĂƉĞƐƐŽĂĞƌĂƵŵƐŝŵƉĂƚŝǌĂŶƚĞ
ŵĂƐ ŶĆŽ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂŵ ŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂƌ ŽƐ ƌĞĐŽƌƚĞƐ ĚĂƐĐĂƵƐĂƐŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͘
ĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͕ŝŶĐůƵƐŝǀĞŽƐĨĞŝƚŽƐƉĞůŽ/ŵƉĞƌĂĚŽƌ͘ K ^W/ ĨŽŝ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ĚŽ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŝƐŵŽ Ğ ĚŽ
ƵƌĂŶƚĞŽŝŶşĐŝŽĚĂƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂŚŽƵǀĞƵŵ ůŝďĞƌĂůŝƐŵŽ͕ ĞŵďŽƌĂ ŵŽƚŝǀĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ĞŵŽĕĆŽ
projeto para tornar os índios em “nações ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘ ŵ ŶĞŶŚƵŵ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ Ă
livres” e autônomas dentro de seus Estados, ƌĞŶŽǀĂƌĂƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐĚŽƉŽƐƚŽůĂĚŽWŽƐŝƚŝǀŝƐƚĂ
ƉŽƌĠŵĞƐƚĞƐƉƌŽũĞƚŽƐŶĆŽĐĂĞŵŶŽĂŐƌĂĚŽĚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ ŶĞŵ ŽƐ ƚƌĂƚŽƵ ĐŽŵŽ ŶĂĕƁĞƐ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ͘ůĠŵĚŽŵĂŝƐƋƵĞƵŵĂŵĞĚŝĚĂĐŽŵŽ ƐŽďĞƌĂŶĂƐ͘sŝĂŽşŶĚŝŽĐŽŵŽƵŵƐĞƌĚŝŐŶŽĚĞ
ĞƐƚĂ͕ŝƌŝĂĨĞƌŝƌĂĂƵƚŽŶŽŵŝĂĚŽƐƐƚĂĚŽƐƉĞƌĂŶƚĞ ĐŽŶǀŝǀĞƌ ŶĂ ĐŽŵƵŶŚĆŽ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ ĞŵďŽƌĂ
ŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐ͘ŽŵĂƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƉĂƐƐĂĚĂĂŽƐ ŝŶĨĞƌŝŽƌ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͘ ƌĂ ĚĞǀĞƌ ĚŽ ƐƚĂĚŽ

272
ĚĂƌͲůŚĞĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐĚĞĞǀŽůƵŝƌůĞŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƵŵ ĂŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ ƉƌĞǀĂůĞĐĞŵ ăƐ ůĞŝƐ ĚĞ ϭϵϯϰ͘ ƐƚĂƐ

ĞƐƚĄŐŝŽƐƵƉĞƌŝŽƌ͕ƉĂƌĂĚĂşƐĞŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƌăŶĂĕĆŽ͘ ƚƌġƐ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕƁĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ǀŝƐƚĂƐ ĐŽŵ
WĂƌĂ ƚĂŶƚŽ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂ ĚĞŵĂƌĐĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ ƚĞƌƌĂƐ͕ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ǀĂůŽƌ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ ƉŽŝƐ
ƉƌŽƚĞŐġͲůĂƐ ĚĞ ŝŶǀĂƐŽƌĞƐ Ğ ƵƐƵƌƉĂĚŽƌĞƐ Ğŵ ĨŽƌĂŵ ĂƐ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƚƌĂƚŽƵ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ ĚĞ
ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂů͕ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐĚĂĞƐƉĞƌƚĞǌĂĚŽƐ forma “digna” com medidas e políticas de
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ͕ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞĚŽƐĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂŶƚĞƐĞ proteção para grande “nação indígena”,
ŵĂƐĐĂƚĞƐ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂǀĂŵ͕ ĞŶƐŝŶĂƌͲůŚĞƐ ůĞŵďƌĂŶĚŽƋƵĞŝƐƐŽĠĨƌƵƚŽĚĂ^W/͘
ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐĚĞĐƵůƚŝǀŽĞĚĞĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂĕĆŽĚĞƐĞƵƐ ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂ ŶĆŽ Ġ͕ ĂƚĠ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕
ďĞŶƐ͕ĞƐŽĐŽƌƌġͲůŽƐĞŵƐƵĂƐĚŽĞŶĕĂƐ͘KƐşŶĚŝŽƐ Ƶŵ ŽƐƐŽ ĚĞ ĚŝƐƉƵƚĂ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŝĚĞŽůŽŐŝĂƐ Ğ ƐĞŵ͕
ĂƵƚƀŶŽŵŽƐ͕ ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ ĂƌƌĞĚŝŽƐ͕ ƐĞƌŝĂŵ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͕ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ůĂĚŽ͕ Ğ
“pacificados”, caso fossem bravios, à custa, se ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐ ĚĞ ƌĞƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐĂ͕ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐ
ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ͕ĚŽƉƌſƉƌŝŽƐĂĐƌŝĨşĐŝŽĚŽƐƐĞƌǀŝĚŽƌĞƐ ŵŽƌĂŝƐ͕ ĚĞ ŽƵƚƌŽ͘ EĞƐƐĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞ ĂƚĠ
ĚŽſƌŐĆŽ͕ƋƵĞŶƵŶĐĂĚĞǀĞƌŝĂŵƵƐĂƌĚĂĨŽƌĕĂŽƵ ĂůĞŐĂƌ ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĚĞ ĂƌŵĂƐ͘ KƐ ŵĂŝƐ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĚŽƐ ũĄ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂŵ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ Ğ͕ Ğŵ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ĐĂƐŽƐ͕
ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƌ ŽĨşĐŝŽƐ ŵĞĐąŶŝĐŽƐ Ğ ƐĞƌ ĞĚƵĐĂĚŽƐ ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐŝƐƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƵƐĂĚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ĨŽƌŵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͘ EĆŽ ƐĞƌŝĂ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ Ž ĞŶƐŝŶŽ ĚŝŵŝŶƵŝƌ Ž ƚĂŵĂŶŚŽ ĚĂƐ ƚĞƌƌĂƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͘ EŽ
ƌĞůŝŐŝŽƐŽƉĂƌĂƚĂŶƚŽ͘;DĠƌĐŝŽWĞƌĞŝƌĂ'ŽŵĞƐ͕ ĐƀŵƉƵƚŽŐĞƌĂůĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ĂƋƵĞƐƚĆŽŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂ
ϭϵϵϭͿ ƚƌĂŶƐĐĞŶĚĞ ĞƐƐĂ ĚŝĐŽƚŽŵŝĂ͕ Ġ Ɛſ ŶĂ ƐƵĂ
ƚĠ Ă ƌĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ϯϬ Ž ^W/͕ ĨŽŝ Ƶŵ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ ĂŽ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ
ſƌŐĆŽ ƋƵĞ ŵĂŶƚĞǀĞ ƐƵĂƐ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ ŝĚĞŽůŽŐŝĂ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ Ġ ƋƵĞ ĞůĂ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌĄ ŽƐ ƐĞƵƐ
ĨŽƌƚĞƐ͕ ŵĞƐŵŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ĂďĂůŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϭϮ ŽŶĚĞ Ž ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐŵĂŝƐĨŽƌƚĞƐĞĚƵƌĂĚŽƵƌŽƐ͘;DĠƌĐŝŽ
ĞŶƚĆŽŵŝŶŝƐƚƌŽĚĞ'ƵĞƌƌĂƌĞƋƵŝƐŝƚŽƵĂǀŽůƚĂĚĞ WĞƌĞŝƌĂ'ŽŵĞƐ͕ϭϵϵϭͿ
ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ͘ DƵŝƚŽƐ ĚĞƐƐĞƐ ŽĨŝĐŝĂŝƐ Žŵ ƐƵĂ ďĂƐĞ ũĄ ĚĞƐĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚĂ͕ Ž
ĂďĂŶĚŽŶĂƌĂŵ Ž ĞǆĠƌĐŝƚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂƌ Ă ŐŽůƉĞ ĚĞ ϭϵϲϰ ƉƁĞ Ĩŝŵ ŶŽ ^W/͘ K ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ
ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂƌŶŽ^W/͘EĂĚĠĐĂĚĂĚĞϭϵϰϬĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞǆƚŝŶŐƵĞŽ^W/͕ƉĂƌĂŝƐƚŽĨŽŝĞůĂďŽƌĂĚŽ
ƌĞĐƵƉĞƌĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ ĨŽƌĕĂƐ͕ ǀŽůƚĂŶĚŽ Ă ŐĂŶŚĂƌ ƵŵůŽŐŽĚŽƐƐŝġ͕ŽŶĚĞĂƉŽŶƚĂŵǀĄƌŝŽƐĐƌŝŵĞƐĞ
ƉƌĞƐƚşŐŝŽ͘ EŽ ĂŶŽ ĚĞ ϭϵϱϯ͕ ůƵƚĂƐ ƉĞůŽ ŝƌƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƚŝǀĂ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ ŽƐ
ƉƌĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂ Ğ ĨƵŶĚĂ Ž DƵƐĞƵ ĚŽ şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ŵĂƐĞƐƐĞĚŽƐƐŝġŶƵŶĐĂĨŽŝƉƵďůŝĐĂĚŽ͘K
1ŶĚŝŽ͕ĂƚĠƋƵĞĞŵϭϵϱϳƐĞƵĚĞĐůşŶŝŽĠĞǀŝĚĞŶƚĞ͕ Ĩŝŵ ĚŽ ^W/ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĠŵĂƌĐĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ƉĞƌĚĂĚĞ
ƚĂŶƚŽĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƚŝǀĂƋƵĂŶƚŽŝĚĞŽůſŐŝĐĂ͘ ƐĞƵƐĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐĞŵƵŵŝŶĐġŶĚŝŽ͘^ĞŵƋƵĞƌĞƌ
Ɛ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕƁĞƐ ƉŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ ƐĆŽ ĨĂǌĞƌ ĂƉŽůŽŐŝĂ͕ ĞŶƚĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ^W/ ĨŽŝ ŵƵŝƚŽ
ĐŽŶƚşŶƵĂƐŶĂƐƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐŝŶĚŝŐĞŶŝƐƚĂƐ͕ƚĂŶƚŽĂĚĞ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞĞŵƐĞƵŵŽŵĞŶƚŽŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽ͕ĞƋƵĞ
ϭϵϯϳĞĂĚĞϭϵϰϲŶĆŽƚƌĂǌĞŵŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐƌĞĂŝƐ ĂƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐŽĨƌĞƵďĂƐƚĂŶƚĞ͕ŶĆŽƚĞŶŚŽ

273
ĚƷǀŝĚĂƋƵĞŝƌŝĂŵƐŽďƌĞŵƵŝƚŽŵĂŝƐƐĞŵŽ^W/͕ ŵ ϭϵϳϯ Ġ ĞůĂďŽƌĂĚŽ Ž ƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ

Ğ ƋƵĞ Ġ ůĂŵĞŶƚĄǀĞů ĂƐ ƉĞƌĚĂƐ ĚĞ ƐĞƵƐ ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽĞƐƚĞƋƵĞĠƵƐĂĚŽĂƚĠŽƐĚŝĂƐĂƚƵĂŝƐ͕
ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĂŝŶĚĂŵĂŝƐŶŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽĚŝƚĂƚŽƌŝĂů͘ ŚĂǀŝĂ ƉƌŽũĞƚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ ĂƚƵĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
ŶĨŝŵŽƐŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐĐƌŝĂŵĂ&hE/ƋƵĞĠ ĚĞƐƚĞ ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ŵĂƐ ŶƵŶĐĂ ŚŽƵǀĞ
Ă &ƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ EĂĐŝŽŶĂů ĚŽ 1ŶĚŝŽ͘ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ĚĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶƚĞƐƵĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞƉĂƌĂĂǀŽƚĂĕĆŽ͘ĞƐƚĂ
&hE/ ĞƌĂ ĂĐĂďĂƌ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ǀĞǌ ŽƐ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂ Ă &hE/ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂ ŚĄ ƋƵĂƐĞ ϰϬ ĂŶŽƐ
ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͕ ĐŽŶƐĞƌƚĂƌ ŽƐ ĞƐƚƌĂŐŽƐ Ğ ĂĨĂƐƚĂƌ ŽƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ŵĞƐŵŽ ƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ͕ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ
ŵĂůͲŝŶƚĞŶĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐƋƵĞĞƐƚĂǀĂŵƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐŶŽƐ ĂƐƐŝŵĞƐƚĞſƌŐĆŽĨŝƋƵĞĚĞƐƉƌĞƉĂƌĂĚŽĞŝŶĐĂƉĂǌ
ƷůƚŝŵŽƐĂŶŽƐĚŽ^W/͘ ĚĞƐŽůƵĐŝŽŶĂƌŽƐƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘
ƐƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐĚŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽŵŝůŝƚĂƌ
ŶĆŽ ǀĆŽ ĂůĠŵ ĚĂƋƵŝůŽ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐĂŵŽƐ ĞƐƉĞƌĂƌ ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƐŝƚĞƐ͘ŐŽŽŐůĞ͘ĐŽŵͬĂͬŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂŽĨĨůŝŶĞ͘ĐŽŵͬŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂ
ĚĞƐĚĞ Ž ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ŶŽƐƐĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ Ă hŶŝĆŽ ͬĞƐƚƵĚŽƐͲŝŶĚŝŐĞŶĂƐͬƉŽůŝƚŝĐĂͲŝŶĚŝŐĞŶŝƐƚĂͲŶĂͲƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂͲ
ĚŽͲďƌĂƐŝůĐĞƐƐŽĞŵ͗ϭϲĚĞŶŽǀĚĞϮϬϮϬ͘
ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞ ƋƵĞ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ƚĞƌƌĂƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ ƐĆŽ
ƉƌŽƉƌŝĞĚĂĚĞĚŽƐƚĂĚŽ͘
Ϯ͘ ƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ž ŝŶşĐŝŽ ĚĂ ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ŚŽƵǀĞ Ƶŵ

projeto para torna os índios em “nações livre”
>ŝŶŬĚŽǀşĚĞŽĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ͗ Ğ ĂƵƚƀŶŽŵĂƐ ĚĞŶƚƌŽ ĚĞ ƐĞƵƐ ƐƚĂĚŽƐ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵ

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǇŽƵƚƵďĞ͘ĐŽŵͬǁĂƚĐŚ͍ǀсǇͺƚ<ŝŵdY ͘
ĞƐƚĞƐƉƌŽũĞƚŽƐŶĆŽĐĂĞŵŶŽĂŐƌĂĚŽ
ĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϮϮŶŽǀ͘ϮϬϮϯ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿĚŽƐƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿĚŽƐ1ŶĚŝŽƐ͘
;Ϳ ;ͿĚŽƐƚĂĚŽ͘
ϭ͘ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞŵ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ĂƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ;Ϳ ;ͿĚŽƐĞƌǀŝĕŽĚĞƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽĂŽşŶĚŝŽ͘
ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐĚĂƐƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐŝŶĚŝŐĞŶŝƐƚĂƐŶŽƉĞƌşŽĚŽ
ZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͘

274
ϯ͘ KƋƵĞĠ^W/Ğ&hE/ĞƋƵĂŝƐĨŽƌĂŵĂƐƐƵĂƐ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂƐ ŶĂ ůƵƚĂ ƉĞůĂ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ Ğ
ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͍
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ WZ/Z'KD^͕D͘ KƐ1ŶĚŝŽƐĞŽƌĂƐŝů͘ Ě͘
ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ sŽǌĞƐ͕ϭϵϵϭ͘
ϰ͘ YƵĂůĠŽſƌŐĆŽŶŽƌĂƐŝůĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞƋƵĞĠ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞů ƉĞůĂ ĚĞŵĂƌĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ƚĞƌƌĂƐ
ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͍
;Ϳ ;ͿDŝŶŝƐƚĠƌŝŽĚĂ:ƵƐƚŝĕĂ͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳ/ŶĐƌĂ͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳ/ďĂŵĂ͘
;Ϳ ;Ϳ&ƵŶĂŝ͘
ϱ͘ K ^W/ ĨŽŝ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ĚŽ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŝƐŵŽ Ğ ĚŽ

ůŝďĞƌĂůŝƐŵŽ͕ ĞŵďŽƌĂ ŵŽƚŝǀĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ ĞŵŽĕĆŽ
ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘ ŵ ŶĞŶŚƵŵ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ ĐŚĞŐŽƵ Ă
ƌĞŶŽǀĂƌĂƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐĚŽƉŽƐƚŽůĂĚŽWŽƐŝƚŝǀŝƐƚĂ
ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ ŶĞŵ ŽƐ ƚƌĂƚŽƵ ĐŽŵŽ ŶĂĕƁĞƐ
ƐŽďĞƌĂŶĂƐ͘ ŽŵŽ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ ĞƌĂŵ ǀŝƐƚŽƐ ƉĞůŽ
^W/͍

275
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>ZZd^
EĂƐĂƉŽƐƚŝůĂƐĚĞĂƌƚĞƐ͕ĂƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐƐĆŽĞŵƐƵĂ
ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͕ĞŵƋƵĞŽƐĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐĚĞǀĞŵ
ĚĞƐĞŶŚĂƌ͕ ƉŝŶƚĂƌ Ğ ŵĂŶƵƐĞĂƌ Ž ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů
ƐƵŐĞƌŝĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͘
>/E'h'E^^h^dEK>K'/^
276
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>ZhK
&1^/ – ϵǑŶŽ
dŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ƌĞƉŽƐƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƐƵŐĞƐƚŝǀĂƐ ƉĞůŽ

ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ͕ŽĂůƵŶŽƚĞŵĂƵƚŽŶŽŵŝĂƉĂƌĂƌĞĂůŝǌĄͲ
ůĂƐ͘
>/E'h'E^ ^h^dEK>K'/^
277
/ Ăŵ Ă ƉĂƐƐŝŽŶĂƚĞ
^ŝŵŝůĂƌŝƚǇ
ƐƚƵĚĞŶƚ͘
/ ůĞĂƌŶ͕ ŐƌŽǁ͕ ĂŶĚ

ŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŶĐǇ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϭ ŝŶƐƉŝƌĞ͘
ƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ /ĂŵĂǁĂŶĚĞƌĞƌĂƚŚĞĂƌƚ͕
ďƵƚ / Ăŵ ŐƌŽƵŶĚĞĚ ŝŶ
ZĞĐŝƉƌŽĐŝƚǇ
ƌĞĂůŝƚǇ͘ / ůŽǀĞ ŵǇ
ϭ͘ EĆŽŚĄŐĂďĂƌŝƚŽƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂů
ĨĂŵŝůǇ͊
Ϯ͘ DĂƌƋƵĞ ŶĂ ƚĂďĞůĂ ƋƵĂŝƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ

/ ůŽǀĞ ŵǇ ĨĂŵŝůǇ͊ / ůŽǀĞ
ĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŵŶŽƚĞǆƚŽĂƐĞŐƵŝƌ͗ ^ŽĐŝĂďŝůŝƚǇ
ĂŶŝŵĂůƐ͊/ůŽǀĞŶĂƚƵƌĞ͊
/ĂŵĂǁĂŶĚĞƌĞƌĂƚŚĞĂƌƚ͕
ďƵƚ / Ăŵ ŐƌŽƵŶĚĞĚ ŝŶ
ŵƉĂƚŚǇ
ƌĞĂůŝƚǇ͘ / ůŽǀĞ ŵǇ
ĨĂŵŝůǇ͊
/ĂŵĂƐƚƌŽŶŐŐŝƌů /
^ĞůĨͲ
ůĞĂƌŶ͕ ŐƌŽǁ͕ ĂŶĚ ŝŶƐƉŝƌĞ͘
ŽŶĨŝĚĞŶĐĞ͗
dŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƚŽĚŽ Ġ Ƶŵ

^ƚŽƌǇƚĞůůŝŶŐ
^ƚŽƌǇƚĞůůŝŶŐ
ϯ͘ >ĞŝĂ ĂƐ ĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂƐƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌĞ

ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ŵĂƌƋƵĞ ŶŽ ƋƵĂĚƌŽ ƋƵĂŝƐ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŵĞŵĐĂĚĂƵŵĂĚĞůĂƐ͗
ĂͿ ǇďĞƌďƵůůǇŝŶŐ
ďͿ ĞůŝĐŝŽƵƐŝŐƵƌŐĞƌ
ƌĞĚŝďŝůŝƚǇ / Ăŵ Ă ƉĂƐƐŝŽŶĂƚĞ
ƐƚƵĚĞŶƚ͘/ůŽǀĞƚŽƌĞĂĚ͘
/ Ăŵ ϭϳϭ Đŵ ƚĂůů͘ ŽĚŝĂĐ

ƚƚƌĂĐƚŝǀĞŶĞƐƐ ^ŝŐŶ͕ ^ĐŽƌƉŝŽ / ůŽǀĞ WĞƌƐƵĂƐŝǀĞ
ĂŶŝŵĂůƐ͊/ůŽǀĞŶĂƚƵƌĞ͊ ZĞƐŽƵƌĐĞ KŶĚĞŽƌĞĐƵƌƐŽĂƉĂƌĞĐĞ
>/E'h'E^ ^h^dEK>K'/^
278
hƐĞ ŽĨ ĞůŝĐŝŽƵƐŝŐƵƌŐĞƌŝƐĐŽƵŶƚ ƉƉĞĂů ƚŽ ǇďĞƌďƵůůǇŝŶŐ Ͳ EŽ ŽŶĞ

ǀŝĚĞŶĐĞ ϭϬйKĨĨ DŽƌĂůŝƚǇ ĚĞƐĞƌǀĞƐƚŽĨĞĞůǁŽƌƚŚůĞƐƐ
dĞƐƚŝŵŽŶŝĂůƐ ŶĆŽƚĞŵ ĂƉşƚƵůŽϮ
ƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ
EĂƐ ĚƵĂƐ ĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂƐ Ă
ŵŽƚŝŽŶĂů
ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ƚƌĂǌ ŵŽƚŝŽŶĂů ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂŝƐŶĆŽŚĄŐĂďĂƌŝƚŽ
ƉƉĞĂů
ƉƉĞĂů
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϯ
WŽƐŝƚŝǀĞ ĞůŝĐŝŽƵƐŝŐƵƌŐĞƌͲŽƚşƚƵůŽ ƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ

>ĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ĚŽƉŽƐƚƚƌĂǌWŽƐŝƚŝǀĞ>ĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ
͘
ĞůŝĐŝŽƵƐŝŐƵƌŐĞƌŝƐĐŽƵŶƚ
^ĞŶƐĞ ŽĨ ϭϬйKĨĨ ;ůƐŽͬ&ƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞͬDŽƌĞŽǀĞƌͬ/ŶĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶ

hƌŐĞŶĐǇ ǇďĞƌďƵůůǇŝŶŐ Ͳ EŽ ŽŶĞ ͬĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůůǇͿ
ĚĞƐĞƌǀĞƐƚŽĨĞĞůǁŽƌƚŚůĞƐƐ
ŽƵŶƚĞƌĂƌŐƵ ǇďĞƌďƵůůǇŝŶŐ Ͳ EŽ ŽŶĞ / ĞŶũŽǇ ƉƌĂĐƚŝĐŝŶŐ ƐƉŽƌƚƐ͕ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůůǇ ůŽŶŐͲ

ŵĞŶƚ ĚĞƐĞƌǀĞƐƚŽĨĞĞůǁŽƌƚŚůĞƐƐ ĚŝƐƚĂŶĐĞ ƌƵŶŶŝŶŐ͘ ĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůůǇ͕ / ŚĂǀĞ Ă
ƉĂƌƚŝĐƵůĂƌŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚŝŶŽƵƚĚŽŽƌĂĐƚŝǀŝƚŝĞƐ͘
ǇďĞƌďƵůůǇŝŶŐ Ͳ EŽ ŽŶĞ
ĚĞƐĞƌǀĞƐƚŽĨĞĞůǁŽƌƚŚůĞƐƐ /ĂŵĨůƵĞŶƚŝŶƚŚƌĞĞůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞƐ͘&ƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ͕/
>ŽŐŝĐĂů ŚĂǀĞ ĞǆƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞ ǁŽƌŬŝŶŐ ŝŶ ŵƵůƚŝĐƵůƚƵƌĂů

ĞůŝĐŝŽƵƐŝŐƵƌŐĞƌŝƐĐŽƵŶƚ
ZĞĂƐŽŶŝŶŐ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚƐ͘
ϭϬйKĨĨ
/ ŚĂǀĞ ǁŽƌŬĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ƉƌŽũĞĐƚ ŵĂŶĂŐĞƌ ĨŽƌ ĨŝǀĞ
ǇĞĂƌƐ͘ DŽƌĞŽǀĞƌ͕ / ŚĂǀĞ ƌĞĐĞŝǀĞĚ ƌĞĐŽŐŶŝƚŝŽŶ
ĨŽƌůĞĂĚŝŶŐĞĨĨŝĐŝĞŶƚƚĞĂŵƐ͘
ƉƉĞĂů ƚŽ
ŶĆŽƚĞŵ
ƵƚŚŽƌŝƚǇ
>/E'h'E^^h^dEK>K'/^
279
/ Ăŵ ƉĂƐƐŝŽŶĂƚĞ ĂďŽƵƚ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ĂŶĚ WŽƐŝƚŝǀĞ >ĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ͗ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ

ŝŶŶŽǀĂƚŝŽŶ͘/ŶĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶ͕/ƐƚĂǇƵƉĚĂƚĞĚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀĂ͗ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ Ğ ĨƌĂƐĞƐ ƋƵĞ
ůĂƚĞƐƚƚƌĞŶĚƐŝŶƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚŽĨƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ͘ ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚĞŵŽƚŝŵŝƐŵŽĞƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͘
/ ŚĂǀĞ ĂĚǀĂŶĐĞĚ ƐŬŝůůƐ ŝŶ ĚĂƚĂ ĂŶĂůǇƐŝƐ͘ ^ĞŶƐĞŽĨhƌŐĞŶĐǇͲ^ĞŶƐŽĚĞƵƌŐġŶĐŝĂ͗

ĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůůǇ͕/ĂŵĐĂƉĂďůĞŽĨƚƵƌŶŝŶŐĐŽŵƉůĞǆ Ă ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĂŐŝƌ ƌĂƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ĚĂƚĂŝŶƚŽĂĐƚŝŽŶĂďůĞŝŶƐŝŐŚƚƐ͘ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƉƌŽǀĞŝƚĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŽƉŽƌƚƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ ŽƵ
ĞǀŝƚĂƌ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀĂƐ͘ Ͳ ƚĞƐƚ
͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů Ͳ ŵĂƐ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ž
ǇŽƵƌĂĚƌĞŶĂůŝŶĞ
ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞŵŽĚĞůŽ
͘ ůƐŽ͕/ĞǆĐĞůŝŶƉƌŽďůĞŵͲƐŽůǀŝŶŐĂŶĚĐƌŝƚŝĐĂů ϰ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂů
ƚŚŝŶŬŝŶŐ͘
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϰ
͘ / ŚĂǀĞ Ă ƐƚƌŽŶŐ ďĂĐŬŐƌŽƵŶĚ ŝŶ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů
ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŝŶŐ͘ &ƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ͕ / ŚĂǀĞ
ƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵƚĞĚƚŽƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚƉĂƉĞƌƐŝŶƚŚĞĨŝĞůĚ͘
͘ DŽƌĞŽǀĞƌ͕/ĂŵĂĚĞƉƚĂƚĐŽůůĂďŽƌĂƚŝŶŐǁŝƚŚ ͘ ƵƌƵƉŝƌĂŝƐĂĨŝŐƵƌĞĨƌŽŵƌĂǌŝůŝĂŶĨŽůŬůŽƌĞ
ĐƌŽƐƐͲĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶĂůƚĞĂŵƐƚŽĂĐŚŝĞǀĞĐŽŵŵŽŶ ŬŶŽǁŶ ĨŽƌ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌĞƐƚƐ ĂŶĚ
ŐŽĂůƐ͘ ĂŶŝŵĂůƐ͘ EĞǀĞƌƚŚĞůĞƐƐ͕ ŝƚƐ ŝŵĂŐĞ ŝƐ ŽĨƚĞŶ
&͘ /ĂŵƐŬŝůůĞĚŝŶĐƌĞĂƚŝŶŐĞŶŐĂŐŝŶŐĐŽŶƚĞŶƚ͘/Ŷ ĚĞƉŝĐƚĞĚŝŶĂĨƌŝŐŚƚĞŶŝŶŐŵĂŶŶĞƌƚŽĚĞƚĞƌ
ĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶ͕/ŚĂǀĞĂĨůĂŝƌĨŽƌƐƚŽƌǇƚĞůůŝŶŐ͘ ŝŶƚƌƵĚĞƌƐ͘
'͘ / ŚĂǀĞ Ă ĚĞĞƉ ƵŶĚĞƌƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ŵĂĐŚŝŶĞ ͘ dŚĞWŝŶŬZŝǀĞƌŽůƉŚŝŶ;ŽƚŽŽƌͲĚĞͲZŽƐĂͿ
ůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵƐ͘ ĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůůǇ͕ / ĞŶũŽǇ ŝƐ Ă ŵǇƐƚŝĐĂů ĨŝŐƵƌĞ ŝŶ ƌĂǌŝůŝĂŶ ĨŽůŬůŽƌĞ͕
ƐŚĂƌŝŶŐŵǇŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞƚŚƌŽƵŐŚŵĞŶƚŽƌƐŚŝƉ ŽĨƚĞŶ ƉŽƌƚƌĂǇĞĚ ĂƐ ĂŶ ĞŶĐŚĂŶƚŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ
ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵƐ͘ ƐĞĚƵĐƚŝǀĞ ďĞŝŶŐ͘ KŶ ƚŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ŚĂŶĚ͕ ŝŶ

ƐŽŵĞƐƚŽƌŝĞƐ͕ŝƚŝƐĂůƐŽĂƐƐŽĐŝĂƚĞĚǁŝƚŚĚĂƌŬ
ϯ͘ hƐĞŽĨǀŝĚĞŶĐĞͲhƐŽĚĞĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ͗ĚĂĚŽƐ͕ ĂŶĚĚĂŶŐĞƌŽƵƐůĞŐĞŶĚƐ͘
ĞƐƚĂƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͕ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽƐ ĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŽƐ Ğ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ͘ ^ĂĐŝͲWĞƌĞƌġ ŝƐ Ă ŵŝƐĐŚŝĞǀŽƵƐ ĂŶĚ ƉůĂǇĨƵů
ƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚĞƐƉĂƌĂĂƉŽŝĂƌƐĞƵĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽ͘ ĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌĨƌŽŵĨŽůŬůŽƌĞ͘ĞƐƉŝƚĞŝƚƐƉƌĂŶŬƐ͕
ŝƚ ŝƐ ĂůƐŽ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚ Ă ŐƵĂƌĚŝĂŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ
ŵŽƚŝŽŶĂů ƉƉĞĂů Ͳ ƉĞůŽ ă ĞŵŽĕĆŽ
ĨŽƌĞƐƚƐ͘
;ŵŽƚŝŽŶĂů ƉƉĞĂůͿ͗ Ă ŝŵĂŐĞŵ ƚƌĂǌ Ž
͘ dŚĞ tĞƌĞǁŽůĨ ;>ŽďŝƐŽŵĞŵͿ ŝƐ Ă
ĂƉĞůŽĞŵŽĐŝŽŶĂůĚĂĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂ
ĨƌŝŐŚƚĞŶŝŶŐĨŝŐƵƌĞƚŚĂƚ͕ŝŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚƚŽŵĂŶǇ
ŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŽůŬůŽƌĞ ĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌƐ͕ ŝƐ ĐŽŵŵŽŶůǇ
ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂƚĞĚǁŝƚŚƐƚŽƌŝĞƐŽĨƚĞƌƌŽƌĂŶĚĨĞĂƌ͘
>/E'h'E^^h^dEK>K'/^
280
ŽŝƚĂƚĄ Ġ ƵŵĂ ƐĞƌƉĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ĨŽŐŽ ĚŽ ĨŽůĐůŽƌĞ

ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ͕ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƉŽƌƉƌŽƚĞŐĞƌĂƐĨůŽƌĞƐƚĂƐ
͘ ŽŝƚĂƚĄ ŝƐ Ă ĨŝƌĞ ƐĞƌƉĞŶƚ ĨƌŽŵ ƌĂǌŝůŝĂŶ
ĞĨŽŶƚĞƐĚĞĄŐƵĂ͘ƉĞƐĂƌĚĞƐĞƵƉĂƉĞůƉƌŽƚĞƚŽƌ͕
ĨŽůŬůŽƌĞ͕ŬŶŽǁŶĨŽƌƉƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŶŐƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƐ
ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ ƚĂŵďĠŵ Ă ĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞŵ
ĂŶĚǁĂƚĞƌ ƐŽƵƌĐĞƐ͘ ĞƐƉŝƚĞ ŝƚƐ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚŝǀĞ
ĐŽŵŽƵŵĂĐƌŝĂƚƵƌĂǀŝŶŐĂƚŝǀĂƉĂƌĂĂƋƵĞůĞƐƋƵĞ
ƌŽůĞ͕ƐŽŵĞŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĞƐĂůƐŽĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞŝƚĂƐĂ
ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂŵ Ž ŵĞŝŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͘͘WĞƐƋƵŝƐĞ ƵŵĂ
ǀĞŶŐĞĨƵůĐƌĞĂƚƵƌĞĨŽƌƚŚŽƐĞǁŚŽŚĂƌŵƚŚĞ
ĨŝŐƵƌĂ ĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞũĂ ŵƵŝƚŽ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ
ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ͘
ŽŶĚĞǀŽĐġŵŽƌĂĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ͗
Ϯ͘ dƌĂĚƵĕĆŽ ϯ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂůͲƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ
ƵƌƵƉŝƌĂ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĨŝŐƵƌĂ ĚŽ ĨŽůĐůŽƌĞ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĂƉşƚƵůŽϱ

ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂƉŽƌƉƌŽƚĞŐĞƌĂƐĨůŽƌĞƐƚĂƐĞĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͘
EŽ ĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ƐƵĂ ŝŵĂŐĞŵ Ġ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĂ ĚĞ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚŽƌĂ ƉĂƌĂ

ϭ͘
ĚŝƐƐƵĂĚŝƌŝŶƚƌƵƐŽƐ͘
͘ ^ŶŽǁtŚŝƚĞŝƐŬŶŽǁŶĨŽƌŚĞƌƚŝŵĞůĞƐƐ
K ŽƚŽ ŽƌͲĚĞͲZŽƐĂ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĨŝŐƵƌĂ ŵşƐƚŝĐĂ ĚŽ
ďĞĂƵƚǇ͘ ^ŝŵŝůĂƌůǇ͕ ŚĞƌ ƐƚĞƉƐŝƐƚĞƌ ĂůƐŽ
ĨŽůĐůŽƌĞ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ͕ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĂ
ƉŽƐƐĞƐƐĞƐĂĐĂƉƚŝǀĂƚŝŶŐĐŚĂƌŵ͘
ĐŽŵŽƵŵƐĞƌĞŶĐĂŶƚĂĚŽƌĞƐĞĚƵƚŽƌ͘WŽƌŽƵƚƌŽ
͘ ^ŶŽǁ tŚŝƚĞ ĐĂƉƚŝǀĂƚĞƐ ƚŚŽƐĞ ĂƌŽƵŶĚ
ůĂĚŽ͕ Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĞƐƚĄ
ŚĞƌǁŝƚŚŝŶŶŽĐĞŶĐĞĂŶĚŐƌĂĐĞ͘>ŝŬĞǁŝƐĞ͕
ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽĂůĞŶĚĂƐƐŽŵďƌŝĂƐĞƉĞƌŝŐŽƐĂƐ͘
ŝŶĚĞƌĞůůĂΖƐ ŬŝŶĚŶĞƐƐ ĞŶĚĞĂƌƐ ŚĞƌ ƚŽ
^ĂĐŝͲWĞƌĞƌġ Ġ Ƶŵ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ ƚƌĂǀĞƐƐŽ Ğ ĞǀĞƌǇŽŶĞƐŚĞŵĞĞƚƐ͘
ďƌŝŶĐĂůŚĆŽ ĚŽ ĨŽůĐůŽƌĞ͘ ƉĞƐĂƌ ĚĞ ƐƵĂƐ ͘ /Ŷ ƚŚĞ ĞŶĐŚĂŶƚĞĚ ĨŽƌĞƐƚ͕ ^ŶŽǁ tŚŝƚĞ
ƚƌĂǀĞƐƐƵƌĂƐ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ Ġ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽ Ƶŵ ďĞĨƌŝĞŶĚƐ ǁŽŽĚůĂŶĚ ĐƌĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ͘ /Ŷ ƚŚĞ
ŐƵĂƌĚŝĆŽĚĂƐĨůŽƌĞƐƚĂƐ͘ ƐĂŵĞ ǁĂǇ͕ ŝŶĚĞƌĞůůĂ͕ ƚŽŽ͕ ĨŝŶĚƐ
ĐŽŵƉĂŶŝŽŶƐŚŝƉ ĂŵŽŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĂŶŝŵĂůƐ ŝŶ
K >ŽďŝƐŽŵĞŵ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĨŝŐƵƌĂ ĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚŽƌĂ ƋƵĞ͕
ŚĞƌŵĂŐŝĐĂůŐĂƌĚĞŶ͘
ĞŵĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞĐŽŵŵƵŝƚŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ
͘ ^ŶŽǁtŚŝƚĞΖƐƐƚŽƌǇŝƐĨŝůůĞĚǁŝƚŚŵĂŐŝĐ
ĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐŽƐ͕ĠĐŽŵƵŵĞŶƚĞĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ
ĂŶĚ ĐŚĂƌŵ͘ ŽŵƉĂƌĞĚ ƚŽ͕ ŝŶĚĞƌĞůůĂΖƐ
ĚĞƚĞƌƌŽƌĞŵĞĚŽ͘
ƚĂůĞ ŝƐ ĂůƐŽ ǁŽǀĞŶ ǁŝƚŚ ĞŶĐŚĂŶƚŝŶŐ
ŵŽŵĞŶƚƐĂŶĚĨĂŝƌǇŐŽĚŵŽƚŚĞƌƐ͘
>/E'h'E^^h^dEK>K'/^
281
͘ ^ŶŽǁ tŚŝƚĞ ŽǀĞƌĐŽŵĞƐ ƚŚĞ ǁŝĐŬĞĚ ϯ͘

ƋƵĞĞŶΖƐ ƉůŽƚƐ͘ :ƵƐƚ ĂƐ͕ ŝŶĚĞƌĞůůĂ
͘ ^ĂĐŝͲWĞƌĞƌġĠƵŵƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵƚƌĂǀĞƐƐŽ
ƚƌŝƵŵƉŚƐ ŽǀĞƌ ŚĞƌ ƐƚĞƉŵŽƚŚĞƌΖƐ
ĞďƌŝŶĐĂůŚĆŽĚŽĨŽůĐůŽƌĞ͘WŽƌŽƵƚƌŽůĂĚŽ͕
ƐĐŚĞŵĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĨŝŶĚƐ ŚĞƌ ŚĂƉƉŝůǇ ĞǀĞƌ
ĂƉĞƐĂƌĚĞƐƵĂƐƚƌĂǀĞƐƐƵƌĂƐ͕ƚĂŵďĠŵĠ
ĂĨƚĞƌ͘
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƵŵŐƵĂƌĚŝĆŽĚĂƐĨůŽƌĞƐƚĂƐ͘
Ϯ͘ ͘ K>ŽďŝƐŽŵĞŵĠƵŵĂĨŝŐƵƌĂĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚŽƌĂ
ƋƵĞ͕ Ğŵ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞ ĐŽŵ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ
͘ ƵƌƵƉŝƌĂ ŝƐ ŬŶŽǁŶ ĨŽƌ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ
ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐŽƐ͕ĠĐŽŵƵŵĞŶƚĞ
ĨŽƌĞƐƚƐ ĂŶĚ ĂŶŝŵĂůƐ͘ ^ŝŵŝůĂƌůǇ͕ ^ĂĐŝͲ
ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐĚĞƚĞƌƌŽƌĞŵĞĚŽ͘
WĞƌĞƌġŝƐĂůƐŽĂŐƵĂƌĚŝĂŶŽĨŶĂƚƵƌĞ͘
͘ ƵƌƵƉŝƌĂ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĨŝŐƵƌĂ ĚŽ ĨŽůĐůŽƌĞ
͘ ŽƚŽŽƌͲĚĞͲZŽƐĂŝƐŽĨƚĞŶƉŽƌƚƌĂǇĞĚĂƐ
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ ƉŽƌ ƉƌŽƚĞŐĞƌ ĂƐ
ĂŶ ĞŶĐŚĂŶƚŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ƐĞĚƵĐƚŝǀĞ ďĞŝŶŐ͘ /Ŷ
ĨůŽƌĞƐƚĂƐ Ğ ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͘ EŽ ĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ƐƵĂ
ƚŚĞ ƐĂŵĞ ǁĂǇ͕ ƚŚĞ ŵǇƚŚƐ ĂďŽƵƚ /ĂƌĂ͕
ŝŵĂŐĞŵ Ġ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ƌĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĂ
ƚŚĞ ǁĂƚĞƌ ŶǇŵƉŚ͕ ŚŝŐŚůŝŐŚƚ ŚĞƌ
ĚĞŵĂŶĞŝƌĂĂƐƐƵƐƚĂĚŽƌĂƉĂƌĂĚŝƐƐƵĂĚŝƌ
ĐĂƉƚŝǀĂƚŝŶŐĂŶĚŵǇƐƚĞƌŝŽƵƐĂůůƵƌĞ͘
ŝŶƚƌƵƐŽƐ͘
͘ /Ŷ ƚŚĞ ĨŽůŬůŽƌĞ ƚĂůĞƐ͕ ŽŝƚĂƚĄ ŝƐ Ă ĨŝĞƌǇ
͘ ƌĂŶĐĂ ĚĞ EĞǀĞ ĐĂƚŝǀĂ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ ĂŽ ƐĞƵ
ƐĞƌƉĞŶƚ ŐƵĂƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌĞƐƚƐ͘ :ƵƐƚ ĂƐ͕
ƌĞĚŽƌĐŽŵŝŶŽĐġŶĐŝĂĞŐƌĂĕĂ͘ĂŵĞƐŵĂ
ŽŝƚĂƚĄ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚƐ ƚŚĞ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ͕
ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ƐĞƵĐŽƌĂĕĆŽĐŽŵƉĂƐƐŝǀŽĠƵŵĂ
ĂŝƉŽƌĂ ŝƐ ĂůƐŽ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂƚĞĚ ǁŝƚŚ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ ĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽƌĂ͕ ůĞŵďƌĂŶĚŽ
ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀŝŶŐƚŚĞďĂůĂŶĐĞŽĨŶĂƚƵƌĞ͘
ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ƋƵĞƌŝĚŽƐ Ğŵ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ
͘ ŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽŽƚŚĞƌŵǇƚŚŝĐĂůĐƌĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ
ĐŽŶƚŽƐĚĞĨĂĚĂƐ͘
ĂƌŽƵŶĚ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌůĚ͕ ƚŚĞ ƌĂǌŝůŝĂŶ ^ĂĐŝͲ
͘ ƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽĂďĞůĞǌĂĚĞƌĂŶĐĂĚĞEĞǀĞ
WĞƌĞƌġ ŝƐ ŵŝƐĐŚŝĞǀŽƵƐ ĂŶĚ ƉůĂǇĨƵů͘
ĠƌĞŶŽŵĂĚĂ͕ƚĂŵďĠŵĠƐƵĂƌĞƐŝůŝġŶĐŝĂ
>ŝŬĞǁŝƐĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ůĞƉƌĞĐŚĂƵŶ ĨƌŽŵ /ƌŝƐŚ
ĚŝĂŶƚĞĚĂĂĚǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ͘ƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽĞůĂ
ĨŽůŬůŽƌĞƐŚĂƌĞƐƐŝŵŝůĂƌƚƌĂŝƚƐ͘
ƐƵƉĞƌĂ ŽƐ ƉůĂŶŽƐ ĚĂ ƌĂŝŶŚĂ ŵĄ͕ ƐƵĂ
͘ >ŝŬĞǁŝƐĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ƌĂǌŝůŝĂŶ ĨŽůŬ ŚĞƌŽ Ġ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ƐĞ ĚĞƐĚŽďƌĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ƶŵ
WĞůŝŶƚƌĂŝƐŽĨƚĞŶƉŽƌƚƌĂǇĞĚĂƐĂƚƌŝĐŬƐƚĞƌ
ƚĞƐƚĞŵƵŶŚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽƌĂŐĞŵ Ğ ƚƌŝƵŶĨŽ ĚŽ
ĨŝŐƵƌĞ͘ /Ŷ ƚŚĞ ƐĂŵĞ ǁĂǇ͕ ŶĂŶƐŝ͕ ƚŚĞ
ďĞŵ͘
ƐƉŝĚĞƌƚƌŝĐŬƐƚĞƌĨƌŽŵĨƌŝĐĂŶĨŽůŬůŽƌĞ͕ŝƐ
&͘ EŽƐ ĐŽŶƚŽƐ ĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐŽƐ͕ ŽŝƚĂƚĄ Ġ ƵŵĂ
ŬŶŽǁŶĨŽƌŚŝƐĐƵŶŶŝŶŐǁĂǇƐ͘
ƐĞƌƉĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ĨŽŐŽ ƋƵĞ ƉƌŽƚĞŐĞ ĂƐ
ĨůŽƌĞƐƚĂƐ͘ Ă ŵĞƐŵĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ ĂŝƉŽƌĂ
>/E'h'E^^h^dEK>K'/^
282
ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĞƐƚĄ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂ ă ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽ dĂƐŚĂ ƐĆŽ͗ ΗKŶĐĞ ƵƉŽŶ Ă ƚŝŵĞ͕Η ΗtŚĞŶ͕Η
ĚŽĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽĚĂŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͘ ΗĨƚĞƌ ƚŚĂƚ͕Η ΗĨƚĞƌ ƐŽŵĞ ǇĞĂƌƐ͕Η Ğ ΗKŶĞ
'͘ EŽƐ ĐŽŶƚŽƐ ĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐŽƐ͕ ŽŝƚĂƚĄ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĚĂǇ͘
ƐĞƌƉĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ĨŽŐŽ ƋƵĞ ƉƌŽƚĞŐĞ ĂƐ Ϯ͘ Ɛ ΗůŝŶŬ ǁŽƌĚƐΗ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂŵ ƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐ
ĨůŽƌĞƐƚĂƐ͘ Ă ŵĞƐŵĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ ĂŝƉŽƌĂ ƚĞŵƉŽƌĂŝƐŶŽƚĞǆƚŽ͕ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞĂƋƵĞůĂƐ
ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĞƐƚĄ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂ ă ƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽ ƋƵĞĐŽŶĞĐƚĂŵĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐĨĂƐĞƐĚĂǀŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚŽ ĞƋƵŝůşďƌŝŽ ĚĂ ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͘ ;ƐƐĂ ĨƌĂƐĞ dĂƐŚĂ͕ ƐĆŽ͗ ΗKŶĐĞ ƵƉŽŶ Ă ƚŝŵĞ͕Η ΗtŚĞŶ͕Η
ƉĂƌĞĐĞ ƐĞƌ ƵŵĂ ƌĞƉĞƚŝĕĆŽ ĚĂ ĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ͖ ΗĨƚĞƌ ƚŚĂƚ͕Η ΗĨƚĞƌ ƐŽŵĞ ǇĞĂƌƐ͕Η Ğ ΗKŶĞ
ƐĞƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƌĚĞƵŵĂĂůƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ͕ƉŽƌĨĂǀŽƌ͕ ĚĂǇ͘Η
ŵĞĂǀŝƐĞ͘Ϳ
ϯ͘ ƐΗůŝŶŬǁŽƌĚƐΗŶŽƚĞǆƚŽƋƵĞƐĆŽƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϲ
ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĂƌ Ă ďŽŶĚĂĚĞ ĚĂ ŵĆĞ ĚĞ
ƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ dĂƐŚĂĐŽŵĂŵĂůĚĂĚĞĚĞƐƵĂŵĂĚƌĂƐƚĂƐĆŽ͗
ΗĨƚĞƌ ƚŚĂƚΗ Ğ ΗƵƚ͘Η ƚƌĂŶƐŝĕĆŽ ΗĨƚĞƌ
>ĞŝĂ Ž ƚƌĞĐŚŽ Ă ƐĞŐƵŝƌ Ğ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ Ž ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƚŚĂƚΗ ŵĂƌĐĂ ƵŵĂ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂ ŶĂ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͕
ƉĞĚĞ͗
ŝŶĚŝĐĂŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ ĂůŐŽ ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƵ
KŶĐĞƵƉŽŶĂƚŝŵĞƚŚĞƌĞǁĂƐĂŐŝƌůŶĂŵĞĚ ĂƉſƐ Ă ŵĆĞ ĚĞ dĂƐŚĂ ůŚĞ ĚĂƌ Ă ďŽŶĞĐĂ
dĂƐŚĂ͘ tŚĞŶ dĂƐŚĂ ǁĂƐ ǀĞƌǇ ǇŽƵŶŐ͕ ŚĞƌ ŵĄŐŝĐĂ͘ ĐŽŶũƵŶĕĆŽ ΗƵƚΗ ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵǌ Ă
ŵŽƚŚĞƌŐĂǀĞŚĞƌĂůŝƚƚůĞŵĂŐŝĐĚŽůů͘ĨƚĞƌ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ŽƉŽƐƚĂ ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ŵĂĚƌĂƐƚĂ͕
ƚŚĂƚ͕ ŚĞƌ ŵŽƚŚĞƌ ĚŝĞ͘ ĨƚĞƌ ƐŽŵĞ ǇĞĂƌƐ͕ ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽƵŵĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞĞŶƚƌĞĂďŽŶĚĂĚĞĚĂ
Tasha’s father got married again with a ŵĆĞĞĂŵĂůĚĂĚĞĚĂŵĂĚƌĂƐƚĂ͘
ǀĞƌǇďĂĚǁŽŵĂŶ͘
ϰ͘
One day, Tasha’s stepmother asked her to
͘ /Ŷ ĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶ ƚŽ ŐĞŶƚůĞ͕ ŚĞ ŝƐ ŚĂŶĚƐŽŵĞ
go to Baba Yaga’s hut. ƵƚĂďĂzĂŐĂǁĂƐ
ĂŶĚƉŽůŝƚĞ͘
ĂǁŝƚĐŚĂŶĚƐŚĞƵƐĞĚƚŽĞĂƚĐŚŝůĚƌĞŶ͘
͘ ,Ğ ƐƚŽƉƉĞĚ ĞĂƚŝŶŐ ĨĂƚ ĨŽŽĚ͘ ,ŽǁĞǀĞƌ͕
ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚĞƐƚĂƌƚĞĚƚŽŐĞƚƚŚŝŶ͘
ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬƉůĂŶŽƐĚĞĂƵůĂ͘ŶŽǀĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͘ŽƌŐ͘ďƌͬĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚ
ĂůͬϳĂŶŽͬŝŶŐůĞƐͬĐŽŶƚŽͬϭϵϰϳĐĞƐƐŽĞŵϬϳĚĞŵĂƌ͘Ğ ͘ ůƚŚŽƵŐŚ/ĚŽŶΖƚŚĂǀĞĂůŽƚŽĨŵŽŶĞǇ͕/
ϮϬϮϮ͘
ǁĂŶƚƚŽďƵǇĂŵŽƚŽƌĐǇĐůĞ͘
ϭ͘ Ɛ ΗůŝŶŬ ǁŽƌĚƐΗ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂŵ Ă ŽƌĚĞŵ

ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂů ĚŽƐ ĞǀĞŶƚŽƐ ŶĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚĞ
>/E'h'E^^h^dEK>K'/^
283
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϳ
ŽŵƉĂƌĞĚƚŽ ŽŵƉĂƌĂĚŽĂ
ZĞǀŝƐĆŽŐĞƌĂů
:ƵƐƚĂƐ ƐƐŝŵĐŽŵŽ
'ĂďĂƌŝƚŽƷŶŝĐŽƉĂůĂǀƌĂĐƌƵǌĂĚĂƐĞĂŶĂŐƌĂŵĂ
,ŽǁĞǀĞƌ EŽĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ dŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞ WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ
EĞǀĞƌƚŚĞůĞƐƐ EŽĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ ŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚůǇ ŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ
KŶƚŚĞŽƚŚĞƌŚĂŶĚ WŽƌŽƵƚƌŽůĂĚŽ ƐĂƌĞƐƵůƚ ŽŵŽƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ
/ŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚ ŵĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƚĞ ĞĐĂƵƐĞ WŽƌƋƵĞ
ĞƐƉŝƚĞ ƉĞƐĂƌĚĞ ^ŝŶĐĞ ĞƐĚĞ
&ƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ &ŝƌƐƚŽĨĂůů WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ
DŽƌĞŽǀĞƌ ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ ^ĞĐŽŶĚůǇ ŵƐĞŐƵŶĚŽůƵŐĂƌ
ĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůůǇ ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ EĞǆƚ ŵƐĞŐƵŝĚĂ
ůƐŽ dĂŵďĠŵ dŚĞŶ ŶƚĆŽ
/ŶĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶ ůĠŵĚŝƐƐŽ ĨƚĞƌƚŚĂƚ ĞƉŽŝƐĚŝƐƐŽ
^ŝŵŝůĂƌůǇ ^ŝŵŝůĂƌŵĞŶƚĞ DĞĂŶǁŚŝůĞ ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽŝƐƐŽ
>ŝŬĞǁŝƐĞ ĂŵĞƐŵĂĨŽƌŵĂ ĞĨŽƌĞ ŶƚĞƐ
/ŶƚŚĞƐĂŵĞǁĂǇ ĂŵĞƐŵĂĨŽƌŵĂ ĨƚĞƌ ĞƉŽŝƐ
ƵƌŝŶŐ ƵƌĂŶƚĞ
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ϴ
tŚŝůĞ ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ͮƉƉĞĂƌĂŶĐĞͮƉĂƌġŶĐŝĂͮ
ͮKƌŝŐŝŶƐͮKƌŝŐĞŶƐͮ
&ŝŶĂůůǇͬ>ĂƐƚůǇ &ŝŶĂůŵĞŶƚĞ
ͮĂĐŬƐƚŽƌǇͮ,ŝƐƚſƌŝĂĚĞĨƵŶĚŽͮ
ͮ^ǇŵďŽůͮ^şŵďŽůŽͮ
EyK^ ͮZĞŐŝŽŶĂůǀĂƌŝĂƚŝŽŶƐͮsĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐͮ
sŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽ ͮDŽƌĂůƚĞĂĐŚŝŶŐƐͮŶƐŝŶŽƐŵŽƌĂŝƐͮ
ͮ/ŶŐůġƐͮWŽƌƚƵŐƵġƐͮ ͮZŝƚƵĂůƐͮZŝƚƵĂŝƐͮ
ͮ&ŽůŬůŽƌĞͮ&ŽůĐůŽƌĞͮ ͮdƌĂĚŝƚŝŽŶͮdƌĂĚŝĕĆŽͮ
ͮDǇƚŚŝĐĂůĐƌĞĂƚƵƌĞͮƌŝĂƚƵƌĂŵşƚŝĐĂͮ ͮDĂŐŝĐĂůͮDĄŐŝĐŽͮ
ͮ'ƵĂƌĚŝĂŶͮ'ƵĂƌĚŝĆŽͮ ͮ^ƵƉĞƌŶĂƚƵƌĂůͮ^ŽďƌĞŶĂƚƵƌĂůͮ
ͮDŝƐĐŚŝĞǀŽƵƐͮdƌĂǀĞƐƐŽͮ ͮ&ŽůŬŚĞƌŽͮ,ĞƌſŝĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐŽͮ
ͮŶĐŚĂŶƚŝŶŐͮŶĐĂŶƚĂĚŽƌͮ ͮ&ŽůŬŵƵƐŝĐͮDƷƐŝĐĂĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐĂͮ
ͮ^ĞĚƵĐƚŝǀĞͮ^ĞĚƵƚŽƌͮ ͮDǇƐƚĞƌŝŽƵƐͮDŝƐƚĞƌŝŽƐŽͮ
ͮWƌŽƚĞĐƚŽƌͮWƌŽƚĞƚŽƌͮ ͮ^ƵƉĞƌƐƚŝƚŝŽŶƐͮ^ƵƉĞƌƐƚŝĕƁĞƐͮ
ͮ&ƌŝŐŚƚĞŶŝŶŐͮƐƐƵƐƚĂĚŽƌͮ ͮZŝƚƵĂůŝƐƚŝĐĚĂŶĐĞͮĂŶĕĂƌŝƚƵĂůşƐƚŝĐĂͮ
ͮtĞƌĞǁŽůĨͮ>ŽďŝƐŽŵĞŵͮ ͮĞůĞďƌĂƚŝŽŶƐͮĞůĞďƌĂĕƁĞƐͮ
ͮ&ŝƌĞƐĞƌƉĞŶƚͮ^ĞƌƉĞŶƚĞĚĞĨŽŐŽͮ ͮƵƌƐĞĚͮŵĂůĚŝĕŽĂĚŽͮ
ͮ&ŽƌĞƐƚͮ&ůŽƌĞƐƚĂͮ ͮůĞƐƐĞĚͮďĞŶĕŽĂĚŽͮ
ͮtĂƚĞƌƐŽƵƌĐĞƐͮ&ŽŶƚĞƐĚĞĄŐƵĂͮ ͮ&ŽůŬĂƌƚͮƌƚĞĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐĂͮ
ͮ>ĞŐĞŶĚƐͮ>ĞŶĚĂƐͮ ͮtŝƐĚŽŵͮ^ĂďĞĚŽƌŝĂͮ
ͮWŽǁĞƌƐͮWŽĚĞƌĞƐͮ ͮĞůŝĞĨƐͮƌĞŶĕĂƐͮ
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285
ͮ/ŶĚŝŐĞŶŽƵƐͮ/ŶĚşŐĞŶĂͮ ͮ&ŽůŬĐŽƐƚƵŵĞͮdƌĂũĞĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐŽͮ
ͮƵůƚƵƌĂůŚĞƌŝƚĂŐĞͮWĂƚƌŝŵƀŶŝŽĐƵůƚƵƌĂůͮ
ͮƌĂǌŝůŝĂŶĨŽůŬůŽƌĞͮ&ŽůĐůŽƌĞďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽͮ
ͮ/ŶŐůġƐͮWŽƌƚƵŐƵġƐͮ
ͮEĂƚŝǀĞͮEĂƚŝǀŽͮ
ͮ,ĞĂĚͮĂďĞĕĂͮ
ͮŶĐĞƐƚŽƌͮŶĐĞƐƚƌĂůͮ
ͮ,ĂŝƌͮĂďĞůŽͮ
ͮDǇƚŚͮDŝƚŽͮ
ͮǇĞƐͮKůŚŽƐͮ
ͮ>ĞŐĞŶĚĂƌǇͮ>ĞŶĚĄƌŝŽͮ
ͮĂƌƐͮKƵǀŝĚŽƐͮ
ͮŶŝŐŵĂͮŶŝŐŵĂͮ
ͮEŽƐĞͮEĂƌŝǌͮ
ͮ^ƉŝƌŝƚͮƐƉşƌŝƚŽͮ
ͮDŽƵƚŚͮŽĐĂͮ
ͮŶĐŚĂŶƚĞĚͮŶĐĂŶƚĂĚŽͮ
ͮdĞĞƚŚͮĞŶƚĞƐͮ
ͮdƌĂĚŝƚŝŽŶďĞĂƌĞƌͮWŽƌƚĂĚŽƌĚĞƚƌĂĚŝĕĆŽͮ
ͮ>ŝƉƐͮ>ĄďŝŽƐͮ
ͮ&ŽůŬǁŝƐĚŽŵͮ^ĂďĞĚŽƌŝĂƉŽƉƵůĂƌͮ
ͮ&ĂĐĞͮZŽƐƚŽͮ
ͮZŝƚƵĂůŝƐƚŝĐŵĂƐŬͮDĄƐĐĂƌĂƌŝƚƵĂůşƐƚŝĐĂͮ
ͮEĞĐŬͮWĞƐĐŽĕŽͮ
ͮDĂŐŝĐĂůƌĞĂůŝƐŵͮZĞĂůŝƐŵŽŵĄŐŝĐŽͮ
ͮ^ŚŽƵůĚĞƌͮKŵďƌŽͮ
ͮŝǀŝŶĞͮŝǀŝŶŽͮ
ͮƌŵͮƌĂĕŽͮ
ͮ&ŽůŬŵĞĚŝĐŝŶĞͮDĞĚŝĐŝŶĂƉŽƉƵůĂƌͮ
ͮůďŽǁͮŽƚŽǀĞůŽͮ
ͮ&ĞƐƚŝǀĂůƐͮ&ĞƐƚŝǀĂŝƐͮ
ͮ&ŽƌĞĂƌŵͮŶƚĞďƌĂĕŽͮ
ͮƵůƚƵƌĂůŝĚĞŶƚŝƚǇͮ/ĚĞŶƚŝĚĂĚĞĐƵůƚƵƌĂůͮ
ͮ,ĂŶĚͮDĆŽͮ
ͮƵƐƚŽŵƐͮŽƐƚƵŵĞƐͮ
ͮtƌŝƐƚͮWƵůƐŽͮ
ͮ&ŽůŬĚĂŶĐĞͮĂŶĕĂĨŽůĐůſƌŝĐĂͮ
ͮ&ŝŶŐĞƌƐͮĞĚŽƐͮ
ͮ^ƚŽƌǇƚĞůůŝŶŐͮŽŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĞŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐͮ
ͮdŚƵŵďͮWŽůĞŐĂƌͮ
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ͮŚĞƐƚͮWĞŝƚŽͮ ͮŚŝŶͮYƵĞŝǆŽͮ
ͮĂĐŬͮŽƐƚĂƐͮ ͮ&ŽƌĞŚĞĂĚͮdĞƐƚĂͮ
ͮtĂŝƐƚͮŝŶƚƵƌĂͮ ͮtƌŝŶŬůĞƐͮZƵŐĂƐͮ
ͮ,ŝƉͮYƵĂĚƌŝůͮ ͮ&ƌĞĐŬůĞƐͮ^ĂƌĚĂƐͮ
ͮ>ĞŐͮWĞƌŶĂͮ ͮŝƌƚŚŵĂƌŬƐͮDĂŶĐŚĂƐĚĞŶĂƐĐĞŶĕĂͮ
ͮdŚŝŐŚͮŽǆĂͮ ͮ^ĐĂƌƐͮŝĐĂƚƌŝǌĞƐͮ
ͮ<ŶĞĞͮ:ŽĞůŚŽͮ ͮDŽůĞͮWŝŶƚĂͮ
ͮĂůĨͮWĂŶƚƵƌƌŝůŚĂͮ ͮŝŵƉůĞƐͮŽǀŝŶŚĂƐͮ
ͮŶŬůĞͮdŽƌŶŽǌĞůŽͮ ͮĞĂƌĚͮĂƌďĂͮ
ͮ&ŽŽƚͮWĠͮ ͮDƵƐƚĂĐŚĞͮŝŐŽĚĞͮ
ͮdŽĞƐͮĞĚŽƐĚŽƐƉĠƐͮ ͮĂůĚͮĂƌĞĐĂͮ
ͮ^ŬŝŶͮWĞůĞͮ ͮƵƌůǇͮĂĐŚĞĂĚŽͮ
ͮŽŵƉůĞǆŝŽŶͮdĞǌͮ ͮ^ƚƌĂŝŐŚƚͮ>ŝƐŽͮ
ͮ,ĞŝŐŚƚͮůƚƵƌĂͮ ͮtĂǀǇͮKŶĚƵůĂĚŽͮ
ͮtĞŝŐŚƚͮWĞƐŽͮ ͮůŽŶĚĞͮ>ŽŝƌŽͮ
ͮƵŝůĚͮƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĨşƐŝĐĂͮ ͮƌƵŶĞƚƚĞͮDŽƌĞŶŽ;ĂͿͮ
ͮWŽƐƚƵƌĞͮWŽƐƚƵƌĂͮ ͮZĞĚŚĞĂĚͮZƵŝǀŽ;ĂͿͮ
ͮ&ĂĐŝĂůĨĞĂƚƵƌĞƐͮĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĨĂĐŝĂŝƐͮ ͮĂƌŬͮƐĐƵƌŽͮ
ͮǇĞďƌŽǁƐͮ^ŽďƌĂŶĐĞůŚĂƐͮ ͮ>ŝŐŚƚͮůĂƌŽͮ
ͮǇĞůĂƐŚĞƐͮşůŝŽƐͮ
ͮŚĞĞŬďŽŶĞƐͮDĂĕĆƐĚŽƌŽƐƚŽͮ
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KDWKEEd hZZ/h>Z >1E'h ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝŽƐ ƐĆŽ͗ Ž ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ

WKZdh'h^ ;ďƌƵǆŽͿ͕ Ž ƉĂŝ Ğ Ă ŵĆĞ ĚĞ ůĂĚŝŶ͕ Ž ŐġŶŝŽ ĚĂ
ůąŵƉĂĚĂ͕ĂƉƌŝŶĐĞƐĂĞŽŵŝŶŝƐƚƌŽĚŽƐƵůƚĆŽ͘
ϭϮ͘ K ĐŽŶƚŽ͕ Ă ĐƌƀŶŝĐĂ Ğ Ž ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ ƐĆŽ
ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ŐġŶĞƌŽƐ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽƐ͘ YƵĂŝƐ
ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌŽĞŵ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϭ ƵŵĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͍
KƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌŽĞŵ ƵŵĂ
Ϭϭ͘ͿƚƌŝƐƚĞƉĞůĂŝŶĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽĚŽƌĞĐƌƵƚĂ͘ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ ƐĆŽ͗ K ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ Ž ĞŶƌĞĚŽ͕ ŽƐ
02. C) “Talvez você tenha um talento tardio.” ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͕ŽĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ŽĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ͕Ž
Ϭϯ͘ͿĚĂƌƵŵĂŝŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ͘ ĐůşŵĂǆ͕ Ă ƌĞƐŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ Ğ Ă ĐŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ
Ϭϰ͘ͿϭϬƉŽŶƚŽƐ͘ ĚŽƐĨĂƚŽƐ͘
05. D) “..., respeitadíssima no meio ϭϯ͘ Ϳ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƌ ĂƐ ĨĂůĂƐ ĚŽƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͕ ƉŽƌ
educacional...” ŵĞŝŽĚĞĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽĚŝƌĞƚŽ͘
Ϭϲ͘Ϳ>ƵŝǌĞƚƚĞǌĞƌĞĚŽŝƚƚĞŶĐŽƵƌƚ͘ ϭϰ͘ Ϳ ĐŽŶƚŽ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ůŝƚĞƌĄƌŝŽ ƋƵĞ
Ϭϳ͘ͿĐŽŶƚŽ͘ ƚĞŵƵŵĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂĐƵƌƚĂĞƚĞŵƐƵĂŽƌŝŐĞŵĚĂ
ϴ͘ͿƉƌĞƚĠƌŝƚŽƉĞƌĨĞŝƚŽ͘ ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶĂ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƚĂƌ Ğ ŽƵǀŝƌ
ϵ͘ KƋƵĞĚĄŝŶşĐŝŽăŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂŶĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͍ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂƐ͘
ŵŽƌƚĞ ĚŽ ƉĂŝ ĚĞ ůĂĚŝŶ Ğ Ă ĐŚĞŐĂĚĂ ĚŽ ϭϱ͘ YƵĂůĠĂƚĞƐĞƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂĚŽƉĞůŽĂƵƚŽƌŶĞƐƐĞ
ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ͘ ĂƌƚŝŐŽ͍
ϭϬ͘ K ŐġŶĞƌŽ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ƶŵ ĞŶƌĞĚŽ ƚĞƐĞĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĚĂŶĞƐƐĞĂƌƚŝŐŽĠƋƵĞĚĞǀĞŵŽƐ
ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ŝŶŝĐŝĂů͕ ƉŽƐƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƐĞƌĠƚŝĐŽƐĞƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽƐŽƐŶĂƐƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͘
ŽĐŽƌƌĞ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ ƋƵĞ Ġ Ă ŵŽĚŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ ϭϲ͘ YƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ
ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽŝŶŝĐŝĂů͘EĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͕ƋƵĂůĠŽĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ͍ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐƉĞůŽĂƵƚŽƌƉĂƌĂƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĂƌĂƐƵĂƚĞƐĞ͍
K ĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ ĞƐƚĄ ŶŽ ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽ Ğŵ KƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐĐŽůŽĐĂĚŽƐƐĆŽ͗
ƋƵĞ Ž ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌ ůĞǀĂ ůĂĚŝŶ Ğ ƉĞĚĞͲůŚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ůŐƵŵĂƐƐŝƚƵĂĕƁĞƐƉŽĚĞŵĂƚĠŐĞƌĂƌƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ
ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌĂůąŵƉĂĚĂŶĂĐĂǀĞƌŶĂ͘ por causa de uma leve brincadeira; “O seu
ϭϭ͘ YƵĂůĠŽ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ ƉƌŽƚĂŐŽŶŝƐƚĂ͕ŶĞƐƐĂ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ƚĞƌŵŝŶĂ ŽŶĚĞ ĐŽŵĞĕĂ Ž ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĚŽ
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ Ğ ƋƵĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ outro”; sempre somos responsáveis por nossas
ƐĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝŽƐ͍ ĂĕƁĞƐ ŽŶůŝŶĞ͖ ĚĞŵŝƐƐƁĞƐ ƉŽƌ ũƵƐƚĂ ĐĂƵƐĂ͖
ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĂƋƵĞŽ ƐĞƉĂƌĂĕƁĞƐĚĞĐĂƐĂŝƐ͖ďƌŝŐĂƐĞŶƚƌĞĂŵŝŐŽƐĞ ĞƚĐ
ƉƌŽƚĂŐŽŶŝƐƚĂ Ġ Ž ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů
“Aladim”, pois a história gira em torno dele. Os
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ϭϳ͘ Ϳ Ă ƐƵĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞ ƐĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌ ŶĆŽ ƉŽĚĞ ;ͿϱϯйƉĂƌĂϳϬй͘
ĨĞƌŝƌŽŽƵƚƌŽ͘ ;ͿϳϰйƉĂƌĂϴϭй͘
ϭϴ͘ͿĂĚŝĕĆŽ͘ Ϯϳ͘ Ğ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƚĞƌ
ϭϵ͘ͿĠƵŵŐġŶĞƌŽĚĂĞƐĨĞƌĂũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐĂƋƵĞƐĞ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂĚŽŽĂƵŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƵƐŽĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚŶŽ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝǌĂ ƉŽƌ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ Ƶŵ ƉŽŶƚŽ ĚĞ ǀŝƐƚĂ ƌĂƐŝů͍
ƐŽďƌĞƵŵƚĞŵĂĂƚƵĂůĞƉŽůġŵŝĐŽ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ ĂƉŽŶƚĞŵ ƋƵĞ Ă
20. C) “Já que a situação não é tão legal quando ƉĂŶĚĞŵŝĂ ĚĞ ŽǀŝĚͲϭϵ Ğ Ž ŝƐŽůĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƐŽĐŝĂů
Ž ƉƌĞũƵĚŝĐĂĚŽĠǀŽĐġ͕ĞŶƚĆŽĂŶƚĞƐĚĞĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƚĞƌ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂĚŽ Ğ ƉƌŽƉŝĐŝĂĚŽ Ž
ƉŽƌŝŵƉƵůƐŽ͕ƉĞŶƐĞƵŵƉŽƵĐŽ͕ǀĞũĂƐĞŶĆŽǀĂŝ ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƵƐŽĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘
ofender ninguém...” Ϯϴ͘ ŵďŽƌĂ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ĞƐƚĞũĂ Ğŵ
Ϯϭ͘ͿŝƐĞŶĕĆŽ͘ ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽŶŽƌĂƐŝů͕ĂƉŽŶƚĞ͕ĚĞĂĐŽƌĚŽĐŽŵ
ϮϮ͘ͿKƉƌŽŐƌĂŵĂƌŝĂŶĕĂĞEĂƚƵƌĞǌĂƐĞƵŶĞ͕ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ŽƐ ĞŵƉĞĐŝůŚŽƐ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂĚŽƐ ŶĞƐƐĂ
ĞŵƌĂƐşůŝĂ͕ĞŵĚĞĨĞƐĂĚŽŵĞŝŽĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͘ ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ͘
Ϯϯ͘ K ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚŽ ŶŽ ƚƌĞĐŚŽ ǆƉĞĐƚĂƚŝǀĂĚĞƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͗ĂĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞƐŽĐŝĂů
ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞĂƋƵĞŵŽƵĂƋƵġ͍ Ğ Ă ĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĂĐĞƐƐŽ͘ dĂůǀĞǌ ŽƐ
ƵŵĂĞŶŽƌŵĞďŽůŚĂĐŝŶǌĂ͘ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐƚĂŵďĠŵĐŝƚĞŵŽƉƌĞĕŽĚĂĐŽŶĞǆĆŽ͘
Ϯϰ͘ͿƋƵĂůŝĨŝĐĂƌĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĞŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂƌŽĞĨĞŝƚŽ Ϯϵ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƐ͗&ͲsͲ&ͲsͲs
ĚĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͘ ϯϬ͘ͿďůŽƋƵĞŽƵŽƐŝŶĂůĚĞŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚĚŽƐŵĂŝƐĚĞ
Ϯϱ͘ YƵĂů Ġ Ž ƚĞŵĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂ ĐŽŵŽ ŵŝůƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŶĞƐƐĞƚĞǆƚŽ͍ ϯϭ͘ K ŚŽŵĞŵ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂ ƐĞƌ ĐŽŶĚĞŶĂĚŽ Ă ƐĞŝƐ
KĂƵŵĞŶƚŽŶŽƵƐŽĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘ ŵĞƐĞƐĚĞƌĞĐůƵƐĆŽĞƉĂŐĂƌƵŵĂŵƵůƚĂάϯϬŵŝů
Ϯϲ͘ EŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ƐĆŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚĂƐ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ;ĞƋƵŝǀĂůĞŶƚĞĂZΨϭϳϬŵŝů͕ƉŽƌƋƵġ͍
ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƉŽƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ ;йͿ͘ ƐƐŽĐŝĞ Ă WŽƌƋƵĞĞůĞĐŽŵĞƚĞƵƵŵĐƌŝŵĞũĄƋƵĞŶĂ&ƌĂŶĕĂ
ƐĞŐƵŝƌ ĞƐƐĂƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ĂƐ ƉŽƌĐĞŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ďůŽƋƵĞĂĚŽƌĞƐ Ġ ŝůĞŐĂů͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŐĞƌĂŵ
apresentadas pela pesquisa “TIC Domicílios ŝŶƚĞƌĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂŶŽƐƐŝŶĂŝƐĚĞƚĞůĞĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͘
2020” ϯϮ͘ Ϳ ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŝĚĞŝĂͬŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ Ğ
Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽŶŽƵƐŽĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͘ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐŝĂƌŽŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͘
Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƵƐƵĄƌŝŽĚĂĄƌĞĂƌƵƌĂů͘ ϯϯ͘ Ϳ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ Ϯ ĂƉĞůĂ͕ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ
Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƵƐƵĄƌŝŽƐĚĂĄƌĞĂƵƌďĂŶĂ͘ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ ǀĞƌďĂů Ğ ŶĆŽ ǀĞƌďĂů͕ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ
Ϳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐ ŽƵ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĚŽŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ͘
ĞƐĐŽůĂƌĞƐ͘ ϯϰ͘ Ϳ ŶĂ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ ƐĞŵąŶƚŝĐĂ Ğ ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐĂ͕
;ͿϰϭйƉĂƌĂϰϱй͘ ǀŝƐƚŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ϭ ďƵƐĐĂ ƉĞƌƐƵĂĚŝƌ Ž ůĞŝƚŽƌ
;ͿϳϳйƉĂƌĂϴϯй͘
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ĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂŶĚŽ Ž ƌŝŐŽƌ ĚĂ ůĞŝ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ž //͕ ϱϰ͘ͿƚŝƌŝŶŚĂ͘

ĂƉĞůĂƉĂƌĂŽƐƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘ ϱϱ͘ͿĞŵƌŵĂŶĚŝŶŚŽƐĞŶƚŝƌƉĞŶĂĚŽƐĂƉŽ͕ƐĞƵ
ϯϱ͘ͿĚŝǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ĐŽŵƉĂŶŚĞŝƌŽĚĞůĞŝƚƵƌĂ͘
ϯϲ͘ͿŽƚĞǆƚŽϯ͕ƐĞĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĚŽĂŽƐƚĞǆƚŽƐϭĞϮ͕ ϱϲ͘ͿƌĠƉůŝĐĂĚĂƚŽƌƌĞ͘
ƉƌŽƉĂŐĂ ƵŵĂ ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚŝǀĞƌŐĞŶƚĞ ƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂŽ 57. C) “Vários animais viajaram pelo espaço
ŵĂůƚƌĂƚŽĚĞĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ͘ como astronautas”.
ϯϳ͘ͿƵŵĐŽŶƚŽ͘ ϱϴ͘ͿĂĚũĞƚŝǀŽĞƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽ͘
ϯϴ͘ͿƚĠŽKƐǀĂůĚŽƌŝĂďĂŝǆŝŶŚŽĐŽŵĞůĞƐ͘ ϱϵ͘ͿĐĂĐŚŽƌƌŽƐ͘
ϯϵ͘ͿƌĞƚƌĂşĚŽ͘ ϲϬ͘Ϳ/͕//͕///ƐĆŽĨĂƚŽƐĞŶĆŽŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐ͘
ϰϬ͘ Ϳ ŶĆŽ ďƌŝŐĂǀĂ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ĐŽůĞŐĂƐ ƉŽƌ ĐĂƵƐĂ
ĚĂƐďƌŝŶĐĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ͘ ĂƉşƚƵůŽϮ
ϰϭ͘ͿĚŝǀĞƌƚŝƌŽůĞŝƚŽƌ͘
ϰϮ͘Ϳ//Ğ///͘ ϭ͘ Ġ Ž ƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ ĚĂ ƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ ĚŽ
ϰϯ͘ͿŽƐĐŽůĞŐĂƐĚĞĐůĂƐƐĞƉĞŐĂƌĞŵŶŽƉĠĚĞ ĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͕ƵŵĂůĞŝƋƵĞƚƌĂƚĂĚŽƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐĚĂƐ
KƐǀĂůĚŽ͘ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐĞĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ϰϰ͘ͿĞůĞĨŽŝƉĞƌĚĞŶĚŽĂƚŝŵŝĚĞǌ͘ Ϯ͘ K ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚŽ ĞƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ Ġ ŐĂƌĂŶƚŝƌ ăƐ
ϰϱ͘ͿĐŽŶĐůƵƐĆŽ͘ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĚĞ
ϰϲ͘ͿĨŽŝĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşĚŽĞŵůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͘ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽŵŽƌĂů͕ĨşƐŝĐŽ͕ƐŽĐŝĂůĞŵĞŶƚĂů͕
ϰϳ͘ͿƐƵƌƉƌĞƐĂ͘ ĚĞŵŽĚŽƋƵĞƉŽƐƐĂŵĞƐƚĂƌƉƌĞƉĂƌĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂ
ϰϴ͘ͿƐĞŵƉƌĞĨĂůĂǀĂŵĐŽŵKƐǀĂůĚŽ͘ ǀŝĚĂĂĚƵůƚĂĞŵƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘
ϰϵ͘ͿĂĂůƵŶĂƉĞĐŚŝŶĐŚŽƵĐŽŵĂƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͘ ϯ͘ KƐĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽƐŶĞƐƚĂ>ĞŝĂƉůŝĐĂŵͲƐĞ
ϱϬ͘ Ϳ Ă ĂůƵŶĂ ƚĞŵ ƉƌŽǆŝŵŝĚĂĚĞ ĐŽŵ Ă Ă ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ Ğ ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ƐĞŵ
ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌĂ͕ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽƵƐĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĐŽůŽƋƵŝĂů͘ ĚŝƐĐƌŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŶĂƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ
ϱϭ͘ͿƐƵƌƉƌĞƐĂ͘ ĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌ͕ŝĚĂĚĞ͕ƐĞǆŽ͕ƌĂĕĂ͕ĞƚŶŝĂŽƵĐŽƌ͕ƌĞůŝŐŝĆŽ
ϱϮ͘ͿƵŵĂƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƋƵĞƌĞǀĞůĂĂŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ ŽƵ ĐƌĞŶĕĂ͕ ĚĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ͕ ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů ĚĞ
ĐĞƌĞďƌĂůƉĂƌĂƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌǀŽŐĂŝƐĞĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞƐ͘ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĂƉƌĞŶĚŝǌĂŐĞŵ͕ ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ
ϱϯ͘ ĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ͕ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ Ƶŵ ĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂ͕ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞƐŽĐŝĂů͕ƌĞŐŝĆŽĞůŽĐĂůĚĞ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĞůŽ ĂƵƚŽƌ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ Ă ƚĞƐĞ ŵŽƌĂĚŝĂ ŽƵ ŽƵƚƌĂ ĐŽŶĚŝĕĆŽ ƋƵĞ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĞ ĂƐ
ůĞǀĂŶƚĂĚĂ͘ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͕ĂƐĨĂŵşůŝĂƐŽƵĂĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞĞŵƋƵĞ
KƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĨŽŝƐƵƌƉƌĞĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ–ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽƵŵ ǀŝǀĞŵ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ
ĚŽƐĚŽĞŶƚĞƐƚƌŽĐĂǀĂƵŵĂǀŽŐĂůƉĞůĂŽƵƚƌĂ͕ŵĂƐ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞŵŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐĞǆƉůşĐŝƚĂƐŶŽƚĞǆƚŽ͘
ŶĆŽĐŽŶĨƵŶĚŝĂĂƐĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞƐ͕ŽŽƵƚƌŽĨĂůŚĂǀĂ ϰ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂŽ
ŶĂƐĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞƐ͕ĂĐĞƌƚĂŶĚŽĂƐǀŽŐĂŝƐ͘ ƋƵĞĞƐƚĄĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŽŶŽƌƚ͘ϭϭϮ͗ƐĂƵƚŽƌŝĚĂĚĞƐ
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ĐŽŵƉĞƚĞŶƚĞƐ ĂƉůŝĐĂƌĆŽ ĂƐ ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞƐ ƚĞŵƉŽ Ğ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ ƐĞŵ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌ Ž ƐĞƵ ŶŽŵĞ͘
ƉĞŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ĂĚǀĞƌƚġŶĐŝĂ͖ ŽďƌŝŐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ǆĞŵƉůŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽŶŽŵĞƐ ŝŶĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽƐ͗ ƚŽĚŽ;ƐͿ͕
ƌĞƉĂƌĂƌ Ž ĚĂŶŽ͖ ƉƌĞƐƚĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐ ă ƚŽĚĂ;ƐͿ͕ƚƵĚŽ͕ŶĞŶŚƵŵ͕ŶĞŶŚƵŵĂĞƚĐ͘
ĐŽŵƵŶŝĚĂĚĞ͖ůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞĂƐƐŝƐƚŝĚĂ͖ŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽĞŵ ϭϬ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂůĚŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ͘
ƌĞŐŝŵĞ ĚĞ ƐĞŵŝůŝďĞƌĚĂĚĞ͖ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ϭϭ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂůĚŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ͘
ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĞĚƵĐĂĐŝŽŶĂů͖ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ƵŵĂ ϭϮ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂůĚŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ͘
ĚĂƐƉƌĞǀŝƐƚĂƐŶŽĂƌƚ͘ϭϬϭ͕/Ăs/͘ ϭϯ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂůĚŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ͘
ϱ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂůĚŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ͘ ϭϰ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂůĚŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ͘
ϲ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿƐŶŽƌŵĂƐĞůĞŝƐĚŝƐƉŽƐƚĂƐŶŽ ϭϱ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ^ƵŐĞƐƚĆŽ ĚĞ
ŶĆŽƉƌĞĐŝƐĂŵƐĞƌƐĞŐƵŝĚĂƐ͕ƉŽŝƐĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂŵ ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ͗ůŐƵŵĂƐŵĞĚŝĚĂƐĂƐĞƌĞŵƚŽŵĂĚĂƐ
ĂƉĞŶĂƐƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐĞŶĆŽŽďƌŝŐĂƚŽƌŝĞĚĂĚĞƐ͘ ƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌ͗
ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĂƋƵĞĂƐ WƌŽƚĞĕĆŽĞĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽƉŽƌƉĂƌƚĞĚĂĨĂŵşůŝĂĞĚĂ
ůĞŝƐĞŶŽƌŵĂƐĚŽƐĆŽƵŵĂŽďƌŝŐĂƚŽƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘ ĞƐĐŽůĂ͖ŝŶǀĞƐƚŝŵĞŶƚŽĞŵĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽĞůĂǌĞƌƉŽƌ
ϳ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿĨŽƌŵĂů͕ĐůĂƌĂĞŽďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽ ƐƚĂĚŽ͖ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ƉƷďůŝĐĂƐ
ĐŽŵ ǀŽĐĂďƵůĄƌŝŽ ƚĠĐŶŝĐŽ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĚĞŝŶĐĞŶƚŝǀŽăĐŽŶƚƌĂĕĆŽĚĞƐƐĞƐĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞƐ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĂ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ůĞŝƐ Ğ ŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƉƌĞŶĚŝǌĞƐ ŽƵ ĞƐƚĂŐŝĄƌŝŽƐ͕ Ğŵ ƉĞƌşŽĚŽƐ
ĞƐƚĂƚƵƚŽƐ ƐĞ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĂŽ ĚĞ ĞƐƚƵĚŽƐ͕ ƉŽƌ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ Ğ
ĨŽƌŵĂů͕ĐůĂƌĂĞŽďũĞƚŝǀĂ͕ƉĂƌĂŶĆŽĚĞŝǆĂƌĚƷǀŝĚĂ ƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ͕ƉƌĞĨĞŝƚƵƌĂƐ͕ďĂŶĐŽƐĞĂƚĠ
ĞŶĞŵŐĞƌĂƌĂŵďŝŐƵŝĚĂĚĞƐ͘ ƉĞůŽƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƉƷďůŝĐŽ͘
ϴ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ Ğ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕƁĞƐ ϭϲ͘ ĂͿ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ƋƵĞ ĞǀŝƚĞŵ ĂŵďŝŐƵŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ͗ EĆŽ͘ ƐƚĆŽ ƐĞŶĚŽ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĞŶƚĞŶĚĂƋƵĞŽĞŵƉƌĞŐŽĚĞƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ ĚĞƐƌĞƐƉĞŝƚĂĚŽƐ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐ ă ǀŝĚĂ Ğ ă ƐĂƷĚĞ͕ Ă
ĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕƁĞƐƋƵĞĞǀŝƚĞŵĂŵďŝŐƵŝĚĂĚĞĠƵŵĂ ƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽ͘EĆŽŚĄĐŽŵŽĂĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƚĞƌƵŵĂďŽĂ
ĚĂƐ ƉƌŝŵŽƌĚŝĂŝƐ ƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂĕƁĞƐ ĚĞƐƐĞ ŐġŶĞƌŽ ƐĂƷĚĞ͕ ǀŝǀĞŶĚŽ Ğ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂŶĚŽ ŶĂƐ ƌƵĂƐ͕ ƐĞŵ
ƚĞǆƚƵĂůƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞ͕ƉĂƌĂĐƵŵƉƌŝƌƐƵĂĨƵŶĕĆŽ ƵŵĂ ďŽĂ ĂůŝŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ Ğ ƐĞŵ ŶĞŶŚƵŵĂ
ƐŽĐŝĂů ĚĞ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞƌ ůĞŝƐ͕ Ġ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ ĚĞŝǆĂƌ ŽƐ ƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽ͘
ĂƚŽƐďĞŵĐůĂƌŽƐ͕ƐĞŵŶĞŶŚƵŵĂĚƷǀŝĚĂ͕ĂƐƐŝŵ ďͿ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ DĂƐ ĞƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĐŽŵŽ ƚŽĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ůĞŐĂů͘ ĞǀĞŵͲƐĞ ĞǀŝƚĂƌ͕ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĂ ĂůŐŽ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚŽ Ă͗ ^ŝŵ͘
ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ŐĞƌĞŵ ŝƌĞŝƚŽĂŽƐĞƐƚƵĚŽƐ͕ăĂůŝŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ͕ĂŽĞƐƉŽƌƚĞ͕
ĂŵďŝŐƵŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ĂŽ ůĂǌĞƌ͕ ă ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ ă ĞĚƵĐĂĕĆŽ͕ ă
ϵ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿƉƌŽŶŽŵĞ͕ƉŽŝƐƐƵďƐƚŝƚƵŝŽ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂ͕ ă ĚŝŐŶŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ĂŽ ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ Ğ ă
ƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝǀŽ ;ŶŽŵĞͿ͘ dĞŵ Ă ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĐŽŶǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂĨĂŵŝůŝĂƌĞĐŽŵƵŶŝƚĄƌŝĂ͘
ŝŶĚŝĐĂƌ Ă ƉĞƐƐŽĂ ĚŽ ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽ ŽƵ ƐŝƚƵĂƌ ŶŽ
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ϭϳ͘ ŵďŽƐ ĨĂůĂŵ ĚĞ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ĨşƐŝĐĂ ĐŽŶƚƌĂ Ă ŐŽƐƚŽƐĞŵĐŽŵƵŵĞƐĞŵĂƐĞǆŝŐġŶĐŝĂƐĚĞƵŵ

ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂĞŽĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ͕ŽƋƵĞĠǀŝŽůĂĕĆŽĂŽƐ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ ǀŝĚĂƌĞĂů͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽƐĚĞƐƐĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĞ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕
ϭϴ͘ ŵ ĐĂƐŽƐ ĚĞ ǀŝŽůġŶĐŝĂ ă ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ Ğ ĂŽ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĞǆƉůşĐŝƚĂƐ Ğ ƋƵĞ
ĂĚŽůĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ĚĞǀĞͲƐĞ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂƌ Ž ŽŶƐĞůŚŽ ŽďƚĞŶŚĂŵ ŵĂŝƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĂĐĞƌĐĂ ĚŽ
dƵƚĞůĂƌĚĂƌĞƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂůŽĐĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽĂďŽƌĚĂĚŽ͘
ϵ͘ &ĂďşŽůĂ Ěŝǌ ƋƵĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ƐŝŶĂů Ġ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϯ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůĂƌ Ă ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĂĐĞƐƐĂƌ ĂƐ
ƌĞĚĞƐƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ͕ĚĞƉŽŝƐƐƵƌŐĞĂĂůƚĞƌĂĕĆŽďƌƵƐĐĂ
ϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ Ă ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ĚŽ ĚĞ ŚƵŵŽƌ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ŶĆŽ ĐŽŶƐĞŐƵĞ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ
ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽ ĂŽ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚŽƌ͕ ŶŽ ƷůƚŝŵŽ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĞ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ž
ƋƵĂĚƌŝŶŚŽ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĞǆƉůşĐŝƚĂƐ Ğ
ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞŽŚƵŵŽƌĚŽƚĞǆƚŽ ŽďƚĞŶŚĂŵ ŵĂŝƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĂĐĞƌĐĂ ĚŽ
Ϯ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽĂďŽƌĚĂĚŽ͘
ϯ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ϭϬ͘ &ĂďşŽůĂ ĂĨŝƌŵĂ ƋƵĞ ƉĂƌĂ ĂũƵĚĂƌ ĂƐ
ϰ͘ O tema discutido nesse texto é “Vícios ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐƋƵĞĞƐƚĆŽǀŝĐŝĂĚĂƐĠŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽĞǀŝƚĂƌ
Ğŵ ƌĞĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ Ğ ĐŽŵŽ ůŝĚĂƌ ĐŽŵ Ž ĐƌşƚŝĐĂ Ğ ƚĞŶƚĂƌ ĂƉŽŶƚĂƌ ŽƐ ƉƌĞũƵşǌŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĞůĂƐ
problema”. EsperaͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƚġŵ Ğŵ ƐĞ ŵĂŶƚĞƌĞŵ ƚĂŶƚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ ůŽŶŐĞ ĚĂ
ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞŽƚĞŵĂĚŽƚĞǆƚŽ͘ ǀŝĚĂƌĞĂů͘YƵĂŶƚŽĂŽƐƉĂŝƐ͕ĞůĂĂĨŝƌŵĂƋƵĞĞƐƚĞƐ
ϱ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ĚĞǀĞŵƚĞƌĂƵƚŽŶŽŵŝĂƉĂƌĂůŝŵŝƚĂƌŽƚĞŵƉŽĚĞ
ϲ͘ K ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ Ġ ƉĂƐƐĂƌ Ƶŵ ƵƐŽ ĚĂƐ ƌĞĚĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ Ğ ĚŽ ĐĞůƵůĂƌ Ğ ƚƌĂǌĞƌ ŽƐ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĨŝůŚŽƐƉĂƌĂƵŵƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽƌĞĂů͘ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽ
ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞŽŽďũĞƚŝǀŽĚŽŐġŶĞƌŽƚĞǆƚƵĂů͘ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĞ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕
ϳ͘ ĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚĂ ĨŽŝ &ĂďşŽůĂ >ƵĐŝĂŶŽ͕ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ĞǆƉůşĐŝƚĂƐ Ğ ŽďƚĞŶŚĂ
ƉƐŝĐſůŽŐĂĞŵĞŵďƌŽĚĂ^ŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂĚĞ ŵĂŝƐ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĂĐĞƌĐĂ ĚŽ ĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ
ŽĂĐŚŝŶŐ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͕ ŵĂƐ ĞƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ĂďŽƌĚĂĚŽ͘
ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĂ ƋƵĞ Ġ ŵƵŝƚŽ ϭϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ Ž ǀşĐŝŽ ƉŽĚĞ ĐĂƵƐĂƌ
ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƋƵĞĂƉĞƐƐŽĂĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂĚĂĚŽŵŝŶĞ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ ƐĠƌŝĂƐ Ğ ĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ƋƵĞ
ďĞŵŽĂƐƐƵŶƚŽ͘ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵĞƐƐĞƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƉŽĚĞŵƉĞƌĚĞƌŽ
ϴ͘ &ĂďşŽůĂƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞƋƵĞƵŵĂĚĂƐĐĂƵƐĂƐĠ ϭϮ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿdĞǆƚŽƐĞŵĂƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚĂ
Ă ĚŝĨŝĐƵůĚĂĚĞ ƋƵĞ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ƚġŵ ĚĞ ŽƌĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ ŝŶƚĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĨŽƌŵĂů͘
ĨĂǌĞƌ ĂŵŝŐŽƐ ƌĞĂŝƐ Ğ ĞƐĐůĂƌĞĐĞ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ƌĞĚĞƐ WƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ ĚĞ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ͕ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͕ ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕
ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐ ĐŽůĂďŽƌĂŵ Ğŵ ĞŶĐŽŶƚƌĂƌƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ ĐŽŵ
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ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĕĂ ϰ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ
ĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĚŽŐġŶĞƌŽĞŶƚƌĞǀŝƐƚĂ͘ Ěġ Ă ƐƵĂ ŽƉŝŶŝĆŽ ƐŽďƌĞ ƋƵĂů ƚĞƌŝĂ ƐŝĚŽ Ž
ϭϯ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ ĞǆĐůƵƐĆŽ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂ ƋƵĞ ĐĂƵƐŽƵ Ă ĞǆƉƵůƐĆŽ ĚĞ :ĞŶŶĂ
Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĂƋƵĞŝĚĞŝĂƐĞƌĞŵĞƚĞ ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͘ KďũĞƚŝǀĂͲƐĞ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ͕ ĚĞƐƉĞƌƚĂƌ Ž
Ă ƉĂůĂǀƌĂ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂ͕ ƉŽƌ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌ Ă ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞ ĚŽ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƉĞůĂ ůĞŝƚƵƌĂ ĚŽ ůŝǀƌŽ
ĐŽĞƐĆŽƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂů͘ “Soul Love”, de Lynda Warterhouse, completŽ͘
ϭϰ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ Ğ ĂĚŝĕĆŽ͘ ϱ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘
ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ Ă ƋƵĞ ϲ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ ŝŶĚŝŐŶĂĕĆŽ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ
ŝĚĞŝĂƐĞƌĞŵĞƚĞŵĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂƐ͕ƉŽƌ ƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞŽĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĞƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ
ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĂĐŽĞƐĆŽƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂů͘ ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞĚŽƵƐŽĚĂƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽ͘
ϭϱ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ ŵĂŝƐ ũŽǀĞŶƐ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ϳ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿ ƚĞŵƉŽ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĂƋƵĞƐĞƚƌĂƚĂĚĞ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ Ž ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ
coesão referencial. No caso, o pronome “los” ĚĞĐŽƌƌĞŶƚĞĚŽƵƐŽĚĂƉĂůĂǀƌĂĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚĂ͘
ƌĞĨĞƌĞͲƐĞĂŽƐŵĂŝƐũŽǀĞŶƐ͘ ϴ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂů͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĂǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĂůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϰ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂŶŽƚĞǆƚŽ͘
ϵ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂƌĂŝĚĞŝĂĚĞƚĞŵƉŽ͘
ϭ͘ ůŐƵŵĂƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ĐŝƚĂĚĂƐ ŶĞƐƐĞ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ Ž
ƚƌĞĐŚŽĚŽƌŽŵĂŶĐĞƐĆŽ͗:ĞŶŶĂ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͕ĂŵĆĞ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽĚŽƌĞĐƵƌƐŽĚĞůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ͘
ĚĞ :ĞŶŶĂ͕ ƚŝĂ ^ĂƌĂŚ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ϭϬ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ ϭǐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ – ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ
ƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞĂƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐĚĂ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͕ĂƋƵĞůĞƋƵĞƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͘
ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ƵŵĚŽƐĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĂŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂ͘ ϭϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ K ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ Ġ Ƶŵ ŐġŶĞƌŽ
Ϯ͘ ƉƌŽƚĂŐŽŶŝƐƚĂ ĚĞƐƐĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ Ġ :ĞŶŶĂ ƚĞǆƚƵĂů ũŽƌŶĂůşƐƚŝĐŽ͕ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşĚŽ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂ
,ƵĚƐŽŶ͘ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ ĚĞĨĞƐĂĚĞƵŵƉŽŶƚŽĚĞǀŝƐƚĂĞĚĞĂƌŐƵŵĞŶƚŽƐ
Ă ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ Ă ƌĞůĂƚŝǀŽƐ ă ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĚĂ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ƉƌŽƚĂŐŽŶŝƐƚĂ͘ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĕĂ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚŽ
ϯ͘ K ĨŽĐŽ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀŽ ĚĞƐƐĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ Ġ Ğŵ ƌŽŵĂŶĐĞ͘
ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂ Ͳ ŶĂƌƌĂĚŽƌ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŵ͘ ϭϮ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿŽƉŽƐŝĕĆŽĚĂƐŝĚĞŝĂƐ͘ƐƉĞƌĂͲ
&ƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŵƉƌŽǀĂ͗ ƐƚŽƵ ƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĕĂƌĞůĂĕƁĞƐůſŐŝĐŽͲ
ƐĞŶƚĂĚĂŶĂũĂŶĞůĂŵĞƵƋƵĂƌƚŽ͕ĂĚŵŝƌĂŶĚŽĞƐƐĞ ĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŝǀĂƐ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ ŶŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ŵĂƌĐĂĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ
ĞƐƉĞƚĄĐƵůŽ ĚĞƐůƵŵďƌĂŶƚĞ Ğ ƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽ ŶĂƐ ĐŽŶũƵŶĕƁĞƐ͕ĂĚǀĠƌďŝŽƐĞƚĐ͘
ĐŽŝƐĂƐƋƵĞŵĞĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞƌĂŵŶĂƋƵĞůĞǀĞƌĆŽ͘
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293
ϭϯ͘ >ĞŵďƌĂŶĚŽ͗ Ă ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ ďĄƐŝĐĂ ƉĂƌĂ ϭ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĂ͕ĂŽ

ƋƵĞƵŵĂĨƌĂƐĞƐĞũĂƵŵĂŽƌĂĕĆŽĠĂƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚĞ ůĞƌ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƚĞǆƚŽƐ ƚĞĂƚƌĂŝƐ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ Ă
ƵŵǀĞƌďŽ͘ ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ͗ĂĂĕĆŽ͕ƋƵĞĠƋƵĂŶĚŽƐĞ
dŝƌŝŶŚĂϭ ĚĞƐĞŶƌŽůĂŵ ŽƐ ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ Ă ĞǆƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ
KƋƵĞĞůĞƐƉĞŶƐĂŵƋƵĞŶſƐƐŽŵŽƐ͍ ĚĂƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͕ŽĐŽŶĨůŝƚŽ͕ŽĐůşŵĂǆ͕ŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕
K ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ ĂĐŝŵĂ ĐŽŶƚĠŵ ĚƵĂƐ ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ Ž ĞƐƉĂĕŽ͕ĞƉŽƌĨŝŵ͕ŽĚĞƐĞŶůĂĐĞŽƵŽĚĞƐĨĞĐŚŽ
ƉŽƌƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵŝĚŽŝƐǀĞƌďŽƐ;ƉĞŶƐĂŵĞƐŽŵŽƐͿ͗ ĚĂĂĕĆŽĚƌĂŵĄƚŝĐĂ͘
ϭǐŽƌĂĕĆŽͲKƋƵĞĞůĞƐƉĞŶƐĂŵ͘ Ϯ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƉĞƌĐĞďĂ ƋƵĞ͕
ϮǐŽƌĂĕĆŽͲƋƵĞŶſƐƐŽŵŽƐ͘ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ŶĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĂƐ͕ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ
KƐ ŵĂůĚŝƚŽƐ ƐĂďĞŵ ƋƵĞ ŶſƐ ĂŝŶĚĂ ŶĆŽ ĚƌĂŵĄƚŝĐŽƐĞĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĞĚŝĄůŽŐŽƐ͕ŽƵ
ƐĂďĞŵŽƐ͘ ƐĞũĂ͕ ĚĂƐ ĨĂůĂƐ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ĚŝƐƉŽƐƚĂƐ
K ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ ĂĐŝŵĂ ĐŽŶƚĠŵ ĚƵĂƐ ŽƌĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐŝĂů Ğ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ
ƉŽƌƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵŝĚŽŝƐǀĞƌďŽƐ;ƐĂďĞŵĞƐĂďĞŵŽƐͿ͗ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕƁĞƐĐġŶŝĐĂƐ͘
ϭǐŽƌĂĕĆŽͲKƐŵĂůĚŝƚŽƐƐĂďĞŵ͘ ϯ͘ ^ĆŽƚƌġƐĂƐƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ͗DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ͕&ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ
ϮǐŽƌĂĕĆŽͲƋƵĞŶſƐĂŝŶĚĂŶĆŽƐĂďĞŵŽƐ͘ ĞĂƉŝƚĆŽ͘
ϰ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ 'ġŶĞƌŽ ƚĞǆƚƵĂů ĚƌĂŵĄƚŝĐŽ͘
ϭϰ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ Ž
ĂͿ K ŐġŶĞƌŽƚĞǆƚƵĂůĚŽƚĞǆƚŽĞƐƚƵĚĂĚŽ͘
ďͿ & ϱ͘ ĂͿ KƐ ĚŽŝƐ ƉĂƌĞĐĞŵ ƐĞƌ ŶĂŵŽƌĂĚŽƐ ŽƵ
ĐͿ & ƉĂƌĞĐĞŵ ƚƌŽĐĂƌ ĐŽŶĨŝĚġŶĐŝĂƐ ƐŽďƌĞ ƐĞƵƐ
ĚͿ W ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘
ďͿ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ ƌĞǀĞůĂͲƐĞ ĚĞĐĞƉĐŝŽŶĂĚĂ͕ Ğ
ϭϱ͘ &ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂ ƐĞƵ ĚĞƐĞũŽ ĚĞ ƐĞƌ
ƉĞƌĚŽĂĚŽ͘
ϭϲ͘ ĐͿ EĆŽ͘WĂƌĞĐĞŶĆŽƐĞŶƚŝƌĂĚŽƌƋƵĞŵĞŶĐŝŽŶĂ͕
ďͿ ϭǑŽƌĂĕĆŽсĐĂŝƵ ƉŽŝƐ͕ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ&ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽƐĞĂũŽĞůŚĂ͕ĞůĂƌŝ͘
ϮǐŽƌĂĕĆŽсŵĂĐŚƵĐŽƵͲƐĞŽƵƚƌĂǀĞǌ͘ ϲ͘ĂͿDĂƌŝĐŽƚĂƐĂŝĚĂƐĂůĂĞĚĞŝǆĂ&ĂƵƐƚŝŶŽƐſ͕
ĐͿ ϭǑŽƌĂĕĆŽсůĂĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĂĚŽĞŶƚĞ ƌĞĐŽŵĞŶĚĂŶĚŽͲůŚĞƋƵĞǀĄĞŵďŽƌĂ͘
ϮǐŽƌĂĕĆŽсŶĆŽĂĐĞŝƚĂŝƌĂŽŚŽƐƉŝƚĂů ďͿ EĆŽ͕ƉŽŝƐŶĆŽĠĐŽŵƵŵŽĂŶĨŝƚƌŝĆŽƌĞƚŝƌĂƌͲ
ƐĞ͕ ĂďĂŶĚŽŶĂŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ǀŝƐŝƚĂ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĐŚĞŐĂ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϱ ĂůŐƵĠŵ͘
ĐͿ WŽĚĞͲƐĞ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂƌ ƋƵĞ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ ŶĆŽ ƐĂďĞ
ĐŽŵŽ ƐĂŝƌ ĚĂ ƐŝƚƵĂĕĆŽ ĞŵďĂƌĂĕŽƐĂ ĚĞ ƚĞƌ
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294
ĚŝĂŶƚĞ ĚĞ Ɛŝ͕ ĂŽ ŵĞƐŵŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͕ ĚŽŝƐ ĚĞŶƷŶĐŝĂ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ
ƉƌĞƚĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐĐƵũŽƐƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĞůĂĞŶĐŽƌĂũĂ͘ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞŵ Ž ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ƉĞƌƐƵĂƐĆŽ
ϳ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Ϳ WŽƌƋƵĞ Ž ĂƉŝƚĆŽ ĞƐƚĄ ŶĂ ƋƵĞ Ġ Ă ŵĞƚĄĨŽƌĂ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ġ ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂĚŽ ŶŽ
ƉŽƌƚĂĞĞůĞŶĆŽƚĞŵĐŽŵŽƐĂŝƌƐĞŵƐĞƌǀŝƐƚŽ͘ ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ ĚĂ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͘ K ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ Ġ ƋƵĞ
ϴ͘ ĂͿ ůĞƐ ƉĂƌĞĐĞŵ ŵĂŶƚĞƌ Ƶŵ ŶĂŵŽƌŽ͘ ůĞ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĞŵ Ž ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ŵŽŶƐƚƌŽ ă
ƐĞŐƵƌĂĂŵĆŽĚĞůĂ͕ƌĞĐůĂŵĂĚĂŝŶĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂĐŽŵ mensagem “para algumas crianças o pesadelo
ƋƵĞ Ġ ƌĞĐĞďŝĚŽ Ğ ĨĂůĂ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĐĂƌƚĂ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ĐŚĞŐĂĂŶƚĞƐĚŽsono”, o autor da campanha de
ƐƵŐĞƌĞƋƵĞĞůĂĨƵũĂĚĞƐƵĂĐĂƐĂƉĂƌĂĂĚĞůĞ͘ ĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚŝǌĂĕĆŽ ƵƐĂ Ă ŝĚĞŝĂ ĚĞ ƉĞƐĂĚĞůŽ͕ ĂůŐŽ
ďͿ WĂƌĂũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƌŽĨĂƚŽĚĞĞƐƚĂƌŽůŚĂŶĚŽƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ Ġ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ ƌƵŝŵ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĨĂǌĞƌ ƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ ĂŽ
ŽƐůĂĚŽƐĞŶĆŽĚĂƌƚŽƚĂůĂƚĞŶĕĆŽĂĞůĞ͘ ƉĞƌŝŐŽĚĞƵŵĂďƵƐŽ͘
ϵ͘ ƐŝŵƵůĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ DĂƌŝĐŽƚĂ Ġ ƉĞƌĐĞďŝĚĂ Ϯ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽƐĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ
quando, à parte, ela diz: “Estou arrependida de ƉĞƌĐĞďĂŵƋƵĞĂĨŝŐƵƌĂĚĞůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ
ter dado a corda a este tolo.” ŶĂ ĐĂŵƉĂŶŚĂ Ġ Ă ŝƌŽŶŝĂ͕ ƚĞŶĚŽ Ğŵ ǀŝƐƚĂ Ž
ϭϬ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĂ ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽĨĂǌĞƌƵŵĐŽŵĞŶƚĄƌŝŽĐƀŵŝĐŽĐŽŵĂ
ƋƵĞ Ž ƚĞǆƚŽ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů ƚĞŵ ƉŽƌ ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ Ă ŽƌŶĂŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵǀĞůſƌŝŽĚĞƋƵĞŵŵŽƌƌĞƌ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ƚĞĂƚƌĂů͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂƌ ĚĞĂĐŝĚĞŶƚĞĚĞƚƌąŶƐŝƚŽ͘
ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĚŽƐ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƐ͕ ƉƌŽǀŽĐĂƌ ϯ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽƐĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞŵŽ
ƐĞŶƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĞƌĞĨůĞǆƁĞƐŶĂƉůĂƚĞŝĂ͕ĞŵŽĐŝŽŶĂƌ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽĚĞĞƐƚĂĕĆŽƐŽďƌĞŽƐĞƐƚŝůŽƐŵƵƐŝĐĂŝƐĚŽ
ĞͬŽƵĞŶƚƌĞƚĞƌŽůĞŝƚŽƌͬƉƷďůŝĐŽ͘ ĂƉůŝĐĂƚŝǀŽ Ğ Ž ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ ĚĞ ĞƐƚĂĕĆŽ
ϭϭ͘ ŽŵŽ ĞƐƐĞ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƚĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚŽĂŽƚĞŵƉŽĚĞƵŵƉĞƌşŽĚŽĐůŝŵĄƚŝĐŽ͘
ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ Ă ĞŶĐĞŶĂĕĆŽ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ Ă ϰ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƉĞƌĐĞďĂƋƵĞŽƐ
ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞ Ğŵ ĚĂƌ ǀŝĚĂ ĂŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĞƐƚŝůşƐƚŝĐŽƐ Ğ ƐĞŵŝſƚŝĐŽƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ
ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ Ğ ŵŽƐƚƌĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ ĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ ĨŽƌĂŵĂƐĐŽƌĞƐĨŽƌƚĞƐĞĐŚĂŵĂƚŝǀĂƐ͕ůĞƚƌĂƐĞŵ
ƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ƉƷďůŝĐŽ͕ Ġ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů ƋƵĞ ǀĂƌŝĂĚĂƐ ĚŝŵĞŶƐƁĞƐ Ğ ĨŽƌŵĂƚŽƐ͕ŽƐ ǀĞƌďŽƐŶŽ
ƐƵĂƐĨĂůĂƐĂƉĂƌĞĐĞŵĞŵĚŝƐĐƵƌƐŽĚŝƌĞƚŽ͘ ŵŽĚŽ ŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽ͗ ĂƉƌŽǀĞŝƚĞ͕ ďĂŝǆĞ͘ dŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ
ϭϮ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĂůŐƵŶƐƚĞƌŵŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĨŽƌĂŵ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ŝŶƚĞŶĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ
ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐĞƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐ͘ ĐŚĂŵĂƌĂĂƚĞŶĕĆŽĞŽŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞĚŽŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌ
ƉĞůŽƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ͘
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϲ ϱ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ EĆŽ ƐƵďĞƐƚŝŵĞ Ž ĐůŝĞŶƚĞ͘
sĞŶĚĂŝƚĞŶƐĚĞďŽĂƉƌŽĐĞĚġŶĐŝĂ͘ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞ
ϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ Đ͘ K ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ Ġ ĚĂƌ Ă ĚĞǀŝĚĂ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝƋƵĞ Ă ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ
ĚŝŵĞŶƐĆŽ ĚŽ ƋƵĞ Ġ ĂďƵƐŽ ƐĞǆƵĂů ƉĂƌĂ ƵŵĂ ƋƵĂŶƚŽĂŽƵƐŽĚŽǀĞƌďŽŶŽŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽ͘
ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ͕ ĞŶĨĂƚŝǌĂŶĚŽ Ă ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂ ĚĂ
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295
ϲ͘ ŶĐŚĂ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ^ƵşĕĂ;ŽŝŶĆŽ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚŝƚŽŶŐŽ ĐŽŵ ŽƵŶĞŵ

ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĕĂ͕ŶŽƚĞǆƚŽ͕ŽǀĞƌďŽŶŽŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽ͘ ƐşůĂďĂ ĐŽŵĕͿ͕ƉĞƷŐĂ;ŽƵŶĆŽ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚŝƚŽŶŐŽ
ŝŶƚĞŶĕĆŽĠĨĂǌĞƌĐŽŵƋƵĞŽŝŶƚĞƌůŽĐƵƚŽƌƐŝŶƚĂĂ ĐŽŵŽĞŶĞŵƐşůĂďĂĐŽŵŐͿ͘
ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĐŽŵƉƌĂƌŽƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ͘KĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĞ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞƚĂŵďĠŵĞƐĐůĂƌĞĐĞƌĂŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ
ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ Ġ ĚĞ ŽƌĚĞŵ͘ hƚŝůŝǌĂŵͲƐĞ ŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽƐ͕ ăƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ͕ ƐƵƉƌŝŵĞŵ Ă
ĚŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞŝƐƉĂƌĂĐŽŶǀĞŶĐĞƌŽůĞŝƚŽƌĂĐŽŶƐƵŵŝƌ ƉŽŶƚƵĂĕĆŽƉĂƌĂĚĂƌŵĂŝƐĨůƵŝĚĞǌĂŽƚĞǆƚŽ͘
ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞƐ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ͘ K ƵƐŽ ĚŽ ϭϬ͘
ŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀŽ Ġ Ƶŵ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽ ůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ĂͿ KƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƋƵĞƉƌĞƚĞŶĚĞǀĞŶĚĞƌĠĂŶŽŶŝŶŚŽ͘
ƉĞůŽƐ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ĞƐƚƌĂƚĠŐŝĂ ĚĞ ďͿ ^ŝŵ͕ƉŽĚĞƐĞƌĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂĂƉĞůĂƚŝǀĂĞĞŶŐĂŶŽƐĂ͕

ƉŽƌƋƵĞĚŝǌƋƵĞŽƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƚĞŵƚŽĚĂǀŝƚĂŵŝŶĂƋƵĞ
ƉĞƌƐƵĂƐĆŽĞĂƉĞůŽĂŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ͘
ƵŵĂ ĐƌŝĂŶĕĂ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĐĄůĐŝŽ Ğ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ
ϳ͘ ůĠŵ ĚŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ůŝŶŐƵşƐƚŝĐŽƐ͕ ĨŽƌĂŵ ŶƵƚƌŝĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĞƐƚůşƐƚŝĐŽƐ Ğ ƐĞŵŝſƚŝĐŽƐ ĐͿ ƐƌŝŵĂƐƐĆŽ͗ĚĄ͕ũĄ͕ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂƌ͕ďƌŝŶĐĂƌ͘ƐƌŝŵĂƐ

ĐŽŵŽ͗ ĐŽƌĞƐ͕ ŝŵĂŐĞŶƐ ĚĂƐ ďŽůĂĐŚĂƐ͕ ůĞƚƌĂƐ ĚĆŽ Ž ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĚĂ ƐŽŶŽƌŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ŵƵƐŝĐĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͕
ĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂŶĚŽĂŵĞŵŽƌŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘
ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ Ğ ĐŚĂŵĂƚŝǀĂƐ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĚͿ KŶŽŵĞ ĚŽƉƌŽĚƵƚŽĠ ƌĞƉĞƚŝĚŽǀĄƌŝĂƐǀĞǌĞƐ͘K
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƉĞƌĐĞďĂ ŽƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝŽƐ
ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ Ġ͕ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚŽ ũŝŶŐůĞ Ğ ĚĂ ƌĞƉĞƚŝĕĆŽ͕
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐĞĚġĂƐƵĂŽƉŝĆŽĂĐĞƌĐĂĚŽĂŶƷŶĐŝŽ͘ ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌŽƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƉĂƌĂƋƵĞƐĞũĂĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽ͘
ϴ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ DĂƐ ĞƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ϭϭ͘ EĂ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚŽ ũŝŶŐůĞ͕ ĞƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĚġĂƐƵĂŽƉŝŶŝĆŽĞ͕ŶĂũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂ͕
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĕĂ ĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ
ĂƉĂƌĞĕĂŵ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ͗ ĞǆĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ
ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽ ŐġŶĞƌŽ Ğŵ ĞƐƚƵĚŽ͘ ůŐƵŶƐ
ĂĕƷĐĂƌ͕ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ĨĂƌŝŶŚĂ ĚĞ ƚƌŝŐŽ ďƌĂŶĐĂ Ğ
ĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĚŽƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ
ƌĞĨŝŶĂĚĂ͕ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂŶƚĞƐ͖ ƚŽĚŽƐ
ĞůĞƐ ǀĞƌŝĨŝƋƵĞŵ ƐĞ Ž ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ ĨŽŝ ĨĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ
ŝŶŐƌĞĚŝĞŶƚĞƐ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽƐ ŶĂ ĨĂďƌŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ
ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂ͕ ƚĂŝƐ ĐŽŵŽ͗ ĂĚĞƋƵĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ
ďŽůĂĐŚĂƐ͘
ƚĞǆƚŽ ĂŽ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ƋƵĞƌ ǀĞŶĚĞƌ ŽƵ
9. “͘͘͘ǀŽĐġƐŽŶŚĂ͕ŶſƐĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşŵŽƐ.” EsperaͲƐĞ
ĚŝǀƵůŐĂƌ͕ ƵƐŽ ĂĚĞƋƵĂĚŽ ĚĂƐ ƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ͕
ƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞŽďƐĞƌǀĞĂĂƵƐġŶĐŝĂĚĂǀşƌŐƵůĂ
ĞŶƚŽŶĂĕĆŽƵƐĂĚĂ͕ƌŝƚŵŽ͕ĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞĚŽƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ
e do acento agudo no “i” (hiato) da palavra
Ă ƐĞƌ ǀĞŶĚŝĚŽ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ ƐƐĂ ĂǀĂůŝĂĕĆŽ͕
ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵşŵŽƐ͘ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ Ž ŶŽǀŽ ĂĐŽƌĚŽ
ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ ĂũƵĚĂƌ Ž ƉƌŽĨĞƐƐŽƌ Ă ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌ ƐĞ ŽƐ
ŽƌƚŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽ͕ĂƐǀŽŐĂŝƐƚſŶŝĐĂƐŝĞƵĚĂƐƉĂůĂǀƌĂƐ
ĂůƵŶŽƐĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĂŵŽŐġŶĞƌŽƋƵĞƐĞƋƵĞƌ
ŽǆşƚŽŶĂƐ Ğ ƉĂƌŽǆşƚŽŶĂƐ ůĞǀĂŵ ĂĐĞŶƚŽ ĂŐƵĚŽ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂƌ͕ĂƵǆŝůŝĂŽƐĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐŶĂĂǀĂůŝĂĕĆŽĚĂ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ĂŶƚĞĐĞĚŝĚĂƐ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ǀŽŐĂů ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ
ƐƵĂƉƌſƉƌŝĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĞƉŽĚĞƉĞƌŵŝƚŝƌƋƵĞĞůĞƐ
ŶĆŽ ĨŽƌŵĂŵ ĚŝƚŽŶŐŽ Ğ ĚĞƐĚĞ ĚĞ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ
ĐƌŝĞŵƚĞǆƚŽƐŽƌĂŝƐĂĚĞƋƵĂĚŽƐĂƐƵĂĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵĂŵ ƐşůĂďĂ ĐŽŵ Ă ĞǀĞŶƚƵĂů ĐŽŶƐŽĂŶƚĞ
ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ;ĞǆĐĞƚƵĂŶĚŽŽĐĂƐŽĚĞƐͿ͘ǆĞŵƉůŽƐ͗
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϳ
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296
ϭ͘ Ɛ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂŐĞŶƐ ĚŽ ƚĞǆƚŽ ƐĆŽ Ƶŵ ϴ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿƋƵĞĞǆĞŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂĂĐŽĞƐĆŽƚĞǆƚƵĂů

