Você está na página 1de 233

QUESTÕES

OBJETIVAS

Fuvest - 1.ª fase

Unesp - 1.ª fase

Unicamp - 1.ª fase

Enem - 2.º dia

8HUMTXDOLĆFD©¥R
Caro aluno

ANTÍGENO é o termo utilizado na Medicina para referir-se à toda substância de origem biológica que, introduzida no organismo, provoca
a formação de anticorpo específico. Portanto, o Hexag Medicina organizou cuidadosamente esta seleção de questões para proporcionar
soluções às dúvidas que você ainda possa ter.
Esta coleção com 4 cadernos do ANTÍGENO possui quase 6 mil questões do Enem, Fuvest, Unesp, Unicamp e Uerj, com os temas de cada
disciplina que mais geram dúvidas nos estudantes. Assim, esperamos que você consiga revisitar e apreender os conteúdos que ainda não
estão fixados, tornando as resoluções das questões das provas muito mais fáceis.
Aproveite para aprimorar seus conhecimentos.
Bons estudos!

Herlan Fellini
SUMÁRIO
MATEMÁTICA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS
MATEMÁTICA
ARITMÉTICA 4
COMBINATÓRIA, ESTATÍSTICA E PROBABILIDADE 17
EQUAÇÕES, INEQUAÇÕES, FUNÇÕES, POLINÔMIOS E NÚMEROS COMPLEXOS 50
GRANDEZAS PROPORCIONAIS E MATEMÁTICA FINANCEIRA 101
GEOMETRIA PLANA, ANALÍTICA E ESPACIAL 121
MATRIZES, DETERMINANTES E SISTEMAS LINEARES 182
PROGRESSÕES, LOGARITMOS E EXPONENCIAIS 193
TRIGONOMETRIA 216
Matemática e suas tecnologias

Matemática
Fuvest - 1.ª fase

Unesp - 1.ª fase

Unicamp - 1.ª fase

Enem - 2.º dia


.

Uerj qualificação
ANTÍGENO FUVEST (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
ARITMÉTICA


 )XYHVW   $ IXQomR ( GH (XOHU GHWHUPLQD D  5
SDUD FDGD Q~PHUR QDWXUDO Q D TXDQWLGDGH GH E  5
Q~PHURVQDWXUDLVPHQRUHVGRTXH Q FXMRPi[LPR F  5
GLYLVRU FRPXP FRP Q  p LJXDO D  3RU H[HPSOR G  5
(   SRLVRVQ~PHURVPHQRUHVGRTXH  FRP H  5
WDOSURSULHGDGHVmR H  4XDORYDORUPi[LPRGH 
 )XYHVW   6DEHQGR TXH RV DQRV ELVVH[WRV
( Q  SDUD Q GHD"
VmRRVP~OWLSORVGHHTXHRSULPHLURGLDGH
 IRL VHJXQGDIHLUD R SUy[LPR DQR D FRPHoDU
D   WDPEpPHPXPDVHJXQGDIHLUDVHUi
E   

F   D  
G   E  
H   F  
 G  
 )XYHVW 6HMDPDHEGRLVQ~PHURVLQWHLURV H  
SRVLWLYRV 'L]VH TXH D H E VmR HTXLYDOHQWHV VH D 
VRPDGRVGLYLVRUHVSRVLWLYRVGH D FRLQFLGHFRPD  )XYHVW   8PD HPSUHVD GH FRQVWUXomR
VRPDGRVGLYLVRUHVSRVLWLYRVGHE GLVS}HGHEORFRVGHWLSR;HEORFRVGHWLSR
&RQVWLWXHPGRLVLQWHLURVSRVLWLYRVHTXLYDOHQWHV < (VVHV EORFRV WrP DV VHJXLQWHV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV
 WRGRVVmRFLOLQGURVUHWRVREORFR;WHPFPGH
D  H DOWXUDHREORFR<WHPFPGHDOWXUD

E  H
F  H
G  H
H  H


 )XYHVW $LJXDOGDGHFRUUHWDSDUDTXDLVTXHU 
DHEQ~PHURVUHDLVPDLRUHVGRTXH]HURp $HPSUHVDIRLFRQWUDWDGDSDUDHGLILFDUFROXQDVVRE
 DV VHJXLQWHV FRQGLo}HV FDGD FROXQD GHYH VHU
  FRQVWUXtGDVREUHSRQGREORFRVGHXPPHVPRWLSRH
D D  ED  E 
WRGDV HODV GHYHP WHU D PHVPD DOWXUD &RP R
  PDWHULDO GLVSRQtYHO R Q~PHUR Pi[LPR GH FROXQDV
E  

D D E  E TXHSRGHPVHUFRQVWUXtGDVpGH

F D E  D  E  D  
   E  
G   F  
DE D E
G  
D  E H  
H D  E 
D  DE  E 
  )XYHVW   8P Q~PHUR QDWXUDO 1 WHP WUrV
 DOJDULVPRV4XDQGRGHOHVXEWUDtPRVUHVXOWDR
 )XYHVW   1D FLGDGH GH 6mR 3DXOR DV Q~PHUR TXH p REWLGR LQYHUWHQGRVH D RUGHP GRV
WDULIDV GH WUDQVSRUWH XUEDQR SRGHP VHU SDJDV DOJDULVPRV GH 1 6H DOpP GLVVR D VRPD GR
XVDQGRRELOKHWH~QLFR$WDULIDpGH 5  SDUD DOJDULVPR GDV FHQWHQDV H GR DOJDULVPR GDV
XQLGDGHV GH 1 p LJXDO D  HQWmR R DOJDULVPR GDV
XPD YLDJHP VLPSOHV {QLEXV RX PHWU{WUHP  H GH FHQWHQDVGH1p
5  SDUDXPDYLDJHPGHLQWHJUDomR {QLEXVH 
PHWU{WUHP 8PXVXiULRYDLUHFDUUHJDUVHXELOKHWH D 
~QLFR TXH HVWi FRP XP VDOGR GH 5  2 E 
PHQRU YDORU GH UHFDUJD SDUD R TXDO VHULD SRVVtYHO F 
]HUDURVDOGRGRELOKHWHDSyVDOJXPDVXWLOL]Do}HVp G 
 H 

4 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


GABARITO

& ( ( % '
( &   


ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 5


ANTÍGENO UNESP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
ARITMÉTICA


 8QHVS 8PDHPSUHVDGHFHUkPLFDXWLOL]D $WHQGHQGRDHVVDVFRQGLo}HVRSURSULHWiULRRSWRX
WUrV WLSRV GH FDL[DV SDUD HPEDODU VHXV SURGXWRV SHODFRPSUDGHFDPLQK}HVFRPFDoDPEDGRWLSR
FRQIRUPHPRVWUDPDVILJXUDV 
 D  ,,
E  ,9
F  ,,,
G  ,
H  9

 8QHVS   6HJXQGR QXWULFLRQLVWDV XPD
UHIHLomR HTXLOLEUDGD SDUD XPD SHVVRD DGXOWD H
VDXGiYHO QmR GHYH FRQWHU PDLV TXH  NFDO $
WDEHODWUD]DOJXPDVRSo}HVGHSHGLGRYDULHGDGHV
GHQWURGHVWDVRSo}HVHRYDORUHQHUJpWLFRGHFDGD
XPDGHODV

23d®(6'( 9$/25
9$5,('$'(6
3(','2 (1(5*e7,&2

 FRPSOHWR NFDO
VDQGXtFKHV GHSHL[H NFDO
(VVDHPSUHVDIRUQHFHVHXVSURGXWRVSDUDJUDQGHV
OLJKW NFDO
FLGDGHV TXH SRU VXD YH] SURtEHP R WUiIHJR GH
SRUomRGHIULWDV NFDO
FDPLQK}HV GH JUDQGH SRUWH HP VXDV iUHDV DFRPSDQKDPHQWRV
VDODGD NFDO
FHQWUDLV3DUDJDUDQWLUDHQWUHJDQHVVDVUHJL}HVR UHIULJHUDQWH
SURSULHWiULRGDHPSUHVDGHFLGLXDGTXLULUFDPLQK}HV NFDO
P/
FRPFDoDPEDVPHQRUHV UHIULJHUDQWHGLHW
$WDEHODDSUHVHQWDDVGLPHQV}HVGHFLQFRWLSRVGH EHELGDV NFDO
P/
FDoDPEDV HQFRQWUDGDV QR PHUFDGR SHOR VXFRGHODUDQMD
NFDO
SURSULHWiULR P/
 WRUWDGHPDom NFDO
WLSRGH FRPSULPHQWR ODUJXUD DOWXUD VREUHPHVDV SRUomRGH
NFDO
FDoDPED P P P IUXWDV
,    
,,    (VFROKHQGRVHXPLWHPGHFDGDRSomRGHSHGLGR
,,,    D UHIHLomR GH PDLRU YDORU HQHUJpWLFR TXH QmR
H[FHGDROLPLWHGHNFDOVHUiDFRPSRVWDGH
,9   

9   
D  VDQGXtFKH FRPSOHWR SRUomR GH IULWDV

UHIULJHUDQWHGLHWP/HSRUomRGHIUXWDV
6DEHVHTXH
 E  VDQGXtFKH OLJKW SRUomR GH IULWDV UHIULJHUDQWH
ƒ D HPSUHVD WUDQVSRUWD VRPHQWH XP WLSR GH P/HSRUomRGHIUXWDV
FDL[DSRUHQWUHJD F  VDQGXtFKH OLJKW SRUomR GH IULWDV VXFR GH
ƒ DHPSUHVDGHYHUiDGTXLULUVRPHQWHXPWLSRGH ODUDQMDP/HSRUomRGHIUXWDV
FDoDPED G  VDQGXtFKH GH SHL[H SRUomR GH IULWDV VXFR GH
ƒ D FDoDPED DGTXLULGD GHYHUi WUDQVSRUWDU ODUDQMDP/HSRUomRGHIUXWDV
TXDOTXHUWLSRGHFDL[D H  VDQGXtFKH GH SHL[H SRUomR GH IULWDV
ƒ DVFDL[DVDRVHUHPDFRPRGDGDVGHYHUmRWHU UHIULJHUDQWHGLHWP/HWRUWDGHPDom
VHXV ³FRPSULPHQWR ODUJXUD H DOWXUD´ 
FRLQFLGLQGR FRP RV PHVPRV VHQWLGRV GRV 
³FRPSULPHQWRODUJXUDHDOWXUD´GDFDoDPED 
ƒ SDUD FDGD HQWUHJD R YROXPH GD FDoDPED 
GHYHUi HVWDU WRWDOPHQWH RFXSDGR SHOR WLSR GH 
FDL[DWUDQVSRUWDGR 


6 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS   8PD IDL[D UHWDQJXODU GH WHFLGR
GHYHUi VHU WRWDOPHQWH UHFRUWDGD HP TXDGUDGRV
WRGRV GH PHVPR WDPDQKR H VHP GHL[DU VREUDV
(VVHV TXDGUDGRV GHYHUmR WHU R PDLRU WDPDQKR
iUHD SRVVtYHO6HDVGLPHQV}HVGDIDL[DVmR
FP GH ODUJXUD SRU  FP GH FRPSULPHQWR R
SHUtPHWURGHFDGDTXDGUDGRHPFHQWtPHWURVVHUi

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

GABARITO

( ( '  


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 7


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
ARITMÉTICA


 8QLFDPS   $ UHSUHVHQWDomR GHFLPDO GH D PLOK}HVGHOLWURVGHUHIULJHUDQWH
FHUWR Q~PHUR LQWHLUR SRVLWLYR WHP GRLV DOJDULVPRV E ELOK}HVGHOLWURVGHUHIULJHUDQWH
6H R WULSOR GD VRPD GHVVHV DOJDULVPRV p LJXDO DR F PLOK}HVGHOLWURVGHUHIULJHUDQWH
SUySULR Q~PHUR HQWmR R SURGXWR GRV DOJDULVPRV p G PLOK}HVGHOLWURVGHUHIULJHUDQWH
LJXDOD 
  8QLFDPS   8P LQYHVWLGRU GLVS}H GH
D    5  SRU PrV SDUD DGTXLULU R PDLRU Q~PHUR
E    SRVVtYHO GH Do}HV GH FHUWD HPSUHVD 1R SULPHLUR
F    PrV R SUHoR GH FDGD DomR HUD 5  1R
G    VHJXQGR PrV KRXYH XPD GHVYDORUL]DomR H HVVH
 SUHoR FDLX SDUD 5  1R WHUFHLUR PrV FRP R
 8QLFDPS   3UD]HUHV EHQHItFLRV PDOHIt SUHoR XQLWiULR GDV Do}HV D 5  R LQYHVWLGRU
FLRV OXFURV FHUFDP R PXQGR GRV UHIULJHUDQWHV UHVROYHX YHQGHU R WRWDO GH Do}HV TXH SRVVXtD
5HFHQWHPHQWH XP JUDQGH IDEULFDQWH QDFLRQDO 6DEHQGR TXH Vy p SHUPLWLGD D QHJRFLDomR GH XP
DQXQFLRXTXHKDYLDUHGX]LGRHPPLOWRQHODGDVR Q~PHUR LQWHLUR GH Do}HV SRGHPRV FRQFOXLU TXH
XVRGHDo~FDUQDIDEULFDomRGHVHXVUHIULJHUDQWHV FRPDFRPSUDHYHQGDGHDo}HVRLQYHVWLGRUWHYH
PDV QmR LQIRUPRX HP TXDQWR WHPSR LVVR RFRUUHX 
2UyWXORDWXDOGHXPGHVHXVUHIULJHUDQWHVLQIRUPD D  OXFURGH5
TXH  PO GR SURGXWR FRQWrP J GH Do~FDU E  QHPOXFURQHPSUHMXt]R
8WLOL]DQGR DSHQDV R Do~FDU ³HFRQRPL]DGR´ SHOR F  SUHMXt]RGH5
UHIHULGR IDEULFDQWH VHULD SRVVtYHO IDEULFDU G  OXFURGH5
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH 


7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2


8P FDUSLQWHLUR IRL FRQWUDWDGR SDUD FRQVWUXLU XPD FHUFD IRUPDGD SRU ULSDV GH PDGHLUD $V ILJXUDV DEDL[R
DSUHVHQWDP XPD YLVWD SDUFLDO GD FHUFD EHP FRPR RV GHWDOKHV GDV OLJDo}HV HQWUH DV ULSDV QRV TXDLV RV
SDUDIXVRV VmR UHSUHVHQWDGRV SRU FtUFXORV EUDQFRV 1RWH TXH FDGD ULSD HVWi SUHVD j FHUFD SRU GRLV
SDUDIXVRVHPFDGDH[WUHPLGDGH




 8QLFDPS   2V SDUDIXVRV XVDGRV QD FHUFD VmR YHQGLGRV HP FDL[DV FRP  XQLGDGHV 2 Q~PHUR
PtQLPRGHFDL[DVQHFHVViULDVSDUDFRQVWUXLUXPDFHUFDFRPPGHFRPSULPHQWRp

D  
E  
F  
G  


GABARITO


& $ $ ' 




8 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO ENEM (2.º DIA)

MATEMÁTICA
ARITMÉTICA


 (QHP   $SyV R )yUXP 1DFLRQDO &RQWUD D  (QHP   2 6LVWHPD 0pWULFR 'HFLPDO p R
3LUDWDULD )1&3  LQFOXLU D OLQKD GH DXWRSHoDV HP PDLVXWLOL]DGRDWXDOPHQWHSDUDPHGLUFRPSULPHQWRV
FDPSDQKD YHLFXODGD FRQWUD D IDOVLILFDomR DV H GLVWkQFLDV (P DOJXPDV DWLYLGDGHV SRUpP p
DJrQFLDV ILVFDOL]DGRUDV GLYXOJDUDP TXH RV FLQFR SRVVtYHO REVHUYDU D XWLOL]DomR GH GLIHUHQWHV
SULQFLSDLV SURGXWRV GH DXWRSHoDV IDOVLILFDGRV VmR XQLGDGHV GH PHGLGD 8P H[HPSOR GLVVR SRGH VHU
URODPHQWR SDVWLOKD GH IUHLR FDL[D GH GLUHomR REVHUYDGRQRTXDGUR
FDWDOLVDGRUHDPRUWHFHGRU 

'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZRILFLQDEUDVLOFRPEU 8QLGDGH (TXLYDOrQFLD
$FHVVRHPDJR DGDSWDGR  3ROHJDGD FHQWtPHWURV
 -DUGD  SpV
$SyV XPD JUDQGH DSUHHQVmR DV SHoDV IDOVDV -DUGD PHWUR
IRUDPFDGDVWUDGDVXWLOL]DQGRVHDFRGLILFDomR 
  URODPHQWR  SDVWLOKD GH IUHLR   FDL[D GH $VVLPXPSpHPSROHJDGDHTXLYDOHD
GLUHomRFDWDOLVDGRUH  DPRUWHFHGRU 
 D  
$RILQDOREWHYHVHDVHTXrQFLD E  
                TXH F  
DSUHVHQWDXPSDGUmRGHIRUPDomRTXHFRQVLVWHQD G  
UHSHWLomR GH XP EORFR GH Q~PHURV (VVD H  
VHTXrQFLD GHVFUHYH D RUGHP HP TXH RV SURGXWRV 
DSUHHQGLGRVIRUDPFDGDVWUDGRV  (QHP 33/   8P DVWHURLGH EDWL]DGR GH
 79 SDVVRX D DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH u
2žLWHPFDGDVWUDGRIRLXP D  TXLO{PHWURV GD 7HUUD $ SUHVHQoD GR REMHWR
 HVSDFLDO QDV SUR[LPLGDGHV GD 7HUUD IRL GHWHFWDGD
D  URODPHQWR SRU DVWU{QRPRV XFUDQLDQRV TXH DOHUWDUDP SDUD
E  FDWDOLVDGRU XPDSRVVtYHOYROWDGRDVWHURLGHHP
F  DPRUWHFHGRU 
'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZIROKDXROFRPEU
G  SDVWLOKDGHIUHLR $FHVVRHPRXW
H  FDL[DGHGLUHomR 
 2 YDORU SRVLFLRQDO GR DOJDULVPR  SUHVHQWH QD
 (QHP    2 UyWXOR GD HPEDODJHP GH XP QRWDomR FLHQWtILFD GD GLVWkQFLD HP TXLO{PHWUR
FRVPpWLFR LQIRUPD TXH D GLVVROXomR GH VHX HQWUHRDVWHURLGHHD7HUUDFRUUHVSRQGHD
FRQWH~GR GH DFRUGR FRP VXDV HVSHFLILFDo}HV 
UHQGH  OLWURV GHVVH SURGXWR SURQWR SDUD R XVR D  GpFLPRVGHTXLO{PHWUR
8PD SHVVRD VHUi VXEPHWLGD D XP WUDWDPHQWR E  FHQWHQDVGHTXLO{PHWURV
HVWpWLFRHPTXHGHYHUiWRPDUXPEDQKRGHLPHUVmR F  GH]HQDVGHPLOKDUGHTXLO{PHWURV
FRP HVVH SURGXWR QXPD EDQKHLUD FRP FDSDFLGDGH G  FHQWHQDVGHPLOKDUGHTXLO{PHWURV
GH  P 3DUD HYLWDU R WUDQVERUGDPHQWR HVVD H  XQLGDGHVGHPLOKmRGHTXLO{PHWURV
EDQKHLUD VHUi SUHHQFKLGD HP  GH VXD 
FDSDFLGDGH  (QHP   $GDSWDGD  $ EXOD GH XP
 DQWLELyWLFR LQIDQWLO IDEULFDGR QD IRUPD GH [DURSH
3DUD HVVH EDQKR R Q~PHUR PtQLPR GH UHFRPHQGDTXHVHMDPPLQLVWUDGRVGLDULDPHQWHQR
HPEDODJHQVGHVVHFRVPpWLFRp Pi[LPR  PJ GHVVH PHGLFDPHQWR SDUD FDGD
 TXLORJUDPD GH PDVVD GR SDFLHQWH 8P SHGLDWUD
D   SUHVFUHYHX D GRVDJHP Pi[LPD GHVVH DQWLELyWLFR
E   SDUD VHU PLQLVWUDGD GLDULDPHQWH D XPD FULDQoD GH
F    NJ SHOR SHUtRGR GH  GLDV (VVH PHGLFDPHQWR
G   SRGH VHU FRPSUDGR HP IUDVFRV GH  P/  P/
H   P/P/HP/2VSDLVGHVVDFULDQoD
 GHFLGLUDP FRPSUDU D TXDQWLGDGH H[DWD GH
 PHGLFDPHQWR TXH SUHFLVDUi VHU PLQLVWUDGD QR
WUDWDPHQWR HYLWDQGR D VREUD GH PHGLFDPHQWR

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 9


&RQVLGHUH TXH J GHVVH PHGLFDPHQWR RFXSH XP G   u  u  
YROXPHGHFP H   u  u  
$ FDSDFLGDGH GR IUDVFR HP PLOLOLWUR TXH HVVHV

SDLVGHYHUmRFRPSUDUp
  (QHP 33/   8PD SHVVRD WHP PDVVD
D   FRUSRUDO GH  NJ 6RE RULHQWDomR GH XP
E   QXWULFLRQLVWD VXEPHWHXVH D XP UHJLPH DOLPHQWDU
F   HP TXH VH SURMHWD TXH D SHUGD GH TXLORV PHQVDLV
G   VHMD LQIHULRU D  NJ $SyV LQLFLDU R UHJLPH
H   REVHUYRXVHQRVWUrVSULPHLURVPHVHVXPDSHUGD
 GH  NJ  SRU PrV H QRV TXDWUR PHVHV VHJXLQWHV
 (QHP 33/    2 SURMHWR GH WUDQVSRVLomR GR XPD SHUGD PHQVDO GH  NJ 'Dt HP GLDQWH
5LR6mR)UDQFLVFRFRQVLVWHQDWHQWDWLYDGHVROXFLRQDU VHJXQGR DV UHFRPHQGDo}HV GR QXWULFLRQLVWD
XP SUREOHPD TXH Ki PXLWR DIHWD DV SRSXODo}HV GR GHYHULDKDYHUXPDSHUGDPHQVDOIL[DHPFDGDXP
VHPLiULGR EUDVLOHLUR D VHFD 2 SURMHWR SUHYr D GRV PHVHV VXEVHTXHQWHV REMHWLYDQGR DOFDQoDU D
UHWLUDGDGHPVGHiJXDGHVVHULR3DUDWRUQDU PDVVDFRUSRUDOGHNJDRILQDOGRUHJLPH
PDLVFRPSUHHQVtYHODLQIRUPDomRGRYROXPHGHiJXD 6HJXQGR DV SURMHo}HV H UHFRPHQGDo}HV GR
D VHU UHWLUDGR GHVHMDVH H[SUHVVDU HVVD TXDQWLGDGH QXWULFLRQLVWDSDUDDOFDQoDUVHXREMHWLYRDGXUDomR
HPOLWURSRUPLQXWR PtQLPDHPPrVTXHHVVDSHVVRDGHYHUiPDQWHU

'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZLQIRHVFRODFRP RVHXUHJLPHVHUiGH
$FHVVRHPRXW 
 D  
&RP EDVH QDV LQIRUPDo}HV TXDO H[SUHVVmR E  
UHSUHVHQWDDTXDQWLGDGHGHiJXDUHWLUDGDHPOLWUR F  
SRUPLQXWR" G  
H  



D u   
 
 
E u  

F   u u  


 (QHP /LEUDV  8PMRYHPGHVHMDFRPSUDUXPFDUURQRYRXViORSRU  DQRVHGHSRLVUHYHQGrOR2
TXDGURPRVWUDHPUHDOSDUDFLQFRPRGHORVGHFDUURRSUHoRGHFRPSUDDGHVSHVDHVWLPDGDGHXVRGRFDUUR
SRUDQR FRPEXVWtYHOVHJXURPDQXWHQomRHWF HRYDORUHVWLPDGRGHUHYHQGDGRFDUURDSyV  DQRVGHXVR

 &DUUR, &DUUR,, &DUUR,,, &DUUR,9 &DUUR9
3UHoRGHFRPSUD          
'HVSHVDDQXDO          
9DORUGHUHYHQGD          

&RQVLGHUDQGRRVYDORUHVDSUHVHQWDGRVRFDUURTXHUHVXOWDULDHPPHQRUGHVSHVDWRWDOp

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9
H  9


 (QHP /LEUDV  9HMDRVDOJDULVPRVQmR $ SDUWLU GR UHIHULGR WUHFKR XP SURIHVVRU GH
KiGRLVTXHIDoDPRPHVPRRItFLRpHp( PDWHPiWLFD VROLFLWRX DRV VHXV DOXQRV TXH
DGPLUHDEHOH]DFRPTXHXPHXPIRUPDPHVWD HVFROKHVVHPRXWURVGRLVDOJDULVPRVHUHDOL]DVVHP
FRLVDTXHVHH[SULPHSRU$JRUDGREUHHWHUi DV PHVPDV RSHUDo}HV (P VHJXLGD TXHVWLRQRX
 PXOWLSOLTXH SRU LJXDO Q~PHUR Gi  H DVVLP VREUH R Q~PHUR TXH IRL REWLGR FRP HVVH
SRUGLDQWH SURFHGLPHQWRHUHFHEHXFLQFRUHVSRVWDVGLIHUHQWHV

$66,60'RP&DVPXUUR2OLQGD/LYUR5iSLGR

 $OXQR $OXQR $OXQR $OXQR $OXQR
1RWUHFKRDQWHULRURDXWRUHVFROKHXRVDOJDULVPRV     
HHUHDOL]RXFRUUHWDPHQWHDOJXPDVRSHUDo}HV 
REWHQGRDRILQDORQ~PHUR

10 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


4XDLV DOXQRV DSUHVHQWDUDP UHVSRVWDV FRUUHWDV  (QHP 33/    8PD UHSDUWLomR S~EOLFD
REHGHFHQGR DR PHVPR SULQFtSLR XWLOL]DGR QDV SRVVXLXPVLVWHPDTXHDUPD]HQDHPVHXEDQFRGH
RSHUDo}HVPDWHPiWLFDVGRDXWRU" GDGRV WRGRV RV RItFLRV PHPRUDQGRV H FDUWDV
 HQYLDGRV DR ORQJR GRV DQRV 3DUD RUJDQL]DU WRGR
D   H   HVVHPDWHULDOHIDFLOLWDUDORFDOL]DomRQRVLVWHPDR
E    H   FRPSXWDGRU XWLOL]DGR SHOD UHSDUWLomR JHUD XP
FyGLJRSDUDFDGDGRFXPHQWRGHIRUPDTXHRVRLWR
F     H  
SULPHLURV GtJLWRV LQGLFDP D GDWD HP TXH R
G   H   GRFXPHQWR IRL HPLWLGR ''00$$$$  RV GRLV
H   H   GtJLWRV VHJXLQWHV LQGLFDP R WLSR GH GRFXPHQWR
 RItFLR  PHPRUDQGR  H FDUWD   H RV WUrV
 (QHP 33/   (P DOJXQV SDtVHV DQJOR ~OWLPRVGtJLWRVLQGLFDPDRUGHPGRGRFXPHQWR
VD[}HVDXQLGDGHGHYROXPHXWLOL]DGDSDUDLQGLFDU 3RU H[HPSOR R FyGLJR  LQGLFD XP
R FRQWH~GR GH DOJXQV UHFLSLHQWHV p D RQoD IOXLGD RItFLR HPLWLGR QR GLD  GH PDUoR GH  FXMD
EULWkQLFD 2 YROXPH GH XPD RQoD IOXLGD EULWkQLFD RUGHP p  1R GLD  GH MDQHLUR GH  HVVD
FRUUHVSRQGHDP/ UHSDUWLomR S~EOLFD HPLWLX R PHPRUDQGR GH RUGHP
$WtWXORGHVLPSOLILFDomRFRQVLGHUHXPDRQoDIOXLGD HRHQYLRXDRVVHXVIXQFLRQiULRV
EULWkQLFDFRUUHVSRQGHQGRDP/ 
1HVVDVFRQGLo}HVRYROXPHGHXPUHFLSLHQWHFRP 2FyGLJRJHUDGRSDUDHVVHPHPRUDQGRIRL
FDSDFLGDGH GH   RQoDV IOXLGDV EULWkQLFDV HP 
FPpLJXDOD D   
 E   
D    F   
E    G   
F    H   
G    
H     (QHP 33/   8P PDUFHQHLUR UHFHEHX D
 HQFRPHQGD GH XPD SDVVDUHOD GH  P VREUH
 (QHP   SHVVRD JDQKRX XPD SXOVHLUD XPSHTXHQRODJRFRQIRUPHD)LJXUD,$REUDVHUi
IRUPDGDSRUSpURODVHVIpULFDVQDTXDOIDOWDYDXPD H[HFXWDGDFRPWiEXDVGHFPGHODUJXUDTXHMi
GDV SpURODV $ ILJXUD LQGLFD D SRVLomR HP TXH HVWmR FRP R FRPSULPHQWR QHFHVViULR SDUD
HVWDULDIDOWDQGRHVWDSpUROD LQVWDODomR GHL[DQGRVH XP HVSDoDPHQWR GH 
 PP HQWUH WiEXDV FRQVHFXWLYDV GH DFRUGR FRP D
SODQWDGRSURMHWRQD)LJXUD,,




 'HVFRQVLGHUDQGRVH HYHQWXDLV SHUGDV FRP FRUWHV

GXUDQWHDH[HFXomRGRSURMHWRTXDQWDVWiEXDVQR
(ODOHYRXDMRLDDXPMRDOKHLURTXHYHULILFRXTXHD
PtQLPRRPDUFHQHLURQHFHVVLWDUiSDUDDH[HFXomR
PHGLGD GR GLkPHWUR GHVVDV SpURODV HUD  
GDHQFRPHQGD"
PLOtPHWURV(PVHXHVWRTXHDVSpURODVGRPHVPR 
WLSR H IRUPDWR GLVSRQtYHLV SDUD UHSRVLomR WLQKDP D  
GLkPHWURV LJXDLV D  PP  PP  E  
PPPPHPP F  
2MRDOKHLURHQWmRFRORFRXQDSXOVHLUDDSpURODFXMR G  
GLkPHWUR HUD R PDLV SUy[LPR GR GLkPHWUR GDV H  
SpURODVRULJLQDLV 
$ SpUROD FRORFDGD QD SXOVHLUD SHOR MRDOKHLUR WHP  (QHP 33/    (P XPD HPEDODJHP GH
GLkPHWURHPPLOtPHWURLJXDOD IDULQKD HQFRQWUDVH D UHFHLWD GH XP EROR VHQGR
 SDUWHGHODUHSURGX]LGDDVHJXLU
D    
E    ,1*5(',(17(6
F    ƒ JGHIDULQKD HTXLYDOHQWHD[tFDUDV 
ƒ  J  GH IHUPHQWR ELROyJLFR HTXLYDOHQWH D 
G   
FROKHUHVPHGLGDV 
H   

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 11


3RVVXLQGR DSHQDV D FROKHU PHGLGD LQGLFDGD QD  (QHP33/ $VHPSUHVDVTXHSRVVXHP
UHFHLWDXPDGRQDGHFDVDWHYHTXHID]HUDOJXPDV 6HUYLoR GH $WHQGLPHQWR DR &OLHQWH 6$&  HP
FRQYHUV}HV SDUD SRGHU PHGLU FRP SUHFLVmR D JHUDOLQIRUPDPDRFOLHQWHTXHXWLOL]DRVHUYLoRXP
IDULQKD &RQVLGHUH TXH D IDULQKD H R IHUPHQWR Q~PHURGHSURWRFRORGHDWHQGLPHQWR(VVHQ~PHUR
SRVVXHPGHQVLGDGHVLJXDLV UHVJXDUGDRFOLHQWHSDUDHYHQWXDLVUHFODPDo}HVHp
&DGD [tFDUD LQGLFDGD QD UHFHLWD p HTXLYDOHQWH D JHUDGR FRQVHFXWLYDPHQWH GH DFRUGR FRP RV
TXDQWDVFROKHUHVPHGLGDV" DWHQGLPHQWRV H[HFXWDGRV $R WpUPLQR GR PrV GH
 MDQHLUR GH  XPD HPSUHVD UHJLVWURX FRPR
D   ~OWLPRQ~PHURGHSURWRFRORGR6$&R 
E   'RLQtFLRGRPrVGHIHYHUHLURDWpRILPGRPrVGH
F   GH]HPEUR GH  IRUDP DEHUWRV  QRYRV
G   Q~PHURVGHSURWRFRORV
H   2DOJDULVPRTXHDSDUHFHQDSRVLomRGDGH]HQDGH
 PLOKDU GR ~OWLPR Q~PHUR GH SURWRFROR GH
 (QHP 33/    2V FRPSXWDGRUHV RSHUDP DWHQGLPHQWRUHJLVWUDGRHPSHODHPSUHVDp
FRP GDGRV HP IRUPDWR ELQiULR FRP GRLV YDORUHV 
SRVVtYHLV DSHQDV SDUD FDGD GtJLWR  XWLOL]DQGR D  
SRWrQFLDV GH  SDUD UHSUHVHQWDU TXDQWLGDGHV E  
$VVLP WHPVH SRU H[HPSOR N%   %\WHV F  
0% N%H*% VHQGRTXH  G  
1HVVHFDVRWHPVHTXHN%VLJQLILFDTXLORE\WH0% H  
VLJQLILFD PHJDE\WH H *%  VLJQLILFD JLJDE\WH 
(QWUHWDQWR D PDLRULD GRV IDEULFDQWHV GH GLVFRV  (QHP /LEUDV     &pVDU $XJXVWR &LHOR
UtJLGRV SHQGULYHV RX VLPLODUHV DGRWDP )LOKRpXPQDGDGRUEUDVLOHLURFDPSHmRROtPSLFRH
SUHIHUHQFLDOPHQWH R VLJQLILFDGR XVXDO GHVVHV GHWHQWRU GH YiULDV PHGDOKDV QDFLRQDLV H
SUHIL[RVHPEDVH$VVLPQRVSURGXWRVGHVVHV LQWHUQDFLRQDLV
IDEULFDQWHV*% 0% N% %\WHV (P  QR &DPSHRQDWR 0XQGLDO GH %DUFHORQD
&RPR D PDLRULD GRV SURJUDPDV GH FRPSXWDGRUHV QD (VSDQKD &pVDU &LHOR REWHYH R SULPHLUR OXJDU
XWLOL]DPDVXQLGDGHVEDVHDGDVHPSRWrQFLDVGH QR HVWLOR OLYUH QDGDQGR   PHWURV HP 
XPGLVFRLQIRUPDGRSHORIDEULFDQWHFRPRVHQGRGH VHJXQGRV 

 *% DSDUHFHUi DRV XVXiULRV FRPR SRVVXLQGR 'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSSWZLNLSHGLDRUJ


DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH*% $FHVVRHPPDU

8P GLVFR UtJLGR HVWi VHQGR YHQGLGR FRPR $ SRVLomR RFXSDGD SHOR DOJDULVPR   QHVVH
SRVVXLQGR  JLJDE\WHV FRQVLGHUDQGR XQLGDGHV
UHJLVWURGHWHPSRFRUUHVSRQGHD
HPSRWrQFLDVGH 
 D  XQLGDGHVGHVHJXQGRV
4XDO GRV YDORUHV HVWi PDLV SUy[LPR GR YDORU E  PLOpVLPRVGHVHJXQGRV
LQIRUPDGR SRU XP SURJUDPD TXH XWLOL]H PHGLGDV F  FHQWpVLPRVGHVHJXQGRV
EDVHDGDVHPSRWrQFLDVGH" G  FHQWHQDVGHVHJXQGRV
 H  GpFLPRVGHVHJXQGRV
D  *% 
E  *%  (QHP /LEUDV  0HGLUGLVWkQFLDVVHPSUH
F  *% IRLXPDQHFHVVLGDGHGDKXPDQLGDGH$RORQJRGR
G  *% WHPSRIH]VHQHFHVViULDDFULDomRGHXQLGDGHVGH
H  *% PHGLGDVTXHSXGHVVHPUHSUHVHQWDUWDLVGLVWkQFLDV
 FRPR SRU H[HPSOR R PHWUR 8PD XQLGDGH GH
 (QHP /LEUDV     $ &KODP\GLD D PHQRU FRPSULPHQWR SRXFR FRQKHFLGD p D 8QLGDGH
EDFWpULDGRPXQGRPHGHFHUFDGHPLFU{PHWUR $VWURQ{PLFD 8$  XWLOL]DGD SDUD GHVFUHYHU SRU
PLFU{PHWURHTXLYDOHjPLOLRQpVLPDSDUWHGHXP H[HPSOR GLVWkQFLDV HQWUH FRUSRV FHOHVWHV 3RU
PHWUR 3DUDWHUXPDQRomRGHFRPRpSHTXHQDD GHILQLomR8$HTXLYDOHjGLVWkQFLDHQWUHD7HUUDH
&KODP\GLD XPD SHVVRD UHVROYHX GHVFUHYHU R R 6RO TXH HP QRWDomR FLHQWtILFD p GDGD SRU
WDPDQKRGDEDFWpULDQDXQLGDGHPLOtPHWUR uPLOK}HVGHTXLO{PHWURV
$PHGLGDGD&KODP\GLDHPPLOtPHWURp 1D PHVPD IRUPD GH UHSUHVHQWDomR 8$ HP
 PHWURHTXLYDOHD

