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ABSTRACT
The cardiovascular disease in diabetics has multiple mechanisms. The clinical manifes-
146 tations are diverse, with macro and microvascular disease, heart failure and chronic kidney
failure being particularly prevalent. The mechanisms appear gradually and are diverse in form,
depending on the degree of glycemic control and other associated risk factors. Autonomic
dysfunction, glucose and lipid metabolic abnormalities, renin angiotensin system activation,
endothelial dysfunction, energetic impairment, arterial hypertension, obesity and increased
inflammatory and prothrombotic activity have been described and appear to be related to
the clinical phenotype of the disease. When complications such as coronary heart disease,
heart failure or kidney failure are diagnosed, the prognosis of the disease becomes more
critical, in spite of notable therapeutic advances.
Hipertensão
arterial
Disfunção Disfunção
endotelial autonômica
Doença
Inflamação cardiovascular Dislipidemia
diabética
Distúrbios do Insuficiência
Metabolismo de glicose cardíaca
Insuficiência
renal
Figura 1. Principais manifestações clínicas da doença cardiovascular do paciente com diabetes e mecanismos relacionados.
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