/LPLWHV2EMHWLYRVGD&RLVD

-XOJDGDQR1RYR&yGLJRGH
3URFHVVR&LYLO
+XPEHUWR7KHRGRUR-~QLRU
3URIHVVRU 7LWXODU $SRVHQWDGR GD )DFXOGDGH GH 'LUHL
WRGD8)0*'HVHPEDUJDGRU$SRVHQWDGRGR7-0*
0HPEURGD$FDGHPLD0LQHLUDGH/HWUDV-XUtGLFDVGR
,QVWLWXWRGRV$GYRJDGRVGH0LQDV*HUDLVGR,QVWLWXWR
GH 'LUHLWR &RPSDUDGR /XVR%UDVLOHLUR GR ,QVWLWXWR
%UDVLOHLUR GH 'LUHLWR 3URFHVVXDO GR ,QVWLWXWR ,EHUR
$PHULFDQR GH 'LUHLWR 3URFHVVXDO GD ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
$VVRFLDWLRQRI3URFHGXUDO/DZHGD$VVRFLDWLRQ+HQUL
&DSLWDQWGHV$PLVGHOD&XOWXUH-XULGLTXH)UDQoDLVH
'RXWRUHP'LUHLWR$GYRJDGR

680È5,2 ,QWURGXomR&RLVDMXOJDGDHGHIHVDGRUpX5D]mRGH
GHFLGLU H FRLVD MXOJDGD PDWHULDO  2 UHJLPH GDV TXHVW}HV SUHMXGLFLDLV QR
&3&/LPLWHVREMHWLYRVGDFRLVDMXOJDGDVHJXQGRR&3&
0RWLYRVGDVHQWHQoDQmRVmRDOFDQoDGRVSHODFRLVDMXOJDGDVHJXQGRDQWLJD
GRXWULQD'LVWLQomRHQWUHPRWLYRHUDWLRGHFLGHQGL5HYLVmRGRPLWRGH
TXHVyRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDSDVVDHPMXOJDGR&RLVDMXOJDGDHTXHVWmR
SUHMXGLFLDO QD SDVVDJHP GR &3& SDUD R &3&  8PD YLVmR
DWXDOL]DGtVVLPD GD WHRULD GD QHFHVViULD HVWDELOLGDGH GDV GHFLV}HV MXGLFLDLV
GHPpULWR7HQGrQFLDGRGLUHLWRFRPSDUDGRHDSRVLomRGRQRYR&3&
3URFHVVRFLYLOHVSDQKRO3URFHVVRFLYLOGD)HGHUDomR5XVVD
3URFHVVR FLYLO SRUWXJXrV  3URFHVVR FLYLO LWDOLDQR  3URFHVVR FLYLO
DOHPmR6tQWHVH

,1752'8d­2
0XLWRVHWHPGLVFXWLGRHPWRUQRGRFRQFHLWRGDFRLVDMXOJDGDPD
WHULDOWHPDTXHRGLUHLWRSRVLWLYREUDVLOHLURVLQWHWL]DHPWHUPRVSUiWLFRH
FODURVQRDUWGR&3&

70 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

 ³'HQRPLQDVH FRLVD MXOJDGD PDWHULDO D DXWRULGDGH TXH WRUQD
LPXWiYHOHLQGLVFXWtYHODGHFLVmRGHPpULWRQmRPDLVVXMHLWDD
UHFXUVR´JQ

&RPLVVRWRUQDVHFHUWRTXHHQWUHQyVQmRPDLVVHGLVFXWHVREUHVHU
RXQmRDUHVLXGLFDWDXPHIHLWRGDGHFLVmRMXGLFLDOeHODSDUDQRVVRGLUHLWR
SURFHVVXDOXPDTXDOLGDGHGRMXOJDGRTXHRWRUQDLPXWiYHOHLQGLVFXWtYHOă
QRPHVPRSURFHVVRRXHPIXWXUDVFDXVDVHQWUHDVPHVPDVSDUWHVHPWRUQR
GDPHVPDTXHVWmRăDTXLORTXHUHVWRXDVVHQWDGRHPGHFLVmRGHPpULWRFRQ
WUDDTXDOQmRPDLVFDLEDUHFXUVRDOJXP
2 TXH UHPDQHVFH SUREOHPiWLFR p GH FHUWD IRUPD D GHOLPLWDomR GR
DOFDQFH SUiWLFR GD LQGLVFXWLELOLGDGH H LPXWDELOLGDGH GR GHFLVyULR SDVVDGR
HPMXOJDGR
2QRYR&yGLJRLQRYRXQRWUDWDPHQWRGRVOLPLWHVREMHWLYRVGDFRLVD
MXOJDGDSULQFLSDOPHQWHSRUWHULQFOXtGRHPWDLVOLPLWHVDUHVROXomRGDTXHV
WmRSUHMXGLFLDOLQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGRPDQHMRGDDQWLJDDomRGHFODUDWyULD
LQFLGHQWDODUW†žeDSDUWLUGHVVDLQRYDomRQRUPDWLYDTXHVHLPS}H
XPUHH[DPHGDGRXWULQDQDFLRQDOKLVWRULFDPHQWHFRQVWUXtGDVREUHGLUHLWR
SRVLWLYRPXLWRGLIHUHQWHGRTXHYHLRDVHULPSODQWDGRSHOR&yGLJRGH
eRTXHLQWHQWDUHPRVID]HUQRSUHVHQWHHQVDLR
'RLVWHPDVUHOHYDQWHVFRQVWLWXLUmRREMHWRGHQRVVDSUHRFXSDomRL
DH[FOXVmRRXWURUDIHLWDGDIXQGDPHQWDomRGDVHQWHQoDGRDOFDQFHGDFRLVD
MXOJDGDTXHGHYHULDVHUHVWULQJLUDSURWHJHUDSHQDVDUHVSRVWDDRSHGLGRGR
DXWRUGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDHLLDLUUHOHYkQFLDGDGHIHVDGRGHPDQGDGR
QDGHOLPLWDomRGDUHVLXGLFDWDSHORPHVPRPRWLYRRXVHMDSRUVHOLPLWDUD
XPDVLPSOHVUHVLVWrQFLDDRSHGLGRGRDXWRUHVWHVLPFRQILJXUDGRUGRREMHWR
GRSURFHVVRUHVROYLGRQRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoD
&2,6$-8/*$'$('()(6$'25e8
3UHYDOHFLD HP QRVVD GRXWULQD SUiWLFD WUDGLFLRQDO D LGHQWLILFDomR GR
REMHWRGRSURFHVVRFRPRSHGLGRGRDXWRUPDQLIHVWDGRQDSHWLomRLQLFLDO
$GHFLVmRGHPpULWRQHVVDSHUVSHFWLYDVHULDDUHVSRVWDMXGLFLDOjTXHOHSHGL
GR2UpXDRFRQWHVWDUDDomRQmRDPSOLDULDRREMHWROLWLJLRVRDQmRVHU
TXDQGRXVDVVHDUHFRQYHQomRYLVWRTXHQmRIRUPXODULDSHGLGROLPLWDQGR
VHDUHVLVWLUDRSHGLGRGRDXWRUILFDQGRVXDSUHWHQVmRUHVWULWDDRSOHLWRGH
LPSURFHGrQFLDGDSUHWHQVmRGRDGYHUViULR
(VVDYLVmRWRGDYLDHVWiXOWUDSDVVDGDVHVHDWHQWDDRVLVWHPDGRQRYR
&3&6HDFRLVDMXOJDGDGHYHLQFLGLUVREUHDTXHVWmRSULQFLSDOHDTXHVWmR

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 71

SUHMXGLFLDOFRPRGHL[DFODURR&3&DUWFDSXWH†žRTXHVH
WRUQDUHOHYDQWHQDHVSpFLHVmRDVTXHVW}HVGHGX]LGDVHPMXt]RHPWRUQRGD
UHVROXomRDVHUGDGDDRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRQmRLPSRUWDQGRTXHPDVWHQKD
VXVFLWDGR6HDDXWRULGDGHGDGHFLVmRGHPpULWRDEDUFDRVSRQWRVFRQWURYHU
WLGRVTXHVW}HVSULQFLSDLVUHODFLRQDGRVFRPDSUHWHQVmRGHGLUHLWRPDWHULDO
IRUPXODGDSHORDXWRUQmRVHSRGHGHL[DUGHLQFOXLUHQWUHWDLVTXHVW}HVDTXH
ODVTXHRUpXHPVXDGHIHVDLQYRFDFRPEDVHHPIDWRVMXUtGLFRVQRYRVQmR
SDUDQHJDURIDWRFRQVWLWXWLYREiVLFRWUD]LGRSHORDXWRUSDUDIXQGDPHQWDU
VHXSHGLGRPDVSDUDDIDVWDULQFRQFUHWRDVFRQVHTXrQFLDVMXUtGLFRPDWH
ULDLVSRUHVWHSUHWHQGLGDVQDSURSRVLWXUDGDGHPDQGD
eYJRFDVRGDSUHVFULomRGDGHFDGrQFLDGRSDJDPHQWRGDFRP
SHQVDomRHGHTXDOTXHUGHIHVDLQGLUHWDGHPpULWR$UHVROXomRGRPpULWR
GDFDXVDWRPDGDDSDUWLUGRDFROKLPHQWRRXUHMHLomRGHVVDPRGDOLGDGHGH
GHIHVDQmRSRGHGHL[DUGHVHUYLVWDFRPRVROXomRGHTXHVWmRSULQFLSDORX
SHORPHQRVGHTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOFRQIRUPHRFDVR(DVVLPVHQGRDIRUoD
GH FRLVD MXOJDGD PDWHULDO KDYHUi GH PDQLIHVWDUVH WDQWR HP IDFH GR DXWRU
FRPRGRUpXSRXFRLPSRUWDQGRTXHDTXHVWmRUHVROYLGDWHQKDVLGRSURYR
FDGDSRUXPDRXRXWUDSDUWH2FHUWRpTXHDFRQWURYpUVLDVHS{VHPMXt]R
HQYROYHQGRWHPDUHOHYDQWHLQWHJUDQWHGRREMHWROLWLJLRVRHGHWDOVRUWHWHULD
ILJXUDGRFRPRWHPDGHFLVLYRSDUDRDFROKLPHQWRRXDUHMHLomRGRSHGLGR
LGHQWLILFDGRUGRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRRXVHMDGRVHXPpULWR
2GLUHLWRGHDomRFRPRGLUHLWRVXEMHWLYRS~EOLFRDXW{QRPRHDEV
WUDWRTXHYLVDjWXWHODMXULVGLFLRQDOGR(VWDGRQmRFDEHDSHQDVDRDXWRU
$VVLPFRPRHVWHRH[HUFLWDSRUPHLRGDSHWLomRLQLFLDORUpXGDPHVPD
IRUPDWDPEpPRID]PHGLDQWHFRQWHVWDomRSRLVWDQWRQRDWDTXHGRSULPHL
URFRPRQDGHIHVDGRVHJXQGRRTXHVHEXVFDpXPDVyFRLVDDSURYLGrQFLD
RILFLDOTXHKiGHS{UILPjOLGHPHGLDQWHDSOLFDomRGDYRQWDGHFRQFUHWDGD
OHLjVLWXDomRFRQWURYHUWLGD
'Dt D OLomR GH &28785( GH TXH R GLUHLWR GH GHIHVD HP MXt]R VH
DILJXUD FRPR XP GLUHLWR SDUDOHOR j DomR PDQLSXODGD SHOR DXWRU 3RGHVH
GL]HUFRPRJUDQGHPHVWUHTXHpDDomRGRUpX³2DXWRUSHGHMXVWLoDUH
FODPDQGRDOJRFRQWUDRGHPDQGDGRHHVWHSHGHMXVWLoDVROLFLWDQGRDUHSXOVD
GDGHPDQGD´

&28785((GXDUGR-)XQGDPHQWRVGHOGHUHFKRSURFHVDOFLYLO%XHQRV$LUHV'HSDOPDQS3DUDRQRYR
&yGLJRGH3URFHVVR&LYLOIUDQFrVDDomRFDEHWDQWRDRDXWRUFRPRDRUpX3DUDRDXWRUpRGLUHLWRGHVHURXYLGRHPMXt]R
DFHUFDGHXPDSUHWHQVmRDÀPGHTXHRMXL]DUHFRQKHoDSURFHGHQWHRXLPSURFHGHQWH3DUDRGHPDQGDGRpRGLUHLWRGH
GLVFXWLUDSURFHGrQFLDGDPHVPDSUHWHQVmRDUW²1&3&DUW

72 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

 &RPRREVHUYD',',(5-Ó1,25DWHQGrQFLDGRXWULQiULDDWXDOpQR
VHQWLGRGHLQFOXLUQRREMHWROLWLJLRVRWDQWRRSHGLGRFRPRDFDXVDGHSHGLU
1HVVHVHQWLGRSDUDVHUHFRQKHFHUTXHRFRUUHDFRLVDMXOJDGDRSRQtYHODXPD
QRYDGHPDQGDDOHLH[LJHDLGHQWLGDGHGHSHGLGRHGHFDXVDGHSHGLUHQWUH
DVGXDVFDXVDV&3&DUW9,,H††D$SDUWLUGHVVDyWLFDR
SURFHVVXDOLVWDFRQFOXLFRPDFHUWRTXHRUpXSDUWLFLSDQDIRUPDomRGRRE
MHWROLWLJLRVRQmRVyTXDQGRSURS}HXPDGHPDQGDQRYDFRQWUDRDXWRUHP
VLWXDomRGHSURPRYHQWHGHUHVSRVWDUHFRQYHQFLRQDORXGHSHGLGRFRQWUDSRV
WR7DPEpPRID]VHPSUHTXHQDFRQWHVWDomRH[HUFHHPIDFHGRDXWRUXP
FRQWUDGLUHLWRFRPRH[HPSOLILFDWLYDPHQWHVHGiQRVFDVRVGHFRPSHQVDomRH
GLUHLWRGHUHWHQomR$RSUDWLFDUGHIHVDGHVVHWHRU³RUpXDFUHVFHQWDDRSURFHV
VRDDILUPDomRGHXPGLUHLWRTXHFRPSRUiRREMHWROLWLJLRVRGDGHFLVmR´2X
VHMDRMXL]ăQRSODQRGDFRLVDMXOJDGDPDWHULDOăGHFLGLUiVREUHDH[LVWrQFLD
GHVWHFRQWUDGLUHLWRFRPRXPDTXHVWmRSULQFLSDO
&RQFOXL',',(5-Ó1,25>HFRPHOHQRVSRPRVDILQDGRV@TXH
³2REMHWROLWLJLRVRQHVVHFDVRSDVVDDVHURFRQMXQWRGDVDILU
PDo}HV GH H[LVWrQFLD GH XP GLUHLWR IHLWDV SHOR DXWRU H SHOR
UpX5HVXPLGDPHQWHQRFDVRHPTXHRUpXH[HUFHXPFRQWUD
GLUHLWRRPpULWRGRSURFHVVRpDVRPDGHGRLVELQ{PLRVTXH
SRGHH[SUHVVDUVHGDVHJXLQWHPDQHLUDDILUPDomRGRGLUHLWRIHL
WDSHORGHPDQGDQWHSHGLGRFDXVDGHSHGLUDILUPDomRGR
FRQWUDGLUHLWRIHLWDSHORGHPDQGDQGRSHGLGRUHODWLYRjH[FHomR
VXEVWDQFLDOFDXVDGHVVDH[FHomRVXEVWDQFLDO´

'RQGHDLQTXHVWLRQiYHOGHGXomR³DGHFLVmRGRMXL]VREUHDDILUPDomR
GHFRQWUDGLUHLWRSRUVHWUDWDUGHGHFLVmRVREUHRPpULWRGDFDXVDWRUQDVH
LQGLVFXWtYHOSHODFRLVDMXOJDGDPDWHULDO´JQ

5$=­2'('(&,',5(&2,6$-8/*$'$0$7(5,$/
1RSDVVDGRTXDQGRVHFRQVWUXLXDWHRULDGHTXHDFRLVDMXOJDGDVH
OLPLWDYDjVROXomRGRSHGLGRFRQVWDQWHGRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDXPGRV

',',(5-Ó1,25)UHGLH&RQWUDGLUHLWRVREMHWROLWLJLRVRGRSURFHVVRHLPSURFHGrQFLDQR&3&,Q028=$/$6
Rinaldo, et al (coords.). ,PSURFHGrQFLD, Y.  da &olHomo *randHs 7HPas do 1oYo &3&, 6alYador (d. -Xs3odiYP, , S. .
 ',',(R -Ó1,2R, )rHdiH. 2SFLW, S. .
4 ,GHPLELGHP 2 aXWor sH aSoia, HnWrH oXWras, nas lio}Hs dH 0orWara H 'HnWi. RHJisWra, ainda, TXH +HiWor 6ica, na inWHrSrHWaomo
do dirHiWo ErasilHiro, WHP XPa Yismo Pais aPSla da SarWiciSaomo do rpX na IorPaomo do oEMHWo da coisa MXlJada, XPa YH] TXH
considera a contestação, em qualquer caso, uma verdadeira ação declaratória proposta pelo réu, que haverá de ser examinada
pelo Mui] ´como questão principalµ (6,&$, +eitor. O direito de defesa no processo civil brasileiro. 6ão 3aulo $tlas, , p. 4).

