Você está na página 1de 9

Aula

SAUSSURE E BAKHTIN:
10
OS (DES)CAMINHOS DA LINGÜÍSTICA

META
Retomar os caminhos da Lingüística, segundo a visão de Saussure e os contrapor à
visão de Bakhtin.

OBJETIVOS
Ao final desta aula, o aluno deverá:
contrapor, com base em Saussure e Bakhtin, as seguintes perspectivas:
o conceito de signo lingüístico; a concepção de linguagem; a definição de língua.
O aluno também deverá diferenciar monologismo de dialogismo.

PRÉ-REQUISITOS
Compreensão dos conceitos saussurianos de signo lingüístico, língua, fala e linguagem.

6DXVVXUH  )RQWH KWWS 0LNKDLO%DNKWLQ )RQWHKWWS


ZZZYLHZLPDJHVFRP  ZZZIDFXOW\VWDIIRXHGX 
Linguistica

,1752'8d®2

9RFr VHUi DSUHVHQWDGR QHVWD DXOD D DOJXQV GRV SRVLFLRQDPHQWRV


WHyULFRVGH0LNKDLO0LNKDLORYLFK%DNKWLQ  1RVVRREMHWLYRp
FRQWUDSRUHVVDVFRQFHSo}HVFRPDVTXHYRFrMiFRQKHFHGH6DXVVXUH
%DNKWLQ p XP ÀOyVRIR GD OLQJXDJHP H VXD FRQFHSomR QD iUHD GD
/LQJtVWLFDYDLDOpPGDYLVmRGHOtQJXDFRPRVLVWHPD(QWUHVXDVREUDVPDLV
GHVWDFDGDVDSRQWDPVH2PpWRGRIRUPDOQRVHVWXGRVOLWHUiULRV(VWpWLFDGDFULDomR
Rosângela
Hammes YHUEDO LQFOXLQGRXPFDStWXORPXLWRHVWXGDGR²2VJrQHURVGRGLVFXUVR 
3UREOHPDVGDSRpWLFDGH'RVWRLHYVNL0DU[LVPRH)LORVRÀDGD/LQJXDJHP XPGRV
Doutora em PDLVSHVTXLVDGRVHFLWDGRV 
Lingüística Aplica- (VVH~OWLPROLYURDSHVDUGHWHUVLGRHVFULWRQDGpFDGDGHWUD]
da e Estudos da Lin- DVVXQWRVGHXPDDWXDOLGDGHVXUSUHHQGHQWHHWHPFDUiWHULQWHUGLVFLSOLQDU
guagem e profes-so-
$ERUGD XPD QRYD YLVmR GH VLJQR GH OLQJXDJHP GH FRPXQLFDomR H GH
ra da Universidade
Federal de Santa LGHRORJLD
Cata-rina. Pesquisa, 6HJXQGR5RVkQJHOD+DPPHV5RGULJXHV
princi-palmente, os
gêneros do discur- HPERUDRVWH[WRVGR&tUFXORGH%DNKWLQWHQKDPVLGRSURGX]LGRV
so, ensino/apren- HQWUHHDVXDGLYXOJDomRHIHWLYDYDLVHLQLFLDUVRPHQWHD
dizagem de língua SDUWLUGDPHWDGHHGRÀQDOGDGpFDGDGHQDH[8QLmR6RYLpWLFD
materna, produção  SRLVRVUXPRVSROtWLFRVGDGpFDGDGHGDTXHOHSDtVOHYDUDP
tex-tual, letramento,
RV PHPEURV GR &tUFXOR DR REVFXUDQWLVPR DWp PHDGRV GH 
forma-ção de pro-
52'5,*8(6S 
fessores e Mikhail
Bakhtin.
1R2FLGHQWHVHXVWUDEDOKRVVyIRUDPSURJUHVVLYDPHQWHFRQKHFLGRV
Círculo de Bakhtin DSDUWLUGDGpFDGDGHHVHXSUHVWtJLRYDLVHUDVVLQDODGRQRVDQRV1D
DWXDOLGDGHVHXVWUDEDOKRVLQÁXHQFLDUDPDViUHDVPDLVGLYHUVDV/LQJtVWLFD
Grupo de pesqui- $QiOLVHGR'LVFXUVR/LWHUDWXUD)LORVRÀDH3HGDJRJLD
sadores (Bakhtin,
Voloshinov, Med-
vedev) que se reuniu
regularmente entre
1919 e 1974.
$QWHVGHDSUHVHQWDUDFRQWULEXLomRGH%DNKWLQSDUDRVHVWXGRVOLQJtVWL
FRVYDPRVUHOHPEUDUDOJXQVSRVLFLRQDPHQWRVVDXVVXULDQRV

