)XQFLRQDOLGDGHLQFDSDFLGDGHHWHUDSLDSRUPpWRGRVItVLFRV‡
A Atividade Física no Alívio da Dor
CAIO AUGUSTUS FERREIRA
Educador Físico - Faculdade de Educação Física de Santo André - FEFISA.
Pós-graduado em Fisiologia do Exercício e Treinamento Resistido na Saúde, na Doença e no
Envelhecimento - CECAFI - Centro de Estudos em Ciências da Atividade Física - FMUSP.
RESUMO
Atividade física:0RYLPHQWRFRUSRUDOSURGX]LGRSHOD
FRQWUDomR PXVFXODU H TXH ID] DXPHQWDU R GLVSrQGLR GH
energia.
Exercício:$WLYLGDGHItVLFDSODQHMDGDHVWUXWXUDGDUH
petitiva e intencional.
$ UHJXODU SUiWLFD GD DWLYLGDGH ItVLFD YHP VHQGR HV
WXGDGD QD VXD H¿FLrQFLD HP UHGX]LU D SUREDELOLGDGH GH
RFRUUrQFLDGDPDLRULDGDVGRHQoDV DomRSUHYHQWLYD RX
FRQWULEXLU SDUD D H¿FLrQFLD GR VHX WUDWDPHQWR DomR WH
UDSrXWLFD 
2VH[HUFtFLRVHVWLPXODPDVD~GHQRVVHJXLQWHVDV
SHFWRV – Doença coronariana:HOHYDomRGHWD[DPHWDEyOLFD
– Alívio de tensões emocionais: D DWLYLGDGH ItVLFD p
UHFRQKHFLGDFRPRXPDIRUPDH¿FLHQWHGHDOLYLDURstress
HPRFLRQDO GLPLQXLQGR DVVLP XP LPSRUWDQWH IDWRU GH
ULVFRSDUDGLYHUVDVGRHQoDVFU{QLFDVHFRPSRUWDPHQWDLV
DQVLHGDGHDJUHVVLYLGDGHHWF 
– Melhora da composição sanguínea: RV H[HUFtFLRV
HPJHUDOWHQGHPDQRUPDOL]DURVQtYHLVGHJOLFRVHJRU
GXUDV ± FROHVWHURO ERP +'/  DXPHQWDGR FROHVWHURO
UXLP /'/ GLPLQXtGRHFROHVWHUROWRWDO &7 HGLYHUVDV
RXWUDVVXEVWkQFLDVQRVDQJXHTXHSRGHPHVWDUDOWHUDGDV
HWUD]HUULVFRSDUDRVSRUWDGRUHV
– Redução da pressão arterial: SHVVRDV ¿VLFDPHQWH
DWLYDVWHQGHPDWHUQtYHLVSUHVVyULFRVPDLVEDL[RVHRV
H[HUFtFLRVHPJHUDODX[LOLDPDGLPLQXLUDSUHVVmRDUWH
ULDOGRVKLSHUWHQVRV
– Estímulo ao emagrecimento: TXDOTXHUWLSRGHH[HU
FtFLRHVWLPXODDUHGXomRGDJRUGXUDFRUSRUDODWUDYpVGR
DXPHQWRGRJDVWRHQHUJpWLFRPDLRUTXHDLQJHVWmRGHFD
ORULDVRTXHFKDPDPRVGHEDODQoRHQHUJpWLFRQHJDWLYR
GLPLQXLQGRDVVLPDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHDSHVVRDGHVHQYRO