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 73

DUJXPHQWRVKLVWyULFRVLQYRFDGRVSDUDMXVWLILFDUDH[FOXVmRGHVHXVOLPLWHV
REMHWLYRVGRVIXQGDPHQWRVGRGHFLVyULRIRLEXVFDGRMXVWDPHQWHQDDomR
GHFODUDWyULDLQFLGHQWDO2XVHMDTXDQGRQRVVDOHLTXLVDXWRUL]DUDIRUPDomR
GH FRLVD MXOJDGD VREUH DV UD]}HV GD VHQWHQoD HOD H[LJLX TXH D PDWpULD VH
DSUHVHQWDVVHFRPRREMHWRGHSHGLGRGDSDUWH6yDVVLPRWHPDVHULDLQVHULGR
QRDOFDQFHGDUHVSRVWDDRSHGLGRODQoDGDQRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDDOFDQ
oDQGRSRULVVRDXWRULGDGHGHFRLVDMXOJDGD(PRXWURVWHUPRVDVUD]}HV
GD VHQWHQoD RUGLQDULDPHQWH QmR IDULDP FRLVD MXOJDGD SHOD LQH[LVWrQFLD GH
SHGLGRGDSDUWHGHGHFODUDomRDVHXUHVSHLWR
(VFUHYHQGRDRWHPSRGR&3&REVHUYDYD$17Ð1,2'23$6
62&$%5$/TXH³DDomRGHFODUDWyULDLQFLGHQWDOPDQWpPDWUDGLomRGDGLV
FLSOLQDGDFRLVDMXOJDGDGHVyWRUQDULPXWiYHORFRQWH~GRGDVHQWHQoDHP
WRUQRGDVTXHVW}HVFXMRMXOJDPHQWRWHQKDVLGRH[SUHVVDPHQWHSHGLGRSHODV
SDUWHV$VVLPDH[LJrQFLDGDGHFODUDWyULDLQFLGHQWDOPDQWpPVHILHOjSUR[L
PLGDGHHQWUHHVWDELOLGDGHGDGHFLVmRHDYRQWDGHGRVOLWLJDQWHVHDWpSRULVVR
IRLOHPEUDGDFRPRXPIDWRUKLVWyULFRTXHLQGLFDYDDUHMHLomRSHORRUGHQD
PHQWRSRVLWLYRGDYLQFXODWLYLGDGHGDVUD]}HVGDVHQWHQoD´
$JRUD QRVVR GLUHLWR SRVLWLYR DGRWRX XPD GLDPHWUDO PXGDQoD GH
SRVLomR2&3&DXPVyWHPSRDILUPDTXHDIRUoDGHOHLGDVHQ
WHQoD WUDQVLWDGD HP MXOJDGR RSHUD ³QRV OLPLWHV GD TXHVWmR SULQFLSDO H[
SUHVVDPHQWHGHFLGLGD´DUWFDSXWHDLQGDWH[WXDOPHQWHDGX]TXH
VHP QHFHVVLGDGH GH DomR GHFODUDWyULD LQFLGHQWDO D UHVROXomR GD TXHVWmR
SUHMXGLFLDO GHFLGLGD LQFLGHQWDOPHQWH WHP D PHVPD IRUoD GD VROXomR GD
TXHVWmRSULQFLSDODUW†
$OpP GR PDLV D VROXomR GD TXHVWmR LQFLGHQWDO GHL[RX GH VHU UH
ODFLRQDGDHQWUHDVPDWpULDVH[FOXtGDVGDDXWRULGDGHGDUHVLXGLFDWDDUW
1HVVHWHUUHQRILJXUDPDWXDOPHQWHDSHQDVRVPRWLYRVGDGHFLVmRH
DYHUGDGHGRVIDWRVHVWDEHOHFLGDFRPRIXQGDPHQWRGDVHQWHQoDLQFLVRV
,H,,GRDUW

25(*,0('$648(67®(635(-8',&,$,612&3&
2&yGLJRGHH[FOXtDGDFRLVDMXOJDGD³DDSUHFLDomRGDTXHVWmR
SUHMXGLFLDO GHFLGLGD LQFLGHQWHPHQWH QR SURFHVVR´ DUW  ,,, 2 &yGL
JRQRYRVHJXHUXPRGLDPHWUDOPHQWHRSRVWRRXVHMDDFRLVDMXOJDGDSRGH
DEUDQJHUDUHVROXomRGHTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOGHFLGLGDH[SUHVVDHLQFLGHQWDO
PHQWHGHVGHTXHREVHUYDGRVRVUHTXLVLWRVGR†GRDUWUHVVDOWDQGRVH
5 CABRAL, Antônio do Passo. &RLVDMXOJDGDHSUHFOXV}HVGLQkPLFDV 6alvador (d. -usPodivm, , p. .

74 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

HOHVRFRQWUDGLWyULRSUpYLRHHIHWLYRDVVLPFRPRDFRPSHWrQFLDGRMXt]R
UDWLRQHPDWHULDHHUDWLRQHSHUVRQDHSDUDUHVROYrOD
3DUDHIHLWRGHVHUDOFDQoDGDSHODFRLVDMXOJDGDSUHMXGLFLDO³pDTXHOD
TXHVWmR UHODWLYD j RXWUD UHODomR RX HVWDGR TXH VH DSUHVHQWD FRPR PHUR
DQWHFHGHQWH OyJLFR GD UHODomR FRQWURYHUWLGD j TXDO QmR GL] GLUHWDPHQWH
UHVSHLWRPDVVREUHDTXDOYDLLQIOXLUPDVTXHSRGHULDSRUVLVyVHUREMHWR
GHXPSURFHVVRVHSDUDGR´
3RU QmR GL]HUHP UHVSHLWR GLUHWDPHQWH j OLGH HQWHQGLGD HVWD FRPR
UHWUDWDGDQRSHGLGRVLWXDPVHDVTXHVW}HVSUHMXGLFLDLVFRPRDQWHFHGHQWHV
OyJLFRVGDFRQFOXVmRGDVHQWHQoD(SRUQmRSHUWHQFHUHPLPHGLDWDPHQWHDR
OLWtJLRGHGX]LGRHPMXt]RSHODSHWLomRLQLFLDOGLVSXQKDR&3&GHTXH
RGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDGHFODUDomRTXHWUDQVLWDHPMXOJDGRQmRDEUDQ
JHULD D VROXomR GDV TXHVW}HV SUHMXGLFLDLV VHULDP DSUHFLDGDV DSHQDV FRPR
PRWLYRVGRMXOJDPHQWRUD]mRSHODTXDOQmRWLQKDPWDLVTXHVW}HVFRQGLomR
GHVHULQFOXtGDVQDiUHDDFREHUWDGDSHODUHVLXGLFDWD
2VLVWHPDGR&yGLJRDQWHULRUFRQGX]LDjVHJXLQWHFRQFOXVmRQRWR
FDQWHjOLGH³H[HUFHRMXL]RLXGLFLXPSRGHUSULQFLSDOGHVXDIXQomRMXULV
GLFLRQDOHQTXDQWRTXHHPUHODomRjSUHMXGLFLDOWmRVyDFRJQLWLRSRGHU
LPSOtFLWRQRGHMXULVGLomR2MXL]FRQKHFHGDSUHMXGLFLDOHDUHVROYHVHP
YLQFXODUDVSDUWHVLPXWDYHOPHQWHDHVVDGHFLVmRDTXDOVySURGX]HIHLWRVQR
SURFHVVRHPTXHIRLSURIHULGD´3RUWDQWR³DGHFLVmRGDTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDO
IHLWDLQFLGHQWHUWDQWXPSRVVXLHILFiFLDOLPLWDGDjSUHFOXVmRQRVHQWLGRGH
VHLPSHGLUTXHDPHVPDTXHVWmRVHMDVXVFLWDGDQRYDPHQWHQRPHVPRSURFHV
VR)RUDGHVVHSURFHVVRSRGHHVVDTXHVWmRVHUQRYDPHQWHGHEDWLGDSRUTXH
DEVROXWDPHQWHQmRVHOKHHVWHQGHXDFRLVDMXOJDGD´
$VROXomRGDTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOFRQWXGRSRGHULDH[FHSFLRQDOPHQ
WHDSUHVHQWDUDHILFiFLDGHFRLVDMXOJDGDTXDQGRDSDUWHLQWHUHVVDGDăDXWRU
RXUpXăUHTXHUHVVHDGHFODUDomRLQFLGHQWDODTXHDOXGLDPRVDUWVH
GR&3&GHSRUTXHHQWmRDOLGHWHULDVLGRDPSOLDGDSDUDHQJOREi
ODWDPEpPFRPRXPDGHVXDVTXHVW}HVLQWHUQDV
2QRYR&yGLJRDOWHURXRWUDWDPHQWRGDTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDO1mRKi
PDLVDomR GHFODUDWyULD LQFLGHQWDO2TXHHUDWUDWDGRQDTXHODH[WLQWDDomR
SDVVDDVHUXPDSXUDDOHJDomRQRFXUVRGRSURFHVVRHVHUHVROYHQDVHQWHQoD
MXQWDPHQWHFRPRPpULWRGDDomRSRUQHOHLQIOXLUQHFHVVDULDPHQWH$VVLP
 *R,129(R, Ada PelleJrini. 'LUHLWRSURFHVVXDOFLYLO6ão Paulo (d. -. BushatsN\, 4, p. 4 0AR48(6, -osé )rederico.
Manual de direito processual civil. Campinas BooNseller, , v. ,,,, n. 54, p. 55.
 0AR48(6, -osé )rederico. ,QVWLWXLo}HVHGLUHLWRSURFHVVXDOFLYLO. Rio de -aneiro )orense, , v. 9, n. ., p. 5.
 *R,129(R, Ada PelleJrini. 2SFLW, p. 52.

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 75

RREMHWROLWLJLRVRpDPSOLDGRLQFLGHQWDOPHQWHVHPGHSHQGHUGDSURSRVLWXUD
GDDQWLJDDomRGHFODUDWyULDLQFLGHQWDO
1HVVDHVWHLUDR&yGLJRQRYRRSWRXSRUHQWHQGLPHQWREHPGLIHUHQWH
GDTXHOHTXHDOHLDQWHULRUVHJXLD$FRLVDMXOJDGDGRUDYDQWHUHFREULUiWDP
EpPDTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOGHFLGLGDH[SUHVVDHLQFLGHQWDOPHQWHQRSURFHVVR
VHPGHSHQGHUGHSURSRVLWXUDGHDomRGHFODUDWyULDLQFLGHQWH0DVSDUDTXH
LVVRDFRQWHoDR†GRDUWHVWDEHOHFHWUrVUHTXLVLWRV
DGDUHVROXomRGDTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOGHYHGHSHQGHURMXOJDPHQWR
GRPpULWRLQFLVR,
EDVHXUHVSHLWRGHYHWHUKDYLGRFRQWUDGLWyULRSUpYLRHHIHWLYRUHTXLVLWR
TXHH[FOXLDUHYHOLDGRVFDVRVHPTXHDVROXomRGHTXHVWmRLQFLGHQWDOVXUJLGD
XOWHULRUPHQWHDRSHGLGRSRVVDVXMHLWDUVHjUHJUDGRDUW†žLQFLVR,,H
FRMXt]RGHYHWHUFRPSHWrQFLDHPUD]mRGDPDWpULDHGDSHVVRDSDUD
UHVROYHUDSUHMXGLFLDOFRPRTXHVWmRSULQFLSDOLQFLVR,,,
$SROtWLFDTXHRULHQWRXRQRYR&3&IRLDGHIDFLOLWDUDLQFOXVmRGD
TXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOQRDOFDQFHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDDSDUWLUGHXPFULWpULRGH
HFRQRPLD SURFHVVXDO ³SDUD TXH RV MXULVGLFLRQDGRV H R (VWDGR MXGLFDQWH
REWHQKDPRPi[LPRUHVXOWDGRSRVVtYHOHPGHWHUPLQDGRSURFHVVR´
 /,0,7(6 2%-(7,926 '$ &2,6$ -8/*$'$ 6(*81'2 2
&3&
³$GHFLVmRTXHMXOJDUWRWDORXSDUFLDOPHQWHRPpULWRWHPIRUoDGHOHL
QRVOLPLWHVGDTXHVWmRSULQFLSDOH[SUHVVDPHQWHGHFLGLGD´&3&DUW
2SURFHVVRpRPHLRXWLOL]DGRSHOR(VWDGRSDUDFRPSRURVOLWtJLRV
GDQGRDSOLFDomRDRGLUHLWRREMHWLYRIUHQWHDXPDVLWXDomRFRQWHQFLRVD
 A solução da questão dita preMudicial sy será capa] de Ia]er coisa MulJada quando Ior imprescindível para a resolução da
questão principal (oEMeto litiJioso do processo), não quando Ior apenas elemento esclarecedor da convicção do MulJador.
 A revelia do demandado, emEora não vede que questão preMudicial seMa apreciada pelo Mui], impede que soEre ela se
estaEeleça a coisa MulJada. ,sto porque um dos requisitos impostos pelo † ž do art. 5 para que a extensão da coisa
MulJada ocorra soEre a questão preMudicial incidentemente surJida no processo é a oEservkncia do ´contradityrio eIetivoµ.
( tal não acontece no caso de revelia, em que o Mui] decide a causa, sem que o réu tenha realmente participado do deEate
processual. Portanto, a questão preMudicial, que não tenha ÀJurado como oEMeto de declaração na inicial, será avaliada pelo
Mui], diante do revel, como motivo de decisão e não como tema de mérito, Àcando por isso Iora do alcance da coisa MulJada
(art. 54, ,).
 1o campo da motivação da sentença o Mui] pode, incidentemente, apreciar questão cuMa solução deÀnitiva pertença j
competrncia aEsoluta de outro yrJão Mudicial. Por exemplo, o Mui] do traEalho pode reconhecer a Àliação de herdeiro do
trabalhador morto, para acolher reclamação de créditos trabalhistas devidas pelo ex-empregador. Esse reconhecimento
Iuncionará como Iundamento do Mulgamento de mérito, na esIera laboral. 1ão impedirá, porém, que numa investigação
de paternidade na Mustiça civil, a mesma Àliação seMa discutida e até negada.
2 BL2C+, )rancisco dos 6antos 'ias. Coisa Mulgada e questão preMudicial no novo CPC. ,Q: A8RELL,, Arlete ,nrs et al
(coords.). O direito de estar em juízo e a coisa julgada: estudos em homenagem à Thereza Alvim. 6ão Paulo: R7, 24, p. .
 'uas deduç}es são autori]adas pelo art. 5: (i) não só as sentenças, mas também as decisões interlocutórias podem
produ]ir a coisa Mulgada e (ii) a lide pode ser resolvida no todo ou em parte pela decisão que passa em Mulgado.
4 0AR48E6, -osé )rederico. ,QVWLWXLo}HVGHGLUHLWRSURFHVVXDOFLYLO. Rio de -aneiro: )orense, 5, v. ,, n. .