)(5',1$1''(6$86685(

6DXVVXUH  FRPSDUDDOLQJXDJHPDXPDPRHGDDSUHVHQWDQGRDV


GXDVIDFHVLQWHUGHSHQGHQWHVRODGRVRFLDO OtQJXD HRODGRLQGLYLGXDO IDOD 
eXPDIDFXOGDGHFRPXPDWRGRVRVKRPHQV(PERUDHOHFRQVLGHUHDOtQJXD
FRPRRODGRVRFLDOGDOLQJXDJHPQmRDHVWXGDUiVREHVVDSHUVSHFWLYDSRLV
WRPDUiDOtQJXDHPVHXFDUiWHULPDQHQWHFRPRXPVLVWHPDHPTXHDVSDUWHV
VmRVROLGiULDVHQWUHVL/HPEUDVHGHVXDGHÀQLomRQDDXOD"

122
Saussure e Bakhtin: os (des)caminhos da Lingüística
Aula

0DVRTXHpOtQJXD"3DUDQyVHODQmRVHFRQIXQGHFRPDOLQJXDJHP
pVRPHQWHXPDSDUWHGHWHUPLQDGDHVVHQFLDOGHODLQGXELWDYHOPHQWH
eDRPHVPRWHPSRXPSURGXWRVRFLDOGDIDFXOGDGHGHOLQJXDJHP
10
H XP FRQMXQWR GH FRQYHQo}HV QHFHVViULDV DGRWDGDV SHOR FRUSR
VRFLDO SDUD SHUPLWLU R H[HUFtFLR GHVVD IDFXOGDGH QRV LQGLYtGXRV
6$86685(S 

(QWUHDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGDOtQJXDHOHDÀUPDTXHHODpSDVVLYDRXVHMD
DVXDDTXLVLomRQHFHVVLWDXQLFDPHQWHGDVIDFXOGDGHVUHFHSWRUDVGRHVStULWR
VREUHWXGRGDPHPyULDQmRpFULDGDQHPPRGLÀFDGDSHORLQGLYtGXRSRLV
pXPFyGLJRFRPXPDRFRQMXQWRGHLQGLYtGXRV
&RQIRUPHHVWiUHJLVWUDGRQDDXODSRGHPRVLGHQWLÀFDUQDREUDGH
6DXVVXUHXPDYLVmRWUtSOLFHGDOtQJXD
D/tQJXDFRPRDFHUYROLQJtVWLFRpXPDHVSpFLHGHEHPFRPXP
TXHSHUWHQFHDWRGRVRVLQGLYtGXRVeXPDJUDPiWLFDRXXPGLFLRQiULRTXH
H[LVWHYLUWXDOPHQWHQDPHPyULDGRIDODQWH
D/tQJXDFRPRLQVWLWXLomRVRFLDOpXPSURGXWRVRFLDOSHUWHQFHj
FROHWLYLGDGH2FRUSRVRFLDODGRWDXPFRQMXQWRGHFRQYHQo}HVSDUDSHUPLWLU
RH[HUFtFLRGDOLQJXDJHP
D/tQJXDFRPRUHDOLGDGHVLVWHPiWLFDHIXQFLRQDOpXPFRQMXQWRGH
VLJQRVFRPQRUPDVGHFRPELQDomRGLUHFLRQDGDVSDUDXPDÀQDOLGDGHSRU
LVVRHODpVLVWHPiWLFDHIXQFLRQDO
4XDQWRjIDODpXPDWRGHYRQWDGHHLQWHOLJrQFLDGRLQGLYtGXReR
XVR TXH FDGD LQGLYtGXR ID] GH VXD OtQJXD $VVLP ´SRGHPRV GLVWLQJXLU
SULPHLURDVFRPELQDo}HVSHODVTXDLVRIDODQWHUHDOL]DRFyGLJRGDOtQJXD
QRSURSyVLWRGHH[SULPLURVHXSHQVDPHQWRSHVVRDO6HJXQGRSHUFHEHPRV
RPHFDQLVPRSVLFRItVLFRTXHOKHSHUPLWHH[WHULRUL]DUHVVDVFRPELQDo}HVµ
6$86685(S 1RFDPSRGD/LQJtVWLFD6DXVVXUHFRQVLGHUDD Mikhail Bakhtin
IDODFRPRVHQGRVHFXQGiULD
Lingüista russo, nas-
2VLJQROLQJtVWLFRpXPDHQWLGDGHSVtTXLFDRXPHOKRURVLJQLÀFDQWHQmR
cido em Orel (1895
pRVRPPDWHULDOPDVDLPDJHPDF~VWLFDTXHYHLFXODRVLJQLÀFDGRpDH[SUHVVmR - 1975). Seu trab-
I{QLFD alho é consi-derado
$LPDJHPDF~VWLFDOLJDVHDXPDUHPLQLVFrQFLDGRVRPTXHRXYLPRV influente na área
QDQRVVDLPDJLQDomRQmRpDSDODYUDUHDOIDODGD2VLJQLÀFDGRpDLPDJHP de teoria literária,
SVtTXLFD TXHWHPRVDUPD]HQDGDQDPHPyULDVREUHRPXQGRUHDORXFXO crítica literária,
sociolingüística,
WXUDOpRFRQWH~GRVHPkQWLFR
análise do discurso
e semiótica. É na
0,.+$,/%$.+7,1 verdade um filó-
sofo da linguagem
e sua lingüística é
3DUD %DNKWLQ 3('526$   D OLQJXDJHP SHUPHLD WRGD D YLGD
considerada uma
VRFLDOH[HUFHQGRXPSDSHOSUHSRQGHUDQWHQDIRUPDomRVRFLRSROtWLFDHQRV “translingüística”
VLVWHPDVLGHROyJLFRV(QWUHDVFDWHJRULDVFHQWUDLVQDREUDEDNKWLQLDQDHVWmR por-que ultrapassa
DVQRo}HVGHOLQJXDJHPLQWHUDomRGLDORJLVPRHLGHRORJLD3ULQFLSDOPHQWH a visão de língua
QDREUD0DU[LVPRH)LORVRÀDGD/LQJXDJHP %$.+7,1 DSRVLomR como sistema.

123
Linguistica

EDNKWLQLDQDpFODUDDRUHEDWHUDQRomRGHOtQJXDVXVWHQWDGDQRREMHWLYLVPR
6DXVVXUH RXQRVXEMHWLYLVPR
$OLQJXDJHPpGHQDWXUH]DVRFLRLGHROyJLFDHWXGR´TXHpLGHROyJLFRSRV
VXLXPVLJQLÀFDGRHUHPHWHDDOJRVLWXDGRIRUDGHVLPHVPRµ %$.+7,1
SGHVWDTXHGRDXWRU $LGHRORJLDpXPUHÁH[RGDVHVWUXWXUDV
VRFLDLVHHQWUHOLQJXDJHPHVRFLHGDGHH[LVWHPUHODo}HVGLQkPLFDVHFRP
SOH[DVTXHVHPDWHULDOL]DPQRVGLVFXUVRV
%DNKWLQFULWLFDRREMHWLYLVPRDEVWUDWRGH6DXVVXUHHRVXEMHWLYLVPR
LGHDOLVWDGH+XPEROGWQRVHVWXGRVOLQJtVWLFRVQDPHGLGDHPTXHQmRDFHLWD
DOtQJXDFRPRVLPSOHVFyGLJRQHPDSULPD]LDGRVXMHLWRFRPRLQGLYtGXR
SRLVFRQIRUPHVHXVDUJXPHQWRVVHPSUHIDODPRVRXHVFUHYHPRVSDUDDO
JXpPHPDOJXPDFLUFXQVWkQFLDVRFLDOPDLVDPSODGHFDUiWHUFRPXQLFDWLYR
(PRSRVLomRDRREMHWLYLVPRDEVWUDWRHOHGHIHQGHH[SOLFLWDPHQWHTXH´D
SDODYUDHVWiVHPSUHFDUUHJDGDGHXPFRQWH~GRRXGHXPVHQWLGRLGHROyJLFR
RXYLYHQFLDOµ %$.+7,1SGHVWDTXHGRDXWRU HREVHUYDTXH
XPGRVHUURVPDLVJURVVHLURVGHVVHREMHWLYLVPRpVHSDUDUDOtQJXDGHVHX
FRQWH~GRLGHROyJLFR

