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UNIDADE II
02
Simple Present (Presente simples)
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90
O
CA
EI
NC
CO
Simple Present (Presente simples) Ex.: A: Excuse me. How can I get to the library
A
from here?
LV
Usamos o Presente simples para descrevermos fa- (Com licença. Como eu posso chegar na bibliote-
SI
tos em geral, que são sempre verdadeiros e perma- ca daqui?)
DA
nentes no mundo. Falamos também sobre hábitos e B: You take the bus into the city and then you
rotinas. walk for 2 minutes until you see the train station.
AR
(Você pega o ônibus para a cidade e então você
IM
Ex.: The best voted president wins the election. caminha por 2 minutos até ver a estação de trem.)
TA
(O presidente mais votado ganha a eleição)
So you need to heat all the ingredients in a pan
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She always has lunch at noon. and wait for 10 minutes until...
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(Ela sempre almoça meio-dia.) (Então você precisa aquecer todos os ingredientes
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em uma panela e esperar por 10 minutos até…)
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• Fatos e verdade gerais. 90
usamos o presente simples para falarmos sobre fa- A estrutura deste tempo verbal é formada por:
tos que são sempre verdade ou permanente.
O
CA
Ex.: Ten times ten makes one hundred. (10 x 10 Afirmativo Negativo Interrogativo
EI
(Dez vezes dez resulta em Cem.) You work You don’t work Do you work ?
CO
• Eventos habituais
MA
quentemente), usually (geralmente), never (nunca). o presente simples é necessário adicionar - s ao final
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singular (He/she/it)
(Ele sempre assiste TV antes do café da manhã.)
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no parque próximo a minha casa.) He always visits his family at the end of the year.
NC
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IM
TA
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UNIDADE II | SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES)
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90
Ex.: The dog always tries to break the fence when nos exemplos abaixo:
O
it sees the postman.
CA
(O cachorro sempre tenta quebrar a cerca - Como verbo principal.
quando ele vê o carteiro.) She is a famous doctor.
EI
NC
(Ela é uma médica famosa)
The baby cries when he’s hungry.
CO
(O bebê chora quando está com fome.) - Como verbo auxiliar
A
They are planning to go to
LV
• Para verbos terminados com -o, -s, -ss, -x, New York on their next vacation.
SI
-z, - sh, -ch é necessário acrescentar - ES (Eles estão planejando ir a Nova York nas próxi-
DA
Ex.: He goes to work by subway. mas férias.)
(Ele vai para o trabalho de metrô.)
AR
Present Continuous tense /
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The time passes fast in summer. Present Progressive tense
TA
(O tempo passa rápido no verão.)
Present Continuous é o tempo verbal que possibi-
3
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* Verbo ‘To have”.. lita descrever ações que estão ocorrendo no momento
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da fala, ações temporárias, eventos temporários repe-
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No presente simples, na 3ª pessoa, o verbo “Have” tidos, mudanças e ações futuras planejadas.
não segue as regras de flexão acima. Ex.: She has an A estrutura deste tempo verbal é formada por:
appointment tomorrow at 3 p.m. 25
90
(Ela tem um compromisso amanhã às 3 da SUJEITO + VERBO TO BE (WAS/WERE) +
O
I am not / ‘m not
LV
O verbo “to be” é um verbo irregular, que expressa I am working working Am I working ?
SI
o significado de “ser” ou “estar”. You are You are not/ Are you
DA
Deste modo, podemos encontrar orações como “ I working aren’t working working ?
He is not /isn’t
R
noun Negativo
tivo tivo We are We are not/ aren’t
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Are we working?
I am am not / ‘m not am I ..? working working
0
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He is Is not /isn’t Is he...? They are They are not/ Are they
O
O verbo “to be” pode exercer a função de verbo Ex.: He is calling her mother, but she isn’t answe-
SI
20 INGLÊS
IM
TA
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SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES) | UNIDADE II
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90
(Ele está ligando para sua mãe, mas ela não está - Regras
O
atendendo).
CA
• Para verbos em geral, é necessário acrescentar
The dog is barking at that strange man. somente o - ING.
