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GUITARRA
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1 Partes da guitarra
Pestana
Casas
Braço
Trastes
Cordas
Corpo
Streep-locke
Captadores
Escudo
Alavanca
Knobs
Ponte
Jack
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2 Música
Sabe-se que existem vários conceitos sobre música, entre eles pode-se citar:
Estes sons são as notas musicais. Existem sete notas musicais naturais, são elas:
dó, dó#, ré, ré#, mi, fá, fá#, sol, sol#, lá, la#, si.
3 Nota musical
1
Teoria da música: Uma Nova Abordagem. Jundiaí, São Paulo: Keyboard Editora Musical Ltda. 2004
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4 Propriedades do som
3) Altura: é a propriedade do som ser mais grave ou mais agudo, por exemplo no piano,
tocando-se da esquerda para a direita, o som vai se tornando mais grave. Tocando-se
ao contrário da esquerda para a direita o som vai se tornando mais agudo.
4) Timbre: é a qualidade do som que permite reconhecer sua origem. É pelo timbre que
sabemos se o som vem de um violino, de uma flauta de um piano.
ANOTAÇÕES:
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5 Escrita Musical
Existem alguns tipos de escrita musical, dentre eles os mais utilizados são:
1) Cifra:
| Em | Em | D | D |
Caminhando e cantando e seguindo a canção
2) Partitura:
3) Tablatura:
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6 Cifra
Quando se escreve uma música, pode-se substituir o nome dos acordes (dó, ré etc.)
por letras do alfabeto que representem as mesmas, assim:
A Seqüência utilizada é:
C, D, E, F, G, A, B
C dó
D ré
E mi
F fá
G sol
A lá
B si
ANOTAÇÕES:
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Home work
T M
C
C
C
E
K
P
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7 Exercícios Teóricos
6) ___________________________________________________________________________
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7)
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8)
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8 Braço do instrumento
A guitarra mais conhecida possui seis cordas, porém existem outros de sete, oito,
doze, e até mais. O que estamos estudando aqui é o violão de seis cordas, como mostra o desenho a
seguir.
6ª Mi
5ª Lá
4ª Ré
3ª Sol
2ª Si
1ª mi
Casas: 5 4 3 2 1
São elas:
Os espaços que existem no braço da guitarra são chamados de casas. As casas são
separadas pelos trastes. Pressionando as cordas em cima das casas, extraímos da guitarra a nota (som)
desejada.
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11 Acordes
Quando se tocam varias notas simultâneas (no mínimo três notas diferentes) formam-se um
acorde. Então, pode-se afirmar:
ANOTAÇÕES:
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12 Acordes Maiores
Acordes maiores
Ex:
C dó Maior
CM dó Maior
C D E
F G A
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PLAY TIME
a) | | | | |
b) | | | | |
c) | | | | |
d) | | | | |
e) | | | | |
f) | | | | |
g) | | | | |
TOQUE DE MESTRE
Para dar sensação de fim, deixe soar o ultimo acorde!
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13 Acordes Menores
Ex:
Cm dó menor
C - dó menor
Cm Dm Em
Fm Gm Am
Bm
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Home work
Use a sua criatividade e crie novas sequencias de acordes:
a) | | | | |
b) | | | | |
c) | | | | |
d) | | | | |
e) | | | | |
f) | | | | |
ANOTAÇÕES:
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14 Barra de compasso
a) Simples
Separa os compassos:
b) Dupla
Separa partes da música:
Ou no sinal de repetição:
c) Final
Término de uma música:
15 Ritmo
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PLAY TIME
X X
TOQUE DE MESTRE
Experimente dar cada toque com intensidades diferentes, dando mais vida
ao seu ritmo!
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Ex:
Existem outros tipos de acordes e cifras, que serão abordados em outro momento.
C7 D7 E7
F7 G7 A7
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17 Pratica de acordes
Pratique as sequências de acordes abaixo:
Sugestão de ritmo:
a) ||: A7 | D7 | E7 | A7 :||
b) ||: E7 | A7 | B7 | E7 :||
c) ||: Am | Dm | G7 | C :||
d) ||: C | E7 | A | G7 :||
e) ||: D7 | G7 | C | A7 :||
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18 Notas na guitarra
E D C B A G F E
E D C B A G F E
A G F E D C B
ANOTAÇÕES:
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Pratica de acordes I
19 Sustenidos
Além das sete notas musicais naturais, existem outras cinco notas denominadas acidentes
musicais.
