OS ENSNOS

Livro III

Montaigne

lltliç'lto rrrnÍirrnte (()nr () le\t() (l() cxctttpl:rr rI lJor<lt'ltttr

tot)t os ttt nisL'intos tltt LtliLtirt f \ jslln)t(t. (.\l)lia(r(à() (k)s l(nnt).\
tttt t t i t t ts. l n t l t ç' ti o t l t ts r' i l t t ot's. r thst t't t t r)<,.: i t t n t l t r n, r
t t t t t t / i

r tt ts t tt1 ttl t t k». t tr tltts

])( )R l)['Rnti VLLI]\

.*tlt tlittt'irtt ( ú,nt f)tefiici() tlt \ . 1.. .\ttrtlttk,r

'[i'rrrl t rt llr r

rt( )sliNrArty (r()s'r'r ruK AIrÍl.t( )

marLins
 Ínclice
'Iítrlo do igiutl l'ntntit: LIIS LSSAI.\ L.lVRIi lll.
ot
(\)l|rigltt <) I)trs\rt tlniv^itaik! l( litnt t 1921, lttro o 6ttb(l?ritnÍ,nk)
rlo ttrtt t o uptn'llto tritir rt.
C(I)\'tight () 200 I , Lirrat it Mttrrins l:l»ttt t I,litoto l,ttld..
S(it) Ptul(), l)dtu u prÍ,.\rnt( «lit it).
LIVRO TERCEIRO
ll edisão 200l
21 tiràgem lí109

thrdução 3
ROSLl4ARY (:()S7 HI.:K ABiLl()
II. l)o ztrrepen(lilrcnt() .. 26
Revisão da tradução
MLiRid Utllriu Mtflin?. tl( ANuiur
III. I)c trôs rclac'ion.unent()s. 1+/

Rcvisão grálicâ IV. D:t dir crs:tt ).................. 66

h,ldrin Luiad Fitlr?t
Lilim Jcnkino V. Sobre vers()s clc Virgíli<r 82
Produção gráfica
Otrultlo Altt.ç VL I )os (()( 1Ics........ t69
l'aghraçiio/I,btolitos
Stu(lio -l l)(s(nrolyiDk,ntt) Llitoridl VIi. Da incomodicluclc cla grancl ez:.l.............. t96
Y!!!. Da arte c1a conversxçri().................. 203
IX. I)a vaniclacle 237
I)ados Intcmcirmais dc Câtalogação nn ltblicâção (CIP)
(Cânrara lirasileira do l,ivro, SP, Ilrasil) X. De potrpar a v()ntÍrclc 326
Montaigne. Michcl dc. l-531-l-592.
Os cnsaios : li\ ro lll / Michcl cle Montaignc ; rm(lução dc Ro\c-
ilrrry C'osthekAhílio. SãoPaulo i Mríins F(»{es, 2001. íPridéiâ)

'I'ítulo ori.qinrl: l,es essais : livre Ill

Bihlirxr rrlia.
ISRN 85 l.16 1469 r

l. Ensrios Íirnccscs l. Útica -1. Ijilosolla lianccsa L'Iítu1o. IL

Sóric.

0l 3755 CDD 19,1

Indices para cat:ikrgo sistcmático:

I I-ikrsollr lirn.,)sr l().1

Ttilos os dircito.y tlesÍu ediç-[io pttru o língLlo lrortugu(.,\at ft,sertldo,\ ú

Livrariq Martins lbntes lidilora Ltda.
Rurt Constllttint RutttLlho. 330/-110 01325-000 Sin Pulo SP Brusil
Tel. ( 1 l) -1211.-1677 ti* ( I l) .t 105.ó8ó7
e nwil: inÍi,@)nüÍifisÍi)ilt('s.(om..br httlt://v|ww.nwrÍinsÍoiltas.«)m.lrr
202
llrLllltfel)l sr.lrclctz; c p()f(lue () rtln() clctcstaVe a csp()sa, l)lLl-
tlrrco vir-r os cortes:los reprrcliarcnr lts clelcs, a (lLtctlt lllIllt-
vlrrn. l,l o c1r,rc c'r-r-r:ris, a clcvassicllt<l cntr()u eltt v()ga, c t<tcllt
clissoltrç'lio; c-ottto tuntltétn lt clcslclrlclrtclc, lts lrlasÍêrttitrs, lt
crtrelclltclcr c«rn-t<> tanrbétu lt hercsilt; c()ln() tatultétrt a slt
perstic'iio, u irrcligiosiclltclc, a lrrrtrxicllror e pior, sc 1'roclc
hlrl'er 1>i«rr: clunckr cort isso run excntplo ltincllt tnrtis pcri-
g()s() (lue o clos acltrluclores (le Mitl'íclatcs, (llre, c()llr() sclt
scnltor atnbicionavu a liontt" cle b<>trr tnéclico, entfegll-
r,'rrrl-llre os tt'rctnlrr«rs pítra ('()rtltr e clttttcriz:tt; pois csscs
()utr()ri aclnritcrr cautelizar a ltlrna pat'tc ttrais tlerlicacla c
rurais nolrrc.
N{rts, pltra tcrnrinar por oncle c'otttcc'ci. estettckr o ittt-
1->cntclor Aclriano a clisr:r-rtir c()rtt () fil<isoÍo I'-ar.'orino soltre:
e interprctaç'ao cle tunlt lxtlltvra, I'ar'orino log<l clerirott-<r
levar vit<irilr. (lotno sctts ltrtiigt)s s(' (lr.r('ixrtsscttt cotn cle,
rcsponclerr: "llstais brincunclo; cltrerrícis qtrc clc nlto firsse
n'rais sírbio (lucr err, clc clr-rc conutncla trinta lcgit)csi"' Alr-
gust() escrcvcr.r vcrs()s c()ntrl Asínio l)<ili<l: "(]trtnt<t lt rnittt,
clissc Pr-r1io, calo-nrc; nlt<l é scnsltt() cscrcvcr ('()tttrll (ltlelti
p<:,clc prosct'ever." E clcs tinlrarn ntzllo. l)ois I)ionísi()r p()r
nrio 1-loclcr igualltr Iril<ixcr-r«r na pt.rcsilt e Platli«r Íla l)r()sí.t,
conclcnorr ult-r its 1>cclreillrs c nrtncl<>tt () ()utr() pllta se]r vctt
cliclo conro escrtv() na ill'ra clc Egina.
9. N;r cclitio cle 1595 lê sr': "tinlt:r pr1'l('Írs()('s ir ltonrt
o,t É,\\)'1l().ç
Capítulo WII
Irstc cr)slri() cn( erfll-s(' ( ()nl unt llttrtoso jLllu:tnrt'ltlo solttr' 'l licitit. c <1rrt:
i\l()ntitign( inttitlrrz (()1ll cslils 1r:rl:rvlrs: "Ac:rllr rlc. J)cfc()frcf tlt' trntr :tsscn
l:ttl:t :t lristriri:t rlt 'l':itilo.'()rr. ú r't'rlo tlrrc r'[t tslrrclrirr'lricilo t,nr I58(r c n<r
irrítio ilt' 1587. l)()is nt'sslt t'por':r cxtnti ilclt,ltulll(r()s()s clnl)la,stint()s. l)()r
ottlto l:trkr. ri lirlrrlgri:r const'llrr rkr <1Lr:rl tle cliz tcl litlo'lritito plllc(c scr'
l,otris tlc lioir. r'ontk tlt (itttson. orr trrn tlc sctrs tklis intltos: c os três Iitr:rtrr
nr()rt()s (rll jrrlhrr 11t l5fi7. (\xn() ln(Í()u n()ss() lilrisotir cnt :tt.t, l11'lrnt, t'i.lL:.
(,orlo elcs rrinillr csl:ro rivos no nl()l)lcllt() e1)t (lLtc Nl()nt;tign('cs(f(.v('. ()
tltpíltrkr f':ttrtctior u jLrlho clc l5ll7.
l\rr st'tt contt'ilo solrtr':t rtltrt'fslr('iro. \lorrltrigrrt tslti sin,lrrl;rrrrrtrrlr'
lttli:tttlt'tlcslrLr t(lltl)(),tltt;ttttloilsgu(lilstitislrtrlrrrr nr()rn(nliur(ilnl(ltl( ()
t'rl:t ritlrt t'ttt srx itrlrttlr'. lllt sc rrrosllr rrrrr lrrctrrrsor ilos
:tr:ntcrr tl:t ltoliclez
ntttntl:tnosrlLlsccttloXVIÍ:l':tscrtlintcllrnlilotlt oinirrnryrrrrrrtlrrrrlrrrtlrr
rrnt tlt'tor)r'rrser''. lilc j;i rlcÍint'nrrrilo lrtnt o pL:tzer 1:rrol>rio tlrr (()n\(.r'slt
(lo. tltslrrcr clrrrlurcnlc lrs clrtrt'trtístjcls rltl tonvcrslr tl<t hottttttt tlc hent t'
solrrt'trrclo:tssin:rl:r enl:tticlrncrrtc os rlcÍLilos rr cvillrr. I,lnr ltcnlttnrre orrllr
l)lrft('('nr 1r:ttlicttl:tr clt ltllrcott cottt tttltis vitrlr ri ltcdanlisnro. I'1. c()nl() sc
rlrriscssc iLrnt:lf:l() ltretcito o crt'rnplo. llrlvcz tll rtcnlttrrtt (,Lttl() (ns.li(, scLl
t'slilo lcnlt;t [1llrl() (()nr() n('sl(] () t()nr t'o:rrlrlllrr)ento rl:r t'onr,crslr:nrigtivcl.
Ilntf(1llt1(), :tpr'sltr rlc cotllttccnclc'trtr()s (lLre ()s lrorrrt'ns rntrnrl:tnos rlo si,t tr
Io scgLrinlt'lt'nlrrnr rrprt't'ilrtlo cspt'ci:rInrtntc cslr cnsrli() e clrrt' Llr Ilxht,tirtL
l. Í lottttôlc lton'tntc. \'cr n()lll '2. :+7. (N. rle 'l'. )
1t.
 20,:+ O.!'É,\(\21().S LIVI?O til 205

cetrlcl scrrr dúr,icle tcnh:r sc lcrnlrr':rckr clclc, tah,cz sc olrstn,c (luc NI()n(:lignc enr mil-n ol)têm mais honres errr acltsar-tte cl() quc cln l()u-
lrinrlu n:ro lrrl o lrcrÍrito clorttínio c1c si. lt prcoctrpeçrio trclusivrt clc rlcixru' var-mc. Eis por qlle nelas feczti() c lnc cletenho lrrlris antiú-
s:rtislL'ito () illtcrl()cut()r. (luc ()s t(\iri(r)s tlo sccrrlo XVII cokrtlrtlro crn pr-i-
cle. Mas, (llranclo ttrclo e reluteclo, lrlrnLlr se irlu cle si scrn
rnciro lrlano: ne irriletlrrl rytrc clt n:io c()ltsc.qrLc c()lttrr en1 cortrlranlti:r cle trr preillíz(). As conclenaÇa)es c()ntrít si ntesnt( ) sal( ) sulnple
los. c 1>cll rlrurl ali:is se recrinrinrr. scntc-sc rrnlr inclilicltrrlicl:rrlc:rintllr vigrr alrmcntaclas; os lolrv()res, clcsacreclitaclcts.
rosu clertteis r (luc uln:r krnga pr:itic:t cl:r virlrt t'nt socicrl:tclt' n:to bLtt ilott. Ilstli Pocle havcr algrrns c()tn mell ternpcrlunent() - cu*qlte
ntuito ytrcocttp:rclo «llt:t t'r:rtirlào. (()rn () p('nsruncnl() c (()nr a lrLrsce tllr me instrlt() l'nais p()r op()siçar() do c1r-re pekr cxcmploi, e
rt'rtl;rtle; r torr isso. ll() ntcslt() Ícnll)() (luc ul)t1l ":rrte clc tonversar'', olêtc Írais p()r evitar (l() (lllc por ac()ntpanhar. Ncssc Ínét()cl() cle
cc r-ros tanrbf'rn ullr:l lrrlc rlc conrltrzir () ll('ns1ur('nt(). (Solrlc N{ontrrignc hort- instruÇào pensava (latàcl o Velho cpando clisse que os s,l-
ttôlc hornntc. c()nll):lrilr conr o rns:rio lll ttt t crlrt suil il[)r(s(l-tt:t(:i().) bios têrn m:ris í.1 apl'encler c()rn ()s loLrcos do <1r-rc ()s l()uc()s
('()lr os s/rbios; e aquele antig() tocador cle lira, qLlc l)1lusâ-
Íri1ls c()nta qLle costlurrava ()brigar serrs alisc]ípulos a irern
l)a arte dct contrcrsaÇào ()uvif ulrl lneu nlúrsico qtre habitava eltl Íicntc, [)rlrr] (lltc
aprenclesseln a dcrtcstar slras clissi()nânci.rs c selrs c(»ltpas-
[I]l É trnur práticu cler nosse jr-rstiçu c()nclcnur algr.rns s()s cr[lcl()s. C) lxrrror à cruclclacle ínpele-ntc para a cle-
c()r11() llcivertência ll()s ()r-ltr()s. 1l)êncie [1ais (l() (llrc ncnhllt]'l mo(lelo clc clcntôncia c«tnse-
[C] (}rnclcná-los pr)r(lLre crrrlrllnr seriir tolic:c, c()rl() cliz .guiria atrair-me. I.ln'l lront escrrcleirr nito c()rrigc tninha p()s-
Plutuo. Pois o (lue estíI fêito nào p(xle ser clesfcito; lnes é tLlfrl titnt() c()m() () ftztm uln pr()crlracl()r oll LIm venczilrn()
pare (ltr(j c]lcs nal() crrcnr lnlrís clu r.nesrnu firma, ()Ll para (lltcr a caval()i e ur.n lr1()c1() crraclo clc fular retifica () ntcll ntclh()r
se evite a imitzrç-ao (le seu erro. (l() que o Í'àz o c()rrct(). l)iariamente () c()llp()ftantcltt() l()l()
[1]l Nuo c()l-rigirn()s cllrcnr enfi)rcí.rÍ-n()s; r'olriginr«rs os cle alglrém aclveltc-nrc c file previnc. () (1lc irrittr lr(irrgc r'
()Utros por lreio clele. IIU fitç-o O lresrn(). Meus erros erl (lespeftlt mclh()r cl() (lr.lc () (lut: llul'll(11r. lllitlr t'1-xrr'lr ti lrtrltlirr
llt't'vt'se lorn:tt:ir) n:tlur:lis t'int'trrrigívcis: r't'tlts o plovt'ito pafe s(i nos er-ltencllrnn()s (l(' (\)st1ls, 1'rol rlisr'otrlinr'ilr rrrlris
(lue os horncns cle bern trazelll ao púl)tic() lr() se f:rzeren-r clo cl-re p()r ac()r(l(), por clili'r'c'nç'lr nrltis rkr <1Lrt'l)()r.s('nt(',
ir.nitar, eu tlrlvcz () trega fuzcnck>r.nc scr evitacl(): lhanç-u. Scndo pouc'() cnsinxcl() pclos lrorrs cx('nll)l()s. sir'\,()-
ltte (l()s mítlrs, clria allla é l'rabitr-ral'. lCl tlsfirltei-nre l)()t't()t'-
Alhi ttt tltdlc t)itrtt .l-ilius, t.tl(lt.tc
itvonLta tid.es nal'-me tlio agt:tclltvel c1-ranto ()s vill ifritantes, tlio firrnc rlrran-
l3orrtts inops'/ nldgnttttt tkrttntetttum, nc 1)dtríartt rant to os via negligentes, ttio arlcno qulrnt() <ts vilr mclcs-. Mlrs
l'crtlcre qLt is uel iÍ.) estírvu ll'le pr()p()ncl() lnccliclas inatingíveis.
[l]] O nrais [)r()veitoso e netllrel crcrcício clc noss«r es-
Sc err clivrrlgrlr e acusar nrinhas imperfi:iç.ires. lrlguél'n píritr> é, cnr lninha c4riniào, ,l c()nversaÇ'ào. Acho sLle pl-lr-
eprencler,l a cvitít-ilts. As característiclls (lrrc nrlris cstinr()

J. Nllris pol ir c()lrtr:r os nroclelos clo rlLrr: por inril:i-l()s.

2. Nlio lôs (()lll()
() Íillro rlc Allro vivc rttrrl c «rrrro Ii:trlo t'stll n:r nris(- i. r\ trlitrro rlc l5liti:lcrrscentllvl x(lui: "x lis:io lralrilLr:rl clo rorrlxr. tl:r
lirl (imnrlcs crcruplos I)!lr:r (luellr l)elrs:rr cnr clillpirllrr seu l)lltrilnôni()." (l l() ptrÍírlilt (:gt<>tr ( c()l'ttc\,(' lnru c()lrlp()rtllnrenl().

