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01
Descrio do Exame:
O TEAP composto de dois textos. Cada texto seguido de duas sees, cada
uma com tipos especficos de questes. As questes procuram simular situaes
comumente encontradas em ambiente profissional e acadmico e devem ser
respondidas em portugus.
A Seo 1 composta de um texto seguido de quatro questes dissertativas, as
quais visam avaliar a habilidade de compreenso e de localizao de informao.
Nesta seo importante incluir nas respostas informaes extradas do texto que
efetivamente demonstrem a existncia de compreenso. Evite respostas baseadas
apenas em conhecimento prvio sobre o assunto.
A Seo 2 composta de trs questes para cada texto. Estas questes visam a
avaliao da compreenso detalhada de trechos extrados do texto. Para tanto,
solicitado que o trecho selecionado seja reescrito em portugus. A decodificao
palavra-por-palavra deve ser evitada, pois tal estratgia freqentemente resulta em
textos sem sentido quando lidos em portugus. Recomenda-se que sejam feitas as
adaptaes necessrias para que a resposta seja coerente e demonstre que houve
compreenso do texto original em ingls.
02
Text 1
Foodborne Infectious Disease
Text 1
03
2) Em que nvel se encontra a incidncia de doenas infecciosas alimentares nos EUA ao longo da ltima dcada?
Quais os motivos?
04 Text 1
Reescreva em portugus os trechos selecionados abaixo. (Lembre-se de que no se trata de uma traduo literal: voc
pode reproduzir o contedo integral do trecho com outras palavras, desde que mantenha o sentido original.)
5) Since 2004, there has been a 43% decline in the E. coli contamination of ground-beef samples tested by the USDA
a decrease that follows intensified federal regulatory efforts to enhance food-safety systems and microbiologic
testing by commercial meat producers. Much less progress has been made in enhancing the safety of commercially
produced vegetables.
6) Cooking spinach properly (at 160F for at least 15 seconds) can eliminate the risk, but undercooking is probably
common: the undercooking of foods such as poultry or eggs still causes millions of cases of salmonella and
campylobacter infection each year. More than four million tons of lettuce, spinach, and sprouts are consumed in North
America every year, and it is unclear how much the risk is reduced by rewashing the produce, even if the consumer
bothers to do it.
7) Irradiation of high-risk foods after processing could greatly reduce the incidence of all bacterial foodborne disease
and save hundreds of lives each year. The efficacy and safety of food irradiation have been established through
extensive research, which has demonstrated that irradiation kills or markedly reduces counts of food pathogens
without impairing the nutritional value of the food or making it toxic, carcinogenic, or radioactive.
05
06
Text 2
An appointment with chance
progeny. Other cells will not. Dr Zhu found that about 4% of the cells
from his chopstick-injured patient were able to form such colonies,
which confirmed his conjecture. Thus inspired, he started collecting
samples from other patients with traumatic open-head injuries
(though none with quite such an unusual cause as the first). He has
managed to derive neural stem cells from 16 of these patients, out
of a total of 22, and believes that success depends on which region
of the brain is affected. Cells from the IPS are the best source, so it
seems he was lucky in his original patient.
4- First, Dr Zhu tried it out on mice (with their immune systems
turned off, so that they would not reject the cells). He injected stem
cells he had cultured from his patients into mouse brains and found
that they differentiated into the various cell types found in the
nervous system. The resulting nerve cells were able to conduct
electrical impulses and could form the
specialized junctions called synapses.
Having shown that the stem cells worked in
healthy mouse brains, Dr Zhu tried them
out on injured mouse brains. Another
property of stem cells is to accumulate at
sites of injury, where their services are
obviously needed. In order to track the
movements of the cells, his team attached
tiny magnetic particles to them before they
transplanted them, and also injected them
with a dye. They found that cells implanted
into healthy brains stayed put, whereas those implanted into
damaged brains moved towards the injured area.
5- So the team moved on to people. They transplanted neural
stem cells derived from eight patients with open-head injuries back
into the patients who had provided the initial tissue and allowed the
cells to migrate to the injury sites. (In one case, they used magnetic
particles to follow the process.) Then they asked a separate group
of specialists to look both at their experimental patients and at a
group of people with similar brain injuries but no transplant. The
second research group did not know who had and who had not
been treated, so as to make the trial blind. Using standard
behavioral tests, they concluded that the treated patients had lower
disability scores.
Adapted from the Economist - November, 2006
Text 2
07
08 Text 2
Reescreva em portugus os trechos selecionados abaixo. (Lembre-se de que no se trata de uma traduo literal: voc
pode reproduzir o contedo integral do trecho com outras palavras, desde que mantenha o sentido original.)
12) A tragicomic stem-cell story, however, is probably a first. But a piece of research reported by Zhu Jianhong of
Fudan University and his colleagues began that way. Its first subject was a woman admitted into Huashan Hospital in
Shanghai with a chopstick in her brain. It ended triumphantly, though, with the trial of a treatment that may heal the
sort of brain injuries that the woman in question suffered.
13) Stem cells are the cells responsible for making bodies, and then repairing the natural wear and tear to which they
are subject while they are alive. The body-forming cells are the embryonic stem cells that are causing so much
political trouble in America because obtaining them involves destroying early-stage embryos known as blastocysts.
Some people think that destroying blastocysts is murder.
14) So the team moved on to people. They transplanted neural stem cells derived from eight patients with open-head
injuries back into the patients who had provided the initial tissue and allowed the cells to migrate to the injury sites.
(In one case, they used magnetic particles to follow the process.)
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