D   u   
D   u  P 
E   u   
E   u  P 
F  u  
F   u  P 
G   u   
H   u   G   u  P 
H   u  P 

12 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA



GABARITO

( & ' ' &
( ' $ $ $
& ( & % $
& $ ( ( 


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 13


ANTÍGENO UERJ (QUALIFICAÇÃO)

MATEMÁTICA
ARITMÉTICA


 8HUM   $ VRPD GH GRLV Q~PHURV QDWXUDLV  8HUM 
GLIHUHQWHVp$PERVVmRP~OWLSORVGH

$GLIHUHQoDHQWUHRPDLRUQ~PHURHRPHQRUp

D  
E  
F  
G  


 8HUM   8PD JHUHQWH GH ORMD H VHX
DVVLVWHQWHYLDMDPFRPIUHTXrQFLDSDUD6mR3DXORH
YROWDP QR PHVPR GLD $ JHUHQWH YLDMD D FDGD  
GLDV H R DVVLVWHQWH D FDGD  GLDV UHJXODUPHQWH
(P XP ILQDO GH VHPDQD HOHV YLDMDUDP MXQWRV
'HSRLV GH [ YLDJHQV GD JHUHQWH H \ YLDJHQV GR
DVVLVWHQWH VR]LQKRV HOHV YLDMDUDP MXQWRV
QRYDPHQWH

2PHQRUYDORUGH[\p

D  
E  
F  
G  

 
 8HUM 7HPVHTXHRQ~PHUR DDDDDD  2QoD H OLEUD VmR XQLGDGHV GH PDVVD GR VLVWHPD
p GLYLVtYHO SRU  VH R YDORU GD H[SUHVVmR LQJOrV6DEHVHTXHRQoDVHTXLYDOHPDOLEUDH
TXHRQoDVpLJXDOD [ OLEUDV
D  D  D  D  D  D WDPEpPpGLYLVtYHOSRU

 2YDORUGH[pLJXDOD
 
3RUH[HPSOR  pGLYLVtYHOSRUSRUTXH D  
            pGLYLVtYHOSRU   E  
 F  
&RQVLGHUHDVHQKDGHVHLVGtJLWRV[\VHQGR[ G  
H\SHUWHQFHQWHVDRFRQMXQWR 
^         `  7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2


/XF\FDLXGDiUYRUH
6HHVVDVHQKDIRUPDXPQ~PHURGLYLVtYHOSRUR

DOJDULVPR \ pLJXDOD
&RQWDDOHQGDTXHQDQRLWHGHGHQRYHPEURGH
 DVHVWUHODVEULOKDYDPQDEHLUDGRULR$ZDVK
D   QR LQWHULRU GD (WLySLD 8P JUDYDGRU . UHSHWLD D
E   P~VLFD GRV %HDWOHV ³/XF\ LQ WKH 6N\ ZLWK
F   'LDPRQGV´,QVSLUDGRVRVSDOHRQWyORJRVGHFLGLUDP
G   TXH D IrPHD $/  FXMR HVTXHOHWR KDYLD VLGR
 HVFDYDGR QDTXHOD WDUGH VHULD DSHOLGDGD
 FDULQKRVDPHQWHGH/XF\
 /XF\WLQKDPHSHVDYDNJ$OWXUDHSHVRGH
 XP FKLPSDQ]p 0DV QmR VH LOXGD /XF\ QmR


14 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


SHUWHQFHjOLQKDJHPTXHGHXRULJHPDRVPDFDFRV  8HUM   6HJXQGR RV SDOHRQWyORJRV /XF\
PRGHUQRV (OD Mi DQGDYD HUHWD VREUH RV PHPEURV WLQKDPGHDOWXUDHNJGHPDVVDFRUSRUDO
LQIHULRUHV /XF\ SHUWHQFH j OLQKDJHP TXH GHX VHQGR SRVVtYHO FDOFXODU VHX ËQGLFH GH 0DVVD
RULJHP DR DQLPDO TXH HVFUHYH HVWD FU{QLFD H DR &RUSRUDO ,0& &RQVLGHUHDFODVVLILFDomRDVHJXLU
DQLPDOTXHDHVWiOHQGRHXHYRFr 
2VRVVRVIRUDPGDWDGRV/XF\PRUUHXPLOK}HV ,0& &ODVVLILFDomR
GH DQRV DWUiV (OD YLYHX  PLOK}HV GH DQRV DQWHV
GR DSDUHFLPHQWR GRV SULPHLURV DQLPDLV GR QRVVR    0DJUH]DJUDYH
JrQHUR R Homo habilis $ HQRUPLGDGH GH   D   0DJUH]DPRGHUDGD
PLOK}HV GH DQRV VHSDUD /XF\ GRV PDLV DQWLJRV  D   0DJUH]DOHYH
HVTXHOHWRVGHQRVVDHVSpFLHRHomo sapiensTXH
 D   3HVRDGHTXDGR
VXUJLXQRSODQHWDID]PHURVPLODQRV/XF\GD
HVSpFLH Australopithecus afarensis p XPD  D   3UpREHVLGDGH
UHSUHVHQWDQWH GDV PXLWDV HVSpFLHV TXH H[LVWLUDP  D   REHVLGDGHOHYH
QD pSRFD HPTXHDOLQKDJHPTXHGHXRULJHPDRV  D   REHVLGDGHVHYHUD
KRPHQV PRGHUQRV VH VHSDURX GD TXH GHX RULJHP
t   2EHVLGDGHPyUELGD
DRV PDFDFRV PRGHUQRV /XF\ Mi IRL FKDPDGD GH
DGDSWDGRGHDSSVZKRLQW
HORSHUGLGRRSRQWRGHELIXUFDomRTXHQRVVHSDURX
GRVQRVVRVSDUHQWHVPDLVSUy[LPRV 
8PDGDVSULQFLSDLVG~YLGDVVREUHDYLGDGH/XF\p PDVVD NJ
6DEHQGR TXH ,0&  H FRP EDVH QD
D VHJXLQWH HOD Mi HUD XP DQLPDO WHUUHVWUH FRPR DOWXUD  P
QyVRXDLQGDVXELDHPiUYRUHV" WDEHODDFODVVLILFDomRGH/XF\p

0XLWRV RVVRV GH /XF\ IRUDP HQFRQWUDGRV 
TXHEUDGRVVHXVIUDJPHQWRVHVSDOKDGRVSHORFKmR D  SUpREHVLGDGH
$Wp DJRUD VH DFUHGLWDYD TXH LVVR VH GHYLD DR E  PDJUH]DJUDYH
SURFHVVR GH IRVVLOL]DomR H jV GLYHUVDV IRUoDV jV F  SHVRDGHTXDGR
TXDLVHVVHVRVVRVKDYLDPVLGRVXEPHWLGRV0DVRV G  REHVLGDGHPyUELGD
FLHQWLVWDV UHVROYHUDP HVWXGDU HP GHWDOKHV DV 
IUDWXUDV  8HUM   8PD FDPSDQKD GH VXSHUPHUFDGR
$V IUDWXUDV SULQFLSDOPHQWH QR EUDoR VmR GH SHUPLWHDWURFDGHRLWRJDUUDIDVYD]LDVGHTXDOTXHU
FRPSUHVVmRDTXHODTXHRFRUUHTXDQGRFDtPRVGH YROXPH SRU XPD JDUUDID GH  OLWUR FKHLD GH
XP ORFDO DOWR H DSRLDPRV RV PHPEURV SDUD JXDUDQi &RQVLGHUH XPD SHVVRD TXH WHQGR  
DPRUWHFHUDTXHGD1HVVHFDVRDIRUoDpH[HUFLGD JDUUDIDV YD]LDV IH] WRGDV DV WURFDV SRVVtYHLV
DRORQJRGRHL[RPDLRUGRRVVRFDXVDQGRXPWLSR $SyV HVYD]LDU WRGDV DV JDUUDIDV TXH JDQKRX HOD
GH IUDWXUD TXH p H[DWDPHQWH R HQFRQWUDGR HP WDPEpPDVWURFDQRPHVPRVXSHUPHUFDGR
/XF\8VDQGRUDFLRFtQLRVFRPRHVVHRVFLHQWLVWDV 
IRUDPFDSD]HVGHH[SOLFDUWRGDVDVIUDWXUDVDSDUWLU 6H QmR VmR DFUHVFHQWDGDV QRYDV JDUUDIDV YD]LDV R
GD KLSyWHVH GH TXH /XF\ FDLX GR DOWR GH XPD WRWDOPi[LPRGHOLWURVGHJXDUDQiUHFHELGRVSRUHVVD
iUYRUHGHSpVHLQFOLQRXSDUDIUHQWHHDPRUWL]RXD SHVVRDHPWRGRRSURFHVVRGHWURFDHTXLYDOHD
TXHGDFRPREUDoR 

8PD TXHGD GH  D  PHWURV H /XF\ DWLQJLULD R D  
VRORDNPKRVXILFLHQWHSDUDPDWDUXPDSHVVRD E  
H FDXVDU HVVH WLSR GH IUDWXUD &RPR H[LVWLDP F  
iUYRUHV GHVVD DOWXUD RQGH /XF\ YLYLD H PXLWRV G  
FKLPSDQ]pV VREHP DWp  PHWURV SDUD FRPHU 
XPDTXHGDFRPRHVVDpIiFLOGHLPDJLQDU  8HUM   2 DQR ELVVH[WR SRVVXL  GLDV H
$FRQFOXVmRpTXH/XF\PRUUHXDRFDLUGDiUYRUH VHPSUHpP~OWLSORGH2DQRGHIRLR~OWLPR
( VH FDLX HUD SRUTXH HVWDYD Oi HP FLPD ( VH ELVVH[WR3RUpPKiFDVRVHVSHFLDLVGHDQRVTXH
HVWDYD Oi HP FLPD HUD SRUTXH VDELD VXELU (QILP DSHVDU GH P~OWLSORV GH   QmR VmR ELVVH[WRV VmR
VXJHUHTXH/XF\KDELWDYDiUYRUHV DTXHOHV TXH WDPEpP VmR P~OWLSORV GH  H QmR
0DV QD PLQKD PHQWH ILFRX XPD G~YLGD 4XDQGR VmR P~OWLSORV GH  2 DQR GH  IRL R ~OWLPR
FULDQoD HX VXELD HP iUYRUHV ( HUD SRU QmR FDVRHVSHFLDO
VHUPRV JUDQGHV HVFDODGRUHV GH iUYRUHV TXH HX H 
PHXV DPLJRV YLYtDPRV FDLQGR DOJXQV TXHEUDQGR $ VRPD GRV DOJDULVPRV GR SUy[LPR DQR TXH VHUi
EUDoRV H SHUQDV 6HUi TXH /XF\ PRUUHX XPFDVRHVSHFLDOp
H[DWDPHQWH SRU WHQWDU ID]HU DOJR TXH Mi QmR HUD 
QDWXUDOSDUDVXDHVSpFLH" D  
 E  
)HUQDQGR5HLQDFK
DGDSWDGRGHO Estado de S. Paulo F  
 G  
 


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 15


 8HUM 1DWDEHODDEDL[RHVWmRLQGLFDGDVWUrV
SRVVLELOLGDGHVGHDUUXPDUn FDGHUQRVHPSDFRWHV

1žGH
1žGH 1žGHFDGHUQRV
FDGHUQRVSRU
SDFRWHV TXHVREUDP
SDFRWHV
;  
<  
=  

6Hn pPHQRUGRTXHDVRPDGRVDOJDULVPRV
GRPDLRUYDORUGHn p

D  
E  
F  
G  

7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2

8PD ORMD LGHQWLILFD VHXV SURGXWRV FRP XP FyGLJR
TXH XWLOL]D  EDUUDV ILQDV RX JURVVDV 1HVVH
VLVWHPD GH FRGLILFDomR D EDUUD ILQD UHSUHVHQWD R
]HUR H D JURVVD R  $ FRQYHUVmR GR FyGLJR HP
DOJDULVPRV GR Q~PHUR FRUUHVSRQGHQWH D FDGD
SURGXWRGHYHVHUIHLWDGHDFRUGRFRPHVWDWDEHOD

&yGLJR $OJDULVPR  &yGLJR $OJDULVPR
    
    
    
    
    

2EVHUYH XP H[HPSOR GH FyGLJR H GH VHX Q~PHUR
FRUUHVSRQGHQWH




 8HUM   &RQVLGHUH R FyGLJR DEDL[R TXH
LGHQWLILFDGHWHUPLQDGRSURGXWR




(VVHFyGLJRFRUUHVSRQGHDRVHJXLQWHQ~PHUR

D  
E  
F  
G  

GABARITO

% & ' & &
% $ % $ 


16 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO FUVEST (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
COMBINATÓRIA, ESTATÍSTICA E PROBABILIDADE


 )XYHVW   &DUURV TXH VDHP GD FLGDGH $  )XYHVW 8PDVHWDDSRQWDSDUDDSRVLomR
UXPR D DOJXPD GDV FLGDGHV WXUtVWLFDV ( ) H * ]HURQRLQVWDQWHLQLFLDO$FDGDURGDGDHODSRGHUi
ID]HP FDPLQKRV GLYHUVRV SDVVDQGR SRU SHOR ILFDU QR PHVPR OXJDU RX PRYHUVH XPD XQLGDGH
PHQRV XPD GDV FLGDGHV % & H ' DSHQDV QR SDUD D GLUHLWD RX PRYHUVH XPD XQLGDGH SDUD D
VHQWLGRLQGLFDGRSHODVVHWDVFRPRPRVWUDDILJXUD HVTXHUGD FDGD XPD GHVVDV WUrV SRVVLELOLGDGHV
2V Q~PHURV LQGLFDGRV QDV VHWDV VmR DV FRPLJXDOSUREDELOLGDGH
SUREDELOLGDGHV GHQWUH HVVHV FDUURV GH VH LU GH 
XPDFLGDGHDRXWUD




4XDOpDSUREDELOLGDGHGHTXHDSyV  URGDGDVD
VHWDYROWHjSRVLomRLQLFLDO"


D 


E 


F 

 
 G 
1HVVHFHQiULRDSUREDELOLGDGHGHXPFDUURLUGH$ 
D)p 
H 
 
D   
E    )XYHVW   'R]H SRQWRV VmR DVVLQDODGRV
F   VREUHTXDWURVHJPHQWRVGHUHWDGHIRUPDTXHWUrV
G   SRQWRV VREUH WUrV VHJPHQWRV GLVWLQWRV QXQFD VmR
H   FROLQHDUHVFRPRQDILJXUD
 
 )XYHVW   8PD FLGDGH p GLYLGLGD HP GRLV
6HWRUHV R 6HWRU 6XO FRP iUHD GH  NP   H R
6HWRU 1RUWH FRP iUHD GH  NP   $SyV XP ILQDO
GH VHPDQD IRUDP GLYXOJDGRV RV VHJXLQWHV WRWDLV
SOXYLRPpWULFRV

'LD 6XO 1RUWH 

6iEDGR  PP  PP  2 Q~PHUR GH WULkQJXORV GLVWLQWRV TXH SRGHP VHU
'RPLQJR  PP   PP  GHVHQKDGRV FRP RV YpUWLFHV QRV SRQWRV
 DVVLQDODGRVp
e FRUUHWR DILUPDU TXH R WRWDO SOXYLRPpWULFR GHVVH 
ILQDOGHVHPDQDQDFLGDGHLQWHLUDIRLGH D  
 E  
D PP F  
E PP G  
F PP H  
G PP 
H PP 


ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 17


 )XYHVW (PXPDXUQDKiERODVDPDUHODV  )XYHVW   (P XPD FODVVH FRP   DOXQRV
EUDQFDVHYHUPHOKDV6DEHVHTXH   VmR PXOKHUHV H   VmR KRPHQV $ PpGLD GDV
 QRWDV GDV PXOKHUHV QR ILQDO GR VHPHVWUH ILFRX  
, $ SUREDELOLGDGH GH UHWLUDU XPD EROD YHUPHOKD SRQWRDFLPDGDPpGLDGDFODVVH$VRPDGDVQRWDV
GHVVD XUQD p R GREUR GD SUREDELOLGDGH GH GRV KRPHQV IRL PHWDGH GD VRPD GDV QRWDV GDV
UHWLUDUXPDERODDPDUHOD PXOKHUHV (QWmR D PpGLD GDV QRWDV GRV KRPHQV
,, 6H IRUHP UHWLUDGDV   ERODV DPDUHODV GHVVD ILFRXPDLVSUy[LPDGH
XUQD D SUREDELOLGDGH GH UHWLUDU XPD EROD 
 D  
YHUPHOKDSDVVDDVHU   E  

F  
,,, 6HIRUHPUHWLUDGDV  ERODVYHUPHOKDVGHVVD
G  
XUQD D SUREDELOLGDGH GH UHWLUDU XPD EROD
H  
 
EUDQFDSDVVDDVHU  
  )XYHVW 'HXPEDUDOKRGHFDUWDVVHWH
 GH FDGD QDLSH /XtV UHFHEH FLQFR FDUWDV GXDV GH
$TXDQWLGDGHGHERODVEUDQFDVQDXUQDp RXURV XPD GH HVSDGDV XPD GH FRSDV H XPD GH
 SDXV(OHPDQWpPFRQVLJRDVGXDVFDUWDVGHRXURV
D    H WURFD DV GHPDLV SRU WUrV FDUWDV HVFROKLGDV DR
E    DFDVR GHQWUH DV  FDUWDV TXH WLQKDP ILFDGR QR
F    EDUDOKR $ SUREDELOLGDGH GH DR ILQDO /XtV
G    FRQVHJXLUFLQFRFDUWDVGHRXURVp

H   

 D 
 )XYHVW   &OiXGLD 3DXOR 5RGULJR H $QD 
EULQFDP HQWUH VL GH DPLJRVHFUHWR RX DPLJR 
E 
RFXOWR  &DGD QRPH p HVFULWR HP XP SHGDoR GH 
SDSHO TXH p FRORFDGR HP XPD XUQD H FDGD 
SDUWLFLSDQWHUHWLUDXPGHOHVDRDFDVR F 



$ SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH QHQKXP SDUWLFLSDQWH UHWLUH G 
VHXSUySULRQRPHp 
 
H 
 
D 
 
  )XYHVW ([DPLQHRJUiILFR
E  


F 


G 


H 


 )XYHVW   (P XP H[SHULPHQWR
SUREDELOtVWLFR -RDQD UHWLUDUi DOHDWRULDPHQWH 
ERODV GH XPD FDL[D FRQWHQGR ERODV D]XLV H ERODV
YHUPHOKDV $R PRQWDUVH R H[SHULPHQWR FRORFDP
VHERODVD]XLVQDFDL[D

4XDQWDV ERODV YHUPHOKDV GHYHP VHU 
DFUHVFHQWDGDV SDUD TXH D SUREDELOLGDGH GH -RDQD 
 &RP EDVH QRV GDGRV GR JUiILFR SRGHVH DILUPDU
REWHUD]XLVVHMD " 
 FRUUHWDPHQWHTXHDLGDGH
 
D   D  PHGLDQD GDV PmHV GDV FULDQoDV QDVFLGDV HP
E   IRLPDLRUTXHDQRV
F   E  PHGLDQD GDV PmHV GDV FULDQoDV QDVFLGDV HP
G   IRLPHQRUTXHDQRV
H  

18 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


F  PHGLDQD GDV PmHV GDV FULDQoDV QDVFLGDV HP  )XYHVW   &RQVLGHUH WRGRV RV SDUHV
IRLPDLRUTXHDQRV RUGHQDGRV GH Q~PHURV QDWXUDLV DE  HP TXH
G  PpGLD GDV PmHV GDV FULDQoDV QDVFLGDV HP  d D d   H  d E d   &DGD XP GHVVHV SDUHV
IRLPDLRUTXHDQRV RUGHQDGRV HVWi HVFULWR HP XP FDUWmR GLIHUHQWH
H  PpGLD GDV PmHV GDV FULDQoDV QDVFLGDV HP 6RUWHDQGRVHXPGHVVHVFDUW}HVDRDFDVRTXDOp
IRLPHQRUTXHDQRV D SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH VH REWHQKD XP SDU

 )XYHVW 2JDPmRpXPMRJRGHWDEXOHLUR RUGHQDGR DE GH WDO IRUPD TXH D IUDomR D  VHMD
E
PXLWR DQWLJR SDUD GRLV RSRQHQWHV TXH FRPELQD D LUUHGXWtYHOHFRPGHQRPLQDGRUSDU"
VRUWH HP ODQFHV GH GDGRV FRP HVWUDWpJLD QR 
PRYLPHQWR GDV SHoDV 3HODV UHJUDV DGRWDGDV 
DWXDOPHQWHQR%UDVLORQ~PHURWRWDOGHFDVDVTXH D 

DV SHoDV GH XP MRJDGRU SRGHP DYDQoDU QXPD

GDGD MRJDGD p GHWHUPLQDGR SHOR UHVXOWDGR GR E 
ODQoDPHQWRGHGRLVGDGRV(VVHQ~PHURpLJXDOj 
VRPDGRVYDORUHVREWLGRVQRVGRLVGDGRVVHHVVHV 
F 
YDORUHVIRUHPGLIHUHQWHVHQWUHVLHpLJXDODRGREUR 
GD VRPD VH RV YDORUHV REWLGRV QRV GRLV GDGRV 
IRUHP LJXDLV 6XSRQGR TXH RV GDGRV QmR VHMDP G 

YLFLDGRV D SUREDELOLGDGH GH XP MRJDGRU SRGHU
ID]HU VXDV SHoDV DQGDUHP SHOR PHQRV RLWR FDVDV 
H 
HPXPDMRJDGDp 
 
  )XYHVW   8P GDGR F~ELFR QmR YLFLDGR
D 
 FRP IDFHV QXPHUDGDV GH  D  p ODQoDGR WUrV
 YH]HV (P FDGD ODQoDPHQWR DQRWDVH R Q~PHUR
E  REWLGRQDIDFHVXSHULRUGRGDGRIRUPDQGRVHXPD
 VHTXrQFLD DEF 4XDOpDSUREDELOLGDGHGHTXH
 EVHMDVXFHVVRUGHDRXTXHFVHMDVXFHVVRUGHE"
F 
 
 
G  D 
 
 
H  E 
 
 
F 
 )XYHVW   &DGD XPD GDV FLQFR OLVWDV 
GDGDVpDUHODomRGHQRWDVREWLGDVSRUVHLVDOXQRV 
GHXPDWXUPDHPXPDFHUWDSURYD G 

$VVLQDOHD~QLFDOLVWDQDTXDODPpGLDGDVQRWDVp
PDLRUGRTXHDPHGLDQD 
H 
 
D         
E          )XYHVW 0DULDGHYHFULDUXPDVHQKDGH
GtJLWRV SDUD VXD FRQWD EDQFiULD 1HVVD VHQKD
F        
VRPHQWH RV DOJDULVPRV      SRGHP VHU
G         XVDGRV H XP PHVPR DOJDULVPR SRGH DSDUHFHU
H         PDLV GH XPD YH] &RQWXGR VXSHUVWLFLRVD 0DULD
 QmR TXHU TXH VXD VHQKD FRQWHQKD R Q~PHUR 
 )XYHVW 9LQWHWLPHVGHIXWHEROGLVSXWDP LVWR p R DOJDULVPR  VHJXLGR LPHGLDWDPHQWH SHOR
D 6pULH $ GR &DPSHRQDWR %UDVLOHLUR VHQGR VHLV DOJDULVPR  'H TXDQWDV PDQHLUDV GLVWLQWDV 0DULD
GHOHVSDXOLVWDV&DGDWLPHMRJDGXDVYH]HVFRQWUD SRGHHVFROKHUVXDVHQKD"
FDGDXPGRVVHXVDGYHUViULRV$SRUFHQWDJHPGH 
MRJRVQRVTXDLVRVGRLVRSRQHQWHVVmRSDXOLVWDVp D  
 E  
D  PHQRUTXH F  
E  PDLRUTXHPDVPHQRUTXH G   
F  PDLRUTXHPDVPHQRUTXH H  
G  PDLRUTXHPDVPHQRUTXH 
H  PDLRUTXH 
 
 

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 19


 )XYHVW   'RLV GDGRV F~ELFRV QmR  )XYHVW   8P UHFHQVHDPHQWR UHYHORX DV
YLFLDGRV FRP IDFHV QXPHUDGDV GH  D  VHUmR VHJXLQWHV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV VREUH D LGDGH H D
ODQoDGRVVLPXOWDQHDPHQWH$SUREDELOLGDGHGHTXH HVFRODULGDGHGDSRSXODomRGHXPDFLGDGH
VHMDP VRUWHDGRV GRLV Q~PHURV FRQVHFXWLYRV FXMD 
VRPDVHMDXPQ~PHURSULPRpGH

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 )XYHVW 8PDORWDomRSRVVXLWUrVEDQFRV
SDUD SDVVDJHLURV FDGD XP FRP WUrV OXJDUHV H
GHYH WUDQVSRUWDU RV WUrV PHPEURV GD IDPtOLD
6RXVD R FDVDO /~FLD H 0DXUR H PDLV TXDWUR
SHVVRDV$OpPGLVVR
 
 DIDPtOLD6RXVDTXHURFXSDUXPPHVPREDQFR 
 /~FLDH0DXURTXHUHPVHQWDUVHODGRDODGR 6HIRUVRUWHDGDDRDFDVRXPDSHVVRDGDFLGDGH

D SUREDELOLGDGH GH HVWD SHVVRD WHU FXUVR VXSHULRU
1HVVDVFRQGLo}HVRQ~PHURGHPDQHLUDVGLVWLQWDV FRPSOHWRRXLQFRPSOHWR p
GHGLVSRURVQRYHSDVVDJHLURVQDORWDomRpLJXDOD 
 D  
D   E  
E   F  
F   G  
G   H  
H  

  )XYHVW   3DUWLFLSDP GH XP WRUQHLR GH
 )XYHVW   (P XPD FODVVH GH  DOXQRV YROHLERO  WLPHV GLVWULEXtGRV HP  FKDYHV GH 
WRGRV VH GmR EHP FRP H[FHomR GH $QGUpLD TXH WLPHVFDGD1DDIDVHGRWRUQHLRRVWLPHVMRJDP
YLYHEULJDQGRFRP0DQRHOH$OEHUWR HQWUH VL XPD ~QLFD YH] XP ~QLFR WXUQR  WRGRV
1HVVD FODVVH VHUi FRQVWLWXtGD XPD FRPLVVmR GH FRQWUD WRGRV HP FDGD FKDYH VHQGR TXH RV 
FLQFR DOXQRV FRP D H[LJrQFLD GH TXH FDGD PHOKRUHVGHFDGDFKDYHSDVVDPSDUDDDIDVH
PHPEURVHUHODFLRQHEHPFRPWRGRVRVRXWURV 1D D IDVH RV MRJRV VmR HOLPLQDWyULRV GHSRLV GH
 FDGD SDUWLGD DSHQDV R YHQFHGRU SHUPDQHFH QR
4XDQWDVFRPLVV}HVSRGHPVHUIRUPDGDV" WRUQHLR /RJR R Q~PHUR GH MRJRV QHFHVViULRV DWp
 TXHVHDSXUHRFDPSHmRGRWRUQHLRp
D   
E   D  
F   E  
G   F  
H   G  
 H  
 )XYHVW (PXPDFHUWDFRPXQLGDGHGRLV 
KRPHQV VHPSUH VH FXPSULPHQWDP QD FKHJDGD 
FRPXPDSHUWRGHPmRHVHGHVSHGHP QDVDtGD  GABARITO
FRP RXWUR DSHUWR GH PmR 8P KRPHP H XPD 
PXOKHU VH FXPSULPHQWDP FRP XP DSHUWR GH PmR
PDVVHGHVSHGHPFRPXPDFHQR'XDVPXOKHUHV ( ' % ' &
Vy WURFDP DFHQRV WDQWR SDUD VH FXPSULPHQWDUHP ' % & & '
TXDQWRSDUDVHGHVSHGLUHP & ' % ( &
(P XPD FRPHPRUDomR QD TXDO  SHVVRDV $ $ ( $ %
DOPRoDUDP MXQWDV WRGRV VH FXPSULPHQWDUDP H VH
% (   
GHVSHGLUDPQDIRUPDGHVFULWDDFLPD4XDQWRVGRV
SUHVHQWHV HUDP PXOKHUHV VDEHQGR TXH IRUDP 
WURFDGRVDSHUWRVGHPmR"

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

20 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UNESP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
COMBINATÓRIA, ESTATÍSTICA E PROBABILIDADE

1
 8QHVS  De acordo com levantamento
realizado de janeiro a outubro de 2018, o Brasil
apareceu em primeiro lugar como o país em que
cada habitante mais recebeu chamadas telefônicas
spam, que incluem ligações indesejadas de
telemarketing, trotes e golpes. A tabela mostra o
número médio de chamadas spam recebidas
mensalmente por usuário no Brasil e em outros
países.

1žPpGLRGH
&RORFDomR 3DtV OLJDo}HVVSDP
PHQVDOSRUXVXiULR
1º Brasil 37,5
2º Índia 22,3
3º Chile 21,9
4º África do Sul 21,0
5º México 20,9
6º Peru 19,8
7º Costa Rica 18,6
De acordo com o gráfico, em apenas um dos
Estados
8º 16,9 sentidos e em um determinado período foram
Unidos
registradas seguidas reduções anuais no tempo
9º Grécia 13,1 médio de deslocamento ao longo das vias.
10º Espanha 12,5 Comparando 2017 com 2013, a redução do tempo
(Mariana Alvim. “Quem me liga? Como ligações de deslocamento nessas vias, em porcentagem, é
telefônicas de robôs se tornaram um problema de, aproximadamente,
mundial”. www.bbc.com, 13.04.2019. Adaptado.)
a) 2,9%.
A diferença entre o número médio de chamadas b) 5,1%
spam recebidas mensalmente por usuário no Brasil c) 21,7 %.
e a média aritmética do número médio de d) 1,8 %.
chamadas spam recebidas mensalmente por e) 27,7 %.
usuário nos demais países da América Latina
apresentados na tabela é igual a  8QHVS Dois números reais de 0 a 4, e que
podem ser iguais, serão sorteados ao acaso.
a) 17,2 Denotando-se esses números por x e y, a probabili-
b) 17,4 dade de que eles sejam tais que x2 + y2 d 1 é igual a
c) 16,7
d) 16,6 1
a)
e) 17,9 20
Ɏ
 8QHVS   A Companhia de Engenharia de b)
Tráfego (CET) divulgou um estudo apresentando a 64
mobilidade no sistema viário da cidade de São Ɏ
c)
Paulo. Um dos resultados desse estudo consiste 20
na comparação da velocidade média do tráfego Ɏ
geral, em um importante conjunto de vias, no d)
16
sentido bairro-centro (BC) e no sentido centro-
bairro (CB), nos horários de pico dos períodos da Ɏ
e)
manhã e da tarde, de 2013 a 2017. O gráfico 8
apresenta esse comparativo:

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 21


 8QHVS  Dois dados convencionais e Usando essas peças, é possível fazer diferentes
honestos foram lançados ao acaso. Sabendo-se pilhas de três blocos. A seguir, são exemplificadas
que saiu o número 6 em pelo menos um deles, a quatro das pilhas possíveis.
probabilidade de que tenha saído o número 1 no
outro é igual a

2
a)
9
8
b)
11
2
c)
11 Utilizando os blocos que possui, o total de pilhas
1 diferentes de três blocos, incluindo as
d)
6 exemplificadas, que a criança pode fazer é igual a
1
e) a) 58.
18 b) 20.
c) 42.
 8QHVS  O gráfico indica o número de d) 36.
vítimas fatais no trânsito de uma grande cidade em e) 72.
2017. Os dados estão distribuídos por quatro faixas
etárias e por três categorias de locomoção dessas  8QHVS  Em um jogo de tabuleiro, o
vítimas: pedestres, ciclistas e motociclistas. jogador desloca seu peão nas casas por meio dos
pontos obtidos no lançamento de um par de dados
convencionais e não viciados. Se o jogador obtém
números diferentes nos dados, ele avança um total
de casas igual à soma dos pontos obtidos nos
dados, encerrando-se a jogada. Por outro lado, se
o jogador obtém números iguais nos dados, ele
lança novamente o par de dados e avança seu
peão pela soma dos pontos obtidos nos dois
lançamentos, encerrando-se a jogada.

A figura a seguir indica a posição do peão no


tabuleiro desse jogo antes do início de uma jogada.

Nesse ano, a porcentagem de vítimas fatais que se


deslocavam de bicicleta e tinham menos de 30
anos, em relação ao total de vítimas das quatro
Iniciada a jogada, a probabilidade de que o peão
faixas etárias e das três categorias de locomoção,
encerre a jogada na casa indicada na figura com a
foi de
bomba é igual a
a) 15,6%.
37
b) 21,6%. a)
324
c) 30%.
49
d) 12,5%. b)
432
e) 27,2%.
23
c)
144
 8QHVS   Uma criança possui 6 blocos de
23
encaixe, sendo 2 amarelos, 2 vermelhos, 1 verde d)
e 1 azul. 135
23
e)
216

22 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS  Uma colher foi solta 978 vezes sorteado para receber um prêmio pela participação
ao acaso em direção ao chão. O registro da na pesquisa.
posição em que ela caiu sobre o chão está A tabela mostra os resultados percentuais
indicado na tabela. registrados na pesquisa, de acordo com as
diferentes categorias tabuladas.
WRWDOGH
ODQoDPHQWRV FDWHJRULDV SHUFHQWXDLV
ótimo 25
652 326 978 regular 43
péssimo 17
Usando as informações da tabela, é correto
concluir que a probabilidade de a colher cair sobre não opinaram 15
o chão virada para cima é a mesma probabilidade
de se obter, no lançamento de um dado Se cada consumidor votou uma única vez, a
convencional honesto de seis faces, um número probabilidade de o consumidor sorteado estar entre
os que opinaram e ter votado na categoria péssimo
a) maior que 4. é, aproximadamente,
b) primo.
a) 20%.
c) menor que 6.
b) 30%.
d) múltiplo de 5.
c) 26%.
e) maior que 2.
d) 29%.
 8QHVS   Um dado convencional e uma e) 23%.
moeda, ambos não viciados, serão lançados
simultaneamente. Uma das faces da moeda está  8QHVS  Em uma dissertação de
marcada com o número 3, e a outra com o número mestrado, a autora investigou a possível influência
6. A probabilidade de que a média aritmética entre do descarte de óleo de cozinha na água.
o número obtido da face do dado e o da face da Diariamente, o nível de oxigênio dissolvido na água
moeda esteja entre 2 e 4 é igual a de 4 aquários, que continham plantas aquáticas
submersas, foi monitorado.
1
a)
3
2
b)
3
1
c)
2
3 Cada aquário continha diferentes composições do
d)
4 volume ocupado pela água e pelo óleo de cozinha,
1 conforme consta na tabela.
e)
4
SHUFHQWXDOGRYROXPH , ,, ,,, ,9
 8QHVS  As urnas 1, 2 e 3 contêm, yOHR 0 10 20 30
respectivamente, apenas as letras das palavras
OURO, PRATA e BRONZE. Uma a uma são iJXD 100 90 80 70
retiradas letras dessas urnas, ordenadamente e de
forma cíclica, ou seja, a primeira letra retirada é da Como resultado da pesquisa, foi obtido o gráfico,
urna 1, a segunda é da urna 2, a terceira é da urna que registra o nível de concentração de oxigênio
3, a quarta volta a ser da urna 1, a quinta volta a dissolvido na água (C), em partes por milhão
ser da urna 2, e assim sucessivamente. O número (ppm), ao longo dos oito dias de experimento (T).
mínimo de letras retiradas das urnas dessa
maneira até que seja possível formar, com elas, a
palavra PRAZER é igual a

a) 8.
b) 6.
c) 10.
d) 9.
e) 7.

