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ANLISE MATRICIAL
DE ESTRUTURAS
Prof. Alfonso Pappalardo Jr.
So Paulo
2014
FESP Faculdade de Engenharia So Paulo
CE2 Estabilidade das Construes II
y n inicial n final 2 GL /N
i j
u1,u2 x u3 ,u4
u1 f1
u2 u4
i j u f
u1 u3 ui j = 2 f i j = 2
u3 f3
f2
j
f4 u 4 f4
i
f1 f3
f i j = k i j ui j Grau de liberdade 1
f1 f11 1
f f 0
f i j = 2 k i j = 21 ui j =
f3 f31 0
f4 f41 0
EA / L 0 EA / L 0
0 0 0 0
k i j =
EA / L 0 EA / L 0
0 0 0 0
F1 cos sen 0 0
F sen
Fi j = 2 U
u 44 cos 0 0
F3 T=
u3
0 0 cos sen
F4 U3
0 0 sen cos
f i j = k i j ui j
T Fi j = k i j T Ui j
Matriz de transformao uma
matriz ortogonal, ou seja:
T 1 = TT
Assim, pr-multiplicando ambos os
termos da expresso anterior, tem-se:
TT T F i j = TT k i j T U i j
F i j = TT k i j T U i j
K i j = TT k i j T
Fi j = K i j Ui j
(A)
Sistema de unidades
Fora: kilonewtons (kN)
Comprimento: metros (m)
27 kN
2,4 m
(B) (C )
1,8 m 2,7 m
Barra AC
EI=210x106 kNm2; A=113,04 x106 m2; L=5,1 m; =28,07 (unidades: kN, m)
Barra BC
EI=210x106 kNm2; A=113,04 x10-6 m2; L=2,7 m; =0 (unidades: kN, m)
Vetor deslocamento
(A) R1 U1 0
U1 0
UU = UR =
U2 0
27 kN
0
(B) (C )
Vetor carregamento
U2 R2 R3 R4 R1
27
R
FU = FR = 2
0 R 3
R 4
F = K U
FU K UU K UR U U
F = K
R RU K RR U R
27 U1
0 U2
R1
= 0
R2 0
R3 0
R4 0
27 5952,8478 3709,5816 U1
=
0 3709,5816 11369,1806 U2
0,00569 mm
UU =
mm
0, 00186
(A)
3539,3169 -1887,6357 -3539,3169 1887,6357
K AC = -1887,6357
-3539,3169
1006,7390
1887,6357
1887,6357
3539,3169
-1006,7390
-1887,6357
1887,6357 -1006,7390 -1887,6357 1006,7390
(B) (C)
0
(A) 0,00569
U AC =
0
0
0
0,00569
U AB = (B) (C)
0,00186
0
0,00186
0
UBC =
0
0
FBC = K BC UBC
0,00186
8586,9944 0,0000 -8586,9944 0,0000
0
K BC = 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000
UBC =
-8586,9944 0,0000 8586,9944 0,0000 0
0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000
0
15,9 kN
15,9 kN 15,9 kN
0
FBC =
15,9 kN
(B) (C)
0
(A)
Sistema de unidades
Fora: kilonewtons (kN)
Comprimento: metros (m)
27 kN
2,4 m
(B) (C )
2 mm
1,8 m 2,7 m
Barra AC
EI=210x106 kNm2; A=113,04 x106 m2; L=5,1 m; =28,07 (unidades: kN, m)
R1 U1 R3 R4
3539,3169 -1887,6357 -3539,3169 1887,6357 R1
K AC = -1887,6357
-3539,3169
1006,7390
1887,6357
1887,6357
3539,3169
-1006,7390
-1887,6357
U1
R3
1887,6357 -1006,7390 -1887,6357 1006,7390 R4
Barra BC
EI=210x106 kNm2; A=113,04 x10-6 m2; L=2,7 m; =0 (unidades: kN, m)
U2 R2 R3 R4
8586,9944 0,0000 -8586,9944 0,0000 U2
K BC
= 0,0000
-8586,9944
0,0000
0,0000
0,0000
8586,9944
0,0000
0,0000
R2
R3
0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 R4
F = K U
FU K UU K UR U U
F = K
R RU K RR U R
U1 U2 R1 R2 R3 R4
27 U1 U1
0 U2 U2
R1
=
0
R1
R2 R2 0
R3 R3 0
R4 R4
0,002
FU = K UU U U + K UR U R