lriiio,.l7il.. l. tr', 109.) 5. À erliq:io rlc 1595:rcresccntlr: 't:ro lronr (lu:r1'rÍ() ()s vilr rn;rrrs".
2t)6 (}l 1,,\5)1/O.t
tica mais cloce clo clr.rc (llrâl(luer ()Lltr.t a('rl() clc n()ssa vida;
é a razrro por qlre , sc írg()ra Íossc lirrç:aclo u escolher, crei()
(llre .rntes c()nc()rclírria cm perclcr a visà() clo <1ue e aLlcli-
(,a() ()u lr Íala. ()s ittenienses e tatllllótll ()s r()11Iit11()s lllltnti-
nhan nrrrito 1>rc.stigiacl<) esse exercíc:io ctn stuts acacletttilts.
Iin n«>ssu {'pocl, os italianos c()nsclvllrr ltlgtrns vcstígios,
para grar-rclc proveito selr, c()ln() sc vê pelrt c«rtnparacà<r
clc nossos cntenclimentos c()nr os clclers. O esttrcl<t clos li
vlos ó urn mor.'irnento lâr-rgtticlt> c fiuco tltte ni,) itque(e,
Ll() Pess() cluc at ('()nvcrsllç-l-l() crtsinlL c Uxercila clc ltt-u s<i
golpe. Se convcrso c()llr Llnlr alnn foltc c rrtn llttaclor rijo,
clc r.ne lssalt:r «rs Í1uncos, cspicltc'lt-ttte l) esclr-tcrcla c à cli-
rcitu, slurs icléias acirmm as rninhus. A rivaliclaclc, u unrbi-
ç:ào, a contencl.lt itnpltlsionltttl-nlc e ttre ltlç.'lttn rtcitrlt clc
rninr lncsnro. E u lrnrnitliclacle ó trma ('uttctcrísticu totlLl-
r)tcnl(' lt'tlioslt i,,, .',,,,t ('rs:l(:l( ).
Assirn c()Ílr() n()sso espírito se Íirrtalcc'c pcle couruni-
caÇ'io conr cs;ríritos r..igorosos e orclenaclos, nit<> ser pocle
clizcr <> (lLrlrllt() ele perclc c clcgclrcra pclo contíntto cotttét'-
cio c conr,ír,io tlue teilx)s c()Ílr ()s cspír'itos lreixos c enÍer-
n'ri(ros. Nar> hít contligi«r cluc sc cspulhc c()nt() csse. Sei pol
bastantc cxpcriêrrciu () qLrant() v'alc caclu pahno clelc. (]«rs-
t<l cle contestat' e cliscr)n'cr, nllrs isso r'orl1 p()uc()s h«rn'tct-ts
cr para mill). P()is scfr,'ir clc cspctítcul<t plrra ()s .qrltnclcs c
crilrir ir p(n'fiir n()sslr espirittursicluclc c nossa tltgat'elice uch<r
cyr-rc é lrm ofício rntrito inconvcnicrrtc p1tr1l u1n lrotnettr
li<xl'urlo.
A tolicc ó unra <lnuliclacle rnít; pori:nr ulio 1-roclcr stlp()r
tír-h, e irritar'-sc c r()cr sc p()r causa clelrt. c()nr() ll)c lrc()lr-
tecc, é ulll.r ()rrtra cspócic cle cloenc-lt (lLrc l)()uc() t'ica clc-
vcnrlo à tolice cnr irnp<>rtuniclacle: e é o t1r.re eg()ra ([Llcr()
clcnrrnciar cnr rrirr-r.
l)onlro-rlc a c()nvcrsur e lt clisctrtir conr granclc libcr
tl:rtlt.t. llrtilirltrtlt.. p()l(lu:tnlo:r opilti:r,) (,n(()ntrtt r'ttt tttirtt
terren() p()rr('() apropriaclo ()ncle penetrar e lan('at' raízcs
profirr-rclas. Nenhr-rlxt :rlegac'lto lrc cripanta, nenltlunu cot-r-
UVIIO I]I '207
vicçào tr e fere, por rlais ()l)osta rlue seja :'r rninha. Nl:ro hli
itltiilt llto lrírollt r tlto 1.111111:lH:lltlr..(lu(,r'tlt() nt(. 1):ll.(,(.:l
bcrn aclccSracla ir ntanifcstaç'ao clo espírito hutnano. Nris,
que privalx)s n()ss() julgan'rcnto clo clireito clc clur serntcÍt-
Ç-es, cncAtall()s c()11 ltranclr-rra as iclóias clifcrentes clas nos-
sasí'; c, cntb<>ra rrào lhes aplicltrentos o julgltruento, ftrcil-
lrcl'ltc lhcs aplicantos o orrviclo. QLurnclo trr.n prato cstír
t()teh.nentc vazi() nlt l>alanc-a, clciro o orrtro <>scillrr sctlt os
sonh<ls clc- trrla vclhu-. [i parcr:c-ure scr clesclrlplivcl sc prer-
Í'it'o o núrntcro Ítrptrr; a cluinta-lêir1l ent vez cla scxtil; .sc
prcfiro ser'o clócir.tro scgunclo otr o clócinx) (lulrfi() a scr ()
clóc'irtro tcrcciro l'r ntcsa; sc verjo clc rtrellror graclo uln c()c-
lho n.urrgcanckr cl«r qllc íltravc.ssarrclo rrrcrr clrntinh() (luan-
clo virrjr>, c sc clor-r o pé csqr-rerclo antes cl<t clircito lxrnr r.al-
ç-rrr. T()clas essas malu<lrrices, cl.rc estào crn v()glr e() n()ss()
reclor,-mercccnt pcl<t ntclt()s (lr.lc es cscrrtclu()s. er.rant<t lt
nrinr. elas sul)efall s()ntcÍltr lt inlrniilltclc". lnas ír su[)crlun.
'l':rnrlrém as icléilrs vrrlglrrcs c ÍirrtLri{lrs sllo. r.'rrr
1'rc's«r, ulu<r
nrais clo clrre nuclu na realiclaclc. ll <luerrr luio sc clcixlr lcvar-
pol clas até cssc p()nt() talvez caia Ít() r,ício clu oltstinuç-ll<i
pura evitur o cla snltcrstiçt)o.
Assim, as contracliÇ:ires clos iulgamentos nào rnc ofcn-
clcttt neilr nrc ltllcftrrn; apcnas trre clcspertlun c llte ercrci
tat-t.t. F'ttgitn«rs cltt c'orreç-'itcf'; clerrcríurlros ofcrcccr-n()s ct n()s
exp()nnos e cla, pr-ir-rcillrlntcntc clrrrncl<l vcnt cll firrrna cle
conversaçl)o e nito clc aulír"'. A cacla oposic-iro. nuo olha-
Itt()s se t'l:t ri jttsl:t tttlts sit't't, (()il1 ()u s(,nt r:lz:t(). (()ilt() n()s
livrlrlcnros clellr. Ent vez clc estenclcr-lhe ()s l)r2l(-()s. esten
clcnros-lhe as gírrres. Etr tolerariu .scr c()ntctst.lclo rr"rlerncn-
tc [)()r lnclls alnigos: "tis urr tolc>, estírs cleliranclo." Apr-e-
6. ( )tr ltrIr'r'z: cstrrnluts.
7. (lonro. por crrnrltlo, solr o ptso tllrs superslicr)cs srgujt.rtus.
ll. S:ro rneis pes:rrl:ts clo <1rrt'rr:tcl:r (irrr;rgcm cle lxrllnc:r).
(). N.to,ltt(.t(.Ir,,\ (lrt(. n('\ (1,tIiiitilt.
10. Il nào cln t()llt 1tr'<>fi,ssotrl.
 203i ()S iitu\.1/().t
ci() (luc, entrc h()lnens cle bri<1, n()s cxl)ressellr()s (()r'1li()slt-
nlentc, (llle ats pallvras r,'ut<l ltoncle vai o lrcnsament(). I)re-
ci.sullr()s firrtalcc:cr () ()uvicl() c cnclLrrccê-lr> r'onfrlr .tr,, lia-
gilicllrcle cl() t()nr cerilu()ni()so cllrs pulavnrs. Aprcci<.» rrmu
c«rnvir'ênc'ia c irntiliuricl:rcle firrtc c viril. Lune :ulrizlt(lc <1r-rc
sc c()nrl)fltztrr-rit ltrclczlL c vigor clc sctr cotlércio, L()nr() ()
.rln()r nas nrolclicllts c urrenhi)cs sungfent()s.
[(]l Ela nao c' strfir'ient('nruntc Vig(}rr,511 e gener()s.l se
nlir> fi>r'l->elirrrsrt, se firt-civiliz:rcllt c urtiflciltl, sr t'r itlrr o toll-
fionro c tirrer unl c()mp()rtíulrcÍrt() contr.ali'ito.
"Ncr1ttt, ertint tlislttrtttri sittt, t'cf »chensiott.1, f xttt'st ."1
.r IL]l (]r-rancl«l lr.rc contmclizcnr, clcsl-lcltunr nrinhlr .ltoÍl-
c-rio, niro nlinhít c'«ilcral v()u a() cnc()ntr() clc cltrcr-r-t lnc c()Ír-
trtcliz,, cle cltrctl nrc instnri. A cur-rsa cla vcrclltclc clcvcria scr
a clrusrl ('()lnlult rl urn c 1r() ()ulf(). Quc respitnclcrír c'lci A
peix.i() cllr ira jli lltc utingitr o jr-rlgun.rer-rto. A pcrturlraçlio
ap()cler()Ll-sc clcle antcs cla nrzllo. Scriu ritil qrrc c()l()(iisser-
r-n()s a prêrnio a clccisiro cle nossas clisctrssôcs'', <1.re horr-
vessc LrÍ-nrt llar('e nrlltef illI clc r-rosslts clcrrotas, pel'a quc
llrlurti\'é.sscln().s ul1-I inVentáriO rlellrs c nretr C|iltclt> r)rc l)u-
clcssc clizet': "No ltrro pltssltcl<1, cLrst()u-\'()s ccnt t'scrrrlos,
cnr vintc vczcs, tclcles siclo ignorar-rtc c tcil.roso."
. Ircstcjo e ac:trinho u velclaclc cm cyrrlrlcltrcr rriro r>nclc
iu cnc'<>ntrtr, c rcttrlt>-rnc ulcgr-crttentc lt clrr. e estenclo llrc
mirrllts lu'Ínas vcltcicllrs, pol rtlris lon.qe <1rrt'lr vcj:r ltprori
1r)ltr-sc. I(ll ll, contant() (luc niss() nlr() pr'occclanr c()r.n Ll1)t
ar clernlrsiaclurncnlc inrpcrioso c 1.lroÍcssorlrl. clotr lpoio uos
fcpar()s <ytrc lta;r-cnr ll rncr.ls r-'stlitos; c lrnriticlc <ls rttrrclci
trutis por nr()ti\'() cle <.:ivilicl:rclc clo c1ltc 1-lol tttotir'<l clc ntc-
llrorrt - g«rstancl«l cle , pclu firciliclaclc cur cccler, Íirvrlrcccr e
ll.'\r'rrrlrorlcJlrrr'rrliscrrssrrosclrtrrnlr:rtlitlro."((.ír'r'lo. l)c.liu.,l.\tr.)
12. (]Lrt'sc tizesrtur lrl;ostlts solrrt'tllr (clrrtnr pcrclcssc p.rrllrril rrnrr
plclrrl:r).
tl
I-
LIVIIO III 209
rrlinrentlrr :t lil,e'rlacle ctc rnc' lrcl'u'cltilenr
-. rllrsnr() c()nr l)rc-
jr-rí;zo rrcrr. No cntento ó cer1urncrrte clifícil írtrair purr iss()
«rs honrens clc lreu tcnlp(): clcs nl'ro tên-r ânimO parzr corri-
; Sir_1>or<1trc rmo tônt irr-tirno plrnl sulx)1-tar setcll c:orrigicl«rs.
c r-lll I)re,seltç-ll un.s clos oirtrrt.s fltlltrn scrnprc (\)ln clissintrr_
laç'i.. Sirrt, tli. g'rrnclc pl'xzcr .rll scr jtrlgacl. e c..rrec.icr<r
(luc nle ó c1t[rsc inclif'crcnte cnr cluul clas clr-[rs firrrnlrs <r
scja. Minhl irnagir-rac'li, contracliz c conclenlr rr si nrc-sr.r'rlr
tlrr> erniúclc (lrre plrrlr rttinr ó il llres,n.l coislt sc Lnlr ()utr() ()
fizer', plinciplrlnrcr-rLc [x)r(lLle] sri cl,tr a scLr rl lrLl[()r.i-
clacle <1trc eu <1uiser. Mas ntc inclisporrho,r 'rl)lrr() c«)ln cltrcrn tilr.
nlrit. irnpcri«ts., c.rt, c.nhec. lrlgLré.t clLrc clcpl<tr.e scrr
repalr() sc nllo c<tnÍllrnlr>s nclc c enctrre r.r>nro ofêltslt sc
ttluilrnn.s crn scgui-1.. () Í-lr«r clc s<icletcs lrr'<llhcr.senr-
prc rinclo us objeç-crcs clrre' fuzilrnr a sctr clisculso, poclerílr
nros clizcr que era c'lrtrsaclo l)()r stllr firrçu c (lllc, 1r Vit<iria
rlevcnclo ('crtarr)cnrc t'lrir' plrrr scu Ilrclo, clc lts lrc.cilltr..lr
cOrt'to t-rr:rtór'i:t pa|lr rtr>r lr .ql<iri:r. Nllrs lr<is, lro c.Onlr.lil.iO. vc
ln()s (lLlc nlto há nltclrr <1rrc t()r'lrc (al() nrr.'linclrrrslr rrOsslt
scr-rsibiliclucle írntc ela' <lrrlrnto u itléilr clc l.rlccrrrinc.nc'il,' t,
<i clcsclé,t ;rcl. uclvcrslrri.; c c1lrc, pcllr rt7it(), rruris clrlr.
lto fl-uco lrcritlrr cle l.loll .qr.lrckl lrs «rlrieç-ircs (luL.() c.orr.ij;urr
c rctiÍl(lLlcln. Il]J Nrr vcrcllrckt, l)11)(.r.lr() ntais o cor.rvívio cl<ts
(lllc r)rc n)lrltrxtxln clo <1rrc claclrrclcs (lLlc 1]rc tcrrrenr. Ii trnr
prxzcr ir"rsípiclo c prejLrclir.irtl tratal. c()nt pcss()lrs que lt()s
ltclrlir-am c lros ulrrclu rrlas. Ar-rtístcncs olclerrr>rr u .scLrs fi-
lhir.t ilirc nulrcir Íirsserl lr..,r Í.rr:lt(),s u h.,rcrrr
(lLrc ()s lOrrvlrssc. sinto-nrc 'etr>nhcciclr),s
rnr-rito rnlris orglrllioso cla vit<iria
iluc olrlenhr> solrrc nrirn cluunclo. no arckrr nrcsnl() clo c.orn-
blrtc. clcix«>-lne vclgar s«rb a fir.c'lr cl«r urgrrn'rr-nt() (rt: llcrr
rrclversírrio rlo cluc nlc silrt() gllrtiÍicaclo pcllr vit<iriu cJLre
olrtenho sol»e clc clcviclo u sr-n frlr<1rrcze.
I.J. Lilt'rrrlrrcnrt'. rlrrtlrro l)irllrlr": n()s renrpos IcLrtlrris r;rrr.lrrrrrr,s1 s11r
lrrtlilt crn sin;rl tk l'()l)tl)ill)(,t)l().
l
I t. .\Ítr( ir U,illr.trlr(.t, )
I I5. À trertr':t (lULt tcnt()s (,t11 n()ssil strlttrioritletlt,pcssolrl.
2l() (1,ç /^i\,t1()5
Enfim, accito e al)r()v() lockls <ls tillos clc atll(Jue clrtc)
sào fêitos u prtn-no"', por fi'acos cllrt sejanr; p<lt'c1ttt sou it-t-
tolelantc clerlais c()m ()s c1r-rc szt<.1 Ícitos scrn firrlna. Ir-n-
l)()rlit.nl(' Ir()u(() lr rtt:tltirilt. lls ()l)ini()L's ilt('s:t() igtItis t':t
vití>rilr r)() ASSunt() nrc é clrrasc ir'rrlilcrcnte. [)iscrrtirci urn
clilr in(r'irrr clrlnr:trttentc, sc a cr>nclrtç-:ro ck> clel):rtc li>r sc
grricllr conr orclcnt. Nlio é tltnt() 1l Íirrç-lt c a sLttiIezu clttc
pe('(). c()rrro a orclernr. A orclctn (lue vcnx)s cliarirunct-ttc