76 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

 /LGHRXOLWtJLRăQDTXDOLGDGHGHREMHWRGRSURFHVVRăpRFRQIOLWRGH
LQWHUHVVHVDVHUVROXFLRQDGRSHORMXL]$VSDUWHVHPGLVVtGLRLQYRFDPUD]}HV
SDUDMXVWLILFDUDSUHWHQVmRGHXPDHDUHVLVWrQFLDGDRXWUDFULDQGRG~YLGDV
VREUHHODVTXHGmRRULJHPjVTXHVW}HV4XHVW}HVSRUWDQWRVmRRVSRQWRVFRQ
WURYHUWLGRVHQYROYHQGRRVIDWRVHDVUHJUDVMXUtGLFDVGHEDWLGDVHQWUHDVSDUWHV
$OLGHSRGHVHUSRVWDHPMXt]RSRUWRGDVRXSRUDSHQDVDOJXPDVGH
VXDVTXHVW}HVHVHQGRP~OWLSODVDVTXHVW}HVQmRKiHPSHFLOKRDTXHDVVROX
o}HVGHDOJXPDVRFRUUDPHPGHFLV}HVGLVWLQWDVYJTXHVW}HVTXHSHUPLWDP
LPHGLDWRMXOJDPHQWRFXPXODGDVFRPRXWUDVTXHUHFODPHPLQVWUXomRSURED
WyULDăDUW,,UHFXUVRVTXHLPSXJQHPDVHQWHQoDDSHQDVSDUFLDOPHQWH
ăDUWVH$OJXpPSRUH[HPSORTXHWHPWtWXORWUDQVODWtFLRGH
GRPtQLRHSRVVHDGXVXFDSLRQHQFRPUHIHUrQFLDDRPHVPREHPSRGHGH
IHQGHUVHXGLUHLWRGHPRQVWUDQGRRSULPHLURRXDVHJXQGDRXDPERV6HD
SRVWXODomRGHSUHVWDomRMXULVGLFLRQDOVHUHIHULUDSHQDVDRWtWXORWUDQVODWtFLR
RXDSHQDVjXVXFDSLmRDOLGHVHUiDPHVPDSUHWHQVmRGHUHFRQKHFLPHQWR
GR GRPtQLR 0DV DV TXHVW}HV LH RV SRQWRV GH IDWR H GH GLUHLWR HP TXH
FRQWURYHUWHP DV SDUWHV VHUmR GLYHUVDV &XPXODGDV TXHVW}HV P~OWLSODV H
DXW{QRPDVQXPVySURFHVVRVXUJLUiFRPRMiSUHYLVWRDSRVVLELOLGDGHGH
MXOJDPHQWRVSDUFLDLVGDOLGHHPGHFLV}HVGLVWLQWDV
4XDQGR R SURFHVVR DEUDQJH WRGDV DV TXHVW}HV TXH LQWHJUDP D OLGH
GL]VHTXHKiSURFHVVRLQWHJUDOTXDQGRVHUHIHUHWmRVyDXPDRXDOJXPDV
GDV TXHVW}HV H[LVWHQWHV HQWUH DV SDUWHV IDODVH HP SURFHVVR SDUFLDO (VVD
WRWDOLGDGHRXSDUFLDOLGDGHUHIHUHVHjOLGHSUpSURFHVVXDORXVHMDDRFRQIOLWR
MXUtGLFRH[LVWHQWHHQWUHDVSDUWHVDQWHULRUPHQWHjLQVWDXUDomRGRSURFHVVR
8PDYH]SRUpPIRUPDGRRSURFHVVRDOLGHpXPDVyHVHFRQIXQGLUiFRPR
VHXREMHWRGHPRGRTXHDOLGHSURFHVVXDOpDTXHODTXHVHGHGX]LXHPMXt]R
SRXFRLPSRUWDQGRVHFRPSUHHQGHRXQmRWRGDVDVTXHVW}HVH[LVWHQWHVHQWUH
RVOLWLJDQWHV2SURYLPHQWRMXULVGLFLRQDOYHUVDUiVREUHDVTXHVW}HVWUD]LGDV
DMXOJDPHQWRLQFRQFUHWRHVREUHDVROXomRTXHOKHIRUGDGDUHFDLUiDFRLVD
MXOJDGDPDWHULDODUW,VWRQmRLPSHGHTXHDVTXHVW}HVIRUPDGRUDVGR
REMHWRGRSURFHVVRVHMDPGHFLGLGDVHIRUPHPDUHVLXGLFDWDHPPRPHQWRV
SURFHVVXDLVGLIHUHQWHV1HPVHPSUHKDYHUiXPDVHQWHQoD~QLFDHPERUDHVVD
VHMDDUHJUDJHUDO

5 A0ARAL 6A1726, 0oac\r. Primeiras linhas de direito processual civil. 4. ed. 6ão Paulo: 0ax Limonad, , v. ,,,, n.
684, p. 83.
6 CAR1EL877,, )rancesco. ,QVWLWXFLRQHVGHOSURFHVRFLYLO Buenos Aires: E-EA, 3, v ,, n. 23, p. 4.

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 77

 &DVRV GH MXOJDPHQWR SDUFLDO GD OLGH OHPEUDGRV SRU )5('(5,&2
0$548(6VmRRVGDVHQWHQoDFRQGHQDWyULDJHQpULFDHPTXHRTXDQWXP
GHEHDWXU VHUi UHVROYLGR HP RXWUR PRPHQWR GR SURFHVVR R GH OLTXLGDomR
GDVHQWHQoDHRGDVHQWHQoDTXHMXOJDSURFHGHQWHDDomRGHSUHVWDomRGH
FRQWDVILFDQGRRVKDYHUHVSDUDVHUHPDSXUDGRVHMXOJDGRVQDVHJXQGDIDVH
GRSURFHVVReDLQGDRGRUHFXUVRSDUFLDOTXHOHYDjDSUHFLDomRGRWULEXQDO
DSHQDVXPDRXDOJXPDVGDVTXHVW}HVGHPpULWRHQIUHQWDGDVSHORMXOJDPHQWR
GRSULPHLURJUDXGHMXULVGLomR
eSHODVHQWHQoDTXHR(VWDGRGLWDDVROXomRYLVDGDSHORSURFHVVRLVWR
pFRPS}HDOLGHUHVROYHQGRDVTXHVW}HVSURSRVWDVSHORVLQWHUHVVDGRV³2
TXHLQGLYLGXDOL]DDOLGHREMHWLYDPHQWHVmRRSHGLGRHDFDXVDSHWHQGLLVWR
pRSHGLGRHRIDWRFRQVWLWXWLYRTXHIXQGDPHQWDDSUHWHQVmR´'HFLGLQGR
DOLGHDVHQWHQoDDFROKHRXUHMHLWDRSHGLGRGRDXWRUSRLVpHODQDIHOL]
H[SUHVVmRGH$0$5$/6$1726QDGDPDLVGRTXH³DUHVSRVWDGRMXL]DR
SHGLGRGRDXWRU´/RJR³DVHQWHQoDID]FRLVDMXOJDGDVREUHRSHGLGR´H
VyVHFLUFXQVFUHYHDRVOLPLWHVGDOLGHHGDVTXHVW}HVSULQFLSDLVH[SUHVVDPHQWH
GHFLGLGDVDUW
$VVLPVHRKHUGHLUROHJtWLPRWDPEpPFRQWHPSODGRHPWHVWDPHQWRUHL
YLQGLFDDKHUDQoDDSHQDVLQYRFDQGRDGLVSRVLomRWHVWDPHQWiULDXPDTXHVWmR
HSHUGHDGHPDQGDQmRHVWDUiLQLELGRSHODUHVLXGLFDWDGHSURSRURXWUDDomR
EDVHDGDQDYRFDomRKHUHGLWiULDOHJtWLPDRXWUDTXHVWmRDLQGDQmRGHFLGLGD
2EMHWLYDPHQWHDFRLVDMXOJDGDUHFODPDUHSURGXomRHQWUHDVPHVPDV
SDUWHVHHPRXWUDDomRGRSHGLGRHGDFDXVDGHSHGLUGHDomRDQWHULRUPHQWH
GHFLGLGDSHORPpULWRDUW††H$H[FHomRGHFRLVDMXOJDGDWRGD
YLDSDUDVHUDFROKLGDQmRH[LJHTXHVHYHULILTXHWRWDOLGHQWLGDGHGDVTXHVW}HV
WUDWDGDVQDVGXDVFDXVDV%DVWDTXHDOJXPDVGHODVFRLQFLGDP$UHVLXGLFDWD
SRGHVHUWRWDORXSDUFLDO6HWRGDVDVTXHVW}HVVmRLGrQWLFDVDVHJXQGDDomR
VHUiLQYLiYHOHRSURFHVVRVHH[WLQJXLUiVHPDSUHFLDomRGRPpULWRDUW
96HDFRLQFLGrQFLDIRUSDUFLDOHRREMHWRGDQRYDDomRIRUPHQRUWDPEpP

 0AR48E6, -ose )rederico. Manual de direito processual civil. Campinas: BooNseller, , v. ,,,, nž 686, p. 23.
18,GHPLELGHP.
1 A0ARAL 6A1726, 0oac\r. 2SFLW, ,,,, n. 685.
2 L2PE6 'A C267A, AlIredo Ara~Mo. Direito processual civil brasileiro. 2. ed. Rio de -aneiro: )orense, 15, v. ,,,, n. 441.
21 ´A coisa Mulgada, tal qual deÀnida em lei, abrangerá unicamente as questões expressamente decididas, assim conside-
radas as que estiverem expressamente reIeridas na parte dispositiva da sentençaµ (67-, REsp .126P, Rel. 0in. 'e-
mócrito Reinaldo, ac. 04.11.1996, RSTJ 945). ´e cediço que é o dispositivo da sentença que Ia] coisa Mulgada material,
abarcando o pedido e a causa de pedir, tal qual expressos na petição inicial e adotados na fundamentação do decisum,
compondo a res judicataµ (67-, 1 6eção, Rcl 4.421'), Rel. 0in. Lui] )ux, ac. 23.02.2011, DJe 15.04.2011).
22 CPC193, art. 301, †† 1ž e 2ž.

78 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

RFRUUHUiDH[WLQomRGRSURFHVVRFRPRQRFDVRDQWHULRU4XDQGRSRUpP
RREMHWRGDVHJXQGDFDXVDFRQWLYHUTXHVW}HVQRYDVDSHQDVTXDQWRDHVWDV
KDYHUiMXOJDPHQWRGHPpULWRGHYHQGRLQFLGLUDEDUUHLUDGDUHVLXGLFDWDSDUD
LPSHGLUDUHDSUHFLDomRGDOLGHHPWXGRDTXLORMiGHILQLWLYDPHQWHMXOJDGR
'HPDQHLUDDOJXPDDQRYDVHQWHQoDSRGHUiQHJDURXUHGX]LURTXHDQWHV
VH DFREHUWDUD GD LPXWDELOLGDGH GD FRLVD MXOJDGD 2 DVVHQWDGR QD VHQWHQoD
DQWHULRUVHUiRSUHVVXSRVWRRXRSRQWRGHSDUWLGDSDUDRHQIUHQWDPHQWRGDV
TXHVW}HVQRYDV(QILPGDUHVSRVWDMXULVGLFLRQDOGDGDDRSHGLGRDVHQWHQoD
DSyV D FRLVD MXOJDGD FULD RX HVWDELOL]D XPD VLWXDomR MXUtGLFD VXEVWDQFLDO
HQWUHDVSDUWHVHpHVVDVLWXDomRMXUtGLFDTXHVHUHYHVWLUiGDLQGLVFXWLELOLGDGH
HLPXWDELOLGDGHGHTXHFRJLWDRDUWHTXHVHLGHQWLILFDSHORVOLPLWHVGD
OLGHHGDVTXHVW}HVGHPpULWRGHFLGLGDVFRPRGHWHUPLQDRDUW

 027,926 '$ 6(17(1d$ 1­2 6­2 $/&$1d$'26 3(/$

&2,6$-8/*$'$6(*81'2$17,*$'2875,1$
6DEHVHTXHDVHQWHQoDVHFRPS}HGHWUrVSDUWHVRUHODWyULRDPRWLYD
omRHDGHFLVmRRXGLVSRVLWLYR$UHVLXGLFDWDQmRHQYROYHDVHQWHQoDFRPR
XPWRGRSRLVQmRVHLQFOXLQDFRLVDMXOJDGD³DDWLYLGDGHGHVHQYROYLGDSHOR
MXOJDGRU SDUD SUHSDUDU H MXVWLILFDU D GHFLVmR´ 1D YHUGDGH ³Vy R FRPDQ
GR FRQFUHWR SURQXQFLDGR SHOR MXL] WRUQDVH LPXWiYHO´ SRU IRUoD GD FRLVD
MXOJDGDVHJXQGRDUUDLJDGDPDVVXSHUDGDWUDGLomRGDGRXWULQDSURFHVVXDO
(QWUHQyVKiPDLVGHVpFXORMiHQVLQDYD3DXOD%DWLVWDTXH³DFRLVD
MXOJDGDUHVWULQJLUVHijSDUWHGLVSRVLWLYDGRMXOJDPHQWRHDRVSRQWRVDtGHFL
GLGRVHILHOPHQWHFRPSUHHQGLGRVHPUHODomRDRVVHXVREMHWLYRV´
2&yGLJRYLJHQWHSRUpPGLVS}HH[SUHVVDPHQWHDSHQDVTXH³QmRID
]HP FRLVD MXOJDGD RV PRWLYRV DLQGD TXH LPSRUWDQWHV SDUD GHWHUPLQDU R
DOFDQFHGDSDUWHGLVSRVLWLYDGDVHQWHQoD´&3&DUW,
23 L,EB0A1, Enrico 7ullio. (IÀFDFLDHGDXWRULWjGHOODVHQWHQ]D. 0ilão, 1962, n. 16, p. 41 67-, REsp 36.80-36P, Rel. 0in.
Demócrito Reinaldo, ac. 15.08.1994, RSTJ 320 67-, REsp 2.490-80*, Rel. 0in. 1ilson 1aves, ac. 11.05.1993, '-8
14.06.1993, p. 11.83 67-, REsp 31.1616P, Rel. 0in. Cesar Asfor Rocha, ac. 20.05.199, '-8 04.08.199, p. 34.5 67-,
3 7., AgRg no REsp 1.165.635R6, Rel. 0in. Paulo de 7arso 6anseverino, ac. 06.09.2011, DJe 13.09.2011.
24,GHPLELGHP 67), RE 11.6000*, Rel. 0in. Celso de 0ello, ac. 18.12.1990, RTJ 1331.311 67-, 1 7., REsp 85.635
0*, Rel. 0in. Lui] )ux, ac. 16.10.2008, DJe 03.11.2008.
25 Apud A0ARAL 6A1726, 0oac\r. 2SFLW, ,,,, n. 686. 1o Mulgamento de um mandado de segurança, decidiu o 67)
que, se há contradição entre os fundamentos e a conclusão do voto do relator, ´a coisa Mulgada recai sobre o dispositivo
ou conclusão do acórdão, no caso concessivo da segurança impetradaµ (Rec. 0an. 6eg. .00, Rel. 0in. Amaral 6antos,
RTJ 56223). 1o mesmo sentido: ´A coisa Mulgada restringe-se j parte dispositiva da sentençaµ (7-R6, Ap. 59.026.681-5,
Rel. Des. Lui] )elipe Brasil 6antos, ac. 21.08.199, RJTJRS 186/254). Também o TJDF decidiu que “um considerando de
sentença, fora do eixo da questão, fora da contenda, não poderá constituir coisa Mulgada para impedir apreciação em ação
própria da questão em debateµ (Apel. 41.68, Rel. Des. 2mar Dutra, Jurisprudência Mineira, 14/242). Ainda nesse sentido:
6TJ, 4 T., AgRg no Ag 1.219.69/R6, Rel. 0in. Luis Felipe 6alomão, ac. 02.12.2010, DJe 09.12.2010.
26 CPC/193, art. 469, ,.

