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“We have an abiding interest in maintaining peace and stability across the Taiwan
Strait, which is critical to regional and global security and prosperity and a matter
of international concern and attention. We oppose any unilateral changes to the
status quo from either side, and do not support Taiwan independence. We remain
committed to our one China policy, which is guided by the Taiwan Relations Act,
the Three Joint Communiques, and the Six Assurances. And we will uphold our
commitments under the Taiwan Relations Act to support Taiwan’s self-defense and
to maintain our capacity to resist any resort to force or coercion against Taiwan”
(BLINKEN, 2022, p.24).
No viés dessa ideologia, por mais que o objetivo máximo das potências seja
alcançar a hegemonia ou o alto poder coercitivo no sistema internacional, essa
posição relativa nunca será permanente e sempre será cobiçada por outros
Estados, que farão o possível para alcançar tal posto, onde é possível fazer uma
analogia com as apreensões decorrentes de Taiwan entre a China e os EUA, que
pressionam esse ponto de tensão por se tratar de um fator que pode ser
determinante na luta de poder entre as duas potências. Ademais, o autor também
ressalta o dilema de segurança atrelado à força relativa variável:
“The United States must come to recognize that it faces a choice -- it can
stabilize the emerging world order by bringing in the new rising nations,
ceding some of its own power and perquisites, and accepting a world with a
diversity of voices and viewpoints. Or it can watch as the rise of the rest
produces greater nationalism, diffusion, and disintegration, which will slowly
tear apart the world order that the United States has built over the last 60
years.” (ZAKARIA, 2008, p.14)
“In the competition with the PRC, as in other arenas, it is clear that the next ten
years will be the decisive decade. We stand now at the inflection point, where the
choices we make and the priorities we pursue today will set us on a course that
determines our competitive position long into the future. Many of our allies and
partners, especially in the Indo-Pacific, stand on the frontlines of the PRC’s
coercion and are rightly determined to seek to ensure their own autonomy,
security, and prosperity. We will support their ability to make sovereign decisions in
line with their interests and values, free from external pressure, and work to
provide high-standard and scaled investment, development assistance, and
markets. (BLINKEN, 2022, p.24)
“Offensive realism [...] believes that the international system forces great
powers to maximize their relative power because that is the optimal way to
maximize their security. In other words, survival mandates aggressive behavior.
Great powers behave aggressively not because they want to or because they
possess some inner drive to dominate, but because they have to seek more power
if they want to maximize their odds of survival.”
REFERÊNCIAS
A Guerra Civil que deu origem às tensões entre China e Taiwan. Guia do
Estudante, 24 de ago. de 2022. Disponível em:
https://guiadoestudante.abril.com.br/atualidades/a-guerra-civil-que-deu-origem-as-te
nsoes-entre-china-e-taiwan/. Acesso em: 05 de nov. de 2022.
Taiwan e EUA assinam acordo de US$78 milhões para manter sistemas Patriot
da ilha. Sputnik News Brasil, 20 de out. de 2022. Disponível em:
https://sputniknewsbrasil.com.br/20221020/taiwan-e-eua-assinam-acordo-de-us-78-
milhoes-para-manter-sistemas-de-defesa-aerea-da-ilha-25484457.html. Acesso em:
05 de nov. de 2022.
ZAKARIA, Fareed. The future of american power: how America can survive the
rise of the rest. Foreign Affairs, mai/jun. de 2008. Disponível em:
http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20080501facomment87303/fareed-zak. Acesso em: 05
de nov. de 2022.