U1 U2
27 5952,8478 3709,5816 U1
U1
= +
0 3709,5816 11369,1806 U2
U2
R1 R2 R3 R4
X X X 1006 ,7390 U1
0
+
X X X 0,0000 U2
0
0
0,006118 mm 0,002
UU =
mm
0 ,001996
Anlise Matricial de Estruturas 24/88
FESP Faculdade de Engenharia So Paulo
CE2 Estabilidade das Construes II
FR = K RU U U + K RR U R
U1 U2
R1 5597,2173 2782,1862 R1
R1 R2 R3 R4
1887 ,6357
24,9 kN
R1 0
0 22,9 kN
+ 0
FR =
R2
Dx = 0.000e+000 mm
Dy = -6.118e+000 mm
Rz = 0.000e+000 rad
Dx = 0.000e+000 mm
Dy = -2.000e+000 mm
Rz = 0.000e+000 rad
Deslocamentos Nodais
Dx = 1.996e+000 mm
Dy = 0.000e+000 mm
Rz = 0.000e+000 rad
y n inicial n final
j
3 GL /N
i
u1,u2 ,u3
x u4 ,u5 ,u6
u1 f1
u2 u5 u f
i j 2 2
u3 u1 u6 u4
u3 f3
ui j = f i j =
u 4 f4
f2 f5 u5 f5
i j
f4
u6 f6
f3 f1 f6
0 0
1 12EI / L3
0 6EI / L
2
ui j = k i j =
0 0
0 12EI / L
3
2
0 6EI / L
0 0
0 6EI / L
2
1 4EI / L
ui j = k i j =
0 0
0 6EI / L
2
0 2EI / L
EA / L 0 0 EA / L 0 0
0 12EI / L3 6EI / L
2
0 12EI / L3 6EI / L
2
0 6EI / L
2
4EI / L 0 6EI / L
2
2EI / L
k i j =
EA / L 0 0 EA / L 0 0
0 12EI / L
3
6EI / L2 0 12EI / L
3
6EI / L
2
2 2
0 6EI / L 2EI / L 0 6EI / L 4EI / L
cos sen 0 0 0 0
U55
u sen cos 0 0 0 0
0
uU66
0 1 0 0 0
T =
u4 0 0 0 cos sen 0
U4
0 0 0 sen cos 0
0 0 0 0 0 1
U22
u
Matriz de transformao do sistema global
u1
(referncia) para o sistema local (barra):
u3 U1
U3
U55
u
uU66 Transformao da matriz de rigidez do
u4
U4 sistema local (barra) para o sistema global:
U22
u
K i j = TT k i j T
u3 u1
U3 U1
EA / L 0 0 EA / L 0 0 A B C D FE
12EI / L3
B G K
0 12EI / L3 6EI / L2 0 6EI / L2
H I
J
i-j 0 6EI / L2 4EI / L 0 6EI / L2 2EI / L C H L M N O
k= =
EA / L 0 0 EA / L 0 0 D I M P Q R
0 12EI / L3 6EI / L2 0 12EI / L3 6EI / L 2 E J N Q S T
0 6EI / L2 2EI / L 0 6EI / L2 4EI / L F K O R T U
cos sen 0 0 0 0 c s 0 0 0 0
sen cos 0 0 0 0 s c 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
T= =
0 0 0 cos sen 0 0 0 0 c s 0
0 0 0 sen cos 0 0 0 0 s c 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
c ( A c B s ) s ( B c G s ) s ( A c B s ) + c ( B c G s ) C c H s
c ( B c + A s ) s ( G c + B s ) s ( B c + A s ) + c ( G c + B s ) H c + C s
C c H s H c + C s
K i j = L
c ( D c E s ) s ( I c J s ) c ( I c J s ) + s ( D c E s ) M c N s
c ( E c + D s ) s ( J c + I s ) c ( J c + I s ) + s ( E c + D s ) N c + M s
F c K s K c + F s O
c ( D c I s ) s ( E c J s ) c ( E c J s ) + s ( D c I s ) F c K s
c ( I c + D s ) s ( J c + E s ) c ( J c + E s ) + s ( I c + D s ) K c + F s
M c N s N c + M s O
c ( P c Q s ) s ( Q c S s ) c ( Q c S s ) + s ( P c Q s ) R c T s
c ( Q c + P s ) s ( S c + Q s ) c ( S c + Q s ) + s ( Q c + P s ) T c + R s
R c T s T c + R s U
Carregamento uniformemente
distribudo
p pL/2 pL/2
=
L pL2/12
pL2/12
Carga concentrada
P Pb2. Pa2 .