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 79

 $VVLPFKHJRXVHDFRQVROLGDUQDYLJrQFLDGRV&yGLJRVDQWHULRUHVTXH
HQWUHRVPRWLYRVTXHQmRWUDQVLWDPHPMXOJDGRVHLQFOXLULDDFDXVDGHSHGLU
IDWRMXUtGLFRLQYRFDGRSHORDXWRUSDUDVXVWHQWDUVXDSUHWHQVmR&RPLVVR
GHIHQGLDVHTXHDUHMHLomRGHXPDDomRUHLYLQGLFDWyULDSRUIDOWDGHSURYDGR
GRPtQLR GR DXWRU MDPDLV SRGHULD WHU DXWRULGDGH GH FRLVD MXOJDGD TXDQWR
DVHURXQmRRUpXRYHUGDGHLURSURSULHWiULRSHORTXH³VHRDQWLJRDXWRU
WRUQDUVHGHSRLVSRVVXLGRUGDPHVPDFRLVDHRDQWLJRUpXTXLVHUDVHXWXU
QRSURSRUUHLYLQGLFDomRHVWHQmRSRGHUiYDOHUVHGRSULPHLURMXOJDPHQWR
PDVHVWiULJRURVDPHQWHREULJDGRDSURYDURVHXGLUHLWRGHSURSULHGDGH´
'DPHVPDIRUPD³DVHQWHQoDTXHGHFLGLUTXHRGHYHGRUpREULJDGRDSDJDU
MXURV GH FHUWD GtYLGD FXMR PRQWDQWH p VLPSOHVPHQWH HQXQFLDGR QmR WHP
IRUoDGHFRLVDMXOJDGDTXDQWRDRPRQWDQWHGHVVDPHVPDGtYLGD´
&RQVDJUDYDVHDWHVHGHTXHRVSXURVPRWLYRVDLQGDTXHUHOHYDQWHV
SDUD IL[DomR GR GLVSRVLWLYR GD VHQWHQoD OLPLWDYDPVH DR SODQR OyJLFR GD
HODERUDomRGRMXOJDGR,QIOXHQFLDYDPHPVXDLQWHUSUHWDomRPDVQmRVHUH
FREULDPGRPDQWRGHLQWDQJLELOLGDGHTXHpSUySULRGDUHVLXGLFDWD2MXOJD
PHQWRTXHVHWRUQDYDLPXWiYHOHLQGLVFXWtYHOHUDDUHVSRVWDGDGDDRSHGLGR
GRDXWRUQmRR³SRUTXr´GHVVDUHVSRVWD
2MXL]SDUDMXOJDUH[HUFHULDSURFHVVXDOPHQWHGRLVWLSRVGHDWLYLGDGHV
LDFRJQLomRDUHVSHLWRGHWXGRTXHQRSODQROyJLFRIRVVHQHFHVViULRSDUD
FKHJDUDXPDFRQFOXVmRDUHVSHLWRGRSHGLGRHLLDGHFLVmRDTXDOSRU
VXDYH]HQYROYHULDDUHODomRMXUtGLFDPDWHULDOFRQWURYHUWLGDHUHGXQGDULDQD
GHFODUDomRILQDOGHDFROKLPHQWRRXUHMHLomRGRSHGLGRIRUPXODGRHPWRUQR
GDFLWDGDUHODomR(UDQDGHFLVmRTXHVHVLWXDYDDDXWRULGDGHGDUHVLXGLFDWD
WRUQDQGRLPXWiYHOHLQGLVFXWtYHORTXHDtVHGHFODUDVVH

2 PA8LA BAT,6TA, Francisco de. Compêndio de teoria e prática do processo civil Comparado com o Comercial. 6. ed. Rio de
Janeiro: *arnier, 1901, † 185, p. 250.
28 PA8LA BAT,6TA, Francisco de. 2SFLWORFFLW 1esse sentido, decidiu o TJ6P que “a sentença proferida em embargos de
terceiro, considerando duvidoso o domtnio do embargante, não fa] coisa Mulgada para efeito de impedir a ação reivindicatória
aMui]ada pelo mesmo embarganteµ (Ag. 106.919, Rel. Des. Cardoso Filho, 5HYLVWD )RUHQVH 203/164). Também o 6uperior
Tribunal de Justiça Mulgou que “a sentença proferida em executivo Àscal não fa] coisa Mulgada quanto j legitimidade, em tese,
da cobrança de certo tributo, quando esta cobrança é pertinente a processos diferentes e a exerctcios também diversosµ (6TJ,
REsp 36.80-3/6P, Rel. 0in. Demócrito Reinaldo, ac. 15.08.1994, RSTJ 3/20). “A sentença vale pelo ¶decisum· é ele que
colhe a situação lamentada pelo autor na demanda inicial e é somente ele que tende a tornar-se imutávelµ (6TJ, 3 T., AgRg
no REsp 1.165.635/R6, Rel. 0in. Paulo de Tarso 6anseverino, ac. 06.09.2011, DJe 13.09.2011).
29 “2 Mui], enquanto ra]oa, não representa o Estado representa-o enquanto lhe aÀrma a vontade. As ra]ões de decidir
preparam, em operação lógica, a conclusão a que vai chegar o Mui] no ato de declarar a vontade da leiµ (6TF, RE 94.530,
1 Turma, Rel. 0in. Bu]aid, ac. 21.05.1982, RTJ 103/59). “A coisa Mulgada, tal qual deÀnida em lei, abrangerá unicamente
as questões expressamente decididasµ (6TJ, REsp .129/6P, Rel. 0in. Demócrito Reinaldo, ac. 04.11.1996, RSTJ 94/5).
“6ão, pois, as pretensões formuladas e respectivas causa de pedir (questões litigiosas) Mulgadas pelo Judiciário (questões
decididas) que se revestirão da eÀcácia da imutabilidade e indiscutibilidade de que trata o art. 468 do CPCµ (6TJ, 1 6eção,
Rcl 4.421/DF, Rel. 0in. Lui] Fux, ac. 23.02.2011, DJe 15.04.2011).

80 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

 $GYHUWLDVHFRQWXGRTXHVHRIXQGDPHQWRIRVVHWmRSUHFtSXRTXH
DEVWUDLQGRVHGHOHRMXOJDPHQWRVHULDRXWURIDULDHOHSUDWLFDPHQWHSDUWHGR
GLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoD¬VYH]HVQRWUDWRGDFDXVDSHWHQGLUHFRQKHFLDVH
TXH R MXL] SXGHVVH FKHJDU D VROXFLRQDU YHUGDGHLUD TXHVWmR FRP LPHGLDWD
H LQHJiYHO LQIOXrQFLD QD UHVROXomR GD OLGH (P WDLV FDVRV PHVPR IRUD GR
HVSDoRItVLFRGRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDWHULDVLGRMXOJDGDSDUWHGRPpULWR
GDFDXVDHRSURQXQFLDPHQWRUHYHVWLUVHLDGDDXWRULGDGHGHFRLVDMXOJDGD

',67,1d­2(175(027,92(5$7,2'(&,'(1',
8PDFRUUHQWHH[HJpWLFDIRUPDGDQRVSULPHLURVWHPSRVGHYLJrQFLD
GR&yGLJRGHHVERoRXXPDGLVWLQomRHQWUHPRWLYRVHUD]}HVGDGH
FLVmR$UJXPHQWDYDVHTXHDRIXQGDPHQWDUXPDGHFLVmRRMXL]UHFRUUHj
DQiOLVHGRVDFRQWHFLPHQWRVTXHSURYRFDUDPDHFORVmRGDOLGHIDWRVMXUtGLFRV
OLWLJLRVRVHDRXWURVTXHDSHQDVVHUYHPFRPRDUJXPHQWRVSDUDFRQYHQFL
PHQWRIDWRVVLPSOHV~WHLVjEXVFDGDYHUGDGH
¬OX]GHWDOGLVWLQomRDLQYRFDomRGRIDWRMXUtGLFREiVLFRSHORMXL]
VHULDDUD]mRGHGHFLGLUTXHLQWHJUDULDDVROXomRGRSHGLGRODQoDGDQRGLV
SRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDHDVVLPDOFDQoDULDWDPEpPDIRUoDGHUHVLXGLFDWD
-iRVIDWRVVLPSOHVDTXHOHVTXHDSHQDVVHUYHPjIRUPDomRGDFRQYLFomRGR
MXOJDGRUVHULDPRVPRWLYRVGDVHQWHQoDTXHQmRVHLQFOXLULDPQDiUHDGH
LQFLGrQFLDGDFRLVDMXOJDGD
(VVDLQWHUSUHWDomRQmRIRLHQWUHWDQWRDTXHPHUHFHXDFRQVDJUDomR
GD PDLRULD QD GRXWULQD H MXULVSUXGrQFLD HQTXDQWR YLJRURX R &3&
(PPDWpULDGHPRWLYDomRGDVHQWHQoDSDUDRVHIHLWRVGHH[FOXVmRGDFRLVD
MXOJDGDDWHVHTXHSUHYDOHFHXIRLDGHTXHDOHLUHDOPHQWHQmRGLVWLQJXLDHQ
WUHIDWRVMXUtGLFRVHIDWRVVLPSOHV7RGRVXPDYH]XWLOL]DGRVQDDUJXPHQWD
omRGRMXL]VHULDPPRWLYRVHQmRREMHWRGRMXGLFLXPHSRULVVRQmRVHULDP
DEUDQJLGRVSHODDXWRULGDGHGHFRLVDMXOJDGD$VUD]}HVRXIXQGDPHQWRVGD
VHQWHQoD GHVHPSHQKDULDP GH IDWR LPSRUWDQWH SDSHO QD FRPSUHHQVmR GR

30 *R,129ER, Ada Pellegrini. Direito processual civil. 6ão Paulo: J. BushatsN\, 194, p. 91. A parte dispositiva que transita
em Mulgado deve ser entendida em “sentido substancial, e não formalista, de modo que abranMa não só a parte Ànal da
sentença, como também qualquer outro ponto em que tenha o Mui] eventualmente provido sobre os pedidos das partesµ
(6TJ, 1 T., REsp 900.561/6P, Rel. 0in. Denise Arruda, ac. 24.06.2008, DJe 01.08.2008).
31 “Embora os motivos do Mulgamento não se revistam da condição de imutabilidade e indiscutibilidade, muitas ve]es
esses motivos nada mais são que questões levantadas pelas partes e decididas, sobre as quais incide a preclusão máxima
(6TJ, REsp 63.654/RJ, Rel. 0in. 6álvio de Figueiredo Teixeira, ac. 24.10.1995, '-8 20.11.1995, p. 39.603).
32 CA0P26, Ronaldo Cunha. Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual, v. ,,,, p. 181. Deve-se ter como objetivo da coisa Mulgada
o pedido (relação Murtdica material litigiosa e questões invocadas na petição inicial) e como motivos os fatos examinados, para
responder ao pedido, inclusive as questões Murtdicas novas acrescentadas em ra]ão da defesa do réu, que não se incluem
no campo do iudicium, a não ser quando requerida a declaração incidental.

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 81

GLVSRVLWLYR3ULQFLSDOPHQWHQDLQWHUSUHWDomRGRVOLPLWHVREMHWLYRVGDFRLVD
MXOJDGDVHPSUHVHWHULDGHUHSRUWDUDRVIDWRVMXUtGLFRVILJXUDQWHVQRVPRWLYRV
GR GHFLVyULR $ LQIOXrQFLD GHVVHV PRWLYRV HQWUHWDQWR QmR XOWUDSDVVDULD R
kPELWRGDVLWXDomRMXUtGLFDLGHQWLILFDGDQRSHGLGRHUHVROYLGDSHORGLVSRVL
WLYRGDVHQWHQoD1mRSRGHULDGHODVHGHVSUHQGHUSDUDDVVXPLUXPDDXWRQR
PLDQRSODQRSUySULRGDFRLVDMXOJDGDPDWHULDO
0HVPRSRLVDFDXVDSHWHQGLFRQILJXUDGRUDGHTXHVWmRHQIUHQWDGDH
GLULPLGDSHODVHQWHQoDVyIDULDFRLVDMXOJDGDHPFRQMXQWRFRPRSHGLGRRX
VHMDFRPRHOHPHQWRGDVLWXDomRMXUtGLFDGHILQLGDSHORGLVSRVLWLYR1mRVHULD
SRVVtYHOSRULVVRLVRODURIXQGDPHQWRSDUDHPFRQWH[WRGLYHUVRGRTXH
IRLREMHWRGDGHFLVmRMXGLFLDODWULEXLUOKHDLQGLVFXWLELOLGDGHSUySULDGDUHV
LXGLFDWD(PRXWURVWHUPRVRIDWRMXUtGLFRTXHVHUYLUDGHPRWLYRSDUDDVHQ
WHQoDVyQmRSRGHULDVHUQRYDPHQWHGLVFXWLGRHPMXt]RVHDQRYDSUHWHQVmR
FRQGX]LVVHDXPUHVXOWDGRTXHDQXODVVHUHGX]LVVHRXPRGLILFDVVHDVLWXDomR
MXUtGLFDDFREHUWDGDSHODVHQWHQoDSDVVDGDHPMXOJDGR
6H WRGDYLD R PHVPR IXQGDPHQWR IRVVH LQYRFDGR HP SURFHVVR VX
SHUYHQLHQWHSDUDVXVWHQWDUSHGLGRGLYHUVRGRDQWHULRUPHQWHGHFLGLGRQmR
VHGHSDUDULDFRPRHPEDUDoRGDUHVLXGLFDWDGHPDQHLUDTXHRQRYRMXO
JDPHQWRSRGHULDDWpPHVPRLQWHUSUHWDUDDQWLJDFDXVDSHWHQGLGHPDQHLUD
GLIHUHQWHeQHVVHVHQWLGRTXHVHGHYHULDQHVVDYHOKDFRQFHSomRHQWHQGHUR
SDSHOLPSRUWDQWHGHVHPSHQKDGRSHODFDXVDGHSHGLUHSHODPRWLYDomRGD
VHQWHQoDFRPRLQVWUXPHQWRDSHQDVLQIOXHQWHQDFRPSUHHQVmRGRDOFDQFHGD
FRLVDMXOJDGDPDVQmRFRPRREMHWRPHVPRGDUHVLXGLFDWD
3RUWDQWRSDUDTXHDFDXVDGHGHFLGLUGHL[DVVHGHVHUPRWLYRHIRVVH
LQVHULGDQRDOFDQFHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDVHULDSUHFLVRTXHIRVVHREMHWRGHSHGLGR
H[SUHVVRGHGHFODUDomRSRLVVyDVVLPVHWUDQVIRUPDULDHPREMHWRGRDFHUWD
PHQWRMXGLFLDOPpULWRDVHUGHILQLGRSHODUHVSRVWDGDVHQWHQoDDRSHGLGR(
XPDYH]WRUQDGDREMHWRGDSUHWHQVmRLHREMHWRGDGHPDQGDVXDGHILQLomR
DtVLPDOFDQoDULDDDXWRULGDGHGDFRLVDMXOJDGD
33 “Coisa Mulgada ² Limites obMetivos. A imutabilidade própria de coisa Mulgada alcança o pedido com a respectiva causa
de pedir. 1ão esta ~ltima isoladamente, pena de violação do disposto no art. 469, ,, do CPC >1CPC, art. 504, ,@µ (6TJ,
3ª T., REsp 11.315/RJ, Rel. Min. Eduardo Ribeiro, ac. 31.08.1992, RSTJ 3/413. 1o mesmo sentido: 6TJ, 3ª T., REsp
20.54/M6, Rel. Min. 1ilson 1aves, ac. 25.06.1996, RSTJ 92/19-180). 1ão se pode atribuir isoladamente j causa petendi
a autoridade de res iudicata pela simples ra]ão de que “para que se caracteri]e a coisa Mulgada, é necessária a identidade de
trrs elementos, quais seMam, as partes, o pedido e a causa de pedirµ (6TJ, 3ª T., EDcl nos EDcl no AgRg nos EDcl no Ag
999.324/R6, Rel. Min. 6idnei Beneti, ac. 1.05.2011, DJe 25.05.2011).
34 Convém lembrar que uma outra orientação tem sido adotada pelo 6upremo Tribunal Federal, quando se trata da coisa
Mulgada formada nas ações de controle concentrado da constitucionalidade. 1esses casos, a Murisprudrncia daquela Corte é
no sentido de que a eÀcácia do Mulgado transcende o caso singular decidido, de modo que o efeito vinculante é erga omnes e
atinge também a motivação do Mulgamento, não Àcando restrito ao seu dispositivo. Daí o cabimento da reclamação, em defesa
da tese constitucional reconhecida nas razões de decidir, “contra qualquer ato, administrativo ou Mudicial, que desaÀe a exegese