 8QHVS  Uma loja de departamentos fez


uma pesquisa de opinião com 1.000 consumidores,
para monitorar a qualidade de atendimento de seus
serviços. Um dos consumidores que opinaram foi

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 23


Tomando por base os dados e resultados atraso do mês, o administrador do empreendimento
apresentados, é correto afirmar que, no período e escolhe um boleto ao acaso. A probabilidade de
nas condições do experimento, que o boleto escolhido seja de um proprietário de
terreno sem edificação é de
a) não há dados suficientes para se estabelecer o
nível de influência da quantidade de óleo na 24
água sobre o nível de concentração de a)
350
oxigênio nela dissolvido.
24
b) quanto maior a quantidade de óleo na água, b)
maior a sua influência sobre o nível de 47
concentração de oxigênio nela dissolvido. 47
c)
c) quanto menor a quantidade de óleo na água, 350
maior a sua influência sobre o nível de 23
concentração de oxigênio nela dissolvido. d)
350
d) quanto maior a quantidade de óleo na água,
menor a sua influência sobre o nível de 23
e)
concentração de oxigênio nela dissolvido. 47
e) não houve influência da quantidade de óleo na
água sobre o nível de concentração de  8QHVS   Em ocasiões de concentração
oxigênio nela dissolvido. popular, frequentemente lemos ou escutamos
informações desencontradas a respeito do número
 8QHVS  Um professor, ao elaborar uma de participantes. Exemplo disso foram as
prova composta de 10 questões de múltipla informações divulgadas sobre a quantidade de
escolha, com 5 alternativas cada e apenas uma manifestantes em um dos protestos na capital
correta, deseja que haja um equilíbrio no número paulista, em junho passado. Enquanto a Polícia
de alternativas corretas, a serem assinaladas com Militar apontava a participação de 30 mil pessoas,
X na folha de respostas. Isto é, ele deseja que o Datafolha afirmava que havia, ao menos, 65 mil.
duas questões sejam assinaladas com a alternativa
A, duas com a B, e assim por diante, como mostra
o modelo.

0RGHORGHIROKDGHUHVSRVWD JDEDULWR 
A B C D E
01 X
02 X
03 X
04 X
05 X
06 X
07 X
08 X
09 X
10 X Tomando como base a foto, admita que:

Nessas condições, a quantidade de folha de (1) a extensão da rua plana e linear tomada pela
respostas diferentes, com a letra X disposta nas população seja de 500 metros;
alternativas corretas, será (2) o gráfico forneça o número médio de pessoas
por metro quadrado nas diferentes sessões
a) 302 400. transversais da rua;
b) 113 400.
c) 226 800.
d) 181 440.
e) 604 800.

 8QHVS  Em um condomínio residencial,


há 120 casas e 230 terrenos sem edificações. Em
um determinado mês, entre as casas, 20% dos
proprietários associados a cada casa estão com as
taxas de condomínio atrasadas, enquanto que,
entre os proprietários associados a cada terreno,
esse percentual é de 10%. De posse de todos os
boletos individuais de cobrança das taxas em

24 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


(3) a distribuição de pessoas por m2 em cada Nessas condições, o número estimado de pessoas
sessão transversal da rua tenha sido uniforme na foto seria de
em toda a extensão da manifestação.
a) 19 250.
b) 5 500.
c) 7 250.
d) 38 500.
e) 9 250.


 8QHVS O gráfico informa o percentual de variação do PIB brasileiro, em três setores produtivos,
quando comparado com o mesmo trimestre do ano anterior, em um período de sete trimestres.

Comparando-se os dados do gráfico, verifica-se que, no 3º trimestre de 2011 (2011/III), quando comparado
ao 3º trimestre de 2010 (2010/III), o PIB dos setores de agropecuária, indústria e serviços, respectivamente,

a) caiu 3,4%, 5,8% e 1,1%.


b) avançou 7,0%, 8,3% e 4,9%.
c) avançou 6,9% e caiu 0,7% e 1,4%.
d) caiu 0,1%, 7,3% e 2,9%.
e) avançou 6,9%, 1,0% e 2,0%.

 8QHVS  O mercado automobilístico a) 0,25.


brasileiro possui várias marcas de automóveis b) 0,24.
disponíveis aos consumidores. Para cinco dessas c) 0,20.
marcas (A, B, C, D e E), a matriz fornece a d) 0,09.
probabilidade de um proprietário de um carro de e) 0,00.
marca da linha i trocar para o carro de marca da
coluna j, quando da compra de um carro novo. Os  8QHVS  Em um jogo lotérico, com 40
termos da diagonal principal dessa matriz fornecem dezenas distintas e possíveis de serem escolhidas
as probabilidades de um proprietário permanecer para aposta, são sorteadas 4 dezenas e o
com a mesma marca de carro na compra de um ganhador do prêmio maior deve acertar todas elas.
novo. Se a aposta mínima, em 4 dezenas, custa R$ 2,00,
uma aposta em 6 dezenas deve custar:
$ % & ' (
$ 0,6 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,0 a) R$15,00 .
% 0,3 0,5 0,0 0,1 0,1 b) R$30,00 .
& 0,2 0,2 0,4 0,1 0,1
' 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,0 c) R$ 35,00 .
( 0,2 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,2 d) R$ 70,00 .
e) R$ 140,00 .
A probabilidade de um proprietário de um carro da
marca B comprar um novo carro da marca C, após
duas compras, é:

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 25


 8QHVS  Um grafo é uma figura Consideres os grafos:
constituída de um número finito de arestas ou
arcos, cujas extremidades são chamadas vértices.
Em um grafo, a “ordem de um vértice” é o número
de extremidades de arestas ou arcos que se
apoiam naquele vértice.
A figura 1 é um grafo cujos vértices A e C possuem
ordem 3 (o vértice A é o apoio de um arco cujas
extremidades coincidem) e os demais vértices
possuem ordem 2.

Além disso, dizemos que um grafo admite um


Os que admitem um “passeio de Euler” são
“passeio de Euler” se existir um caminho do qual
apenas:
façam parte todas as arestas ou arcos desse grafo,
sendo possível desenhá-lo sem tirar o lápis do
a) I e III.
papel e passando-o uma única vez em cada aresta
b) I e IV.
ou arco. Na figura 1 é possível fazer um “passeio
c) I, II e V.
de Euler” partindo-se apenas dos vértices “A” ou
d) I, III e IV.
“C”. Por exemplo, um possível “passeio” pode ser
e) I, IV e V.
representado pela sequência de vértices dada por:
AABCDEFC.


 8QHVS A revista 6XSHULQWHUHVVDQWH trouxe uma reportagem sobre o custo de vida em diferentes
cidades do mundo. A tabela mostra o ranking de cinco das 214 cidades pesquisadas pela “Mercer LLC”,
empresa americana, em 2010.
&LGDGHPDLVFDUDGR0XQGRILFDQDÈIULFD

26 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


Observando as informações, numéricas e coloridas, contidas na tabela, analise as afirmações:

I. O custo do aluguel em Luanda é o mais alto do mundo.


II. O custo do cafezinho em Tóquio é o mais alto do mundo.
III. O custo do jornal importado em São Paulo é o mais alto do mundo.
IV. O custo do lanche em Libreville é o mais alto do mundo.
V. O custo da gasolina em Tóquio é o mais alto do mundo.

Estão corretas as afirmações:

a) I, III e V, apenas.
b) II, III e IV, apenas.
c) I, II, III e IV, apenas.
d) I, III, IV e V, apenas.
e) I, II, III, IV e V.

 8QHVS   Paulo quer comprar um sorvete  8QHVS  Dois rapazes e duas moças irão
com 4 bolas em uma sorveteria que possui três viajar de ônibus, ocupando as poltronas de
sabores de sorvete: chocolate, morango e uva. De números 1 a 4, com 1 e 2 juntas e 3 e 4 juntas,
quantos modos diferentes ele pode fazer a compra? conforme o esquema.
a) 4.
b) 6.
c) 9.
d) 12.
e) 15.
O número de maneiras de ocupação dessas quatro
 8QHVS  A figura mostra a planta de um poltronas, garantindo que, em duas poltronas
bairro de uma cidade. Uma pessoa quer caminhar juntas, ao lado de uma moça sempre viaje um
do ponto A ao ponto B por um dos percursos mais rapaz, é
curtos. Assim, ela caminhará sempre nos sentidos
a) 4.
“de baixo para cima” ou “da esquerda para a
b) 6.
direita”. O número de percursos diferentes que
c) 8.
essa pessoa poderá fazer de A até B é:
d) 12.
e) 16.

 8QHVS Dado um poliedro com 5 vértices


e 6 faces triangulares, escolhem-se ao acaso três
de seus vértices.

a) 95.040.
b) 40.635
c) 924.
d) 792.
e) 35.

 8QHVS  Numa certa região, uma


operadora telefônica utiliza 8 dígitos para designar
seus números de telefones, sendo que o primeiro é
sempre 3, o segundo não pode ser 0 e o terceiro
A probabilidade de que os três vértices escolhidos
número é diferente do quarto. Escolhido um pertençam à mesma face do poliedro é:
número ao acaso, a probabilidade de os quatro
últimos algarismos serem distintos entre si é a) 3/10.
b) 1/6.
a) 63/125 c) 3/5.
b) 567/1250 d) 1/5.
c) 189/1250 e) 6/35.
d) 63/1250
e) 7/125

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 27


 8QHVS   O número de ligações Admitindo-se que essas probabilidades continuem
telefônicas de uma empresa, mês a mês, no ano válidas por algumas gerações, a probabilidade de
de 2005, pode ser representado pelo gráfico. um neto de um homem com estatura média ter
estatura alta é:

13
a) .
32
9
b) .
64
3
c) .
4
25
d) .
64
13
e) .
16

 8QHVS  O número de maneiras que 3


Com base no gráfico, pode-se afirmar que a pessoas podem sentar-se em uma fileira de 6
quantidade total de meses em que o número de
cadeiras vazias de modo que, entre duas pessoas
ligações foi maior ou igual a 1.200 e menor ou igual
próximas (seguidas), sempre tenha exatamente
a 1.300 é:
uma cadeira vazia, é
a) 2.
b) 4. a) 3.
c) 6. b) 6.
d) 7. c) 9.
e) 8. d) 12.
e) 15.
 8QHVS Considere os números 2, 3, 5, 7
e 11. A quantidade total de produtos distintos que  8QHVS  O gerente de uma loja de
se obtêm multiplicando-se dois ou mais destes roupas, antes de fazer nova encomenda de calças
números, sem repetição, é jeans femininas, verificou qual a quantidade de
calças vendidas no mês anterior, para cada
a) 120. número (tamanho). A distribuição de probabilidades
b) 52. referente aos números vendidos no mês anterior foi
c) 36.
a seguinte:
d) 26.
e) 21.

 8QHVS Numa pequena cidade realizou-


se uma pesquisa com certo número de indivíduos
do sexo masculino, na qual procurou-se obter uma Se o gerente fizer uma encomenda de 500 calças
correlação entre a estatura de pais e filhos. de acordo com as probabilidades de vendas dadas
Classificaram-se as estaturas em 3 grupos: alta na tabela, as quantidades de calças
(A), média (M) e baixa (B). Os dados obtidos na encomendadas de número 40 ou menos, e de
pesquisa foram sintetizados, em termos de número superior a 40, serão, respectivamente:
probabilidades, na matriz
a) 320 e 180.
b) 380 e 120.
c) 350 e 150.
d) 180 e 320.
e) 120 e 380.

 8QHVS  O gráfico mostra as marcas


obtidas, em segundos, até setembro de 2007, nos
recordes mundiais e pan-americanos, em quatro
O elemento da primeira linha e segunda coluna da modalidades esportivas: provas de 100 metros
matriz, que é 1/4, significa que a probabilidade de rasos, masculino, 100 metros rasos, feminino, 100
um filho de pai alto ter estatura média é 1/4. Os metros nado livre, masculino, e 100 metros nado
demais elementos interpretam-se similarmente. livre, feminino.

28 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


Com base nos dados do gráfico, podemos afirmar:

a) Em duas das quatro modalidades, os recordes


panamericanos e mundiais são iguais.
b) Nos 100 metros nado livre, masculino, a
diferença entre os dois recordes, pan-
americano e mundial, é de exatamente 2
segundos.
c) O tempo correspondente ao recorde mundial
nos 100 metros rasos, feminino, é um terço do
tempo correspondente ao recorde mundial nos
100 metros nado livre, feminino.
d) Nos 100 metros nado livre, feminino, a média
aritmética entre os recordes mundial e pan-
americano é exatamente 53,1 segundos.
e) Nos 100 metros rasos, a média aritmética
entre os recordes panamericanos masculino e
feminino é exatamente 10,54 segundos.

GABARITO
A C B C A
C A E A A
A B B E A
E D B E D
E D A E C
E D A D A
E     

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 29


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
COMBINATÓRIA, ESTATÍSTICA E PROBABILIDADE


 8QLFDPS &LQFRSHVVRDVGHYHPILFDUHP  8QLFDPS   /DQoDQGRVH GHWHUPLQDGD
SpXPDDRODGRGDRXWUDSDUDWLUDUXPDIRWRJUDILD PRHGDWHQGHQFLRVDDSUREDELOLGDGHGHVDLUFDUDp
VHQGR TXH GXDV GHODV VH UHFXVDP D ILFDU ODGR D R GREUR GD SUREDELOLGDGH GH VDLU FRURD (P GRLV
ODGR2Q~PHURGHSRVLo}HVGLVWLQWDVSDUDDVFLQFR ODQoDPHQWRVGHVVDPRHGDDSUREDELOLGDGHGHVDLU
SHVVRDVVHUHPIRWRJUDIDGDVMXQWDVpLJXDOD RPHVPRUHVXOWDGRpLJXDOD
 
D    D    
E    E    
F   
G    F    
 G    
 8QLFDPS   8P DWOHWD SDUWLFLSD GH XP 
WRUQHLR FRPSRVWR SRU WUrV SURYDV (P FDGD SURYD  8QLFDPS   8P GDGR QmR WHQGHQFLRVR GH
D SUREDELOLGDGH GH HOH JDQKDU p GH    VHLV IDFHV VHUi ODQoDGR GXDV YH]HV $
LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GR UHVXOWDGR GDV RXWUDV SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH R PDLRU YDORU REWLGR QRV
SURYDV 3DUD YHQFHU R WRUQHLR p SUHFLVR JDQKDU ODQoDPHQWRVVHMDPHQRUGRTXH  pLJXDOD
SHOR PHQRV GXDV SURYDV $ SUREDELOLGDGH GH R 
DWOHWDYHQFHURWRUQHLRpLJXDOD D    

E    
D    
F    
E    
G    
F    

G      8QLFDPS   8PD PRHGD EDODQFHDGD p
 ODQoDGDTXDWURYH]HVREWHQGRVHFDUDH[DWDPHQWH
 8QLFDPS 2VLVWHPDGHVHJXUDQoDGHXP WUrV YH]HV $ SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH DV FDUDV
DHURSRUWRFRQVLVWHGHGXDVLQVSHo}HV1DSULPHLUD WHQKDPVDtGRFRQVHFXWLYDPHQWHpLJXDOD
GHODV D SUREDELOLGDGH GH XP SDVVDJHLUR VHU 
LQVSHFLRQDGR p GH    1D VHJXQGD D 
D  
SUREDELOLGDGH VH UHGX] SDUD    $ SUREDELOLGDGH 
GH XP SDVVDJHLUR VHU LQVSHFLRQDGR SHOR PHQRV 
E  
XPDYH]pLJXDOD 
 
D     F  

E     
G  
F     
G     
  8QLFDPS   2 Q~PHUR PtQLPR GH SHVVRDV
 8QLFDPS $GDSWDGD  $ QRWD ILQDO GH XP TXHGHYHKDYHUHPXPJUXSRSDUDTXHSRVVDPRV
FXUVR p GDGD SHOD PpGLD DULWPpWLFD VLPSOHV HQWUH JDUDQWLU TXH QHOH Ki SHOR PHQRV WUrV SHVVRDV
DVQRWDVGHGXDVSURYDVHDGHXPWUDEDOKR7RGDV QDVFLGDVQRPHVPRGLDGDVHPDQDpLJXDOD
DV QRWDV VH GLVWULEXHP HQWUH  H  H D QRWD ILQDO 
PtQLPD SDUD DSURYDomR p  3DUD XP DOXQR VHU D   
DSURYDGR p QHFHVViULR TXH D PpGLD DULWPpWLFD E   
VLPSOHVHQWUHDVQRWDVGDVSURYDVVHMDQRPtQLPR F   
 G   
D   
E   
F   
G   


30 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QLFDPS   8P FDL[D HOHWU{QLFR GH FHUWR
EDQFRGLVS}HDSHQDVGHFpGXODVGHHUHDLV
1RFDVRGHXPVDTXHGHUHDLVDSUREDELOLGDGH
GRQ~PHURGHFpGXODVHQWUHJXHVVHUtPSDUpLJXDO
D


D  


E  


F  


G  


 8QLFDPS   3DUD DFRPRGDU D FUHVFHQWH
TXDQWLGDGH GH YHtFXORV HVWXGDVH PXGDU DV
SODFDV DWXDOPHQWH FRP WUrV OHWUDV H TXDWUR
DOJDULVPRV QXPpULFRV SDUD TXDWUR OHWUDV H WUrV
DOJDULVPRVQXPpULFRVFRPRHVWiLOXVWUDGRDEDL[R

$%&  $%&'

&RQVLGHUHRDOIDEHWRFRPOHWUDVHRVDOJDULVPRV
GHD2DXPHQWRREWLGRFRPHVVDPRGLILFDomR
HPUHODomRDRQ~PHURPi[LPRGHSODFDVHPYLJRU
VHULD

D  LQIHULRUDRGREUR
E  VXSHULRUDRGREURHLQIHULRUDRWULSOR
F  VXSHULRUDRWULSORHLQIHULRUDRTXiGUXSOR
G  PDLVTXHRTXiGUXSOR

 8QLFDPS   2 JUrPLR HVWXGDQWLO GR
&ROpJLR $OYRUDGD p FRPSRVWR SRU  DOXQRV H 
DOXQDV 1D ~OWLPD UHXQLmR GR JUrPLR GHFLGLXVH
IRUPDUXPDFRPLVVmRGHUDSD]HVHPRoDVSDUD
D RUJDQL]DomR GDV ROLPStDGDV GR FROpJLR 'H
TXDQWRV PRGRV GLIHUHQWHV SRGHVH IRUPDU HVVD
FRPLVVmR"

D  
E  
F  
G  

GABARITO

% & % & %
' & & % $
'    


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 31


ANTÍGENO ENEM (2.º DIA)

MATEMÁTICA
COMBINATÓRIA, ESTATÍSTICA E PROBABILIDADE


 (QHP   8PD HPSUHVD FRQIHFFLRQD H $ TXDQWLGDGH GH IUHTXrQFLDV GLIHUHQWHV TXH HVVH
FRPHUFLDOL]D XP EULQTXHGR IRUPDGR SRU XPD DSDUHOKRSRGHWUDQVPLWLUpGHWHUPLQDGDSRU
ORFRPRWLYD SLQWDGD QD FRU SUHWD PDLV  YDJ}HV 
GHLJXDLVIRUPDWRHWDPDQKRQXPHUDGRVGHD D   
'RVYDJ}HVVmRSLQWDGRVQDFRUYHUPHOKD   E   
QDFRUD]XO  QDFRUYHUGHHQDFRUDPDUHOD2 F   
WUHPpPRQWDGRXWLOL]DQGRVHXPDORFRPRWLYDH G   
YDJ}HV RUGHQDGRV FUHVFHQWHPHQWH VHJXQGR VXDV H   
QXPHUDo}HVFRQIRUPHLOXVWUDGRQDILJXUD 

 (QHP33/ 8PDHPSUHVDVRUWHLDSUrPLRV
HQWUH RV IXQFLRQiULRV FRPR UHFRQKHFLPHQWR SHOR
WHPSRWUDEDOKDGR$WDEHODPRVWUDDGLVWULEXLomRGH
 IUHTXrQFLDGH  HPSUHJDGRVGHVVDHPSUHVDTXH

'H DFRUGR FRP DV SRVVtYHLV YDULDo}HV QDV WrP GH   D   DQRV WUDEDOKDGRV $ HPSUHVD
FRORUDo}HVGRVYDJ}HVDTXDQWLGDGHGHWUHQVTXH VRUWHRX HQWUH HVVHV HPSUHJDGRV XPD YLDJHP GH
SRGHP VHU PRQWDGRV H[SUHVVD SRU PHLR GH XPD VHPDQD VHQGR GRLV GHOHV HVFROKLGRV
FRPELQDo}HVpGDGDSRU DOHDWRULDPHQWH
 

D  & 
u & 
u & 
u &  7HPSRGHVHUYLoR 1~PHURGHHPSUHJDGRV

  
E  &  &  &  &    

F & u  u & u &    
     
G  &   u &  & 
  

H  & u & u & u &    
   
 (QHP 33/    $GDSWDGD   8PD SHVVRD 
FRPSURX XP DSDUHOKR VHP ILR SDUD WUDQVPLWLU 4XDO D SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH DPERV RV VRUWHDGRV
P~VLFDVDSDUWLUGRVHXFRPSXWDGRUSDUDRUiGLRGH WHQKDP  DQRVGHWUDEDOKR"
VHX TXDUWR (VVH DSDUHOKR SRVVXL FLQFR FKDYHV 
VHOHWRUDV H FDGD XPD SRGH HVWDU QD SRVLomR  RX

 &DGD HVFROKD GDV SRVLo}HV GHVVDV FKDYHV D 
FRUUHVSRQGH D XPD IUHTXrQFLD GLIHUHQWH GH 
WUDQVPLVVmR 
E 
 
$ TXDQWLGDGH GH IUHTXrQFLDV GLIHUHQWHV TXH HVVH 
DSDUHOKRSRGHWUDQVPLWLUpGHWHUPLQDGDSRU F 


D   
G 
E   
F   
G   H 

H   
  (QHP    (P XP GHWHUPLQDGR DQR RV
 (QHP 33/    8PD SHVVRD FRPSURX XP FRPSXWDGRUHV GD UHFHLWD IHGHUDO GH XP SDtV
DSDUHOKRVHPILRSDUDWUDQVPLWLUP~VLFDVDSDUWLUGR
LGHQWLILFDUDP FRPR LQFRQVLVWHQWHV   GDV
VHX FRPSXWDGRU SDUD R UiGLR GH VHX TXDUWR (VVH
GHFODUDo}HV GH LPSRVWR GH UHQGD TXH OKH IRUDP
DSDUHOKR SRVVXL TXDWUR FKDYHV VHOHWRUDV H FDGD
HQFDPLQKDGDV 8PD GHFODUDomR p FODVVLILFDGD
XPDSRGHHVWDUQDSRVLomR  RX  &DGDHVFROKD
FRPR LQFRQVLVWHQWH TXDQGR DSUHVHQWD DOJXP WLSR
GDV SRVLo}HV GHVVDV FKDYHV FRUUHVSRQGH D XPD GHHUURRXFRQIOLWRQDVLQIRUPDo}HVSUHVWDGDV
IUHTXrQFLDGLIHUHQWHGHWUDQVPLVVmR

32 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


(VVDV GHFODUDo}HV FRQVLGHUDGDV LQFRQVLVWHQWHV  (QHP 33/    &RQVLGHUH TXH D VDIUD
IRUDPDQDOLVDGDVSHORVDXGLWRUHVTXHFRQVWDWDUDP QDFLRQDO GH FHUHDLV OHJXPLQRVDV H ROHDJLQRVDV
TXH   GHODV HUDP IUDXGXOHQWDV &RQVWDWRXVH HP  DSRQWH XPD SDUWLFLSDomR SRU UHJLmR
DLQGD TXH GHQWUH DV GHFODUDo}HV TXH QmR FRQIRUPH LQGLFDGR QR JUiILFR (P YDORUHV
DSUHVHQWDUDP LQFRQVLVWrQFLDV  HUDP DEVROXWRV HVVDV HVWLPDWLYDV LQGLFDP TXH DV GXDV
IUDXGXOHQWDV UHJL}HV PDLRUHV SURGXWRUDV GHYHULDP SURGX]LU
4XDOpDSUREDELOLGDGHGHQHVVHDQRDGHFODUDomR MXQWDV XP WRWDO GH  PLOK}HV GH WRQHODGDV HP
GH XP FRQWULEXLQWH VHU FRQVLGHUDGD LQFRQVLVWHQWH 
GDGRTXHHODHUDIUDXGXOHQWD" 

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 (QHP 33/    8PD ORFDGRUD SRVVXL
GLVSRQtYHLV  YHtFXORV GD FDWHJRULD TXH XP
FOLHQWH SUHWHQGH ORFDU 'HVVHV   VmR GD FRU
EUDQFD  VmRGDFRUFLQ]D  YHtFXORVVmRGD
FRU YHUPHOKD H R UHVWDQWH GH RXWUDV FRUHV 2
FOLHQWHQmRJRVWDGDFRUYHUPHOKDHILFDULDFRQWHQWH 
FRPTXDOTXHURXWUDFRUPDVRVLVWHPDGHFRQWUROH 
GLVSRQLELOL]D RV YHtFXORV VHP OHYDU HP FRQWD D 'HDFRUGRFRPHVVHVGDGRVDSURGXomRHVWLPDGD
HVFROKDGDFRUSHORFOLHQWH HPPLOKmRGHWRQHODGDGHFHUHDLVOHJXPLQRVDVH
'LVSRQLELOL]DQGR DOHDWRULDPHQWH TXDO p D ROHDJLQRVDVHPQD5HJLmR6XGHVWHGRSDtV
SUREDELOLGDGHGHRFOLHQWHILFDUFRQWHQWHFRPDFRU IRLXPYDORUPDLVDSUR[LPDGRGH
GRYHtFXOR" 
 D   
 E   
D 
 F   
 G   
E 
 H   
 
F 
 
 
G  


 
H 
 
 
 (QHP    2 GRQR GH XP UHVWDXUDQWH VLWXDGR 
jVPDUJHQVGHXPDURGRYLDSHUFHEHXTXHDRFRORFDU 
XPD SODFD GH SURSDJDQGD GH VHX UHVWDXUDQWH DR 
ORQJRGDURGRYLDDVYHQGDVDXPHQWDUDP3HVTXLVRX 
MXQWRDRVVHXVFOLHQWHVHFRQFOXLXTXHDSUREDELOLGDGH 
GH XP PRWRULVWD SHUFHEHU XPD SODFD GH DQ~QFLR p 
 &RP LVVR DSyV DXWRUL]DomR GR yUJmR 
FRPSHWHQWH GHFLGLX LQVWDODU QRYDV SODFDV FRP 
DQ~QFLRVGHVHXUHVWDXUDQWHDRORQJRGHVVDURGRYLD 
GH PDQHLUD TXH D SUREDELOLGDGH GH XP PRWRULVWD 
SHUFHEHU SHOR PHQRV XPD GDV SODFDV LQVWDODGDV 
IRVVHVXSHULRUD 
$ TXDQWLGDGH PtQLPD GH QRYDV SODFDV GH 
SURSDJDQGDDVHUHPLQVWDODGDVp 
 
D    
E    
F    
G    
H    


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 33



 (QHP33/ 8PILVFDOGHFHUWDHPSUHVDGH{QLEXVUHJLVWUDRWHPSRHPPLQXWRTXHXPPRWRULVWD
QRYDWR JDVWD SDUD FRPSOHWDU FHUWR SHUFXUVR 1R 4XDGUR  ILJXUDP RV WHPSRV JDVWRV SHOR PRWRULVWD DR
UHDOL]DU R PHVPR SHUFXUVR VHWH YH]HV 2 4XDGUR  DSUHVHQWD XPD FODVVLILFDomR SDUD D YDULDELOLGDGH GR
WHPSRVHJXQGRRYDORUGRGHVYLRSDGUmR

4XDGUR
7HPSRV
             
HPPLQXWR 


4XDGUR
9DULDELOLGDGH 'HVYLRSDGUmRGRWHPSR PLQ 
([WUHPDPHQWHEDL[D   ɐ d 
%DL[D   ɐ d 
0RGHUDGD ɐd
$OWD   ɐ d 
([WUHPDPHQWHDOWD ɐ !

&RPEDVHQDVLQIRUPDo}HVDSUHVHQWDGDVQRVTXDGURVDYDULDELOLGDGHGRWHPSRp

D  H[WUHPDPHQWHEDL[D
E  EDL[D
F  PRGHUDGD
G  DOWD
H  H[WUHPDPHQWHDOWD


 (QHP 2VHUYLoRGHPHWHRURORJLDGHXPD 'HFRUULGRVRV  GLDVGHYDOLGDGHGHVVHUHODWyULR
FLGDGH HPLWH UHODWyULRV GLiULRV FRP D SUHYLVmR GR XPIXQFLRQiULRSHUFHEHXTXHQRSHUtRGRDTXHVH
WHPSR 'H SRVVH GHVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV D SUHIHLWXUD UHIHUH R JUiILFR IRUDP HPLWLGRV RV VHJXLQWHV
HPLWHWUrVWLSRVGHDOHUWDVSDUDDSRSXODomR DOHUWDV
 
ƒ $OHUWDFLQ]DGHYHUiVHUHPLWLGRVHPSUHTXHD ƒ 'LDDOHUWDFLQ]D
SUHYLVmR GR WHPSR HVWLPDU TXH D WHPSHUDWXUD ƒ 'LDDOHUWDODUDQMD
VHUi LQIHULRU D  q&  H D XPLGDGH UHODWLYD GR ƒ 'LDDOHUWDYHUPHOKR
DUIRULQIHULRUD   
(P TXDO LV  GHVVHV GLDV R V  DYLVR V  IRL UDP 
ƒ $OHUWDODUDQMDGHYHUiVHUHPLWLGRVHPSUHTXH
D SUHYLVmR GR WHPSR HVWLPDU TXH D HPLWLGR V FRUUHWDPHQWH"

WHPSHUDWXUDGHYH YDULDU HQWUH  q&  H  q& 
D  
HDXPLGDGHUHODWLYDGRDUGHYHILFDUDEDL[RGH E  
  F  H
ƒ $OHUWD YHUPHOKR GHYHUi VHU HPLWLGR VHPSUH G  H
TXH D SUHYLVmR GR WHPSR HVWLPDU TXH D H  H
WHPSHUDWXUD VHUi VXSHULRU D  q&  H D 
XPLGDGHUHODWLYDGRDUIRULQIHULRUD    (QHP 2VDOXQRVGHXPDWXUPDHVFRODU
 IRUDP GLYLGLGRV HP GRLV JUXSRV 8P JUXSR MRJDULD
8P UHVXPR GD SUHYLVmR GR WHPSR QHVVD FLGDGH EDVTXHWH HQTXDQWR R RXWUR MRJDULD IXWHERO 6DEH
SDUD XP SHUtRGR GH   GLDV IRL DSUHVHQWDGR QR VH TXH R JUXSR GH EDVTXHWH p IRUPDGR SHORV
DOXQRV PDLV DOWRV GD FODVVH H WHP XPD SHVVRD D
JUiILFR
PDLVGRTXHRJUXSRGHIXWHERO$WDEHODVHJXLQWH

DSUHVHQWDLQIRUPDo}HVVREUHDVDOWXUDVGRVDOXQRV
GDWXUPD

0pGLD 0HGLDQD 0RGD
  

2V DOXQRV 3 - )  H 0  PHGHP UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
 P  P  P  H  P  H DV VXDV DOWXUDV
QmRVmRLJXDLVDGHQHQKXPRXWURFROHJDGDVDOD

 

34 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


6HJXQGRHVVDVLQIRUPDo}HVDUJXPHQWDVHTXHRV F  IXWHEROIXWHEROEDVTXHWHEDVTXHWH
DOXQRV 3 - ) H 0 MRJDUDPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH G  IXWHEROIXWHEROIXWHEROEDVTXHWH

H  IXWHEROIXWHEROIXWHEROIXWHERO
D  EDVTXHWHEDVTXHWHEDVTXHWHEDVTXHWH 
E  IXWHEROEDVTXHWHEDVTXHWHEDVTXHWH


 (QHP $WD[DGHXUEDQL]DomRGHXPPXQLFtSLRpGDGDSHODUD]mRHQWUHDSRSXODomRXUEDQDHD
SRSXODomR WRWDO GR PXQLFtSLR LVWR p D VRPD GDV SRSXODo}HV UXUDO H XUEDQD  2V JUiILFRV DSUHVHQWDP
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH D SRSXODomR XUEDQD H D SRSXODomR UXUDO GH FLQFR PXQLFtSLRV , ,, ,,, ,9 9  GH XPD
PHVPD UHJLmR HVWDGXDO (P UHXQLmR HQWUH R JRYHUQR GR HVWDGR H RV SUHIHLWRV GHVVHV PXQLFtSLRV ILFRX
DFRUGDGRTXHRPXQLFtSLRFRPPDLRUWD[DGHXUEDQL]DomRUHFHEHUiXPLQYHVWLPHQWRH[WUDHPLQIUDHVWUXWXUD




6HJXQGRRDFRUGRTXDOPXQLFtSLRUHFHEHUiRLQYHVWLPHQWRH[WUD"

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9
H  9


 (QHP 33/   2 TXDGUR DSUHVHQWD D  (QHP   2 6DOmR GR $XWRPyYHO GH 6mR
UHODomR GRV MRJDGRUHV TXH IL]HUDP SDUWH GD 3DXOR p XP HYHQWR QR TXDO YiULRV IDEULFDQWHV
VHOHomR EUDVLOHLUD GH YROHLERO PDVFXOLQR QDV H[S}HP VHXV PRGHORV PDLV UHFHQWHV GH YHtFXORV
2OLPStDGDV GH  HP /RQGUHV H VXDV PRVWUDQGR SULQFLSDOPHQWH VXDV LQRYDo}HV HP
UHVSHFWLYDVDOWXUDVHPPHWUR GHVLJQHWHFQRORJLD
 

1RPH $OWXUD P  'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSJJORERFRP


%UXQLQKR  $FHVVRHPIHY DGDSWDGR 
'DQWH  
8PD PRQWDGRUD SUHWHQGH SDUWLFLSDU GHVVH HYHQWR
*LED 
FRP GRLV HVWDQGHV XP QD HQWUDGD H RXWUR QD
/HDQGUR9LVVRWR 
UHJLmR FHQWUDO GR VDOmR H[SRQGR HP FDGD XP
/XFDV 
GHOHVXPFDUURFRPSDFWRHXPDFDPLQKRQHWH
0XULOR  3DUD FRPSRU RV HVWDQGHV IRUDP GLVSRQLELOL]DGRV
5LFDUGLQKR  SHOD PRQWDGRUD TXDWUR FDUURV FRPSDFWRV GH
5RGULJmR  PRGHORV GLVWLQWRV H VHLV FDPLQKRQHWHV GH
6HUJLQKR  GLIHUHQWHV FRUHV SDUD VHUHP HVFROKLGRV DTXHOHV
6LGmR  TXH VHUmR H[SRVWRV $ SRVLomR GRV FDUURV GHQWUR
7KLDJR$OYHV  GHFDGDHVWDQGHpLUUHOHYDQWH

:DOODFH  8PD H[SUHVVmR TXH IRUQHFH D TXDQWLGDGH GH
'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZFEYFRPEU PDQHLUDV GLIHUHQWHV TXH RV HVWDQGHV SRGHP VHU
$FHVVRHPMXO DGDSWDGR  FRPSRVWRVp
 
$ PHGLDQD GDV DOWXUDV HP PHWUR GHVVHV D 
$ 
MRJDGRUHVp

 E  & 
D 
E  F & u & u  u  
F  G $  u $  u  u  
G 
H  H  & u & 
 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 35