YHUGRHQoDVFRPRDDWHURVFOHURVHRGLDEHWHVHRXWUDV
– Aumento da densidade óssea: RVHGHQWDULVPROHYD
D XPD GLPLQXLomR SURJUHVVLYD GD UHVLVWrQFLD yVVHD DX
PHQWDQGR R ULVFR GH IUDWXUDV H RV H[HUFtFLRV ItVLFRV
FRQVWLWXHPUHFXUVRGHDOWDUHOHYkQFLDSDUDHYLWDUHUHYHU
WHUHVVDVLWXDomR
– Aumento da massa muscular: D DWLYLGDGH ItVLFD
KDELWXDO OHYD D XP DXPHQWR GR YROXPH H GD IRUoD GRV
P~VFXORV SURWHJHQGR DV DUWLFXODo}HV H IDYRUHFHQGR D
DSWLGmRItVLFD
– Desenvolvimento da aptidão física: RV H[HUFtFLRV
DXPHQWDP D FDSDFLGDGH GDV SHVVRDV GH UHDOL]DUHP HV
IRUoRVSHUPLWLQGRDVVLPPDLRUDXWRQRPLDPRWRUDFRQ
GLomRFRQKHFLGDFRPRboa qualidade de vida. (Dr. José
0DULD6DQWDUpP
BENEFÍCIOS DA ATIVIDADE FÍSICA NO TRATAMENTO DE
PATOLOGIAS E ALÍVIO DA DOR
GHYLGRDRDXPHQWRGHPDVVDPXVFXODUDWHQGrQFLDSDUD
REDODQoRFDOyULFRQHJDWLYRRDXPHQWRGDVHQVLELOLGDGH
GDV FpOXODV j LQVXOLQD R HVWtPXOR GR PHWDEROLVPR GRV
FDUERLGUDWRV D PHOKRUD GR SHU¿O OLStGLFR GR VDQJXH D
UHGXomR GD VHQVLELOLGDGH GRV YDVRV H GR PLRFiUGLR j
DomRGDDGUHQDOLQDRHVWtPXORD¿EULQyOLVHHDUHGXomR
GR HVWUHVVH HPRFLRQDO $ SUiWLFD GR H[HUFtFLR KDELWXDO
SURPRYHWDPEpPXPDUHODomRLQYHUVDHQWUHGRHQoDFR
ronariana e morte.
– Obesidade:DSHUGDGHSHVRSRGHVHUREWLGDWDQWR
SRU H[HUFtFLRV DHUyELRV SHUGD LPHGLDWD  TXDQWR SHORV
DQDHUyELRV SHUGD HP UHSRXVRUHFXSHUDomR  SRWHQFLD
OL]DQGR VHXV HIHLWRV FRP XPD GLHWD KLSRFDOyULFD QmR
SRGHPRV HVTXHFHU TXH QR WUDWDPHQWR GH REHVLGDGH p
QHFHVViULDXPDLQWHUYHQomRPXOWLGLVFLSOLQDUSRLVDREH
VLGDGH p XPD GRHQoD FRPSOH[D FDXVDGD SRU GLYHUVRV
fatores.
– Diabetes: D DWLYLGDGH ItVLFD QmR Vy DX[LOLD D FDS
WDomRGHJOLFRVHGXUDQWHRVH[HUFtFLRVPDVWDPEpPQR
FDVRGRDXPHQWRGDVHQVLELOLGDGHLQVXOtQLFDQRVP~VFX
ORV2VH[HUFtFLRVFRPSHVRVSDUHFHPVHUSDUWLFXODUPHQ
WHPDLV~WHLVSRUFDXVDGRDXPHQWRGDPDVVDPXVFXODUR
TXHOHYDDXPDPDLRUTXDQWLGDGHGHWHFLGRFDSWDGRUGH
glicose mesmo em repouso.