ŵĞŶŝŶŽ Ğ Ƶŵ ĂĚƵůƚŽ͘ K ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ Ġ ĂƌƚĞŝƌŽ͕ pela elipse do sujeito. A forma verbal “fizesse”
ĂůĞŐƌĞ͕ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂƚŝǀŽ Ğ ŵŝƐƚƵƌĂ ĨĂŶƚĂƐŝĂ Ğ ƚĞŵƐĞƵƐƵũĞŝƚŽŽĐƵůƚŽ͕ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂĂŽ
ƌĞĂůŝĚĂĚĞ͘KĂĚƵůƚŽĠŵƵŝƚŽƐŝŵƉĄƚŝĐŽ͕ƉĂƌĞĐĞ ǀŽĐĄďƵůŽ ǀŝƌĂů ŐƌŝƉƉĞ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂ ĂŐĂƌƌĂƌ͘
ĐŽŶǀŝǀĞƌďĞŵĐŽŵĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ͘ ĂƐŽŽĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚŽĨŽƐƐĞƌĞĞƐĐƌŝƚŽĐŽŵŽƐƵũĞŝƚŽ
Ϯ͘ ĂͿƉƌŽǀĂǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞƵŵŐĂƌŽƚŽƐĞŶƐşǀĞů͕ ĞǆƉůşĐŝƚŽ͕ƚĞƌşĂŵŽƐ͗“SupõeͲƐĞƋƵĞŽǀŽĐĄďƵůŽ
ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂƚŝǀŽĞďŽŵŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽƌ͕ƉŽŝƐĠĐĂƉĂǌĚĞ ŐƌŝƉƉĞ ĨŝǌĞƐƐĞ ƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ ĂŽ ŵŽĚŽ ǀŝŽůĞŶƚŽ
ĚĞĚŝĐĂƌͲƐĞĂĂůŐŽƚĆŽůĞŶƚŽĐŽŵŽĂĐĂŵŝŶŚĂĚĂ ĐŽŵŽ Ž ǀşƌƵƐ ƐĞ ĂƉŽƐƐĂ ĚŽ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽ
ĚĂƐĨŽƌŵŝŐĂƐ͘ infectado.”
ďͿ ^ƵŐĞƐƚĆŽ͗ŐŽƐƚĂǀĂĚĞĐƌŝĂŶĕĂƐ͕ƚŝŶŚĂ ϵ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂͿexpressão “Além disso”
ĨĂĐŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƌĐŽŵĞůĂƐ͕ĚĞƐƉĞƌƚĂǀĂ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞĐŽĞƐĆŽ͕ ĚĂŶĚŽ ƐĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ ăƐ ŝĚĞŝĂƐ
ƐŝŵƉĂƚŝĂĞĐŽŶĨŝĂŶĕĂ͕ƚŝŶŚĂĞǆƉĞƌŝġŶĐŝĂĚĞ ĚŝƚĂƐĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌŵĞŶƚĞ͘
ǀŝĚĂ͘ ϭϬ͘ĂͿYhEK;ĚǀĠƌďŝŽĚĞdĞŵƉŽͿ
ϯ͘ “Gostei daquele homem: ele sabia uma porção ďͿ Yh;WƌŽŶŽŵĞZĞůĂƚŝǀŽͿ
de coisas que eu também sabia”. ĐͿ ;ŽŶũƵŶĕĆŽŽŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂĚŝƚŝǀĂͿ
ϰ͘ &ĂůŽƵ ĚĂ ŐĂůŝŶŚĂ &ĞƌŶĂŶĚĂ͕ ĚŽƐ ŵŝůĂŐƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ED;ŽŶũƵŶĕĆŽŽŽƌĚĞŶĂĚĂĚŝƚŝǀĂͿ
ĂŶĚŽƵ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ͕ ĚĞ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƉƌĞŶĚĞƵ Ă ǀŽĂƌ
ĐŽŵŽ ŽƐ ƉĄƐƐĂƌŽƐ͕ ĚĂƐ ƐƵĂƐ ĂǀĞŶƚƵƌĂƐ ĐŽŵŽ
ĚĞƚĞƚŝǀĞ Ğ ĞƐĐŽƚĞŝƌŽ͕ ĚŽ ƐſƐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƌĞƚŝƌŽƵ ĚŽ
ĞƐƉĞůŚŽ͕ĚŽǀĂůĞŶƚĆŽĚĂĞƐĐŽůĂ͕ĚŽĚŝĂĞŵƋƵĞ
ĨŽŝĐĂŵƉĞĆŽĚĞĨƵƚĞďŽů͕ĚŽƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽĂŵŽƌ͕ĚŽ
ĐĂƉŝƚĆŽ WĂƚŝĨĂƌŝĂ͕ ĚĂ ƉĂƐƐĂƌŝŶŚĂĚĂ ƋƵĞ ƐŽůƚŽƵ
ũƵŶƚŽ ĐŽŵ DĂƌŝĂŶĂ͘ >ĞǀŽƵͲŽ ƉĂƌĂ ǀĞƌ Ž
ƉĂƉĂŐĂŝŽ'ŽĚŽĨƌĞĚŽ͘
ϱ͘ ůŐƵŶƐ ƐĆŽ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ ĚĞ ĨĂŶƚĂƐŝĂ ƋƵĞ
ĞŶǀŽůǀĞƐĞƵƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽĚĞďƌŝŶĐĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŽ
ƐſƐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƌĞƚŝƌŽƵ ĚŽ ĞƐƉĞůŚŽ Ğ Ž ĨĂƚŽ ĚĞ ƚĞƌ
ĂƉƌĞŶĚŝĚŽĂǀŽĂƌĐŽŵŽŽƐƉĄƐƐĂƌŽƐ͘
ϲ͘ K ŵĞŶŝŶŽ ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƵ Ž ĐŽŶƐĞůŚŽ ĚŽ ŚŽŵĞŵ
ŵƵŝƚŽŵĂŝƐƚĂƌĚĞ͘&ĂůƚĂǀĂͲůŚĞŵĂƚƵƌŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ϳ͘ WƌŽǀĂǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ŶĂ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂ ĚĂƐ ǀĞǌĞƐ
ĞƐƚĂǀĂƉƌĞŽĐƵƉĂĚŽĐŽŶƐŝŐŽŵĞƐŵŽĞŶĆŽĐŽŵ
ŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽĂŐĞƚĂŶƚĂŐĞŶƚĞ
>/E'h'E^^h^dEK>K'/^
297
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z/E/^ Ϯ͘ ;ͿdƌĂƚĂͲƐĞĚĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂ
ĨŽƌĕĂ ĚŽ ǀĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĐŽŵ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂŝƐ
ďĂŝǆŽƐ͘;M>/Ϳ
;Ϳ^ĆŽĂƋƵĞůĞƐĐƵũĂƋƵĞŝŵĂĠĐĂƉĂǌĚĞŐĞƌĂƌ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ ƐĞũĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƚĞƌŵŽĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ŽƵ
W1dh>KϬϭ ƉĂƌĂ ǀĞşĐƵůŽƐ ĚĞ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ƉŽƌƚĞ͘

;KDh^d1s/^&M^^/^Ϳ
;Ϳ ƵŵĂ ĚĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƚġŵ ƐĞ
/EdZKhKZs/^K
ƉŽƉƵůĂƌŝǌĂĚŽ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ƉŽĚĞŶĚŽ ƐĞƌ ĚŽ ƚŝƉŽ
ĨŽƚŽǀŽůƚĂŝĐĂ ŽƵ ƚĠƌŵŝĐĂ͕ ĂŝŶĚĂ ĐŽŵ ĐƵƐƚŽƐ
d/s/^
ĞůĞǀĂĚŽƐƉĂƌĂĂŝŵƉůĂŶƚĂĕĆŽ͘;^K>ZͿ
WZdϭ
ϯ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘ǀĂƉŽƌĞĄŐƵĂƋƵĞŶƚĞ͖ŐĞƌĂĚŽƌ͘
ϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ;ƉĞŶĂƐ///ĞƐƚĄĐŽƌƌĞƚĂͿ͘
ϰ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĚĞĐƵŶŚŽƉĞƐƐŽĂů͕ĐŽŶƚƵĚŽĞƐƉĞƌĂͲ
/– ŶĞƌŐŝĂĞſůŝĐĂĠĂƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůĨŽƌŵĂĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĂĨŝƌŵĞƋƵĞŽƵƐŽĚĞĨŽŶƚĞƐ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂŶŽƌĂƐŝů͘;/EKZZd͕ŚŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĠ
ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŶĆŽ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝ ĚĞ
Ă ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ŶŽ
ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĂŐƌĂǀĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ
ƌĂƐŝů͘Ϳ
ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĞƐƚƵĨĂ͕ ĚĞǀŝĚŽ Ă ĞŵŝƐƐĆŽ ĚĞ ŐĂƐĞƐ
//– dĂŵďĠŵĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĐŽŵŽĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞſůŝĐĂ͕Ă
ƉŽůƵĞŶƚĞƐƉĂƌĂĂĂƚŵŽƐĨĞƌĂ͘ŽŵŽŵĞĚŝĚĂĚĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĂƚƀŵŝĐĂ Ġ ŽďƚŝĚĂ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĂ ĨŝƐƐĆŽ
ƌĞĚƵǌŝƌ Ž ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽ ĚĞǀĞͲƐĞ ĞƐƚŝŵƵůĂƌ Ă
ŶƵĐůĞĂƌ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ ƌĂĚŝŽĂƚŝǀŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ž
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞŝƐ͕
ƵƌąŶŝŽ͘;/EKZZd͕ƚĂŵďĠŵĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĐŽŵŽ
ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ ĚĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĂƚƀŵŝĐĂ͕ĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŶƵĐůĞĂƌĠŽďƚŝĚĂƉŽƌ
ĐŽŵƉŽƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚŝŵƵůĞŵ Ƶŵ ŵĞŶŽƌ
ŵĞŝŽ ĚĂ ĨŝƐƐĆŽ ŶƵĐůĞĂƌ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ
ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŶĆŽ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞů͕ ƉŽƌ
ƌĂĚŝŽĂƚŝǀŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ Ž ƵƌąŶŝŽ͕ Ğ ŶĆŽ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͘
ĞſůŝĐĂͿ͘
/// – ŝŽŵĂƐƐĂ Ġ ƚŽĚĂ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂ ŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂ ŶĆŽ
ϱ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ;Z^/^dKZ^͘KƐƌĞƐŝƐƚŽƌĞƐ͕ŽƵ
ĨſƐƐŝů͕ĚĞŽƌŝŐĞŵĂŶŝŵĂůŽƵǀĞŐĞƚĂů͕ƋƵĞƉŽĚĞ
ƌĞƐŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂƐ͕ ƐĆŽ ĚŝƐƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽƐ ĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐŽƐ ĐƵũĂ
ƐĞƌ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ŶĂ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĐĂůŽƌ͕ ƐĞũĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ĨƵŶĕĆŽĠĂĚĞƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƌĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĞŵ
ƵƐŽƚĠƌŵŝĐŽŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͘;KZZdͿ͘
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƚĠƌŵŝĐĂ͕ Ğ ĞƐƚĆŽ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ ŶŽƐ
ĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽƐŵĞŶĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐͿ͘
ϲ͘ĂͿ;sͿKZZd͘
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
298
ďͿ ; Ϳ ůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ Ġ ƉƌŽǀĞŶŝĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ ĨůƵǆŽ ĚĞ ŬtŚͬŵġƐŶĂĞƚŝƋƵĞƚĂĚĞĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂ͘

ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂƐŵƵŝƚŽƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐƉƌſƚŽŶƐ EŽĐĂƐŽĚŽŵŽĚĞůŽĚĂŵĂƌĐĂZŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ
ƋƵĞĨĂǌĞŵ ƉĂƌƚĞĚĂ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ĄƚŽŵŽƐ͘ ƐĞƌĄĚĞĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚĂŵĞŶƚĞZΨϰ͕ϱϱƉŽƌŵġƐ;ϳ͕ϲ
;/EKZZd͕ƉŽŝƐĂĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞĠƉƌŽǀĞŶŝĞŶƚĞ ŬtŚ ǆ Ϭ͕ϱϵϴϯϰϮ с ϰ͕ϱϰϳϯͿ͕ ũĄ Ž ŵŽĚĞůŽ ĚĂ
ĚŽ ĨůƵǆŽ ĚĞ ƉĂƌƚşĐƵůĂƐ ŵƵŝƚŽ ƉĞƋƵĞŶĂƐ ŵĂƌĐĂ >h Ž ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ƚĞƌĄ ĚĞ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ ƋƵĞ ĨĂǌĞŵ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚĂŵĞŶƚĞZΨϲ͕ϰϱƉŽƌŵġƐ;ϭϬ͕ϳϴǆϬ͕
ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽĚŽƐĄƚŽŵŽƐͿ ϱϵϴϯϰϮсϲ͕ϰϱϬϭͿ͘WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽŽĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽŶĂ
ĐͿ ;Ϳ'ĞƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞƋƵĂŶĚŽƵŵĐŽƌƉŽƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ŵĂƌĐĂZƚƌĂƌĄŵĂŝƐĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂĂŽĐůŝĞŶƚĞ͘
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ž ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ƉƌſƚŽŶƐ ŝŐƵĂů ĂŽ ĚĞ
ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ ĚŝǌĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ĐŽƌƉŽ ĞƐƚĄ ϵ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ďͿZΨϱ͕Ϯϱ͘
ĞůĞƚƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐĂƌƌĞŐĂĚŽ͘ ;/EKZZd͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ͗ƐĐŽůŚĞŶĚŽƵŵŵŽĚĞůŽĚĞůąŵƉĂĚĂ
ƋƵĂŶĚŽ Ƶŵ ĐŽƌƉŽ ƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ž ƋƵĞĐŽŶƐŽŵĞϭϬϬǁĂƚƚƐĞĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽƋƵĞĂ
ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ƉƌſƚŽŶƐ ŝŐƵĂů ĂŽ ĚĞ ĞůĠƚƌŽŶƐ ůąŵƉĂĚĂĨŝƋƵĞůŝŐĂĚĂϳŚŽƌĂƐƉŽƌĚŝĂ͕ĐŽŵƵŵĂ
ĚŝǌĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ĐŽƌƉŽ ĞƐƚĄ ĞůĞƚƌŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƚĂƌŝĨĂ ĚĞ ZΨ Ϭ͕Ϯϱ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ŽďƚĞƌ Ž ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ
ŶĞƵƚƌŽͿ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚŽ ĚĂ ůąŵƉĂĚĂ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ŵġƐ ĐŽŵ ϯϬ
ĚͿ ;sͿKZZd͘ ĚŝĂƐ͕ ƚĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ĐĂůĐƵůĂƌ ƵƐĂŶĚŽ ŽƐ ĚĂĚŽƐ
ŽďƚŝĚŽƐ͗ϭϬϬǆϳǆϯϬсϮϭϬϬϬ͘ŐŽƌĂƚĞŵŽƐƋƵĞ
ϳ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ƉĂƐƐĂƌ ĞƐƐĞ ǀĂůŽƌ ƉĂƌĂ ŬtŚ͘ ŽŵŽ Ƶŵ
ĐŝĞŶƚŝƐƚĂ ĚŝƐƐĞ ƚĂů ĨƌĂƐĞ ƉĂƌĂ ƐĞ ƌĞĨĞƌŝƌ ă ƋƵŝůŽǁĂƚƚƐ ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞ Ă ϭϬϬϬ ǁĂƚƚƐ͕ ϮϭϬϬϬ
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ƋƵĞĠĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĚĞ tŚрϭϬϬϬсϮϭŬtŚ͘ƐƐĞĠŽŐĂƐƚŽƚŽƚĂůƉŽƌ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƵƚƌĂ͘ /ƐƐŽ ŵġƐ͘ ŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽ Ă ƚĂƌŝĨĂ ĚĞ ZΨ Ϭ͕Ϯϱ ǆ Ϯϭ
ĂĐŽŶƚĞĐĞ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ƚŽĚĂ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ĐŚĞŐĂŵŽƐĂŽǀĂůŽƌĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚŽĚĞZΨϱ͕Ϯϱ͘
ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞŵŽƐĠƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĚĂĚĞĂůŐƵŵĂĨŽƌŵĂ͘
ĞƐƐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ͕ Ğŵ ƷůƚŝŵĂ ŝŶƐƚąŶĐŝĂ͕ ƉŽĚĞͲƐĞ ϭϬ͘ KĐĄůĐƵůŽĚĞǀĞƐĞƌƌĞĂůŝǌĂĚŽƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞă
ĚŝǌĞƌ ƋƵĞ ƚŽĚĂ Ă ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĚŽ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŽ Ġ ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽĂŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ͕ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĂŶĚŽĂƷůƚŝŵĂĐŽůƵŶĂ
ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĚĂ͘ ĐŽŵŽƐĚĞǀŝĚŽƐǀĂůŽƌĞƐŝŶĚŝĐĂĚŽƐŶĂƋƵĞƐƚĆŽĞ
ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂŶĚŽĂƚĂƌŝĨĂĚĞZΨϬ͕ϯϳƉŽƌŬtŚ͘
d/s/^ ŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ͗ĞƐƚĞŵŽĚŽŽďƐĞƌǀĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽǀĂůŽƌ
WZdϮ ĞƐƉĞƌĂĚŽƉĂƌĂĂĐŽŶƚĂĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐĞƌĄ
ĚĞ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ZΨ ϳϳ͕ϰϳ ŶŽ ŵġƐ
ϴ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĞŶƚĞŶĚĂƋƵĞƉĂƌĂ ŝŶĚŝĐĂĚŽ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ Ă ŐĞůĂĚĞŝƌĂ Ž ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽ
ĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂƌ͕ ŐĞƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ŽƐ ĨĂďƌŝĐĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ƋƵĞŵĂŝƐĐŽŶƐŽŵĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŶĞƐƐĂĐĂƐĂ͘
ƚĞůĞǀŝƐŽƌĞƐ ũĄ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂŵ Ž ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ Ğŵ
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
299
Potência Tempo de
Consumo
ĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂ ƐŝŵƉůĞƐ Ğ ĞĨŝĐĂǌ ƋƵĞ ƉĞƌŵŝƚĞ ĂŽ
Aparelho em Funcionamento
por mês ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƌĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ͕ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ
Watts (em horas)
Geladeira 250 400 R$ 37,00 Ğ ĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ ă ĚŝƐƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ŶŽ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ͕
Lavadora ŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞƐ Ğ ƋƵĞ ĐŽŶƐŽŵĞŵ ŵĞŶŽƐ
1050 10 R$ 3,88
de Roupas
Ferro
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
1000 12 R$ 4,44
Elétrico
Chuveiro 5500 15 R$ 30,52
ϭϰ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ĚͿ/͕//Ğ///͘
Ventilador 110 40 R$ 1,63
Total R$ ŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ͗dŽĚĂƐĞƐƐĂƐĂĕƁĞƐƉŽĚĞŵĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƌ
77,47 ƉĂƌĂƵŵĂĐŝĚĂĚĞŵĂŝƐƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞů͕ĐŽŵŽ͗ƵƐĂƌ
ĐŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞŝƐĚĞĐŽǌŝŶŚĂŵĂŝƐůŝŵƉŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽŽ
ŐĄƐ ůŝƋƵĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĞƉĞƚƌſůĞŽ͕ ůĞǀĂƌŝĂ Ă ƌĞĚƵĕƁĞƐ
ϭϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ďͿZΨϭϲϮ͕ϴϳ͘ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĄǀĞŝƐ ŶĂ ƉŽůƵŝĕĆŽ Ğ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƌŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ͗WĂƌĂŽĐĄůĐƵůŽĚŽǀĂůŽƌĚĂĐŽŶƚĂĚĞ ŵĞůŚŽƌĂƌ Ă ƐĂƷĚĞ ĚĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͕ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ
ůƵǌĚĞƐƐĂĨĂŵşůŝĂƉĞŐƵĞŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŽĞŵŬtŚĞ ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝǌĂƌ ƚĞŵƉŽ Ğ ĚŝŶŚĞŝƌŽ Ğŵ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ
ŵƵůƚŝƉůŝƋƵĞ ƉĞůĂ ƚĂƌŝĨĂ ;ϮϲϳŬtŚ ǆ Ϭ͕ϲϭ ĐĂƐŽƐ͖ŝŶƐƚĂůĂƌŵĂŝƐƐŝƐƚĞŵĂƐĚĞĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽĚĞ
ĐĞŶƚĂǀŽƐсZΨϭϲϮ͕ϴϳͿ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞů͕ ĐŽŵŽ ƉĂŝŶĠŝƐ ƐŽůĂƌĞƐ
ƉŽĚĞŵŐĞƌĂƌĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞĨŽƌŵĂŵĂŝƐůŝŵƉĂ
ϭϮ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž Ğ ĂĐĞƐƐşǀĞů ŶĂƐ ĄƌĞĂƐ ƵƌďĂŶĂƐ͖ ŝŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞůŝƐƚĞĂĕƁĞƐĐŽŵŽ͗ŵĂŶƚĞƌĂƉĂŐĂĚĂƐ ŵĞĚŝĚĂƐ ĚĞ ĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂ ĚĞ
ĂƐ ůƵǌĞƐ ĚĞ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞƐ ĚĞƐŽĐƵƉĂĚŽƐ͖ Ğŵ ĚŝĂƐ ĞĚŝĨŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͕ ĐŽŵ ŶŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ Ğ
ƋƵĞŶƚĞƐ͕ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌŽĐŚƵǀĞŝƌŽŶĂƉŽƐŝĕĆŽǀĞƌĆŽ͖ ƉĂĚƌƁĞƐĚĞĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐƋƵĞĞƐƚŝŵƵůĞŵĂ
ĚŝŵŝŶƵŝƌ Ž ƚĞŵƉŽ ĚĞ ďĂŶŚŽ͖ ŶĆŽ ĚĞŝǆĂƌ ĂƐ ĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂƌĞĚƵǌĞŵŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŽĞŽƐ
ƉŽƌƚĂƐ ĚĞ ŐĞůĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ ŽƵ ĨƌĞĞǌĞƌƐ ĂďĞƌƚĂƐ ƉŽƌ ŐĂƐƚŽƐĐŽŵĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘
ŵƵŝƚŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ͖ ŶĆŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌ Ž ĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽ ĚĞ ĂƌͲ
ĐŽŶĚŝĐŝŽŶĂĚŽ Ğŵ ƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĂƐ ŵƵŝƚŽ ďĂŝǆĂƐ͕ d/s/^
ĞŶƚƌĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ WZdϯ
ϭϯ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ ĚͿ WĞƌŵŝƚĞ ĂŽ ϭϱ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƌ ĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌ ŽƐ ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ Ğ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞŝŶĚŝƋƵĞƋƵĂŶƚŽƐĂƉĂƌĞůŚŽƐƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ
ĞůĞƚƌŽĚŽŵĠƐƚŝĐŽƐ ĚŽ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ŵĂŝƐ Ž ŵŽĚŽ ƐƚĂŶĚͲďǇĞ ƋƵĞĞƐƐĞ ŵŽĚŽĚĞ ĂůŐƵŶƐ
ĞĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞƐĞƋƵĞĐŽŶƐŽŵĞŵŵĞŶŽƐĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘ ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐŽƐƉŽĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝƌƐŝŵ
ŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ͗ K ^ĞůŽ WƌŽĐĞů ĚĞ ĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ ĚĞ ĐŽŵ Ž ĂƵŵĞŶƚŽ ŶĂ ƐƵĂ ĐŽŶƚĂ ĚĞ ůƵǌ͕ ĂƚĠ
ŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƚĞŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĨŝŶĂůŝĚĂĚĞ ƐĞƌ ƵŵĂ ŵĞƐŵŽƐĞŵƋƵĞĞůĞƉĞƌĐĞďĂ͘
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
300
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŐĞƌĂĚĂ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘ ;ĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ ϮϬϮϬ͕

ϭϲ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž DŝŶŝƐƚĠƌŝŽĚĞDŝŶĂƐĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘Ϳ
ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ Ġ ƉƌĞĐŝƐŽ Ğ ƉŽƐƐşǀĞů͕
ƌĞĚƵǌŝƌŽĐŽŶƐƵŵŽĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ũĄƋƵĞ ϭϵ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ ĚͿ ^ĆŽ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ
ĞůĂ Ġ ŵƵŝƚŽ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ Ğŵ ŶŽƐƐŽ ĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽ͕ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŵ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŶĆŽ ƐĞ
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŶĨŽƌƚŽ͘ WŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ Ġ ĞƐŐŽƚĂŵŽƵƐĞƌĞŐĞƌĂŵŶĂŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ͘
ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ƉƌĂƚŝĐĂƌŵŽƐ Ž ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ ŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ͗ ŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞů Ġ ĂƋƵĞůĂ
ĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞ͕ ĞǀŝƚĂŶĚŽ ŐĂƐƚŽƐ ĚĞƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐ ƉƌŽǀĞŶŝĞŶƚĞ ĚĞ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ
ƋƵĞ ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂŵ ŵĂŝƐ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ğ ƉŽĚĞŵ͕ ŶĂƚƵƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞƌĞĂďĂƐƚĞĐŝĚŽƐ͕ĐŽŵŽƐŽů͕ǀĞŶƚŽ͕
ĐŽŵďŝŶĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽƵƚƌŽƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͕ĚĞƐĞŶĐĂĚĞĂƌ ĐŚƵǀĂ͕ŵĂƌĠƐ͕ƉŽƌĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͘
ĐƌŝƐĞƐĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂƐ͘
ϮϬ͘ ^ĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ ,/Z>dZ/ –
ϭϳ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ ĐͿ ĐŽŶƐĐŝĞŶƚĞ – WKdE/> – /Ed/ – ,/Zh>/ –
ĞĨŝĐŝġŶĐŝĂ–WƌŽĐĞů͘ DE/–>dZ/͘
/͘ŵƐƵĂƐĐĂƐĂƐ͕ĐĂĚĂŵŽƌĂĚŽƌƉŽĚĞ;ĞĚĞǀĞͿ hŵĂ ƵƐŝŶĂ ,/Z>dZ/ Ġ ƵŵĂ ŽďƌĂ ĚĞ
ĨĂǌĞƌ ƐƵĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ Ğ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƐĂƌ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂ ĨĂŵşůŝĂ ĞŶŐĞŶŚĂƌŝĂ ƋƵĞ ƵƐĂ Ă ĨŽƌĕĂ ĚĂƐ ĄŐƵĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ
ƐŽďƌĞ Ă ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ ĚŽ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽ KE^/Ed ĚĞ ŐĞƌĂƌ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘ ůĂ Ġ Ƶŵ ŝŶƚƌŝĐĂĚŽ ƉƌŽũĞƚŽ ĚĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘ ĞŶŐĞŶŚĂƌŝĂƐ ;Đŝǀŝů͕ ĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ ŵĞĐąŶŝĐĂ͕
//͘ ^Ğ ĨŽƌ ƚƌŽĐĂƌ ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐŽƐ͕ ŚŝĚƌĄƵůŝĐĂ͘͘͘Ϳ ƋƵĞ ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂ ĞŶŽƌŵĞƐ ĞƐĨŽƌĕŽƐ
ĞƐĐŽůŚĂ ĂƋƵĞůĞƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ƐĞůŽƐ ĚĞ ĚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĕĆŽ͘ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ WKdE/>
&//E/ ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂ ĚŽ WƌŽŐƌĂŵĂ EĂĐŝŽŶĂů ŐƌĂǀŝƚĂĐŝŽŶĂů ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚĞ Ğŵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ĚĞ ŽŶƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŶĞƌŐŝĂ ůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ Ž ^ĞůŽ /Ed/ĠŽďƚŝĚĂƉĞůŽƌĞƉƌĞƐĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĂĄŐƵĂ͖
WZK>͘ Ğ ĞƐƐĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƉƌŽǀŽĐĂ Ă ƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ƋƵĞ
ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ,/Zh>/ Ğŵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ϭϴ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ ĚͿ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ŚŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂ͕ DE/͕ ƋƵĞ Ġ ƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌŝĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ƚƵƌďŝŶĂ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂƚĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞſůŝĐĂ͘ ŚŝĚƌĄƵůŝĐĂ ŽŶĚĞ ƐĞƌĄ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚŝĚĂ Ğŵ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ
ŝƐĐƵƐƐĆŽ͗ ŵ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ůƵŐĂƌ͕ Ă ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ >dZ/͘
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂƐ ƵƐŝŶĂƐ ŚŝĚƌĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ϯϭ͘ /͘ ;ͺsͺͿ ĐĂŶĂͲĚĞͲĂĕƷĐĂƌ Ġ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ
ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞ Ă ŵĂŝƐ ĚĞ ϲϰй ĚĂ ŵĂƚƌŝǌ ĨĂďƌŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĞĂĕƷĐĂƌĞĞƚĂŶŽů͕ĞŽďĂŐĂĕŽƉŽĚĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂ ŶŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘ ^ĞŐƵŝĚŽ ƉĞůĂƐ ƵƐŝŶĂƐ ƐĞƌƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽĐŽŵŽĐŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞůƉĂƌĂĐŽŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ
ƚĞƌŵĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ͕ƋƵĞƐĆŽƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐƉŽƌĐĞƌĐĂ ĚĞĐĂůŽƌĞĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
ĚĞϮϳйĚĂĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĞůĠƚƌŝĐĂŐĞƌĂĚĂŶŽƉĂşƐ͘:ĄĂ //͘ ;ͺ&ͺͿKŐĄƐŶĂƚƵƌĂůĠƵŵĞǆĞŵƉůŽĚĞĨŽŶƚĞ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞſůŝĐĂ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ĐĞƌĐĂ ĚĞ ϳй ĚĂ ĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŶĆŽƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞů͕ĐŽůĂďŽƌĂŶĚŽĐŽŵŽ
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
301
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽ ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĞƐƚƵĨĂ Ğ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ W1dh>KϬϮ

ĂŐƌĂǀĂŶĚŽŽĂƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽŐůŽďĂů͘;ŽƌƌĞĕĆŽ͗K
ŐĄƐ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů Ġ Ƶŵ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞů ĚĞ ,Z/dZ/
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ůŝŵƉĂ͕ ĞůĞ ŶĆŽ ĐŽůĂďŽƌĂ ĐŽŵ Ž
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĞĨĞŝƚŽĞƐƚƵĨĂ͘Ϳ
ϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ
///͘ ;ͺ&ͺͿ K ƐƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ 'ŽŝĄƐ ĞƐƚĄ ŶŽ ƉĂşƐ ĐŽŵ
ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ
ŵĞŶŽƌ ƌĂĚŝĂĕĆŽ ƐŽůĂƌ ĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͕ ĞŶƵŵĂ ĚĂƐ
ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐƉĞůĂƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽƐĞǆƵĂĚĂ͘
ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ ŵĞŶŽƐ ƉƌŝǀŝůĞŐŝĂĚĂƐ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ͕
ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ƵŵůŽĐĂůƋƵĞƉŽƵĐŽƵƚŝůŝǌĂĞƐƚĞƚŝƉŽĚĞ
Ϯ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĂĨŝƌŵĞƋƵĞĂŽƐ
ĨŽŶƚĞĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘;ŽƌƌĞĕĆŽ͗KƐƚĂĚŽĚĞ'ŽŝĄƐ
ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ ĚĞ
ĞƐƚĄ ŶŽ ƉĂşƐ ĐŽŵ ŵĂŝƐ ƌĂĚŝĂĕĆŽ ƐŽůĂƌ ĚŽ
ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ͕ ŵĞƚĂĚĞ ĚĂ ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ
ŵƵŶĚŽ͕ĞŶƵŵĂĚĂƐƌĞŐŝƁĞƐŵĂŝƐƉƌŝǀŝůĞŐŝĂĚĂƐ
ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐĚĂƐŽƵƚƌĂƐĐĠůƵůĂƐƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐĞŵ
ĚŽƌĂƐŝů͕ƐĞŶĚŽ͕ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ƵŵůŽĐĂůĚĞĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ
Ƶŵ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ƐĞ ĨƵŶĚĞŵ
ƉĂƌĂƐĞƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌĞƐƚĞƚŝƉŽĚĞĨŽŶƚĞĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͘Ϳ
ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂŵ Ă ĞǆŝƐƚġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ
/s͘ ;ͺsͺͿ K ĞƐƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ 'ŽŝĄƐ ŶĆŽ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ
ĐŽŵƉůĞƚŽ͕ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽăĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĂŶŽǀĂ
ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂů ĚĞ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ĞſůŝĐĂ͕ ƉŽŝƐ Ă
ǀŝĚĂ͘
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞĚĞǀĞŶƚŽƐƋƵĞŝŶĐŝĚĞƐŽďƌĞĂƌĞŐŝĆŽ
é ŝŶƐƵĨŝĐŝĞŶƚĞ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĂƚŝŶũĂ ǀŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ
ϯ͘
ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂǀŽůƚĂĚĂàƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ͘
/͘KǀſĐŝƚŽ^ĞĐƵŶĚĄƌŝŽ
;/sͿ ^ĆŽ ŽƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽƐ Ğ ŵſǀĞŝƐ ĚĞ
ϮϮ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ
ĐƌŝƉƚſŐĂŵĂƐ͘
ďŝŽĞŶĞƌŐŝĂĠŽŶŽŵĞĚĂĚŽăĞŶĞƌŐŝĂŽďƚŝĚĂƉŽƌ
//͘ ƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽǌŽŝĚĞ
ŵĞŝŽĚĂďŝŽŵĂƐƐĂ;ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚĂ
;/ͿƵŵĂĐĠůƵůĂŐƌĂŶĚĞ͕ŝŵſǀĞůĐŽŵĂƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂ
ƉĞůŽƐ ƐĞƌĞƐ ǀŝǀŽƐ Ğ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ
ĚĞŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůŶƵƚƌŝƚŝǀŽ͘
ĞŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂͿ͘ ƐƐĂ ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƐĞƌ
///͘ KŽƐĨĞƌĂ
ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂŶĂ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞ ĐĂůŽƌ͕ ĞůĞƚƌŝĐŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ
;//ͿƵŵĂĐĠůƵůĂƉĞƋƵĞŶĂ͕ŵſǀĞůĞĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵşĚĂ
ĐŽŵďƵƐƚşǀĞŝƐ͘ ŽŵŽ ǀĂŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ ĚĞƐƐĞ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ
ƉŽƌ ƚƌġƐ ƉĂƌƚĞƐ͗ ĐĂďĞĕĂ͕ ƉĞĕĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĄƌŝĂ Ğ
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĐŝƚĂƌ ƋƵĞ Ġ ƵŵĂ ĨŽŶƚĞ ĚĞ
ĐĂƵĚĂ͘
ĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ ƌĞŶŽǀĄǀĞů͕ ŐĞƌĂ ƉŽƵĐŽƐ ƉŽůƵĞŶƚĞƐ͕
/s͘ ŶƚĞƌŽǌſŝĚĞ
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ŵĞŶŽƌ ƌŝƐĐŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĂů͕ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞ
;///Ϳ'ĂŵĞƚĂƐĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽƐĚŽƐŐƌƵƉŽƐĚĞƉůĂŶƚĂƐ͘
ƉŽƵĐĂƐ ĞŵŝƐƐƁĞƐ ĚĞ ŐĂƐĞƐ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ƐƵĂ
ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͘
ϰ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
302
/ – 'ĂŵĞƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞŝƐ ƉŽƌ W1dh>KϬϯ

ĐĂƌƌĞŐĂƌĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂƐƋƵĞƐĞƌĆŽ
ƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝĚĂƐ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƵƚƌĂ͘ DE>,Z/dZ/
;KZZdͿ
//–ƵƌĂŶƚĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƌĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŝǀŽ͕ŽĐŽƌƌĞĂ ϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ
ĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŐĂŵĞƚĂ ĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽ ƉĞůŽ ĂĨŝƌŵĞƋƵĞŽŐĞŶĞƋƵĞƐſƐĞĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂĞŵĚŽƐĞ
ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ Ğ ƐĞƌĄ ĨŽƌŵĂĚŽ Ž ſǀƵůŽ͕ ƋƵĞ Ġ Ă ĚƵƉůĂ͕ƉŽŝƐŶĂƉƌĞƐĞŶĕĂĚĞƵŵĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ͕ĞůĞ
ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂĐĠůƵůĂĚŽĞŵďƌŝĆŽ͘;/EKZZd͕ƉŽŝƐ ƐĞƚŽƌŶĂŝŶĂƚŝǀŽĠĐŚĂŵĂĚŽĚĞƌĞĐĞƐƐŝǀŽ͘
Ă ĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ŐĂŵĞƚĂ ĨĞŵŝŶŝŶŽ ƉĞůŽ
ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽĨŽƌŵĂŽǌŝŐŽƚŽ͕ĞŶĆŽŽſǀƵůŽͿ Ϯ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ Ă
/// – KƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ Ƶŵ ƷŶŝĐŽ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ ƉĂƌĞŶƚĂů Ġ ĂƋƵĞůĂ ŽŶĚĞ ĞƐƚĆŽ ŽƐ
ĐŽŶũƵŶƚŽ ĚĞ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ͕ ŵĞƚĂĚĞ ĚĂ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐĚĞƵŵĂƉƌŽůĞĞŵĞƐƚƵĚŽ͘
ƋƵĂŶƚŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĐƌŽŵŽƐƐŽŵŽƐ ĚĂƐ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ƉſƐŽĐƌƵǌĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƐƐĞƐŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐƚĞƌĞŵŽƐ
ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ ŶŽ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽ͕ ƉŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ ƐĆŽ Ă ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ &ϭ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽƐ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƐ ĚĞ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ĚŝƉůſŝĚĞƐ͘ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ ĚĂ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ ƉĂƌĞŶƚĂů͘ :Ą Ă
;/EKZZd͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŽƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ƐĆŽ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ&ϮĠƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽĚĂĂƵƚŽĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽĚĂ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽƐĐĠůƵůĂƐĚŝƉůſŝĚĞƐͿ ŐĞƌĂĕĆŽ&ϭ͕ĞĂƐƐŝŵƐƵĐĞƐƐŝǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘
ϱ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ;'DdK'E^ – ϯ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ

'NE^–KsK'NE/^–d^d1h>K^Ϳ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ĚĞ DĞŶĚĞů ĨŽŝ
/–KƐŐĂŵĞƚĂƐƐĆŽĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐƉŽƌƵŵƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ ƉůĂŶƚĂƐ ĚĞ ĞƌǀŝůŚĂ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĚĞ 'DdK'E^ Ğŵ ſƌŐĆŽƐ ƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƐƐĞŵ Ƶŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƐĚĞ'NE^͘ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐĨĠƌƚĞŝƐ͘
// – EĂƐŵƵůŚĞƌĞƐ ĂƐ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ŐĞƌŵŝŶĂƚŝǀĂƐ ƐĆŽ
ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐKsK'NE/^ĞĞƐƚĆŽůŽĐĂůŝǌĂĚĂƐŶŽƐ ϰ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ Ɛ ĂƐƐĞƌçõĞƐ / Ğ // ƐãŽ
ŽǀĄƌŝŽƐ͘ EŽƐ ŚŽŵĞŶƐ͕ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĐĠůƵůĂƐ ƐĆŽ ƉƌŽƉŽƐŝçõĞƐ ǀĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌĂƐ͕ Ğ Ă // é ƵŵĂ
ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂƐĞƐƉĞƌŵĂƚŽŐƀŶŝĂƐĞƐĞůŽĐĂůŝǌĂŵ ũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝǀĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ ĚĂ /͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
ŶŽƐd^d1h>K^͘ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĞŶƚĞŶĚĂƋƵĞDĞŶĚĞůĠĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽ
ϲ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ĨƵƐĆŽ ĚŽƐ ŐĂŵĞƚĂƐ ŶĂ Ž ƉĂŝĚĂŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ͕ƉŽŝƐĚĞƐĐŽďƌŝƵǀĄƌŝĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐ
ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ƐĞǆƵĂĚĂ Ġ ĚĞŶŽŵŝŶĂĚĂ ƌĞůĂƚŝǀĂƐăŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͘WŽƌĐĂƵƐĂĚĞƐĞƵƐ
ĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ͘ ĞƐƚƵĚŽƐ Ğ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŵ ĞƌǀŝůŚĂƐ͕ Ă
ŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂĂǀĂŶĕŽƵĞŚŽũĞƚĞŵŽƐƵŵĂŝŶĨŝŶŝĚĂĚĞ
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303
ĚĞĂƌƚŝŐŽƐĞƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐŶĞƐƐĂĄƌĞĂƋƵĞƐĆŽƷƚĞŝƐ ĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ ;Ϳ Ğ Ž ŵĂĐŚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽƌ ŵĂƌƌŽŵ

ƉĂƌĂŽĞŶƚĞŶĚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚĂǀŝĚĂ͘ ƉŽƐƐƵŝŐĞŶſƚŝƉŽďď͘
ϱ͘ WZ/D/Z >Ğŝ ĚĞ DĞŶĚĞů Ěŝǌ ƋƵĞ ĂƐ

ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽ ƐĆŽ W1dh>KϬϰ
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚĂƐƉŽƌƵŵƉĂƌ ĚĞ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ;'E^Ϳ
ƋƵĞƐĆŽƐĞƉĂƌĂĚŽƐŶĂĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚŽƐ'Dd^ sK>hK
Ğ ƋƵĞ͕ ĂƉſƐ Ă ĨĞĐƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ͕ ĐĂĚĂ ĨĂƚŽƌ ĚĞ Ƶŵ
ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽ ƐĞ ƵŶĞ ĂŽ ĨĂƚŽƌ ĚĞ ŽƵƚƌŽ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽ ϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ
ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐĞŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ KD/E E/ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ĐŚĂŵĂĚĂƐ ĚĞ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ
ŽŶĚĞƵŵĂĚĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĠĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĂĚĂ͘ ŚŽŵſůŽŐĂƐ͘
ϲ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ Ϯ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ
ĞŶƚĞŶĚĂƋƵĞĂĐŽƌĐŝŶǌĂĠĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞƐŽďƌĞĂ ĂƌǁŝŶ ĨŽŝ Ƶŵ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ ŶĂƚƵƌĂůŝƐƚĂ ŝŶŐůġƐ
ĐŽƌďƌĂŶĐĂ͕ĞƉŽƌĞƐƐĞŵŽƚŝǀŽũĄƉŽĚĞŵŽƐĚŝǌĞƌ ƋƵĞ ǀŝǀĞƵ ŶŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽ ϭϵ͕ ůĞŵďƌĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ ƚĞƌ
ƋƵĞ Ž ŵĂĐŚŽ ƚĞŵ Ƶŵ ŐĞŶĞ ƌĞĐĞƐƐŝǀŽ͕ ĨŽƌŵƵůĂĚŽ Ă ƚĞŽƌŝĂ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͕ ƋƵĞ ĞǆƉůŝĐĂ
ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĂƐ ĚƵĂƐ ĨġŵĞĂƐ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ƉĞůŽ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ ĚĞ ĂŶŝŵĂŝƐ ƐĞ
ŵĞŶŽƐƵŵĚŽƐŐĞŶĞƐĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞƐ͕ƉŽŝƐĂŵďĂƐ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌĂŵĂŽůŽŶŐŽĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͕ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂ
ƚŝǀĞƌĂŵĨŝůŚŽƚĞƐĚĂĐŽƌĐŝŶǌĂ͘KĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽŶŽƐ ƉŽƌƚĞŽƌŝĂĚĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĂƚƵƌĂů͘
ĚŝƐƐĞƋƵĞĂƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂĨġŵĞĂƚĞǀĞĨŝůŚŽƚĞƐĚĂĐŽƌ
ďƌĂŶĐĂĞĚĂĐŽƌĐŝŶǌĂ͕ƐĞŶĚŽĂƐƐŝŵ͕ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ϯ͘ ;Ϳ
ĐŽŶĐůƵŝƌƋƵĞĞƐƐĂĨġŵĞĂƉŽƐƐƵŝƵŵĚŽƐŐĞŶĞƐ ;Ϳ
ĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ Ğ Ž ŽƵƚƌŽ ŐĞŶĞ ƌĞĐĞƐƐŝǀŽ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ ;Ϳ
ĞŶƚĆŽ ŚĞƚĞƌŽǌŝŐŽƚĂ ;ďͿ͘ ^ĞŶĚŽ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ
ŐĞŶſƚŝƉŽƐ ď ĚĞĨŝŶŝƌĆŽ Ă ĐŽƌ ĐŝŶǌĂ Ğ ŽƐ ϰ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘
ŐĞŶſƚŝƉŽƐ ďď ĚĞĨŝŶŝƌĆŽ Ă ĐŽƌ ďƌĂŶĐĂ͘ ŝĂŶƚĞ / – KƐ ſƌŐĆŽƐ ǀĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŝƐ͕ƉŽƌ ƐĞƌĞŵĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ
ĚŝƐƐŽ ĐŽŶĐůƵşŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ă ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ĨġŵĞĂ ƚĞŵ ĂƚƌŽĨŝĂĚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ƉŽƵĐŽ
ŐĞŶſƚŝƉŽď͕ƉŽŝƐƚĞǀĞ͕ĞŵƐƵĂĚĞƐĐĞŶĚġŶĐŝĂ͕ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂ͕ŶĆŽƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐĐŽŵŽ
ĨŝůŚŽƚĞƐ ĚĞ ĐŽƌ ĐŝŶǌĂ Ğ ĚĞ ĐŽƌ ďƌĂŶĐĂ͘ ĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͘ ;/EKZZd͕ ƉŽŝƐ ŽƐ
ZĞƚŽƌŶĂŶĚŽ ĂŽ ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂĚŽ ŵĂŝƐ ƵŵĂ ǀĞǌ͕ ſƌŐĆŽƐ ǀĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŝƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĚĞĨŝŶŝĚŽƐ
ǀĞŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ Ă ƐĞŐƵŶĚĂ ĨġŵĞĂ ƚĞǀĞ ĨŝůŚŽƚĞƐ ĐŽŵŽĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐĂƚƌŽĨŝĂĚĂƐƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵĞŵƵŵĂ
ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ĚĞ ĐŽƌ ĐŝŶǌĂ͘ EĞƐƐĞ ĐĂƐŽ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĨƵŶĕĆŽ ƉŽƵĐŽ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĆŽ
ĐŽŶĐůƵŝƌ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĂ ĨġŵĞĂ Ġ ŚŽŵŽǌŝŐŽƚĂ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐƵŵĂĞǀŝĚġŶĐŝĂĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽͿ
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
304
// – ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĂ ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕ W1dh>KϬϱ

ĞŶƵŶĐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐƋƵĞŽƐƚŽƌŶĂŵŵĂŝƐ ^>KEdhZ>
ĂƉƚŽƐ Ă ǀŝǀĞƌ Ğŵ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ ƚġŵ
ŵĂŝƐ ƉƌŽďĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƐĞ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌ Ğ ŐĞƌĂƌ ϭ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ
ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘;KZZdͿ ĂƌǁŝŶŶĆŽƉƀĚĞĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌƉƌĞĐŝƐĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵŽ
/// – KƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ǀŝǀŽƐ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵ ŽƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƉŽĚĞƌŝĂŵ ƉĂƐƐĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƚŽƌŶĂŵ ƐŝŵŝůĂƌĞƐ Ă ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ă ƉƌŽůĞ͘ ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚŽ
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞ ƐƵŐĞƌŝƌ ƋƵĞ͕ Ğŵ ĂůŐƵŵ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽ ŐĞŶĠƚŝĐŽ ĚĂ
ƉĞƌşŽĚŽ ĚĂ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂ ĚĂ ǀŝĚĂ ŶĂ dĞƌƌĂ͕ ĞůĞƐ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͕ ĚĂƐ ŵƵƚĂĕƁĞƐ Ğ
ĐŽŵƉĂƌƚŝůŚĂƌĂŵ Ƶŵ ĂŶĐĞƐƚƌĂů Ğŵ ĐŽŵƵŵ͘ ƌĞĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕƁĞƐ ŐġŶŝĐĂƐ͕ ĂůŐƵŵĂƐ ĚĂƐ ůĂĐƵŶĂƐ
;KZZdͿ ŶŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽĨŽƌĂŵĞƐĐůĂƌĞĐŝĚĂƐ͘
ϱ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂƉĞƐƐŽĂů͕ĞŶƚƌĞƚĂŶƚŽĞƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞ Ϯ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ

Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĂĨŝƌŵĞ ĞƐƐĞ ƉĞŶƐĂĚŽƌ͕ ĂŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂƌ ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů Ġ Ƶŵ ĚŽƐ
ĞƐƐĂ ĨƌĂƐĞ͕ ƉƌŽǀĂǀĞůŵĞŶƚĞ ƋƵŝƐ ƌĞǀĞůĂƌ ƋƵĞ Ž ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĂ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ͕ Ƶŵ
ƋƵĞ ƐŽŵŽƐ ĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ Ġ ƌĞƐƵůƚĂĚŽ ĚĞ Ƶŵ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĞŵƋƵĞŽƐŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐŵĂŝƐĂƉƚŽƐƐĆŽ
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ŵŝůŚƁĞƐ ĚĞ ĂŶŽƐ ĚĞ ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƐĞůĞĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐ͕ ƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀĞŵ ŶŽ ŵĞŝŽ͕
ƐĞƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ŝŶŝĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ĞƌĂŵ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵşĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵͲƐĞ Ğ ƉĂƐƐĂŵ ƐƵĂƐ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ
ƵŵĂ ĐĠůƵůĂ͘ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶƐĆŽ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ĂŽƐƐĞƵƐĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽ ďŝŽůſŐŝĐĂĚĂƐĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐŶŽƐƚƌĂǌƵŵĂ
ŶŽĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŽŶĚĞ ǀŝĞŵŽƐ͕ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ƐŽŵŽƐ ĐŽŵŽ ϯ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ;hƐŽĞĞƐƵƐŽ͘ͿƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞ
ƐŽŵŽƐŚŽũĞ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞƌĞƐƉŝƌĂŵŽƐ͕ƉŽƌƋƵĞƚĞŵŽƐ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ƌĞĨůŝƚĂ ƋƵĞ ƵƐŽ Ğ ĚĞƐƵƐŽ ƐĆŽ
ĞƐƐĞ ĨŽƌŵĂƚŽ ĚĞ ĐŽƌƉŽ͕ ĚĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚŽƐ ƉŽƌ >ĂŵĂƌĐŬ Ğŵ ƐƵĂ
ƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ Ă ŽƌŝŐĞŵ Ğ Ž ƚĞŽƌŝĂ͘
ĨƵƚƵƌŽĚĂŚŝƐƚſƌŝĂĚĂǀŝĚĂŶŽŶŽƐƐŽƉůĂŶĞƚĂ͘
ϰ͘ WĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů ŽĐŽƌƌĂ͕ ƐĆŽ
ϲ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐĂůŐƵŶƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͗
ĞŶƚĞŶĚĂƋƵĞŽƵƐŽĚŽƐĨſƐƐĞŝƐ͕ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂĂƚĠ sĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ͗ KƐ
ŵĞƐŵŽ ĞŶƚĞŶĚĞƌ ĂƐ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐ ĐůŝŵĄƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ŵĞƐŵĂ ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞ ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂŵ
ĠƉŽĐĂĞŵƋƵĞĂƋƵĞůĞŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽǀŝǀĞƵ͘ ƚĞƌǀĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐĞŵƐƵĂƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͘
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
305
ZĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĚĂ͗KƐŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐŵĂŝƐ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐ͕ƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂĐŽŵŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ĂĚĂƉƚĂĚŽƐ Ă ƵŵĂ ƌĞŐŝĆŽ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵͲƐĞ ĐŽŵ ĚĂ 'ĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ Ğ Ž ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů
ŵĂŝŽƌĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂƋƵĞŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ ŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĄƌŝŽ͘
,ĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ͗ƐĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐǀĂŶƚĂũŽƐĂƐ
ƐĆŽ ƉĂƐƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ ĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ Ϯ͘ Žŵ ďĂƐĞ Ğŵ ƐĞƵƐ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŵ
ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ ƐƵĂ ĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂ Ğŵ ƵŵĂ ĞƌǀŝůŚĂƐ͕ DĞŶĚĞů ŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐŽƵ ŽƐ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ
ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ͘ ƉĞůŽƐƋƵĂŝƐƐĞĚĄĂƚƌĂŶƐĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂĚĂƐƵŶŝĚĂĚĞƐ
ŚĞƌĚĄǀĞŝƐ ;ƋƵĞ ŚŽũĞ ĐŚĂŵĂŵŽƐ ĚĞ ŐĞŶĞƐͿ ă
ϱ͘ sZ//>/ – ,Z/dZ/ – ƉƌŽůĞĞƉƌŽƉƀƐĚƵĂƐůĞŝƐĚĞŚĞƌĞĚŝƚĂƌŝĞĚĂĚĞ;ůĞŝ
^W/–ZdZ1^d/^–/E/s/h/^ ĚĂ ƐĞŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽ Ğ ůĞŝ ĚĂ ƐĞŐƌĞŐĂĕĆŽ
/ – WĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ Ă ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů ŽĐŽƌƌĂ͕ ƐĆŽ ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞͿ͘
ŶĞĐĞƐƐĄƌŝŽƐ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͗ sZ//>/
ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐŝŶĚŝǀşĚƵŽƐ͕ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂĚĂĞ ϯ͘ ;Ϳ
,Z/dZ/͘ ;Ϳ
// – KƐ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ĚĞ ƵŵĂ ŵĞƐŵĂ ^W/ ;Ϳ
ƉƌĞĐŝƐĂŵ ƚĞƌ ǀĂƌŝĂĕƁĞƐ Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ
ZdZ1^d/^͘ ^Ğŵ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ ϰ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ;DhdK – D/'ZK –
/E/s/h/^͕ĂƐĞůĞĕĆŽŶĆŽƉŽĚĞƌŝĂĂƚƵĂƌ͘ sK>hd/sK–'E^Ϳ
/–ƚĞŽƌŝĂƐŝŶƚĠƚŝĐĂĚĂĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂǀĂă
ϲ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘'ĂƌĂŶƚŝĂĂƐŽďƌĞǀŝǀġŶĐŝĂĚŽƐ ƐĞůĞĕĆŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ŵĞĐĂŶŝƐŵŽƐ ƋƵĞ
ŵĂŝƐĂƉƚŽƐ͘ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚĂŵ Ž ƐƵƌŐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ŶŽǀĂƐ
ĞƐƉĠĐŝĞƐ͗ Ă DhdK͕ Ă ĚĞƌŝǀĂ ŐĞŶĠƚŝĐĂ Ğ Ă
ϳ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘^ĞůĞĕĆŽEĂƚƵƌĂů͘ D/'ZK͘
// – K ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ sK>hd/sK ƉĂƐƐŽƵ Ă ƐĞƌ
ĚĞƐĐƌŝƚŽŵĂƚĞŵĂƚŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵŽĂǀĂƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĂ
W1dh>KϬϲ ĨƌĞƋƵġŶĐŝĂĚĞ'E^ŶĂƐƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐĂŽůŽŶŐŽ
ĚŽƚĞŵƉŽ͘
dKZ/^/Edd/sK>hK
ϭ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞ ϱ͘ĂͿĂŵƵĨůĂŐĞŵ͘

ĂĨŝƌŵĞ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƐĂ ƚĞŽƌŝĂ Ġ Ž ŶĞŽĚĂƌǁŝŶŝƐŵŽ͕ ďͿ ĐĂŵƵĨůĂŐĞŵ ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵŝ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ƐƵĐĞƐƐŽ
ƵŵĂĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂĕĆŽĚĂƚĞŽƌŝĂĚĞĂƌǁŝŶĞŵ ĞǀŽůƵƚŝǀŽ ĚŽ ďŝĐŚŽͲƉĂƵ ƉŽƌƋƵĞ ĞůĞ ƐĞ ƚŽƌŶĂ
ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ăƐ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ ĚĞ ǀĂƌŝĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĂƐ ƐĞŵĞůŚĂŶƚĞ ĂŽ ŵĞŝŽ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ǀŝǀĞ Ğ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ͕
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
306
ƚŽƌŶĂͲƐĞ ŵĞŶŽƐ ǀŝƐşǀĞů ĂŽƐ ƐĞƵƐ ƉƌĞĚĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕

ĂƵŵĞŶƚĂŶĚŽ ƐƵĂ ĞǆƉĞĐƚĂƚŝǀĂ ĚĞ ǀŝĚĂ Ğ Ă
ĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŐĞƌĂƌĚĞƐĐĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ϲ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘DŝŵĞƚŝƐŵŽ͘
dƌĂƚĂͲƐĞĚĞƵŵĂĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂĂĚĂƉƚĂƚŝǀĂƋƵĞ
ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞ Ğŵ ŝŵŝƚĂƌ ŽƵƚƌŽ ƐĞƌ ƉĂƌĂ ŽďƚĞƌ
ǀĂŶƚĂŐĞŶƐ͘
ϳ͘ ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘ŚĂƌůĞƐĂƌǁŝŶ͘
/E/ÊdhZ^h^dEK>K'/^
307
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z ϵ͘
ĂͿ 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 14𝑥𝑥 + 2
DdDd/ – ϵΣŶŽ ďͿ ϳϮ͕ϬϬ
W1dh>Kϯ
ϭ͘ ϰϴĐŵ
Ϯ͘ ϮϱϬŵ
W1dh>Kϭ
ϯ͘ ϱϲŵ
ϰ͘ ϳ͕ϵ
ϭ͘ ϱ͘ ϰϴ͕ϯĐŵ
2
ĂͿ ϲ͘
9
35
ďͿ 99
2121
ĐͿ 999
Ϯ͘
29
ĂͿ 90
1083
ďͿ 300
1239
ĐͿ 99000
ϯ͘
3
ϰ͘ 2
ϱ͘
ĂͿ ϴϵ
ďͿ ϴϳ
ĐͿ ϴϴ
ϲ͘ Ϭ͕Ϯϲϲϲ͘͘͘
212
ϳ͘ 11
W1dh>KϮ
ϭ͘
ĂͿ ϭϱϱϬ͕ϮϬϬϬ͕ϮϵϬϬ
ďͿ 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 45𝑥𝑥 + 200
Ϯ͘ ϭϴϱ͕ϮϮϱ͕Ϯϴϱ
ϯ͘
ĂͿ ϭϭϬ͕ϭϲϬ͕ϮϭϬ
ďͿ 𝑃𝑃(ℎ) = 65 + 25ℎ
ĐͿ WĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ͕ŚŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ
ϰ͘ ϭϲ͕ϭϬ
ϱ͘ ϱϰϴϬϬ
ϲ͘ ℎ(𝑑𝑑) = 20 + 2,5𝑑𝑑
ϳ͘ ϭϰϲϬϬϬ
ϴ͘ ϰ͕ϰϬ
DdDd/ ^h^dEK>K'/^
308
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z ĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞƉĂƌĂŽƐĞƵƌŽƉĞƵƐ͕ĐŽŵŽ/ŶŐůĂƚĞƌƌĂĞ
'K'Z&/ &ƌĂŶĕĂ͘
ϯ͘ KƐ ĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ ůŽĐĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ƐĆŽ ĐƌƵĐŝĂŝƐ ŶĂ

ĚĞĐŝƐĆŽ ĚĞ ŽŶĚĞ ŝŶƐƚĂůĂƌ ƵŵĂ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂ͘
/ŶĐůƵĞŵĂĚŝƐƉŽŶŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ͕
ŵĆŽĚĞŽďƌĂ͕ŝŶĐĞŶƚŝǀŽƐĨŝƐĐĂŝƐ͕ŝŶĨƌĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ
ϭ͘YƵĂŶĚŽƵŵĂĄƌĞĂĂŶƚĞƐŶĆŽŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĚĂ ĚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ͕ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƌ͕ ĨŽŶƚĞƐ
ƌĞĐĞďĞ Ƶŵ ƌĞůĂƚŝǀŽ ŶƷŵĞƌŽ ĚĞ ĨĄďƌŝĐĂƐ͕ Ă ĚĞĞŶĞƌŐŝĂ͕ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƌĞƐĞ͕ Ğŵ
ƚĞŶĚġŶĐŝĂĠƌĞĐĞďĞƌŵĂŝƐŵŝŐƌĂŶƚĞƐƉĂƌĂĂƐƵĂ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĐĂƐŽƐ͕ Ă ƉƌŽǆŝŵŝĚĂĚĞ ĐŽŵ ĐĞŶƚƌŽƐ ĚĞ
ĄƌĞĂ͕ĂĐĞůĞƌĂŶĚŽĂƐƵĂƵƌďĂŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘ŽŵŵĂŝƐ ƉĞƐƋƵŝƐĂ͘
ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐƌĞƐŝĚŝŶĚŽĞŵƵŵŵĞƐŵŽůŽĐĂů͕ŐĞƌĂͲ
ƐĞŵĂŝƐƉƌŽĐƵƌĂƉĞůĂĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂů ĞŶŽ ϰ͘ŶƚĞŶĚĞͲƐĞƉŽƌŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ
ƐĞƚŽƌ ĚĞ ƐĞƌǀŝĕŽƐ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĞ ĞǆƉĂŶĚĞŵ Ğ ĚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ Ğŵ
ƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵ ŵĂŝƐ ĞŵƉƌĞŐŽƐ͘ ŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌŝĂƐ ŽƵ ďĞŶƐ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ;ĞƐƐĞƐ
ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽƐ͕ ŵĞŶĐŝŽŶĂͲƐĞ Ă ŵĂŝŽƌ ƷůƚŝŵŽƐ ƉŽĚĞŶĚŽ ƐĞƌ ŶŽǀĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ĂƌƌĞĐĂĚĂĕĆŽ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞ ŝŵƉŽƐƚŽƐ ;ĞŵďŽƌĂ͕ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĚŽƐͿ ƉŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚŽ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ͕ ĚŽ
ƋƵĂƐĞ ƐĞŵƉƌĞ͕ ĂƐ ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ ŶĆŽ ĞŵƉƌĞŐŽĚĞĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĞĚŽŝŶǀĞƐƚŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵĂŵƚĂŶƚŽĐŽŵĞƐƐĞĂƐƉĞĐƚŽͿ͘ ĚĞ ĐĂƉŝƚĂů͘ KďǀŝĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ Ž ĐƌĞƐĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĂ
ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀŽƐ ĚĂ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůĂƵŵĞŶƚŽƵĂĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƉŽƌ
ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĐŝƚĂƌ ŽƐ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐĞŵĂŝƐƌĞĐƵƌƐŽƐŶĂƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ƉŽƌ
ŐĞƌĂĚŽƐ ƐŽďƌĞ Ž ŵĞŝŽ ĂŵďŝĞŶƚĞ͕ ŚĂũĂ ǀŝƐƚĂ ŝƐƐŽ Ž ƐĞƌ ŚƵŵĂŶŽ ƉĂƐƐŽƵ Ă ĞǆƉůŽƌĂƌ ĂŝŶĚĂ
ƋƵĞ͕ Ă ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞƌ ĚŽ ƚŝƉŽ ĚĞ ĨĄďƌŝĐĂ Ğ ĚĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ Ă ŶĂƚƵƌĞǌĂ Ğ͕ ƐŽďƌĞ ĞůĂ Ğ Ž ĞƐƉĂĕŽ Ğŵ
ŝŶĨƌĂĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ĞůĂ ŽĨĞƌĞĐŝĚĂƐ͕ ƐĆŽ ŐĞƌĂů͕ ƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌ ĐĂĚĂ ǀĞǌ ŵĂŝƐ ŝŶƚĞƌǀĞŶĕƁĞƐ Ğ
ŐĞƌĂĚŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ ƉŽůƵĞŶƚĞƐ ŶĂ ĂƚŵŽƐĨĞƌĂ Ğ ŶŽƐ ŝŵƉĂĐƚŽƐ͘ EĂ ǀŝƐĆŽ ĚĞ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ĂƵƚŽƌĞƐ ŶŽ
ƐŽůŽƐ Ğ ĐƵƌƐŽƐ ĚΖĄŐƵĂ͘ ůĠŵ ĚŝƐƐŽ͕ ŽƐ ĐĂŵƉŽĚĂƐŝġŶĐŝĂƐ,ƵŵĂŶĂƐ͕ŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞ
ŝŶĐĞŶƚŝǀŽƐ ĨŝƐĐĂŝƐ ŽĨĞƌĞĐŝĚŽƐ ƉĞůŽ ƉŽĚĞƌ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ Ġ ƐŝŶƀŶŝŵŽ ĚĂ ĞƌĂ ĚĂ
ƉƷďůŝĐŽ ƐĆŽ ĐƌŝƚŝĐĂĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ĨĂǌĞƌ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ Ă ŵŽĚĞƌŶŝĚĂĚĞ͕ ŽƵ ƐĞũĂ͕ Ă ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂƐ
ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ ĂƌƋƵĞ ŵĂŝƐ ĐŽŵ ŽƐ ŝŵƉŽƐƚŽƐ ĚŽ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞƐŵĂƌĐĂ͕ĂƐƐŝŵ͕ĂŝŶƐĞƌĕĆŽĚĞůĂƐŶŽ
ƋƵĞĂƐŐƌĂŶĚĞƐĞŵƉƌĞƐĂƐ͘ ŵƵŶĚŽŵŽĚĞƌŶŽ͘
Ϯ͘ ďͿ sĞƌĚĂĚĞŝƌŽ – Ă ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĐůĄƐƐŝĐĂ ϱ͘WŽĚĞŵŽƐĚŝǌĞƌƋƵĞĞǆŝƐƚĞŵƚƌġƐƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ
ĨŽŝ ƚşƉŝĐĂ ĚĞ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͕ ĐŽŵ ƚŝƉŽƐĚĞŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ͕ĐůĂƐƐŝĨŝĐĂĚĂƐĐŽŵďĂƐĞŶŽƐ
/E/^,hDE^^K//^W>/^
309
ƚŝƉŽƐ ĚĞ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌŝĂƐ͕ ŚĂǀĞŶĚŽ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵ͕ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ Ğ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ĐƌŝĂŶĚŽ

ŝŶƷŵĞƌĂƐ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĚŝǀŝƐĆŽ ĚĂ ĚŝǀŝƐƁĞƐ Ğ ŚŝĞƌĂƌƋƵŝĂ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ
ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů͘ŽŵďĂƐĞŶĞƐƐĞĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽ͕ ƉĂşƐĞƐ͘ ƐƐĞ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ĐƌŝĂ ƵŵĂ ƐĞƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ
ŽƐƚŝƉŽƐĚĞŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐƐĆŽ͗ĚĞďĂƐĞ͕ĚĞďĞŶƐĚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞŽƐƉĂşƐĞƐĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐƋƵĞĐŽŵƉƁĞŵ
ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽĚƵƌĄǀĞŝƐĞĚĞďĞŶƐĚĞĐŽŶƐƵŵŽŶĆŽ ŽƐ ĐĞŶƚƌŽƐ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ Ğ ŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ
ĚƵƌĄǀĞŝƐ͘/ŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐĚĞďĂƐĞ͗ƐĆŽĂƋƵĞůĞƐƚŝƉŽƐ ƐƵďĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ͕ ƉĞƌŝĨĠƌŝĐŽƐ͘ Žŵ ďĂƐĞ ŶĂ
ĚĞŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐƋƵĞĨĂďƌŝĐĂŵŽƐĐŚĂŵĂĚŽƐďĞŶƐ /d͕ ĐĂĚĂ ƉĂşƐ ĚĞƐĞŵƉĞŶŚĂ Ƶŵ ƉĂƉĞů
ĚĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ͕ŝƐƚŽĠ͕ĂƋƵĞůĞƐƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐƋƵĞŶĆŽ ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐŽ͕ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ƵŵĂ ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ ƋƵĞ Ž
ƐĆŽ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂƐ ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͕ ŵĂƐ ƚŽƌŶĂ ŵĂŝƐ͕ ŽƵ ŵĞŶŽƐ͕ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞ
ĞŵƉƌĞŐĂĚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞŶŽĐĞŶĄƌŝŽŐůŽďĂů͘
ĨĂďƌŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌŝĂƐ͘ WŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ
ŵĄƋƵŝŶĂƐ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂŝƐ ŽƵ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ ϳ͘ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘
ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĚĂƐ͕ƚĂŝƐĐŽŵŽŽĂůƵŵşŶŝŽ͕ŽĨĞƌƌŽ͕
ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ͘ /ŶĐůƵŝͲƐĞ Ăş͕ ƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ĂƐ ϴ͘EĂƐŵĞƚƌſƉŽůĞƐ;ĐĞŶƚƌŽͿ͕ĞƌĂĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂ
chamadas “indústrias extrativas”, ou seja, Ă ŵĂŶƵĨĂƚƵƌĂ Ğ Ž ĐŽŵĠƌĐŝŽ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂ
ĂƋƵĞůĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĂƚƵĂŵ ŶŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽƌĞƐ ůŝǀƌĞƐ ŽƵ
ƌĞĨŝŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ŽƵ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲ ŝŶĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚĞƐ͘ :Ą ŶĂƐ ĐŽůƀŶŝĂƐ ;ƉĞƌŝĨĞƌŝĂƐͿ͕
ƉƌŝŵĂƐƌĞĐĠŵͲĞǆƚƌĂşĚĂƐ͕ƚĂŝƐĐŽŵŽŽƉĞƚƌſůĞŽ ĞƌĂŵĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂƐĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞƐĚĞĞǆƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽ
Ğ ƚŽĚŽƐ ŽƐ ŵŝŶĞƌĂŝƐ͘ /ŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ ĚĞ ďĞŶƐ Ğ ĞǆƚƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂͲƉƌŝŵĂ ĐŽŵ Ž ƵƐŽ ĚŽ
ĚƵƌĄǀĞŝƐ͗ ƐĆŽ ĂƐ ŝŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐ ƋƵĞ ĂƚƵĂŵ ŶĂ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĞƐĐƌĂǀŽ͘ƉĂƌƚŝƌĚŽƐĠĐƵůŽys///͕ĚĄͲ
ĨĂďƌŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐŶĆŽƉĞƌĞĐşǀĞŝƐ͕ŝƐƚŽĠ͕ ƐĞ ŝŶşĐŝŽ ĂŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĂ
ƋƵĞƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ƵŵĂ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ǀŝĚĂ Ʒƚŝů͕ ĐŽŵŽŽƐ ƵƌŽƉĂ͕ĐƌĞƐĐĞĂƉƌŽƉŽƌĕĆŽĚĞƚƌĂďĂůŚĂĚŽƌĞƐ
ĂƵƚŽŵſǀĞŝƐ͕ ŽƐ ĞůĞƚƌŽĞůĞƚƌƀŶŝĐŽƐ͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐƐĂůĂƌŝĂĚŽƐ ĐŽŵ Ž ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĚĞ
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘/ŶĚƷƐƚƌŝĂƐĚĞďĞŶƐŶĆŽĚƵƌĄǀĞŝƐ͗ƐĆŽĂƐ ƉƌĞĞŶĐŚŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽƐ ƉŽƐƚŽƐ ĚĞ ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽ ŶĂƐ
ƋƵĞ ƉƌŽĚƵǌĞŵ ŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌŝĂƐ ƉĞƌĞĐşǀĞŝƐ͕ ŽƵ ĨĄďƌŝĐĂƐ͘ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽŶĂƐĐŽůƀŶŝĂƐ͕ŵĂŶƚĠŵͲƐĞŽ
ƐĞũĂ͕ ƋƵĞ ƐĆŽ ƌĂƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŝĚĂƐ͕ Ă ƚƌĂďĂůŚŽĚĞŵĆŽͲĚĞͲŽďƌĂĞƐĐƌĂǀŝǌĂĚĂ͕ǀŽůƚĂĚĂ
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽĚŽƐĂůŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĚŽǀĞƐƚƵĄƌŝŽĞŽƵƚƌŽƐ͘ ƉĂƌĂĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĚĞďĞŶƐƉƌŝŵĄƌŝŽƐ͕ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽ
ĂŐƌşĐŽůĂƐ͕ĚĞƐƚŝŶĂĚĂĂŽŵĞƌĐĂĚŽĞǆƚĞƌŶŽ͘
ϲ͘ŝǀŝƐĆŽ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂůĚŽdƌĂďĂůŚŽ;/dͿĠ
Ž ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĞƐĐƌĞǀĞƌ Ă ĨŽƌŵĂ ϵ͘ ĐͿ &ĂůƐŽ – EĆŽ ŚĄ ĐŽŶĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂƐ
ƉĞůĂ ƋƵĂů ƐĞ ĚĆŽ ŽƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ ĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐƉĂƌĂƐĞĚĞĨŝŶŝƌŽƋƵĞĐĂĚĂƉĂşƐ
ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ŶŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ Ğ ĄƌĞĂƐ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ͘ ĚĞǀĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝƌ͕ƐĂůǀŽĂůŐƵŶƐƉĞƋƵĞŶŽƐĂĐŽƌĚŽƐ
ĂĚĂ ƚĞƌƌŝƚſƌŝŽ ƉŽƐƐƵŝ ƵŵĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂ
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ŶŽ ąŵďŝƚŽ ĚĂ KD Ğ ŶŽ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ĚĞ ŶĂƐ ƐĞƌ ƐĞƉĂƌĂĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ Ƶŵ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽ ŶĂƚƵƌĂů͕
ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĚŽƐďůŽĐŽƐĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͘ ŽƐDŽŶƚĞƐhƌĂŝƐ;ƌĞůĞǀŽŵŽŶƚĂŶŚŽƐŽͿ͘

ϭϬ͘ ĂͿ ŽƌƌĞƚŽ – ŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚŽ ĞŝǆŽ ĚŽ EŽƌƚĞ ϭϰ͘EŽƚĞǆƚŽĐŝƚĂĚŽ͕ƋƵĂŶĚŽŽĂƵƚŽƌƐĞƵƚŝůŝǌĂ
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƉŽƐƐƵĞŵŵĂŝŽƌW/ĞƌĞŶĚĂƉĞƌ da expressão “graus diferentes”, ele faz
ĐĂƉŝƚĂ ĐŽŵ ƵŵĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ ďĞŵ ŵĞŶŽƌ͕ ƌĞĨĞƌġŶĐŝĂ ă ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞƐŝŐƵĂů ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ Ă
ĨůĂŐƌĂŶƚĞ ĚĂ ĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƌŝƋƵĞǌĂ ŶŽ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĂƚŝŶŐĞ ĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌƚĞƐ ĚŽ
ŵƵŶĚŽ͘ ŵƵŶĚŽ͘ŵƌĞŐƌĂ͕ĞůĂŽĐŽƌƌĞƵƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂŵĞŶƚĞ
ŶŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ Ƶŵ
ϭϭ͘ &şƐŝĐŽƐ͗ hŶŝĨŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĄƌĞĂƐ ĐŽŵ ŵĂŝŽƌ ĚŽŵşŶŝŽ Ğ ƉŽƐƐĞ ĚĂƐ ŵĂŝƐ ĂǀĂŶĕĂĚĂƐ
ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĨşƐŝĐĂƐ ĐŽŵƵŶƐ͘ ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂƐ͘>ĞƚƌĂ͘
^ŽĐŝŽĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽƐ͗ ĂƐĞĂĚŽƐ Ğŵ ĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐ
ƐŽĐŝĂŝƐĐŽŵŽŝĚŝŽŵĂ͕ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵŝĕĆŽĚĞƌŝƋƵĞǌĂ͕ ϭϱ͘ EĆŽ ĞǆŝƐƚĞ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶƐĞŶƐŽ ƐŽďƌĞ ƋƵĂů Ġ Ă
Ğ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘ ZĞůŝŐŝŽƐŽƐ͗ ŐƌƵƉĂŵĞŶƚŽ ŽƌŝŐĞŵĚŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͘KƚĞƌŵŽ
ďĂƐĞĂĚŽ Ğŵ ĐƌĞŶĕĂƐ ƉƌĞĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞƐ͘ Ğŵ Ɛŝ Ɛſ ǀĞŝŽ Ă ƐĞƌ ĞůĂďŽƌĂĚŽ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂ
WŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ͗ ŝǀŝƐƁĞƐ ŝĚĞŽůſŐŝĐĂƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϵϴϬ͕ ƚĞŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ŵĂŝŽƌ ĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ
ŽďƐĞƌǀĂĚŽ ŶĂ 'ƵĞƌƌĂ &ƌŝĂ͘ 'ĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐŽƐ͗ ĂƉſƐ Ă ƋƵĞĚĂĚŽDƵƌŽĚĞ Ğƌůŝŵ Ğ ŽĨŝŵ ĚĂ
>ŽĐĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĞƐƉĂĐŝĂů ŽƵ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐ 'ƵĞƌƌĂ &ƌŝĂ͘ EŽ ĞŶƚĂŶƚŽ͕ ƐĆŽ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ŽƐ
ŐĞŽŐƌĄĨŝĐĂƐĞƐƉĞĐşĨŝĐĂƐ͘ ĂƵƚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞŵ ƋƵĞ Ă ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
ƚĞŶŚĂ ƐĞ ŝŶŝĐŝĂĚŽ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂ ĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ
ϭϮ͘ůƚĞƌŶĂƚŝǀĂ͘EŽĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽĚĂ'ƵĞƌƌĂ&ƌŝĂ͕ ŵĂƌşƚŝŵŽͲĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂů ĞƵƌŽƉĞŝĂ͕ ŶŽ ĨŝŶĂů ĚŽ
ŚŽƵǀĞ Ă ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ƉĂşƐĞƐ Ğŵ ƐĠĐƵůŽysĞŝŶşĐŝŽĚŽƐĠĐƵůŽys/͕ŵŽŵĞŶƚŽŶŽ
ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ͕ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ Ğ ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŽ ŵƵŶĚŽƐ͘ ƋƵĂůŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐƚĂŝŶŝĐŝŽƵƐƵĂĞǆƉĂŶƐĆŽ
WƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͗ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐƚĂƐ ƉĞůŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͘ WŽƌƚĂŶƚŽ͕ Ă ƚşƚƵůŽ ĚĞ ƐşŶƚĞƐĞ͕
ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐ ŽƵ ƌŝĐŽƐ͖ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͗ ƉŽĚĞŵŽƐ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂƌ ƋƵĞ͕ ƐĞ Ă ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ
ƉĂşƐĞƐ ƐŽĐŝĂůŝƐƚĂƐ͖ ƚĞƌĐĞŝƌŽ ŵƵŶĚŽ͗ ƉĂşƐĞƐ ŝŶŝĐŝŽƵͲƐĞ ŚĄ ĐĞƌĐĂ ĚĞ ĐŝŶĐŽ ƐĠĐƵůŽƐ
ĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐƚĂƐƐƵďĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚŽƐŽƵƉŽďƌĞƐ͘ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĞůĂ ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚŽƵͲƐĞ ĚĞ
ĨŽƌŵĂŵĂŝƐĞůĂďŽƌĂĚĂĞĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝĚĂĂŽůŽŶŐŽ
ϭϯ͘ WŽĚĞͲƐĞ ĐŝƚĂƌ Ă ƐĞƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ƐŝĂ Ğ ĚŽƐ ƷůƚŝŵŽƐ ϱϬ ĂŶŽƐ͕ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝƌ ĚĂ ƐĞŐƵŶĚĂ
ƵƌŽƉĂ͘ ŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ ĐŽŶƚŝŶĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĞƐƚĆŽ ŵĞƚĂĚĞĚŽƐĠĐƵůŽyyĞŵĚŝĂŶƚĞ͘
ƉƌſǆŝŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŐƌĂĨŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ƉŽƌĠŵ
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵĨŽƌŵĂƐĚĞĐŽůŽŶŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐĞ ϭϲ͘ ĐƵƐĂͲƐĞ Ă ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂƌ
ĞƚŶŝĂƐƋƵĞĂƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂŵĞŶƚƌĞƐŝĞĨŝǌĞƌĂŵͲ ƵŵĂĚĞƐŝŐƵĂůĨŽƌŵĂĚĞĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽĞŶƚƌĞŽƐ
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ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƚĞƌƌŝƚſƌŝŽƐ͕ Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ͕ ŵĞŝŽƐ ĚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞƐ Ğ ƚĞůĞĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕƁĞƐ͕

ǀĂůŽƌĞƐ ŵŽƌĂŝƐ͕ ƉƌŝŶĐşƉŝŽƐ ĞĚƵĐĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ĐŽŵĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞƉĂƌĂŽƐĂǀĂŶĕŽƐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ
ŽƵƚƌŽƐ ƐĆŽ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵǌŝĚŽƐ ŽďĞĚĞĐĞŶĚŽ Ă ƵŵĂ ĚĂƐƷůƚŝŵĂƐĚĠĐĂĚĂƐ͘
ŝĚĞŽůŽŐŝĂ ĚŽŵŝŶĂŶƚĞ͘ EĞƐƐĞ ƐĞŶƚŝĚŽ͕ ĨŽƌŵĂͲ
ƐĞ͕ ƐĞŐƵŶĚŽ ĞƐƐĂƐ ŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐ͕ ƵŵĂ ŚĞŐĞŵŽŶŝĂ ϭϵ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů͘ ƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞ ƋƵĞ Ž
Ğŵ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĐĞŶƚƌŽƐ ĚĞ ƉŽĚĞƌ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞĐŽŶƐŝŐĂƐĞƌĞĐŽŶŚĞĐĞƌĐŽŵŽĂŐĞŶƚĞ
ĞǆĞƌĐĞŵƵŵĐŽŶƚƌŽůĞŽƵƵŵĂŵĂŝŽƌŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ ĂƚŝǀŽŶŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĚĞŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚŽ
ƐŽďƌĞ ĂƐ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŵĞŶŽƐ ĐŽŶƐƵŵŽĚĞƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐĞŵĞƌĐĂĚŽƌŝĂƐĞŵƐƵĂƐ
ĨĂǀŽƌĞĐŝĚĂƐ͕ŽďůŝƚĞƌĂŶĚŽ͕ĂƐƐŝŵ͕ƐƵĂƐŵĂƚƌŝǌĞƐ ŵĂŝƐǀĂƌŝĂĚĂƐĨŽƌŵĂƐ͘
ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͘
ŶƚƌĞŽƐĂƐƉĞĐƚŽƐƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŽƐĚĂŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕Ġ ϮϬ͘ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ͕ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶƚĞŵĞŶƚĞ ĐŝƚĂĚĂ
ĐŽŵƵŵĐŝƚĂƌŽƐĂǀĂŶĕŽƐƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƐƉĞůĂ ƉĂƌĂĞǆƉůŝĐĂƌĂĚŝŶąŵŝĐĂĂƚƵĂůĚŽĐĂƉŝƚĂůŝƐŵŽ
ĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚŽƐŵĞŝŽƐƚĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ͕ďĞŵĐŽŵŽĂ ŵƵŶĚŝĂů͕ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ Ă ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ͕ ƚŽƚĂů ŽƵ
ŵĂŝŽƌ ĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͘ ƐƐŝŵ͕ ƉŽƌ ƉĂƌĐŝĂů͕ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƌĞŐŝƁĞƐ ĚŽ ƉůĂŶĞƚĂ͕
ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ƐĞĂĐƵƌĂƉĂƌĂƵŵĂĚŽĞŶĕĂŐƌĂǀĞĠ ŝŶƚĞŶƐŝĨŝĐĂĚĂ ƉĞůŽƐ ĂǀĂŶĕŽƐ Ğŵ ĐŽŵƵŶŝĐĂĕĆŽ
ĚĞƐĐŽďĞƌƚĂ ŶŽ :ĂƉĆŽ͕ ĞůĂ Ġ ƌĂƉŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ Ğ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ͘ ƐƐĂ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ ŐůŽďĂů Ġ Ƶŵ
ĚŝĨƵŶĚŝĚĂ ;Ă ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞƌ ĚŽ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚŽ ƐŽĐŝĂů Ğ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĐŽŶƚşŶƵŽ͕ ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽ ƉŽƌ ƵŵĂ
ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽͿ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ƉĂƌƚĞƐ ĚŽ ĐƌĞƐĐĞŶƚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶĞǆĆŽ ƐŽĐŝŽĞƐƉĂĐŝĂů Ğŵ
ƉůĂŶĞƚĂ͘ KƵƚƌŽƐ ƉŽŶƚŽƐ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚŽƐ ĞƐĐĂůĂŐůŽďĂů͘
ǀĂŶƚĂũŽƐŽƐ ĚĂ ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽ ƐĆŽ Ă ŵĂŝŽƌ
ĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ ĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂů Ğ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĚĞ Ϯϭ͘ KƐ ĂǀĂŶĕŽƐ ƚĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ ƚġŵ ŶŽƐ
ŝŶǀĞƐƚŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ĞŶƚƌĞĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐŽƵƚƌŽƐĨĂƚŽƌĞƐ͘ ĂƉƌŽǆŝŵĂĚŽ͕ƐĞũĂĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚŽƵƉĞůŽ
ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞƌĄƉŝĚŽ͕ΗĞŶĐƵƌƚĂŶĚŽΗĚŝƐƚąŶĐŝĂƐ͘
ϭϳ͘ ZĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ĐŽƌƌĞƚĂ͗ Ͳ ƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ ŽƐ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ĂƐƐŝƐƚŝƌ ŶŽƚşĐŝĂƐ Ğŵ ƚĞŵƉŽ
ĂǀĂŶĕŽƐ ƚĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐŽƐ ŶŽƐ ĚĞŝǆĂŵ ĐĂĚĂ ǀĞǌ ƌĞĂůĚĞƋƵĂůƋƵĞƌƉĂƌƚĞĚŽŵƵŶĚŽŽƵĂĚƋƵŝƌŝƌ
ŵĂŝƐ ƉƌſǆŝŵŽƐ͕ ƐĞũĂ ƉĞůĂ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ŽƵ ƉĞůĂ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƐ ĚĞĚŝǀĞƌƐŽƐƉĂşƐĞƐ ĞǆĞŵƉůŝĨŝĐĂ ĞƐƚĂ
ǀĞůŽĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚŽƐ ŵĞŝŽƐ ĚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĞ ƋƵĞ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂĕĆŽ͘ ĞƌĂ ĚĂ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ
“encurtam” as distâncias e facilitam os ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞ ƵŵĂ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀĂ ĚŽ
ĚĞƐůŽĐĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ͘ ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕ ƉĞƌŵŝƚŝŶĚŽ Ă ƚƌŽĐĂ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂů
ŐůŽďĂů͘
ϭϴ͘ŐůŽďĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚĞĂƵŵƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ
ĚŝŶąŵŝĐŽ ĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ŶĂĕƁĞƐ͕
ƉƌŽƉŽƌĐŝŽŶĂĚŽƉĞůŽƐƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐŽƐƚĠĐŶŝĐŽƐĚŽƐ
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ƉŽƌ ŝƐƐŽ͕ ƋƵĞƌŝĂŵ ƚĞƌ Ž ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ

ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ ŽƉŝŶŝƁĞƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ
ƉƵďůŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞ͘
• /ŶƚĞƌŶĂŵĞŶƚĞ͕ ĂƐ ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕƁĞƐ
KDWKEEdhZZ/h>Z,/^dMZ/
ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ƐĞ ƌĞƵŶŝƌĂŵ ĂŽ ƌĞĚŽƌ ĚĂ
Ϭϵǐ^Z/ͲϬϭǐ/D^dZͲϮϬϮϰ ŝĚĞŽůŽŐŝĂƉŽƐŝƚŝǀŝƐƚĂ͘
• ĞǆŝŐġŶĐŝĂƉĞůĂŵŽĚĞƌŶŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƉĂşƐ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽ/– WƌŽĐůĂŵĂĕĆŽĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĨĞǌ ĐŽŵ ƋƵĞ ŵƵŝƚŽƐ ĐŝǀŝƐ Ğ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ
ĞŶǆĞƌŐĂƐƐĞŵ ŶĂ ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ Ă ƐŽůƵĕĆŽ
ϭ͘ ƉĂƌĂŽƉĂşƐ͕ƵŵĂǀĞǌƋƵĞĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ
• /ŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ĐŽŵ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă ƐĞƌ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂĚĂ ĐŽŵŽ
ƐĂůĄƌŝŽƐĞĐŽŵĂĐĂƌƌĞŝƌĂ͕ĂůĠŵĚĞĞůĞƐ ŝŶĐĂƉĂǌƉĂƌĂĂƐĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƐĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ͘
ĞǆŝŐŝƌĞŵ Ž ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ • ,ĂǀŝĂ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ĞǆŝŐġŶĐŝĂƐ ĞŶƚƌĞ ŽƐ
ƉŽƐŝĕƁĞƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ;ĂůŐŽ ƋƵĞ ƚŝŶŚĂ ƐŝĚŽ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ƉĂƌĂ ƋƵĞ Ž ƌĂƐŝů ƐĞ
ƉƌŽŝďŝĚŽƉĞůĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂͿ͘ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚĞƐƐĞĞŵƵŵƉĂşƐůĂŝĐŽ͘
• ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ ĞƐƚĄ Ϯ͘ K ƌĞŐŝŵĞ ŵŽŶĄƌƋƵŝĐŽ ĐŽŵĞĕŽƵ Ă
ĚŝƌĞƚĂŵĞŶƚĞ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂĚĂ ĐŽŵ Ă ĞŶƚƌĂƌ Ğŵ ĚĞĐĂĚġŶĐŝĂ ůŽŐŽ ĂƉſƐ Ž Ĩŝŵ ĚĂ
ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚĂĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĕĆŽ͘ 'ƵĞƌƌĂĚŽWĂƌĂŐƵĂŝ͕ĞŵϭϴϳϬ͕ŽƋƵĞƌĞƐƵůƚŽƵ
• ĞƐĐŽŶƚĞŶƚĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĞůŝƚĞƐ ĚĂŝŶĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂĚĞĂƚĞŶĚĞƌĂŽƐ
ĞŵĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŵ Ă ƐƵďͲƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕĆŽ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐ Ğ ĂƐ ĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƐ ĚĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ
ŶĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͘ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘
• 'ƌƵƉŽƐ ŶĂ ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ĐŽŵĞĕĂǀĂŵ Ă ϯ͘ >ĞƚƌĂͲ DĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ
ĞǆŝŐŝƌ ŵĂŝŽƌ ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽ ƉĞůĂ ǀŝĂ ϰ͘ ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĠƉĞƐƐŽĂů– ĞƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞŽƐ
ĞůĞŝƚŽƌĂů͘ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĂŵ ƋƵĞ Ž ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ
• ƋƵĞƐƚĆŽĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƚĂŵďĠŵƐŽŵŽƵ ƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ ĨŽŝ Ƶŵ ŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƋƵĞ ƚĞǀĞ ƐĞƵ
ĨŽƌĕĂƐĂŽŵŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽƌĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͘ ŝŶşĐŝŽĞŵϭϴϳϬ͕ĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĂĨƵŶĚĂĕĆŽĚŽůƵďĞ
• ƐƐĞƐ ŐƌƵƉŽƐ ƐĞ ƵŶŝƌĂŵ Ğŵ Ƶŵ ŐŽůƉĞ ZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽĚŽZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽĞĚŽDĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽ
ƋƵĞĚĞƌƌƵďŽƵĂŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂĞĞǆƉƵůƐŽƵ ZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ͕ Ğ ƋƵĞ ďƵƐĐĂǀĂ͕ ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐ ĚŽ
Ă ĨĂŵşůŝĂ ƌĞĂů ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů͘ KƵƚƌĂ ĨŽƌƚĞ ĚĞƐƚĂƋƵĞ ĚĂƐ ĐŽŶƚƌĂĚŝĕƁĞƐ Ğ ƉƌŽďůĞŵĂƐ
ŝŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĕĆŽ ƚĞŵ ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĐŽŵ Ž ƐƵƐĐŝƚĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ŵŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͕ ŝŶƐƚĂƵƌĂƌ ƵŵĂ
ĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ǆĠƌĐŝƚŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ĨŽƌŵĂ ĚĞ ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ŽŶĚĞ Ž ƉŽǀŽ ĞůĞŐĞƐƐĞ ŽƐ
ĐŽŵĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͘KƐŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐĞŶƚĞŶĚŝĂŵͲ ƐĞƵƐ ƉƌſƉƌŝŽƐ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶƚĞƐ͘ K DĂŶŝĨĞƐƚŽ
ƐĞĐŽŵŽƚƵƚŽƌĞƐĚŽƐƚĂĚŽďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽĞ͕ ZĞƉƵďůŝĐĂŶŽ ĨŽŝ Ƶŵ ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ
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ŝŵƉŽƌƚąŶĐŝĂĚƵƌĂŶƚĞŽƌĂƐŝůDŽŶĄƌƋƵŝĐŽĞƐĞƵ ϵ͘
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂůŽďũĞƚŝǀŽĞƌĂũƵƐƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĚĞĚĞƌƌƵďĂƌ • dƌŽĐĂ ĚŽƐ ƐşŵďŽůŽƐ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ŶŽǀŽƐ
ĂDŽŶĂƌƋƵŝĂ͕ƋƵĞũĄĞƌĂĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚŝĚĂĐŽŵŽ ŚĞƌſŝƐ͕ ĐŽŵŽ dŝƌĂĚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĨŽƌĂŵ
ƵŵĂĨŽƌŵĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĂƵƚŽƌŝƚĄƌŝĂ͘ ĞƐƚĂďĞůĞĐŝĚŽƐ͘
ϱ͘ ĂͿs͖ďͿs͖ĐͿ&͖ĚͿs͖ĞͿs͖ĨͿ& • DƵĚĂŶĕĂĚĂĨŽƌŵĂĚĞŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ
ϲ͘ >ĞƚƌĂͲEĂƐĞŐƵŶĚĂŵĞƚĂĚĞĚŽƐĠĐƵůŽ • ĞƐĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝǌĂĕĆŽĚŽƉŽĚĞƌ
y/y͕ Ž ĞŝǆŽ ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐŽ ĚŽ ƉĂşƐ ƚŝŶŚĂ • /ŵƉůĂŶƚĂĚŽŽĨĞĚĞƌĂůŝƐŵŽ
ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĚŽƐƵĂŵƵĚĂŶĕĂĚŽEŽƌĚĞƐƚĞƉĂƌĂŽ • DƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ ŶŽ ƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ ĞůĞŝƚŽƌĂů ĚŽ
^ƵĚĞƐƚĞ͘ ĐĞŶƐŝƚĄƌŝŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ƐƵĨƌĄŐŝŽ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂů
>ĞƚƌĂ & Ͳ K ĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐŵŽ ŵŽďŝůŝǌŽƵ Ă ŵĂƐĐƵůŝŶŽ ƉĂƌĂ ŚŽŵĞŶƐ ĐŽŵ ŵĂŝƐ ĚĞ
ƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ ŶĂ ĚĠĐĂĚĂ ĚĞ ϭϴϴϬ͕ Ğ ϮϭĂŶŽƐ
ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚŽƐ ĂďŽůŝĐŝŽŶŝƐƚĂƐ ĚĞĨĞŶĚŝĂ Ă • KƌĂƐŝůƐĞƚŽƌŶŽƵƵŵƐƚĂĚŽůĂŝĐŽ
ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ • KƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶĐŝĂůŝƐŵŽƚŽƌŶŽƵͲƐĞŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂ
ϳ͘ ůŝƚĞƐ ĞŵĞƌŐĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌĞƐ͕ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ͕ ĚĞŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ
ĐůĂƐƐĞƐƉŽƉƵůĂƌĞƐ͕ĞƐĐƌĂǀŽƐ • WƌŽŵƵůŐĂĕĆŽĚĞƵŵĂŶŽǀĂŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕĆŽ
ϴ͘ ƐƐĂ ůĞŝ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶŽƵ ŶŽǀŽƐ ĐƌŝƚĠƌŝŽƐ ŶŽĂŶŽĚĞϭϴϴϵ͘
ƉĂƌĂ ĞƐƚŝƉƵůĂƌ ƋƵĞŵ ƚĞƌŝĂ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĂŽ ǀŽƚŽ Ğ͕
ĂƉſƐƐƵĂĂƉƌŽǀĂĕĆŽ͕ŽŶƷŵĞƌŽĚĞĞůĞŝƚŽƌĞƐŶŽ ĂƉşƚƵůŽϮ
ƌĂƐŝůĐĂŝƵĚĞϭ͘ϭϭϰ͘ϬϲϲƉĞƐƐŽĂƐƉĂƌĂϭϱϳ͘Ϯϵϲ
ƉĞƐƐŽĂƐ͘ /ƐƐŽ ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚŝĂ Ă ĂƉĞŶĂƐ ϭ͕ϱй ĚĂ ϭ͘ >ĞƚƌĂ Ͳ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ǀĞůŚĂ͘ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĚĂ
ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͕ŽƵƐĞũĂ͕ĂƐĚĞŵĂŶĚĂƐƉŽƌ ƐƉĂĚĂ Ğ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƌĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ŽůŝŐĄƌƋƵŝĐĂ
ƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂĕĆŽŶĆŽĨŽƌĂŵĂƚĞŶĚŝĚĂƐĞĂĞǆĐůƵƐĆŽ ƐĆŽĨĂƐĞƐĚĂWƌŝŵĞŝƌĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ ĨŽŝ ĂŵƉůŝĂĚĂ͘ ƐĞŐƵŶĚĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ Ϯ͘ 'ƵĞƌƌĂ ĚĞ ĂŶƵĚŽƐ͕ ZĞǀŽůƚĂ ĚĂ ƌŵĂĚĂ͕
ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂĠƉĞƐƐŽĂů͕ŶŽĞŶƚĂŶƚŽĞƐƉĞƌĂͲƐĞƋƵĞ 'ƵĞƌƌĂĚŽŽŶƚĞƐƚĂĚŽ͕ZĞǀŽůƚĂĚĂsĂĐŝŶĂ͕
ŽƐ ĞƐƚƵĚĂŶƚĞƐ ƉĞƌĐĞďĂŵ ĂƐ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐ Ğŵ ZĞǀŽůƚĂĚĂŚŝďĂƚĂĞƚĐ͘
ƌĞůĂĕĆŽ ĂŽ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ ǀŽƚŽ ƋƵĞ ĂƚƵĂůŵĞŶƚĞ Ž ϯ͘
ǀŽƚŽ Ġ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĚĞ ƚŽĚŽƐ Ğ ĂŽ ŵĞƐŵŽ ƚĞŵƉŽ &ĂƐĞ WĞƌşŽĚ ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂ
ŽďƌŝŐĂƚſƌŝŽ Ă ƚŽĚŽƐ͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ Ă ůĞŝ ƐĂƌĂŝǀĂ Ž Ɛ
WĞƌşŽĚŽ
ƌĞƐƚƌŝŶŐŝĂ ƉĂƌƚĞ ĚĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĚŝƌĞŝƚŽ ĂŽ ŵĂƌĐĂĚŽ ƉĞůĂ
ǀŽƚŽ͕ŶĞƐƐĞƋƵĞƐŝƚŽƐĆŽĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ͘ ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĕĆŽ
ϭϴϴϵ Ă ĚĂƐĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ
ŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĕĆŽ
ϭϴϵϴ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ
ĞĐŽŶƀŵŝĐĂƐ
ĚĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ &Žŝ
/E/^,hDE^^K//^W>/^
314
ĂƐƐŝŶĂůĂĚŽ ĐŽŵ Ă ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ ƋƵĞ Ž