$SULPHLUDHGLomRGDREUD0DU[LVPRH)LORVRÀDGD/LQJXD
JHPIRLSXEOLFDGDFRPDDVVLQDWXUDGH9RORFKLQRYHSRVWHUL
RUPHQWHLGHQWLÀFDGDFRPRGHDXWRULDGH%DNKWLQ

2VXEMHWLYLVPRLQGLYLGXDOLVWDFRPRSRQWRGHSDUWLGDSDUDDUHÁH[mR
VREUHDOtQJXDDSyLDVHQDHQXQFLDomRPRQROyJLFD5HEDWHQGRHVVDSRVWXUD
URPkQWLFD%DNKWLQ  DVVHYHUDTXHQDUHDOLGDGHDVSDODYUDVGHYHPVHU
YLVWDVFRPGXDVIDFHVXPDYH]TXHUHVXOWDPGDLQWHUDomRHQWUHORFXWRUH
RXYLQWH(OHUHFRQKHFHTXH´RVXEMHWLYLVPRLQGLYLGXDOLVWDWHPWRGDDUD]mR
TXDQGRGL]TXHQmRVHSRGHLVRODUXPDIRUPDOLQJtVWLFDGRVHXFRQWH~GR
LGHROyJLFR7RGDSDODYUDpLGHROyJLFDHWRGDXWLOL]DomRHVWiOLJDGDjHYROXomR
LGHROyJLFDµ %$.+7,1S (QWUHWDQWRVHJXQGRRDXWRURVVXE
MHWLYLVWDVHVWmRHTXLYRFDGRVTXDQGRDÀUPDPTXHHVVHFRQWH~GRLGHROyJLFR
SRGHVHUGHGX]LGRGDVFRQGLo}HVGRSVLTXLVPRLQGLYLGXDO
&RWHMDQGRVHXSRVLFLRQDPHQWRFRPDVGXDVSRVWXUDV%DNKWLQH[S}H
FRPHVWDVSDODYUDVVXDWHVHFHQWUDO

$YHUGDGHLUDVXEVWkQFLDGDOtQJXDQmRpFRQVWLWXtGDSRUXPVLVWHPD
DEVWUDWRGHIRUPDVOLQJtVWLFDVQHPSHODHQXQFLDomRPRQROyJLFDH
LVRODGDQHPSHORDWRSVLFRÀVLROyJLFRGHVXDSURGXomRPDVSHOR
IHQ{PHQRVRFLDOGDLQWHUDomRYHUEDOUHDOL]DGDDWUDYpVGDHQXQFLDomR
RXGDVHQXQFLDo}HV$LQWHUDomRYHUEDOFRQVWLWXLDVVLPDUHDOLGDGH
IXQGDPHQWDOGDOtQJXD %$.+7,1S 