– Distúrbios posturais e doenças pulmonares crôni-
cas: DDWLYLGDGHItVLFDGHVHPSHQKDLPSRUWDQWHSDSHOQD
‡•‡$UTXLYRV_
UHFXSHUDomRGDVDSWLG}HV2VH[HUFtFLRVTXHSURPRYHP
DXPHQWR GH IRUoD H HODVWLFLGDGH PXVFXODU VmR RV TXH
SHUPLWHPPDLRUDGDSWDomRjVOLPLWDo}HVH[LVWHQWHV
– Osteoporose: D DWLYLGDGH ItVLFD p IXQGDPHQWDO
FRPRSDUWHGRWUDWDPHQWRSRLVDUHPLQHUDOL]DomRyVVHD
DXPHQWD TXDQGR R LQGLYtGXR p VXEPHWLGR D DWLYLGDGHV
GHLPSDFWRLVVRDVVRFLDGRjGLHWDDOLPHQWDUHPHGLFD
omRDMXGDDHVWDFLRQDUDGHVPLQHUDOL]DomRyVVHD
– Fibromialgia: SRU PHLR GH H[HUFtFLRV ItVLFRV
SRGHVH SURPRYHU XP UHOD[DPHQWR QRV ORFDLV GH GRU
EHP FRPR XPD PHOKRUD GRV VLQWRPDV H GD TXDOLGDGH
GHYLGD2VH[HUFtFLRVItVLFRVQDILEURPLDOJLDDOpPGH
SURPRYHUXPPHOKRUFRQGLFLRQDPHQWRFDUGLRYDVFXODU
DWXDPVREUHRVLVWHPDPXVFXORHVTXHOpWLFRRXVHMDID
YRUHFHPDPRELOLGDGHGHJUXSRVPXVFXODUHVTXHVHHQ
FRQWUDPHPFRQWUDomRSURORQJDGDSURPRYHPRDORQ
JDPHQWRGHWHQG}HVPHOKRUDPRHTXLOtEULRGXUDQWHD
PDUFKDHQILPID]HPDSHVVRDVHQWLUVHPHOKRUHPDLV
VDXGiYHO
– Reumatismo: QD PDLRULD GRV FDVRV R H[HUFtFLR
TXDQGRUHDOL]DGRQDMXYHQWXGHRXQDLGDGHDGXOWDLP
SHGH D LQVWDODomR GH YtFLRV SRVWXUDLV RX GH XVR TXH
OHYDUmRjSLRUDGDGRHQoDQRIXWXUR$IRUoDHRW{QXV
PXVFXODUDXPHQWDPRTXHLPSHGHDPDQLIHVWDomRGD
GRUHPERUDDGRHQoDWHQKDVHHVWDEHOHFLGRHPGHWHU
PLQDGDDUWLFXODomR
(PRXWUDVSDODYUDVWRGRVRVLQGLYtGXRVTXHWrPGR
UHV ORFDOL]DGDV TXDQGR ID]HP H[HUFtFLRV TXH SURPR
YHP DXPHQWR GD PDVVD PXVFXODU DR UHGRU GD DUWLFXOD
omRFRPSURPHWLGDGHVHQYROYHPXPDHVWDELOLGDGHQHVVD
DUWLFXODomR TXH OKHV SHUPLWH XViOD VHP GRU 3RUWDQWR
D WHUDSrXWLFD SHOR H[HUFtFLR VHMD SHOD ¿VLRWHUDSLD VHMD
SHODDWLYLGDGHItVLFDDSyVDLVHQomRGDGRUWUD]JUDQGHV
EHQHItFLRVWDQWRSDUDWUDWDPHQWRFRPRSDUDSUHYHQomRGH
GRUHVIXWXUDV
RISCOS DA ATIVIDADE FÍSICA
$SUiWLFDUHJXODUGHDWLYLGDGHVItVLFDVVHPRVWUDPXL
WR EHQp¿FD SRUpP GHYHPRV FRQVLGHUDU DOJXQV ULVFRV
SRUWDQWR ID]VH LPSRUWDQWH XPD DYDOLDomR FOtQLFD H It
VLFD FRP R ¿P GH GLDJQRVWLFDU SDWRORJLDV RX TXDOTXHU
SDUWLFXODULGDGH GR LQGLYtGXR SDUD TXH D DWLYLGDGH VHMD
