A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL

BRASILEIRO

CRISTIANO DA SILVA BUSS

RESUMO

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incentivados pela Coroa e, por isso, estes procedimentos de investigação e de educação eram não
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foram registrados nesta época comandados por parcos visionários que se aventuraram na tentativa
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INTRODUÇÃO
Como foi que as ciências, de modo geral, foram conduzidas nos primeiros séculos de nosso
país, enquanto ainda éramos colônia de Portugal? Para tentar responder a essa pergunta, é neces-
sário percorrer os acontecimentos relacionados ao ensino e à pesquisa ocorridos nestes primeiros
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PRPHQWRVRVSDVVRVHXURSHXV2VPRGHORVDSOLFDGRVHPQRVVRSDtVHUDPFRSLDGRVGHLQVWLWXLo}HV
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o seguinte entendimento sobre este tema:

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GRUHVWRGD(XURSD62&,('$'(%5$6,/(,5$'()Ë6,&$S

EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185 91

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

(PRXWUDVSDODYUDVDSROtWLFDFLHQWt¿FDHHGXFDFLRQDOEUDVLOHLUDHUDIRUWHPHQWHUHVWULWDGHYLGR
aos interesses dos nossos colonizadores em manter o domínio sobre a colônia e, quando foi interes-
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horária total nos programas dos educandários do Império e não eram pré-requisitos para o ingresso
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A partir daqui, será feito um percurso detalhado sobre o modo como as Ciências foram con-
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O BRASIL COLÔNIA
Os primeiros registros de ensino no Brasil estão diretamente relacionados à fundação da
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modo geral, de cada matéria de ensino, incluía também, às regras da prova escrita, da distribuição de prêmios, do debel, dos alunos
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92 EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

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formar a cidade de Recife numa capital moderna construindo, para isso, canais, diques, pontes, o
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Figura 1 - Capa do livro Historia Naturalis Brasiliae. Fonte: RODRÍGUEZ, 2015, p. 4.

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EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185 93

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

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94 EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

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EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185 95

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

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96 EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

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liberdade foram alguns dos motivos para que esse reduto se organizasse a ponto de iniciarem uma
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e trabalho fundamentalmente agrário para uma condição mais urbana e industrial, as cadeiras de
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gistrar que aulas avulsas de Ciências eram ministradas no programa de curso do Seminário e estas
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O plano de estudo começava com primeiras letras e canto, sendo que o ingresso nas aulas de can-
to era por indicação do reitor ou dos padres, passava ao estudo da gramática latina, dividida em
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etapa do cronograma de estudo que era a teologia, dividida em teologia escolástica, teologia es-
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permanência da Corte portuguesa, um grande passo no sentido de criar uma atmosfera de cultura
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na capital do Império, a Imprensa Régia é fundada bem como é inaugurada a primeira biblioteca
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Como a necessidade era produzir médicos e engenheiros para que o governo português reor-

EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185 97

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

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e, também, pelas inúmeras presenças de naturalistas estrangeiros que percorriam o Brasil em busca
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Até poderia se pensar que com a necessidade de engenheiros, haveria um empenho e certa
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CONCLUSÃO
'HWXGRRTXHIRLH[SRVWRDFLPDpSRVVtYHOFRQFOXLUTXHDSHVTXLVDHRHQVLQRGH&LrQFLDV
GXUDQWHR3HUtRGR&RORQLDOSUDWLFDPHQWHQmRH[LVWLX1mRKRXYHLQWHUHVVHGDSDUWHGRVFRORQL]DGR-
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Wt¿FRVGHSHVVRDVTXHWLQKDPRJRVWRSHOD&LrQFLD3RUpPQDGDGRTXHDFRQWHFHXHTXHIRLDTXL
relatado constituiu qualquer movimento capaz de incentivar ou fomentar práticas mais efetivas de
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Os acontecimentos apáticos em relação à pesquisa e ao ensino das Ciências, de um modo
geral, começam a tomar outras formas, tanto na ideologia quanto na postura dos administradores,
VRPHQWHDSDUWLUGD3URFODPDomRGD5HS~EOLFD$SUHVHQoDGD&RUWHSRUWXJXHVDQR%UDVLOMXQWDPHQ-
WHFRPDVQRWtFLDVGRVPRYLPHQWRVSROtWLFRVHSRSXODUHVYLQGRVGD)UDQoDRFDVLRQRXDOYRURoRVHP
nossa pátria na direção de uma maior autonomia que culminou com a Independência do Brasil em


98 EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

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&RQIRUPH$OPHLGD-~QLRUDLQDXJXUDomRGR&ROOHJLRVLJQL¿FRX³XPH[FHOHQWHHVWDEH-
lecimento de ensino secundário que serve de modelo para todas as escolas da Côrte, foi um marco
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de ensino e veio trazer a esperança da construção de uma base de lideres e intelectuais para a edi-
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REFERÊNCIAS
$/0(,'$-Ò1,25-RmR%DSWLVWDGH$HYROXomRGRHQVLQRGHItVLFDQR%UDVLORevista de Ensino
de FísicaYQSRXW'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZVE¿VLFDRUJEUUEHISGI
YRODSGI!$FHVVRHPMXO
$=(9('2)HUQDQGRGHA cultura brasileiraLQWURGXomRDRHVWXGRGDFXOWXUDQR%UDVLOHG
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&255(,$1HVWRU$KLVWyULDGDItVLFDQDHGXFDomREUDVLOHLUDRevista HISTEDBR2QOLQHQ
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$FHVVRHPMXO
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'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSZZZVFLHOREUSGIFLHGXYQDYQSGI!$FHVVRHPGH]
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GVSXFSWMVSXLELWVWUHDP

EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185 99

 A PESQUISA E O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NO PERÍODO COLONIAL
BRASILEIRO

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100 EDUCAR MAIS|Revista Eletrônica do PRONECIM |e-ISSN 2237-9185