124
Saussure e Bakhtin: os (des)caminhos da Lingüística
Aula

(PUHVXPR´DOtQJXDYLYHHHYROXLKLVWRULFDPHQWHQDFRPXQLFDomR
YHUEDOFRQFUHWDQmRQRVLVWHPDOLQJtVWLFRDEVWUDWRGDVIRUPDVGDOtQJXD
QHP QR SVLTXLVPR LQGLYLGXDO GRV IDODQWHVµ %$.+7,1  S 
10
Dialogismo
GHVWDTXHGRDXWRU  discursivo
$VVLP D OtQJXD FRQVWLWXL XP SURFHVVR H FRPR WDO DSUHVHQWD XPD
HYROXomRLQLQWHUUXSWDTXHVHFRQFUHWL]DFRPRLQWHUDomRYHUERVRFLDOGRV Bakhtin defende
que um texto é con-
ORFXWRUHV3RULVVRpTXHVHSRGHDÀUPDUTXHDVOHLVGDHYROXomRGDOtQJXD stituído de muitas
VmROHLVVRFLROyJLFDV´$VFODVVHVVRFLDLVXWLOL]DPDOtQJXDGHDFRUGRFRPRV vozes (polifonia ou
VHXVYDORUHVHDQWDJRQLVPRV'DOtQJXDFRPSOH[DHYLYDVXUJHPRVGLVFXUVRV dialogismo), o dia-
LGHROyJLFRVµ %$5526S $VVLP´RVLJQRVHWRUQDDDUHQDRQGH lo-gismo pode ser
VHGHVHQYROYHDOXWDGHFODVVHVµ %$.+7,1S  a intera-ção entre o
&DWHJRULDUHOHYDQWHQHVVHFRQWH[WRWHyULFRpDQRomRGHGLDORJLVPR locutor e o interloc-
utor do texto; ou a
FRPRSULQFtSLRIXQGDGRUGDOLQJXDJHPWRGDOLQJXDJHPpGLDOyJLFDLVWRp intertextualidade no
WRGRHQXQFLDGRpVHPSUHXPHQXQFLDGRGHXPORFXWRUSDUDVHXLQWHUORFX interior do discurso.
WRU(VVDQRomRGHGLDORJLVPR GRGLiORJRGRORFXWRUFRPVHXLQWHUORFXWRU 
QHJDDYLVmRPRQROyJLFDGDOLQJXDJHP
Monologismo
R DXWRU %DNKWLQ  DFUHGLWD TXH R PRQRORJLVPR UHJH D FXOWXUD
LGHROyJLFD GRV WHPSRV PRGHUQRV H D HOH RS}H R GLDORJLVPR Um texto é visto
como só tendo uma
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDHVVHQFLDOGDOLQJXDJHPHSULQFtSLRFRQVWLWXWLYRPXLWDV
voz que controla seu
YH]HVPDVFDUDGRGHWRGRGLVFXUVR2GLDORJLVPRpDFRQGLomRGR sentido, sem nego-
VHQWLGRGRGLVFXUVRµ %DUURVS  ciação. As outras
vozes do texto se
3DUD%DNKWLQQmRKiDODYUDVHPYDORULGHROyJLFR ´DSDODYUDpRVLJQR ocultam.
LGHROyJLFRSRUH[FHOrQFLDµ SRLVDOtQJXDpFRQWLQXDPHQWHDIHWDGDSHORTXH
OKHpH[WHULRU$VVLPHOHDVVXPHTXHRVLJQROLQJtVWLFRpXPVLJQRVRFLDOH
Ideologia
LGHROyJLFR´TXHS}HHPUHODomRDFRQVFLrQFLDLQGLYLGXDOFRPDLQWHUDFomR
VRFLDO2SHQVDPHQWRLQGLYLGXDOQmRFULDLGHRORJLDpDLGHRORJLDTXHFULD Conjunto de con-
SHQVDPHQWRLQGLYLGXDOµ&RPRVHH[SUHVVD6WHOOD vicções filosóficas,
sociais, políticas
SDODYUDpSURGXWRLGHROyJLFRYLYRIXQFLRQDQGRHPTXDOTXHUVLWXDomR etc., de um indi-
VRFLDO OHLDVHDTXLLGHROyJLFD WRUQDQGRVHVLJQRLGHROyJLFRSRUTXH víduo ou grupo de
DFXPXOD DV HQWRDo}HV GR GLiORJR YLYR GRV LQWHUORFXWRUHV FRP RV indivíduos.
YDORUHVVRFLDLVFRQFHQWUDQGRHPVHXERMRDVOHQWDVPRGLÀFDo}HV
RFRUULGDVQDEDVHGDVRFLHGDGHHDRPHVPRWHPSRSUHVVLRQDQGR
XPDPXGDQoDQDVHVWUXWXUDVVRFLDLVHVWDEHOHFLGDV 67(//$
S 