82 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

5(9,6­2'20,72'(48(6Ï2',6326,7,92'$6(17(1
d$3$66$(0-8/*$'2
3DUDGHILQLURDOFDQFHGDLQGLVFXWLELOLGDGHJHUDGDSHODFRLVDMXOJDGD
DFRQFHSomRDWXDOGRLQVWLWXWRQmRWHPFRPRVXEVLVWHQWHDYHOKDWHRULDGH
&+,29(1'$VHJXQGRDTXDODSDUWHGDVHQWHQoDTXHSDVVDHPMXOJDGR
VHULDDSHQDVRVHXGLVSRVLWLYR1HVVDyWLFDRVPRWLYRVHIXQGDPHQWRVGD
FRQFOXVmRGRGHFLVyULRILFDULDPIRUDGDFRLVDMXOJDGD(QWUHWDQWRDFRUUH
ODomRTXHVHWHPGHID]HUpHQWUHRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRHRSURQXQFLDPHQWR
TXHDVHQWHQoDHIHWXRXSDUDVROXFLRQiOR'HQWURGRSURFHVVRXPDVLWXDomR
MXUtGLFD OLWLJLRVD UHFODPRX R DFHUWDPHQWR MXGLFLDO GH PDQHLUD TXH p HVVH
DFHUWDPHQWR TXH HP QRPH GD VHJXUDQoD MXUtGLFD VH VXMHLWDUi j IRUoD RX
DXWRULGDGHGDUHVLXGLFDWD
(PWHUPRVSUiWLFRVRTXHGHYHVHUSHVTXLVDGRpDTXLORGHQWURGR
SURQXQFLDPHQWRMXGLFLDOTXHWHPGHVHUFRQVHUYDGRLPXWiYHOSDUDTXH³QmR
SHUFDDXWRULGDGHRTXHUHVWRXGHFLGLGR´FRPRDGYHUWH-25',1,(9$)(
12//([SOLFD R DXWRU TXHpSUHFLVRDSXUDUQRERMRGRSURFHVVRILQGR
TXDLVVmRDVTXHVW}HVGHFLGLGDVTXH³FRQIHUHPHVWDELOLGDGHjVHQWHQoD´JQ
2SURFHVVRVyFXPSULUiVXDIXQomRGHORJUDUDFRPSRVLomRGHILQLWLYDGROLWt
JLRVHSURSRUFLRQDUJDUDQWLDGHSHUPDQrQFLDjVROXomRGHWDLVTXHVW}HV(Q
WmRSDUDDSXUDUTXDOSDUWHGRGHFLVyULRDGTXLULXDLQGLVFXWLELOLGDGHSUySULD
GDUHVLXGLFDWD³pQHFHVViULRGHWHUPLQDUTXDLVSURQXQFLDPHQWRVH[LJHPHV
WDELOLGDGHSDUDQmRFRPSURPHWHURYDORUGRSURFHVVRMiFRQFOXtGR´JQ
$RSHUDomRFRPHVVHREMHWLYRpVLQJHOtVVLPDPXLWRPDLVSUiWLFDH
FDVXtVWLFDGRTXHDOXWDLQILQGiYHOHSRXFRIUXWtIHUDGDGRXWULQDDQWLJDH
GHVJDVWDGDQDEXVFDGDWHRUL]DomRFRPSOH[DHGDGRJPDWL]DomRVHPSUHSUR
EOHPiWLFDFRPRWHPRFRUULGRGHORQJDGDWDQDWHQWDWLYDGHXPDGHILQLomR
FLHQWtILFDHJHUDOGRVOLPLWHVREMHWLYRVGDFRLVDMXOJDGD
$ILQDOVHJXQGRDVRULJHQVUHPRWDVGRLQVWLWXWRVHPSUHVHH[SOLFRX
DFRLVDMXOJDGDSHODVLPSOHVILQDOLGDGHGHYHWDUHPQRPHGDVHJXUDQoDMXUt
GLFDDUHQRYDomRGRMXOJDPHQWRGHXPDFDXVDMiGHILQLWLYDPHQWHGHFLGLGD
constitucional consagrada pelo 6TF em sede de controle concentrado de constitucionalidade, ainda que a ofensa se dr de
forma oblíquaµ (6TF, Pleno, Rcl. 1.98/DF, Rel. Min. Maurício Corrra, ac. 01.10.2003, '-8 21.05.2003, p. 33 Rcl. 2.363/
PA, Rel. Min. Gilmar Mendes, ac. 23.10.2003, RSTJ, v. 193, p. 513.). ,sto é, a coisa Mulgada será ofendida, ainda que a lei
declarada inconstitucional não tenha sido o fundamento do ato impugnado. Prevalecerá a eÀcácia do Mulgado mesmo que
apenas a tese adotada pelo 6TF esteMa sendo questionada.
35 “2 obMeto do Mulgado é a conclusão última do raciocínio do Mui], e não as premissas o ~ltimo e imediato resultado da
decisão, e não a série de fatos, das relações ou dos estados Murídicos que, no espírito do Mui], constituíram os pressupostos de
tal resultadoµ (C+,29E1DA, Giuseppe. ,QVWLWXLo}HVGHGLUHLWRSURFHVVXDOFLYLO 3.ed. 6ão Paulo: 6araiva, 1969, v. ,, n. 129, p. 411).
36 1,E9A-FE12LL, Jordi. La cosa giudicata: la Àne de un mito. 5LYLVWD7ULPHVWUDOHGL'LULWWRH3URFHGXUD&LYLOH Ano 2014,
nž 4, Milano: Giuffrq, p. 135.

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 83

2UDMXOJDUXPDFDXVDHPVHXPpULWRFRQVLVWHMXVWDPHQWHHPUHVROYHUDV
TXHVW}HVTXHLQWHJUDPRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRRREMHWROLWLJLRVR3RULVVRR
DUWLJRGR&3&QDSHUVSHFWLYDGHGHOLPLWDUDFRLVDMXOJDGDDILUPD
TXHDVHQWHQoDGHPpULWR³WHPIRUoDGHOHLQRVOLPLWHVGDTXHVWmRSULQFLSDO
H[SUHVVDPHQWHGHFLGLGD´(RDUWHPVHJXLGDDGX]TXH³QHQKXPMXL]
GHFLGLUiQRYDPHQWHDVTXHVW}HVMiGHFLGLGDVUHODWLYDVjPHVPDOLGH´
1DYHUGDGHQmRpRSHGLGRTXHRMXL]GHFLGHGLUHWDHXQLFDPHQWH
FRPR DSDUHQWHPHQWH VH GHGX] GR GLVSRVLWLYR GH XPD VHQWHQoD $OL Vy VH
FKHJDSRUPHLRGDUHVROXomRGHWRGDVDVTXHVW}HVUHOHYDQWHVGROLWtJLRGH
PDQHLUDTXHRGLVSRVLWLYRQmRpPDLVTXHDUHVXOWDQWHQHFHVViULDGHWRGDVDV
GHFLV}HVGDVTXHVW}HVTXHFRPS}HPRREMHWROLWLJLRVR
2SURYLPHQWRMXGLFLDOGHPpULWRpHPVXPDRFRQMXQWRLQGLVVRFL
iYHOGHWRGDVDVTXHVW}HVUHVROYLGDVTXHPRWLYDUDPDUHVSRVWDMXULVGLFLRQDO
jGHPDQGDHQXQFLDGDQRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoD6HHVWDVTXHVW}HVQmRVH
HVWDELOL]DUHPMXQWDPHQWHFRPDUHVSRVWDVtQWHVHMDPDLVVHORJUDUiFRQIHULU
VHJXUDQoDjVLWXDomRMXUtGLFDGLVFXWLGDHVROXFLRQDGDQRSURYLPHQWReSRU
LVVRTXHDGRXWULQDSURFHVVXDOPDLVHYROXtGDGHQRVVRVGLDVYrFRPRDOFDQ
oDGDSHODVHJXUDQoDMXUtGLFDSURSRUFLRQDGDSHODFRLVDMXOJDGDQmRHVWDRX
DTXHOD SDUWH GD VHQWHQoD PDV WRGD D VLWXDomR MXUtGLFD PDWHULDO REMHWR GR
DFHUWDPHQWR FRQWLGR QR SURYLPHQWR GHILQLWLYR GH PpULWR 1mR SRGH HP
WDOSHUVSHFWLYDSHUPDQHFHUIRUDGDDXWRULGDGHGDUHVLXGLFDWDDVROXomRGD
TXHVWmRSULQFLSDOLHDFDXVDGHSHGLUVHMDDLQYRFDGDSHORDXWRUVHMDDTXH
IXQGDPHQWDDUHVLVWrQFLDGRUpX
'H WDO VRUWH WRGD UHVROXomR GH TXHVWmR TXDOLILFDGD FRPR SULQFLSDO
IHLWD SHOD GHFLVmR GH PpULWR DVVXPH IRUoD GH OHL DUW  HQWUH DV SDUWHV
WRUQDQGRVHQRGHYLGRWHPSRLPXWiYHOHLQGLVFXWtYHODUWHSRUFRQ
VHTXrQFLDLPSHGLUiTXHTXDOTXHUMXL]YROWHDUHMXOJiODDUWHQWUHRV
PHVPRVOLWLJDQWHVDUW

&2,6$-8/*$'$(48(67­235(-8',&,$/1$3$66$*(0
'2&3&3$5$2&3&
1RUHJLPHGR&3&DTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOHQIUHQWDGDFRPRSUHV
VXSRVWRGDUHVROXomRGRPpULWRGDFDXVDILJXUDYDQRSODQRGRVPRWLYRVRX
DUJXPHQWRVLQVXVFHWtYHLVGHVHUHPDFREHUWDGRVSHODFRLVDMXOJDGDPDWHULDO
DUW,,,$SHQDVTXDQGRSURSRVWDSRUPHLRGHDomRGHFODUDWyULDLQ
FLGHQWDODUWpTXHDSUHWHQVmRQHODIXQGDGDVHGHVORFDULDGRSODQRGD
PRWLYDomRSDUDRGDGHFLVmRGHPpULWRGHPRGRTXHRSHGLGRGHFODUDWyULRD

84 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

VHXUHVSHLWRDPSOLDULDRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRID]HQGRFRPTXHVXDUHVROXomR
SDVVDVVHDILJXUDUQRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDGDPHVPDIRUPDTXHDFRQWH
FLDFRPRSHGLGRRULJLQiULRGRDXWRUIRUPXODGRQDSHWLomRLQLFLDO$VVLP
FRPR REMHWR GH SHGLGR D GHFODUDomR D UHVSHLWR GD TXHVWmR SUHMXGLFLDO VH
WRUQDYDSDUWHLQWHJUDQWHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDPDWHULDODUW
2XWURpRVLVWHPDGR&3&YLVWRTXHDJRUDDIRUoDGHOHLDWULEX
tGDjVHQWHQoDGHPpULWRWRUQDGDLPXWiYHOHLQGLVFXWtYHOSHODDXWRULGDGHGD
FRLVDMXOJDGDPDWHULDODUWVHHVWHQGHjUHVROXomRGHTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDO
VHPGHSHQGHUGHDomRGHFODUDWyULDLQFLGHQWDO%DVWDTXHWHQKDVLGRGHFLGLGD
H[SUHVVD H LQFLGHQWHPHQWH QR SURFHVVR FRP REVHUYkQFLD GRV FRQGLFLRQD
PHQWRVSUHYLVWRVQRV††HGRDUW
&RPLVWRDRHVWHQGHUDFRLVDMXOJDGDjTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOLQGH
SHQGHQWHPHQWHGHSHGLGRGHGHFODUDomRLQFLGHQWDOIRUPXODGRSHODSDUWH
R&3&DUW†žWRUQRXTXHVWmRSULQFLSDOSDUDHIHLWRGHHV
WDEHOHFLPHQWRGRVOLPLWHVREMHWLYRVGDUHVLXGLFDWDWRGDVDVTXHVW}HVGH
PpULWRFXMDVROXomRWHQKDVLGROyJLFDHMXULGLFDPHQWHQHFHVViULDSDUDUH
VROXomRGRREMHWROLWLJLRVRGRSURFHVVR([LVWHHPWDOVLVWHPiWLFDTXHVWmR
SULQFLSDOIRUPXODGDDWUDYpVGRSHGLGRGDSDUWHHTXHVWmRWRUQDGDSULQ
FLSDOSHODQHFHVVLGDGHOyJLFDGHHQIUHQWDPHQWRSHORMXOJDGRUQDREUDGH
FRQVWUXLUDVHQWHQoDGHPpULWRUHVROXomRGRREMHWROLWLJLRVRGHGX]LGR
SHODSDUWH1mRpPDLVSRVVtYHOSRUWDQWRFRQWLQXDUGHIHQGHQGRDWHVH
GHTXHDLPXWDELOLGDGHHLQGLVFXWLELOLGDGHGDVHQWHQoDSDVVDGDHPMXO
JDGRVHUHVWULQJHDRVHXGLVSRVLWLYRQmRDOFDQoDQGRDVTXHVW}HVWUD]LGDV
FRPRIXQGDPHQWRGRSHGLGRVHVREUHHODVDSDUWHQmRKRXYHUUHTXHULGR
DGHFODUDomRMXGLFLDO7RGDTXHVWmRVXEVWDQFLDODTXHVHVXERUGLQRXDVR
OXomRGRPpULWRGDFDXVDFRPRXVHPSHGLGRGDSDUWHHQWHQGHVHDOFDQ
oDGDSHODFRLVDMXOJDGDVHVHPVXDLQWHJUDomRQmRIRUSRVVtYHOPDQWHUVH
D VLWXDomR HVWDEHOHFLGD SHOD VHQWHQoD SDUD D FRPSRVLomR GHILQLWLYD GR
REMHWROLWLJLRVRGRSURFHVVR

3 2 obMetivo da inovação do † 1ž do art. 503 do CPC/2015 foi Mustamente “o de coibir a contradição lógica tornada
possível pelo sistema anterior, impedindo que uma determinada questão, originariamente discutida em um processo como
preMudicial, possa ser rediscutida e decidida diferentemente em ações futuras (...). Assim, a alteração dos limites obMetivos
teria por Ànalidade impedir a existrncia de decisões conÁitantes sobre uma mesma situação concretaµ. 8m contrato con-
siderado válido, quando se questionou a cobrança de Muros, por exemplo, não pode futuramente ser declarado inválido,
quando se cobrar a prestação principal (M,1AM,, M. <. PE,;2T2, Ravi. Da questão preMudicial incidental constitucio-
nal no 6TF e o novo regime de coisa Mulgada. 5HYLVWDGH3URFHVVR v. 263, p. 86, 6ão Paulo, Man/201).