nas altcrcaç-<)cs clos l)írst()res c clos clti-rciros, nunca cntrcr
n<is. Sc cles se clc'scnclrninham, é ern inciviliclacle': iss<r
n<is tlurrbórn ftrzer.r-urs. N'las scu ttrtntrlto e itnpaciôncilr nlkr
os clesvia c[<; tcntlr: () a,s,sunl().s('guc seLr cut.s(). Sc fltlaur
lrr-rtes cllr horr, se intcrr'orn1>et]r () ()Lttr(), I)el() nrcn()s se cn-
tenclen-r. I)ura rnint, scrnpre rcsp<>trcle l>em clcuvtis (lLlellr
rcsponcle cotn proltricclaclc. IIll Mas, (lttítncl() lt cliscltssuo
ú confusa c clcsorclcr-r:-rcla, ubanclon() () ussunt() c lrtenll()-
nrc à firrnra conr irritlrr'l() c serr c'onrcclimcnto, e lltnço-nrc
rr urtt trroclo cle clelratcr tcirt-tt>.sr>, rnlrlici<lso t- ilttpelioso,
cl<l clr.rrl tenho clc cnvcrgonhar-rrrc rlepois.
[(il íi inrpossír'cl cliscr"rtir clc borr-fé c()ur Llnr to[o. Nas
rnaos cle urn ílÍrl() tu<> impetr.r<)s(), nà() apcnas nrctr jlrlga-
ÍllcÍrt() se c()rr()ll-lpe . 1r)as tarnbérn rrinha cOrrsciinr'ilr.
Nossus clisr.trssôes clevcriarn ser' proibiclus c prrniclas
c'()r))() ()uu().s crintes r,erl>lti.s. QLral t'íci<> r-uto clespcltlrnr c
rtc'trrnLrlarl, senll)rc rcgic[1ls e cr.rullrncllrcllts pellt r'«ilcru! I)lrs-
silln()s a inimizaclc - priLneirr) c()lrtrlr ()s llrgumeÍrt«rs, cler-
pois contra os hon-rc'r-rs. Sri aprcnclcnr<>s lr cliscrrtir parr c<in-
treclizer, c, cuclu (lu:ll c()ntraclizenclr> e scncl() colrtr'írclit(),
rrcivrlu'r (lLrc () fi'ut() rllr cliscuss:to é pôr u pcrclcr e ltnicluilar
rt verrclaclc. A.s.sirn l'[utuo, cl]l .sLr1l llaltriltlic:o. pr«ríbc csse
e-rercí<rio e()s espír'it()s incpt()s e rtxtl rlrscickrs.
[I]l l'or (llrc cn(etzlis () cluninho cle prrclrrar u vcrcla-
clc crn c()lrlpanhia clc <luerl nào tcrn nclr pass() nern p()r-
l(r. li(r'onhCt <, rrrDto r:ilitlos forJos rrs lolltt's rlttr' nlL sli() ltsscslll(l()s
(lir(tiun('nlc, t'rll contirtrtti<llr<lc tr»tt :ts lrorrs rcgres rl:t cliscrtssrir,.
L^ 1?( ) il] 2tl
tc (lLre rrullur.t? Nti. lt.cjtrclicatrx)s () ltssLrÍlt() cy.anckl «t <lci_
' x1lnl()s plrra cxltrtrinltr O r|rCio clc tfirtli lo; nrro nlc rcÍ'ir-<l a
irttt rrrc'io escol:lstico c lrrtificitl, refiro-rnc rr rrnr nreio r.r;rIu-
ral, clc lrr-n entcnclinlcllt() slclio. () (lue u(.()ntcr.cri no fi-
nal? tlnt rtLi [lira o,r'iel'rlc, () ()utr() l)ru.lt () ociclcntcl elc,s
Pcrtlcrrr o Plincip:rl c' o clisl>ersru)r lrlr inl'iniclrrcic clc inc'i-
clcrttcsr . A, clrlra cle rrrt'lr h.ra clc lrl.qltzlr'r'a nllt. slrlrcrrr <r
(lllc cstar() ltroctrllrnckrl Ul]t etira l)ltix«t, () ()Lltr() alt<t, rl Otr_
lt'o clc lttclo'". Ilstc sc 1lrrlntlc rl Lrnlr 1r,,1,,r'rli c lr Llllta c()ut-
pantç'rio; ucltrc'Ic n1-r() ( ()rltl)rccrrcle nlris () (lLtc lltLt ()l)jetllnt,
llt<> crnltcnhaclo cstít clll sr.r1l c<trricllrl c
l)cllslr en-t sc.qrrir. lr
si, nlro lt vris. ()uttr. lrclurnclo-sc Íl.rrc.<l clc lornlto, fir.qc clc
tucl., r'cjeitu tr-rcl., clcstlc . iníci. clrrlrlr*tllra c c..nfrrrrcre <r
llssr.rlrt(): [cl orr, no eugc clo conrbatc, ltrD«rtine-sc lltzernclo-
sc totlrlnrcntc rrrstcir() - l)()[ urna ign<>rância clcsl-rcitaclu,
aÍetlrnclr> r-rr-. orgulhr>s() lrc.()sprcz() ()rr trn'ru Íirsa t.la-
nrente ntoclestu cll lrrtrr. IIll (lont:rntr) (luc
!i!-c lrr;rri gol_
pcie, r'rr<l llte intlt«rrtlr () (luitnl() st' rk'sltrrlcgt, ( ) otrtrrl
('()nt1r lts pltlavras e
l)csír-lts ('()nl() ll.qulll(,nl()s. Â<1rrt,lt,Lrti_
lizlt upcnas e slrPc'i,rirlucle cle sull v()z c, clc s..s lrrrrrrr)t.s.
Ilis Lrr.n rlrrc c<nclrri c()ntra si t-r-rcsm<t. Il cstr :rt1ui, tlrrt. vos
t'nstrrtlt.t t. ('( )nl pr'(,-unlrul« rs t. tliHrt,sst,t.s inrit,.ir. lCi n,1,,,..-
lc orrtro llnulr-sct cle y.>rrrlrs injúrias c l)r()r..Llra Lrnttr l-,r.i.q,r
fúril, lrelu Iivntr-sc cllr corrrltlrnhilr e convcrseÇllo clc rrnr
cspírit. cluc pressionlr () f;clr. [l3J llrste tiltinro nucla vê nlr tr-
zao, nrlrs v()s nlantéur sitiaclo cl-)tre ()s nrrlr()s cli:rlóticos cler
slns fl'rrscs c entrc as fiirmr-rllrs clc sulr :rrtc.
()r:r, r1lrcnt niro
1-lrrsslr a clesconfiar rlus ciência.s e nuo
cltrv'icl:r rluc .scja possívcl rirrr clclrs algrrnr proveit. sriricio
l)rlrlr 1rs neccssicllrtles cllt vidlt, ao consicleLllr () Lrs() clLre c[e-
lrrs fezt,'rrr<is: lC,l "niltil scrrtarttihrrs liltt,t-ís",',? [1]J
etrcnt olt-
tL:\,c cllten(lintcrrto nu l<igicai Onclc cstlro suas ltcles
1tr.o_
r7 | )e ( Iu('st( )cs :tccssril i:ts (lu(' suLgcnl (r Iiglt'ssocs).
l8 Jrrltgcnt crllrírllr tlo lirrr rrr:l lrrt.tr
t9 "l )t'ssrrs l('t1:t5 (lu(. n:r<llr < trllrnt." (Sêrtct..r. /j1l.. I t\.)
 212 ( ),ç
rrcsses'/ [C]] "Nec dd tttclitts uitvndttüt rtt:c ctcl cttrrtnrctdirts
clisscrarulttt't2."'" Il]] Ar::tsrl \/elll()s rllltis algarltvia tlo l-leIlt-
vre'aclo clus regatciras clo cltte nas (lisptttes públiclrs clrls llo-
mens clcsslt prrtÍ-issrio!' Trtr prcfcririll qllc Íllclt fillio ltprrcn-
clesse a fltlet- nas tltverltrts e rtl«r t1lt.s cscolas cle e[oc1(iên-
cia. Escr«tlhci Ltnr tttestt'c ctt't ltrtest', c<lt-tvcrslti c()lll clc: l)()r
cluc nà«> r.ros tltz scntir csslt c-xcelênc:itt lrrtificilrl" c rlll<t rtL-
rcl>lrllt as nrrrlltcles c os igttrlrltttus, c( )tll( ) ll(;s sotllrls, llellt
arln iraç'uo à solitlez clc sctts rugltlltcnt()s, à llcleztr cle sttll
olclenaç'lit>i' I)ot'c1r-re ttllo t'tos cl<ltllinlt c 11()s ('()nvell('(l (()lll()
c1r-riscri' []tl h«rnrctrt tlitl sttltcrior elr lneta'l'ilt c erlll lllÚt()cl(),
p()r (lu<: rucsc'lu à sult esgrittta injúrias, flrltlr clc tn«rtlcrlt(:lt<r
e firr<iri Sc cle clcspit' scLt cttpclil cle cl<llttor, sllll t()ga Ll sclt
latirnl se nlto azttc'rinltr rt()ss()s tlt-tviclcls corll Aristrilclcs ntt
e cn-r. torlír-kr-eis pol tttrt cle tt<is, ttt t 1'litlr. l)ttt-ccc-llre, clcs-
se cncuvularttcltto c t'ntt'clltç'atllcnt() clc lirrgr.rlrgclll c()ll1
í([u('n()s ltressi<tnlrtr-t, (lLte 1t('()lltcce c()11]() c()lll ()s prestitli-
, gitltcl<lrcs, stra ílcriltilitllttlc atltctt c forç'tt ll()ss()s sclltitl()s,
n'urs nitc> abalrt ttossa c'«>t'lvicc'lrcl; fitt'lr clcsslt t't>ttlcclilt, clcs
,-r,r-.1,i f:rzc,r'r <1-re nàr> sr'jrt cr>trttttn c vr-rlgar. PttL setcll't tl'tltis
crtrclitos nao sito 1r)r'lt()s irlept()s.
Anro c honro o sltl.>cr tant() (ltlltllt() ()s (ltle o tôrll; c,
cln scll exercício lcgítirttrt, ó a trltis nollrc c 1l<>clcrosa ctln-
qr-ristu clos honrcns. Mlts uaclttclcs (c hír tttll nútllcr«r inflni-
to clcsse gêncro) tlttc uelc asscntal.tl stta crrnlpctêtlcirt e sett
valor frrnclllnrcntrtis, c;ttc t'rlttltrrur:ttl llcla trletrl<it'ilt sttlt
i irrtcligôncia, IC] "sriá alietttr trtnbrrt lcttcrtt<ts''". l[]l c rrlrcllr
porlcrn a niro sef p()r livr<1. cletr:st() (), sc or.tso tlizcr. LttI
1)()r.rco nrais clrrr'à t()lice. Ent tttctt país c ct.t.t tlritlha ú1>ot'lt,
rt-ciôncia melhorrt nrttit<> lts l.lttlsas, cscítssltlllelltct' lts ltl-
20. Non :t vivtr Ittcllttr':rcltt :t rltt iot ittrtr Itrelllot. ((iítt'rrr. 1)t'/irr.. l. rrr.)
2 I. l)roli'ssor clc httnlrritlltilcs e cle lilosofilt.
22. SLtpclioritlltclc clcvicllt at stt:t llrlc.
2.J. (Juc sr cstrntlrttt nrt sotttltLlt tlc orttrtrll. (Sôrlccr. ,Irp.. rrlttt.
2'Í. Nr rrlit'iro rlc 1 595. e rtt r t'z tk"'cs( llssllll)e ltt(" 1ô-sc tlt<1r".
/i\i!,4-lo.\' t.^'R() Iil 2t)
,lrlls. Sc as cncontr.tr cmltotlrclas, pcsa sobrc cllrs c as su-
fir.r, ,,',,,rrr, crlla c incligesta; .sc sLitis, fucilnrente us prrrifi-
c'u. clariÍlcu er aÍlna ater a cxin:rniç-ao. Él coi.su clc clLraliclaclc
ntlris otr lnen()s incliÍêrentc; ltc'cssr'rrio r-tr.rito útil pura trnrlt
ettttlt lrcnr*nasc:icla, pcrnici().\() [)lrrlt ul1]:r ()LltrA alnlt, er cla-
Ít()s()i ()tr antes, c()islr clt,rrs<t nrlrit«r preci()s(), quL- ltlio sr,
clcixlt 1-rossr-rir lr bltix<.r J)l'c(.(): cllt (crtll lIt:r(). a Lrnl (etr()l
('t)t urlllr ()utta, uII htrstllo rle l>olrr>". Mas prr rssi.qllDrr >s.
()rrc n.rair>r vitírria cslrcrlris clr> tprc cnsinlu' a vosso ir.ri
nrig<.» c1r-re ele niro 1lt>clc lulur r'or-rvosco'/ Quunckr glrnhrris lr
prcponclerâncie cle v()ssll pr()l)osi('lio, é a .u'clclacle (}lc ga-
nl.tlt; r1lranckr ganluris a 1>repcxtclcrâr'rcia clu orclcnr e clo nró-
toclo, sois v<is cluc .qanhuis. [C] SoLr clc o1>inil)o (lllc elrl
l)llrtuo c ern Xenofi>ntc Sricrutrs clcbate mlis cnr fln,or clos
clcllrtccloles clo <1r-rc cl«r clclxrtc, c l)1rra instrr-ril liuticlento e
l)«rtligorls c()nl () conhccirrrcrtt() (l1r tolice clelcs, lnltis (l()
<1itc cllt tolice clc sLur lrrtc. [t[e errrpturltlr tr ltlirneirrr lllltL.riir
('()t))() (luelll te lll Ulnrt Íin:rlitl:rrlC rrrrris Lilil tlo r1Ut. r,si'llr|r,-
r'ê-lrt, «rtt sc.ja, esclltt'c1 1,'r' { )S cs;rilitr r\ (lu( r'lt' sc t'nt';u'r'r,glt
rle nr:tncjltr e excrc'itar. llll A lilitlrçlio c lr clr(.rrrllr slro;-rro
pliltnrentc clc nosslt alç:acla: ltll() tclll()s clcscrrlllr l)()l'(()n
J
clrrzi-la rtral c tolun'rcnte; f:lll)ar nlr captrrre é orrtra r'<tistt. I)ois
n,lfcclll()s pltra brrsclrr a verclaclc; ;rctsstrí-la tlrlrc lr ,,,ti p,,- a,,l;
clc'r nurior. IlLr nao esta, c()rlt() clizia I)cnrricrito, csconcliclu
nos ftrnck>s clos abismos, nlrs sinr eler.,uclu a altrtnl infinitlr,
no c'onhecilncnt() clivino. l(ll () rrrrrnclo neo c nrlris <1r-rc
rrrtut csc'ola rle busca. [l]l Ganlrlr rtrr<l r1-rcn'r lr:rns1-xrssurr''
rt.t:rs sinr quenr flzcr lts r:ollirllts nlris lrr'lls. Tltnto ltorle
flrzcr prrpcl clc tokr clucnr cliz ('crt() c'()nr() c1r-tern rliz crrlr-
cl(); l)()is estlul()s ttrtanrlo fllr lrlrncirl; nuo cla ntatcililt rl<>
tlizt'r. Minlrlt lt'ntl['ttr'i:t ti ltlr'rtt:tt l:rnl{ ) pirrll lr Íi rlrrr:r r'ol)r r
25. llslr[r'ic tlt'tt'lro tcntlo rtlr l)()ltL;r unttl i:tltçlr grolcsc:t grr:rrnrtitllr
tlc gttizos. itrsígni:t clos lrolros rl:t corte.
) l(). Alingir o ;rlvo. lDt:rrtcrrr liirtllL rllr <orTicllr rnr (lrre \'( n( i.t (lUL.nt ,1,n
sc!rtisst itltltvLssltf ('()nl sulr lltnçlr trttt :trtcl.
 '2'1tt
para a sultstância, tent() para () lclvogado c()l]x) pllÍa lt calr-
sa, corno Alcibílcles preconizavlt cltle sc fizcssc.
[(]l E_rliarialncÍrtc (xLtl)o-ltlc lcttcltt cls ltttt()res
prc()cupar-lnc c()llt setts c<lnhctlinlcnt()s, lluscatrck> scLl 1ll()-
clo, nito scu assunto. Assirn tltrlllléur Lrusc<l rt cotllttlticrlç-lttr
corn alglrnr espírito flttnoso, ttl)«> para c1r-tc clc trlc ensine
rras para que eu o c<>nhcÇa".
Its] 't'ocl<l hotttetr pocle f'.rhr rrcrclacleiranlcnte ; Ilrxs fâ-
lar orclcnacl1ltllente, conr sageciclacle c c<lmpetêncix. lx)tl-