 (QHP    8P GHVLJQHU GH MRJRV SODQHMD ƒ 8UQD $ ± 3RVVXL WUrV ERODV EUDQFDV GXDV
XPMRJRTXHID]XVRGHXPWDEXOHLURGHGLPHQVmR ERODVSUHWDVHXPDERODYHUGH
Q u Q FRP Q t  QRTXDOFDGDMRJDGRUQDVXDYH] ƒ 8UQD%±3RVVXLVHLVERODVEUDQFDVWUrVERODV
FRORFD XPD SHoD VREUH XPD GDV FDVDV YD]LDV GR SUHWDVHXPDERODYHUGH
WDEXOHLUR 4XDQGR XPD SHoD p SRVLFLRQDGD D ƒ 8UQD & ± 3RVVXL GXDV ERODV SUHWDV H GXDV
UHJLmR IRUPDGD SHODV FDVDV TXH HVWmR QD PHVPD ERODVYHUGHV
OLQKDRXFROXQDGHVVDSHoDpFKDPDGDGH]RQDGH ƒ 8UQD ' ± 3RVVXL WUrV ERODV EUDQFDV H WUrV
FRPEDWH GHVVD SHoD 1D ILJXUD HVWi LOXVWUDGD D ERODVSUHWDV
]RQD GH FRPEDWH GH XPD SHoD FRORFDGD HP XPD 
GDVFDVDVGHXPWDEXOHLURGHGLPHQVmR  u   $SHVVRDGHYHHVFROKHUXPDHQWUHDVFLQFRRSo}HV
 DSUHVHQWDGDV
ƒ 2SomR±5HWLUDUDOHDWRULDPHQWHGXDVERODV
GDXUQD$
ƒ 2SomR±5HWLUDUDOHDWRULDPHQWHGXDVERODV
GDXUQD%
ƒ 2SomR  ± 3DVVDU DOHDWRULDPHQWH XPD EROD
GD XUQD & SDUD D XUQD $ DSyV LVVR UHWLUDU
DOHDWRULDPHQWHGXDVERODVGDXUQD$
ƒ 2SomR  ± 3DVVDU DOHDWRULDPHQWH XPD EROD
GD XUQD ' SDUD D XUQD & DSyV LVVR UHWLUDU
DOHDWRULDPHQWHGXDVERODVGDXUQD&
 ƒ 2SomR  ± 3DVVDU DOHDWRULDPHQWH XPD EROD
 GD XUQD & SDUD D XUQD ' DSyV LVVR UHWLUDU
2WDEXOHLURGHYHVHUGLPHQVLRQDGRGHIRUPDTXHD DOHDWRULDPHQWHGXDVERODVGDXUQD'
SUREDELOLGDGH GH VH SRVLFLRQDU D VHJXQGD SHoD 
DOHDWRULDPHQWH VHJXLQGR D UHJUD GR MRJR H HVWD &RP R REMHWLYR GH REWHU D PDLRU SUREDELOLGDGH
ILFDU VREUH D ]RQD GH FRPEDWH GD SULPHLUD VHMD SRVVtYHO GH JDQKDU R SUrPLR D SHVVRD GHYH
 HVFROKHUDRSomR
LQIHULRUD  
 
 D  
$ GLPHQVmR PtQLPD TXH R GHVLJQHU GHYH DGRWDU E  
SDUDHVVHWDEXOHLURp F  
 G  
D   u   H  
E   u   
F   u    (QHP 8PUDSD]HVWXGDHPXPDHVFROD
G   u   TXH ILFD ORQJH GH VXD FDVD H SRU LVVR SUHFLVD
XWLOL]DU R WUDQVSRUWH S~EOLFR &RPR p PXLWR
H  u  
REVHUYDGRU WRGRV RV GLDV HOH DQRWD D KRUD H[DWD

VHP FRQVLGHUDU RV VHJXQGRV  HP TXH R {QLEXV
 (QHP33/ 2JHUHQWHGHXPDHPSUHVD
SDVVD SHOR SRQWR GH HVSHUD 7DPEpP QRWRX TXH
VDEH TXH   GH VHXV IXQFLRQiULRV VmR GR VH[R
QXQFD FRQVHJXH FKHJDU DR SRQWR GH {QLEXV DQWHV
PDVFXOLQR H IRL LQIRUPDGR GH TXH D SRUFHQWDJHP
GH KPLQ  GD PDQKm $QDOLVDQGR RV GDGRV
GHHPSUHJDGRVIXPDQWHVQHVVDHPSUHVDpGH  
FROHWDGRV GXUDQWH R PrV GH IHYHUHLUR R TXDO WHYH
GRVKRPHQVHGH  GDVPXOKHUHV6HOHFLRQDQGR GLDVOHWLYRVHOHFRQFOXLXTXH KPLQ IRLRTXH
DR DFDVR D ILFKD GH FDGDVWUR GH XP GRV PDLV VH UHSHWLX H TXH D PHGLDQD GR FRQMXQWR GH
IXQFLRQiULRVYHULILFRXWUDWDUVHGHXPIXPDQWH
GDGRVp KPLQ 

$SUREDELOLGDGHGHTXHHPDOJXPGRVGLDVOHWLYRV
4XDO D SUREDELOLGDGH GH HVVH IXQFLRQiULR VHU GR
GHIHYHUHLURHVVHUDSD]WHQKDDSDQKDGRR{QLEXV
VH[RIHPLQLQR"
DQWHVGH KPLQ GDPDQKmpQRPi[LPR
 
D   
E   D 
F   
G   
E 
H   
 
 (QHP    3DUD JDQKDU XP SUrPLR XPD F 

SHVVRD GHYHUi UHWLUDU VXFHVVLYDPHQWH H VHP 
UHSRVLomRGXDVERODVSUHWDVGHXPDPHVPDXUQD G 
,QLFLDOPHQWHDVTXDQWLGDGHVHFRUHVGDVERODVVmR 
FRPRGHVFULWDVDVHJXLU 
H 


36 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP 33/   8PD VHQKRUD DFDED GH (OH SUHFLVD GHFLGLU FRP VHX WUHLQDGRU TXDO VDOWR
ID]HU XPD XOWUDVVRQRJUDILD H GHVFREUH TXH HVWi GHYHUi UHDOL]DU 2V GDGRV GRV SRVVtYHLV WLSRV GH
JUiYLGDGHTXDGULJrPHRV VDOWRHVWmRQR4XDGUR
4XDOpDSUREDELOLGDGHGHQDVFHUHPGRLVPHQLQRV 
HGXDVPHQLQDV" 4XDGUR
 (VWLPDWLYD
 1RWD 3UREDELOLGDGH
D  7LSR GH GDVRPDGDV
GH GHREWHUD
 VDOWR QRWDVGRV
SDUWLGD QRWD
 MXt]HV
E       
 7
 7      
F 
 7      
 7      
G 
 7      
 
H 
 2 DWOHWD RSWDUi SHOR VDOWR FRP D PDLRU
 SUREDELOLGDGHGHREWHUDQRWDHVWLPDGDGHPDQHLUD
 (QHP    2 JHUHQWH GR VHWRU GH UHFXUVRV TXHOKHSHUPLWDDOFDQoDURSULPHLUROXJDU
KXPDQRV GH XPD HPSUHVD HVWi RUJDQL]DQGR XPD &RQVLGHUDQGRHVVDVFRQGLo}HVRVDOWRTXHRDWOHWD
DYDOLDomR HP TXH XPD GDV HWDSDV p XP MRJR GH GHYHUiHVFROKHUpRGHWLSR
SHUJXQWDV H UHVSRVWDV 3DUD HVVD HWDSD HOH 
FODVVLILFRX DV SHUJXQWDV SHOR QtYHO GH GLILFXOGDGH D  7
HPIiFLOPpGLRHGLItFLOHHVFUHYHXFDGDSHUJXQWD E  7
HPFDUW}HVSDUDFRORFDomRHPXPDXUQD
F  7
&RQWXGR DSyV GHSRVLWDU YLQWH SHUJXQWDV GH
G  7
GLIHUHQWHV QtYHLV QD XUQD HOH REVHUYRX TXH  
GHOHV HUDP GH QtYHO IiFLO 4XHUHQGR TXH DV H  7
SHUJXQWDVGHQtYHOIiFLOVHMDPDPDLRULDRJHUHQWH 
GHFLGLXDFUHVFHQWDUPDLVSHUJXQWDVGHQtYHOIiFLOj  (QHP33/ 2tQGLFHGHPDVVDFRUSRUDO
XUQD GH PRGR TXH D SUREDELOLGDGH GH R SULPHLUR ,0& GHXPDSHVVRDpGHILQLGRFRPRRTXRFLHQWH
SDUWLFLSDQWH UHWLUDU DOHDWRULDPHQWH XPD SHUJXQWD HQWUH D PDVVD GHVVD SHVVRD PHGLGD HP
GHQtYHOIiFLOVHMDGH   TXLORJUDPDHRTXDGUDGRGDVXDDOWXUDPHGLGDHP
&RP HVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV D TXDQWLGDGH GH PHWUR (VVH tQGLFH p XVDGR FRPR SDUkPHWUR SDUD
SHUJXQWDV GH QtYHO IiFLO TXH R JHUHQWH GHYH YHULILFDU VH LQGLYtGXR HVWi RX QmR DFLPD GR SHVR
DFUHVFHQWDUjXUQDpLJXDOD LGHDO SDUD D VXD DOWXUD 'XUDQWH R DQR GH 

XPDSHVVRDIRLDFRPSDQKDGDSRUXPQXWULFLRQLVWD
D    H SDVVRX SRU XP SURFHVVR GH UHHGXFDomR
E    DOLPHQWDU 2 JUiILFR LQGLFD D YDULDomR PHQVDO GR
F    ,0& GHVVD SHVVRD GXUDQWH R UHIHULGR SHUtRGR
G    3DUD DYDOLDU R VXFHVVR GR WUDWDPHQWR R
H    QXWULFLRQLVWD YDL DQDOLVDU DV PHGLGDV HVWDWtVWLFDV
 UHIHUHQWHVjYDULDomRGR,0&
 (QHP 2VDOWRRUQDPHQWDOpXPHVSRUWHHP 
TXH FDGD FRPSHWLGRU UHDOL]D VHLV VDOWRV $ QRWD HP
FDGDVDOWRpFDOFXODGDSHODVRPDGDVQRWDVGRVMXt]HV
PXOWLSOLFDGDSHODQRWDGHSDUWLGD RJUDXGHGLILFXOGDGH
GH FDGD VDOWR  )LFD HP SULPHLUR OXJDU R DWOHWD TXH
REWLYHUDPDLRUVRPDGDVVHLVQRWDVUHFHELGDV
2 DWOHWD  LUi UHDOL]DU R ~OWLPR VDOWR GD ILQDO (OH
REVHUYD QR 4XDGUR  DQWHV GH H[HFXWDU R VDOWR R
UHFRUWH GR TXDGUR SDUFLDO GH QRWDV FRP D VXD
FODVVLILFDomRHDGRVWUrVSULPHLURVOXJDUHVDWpDTXHOH
PRPHQWR

4XDGUR
&ODVVLILFDomR $WOHWD ž6DOWR 7RWDO
ž     
ž     
ž      
    
ž 


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 37


'H DFRUGR FRP R JUiILFR SRGHPRV FRQFOXLU TXH D 6H D TXDQWLGDGH GH MRJDGRUHV IRU  TXDQWDV
PHGLDQDGDYDULDomRPHQVDOGR,0&GHVVDSHVVRD SDUWLGDVVHUmRUHDOL]DGDV"
pLJXDOD 
 D   
D    E   
E    F   
F    G   
G    H   

H   

  (QHP 8PEULQTXHGRLQIDQWLOFDPLQKmR
 (QHP 'HDFRUGRFRPXPUHODWyULRUHFHQWH FHJRQKD p IRUPDGR SRU XPD FDUUHWD H GH]
GD$JrQFLD,QWHUQDFLRQDOGH(QHUJLD $O( RPHUFDGR FDUULQKRVQHODWUDQVSRUWDGRVFRQIRUPHDILJXUD
GHYHtFXORVHOpWULFRVDWLQJLXXPQRYRPDUFRHP
TXDQGRIRUDPYHQGLGRVPDLVGH  PLODXWRPyYHLV 
GD FDWHJRULD &RP LVVR R WRWDO GH FDUURV HOpWULFRV
YHQGLGRV QR PXQGR DOFDQoRX D PDUFD GH  PLOK}HV
GH XQLGDGHV GHVGH TXH RV SULPHLURV PRGHORV
FRPHoDUDPDVHUFRPHUFLDOL]DGRVHP
1R %UDVLO D H[SDQVmR GDV YHQGDV WDPEpP VH
YHULILFD $ PDUFD $ SRU H[HPSOR H[SDQGLX VXDV

YHQGDV QR DQR GH  VXSHUDQGR HP  
XQLGDGHVDVYHQGDVGHFRQIRUPHUHSUHVHQWDGR 
QRJUiILFR 1RVHWRUGHSURGXomRGDHPSUHVDTXHIDEULFDHVVH
 EULQTXHGR p IHLWD D SLQWXUD GH WRGRV RV FDUULQKRV
SDUD TXH R DVSHFWR GR EULQTXHGR ILTXH PDLV
DWUDHQWH 6mR XWLOL]DGDV DV FRUHV DPDUHOR EUDQFR
ODUDQMD H YHUGH H FDGD FDUULQKR p SLQWDGR DSHQDV
FRP XPD FRU 2 FDPLQKmRFHJRQKD WHP XPD FRU
IL[D $ HPSUHVD GHWHUPLQRX TXH HP WRGR
FDPLQKmRFHJRQKD GHYH KDYHU SHOR PHQRV XP
FDUULQKRGHFDGDXPDGDVTXDWURFRUHVGLVSRQtYHLV
0XGDQoD GH SRVLomR GRV FDUULQKRV QR FDPLQKmR
FHJRQKDQmRJHUDXPQRYRPRGHORGREULQTXHGR

 &RP EDVH QHVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV TXDQWRV VmR RV
 PRGHORVGLVWLQWRVGREULQTXHGRFDPLQKmRFHJRQKD
$ PpGLD DQXDO GR Q~PHUR GH FDUURV YHQGLGRV SHOD TXHHVVDHPSUHVDSRGHUiSURGX]LU"
PDUFD$QRVDQRVUHSUHVHQWDGRVQRJUiILFRIRLGH 
 D  &  
D   
E    E  &  
F    F  &  
G   
G    
H   
 (QHP    &RPR QmR VmR DGHSWRV GD H   
SUiWLFDGHHVSRUWHVXPJUXSRGHDPLJRVUHVROYHX 
ID]HU XP WRUQHLR GH IXWHERO XWLOL]DQGR YLGHRJDPH  (QHP /LEUDV  $VUXDVGHXPDFLGDGH
'HFLGLUDP TXH FDGD MRJDGRU MRJD XPD ~QLFD YH] HVWmR UHSUHVHQWDGDV SRU OLQKDV KRUL]RQWDLV H
FRP FDGD XP GRV RXWURV MRJDGRUHV 2 FDPSHmR YHUWLFDLV QD LOXVWUDomR 3DUD XP PRWRULVWD
VHUi DTXHOH TXH FRQVHJXLU R PDLRU Q~PHUR GH WUDIHJDQGR QHVVD FLGDGH D PHQRU GLVWkQFLD HQWUH
SRQWRV 2EVHUYDUDP TXH R Q~PHUR GH SDUWLGDV GRLV SRQWRV QmR SRGH VHU FDOFXODGD XVDQGR R
MRJDGDV GHSHQGH GR Q~PHUR GH MRJDGRUHV FRPR VHJPHQWR OLJDQGR HVVHV SRQWRV PDV VLP SHOD
PRVWUDRTXDGUR FRQWDJHPGRPHQRUQ~PHURGHTXDGUDVKRUL]RQWDLV
 H YHUWLFDLV QHFHVViULDV SDUD VDLU GH XP SRQWR H
4XDQWLGDGH FKHJDU DR RXWUR 3RU H[HPSOR D PHQRU GLVWkQFLD
GH       HQWUH R SRQWR GH Wi[L ORFDOL]DGR QR SRQWR 2  H R
MRJDGRUHV FUX]DPHQWRGDVUXDVQRSRQWR $ DPERVLOXVWUDGRV
1~PHURGH QDILJXUDpGH  PHWURV
          
SDUWLGDV 



38 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP    8PD HPSUHVD FRQVWUXLUi VXD
SiJLQD QD LQWHUQHW H HVSHUD DWUDLU XP S~EOLFR GH
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH XP PLOKmR GH FOLHQWHV 3DUD
DFHVVDU HVVD SiJLQD VHUi QHFHVViULD XPD VHQKD
FRPIRUPDWRDVHUGHILQLGRSHODHPSUHVD([LVWHP
FLQFR RSo}HV GH IRUPDWR RIHUHFLGDV SHOR
SURJUDPDGRU GHVFULWDV QR TXDGUR HP TXH /   H
' UHSUHVHQWDPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHOHWUDPDL~VFXOD
HGtJLWR

2SomR )RUPDWR
, /'''''
,, ''''''
,,, //''''
,9 '''''
9 ///''

 $V OHWUDV GR DOIDEHWR HQWUH DV   SRVVtYHLV EHP
 FRPRRVGtJLWRVHQWUHRV  SRVVtYHLVSRGHPVH
8P LQGLYtGXR VROLFLWD XP WĮ[L H LQIRUPD DR WD[LVWD UHSHWLUHPTXDOTXHUGDVRSo}HV
TXH HVWĮ D   PHWURV GR SRQWR 2 VHJXQGR D $ HPSUHVD TXHU HVFROKHU XPD RSomR GH IRUPDWR
UHJUD GH GHVORFDPHQWRV FLWDGD HP XPD FXMR Q~PHUR GH VHQKDV GLVWLQWDV SRVVtYHLV VHMD
GHWHUPLQDGDHVTXLQD(QWUHWDQWRRPRWRULVWDRXYH VXSHULRUDRQ~PHURHVSHUDGRGHFOLHQWHVPDVTXH
DSHQDVDLQIRUPDomRGDGLVWkQFLDGRFOLHQWHSRLVD HVVH Q~PHUR QmR VHMD VXSHULRU DR GREUR GR
EDWHULDGHVHXFHOXODUGHVFDUUHJRXDQWHVGHRXYLUD Q~PHURHVSHUDGRGHFOLHQWHV
LQIRUPDomRGHTXDOHUDDHVTXLQD 
 $ RSomR TXH PDLV VH DGpTXD jV FRQGLo}HV GD
4XDQWDV VmR DV SRVVtYHLV ORFDOL]Do}HV GHVVH HPSUHVDp
FOLHQWH" 
 D  ,
D   E  ,,
E   F  ,,,
F   G  ,9
G   H  9
H   


 (QHP /LEUDV  2&yGLJRGH(QGHUHoDPHQWR3RVWDO &(3 FyGLJRQXPpULFRFRQVWLWXtGRSRURLWR
DOJDULVPRV6HXREMHWLYRpRULHQWDUHDFHOHUDURHQFDPLQKDPHQWRRWUDWDPHQWRHDGLVWULEXLomRGHREMHWRV
SRVWDGRVQRV&RUUHLRV(OHHVWiHVWUXWXUDGRVHJXQGRRVLVWHPDPpWULFRGHFLPDOVHQGRTXHFDGDXPGRV
DOJDULVPRVTXHRFRPS}HFRGLILFDUHJLmRVXEUHJLmRVHWRUVXEVHWRUGLYLVRUGHVXEVHWRUHLGHQWLILFDGRUHV
GHGLVWULEXLomRFRQIRUPHDSUHVHQWDDLOXVWUDomR




2%UDVLOHQFRQWUDVHGLYLGLGRHPGH]UHJL}HVSRVWDLVSDUDILQVGHFRGLILFDomR&DGDUHJLmRIRLGLYLGLGDHPGH]
VXEUHJL}HV &DGD XPD GHVVDV SRU VXD YH] IRL GLYLGLGD HP GH] VHWRUHV &DGD VHWRU GLYLGLGR HP GH]
VXEVHWRUHV3RUILPFDGDVXEVHWRUIRLGLYLGLGRHPGH]GLYLVRUHVGHVXEVHWRU$OpPGLVVRVDEHVHTXHRVWUrV
~OWLPRV DOJDULVPRV DSyV R KtIHQ VmR GHQRPLQDGRV GH VXIL[RV H GHVWLQDPVH j LGHQWLILFDomR LQGLYLGXDO GH
ORFDOLGDGHVORJUDGRXURVFyGLJRVHVSHFLDLVHXQLGDGHVGRV&RUUHLRV
$IDL[DGHVXIL[RVXWLOL]DGDSDUDFRGLILFDomRGRVORJUDGRXURVEUDVLOHLURVLQLFLDHP  HWHUPLQDHP  

'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZFRUUHLRVFRPEU$FHVVRHPDJR DGDSWDGR 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 39


4XDQWRV&(3VSRGHPVHUIRUPDGRVSDUDDFRGLILFDomRGHORJUDGRXURVQR%UDVLO"

D   ˜    ˜  
E     ˜  
F  ˜  ˜  
G   ˜  
H   ˜  

 
 (QHP 33/   'HVGH  KRXYH XPD 'H TXDQWDV PDQHLUDV GLIHUHQWHV R FRPLWr
VLJQLILFDWLYD PXGDQoD QDV SODFDV GRV FDUURV RUJDQL]DGRU GD &RSD SRGHULD SLQWDU D ORJRPDUFD
SDUWLFXODUHVHPWRGRR%UDVLO$VSODFDVTXHDQWHV FRPDVFRUHVFLWDGDV"
HUDP IRUPDGDV DSHQDV SRU VHLV FDUDFWHUHV 
DOIDQXPpULFRV IRUDP DFUHVFLGDV GH XPD OHWUD D   
SDVVDQGR D VHU IRUPDGDV SRU VHWH FDUDFWHUHV E   
VHQGRTXHRVWUrVSULPHLURVFDUDFWHUHVGHYHPVHU F   
OHWUDV GHQWUHDVOHWUDVGRDOIDEHWR HRVTXDWUR G   
~OWLPRV GHYHP VHU DOJDULVPRV GH  D   (VVD
H   
PXGDQoD SRVVLELOLWRX D FULDomR GH XP FDGDVWUR

QDFLRQDOXQLILFDGRGHWRGRVRVYHtFXORVOLFHQFLDGRV
 (QHP /LEUDV    8P SURMHWR SDUD
H DLQGD DXPHQWRX VLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWH D TXDQWLGDGH
LQFHQWLYDU D UHFLFODJHP GH OL[R GH XP FRQGRPtQLR
GH FRPELQDo}HV SRVVtYHLV GH SODFDV 1mR VmR
FRQWD FRP D SDUWLFLSDomR GH XP JUXSR GH
XWLOL]DGDV SODFDV HP TXH WRGRV RV DOJDULVPRV
PRUDGRUHVHQWUHFULDQoDVDGROHVFHQWHVHDGXOWRV
VHMDPLJXDLVD]HUR
 FRQIRUPHGDGRVGRTXDGUR
'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSJJORERFRP 
$FHVVRHPMDQ DGDSWDGR  3DUWLFLSDQWHV 1~PHURGHSHVVRDV
 &ULDQoDV [
1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV D TXDQWLGDGH GH SODFDV TXH $GROHVFHQWHV 
SRGHPVHUXWLOL]DGDVpLJXDOD
 $GXOWRV  
D      
8PD SHVVRD GHVVH JUXSR IRL HVFROKLGD
E   u   DOHDWRULDPHQWHSDUDIDODUGRSURMHWR6DEHVHTXHD
F      SUREDELOLGDGH GH D SHVVRD HVFROKLGD VHU XPD
FULDQoDpLJXDODGRLVWHUoRV
G       
H   u     'LDQWH GLVVR R Q~PHUR GH FULDQoDV TXH SDUWLFLSD
GHVVHSURMHWRp


 (QHP 2FRPLWrRUJDQL]DGRUGD&RSDGR
0XQGRFULRXDORJRPDUFDGD&RSDFRPSRVWD D   
GH XPD ILJXUD SODQD H R VORJDQ ³-XQWRV QXP Vy E   
ULWPR´ FRP PmRV TXH VH XQHP IRUPDQGR D WDoD F   
)LID &RQVLGHUH TXH R FRPLWr RUJDQL]DGRU G   
UHVROYHVVH XWLOL]DU WRGDV DV FRUHV GD EDQGHLUD H   
QDFLRQDO YHUGH DPDUHOR D]XO H EUDQFR  SDUD 
FRORULUDORJRPDUFDGHIRUPDTXHUHJL}HVYL]LQKDV  (QHP /LEUDV    8P ODERUDWyULR HVWi
WHQKDPFRUHVGLIHUHQWHV GHVHQYROYHQGR XP WHVWH UiSLGR SDUD GHWHFWDU D

SUHVHQoD GH GHWHUPLQDGR YtUXV QD VDOLYD 3DUD
FRQKHFHUDDFXUiFLDGRWHVWHpQHFHVViULRDYDOLiOR
HP LQGLYtGXRV VDELGDPHQWH GRHQWHV H QRV VDGLRV
$DFXUiFLDGHXPWHVWHpGDGDSHODFDSDFLGDGHGH
UHFRQKHFHU RV YHUGDGHLURV SRVLWLYRV SUHVHQoD GH
YtUXV  H RV YHUGDGHLURV QHJDWLYRV DXVrQFLD GH
YtUXV  $ SUREDELOLGDGH GH R WHVWH UHFRQKHFHU RV
YHUGDGHLURV QHJDWLYRV p GHQRPLQDGD
HVSHFLILFLGDGH GHILQLGD SHOD SUREDELOLGDGH GH R
WHVWH UHVXOWDU QHJDWLYR GDGR TXH R LQGLYtGXR p
VDGLR 2 ODERUDWyULR UHDOL]RX XP HVWXGR FRP  
LQGLYtGXRVHRVUHVXOWDGRVHVWmRQRTXDGUR



40 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


5HVXOWDGRGR  (QHP 33/   8PD DOXQD HVWXGD QXPD
'RHQWHV 6DGLRV 7RWDO
WHVWHGDVDOLYD WXUPD GH   DOXQRV (P XP GLD HVVD WXUPD IRL
3RVLWLYR       GLYLGLGDHPWUrVVDODV$%H&GHDFRUGRFRPD
1HJDWLYR      FDSDFLGDGH GDV VDODV 1D VDOD $ ILFDUDP  
7RWDO       DOXQRVQD%RXWURVDOXQRVHQD&  DOXQRV
 6HUi IHLWR XP VRUWHLR QR TXDO SULPHLUR VHUi
&RQVLGHUDQGR RV UHVXOWDGRV DSUHVHQWDGRV QR VRUWHDGDXPDVDODHSRVWHULRUPHQWHVHUiVRUWHDGR
TXDGUR D HVSHFLILFLGDGH GR WHVWH GD VDOLYD WHP XPDOXQRGHVVDVDOD
YDORULJXDOD 4XDO p D SUREDELOLGDGH GH DTXHOD DOXQD HVSHFtILFD
 VHUVRUWHDGDVDEHQGRTXHHODHVWiQDVDOD&"


D   
E   D 

F  
G   
E 
H   
 
 (QHP   $ ILJXUD LOXVWUD XPD SDUWLGD GH F 

&DPSR 0LQDGR R MRJR SUHVHQWH HP SUDWLFDPHQWH

WRGR FRPSXWDGRU SHVVRDO 4XDWUR TXDGUDGRV HP G 
XP WDEXOHLUR  u   IRUDP DEHUWRV H RV Q~PHURV 
HP VXDV IDFHV LQGLFDP TXDQWRV GRV VHXV   
H 
YL]LQKRV FRQWrP PLQDV D VHUHP HYLWDGDV  2 
Q~PHUR   QR FDQWR LQIHULRU GLUHLWR p R Q~PHUR 
 (QHP 33/   8P SURJUDPD GH WHOHYLVmR
WRWDO GH PLQDV QR WDEXOHLUR FXMDV SRVLo}HV IRUDP FULRX XP SHUILO HP XPD UHGH VRFLDO H D LGHLD HUD
HVFROKLGDV DR DFDVR GH IRUPD XQLIRUPH DQWHV GH TXH HVVH SHUILO IRVVH VRUWHDGR SDUD XP GRV
VHDEULUTXDOTXHUTXDGUDGR VHJXLGRUHV TXDQGR HVVHV IRVVHP HP Q~PHUR GH
 XP PLOKmR $JRUD TXH HVVD TXDQWLGDGH GH
VHJXLGRUHV IRL DWLQJLGD RV RUJDQL]DGRUHV
SHUFHEHUDPTXHDSHQDVGHOHVVmRUHDOPHQWH
ImV GR SURJUDPD 3RU FRQWD GLVVR UHVROYHUDP TXH
WRGRVRVVHJXLGRUHVIDUmRXPWHVWHFRPSHUJXQWDV
REMHWLYDV UHIHUHQWHV DR SURJUDPD H Vy SRGHUmR
SDUWLFLSDUGRVRUWHLRDTXHOHVTXHIRUHPDSURYDGRV
(VWDWtVWLFDV UHYHODP TXH QXP WHVWH GHVVD
QDWXUH]DDWD[DGHDSURYDomRpGH  GRVImVH
GHGRVTXHQmRVmRImV
'HDFRUGRFRPHVVDVLQIRUPDo}HVDUD]mRHQWUHD
SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH XP Im VHMD VRUWHDGR H D
SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH R VRUWHDGR VHMD DOJXpP TXH
QmRpImGRSURJUDPDpLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 (QHP   8P PRUDGRU GH XPD UHJLmR
 PHWURSROLWDQD WHP   GH SUREDELOLGDGH GH
 DWUDVDUVHSDUDRWUDEDOKRTXDQGRFKRYHQDUHJLmR
(P VXD SUy[LPD MRJDGD R MRJDGRU GHYH HVFROKHU FDVRQmRFKRYDVXDSUREDELOLGDGHGHDWUDVRpGH
GHQWUHRVTXDGUDGRVPDUFDGRVFRPDVOHWUDV34   3DUD XP GHWHUPLQDGR GLD R VHUYLoR GH
5 6 H 7 XP SDUD DEULU VHQGR TXH GHYH HVFROKHU PHWHRURORJLD HVWLPD HP   D SUREDELOLGDGH GD
DTXHOH FRP D PHQRU SUREDELOLGDGH GH FRQWHU XPD RFRUUrQFLDGHFKXYDQHVVDUHJLmR
PLQD 4XDOpDSUREDELOLGDGHGHHVVHPRUDGRUVHDWUDVDU
2MRJDGRUGHYHUiDEULURTXDGUDGRPDUFDGRFRPD SDUD R VHUYLoR QR GLD SDUD R TXDO IRL GDGD D
OHWUD HVWLPDWLYDGHFKXYD"
 
D  3 D 
E  4 E 
F  5 F 
G  6 G 
H  7 H 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 41


  u 
 (QHP   1XPD DYHQLGD H[LVWHP   D 

VHPiIRURV3RUFDXVDGHXPDSDQHQRVLVWHPDRV
VHPiIRURVILFDUDPVHPFRQWUROHGXUDQWHXPDKRUD  u 
E 
H IL[DUDP VXDV OX]HV XQLFDPHQWH HP YHUGH RX 
YHUPHOKR 2V VHPiIRURV IXQFLRQDP GH IRUPD
LQGHSHQGHQWH D SUREDELOLGDGH GH DFXVDU D FRU 
F 
YHUGHpGHHDGHDFXVDUDFRUYHUPHOKDpGH 
8PDSHVVRDSHUFRUUHXDSpWRGDHVVDDYHQLGD 
GXUDQWH R SHUtRGR GD SDQH REVHUYDQGR D FRU GD G 
OX]GHFDGDXPGHVVHVVHPiIRURV 
 
H 
4XDO D SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH HVWD SHVVRD WHQKD 
REVHUYDGRH[DWDPHQWHXPVLQDOQDFRUYHUGH"



 (QHP 33/   8P GRV SULQFLSDLV LQGLFDGRUHV GH LQIODomR p R ËQGLFH 1DFLRQDO GH 3UHoRV DR
&RQVXPLGRU$PSOR ,3&$ 2JUiILFRDSUHVHQWDRVYDORUHVGR,3&$QRVDQRVGHD




2YDORUPDLVSUy[LPRGDPHGLDQDGHWRGRVRVYDORUHVGDLQIODomRLQGLFDGRVQRJUiILFRp

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   



 (QHP /LEUDV     $GDSWDGD   8P (PLVVRUD 0rV, 0rV,, 0rV,,,
HPSUHViULR SUHWHQGH ID]HU D SURSDJDQGD GH VHXV ,      
SURGXWRVHPDOJXQVFDQDLVGHWHOHYLVmR3DUDLVVR ,,      
GHFLGLX FRQVXOWDU R TXDGUR FRP D SRQWXDomR GH ,,,  
   
DXGLrQFLD QRV ~OWLPRV WUrV PHVHV GH FLQFR
,9      
HPLVVRUDV GH WHOHYLVmR HP GHWHUPLQDGR KRUiULR H
FDOFXODUDPpGLDDULWPpWLFDSDUDH[FOXLUDTXHODFRP 9      
DPHQRUPpGLDGHDXGLrQFLDQHVVHSHUtRGR 
 

42 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


'H DFRUGR FRP R FULWpULR GR HPSUHViULR TXH VHX FDUWmR GH  *% HP VHX QRYR FDUWmR GH
HPLVVRUDGHYHVHUH[FOXtGD"  *% 1R HQWDQWR SDUD DXPHQWDU R HVSDoR GH
 DUPD]HQDPHQWR GLVSRQtYHO GHFLGLX QmR JUDYDU
D  , VXDVP~VLFDVQRQRYRFDUWmR
E  ,, $QDOLVDQGRRJUiILFRRHVSDoRGLVSRQtYHOQRQRYR
F  ,,, FDUWmRGH*%HPWHUPRVSHUFHQWXDLVpLJXDOD
G  ,9 
H  9 D   
 E   
 (QHP /LEUDV  8PHPSUHViULRSUHWHQGH F   
ID]HUDSURSDJDQGDGHVHXVSURGXWRVHPXPFDQDO G   
GHWHOHYLVmR3DUDLVVRGHFLGLXFRQVXOWDURTXDGUR
H   
FRP D SRQWXDomR GH DXGLrQFLD QRV ~OWLPRV WUrV

PHVHV GH FLQGR HPLVVRUDV GH WHOHYLVmR HP
 (QHP   2 JUiILFR DSUHVHQWD D WD[D GH
GHWHUPLQDGR KRUiULR H FDOFXODU D PpGLD DULWPpWLFD
SDUD HVFROKHU DTXHOD FRP D PDLRU PpGLD GH GHVHPSUHJR HP   SDUD R SHUtRGR GH PDUoR GH
DXGLrQFLDQHVVHSHUtRGR  D DEULO GH  REWLGD FRP EDVH QRV GDGRV
 REVHUYDGRV QDV UHJL}HV PHWURSROLWDQDV GH 5HFLIH
(PLVVRUD 0rV, 0rV,, 0rV,,, 6DOYDGRU %HOR +RUL]RQWH 5LR GH -DQHLUR 6mR
,       3DXORH3RUWR$OHJUH
,,   
   
,,,      
,9      
9      

'H DFRUGR FRP R FULWpULR GR HPSUHViULR TXH
HPLVVRUDGHYHVHUHVFROKLGD"

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9
H  9

 (QHP /LEUDV  2FDUWmR0LFUR6'pXP 
WLSR GH PtGLD XWLOL]DGD SDUD DUPD]HQDPHQWR GH 
GDGRV DUTXLYRV IRWRV ILOPHV P~VLFDV HWF  8P $PHGLDQDGHVVDWD[DGHGHVHPSUHJRQRSHUtRGR
XVXiULR WHP XP FDUWmR 0LFUR 6' GH  *%  H GHPDUoRGHDDEULOGHIRLGH

XWLOL]DQGR VHX FRPSXWDGRU YLVXDOL]D HP WHUPRV D   
SHUFHQWXDLV RV GDGRV DUPD]HQDGRV QR FDUWmR E   
FRQIRUPHRJUiILFR
 F   
G   
H   

 (QHP33/ 2JUiILFRPRVWUDDH[SDQVmR
GD EDVH GH DVVLQDQWHV GH WHOHIRQLD FHOXODU QR
%UDVLO HP PLOK}HV GH XQLGDGHV QR SHUtRGR GH
D