ƉŽƌ ĐƌŝƐĞƐ ŶĂ ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂŵĞŶƚŽ ƉŽůşƚŝĐŽ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽ ŶĂ WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ Ğ ŶĂ
ĞĐŽŶŽŵŝĂ͘ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ĨŽŝ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂĚŽ͘ WŽƌ ŵĞŝŽ ĚĞƐƐĂ
WĞƌşŽĚŽ ŶŽ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ͕ĨŽŝƉŽƐƐşǀĞůƌĞĂůŝǌĂƌƵŵĂĂůŝĂŶĕĂĞŶƚƌĞ
ƋƵĂů Ă
ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂ ĞǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽĞůĞŐŝƐůĂƚŝǀŽ͘
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚĂ ^ĞƵƐ ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĂƐƐŝŵ ƌĞƐƵŵŝĚŽƐ͗
WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƌĞĚƵǌŝƌ ĂŽ ŵĄǆŝŵŽ ĂƐ ĚŝƐƉƵƚĂƐ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ŶŽ
ĞƐƚĂǀĂ ąŵďŝƚŽĚĞĐĂĚĂƐƚĂĚŽ͕ƉƌĞƐƚŝŐŝĂŶĚŽŽƐŐƌƵƉŽƐ
/ŶƐƚŝƚƵĐŝŽŶĂůŝǌĂĕĆ ϭϴϵϴ Ă ĚĞǀŝĚĂŵĞŶƚĞ
Ž ϭϵϮϭ ĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂĚĂ͘ ŵĂŝƐĨŽƌƚĞƐ͖ĐŚĞŐĂƌĂƵŵĂĐŽƌĚŽďĄƐŝĐŽĞŶƚƌĞĂ

ƋƵŝ ƐĞ hŶŝĆŽ Ğ ŽƐ ƐƚĂĚŽƐ͖ Ɖƀƌ Ĩŝŵ ă ŚŽƐƚŝůŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚĞĨŝŶŝƌĂŵ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞ ĞŶƚƌĞ ǆĞĐƵƚŝǀŽ Ğ >ĞŐŝƐůĂƚŝǀŽ͕
ĐŽŵŽ Ă ĚŽƐ ĚŽŵĞƐƚŝĐĂŶĚŽ Ă ĞƐĐŽůŚĂ ĚŽƐ ĚĞƉƵƚĂĚŽƐ͘ EĂ
ŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ
ĞĚŽĐĂĨĠĐŽŵ ƉƌĄƚŝĐĂ͕ ĞƐƐĂ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĨƵŶĐŝŽŶĂǀĂ ĚĂ ƐĞŐƵŝŶƚĞ
ůĞŝƚĞ͘ ŵĂŶĞŝƌĂ͗ Ž 'ŽǀĞƌŶŽ &ĞĚĞƌĂů ĚĂƌŝĂ ĂƉŽŝŽ ă
WĞƌşŽĚŽ ŶŽ
ƋƵĂů ĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂŵĂŝƐƉŽĚĞƌŽƐĂĚĞĐĂĚĂƐƚĂĚŽ͘ŵ
ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ ƚƌŽĐĂ͕ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ĞǆŝŐŝĂ ƋƵĞ ĐĂĚĂ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂ
WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ĂƉŽŝĂƐƐĞĂƐƉƌŽƉŽƐƚĂƐĚŽ'ŽǀĞƌŶŽ&ĞĚĞƌĂůŶŽ
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ůĞŐŝƐůĂƚŝǀŽ͘
ĞŶƚƌĂƌĂŵ Ğŵ
ĐƌŝƐĞ ƉŽƌ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽ ĐĂĨĠ ĐŽŵ ůĞŝƚĞ Ġ Ƶŵ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽ
ĐŽŶƚĂ ĚĂ ĐůĄƐƐŝĐŽ ƋƵĂŶĚŽ ŶŽƐ ƌĞĨĞƌŝŵŽƐ ă WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ
ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂĕĆŽ
ϭϵϮϭ Ă ĚĞ ŶŽǀŽƐ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘ƐƐĂƉŽůşƚŝĐĂŐĂŶŚŽƵĨŽƌĕĂŶŽƌĂƐŝů͕
ƌŝƐĞ
ϭϵϯϬ ĂƚŽƌĞƐ ŶĂ ƐŽďƌĞƚƵĚŽĂƉĂƌƚŝƌĚĞϭϵϭϯ͕ĐŽŵĂĂƐƐŝŶĂƚƵƌĂ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ
ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌĂ͘ ĚŽWĂĐƚŽĚĞKƵƌŽ&ŝŶŽ͕ĞŶƚƌĞĂƐŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐĚĞ
ŽŶĨůŝƚŽƐ ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽĞDŝŶĂƐ'ĞƌĂŝƐ͘ƐƐĞĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƌĞĨĞƌĞͲ
ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ
ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ ƐĞĂŽƌĞǀĞǌĂŵĞŶƚŽĚŽƐĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚŽƐůĂŶĕĂĚŽƐă
ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƉƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂ ƉŽƌ ĞƐƐĂƐ ĚƵĂƐ ŽůŝŐĂƌƋƵŝĂƐ͘
ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵşƌĂŵ
ƉĂƌĂ Ž Ĩŝŵ ĚĂ ^ĞŐƵŶĚŽ ĞƐƐĞ ƉĂĐƚŽ͕ ƉĂƵůŝƐƚĂƐ Ğ ŵŝŶĞŝƌŽƐ
WƌŝŵĞŝƌĂ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂǀĂŵͲƐĞŶĂƉƌĞƐŝĚġŶĐŝĂĚĂZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘K
ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ͘
nome “café com leite” faz referência ao fato de
ϰ͘ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ŐŽǀĞƌŶĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƋƵĞ^ĆŽWĂƵůŽĞƌĂŽŵĂŝŽƌƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌĚĞĐĂĨĠĚŽ
ĐŽŶŚĞĐŝĚĂĐŽŵŽƉŽůşƚŝĐĂĚŽƐĞƐƚĂĚŽƐ͕ĨŽŝĐƌŝĂĚĂ ƌĂƐŝů͕ ĞŶƋƵĂŶƚŽ DŝŶĂƐ 'ĞƌĂŝƐ ĞƌĂ Ž ŵĂŝŽƌ
ĚƵƌĂŶƚĞ Ž ŐŽǀĞƌŶŽ ĚĞ ĂŵƉŽƐ ^ĂůĞƐ͕ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌĚĞůĞŝƚĞ͘
ƉƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚĞ ĚŽ ƌĂƐŝů ĞŶƚƌĞ ϭϴϵϴ Ğ ϭϵϬϮ͘ &Žŝ
/E/^,hDE^^K//^W>/^
315
indígena”, lembrando que isso é fruto da

^W/͖ƌŝĂĕĆŽĚĂ&hE/ĞĚŽĞƐƚĂƚƵƚŽ͘
Ϯ͘ >ĞƚƌĂ–ĚŽƐƉŽůşƚŝĐŽƐ͘
ϯ͘ ^W/Ͳ^ĞƌǀŝĕŽĚĞƉƌŽƚĞĕĆŽĂŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐ ͲKƐĞƵ
ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ŽďũĞƚŝǀŽ ĞƌĂ ƉƌŽƚĞŐĞƌ ŽƐ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽ /// – hŵĂ ZĞƉƷďůŝĐĂ ƐĞŵ ŝŐƵĂůĚĂĚĞ ĚŽƐ ĂƚĂƋƵĞƐ ĨĞŝƚŽƐ ƉŽƌ ŶĆŽ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͕ ďĞŵ
ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂ ĐŽŵŽŝŶƚĞŐƌĄͲůŽƐăƐŽĐŝĞĚĂĚĞŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͘
&hE/ Ͳ &ƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ EĂĐŝŽŶĂů ĚŽ 1ŶĚŝŽ – Ž ƐĞƵ
ϭ͘ ƐƉĞƌĂǀĂͲƐĞƋƵĞ͕ĂŽĚĞŝǆĂƌĞƐƚĂƐƉĞƐƐŽĂƐă ƉĂƉĞů Ġ ƉƌŽŵŽǀĞƌ ƉŽůşƚŝĐĂƐ ǀŽůƚĂĚĂƐ ĂŽ
ƐƵĂ ƉƌſƉƌŝĂ ƐŽƌƚĞ͕ ĞůĂƐ ĚĞƐĂƉĂƌĞĐŝĂŵ ĚĞ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ƐƵƐƚĞŶƚĄǀĞů ĚĂƐ ƉŽƉƵůĂĕƁĞƐ
forma “natural”, ƉĞƌŵĂŶĞĐĞŶĚŽ ƐŽŵĞŶƚĞ ŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂƐ͘
os “fortes”. ϰ͘ >ĞƚƌĂ–&hE/͘
ϱ͘ sŝĂŽşŶĚŝŽĐŽŵŽƵŵƐĞƌĚŝŐŶŽĚĞĐŽŶǀŝǀĞƌ
Ϯ͘ >ĞƚƌĂ Ͳ ŽƐ ƐƵďƷƌďŝŽƐ Ğ ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐ ŶĂ ĐŽŵƵŶŚĆŽ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂů͕ ĞŵďŽƌĂ ŝŶĨĞƌŝŽƌ
ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐĨĂǀĞůĂƐĚŽƉĂşƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂůŵĞŶƚĞ͘ ƌĂ ĚĞǀĞƌ ĚŽ ƐƚĂĚŽ ĚĂƌͲůŚĞ
ϯ͘ ĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƌĂŽŵƵŶĚŽƋƵĞŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĐŽŶĚŝĕƁĞƐĚĞĞǀŽůƵŝƌůĞŶƚĂŵĞŶƚĞĂƵŵĞƐƚĄŐŝŽ
de escravidão brasileiro foi “menos violento” ƐƵƉĞƌŝŽƌ͕ ƉĂƌĂ ĚĂş ƐĞ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƌ Ă ŶĂĕĆŽ͘ WĂƌĂ
ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ŽƵƚƌŽƐ͕ Ğŵ ŵĂŝƐ Ƶŵ ĞƐĨŽƌĕŽ ĚĞ ƚĂŶƚŽ ĚĞǀĞƌŝĂ ĚĞŵĂƌĐĂƌ ƐƵĂƐ ƚĞƌƌĂƐ͕ ƉƌŽƚĞŐġͲ
ĞƐĐĂŵŽƚĞĂƌĂƐĚŝƐƉƵƚĂƐĚĂƉŽƉƵůĂĕĆŽŶĞŐƌĂĞ ůĂƐ ĚĞ ŝŶǀĂƐŽƌĞƐ Ğ ƵƐƵƌƉĂĚŽƌĞƐ Ğŵ ƉŽƚĞŶĐŝĂů͕
ƐƵďũƵŐĄͲůĂƐăƐŵĞŵſƌŝĂƐƐƵďƚĞƌƌąŶĞĂƐĚŽƉĂşƐ͘ ĚĞĨĞŶĚĞƌ ŽƐ şŶĚŝŽƐ ĚĂ ĞƐƉĞƌƚĞǌĂ ĚŽƐ
ϰ͘ >ĞƚƌĂ Ͳ ƵŵĞŶƚŽ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ ďƌĂƐŝůĞŝƌŽƐ͕ĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůŵĞŶƚĞĚŽƐĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂŶƚĞƐĞ
ŝŵŝŐƌĂĕĆŽĚĞĞƵƌŽƉĞƵƐƉĂƌĂŽƌĂƐŝů ŵĂƐĐĂƚĞƐ ƋƵĞ ŽƐ ĞǆƉůŽƌĂǀĂŵ͕ ĞŶƐŝŶĂƌͲůŚĞƐ
ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐĚĞĐƵůƚŝǀŽĞĚĞĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂĕĆŽĚĞƐĞƵƐ
ĂƉşƚƵůŽϰ
ďĞŶƐ͕ĞƐŽĐŽƌƌġͲůŽƐĞŵƐƵĂƐĚŽĞŶĕĂƐ͘
ϭ͘ &ƵŶĚĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ ƉƌŝŵĞŝƌŽ ſƌŐĆŽ &ĞĚĞƌĂů

ǀŽůƚĂĚŽƉĂƌĂĚĞĨĞƐĂŝŶĚşŐĞŶĂŽ^W/;^ĞƌǀŝĕŽ
ĚĞWƌŽƚĞĕĆŽĂŽ1ŶĚŝŽͿ͖ĨƵŶĚĂĕĆŽĚŽŵƵƐĞƵ
ĚŽ şŶĚŝŽ͕ Ɛ ƚƌġƐ ĐŽŶƐƚŝƚƵŝĕƁĞƐ ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ
ǀŝƐƚĂƐ ĐŽŵ ŐƌĂŶĚĞ ǀĂůŽƌ ŚŝƐƚſƌŝĐŽ ƉĂƌĂ ŽƐ
şŶĚŝŽƐ͕ƉŽŝƐĨŽƌĂŵĂƐƉƌŝŵĞŝƌĂƐƋƵĞƚƌĂƚŽƵ
ŽƐşŶĚŝŽƐde forma “digna” com medidas e
políticas de proteção para grande “nação
/E/^,hDE^^K//^W>/^

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Apostila 9º Ano

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9°°

Governador do Estado de Goiás Gerente de Mediação Tecnológica

Vice-governador do Estado de Goiás Coordenadoras Pedagógicas de Mediação Tecnológica

Linguagens e suas Tecnologias Bruno Martins Ferreira – Geografia

EQUIPE GOIÁS TEC

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS............................................................................ 5

CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS....................................................... 179

MATEMÁTICA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS....................................................................... 211

CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E SOCIAIS APLICADAS............................................................. 233

KDWKEEd hZZ/h>Z Zd^ ϵΣ

dĞŵĂ͗ ŽŶĐƌĞƚŝƐŵŽ Ğ EĞŽĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŝƐŵŽ KďũĞƚŽ ĚŽ

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

cores secundárias e terciárias. No mundo da

hŵ ĚŽƐ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐ ŵĂŝƐ

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

ƐĆŽƚƌĂŶƐŵŝƚŝĚŽƐĂŽĐĠƌĞďƌŽ͘KĐĠƌĞďƌŽĞŶƚĆŽ ŵƵĚĂŶĕĂƐ ƋƵĞ ŽĐŽƌƌĞŵ Ğŵ ŶşǀĞů ŵŽůĞĐƵůĂƌ͘

ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐ ĨşƐŝĐŽƐ ŐĞƌĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ůƵǌ͘ ůĂƐ

ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝĕĆŽ ƋƵşŵŝĐĂ ĚŽƐ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ Ğ ĚĂƐ

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

KƌŝŐĞŶƐĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚĂKƉƌƚ &ŽŶƚĞ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďůŽŐ͘ƵƐĞĂƌƚŽŽůƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĐŽŶŚĞĐĂͲĂͲŽƉͲ

ĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞ ĞŵĚĞƐĂĐƌĞĚŝƚĂƌ Ă ĐŽŵďŝŶĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

EŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ Ž ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ƋƵĞ ĞƐĚĞ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕƁĞƐ ĚŽ

ĞƐĐƵůƚŽƌ>Ƶŝǌ^ĂĐŝůŽƚƚŽ͘ ƉƵďůŝĐŝƚĄƌŝĂƐ͕ ŶŽ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĞƐ͕

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϰͲͿ

ϯ͘ dşƚƵůŽ͗ hƐĞĞƐƐĞƐǀŝĚĞŽƐĐŽŵŽĞǆĞŵƉůŽƉĂƌĂ ŝŶĨůƵġŶĐŝĂ ĚĞ ĚŝƐƚŝŶƚĂƐ ŵĂƚƌŝǌĞƐ ĞƐƚĠƚŝĐĂƐ Ğ

ĂĞǆĞĐƵĕĆŽĚĂĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͗ƌĂǁϯ,ĂŶĚKƉƚŝĐĂů ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ŶĂƐ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ

/ůůƵƐŝŽŶ;ĞƐĞŶŚŽͲDĆŽϯ/ůƵƐĆŽĚĞſƚŝĐĂͿ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ ůŽĐĂŝƐ͕ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕

^ŝƚĞ͗ ŶĂĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂŝƐ͕ ĂƐƐŝŵ ĐŽŵŽ ĂƐ

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǇŽƵƚƵ͘ďĞͬƌhǇŐϴŽďŬϬ͍ƐŝсϭYϮǇďKƋyϳĐ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂƐ ĨĂǌĞŵ ĚŽƐ ƐƵũĞŝƚŽƐ͕

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

ĂůĐĂŶĕĂĚŽ͕ ƉŽƌ ĞǆĞŵƉůŽ͕ ĐŽŶƚƌĂƉŽŶĚŽ ƵŵĂ ƉĞƌĐĞďĞƌƋƵĞƚŽĚĂƐĂƐĐŽŝƐĂƐƚġŵƵŵĂĨŽƌŵĂ͕

ŽƌŐąŶŝĐĂƐŵĞŶŽƌĞƐ͘ ŵĂŝŽƌŝĂ ĚŽƐ ŽďũĞƚŽƐ ƋƵĞ ŶŽƐ ĐĞƌĐĂŵ ƐĆŽ

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

ƚĞŵƉŽƐ͘ ĂĚĂ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ǀġ Ğ ƐĞŶƚĞ ĞƐƐĂ ŶĂƵƌŽƉĂ͕dĂƌƐŝůĂĚŽŵĂƌĂůƌĞĂůŝǌŽƵĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ

Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ͘ ƌƚĞ ƵďŝƐƚĂ ƌŽŵƉĞƵ ĐŽŵ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂĞŵƐƵĂƐŽďƌĂƐ͘

ϭ͘^ŽďƌĞ ĂƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ ŶĂ ĂƌƚĞ͕

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

;Ϳ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ġ Ă ƷŶŝĐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

;Ϳ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐŶĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ĠƵŵĂ ϲ͘YƵĞŵĨŽŝŽĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞůƉĞůĂĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ

;Ϳ ĂƌƚĞ Ġ ĂůŐŽĞƐƚĄǀĞůƋƵĞƐĞŐƵĞ ĚŝƌĞƚƌŝǌĞƐ ϵ͘ &ĂĕĂ Ƶŵ ĚĞƐĞŶŚŽ ƵƚŝůŝǌĂŶĚŽ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ŶŽ

LINGUAGENS E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS

;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϴͲͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ğ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂƌ ĂƐ

dĞŵĂ͗ DĂƚĞƌŝĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ Ğ /ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůŝĚĂĚĞƐ͗ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽƌĞƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ͕ ĐƵƌĂĚŽƌĞƐ͕

;ƐƉĂĕŽƐ Ğ ƚƵĂĕƁĞƐͿ ĚĂ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͗ ĞŽƐĞƐƉĂĕŽƐĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘

ĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂƐ ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ğ WƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϭͲͿ ƉŽŶƚĂƌ͕ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ͕

ĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌąŶĞĂƐ͖>ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ƚƌĂĚŝĐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ

WƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐĚĞĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ͗^ĞŶƚŝĚŽƐWůƵƌĂŝƐ͖ZĞůĂĕĆŽ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĂŝƐ͕ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞŶĚŽ Ă ƉĞƌĐĞƉĕĆŽ͕ Ž

ĚŽƐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐĚĞ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ Ğ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĂƵƚŽƌĂů͕ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĄƌŝŽ͕ Ž ƉĞŶƐĂŵĞŶƚŽ ĐƌşƚŝĐŽ͕ Ă

ĂƵƚƀŶŽŵĂ Ğ ĐŽůĂďŽƌĂƚŝǀĂ ĞŶƚƌĞ ĂƐ ĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĂĕĆŽ͕ Ă ĐĂƉĂĐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ ƐŝŵďŽůŝǌĂƌ Ğ

ůŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŶƐĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ͘ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĂƌ Ž ƌĞƉĞƌƚſƌŝŽ ŝŵĂŐĠƚŝĐŽ ƉĞƐƐŽĂů Ğ ĚŽ

,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϱͲͿ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϲͲͿ ĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ ĚĞ

ŝƐƚŝŶŐƵŝƌ͕ĞǆƉůŽƌĂƌ͕ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĞĞŵƉƌĞŐĂƌ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ĐŽŵ ďĂƐĞ Ğŵ ƚĞŵĂƐ

ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶƚĞƐ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ĚĞ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĆŽ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ͕ ĐŽƚŝĚŝĂŶŽƐŽƵĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƐĞƐĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐŽƐĚĞŵŽĚŽ

ďŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ Ğ ƚƌŝĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶƚĞƐ͕ ĂƵƚŽƌĂů͕ ĨĂǌĞŶĚŽ ƵƐŽ ĚĞ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐ͕

KDWKEEd hZZ/h>Z Zd^ ϵΣ

dĞŵĂ͗ ŽŶĐƌĞƚŝƐŵŽ Ğ EĞŽĐŽŶĐƌĞƚŝƐŵŽ KďũĞƚŽ ĚŽ

ĨĞŶƀŵĞŶŽƐ ĨşƐŝĐŽƐ ŐĞƌĂĚŽƐ ƉĞůĂ ůƵǌ͘ ůĂƐ

KƌŝŐĞŶƐĞǀŽůƵĕĆŽĚĂKƉƌƚ &ŽŶƚĞ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďůŽŐ͘ƵƐĞĂƌƚŽŽůƐ͘ĐŽŵ͘ďƌͬĐŽŶŚĞĐĂͲĂͲŽƉͲ

EŽ ƌĂƐŝů͕ Ž ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂů ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ƋƵĞ ĞƐĚĞ ĞŶƚĆŽ͕ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĕƁĞƐ ĚŽ

,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϰͲͿ

ĂĞǆĞĐƵĕĆŽĚĂĂƚŝǀŝĚĂĚĞ͗ƌĂǁϯ,ĂŶĚKƉƚŝĐĂů ĐƵůƚƵƌĂŝƐ ĚĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ŶĂƐ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂĕƁĞƐ

/ůůƵƐŝŽŶ;ĞƐĞŶŚŽͲDĆŽϯ/ůƵƐĆŽĚĞſƚŝĐĂͿ ĂƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂƐ ĚĂƐ ĐƵůƚƵƌĂƐ ůŽĐĂŝƐ͕ ƌĞŐŝŽŶĂŝƐ͕

ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǇŽƵƚƵ͘ďĞͬƌhǇŐϴŽďŬϬ͍ƐŝсϭYϮǇďKƋyϳĐ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ĞƐƚĂƐ ĨĂǌĞŵ ĚŽƐ ƐƵũĞŝƚŽƐ͕

ƚĞŵƉŽƐ͘ ĂĚĂ ĂƌƚŝƐƚĂ ǀġ Ğ ƐĞŶƚĞ ĞƐƐĂ ŶĂƵƌŽƉĂ͕dĂƌƐŝůĂĚŽŵĂƌĂůƌĞĂůŝǌŽƵĚŝǀĞƌƐĂƐ

Ğŵ ƐƵĂƐ ŽďƌĂƐ͘ ƌƚĞ ƵďŝƐƚĂ ƌŽŵƉĞƵ ĐŽŵ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂĞŵƐƵĂƐŽďƌĂƐ͘

;Ϳ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐ Ġ Ă ƷŶŝĐĂ ĨŽƌŵĂ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ

;Ϳ Ɛ ĨŽƌŵĂƐ ŐĞŽŵĠƚƌŝĐĂƐŶĂƐ ĂƌƚĞƐ ĠƵŵĂ ϲ͘YƵĞŵĨŽŝŽĂƌƚŝƐƚĂƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĄǀĞůƉĞůĂĚŝĨƵƐĆŽ

;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϴͲͿ /ĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĐĂƌ Ğ ĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĐŝĂƌ ĂƐ

;ƐƉĂĕŽƐ Ğ ƚƵĂĕƁĞƐͿ ĚĂ >ŝŶŐƵĂŐĞŵ͗ ĞŽƐĞƐƉĂĕŽƐĚŽƐŝƐƚĞŵĂĚĂƐĂƌƚĞƐǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ͘

ĂƚĞŐŽƌŝĂƐ ƉƌŽĨŝƐƐŝŽŶĂŝƐ ŽŶƚĞǆƚŽƐ Ğ WƌĄƚŝĐĂƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϭͲͿ ƉŽŶƚĂƌ͕ ƌĞůĂĐŝŽŶĂƌ͕

,ĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞƐ ƐƐĞŶĐŝĂŝƐ͗ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϱͲͿ ;'KͲ&ϬϴZϬϲͲͿ ĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀĞƌ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƐ ĚĞ

ŝƐƚŝŶŐƵŝƌ͕ĞǆƉůŽƌĂƌ͕ĐŽŵƉƌĞĞŶĚĞƌĞĞŵƉƌĞŐĂƌ ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ Ğŵ ĂƌƚĞƐ ǀŝƐƵĂŝƐ ĐŽŵ ďĂƐĞ Ğŵ ƚĞŵĂƐ

>ŝŶŚĂƐ ĚĞ DŽǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ͗ ƌŝĂŵ Ă ŝůƵƐĆŽ

ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬďƌ͘ĨƌĞĞƉŝŬ͘ĐŽŵͬǀĞƚŽƌĞƐͲ

KďƌĂ͗ ŽŵƉŽƐŝƚŝŽŶ EŽ͘ϭϬWŝĞƚDŽŶĚƌŝĂŶĚĂƚĂϭϵϯϵ >ŝŶŚĂƐĚĞdĞǆƚƵƌĂ͗hƚŝůŝǌĂĚĂƐƉĂƌĂĐƌŝĂƌ

>ŝŶŚĂƐ ĚĞ WĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĂ͗ hƐĂĚĂƐ ƉĂƌĂ ,ĂĐŚƵƌĂ Ğ ƌƵǌͲ,ĂĐŚƵƌĂ͗ ŽŶƐŝƐƚĞ Ğŵ

ĐŽŵŽĂƐůŝŶŚĂƐƋƵĞĐŽŶǀĞƌŐĞŵĞŵƵŵƉŽŶƚŽ ŽƵ ĐƌƵǌĂĚĂƐ͘ ƵŵĂ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂ ƉŽƉƵůĂƌ Ğŵ

ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚĞƐĞŶŚŽͲ

>ŝŶŚĂƐ ǆƉƌĞƐƐŝǀĂƐ͗ dƌĂŶƐŵŝƚĞŵ

Ϯ Ͳ ĞůŝŶĞĂƌ͗Ġ ƉŽŶƚŝůŚĂƌ Ž ĐŽŶƚŽƌŶŽ Ğ ŽƐ

WŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͗ hŵĂ ǆƉůŽƌĂĕĆŽ ƌƚşƐƚŝĐĂ

ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞůĞŵ͗ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǁŝŬŝĂƌƚ͘ŽƌŐͬƉƚͬŐĞŽƌŐĞƐͲ WŽƌƚŽ ĚĞ ^ĂŝŶƚͲdƌŽƉĞǌΗ ;ϭϴϵϵͿ͕ ƋƵĞ ĐĂƉƚƵƌĂ Ă

ĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƚŝĐĂƐĞdĠĐŶŝĐĂƐĚŽWŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ K ƉŽŶƚŝůŚŝƐŵŽ͕ ĐŽŵ ƐƵĂ ĂďŽƌĚĂŐĞŵ ƷŶŝĐĂ ĚĞ

ŝƐƉŽŶşǀĞů Ğŵ͗ ŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ǁŝŬŝĂƌƚ͘ŽƌŐͬƉƚͬŐĞŽƌŐĞƐͲ

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