EI
NC
(O cachorro está latindo para aquele homem es-
tranho) Enjoy = enjoying
CO
Listen = listening
•
A
Eventos temporários:
LV
• Quando o verbo terminar em “ie” muda-se
SI
Usamos o Present Continuous para descrever “ie” por “y” e acrescenta-se - ING.
DA
eventos temporários. Lie = Lying
Die = dying
AR
Ex.: He is living with his mother during his va-
IM
cation time. • Quando o verbos de apenas uma sílaba é
TA
(Ele está morando com sua mãe durante suas fé- formado por consoante + vogal + consoante (exce-
rias) to verbos terminados em “x”, “y”, “w”.), ou palavras
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com mais de uma sílaba, com a última sílaba tônica,
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They are waiting for the bus while it doesn’t come. dobra-se a consoante final.
07
(Eles estão esperando pelo ônibus enquanto ele Get = getting
não vem.) Put = putting
25 Commit = committing
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• Mudanças graduais Prefer = preferring
O
CA
Usamos o Present Continuous para descrever mu- • Quando o verbo terminar em “e”, retira-se o
EI
Like = liking
CO
Ex.: Maria, 37, is getting better and doctors are Come = coming
optimistic she will make a full recovery.
A
•
R
vembro.)
90
O
ações repetidas:
LV
SI
Ex.: Harry and Sally are always arguing! (Harry e a) amazes - spend
DA
INGLÊS 21
IM
TA
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UNIDADE II | SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES)
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b) amazed - spend ca and about myself! When I finish the two months’
O
c) amazed - spends work, I want to travel in and around Namibia for
CA
d) amazes - spends three weeks. For example, I want to see the animals
e) amazed - spent in the Okavango Delta in Botswana.”
EI
NC
http://vyre-legacy-access.cambridge.org
2. (EEAR) - Read the text to answer question.
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a) is living / leaves
A
b) lives / is living
LV
c) is living / lives
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d) leaves / is living
DA
e) leaves / is leaving
AR
4. (ESPCEX) Which option completes the sen-
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tence “She __________ early” correctly?
TA
a) getting usually up
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b) usually gets up
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c) gets usually up
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d) gets up usually
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5. (ESPCEX) Choose the correct option to com-
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The sentence “Grounding means that they are not
plete the dialogue.
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a) Simple Past
A - Where`s Darwin? _________ it near Sydney?
b) Future Perfect
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d) Present Perfect
B - Yes, it ________. It`s beautiful.
LV
SI
Sam’s adventure
Omaha, Nebraska, in the United States. He wants
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to become a teacher but now he ______________ It’s a very hot Texas night; 35ºC! Sam can’t sleep.
0
in Namibia. He’s working in a hospital near Katima He’s hot and he’s hungry. He goes to the kitchen. He
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Mulilo. He says, “ I’m working with the doctors and cooks some fried bananas. But he forgets to turn off
90
nurses here to help sick peopie. I’m not a doctor but the gas. He leaves the kitchen and goes to the pool.
O
I can do a lot of things to help. For example, I help His parents are asleep; they don’t know about his ad-
CA
in the mobile hospital, too. There aren’t many doctors He’s in the water-alone!
NC
here so they need help from peopie like me. I don’t get Mmm, It’s cool! Suddenly he gets cramp in his
CO
any money, but that’s OK, l’m not here for the money.” legs and he can’t swim. He looks at the house and it’s
“I’m staying here for two months, and I’m living on fire. Sam’s parents are in there and he must help
A
in a small house with five other volunteers. The work them. He is desperate.
LV
is hard and the days are long, but I’m enjoying my life The underlined words in the text are
SI
22 INGLÊS
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TA
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SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES) | UNIDADE II
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a) adjectives. 10. (EEAR)
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b) countable nouns.
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c) verbs in the simple present tense.
d) verbs in the present continuous tense.
EI
NC
7. (EFOMM) - Mark the correct option to com-
CO
plete the sentence below.