 

2XVXiULRDGTXLULXXPFDUWmRGRPHVPRWLSRPDV
GH  *%  FRP R REMHWLYR GH JUDYDU RV GDGRV GR

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 43


'HDFRUGRFRPRJUiILFRDWD[DGHFUHVFLPHQWRGR 9        
Q~PHUR GH DSDUHOKRV FHOXODUHV QR %UDVLO GH         
9,
SDUDIRLGH
 9,,        
D    9,,,        
E    ,;        
F    ;      

G   
4XDORWHPSRHPPLQXWRDVHUEDWLGRSHOR~OWLPR
H    SLORWRQDWHUFHLUDYROWDTXHOKHJDUDQWDDSULPHLUD
 SRVLomRQRJULGGHODUJDGD"
 (QHP   8P LQVWLWXWR GH SHVTXLVDV 
HOHLWRUDLV UHFHEH XPD HQFRPHQGD QD TXDO D D  
PDUJHP GH HUUR GHYHUi VHU GH QR Pi[LPR  E  
SRQWRVSHUFHQWXDLV   F  
2 LQVWLWXWR WHP  SHVTXLVDV UHFHQWHV 3 D 3 G  
VREUHRWHPDREMHWRGDHQFRPHQGDHLUiXVDUDTXH H  
WLYHURHUURPHQRUTXHRSHGLGR 
  (QHP /LEUDV    3DVVDU WURWH QRV
2VGDGRVVREUHDVSHVTXLVDVVmRRVVHJXLQWHV WHOHIRQHV GH HPHUJrQFLD GD 3ROtFLD 0LOLWDU &RUSR
 GH%RPEHLURVH6HUYLoRGH$WHQGLPHQWR0yYHOGH
3HVTXLVD ɐ 1  8UJrQFLD 6DPX  SRGH UHVXOWDU HP PXOWD SDUD R
GRQR GR WHOHIRQH GH RQGH SDUWLX D OLJDomR 3DUD
3       H[HPSOLILFDU D VHULHGDGH GHVVD TXHVWmR HP XPD
3       FLGDGHEUDVLOHLUDXPMRUQDOORFDOSXEOLFRXDWDEHODD
3       VHJXLU PRVWUDQGR R Q~PHUR GH WURWHV WHOHI{QLFRV
  UHFHELGRVSHORVERPEHLURVGDFLGDGHDRORQJRGH
3   
XPVHPHVWUH
3     
 0HVHV 7URWHV
ɐ -DQ  
2HUUR H SRGHVHUH[SUHVVRSRU _ H _  HP
1 )HY  
TXH ɐ pXPSDUkPHWURH1pRQ~PHURGHSHVVRDV 0DU  
HQWUHYLVWDGDVSHODSHVTXLVD $EU  
4XDOSHVTXLVDGHYHUiVHUXWLOL]DGD" 0DLR  
 -XQ  
D  3 
E  3 4XDO R YDORU PHGLDQR GD TXDQWLGDGH GH WURWHV
F  3 UHFHELGRVQHVVHVHPHVWUH"
G  3 
H  3 D  
 E  
 (QHP /LEUDV  3DUDGHWHUPLQDUDRUGHP F  
GHODUJDGDQXPDFRUULGDGHDXWRPyYHLVGH]SLORWRV G  
SDUWLFLSDUmR GH XP WUHLQR FODVVLILFDWyULR QR GLD H  
DQWHULRUjFRUULGD3HORUHJLPHQWRSDUDFDGDSLORWR 
ID]VH D WRPDGD GH WHPSR HP WUrV YROWDV QR  (QHP 33/   &LQFR UHJL}HV GH XP SDtV
FLUFXLWR H D SULPHLUD SRVLomR QR JULG GH ODUJDGD HVWmREXVFDQGRUHFXUVRVQR*RYHUQR)HGHUDOSDUD
SHUWHQFHUijTXHOHSLORWRTXHREWLYHUDPHQRUPpGLD GLPLQXLU D WD[D GH GHVHPSUHJR GH VXD SRSXODomR
GHVVHVWUrVWHPSRV1RYHSLORWRVMiWHUPLQDUDPDV 3DUDGHFLGLUTXDOUHJLmRUHFHEHULDRUHFXUVRIRUDP
YROWDVFODVVLILFDWyULDVQRFLUFXLWRHRSLORWR;DLQGD FROKLGDV DV WD[DV GH GHVHPSUHJR HP
YDLUHDOL]DUVXD~OWLPDYROWD2VGDGRVHDPpGLDGH SRUFHQWDJHP GRV ~OWLPRV WUrV DQRV 2V GDGRV
FDGDSLORWRHVWmRQDWDEHOD HVWmRDSUHVHQWDGRVQDWDEHOD
 
7HPSR PLQ QDVYROWDVFODVVLILFDWyULDVGH 7D[DGHGHVHPSUHJR  
FDGDSLORWRHVXDVPpGLDV 5HJLmR 5HJLmR 5HJLmR 5HJLmR 5HJLmR

3LORWR YROWD YROWD YROWD 0pGLD $ % & ' (
$QR    
,             
,
,,         $QR
    
,,,         ,,
$QR
,9             
,,,


44 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


)LFRX GHFLGLGR TXH D UHJLmR FRQWHPSODGD FRP D $UHJLmRTXHGHYHUHFHEHUDPDLRUSDUWHGRUHFXUVR
PDLRU SDUWH GR UHFXUVR VHULD DTXHOD FRP D PDLRU pD
PHGLDQDGDVWD[DVGHGHVHPSUHJRGRV~OWLPRVWUrV 
DQRV D  $
 E  %
 F  &
 G  '
 H  (



 (QHP /LEUDV  3DUDID]HUXPDFDPSDQKDFRQWUDRWDEDJLVPRXPHPSUHViULRHQFRPHQGRXXPD
SHVTXLVD FRP SHVVRDV TXH WUDEDOKDP HP VXDV FLQFR HPSUHVDV SDUD VDEHU TXDQWDV IXPDP 2 JUiILFR
PRVWUD R Q~PHUR GH SHVVRDV HQWUHYLVWDGDV H TXDQWDV UHVSRQGHUDP VHU IXPDQWHV HP FDGD XPD GDV
HPSUHVDV




$HPSUHVDTXHSRVVXLRPHQRUSHUFHQWXDOGHSHVVRDVIXPDQWHVp

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9
H  9


 (QHP 33/   (VWLPDWLYDV GR ,%*( SDUD D $V HVWLPDWLYDV LQGLFDYDP TXH DV GXDV UHJL}HV
VDIUD QDFLRQDO GH FHUHDLV OHJXPLQRVDV H PDLRUHVSURGXWRUDVSURGX]LULDPMXQWDVXPWRWDOGH
ROHDJLQRVDVHPDSRQWDYDPXPDSDUWLFLSDomR  PLOK}HV GH WRQHODGDV GHVVDV FXOWXUDV HP
SRUUHJLmRFRQIRUPHLQGLFDGRQRJUiILFR 
 
'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZLEJHJRYEU$FHVVRHPMXO

'H DFRUGR FRP HVVHV GDGRV TXDO VHULD R YDORU
PDLVSUy[LPRGDSURGXomRHPPLOKmRGHWRQHODGD
GH FHUHDLV OHJXPLQRVDV H ROHDJLQRVDV HP 
QD5HJLmR6XGHVWHGRSDtV"

D   
E   
F   
G   
H  
 


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 45


GABARITO

( ( ' % (
( ' ' % $
& & & & '
% ( ' ' '
& $ ' ( %
& ( ( & (
' ' % ' '
& $ % ' &
& % % ' %
% ( ( ( 


46 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UERJ (QUALIFICAÇÃO)

MATEMÁTICA
COMBINATÓRIA, ESTATÍSTICA E PROBABILIDADE


 8HUM $SHQDVFRPRVDOJDULVPRV $ SUREDELOLGDGH GH RFRUUrQFLD GH XPD GDV
RX  IRUDP HVFULWRV WRGRV RV Q~PHURV SRVVtYHLV SUHIHUrQFLDVGRPHQLQRp
FRP FLQFR DOJDULVPRV &DGD XP GHVVHV Q~PHURV 
IRL UHJLVWUDGR HP XP ~QLFR FDUWmR FRPR HVWi 
H[HPSOLILFDGRDVHJXLU D 



E 


 F 


G 
 
 
$OJXQV GHVVHV FDUW}HV SRGHP VHU OLGRV GH GXDV  8HUM   8P MRJR FRQVLVWH HP ODQoDU FLQFR
PDQHLUDV FRPR p R FDVR GRV FDUW}HV & ' H ( YH]HVXPGDGRF~ELFRFXMDVIDFHVVmRQXPHUDGDV
2EVHUYH GHDFDGDXPDFRPDPHVPDSUREDELOLGDGHGH

RFRUUHU 8P MRJDGRU p FRQVLGHUDGR YHQFHGRU VH
REWLYHUSHORPHQRVWUrVUHVXOWDGRVSDUHV

$SUREDELOLGDGHGHXPMRJDGRUYHQFHUp
 

2WRWDOGHFDUW}HVTXHDGPLWHPGXDVOHLWXUDVp 
D 
 
D   
E   E 

F  
G   
F 
 
 8HUM 6HLVWLPHVGHIXWHEROGLVSXWDUDPXP 
WRUQHLR QR TXDO FDGD WLPH MRJRX DSHQDV XPD YH] G 

FRQWUD FDGD DGYHUViULR $ UHJUD GH SRQWXDomR 
FRQVLVWLDHPPDUFDU  SRQWRSDUDRWLPHSHUGHGRU  8HUM   &LQFR FDUWDV GH XP EDUDOKR HVWmR
 SRQWRVSDUDRYHQFHGRUHQRFDVRGHHPSDWH   VREUH XPD PHVD GXDV GHODV VmR 5HLV FRPR
SRQWRSDUDFDGDWLPH$WDEHODPRVWUDDSRQWXDomR LQGLFDPDVLPDJHQV
ILQDOGRWRUQHLR 


7LPHV $ % & ' ( )
3RQWRV      

2Q~PHURGHHPSDWHVQHVVHWRUQHLRIRLLJXDOD

D  
E   

F  
G  

 8HUM 8PPHQLQRYDLUHWLUDUDRDFDVRXP
~QLFR FDUWmR GH XP FRQMXQWR GH VHWH FDUW}HV (P
FDGD XP GHOHV HVWi HVFULWR DSHQDV XP GLD GD
VHPDQD VHP UHSHWLo}HV VHJXQGD WHUoD TXDUWD
TXLQWDVH[WDViEDGRGRPLQJR2PHQLQRJRVWDULD 
GHUHWLUDUViEDGRRXGRPLQJR 


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 47


$SyV VHUHP YLUDGDV SDUD EDL[R H HPEDUDOKDGDV  8HUM   8P SDLQHO GH LOXPLQDomR SRVVXL
XPDSHVVRDUHWLUDXPDGHVVDVFDUWDVDRDFDVRH QRYH VHo}HV GLVWLQWDV H FDGD XPD GHODV DFHQGH
HPVHJXLGDUHWLUDRXWUD XPDOX]GHFRUYHUPHOKDRXD]XO$FDGDVHJXQGR
 VmR DFHVDV DR DFDVR GXDV VHo}HV GH XPD
$ SUREDELOLGDGH GH VDLU 5HL DSHQDV QD VHJXQGD PHVPD FRU H XPD WHUFHLUD GH RXWUD FRU HQTXDQWR
UHWLUDGDHTXLYDOHD DVVHLVGHPDLVSHUPDQHFHPDSDJDGDV
 2EVHUYH TXDWUR GLIHUHQWHV SRVVLELOLGDGHV GH
 LOXPLQDomRGRSDLQHO
D  


E 


F 
 


G 


 8HUM   &RQVLGHUH R FRQMXQWR GH Q~PHURV
QDWXUDLVDEDL[RHRVSURFHGLPHQWRVVXEVHTXHQWHV 
 
$ ^         `  2 WHPSR PtQLPR QHFHVViULR SDUD D RFRUUrQFLD GH
 WRGDV DV SRVVLELOLGDGHV GLVWLQWDV GH LOXPLQDomR GR
SDLQHODSyVVHXDFLRQDPHQWRpLJXDOD [ PLQXWRV
 &DGDQ~PHURSULPRGH $ IRLPXOWLSOLFDGRSRU
H\VHJXQGRVVHQGR\
 6DEHVH TXH XP Q~PHUR QDWXUDO 3 p SULPR

VH
2VYDORUHVUHVSHFWLYRVGH[H\VmR
3 !  H WHP DSHQDV GRLV GLYLVRUHV QDWXUDLV

GLVWLQWRV
D   H  
 $ FDGD XP GRV GHPDLV HOHPHQWRV GH $  IRL
E   H  
VRPDGRRQ~PHUR
F   H  
 &DGD XP GRV Q~PHURV GLVWLQWRV REWLGRV IRL
HVFULWRHPDSHQDVXPSHTXHQRFDUWmR G   H  
 'HQWUH WRGRV RV FDUW}HV IRUDP VRUWHDGRV 
H[DWDPHQWH GRLV FDUW}HV FRP Q~PHURV  8HUM   2V FRQVXPLGRUHV GH XPD ORMD
GLVWLQWRVDRDFDVR SRGHP FRQFRUUHU D EULQGHV DR ID]HUHP FRPSUDV
 DFLPD GH 5   3DUD LVVR UHFHEHP XP
$ SUREDELOLGDGH GH HP SHOR PHQRV XP FDUWmR FDUWmR GH UDVSDU QR TXDO HVWmR UHJLVWUDGDV  
VRUWHDGRHVWDUHVFULWRXPQ~PHURSDUp OHWUDVGRDOIDEHWRHPFLQFROLQKDV$RFRQVXPLGRUp
 LQIRUPDGR TXH FDGD OLQKD GLVS}H DV VHJXLQWHV
 OHWUDVHPTXDOTXHURUGHP
D 
 
 ƒ OLQKD±^$%&'(`
E  ƒ OLQKD±^)*+,-`

 ƒ OLQKD±^/0123`
F  ƒ OLQKD±^45678`
 ƒ OLQKD±^9;=`
 
G 
 2EVHUYH XP H[HPSOR GHVVHV FDUW}HV FRP DV
 OHWUDVDLQGDYLVtYHLV
 8HUM   8PD XUQD FRQWpP XPD EROD EUDQFD 
TXDWUR ERODV SUHWDV H [ ERODV YHUPHOKDV VHQGR
[ !  8PDERODpUHWLUDGDDRDFDVRGHVVDXUQDp
REVHUYDGDHUHFRORFDGDQDXUQD(PVHJXLGDUHWLUD
VHQRYDPHQWHDRDFDVRXPDERODGHVVDXUQD



6H  p D SUREDELOLGDGH GH TXH DV GXDV ERODV

UHWLUDGDVVHMDPGDPHVPDFRURYDORUGH[p

D  
E  
F  
G   

48 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


3DUD TXH XP FRQVXPLGRU JDQKDVVH XP VHFDGRU 7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2
WHULD GH UDVSDU R FDUWmR H[DWDPHQWH QDV OHWUDV 
GHVVDSDODYUDFRPRLQGLFDGRDEDL[R 8PD ORMD LGHQWLILFD VHXV SURGXWRV FRP XP FyGLJR
 TXH XWLOL]D  EDUUDV ILQDV RX JURVVDV 1HVVH
VLVWHPD GH FRGLILFDomR D EDUUD ILQD UHSUHVHQWD R
]HUR H D JURVVD R  $ FRQYHUVmR GR FyGLJR HP
DOJDULVPRV GR Q~PHUR FRUUHVSRQGHQWH D FDGD
SURGXWRGHYHVHUIHLWDGHDFRUGRFRPHVWDWDEHOD

&yGLJR $OJDULVPR  &yGLJR $OJDULVPR
    
    
    
    
    

 2EVHUYH XP H[HPSOR GH FyGLJR H GH VHX Q~PHUR
 FRUUHVSRQGHQWH
&RQVLGHUH XP FRQVXPLGRU TXH UHFHED XP FDUWmR 
SDUDFRQFRUUHUDXPYHQWLODGRU
 
6HHOHUDVSDUDVOHWUDVFRUUHWDVHPFDGDOLQKDSDUD 
IRUPDUDSDODYUD9(17,/$'25DSUREDELOLGDGHGH  8HUM   ([LVWH XP FRQMXQWR GH WRGDV DV
TXHHOHVHMDSUHPLDGRFRUUHVSRQGHD VHTXrQFLDV GH  EDUUDV ILQDV RX JURVVDV TXH
 SRGHPVHUUHSUHVHQWDGDV
 
D  (VFROKHQGRVH DR DFDVR XPD GHVVDV VHTXrQFLDV

D SUREDELOLGDGH GH HOD FRQILJXUDU XP FyGLJR GR

E  VLVWHPDGHVFULWRp
 
 
F  D 
 
 
G  E 




 8HUM   8PD FULDQoD JDQKRX VHLV SLFROpV F 
GH WUrV VDERUHV GLIHUHQWHV EDXQLOKD PRUDQJR H 
FKRFRODWH UHSUHVHQWDGRV UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH SHODV 
OHWUDV % 0 H & 'H VHJXQGD D ViEDGR D FULDQoD G 

FRQVRPH XP ~QLFR SLFROp SRU GLD IRUPDQGR XPD

VHTXrQFLD GH FRQVXPR GRV VDERUHV 2EVHUYH
HVWDV VHTXrQFLDV TXH FRUUHVSRQGHP D GLIHUHQWHV GABARITO
PRGRVGHFRQVXPR


% % 0 & 0 & RX % 0 0 & % &  $ % ' ' '
RX & 0 0 % % &  % $ % $ %
 '    
2Q~PHURWRWDOGHPRGRVGLVWLQWRVGHFRQVXPLURV 
SLFROpVHTXLYDOHD
 
D  
E   
F  
G   

 


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 49


ANTÍGENO FUVEST (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
EQUAÇÕES, INEQUAÇÕES, FUNÇÕES, POLINÔMIOS E NÚMEROS COMPLEXOS


 )XYHVW  
D  5  
E  5  
F  5  
G  5  
H  5  

 )XYHVW 6H
[   [   [  D   [  E   
SDUDWRGRQ~PHURUHDO [ RYDORUGH D  E p
 
D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 )XYHVW 6HHPDQRVRVDOiULRPtQLPR
WHYHXPDXPHQWRQRPLQDOGH  HDLQIODomRIRL
GH  p FRUUHWR DILUPDU TXH R DXPHQWR UHDO GR
VDOiULRPtQLPRQHVVHSHUtRGRIRLGH

 D   
%LOO:DWHUVRQ&DOYLQDQG+REEHV'LVSRQtYHOH
KWWSVZZZJRFRPLFVFRP E   
 F   
$V SRVVtYHLV VROXo}HV HP SROHJDGDV LQFKHV HP G   
LQJOrV  SDUD R SUREOHPD PDWHPiWLFR SURSRVWR QR H   
TXDGULQKR QR FDVR HP TXH RV SRQWRV $ %  H &  
HVWmRHPXPDPHVPDUHWDVmR  )XYHVW   &RQVLGHUH D IXQomR SROLQRPLDO

 I  \ o \  GHILQLGD SRU I [ D[   E[  F  HP TXH
D H  
 D E F  \  H D z   1R SODQR FDUWHVLDQR [\  D
 ~QLFDLQWHUVHFomRGDUHWD \  FRPRJUiILFRGHI
E   H  
 pRSRQWR   HDLQWHUVHFomRGDUHWD [  FRP
  R JUiILFR GH I p R SRQWR      2 YDORU GH
F  H  
  D  E  F p
 
G H  
 D  
 E  
H H   F  

G  
 H  
 )XYHVW   $ GRQD GH XPD ODQFKRQHWH 
REVHUYRX TXH YHQGHQGR XP FRPER D 5 
 )XYHVW   6H D IXQomR I  \  ^` o \  p
 GHOHV VmR YHQGLGRV SRU GLD H TXH SDUD FDGD
UHGXomR GH 5  QHVVH SUHoR HOD YHQGH   [  
GHILQLGD SRU I [  H D IXQomR
FRPERV D PDLV 1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV TXDO p D [
Pi[LPD DUUHFDGDomR GLiULD TXH HOD HVSHUD REWHU J  \  ^` o \  p GHILQLGD SRU J [ I I [   HQWmR
FRPDYHQGDGHVVHFRPER" J [ pLJXDOD


50 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


[ G 
D 

E  [  
F  [
G  [   
H  [

 )XYHVW   8P GRQR GH UHVWDXUDQWH DVVLP
GHVFUHYHXDHYROXomRGRIDWXUDPHQWRTXLQ]HQDOGH
VHX QHJyFLR DR ORQJR GRV GH] SULPHLURV PHVHV 
DSyVDLQDXJXUDomR³$WpRILQDOGRVWUrVSULPHLURV H
PHVHV WLYHPRV XPD YHORFLGDGH GH FUHVFLPHQWR
PDLVRXPHQRVFRQVWDQWHTXDQGRHQWmRVRIUHPRV
XPD TXHGD DEUXSWD FRP R IDWXUDPHQWR FDLQGR j
PHWDGH GR TXH WLQKD VLGR DWLQJLGR (P VHJXLGD
YROWDPRV D FUHVFHU LJXDODQGR XP PrV H PHLR
GHSRLV GHVVD TXHGD R IDWXUDPHQWR REWLGR DR ILQDO
GR WHUFHLUR PrV $JRUD DR ILQDO GR GpFLPR PrV
HVWDPRV HVWDELOL]DQGR R IDWXUDPHQWR HP XP
SDWDPDU  DFLPDGRIDWXUDPHQWRREWLGRDRILQDO
GRWHUFHLURPrV´
  
&RQVLGHUDQGR TXH QD RUGHQDGD R IDWXUDPHQWR 
TXLQ]HQDO HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGR HP XQLGDGHV  )XYHVW (PXPDIDPtOLDRQ~PHURGHLUPmV
GHVFRQKHFLGDV SRUpP XQLIRUPHPHQWH HVSDoDGDV GHFDGDILOKDpLJXDOjPHWDGHGRQ~PHURGHLUPmRV
TXDOGRVJUiILFRVpFRPSDWtYHOFRPDGHVFULomRGR &DGDILOKRWHPRPHVPRQ~PHURGHLUPmRVHLUPmV
FRPHUFLDQWH" 
 2Q~PHURWRWDOGHILOKRVHILOKDVGDIDPtOLDp
D  
D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 )XYHVW 'HQWUHRVFDQGLGDWRVTXHIL]HUDP
SURYDV GH PDWHPiWLFD SRUWXJXrV H LQJOrV QXP
FRQFXUVR   REWLYHUDP QRWD PtQLPD SDUD
 DSURYDomRQDVWUrVGLVFLSOLQDV$OpPGLVVRVDEHVH
E  TXH

, QmRREWLYHUDPQRWDPtQLPDHPPDWHPiWLFD
,, QmRREWLYHUDPQRWDPtQLPDHPSRUWXJXrV
,,, QmRREWLYHUDPQRWDPtQLPDHPLQJOrV
,9 QmRREWLYHUDPQRWDPtQLPDHPPDWHPiWLFDH
HPSRUWXJXrV
9 QmRREWLYHUDPQRWDPtQLPDHPPDWHPiWLFDH
HPLQJOrV
9,  QmR REWLYHUDP QRWD PtQLPD HP SRUWXJXrV H
 HPLQJOrVH
F  9,,  QmR REWLYHUDP QRWD PtQLPD HP SRUWXJXrV
PDWHPiWLFDHLQJOrV

$ TXDQWLGDGH GH FDQGLGDWRV TXH SDUWLFLSDUDP GR
FRQFXUVRIRL

D 
E 
F 
G 
 H 



ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 51


 )XYHVW   6HMDP I  \ o \  H J  \  o \  F  'I H 'J GLIHUHPHPDSHQDVXPSRQWR ,I H ,J 
 [ GLIHUHPHPPDLVGHXPSRQWR
GHILQLGDV SRU I [   H J[ ORJ [  G  'I  H 'J  GLIHUHP HP PDLV GH XP SRQWR ,I  H

UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH ,J GLIHUHPHPDSHQDVXPSRQWR
2JUiILFRGDIXQomRFRPSRVWD J D I p
 H  WDQWR 'I H 'J TXDQWR ,I H ,J GLIHUHPHPPDLV
D  GHXPSRQWR

 )XYHVW   &RQVLGHUH R SROLQ{PLR
3[ [Q  DQ[Q  !  D[  D   HP TXH
D  ! DQ  \  6DEHVH TXH DV VXDV Q  UDt]HV
HVWmRVREUHDFLUFXQIHUrQFLDXQLWiULDHTXH D   

E  
2 SURGXWR GDV Q  UDt]HV GH 3 [   SDUD TXDOTXHU
LQWHLUR Q t  p

D   
E  LQ 
 F  LQ 
F 
G   Q 
H   Q 

 )XYHVW   'RLV DWOHWDV FRUUHP FRP
YHORFLGDGHV FRQVWDQWHV HP XPD SLVWD UHWLOtQHD
SDUWLQGR VLPXOWDQHDPHQWH GH H[WUHPRV RSRVWRV $

G  H % 8P GRV FRUUHGRUHV SDUWH GH $ FKHJD D % H
YROWDSDUD$2RXWURFRUUHGRUSDUWHGH % FKHJDD
$ H YROWD SDUD % 2V FRUUHGRUHV FUX]DPVH GXDV
YH]HV D SULPHLUD YH] D   PHWURV GH $  H D
VHJXQGDYH]DPHWURVGH%2FRPSULPHQWRGD
SLVWDHPPHWURVp

 D   
H  E   
F   
G   
H   

  )XYHVW   0DULD TXHU FRPSUDU XPD 79 TXH

HVWi VHQGR YHQGLGD SRU 5   j YLVWD RX HP
 )XYHVW   6HMDP 'I H 'J RV PDLRUHV
VXEFRQMXQWRV GH \  QRV TXDLV HVWmR GHILQLGDV   SDUFHODV PHQVDLV VHP MXURV GH 5   2
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHDVIXQo}HVUHDLV GLQKHLURTXH0DULDUHVHUYRXSDUDHVVDFRPSUDQmRp

VXILFLHQWH SDUD SDJDU j YLVWD PDV GHVFREULX TXH R
[  [   [   EDQFR RIHUHFH XPD DSOLFDomR ILQDQFHLUD TXH UHQGH
I [ H
[   DR PrV $SyV ID]HU RV FiOFXORV 0DULD FRQFOXLX
TXH VH SDJDU D SULPHLUD SDUFHOD H QR PHVPR GLD
[  [   [   DSOLFDUDTXDQWLDUHVWDQWHFRQVHJXLUiSDJDUDVGXDV
J[ 
[ SDUFHODVTXHIDOWDPVHPWHUTXHFRORFDUQHPWLUDUXP

FHQWDYRVHTXHU
&RQVLGHUH DLQGD ,I H ,J DV LPDJHQV GH I H GH J
4XDQWR0DULDUHVHUYRXSDUDHVVDFRPSUDHPUHDLV"
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH 
1HVVDVFRQGLo}HV D   


D  'I 'J H ,I ,J  E   


E  WDQWR 'I  H 'J  TXDQWR ,I  H ,J  GLIHUHP HP F   
DSHQDVXPSRQWR G   
H   

52 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW   2 SROLQ{PLR  )XYHVW   $ WUDMHWyULD GH XP SURMpWLO
3[ [  [   [    SRVVXL XPD UDL] FRPSOH[D ODQoDGRGDEHLUDGHXPSHQKDVFRVREUHXPWHUUHQR
SODQR H KRUL]RQWDO p SDUWH GH XPD SDUiEROD FRP
Ɍ FXMDSDUWHLPDJLQiULDpSRVLWLYD$SDUWHUHDOGH HL[R GH VLPHWULD YHUWLFDO FRPR LOXVWUDGR QD ILJXUD
Ɍ pLJXDOD DEDL[R 2 SRQWR 3 VREUH R WHUUHQR Sp GD
 SHUSHQGLFXODU WUDoDGD D SDUWLU GR SRQWR RFXSDGR
D   SHOR SURMpWLO SHUFRUUH  P GHVGH R LQVWDQWH GR
ODQoDPHQWRDWpRLQVWDQWHHPTXHRSURMpWLODWLQJHR
E  
F   VROR $ DOWXUD Pi[LPD GR SURMpWLO GH  P DFLPD
G   GR WHUUHQR p DWLQJLGD QR LQVWDQWH HP TXH D
H   GLVWkQFLD SHUFRUULGD SRU 3  D SDUWLU GR LQVWDQWH GR
 ODQoDPHQWRpGHP4XDQWRVPHWURVDFLPDGR
 )XYHVW   4XDQGR D /XD HVWi HP TXDUWR WHUUHQRHVWDYDRSURMpWLOTXDQGRIRLODQoDGR"
FUHVFHQWH RX TXDUWR PLQJXDQWH R WULkQJXOR IRUPDGR 
SHOD 7HUUD SHOR 6RO H SHOD /XD p UHWkQJXOR FRP D
/XD QR YpUWLFH GR kQJXOR UHWR 2 DVWU{QRPR JUHJR
$ULVWDUFRGRVpFXOR,,,D&XVRXHVWHIDWRSDUDREWHU
XPYDORUDSUR[LPDGRGDUD]mRHQWUHDVGLVWkQFLDVGD
7HUUDj/XD G/  HGD7HUUDDR6RO G6  





eSRVVtYHOHVWLPDUDPHGLGDGRkQJXOR Ƚ UHODWLYR 
DRYpUWLFHGD7HUUDQHVVDVGXDVIDVHVDSDUWLUGD D   
REVHUYDomR GH TXH R WHPSR W  GHFRUULGR GH XPD E   
OXDTXDUWRFUHVFHQWHDXPDOXDTXDUWRPLQJXDQWHp F   
XP SRXFR PDLRU GR TXH R WHPSR W    GHFRUULGR GH G   
XPD OXD TXDUWR PLQJXDQWH D XPD OXD TXDUWR H   
FUHVFHQWH 6XSRQGR TXH D /XD GHVFUHYD HP WRUQR 
GD7HUUDXPPRYLPHQWRFLUFXODUXQLIRUPHWRPDQGR  )XYHVW   2 Q~PHUR UHDO [ TXH VDWLVID]
W   GLDV H W    GLDV FRQFOXLVH TXH D   [   WHP XPD H[SDQVmR GHFLPDO QD TXDO RV
UD]mR G/ G6 VHULDDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHGDGDSRU  SULPHLURV GtJLWRV j GLUHLWD GD YtUJXOD VmR
LJXDLV D  2V   GtJLWRV VHJXLQWHV VmR

LJXDLVDHRVUHVWDQWHVVmRLJXDLVD]HUR
D  FRV q 
&RQVLGHUHDVVHJXLQWHVDILUPDo}HV
E  FRV q  
F  FRV q  , [pLUUDFLRQDO
G  FRV q  
,, [ t 
H  FRV q  
 ,,, [ ˜  pXPLQWHLURSDU
 )XYHVW   8P YHtFXOR YLDMD HQWUH GRLV 
SRYRDGRV GD 6HUUD GD 0DQWLTXHLUD SHUFRUUHQGR D (QWmR
SULPHLUD WHUoD SDUWH GR WUDMHWR j YHORFLGDGH PpGLD 
GH  NPK D WHUoD SDUWH VHJXLQWH D  NPK H R D  QHQKXPDGDVWUrVDILUPDo}HVpYHUGDGHLUD
UHVWDQWHGRSHUFXUVRDNPK2YDORUTXHPHOKRU E  DSHQDVDVDILUPDo}HV,H,,VmRYHUGDGHLUDV
DSUR[LPD D YHORFLGDGH PpGLD GR YHtFXOR QHVVD F  DSHQDVDDILUPDomR,pYHUGDGHLUD
YLDJHPHP NP K p G  DSHQDVDDILUPDomR,,pYHUGDGHLUD
 H  DSHQDVDDILUPDomR,,,pYHUGDGHLUD
D    
E     )XYHVW   8P DSRVWDGRU JDQKRX XP
F    SUrPLR GH 5   QD ORWHULD H GHFLGLX
G    LQYHVWLUSDUWHGRYDORUHPFDGHUQHWDGHSRXSDQoD
TXHUHQGHDRDQRHRUHVWDQWHHPXPIXQGRGH
H   

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 53


LQYHVWLPHQWRV TXH UHQGH  DR DQR $SHVDU GR
UHQGLPHQWR PDLV EDL[R D FDGHUQHWD GH SRXSDQoD
RIHUHFH DOJXPDV YDQWDJHQV H HOH SUHFLVD GHFLGLU
FRPR LUi GLYLGLU R VHX GLQKHLUR HQWUH DV GXDV
DSOLFDo}HV 3DUD JDUDQWLU DSyV XP DQR XP
UHQGLPHQWR WRWDO GH SHOR PHQRV 5  D
SDUWHGDTXDQWLDDVHUDSOLFDGDQDSRXSDQoDGHYH
VHUGHQRPi[LPR

D  5  
E  5  
F  5  

G  5   
H  5 D  5
 E  5
 F  5
 )XYHVW   6HMD I XPD IXQomR D YDORUHV G  5
UHDLV FRP GRPtQLR '  \  WDO TXH H  5

I[ ORJ ORJ  [   [    SDUDWRGR [  '   )XYHVW $VSURSULHGDGHVDULWPpWLFDVHDV
 UHODWLYDV j QRomR GH RUGHP GHVHPSHQKDP XP
LPSRUWDQWH SDSHO QR HVWXGR GRV Q~PHURV UHDLV
1HVVH FRQWH[WR TXDO GDV DILUPDo}HV DEDL[R p
FRUUHWD"

D  4XDLVTXHU TXH VHMDP RV Q~PHURV UHDLV
SRVLWLYRV D H E p YHUGDGHLUR TXH
DE D  E 
E  4XDLVTXHU TXH VHMDP RV Q~PHURV UHDLV D H E
WDLVTXH D  E  pYHUGDGHLURTXH D E 

 F  4XDOTXHU TXH VHMD R Q~PHUR UHDO D p
2FRQMXQWRTXHSRGHVHURGRPtQLR'p YHUGDGHLURTXH D D 
 G  4XDLVTXHU TXH VHMDP RV Q~PHURV UHDLV D H E
D  ^[  \   [  `  QmR QXORV WDLV TXH D  E  p YHUGDGHLUR TXH
E ^[  \ [ d  RX [ t `   E   D 
F ^[  \

 `
 [   
H  4XDOTXHU TXH VHMD R Q~PHUR UHDO D FRP
  D   pYHUGDGHLURTXH D  D 
G ^ 
[  \ [ d RX [ t  
 ` 
 )XYHVW   $ WDEHOD LQIRUPD D H[WHQVmR

^ `
WHUULWRULDO H D SRSXODomR GH FDGD XPD GDV UHJL}HV
 
H [  \  [   GR%UDVLOVHJXQGRR,%*(
  

 ([WHQVmR 3RSXODomR
5HJLmR
 WHUULWRULDO NP  KDELWDQWHV 
 )XYHVW   2 LPSRVWR GH UHQGD GHYLGR SRU &HQWUR2HVWH  
XPD SHVVRD ItVLFD j 5HFHLWD )HGHUDO p IXQomR GD 1RUGHVWH  
FKDPDGD EDVH GH FiOFXOR TXH VH FDOFXOD 1RUWH  
VXEWUDLQGR R YDORU GDV GHGXo}HV GR YDORU GRV 6XGHVWH  
UHQGLPHQWRV WULEXWiYHLV 2 JUiILFR GHVVD IXQomR 6XO  
UHSUHVHQWDGR QD ILJXUD p D XQLmR GRV VHJPHQWRV 


JJJG ,%*(6LQRSVHGR&HQVR'HPRJUiILFRH
GH UHWD 2$  $%  %&  &'  H GD VHPLUUHWD '(  %UDVLOHPQ~PHURV
-RmR SUHSDURX VXD GHFODUDomR WHQGR DSXUDGR 
FRPR EDVH GH FiOFXOR R YDORU GH 5 6DEHQGR TXH D H[WHQVmR WHUULWRULDO GR %UDVLO p GH
3RXFRDQWHVGHHQYLDUDGHFODUDomRHOHHQFRQWURX DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  PLOK}HV GH NP p FRUUHWR
XP GRFXPHQWR HVTXHFLGR QXPD JDYHWD TXH DILUPDUTXHD