C# = dó sustenido
D# = ré sustenido
F# = fá sustenido
G# = sol sustenido
A# = la TOQUE DE MESTRE sustenido
ANOTAÇÕES:
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20 Sustenidos na Guitarra
D# C# A# G# F#
D# C# A# G# F#
G# F# D# C# A#
ANOTAÇÕES:
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21 Exercícios técnicos
1) Cromatismos
a)
b)
TOQUE DE MESTRE
Toque agora utilizando as seguintes combinações!
a) 1234
b) 1243
c) 1324
d) 1342
d) 1423
e) 1432
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ANOTAÇÕES:
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22 Blues
“O que mais dizer deste estilo tão fascinante que ainda não foi dito?
Por mais versátil, técnico ou de “praia diferente” que possa um guitarrista
ser, não existe um que não goste de tocar o blues, que não se permita deixar-
se pela emoção do momento e dar assas à sua imaginação. E é isso que o
blues nos ensina. Tradicionalmente, esse estilo tem algumas formas que o
fizeram grande e que muitos, ás vezes, não observam o quão grande podem
ser. Uma nota, um acorde ou mesmo um ritmo diferenciado que muitos
diriam ‘isso não é blues” pode sê-lo . Basta que você esteja sintonizado no
que isso significa.
Mesmo fugindo do tradicional, o blues abre seu coração. Se tal gênero
se mantivesse sempre do mesmo, ainda teríamos que tocá-lo com violão e
tuba – como era em seus primórdios – e não com guitarra e baixo. O blues
permite que ousemos. O que temos que entender é que precisamos aprender o
que foi feito, absolver e desenvolver esse entendimento. Eric Clapton ouviu
B.B. King, entendeu e criou a sua própria maneira. Se tivesse simplesmente
copiado, Clapton seria apenas um clone.
O bom guitarrista é aquele que consegue se expressar por meio das
notas e seu instrumento e, acima de tudo, capaz de assimilar, e desenvolver
para a música tudo o que aprendeu.”
Duca Belintani.
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PLAY TIME
12 Bar Blues
||: E7 | A7 | E7 | E7 |
| E7 | A7 | E7 | E7 |
| E7 | A7 | E7 | B7 :||
TURN ARROUND
TOQUE DE MESTRE
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Aprenda a fazer outros tipos de “TURN ARROUND”, e torne seu Blues mais atrativo.
Tom: Em
24 Improviso
Com a ajuda do seu professor crie solos espontâneos para o Blues que você aprendeu, utilizando a
escala pentatônica de Em.
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Home work
Crie um solo para o Blues utilizando a escala pentatônica de Em e escreva em Tablatura abaixo.
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25 Escala cromática II
26 Exercícios técnicos II
1) Cromatismos II
a)
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b)
TOQUE DE MESTRE
Não se preocupe em tocar rápido,
o importante é ouvir com clareza cada nota tocada.
PLAY TIME
c)Base Blues
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Campo Harmônico é um conjunto de acordes que forma uma harmonia. Esses acordes são extraídos
de uma só escala estrutural, geralmente a escala jônica ou maior. Também pode ser chamado de
estrutura tonal visto que o desenvolvimento da harmonia está inteiramente ligado ao aparecimento e
desenvolvimento do conceito de tonalidade.
Acordes Relativos
DÓ MAIOR
C Dm Em F G Am Bm(b5) C
RÉ MAIOR
D Em F#m G A Bm C#m(b5) D
MI MAIOR
E F#m G#m A B C#m D#m(b5) E
FA MAIOR
F Gm Am Bb C Dm Em(b5) F
SOL MAIOR
G Am Bm C D Em F#m(b5) G
LA MAIOR
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SI MAIOR
B C#m D#m E F# G#m A#m(b5) B
29 Power Chords
G5 C5 F5
PLAY TIME
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Sugestão de ritmo:
a) ||: | | | :||
b) ||: | | | :||
c) ||: | | | :||
d) ||: | | | :||
e) ||: | | | :||
ANOTAÇÕES:
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Ascendente: C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C
Descendente: C, B, A, G, F, E, D, C
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32 Dicionário de acordes
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33 Anotações
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