&2175$321726$86685(;%$.+7,1

9DPRVDFRPSDQKDUFRPRDOJXQVDXWRUHVYLUDPHVVHFRQWUDSRQWRHQWUH
6DXVVXUHH%DNKWLQ

125
Linguistica

DOtQJXDHP6DXVVXUHpVLVWHPiWLFDREMHWLYDKRPRJrQHDRTXHWRUQD
GLItFLOVXDUHODomRWmRHVWUHLWDFRPXPH[WHULRUTXHID]SDUWHGHOD
3RLVEHPRFRQFHLWRGHOtQJXDGH%DNKWLQFRQIURQWDVHFRPRGH
6DXVVXUHTXHpGLUHWDPHQWHTXHVWLRQDGRSRUDTXHOHDXWRUSRUUHWLUDU
GDOtQJXDVHXFDUiWHULGHROyJLFRFRQVLGHUDQGRRVLJQRFRPYDORU
LPXWiYHOLPDQHQWH 0(1'21d$S 

&RQIRUPH 0HQGRQoD   R FRQFHLWR GH OtQJXD GHIHQGLGR SRU


%DNKWLQWDPEpPLQFOXLDIDOD(VVDpXPDSRVWXUDLQWHUHVVDQWHSRLV6DX
VVXUHDH[FOXLGRkPELWRGD/LQJtVWLFDSRUTXHDFRQVLGHUDRHVSDoRGR
KHWHURJrQHRGR´LQGLYLGXDOµORJRXPREVWiFXORjVLVWHPDWL]DomRHDRID]HU
FLHQWtÀFRHQTXDQWRDOtQJXDHUDRHVSDoRGHKRPRJHQHL]DomRHUDSDVVtYHO
GHVHWRUQDUREMHWRGDFLrQFLD/LQJtVWLFD
1R(VWUXWXUDOLVPRRVXMHLWRGDOLQJXDJHPQmRHUDFRJLWDGRMiSDUD
%DNKWLQRVXMHLWRH[LVWHQDOLQJXDJHPHPVHXGLiORJRFRPRRXWUR GLDOR
JLVPR 2DXWRUVRYLpWLFRGHIHQGHTXHWRGDH[SUHVVmRGHXPIDODQWHQmR
SHUWHQFHVyDHOHSRLVHPTXDOTXHUGLVFXUVRVmRLGHQWLÀFDGDVYR]HVVRFLDLV
TXHWHFHPRWH[WR

GHDFRUGRFRPRDXWRU>%DNKWLQ@QDOtQJXDYLVWDFRPRREMHWRGD
OLQJtVWLFDQmRKiHQmRSRGHKDYHUTXDLVTXHUUHODo}HVGLDOyJLFDV
GLDORJLVPR SRLVHODVVmRLPSRVVtYHLVHQWUHRVHOHPHQWRVGDOtQJXD
QRWH[WRHPHVPRHQWUHRVHOHPHQWRVGR´WH[WRµHRVWH[WRVQRVHX
HQIRTXHULJRURVDPHQWHOLQJtVWLFR 52'5,*8(6S 

0DLVRXWURSRVLFLRQDPHQWR

%DNKWLQ XP FUtWLFR GD SRVWXUD GH 6DXVVXUH WUD] SDUD R FHQiULR
GRVHVWXGRVOLQJtVWLFRVDQRomRGHFRPXQLFDomRVRFLDO$ÀUPDYD
R YLVLRQiULR TXH D YHUGDGHLUD VXEVWkQFLD GD OtQJXD p FRQVWLWXtGD
SHOR IHQ{PHQR VRFLDO GD LQWHUDomR YHUEDO H DWXDOL]DGD DWUDYpV GD
HQXQFLDomRRXGDVHQXQFLDo}HV 3('526$S 

(QFHUUDPRVHQWmRDDXODFRPDVFLWDo}HVDEDL[R

2SRQWRFRQJUXHQWHHQWUH6DXVVXUHH%DNKWLQpTXHWDQWRSDUDXP
TXDQWRSDUDRRXWURDOtQJXDpHVVHQFLDOPHQWHVRFLDO$TXHOHSRVWXOD
TXHDOtQJXDpXPSURGXWRGHSRVLWDGRQDPHQWHGRVIDODQWHVHWHP
FDUiWHUFROHWLYRTXHHOHFKDPRXGHODQJXH )5(,5(S 