FRPSURYDYD XPD UHQGD WULEXWiYHO DGLFLRQDO GH D  GHQVLGDGH GHPRJUiILFD GD UHJLmR VXGHVWH p
5 $R FRUULJLU D GHFODUDomR LQIRUPDQGR GHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHKDELWDQWHVSRUNP
HVVD UHQGD DGLFLRQDO R YDORU GR LPSRVWR GHYLGR E  UHJLmR QRUWH FRUUHVSRQGH D FHUFD GH  GR
VHUiDFUHVFLGRGH WHUULWyULRQDFLRQDO

54 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


F  UHJLmR VXO p D TXH WHP D PDLRU GHQVLGDGH  )XYHVW   8P DXWRPyYHO PRGHOR IOH[
GHPRJUiILFD FRQVRPH  OLWURV GH JDVROLQD SDUD SHUFRUUHU 
G  UHJLmR FHQWURRHVWH FRUUHVSRQGH D FHUFD GH .P 4XDQGR VH RSWD SHOR XVR GR iOFRRO R
GRWHUULWyULRQDFLRQDO DXWRPyYHO FRQVRPH  OLWURV GHVWH FRPEXVWtYHO
H  GHQVLGDGH GHPRJUiILFD GD UHJLmR QRUGHVWH p SDUD SHUFRUUHU  .P 6XSRQKD TXH XP OLWUR GH
GHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHKDELWDQWHVSRUNP JDVROLQD FXVWH 5 4XDO GHYH VHU R SUHoR GR
 OLWUR GR iOFRRO SDUD TXH R FXVWR GR TXLO{PHWUR
 )XYHVW   &RQVLGHUH D IXQomR URGDGR SRU HVVH DXWRPyYHO XVDQGR VRPHQWH
[ JDVROLQDRXVRPHQWHiOFRROFRPRFRPEXVWtYHOVHMD
I [  DTXDOHVWiGHILQLGDSDUD [ z  
[   RPHVPR"
(QWmR SDUD WRGR [ z   H [ z   R SURGXWR 
I [ I  [ pLJXDOD D  5
 E  5
D    F  5
E    G  5
F  [   H  5

G  [    
 )XYHVW   2 ËQGLFH GH 0DVVD &RUSRUDO
H  [     ,0& pRQ~PHURREWLGRSHODGLYLVmRGDPDVVDGH
 XP LQGLYtGXR DGXOWR HP TXLORJUDPDV SHOR
 )XYHVW   6HMDP I [   [   H TXDGUDGR GD DOWXUD PHGLGD HP PHWURV e XPD
J [   [  [   $ VRPD GRV YDORUHV DEVROXWRV UHIHUrQFLD DGRWDGD SHOD 2UJDQL]DomR 0XQGLDO GH
GDVUDt]HVGDHTXDomR I J [ J [ pLJXDOD 6D~GH SDUD FODVVLILFDU XP LQGLYtGXR DGXOWR FRP
 UHODomR DRVHX SHVR H DOWXUDFRQIRUPH D WDEHOD D
D  VHJXLU
E  

F  ,0& &ODVVLILFDomR


G  DWp $EDL[RGRSHVR
H  GHD 3HVRQRUPDO
 GHD 6REUHSHVR
 )XYHVW  6HMD I [ D  E[ F  HP TXH D GHD 2EHVLGDGHJUDX
E H F VmR Q~PHURV UHDLV $ LPDJHP GH I p D GHD 2EHVLGDGHJUDX
DSDUWLUGH 2EHVLGDGHJUDX
VHPLUUHWD @ f> HRJUiILFRGHILQWHUFHSWDRVHL[RV

FRRUGHQDGRVQRVSRQWRV  H  (QWmRR /HYDQGR HP FRQWD HVVHV GDGRV FRQVLGHUH DV
SURGXWRDEFYDOH
VHJXLQWHVDILUPDo}HV

D   
E   , 8P LQGLYtGXR DGXOWR GH  P H  NJ
F   DSUHVHQWD2EHVLGDGH*UDX
G   ,, 8PDGDVHVWUDWpJLDVSDUDGLPLQXLUDREHVLGDGH
H   QD SRSXODomR p DXPHQWDU D DOWXUD PpGLD GH
 VHXV LQGLYtGXRV SRUPHLRGH DWLYLGDGHV ItVLFDV
 )XYHVW   $ IXQomR I 5 ĺ 5  WHP FRPR RULHQWDGDVSDUDDGXOWRV
JUiILFRXPDSDUiERODHVDWLVID]I [ ±I [  [
,,, 8PDQRYDFODVVLILFDomRTXHFRQVLGHUHREHVRV
SDUD WRGR Q~PHUR UHDO [ (QWmR R PHQRU YDORU GH
VRPHQWH LQGLYtGXRV FRP ,0& PDLRU TXH 
I [ RFRUUHTXDQGR[pLJXDOD
SRGHGLPLQXLURVSUREOHPDVGHVD~GHS~EOLFD



D  (VWiFRUUHWRRTXHVHDILUPDVRPHQWHHP


 D  ,
E 
 E  ,,
 F  ,,,
F  G  ,H,,

H  ,H,,,
G  

 
H  
 
 
 

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 55


 )XYHVW 2SROLQ{PLRS [  [D[E[ (QWmRPQpLJXDOD
HPTXHDHEVmRQ~PHURVUHDLVWHPUHVWRVH 
TXDQGRGLYLGLGRSRU[H[UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH D  
$VVLPRYDORUGHDp E  
 F  
D   G  
E   H  
F   
G    )XYHVW   1R ILOPH $ 0$5&+$ '26
H   3,1*8,16 Ki XPD FHQD HP TXH R 6RO H D /XD
 DSDUHFHPVLPXOWDQHDPHQWHQRFpX
 )XYHVW   $ VRPD GRV YDORUHV GH P SDUD $SHVDU GH R GLkPHWUR GR 6RO VHU FHUFD GH 
RV TXDLV [   p UDL] GD HTXDomR YH]HVPDLRUGRTXHRGLkPHWURGD/XDQHVWDFHQD
[ PP [ P  pLJXDOD RVGRLVFRUSRVSDUHFHPWHURPHVPRWDPDQKR
 $ H[SOLFDomR FLHQWLILFDPHQWH DFHLWiYHO SDUD D
D  
DSDUHQWHLJXDOGDGHGHWDPDQKRVp
E  
F   
G   D  26ROHVWiFHUFDGHYH]HVPDLVGLVWDQWHGD
H   7HUUD GR TXH D /XD PDV D OX] GR 6RO p 
 YH]HVPDLVLQWHQVDGRTXHDOX]GD/XDRTXHR
 )XYHVW 3RUUHFRPHQGDomRPpGLFDXPD ID]SDUHFHUPDLVSUy[LPRGD7HUUD
SHVVRDGHYHID]HUGXUDQWHXPFXUWRSHUtRGRGLHWD E  $GLVWkQFLDGR6ROj7HUUDpFHUFDGHYH]HV
DOLPHQWDU TXH OKH JDUDQWD XP PtQLPR GLiULR GH  PDLRUGRTXHDGD7HUUDj/XDPDVRYROXPHGR
6ROpDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHYH]HVPDLRUGRTXH
PLOLJUDPDV GH YLWDPLQD $ H  PLFURJUDPDV GH
RGD/XDRTXHID]DPERVSDUHFHUHPGRPHVPR
YLWDPLQD ' DOLPHQWDQGRVH H[FOXVLYDPHQWH GH XP
WDPDQKR
LRJXUWH HVSHFLDO H GH XPD PLVWXUD GH FHUHDLV F  7UDWDVHGHXP UHFXUVR GR GLUHWRU GR ILOPHTXH
DFRPRGDGD HP SDFRWHV &DGD OLWUR GR LRJXUWH SURGX]LXXPDLPDJHPLPSRVVtYHOGHVHUYLVWDQD
IRUQHFH  PLOLJUDPD GH YLWDPLQD $ H  UHDOLGDGHIRUDGDWHODGRFLQHPD
PLFURJUDPDV GH YLWDPLQD ' &DGD SDFRWH GH G  2 HIHLWR PDJQpWLFR SHUWXUED D REVHUYDomR
FHUHDLV IRUQHFH  PLOLJUDPDV GH YLWDPLQD $ H  GLVWRUFHQGR DV LPDJHQV SRLV D ILOPDJHP IRL
PLFURJUDPDVGHYLWDPLQD'&RQVXPLQGR[OLWURVGH UHDOL]DGDHPUHJLmRSUy[LPDDR3ROR
LRJXUWH H \ SDFRWHV GH FHUHDLV GLDULDPHQWH D H  $GLVWkQFLDGD7HUUDDR6ROpFHUFDGHYH]HV
SHVVRDWHUiFHUWH]DGHHVWDUFXPSULQGRDGLHWDVH PDLRUGRTXHDGD7HUUDj/XDFRPSHQVDQGRR
 IDWRGHRGLkPHWURGR6ROVHUDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
D  [\•H[\• YH]HVPDLRUGRTXHRGD/XD
E  [\”H[\” 
F  [\•H[\•  )XYHVW   8PD ID]HQGD HVWHQGHVH SRU
G  [\”H[\” GRLVPXQLFtSLRV$H%$SDUWHGDID]HQGDTXHHVWi
H  [\•H[\• HP $ RFXSDGD iUHDGHVVHPXQLFtSLR $ SDUWH
 GD ID]HQGD TXH HVWi HP % RFXSD  GD iUHD
 )XYHVW   2V HVWXGDQWHV GH XPD FODVVH GHVVH PXQLFtSLR 6DEHQGRVH TXH D iUHD GR
RUJDQL]DUDP VXD IHVWD GH ILQDO GH DQR GHYHQGR PXQLFtSLR%pGH]YH]HVDiUHDGRPXQLFtSLR$D
FDGD XP FRQWULEXLU FRP 5  SDUD DV UD]mR HQWUH D iUHD GD SDUWH GD ID]HQGD TXH HVWi
GHVSHVDV&RPRDOXQRVGHL[DUDPDHVFRODDQWHV HP$HDiUHDWRWDOGDID]HQGDpLJXDOD
GD DUUHFDGDomR H DV GHVSHVDV SHUPDQHFHUDP DV 

PHVPDV FDGD XP GRV HVWXGDQWHV UHVWDQWHV WHULD D  


GH SDJDU 5  D PDLV 1R HQWDQWR R GLUHWRU E  
SDUD DMXGDU FRODERURX FRP 5  4XDQWR F  
SDJRXFDGDDOXQRSDUWLFLSDQWHGDIHVWD" G  
H  
 
D  5  )XYHVW   2 FRQMXQWR GRV Q~PHURV UHDLV [
E  5 TXH VDWLVID]HP D LQHTXDomR ORJ [ ORJ [ !
F  5
pRLQWHUYDOR
G  5
H  5 
 D  @’>
 )XYHVW   $ VRPD H R SURGXWR GDV UDt]HV E  @’>
GDHTXDomRGHVHJXQGRJUDX PQ [Q[ F  @>
P  YDOHPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHH G  @>
H  @>

56 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW   6XSRQKD TXH XP ILR VXVSHQVR
HQWUHGXDVFROXQDVGHPHVPDDOWXUD K VLWXDGDVj
GABARITO
GLVWkQFLD G  YHU ILJXUD  DVVXPD D IRUPD GH XPD 
SDUiEROD $ & $ % %
 ( ( & ( $
( ( ' & $
( $ ' ( $
$ & ( $ %
' $ & ( $
$ $ $ ( $
 ( & ' % $
 '    
6XSRQKDWDPEpPTXH 

L DDOWXUDPtQLPDGRILRDRVRORVHMDLJXDOD
LL DDOWXUDGRILRVREUHXPSRQWRQRVRORTXHGLVWD
G K
GHXPDGDVFROXQDVVHMDLJXDOD  
 

§ G·
6H K  ¨ ¸  HQWmR G YDOH
©¹

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   

 )XYHVW 2PHQRUQ~PHURLQWHLURSRVLWLYR
TXH GHYHPRV DGLFLRQDU D  SDUD TXH D VRPD
VHMDRTXDGUDGRGHXPQ~PHURLQWHLURSRVLWLYRp

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 )XYHVW 26U5HJLQDOGRWHPGRLVILOKRV
QDVFLGRVUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHHPH
(PWHVWDPHQWRHOHHVWLSXORXTXHVXDIRUWXQDGHYH
VHUGLYLGLGDHQWUHRVGRLVILOKRVGHWDOIRUPDTXH

 RVYDORUHVVHMDPSURSRUFLRQDLVjVLGDGHV
 R ILOKR PDLV QRYR UHFHED SHOR PHQRV  GR
YDORUTXHRPDLVYHOKRUHFHEHU

2 SULPHLUR GLD QR TXDO R WHVWDPHQWR SRGHUi VHU
FXPSULGRp

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  




ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 57


ANTÍGENO UNESP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
EQUAÇÕES, INEQUAÇÕES, FUNÇÕES, POLINÔMIOS E NÚMEROS COMPLEXOS


 8QHVS   8PD FLGDGH WHP VXD iUHD  8QHVS  (VWXGRVVREUHPRGHORVDW{PLFRV
WHUULWRULDO GLYLGLGD HP TXDWUR UHJL}HV 2 HVTXHPD IRUDP IXQGDPHQWDLV SDUD R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GD
DSUHVHQWDGHPRGRVLPSOLILFDGRDiUHDWHUULWRULDOH 4XtPLFD FRPR FLrQFLD 3RU YROWD GH  D& RV
DGHQVLGDGHSRSXODFLRQDOGHVVDVTXDWURUHJL}HV ILOyVRIRVJUHJRV/HXFLSRH'HPyFULWRFRQVWUXtUDPD
 KLSyWHVH GH TXH R PXQGR H HP FRQVHTXrQFLD D
PDWpULD HUDP FRQVWLWXtGRV D SDUWLU GH XQLGDGHV
LGrQWLFDV H LQGLYLVtYHLV FKDPDGDV iWRPRV
&RQWXGRIRLVRPHQWHDSDUWLUGRVpFXOR;,;TXHD
UHDOL]DomR GH H[SHULPHQWRV WRUQRX SRVVtYHO D
FRPSURYDomRGHKLSyWHVHVGHVHQYROYLGDVDRORQJR
GR WHPSR 8P GRV SULPHLURV PRGHORV DFHLWRV IRL
FULDGR SRU -RKQ 'DOWRQ DSUHVHQWDGR HP XP OLYUR
GH VXD DXWRULD SXEOLFDGR HP  $QRV GHSRLV
RXWURV GRLV SULQFLSDLV PRGHORV IRUDP
GHVHQYROYLGRV DWp TXH HP  R ItVLFR 1LHOV
%RKU SXEOLFRX XP OLYUR FRP VXD WHRULD VREUH R
PRGHORDW{PLFR
 
 7RPDQGR FRPR UHIHUrQFLD DV GDWDV GH SXEOLFDomR
$ SDUWLFLSDomR GDV SRSXODo}HV GHVVDV UHJL}HV QD GRV WUDEDOKRV GH 'DOWRQ H GH %RKU D OLQKD GR
SRSXODomRWRWDOGDFLGDGHp WHPSR TXH DSUHVHQWD RV IDWRV KLVWyULFRV GR
 GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GR PRGHOR DW{PLFR FRP HVSDoR
D  E  SURSRUFLRQDOjGLVWkQFLDGHWHPSRHQWUHHOHVp

D


E
 
 
F  G 


F


  G
 
H  


H 


 
 
 

58 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS   (P UHODomR D XP VLVWHPD D   NP 
FDUWHVLDQR GH HL[RV RUWRJRQDLV FRP RULJHP HP E   NP 
2    XPDYLmRVHGHVORFDHPOLQKDUHWDGH 2 
F   NP 
DWp R SRQWR 3  PDQWHQGR VHPSUH XP kQJXOR GH
G   NP 
LQFOLQDomRGH q FRPDKRUL]RQWDO$SDUWLUGH 3 
H   NP 
R DYLmR LQLFLD WUDMHWyULD SDUDEyOLFD GDGD SHOD

IXQomR I [  [   [    FRP [  H I [  HP
 8QHVS   (P XP GLD GH DXOD IDOWDUDP  
TXLO{PHWURV $R DWLQJLU R SRQWR PDLV DOWR GD DOXQDV H   DOXQRV SRUTXH RV FLQFR HVWDYDP
WUDMHWyULD SDUDEyOLFD QR SRQWR 9  R DYLmR SDVVD D JULSDGRV'RVDOXQRVHDOXQDVTXHIRUDPjDXOD  
VH GHVORFDU FRP DOWLWXGH FRQVWDQWH HP UHODomR DR PHQLQRV H  PHQLQD WDPEpP HVWDYDP JULSDGRV
VRORUHSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUDSHORHL[R [  'HQWUH RV PHQLQRV SUHVHQWHV j DXOD D
 SRUFHQWDJHPGRVTXHHVWDYDPJULSDGRVHUD  H
GHQWUH DV PHQLQDV D SRUFHQWDJHP GDV TXH
HVWDYDP JULSDGDV HUD   1RV GLDV HP TXH D
WXUPD HVWi FRPSOHWD D SRUFHQWDJHP GH PHQLQRV
QHVVDWXUPDpGH

D   
E   
F   
G   
 H   

(PUHODomRDRVRORGRSRQWR3SDUDRSRQWR9D
DOWLWXGHGRDYLmRDXPHQWRX




 8QHVS 2EVHUYHQRSODQRFDUWHVLDQRGHHL[RVRUWRJRQDLVRJUiILFRGHGXDVIXQo}HVH[SRQHQFLDLV
GH \ HP \ 




$LQWHUVHFomRGHVVHVJUiILFRVRFRUUHUiHP

D  LQILQLWRVSRQWRVORFDOL]DGRVQRžTXDGUDQWH
E  XP~QLFRSRQWRORFDOL]DGRQRžTXDGUDQWH
F  XP~QLFRSRQWRORFDOL]DGRQRžTXDGUDQWH
G  XP~QLFRSRQWRORFDOL]DGRQRžTXDGUDQWH
H  XP~QLFRSRQWRORFDOL]DGRQRžTXDGUDQWH


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 59



 8QHVS 'RLVGRVPDWHULDLVPDLVXWLOL]DGRV  8QHVS   6HQGR [  XP Q~PHUR UHDO PDLRU
SDUD ID]HU SLVWDV GH URGDJHP GH YHtFXORV VmR R 
FRQFUHWR H R DVIDOWR 8PD SLVWD QRYD GH FRQFUHWR TXH   D iUHD GH XP UHWkQJXOR p GDGD SHOR

UHIOHWHPDLVRVUDLRVVRODUHVGRTXHXPDSLVWDQRYD
GH DVIDOWR SRUpP FRP RV DQRV GH XVR DPEDV SROLQ{PLR [   [    6H D EDVH GHVVH
WHQGHP D UHIOHWLU D PHVPD SRUFHQWDJHP GH UDLRV UHWkQJXORpGDGDSHORSROLQ{PLR[RTXDGUDGR
VRODUHVFRQIRUPHPRVWUDPRVVHJPHQWRVGHUHWDV GDGLDJRQDOGRUHWkQJXORpH[SUHVVRSHORSROLQ{PLR

QRVJUiILFRV


D  [   [   


E  [    
F  [    
G [   [   
H  [   [   

 8QHVS   2V HVWXGDQWHV   H 
FRQFRUUHUDP D XP PHVPR FDUJR GD GLUHWRULD GR
JUrPLRGHXPDIDFXOGDGHGD81(63VHQGRTXH
REWHYH   GR WRWDO GH YRWRV TXH RV WUrV
UHFHEHUDP SDUD HVVH FDUJR 1D ILJXUD D iUHD GH
FDGD XP GRV WUrV UHWkQJXORV UHSUHVHQWD D
SRUFHQWDJHP GH YRWRV REWLGRV SHOR FDQGLGDWR
FRUUHVSRQGHQWH -XQWRV RV UHWkQJXORV FRPS}HP
XP TXDGUDGR FXMD iUHD UHSUHVHQWD R WRWDO GRV
YRWRVUHFHELGRVSHORVWUrVFDQGLGDWRV



0DQWLGDV DV UHODo}HV OLQHDUHV H[SUHVVDV QRV
JUiILFRV DR ORQJR GRV DQRV GH XVR GXDV SLVWDV
QRYDV XPD GH FRQFUHWR H RXWUD GH DVIDOWR
DWLQJLUmR SHOD SULPHLUD YH] D PHVPD SRUFHQWDJHP
GHUHIOH[mRGRVUDLRVVRODUHVDSyV

D  DQRV
E  DQRV
F  DQRV
G  DQRV
H  DQRV

 8QHVS   5HQDWD HVFROKH DOHDWRULDPHQWH
XP Q~PHUR UHDO GH   D   H GLIHUHQWH GH ]HUR
GHQRWDQGRR SRU [  1D UHWD UHDO R LQWHUYDOR 
QXPpULFR TXH QHFHVVDULDPHQWH FRQWpP R Q~PHUR 

[ 'RWRWDOGHYRWRVUHFHELGRVSHORVWUrVFDQGLGDWRVR
p FDQGLGDWRREWHYH
[ 
 D 
D  E 
F 
 G 
E  H 

 8QHVS 8PDIXQomRTXDGUiWLFD I pGDGD

F  SRU I [ [   E[  F FRP E H F UHDLV6H I   
H I   I    R PHQRU YDORU TXH I [  SRGH
 DVVXPLUTXDQGR [ YDULDQRFRQMXQWRGRVQ~PHURV
G  UHDLVpLJXDOD

D 
 E 
H  F 
G 
 H 

60 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS   7UrV FXERV ODUDQMDV LGrQWLFRV H  8QHVS 1RXQLYHUVRGRVQ~PHURVUHDLV
WUrV FXERV D]XLV LGrQWLFRV HVWmR HTXLOLEUDGRV HP [  [   [   [  
GXDV EDODQoDV GH SUDWRV WDPEpP LGrQWLFDV D HTXDomR   p
FRQIRUPHLQGLFDPDVILJXUDV [   [  
 VDWLVIHLWDSRUDSHQDV

D  WUrVQ~PHURV
E  GRLVQ~PHURV
F  XPQ~PHUR
 G  TXDWURQ~PHURV
 H  FLQFRQ~PHURV
$PDVVDGHXPFXERODUDQMDVXSHUDDGHXPFXER 
D]XOHPH[DWR  8QHVS   8PD FRPSDQKLD GH HQJHQKDULD
 GHWUkQVLWRGLYXOJDRtQGLFHGHOHQWLGmRGDVUXDVSRU
D   NJ  HOD PRQLWRUDGDV GH GXDV IRUPDV GLVWLQWDV SRUpP
E   NJ  HTXLYDOHQWHV (P XPD GHODV GLYXOJDVH D
F   NJ  TXDQWLGDGH GH TXLO{PHWURV FRQJHVWLRQDGRV H QD
RXWUD D SRUFHQWDJHP GH TXLO{PHWURV
G   NJ  FRQJHVWLRQDGRVHPUHODomRDRWRWDOGHTXLO{PHWURV
H   NJ  PRQLWRUDGRV
 
 8QHVS   8P JUXSR GH HVWXGDQWHV IDUi 2tQGLFHGHOHQWLGmRGLYXOJDGRSRUHVVDFRPSDQKLD
XPDH[FXUVmRHDOXJDUi{QLEXVSDUDWUDQVSRUWiOR QRGLDGHPDUoRIRLGH  HQRPHVPRGLDH
$ WUDQVSRUWDGRUD GLVS}H GH {QLEXV HP GRLV KRUiULRGHDEULOIRLGH  NP 6DEHVHTXHRWRWDO
WDPDQKRV SHTXHQR H JUDQGH 2 SHTXHQR WHP GH TXLO{PHWURV PRQLWRUDGRV SHOD FRPSDQKLD
FDSDFLGDGH SDUD  SHVVRDV DR FXVWR WRWDO GH DXPHQWRX HP   GH PDUoR SDUDDEULO H TXH RV
5   2 JUDQGH WHP FDSDFLGDGH SDUD  GRLV GDGRV GLYXOJDGRV FRLQFLGHQWHPHQWH
SHVVRDV DR FXVWR WRWDO GH 5   6DEHVH UHSUHVHQWDYDP XPD PHVPD TXDQWLGDGH GH
TXH SHOR PHQRV  HVWXGDQWHV SDUWLFLSDUmR GD TXLO{PHWURVFRQJHVWLRQDGRVQDFLGDGH
H[FXUVmR H TXH R JUXSR QmR TXHU JDVWDU PDLV GR 
TXH 5  FRPRDOXJXHOGRV{QLEXV 1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV R tQGLFH GH FRQJHVWLRQDPHQWR
GLYXOJDGR QR GLD  GH DEULO IRL GH
 DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
6HQGR [ R Q~PHUR GH {QLEXV SHTXHQRV H \ R 
Q~PHUR GH {QLEXV JUDQGHV TXH VHUmR DOXJDGRV R D   
SDU RUGHQDGR [ \  WHUi TXH SHUWHQFHU E   
QHFHVVDULDPHQWH DR FRQMXQWR VROXomR GR VLVWHPD F   
GHLQHTXDo}HV G   

H   
­[  \ t  
D ® 
¯[  \ d   8QHVS   8PD FRQIHLWDULD YHQGHX VHXV
 GRLV ~OWLPRV ERORV SRU 5   FDGD (OD WHYH
­[  \ d  OXFUR GH   FRP D YHQGD GH XP GRV ERORV H
E ® 
¯[  \ t  SUHMXt]R GH   FRP D YHQGD GR RXWUR 1R WRWDO
 GHVVDVYHQGDVDFRQIHLWDULDWHYH
­[  \ t  
F ®  D  SUHMXt]RGH 5  
¯[  \ t 
E  OXFURGH 5  

F  SUHMXt]RGH 5  
­[  \ d 
G ®  G  OXFURGH 5  
¯[  \ d 
 H  SUHMXt]RGH 5  
­[  \ d  
H ®   8QHVS   1R JUiILFR HVWmR UHSUHVHQWDGDV
¯[  \ d  DVFXUYDVWtSLFDVGHYHORFLGDGHGHFUHVFLPHQWRHP
 FPDQR HP IXQomR GD LGDGH HP DQRV SDUD
 PHQLQRVHPHQLQDVGHDDQRVGHLGDGH(VWmR
 LQGLFDGRV WDPEpP SDUD RV GRLV JrQHURV WUHFKRV
 GH DFHOHUDomR H GHVDFHOHUDomR GR FUHVFLPHQWR H
 RVSRQWRVGHLQtFLRGRHVWLUmRGDDGROHVFrQFLDHGH
 WpUPLQRGHFUHVFLPHQWR

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 61


8P PRGHOR PDWHPiWLFR FRQVLVWHQWH FRP WRGRV RV
GDGRVREWLGRVQRH[SHULPHQWRSHUPLWHSUHYHUTXHR
WHPSR QHFHVViULR H VXILFLHQWH SDUD FKDPXVFDU
WRWDOPHQWH XP SDOLWR GH IyVIRUR LGrQWLFR DRV TXH
IRUDPXVDGRVQRH[SHULPHQWRpGH

D  PLQXWRHVHJXQGRV
E  PLQXWR
F  PLQXWRHVHJXQGRV
G  PLQXWRHVHJXQGR
H  PLQXWRHVHJXQGRV

 8QHVS   $ ILJXUD GHVFUHYH R JUiILFR GH
XPDIXQomRH[SRQHQFLDOGRWLSR \ D [  GH \ HP
\ 




&RQVLGHUDQGR DSHQDV DV LQIRUPDo}HV FRQWLGDV QR
JUiILFRpFRUUHWRDILUPDUTXH

D  DSyV R SHUtRGR GH DFHOHUDomR QR FUHVFLPHQWR
WDQWRRVPHQLQRVTXDQWRDVPHQLQDVSDUDPGH
FUHVFHU
E  DV PHQLQDV DWLQJHP VXD PDLRU HVWDWXUD SRU
YROWD GRV  DQRV GH LGDGH H RV PHQLQRV SRU
YROWDGRVDQRVGHLGDGH
F  VH XP PHQLQR H XPD PHQLQD QDVFHP FRP D 
PHVPD HVWDWXUD DR ILQDO GR SHUtRGR GH 
FUHVFLPHQWR HOHV WDPEpP WHUmR D PHVPD 1HVVDIXQomRRYDORUGH \ SDUD [  pLJXDOD
HVWDWXUD 
G  GHVGH R LQtFLR GRV UHVSHFWLYRV HVWLU}HV GR D  ORJ 
FUHVFLPHQWR QD DGROHVFrQFLD DWp R ILQDO GR
E  ORJ  
FUHVFLPHQWR RV PHQLQRV FUHVFHP PHQRV GR
TXHDVPHQLQDV F  
H  HQWUH  H  DQRV GH LGDGH RV PHQLQRV H DV G  ORJ  
PHQLQDV VRIUHP YDULDo}HV LJXDLV HP VXDV
HVWDWXUDV H   
 
 8QHVS   (P XP H[SHULPHQWR FRP VHWH  8QHVS 8PDLPRELOLiULDH[LJHGRVQRYRV
SDOLWRVGHIyVIRURLGrQWLFRVVHLVIRUDPDFHVRVQDV ORFDWiULRV GH LPyYHLV R SDJDPHQWR DR ILQDO GR
PHVPDV FRQGLo}HV H DR PHVPR WHPSR $ FKDPD SULPHLURPrVQRLPyYHOGHXPDWD[DMXQWRFRPD
GH FDGD SDOLWR IRL DSDJDGD GHSRLV GH W  VHJXQGRV SULPHLUDPHQVDOLGDGHGHDOXJXHO5DIDHODOXJRXXP
H HP VHJXLGD DQRWRXVH R FRPSULPHQWR [  HP LPyYHO QHVVD LPRELOLiULD H SDJRX 5   DR
FHQWtPHWURVGHPDGHLUDQmRFKDPXVFDGDHPFDGD ILQDO GR SULPHLUR PrV 1R SHUtRGR GH XP DQR GH
SDOLWR $ ILJXUD D VHJXLU LQGLFD RV UHVXOWDGRV GR RFXSDomR GR LPyYHO HOH FRQWDELOL]RX JDVWRV WRWDLV
H[SHULPHQWR
 GH 5  FRPDORFDomRGRLPyYHO
1DVLWXDomRGHVFULWDDWD[DSDJDIRLGH

D  5  
E  5  
F  5  
G  5  
H  5  

 8QHVS (PXPWHUUHQRUHWDQJXODU$%&'
GH  P  VHUmRFRQVWUXtGRVXPGHTXHHXPODJR
DPERV GH VXSHUItFLHV UHWDQJXODUHV GH PHVPD
ODUJXUD FRP DV PHGLGDV LQGLFDGDV QD ILJXUD 2

SURMHWR GH FRQVWUXomR DLQGD SUHYr R SODQWLR GH

62 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


JUDPD QD iUHD UHVWDQWH TXH FRUUHVSRQGH D   GHVFDUWDGRV

GRWHUUHQR KWWSVDJHQFLDILRFUX]EU$GDSWDGR 
 
'HDFRUGRFRPRVGDGRVGRWH[WRGREROHWLPGH
GHMDQHLURSDUDRGHGHIHYHUHLURRDXPHQWRQR
Q~PHUR GH FDVRV FODVVLILFDGRV FRPR FRQILUPDGRV
RXFRPRGHVFDUWDGRVIRLGHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   

 8QHVS $WDEHODLQGLFDRJDVWRGHiJXD
 HP P  SRU PLQXWR GH XPD WRUQHLUD DEHUWD  HP
 IXQomR GR TXDQWR VHX UHJLVWUR HVWi DEHUWR HP
1R SURMHWR GHVFULWR D iUHD GD VXSHUItFLH GR ODJR YROWDVSDUDGXDVSRVLo}HVGRUHJLVWUR
HP P  VHUiLJXDOD 
 *DVWRGHiJXDSRU
$EHUWXUDGDWRUQHLUD
D   PLQXWR
YROWD 
E    P 
F   
G    

H    
 ZZZVDEHVSFRPEU$GDSWDGR 
 8QHVS   $ WD[D GH DQDOIDEHWLVPR 
UHSUHVHQWDDSRUFHQWDJHPGDSRSXODomRFRPLGDGH 6DEHVH TXH R JUiILFR GR JDVWR HP IXQomR GD
GHDQRVRXPDLVTXHpFRQVLGHUDGDDQDOIDEHWD DEHUWXUD p XPD UHWD H TXH R JDVWR GH iJXD SRU
$WDEHODLQGLFDDOJXQVGDGRVHVWDWtVWLFRVUHIHUHQWHV PLQXWRTXDQGRDWRUQHLUDHVWiWRWDOPHQWHDEHUWDp
DXPPXQLFtSLR GH  P 3RUWDQWR p FRUUHWR DILUPDU TXH HVVD
 WRUQHLUD HVWDUi WRWDOPHQWH DEHUWD TXDQGR KRXYHU
3RSXODomRFRP 3RSXODomR
7D[DGH XP JLUR QR VHX UHJLVWUR GH DEHUWXUD GH  YROWD
PHQRVGH FRPDQRV
DQDOIDEHWLVPR
DQRV RXPDLV FRPSOHWDHPDLV

   
 D GHYROWD
'R WRWDO GH SHVVRDV GHVVH PXQLFtSLR FRP PHQRV 
GHDQRVGHLGDGH  SRGHPVHUFRQVLGHUDGDV 
E GHYROWD
DOIDEHWL]DGDV 
 
F GHYROWD
&RP EDVH QDV LQIRUPDo}HV DSUHVHQWDGDV p 
FRUUHWR DILUPDU TXH GD SRSXODomR WRWDO GHVVH 
PXQLFtSLRVmRDOIDEHWL]DGRV G GHYROWD


D    
H GHYROWD

E   

F     8QHVS (PGHDJRVWRGHXPD
G    ERPED DW{PLFD IRL GHWRQDGD VREUH D FLGDGH
H    MDSRQHVDGH1DJDVDNL$ERPEDH[SORGLXD  P 
 GH DOWXUD DFLPD GR SRQWR TXH ILFDULD FRQKHFLGR
 8QHVS   2 0LQLVWpULR GD 6D~GH H RV FRPR³PDUFR]HUR´
HVWDGRV EUDVLOHLURV LQYHVWLJDUDP   FDVRV 

VXVSHLWRVGHPLFURFHIDOLDHPWRGRRSDtV2EROHWLP
GH  GH IHYHUHLUR DSRQWD TXH GHVVH WRWDO  
WLYHUDP FRQILUPDomR GH PLFURFHIDOLD RX GH RXWUDV
DOWHUDo}HVGRVLVWHPDFHQWUDOHRXWURV  FDVRV
IRUDP GHVFDUWDGRV $QWHULRUPHQWH QR EROHWLP GH 
 GH MDQHLUR KDYLD   FDVRV LQYHVWLJDGRV H 
FODVVLILFDGRV FRPR FRQILUPDGRV RX FRPR

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 63


1R ILOPH Wolverine Imortal Ki XPD VHTXrQFLD GH JLUR FRPSOHWR GR HL[R GD HQJUHQDJHP '  LPSOLFD
LPDJHQV QD TXDO R KHUyL DFRPSDQKDGR GR PLOLWDU XP JLUR FRPSOHWR GR SRQWHLUR GRV PLQXWRV QR
MDSRQrV <DVKLGD VH HQFRQWUDYD D  NP  GR PDUFR PRVWUDGRUGRUHOyJLR
]HUR H D  P  GH XP SRoR 1R PRPHQWR GD 
H[SORVmR RV GRLV FRUUHP H VH UHIXJLDP QR SRoR
FKHJDQGR QHVVH ORFDO QR PRPHQWR H[DWR HP TXH
XPD QXYHP GH SRHLUD H PDWHULDO UDGLRDWLYR
SURYRFDGDSHODH[SORVmRSDVVDSRUHOHV

$ ILJXUD D VHJXLU PRVWUD DV SRVLo}HV GR ³PDUFR
]HUR´ GD H[SORVmR GD ERPED GR SRoR H GRV
SHUVRQDJHQVGRILOPHQRPRPHQWRGDH[SORVmRGD
ERPED