cos hotncns 1-l<lclem. Por isso lr tltlsiclaclc cllrc provetlr tla
ignorâr'rciu ttilo t'ne ch<>clt. ttras sim a inépcilt. Rot'tl1>i vltrilts
negociaçr)cs (lLlc me erztm pr()vcitt.»sas, cleviclcl à tolice cla
contcstaç:io clacltreles c()llt (lllelr estava ncgociancl«r. Nlicr
me al>alo ncln Llm2t vez poÍ rllt() c()lTI os err()s clltqtrcles
sobre clueur tcnh<> pocler; mes Ílti (lttcstà() cla tolic'e c tci-
mosia clc suus ulcgaç:eres, clesc:r.tlltlrs e clefêsas ltttrras c irrlt-
cionais, estltllt()s cliarian-rcntc e.qet't'euclrl-nos pcla glll.qlru-
ta. Eles r.uit> cntcrtclctlt uellt «r clttc clig<l nem l)(n'c1trê^ c rcs-
ponclerl l)es1)t() ltssim; é para clescsl>crar. Aperlas P()r Illllli
outra cabeÇa ó clttc sinto ntinhtr cltlleÇ-a ser fclttetnctltc abx-
lacla, c conc'ilio-ure nrais c<xn lt viciosidaclc clc r-nc-tr pes-
soal clo qlrc c()m sua leviancllrclc, importtrniclaclc c stla
tolice. Qrre frtc'am ntcn()s, cotttanf() cluc sejam capezes clc
fazer; viverl()s Í1.:l esperan(rx clc infllimar-lhes e vot'ttltcle,
, mus clc unr cepo nlio
há () (ltle vltlhlL a penlt csl)crilr tletll
lobter.
Mas, e se tomo as c()isas clifercntcnlcntc clo tltre siro-i
Pocle ser; c porisso recrimino n'rinha ir-npaciência, c afir-
mo primeinrlnente qtre ela ó tào vicioszl eln (lllcÍ-n tclll 1'1I-
zào corno eltt qtletn est/t crrltcltt; 1"rois ó sclnPrc trntl rispi-
clcz tirâr-rica tuio conscgt-tir sttp<lrtltr ltma t-naneit'lt cle st'r
cliÍêrente clu st-tlt; c aclet-uais, p()r(ltlc trr-to liíl, tra vet'clltclc,
2f . A rle 1595 lcrescent:L: "(', (r)nltecL'11(1() (), su
ll lUte
()5 É1/.i7105 ul.,ll() III 2r5
tolice maic>r'e nrais const.rnte ckr clue abalar-sc c lrlron.r-
ce'r-se cr()lll as t<llices cl<t ntrrncl<>, nentnuis ltetercir.litu. l)<lis
sc111 cla nos it'r'itlr p|inciltalntente ('(»ttrll r-rris nresntOsl c arlrrclc
Íil<-rsctfo'- rio ten'rpo antig() nultcu teria flrlta cle n'rotir«> parir
srras lírgrirras enqlulnto consiclenrsse a si mesrt(). t(,1 Mí-
s()n, Lrm cl()s sete sálti<ts, clc urn hLunor tirlonian<> e clcmo-
critzrno'",c1r-ranclo lhe pcrglrntatlltt por qrre ria .soziuho,
responcler-r: "Jilstxmentet p()rqrre cst<ttr rinckr sozinhr>."
III] QLrantas t<llices cligo c resp<lnclo toclos os clias, cnr
nrinha opinilio; e scln clúvicla <lrrtr«t rnlris ficcliicntes. n:L
opiniao clc outr«>s! l(l] Se uror-cl«r os lál-liosi, por t'tlusu clc,
.las, o clue nl)o clcvem luzer os r.rtrtros? Ern sunra, é 1-lrec'iso 1
"viver entre os viventes e cleixar r> rio correr sc>lt a pontc ,
seln nos prcocupafln()s c()ln iss<t, or-r pclo rncncts .seln n()s
ltllt't'lrnno:. l13l Sirrr, n'l:ls l)( )t (lu(, n;t( ) n(,s irri(Jlnos :lt r
clcpatrr com alglróm r1uc tenlta c) c()rpo t()rto c malfcit<1. e
nao poclcm()s sup()rter () cn(()lttr() c()l)l Llln espírito rrtltl
tlisciplinecl<) sell Ít()s cnr'olerizlrnl«rsi, Ilsrt. r'igor r ir.iusrr
tem ntais a \/e1'c()ln t_r jtriz clo (lr.r(,('()r.r) o tlclito.'l't,nlrlrnros
scÍnprc nos llil->ios cstas palavl'lrs clc' l)lutllo l()l: "() <;Lrt.
con.siclero rnalsir<>, nào serír por ell lneslllo scr tr:rlsllo/ llJI
Err pr<iprio nao estarei ern erro? Nào pocleríi rninhe rrclvcr--
tôncia voltur-se (()ntra ntint?" Sírltio e cxcelernte rcÍrir<>, cluc
fustiga o rnais Lrnil'ersal c c()lluÍl err«l ckrs hctrncns! [C]]
N-to lr;renes as (eÍlsurts clrre flizen-t<l.s ults lt()s ()utr()s Íu1ts
trrrnbérl ll()srills razires e n()ss(),s algUÜlcnt()s em nt:ttérilts
contr()versas poclcr"r'r gcralmcnte t'oltltr-sc c()ntra nris: c
nos Í-erirnos c()ll () Íêrro clc n()sses plriprias armlrs. [)iss<>
a Antigrriclaclc cleix<trr-nte exemplos llrstantc gra\rcs. lCl I.oi
engcnliosamentc l)em clito, ct muito e prop<isito, p()r quent
o invcnt«tu:
ZlJ. I Ict:it lito. \'tr /rri.çrzlo.s'1. t., P.
29 [)igno rk> nrisrtntrrpo 'I írron I )( lll(i( rit(). fi:t in( cssintl('-
o vltlcr, o 'rlrr tolice hrrrrrrure. \'cr l. p. :i5 l.
J0. l):rrlr r-r:io rir. (N. cle 'l'. )
 '216 05 1;rY.571O.!
Stercu.s cuiqu.e sLnttll ben.e obl.\l
lC] Nossos olhos t-x-to enxel.qllflt atrás. Cet'n vezes p()r
clilr zonrbanx)s cle rxiri r]a pess()a cle n<lsso vizinho c cle-
tcsitaln()s ent outr()s r>s cleÍêitos qlrc cxistiln cm nós nlais
c'llrr-lrr-nente, e aclrniranrc)-n()s d('les corn 1>rclcligiosa inrptt-
clência c inaclvcrtênciu. Ainclu ()r)teu) tive r>1>ortuniclaclc cle
ver LlÍn horttcr.n intel igente, pcsfi( )íl bern-rtascicllt, zotnl >an-
clo clc lnocl() tuo clivcrticl() cllrant() pertinentc clas traneiras
incl-rt'.rs cle urr ()utr(), (lue azllcrin.r a ctal)e!'a clc t<>clo mr-tn-
clo corn srrxs llenealogias e alilrlrç'xs, lllxis cla lnetaclc f:rlsxs
(crrbrenham-se clc rnelhor grx(l() nesses assllntos t<ikrs os
clue tên-r srurs qr.ralifica(-r)cs tnais cluvicl<)sils e mcn()s ccr-
tírs); c cle, sc re('Llassc sohrc si nrcsrn(), cliflc:ilttte'r-rtc se-
lrc'haria lrcn()s intcnrl)erante e tccli()so lto clivulgar c val()-
rizar us prcrrogativas cla linhagcnl cle sua rntrlher. Oh, im-
l)()rtrrna presrrnçiro c()ur n clrral lt mulhcr se vô arn.tltrla pc-
llrs rll-ros clo própricl rrariclo! Se elcs erltenclcssenr lutinr,
scria prcciso clizcr-lhes:
,1.qe! si Ltocc nort itrsortiÍ.sttlis sttd.\fx)/tl?. ínstiga."
Niro pretcnckr qlre rringLtórn 2lctrse se nio cstivcr ino-
('clrtc, pois ninglrért lrr'r-rsLriltl c ncllr sc(luef in<>cente clcs-
se mesm() tillo cle cLtlpa." N1lts pretctrclo qrrc nosso jr-tlgu-
llrcrlt(), r-tcLrsanclo Lull ()Lrtto ckr qrral se ttarta 1lo rt()Ílrcnt().
r-ru-ro nos p()upe cle runa jurisclic-ão intcrnur'. t11çr11ç9 clc
crrricllrcle (lue (luem nr)r> prrcler elirninar enr si r.rtesnr() Lnn
J1. "(leclrr Llulrl goslu rI; r'lrciro clr sctr cslrurne." (]lr;tsrtto, AtLi,q..lll. tx.
l. {)n(l('st' Iêr ".sazr.v L:trifrt <tvl)i!tts ltttt'o/t't'.) lC.;trl:r <;Lr:tl.gosl:t tlo clrt'irrr
rkr prolrt'io tlrrto.]
-i2. "Avxlllc! Sc r:lrr jit nio firr l)llstilnt(' louc:t ptll si rrttsrn:t, instige :t!'
('l't'r'ôncio, Aru|.. lY, u, 9.\
.3.1. Nào prttcnckr sc(luc, (luc scjrr ilrrx t'nlc clcssrr r'syrct ic tle crrlplr.
j i..lu[{rulrcr']t() clc si rtrcsrlo.
t
ut'|t() IIt 2tl
vício procurc, a dcspctito cli^ssct, elirniná-lo cln ()u(r.(,n1,
onclc lrocle tcr selncntc nlen()s maligna e rebclcle. Ncrrr
llre purccc reslx)sta aclerpracla puru qrrell lnc aclvcrte cle
tni.ha fulta clr clizer r1r-rc estx cxi.st<: tanrl>('m nelc. []m tr.-
, c'a cle c1uô? A aclrrertênciu ó sentprc justificacla e útil. Se
I tivé.ssem.s l,,«,, <>lfirto, r-r.ssa i,trr-rclície cler.cria fêcrcr pi,r.
1>anr nris p()r(lLle é n<lsslt. Il S(icnrtc.s é clc opir.riir() (luc
(llrclrl se achlrsse ctrlplLckr, jr-rntantente c()rrl sclr Ílllro c Lrm
cstranho, cle algunra violência er clanct, clt,veria c()lt)erÇ-Ar
pi>r si a .lprescltt.u-sc plnr lr conclenaç.ir«r cla jtrstiç.a e im
plorar, parlr l)Llrgar-sc, o aLrxíli<l cla rtrà<l clo carrast.o. crr.r
scgLrnckr ltrgar para serr fill-r. c cnr r-iltinr«r
l)ara o estrrnho.
Se cssc preccito lula trnt p()Llc() u[t<t clenlris, pelo tnen()s
clc cle'e ser o 1tr-in-rcir. lr uprcscntlu:sc l)ltl.ir u ptrnic.à. cle
strlt prtiPrilr tonst i[.nt.ilt.
[l]l Os.§enticlos sir<l nossos prriprios e ltrimciros juí-
zcri, cluc s<i 1>crcel>em trs c<_risas pelos ucirlclttes cxt(,rn()sl
t r-r:ro ú cle es1>atrtal'(lur, (,r)l torlos os rrír'r'is rkr st,r.r,içrr rk,
t.tossrr sociecl:rcle haja trrult lllo 1-)t'r'1'rrltrIr C trnivt'r-slrl rrrislrr-
ra clc cerimôr-rias e aparências supcrl'iciuis, ck'tlrl rrr,rlr» r1.c
a par-ccla rnelhi»- c meis ef-ctiva rllrs orclcr-rs socilris,, r.on-
sistc uisso. Estltrnos senlprc t1'.tt1urcl() c()111 () Ít<.»trcrn, t.u jlr
cor-rcliqlio é extremntncntc c()rp()r.el. Aquelcs,,, qtrc nos ril_
tirnos an.s clrriserurr constrtrir-rrr)s,n.ur pr'írtica religioslr
tà() ('()lttelnltllrtir,lr c irnatcrial nlio sc cspantcnt se lrouver
()s (lue pcr-tscrn clue elu tcria escupeclo c sc clissoh.,iclo en_
tre sells clcclos cltsit nào se mítntivessc entrc n<.rs cclnro
ll)arc'il, títlrlo e instrllÍnent() clc clivisào c cle particloJ', r.r,x.ris
rcl<> c;trc Jtr>r.si rncsrtrlt. l)a lne.snllt filrnllr nlr c()ltv.ers:rç.lt():
alniticle a grrr iclaclc, o tr:rje e a Íirrttrna cle clucn'r tallr clircr
créclito a paluvras r,às e incptas; nào é cle prcsLrmir qr-re
Lrtlr clrvalheir«r tuo scgr-riclo c tao tenriclo nlro tcnha clcntro
.J5 A p:rr'lc ntrris reel tlas rcgras sot.i:tis.
36 ()s líc['rcs tlrr llt,lirrrr;r
:17 No nrt'snro scntickr t1trr. rlir islr<r
 218 ( ).! 11\rtl{/()5
cle si algtrnr ()Lltr() \'al()l aleinr clo vulgar. c (lllc ultt lt«rtttettt
lt clLlcnr cllto tltutes lttiss(l('s ('(.lrgos, tit() clcsclt'nll<tstl c ttr-
r()geÍrtc nlto seje 1)tais caÍ)az clo <1ttc cssc ()utl'() (luc () sítú
, rla tiro clc longe e l cluellr ningr.tént rcc()rrcr. Nli«r rt1->cnas
i; as pallrvftts c()1tt() tltttrltÚtt't ()s trcjcit()s clessrts l'rr'ssr xls slrrr
cor-rsiclcraclos c lcvucl<)s cln c()lltrl, c cacla (lllul sc Lnll)c-
nhu cn'r cllLr-lhcs lLlgr-unu bcll e síllicla irrtcrprctacu(). Sc elcs
sc t'eltaixarcnt lt c'<r'tvct'sllç-lt.l L()rl)Lttll ( sc lllcs clctlttlt-ts-
tnrrclcs otrtra r'oisa clLtc r-tio :t1-lLor ltr'lio e t'cvcrôttc'irt, cltcttt
soll-e vris c()1rl ll lrtrtoricllLclc clc slut ex1:lcriôncirt: otttriLanr,
viru'rr, fizclrl'r; sois lrrlasacl() lx)r cxelnplos. Ilu.gostltt'ilt clc
cljzcr-lhcs (llle () fl-trto clu r.lxpcriôncia clc r.tt'r.t cirur-gilto t-tlicr
ó a historia clc si.rrs pt'liticas ncnr lcnrbntr-sc clc (luc cur()u
quutr() cmpestrtclos e tfês g()t()s()s, sc clcsse crcr:ício nà<r
s<ltrlrct'cxtrair ('()nr (lLrc filrnltt'setr jtrlgrtt-ttcrt[() e nli(),s()r.r
bcr fnzct'-nos scntir Llur.' sc [( ]nr( )Lr nrltis sá]tio c()llt () cxcr-
cício clc sua 1rrtc. [C] Arsinr tlurlrcrtt, rlLnt] c()ltccfto clc ins-
Í trllnlenl()s, nlro Or-rvinros trnr aluúclc, U1rlt espilletlt c a flltrr-
iirr: orrvinrr)s Lmrrl halrtrorrilt glolral, 1t unir() c o i'trto clc
Jt,rrl,, essc rrjuntrrnrcr.rto. llll Se as viagc'ns c os c'argos os1
l.nclh()raren), ('at)c à nurnifcsteç-à<l cle srra intcligônc'ia cvi-
clenciá-lo. Nuo basta ('()ntlrr as experiêncies: ó Í)rccis() s()
pcsír-lus e c(xrll)inli-llls; é pÍeciso tô las cligcriclo c clcstillt--
clo. purr cxtrair-lhe-s ilri rltz(-)cs c c'oncltts<)cs clt-tc clas cotrt-
[x)rtell-]. Nunca ltouvc [1r111()s historiuclorcs. Éi s.nr1-rt'c l',«rrn
c útil r>trvllo; pois rtt.rs fi-lr'r-tc.eru clo clcl'r<isito clc slut
nremírrirr rrtn granclc núnrcro clc cnsinlttncnt()s bclos r:
Iotn'ítveis: granclc partc, ccrtlulrcntc. ctn l>cncfír:i<t cla vicllt;
lrnrs lrgorlr nlho ustrulr()s lrr.tscanclo iss(); estlllt'los inclagan-
Irlo st' [lris nlu'rlrclt )l'cs c itrÍllrtzcnl(l()rcs sito clcs rt-]esl-lt()s
'l«rtrvir cis.
l)ctcsto (lll1ll(lllcr espécic clc tit-ania, tent() a clc prala-
vnrs c()m() lr cfctivlr. (lostr-rrno inteit'i('ar-nrc ('()lrtra css'.ts vrts
ci rc'rrnstâncies (lllc cn.qenllln l-]()ss() itr lganrcnto pclos sct'r-
ticlos; c csprcitanckr cssas grxn(lcrzlls cxtra()rclir-iírlias clcs-
colrri cltrc sli(), lra n'urioria, h<>rncns c()m() ()s ()Lltr()s,
l.ll.,1?() lll I l()
l?ct tt.ts cnítn.fernt.c .\cnst.ts crttmtt.tt ttis ítt illu
l-i )r[t t.nd.\t'
'l-alvcz <ts julgr,rcrnr)s e ()s LrltxcÍgucrlnos lncltctrcs clo
cyuc slio, visto r1r-rc cn'rltleenclent rna.is e se lt-l()stran rlais:
t-rito corrcsponclcrn a<i Íarclo cluc ussLtrniral)1. É prccis<>
cltre haju nrais vigctr-e p<>cler n() clrrcgaclor clo (ple na clrr-
ga. A<1uclc clrre nào pôs cln uÇ:llo tocla srur lirrc-a vos cleixu
ruclivinhur sc uinclu tcrr fitr('u uclicional c se iír firi tcstecl<>
atÚ seLr p(»lt() Lrxtrcnt(); a<ltrclc clrrc strcuntltc )r c:rrgu rcvc-
lu srra rnecliclu c a lia<1r-rczu clc sctrs ()ntl)r()s. lii por isso
(luc veln()s tunt()s inclivícllros inctJ-ltos entrc ()s sírl>ios, c
nrais clo (lllc ()Lrtr()s: clclcs tcr-sc-ianr fcito ltons aclntinis-
ttltcl«rrcs, l.lons ntcrclrclolcs, lx)ns ertcsil()s; scLt \ ig()l nlltu-
lul cstava tulheclo nLrssa pr()porç-ao. A c'iênciu ó coisu clc
glancle lreso: clcs .slrcrrnrbem solr clul para exl)()r c oLcle-
nur csse nolrre e pt>clcr<tslr lrl;rtérilr, lxrra rrtilizá,ltr c Lecor-
lcr rr cll, sclr engcnlto r-ur<t tcll ncllt vigor l)ast1rÍttc neln
strficier-rtc clcstrcza. Illu s<i ytocle trl<>jur,sc llr.tlDll natltrcza
l firt'tc; ()rr,cstas slho l>crrt raras. [Cl I] os frecos, cliz Sci-
crlrtcs, c()rr()lnpcnt lr clignicllclc cllr l'il«rsoÍia lo rnur-rcjá ll.
Iila palccc tanto inírtil (lulnt() r,it'iostr <ltrrnclo cstli ltrrlrr
Illl Ilis conro clcs rlcsglrstlrrrr t' ltr:rllr.lrtlrrrr lr
tnatr escrír-tio'''.
si ntcslt«ts,
I It t tt tttt t i qt t.ct I is si ntt.t \ct! t s i ttt. i t s tt ris,
r t t
Qtrcnt ltr.ter un'iduts ltt'tlioso std.mitrc scnlnt.
.
ltelattit. nrtdust.lrrc nules dc Ícrya rclü1rril,
I
Lt ul i hri t r ut ntans is. "'
j,S Nlr vt:rtllrtl(', () s(ns() trirtttrrl (: lxtstltntr 1'llf() ncssit ltltlt lirrtrrne.'
(.ftrvcn:rl. r'rrr. 7J.)
J9. NLrnt lt'cipicr.ttc inrrtk'r;rtrrlo (r'rtrrrr Irorlt'nt iolpl()).
'i0. "(.orno Unl n]ltcllc(). r[,1rli<:r rll tigtrr':r hrrrrrenrr. (lU( Unlit (rif,n(.r.
p:tlt rlivertir se, \'cstiu (()nr trlr rico tccitlo rlc sccle, nlrs ck:i,rlrntkr lhc ntrs o
trrscir() c 1ts (\)st:ts. p:rr':r u:.irrrlio rkrs rrlrvir,:rs. ((lleLrrlieno, ln ctttr()p..1. 303.)
 2.20
l)a tlestna fonla, ll()s (llle n()s g()vel'n2lrn e colfrln-
clarl, clue têr.n o rnr-rnckr r.xrs nriros, n:t«r ó o l)astelrtc p()s-
suíLelr trrna intcligência cr>n'rur.n, pr>clelcrll () (lLle 1>ocle-
nr()s; crstlll'rio lrcrn lolrgc alraixo ck' níls se na«r cstiveretlt
lrern longe acima. Corno pr()metenr nrais, tarlbónt clevern
nrais; c por isso o silêncio ó para elcs trr.na atitr.tclc nlj<r
rlpenas solenc c ponclerltcl.l nrAS at-niútclc tarnbérr vuntajo-
slr e prtrclcnte; 1-rois Meg:tbizr>. tenclo ick> r.'isitar A1->cles etn
selr cstúclio. fic<iu l()1rg() tclllp() scn't clizer palev|u e cle-
1-rois conrcÇ-ou a cliscon'er solrre setrs c1r-urclrc>s, pclo c1r-re
reccbcLr esta rtrclc repritlencla : "Ilnclu:rnto gtrarcl'rstc silên-
cio, purecias urra grancle c'oisa, por culrsa cle tcrts c<>lares
c cle tutt ll()nrÍ)ir; llllt,s, ltg()r'lr (iuc [c ()rrVint<>.s flrllrr, nào há,
nell meslll() cntre c>s criaclos clc nrctr estúclio, cluerl nir<r
te mcnosprezc." Arluelcs aclcreç:os magníficos, uclr.rele
granclc aperat() nuo lhe pcrrnitiarl scr ignotrntc c()Ílr Llllur
ign<>rânc'ia vtrlgur e fuler scr.u pertinênci:t cla pinttrra: cleve-
ril mantcL, rnuckr, acltrclu c()lnpctência extcríclr c lrresr-rnii-
.v:l'. A (luilntos irttlivitlttos Iolos. ('rtl n)L'u t('rlll)(). toi ritil,i
'trnrlt lisionon)i:r l'ri:t e l:tt'itttrn:t.:t lítttlo tlt'sltgltt'itllrtlt'c tleí
. caplrcicladc!
As tlignicllrrles, ()s cur q()s c()nccclcnl-se ncccss:trilttncn-
tc-nrais prlr firrtr-rna c[<l c1r-rc Ix)r l]rcrit(); c atliúrle cstanx)s
erraclos ern criticur os leis. Pelo c«rntn'trio, é esplurtosrr
clue scillln tr'ro bcrn strcecliclos, tenclo tao p()uc()s treios cle
oricntar-se:
l(:.1 I'rinL:ipis esl t)irtt.t.s nt.dxitrttt ,?(r.\§c.§lro.t; l
[I]l pois a natrlrez.r nào lhcs clctr visito qLler lx)sse estencler-
se a tantas popul:rc'eres, I)ara clisccrnif a sllperi«>riclaclc c
l)enctrar cln ll()ss()s peitos, onclc se loclrliza o
:i l. A c:tp:rcirlarlc rluc nclt' prcsrilrri:rrn r p:rrtir cle seu esl)c(l() c\frrn().
.í2. "() printip:tl nrúrito clc rrrl príncipr'é conlrt'ccr seus súclitr>s." (Nl:rr-
ti:rl. VIII, rr.)
().\'É;\l\7/OS LI\'R() Itl )2t
mento cle nosslr vontaclc c (le n()sso nrelhor vakrr. 'I'ênt clc
selecionar-n()s p()r conjectrrra e às upalpaclclas, 1>elu linllr-
uem, pclas lirltrczas, pel«> slrher, pcla r,t>z clo povo - llr.qLl-
ltrcntos r-t-trrit<l filrr:os. QLtctn enc()nffasse rnctio c<tnr o clrral
sc prrclessc jtrlgar corr lLrstica c cscctlhcr os h<>nrcns por
meio cla razllo cstltbeleccria c()llt csser único lancc rrrna
prfcita font.ur clc g()vcnt().
clc cr>nclrrzirr :r [>ont tcrll() cssc ltsstrr-rtt> irn-
"Sin"r, r-nus
[]()rtirntc." Significa ulgLrur:r coisu, mlrs nlio signifit'u o sufl,
<:iente; pois i.acertaclunrentc uccitu atlr.rc[a rnírxinlr cle cluc
ntio cleventos julgar as intenç-eics 1teir.,s rcsultaclos. [C] Os
cartaginescs puni:tr-r-t as clecisr)cs crrlrclrrs cle seus ('()lttan-
clalttes, uincla ntesm() (lue clus fitssent t'orrigicltrs p()l- ulr
clesfecl'ro ÍLliz. E () p()\/() r()lnun() 1llniú(le neg()Lr <l trofótr
parzi vit<irias grancles c rnrrito provcit<lslrs lx)rquc ()
l)r()ce-
climento clo chefê niro crtrrcsponclia a sicLt sucess(). [I]] lrcr-
cel>ernr>s ltrrl->itr-ralmcnte n:rs ativiclaclcs clo n.trnclr> clllc a
firrtuna, parlt ensirurr-n()s () (Jr.nnl() ltoclc ent toclas lrs coi-
slrs c' (lllc sc ltpfalz crtt ltlxrtcr n()sslr l)rc.sun!-íi(), rrlio po-
clenckr fuzer stlltkrs os inlrlttos, ÍÍ-los Ircrr-sLrcecliclos, conr
petincl() coflr a vit'ttrcle'r. E cle lton-r grír(l() intisc:rri-sc ent
f:tvorecer as lrc-eics ctrja trrullr litl rnlris l)ulllntcÍtt(. sr.rr. I)ol.
i.s.srt vett-t(>.s cliltriltn'tcl'ttr,(Ju('().s llr:ris sirrrlrlcs tlr'nlrt,rrrjs
Ievam a cltlx) ttrrcÍtrs nrrrit() grlr|rclc.s. ttrrrlo lttilrlit.lrs r.()ntO
privaclas. E lLssirn c()ln() () 1-rctslr Sillrnc'z r-csllorrtlr,u lr()s
(lue se espentuvatr] clc c1r.rc setrs nctg<ic'ios rcsultlrssrrn tlro
nral visto qlle sLl.ts intcn('ôes eram tlio sensutas - cltrc cle
ctlr o único scnhor rle .surrs inten(-ilc.s, nla.s () cl<l rc.srrltlrckt
clc seus r-rcgír<'ios etr u lirrtirnil -, cstcs aclui porlent rcs-
p«rnclcr cla rttcsrtt:t firlnur, ltllls n(.) senticl<t c()ntrliri(). A
llzri()r partc tlas coisas cl«t r.rtr-rnckt Íazelt-sc por si l-rcstrrrs,
c<>nhec:i-
l:tt lt t t'ittttt it t t)el Iitt )t Í.',
'1J. llivrliz;uttlo crrrrr. igrnrl:utrlo sc c()nr ()s (luc s1l() \'iflLl()s()s (orr sliltios).
.,i.i. '()s clcstirtos ('ll(\)ltttllr)r s(.u ( lnrinho. (\'irgílo, 1il1.. IIl. J()5.)
222 o't Ê
Anriúclc o hctr-n clestccho valicllr um prclccditncnto tlll-li-
to incltto. Nosslt interlcr-ência e l)reticltlllente ulllll sinlpies
r.tinai., e mais Íi-cclirentcntcnte .rnl crnsidcraÇ-ào cle prá-
tica e cle imitaçlic-r clo c1r,rc clc razli<>. Allisnraclo cotlt a im-
portilrci:t clo ct tlprecnclitllcuto' ()tltr()r"t fitI rt:i sellcrlck I clc
ser-rs urotivos c sLlll tátice, pelos tlttc o lcvltram a cltlro; síl
lhes cncor-rtrei icléias lran..ris; e as mais llanais c ttsttais tzll-
l'ez sciattt tatnllctn lts trt:tis segllrlls c m:tis ventrtit)srts p:lru
a cxec'ttção, se nào parll e exilriçlro'
Quc clizer, se as razt)es rnais chãs sàrl as nlais
sóliclas,
sc as ntais ltaixus e Íiotrxas, e :rs rnais baticlas, aplicem-se
mclhor aos ncgílcios?'l)ltra prcsel'var a ar'ttrlriclaclc clo Corr-
selho clos llcis não ó prcciso (llle as pess()'ls prof'lrras par-
ticipc:rn clcle e cÍrxerÍ{Lleln acliante c'la prinlcira barreira. E1e
cleve ser revcrcnciaci() (tnl cotlfiltllc,a e ct'tl llloco. sc cliti-
sernt()s alimentar sua replltaÇiro. Minha rcflexiro"' s5[)eç:lt
Llm p()UCO a nllLtérilt c examin2r-1l levcmente elll seLls .ts-
1>cctirs i.iciuis: o ftrrte e princiltel clo treltelhc) c()sttln-l()
c()nÍler ao célt:
Perntittt' dit'tis cttt'tcra '
A c a mh s()fic sã(), em nrinha opinião, clois po-
b<>a
clercs'sctheranos. íl loucr,r[r consiclet'ar qr-rc a sallcclclria hr.r-
lrantl p()ssa clesernper-rhar «r plrl->cl cla ft>fltrna. Il Ú và a iui-
ciativa cle clr.tcnr tcm a prcsLlnçào clc abarcar causas c coll-
sc11iiências c c<lncluzir pela rnir<t cl clesenr<llar cle setr fêito;
vüol-rretr-rcl, .es clelibc'uç-ires l-,elicas. Nttttt'a h.trvc tnais
circr-rnspecç:l-ro e saltcckrria 1lilittrr ckl cltrc se vê por vczes
entrc trós; serít cltre tclnenx)s nos percler no catninlrtl, re-
serv'.rnclct-n<)s pltrtt a <lttlistrofê'" clcsse jog«r'?
''i5. I)roccclittrcrlto ult'<âtrieo.
(N. tlll .)
'1
l(r. (Jlr.lll(l( ) |tt'tt tltl' r .tgLt
lr. ']lntrcgrl rlr,s ticrtscs ( ) rcst:llllc" l lloritcio, ( )/Í5' 1, 1x' !) )
,iU. (irnsiderenclo conto intP()Itlltltc.lptlliIS () clr:sfcclx;, solrrer
prlrétl nrtrl tclr()s c(,nlr()lc
r'171o'\ LTVRo IlI 223
l)ig«l rlais, cllre me:;n'ro nossu sagacriclucle e rcflcxàir
.segllcrrr quesc scn)pl'e <> c<>rttlrnckr clo aclts<>. Minhu v()nte-
cle e mer-r raciocíni() Írl()\'em-se ()ra clc Lrrlr 1rl()clo ora cic
()utro, c hír nrlritos desses rnovirlentos qLle sc g()vcrnarl
sem urint. NIinhu l'azà() tcÍr] imptrlsos e agituc'<)es cliliries [(]l
c aciclenteis:
llJl l'ertu t' sf)ecic.§ t. el r m,( ) t t.t s
u ttt rttIí nt o rt t. tt f )cc t () t I
Nurtc trlios, alfuts tlunt, ruiltiltt t)enl.us rt,qebut,
L'ortcipírrnÍ. "
^i Observeln()s nrrs ciclacles (plell) s2l() os rtais 1>odero
sos c qlle cLlmprcm meil-ror suas tarcÍlrs: [acralmentc clc]s-
cobriremos cllrc slio os mcn()s apt()s. Jír aconteceu clc tlu-
lhcres, cfiu rrças e irlsen.sa t()s cclrtLr nclarem Ílrxrlcles nit('<-res.
da rnesnrur fbrma r}rc cls príncipcs nl:ri.s caprrzes. [C] ll slrenr-