&RQVLGHUDQGRVHDOtQJXDKRPRJrQHDLPXWiYHOVLQFURQLFDPHQWH
HP GDGR PRPHQWR GR WHPSR  HVWiWLFD ORJR p GH LPDJLQDUVH
TXHQmRH[LVWDPIDODQWHVGHVVDOtQJXD$WHQWRDLVVRRVHPLyORJR
0LNKDLO %DNKWLQ   FRQFOXLX TXH D SRVLomR VDXVVXULDQD VHULD
XP REMHWLYLVPR DEVWUDWR 3DUD %DNKWLQ ´D OtQJXD WDPEpP p XP

126
Saussure e Bakhtin: os (des)caminhos da Lingüística
Aula

IHQ{PHQRVRFLDOSRUpPVHXHQIRTXHHVWiQRSURFHVVRDOHJDQGR
TXH Vy Ki SRVVLELOLGDGH GH H[LVWLU OtQJXD TXDQGR Ki GLiORJR H
FRQVHTHQWHPHQWHLQWHUDomRµ LGHP 
10
&21&/86®2
&RPRIRLGHPRQVWUDGRQHVWDDXODRVSRVLFLRQDPHQWRVGH%DNKWLQ
YrP QR FRQWUDÁX[R GDV FRQFHSo}HV HVWUXWXUDOLVWDV TXH SHUGXUDUDP QD
/LQJtVWLFDGHVGHRVHXVXUJLPHQWR$VLGpLDVGH6DXVVXUHWLYHUDPRVHX
SDSHOSDUDRHVWDEHOHFLPHQWRGHVWDFLrQFLDPDVRJUDQGHTXHVWLRQDPHQWR
TXHVHID]pRVHJXLQWHTXDLVWHULDPVLGRRVFDPLQKRVGD/LQJtVWLFDVHHOD
WLYHVVHVLGRIXQGDGDSRU%DNKWLQ"

$7,9,'$'(6
3URFXUHOHUDREUDGH%DNKWLQ0DU[LVPRH)LORVRÀDGD/LQJXDJHP1D
%LEOLRWHFD&HQWUDOGD8)6KiH[HPSODUHVGHVVDREUD
)DoDXPDEXVFDQD,QWHUQHWDÀPGHGHVFREULUPDLVGDGRVVREUH%DNKWLQ
OHUDOJXPDUWLJRTXHWHQKDDVVXDVWHRULDVFRPRSDQRGHIXQGR
 9RFr HVWi VHQGR FRQYLGDGR D ID]HU R FRQWUDSRQWR HQWUH 6DXVVXUH H
%DNKWLQ([SRQKDRTXHWHRUL]DUDPVREUHVLJQRSDODYUDOLQJXDJHPHOtQJXD

7Ð3,&266$86685(%$.+7,1
6,*123$/$95$

/,1*8$*(0

/Ì1*8$

'LIHUHQFLHPRQRORJLVPRGHGLDORJLVPR
&RPEDVHQDFLWDomRDEDL[RDSUHVHQWHDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGDOtQJXDSDUD
6DXVVXUHHSDUD%DNKWLQ

$YHUGDGHLUDVXEVWkQFLDGDOtQJXDQmRpFRQVWLWXtGDSRUXPVLVWHPD
DEVWUDWRGHIRUPDVOLQJtVWLFDVQHPSHODHQXQFLDomRPRQROyJLFDH
LVRODGDQHPSHORDWRSVLFRÀVLROyJLFRGHVXDSURGXomRPDVSHOR
IHQ{PHQRVRFLDOGDLQWHUDomRYHUEDOUHDOL]DGDDWUDYpVGDHQXQFLDomR
RXGDVHQXQFLDo}HV$LQWHUDomRYHUEDOFRQVWLWXLDVVLPDUHDOLGDGH
IXQGDPHQWDOGDOtQJXD %$.+7,1S 