A
LV
I’ve just finished reading a short story called
SI
“Dangerous”. It’s about a woman who ______ her The correct verbs to fill in the blanks are, respec-
DA
husband because she doesn’t want to lose him. tively
AR
a) was killing a) had / kept
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b) killed b) has / kept
TA
c) kill c) have / keeps
d) is killing
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d) will have / keep
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e) kills
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11. (EEAR)
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8. ____________ dinner at 7 o’clock?
a) Do he always has 25
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b) Does he always have
O
d) Is he always have
EI
NC
9. (EEAR)
CO
A
LV
a) recommend.
b) recommends.
R
MA
c) recommended.
d) would recommend.
AI
3T
12. (EEAR)
5
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070
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a) for emphasis.
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b) as a modal verb.
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c) to avoid repetition.
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d) as a question word.
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A
LV
SI
DA
AR
INGLÊS 23
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UNIDADE II | SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES)
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The underlined verbs, in the text, are in the a) has/operates/is/seems
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b) has/operate/are/seems
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a) simple past. c) have/operate/are/seem
b) past perfect. d) have/are operated/are/seem
EI
NC
c) simple present. e) have/are operating/is/seem
d) present perfect.
CO
16. (ESCOLA NAVAL) - Which of the alternati-
A
13. (EEAR) ves below completes the dialogue correctly?
LV
Paul: Do you have to take him home tonight?
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James: In fact, I (1)______. He is taking a taxi.
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a) have
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b) don’t
IM
c) do
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The correct verbs to fill in the blanks are, respec- d) must
e) mustn’t
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tively:
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a) buy/ make/ give/ clean 17. (ESCOLA NAVAL)
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b) buy/ clean/ make/ give How to Succeed in High School - Studying at
Home
c) give/ buy/ clean/ make 25
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d) make/ give/ buy/ clean
In order to be successful, set regular study and
O
14. (EEAR)
creates a positive pattern for success. Create a well-lit
EI
graph below ?
R
MA
a) Including/find.
b) Including/will find.
AI
text.
d) Include/will find.
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e) Include/would find.
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a) have
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b) am
18. Julie __________ every day.
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c) are
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d) is
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a) studies.
b) study.
O
which it and its vessels ____ , but, except for Aratu in 19. (UNESP) Assinale a alternativa correta: Why
CO
the 2nd Naval District, most ______ not large. Ara- __________ go home now?
tu__________ to be the MB’s number two dockyard
A
LV
24 INGLÊS
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TA
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SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES) | UNIDADE II
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d) don’t we 25. (EEAR) Choose the best alternative to answer
O
e) wouldn’t we the question below:
CA
What do you do?
EI
20. (UNESP) Assinale a alternativa correta: He
NC
doesn’t __________ anymore. a) We are pilots.
b) I’m fine, thanks.
CO
a) smoking c) I live in New York.
A
b) no smoking d) We are 20 years old.
LV
c) smokes
SI
d) smoked 26. (EEAR) An umbrella __________ a very or-
DA
e) smoke dinary object. It __________ people against the rain
and hot sun. You can fold most umbrellas, so it is easy
AR
21. (MACKENZIE) Indicate the alternative that ___________ them. –
IM
best completes the following sentence:
TA
She __________ his proposal, but she Choose the best alternative to complete the blanks
__________ a decision for a while. in the Paragraph:
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a) considers – doesn’t need to make a) is – puts – to hide
b) is considering – doesn’t want to make
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b) was – keeps – to help
c) has considered – had to take
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c) was – brings – to buy
d) has been considering – is taking d) is – protects – to carry
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e) considered – needs to take
O
22. (MACKENZIE) Indicate the alternative that their business and they __________ all the help they
EI
best completes the following sentence: can get. So they __________ several people.
NC
28. (EEAR)
MA
23. (MACKENZIE)
AI
B: __________
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a) is drinking
b) drank
A
LV
c) used to drink
In “... when it hosts the 2014 World Cup and
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d) drinks
e) would drink the 2016 Olympics.” , (lines 11 and 12), the simple
DA
AR
INGLÊS 25
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UNIDADE II | SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES)
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present was used to express that d) exploded/buy/is/have drunk
O
e) exploded/bought/is/drink
CA
a) Brazil hosts the World Cup and Olympics
EI
every other year. 31. (ESPCEX) - Complete the sentence with the
NC
b) Brazil will certainly host the next World Cup appropriate word.
and Olympics.