(L+2a) L3
(L+2b)
a b L3
=
L
Pab2 Pa2b
L2 L2
100 kN/m
2 3
1 4
6m
Barra 23
Viga de concreto seo retangular 20/60 E=23800000 kN/m2 L=6m =0o
476000 0 0 -476000 0 0
0 4760 14280 0 -4760 14280
K 2-3 = 0 14280 57120 0 -14280 28560
-476000 0 0 476000 0 0
0 -4760 -14280 0 4760 -14280
0 14280 28560 0 -14280 57120
Barra 34
Pilar de concreto seo retangular 20/60 E=23800000 kN/m2 L=8m =270o
2008 0 8033 -2008 0 8033
0 357000 0 0 -357000 0
K 34 = 8033
-2008
0
0
42840
-8033
-8033
2008
0
0
21420
-8033
0 -357000 0 0 357000 0
8033 0 21420 -8033 0 42840
300 kN 300 kN
100 kN/m 300 kN.m 300 kN.m
2 3
=
1 4
6m
Foras nodais equivalentes
R4 U1 U2 R5 U3 U4
2 3
1 4
R1 R2 R3
R6 R7 U5
INCGNITAS BSICAS:
Graus liberdade (deslocamentos)
e reaes de apoio
F = K U
FU K UU K UR UU
F = K
R RU K RR U R
U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7
U1
U2
FU K UU K UR U3 UU
U4
(5 1) (5 5) (5 7) U5 (5 1)
= R1
R2
R3
FR K RU K RR R4 UR
R5
(7 5) (7 7) R6
(7 1) (7 1)
R7
Vetor deslocamento
R4 U1 U2 R5 U3 U4
(incgnito) 0 R1
U1 0 R2
U
2 0 R3
U U = U3
U R = 0 R4
U4 0 R5
U5
0 R6
0 R7
R1 R2 R3 Deslocamento prescrito
R6 R7 U5 pelo sistema de vinculao
(apoios rgidos)
300 kN 300 kN
Vetor carregamento
300 kN.m 300 kN.m
(foras externas ativas)
R1
R4 U1 U2 300 U1 R
R5 U3 U4
300 U2 2
R 3
FU = 300 U3
FR = R 4
U
+ 300 4 R 5
0 U5
R 6
R 7
R1 R2 R3
R6 R7 U5 Vetor carregamento incgnito
(foras externas reativas)
R4 U1 U2 R5 U3 U4
R4 U1 U2 R5 U3 U4
476000 0 0 -476000 0 0 R4
0 4760 14280 0 -4760 14280 U1
0 14280 57120 0 -14280 28560 U2
-476000 0 0 476000 0 0 R5
0 -4760 -14280 0 4760 -14280 U3
0 14280 28560 0 -14280 57120 U4
R5 U3 U4 R6 R7 U5
2008 0 8033 -2008 0 8033 R5
0 357000 0 0 -357000 0 U3
8033 0 42840 -8033 0 21420 U4
-2008 0 -8033 2008 0 -8033 R6
0 -357000 0 0 357000 0 R7
8033 0 21420 -8033 0 42840 U5
R1 R2 R3
R6 R7 U5
R1 R2 R3 R4 U1 U2
2008 0 -8033 -2008 0 -8033 R1
0 357000 0 0 -357000 0 R2
-8033 0 42840 8033 0 21420 R3
-2008 0 8033 2008 0 8033 R4
0 -357000 0 0 357000 0 U1
-8033 0 21420 8033 0 42840 U2
0
FU = K UU U U + K UR U R
FU = K UU U U
u11
U u22
U u33
U u4
U4 u5
U5
300 361760 14280 -4760 14280 0 U1
300 14280 99960 -14280 28560 0 U2
300 = -4760 -14280 361760 -14280 0 U3
+ 300 14280 28560 -14280 99960 21420 U4
0 0 0 0 21420 42840 U5
Deslocamentos nodais
U1= 0,856 mm U3= 0,825 mm
(translao e rotao)
0,000856 (m)
U2= 4,357x103 rad
U4= + 4,761x103 rad
0,004357
U U = 0,000825 (rad)
(m)
+ 0,004761 (rad)
0,002380 (rad)
0
FR = K RU U U + K RR U R
FR = K RU U U
U1 U2 U3 U4 U5
0
0,004357
R1 0 - 8023 0 0 R1
R - 357000 0 0 0 0
0,000856
2 R2
R 3
=
0 21420 0 0 0
R3
0,000825
+ 0,004761
R 4 0 8033 0 0 0 R4
R 5 0 0 0 8033 8033 R5
R 6
R 7
0
0
0
0
0
- 357000
- 8033 - 8033
0 0
R6
R7
0,002380
R4 = 35,0 kN R5 = 19,1 kN
Reaes de apoio