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 85

80$9,6­2$78$/,=$'Ë66,0$'$7(25,$'$1(&(66È
5,$(67$%,/,'$'('$6'(&,6®(6-8',&,$,6'(0e5,72
$H[WHQVmRGDFRLVDMXOJDGDDRVIXQGDPHQWRVGDGHFLVmRGHPpULWR
MXVWLILFDVHVHJXQGR&$%5$/jOX]GDWHRULDGDHVWDELOLGDGHGRVSURYLPHQ
WRVMXULVGLFLRQDLVTXHFRQGX]jSROtWLFDGHHYLWDUGRLVRXPDLVMXt]RVGLYHU
JHQWHVVREUHDPHVPDPDWpULD1HVVHVHQWLGRYDORUL]DVH³RHQWHQGLPHQWRGH
TXHDSULQFLSDOIXQomRGDHVWDELOLGDGHpDSURLELomRGHFRQWUDGLomR:LGHUV
SUXFKVYHUERWWHVHGHIHQGLGDSRU%/20(<(5QDOLQKDGRTXHMiSURSXVHUD
:$&+PXLWRVDQRVDQWHV´
$FUHVFHQWDDOLomRTXHHPWDOSHUVSHFWLYD³IRUWHQDQHFHVVLGDGHGH
KDUPRQLDHQWUHMXOJDPHQWRVRTXHLPSRUWDQmRpDXQLGDGHGHGHFODUDomR
PDVDLPSRVVLELOLGDGHGHSURQ~QFLDVLQFRPSDWtYHLVHQWUHGRLVRXPDLVGH
EDWHV´'RQGHH[WUDLDVHJXLQWHFRQFOXVmR
³$VVLPYHPRVXPDPELHQWHVHJXURSDUDVXVWHQWDUDYLQFXOD
WLYLGDGHGDVTXHVW}HVSUpYLDVHPQRPHGDFRHUrQFLDHFRQVLV
WrQFLDGRVLVWHPDMXGLFLiULRHYLWDQGRRGHVFUpGLWRTXHSRGHULD
WUDQVSDUHFHUDRMXULVGLFLRQDGRSHODVROXomRGDPHVPDTXHVWmR
HPYiULDVPDQHLUDVFRQWUDGLWyULDVHQWUHVL

$OpPGLVVRDSURLELomRGHFRQWUDGLomRRXDIDVWDPHQWRUHYHOD
XPDIXQomRVLVWrPLFDGDIXQGDPHQWDomRGDVGHFLV}HVTXHVH
UHIOHWHQmRDSHQDVSDUDDVROXomRGDTXHOHFDVRFRQFUHWRPDV
SDUDDVLPSOLILFDomRGRVFXVWRVGRWHPSRHGDHQHUJLDJDVWRV
QRV SURFHGLPHQWRV GHFLVyULRV SRVWHULRUHV DVVXPLQGR DVVLP
SDSHO LPSRUWDQWH WDPEpP HP JDUDQWLU VHJXUDQoD QR WUiIHJR
MXUtGLFR

3RU RXWUR ODGR D SURLELomR GH FRQWUDGLomR WDPEpP IDOD HP

QRPHGDVHJXUDQoD&RPHIHLWRTXDQWRPDLVDVTXHVW}HVSUp
YLDVIRUHPYLQFXODWLYDVHQmRDSHQDVDTXHVWmRSULQFLSDOGHFL
GLGDQRGLVSRVLWLYRPDLVRWUiIHJRMXUtGLFRVHUiVHJXURSHOD
SUHYLVLELOLGDGH H SHOD FRQWLQXLGDGH WHQGHQFLDO GDV SRVLo}HV
HVWiYHLV´JQ

38 CABRAL, Antônio do Passo. &RLVDMXOJDGDHSUHFOXV}HVGLQkPLFDVFLWp. 39.

39 CABRAL, Antônio do Passo. 2SFLWp. 398-399.

86 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

7(1'Ç1&,$'2',5(,72&203$5$'2($326,d­2'2
1292&3&
$WHVHRXWURUDGRPLQDQWHHQWUHQyVGHTXHQmRVHSRGHULDLVRODUD
FDXVDSHWHQGLSDUDUHFRQKHFHUFRLVDMXOJDGDVREUHHODIRUDGHVXDLQWHUYLQ
FXODomRFRPRSHGLGRUHVSRQGLGRSHORGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDQmRpDTXH
WHP SUHYDOHFLGR QR GLUHLWR FRPSDUDGR QRV ~OWLPRV WHPSRV QHP p D TXH
PHUHFHVHUSUHVWLJLDGDGLDQWHGRUHJLPHLPSODQWDGRSHORQRVVRQRYR&yGLJR
GH3URFHVVR&LYLOSULQFLSDOPHQWHVHOHYDUPRVHPFRQWDRUHFRQKHFLPHQWR
H[SUHVVRGHTXHDUHVROXomRGDTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOSRUVLVyWRUQRXVHSDV
VtYHOGHWUDQVLWDUHPMXOJDGR&3&DUW†
&RPHIHLWRVHDOHJLVODomRDWXDODEROLXDQHFHVVLGDGHGHDomRGHFODUD
WyULDLQFLGHQWDOSDUDTXHDGHFLVmRVREUHDTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOVHUHYLVWDGD
DXWRULGDGHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDpyEYLRTXHQmRKiPDLVFRPRMXVWLILFDUOyJLFD
H MXULGLFDPHQWH TXH D TXHVWmR SULQFLSDO LH D FDXVD GH SHGLU FRQWLQXH
VHQGRWUDWDGDFRPRVLPSOHVPRWLYRLQVXVFHWtYHOGHWHUDUHVSHFWLYDVROXomR
FRORFDGDQRWHUUHQRGDLQGLVFXWLELOLGDGHHLPXWDELOLGDGHSUySULDVGRMXOJD
PHQWRGHILQLWLYRGROLWtJLR
6HDWpDTXHVWmRQRYDDJUHJDGDLQFLGHQWDOPHQWHDRSURFHVVRSRULQWHU
IHULUQDDSUHFLDomRGRSHGLGRQmRGHYHVHUYLVWDFRPRTXHVWmRHVWUDQKDDR
DFHUWDPHQWRGRPpULWRGDFDXVDSDUDHIHLWRGHVHUDOFDQoDGDSHODDXWRULGDGH
GDFRLVDMXOJDGDLPSRVVtYHOHLQFRQJUXHQWHVHULDFRQWLQXDUGHIHQGHQGRTXH
DVROXomRGDGDjUHODomRMXUtGLFDOLWLJLRVDREMHWRSULQFLSDOGROLWtJLRQmR
WHP DSWLGmR SDUD XOWUDSDVVDU D FRQGLomR GH PHUR PRWLYR GD VHQWHQoD GH
PpULWR8UJHSRLVLQVHULUHVVDUHODomRMXUtGLFDLHDFDXVDGHSHGLUHQWUH
DVTXHVW}HVVROXFLRQDGDVSHODVHQWHQoDQRDWRGHMXOJDURPpULWRGDFDXVD
H UHFRQKHFHU TXH SRU LVVR PHVPR FRPR REMHWR GD TXHVWmR SULQFLSDO D
GHFODUDomRDVHXUHVSHLWRQmRSRGHGHL[DUGHTXDOLILFDUVHFRPRLPXWiYHOH
LQGLVFXWtYHOXPDYH]HVJRWDGDDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHLPSXJQDomRUHFXUVDOQRV
PROGHVGRVDUWVH
1mRpGHQWURGRVLVWHPDDWXDORSHGLGRGHGHFODUDomRTXHWRUQDD
UHODomR MXUtGLFD PDWHULDO OLWLJLRVD REMHWR GR DFHUWDPHQWR HIHWXDGR QD VHQ
WHQoDGHPpULWRpLVWRVLPDFLUFXQVWkQFLDGHVHDSUHVHQWDUHODFRPRXPD
TXHVWmRSRQWRFRQWURYHUWLGRTXHDLQVHUHQRSODQRGDVTXHVW}HVGHFLGLGDV
SDUDVHGHILQLUDFRPSRVLomRMXGLFLDOGROLWtJLRGHGX]LGRHPMXt]RSRUPHLR
GRSURFHVVR6HSDUDUHVSRQGHUDRSHGLGRGRDXWRUHjVREMHo}HVGRUpXR
MXL] WHYH GH UHFRQKHFHU RX QHJDU D UHODomR MXUtGLFD PDWHULDO FRQWURYHUWLGD
FDXVDSHWHQGLpOyJLFRHLUUHFXViYHOTXHKRXYHVROXomRMXGLFLDOGHTXHVWmR

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 87

SULQFLSDOVREUHDTXDODDXWRULGDGHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDKDYHUiGHUHFDLUeDOLiV
DSUySULDOHLTXHDILUPDLQFLGLUDIRUoDGHOHLGRMXOJDPHQWRGRPpULWR³QRV
OLPLWHVGDTXHVWmRSULQFLSDOH[SUHVVDPHQWHGHFLGLGD´DUWFDSXW
5HVVDOWHVH TXH R QRYR &3& IRL FRHUHQWH H LQRYDGRU WUDWDQGR KDU
PRQLFDPHQWH R UHJLPH GR MXOJDPHQWR GD TXHVWmR SULQFLSDO PpULWR H R
GDTXHVWmRSUHMXGLFLDOLQFLGHQWDOPHQWHVXVFLWDGDHUHVROYLGD'LVS{VFRP
HIHLWRQmRVyTXHDIRUoDGHOHLDWULEXtGDjVHQWHQoDGHPpULWRVHDSOLFDj
VROXomRGDTXHVWmRSULQFLSDODUWFDSXWPDVWDPEpPjGDTXHVWmRSUH
MXGLFLDO³GHFLGLGDH[SUHVVDHLQFLGHQWDOPHQWHQRSURFHVVR´DUW†
3RXFRLPSRUWDSRUWDQWRTXHDVTXHVW}HVFXMDDSUHFLDomRVHMDQHFHVViULDSDUD
RMXOJDPHQWRGRPpULWRVHDSUHVHQWHPFRPRSULQFLSDLVRXLQFLGHQWDLV(P
TXDOTXHUVLWXDomRTXHDVROXomRGDTXHVWmRILJXUDUFRPRUHTXLVLWROyJLFR
MXUtGLFRGDUHVROXomRGRREMHWROLWLJLRVRPHULWXPFDXVDHHVXDGLVFXVVmR
HDSUHFLDomRREVHUYDUHPRVUHTXLVLWRVGDFRPSHWrQFLDHGRFRQWUDGLWyULRD
IRUPDomRGDUHVLXGLFDWDVHUiLQHYLWiYHO
(VVDDPSOLDomRGRHVSHFWURREMHWLYRGDFRLVDMXOJDGDOHYDGDDFDER
SHOR&3&GHFRUUHVSRQGHjSUHRFXSDomRGROHJLVODGRUFRPXPVLV
WHPDTXHSHUPLWDDFDGDSURFHVVRWHUR³PDLRUUHQGLPHQWRSRVVtYHO´H[
SRVLomRGHPRWLYRVGR$QWHSURMHWRGR1&3&'RQGHDFRQFOXVmRGHTXH
³HVWHQGHUDFRLVDMXOJDGDjPRWLYDomR>LHjVTXHVW}HVGHPpULWRUHVROYLGDV
SHODVHQWHQoD@SURSRUFLRQDUiVLPSOHVPHQWHPDLRUDSURYHLWDPHQWRGRFRQ
WH~GRGDGHFLVmRVHPPRGLILFDUDHVVrQFLDGDDWLYLGDGHMXULVGLFLRQDODVHU
GHVHQYROYLGD´
$ W{QLFD GRV &yGLJRV HVWUDQJHLURV PDLV UHFHQWHV DFHQWXD HVVD QRYD
YLVmRTXHHQ[HUJDDUHODomRMXUtGLFDEiVLFDGDFRQWURYpUVLDFRPRREMHWRTXH
VHPRVWUDDOFDQoiYHOSHODDXWRULGDGHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDXPDYH]LUUHFRUUtYHOD
VHQWHQoDGHPpULWRDVHXUHVSHLWR/RJRVHDFDXVDSHWHQGLHQYROYHDUHODomR
MXUtGLFDPDWHULDOFRQWURYHUWLGDQmRpSUHFLVRTXHVHXVHXPDDomRGHFODUD
WyULDDVHXUHVSHLWRSDUDTXHDFRLVDMXOJDGDVREUHHODVHIRUPH%DVWDUiTXH
HVVDUHODomRWHQKDVLGRWUDWDGDHUHFRQKHFLGDFRPRTXHVWmRGHFLGLGDSDUDVH
FKHJDUDRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDGHPpULWR(VVDWHVHpDTXHDGRWDPRV&y
GLJRVHXURSHXVPDLVPRGHUQRVDH[HPSORGR&3&SRUWXJXrVGHFXMR
DUWQHVWDWXLTXH³WUDQVLWDGDHPMXOJDGRDVHQWHQoDRXRGHVSDFKR
VDQHDGRUTXHGHFLGDRPpULWRGDFDXVDDGHFLVmRVREUHDUHODomRPDWHULDO
FRQWURYHUWLGDILFDDWHUIRUoDREULJDWyULDGHQWURGRSURFHVVRHIRUDGHOH´
40 L2PE6, Bruno 9asconcelos Carrilho. /LPLWHVREMHWLYRVHHÀFiFLDSUHFOXVLYDGDFRLVDMXOJDGD6ão Paulo: 6araiva, 2012, p. 9 cf.
também DE L8CCA, Rodrigo Ramina. 2s limites obMetivos da coisa Mulgada no novo Código de Processo Civil. Revista
GH3URFHVVR v. 252, p. 8, fev/2016.