se bcm niss() mltis fiecliicntcrnente os grossciros ([Llc ()s
sr-rtis, cliz Tucíclicles. []ll Atlilrtrín()s os efcitcls cle sr-rr iroa
f'orttrna à sensatez.
lC) ( lt t1ttísqu.e.Íi)rttotct t.ttil t tr
Itd pruaccllct. otquc a.x'itttle.\(4)(t'( illrrnt. ortrttL'.s dic:ittttt.ç."'
l'or isso afirtn<i, ck'totlos os trtorlos, (lr.rc'()s 1t('()rt-
[B]
tecirncntos sio testctnrrnltos frigc'is clc Ir«rss«r t,ltlor. c' c'u
pacidacle.
Mas cu cstave na (llrestào clc quc basta l,cr uflr holnem
clue se tcnl-ra elcvackr cnr cligniclaclc: lnesrn() clue três clias
lrntes () tcnharlo.s c()nhecid() conro ltor.neni insigniíicantc,
clc infiltra inscnsivelmentc cln n()ssas ()piniÔcs rrmrr inra-
gem clc granclcza, clc conrpletênciu, e persuaclim()-rr<ls cle:
ui9. 'As clisposicirt's cllr lrlrrr:r nrLrrllun inccssr[rlcnlc]nrcl ilTir Unl.l Ir.ri\ir,
'
:r rtuile, or:r ()utr:t, c()nt r nrolrilirlltrle il:rs nLrvcrts (luc () \'(rlr() irttpr'lc.'(Vir-
gílio. (/t,rirg., I, l+20.)
50. "l lrrr ltortrcm sri sr>lrress:ri pclo f:rr'ot tle fotltnr:t, e cnt:r() t(xl()s pr()
o rlrtaJ
cl:rtr:rrnsurL tnp:rcirl:rrlc.' (l)l:rrrlo, I'v'rrrl.. II. rtt, 15.)
 22,t
(llle, crescendo cm ln(xl() cle vicllt e em Prcstígi(), crescetl
icm rntlrito..lulHltruo-l«r nlto cle ac<trclo c()ltl seLt vel()r lllals.
ilL nrt,,.llr rl:rr fir'hes '. clc ltcorclt) (\)l1l e Prerr()gíttit'lt clc .sttll
lposic-lto.
Qtrc lr l>oa s«lltc lllltcle tallll)ónl, c1r-rc elc r'oltc a
c2rir c a ntistrtrar-se it mLtlticlàtl, e toclos sc pergllntalr c()ln
espant() solrrc a cattse qllc o alç.'ltra tlto lrlto. "Él rnesrno elci'.
clizerr.r. N:io saltia ()Lltrl ('()istl clttanclo estavlt líril ()s 1lrínci-
l)es c()ntcntltltt-,5c cOtn ttl«l llotlct>i' llstlivamcls reltltlretltc
crn lx)as tlrai()s!" É cctisrt clLtc vi allliLtclc etlt tttitlllrt é1loca.
Até nrcsnro a mllscera clas grar-rclczxs (ltle é aprcsentacla
n-us cornéclias t()ca-n()s tllr p()Llc() e n()s engalllt. () clltcl cl-t
pcs.soalmentc acktrc> ncls reis é a trttrlticlit<l clc acl<>rlttlclrcs.
A*c1qf ó cler"iclu t<>cllt t'et'crêttcritt e sltlrurissirl, cxcct() ll cla
ipteligênt'ilt. Minha razlio não firi ertsinltcllt 2l ('1111,/ltr-scl e
ckrbrrt'-sc: melts joelhos ó cy.re <> filram.
Mclântio. intcrroglrclo soltre o (ltlc pclnsllva clll tragé-
cliu clc l)i«rnísio, rcslrortclelL: "Nito lt vi. tlitl ofitst'ltcllt csta-
,ua pela lingr.urgertt." T:trrtl>éttt tt t.t-tlti«rt-ia clos c1t,tc jtrlgltnl os
clisctrrsos clos grancles clcveriarll clizt't': "Nào cutcttcli sttas
palavras, tlio ofirscaclas cstev'.tlll clc gt'aviclttclc, granclcze c
jcstaclc."
rna
Antístettcs tcrnt.lvlt trttt clilt persttrtclir os rttcnietlses
orclen:tre't)'t (lue sctls ltttt't'os trtr-ttlti'rtl Íi>ssorl tltiliz:tcl<>s 1>ltrlt
lavrar <ls crrrnp()s, c()tll() () clrillll ()s clLvaltls; a() (ltlc lhe rcs-
porrclcratttcp,re acluele ltnintal nito nltsccrlt parlr tal sen'ico.
"l)ouco irnporta, t'esponclclt elc, hastlr clttc assitlt <lrclcneis;
( ittt'ltl-lltzes (ltle cllprel-
1-rois os hotttcns mais igttorlntcs
glis no cotnrrnclo clc vtlsslts gLlel'llls nlto clcixltrll cle tt>t'nar-
se incontinenti lrluit() tttercceclores, [)()r(lLlc os et'ttpt'egrtis
nisso."
Clorn isso se relaciontt a príttica (lc tent()s pov()s cltlc
canonizatl o t'ci cllte cst'olhcrtttl't clentrc el('i, c llitr, sc t',rtl-
tenteln cnr honrá-l<) sc tltltll)élll nl)o o ttclorltrcttt. ()s cl<r
5-t. l)rtrr llrztt tontlts tttilizlletrt st l'iclllls (ltlt cttllll colot;ttllts stlllre
Lrnr :ibltco t cttjo lelor trtri:tr'lt tlr' :tcortlo cotll tl 1l<lsiç':to.
().\ Êi\l\71O5
LII'RO ITI J);
Àllóxico, clcp.is (llle se enccrr.lln as cerin'rônias cr:r s:rrlr-lr
ç-io. nttct ()usanl tnais «tlhri-k) lt() r()st(); lnas, cont() sc ()
h.u'cssen.r cleiÍlcacl. ('()nr s.lr reaiezlr. cntrc ()s iutrnren-
t()s que o flrzcrn jlrrar - clc ntanter a religilio clelcs, stras
Ieis, strrs liltcrclacles, cle scr valentc, jtrs«r c afável
-, elc
tlrn-rlrúnr jtrra firzcr'o sol can.rir-rhar corr.r s.rr luz cost.rrncim,
ils ltLrvens g<>tcjltreut na époclr op()rtunir, os l.itls pcl.(.()l.l.c_
fenr scLl crlrs() c ll [c]fr1l ltrocltrzir tocllLs as c.ois:ts ne(rcssai-
rius 1>ara scLt [)()\,().
s<ltt c.ntrítri() lt cssil llritnci.ir c()lllll.r c clescanfi. ,rais
cla cr>nrpetêr'rc'iri cluanclo a vejo ac()lnpanlllrcla cle grtrnrle_
zlr clc fortur-re c cle estima p<4rtrlar. prcr'isul»os utentlrr l)rrrir
() (lullÍ)t() e.r'untejoso flrllrr cllLancÍ«r sc cluiscr, cscolÍtcr <>
ntoDlcnt< ). int('rr()ltlpcr o ltslittllt() <;tt mtrclít-lo c()1I ttlrllt au-
n,
-.f t.rirllrrlc pl.fr.ss6;1-.11, clcÍ-euclcr-se clas oltjeç-Crcs cle. outrcrn
.' j t.r, Lrnr 1,()vi,crnt. cle crrl>eç-a, rrrn s.rri.s..tt.r-u sirôn-
l- .f ci,r. cliante clc tru.rr as.sislênciu (lLre trcntc rlc rcverênciu e
-. ,.'
cle r.cspeit<1.
[]nt hornem cle in'rcnslt firrtlrna, vinclo introcltrzir sua
opiniàc> nLlnr ccrt() .r.ssllnto levc clue sc cliscr-rtiu clcsc<;ntrai-
t rlttntcnte I't sLut nlestt, c()r'ne(.()Lt cxatllncntc ltssint: ,,S<i ytoclc
ser uÍr menf ir()sr ) ()tt tuI igt-t.,t'luttr, t;ttr,nt rlisscr' «ltttr.lt t'oi-
se (lllc nàc). etc." Ac«»rr1-llrrrlrlri cssrr irrvc'stirllr Í'il.sril'itlr r',nr
trrtt lrttnlt:rl rrlr ntito.
I,lis trma outrlr aclvertênciu cla qrrul tixr gnrnck, pr<ivci_
to: ó-c1u-e nas clisclrss<)cs e c'()nvcrsaçtCres nem toclas lls
i)a_
lavr-us qrre' n()s l)areceln acel.t:lclas clevent ser accitlrs in_
continenti. A rnui.ria cl<l.s h.rncns sào rir:os cle trrrrlr conr-
ltctência alhcia. Poclc aclvir I alguéu clc clizer umu ltcla
tiracla, uma [tc>a resp()sta otr iclóia e exprcssír-la sclu lhc cct-
nhcccr lr firrç'a. [C] ?rlvcz se p()sslr veriÍicrrr por ntirn ntcs*
nr() (lUc nà() sustcntan.ros trrclo () (llrc tolllíull()s enrprcstâ(l().
Ílll Nlro cle'c.r.s ceclcr ser.pre u cl:r, 1t<lr .rais vcrdacle rtr-r
ltelcza clnc c<tntenha. 1)er.,entos .tr c.,tltatê-la scria.tcnte
()Lt recrrílr, solt o prctcxtcl cle nà<t entcr-rclê-la, para tatc.lr_
r.r-ros cle toclos <>s laclos con'ro se apresentu em scll aut()r.
 226 o.t /i\i571o5
l)<>clc ltc'<>nte('cl'cle n()s esl)eti-rnn()s;' c cc)ltt|il)Llirltl()s px1'.t
a c-st(x'u(lll ir ltlénr clc serrr akuncc. ()Llt1'()r'lt cilrprcgtrci, nrt
clific'rrlcllcle c r.rrgênc'iu clo c'onrl>utc, r'éplic:ts <1ue rtlrrilarn
irrna lrlcclut rrr:riot' clo <1r-rc cra r-ninhu interrqlio e rninlur
expcctlrtiva: crr s<i lts clava elr núntcro, rccebianr-nzrs cn'r
('()nr() (lullnclo rlcblrto c()r)tre ulr h()nrel)r vigo-
1>csr>. Assir.l
«rso rlelcito-nrc Lltn xntccipru' sLras conclus<)cs, poLrpo-llrc
o trabllho cle ir-rtcrpretar sc, tcnt() atliantur-me à slur iclóiu
,rrincllr inrpcrfeitrr c nlrriccÍrtc (l «rrclcnr c a pcltinôncilr clc
serr rlrciocínio lrclvcrtt:rt'r-ntc c r)rc elltca(;lrln cle longe), conr
;aclrreles olltfr)s" llrço exatantentc () contrário: nlio se clevcr
cntenclcr coi.sl algr,rnrlr ir nar() .seL lrtrlrr'és clclc.s, ncrn pl'e.s.su-
=
!,: por coisu algr-rr-na. Sc jrrlgarcrn eln tcrln()s gcrais: "lsto é
lr<»1. lr<1uilo nito ír" c llcertaretr], r,erclc se é rr fiu'tr,rnu qtre'
rrcertlt p<ir clcs.
l{,1 {lrrt' elr's r'irtrrns('r('\:ul't c rt'sllinjrrrt) unl [)()u(L)
sr.ra opir-riao: p()r quc é assin'r, clc cyue m()ct() er :rssirn. flsscs
jr.rlgarncntos lrnivcrsltis qltc vcjo tiro habitr-rrris nrlLlrr tliT-c'rtt.
; Saõ pcssoes ([re saticlar.n toclo urn lx)v() cnr l)ltrrtl c ç111
I ,,,,,rr,,. ()s cluc têtn clelc ult r'«rnltccinlclrt() r'crcllrrlciro slrri- i
i se nàr> rr exy>rcssei assim Íiri rll)enárs prr f,lta rlc pul;ril-us."
clunt-r.ro c «r clesiqnltnr lrelos n()nres c inclivicllrtIrncnte.'l
Mas ó Llma crlrprcsa an'iscaclu. Por isso tenho visto, rr.rris
rrlriúcle qllc t()cl()s r>s clias, ltc()ntccel' clrrc ()s t-rspíl-itos Í'r-a
c:uncr.ltc ulit'erç'uclos, c1r-rclenckr flrzcr-sc cle cngerrIrosos
crn clestacer nu lcitiu'a clc ltlgr-rn-ur olrnr o arrgc cla lrelcza,
Ilran.r sira ltclnrira('ào cr'c()lhcn(l() tit«r nral (lue cllr vez clc
n<>s irrtirnlltrcrn solrrc lr exc'clôncilt rl«r er.rtor infi>rnrltnr r-ros
solrrc u prriplia iqn()rância clclcs. Flsta exclalnaÇào ú segrr-
re: "(l<>n.ro isso ó bclol" clcl>ois clc otrvir unr:r 1)ágin11 [111e;-
ra clc Virgílio. Assinr sc salvum ()s cs[)crt()s. Mlrs avcnturur-
se a scglri-l<) l)()nt() p()r 1)()n1(), c 1-rol jtrlgurnento prcciso c
lrprr4rriuckr (lr.rcref clcstucar orrrlc rrl» uut()l' sc sr.rpele, onclc
sc r-e1tlç'u, pcsltnclo us prtlrtvres, lts crprcssr)cs, ()s irclrecl()s,
51. Nrr esP:ttl:r cle nosso rrcllcrsrilio.
5-3. (irrr rrrlrrclts 'lrorrrcns ritrrs tlt urrlr rrrrrrlrctôncirr :llhci:r".
L^,7?() til ) )-i
Llrrr lllx)§ ()Lrl11) - nenr pensllrl "l'íck\trltttn est ru»t ttttrkt tltrk/
rltrístltre kxlr.tailtr, st,rl eÍiant tlt.ricl qrtisqtrc senlial, dt(ltte
etidtlt (lttd clc cctttsct ryistlttt, senliur ."'' I)iurirLmentc ouç-rr
t«rkrs clizcren'r pular.r'lrs nrjo krlas. [I]l I)izent rrntu coisu c.cr_
tlr; slrilra,*rs utú' ,nclc e c,nhccear, vej,,.s clc .nclc a
.btênr. Ajlrcllr'r<rl.s ir clul)rcsur csslrs bcles Pula'r..s c es-
slr bc[lr ex1>[iclrçlio clLre nà<l llrcs pcrtrnccl)); irl)enirs us tênr
clc pr'onticlào: tê las-ào uprrescntltck, p,rt. ,,.ri,, e às epal,
paclellts; s()r]1()s nós tlttC lts VâlOrizltnr()s c cÍicllfc('cln()s.
Flstcnclcis-lhe.s :t nr;r.. l)arlr t1r,rê7 Illes n:i«'r r«rs ficarn grar()s
p.r iss. c sc t()rn.,lmrais irrept.s. N.. <>s sectrncleis. clei-
xrti-«>s ir: rnltnejarà() essia l1r:rlérilr (()lr() (:lr.reilr te-rn rnecl<r
clc csclrlclrrr-se; nar() ()rrsar]r nruclar-lhe a clisll.sir,:;ir) c () rrs-
pccto, ncrr ap*rfirnclír-la. Blrlunçai-lr r.r.'r p.r-rclrrinh«r c ela
iri lhcs escílp,: alrenclc>nlr,t-.rr li v<is, firrtc e. lrcla cr>,tr> é.
Sà. belas a...rs, 1r<lr.é.r ,tlrl ernptrrrhecllrs. eLlantas'czL-s
vi a prova cliss<t? ()ra, sc chegarclcs a csclarecô_lus c con_
Íl,rl-r-1:rs, clcs inc.ntincnti arreb:rtenr
c r.trlranr cle v«is
essu strpcrio|iclaclc rlc- vosslr intcrpretrrclio, "É isso lllcsll.l()
qlrc cu c1r-reria clizer; é essa jtrstantcnte minha concepçixr;
Quc nacla!" L. precis«l usar clc vcrcllrclcir. .rrrlíci. prr.rr r..r-
rigir essa intensa tolic'e. IOI A opiniur> cle llc,.qcsilrs. clc <;Lrc
t-rio se cleve nclt-t «lclirrr nc'nr r'r>ntlcnlrr c,sinr irtslrrrir. cstÍ
certa alhures; Í]):lri u<lrri Ílll cl injtrstiç'lt c. rlcstrrrurrritlrrclc s<»
correr e cctrrigir cltrent nti«t tctlt () (lrrc, Íltzer t,t )lll iss( ) c (lLlc