4XDQGR RV SRQWHLURV GR UHOyJLR PDUFDUDP
 K  PLQ  IRUDP GDGRV   JLURV FRPSOHWRV QR

 HL[R GD HQJUHQDJHP $ QR VHQWLGR LQGLFDGR QD
6H RV YHQWRV SURYRFDGRV SHOD H[SORVmR IRUDP GH ILJXUD R TXH PRGLILFRX R KRUiULR LQGLFDGR QR
PRVWUDGRUGRUHOyJLRSDUD
 NP K  H DGRWDQGR D DSUR[LPDomR  #  

RVSHUVRQDJHQVFRUUHUDPDWpRSRoRHPOLQKDUHWD D  KPLQ
FRP XPD YHORFLGDGH PpGLD HP NP K  GH E  KPLQ
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH F  KPLQ
 G  KPLQ
D   H  KPLQ
E   
F    8QHVS   3DUD GLYXOJDU D YHQGD GH XP
G   JDOSmR UHWDQJXODU GH  P   XPD LPRELOLiULD
H  
HODERURX XP DQ~QFLR HP TXH FRQVWDYD D SODQWD

VLPSOLILFDGD GR JDOSmR HP HVFDOD FRQIRUPH
 8QHVS   6DEHVH TXH  p XPD UDL] GH
PRVWUDDILJXUD
PXOWLSOLFLGDGH  GD HTXDomR 
   
[   ˜ [   ˜ [   ˜ [   ˜ [     $V RXWUDV
UDt]HV GHVVD HTXDomR QR &RQMXQWR 1XPpULFR GRV
&RPSOH[RVVmR

D    L H   L  

E   L  
F L H L  
G  H    

H   L H   L   2PDLRUODGRGRJDOSmRPHGHHPPHWURV


D  
 8QHVS   $ ILJXUD LQGLFD XP PHFDQLVPR
E  
FRP TXDWUR HQJUHQDJHQV $  %  &  H '   VHQGR
F  
TXH R HL[R GD HQJUHQDJHP ' p GLUHWDPHQWH
G  
UHVSRQViYHO SRU JLUDU R SRQWHLUR GRV PLQXWRV GR
PRVWUDGRU GH XP UHOyJLR FRQYHQFLRQDO GH GRLV H  
SRQWHLURV KRUDVHPLQXWRV ,VVRTXHUGL]HUTXHXP

64 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS 2VJUiILFRVGHGXDVIXQo}HVI [   8QHVS   &RQVLGHUH RV GDGRV
HJ [ GHILQLGDVGH \ HP \ HVWmRUHSUHVHQWDGRV DSUR[LPDGRVREWLGRVHPGR&HQVRUHDOL]DGR
QRPHVPRSODQRFDUWHVLDQR SHOR,%*(
 
,GDGH DQRV  1žGHSHVVRDV
'HD 
'HD 
'HD 
RXPDLV 
7RWDO 




1R LQWHUYDOR >±  @ R FRQMXQWR VROXomR GD
LQHTXDomR I [ ˜ J [   p
 
D  ^[  \    [  `   
$ SDUWLU GDV LQIRUPDo}HV p FRUUHWR DILUPDU TXH R
E ^[  \    [   RX   [ d `  Q~PHUR DSUR[LPDGR GH PXOKHUHV FRP  DQRV RX
F ^[  \   d [   RX   [  `  PDLVHPPLOK}HVHUD

G ^[  \    [  `  D  
H ^[  \   d [   RX   [  `  E  
 F  
 8QHVS   6DEHVH TXH QD HTXDomR G  
H  
[  [   [    XPDGDVUDt]HVpLJXDOjVRPD 
GDV RXWUDV GXDV 2 FRQMXQWR VROXomR 6  GHVWD  8QHVS   2V KDELWDQWHV GH XP SODQHWD
HTXDomRp FKDPDGR Jumpspace ORFRPRYHPVH VDOWDQGR
 3DUD LVWR UHDOL]DP DSHQDV XP Q~PHUR LQWHLUR GH
D  6 ^±±±` VDOWRV GH GRLV WLSRV R slow jump 6-  H R quick
E  6 ^±±` jump 4-  $R H[HFXWDUHP XP 6- VDOWDP VHPSUH
F  6 ^` XG XQLGDGHGHGLVWkQFLD SDUD/HVWHHXG
G  6 ^±` SDUD 1RUWH -i QR 4- VDOWDP VHPSUH  XG SDUD
H  6 ^±` 2HVWHHXGSDUD6XO
 8P KDELWDQWH GHVVH SODQHWD GHVHMD FKHJDU
 8QHVS 2SROLQ{PLR3 [  D˜[˜[E H[DWDPHQWHDXPSRQWRVLWXDGRXGD/HVWHH
p GLYLVtYHO SRU [ ±  H TXDQGR GLYLVtYHO SRU [    XG DR 1RUWH GH RQGH VH HQFRQWUD 1HVVH
GHL[DUHVWR±1HVVDVFRQGLo}HVRVYDORUHVGHD FDVRpFRUUHWRDILUPDUTXHRKDELWDQWH
HEUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHVmR 

D  FRQVHJXLUi DOFDQoDU VHX REMHWLYR UHDOL]DQGR
D  H VDOWRV6-H4-
E  H E  FRQVHJXLUiDOFDQoDUVHXREMHWLYRUHDOL]DQGR
F  ±H VDOWRV6-H4-
G  H F  FRQVHJXLUi DOFDQoDU VHX REMHWLYR UHDOL]DQGR
H  H± VDOWRV6-

 8QHVS   6HPDQDOPHQWH R DSUHVHQWDGRU G  QmRFRQVHJXLUiDOFDQoDUVHXREMHWLYRSRLVQmR
GH XP SURJUDPD WHOHYLVLYR UHSDUWH XPD PHVPD Ki Q~PHUR LQWHLUR GH VDOWRV TXH OKH SHUPLWD
TXDQWLDHPGLQKHLURLJXDOPHQWHHQWUHRVYHQFHGRUHV LVVR
GHXPFRQFXUVR1DVHPDQDSDVVDGDFDGDXPGRV H  FRQVHJXLUiDOFDQoDUVHXREMHWLYRUHDOL]DQGR
 YHQFHGRUHV UHFHEHX 5  1HVWD VHPDQD VDOWRV4-
KRXYH  YHQFHGRUHV SRUWDQWR D TXDQWLD UHFHELGD 
SRUFDGDXPGHOHVHPUHDLVIRLGH  8QHVS   $ UHYLVWD Pesquisa Fapesp QD
 HGLomR GH QRYHPEUR GH  SXEOLFRX R DUWLJR
D  LQWLWXODGR Conhecimento Livre TXH WUDWD GRV
E  UHSRVLWyULRV GH DUWLJRV FLHQWtILFRV GLVSRQLELOL]DGRV
F  JUDWXLWDPHQWHDRVLQWHUHVVDGRVSRUPHLRHOHWU{QLFR
G  1HVVH DUWLJR Ki XP JUiILFR TXH PRVWUD R
H  FUHVFLPHQWR GR Q~PHUR GRV UHSRVLWyULRV

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 65


LQVWLWXFLRQDLV QR PXQGR HQWUH RV DQRV GH  H $GPLWLQGR TXH DV FRQGLo}HV FOLPiWLFDV TXH
 SURYRFDP HVWD HOHYDomR QmR VH DOWHUHP QRV
 SUy[LPRV  DQRV R QtYHO JOREDO GRV PDUHV H
RFHDQRVGHYHUiVXELUQHVVHSHUtRGRHPFPHQWUH

D  H
E  H
F  H
G  H
H  H

 8QHVS   (P XP SURJUDPD GH SODWHLD GD
79 EUDVLOHLUD FLQFR SDUWLFLSDQWHV IRUDP HVFROKLGRV
SHORDSUHVHQWDGRUSDUDWHQWDUHPDFHUWDURQ~PHUR
GH ERODV GH JXGH FRQWLGDV HP XPD XUQD GH YLGUR
WUDQVSDUHQWH $TXHOH TXH DFHUWDVVH RX PDLV VH
 DSUR[LPDVVH GR Q~PHUR UHDO GH ERODV GH JXGH
 FRQWLGDVQDXUQDJDQKDULDXPSUrPLR
2EVHUYDQGR R JUiILFR SRGHVH DILUPDU TXH QR 2V SDUWLFLSDQWHV $ % & ' H ( GLVVHUDP KDYHU
SHUtRGR DQDOLVDGR R FUHVFLPHQWR GR Q~PHUR GH UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH     H
UHSRVLWyULRV LQVWLWXFLRQDLV QR PXQGR IRL ERODVQDXUQD
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH 
 6DEHVH TXH QHQKXP GRV SDUWLFLSDQWHV DFHUWRX R
D  H[SRQHQFLDO Q~PHUR UHDO GH ERODV PDV TXH XP GHOHV VH
E  OLQHDU HQJDQRX HP   ERODV RXWUR HP  RXWUR HP 
F  ORJDUtWPLFR RXWUR HP   H ILQDOPHQWH RXWUR HP   ERODV
G  VHQRLGDO 3RGHPRVFRQFOXLUTXHTXHPJDQKRXRSUrPLRIRLR
H  QXOR SDUWLFLSDQWH
 
 8QHVS   $ VRPD GH TXDWUR Q~PHURV p D  $
  7UrV GHOHV VmR SULPRV H XP GRV TXDWUR p D E  %
VRPD GRV RXWURV WUrV 2 Q~PHUR GH VROXo}HV F  &
H[LVWHQWHVSDUDHVWHSUREOHPDp G  '
D  H  (
E  
F   8QHVS   1R FRQMXQWR \ GRV Q~PHURV
G  UHDLV R FRQMXQWR VROXomR 6 GD LQHTXDomR PRGXODU
H  _ [ _ ˜ _ [   _ t  p


 8QHVS   $ HTXDomR SROLQRPLDO
D  6 ^[  \   d [ d ` 
[ ± [  [ ±    DGPLWH  FRPR UDL] 6XDV
GXDVRXWUDVUDt]HVVmR E  6 ^[  \  [ d  RX  d [ d ` 
 F  6 ^[  \  [ d  RX  d [ d  RX [ t ` 
D    ˜ L H    ˜ L   G  6 ^[  \  [ d  RX [ t ` 
E   L H   L   H  6 \ 

F   L H   L    8QHVS 'DGRTXHDVUDt]HVGDHTXDomR
G   L H   L   [  [   [  N  RQGH N pXPDFRQVWDQWHUHDO
IRUPDPXPDSURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFDRYDORUGH N p
H    ˜ L H    ˜ L  

 D  ±
 8QHVS   $V PHGLo}HV GD HOHYDomR GR E  ±
QtYHOGRVPDUHVHRFHDQRVIHLWDVSRUPDUHyJUDIRV F  
DR ORQJR GD FRVWD QR SHUtRGR GH  D  G  
PRVWUDP TXH R QtYHO JOREDO GHVWHV VXELX D XPD H  
WD[DPpGLDGHFPSRUGpFDGD-iDVPHGLo}HV 
UHDOL]DGDV SRU DOWtPHWURVUDGDUHV D ERUGR GH 
VDWpOLWHVGHVHQVRULDPHQWRUHPRWRSDUDRSHUtRGR 
GH  D  LQGLFDP TXH R QtYHO VXELX D XPD 
WD[DPpGLDGHFPSRUGpFDGD 


66 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS   O mercado automotivo na TXHDSDUWLFLSDomRGDiJXDQDPDVVDGHWRPDWHVH
América Latina crescerá, no máximo, 2% em 2012. UHGX]DD  $SyVRSURFHVVRGHGHVLGUDWDomRD
A estimativa é que, após esse período, ele voltará PDVVDGHWRPDWHHPJUDPDVVHUiGH
a expandir-se mais rapidamente, o que permitirá 
um crescimento médio de 5% nos próximos cinco D  
anos. E  
A afirmação foi feita pelo presidente da GM na F  
América do Sul. Suas estimativas para as vendas, G  
especificamente da GM na América Latina, são de H  
1,1 milhão de unidades em 2012 e de chegar a 1,4 
milhão de veículos por ano até 2015  8QHVS   $PELHQWDOLVWDV DSyV HVWXGRV
 VREUH R LPSDFWR TXH SRVVD YLU D VHU FDXVDGR j
KWWSHFRQRPLDHVWDGDRFRPEU$GDSWDGR  SRSXODomR GH FHUWD HVSpFLH GH SiVVDURV SHOD
 FRQVWUXomR GH XP JUDQGH FRQMXQWR GH HGLItFLRV
$HVWLPDWLYDGHTXHDVYHQGDVGD*0QD$PpULFD UHVLGHQFLDLVSUy[LPRDRVRSpGD6HUUDGR-DSLHP
/DWLQDFKHJDUmRDPLOKmRGHXQLGDGHVQRDQR -XQGLDt 63 FRQFOXtUDP TXH D TXDQWLGDGH GH WDLV
GHSRGHVHUFRQVLGHUDGD SiVVDURV QDTXHOD UHJLmR HP IXQomR GR WHPSR
 SRGHVHUH[SUHVVDDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHSHODIXQomR
D  RWLPLVWD SRLV SDUD LVWR D WD[D PpGLD GH 
FUHVFLPHQWR DQXDO GDV YHQGDV SDUD R SHUtRGR 3
GHYHULDVHUPDLRUTXH 3W 
E  WtPLGD SRLV SDUD LVWR D WD[D PpGLD GH    ˜  W
FUHVFLPHQWR DQXDO GDV YHQGDV SDUD R SHUtRGR 
GHYHULDVHUPHQRUTXH RQGH W UHSUHVHQWD R WHPSR HP DQRV H 3 D
F  FRUUHWD SRLV SDUD LVWR D WD[D PpGLD GH SRSXODomR GH SiVVDURV QD GDWD GH LQtFLR GD
FUHVFLPHQWR DQXDO GDV YHQGDV SDUD R SHUtRGR FRQVWUXomR GR FRQMXQWR %DVHDGR QHVVDV
GHYHULDVHULJXDOD LQIRUPDo}HVSRGHVHDILUPDUTXH
G  UHDOLVWD SRLV SDUD LVWR D WD[D PpGLD GH 
FUHVFLPHQWR DQXDO GDV YHQGDV SDUD R SHUtRGR D  DSyV  DQR GR LQtFLR GD FRQVWUXomR GR
GHYHULDVHUPHQRURXLJXDOD FRQMXQWR3 W HVWDUiUHGX]LGDDGH3
H  QmRPDWHPDWLFDPHQWHYHULILFiYHOSRLVQmRVmR E  DSyV  DQR GR LQtFLR GD FRQVWUXomR GR
IRUQHFLGRVGDGRVVXILFLHQWHVSDUDLVWR FRQMXQWR3 W VHUiUHGX]LGDGHGH3
 F  DSyV  DQRV GR LQtFLR GD FRQVWUXomR GR
 8QHVS   8P TXLORJUDPD GH WRPDWHV p FRQMXQWR3 W HVWDUiUHGX]LGDDGH3
FRQVWLWXtGR SRU   GH iJXD (VVD PDVVD GH G  DSyV  DQRV GR LQtFLR GD FRQVWUXomR GR
WRPDWH SROSD  +2 pVXEPHWLGDDXPSURFHVVRGH FRQMXQWR3 W VHUiUHGX]LGDGHGH3
GHVLGUDWDomRQRTXDODSHQDVDiJXDpUHWLUDGDDWp H  3 W QmRVHUiLQIHULRUDGH3



 8QHVS $WDEHODDSUHVHQWDQDFROXQDGDHVTXHUGDDGHVFULomRGHDOJXQVWLSRVGHIXQo}HVHQD
FROXQD GD GLUHLWD UHSUHVHQWDo}HV GH DOJXQV JUiILFRV GH IXQo}HV FXMDV YDULiYHLV LQGHSHQGHQWHV GHILQLGDV
QRGRPtQLRGRVQ~PHURVUHDLVHVWmRUHSUHVHQWDGDVQRVHL[RVGDVDEVFLVVDV

$OJXPDVIXQo}HV $OJXQVJUiILFRVGHIXQo}HV
, (P XPD SURYD GH FRUULGD GRV  P UDVRV D D
YHORFLGDGH PpGLD 9P GH XP DWOHWD p XPD
IXQomR GH VHX WHPSR GH SHUFXUVR W

9P W 
W  
E
,, 2 SHUtPHWUR 3 GH XP WULkQJXOR HTXLOiWHUR p
XPDIXQomRGHVHXODGR/ 3 /  ˜ / 

 
,,, $ TXDQWLGDGH 4 GH XPD GDGD VXEVWkQFLD F
TXtPLFD QXP RUJDQLVPR YLYR RQGH 4 p D
TXDQWLGDGHLQLFLDOGDVXEVWkQFLDQRRUJDQLVPR
p XPD IXQomR GR WHPSR GH PHLD YLGD W GHVVD
VXEVWkQFLDQDTXHOHRUJDQLVPR 4 W 4 ˜  W 
 

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 67


,9 $ iUHD $ GH XP FtUFXOR p XPD IXQomR GH VHX G
UDLRU $ U Ɏ ˜ U  



  
9 $DOWXUD+TXHXPDSHGUDDPDUUDGDDXPFDER
GH FRPSULPHQWR IL[R / SRVVXL DR VHU JLUDGD
FRPYHORFLGDGHFRQVWDQWHQXPSODQR Ⱦ YHUWLFDO H
H SHUSHQGLFXODU DRVROR HP UHODomRDR FHQWUR
GH JLUR p XPD IXQomR GR kQJXOR Ƚ  HP
UDGLDQRV IRUPDGR SHOR FDER H XPD UHWD
KRUL]RQWDO FRQWLGD QR SODQR Ⱦ   
+ Ƚ / ˜ VHQȽ 

2FRQMXQWRGHSDUHVRUGHQDGRVTXHUHODFLRQDFDGDIXQomRjVXDUHVSHFWLYDUHSUHVHQWDomRJUiILFDp

D  ^ ,D  ,,G  ,,,H  ,9E  9F `
E  ^ ,F  ,,G  ,,,D  ,9E  9H `
F  ^ ,G  ,,H  ,,,D  ,9E  9F `
G  ^ ,H  ,,G  ,,,D  ,9E  9F `
H  ^ ,H  ,,G  ,,,E  ,9D  9F `


 8QHVS 2VSURIHVVRUHVGHPDWHPiWLFDH %DVHDGRQRJUiILFRSRGHVHFRQFOXLUTXHRV  
HGXFDomR ItVLFD GH XPD HVFROD RUJDQL]DUDP XP PDLV SREUHV GD SRSXODomR EUDVLOHLUD GHWrP  
FDPSHRQDWRGHGDPDVHQWUHRVDOXQRV     GD UHQGD QDFLRQDO 6XSRQGR D
3HODV UHJUDV GR FDPSHRQDWR FDGD FRORFDomR SRSXODomR EUDVLOHLUD LJXDO D  PLOK}HV GH
DGPLWLDDSHQDVXPRFXSDQWH3DUDSUHPLDURVWUrV KDELWDQWHVHR3,%EUDVLOHLURLJXDODWULOK}HVGH
SULPHLURV FRORFDGRV D GLUHomR GD HVFROD FRPSURX
UHDLV )RQWH ,%*(  D UHQGD SHU FDSLWD GRV  
 FKRFRODWHV TXH IRUDP GLYLGLGRV HQWUH RV ž
PDLVULFRVGDSRSXODomREUDVLOHLUDHPUHDLVpGH
ž H ž FRORFDGRV QR FDPSHRQDWR HP

TXDQWLGDGHV LQYHUVDPHQWH SURSRUFLRQDLV DRV
Q~PHURVHUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH$VTXDQWLGDGHV D   
GH FKRFRODWHV UHFHELGDV SHORV DOXQRV SUHPLDGRV E   
HPRUGHPFUHVFHQWHGHFRORFDomRQRFDPSHRQDWR F   
IRUDP G   

H   
D  H
E  H 
F  H  8QHVS $WUDYpVGRVJUiILFRVGDVIXQo}HV
G  H I [  H J [  RV YDORUHV GH I J   H J I   VmR
H  H UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
 
 8QHVS   2 JUiILFR UHSUHVHQWD D
GLVWULEXLomR SHUFHQWXDO GR 3URGXWR ,QWHUQR %UXWR
3,%  GR %UDVLO SRU IDL[DV GH UHQGD GD SRSXODomR
WDPEpPHPSHUFHQWDJHP




D ±H
E ±H
F H
 G H±
H H
68 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA
 8QHVS   $V VROXo}HV GD HTXDomR ]  L  8QHVS 1R%UDVLOGHVGHMXQKRGH
RQGH]pXPQ~PHURFRPSOH[RHL ±VmR VH IRU FRQVWDWDGD XPD FRQFHQWUDomR GH iOFRRO QR
 VDQJXH DFLPD GH  JO R PRWRULVWD p GHWLGR H
SURFHVVDGRFULPLQDOPHQWH
  
D  ] r  L RX] L ZZZSODQDOWRJRYEUFFLYLOB$WR
  'HFUHWR'KWP$GDSWDGR 
  
E  ] r  L RX] L 'HWHUPLQH R Q~PHUR Pi[LPR GH ODWDV GH FHUYHMD
 
TXHXPPRWRULVWDSRGHLQJHULUDQWHVGHGLULJLUSDUD
  QmR VHU SURFHVVDGR FULPLQDOPHQWH FDVR VHMD
F  ] r  L RX] L
  VXEPHWLGRDRWHVWH

 
G  ] r  L RX] L 'DGRV
  ƒ R YROXPH PpGLR GH VDQJXH QR FRUSR GH XP
  KRPHPDGXOWRpOLWURV
H  ] r  L RX] L
  ƒ XPD ODWD GH FHUYHMD GH  PO FRQWpP  PO
 GHiOFRRO
 8QHVS   9RFr HVWi ID]HQGR XP µWRXU¶ ƒ  GR YROXPH GH iOFRRO LQJHULGR SRU XP
WXUtVWLFR SHOR FHQWUR GD FLGDGH GH 6mR 3DXOR KRPHPDGXOWRYmRSDUDDFRUUHQWHVDQJXtQHD
YLVLWDQGR SRQWRV KLVWyULFRV H PXVHXV 2 SRQWR GH ƒ D GHQVLGDGH GR iOFRRO FRQWLGR HP FHUYHMDV p
VDtGD p D 3UDoD GD /X] QD (VWDomR GD /X] 6HX GHJPO

URWHLURVHJXHSHOD3LQDFRWHFDGR(VWDGR0XVHXGH
2EVHUYDomR2VUHVXOWDGRVGHWRGDVDVRSHUDo}HV
$UWH6DFUDHWHUPLQDQR3iWLRGR&ROpJLR
GHYHPVHUDSUR[LPDGRVSRUGXDVFDVDVGHFLPDLV
 
D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 8QHVS   &iVVLD DSOLFRX R FDSLWDO GH 5
 D MXURV FRPSRVWRV SHOR SHUtRGR GH 
PHVHV H j WD[D GH  DP DR PrV 
&RQVLGHUDQGRDDSUR[LPDomR   &iVVLD
FRPSXWRX R YDORU DSUR[LPDGR GR PRQWDQWH D VHU
UHFHELGRDRILQDOGDDSOLFDomR(VVHYDORUp

D 5
E 5
F 5
G 5
H 5

 8QHVS   8P JUXSR GH [ HVWXGDQWHV VH
MXQWRX SDUD FRPSUDU XP FRPSXWDGRU SRUWiWLO
QRWHERRN  TXH FXVWD 5  $OJXQV GLDV
GHSRLV PDLV WUrV SHVVRDV VH MXQWDUDP DR JUXSR
IRUPDQGR XP QRYR JUXSR FRP [   SHVVRDV $R
ID]HU D GLYLVmR GR YDORU GR FRPSXWDGRU SHOR
 Q~PHUR GH SHVVRDV TXH HVWmR FRPSRQGR R QRYR

3DUD SHUFRUUHU WRGR R WUDMHWR D GLVWkQFLD HP JUXSR YHULILFRXVH TXH FDGD SHVVRD SDJDULD 5
PHWURVTXHWHUiGHID]HUpDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  D PHQRV GR TXH R LQLFLDOPHQWH SURJUDPDGR
 SDUDFDGDXPQRSULPHLURJUXSR
D    2 Q~PHUR [ GH SHVVRDV TXH IRUPDYDP R SULPHLUR
E    JUXSRp
F    
G    D  
H    E  
 F  
 G  
 H  


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 69


 8QHVS   2 FRQVXPR PpGLR GH R[LJrQLR  8QHVS $XQLGDGHXVXDOGHPHGLGDSDUD
HP PO PLQ  SRU TXLORJUDPD GH PDVVD POPLQ˜NJ  D HQHUJLD FRQWLGD QRV DOLPHQWRV p NFDO
GHXPDWOHWDQDSUiWLFDGHDOJXPDVPRGDOLGDGHVGH TXLORFDORULD  8PD IyUPXOD DSUR[LPDGD SDUD R
HVSRUWHpGDGRQDWDEHODVHJXLQWH FRQVXPRGLiULRGHHQHUJLD HPNFDO SDUDPHQLQRV
 HQWUHHDQRVpGDGDSHODIXQomRI K  K
&RQVXPRPpGLRGH2HP RQGH K LQGLFD D DOWXUD HP FP H SDUD PHQLQDV
(VSRUWH QHVVD PHVPD IDL[D GH LGDGH SHOD IXQomR J K  
POPLQ˜NJ
 K 3DXOR XVDQGR D IyUPXOD SDUD PHQLQRV
1DWDomR 
FDOFXORX VHX FRQVXPR GLiULR GH HQHUJLD H REWHYH
7rQLV 
NFDO6DEHQGRVHTXH3DXORpFPPDLVDOWR
0DUFKD$WOpWLFD 
TXH VXD QDPRUDGD &DUOD H TXH DPERV WrP LGDGH

HQWUH  H  DQRV  R FRQVXPR GLiULR GH HQHUJLD
'RLV DWOHWDV 3DXOR H -RmR GH PHVPD PDVVD
SDUD&DUODGHDFRUGRFRPDIyUPXODHPNFDOp
SUDWLFDP WRGRV RV GLDV H[DWDPHQWH GXDV

PRGDOLGDGHV GH HVSRUWH FDGD XP 3DXOR SUDWLFD
D  
GLDULDPHQWH   PLQXWRV GH QDWDomR H GHSRLV W 
E  
PLQXWRVGHWrQLV-RmRSUDWLFD  PLQXWRVGHWrQLV F  
H GHSRLV W  PLQXWRV GH PDUFKD DWOpWLFD 2 YDORU G  
Pi[LPR GH W  SDUD TXH -RmR QmR FRQVXPD HP H  
PO NJ PDLVR[LJrQLRTXH3DXORDRILQDOGDSUiWLFD 
GLiULDGHVVHVHVSRUWHVp  8QHVS 1RDQRSDVVDGRDH[WHQVmRGD
 FDPDGD GH JHOR QR ÈUWLFR IRL  PHQRU HP
D   UHODomR j GH  XPD UHGXomR GH
E   DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  PLOKmR GH TXLO{PHWURV
F   TXDGUDGRV 9HMD 
G   &RP EDVH QHVVHV GDGRV SRGHVH DILUPDU TXH D
H   H[WHQVmR GD FDPDGD GH JHOR QR ÈUWLFR HP 
 HPPLOK}HVGHTXLO{PHWURVTXDGUDGRVHUD
 8QHVS   &RQVLGHUH R Q~PHUR FRPSOH[R 
] FRV S LVHQ S 2YDORUGH]]]p D  
E  
 F  
D  L G  
  H  
E  L
  
F  L  8QHVS   $ ILJXUD UHSUHVHQWD QR SODQR
G  L FRPSOH[R XP VHPLFtUFXOR GH FHQWUR QD RULJHP H
H  L UDLR

 8QHVS $H[SUHVVmRTXHGHILQHDIXQomR
TXDGUiWLFDI [ FXMRJUiILFRHVWiHVERoDGRp




,QGLTXHSRU5H ] ,P ] H _ ] _ DSDUWHUHDODSDUWH
LPDJLQiULD H R PyGXOR GH XP Q~PHUR FRPSOH[R
] [\LUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHRQGHLLQGLFDDXQLGDGH
 LPDJLQiULD $ ~QLFD DOWHUQDWLYD TXH FRQWpP DV
 FRQGLo}HV TXH GHVFUHYHP WRWDOPHQWH R
D I [  [[ VXEFRQMXQWR GR SODQR TXH UHSUHVHQWD D UHJLmR
E I [  [[ VRPEUHDGDLQFOXLQGRVXDIURQWHLUDp
[[

F I [ 
G I [  [[ D  5H ] •,P ] •H _ ] _d  
H I [  [[ E  5H ] •,P ] ”H _ ] _d  

70 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


F  5H ] •H _ ] _ •
GABARITO
G  ,P ] •H _ ] _ •

H  5H ] •H _ ] _ ”
 ' ( ' & '
 8QHVS   &RQVLGHUH R SROLQ{PLR % $ ( & '
S [   [  E[  F[  G RQGH E F H G VmR ' $ & % (
FRQVWDQWHV UHDLV $ GHULYDGD GH S [  p SRU ( & & ' '
GHILQLomR R SROLQ{PLR S [   [  E[  F 6H $ $ % ' &
S   S   HRUHVWRGDGLYLVmRGHS [ SRU
' ( & % (
[pHQWmRRSROLQ{PLRS [ p
 & $ ' $ '
D  [[[ % $ $ & '
E  [[[
$ & ( ' &
F  [[[
G  [[[ ' % & % %
H  [[[ % % $ ' '
 % ' ( % '
 8QHVS   2 OXFUR OtTXLGR PHQVDO GH XP & &   
SURGXWRU UXUDO FRP D YHQGD GH OHLWH p GH

52FXVWRGHSURGXomRGHFDGDOLWURGH
OHLWH YHQGLGR SRU 5  p GH 5  3DUD
DXPHQWDU HP H[DWDPHQWH  R VHX OXFUR OtTXLGR
PHQVDO FRQVLGHUDQGR TXH RV YDORUHV GR FXVWR GH
SURGXomRHGROXFURSRUOLWURGHOHLWHSHUPDQHoDP
RV PHVPRV TXDQWRV OLWURV D PDLV GH OHLWH R
SURGXWRUSUHFLVDYHQGHUPHQVDOPHQWH"

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 8QHVS   8PD SHVVRD SDUWH GH FDUUR GH
XPD FLGDGH ; FRP GHVWLQR D XPD FLGDGH < (P
FDGD LQVWDQWH W HP KRUDV  D GLVWkQFLD TXH IDOWD
SHUFRUUHU DWp R GHVWLQR p GDGD HP GH]HQDV GH
TXLO{PHWURVSHODIXQomR'GHILQLGDSRU


§W   ·
' W   ¨   ¸ 
¨ W  ¸
© ¹


&RQVLGHUDQGRRSHUFXUVRGDFLGDGH;DWpDFLGDGH
< D GLVWkQFLD HP PpGLD SRU KRUD TXH R FDUUR
SHUFRUUHXIRL

D  NP
E  NP
F  NP
G  NP
H  NP

 8QHVS 0iULRWRPRXXPHPSUpVWLPRGH
5  D MXURV GH  DR PrV 'RLV PHVHV
GHSRLV0iULRSDJRX5GRHPSUpVWLPRH
XPPrVDSyVHVVHSDJDPHQWROLTXLGRXWRGRRVHX
GpELWR2YDORUGR~OWLPRSDJDPHQWRIRLGH

D  5
E  5
F  5
G  5
H  5

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 71


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
EQUAÇÕES, INEQUAÇÕES, FUNÇÕES, POLINÔMIOS E NÚMEROS COMPLEXOS


 8QLFDPS   6HMD D IXQomR SROLQRPLDO GR D   
  E   
WHUFHLUR JUDX I [ [  [  [    GHILQLGD SDUD
WRGRQ~PHURUHDO [ $ILJXUDDEDL[RH[LEHRJUiILFR F   
GH \ I [  QRSODQRFDUWHVLDQRHPTXHRVSRQWRV G   

$ %  H &  WrP D PHVPD RUGHQDGD $ GLVWkQFLD
 8QLFDPS   6HMDP D  H E  Q~PHURV UHDLV
HQWUHRVSRQWRV $ H & pLJXDOD SRVLWLYRV &RQVLGHUH D IXQomR TXDGUiWLFD
 I [ [ D[  E  GHILQLGDSDUDWRGRQ~PHURUHDO [ 
1R SODQR FDUWHVLDQR TXDO ILJXUD FRUUHVSRQGH DR
JUiILFRGH \ I [ " 

D 



D    
E     E 
F   
G    

 8QLFDPS   6DEHQGR TXH D p XP Q~PHUR
UHDOFRQVLGHUHDIXQomR I [ D[   GHILQLGDSDUD
WRGRQ~PHURUHDO [ 6H I I  HQWmR
 
F 
D  D  
E  D     
F  D   
G  D  

 8QLFDPS (PXPDIDPtOLDFDGDILOKDWHP
R PHVPR Q~PHUR GH LUPmV H LUPmRV H FDGD ILOKR
WHPXPQ~PHURGHLUPmVLJXDODRGREURGRQ~PHUR 
GH LUPmRV 2 Q~PHUR WRWDO GH ILOKRV H ILOKDV GHVVD G  
IDPtOLDpLJXDOD

D   
E   
F   
G   

 8QLFDPS   6DEHQGR TXH D  p XP Q~PHUR 
UHDO FRQVLGHUH D HTXDomR TXDGUiWLFD 
 
[  D[     6H DV VROXo}HV GHVVD HTXDomR 
VmR Q~PHURV LQWHLURV R PyGXOR GD VRPD GDV 
VROXo}HVpLJXDOD 

72 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QLFDPS   6DEHQGR TXH D H E VmR  8QLFDPS   6HMD D IXQomR K [  GHILQLGD
Q~PHURV UHDLV FRQVLGHUH R SROLQ{PLR F~ELFR SDUDWRGRQ~PHURUHDO [ SRU
S [ [  D[   [  E  6H D VRPD H R SURGXWR GH 
GXDVGHVXDVUDt]HVVmRLJXDLVDHQWmRS  p ­°[  VH [ d 
LJXDOD K[ ® 
 °̄ [   VH [ ! 
D   
E   (QWmR K K K  pLJXDOD
F   
G   D   
 E   
 8QLFDPS $ILJXUDDVHJXLUH[LEHRJUiILFR
F   
GHXPDIXQomR \ I [ SDUD  d [ d   G   
 
 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH WUrV Q~PHURV LQWHLURV
FXMD VRPD p XP Q~PHUR tPSDU (QWUH HVVHV WUrV
Q~PHURVDTXDQWLGDGHGHQ~PHURVtPSDUHVpLJXDOD

D   RX
E   RX  
F   RX  
G   RX  

 8QLFDPS   6HMDP D  H E  Q~PHURV UHDLV
 QmRQXORV6HRQ~PHURFRPSOH[R ] D  EL pXPD

UDL]GDHTXDomRTXDGUiWLFD [  E[  D  HQWmR
2JUiILFRGH \ >I [ @ pGDGRSRU

D 

D  _]_  


E  _]_  

F  _]_  
 G  _ ] _  
E  
 8QLFDPS 6HMDP S [ H T [ SROLQ{PLRV
FRPFRHILFLHQWHVUHDLV'LYLGLQGRVH S [ SRU T [  
REWrPVHTXRFLHQWHHUHVWRLJXDLVD [    1HVVDV
FRQGLo}HVpFRUUHWRDILUPDUTXH

 D  RJUDXGH S [ pPHQRUTXH  
F  E  RJUDXGH T [ pPHQRUTXH  
F  S [ WHPUDt]HVFRPSOH[DV
G  T [ WHPUDt]HVUHDLV

 8QLFDPS 6DEHVHTXHHPXPJUXSRGH
  SHVVRDV R OLYUR $  IRL OLGRSRU   SHVVRDV HR
 OLYUR %  IRL OLGR SRU   SHVVRDV 3RGHPRV DILUPDU
G   FRUUHWDPHQWHTXHQHVVHJUXSR

D  SHORPHQRVXPDSHVVRDOHXRVGRLVOLYURV
E  QHQKXPDSHVVRDOHXRVGRLVOLYURV
F  SHOR PHQRVXPD SHVVRDQmR OHX QHQKXP GRV
GRLVOLYURV
G  WRGDV DV SHVVRDV OHUDP SHOR PHQRV XP GRV
GRLVOLYURV



ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 73


 8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHRTXDGUDGRGHODGR  8QLFDPS 6HMD I [ XPDIXQomRWDOTXH
D !  H[LELGRQDILJXUDDEDL[R6HMD$ [ DIXQomR SDUD WRGR Q~PHUR UHDO [ WHPRV TXH
TXH DVVRFLD D FDGD  d [ d D  D iUHD GD UHJLmR [ I [  [   I [   (QWmR I  pLJXDOD
LQGLFDGDSHODFRUFLQ]D 
 D  
E  
F  
G  

 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH DV IXQo}HV
I [  [  H J [ [   GHILQLGDV SDUD WRGR Q~PHUR
UHDO [  2 Q~PHUR GH VROXo}HV GD HTXDomR
I J[ J I [ pLJXDOD
 

D   
2JUiILFRGDIXQomR\ $ [ QRSODQRFDUWHVLDQRp E   
GDGRSRU
F   

D  G   

 8QLFDPS   6HMD L  D XQLGDGH LPDJLQiULD
LVWR p L   2 OXJDU JHRPpWULFR GRV SRQWRV GR
SODQRFDUWHVLDQRFRPFRRUGHQDGDVUHDLV [ \ WDLV
TXH [  \L \  [L L pXPD

D  HOLSVH
 E  KLSpUEROH
E  F  SDUiEROD
G  UHWD

 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH R SROLQ{PLR
S[ [Q  [P   HPTXH Q ! P t  6HRUHVWRGD
GLYLVmRGH S [ SRU [  pLJXDOD  HQWmR

D  Q pSDUH P pSDU
 E  Q ptPSDUH P ptPSDU
F  F  Q pSDUH P ptPSDU
G  Q ptPSDUH P pSDU

 8QLFDPS 6HMD D E F XPDSURJUHVVmR
JHRPpWULFDGHQ~PHURVUHDLVFRP D z  'HILQLQGR
V
V D  E  F RPHQRUYDORUSRVVtYHOSDUD pLJXDO
D
D
 
G  
D  


E  


F  


G  
 
 
 
 
 
 

74 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QLFDPS 2JUiILFRDEDL[RH[LEHROXFUR E 
OtTXLGR HP PLOKDUHV GH UHDLV  GH WUrV SHTXHQDV
HPSUHVDV$%H&QRVDQRVGHH



F 


 
&RPUHODomRDROXFUROtTXLGRSRGHPRVDILUPDUTXH G 

D  $WHYHXPFUHVFLPHQWRPDLRUGRTXH&
E  &WHYHXPFUHVFLPHQWRPDLRUGRTXH%
F  %WHYHXPFUHVFLPHQWRLJXDOD$
G  &WHYHXPFUHVFLPHQWRPHQRUGRTXH%
  
 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH D IXQomR DILP 
I [ D[  E GHILQLGDSDUDWRGRQ~PHURUHDO[RQGH  8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHRQ~PHURFRPSOH[R
D H E VmR Q~PHURV UHDLV 6DEHQGR TXH I      DL
]   RQGH D  p XP Q~PHUR UHDO H L  p D
SRGHPRVDILUPDUTXH I I   I  pLJXDOD DL
 XQLGDGH LPDJLQiULD LVWR p L   2 YDORU GH
D    
] pLJXDOD
E    
F    D D  
G    E  
 F   L 
 8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHRJUiILFRGDIXQomR
G L 
\ I [ H[LELGRQDILJXUDDVHJXLU 
  8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHRSROLQ{PLRF~ELFR
S[ [  [   D[    RQGH D  p XP Q~PHUR UHDO
6DEHQGR TXH U  H U  VmR UDt]HV UHDLV GH S [  
SRGHPRVDILUPDUTXH S  pLJXDOD

D   
E   
 F   

G   
2JUiILFRGDIXQomRLQYHUVD \ I  [ pGDGRSRU 
  8QLFDPS   6HMD D  XP Q~PHUR UHDO
D  &RQVLGHUH DV SDUiERODV GH HTXDo}HV FDUWHVLDQDV
\ [   [   H \ [   D[   (VVDVSDUiERODV
QmRVHLQWHUFHSWDPVHHVRPHQWHVH

D  D  
E D   
F D     
 G D   t  

ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 75


 8QLFDPS $ILJXUDDEDL[RH[LEHRJUiILFR  8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH R SROLQ{PLR
GHXPDIXQomR \ I [   S[ [  [   D[  D  RQGH D  p XP Q~PHUR UHDO

6H [   p D ~QLFD UDL] UHDO GH S [   HQWmR
SRGHPRVDILUPDUTXH

D  D   
E  D   
F  D !  
G  D !  

