ECN925 – Metodologia da Economia

Professor: Hugo Eduardo Araujo da Gama Cerqueira

Período letivo: 2° semestre de 2020

Programa e bibliografia

1 - A filosofia da ciência no século XX: o indutivismo e o falsificacionismo

AYER, Alfred (ed.). Logical positivism. New York: The Free Press, 1959.
FRENCH, Steven. Science: key concepts in philosophy. London: Continuum, 2007.
[Ciência: conceitos chave em filosofia. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2009.]
• HEMPEL, Carl. Philosophy of natural Science. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1966.
[Filosofia da ciência natural. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 1981.]
• HANSON, Norwood R.. Patterns of discovery. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1958. (capítulo 1)
• POPPER, Karl. The logic of scientific Discovery. London: Routledge, 1959. (Part I.
Introduction to the logic of science)
[A lógica da pesquisa científica. São Paulo: Cultrix, 1996. (parte I)]
• POPPER, Karl. Conjectural knowledge. In: _______. Objective knowledge: an evolutionary
approach. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979.
[Conhecimento objetivo. Belo Horizonte: Itatiaia, 1975. (capítulo 1)]
LOSEE, John. Introdução histórica à filosofia da ciência. Lisboa: Terramar, 1998 [1980].
(capítulos 10 a 14)
BLAUG, Mark. Metodologia da economia; ou como os economistas explicam. São Paulo:
Edusp, 1993. (capítulos 1 e 2, parte I)
REDMAN, Deborah. Economics and the philosophy of science. Oxford: Oxford U. P., 1993.
(capítulos 1 a 6)
• CALDWELL, Bruce. Beyond positivism: economic methodology in the twentieth century.
London: Routledge, 1994. (capítulos 2 a 5)
GODFREY-SMITH, Peter. Theory and reality: an introduction to philosophy of science.
Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2003 (capítulos 2 a 4).
HANDS, D. Wade. Reflection without rules: economic methodology and contemporary science
theory. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2001. (capítulo 3)
MAGALHÃES, Theresa Calvet de. O racionalismo crítico e as críticas de Popper ao empirismo
lógico. In: _________. Filosofia analítica e filosofia política: a dimensão pública da
linguagem. Belo Horizonte: Arraes Editores, 2011.

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2 - A filosofia da ciência no século XX: a crítica da “visão aceita”

• FEYERABEND, Paul. Against method: outline of an anarchistic theory of knowledge. London:

Verso, 1993.
[Contra o método. São Paulo: Editora Unesp, 2003]
• KUHN, Thomas. The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago: The University of Chicago
Press, 1996.
[A estrutura das revoluções científicas. São Paulo: Perspectiva, 1982].
KUHN, Thomas. Reflections on my critics. In: LAKATOS, Imre, MUSGRAVE, Alan (ed.).
Criticism and the growth of knowledge, Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1970.
[Reflexões sobre meus críticos. In: LAKATOS, Imre, MUSGRAVE, Alan (ed.). A
crítica e o desenvolvimento do conhecimento. São Paulo: Cultrix, 1979.]
• LAKATOS, Imre. Falsification and the methodology of scientific research programmes. In:
LAKATOS, Imre, MUSGRAVE, Alan (ed.). Criticism and the growth of knowledge,
Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1970.
[O falseamento e a metodologia dos programas de pesquisa científica. In: LAKATOS,
Imre, MUSGRAVE, Alan (ed.). A crítica e o desenvolvimento do conhecimento. São
Paulo: Cultrix, 1979.]
LAKATOS, Imre. History of science and its rational reconstructions. In: LAKATOS, Imre. The
methodology of scientific research programmes (Philosophical Papers, Volume I),
Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1978.
[História da ciência e suas reconstruções racionais. In: LAKATOS, Imre. História da
ciência e suas reconstruções racionais. Lisboa: Edições 70, 1998].
QUINE, Willard Van Orman. Two dogmas of empiricism. In: _______. From a logical point of
view. 2nd edition, Cambridge: Harvard U.P., 1996.
[Dois dogmas do empirismo. In: RYLE, Gilbert et alli. Ensaios. (Os Pensadores). São
Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1985.]
GODFREY-SMITH, Peter. Theory and reality: an introduction to philosophy of science.
Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2003 (capítulos 5 e 6).