o nlcrece ainrllr nrenos. (l()st() ile clcixá-los utollrr sc- e cn_
rcclar-sc aincla n-rais clo cltre cstãr, e r.rais proíirnclanrentc,
se f<rr possívcl, ltara (luer p()r Ílm .se rcconhcç:atn.,,.
)i. "Fl prccis() r'x:rrninrrr n:-ro lrPt,nlrs o rltrc c.:rcla trilr rliz nr:rs l;rnrlreilr
st,ts .Pirri<)rs c ,s Plripri.s frrncl:rr.e Dl.s ale srrrs ()pil-rii)(.s. ((iít.t,r.. /)t,o//,.,
I. xr.r.
)
5i. Lilcl-:llnrenrr: S,pr:ri!", cxprcssuo P<4rtrlur c;trc significlrv:r: ..r-Lro é
netl:t rlisso". "isso n;lo í'u'rcl:rtle (s61tr:ti lr
1trtr,ir.:r rlrrt, tCt)tillll i(x.t:ll.\()s n()s
ollros). I)orlc'ri:r lrlrr:u sc lrnrbcrrr <lc rrnr:r ilr:rgr'rD ertr:rírl:r rl,r
i,rgo tlc rlrrrpus:
"s,1rrei r pt,rlt':t tl,r lrrlvcrstrri. rlltc rk.ix,rr (lc c.<r,rer,.:l \.()ssa. (N.
tltr -f.)
5(r. Aclrtritant sU:t (lcrr()t:1. st(t intcrirr.irllLrlr. (N. <la 'f. )
 224
A t«rlic'e er () clesregulatncnt<l cle scnso nlr() sli() algo
sct cufc c()111 Ltlll lllnce clc ltclvcrtêncilt. [C] E ptlclernos
(lllcr
clizcr aprol-triacllttnentc clcsse rcpar()r- () clLlc Ciro respr<>n-
cle a <luettt o prcssitlna para ex()rtllr sctt exército no lll()-
rncnro clc uttta hatalha: (llte n() cltlnp() clc llatalha os ixr-
tncns n:to sc t()fnal'll coraitlscls e llclictls<ls ccltt-t ttt'tl l>cltlt
clisctrrso, rtssitn cotn<> nào tlos t()rnltlll()s ir-rcontincnti rnú-
sicos por «rLtvirtnos tttrla lltla cançlto. Slr<l aprenrlizegerrs
quc tôÍtt clc scr fêitas prcvilllllcnte, por lor-rga cl c()nstante
cclucaçito.
Il]] t)cvernos tt()s tl()ss()s essc ctriclaclo c] erssli ltssiclni-
clucle clc corrcc,ito c cle instrr-tçlto; tltlts ir preglrr prt'lL o llri
nrciro clLtcr passilr c clar attla pare x igntlrância or-r inópcia
clo prirneriro (lLtcr enc()ntl'llrln()s ó tltlla 1lrítticlt clttc clctest<>.
Rltrarnentc ct Íltç<t, 11lcs11l() nas c()llvcrsas (lLtc 2lc()ntecctll
courigo, e prcfiro abanclonet'ttlclo a cheglrr:I Csscs e nsinrt-
. lncnt()s artiflciltis e prtlÍcssorais. [C] IVIetr tcllpcl-ltlnent(),i
']t,,,,t,, tlrllrnclo c{ )ln() escrevcnclo, nitil é aprclpriltcltl llltra <ls
plincipiantcs. [t]l MLs nrrs r'oisrLs (ll-lc se clizctrl c'll't socic-'
clacle r>tt cliante clc tcrceiros, por erraclas e el)stlrclas (lLlc es
jlrlglrc, ntlnca ntc intcrponll<l nctrl ctlrll pltlavrlls llctll c()lll
gLrstos. I)e rcstt.r, nacla na tolicc tlle irrita tanto couro o fllt<l
clc cllre c-la se cotlltt'ltz ct»-tsigr ) lncsll1rt lllais clo clLtc cllral-
clr-rcr raza<> 1t<>cle rezoavcItnentc c()lnprllTcr-se.
É-11na pena (lrtc tf;sls:.tefvos 1lr<>ílla clc vrls ccltn-
pr:tzercles e c<tnfirtrcles cttl vírs e l'tls tnllncle etnlloL'.l sctn-
pre clcscontcnte c rcce()s(). a() pitss() tpc lrf )l>stirrltçàcryt a
/ier i,rnclrrclgÂ-nr'hcttt sctts h<>sptrclciros clc júillilo c clc segtr-
i-..f.fr+, E frripri,r cltls ttrais inclpltzcs «rlhltr os olttros ho-
n,cns 1r,r. citnlt clct omltro. voltatlcltl scnlprc clo cotnllatc
c'heios cle alcgria c cle jovialiclacle. Fl (lllascl setlrprc ltincllt
cssa fltttticlltcle clc lingtragc|r'r e Vir.'ltciclacle clc fisiclnor-nia
llies cliro ganlxr clc clrrrsa jr-rnt«r à essistêncitr, clLre hlrllittrlrl-
51. Arlvct'tôncirr (luc l)r()( Lr1it corrigil Lrrrl tlcf ci{o.
O.\' /r'tV5,,11().! LTT:RO IlT 2)I)
lnente í' fiacu e incapaz cle jlrlgar benr e cle clisccrnir rrs
verclacleiras superioriclacles. I(ll ()bstinaçiro c arclor cle opi-
, niào ú a pr()va nrais segura cle esttrltice. HuvcriL algo meis
I conflantc, res<>[uto, clcsclcnhoso, contcrnplutivo, grave c
serio clo qLle um l>r.rr«r-i
[I]l Nuo poclercnros nri.stLrlrr lt() rrssLlnt() clzr c«»rvcrsu-
ç'lio e cornunicaÇ'lto :ts charlas cspiritr,rosus c cntrecortaclas
r1r,rc a jo',,ialiclaclc c a intimiclucle introcluzern cntrc os ami-
gos, graccjanclo c zonrbanclo uns c()ul ()s ()utr()s cler firntur
clivclticla c viv'.rz.l l,lxcrcício a clue rninlxr alcgriu nutural
me t()rna lrastante apropriacki; c sc clc nao é tào c()1npe-
nctraclo e sério (luant() esse olltr() exercício c1r-rc acab<t cle
rurcncionar, nao ó rrenc)s sutil c engenhoso, I(ll ncrl rrc-
nos proveit()s(), c()nl() parec:ia a Lictrrgo. [1]l No (lllc llc
c()nccrnLr, crontrilrr.ro para clc conr ntais lilrerclaclc clo <1uc
espír'ito, e te'ntro rt.lítis sortc ckr <llrc inraginlrt'r)o; t]]rts s()Lt
perfêito em toler'ância. llois sup()l't() sc-m altcnrr-lnc o rcvi-
l
rle nao lrpenlls áspexr como tltml>érn cxccssivo. E trnte <r
xtaquc qlle 1llc fltzetu, se etr nrtt.l tiver cor.t.r<> replic'ur fogo-
samcntc Ít() rnesnt() instante, nllo vorr lncr ()cllpânclo cnr
seclrnclar essA est()cilcla c<lrrr Llllll ('()ntc.stlrc'llo tr'cli«rslt cr
I l'roLrxlr, sr,lndo lr tcintosilt: <k'ix<l-lr l)ilrislll' c', rtrttrr'ltltnclo
ltlcgt'crttcntc rts ,»'cllilts. pt'otclo ntinltt tlcsli»r'lt plu-:r ltl-
.'gunt 1n()l))ent() l]tcl[]or-. Nllo i' r-rc'g«rcilrtrt(' (lucln 1llrnhlr
sclnprc. A mai<>riu n'rtrcla clc fisiononria c clc tont clrurnclo
lhe flrlta a forç'a e, p()r r-rtna c<ilera irtportuna, crn vcz cle
vingar-sc rcvcla u() llrc.sn-r() tcnrp() sua freclrreza e sua into-
lerância. Etn meio a essa lrrincltcleinr its vczcs pint'runt,s
.i,rJ,,r secretas cle nossas imperÍeic-oes que u sório nirr>
poclcnrr>s t()círr scr)r ofcnsaI c aclvcrtirnos proveitosar.nc'ntc
tun ll() otttro sobrc n()ss()s clelcitos.
IIír outros jogos clc nlir)", ir-nr>clcraclos c rtrcles. ir fian-
cesu, (llle ocleio rnor-tltlrttente: tenlro a pcle clclicucla c scr-r-
58. ()Lrlros rliverlirrrcnlos <1rrt' sio jogos tk' rrr:ro
 2J0 o.l'/ivt71os
sível; en) minha vicla iír vi cntcrrarem por isso clois prínci-
pcs clc n()ss() sltngue [C]] rcaltr'. ]-ica fêio lxtter-se brincanclo.
[t]l I)c rcsto, (lllírnckr cluero jrrlgar solrrc algtrérn, per-
grLnto-lhc () (lllant() ele é contcnte consigo, até «rnclc suas
palavras ou serr trabalho lhc agt'aclam. 'l'ert'tto cvitur estas
bclas iustiÍicativas: "Iriz isso pol lrrincacleirt;
Ablcttum metliis q)t$ est irtcu.tí'ihus i.\tud:""
niro me c.letive ncla ncrn uma holr; r-riro a rcli clcpois. -
Ora, cligo ctr, entiro cleixeur«rs clc laclo cstes textos; clai-nrc
LlÍr (pre v()s representLr p()r inteiro, pelo c1r-ral gosteis <1ttc
v()s lncÇarn." Fi dcpois: "() qtre achais rnais l>clo eln v()ssa
olrrai'Ser'ír essa Í)artc, ()Lr est:l ucltti'i A graça, or-t a tt-ttttéria,
ou a inlrginação, or-r o racioc'ínio, ()Ll ()s conhecitnentcts?"
il', ris hrrlritLrLlnre ntc 1>crccbo que ftlhanx)s tanto ao julgar
1,r,,-r,, 1rr«iprio lt':tlr:tlltr) (lullrtlo o rlt' ()r.ttr('rtt: n:io :tpen:ts
pclu afêic'ào qr.re lhe tlcscl'rmos lras p()r nào tertnos a clt-
puciclacle cle reconhecê-lo c clistingui-lo. A olrra, por sua
pxipria Íirrç'a c lirrtr.rna, poctc sccunclar o itr.rt«rr nrais alórl
clc suu in'raginaçit<> c conhecitnernt(), c r,tltrapassír-lo. Qr-utn-
to a mirn, nã«r jrrlgo o valor clc or.rtro traltallro tnais ccinÍit-
sanrcnte clo c1.re o clo me Lr; e coloco <ts Ettsaios ora eln-
l>lixo ora no alto, conr nrtrita inconstânciit e inccrteza.
Ilír nrtritos livrrs úteis etn razrio clc sctts assltnt()s e cl()s
<ltrais o atrtor nao tira a mcnor gl<iria, e l>ons livros, cont<r
b<xrs olrras, que causlrn'r vcrgonhu lo olrreirr. Escreverci
sol>re as caÍactcrístic:as clc 1-r()ss()s l)anqlretcs c clc n«rssas
r()ul)as, c erscreverei cie rnri vontaclc; clivtrlgarei os eclitcts
59. () trxrclt'rle Fin.qhit'n. 1r()r1() ('nr l5'i5 dtrrer.rte uttt jogo, clcvitlo à
cqrrerl:r :rciclcntll rlt rrnr trrfl-c', t'o rnerluês cle llcltLtpti':ttt, rllt c:tslt lJottrlron-
l.Í()nlll('Írsi('r, nr()rl() crr l5(Í) trttlu:tnto pcrscgrti:r ttnr crx'llto: ou lelvcz o rci
Hcnriclrrc ll. r)l()rt() nrrrtt totntio cttr 1559.
60. "Iissrr olrrr rrrc Íiri tir-ecle cl:t bittoln:t rto nrcio tlo tr:tlr:tllto." (()r'íclio,
7ir.ç1., I, \ tr. 29.)
LIVI?O III l.i I
cle ntinha ópoca c as cart.rs ckrs prínciltes que passur(,ll)
para màos 1>últlicas; ftirei rtrn resuln() sol-lre rrm lt«>lt Iivr.o
(c toclo rcrslll-lto sobre nm lrorn livro é trnr rcsrrmo tolo),
lir,'ro csse cllrc virá a pcrcler-se,,, c coistrs assim.
{p<xtcri-
clacle irá tiral'extra()rclinário proveito de tais conrposiçôes;
(llrant() a lr)im, r1tre, h<rntrs. sc nao firr gtrçlts a minl-ra lroa
sortc? Bou parte clos livrrs faruosos estlic_r ncssa.r:ondiçào.
Qrranclo li lrhiliprpe clc Cortrmincs,,,, há vjrrios an()s -
incliscrrtivetlntcntc ullt arrtor mrrito ltont -, clcstlr<1uei estlrs
pelavras como invtrlgarcs: "c1ur- sc clcvc evitlrr. ltrestar a
.setr senltor tant()s serv'i(-os clr-re iss<t o impcÇta clc encontrar
a rec()lnpensa jr-rsta". Er,r clevcrilt ter louvaclo u icleiilr e niro
a elc; r'ecncontrci-a crl 'I'ác:it«r, há nuo rnlrito lcurpri: ,,/i:
nef.icia c() usqtte laeta ytrtt dtun t;idenlttr exoh.)i possc; tthi
rntt.llt.tnt dntet)euere. pro gratia oriitutt rerJrJi.fur.",.' [Cl r-.
Sêncca, vigirrosanrertc: "hYdnt Llttí putdt csse tu.tpe non
t'edcJet'e, nut Lttil csse ctti raddctt.",,' e. Cír'cr«t, clc trn-r pon-
to cle vistrr nrais ltmncl (): "Qui se tnn ltr.ttat satisfacere,
ctmict.ts es.se ttuIkt mrtcht pcttcst.",,.
[I]l () assLrnto, tul cotno firr, poclc rer.,elar unt lronterr
crrrclit<> e cle ltoa rnent<iria; lllí.ls pura julgur nclc lrs rlrurli-
claclcs muis srns c r-nais clign:rs, lr lirr-ç.lr c lr lrr'lc'zu cle srrt
:tltttlt. ti l)t'('('i.\(r sltlrt't ()(l1t.t;:r.lt t.() (11(,11() () (.. (.1rr-
<ltrikr r|.re,,'nài> ó serLr?lulutt() lll(, clCvt,ltt«rs t,rrsitlt.r.rrnrl; rr
c.scolha, a clisposiç:à<), () ornanlcnt() c 1l lingtrlrgcrrr <;uc' r,lc
61. (lr»rr. rrc()l)tr(c. r',rn rrs 1h.çlri.lrts.filílittts c1c I)()nll)('Lr 'Iirrg.. cLrj.s
(lr.riu(ntx ('(lu:ltr() r,olunres sc pcrtlcL:rrl i'clur. lrojc slio crnhcr.irl:rs rrlx'nlrs
r)() rcsul)l() ck. -frrstino.
ó2. Virrt.s cnl ()Ulf:t l),ssitgr1l1 (lUc Nl()ntlti!lt(,jli. li:r ctrr l5ói: lt1(,n
cionlt-o n:ts:ut()1il(-()es cln setr Nirrrlr (iillcs.
(rJ. ()s lrc.trclíti.s sri. lrgr:rcli't,is.rr,r.clirle (,1, (1.(,1t,clt,rrr st,r *1ri
lrrLíclos; se rrllr:rP:rssercrn nrtriro tsst lirrritc. crl lrz tlc glrrritl:ro s:ro plrgos
conr otlio. ('l:lt ito. ,,ltar.s. IV. \\ lt. )
(r'i. "l)ois rlurnr lch:r rk'sonroso n:io rc'(rilruir g()stilrill rlrrt nlio lrgrrycs
se ninqLrénr lr tlucnt rc'tribuir." (Sêntc.u. 1r , t.\\\t.)
(r5. '(]Lretn nli. sc..nsirlr.t tltritc ni.
l,rck'clc ti,,trr ltlgrr.'r st.r
ernigo." ((]. Oíccilr. l)( l)d. coils.. x.)
 l.^'R() lil
232 o'§ EÀ1571O9