FRRUGHQDGDGHPDQHLUDDUHVSHLWDURVOLPLWHVHDLQGLYL
GXDOLGDGHGHFDGDXP
CONCLUSÃO
$SHVDUGRVEHQHItFLRVGHVFULWRVREVHUYRXVHQDV~O
WLPDV GpFDGDV XPD UHGXomR VLJQL¿FDWLYD GR Q~PHUR GH
SUDWLFDQWHV GH DWLYLGDGHV ItVLFDV H SDUDOHODPHQWH YHP
RFRUUHQGR XP DXPHQWR QD SUHYDOrQFLD GD REHVLGDGH H
RXWUDV SDWRORJLDV D HOD DVVRFLDGDV R TXH GHVHQFDGHLD
SURFHVVRVGRORURVRVQRLQGLYtGXR
&RPRHQWmRLQWURGX]LUDDWLYLGDGHItVLFDUHJXODUQD
URWLQDGLiULDGHVVHVLQGLYtGXRV"
'HDFRUGRFRPRJXLDGHRULHQWDomRGLHWpWLFDGH
SXEOLFDGR SHOR 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH 6D~GH DPHULFDQR DV
SHVVRDVSRGHPVHUGLYLGLGDVHPWUrVJUXSRVVHJXQGRR
JUDXGHDWLYLGDGHItVLFD
– Sedentárias:TXDQGRDDWLYLGDGHpOHYHSUDWLFDPHQ
WHOLPLWDGDjVVROLFLWDo}HVGDYLGDGLiULD VHQWDUHOHYDQ
WDUVXELUHVFDGDVHWF 
– Moderadamente ativas: TXDQGR DQGDP GH  D
NPSRUGLDHPPLQXWRVRXVREHPPLQXWRVGH
HVFDGDDOpPGHH[HFXWDUDVDWLYLGDGHVGRGLDDGLD
– Ativas: TXDQGR DQGDP PDLV GH  NP SRU GLD j
YHORFLGDGHGHDNPSRUKRUDRXVREHPPDLVGH
PLQXWRVGHHVFDGDDOpPGDVDWLYLGDGHVGLiULDV
3RUWDQWRSDUDTXHXPLQGLYtGXRVHGHQWiULRSDVVHDVHU
FRQVLGHUDGRXPLQGLYtGXRDWLYRVmRQHFHVViULRVDSHQDV
PLQXWRVGHDWLYLGDGHItVLFDQXPGLDGHKRUDV6HHOHQmR
WHPWHPSRSDUDLVVRDLQGDOKHUHVWDDDOWHUQDWLYDGHIUDFLR
QDUHVVHVQ~PHURVDQGDUPLQXWRVGXDVYH]HVSRUGLDRX
VXELUHVFDGDVGXUDQWHPLQXWRVWUrVYH]HVSRUGLD
Todo indivíduo, portanto, tem condições de iniciar
um programa de atividade física e, assim, transformar o
sentimento de dor em um sentimento de felicidade.
REFERÊNCIAS
 0HG6FL6SRUWV([HUF1RY 6XSSO 6
 -DFRE)LOKR:3URPRomRGD6D~GHGR,GRVRXPGHVD¿RLQWHUGLVFL
SOLQDU6mR3DXOR(GLWRUD/HPRV
3. 6DQWDUpP -RVp 0DULD ([HUFtFLR H VD~GH ZZZVDXGHWRWDOFRPEU

 6DQWDUpP-RVp0DULD+LSHUWUR¿DPXVFXODUDSWLGmRItVLFDVD~GHH
TXDOLGDGHGHYLGDZZZVDXGHWRWDOFRPEU
 0F&DUGOH:'.DWFK),.DWFK9/)LVLRORJLDGRH[HUFtFLRHQHUJLD
QXWULomRHGHVHPSHQKRKXPDQRHG*XDQDEDUD.RRJDQ
 0HG6FL6SRUWV([HUF1RY 6XSSO 6
 ZZZGUDX]LRYDUHOODLJFRPEr
8. ZZZ¿EURPLDOJLDFRPEr
 ZZZVDXGHWRWDOFRPEr