(foras e momentos)
35,0 (kN)
93,3
305,6
(kN)
(kN.m)
FR = 35,0 (kN)
19,1 (kN)
19,1 (kN)
294,4
R1 = 35,0 kN R6 = 19,1 kN
(kN)
R3 = 93,3 kN.m
R2 = 305,6 kN R7 = 294,4 kN
U4 F4
2 3 2 2
1 4 1 1
U1 F1
U3 F3
U2 F2
F 1 2
=K 1 2
U 1 2
0 35,0
305,6
0
93,3
U 12 =
0
F 12 =
0 35, 0
305,6
0,000856
0 , 004357 186,7
2
0 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
T=
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1-2 = 90
0 0 0 0 0 1
35,0 N1 305,6
305,6 V1 35,0
M 93,3
93,3
f 12 = T F12 F 12 =
f 12 = 1 =
305,6
35, 0
N2
305,6 2
V 35, 0
186,7 M 2 186 , 7
186,7 kN.m
2 3 2 35,0 kN
1 4 1 35,0 kN
93,3 kN.m
305,6 kN
U1 2 3 U4
2 3
U3 U6
U2 U5
F1 2 3 F4
1 4 F3
F6
F2 F5
F 2 3 = K 2 3 U 2 3
476000 0 0 -476000 0 0
0 4760 14280 0 -4760 14280
K 23 = 0 14280 57120 0 -14280 28560
-476000 0 0 476000 0 0
0 -4760 -14280 0 4760 -14280
0 14280 28560 0 -14280 57120
0 0
5,6
0,000856
0,004357 113,3
U 2 3 = F 23 =
0 0
5,6
0,000825
0 , 004761 147,1
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
2 3
0 0 1 0 0 0
T=
0 0 0 1 0 0 2-3 = 0
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1
0 N1 0
5,6 V1 5,6
113,3 M 113,3
f 2 3 = T F 2 3 F 23 =
0
f 2 3 = 1 =
N2 0
5,6
2
V 5 , 6
147,1 2
M 147 ,1
300 kN 300 kN
100 kN/m 100 kN/m
300 kN.m 300 kN.m 300 kN.m
300 kN.m
300 kN 300 kN
= +
100 kN/m
0 kN 2 30 kN 186,7 kN.m 152,9 kN.m
113,3 kN.m
5,6 kN 147,1 kN.m
5,6 kN
+ 305,6 kN 294,4 kN
x
100 kN/m
300 kN.m 300 kN.m 100 x 2
M ( x ) = 305,6 x 186,7
2
dM ( x )
= 305,6 100 x = 0 x MX = 3,056 m
300 kN 300 kN dx
M MX = M (3,056) = 280,3 kN m
100 kN/m
186,7 kN.m 152,9 kN.m
305,6 kN 294,4 kN
x MX = 3,056 m
152,9 kN.m
186,7 kN.m
186,7
186,7 152,9
152,9
280,3
Diagrama de Momentos
Fletores (kN.m)
93,3
305,6
294,4
Diagrama de Foras
Normais (kN)
305,6
294,4
35,0
19,1
Diagrama de Foras
Cortantes (kN)
Analisar para o prtico plano do Exemplo 1.3.5 a variao da fora normal nos
pilares devida ao recalque diferencial vertical de 2mm no apoio (4). Dados:
mdulo de elasticidade do concreto E = 23800000 kN/m2 e seo retangular
20x60 cm para a viga e os pilares. Operar com seis casas decimais.
300 kN 300 kN
300 kN.m 300 kN.m
6m
2 3
1 4
2 mm
2 3 476000 0 0 -476000 0 0
0 4760 14280 0 -4760 14280
0 14280 57120 0 -14280 28560
K 23 = -476000
0
0
-4760
0
-14280
476000
0
0
4760
0
-14280
0 14280 28560 0 -14280 57120
K 12 = -8033
-2008 0
0 42840
8033
8033
2008
0
0
21420
8033
0 -357000 0 0 357000 0
-8033 0 21420 8033 0 42840
R4 U1 U2 R5 U3 U4
R4 R5
2 3
1 4
R1 R6
R1 R2 R3
R6 R7 U5 R3
R2
INCGNITAS BSICAS: R7
Graus liberdade (deslocamentos)
e reaes de apoio
FU K UU K UR UU
F = K
R RU K RR U R
U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7
300 U1 U1
300 U2 U2
300 U3 U3
+300 U4
=
U4
0 U5 U5
R1 R1 0
R2 R2 0
R3 R3 0
R4 R4 0
R5 R5 0
R6 R6 0
R7 R7 0,002
...