3 - A metodologia da economia mainstream

BLAUG, Mark. Metodologia da economia; ou como os economistas explicam. São Paulo:

Edusp, 1993. (parte II)
BOUMANS, Marcel; DAVIS, John. Economic methodology: understanding economics as a
science. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
• CALDWELL, Bruce. Beyond positivism: economic methodology in the twentieth century.
London: Routledge, 1994. (capítulos 6 a 9)
HANDS, D. Wade. Reflection without rules: economic methodology and contemporary science
theory. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2001. (capítulos 2 e 7)
• HAUSMAN, Daniel. Economic methodology in a nutshell, Journal of Economic Perspectives,
v. 3, pp. 115-27, 1989.
HAUSMAN, Daniel. The inexact and separate science of economics. Cambridge: Cambridge
U.P., 1992. (capítulos 9 a 11).

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 HAUSMAN, Daniel. Philosophy of economics. In: ZALTA, Edward N. (ed.), The Stanford
Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition).
MASS, Harro. Economic methodology: a historical introduction. New York: Routledge, 2014.
• REDMAN, Deborah. Economics and the philosophy of science. Oxford: Oxford U. P., 1993.
(capítulos 7 a 9).
REDMAN, Deborah. The rise of political economy as a science: methodology and the classical
economists. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1997.

3.1 - John Stuart Mill e o modelo hipotético-dedutivo

• MILL, John Stuart. Da definição de Economia Política e do método de investigação próprio a

ela. In: ________ Sistema de Lógica Indutiva e Dedutiva e Outros Textos. (Os
Pensadores) São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1979.
MILL, John Stuart. A lógica das ciências morais. São Paulo: Iluminuras, 1999.
MATTOS, Laura Valadão de. Economia política e mudança social: a filosofia econômica de
John Stuart Mill. São Paulo: Edusp, 1998. (capítulo 3)
HAUSMAN, Daniel. John Stuart Mill’s philosophy of economics. In: ________ Essays on
philosophy and economic methodology. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1992.
WHITAKER, J. K.. John Stuart Mill’s methodology, Journal of political economy, v. 83 (5):
1033-49, 1975.

3.2 - Lionel Robbins

• ROBBINS, Lionel. The nature and significance of economic science. In: HAUSMAN, Daniel.
The Philosophy of Economics: an anthology. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1994.
ROBBINS, Lionel. Economics and political economy, American economic review, v. 71: 1-10,
1981.
RAMOS, José Maria Rodriguez. Lionel Robbins: contribuição para a metodologia da economia.
São Paulo: Edusp, 1993.
HANDS, D. Wade. Effective tension in Robbins' economic methodology. Economica, v. 76 (1):
831-844, 2009.

3.3 – Terence Hutchison

• HUTCHISON, Terence. The significance and basic postulates of economic theory. New York:
Augustus M. Kelley, 1965 [1938].
HUTCHISON, Terence. On verification in economics. In: HAUSMAN, Daniel (org.). The
philosophy of economics: an anthology. 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1994.
KNIGHT, Frank. “What is truth” in economics?, Journal of political economy, v. 48 (1): 1-32,
1940.

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 MACHLUP, Fritz. On indirect verification. In: HAUSMAN, Daniel (org.). The philosophy of
economics: an anthology. 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1994.
Ver também os artigos do simpósio “Symposium on Terence Hutchison and Economic
Methodology” no Journal of economic methodology, v. 16 (3), 2009.

3.4 – O instrumentalismo de Milton Friedman

• FRIEDMAN, Milton. The methodology of positive economics. In: ________. Essays in positive
economics. Chicago: Chicago U.P., 1953.
BOLAND, Laurence. A critique of Friedman´s critics, Journal of economic literature, v. 21:
503-22, 1979.
CODDINGTON, Alan. Friedman´s contribution to methodological controversy, British review
of economic issues, v. 2(4): 1-13, 1979.
HAUSMAN, Daniel. Why look under the hood. In: ________. Essays on philosophy and
economic methodology. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 1992.
MÄKI, Uskali. On the problem of realism in economics. Ricerche Economiche, v. 43 (1-2):
176-198, 1989.
MÄKI, Uskali (ed.). The methodology of positive economics: reflections on the Milton
Friedman legacy. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2009.