CO
c) Brazil will probably host the World Cup and “Even though it`s _______, I _______ go to the
beach”
A
Olympics in 2014 and 2016.
LV
d) it is expected that Brazil will host the World
a) snowing/have
SI
Cup and Olympics the following year.
b) windy/don`t
DA
29. (EEAR) c) raining/will
AR
d) sunny/did
IM
32. Choose the option that correctly completes
TA
the sentences below, respectively. Due to the influen-
3
ces of the wind and the sea the vessel can make diffe-
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rent rotating and linear motions: I - when the whole
02
ship moves bodily to starboard to port, the vessel is
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and then to port, the vessel is _________________.
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lI- when her bow is pushed to starboard and then to
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port, the vessel is __________________.
O
CA
The words “is making”, underlined in the text, c) I- rolling / II- surging
CO
a) simple past
LV
c) simple present
DA
d) present progressive
R
MA
A change of habits
5
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they want a vegan diet. Some just like the taste. Cow’s
EI
rages. But now Americans ______ less of it. The verb tense underlined in the text is
(Adapted from https ://www.nytimes.com)
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b) simple present.
LV
c) have exploded/buys/was/drink
d) present continuous.
DA
AR
26 INGLÊS
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SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES) | UNIDADE II
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34. (EEAR) 36. (ESCOLA NAVAL) - What is the correct way
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to complete the sentence below?
CA
According to this article, everybody in costal cities
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_____ (1)find a way to escape from the 2012 tsuna-
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mis.
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a) are trying to
A
b) is trying to
LV
c) trying to
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d) have tried to
DA
e) have been trying to
AR
IM
TA
GABARITO
3
05
Fill in the blanks with the correct verbs, respecti-
02
vely
07
1. RESPOSTA: B
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Resolução: A terminação -ed possui sentido passivo e refere-
a) making / making -se ao sentimento de alguém por alguma coisa ou pessoa. En-
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b) making / doing quanto o verbo “spend” se refere a “Some types”.
O
c) doing / making
CA
4. RESPOSTA: B
Resolução: Usually, no inglês, é um advérbio de frequência.
R
5. RESPOSTA: B
3T
5
6. RESPOSTA: C
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c) Singers with a perfect smile are making consu- Resolução: Em sentenças interrogativas, é necessário utilizar
NC
INGLÊS 27
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UNIDADE II | SIMPLE PRESENT (PRESENTE SIMPLES)
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10. RESPOSTA: C 30. RESPOSTA: B
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Resolução: Utiliza-se o simple present para sentenças que
CA
indicam fatos ou verdades em geral. 31. RESPOSTA: C
EI
11. RESPOSTA: B 32. RESPOSTA: D
NC
Resolução: Usa-se o tempo verbal simple present para prover co-
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mentários sobre algo, ou para em expressar fatos e verdades em geral. 33. RESPOSTA: D
A
12. RESPOSTA: C 34. RESPOSTA: B
LV
SI
13. RESPOSTA: B 35. RESPOSTA: C
DA
14. RESPOSTA: B 36. RESPOSTA: B
AR
Resolução: Pronomes indefinidos como everybody são con-
15. RESPOSTA: B siderados singulares, por não se tratar de uma pessoa em especí-
IM
fico. Portanto, a alternativa correta é a B.
TA
16. RESPOSTA: B
3
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17. RESPOSTA: C
02
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18. RESPOSTA: A
25
Resolução: Usa-se o simple present quando falamos sobre
rotinas ou hábitos.
90
Para He/She/It, em verbos terminados com consoante + y, é
O
19. RESPOSTA: D
EI
NC
20. RESPOSTA: E
CO
21. RESPOSTA: B
A
LV
22. RESPOSTA: A
SI
DA
23. RESPOSTA: B
Resolução: A alternativa B é a única que se aplica ao contex-
R
to da pergunta.
MA
AI
24. RESPOSTA: D
3T
25. RESPOSTA: A
5
20
26. RESPOSTA: D
90
do texto.
CA
27. RESPOSTA: A
EI
NC
28. RESPOSTA: B
CO
29. RESPOSTA: D
SI
DA
AR
28 INGLÊS
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