-0,002
U1 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U1
-300 361760 14280 -4760 14280 0 U1
-300 14280 99960 -14280 28560 0 U2
-1014 = -4760 -14280 361760 -14280 0 . U3
300 14280 28560 -14280 99960 21420 U4
0 0 0 0 21420 42840 U5
0,000864 (m)
Deslocamentos nodais 0,004569 (rad)
U U = 0,002817 (m)
(translao e rotao) + 0,004511 (rad)
0,002256 (rad)
U1
U1 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 R7 -0,000864
-0,004569
R2 -357000 0 0 0 0 ... 0 -0,002817
= .
R7 0 0 -357000 0 0 357000 +0,004511
-0,002256
...
-0,002
R2=305,6 kN R2=308,5 kN
Base do prtico
R7=294,4 kN R7=291,5 kN
U1 = 0,8641 mm U3 = 2,817 mm
U2 = 4,569e-003 rad U4 = 4,511e-003 rad
RECALQUE = 2,000 mm
U5 = 2,256e-003 rad
Deslocamentos nodais
6m
2 3
1 4
k=40000 kN/m
5
2 3 476000 0 0 -476000 0 0
0 4760 14280 0 -4760 14280
0 14280 57120 0 -14280 28560
K 23 = -476000
0
0
-4760
0
-14280
476000
0
0
4760
0
-14280
0 14280 28560 0 -14280 57120
K 12
= -8033
-2008 0
0 42840
8033
8033
2008
0
0
21420
8033
K 45 =
-40000 40000
0 -357000 0 0 357000 0
-8033 0 21420 8033 0 42840
R4 U1 U2 R5 U3 U4
R4 R5
2 3
R1 1 4 R6
R6 U5 U6
R1 R2 R3 R7
R3 R2
R7
INCGNITAS BSICAS:
Graus liberdade (deslocamentos)
e reaes de apoio
U1 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U1
-300 361760 14280 -4760 14280 0 0 U1
-300 14280 99960 -14280 28560 0 0 U2
-300 = -4760 -14280 361760 -14280 -357000 0 . U3
300 14280 28560 -14280 99960 0 21420 U4
0 0 0 -357000 0 397000 0 U5
0 0 0 0 21420 0 42840 U6
0,000884 (m)
Deslocamentos nodais 0,005111 (rad)
(translao e rotao) UU = + 0,007903
(m)
0,003874 (rad)
0,007106 (m)
0,001937 (rad)
U3 = 7,903 mm
U1 = 0,8844 mm
U4 = 3,874e-003 rad
U2 =5,111e-003 rad
U5 = 7,106 mm
U6 = 1,937e-003 rad
Deslocamentos nodais
e reaes de apoio
3,0 m
0,0000 1820,4000 2427,2000 0,0000 -1820,4000 4854,4000
33,33 kN.m
60 kN.m
A B C
4,0 m 6,0 m
Rz = 5,536e03 rad
Rz = +7,103e03 rad
Dado o modelo de elementos finitos de uma viga contnua apoiada sobre uma
base elstica de rigidez K = 4000 N/mm. Determinar o recalque no apoio B,
quando for aplicado o carregamento uniformemente distribudo 20 N/mm, e a
reao vertical no N D. So dadas as matrizes de rigides no sistema local
das barras. Determine tambm os momentos fletores e foras cortantes.
20 N/mm 200 mm
B 10 mm
A C
K= 40 N/mm
K=4000 N/mm 250 mm
D 10 mm
4000mm 4000mm
315000 0 0 -315000 0 0
0 2541 5082938 0 -2541 5082938
K A B = K BC = 0
-315000
5082938
0
13554500000
0
0
315000
-5082938
0
6777250000
0
0 -2541 -5082938 0 2541 -5082938
0 5082938 6777250000 0 -5082938 13554500000
20 N/mm
Matriz de rigidez: Elemento de mola BD
Rigidez elstica do solo K = 4000 N/mm
A B C
K=4000 N/mm 4000 -4000
K BD =
D
-4000 4000
4000mm 4000mm
20 N/mm
=
40000 N
40000 N
26,667x106 N.mm 26,667x106 N.mm
R4 U1 R5
R1 R2 R3
R6
U1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
40000 6541 U1 U1 0
R1 0 R1 0 0
R2 - 2541 40000
=
R2 0
R3 -5082938 R3 0 26666667
R4 0 R4 0 0
R5 - 5082938 R5 0 26666667
R6 - 2000 R6 0 0
17,6 kN
U1 = 8,81 mm
71,4 kN.m
62,4 kN
18,1 kN.m
25,9 kN.m
17,6 kN