127
Linguistica

&20(17É5,262%5($6$7,9,'$'(6

$OHLWXUDGROLYUR0DU[LVPRHÀORVRÀDGDOLQJXDJHPVHUiUHOHYDQWH
SDUDRFXUVRGH/HWUDV4XHVW}HVHSRGHPVHUUHVSRQGLGDVFRP
EDVHQDDXOD$FLWDomRGDTXHVWmRDSUHVHQWDHPVXDSULPHLUDSDUWH
DYLVmRGH6DXVVXUHFULWLFDGDSRU%DNKWLQHDVHJXQGDSDUWH LQLFLDGD
SHORFRQHFWLYRPDV DSRQWDDYLVmREDNKWLQLDQD

5(6802

9RFrHVWXGRXDFRQWULEXLomRGH%DNKWLQSDUDDFLrQFLDOLQJtVWLFDSDUD
ID]HULVVRSULPHLURUHYLVDPRVDOJXQVGRVFRQFHLWRVVDXVVXULDQRVDÀPGH
ID]HUPRVRFRQWUDSRQWRHQWUHRVGRLVWHyULFRV3DUD6DXVVXUHDOtQJXDpXP
VLVWHPDFRPGXDVIDFHVVLJQLÀFDQWHHVLJQLÀFDGR$SHVDUGHFRQVLGHUiOD
VRFLDOQmRDHVWXGDVREXPDSHUVSHFWLYDVRFLDOSRLVQmROHYDHPFRQWDD
UHODomRGRVXMHLWRQDVRFLHGDGH-i%DNKWLQREVHUYDRVXMHLWRFRPRXPVHU
TXHLQWHUDJHFRPRRXWURGLDORJDHVXDOLQJXDJHPpIUXWRGHXPDLGHRORJLD
SDVVDGDQRPHLRGDVUHODo}HVVRFLDLV

$872$9$/,$d®2

(QFHUUDGRRSULPHLURPyGXORFRPRHVWRXHPUHODomRDHVWDGLVFLSOLQD"
3RVVRFRQVLGHUDUMiGRPLQDGRVDOJXQVFRQKHFLPHQWRVOLQJtVWLFRV"

5()(5È1&,$6
%$.+7,10LNKDLO0DU[LVPRHÀORVRÀDGDOLQJXDJHPHG6mR3DXOR
+XFLWHF 92/2&+,12991 
%$5526'LDQD/X]3GH'LDORJLVPRSROLIRQLDHHQXQFLDomR,QBBBBBBB
),25,1-RVp/XL] RUJV 'LDORJLVPRSROLIRQLDLQWHUWH[WXDOLGDGH6mR
3DXOR(GXVSS²
)5(,5((YHUDOGR2VRFLDOHP6DXVVXUH %DNKWLQ7H[WRFHGLGRSHOR
DXWRU
0(1'21d$&pOLD0DULQD/tQJXDH(QVLQRSROtWLFDVGHIHFKDPHQWR,Q
0866$/,1)HUQDQGD%(17(6$QQD& RUJV ,QWURGXomRjOLQJtVWL
FDGRPtQLRVHIURQWHLUDV9RO6mR3DXOR&RUWH]S²
3('526$&OHLGH(PtOLD)D\H*rQHURVWH[WXDLVXPDMRUQDGDDSDUWLUGH
%DNKWLQ&DGHUQRVGR&1/)9ROXPH;Q
BBBBB25HOLJLRVRHRVRFLDOQDFRPXQLFDomRIDFHDIDFH$UDFDMX
7ULXQIR

128
Saussure e Bakhtin: os (des)caminhos da Lingüística
Aula

52'5,*8(65RVkQJHOD+DPPHV2VJrQHURVGRGLVFXUVRQDSHUVSHF
WLYDGLDOyJLFDGDOLQJXDJHPDDERUGDJHPGH%DNKWLQ,Q0(85(5HWDOO
RUJV *rQHURVWHRULDVPpWRGRVGHEDWHV6mR3DXOR3DUiEROD
10
S²
67(//$3DXOR5REHUWR3DODYUD,Q%5$,7%HWK RUJ %DNKWLQSDOD
YUDVFKDYHHG6mR3DXOR&RQWH[WRS²

129

Você também pode gostar