88 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

 5HJLVWUHVHSRUILPTXHRQRYR&3&EUDVLOHLURVXSHUDQGRDVLQFHU
WH]DV GR UHJLPH GD UHV LXGLFDWD GR &yGLJR DQWHULRU GHX PDLV XP LPSRU
WDQWH SDVVR QD SROtWLFD GH DSUR[LPDomR DR SURFHVVR DGRWDGR WUDGLFLRQDO
PHQWHSHORVSDtVHVGRFRPPRQODZRQGHSUHYDOHFHXPDVHYHUDGLVFLSOLQD
GDFRLVDMXOJDGDDSRQWRGHLQFOXLU³DWpPHVPRDVXDH[WHQVmRDFDXVDVGH
SHGLUQmRSURSRVWDVPDVUHODFLRQDGDVDRPHVPRDWRLOtFLWRPHVPRWRUW´
&RPLVVRRVLVWHPDGRFRPPRQODZYLVDDSUHYHQLU³DPXOWLSOLFLGDGHGH
SURFHVVRV {QXV VXFXPEHQFLDLV PRURVLGDGH H DEXVR GH SURFHVVR FRQWUD R
UpX´H[LJLQGRTXHDVSDUWHVDSUHVHQWHPDMXOJDPHQWRSHOD&RUWH-XGLFLDO
³DLQWHJUDOLGDGHGHVHXFDVR´VREUHRTXDOVHHVWDEHOHFHUiDFRLVDMXOJDGDGH
PDQHLUDDYHGDUDUHSURSRVLWXUDGHQRYDVGHPDQGDVGHFRUUHQWHVGHRPLVVmR
QHJOLJHQWHGRVLQWHUHVVDGRVDFHUFDGHDUJXLo}HVUHOHYDQWHVOLJDGDVDTXHVW}HV
UHODFLRQDGDVDRPHVPRFDVR

3URFHVVRFLYLOHVSDQKRO
1DDWXDO/H\GH(QMXLFLDPLHQWR&LYLO&3&HVSDQKROGHHVWi
SUHYLVWRTXHRVHIHLWRVGDFRLVDMXOJDGDDEDUFDPRVIDWRVHRVIXQGDPHQWRV
MXUtGLFRV DUJXLGRV HP XP OLWtJLRHDWpPHVPRRVQmRDOHJDGRVVHIRVVHP
SDVVtYHLVGHDOHJDomRQRSURFHVVRSDUDVROXomRGDFDXVDDUW

3URFHVVRFLYLOGD)HGHUDomR5XVVD
2QRYR&yGLJRGH3URFHVVR&LYLOGHGD)HGHUDomR5XVVDVREUH
R WHPD GLVS}H TXH ³GHSRLV TXH D VHQWHQoD SDVVD HP MXOJDGR DV SDUWHV H
VHXVVXFHVVRUHVQmRSRGHPSURSRUXPDQRYDGHPDQGDSDUDID]HUYDOHUXP
PHVPRGLUHLWRHWDPSRXFRFRQWHVWDUHPRXWURSURFHVVRRVIDWRVHUHODo}HV
MXUtGLFDVTXHFRPDTXHODIRUDPFHUWLILFDGRV´DUW&RPRVHYrQD
OHJLVODomRUXVVDUHFHQWHDFRLVDMXOJDGDVHHVWHQGHVREUHDVUHODo}HVMXUtGLFDV
TXHIRUDPDFHUWDGDVSHODVHQWHQoD

3URFHVVRFLYLOSRUWXJXrV
1DPHVPDOLQKDRPRGHUQtVVLPR&yGLJRGH3URFHVVR&LYLOGH3RU
WXJDOHGLWDGRHPGLVS}HTXHDFRLVDMXOJDGDPDWHULDOLQFLGH³VREUHD
UHODomRPDWHULDOFRQWURYHUWLGD´DUW

41 DE L8CCA, Rodrigo Ramina. 2SFLWp. 88.

42 DE L8CCA, Rodrigo Ramina. 2SFLW p. 89.
43 DE L8CCA, Rodrigo Ramina. 2SFLW p. 88.

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 89

3URFHVVRFLYLOLWDOLDQR
1D,WiOLDQmRSRUPHLRGHUHIRUPDOHJLVODWLYDPDVSRUYLDGHH[HJHVH
MXULVSUXGHQFLDOYHPVHQGRFRQVWUXtGDXPDQRomRGHFRLVDMXOJDGDPDWHULDO
PXLWR PDLV DPSOD TXH D DGPLWLGD SHOD GRXWULQD WUDGLFLRQDO $VVLP p TXH
SDUDDMXULVSUXGrQFLDLWDOLDQDPDLVUHFHQWHRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRVREUHRTXDO
UHFDLDFRLVDMXOJDGDQmRPDLVVHUHVXPHQRSHWLWXPMiTXHQHOHVHLQFOXHP
WDPEpPDVUD]}HVGHIDWRHGHGLUHLWRTXHVXVWHQWDPDUHVROXomRGRSHGLGR
1mRpHQWmRDUHVSRVWDDRSHGLGRR~QLFRHOHPHQWRGRGHFLVyULRTXHVHWRUQD
LPXWiYHOHLQGLVFXWtYHOHQWUHDVSDUWHVSRUHIHLWRGDFRLVDMXOJDGD
9,5*,1,$3(75(//$DQDOLVDQGRHVVDHYROXomRSUHWRULDQDFLWDYi
ULRVDUHVWRVGRVWULEXQDLVLWDOLDQRVSULQFLSDOPHQWHGD&RUWHGH&DVVDomR
HPTXHWHULDVLGRSURFODPDGRTXH³DDXWRULGDGHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDVHHVWHQGHD
WRGDVDVVLWXDo}HVDLQGDTXHLPSOtFLWDVTXHFRQVWLWXDPSDUDDGHFLVmRILQDO
SRQWRVQHFHVVDULDPHQWHDOFDQoDGRVSHORDUFROyJLFRGDGHFLVmRUHSUHVHQWDQ
GRRSUHVVXSRVWRLQGLVSHQViYHOGDVROXomRDFROKLGDLQFOXVLYHDVVLWXDo}HV
HPWRUQRGHIDWR´
(VVHSRVLFLRQDPHQWRMXULVSUXGHQFLDOVHJXQGRDPHVPDDXWRUDWHP
VLGRDGRWDGRHPQXPHURVRVFDVRVQRVTXDLVRVSURFHVVRVJXDUGDPFRQH[mR
FRPRVDQWHULRUHVPHVPRWHQGRXQVHRXWURVSRUREMHWRGLUHLWRVGLVWLQWRV
$VVLPSRUH[HPSORWHPVLGRGHFLGLGRTXH
³6HPSUH TXH GRLV SURFHVVRV HQWUH DV PHVPDV SDUWHV WHQKDP
SRUREMHWRXPPHVPRQHJyFLRRXUHODomRMXUtGLFDHXPGHOHV
WHQKDVLGRGHILQLGRSRUVHQWHQoDSDVVDGDHPMXOJDGRRDFHU
WDPHQWRMiUHDOL]DGRHPWRUQRGDVLWXDomRMXUtGLFDDUHVSHLWR
GDTXDODUHVROXomRGHXPDTXHVWmRGHIDWRRXGHGLUHLWRWH
QKD LQFLGLGR VREUHXPSRQWRIXQGDPHQWDOFRPXPDDPEDV
DVFDXVDVHTXHKDMDFRQVWLWXtGRDSUHPLVVDOyJLFDGDGHFLVmR
FRQWLGDQRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDSDVVDGDHPMXOJDGRSUHFOXL
RUHH[DPHGRSRQWRGHILQLGRHUHVROYLGRDLQGDTXHRSURFHVVR
VXEVHTXHQWHWHQKDILQDOLGDGHGLYHUVDGDTXHODTXHFRQVWLWXLXR
HVFRSRHRSHWLWXPGRSULPHLUR´WUDGXomROLYUH

%DVWDTXHRIDWRKLVWyULFRIXQGDPHQWDOHQVHMDGRUGROLWtJLRVHMDFR
PXPDGLYHUVRVSURFHVVRVSDUDTXHDVROXomRGHILQLWLYDGHXPGHOHVWHQKD
44 PETRELLA, Virginia. Note problematiche sul giudicato in punto di fatto alla luce dei principi del giusto processo civile. Studi in onore di
&DUPLQH3XQ]L Torino: G. Giappichelli, 2008, v. ,, p. 424.
45 PETRELLA, Virginia. 2SFLW, p. 424.

90 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

GHSUHYDOHFHUFRPRFRLVDMXOJDGDHQWUHDVPHVPDVSDUWHVSRXFRLPSRUWDQGR
TXHGLIHUHQWHVVHMDPRVSHGLGRVIRUPXODGRVHPFDGDXPGHOHV2DFHUWDPHQ
WRVREUHRIDWRIXQGDPHQWDOFRPXPQmRGHYHVHUUHQRYDGReRTXHVHSDVVD
HPIDFHGHXPDVyUHODomRQHJRFLDOGXUDGRXUDDFHUFDGDTXDOVXUJLUDPHQWUH
DVSDUWHVVXFHVVLYDVGHPDQGDV1XPDVHGLVFXWLXYJDYDOLGDGHGRFRQWUDWR
SDUDVROXFLRQDURSHGLGRGHFXPSULPHQWRGHXPDGHWHUPLQDGDSUHVWDomR
QRXWUDUHFODPRXVHDVDWLVIDomRGHRXWUDREULJDomRJHUDGDSHORPHVPRQH
JyFLR MXUtGLFR (PERUD GLYHUVRV RV SHGLGRV WRGRV VH IXQGDP QR PHVPR
FRQWUDWR3RULVVRQDVHJXQGDFDXVDQmRpPDLVOtFLWRGLVFXWLUDYDOLGDGHGR
FRQWUDWRVHLVWRMiIRLDFHUWDGRSHODVHQWHQoDDQWHULRU
1mRVHSRGHDUJXLUDGLYHUVLGDGHGHSHGLGRVHPWDLVFDVRVQHPVH
SRGHLQYRFDUTXHDFRLVDMXOJDGDQmRLQFLGHVREUHRVPRWLYRVGDVHQWHQoD
3DUDDFRUUHQWHPDMRULWiULDGD&RUWHGH&DVVDomRLWDOLDQDWUDQVLWDPHPMXOJD
GRWDQWRRDFHUWDPHQWRILQDOGDGRDRSHGLGRFRPRRIDWRKLVWyULFRGHILQLGR
SDUDVROXFLRQDURSHGLGR
'LYHUVDPHQWH GR TXH HQWUH QyV HVWi DVVHQWDGR QD MXULVSUXGrQFLD
GR 67- IRUPDGD QR UHJLPH GR &3& GH  SDUD D &RUWH GH &DVVDomR
LWDOLDQDWUDQVLWDPHPMXOJDGRFRPDXWRQRPLDWDQWRRSHWLWXPFRPRD
FDXVDSHWHQGL2XVHMDQHVVDyWLFDRIDWRMXUtGLFRFDXVDOQmRpYLVWRPDLV
DSHQDVFRPRFULWpULRGHLQWHUSUHWDomRGRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDpWDP
EpPHQFDUDGRFRPRREMHWRGRDFHUWDPHQWRGHILQLWLYRRSHUDGRFRPIRUoD
GHFRLVDMXOJDGD
1XPDpSRFDHPTXHDRUGHPFRQVWLWXFLRQDOGR(VWDGR'HPRFUiWLFR
GH'LUHLWRWUDQVIRUPDHPJDUDQWLDIXQGDPHQWDODHIHWLYLGDGHGHXPSURFHV
VRGHGXUDomRUD]RiYHOHGHHVWUXWXUDYROWDGDSDUDDHFRQRPLDSURFHVVXDO
&)DUW;;;9H/;;9,,,DSRVWXUDGDMXULVSUXGrQFLDLWDOLDQDSDUHFH
PDLVDILQDGDFRPDVPHWDVGR³SURFHVVRMXVWR´GRTXHDWUDGLFLRQDOFXMD
FRQIRUPDomRVHFRQVWUXLXPDLVjOX]GRGRJPDWLVPRGRTXHGDEXVFDGH
UHVXOWDGRVSUiWLFRVVHQVtYHLVjSROtWLFDPRGHUQDGHWXWHODMXULVGLFLRQDOIDFL
OLWDGDHHILFLHQWH

46 Dois exemplos extraídos de arestos da cassação italiana: um determinado fato ilícito foi utili]ado para pretender, em
embargos j execução, a nulidade do título exequendo, e foi reMeitado por sentença. 1uma segunda demanda a mesma parte
pretendeu perdas e danos, pelo mesmo fato que antes fora invocado nos embargos j execução. Aplicou-se, para reMeitar
a segunda demanda, a coisa Mulgada sobre o fato Murídico fundamental de ambas as causas, tratando-se como irrelevante a
diversidade de pedidos. 2utro exemplo: na primeira causa, entre vi]inhos, travou-se disputa visando o fechamento de uma
Manela, tendo sido discutida a propriedade do autor na segunda, as mesmas partes, enfrentaram a pretensão de redu]ir as
dimensões do acesso de lu] de um dos prédios. A Corte de Cassação entendeu que estava preclusa a questão em torno da
propriedade, Má decidida no primeiro processo, sem embargo da diversidade de pedidos formulados nos dois processos
(PETRELLA, Virginia. 2SFLW, p. 425).