3.5 – O intervalo popperiano

• HANDS, D. Wade. Popper and Lakatos in economic methodology. In: MÄKI, Uskali et alli
(ed.). Rationality, institutions and economic methodology. London: Routledge, 1993.
HANDS, D. Wade. Karl Popper and economic methodology, Economics and philosophy, v.
1(1): 83-99, 1985.
• BACKHOUSE, Roger. The Lakatosian legacy in economic methodology. In: BACKHOUSE,
Roger. New directions in economic methodology. London: Routledge, 1994.
• HAUSMAN, Daniel. Kuhn, Lakatos and the character of economics. In: BACKHOUSE, Roger.
New directions in economic methodology. London: Routledge, 1994
CALDWELL, Bruce. Clarifying Popper, Journal of economic literature, v. 29(1): 1-33, 1991.

3.6 – McCloskey e a retórica da economia

• McCLOSKEY, D.. A retórica da economia. In: REGO, José Márcio (org.). Retórica na
economia. São Paulo: Editora 34, 1996.
McCLOSKEY, D.. The rhetoric of economics. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2nd
edition, 1998.
McCLOSKEY, D. Knowledge and persuasion in economics. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P.,
1994.

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BACKHOUSE, Roger. New directions in economic methodology. London: Routledge, 1994.
(capítulos 1, 4, 15 a 17)
BOYLAN, Thomas, O’GORMAN, Paschal. Beyond rhetoric and realism in economics.
London: Routledge, 1995.
MÄKI, Uskali. How to combine rhetoric and realism in the methodology of economics,
Economics and philosophy, v. 4(1): 89-109, 1988.
PERELMAN, Chaïm, OLBRECHTS-TYTECA, Lucie. Tratado da argumentação. São Paulo:
Martins Fontes, 1996.

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Recursos de apoio
Três coletâneas são especialmente úteis:
DAVIS, John (ed.). Recent developments in economic methodology. (3 volumes) Edward Elgar, 2006.
HAUSMAN, Daniel (org.). The philosophy of economics: an anthology. 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge
U.P., 1994.
CALDWELL, Bruce (org.). The philosophy and methodology of economics. (3 volumes) Aldershot: Edward
Elgar, 1993.

Quanto aos companions e dicionários especializados, vale sempre uma consulta aos seguintes:
MÄKI, Uskali (ed.). Philosophy of economics. (Handbook of the Philosophy of Science, vol. 13).
Amsterdan: North Holland, 2012.
KINCAID, H.; ROSS, D.. The Oxford handbook of philosophy of economics. Oxford: Oxford U. P., 2009.
EATWELL, J.; MILGATE, M.; NEWMAN, P. (ed.). The new Palgrave: a dictionary of economics. London:
Macmillan, 1987.
DAVIS, J.; HANDS, D.W.; MÄKI, U.. The handbook of economic methodology. Cheltenham, UK: Edward
Elgar, 1998.
NEWTON-SMITH, W. H. (ed.). A companion to the philosophy of science. Oxford: Blackwell, 2001.
MACHAMER, P.; SILBERSTEIN M. (ed.). The Blackwell guide to the philosophy of science. Oxford:
Blackwell, 2002.

A produção mais recente na área de metodologia da economia é veiculada, sobretudo, nas seguintes revistas
especializadas:
Economics and Philosophy (Cambridge U.P., 1985-...);
Journal of Economic Methodology (Routledge, 1994-...).
Revue de Philosophie Économique (Vuibert, 2000…)
The Journal of Philosophical Economics (Rosetti Educational, 2007…)
The Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics (EIPE, 2008…)
Economic Thought - History, Philosophy, and Methodology (2012…)
OEconomia - History/Methodology/Philosophy (2011...)

Naturalmente, outras revistas de economia e de filosofia também publicam trabalhos na área de metodologia da
economia.

HEAGC
BH, 11/01/2021