lirrneccu. Qr-re clizer, se ele t<>1lou elnl)rcstzl(llt a mlttória c
p*i,r.,rr., u fir.la, CO111() ()Corfc arliúrcle? Nírs c'-re tclnt)s
p()Ll-;
,qt.lt r.rllerii,ltt'i:t tt)lIl ()s liVr()s l(l'll()5 t'stlr tlilittrltllrtlt'' «ltrlrn-]
u.'n,. rs ltlgttttt llt'lt I ltt'll:ttlt ) n(llIl P( )ctll ll()\ t t' ltlgrtttt
I
nerrrtivas. Nao c rrm livr() P'.u'a lcr, é unr livrt> plr".r estirtl:u'
e-uprencler;;;i7;ià" replctir clc urirximas .1,,. hit a tort<r
", c políti-
e u clircikl: é tru.rt senrenteir'.r cle ref-lcxocs eticus
ces. l)err 1l«».isrio e ()1'níur)ent() (l()s (lue ()cllp.un LlÍnil p()-

].1,, siçuo no govcnr() ckr tnr-rnclo. Argr-rnrcnta sernpre c()ltt ra-

;ar.gy1re1t«» tirrtc 1um ()l'acl()r, rri. 6r.rstttl't<)s p()róll1 l.lirv'ír-'l
zôes sciliclas c vig()f()s1rs, cle Lrnr mockr pcnctrantc c sutil,
Ios prlr isso se mhavcr|r-ros ll()s inli)rmaclo cotn algtttll crlt-
scgtrinclo o cstilo afetltclo clo sécr-r[o: ele.s"" g«lstar,,lulr tlrnt()
dirc, sc ..r(luclc tr.cctr<l e1 pr<ilrrio cleltls ort sc tr ltlhcitl: att:
clc inflar-se (luc, (luenclo nrio cnr'orrtnlveln egucleza c suti-
elltà() lllantenho-me sclflprcl enr Ílllarcla'
leze nas coisas, t()nr1lvÍrÍn-nlls erllprcsteclas clus pallrvrts.
Aclth<lclellcrcorrcrclettrttllltssclltll(lalthist<iriaclc Assernclhu-se bastunte a() estil() clc Sêncca: parercre-nre
Tírcittl(<lclrteclificilrlentelllcac()lltcce:hírvinteant>snlr<>
lnais srrbstanci()s(); Sênecl, rnais ;rcnetr-antc. Seu ttrlxrlhcr
gest() c()ln ltt-u livr<> tllllll Il()rlt scgtricla), e <> fiz' 21 c()nselh()
ClctllnliclalgrlcltteaFrltnç:lrrtrltit<lestilllit,tllnt()p()tSeLl
ó urais :rpro1»'iaclo l)ure [rnr estacl«r confirs() e cloentc
con-to ó () n()ss() utrral: ficcliicntenlentc cliríeis (lue clc 1r()s
va[()f pe]ss()1ti cttttto p()r tllllâ C()llstante etitr-tde cle ctltnpc-
clcscrevc e no.s critic'rr. ()s (llrc rlrrvicllrrn clc sua sincclicl:r-
têncitr c exceiênc.ill, que sc vê t-t«>s vát'ios irtrlzi<>s clttc eles
, cle cllto t 1-lctcehcl cluc thr,'
(luercur urltl lror ()utras coislts.
. sll<)"". Nlto sci cle t>utr<l allt()r clLIc 1lcl'cscente a tlm Ícgistr()
r.,r, iclu'ilrs vlititlus e porclc l)arl () purticl() ccrt() n()s
trl
pril-li.',, trrltrr aplilise clos ilál.)it()s c inclin.tr.-t-rcs plrt'tictrllr- Inl"
jJssLrnt().s r()l)tlut()s. N() cntant() lanrcntrl Lult p()r.lc() que tc-
, ies"'. lC] Fl me parece () c()ntr,lri() clo clttc palccc 'r elc,
(lllL:. tclt(l() par.a segr.ril L:Spe(:iallllente '.ts vicl'.ts clos irnpe- nlur jr,rlg:rclo l)onrpctr nrais rlnnrmcnte (l() (lLrc () (()nlp()rt'.I
re(l()rcs cle setu telnp(), tiro cstranluls c] cxtrellllts cl.n t()(la
a opiniiro clus pessr>as clc bern c1r-rc v'iverat-n e] trlltírr1r11.l
..tc,Ôes lx)tatVcis clr-te principlr[- cour cle, por lurr'ê-l<l consiclemcl<) t()t'.rlrnentc igrrlrl l NIli-
cspécic cle lrtitucles, tlrlttlls
lrcntc sua cfuelclacle pr'<tclr-rzir-[ cm riclls súclitos, tinl'ra lrtla rio e Silu, a nat> ser na meclicla elll qlre cra nlri.s clissinrLr-
lack>. Nà<l cximirun cle atllric'llo surt intcn('alo ck' govcln:rr
ltlltté,ri..r nlxis fi)rtc c lltrlrcnte l)itrll clisc()rrer c naltltt' cl<l
()s asslrnt()s púlrlicos, rrcnr clc' r. in.qlrnçrt, (' nrL'sr))() s('us
(lue sc ti\.essc cle firlar clas ltutalhlrs e agitltc-eres gerais; tau-
it,,,1l.,. arniriclc () xch() itricl6, llass:tncl() [)()l'cina cllcltteles erni.q()s tcrnerrrtt cltrc lt vitor-ilr «r lir,'c'sst' lt'r'rrrlo :rli'rrr <los
('{)ln si'[l ilncll- limites cla razr)o, lDrrs n:rr ) :rtL' Lrnr Hr'.lu [:l() ck'scnlr-t'lrclo'";
1.: i t-,"1,i, l-nortcs c()ltx) :e teÍ,essc fltliglrr-rtos nri<> hít em suA r,'icla nrtcllt (lLlc 1l()s tenlra ltrnca!'ucl«r corn
,>" so t-ttitttcr<l clxttnsa().
('
! '- ll]l Esse fonile clc ltisttiria é clc lor]gc:t tllais útil
()s tlo cxpressa cl'uclcl:lclc e limnilr. Entretant() niro sc clcvc
'.-l r' igualer srr.spcitu e cr,'iclên<'iai assim, nito uc'reclito nerlc-'.
lll()virr.r(.rltõs ptilrlit,rs rlt'pentlt'rrt tttrtis tllt t'«rtltltttlt tl:t lirr
. ..''' tuílt;..s llrivlcl,s, cla tl,sslt"*' Fi.4r-rtcs tlln irllÍlament() (l() Talvc'z se puclcsse ergllincntar (prLr sllils narrltivas sito sin-
""r .1g. tCl-",,.raç-.. llll clc' hist<iria; htt rttais Prcceit()s cl. cltte: ccras c h<lnestas illstxlnentc p()r(lLre ncln scrnllfe se up[i-
caul exatelDentc às c'«>nclLrsi>es clc selrs jrrlgatncntt.rs. os
qrrais cle scgue clc acrrrclo c()rn il tcnclênc'irr rlue rrssurrriu,
(Í).'l'ltt1t sc l)r()\llvellll(llte tlo ttttlrlt' tlt' (lrLli()ll (' serts tlois irttlitOs
VrL :t rtltrcst'llllttltrl tlo itlít it> (lesl(' ( rll)íttll()'
(r7. N:t ciiiç:rto tle l5lJlii lô-st': "Nisso t'l<'ltllo ó ttttttos nrinrrcioso c clili íí). As pcsso:rs rl:rrlLrt'lt sér'rrlrr.
genlt tkr rlrtc l'ltttllttrr. tlrtt' fi z clisso llrolissrio ('xl)rtssíI" 70. (l()nr() t'rrr,Vlririo c Sile.
()8. Nlt t'tlitlto rli' l5lifi IC'sc rtltri: li cntrtllttlto t'lt' nl-to estltlct'ttt o 7l. I'}n 'l:i< rlo.
c;ttc rltvilt 1'l ()Llt1'11 l)illlc.'
 )j4 05'/i\l\7/o,§
allriúcle inclepcnclcnter)lcÍrtc cllr tnatér'ia (lltc n()s llt()stra, 1l
c1r-Lrl nuo se clignr>tr a inclinur se({Ller n1t al)xrência. Ille nito
n('('cssit:i de clcscr.rlplt por lrrtr"er- upr«»'aclo lt rcli.gilic> cle
scll telnp(), cle acorclo c()rlr its lcis qLre assiru lhe «rrclena-
v1l1n, er ignoraclo rr rrcrclltclcir'.t. lsso ó ir-rlelicicllrcle sttlt e nrtt>
clcÍcitr>.
Ilxarrinci princilralrnentc setts jtrlgrtntentos, c nào f)-
cluei lrcrn csclrtx:ciclo Linr tu(l(). Assittt, cstlts lltlltl't'lt.s cle
carta (luet 'I'ibório. vclltct c (l()crlte. ct-tt,iolt att scnaclo: "(]lte
v()s csclcverci, scnhrlre's, ()r.r c()ltx) \:()s c\(t'evtrci. oLt tr
cluc nào \'()s crs(rcverei cle fi»'nra algtrnll rtcst.t c1'locrt? Se
<> sotrlre'r, (lllcr ()s cleLtscs c es clcttsas me faç-rttr-t tl«rrrer clc
nlrnelra piol clo clLre llrc sint«l pcrcccr [()cl()s os clirts", nitrt
petcclr«r p()r (1lc ele as atriltui c()ln tantx ('ertcza a unl
pungcntc: rcln()rs() qllc lit()rlll('llte a c()nsciÊrlc'ia clc Tillí'
ric-r; pelo nren()s cltrancl«r tive ocltsiu«l-t, nito vi r-ratlu cliss<1.
'l-anrbórn nrc prlreceu urlr tant() tíl>i«i t1tre. clevencl<t clizer
(lue cxef('cnt cnr llonut cett:t ttutgistrlttttra lr<tnr<)s1t, se p()-
nha u jtrstiÍiclrr r;tre nao Íiri por ()stcntaÇ,l() c1r.te «r clisst'.
Ilssa tir:rcl:r lnc purcce clc poucrt fibr':t pltr:t r,ttla ulrna clc'
sua espécic; p()is ha ul-nll ccrta fttlte cle c()rrrgr'ltt ertt rtl-trr
ousur Íalar-claranrernte clc si. Ilm ir-rízo vig«rroso e elevacl<r
Lr (lLlc jtrlgtre c<»n pcrtinênc:iu cr cont segllrança utilizlt clc
toclas as rflaneirus tant() exctnplos pcssoltis crttn<t coisa
lulhcia e tcstenr-rnha titt> franc':ulentc sobrc si c'ot-ttr> sol.lre
coisa clc terc'ciros. Ép1çc_i,19 passar por citna clessas regr.ts
I
I
pr>pularcs clc civiliclacle, eu fltvor cllt vcrclaclc e clu libcr-
I clacle. [(]l Otrso nio al)enas fular cle rninr <ortto tetnbcru
fe_lrrr apcnas clc rlirn: extrrvir>-me cluanclo escrcvt.l s<iltre
oll.lltjl c()isa c Íirjo clc rncu .lssullto. Nlto nre llnr() t:tu in.scn-
satlllttente c nno cst()U t,r() l)rcs() c confLrncliclo etll mittr
Ílcsrrx) qLrc não nle p()ssll clistingtrir c cxrtnrinar ct>ur clis-
tztncilrmcntc) - c()I1l() a tun vizinh(). ('()rr() 1t ulnlt lirvorc.
72. (]ttlrntlo eu cstir\'1l lt nrlo o lcrto.
I
I
Lfi:RO ilt I i')
clllrckl tttnt«r rrio venn()s () (lLltlnt() verlrr-ttos tolrr«r tlizr.r
itnr:ls clc n<is rtrais clo tllre veln()s. I)e.veiltos rrrlris lrrrror' .r
[)crrs cl<> <1r.rc lr n<is c o c'on]tec'cll()s ÍIten()s; c lt() clttlutt()
llrlarlo" clele lL rnais nao p<tclcr.
[I]l Se serrs cscritos revcllrnt ulglrma c'r>isa clc seu clrrír-
terr, etr r-rnr gnrncle [)ers()ltirgcllt, jrrstrr c comj<lso, nlio c[c
trma virtrrclc supersticiose lnas sirtr fikrsrificll e gcÍtcr()s.r.
l)ocle'rcrnos lrc'lt:i-l<> otrslrclo clll scll.s testerttunlto.s , c()ll()
rlrnnckr sustellta (lr.tc., estanckr lrnt solclackt lt currcger Llltl
fêixc clc lcnha, sulrs rniros e.nregcllrrant cle Íl'io c colur-an'r
nlr clllge, clc tul fitnttlr clnc ficarrulr l)rcslts a e.lrr e ul()rtus,
tcnclo se scpurtckr clos ltraç'os. Itnt tais llssLrnt()s c()stul'lt()
velqirr sob lr utrtoriclaclc cle ttro intltorttrntc.s tc,stenrrrnhtrs.
()u(ra (()isíl clrre elc cliz rlr.re Vcspasiarto,
- ltekr luvol ckr
rlr'trs Scrápis, t'lrrou crn Alcruncllia trnur rrulher c'ega,
rrngincl«>lhe os ollros c()1n sua saliva. c nlio sei <1r-ral orrtrcr
nrilagre -, assin'r fitla por intituç-uo c pclo clcvel cle tocl<>s
os lrons liis«rriaclores: eles rru.rntênt registr() (k)s eveltt().s clc
importâ nciu; e11tre ()ri uc()ntecintcl)t()s ptil>lic<ts cstar() txrn-
,, l>énr os rurl()r-es e us icléirrs 1-loprrlurcs. É Íirnc'iro clclcs lc--'
lltal as crcnÇíts conrltns. nào c'ontr'olli-las. Flssa llrrtc caltc,
rtos tcrilr>gos e a()s filrlsoÍirs clirctolcs clc' t'ol-rsciôr.rcilrs. l)or
isso, rnuito sltltitrtncrttc:, lr<lrrclc s('u ('()t)lllllnltr.irrr r.gl'lrnclc
lr<rrnern, corrrr> ele : " lklttklent f tlttn.t truttst rilxt rltrrttrt L'rc-
tkt; 'nttnt ttet' otf/irntttrc srr.çlittco. dc tltril»rs tltrbito. n?c sul),
ductre qrtae ttccelti''- ; [(]l e () oLltl'(): "ÍIcttc rrcqttc a.ff|rrna-
ra. neqtte refi,llere opcrorc l)retium <:st: .fr,rtnae rL,rum stotl
dtt.trt t:sl"-'; e, cscreven(lo ntr[r sécrrlo clt'r (llle tr cren(]lr cln
prr>clígios collrcÇava lr clir-nir-u-rir, cliz c1r-rc nc11l por isso prc-
7J. l)c 'l lit'itrr
R I.rl() ilt:tis (l() (lilc :r( t((litO, Pois lliro lx)§s() ncnt irÍir-
71. "Nlr rcrcl:trlt',
Fl
ru:rl lrlgo rlc rlut tlrrvirkr nenr srrprilnir () (lu(':l lr:t<lilrio lnc tr:tnsntitiu."
Í(2uinl() (.úrcio. IX. r.)
75. Sltor'oisltstlerlLtcn:roclcrt-ntos(xul):lrn()sitcilt('nrrtÍ'irnlrrr':tln
( m ncgur: tcrttos clcltcr r)()§ :r tt:rrliçr10." (TitO Lír,io, l. prellicio r: VIII, vr..)
 )36 ().\'Êtvs7/().\

tendia cleixar clc inserir eln seus anais c cle clivulgar alg<r
aceit() p()r tentas pcssoes cle bem e c()111 ttio grancle respei-
to cla Antiguiclaclc. [B] llstá muito bcnt clito. Qrre eles nos
trrnsrlitarn a história rnlris corrro rccebern clo clue com<>
cstinram. IJr-r clue sou rei cla rnatória que trat() c cyuc nlio
clevo contas clela a ninglrérr-r, no entanto nào acrcclito to,
tahrcntc cnr mirn: amiúcle arrisco rasgos clc espiritlrosicla-
clc cle clrre clesconfio [C] c certas slrtilezas verl>uis clus cluais
puxo as orelhas; [1]l rnas cleixo-us c()rrer u() acas(). [C] Veio
Capítulo IX
qLle n()s orgtrlhumos clc coisas assirn. Niro caltc apcnes a
rnirn julgar sr>lrre elas. A1;rcscnto-rne em pé e clcitaclo, rlc:
fiente e (le c()stas, pcla clireita e pela esrprcrcla c cont t()-
Ncslr cns:tio N'l()ntllignc cs( rc!e (ltle g()vcrn:l se rts llcns h:i "rlt'zoittr
itlos rnt'rrs vinr'rrs niltr.n'llis. Iltl { )s t'spít'itos, r)'tt,sl)'lr) set])(,-,
lllt.trntCs Cilt lirrg'lt. n:'r() s:ir) s('nrpr(' sr,tnr,lltlrrtlt.s t.rtt :rplit'lr- [ iur()s : e, crn ()u1r() trcclro, clttc st'tt pai tttortett hli "clt'zoilo eltos'. Esses rlois

- e err(llrc
ç'ão:" g()st()s. trstcmrrnlros sitrr:trtt no :tno cle l5u(r rt cotnposic:io tlt ltelo ltlt'Ít()s tltllll pllr-
Eis o a rnelllriria rue aprcscnta cler tuna Íirn.na gc- lc ckr ens:rio, pois I)icrrc l')yrlLtcnr nr()rrcu ertl jttnho tlc' l56li. l)or otttro l:ttlo,
rítl c ha.stantc incerta. Toclos <>s ftrlgarncnt«rs gcnris sl-ro vrr- cnl ()utrrr J)âssrrll('nr clt cliz: Bnvclltcci oito :tnos clcsclc rttinltes ltrittrcit:ts
gos c irnpcrfêi«rs. prrblitrrcr)es . () (lue n()s rtrlrctt â l5ti8. trrrrl vcz (ltlc lt;rtittt'itrt ccliq':io clos
cnsuios tlete clc 1580. Él vcrcletlc (luc ttlr pr()\'r. n() ltl()1]tent() tle itttprcssli<r
rlcstc Lrltirno tcxt(), '()i1() 1>oclc ttr sttltstiltrítlo "stis , :lllt('ri()rlllclltc tsclit()
l)()r i\'l()Írl:tignLi;1lorótrl ó tttais proVlivcl clttc'o tlls:lio. r,,ll)l)('\lU rlil lll.liilt
I)xrte cn) l5li(r. ttnlre recel>itlo e'rl scgttidrt cottsitlt'r:ir tis et róst ittlos. Âssittl.
por exenrpk>, hí tlois erttpr('stittrrs t'rlrtítlos tlt (]ttittlo (.titt io. rtttlor t;ttt'
lctt cttt julho tk' 1587.
N1()ntui.gnc
I)rincilt:tltttcnte l)()Í essLs:tCtÚstirttos st'trlllitlt (ltl( ('l)((,llllLlll(,\ 'lrltli
rrnr clos crcnrltkrs nruis cviclcntcs rlrr rlcsorgrtniz:tr':io por tttcio tlrt r;Lrtl NIort
txiÍIlrr' Íl()slu clc sLtLprccntlcr-e clesnofleltr scrt lcitor (cotttlt:trltr (1)l)l x tll)1('
stnt:rt-uo r1c III tt). A trrtttposic;lto ó tio irttqrrelisír,cl tlttt'liri 1>ossível pl'opor
un):l eslr:lnlrr Itipr-rttsr'. N'lonteignc t('li1t ('s(rit() clois cnsrtios <listit.ttos: rttll
solrre rrs vi:rgcr.rs. o otttLo solrrt' :ts vltnitlrtclcs r: prit-tt iltrtltncntc solrrc :t r':tni
rlltlc'tlos Iittsttkts; cltl:rois. ct1 vcz tlc ctllcltl:i-l6s ttttt rl(r ()tltrr'. (()lll{' t} \i
rnos flrzrr trl lll vt, tcria rlivicli<lo rl scgtrnclo t'ttt cinctl ott scjs li:tgllltltllos c
rlissc'nrineck>os cnr rliversos p()ttt()s (l() ltrittreilr. N:t verclrlclc. e Ilill<ilt'st' tlt:
:tcti'scitttos clistintos, tlos rlttais v':irios, <1Ltc rellctttll l)re,)tLll).lu,t\ (lrlllLlrl\.
yrorlcrn tcr siclo inseritlos n:t rttesrtl:t ópoclt, lr:tste ltltt':t t'xplitar:t clesolglttti-
z:rqrro clo cltpíltrlo: Itres Ú trtttito sigtlilicetirrr rlttc sc lltlclessc tirrtltttlet cotll
7(r. N:r nraneire clr:rlrliclrr clc
elgunrr vcrossirttilh:tnç'lt :r hi1>titese cle ttll ltrottclit)tenl() tJ() perltclorttl.

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