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 91

 2VDUJXPHQWRVTXHQDGRXWULQDLWDOLDQDDLQGDUHVLVWHPjSRVLomR
GDMXULVSUXGrQFLDDSHJDPVHDTXHRGLUHLWRGHDomRQmRWHULDVLGRFRQ
FHELGR FRPR GHVWLQDGR j WXWHOD GD YHUGDGH GRV IDWRV PDV DSHQDV GRV
GLUHLWRVVXEMHWLYRV1RHQWDQWRRTXHDQRYDGLPHQVmRGDUHVLXGLFDWD
DVVXPHQmRpDGHVLPSOHVPHQWHDWULEXLULQGLVFXWLELOLGDGHDRGHFLGLGR
VREUHRIXQGDPHQWRIiWLFRGDVHQWHQoDPDVDGHUHFRQKHFHUTXHRIDWR
MXUtGLFRFHUWLILFDGRVHMDKDYLGRFRPRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRHSRULVVRVHMD
LQFOXtGRQRVOLPLWHVGDFRLVDMXOJDGDeRDFHUWDPHQWRQmRGHTXDOTXHU
IDWR DSUHFLDGR HP MXt]R TXH VH LQFOXLUi QD iUHD GD UHV LXGLFDWD PDV
DSHQDV GDTXHOH TXH DVVXPH HP TXDOTXHU GLVSXWD D TXDOLGDGH GH IRQWH
GH DOJXP GLUHLWR VXEMHWLYR RX VHMD DTXHOH TXDOLILFDGR SHOD &RUWH GH
&DVVDomRFRPRIXQGDPHQWDOQRDFHUWDPHQWRGRGLUHLWRVXEMHWLYRREMHWR
GRSURFHVVRHPTXHDVHQWHQoDWUDQVLWRXHPMXOJDGReRFKDPDGRIDWR
SULQFLSDO DTXHOH TXH IRL UHOHYDQWH QD LQGLYLGXDomR GR REMHWR GH XP
SURFHVVRTXHGHYHVXSRUWDURHIHLWRSUHFOXVLYRHDVVLPVHULPSHGLGR
GHYROWDUjGLVFXVVmRMXGLFLDOHPRXWURSURFHVVRDLQGDTXHGHSHWLWXP
GLYHUVRPDVFXMDFDXVDGHSHGLUWHQKDRULJHPQRPHVPRIDWRKLVWyULFR
DFHUWDGRHPFDUiWHUSULQFLSDOQRIHLWRDQWHULRU
5(02 &$321, H $1'5($ 35272 3,6$1, SRU H[HPSOR GmR
FRPRFHUWRRSRVLFLRQDPHQWRGDMXULVSUXGrQFLDLWDOLDQDTXHSDUDHIHLWRGD
FRLVDMXOJDGDH[WHUQDPDWHULDODPSOLDRREMHWRGRGHFLVyULRSDUDDOFDQoDU
DKLSyWHVHGDSUHMXGLFLDOLGDGHOyJLFDLQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGHIRUPXODomRGH
GHFODUDWyULDLQFLGHQWDOQRVFDVRVGHUHODomRMXUtGLFDFRPSOH[DDTXDOYHP
DVHUGHGX]LGDHPMXt]RGHPDQHLUDIUDFLRQDGD3RUH[HPSORDSUHWHQVmR
DRDOXJXHO WHP FRPR SUHVVXSRVWROyJLFRQHFHVViULRDUHODomRORFDWtFLDGH
PRGRTXHDVHQWHQoDSDVVDGDHPMXOJDGRGHFRQGHQDomRDRDOXJXHOGHXP
GHWHUPLQDGR SHUtRGR S}H HP UHOHYR D H[LVWrQFLD H YDOLGDGH GD ORFDomR
(VVHSUHVVXSRVWRGDVHQWHQoDQmRSRGHVHULJQRUDGRHPSRVWHULRUGHPDQGD
RULJLQDGDGRPHVPRFRQWUDWR
3HOR PHQRV QDV UHODo}HV FRPSOH[DV GHULYDGDV GH XP Vy FRQWUDWR
&$321,H352723,6$1,HVWmRDFRUGHVFRPDSRVLomRMXULVSUXGHQFLDO
QRVHQWLGRGHTXHRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDQmRSRGHILFDUOL
PLWDGRjSUHWHQVmRGHGX]LGDHPMXt]RVREULVFRGHHPVXFHVVLYDVGHPDQ

4 Para identiÀcação de uma causa (ou ação), o direito brasileiro utili]a trrs elementos: as partes, o pedido e a causa de
pedir (CPC/3, art. 301, † 2ž 1CPC, art. 33, † 2ž. 6ão todos eles levados em conta pela atual Murisprudrncia da Corte de
Cassação italiana, para identiÀcar, também, os limites da coisa Mulgada.
48 Por relação Murídica complexa entende-se aquela da qual se podem extrair diversas pretensões em diferentes momentos.
49 CAP21,, Remo P,6A1,, Andrea Proto. Lineamenti di diritto processuale civile. Napoli: Jovene, n. 24, p. 82.

92 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

GDVHPWRUQRGHRXWUDVSUHVWDo}HVGHULYDGDVGRPHVPRFRQWUDWRFKHJDUVH
D XPD JUDYH FRQWUDGLomR OyJLFD GH MXOJDPHQWR $FHUWDGD D H[LVWrQFLD GR
FRQWUDWR SDUD MXVWLILFDU D FRQGHQDomR DR SDJDPHQWR GH XPD SUHVWDomR
QmR VHULD OyJLFR H DFHLWiYHO QHJDU WDO UHODomR MXUtGLFD FRPSOH[D TXDQGR
RXWUDSUHVWDomRGHOHGHULYDGDYLHVVHDVHUH[LJLGDHPRXWURSURFHVVRHQWUH
DVPHVPDVSDUWHV
(QILP R TXH WUDQVLWD HP MXOJDGR SDUD D MXULVSUXGrQFLD LWDOLDQD D
H[HPSORGRTXHVHSDVVDQRV&yGLJRVGD(VSDQKD3RUWXJDOH5~VVLDpDOJR
PDLVGRTXHDUHVSRVWDGDVHQWHQoDDRSHGLGRGRDXWRUpWDPEpPDUHODomR
MXUtGLFDEiVLFDGDFRQWURYpUVLDRXVHMDDTXHODTXHIRUPDDFDXVDSHWHQGLH
SRUWDQWRH[SULPHDUDWLRGHFLGHQGLTXHFRQGX]LXjFRQFOXVmRGRMXOJDPHQWR
$YDORUL]DomRGDFRLVDMXOJDGDDPSODDEDUFDQGRRDFHUWDPHQWRHP
WRUQRGRSHGLGRHGDFDXVDGHSHGLUUHODomRMXUtGLFDPDWHULDOEiVLFDWHP
VLGRDFROKLGDFRPPDLRUWUDQTXLOLGDGHTXHQRSDVVDGRDSDUWLUGDFRQVWD
WDomRGHTXHVHKDUPRQL]DPHOKRUFRPDPRGHUQDOHLWXUDFRQVWLWXFLRQDOGR
SURFHVVRMXVWRTXHKiGHVHUDTXHOHGHGXUDomRUD]RiYHOGHWUDPLWDomRFpOHUH
HGHUHVXOWDGRVHIHWLYRV

3URFHVVRFLYLODOHPmR
$FHUFD GD H[WHQVmR GD FRLVD MXOJDGD DRV IXQGDPHQWRV GD VHQWHQoD
FDXVDSHWHQGLGXDVFRUUHQWHVVHIRUPDUDPQD$OHPDQKDQRVpFXOR;;L
DGH6&+:$%VHJXLGDWDPEpPQR%UDVLODRWHPSRGR&yGLJRGHD
TXDOUHGX]LDRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRDRSHGLGRGHPRGRTXHRUHFXUVRjFDXVD
GHSHGLUVyVHSUHVWDYDDRHVFODUHFLPHQWRQRFDVRGHG~YLGDVREUHTXDOR
DOFDQFHGDUHVLXGLFDWDHLLDGH+$%6&+(,'VHJXQGRDTXDOVHDFDXVD
SHWHQGLpHOHPHQWRHVVHQFLDOGDGHPDQGD³QmRSRGHULDVHUFRPSUHHQGLGD
DSHQDV FRPR PpWRGR LQWHUSUHWDWLYR GR SHGLGR $R FRQWUiULR GHYHULD VHU
LQFRUSRUDGDDRREMHWRGRSURFHVVR´JQ
,QIRUPD&$%5$/TXHDOLomRGH+$%6&+(,'ăDGHTXHDFRLVD
MXOJDGD DEUDQJH WDPEpP DVSHFWRV UHOHYDQWHV GD FDXVD GH SHGLU TXH VHMDP
QHFHVViULRVRXGHFLVLYRVSDUDDFRPSUHHQVmRGRREMHWRGRSURFHVVRSHGLGR
50 CAP2N,, Remo P,6AN,, Andrea Proto. /LQHDPHQWLFLW, n. 25, p. 83. Diante de um só contrato ² esclarecem os autores
referidos ² que, por exemplo, “acertado o direito do vendedor ao pagamento do preço, não se pode sucessivamente negar
o direito do comprador à entrega da coisa ao argumento de não existir o contrato de compra e venda” (RSFLWORFFLW).
51 PETRELLA, Virginia. 2SFLW, p. 435.
52 6C+:AB, .arl +ein]. 'HU6WUHLWJHJHVWDQGLP=LYLOSUR]HVV Mnchen: C.+. BecN, 1954, p. 139, 151, 183-185 apud CA-
BRAL, Antônio do Passo. &RLVDMXOJDGDFLW p. 8.
53 +AB6C+E,D, :alter J. /·RJJHWWRGHOSURFHVVRQHOGLULWWRSURFHVVXDOHFLYLOHWHGHVFR 5LYLVWDGL'LULWWR3URFHVVXDOH v. ;;;V, ,,, 1980,
p. 461 apud CABRAL, Antônio do Passo. &RLVDMXOJDGDFLW p. 88.

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 93

HFDXVDGHSHGLUăpDGRXWULQDTXHSUHYDOHFHPRGHUQDPHQWHWDQWRQD$OH
PDQKDFRPRQDÈXVWULD

6Ë17(6(
1RSURFHVVRFLYLOPRGHUQRRVIDWRVHDFHUWLILFDomRGDYHUGDGHDVHX
UHVSHLWRQmRSRGHPVLPSOHVHDSULRULVWLFDPHQWHVHULJQRUDGRVQRHVWDEHOHFL
PHQWRGRVOLPLWHVREMHWLYRVGDFRLVDMXOJDGD(PERUDQRSODQRGDVDEVWUD
o}HVWHyULFDVVHMDSRVVtYHOLVRODURIDWRHRGLUHLWRQRPXQGRFRQFUHWRGR
SURFHVVRIDWRDOJXPpDSUHFLDGRVHPFRQRWDomRFRPVHXUHIOH[RQRGLUHLWR
HGLUHLWRDOJXPHQWUDHPFRJLWDomRVHPLQWHLUDUVHFRPVHXVXSRUWHIiWLFR
3RUWDQWRSDUDRSURFHVVRăVHJXQGRDGRXWULQDPRGHUQDDTXHVHILOLD-Ó
/,2/$1(6ă³SHQVDURIDWRLPSOLFDSHQVDURGLUHLWR´H³SHQVDURGLUHLWR
GHSHQGHGRIDWRSHQVDGR´/RJR³SDUDTXHXPJDQKHVHQWLGRpQHFHVViULR
RRXWUR´)DWRHGLUHLWRHPWDOSHUVSHFWLYDLQVHUHPVHQXPDUHODomRFLUFXODU
GHFRPSOHWDHUHFtSURFDLPSOLFDomR(VHDVVLPp³XPVHPRRXWURQDGDGL]
SDUDRSURFHVVR´
'Dt D FRQFOXVmR GH TXH SRU FRUUHVSRQGHU D XPD DUWLILFLDOLGDGH
QmRVHSRGHFRQWLQXDULVRODQGRDFDXVDSHWHQGLQDVXDGXSODDEUDQJrQ
FLDGHIDWRHGHGLUHLWRGRDOFDQFHGDDXWRULGDGHGDFRLVDMXOJDGDTXH
VDELGDPHQWHGHYHUHFDLUVREUHRREMHWROLWLJLRVR,VWRSRUTXHRREMHWROL
WLJLRVRHPWRUQRGRTXDOJLUDDUHVROXomRMXGLFLDOQmRVHUHVWULQJHDSHQDV
jTXHVWmRGHGLUHLWRPDVLQGLVVROXYHOPHQWH³pFRQVWLWXtGRSHODFDXVDGH
SHGLUSHODGHIHVDLQGLUHWD>GRUpX@HSHORSHGLGR>GRDXWRU@´eDVVLP
TXHVHGHYHWHUFRPRYLWRULRVDQRSURFHVVRFLYLOGHQRVVRWHPSRDWHVH
GHTXHDFRLVDMXOJDGDDEUDQJHQmRVyDUHVSRVWDFRQWLGDQRGLVSRVLWLYR
GD VHQWHQoD PDV VH HVWHQGH j UHODomR MXUtGLFD PDWHULDO EiVLFD DFHUWDGD
HP IXQomR GDV TXHVW}HV VROXFLRQDGDV SDUD FRPSRU D VLWXDomR MXUtGLFD
FRQWURYHUWLGD(VVHpRHQWHQGLPHQWRTXHVHLPS}HGLDQWHGDVLVWHPiWLFD
REVHUYDGDSHORQRYR&yGLJRGH3URFHVVR&LYLOEUDVLOHLURHPPDWpULDGH
FRLVDMXOJDGD
(PRXWURVWHUPRVRVLVWHPDPRGHUQRGHFRQFHLWXDomRGDFRLVDMXOJD
GDQmRVHDSHJDUHVWULWLYDPHQWHDRGLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDFRPRQRSDVVDGR
VHGHIHQGLDHPQRPHGRSULQFtSLRGLVSRVLWLYRRMXL]QDyWLFDGDYHOKDH
54 CABRAL, Antônio do Passo. 2SFLWp. 88. 2bserva o autor que, mesmo fora da Alemanha, “hoMe em dia se sustenta
aqui e ali, que o objeto do processo compreende uma relação simbiótica entre pedido e causa de pedir, e por isso, a indiscutibi-
lidade deve estender-se a certos pontos da causa petendi” (g.n.) (2SFLWORFFLW
55 LANE6, J~lio Cesar Goulart. )DWRHGLUHLWRQRSURFHVVRFLYLOFRRSHUDWLYR 6ão Paulo: RT, 2014, p. 211.
56 LANE6, J~lio Cesar Goulart. 2SFLWORFFLW

94 \R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \

XOWUDSDVVDGDGRXWULQDVRPHQWHQDUHVSRVWDDRSHGLGRUHVROYLDRPpULWRGD
GHPDQGDHSRULVVRHUDQHVVDUHVSRVWDTXHVHDVVHQWDYDDFRLVDMXOJDGD$
HYROXomRHUDFLRQDOL]DomRGRLQVWLWXWRQRHQWDQWRUHVXOWDUDPQDFRQYLFomR
GHTXH³UHVWULQJLUDFRLVDMXOJDGDHPYLUWXGHGRSULQFtSLRGLVSRVLWLYRRXGD
OLEHUGDGH GDV SDUWHV REYLDPHQWH QmR WHP VHQWLGR $ILQDO VmR DV SUySULDV
SDUWHVTXHFRQWURYHUWHPDTXHVWmRHPMXt]RWRUQDQGRDFDSD]GHVHUGHFLGL
GDFRPIRUoDGHFRLVDMXOJDGD´
2TXHSRUWDQWRIH]R&3&ăQDHVWHLUDGDPDLVDWXDOWHQGrQFLD
GRGLUHLWRFRPSDUDGRăIRLGHVORFDUROLPLWHREMHWLYRGDFRLVDMXOJDGDGR
GLVSRVLWLYRGDVHQWHQoDSDUDDVROXomRGDVTXHVW}HVMXUtGLFDVFRQWURYHUWLGDV
HQWUHDVSDUWHVHQDTXDOVHDSRLDDFRQFOXVmRGRGHFLVyULRGHPpULWRY

5 MAR,N2N,, Lui] Guilherme. Coisa Mulgada sobre questão, inclusive em benefício de terceiro. Revista Magister de Direito
&LYLOH3URFHVVXDO&LYLO v. 6, p. 0, Porto Alegre, Man-fev/201. 2bserva o autor que “não há motivo para Àngir não ver que
a possibilidade de voltar a discutir e decidir questão Má decidida representa a admissão de que o Mui] só exerce poder ² ou
realmente decide ² quando Mulga o pedido. ,sso obviamente não tem racionalidade” (2SFLWORFFLW
58 Lembra Marinoni que “a questão só Àcará revestida pela coisa Mulgada se dela depender o Mulgamento do mérito. Vale
di]er: a questão Àcará acobertada pela coisa Mulgada apenas se o Mulgamento do pedido exigir a sua resolução incidental”
(2SFLWp. 9). Por isso, o art. 503 o CPC/2015 exige que tenha havido contraditório sobre a questão preMudicial e exclui a
ocorrrncia de coisa Mulgada sobre dita questão quando o processo é Mulgado à revelia do demandado (MAR,N2N,. 2S
FLW p. 23). É de se ressalvar, contudo, que a revelia do demandado não exclui da res iudicata a causa de pedir que, no afora-
mento da demanda, tenha Àgurado como o fundamento do pedido dedu]ido em Muí]o (obMeto litigioso) e que tenha sido
resolvido como questão principal pela sentença de mérito.

\R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 20, n. 1, p. 70 - 95, Janeiro/Abril 2018 \ 95