 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH DV IXQo}HV I H J
 FXMRV JUiILFRV HVWmR UHSUHVHQWDGRV QD ILJXUD
 DEDL[R
(QWmRRJUiILFRGH \ I [   pGDGRSRU 


D 


E  



2YDORUGH I J   J I  pLJXDOD


D  
 E  ±
F  F  
G  

 8QLFDPS 2JUiILFRDEDL[RH[LEHDFXUYD
GH SRWHQFLDO ELyWLFR T W  SDUD XPD SRSXODomR GH
PLFURRUJDQLVPRVDRORQJRGRWHPSRW



G 


 

 8QLFDPS   6HMDP [  H \  Q~PHURV UHDLV
6HQGR D H E FRQVWDQWHV UHDLV D IXQomR TXH SRGH
WDLV TXH [  \L   L  RQGH L  p D XQLGDGH UHSUHVHQWDUHVVHSRWHQFLDOp

LPDJLQiULD2YDORUGH [\ pLJXDOD
D TW DW  E 

D    E TW D EW  
E    F TW DW   EW 
F   
G TW D  ORJE W 
G   

76 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA







 8QLFDPS 2PyGXORGRQ~PHURFRPSOH[R ] L  L pLJXDOD



D  
E   
F  
G   

 8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD DEDL[R PRVWUD D SUHFLSLWDomR SOXYLRPpWULFD HP PLOtPHWURV SRU GLD PPGLD 
GXUDQWHR~OWLPRYHUmRHP&DPSLQDV6HDSUHFLSLWDomRXOWUDSDVVDUPPGLDKiXPGHWHUPLQDGRULVFRGH
DODJDPHQWRVQDUHJLmR'HDFRUGRFRPRJUiILFRTXDQWRVGLDV&DPSLQDVWHYHHVWHULVFRGHDODJDPHQWR"




D  GLDV
E  GLDV
F  GLDV
G  GLDV


 8QLFDPS   &KDPDPRV GH XQLGDGH  8QLFDPS   (P XPD GHWHUPLQDGD UHJLmR
LPDJLQiULD H GHQRWDPRV SRU L R Q~PHUR FRPSOH[R GR SODQHWD D WHPSHUDWXUD PpGLD DQXDO VXELX GH
WDOTXH L   ž&HPSDUDž&HP6HJXLQGR
 D WHQGrQFLD GH DXPHQWR OLQHDU REVHUYDGD HQWUH
HDWHPSHUDWXUDPpGLDHPGHYHUi
(QWmR L  L  L  L  "  L YDOH VHUGH
 
D   D  ž&
E   E  ž&
F  L F  ž&
G    L  G  ž&
 
 8QLFDPS   6HMDP U V H W DV UDt]HV GR  8QLFDPS   4XDUHQWD SHVVRDV HP
 H[FXUVmRSHUQRLWDPHPXPKRWHO
§E·
SROLQ{PLR S [ [  D[  E[  ¨ ¸  HPTXH DH 6RPDGRV RV KRPHQV GHVSHQGHP 5  2
©D¹ JUXSRGHPXOKHUHVJDVWDDPHVPDTXDQWLDHPERUD
EVmRFRQVWDQWHVUHDLVQmRQXODV6HV UWHQWmR FDGDXPDWHQKDSDJR5DPHQRVTXHFDGD
DVRPDGH U  W pLJXDOD KRPHP
 
E 'HQRWDQGR SRU [ R Q~PHUR GH KRPHQV GR JUXSR
D  D 
D XPD H[SUHVVmR TXH PRGHOD HVVH SUREOHPD H
E SHUPLWHHQFRQWUDUWDOYDORUp
E    D  
D D  [  [ í[ 
E E   í[   [ [
F  D   
D F  [  í[ í[ 
E G   í[   [ [
G  D  
D

ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 77



GABARITO

& $ & ' %
' & & ' %
& & ' % &
$ $ & % '
& % ' & %
' & ' % $
% ' ' % &


78 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO ENEM (2.º DIA)

MATEMÁTICA
EQUAÇÕES, INEQUAÇÕES, FUNÇÕES, POLINÔMIOS E NÚMEROS COMPLEXOS


 (QHP 33/   1R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GH XP  (QHP   8PD HPSUHVD WHP GLYHUVRV
QRYR UHPpGLR SHVTXLVDGRUHV PRQLWRUDP D IXQFLRQiULRV 8P GHOHV p R JHUHQWH TXH UHFHEH
TXDQWLGDGH 4  GH XPD VXEVWkQFLD FLUFXODQGR QD 5   SRU VHPDQD 2V RXWURV IXQFLRQiULRV
FRUUHQWH VDQJXtQHD GH XP SDFLHQWH DR ORQJR GR VmRGLDULVWDV&DGDXPWUDEDOKDGLDVSRUVHPDQD
WHPSR W (VVHV SHVTXLVDGRUHV FRQWURODP R UHFHEHQGR 5  SRUGLDWUDEDOKDGR
SURFHVVR REVHUYDQGR TXH 4 p XPD IXQomR

TXDGUiWLFD GH W 2V GDGRV FROHWDGRV QDV GXDV
&KDPDQGRGH;DTXDQWLGDGHWRWDOGHIXQFLRQiULRV
SULPHLUDVKRUDVIRUDP
GD HPSUHVD D TXDQWLD < HP UHDLV TXH HVWD

HPSUHVD JDVWD VHPDQDOPHQWH SDUD SDJDU VHXV
W KRUD    
IXQFLRQiULRVpH[SUHVVDSRU
4 PLOLJUDPD       
 D  < ;   
3DUD GHFLGLU VH GHYHP LQWHUURPSHU R SURFHVVR
E  < ;   
HYLWDQGR ULVFRV DR SDFLHQWH RV SHVTXLVDGRUHV
TXHUHP VDEHU DQWHFLSDGDPHQWH D TXDQWLGDGH GD F  < ;   
VXEVWkQFLD TXH HVWDUi FLUFXODQGR QD FRUUHQWH G  < ;   
VDQJXtQHDGHVVHSDFLHQWHDSyVXPDKRUDGR~OWLPR H  < ;   
GDGRFROHWDGR 
1DV FRQGLo}HV H[SRVWDV HVVD TXDQWLGDGH HP 
PLOLJUDPD VHUiLJXDOD  (QHP 1RVVHLVF{PRGRVGHXPDFDVDKi
 VHQVRUHVGHSUHVHQoDSRVLFLRQDGRVGHIRUPDTXHD
D   OX] GH FDGD F{PRGR DFHQGH DVVLP TXH XPD
E   SHVVRDQHOHDGHQWUDHDSDJDDVVLPTXHDSHVVRD
F   VH UHWLUD GHVVH F{PRGR 6XSRQKD TXH R
G   DFHQGLPHQWRHRGHVOLJDPHQWRVHMDPLQVWDQWkQHRV
H   2 PRUDGRU GHVVD FDVD YLVLWRX DOJXQV GHVVHV
 F{PRGRVILFDQGRH[DWDPHQWHXPPLQXWRHPFDGD
 (QHP33/ (PXPPXQLFtSLRIRLUHDOL]DGR XP GHOHV 2 JUiILFR GHVFUHYH R FRQVXPR
XP OHYDQWDPHQWR UHODWLYR DR Q~PHUR GH PpGLFRV DFXPXODGR GH HQHUJLD HP ZDWW u  PLQXWR HP
REWHQGRVHRVGDGRV IXQomR GR WHPSR W  HP PLQXWR GDV OkPSDGDV GH
 /(' GHVVD FDVD HQTXDQWR D ILJXUD DSUHVHQWD D
$QR 0pGLFRV SODQWD EDL[D GD FDVD QD TXDO RV F{PRGRV HVWmR
   QXPHUDGRV GH   D   FRP DV SRWrQFLDV GDV
   UHVSHFWLYDVOkPSDGDVLQGLFDGDV
   
  

7HQGR HP YLVWD D FUHVFHQWH GHPDQGD SRU
DWHQGLPHQWR PpGLFR QD UHGH GH VD~GH S~EOLFD
SUHWHQGHVH SURPRYHU D H[SDQVmR D ORQJR SUD]R
GR Q~PHUR GH PpGLFRV GHVVH PXQLFtSLR VHJXLQGR
RFRPSRUWDPHQWRGHFUHVFLPHQWROLQHDUQRSHUtRGR
REVHUYDGRQRTXDGUR

4XDO D SUHYLVmR GR Q~PHUR GH PpGLFRV QHVVH
PXQLFtSLRSDUDRDQR"

D   
E   
F  
G  
H  

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 79


SDVWpLV HVWLPD YHQGHU D FDGD GLD GD SUy[LPD
VHPDQD XPD TXDQWLGDGH LJXDO j TXDQWLGDGH GH
UHIULJHUDQWHHPODWDTXHSUHYrYHQGHUHPWDOGLD-i
SDUDRQ~PHURGHFDOGRGHFDQDHPFRSRVHVWLPD
TXH DV YHQGDV GLiULDV VHUmR LJXDLV jV GD ~OWLPD
VHPDQD

6HJXQGR HVVDV HVWLPDWLYDV D TXDQWLGDGH D PDLV
GH SDVWpLV TXH HVVH FRPHUFLDQWH GHYH YHQGHU QD
SUy[LPDVHPDQDp

D  
E  
F  
G  

 H  
$ VHTXrQFLD GH GHVORFDPHQWR SHORV F{PRGRV 
FRQIRUPH R FRQVXPR GH HQHUJLD DSUHVHQWDGR QR  (QHP 33/   2 PRGHOR SUHGDGRUSUHVD
JUiILFRp FRQVLVWH HP GHVFUHYHU D LQWHUDomR HQWUH GXDV
 HVSpFLHV VHQGR TXH XPD GHODV SUHVD  VHUYH GH
D   o  o  o  o  o  o  o   DOLPHQWR SDUD D RXWUD SUHGDGRU  $ UHVSRVWD
E   o  o  o  o  o  o  o   IXQFLRQDO p D UHODomR HQWUH D WD[D GH FRQVXPR GH
XP SUHGDGRU H D GHQVLGDGH SRSXODFLRQDO GH VXD
F   o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  
SUHVD $ ILJXUD PRVWUD WUrV UHVSRVWDV IXQFLRQDLV
G   o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  
I J K   HP TXH D YDULiYHO LQGHSHQGHQWH
H   o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  
UHSUHVHQWDDGHQVLGDGHSRSXODFLRQDOGDSUHVD


 (QHP   8P FRPHUFLDQWH TXH YHQGH
VRPHQWH SDVWHO UHIULJHUDQWH HP ODWD H FDOGR GH
FDQD HP FRSRV IH] XP OHYDQWDPHQWR GDV YHQGDV
UHDOL]DGDV GXUDQWH D VHPDQD 2 UHVXOWDGR GHVVH
OHYDQWDPHQWRHVWiDSUHVHQWDGRQRJUiILFR




4XDORPDLRULQWHUYDORHPTXHDUHVSRVWDIXQFLRQDO
I [  p PHQRU TXH DV UHVSRVWDV IXQFLRQDLV J [  H
 K [  VLPXOWDQHDPHQWH"


D   % 
E  % & 

 F  % ( 
(OH HVWLPD TXH YHQGHUi HP FDGD GLD GD SUy[LPD G  & ' 
VHPDQD XPD TXDQWLGDGH GH UHIULJHUDQWH HP ODWD H  & ( 
LJXDO j VRPD GDV TXDQWLGDGHV GH UHIULJHUDQWH HP

ODWD H FDOGR GH FDQD HP FRSRV YHQGLGDV QR

UHVSHFWLYR GLD GD ~OWLPD VHPDQD 4XDQWR DRV


80 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP33/ (PXPODERUDWyULRFLHQWLVWDV D 
REVHUYDUDP R FUHVFLPHQWR GH XPD SRSXODomR GH E 
EDFWpULDVVXEPHWLGDDXPDGLHWDPDJUDHPIyVIRUR F 
FRPJHQHURVDVSRUo}HVGHDUVrQLFR'HVFREULXVH G 
TXHRQ~PHURGHEDFWpULDVGHVVDSRSXODomRDSyV H 
W KRUDVGHREVHUYDomRSRGHULDVHUPRGHODGRSHOD 
NW  (QHP   8PD HPSUHVD SUHVWD VHUYLoR GH
IXQomR H[SRQHQFLDO 1 W 1 H   HP TXH 1  p R
DEDVWHFLPHQWR GH iJXD HP XPD FLGDGH 2 YDORU
Q~PHUR GH EDFWpULDV QR LQVWDQWH GR LQtFLR GD
PHQVDO D SDJDU SRU HVVH VHUYLoR p GHWHUPLQDGR
REVHUYDomR W   H UHSUHVHQWD XPD FRQVWDQWH
SHODDSOLFDomRGHWDULIDVSRUIDL[DVGHFRQVXPRGH
UHDOPDLRUTXHHNpXPDFRQVWDQWHUHDOSRVLWLYD iJXD VHQGR REWLGR SHOD DGLomR GRV YDORUHV
6DEHVH TXH DSyV XPD KRUD GH REVHUYDomR R FRUUHVSRQGHQWHVDFDGDIDL[D
Q~PHURGHEDFWpULDVIRLWULSOLFDGR 

&LQFRKRUDVDSyVRLQtFLRGDREVHUYDomRRQ~PHUR ƒ )DL[D  SDUD FRQVXPR GH DWp  P YDORU IL[R
GH EDFWpULDV HP UHODomR DR Q~PHUR LQLFLDO GHVVD GH5
FXOWXUDIRL ƒ )DL[D  SDUD FRQVXPR VXSHULRU D  P DWp 
 P WDULID GH 5  SRU PHWUR F~ELFR DR TXH
D 1  H[FHGHUDP
E 1  ƒ )DL[DSDUDFRQVXPRVXSHULRUDPWDULID
GH5SRUPHWURF~ELFRDRTXHH[FHGHUD
F 1 
 P 6DEHVH TXH QHVVD FLGDGH R FRQVXPR
G 1  Pi[LPRGHiJXDSRUUHVLGrQFLDpGHPSRU
H 1  PrV

 2JUiILFRTXHPHOKRUGHVFUHYHRYDORU 3 HPUHDO
 (QHP   2 ËQGLFH GH 'HVHQYROYLPHQWR D VHU SDJR SRU PrV HP IXQomR GR YROXPH 9  GH
+XPDQR ,'+  p XPD PHGLGD XVDGD SDUD iJXDFRQVXPLGRHPPHWURF~ELFRp
FODVVLILFDU RV SDtVHV SHOR VHX JUDX GH 
GHVHQYROYLPHQWR 3DUD VHX FiOFXOR VmR OHYDGRV D  E 
HPFRQVLGHUDomRDH[SHFWDWLYDGHYLGDDRQDVFHU
WHPSR GH HVFRODULGDGH H UHQGD SHU FDSLWD HQWUH
RXWURV2PHQRUYDORUGHVWHtQGLFHp]HURHRPDLRU
pXP&LQFRSDtVHVIRUDPDYDOLDGRVHREWLYHUDPRV
VHJXLQWHV tQGLFHV GH GHVHQYROYLPHQWR KXPDQR R
SULPHLURSDtVUHFHEHXXPYDORU ; RVHJXQGR ; 

RWHUFHLUR ;   RTXDUWR ; HR~OWLPR ;  1HQKXP
GHVVHVSDtVHV]HURXRXDWLQJLXRtQGLFHPi[LPR
  
4XDOGHVVHVSDtVHVREWHYHRPDLRU,'+" 
 F  G
D  2SULPHLUR
E  2VHJXQGR
F  2WHUFHLUR
G  2TXDUWR
H  2TXLQWR

 (QHP 33/   8P MDUGLQHLUR FXOWLYD SODQWDV
RUQDPHQWDLV H DV FRORFD j YHQGD TXDQGR HVWDV
DWLQJHP  FHQWtPHWURV GH DOWXUD (VVH MDUGLQHLUR  
HVWXGRXRFUHVFLPHQWRGHVXDVSODQWDVHPIXQomR 

GR WHPSR H GHGX]LX XPD IyUPXOD TXH FDOFXOD D H  
DOWXUD HP IXQomR GR WHPSR D SDUWLU GR PRPHQWR
HP TXH D SODQWD EURWD GR VROR DWp R PRPHQWR HP
TXH HOD DWLQJH VXD DOWXUD Pi[LPD GH 
FHQWtPHWURV$IyUPXODpK ˜ORJ W HPTXH
WpRWHPSRFRQWDGRHPGLDHKDDOWXUDGDSODQWD
HPFHQWtPHWUR
$SDUWLUGRPRPHQWRHPTXHXPDGHVVDVSODQWDVp
FRORFDGD j YHQGD HP TXDQWR WHPSR HP GLD HOD
DOFDQoDUiVXDDOWXUDPi[LPD"
 
 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 81


 (QHP   2 JUiILFR D VHJXLU PRVWUD D HPVRORDOFDOLQR RXVHMDFRPS+! DIORUpURVD
HYROXomR PHQVDO GDV YHQGDV GH FHUWR SURGXWR GH &RQVLGHUH TXH D +\GUDQJHD FRUGHURVD PDLV
MXOKRDQRYHPEURGH YDORUL]DGD FRPHUFLDOPHQWH QXPD GHWHUPLQDGD

UHJLmR VHMD DTXHOD SURGX]LGD HP VROR FRP S+
LQIHULRUD6DEHVHTXHS+ ORJ[HPTXH[pD
FRQFHQWUDomRGHtRQKLGURJrQLR + 
3DUD SURGX]LU D +\GUDQJHD FRUGHURVD GH PDLRU
YDORU FRPHUFLDO GHYHVH SUHSDUDU R VROR GH PRGR
TXH[DVVXPD

D  TXDOTXHUYDORUDFLPDGH
E  TXDOTXHUYDORUSRVLWLYRLQIHULRUD
F  YDORUHVPDLRUHVTXHHPHQRUHVTXH
G  YDORUHVPDLRUHVTXHHPHQRUHVTXH
H  YDORUHVPDLRUHVTXHHPHQRUHVTXH

 (QHP33/ 8PSURMpWLOpODQoDGRSRUXP
FDQKmR H DWLQJH R VROR D XPD GLVWkQFLD GH  
 PHWURV GR SRQWR GH SDUWLGD (OH SHUFRUUH XPD

WUDMHWyULDSDUDEyOLFDHD DOWXUDPi[LPDTXHDWLQJH
6DEHVH TXH R PrV GH MXOKR IRL R SLRU PRPHQWR GD
HPUHODomRDRVRORpGHPHWURV
HPSUHVD HP  H TXH R Q~PHUR GH XQLGDGHV 
YHQGLGDVGHVVHSURGXWRHPGH]HPEURGHIRLLJXDO
j PpGLD DULWPpWLFD GR Q~PHUR GH XQLGDGHV YHQGLGDV
QRVPHVHVGHMXOKRDQRYHPEURGRPHVPRDQR
2 JHUHQWH GH YHQGDV GLVVH HP XPD UHXQLmR GD
GLUHWRULDTXHVHHVVDUHGXomRQRQ~PHURGHXQLGDGHV
YHQGLGDV GH QRYHPEUR SDUD GH]HPEUR GH  VH 

PDQWLYHVVH FRQVWDQWH QRV PHVHV VXEVHTXHQWHV DV $GPLWDXPVLVWHPDGHFRRUGHQDGDV[\HPTXHQR
YHQGDV Vy YROWDULDP D ILFDU SLRUHV TXH MXOKR GH  HL[RYHUWLFDO\HVWiUHSUHVHQWDGDDDOWXUDHQRHL[R
DSHQDVQRILQDOGH KRUL]RQWDO [ HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGD D GLVWkQFLD DPEDV
2 GLUHWRU ILQDQFHLUR UHEDWHX LPHGLDWDPHQWH HVVH HP PHWUR &RQVLGHUH TXH R FDQKmR HVWi QR SRQWR
DUJXPHQWR PRVWUDQGR TXH PDQWLGD D WHQGrQFLD LVVR  HTXHRSURMpWLODWLQJHRVRORQRSRQWR  
DFRQWHFHULDMiHP GRSODQR[\

D  MDQHLUR $HTXDomRGDSDUiERODTXHUHSUHVHQWDDWUDMHWyULD
E  IHYHUHLUR GHVFULWDSHORSURMpWLOp
F  PDUoR 
G  DEULO D  \ [±[
H  PDLR E  \ [±[
 F  \ [±[
 (QHP $+\GUDQJHDPDFURSK\LODpXPD G  \ [±[
SODQWDFRPIORUD]XORXFRUGHURVDGHSHQGHQGRGR H  \ [±[
S+ GR VROR QR TXDO HVWi SODQWDGD (P VROR iFLGR 
RX VHMD FRP S+    D IORU p D]XO HQTXDQWR TXH


 (QHP 33/   1D LQWHQomR GH DPSOLDU VXDV IDWLDV GH PHUFDGR DV RSHUDGRUDV GH WHOHIRQLD
DSUHVHQWDP GLIHUHQWHV SODQRV H SURPRo}HV 8PD RSHUDGRUD RIHUHFH WUrV GLIHUHQWHV SODQRV EDVHDGRV QD
TXDQWLGDGH GH PLQXWRV XWLOL]DGRV PHQVDOPHQWH DSUHVHQWDGRV QR JUiILFR 8P FDVDO IRL j ORMD GHVVD
RSHUDGRUDSDUDFRPSUDUGRLVFHOXODUHVXPSDUDDHVSRVDHRXWURSDUDRPDULGR(ODXWLOL]DRWHOHIRQHHP
PpGLDPLQXWRVSRUPrVHQTXDQWRHOHHPPpGLDXWLOL]DPLQXWRVSRUPrV


82 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


&RPEDVHQDVLQIRUPDo}HVGRJUiILFRTXDOpRSODQRGHPHQRUFXVWRPHQVDOSDUDFDGDXPGHOHV"

D  2SODQR$SDUDDPERV
E  2SODQR%SDUDDPERV
F  2SODQR&SDUDDPERV
G  2SODQR%SDUDDHVSRVDHRSODQR&SDUDRPDULGR
H  2SODQR&SDUDDHVSRVDHRSODQR%SDUDRPDULGR

 (QHP 33/   $ TXDQWLGDGH [  GH SHoDV FDPSDQKD HP FmHV QRV DQRV GH   H
HP PLOKDU SURGX]LGDV H R IDWXUDPHQWR \  HP  QR PXQLFtSLR GH %HOR +RUL]RQWH HP 0LQDV
PLOKDU GH UHDO GH XPD HPSUHVD HVWmR *HUDLV 2V YDORUHV GDV FREHUWXUDV GRV DQRV GH
UHSUHVHQWDGRV QRV JUiILFRV DPERV HP IXQomR GR  H  QmR HVWmR LQIRUPDGRV QR JUiILFR H
Q~PHUR W  GH KRUDV WUDEDOKDGDV SRU VHXV GHVHMDVH HVWLPi,RV 3DUD WDO OHYRXVH HP
IXQFLRQiULRV FRQVLGHUDomR TXH D YDULDomR QD FREHUWXUD GH
 YDFLQDomR GD FDPSDQKD DQWLUUiELFD QRV SHUtRGRV
GHDHGHDGHXVHGHIRUPD
OLQHDU




 4XDO WHULD VLGR D FREHUWXUD GHVVD FDPSDQKD QR
 DQRGH"

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 (QHP 33/   'H DFRUGR FRP D
2UJDQL]DomR0XQGLDOGD6D~GH 206 ROLPLWHGH
UXtGR VXSRUWiYHO SDUD R RXYLGR KXPDQR p GH  
GHFLEpLV 5XtGRV FRP LQWHQVLGDGH VXSHULRU D HVWH
YDORU FRPHoDP D LQFRPRGDU H FDXVDU GDQRV DR
RXYLGR (P UD]mR GLVWR WRGD YH] TXH D RV UXtGRV
RULXQGRV GR SURFHVVR GH IDEULFDomR GH SHoDV HP
XPD IiEULFD XOWUDSDVVDP HVWH YDORU p GLVSDUDGR
 XP DODUPH VRQRUR ,QGLFDQGR TXH RV IXQFLRQiULRV
 GHYHP FRORFDU SURWHomR QRV RXYLGRV 2 JUiILFR
2 Q~PHUR GH SHoDV TXH GHYHP VHU SURGX]LGDV IRUQHFH D LQWHQVLGDGH VRQRUD UHJLVWUDGD QR ~OWLPR
SDUDVHREWHUXPIDWXUDPHQWRGH 5  p WXUQRGHWUDEDOKRGHVVDIiEULFD1HOHDYDULiYHO W 
 LQGLFD R WHPSR PHGLGR HP KRUD  H ,  LQGLFD D
D    LQWHQVLGDGHVRQRUD PHGLGDHPGHFLEHO 
E    
F   
G   
H   

 (QHP   $ UDLYD p XPD GRHQoD YLUDO H
LQIHFFLRVDWUDQVPLWLGDSRUPDPtIHURV$FDPSDQKD
QDFLRQDOGHYDFLQDomRDQWLUUiELFDWHPRREMHWLYRGH
FRQWURODU D FLUFXODomR GR YtUXV GD UDLYD FDQLQD H
IHOLQD SUHYHQLQGR D UDLYD KXPDQD 2 JUiILFR 
PRVWUDDFREHUWXUD SRUFHQWDJHPGHYDFLQDGRV GD 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 83


'H DFRUGR FRP R JUiILFR TXDQWDV YH]HV IRL  (QHP 33/   $ iJXD FRPHUFLDOL]DGD HP
QHFHVViULRFRORFDUDSURWHomRGHRXYLGRVQR~OWLPR JDUUDI}HV SRGH VHU FODVVLILFDGD FRPR PXLWR iFLGD
WXUQRGHWUDEDOKR" iFLGD QHXWUD DOFDOLQD RX PXLWR DOFDOLQD
 GHSHQGHQGRGHVHXS+GDGRSHODH[SUHVVmR
D   
E   
F   S+ ORJ  
+
G  

H  
 HPTXH + pDFRQFHQWUDomRGHtRQVGHKLGURJrQLR
 (QHP33/ 3DUDJDUDQWLUVHJXUDQoDDR HP PRO SRU GHFtPHWUR F~ELFR $ FODVVLILFDomR GD
GLULJLU DOJXQV PRWRULVWDV LQVWDODP GLVSRVLWLYRV HP iJXDGHDFRUGRFRPVHXS+pPRVWUDGDQRTXDGUR
VHXV FDUURV TXH DOHUWDP TXDQGR XPD FHUWD 
YHORFLGDGH Pi[LPD Y Pi[   SUpSURJUDPDGD SHOR S+ &ODVVLILFDomR
XVXiULRGHDFRUGRFRPDYHORFLGDGHPi[LPDGDYLD S+ t   0XLWRDOFDOLQD
GH WUiIHJR p XOWUDSDVVDGD 2 JUiILFR H[LELGR SHOR  d S+    $OFDOLQD
GLVSRVLWLYR QR SDLQHO GR FDUUR DSyV R ILQDO GH XPD  d S+    1HXWUD
YLDJHP IRUQHFH D YHORFLGDGH NP K  GR FDUUR HP
 d S+    ÈFLGD
IXQomRGRWHPSR K  
 S+    0XLWRiFLGD

3DUD R FiOFXOR GD FRQFHQWUDomR + XPD
GLVWULEXLGRUDPHGHGRLVSDUkPHWURV$H%HPFDGD
IRQWHHDGRWD+FRPRVHQGRRTXRFLHQWHGH$SRU
% (P DQiOLVH UHDOL]DGD HP XPD IRQWH REWHYH
$    H D iJXD GHVVD IRQWH IRL FODVVLILFDGD
FRPRQHXWUD

 2SDUkPHWUR%HQWmRHQFRQWUDYDVHQRLQWHUYDOR

'H DFRUGR FRP R JUiILFR TXDQWDV YH]HV R 
GLVSRVLWLYR DOHUWRX R PRWRULVWD QR SHUFXUVR GD D      º 
YLDJHP" ¼
 ª  ·
D   E  «    ¸ 
E   « ¸
¬ ¹
F  
G   ª  ·
H   F  «   ¸ 
« ¸
 ¬ ¹
 (QHP   8PD ORMD YHQGH DXWRPyYHLV HP G  ª  
 

1  SDUFHODV LJXDLV VHP MXURV 1R PRPHQWR GH ¬
FRQWUDWDU R ILQDQFLDPHQWR FDVR R FOLHQWH TXHLUD ª   ·
H  «u  u ¸ 
DXPHQWDURSUD]RDFUHVFHQWDQGRPDLV  SDUFHODV ¬ ¹
R YDORU GH FDGD XPD GDV SDUFHODV GLPLQXL 
5  RXVHHOHTXLVHUGLPLQXLURSUD]RFRP  (QHP   8PD HPSUHVD GH FRPXQLFDomR
  SDUFHODV D PHQRV R YDORU GH FDGD XPD GDV WHPDWDUHIDGHHODERUDUXPPDWHULDOSXEOLFLWiULRGH
SDUFHODV VREH 5   &RQVLGHUH DLQGD TXH XPHVWDOHLURSDUDGLYXOJDUXPQRYRQDYLRHTXLSDGR
QDV WUrV SRVVLELOLGDGHV GH SDJDPHQWR R YDORU GR FRPXPJXLQGDVWHGHP GHDOWXUDHXPDHVWHLUD
DXWRPyYHOpRPHVPRWRGDVVmRVHPMXURVHQmRp GHPGHFRPSULPHQWR1RGHVHQKRGHVVHQDYLR
GDGRGHVFRQWRHPQHQKXPDGDVVLWXDo}HV D UHSUHVHQWDomR GR JXLQGDVWH GHYH WHU VXD DOWXUD
 HQWUH  FP H  FP HQTXDQWR D HVWHLUD GHYH
1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV TXDO p D TXDQWLGDGH 1 GH DSUHVHQWDU FRPSULPHQWR VXSHULRU D  FP  7RGR R
SDUFHODVDVHUHPSDJDVGHDFRUGRFRPDSURSRVWD GHVHQKRGHYHUiVHUIHLWRHPXPDHVFDOD;
LQLFLDOGDORMD" 2VYDORUHVSRVVtYHLVSDUD;VmRDSHQDV
 
D  D  ; !  
E  E  ;   
F  F    ;   
G  G    ;   
H  H    ;   


84 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP /LEUDV  $~QLFDIRQWHGHUHQGD D  5  
GHXPFDEHOHLUHLURpSURYHQLHQWHGHVHXVDOmR(OH E  5  
FREUD5SRUFDGDVHUYLoRUHDOL]DGRHDWHQGH
 FOLHQWHV SRU PrV PDV HVWi SHQVDQGR HP F  5  
DXPHQWDU R YDORU FREUDGR SHOR VHUYLoR (OH VDEH G  5  
TXH FDGD UHDO FREUDGR D PDLV DFDUUHWD XPD H  5  
GLPLQXLomRGHFOLHQWHVSRUPrV
3DUDTXHDUHQGDGRFDEHOHLUHLURVHMDPi[LPDHOH 
GHYHFREUDUSRUVHUYLoRRYDORUGH


 (QHP  $,JUHMDGH6mR)UDQFLVFRGH$VVLVREUDDUTXLWHW{QLFDPRGHUQLVWDGH2VFDU1LHPH\HU
ORFDOL]DGD QD /DJRD GD 3DPSXOKD HP %HOR +RUL]RQWH SRVVXL DEyEDGDV SDUDEyOLFDV $ VHWD QD )LJXUD 
LOXVWUD XPD GDV DEyEDGDV QD HQWUDGD SULQFLSDO GD FDSHOD $ )LJXUD  IRUQHFH XPD YLVWD IURQWDO GHVWD
DEyEDGDFRPPHGLGDVKLSRWpWLFDVSDUDVLPSOLILFDURVFiOFXORV




4XDODPHGLGDGDDOWXUD + HPPHWURLQGLFDGDQD)LJXUD"


D 


E 


F 


G 


H 


 (QHP /LEUDV    6XSRQKD TXH SDUD XP WUHP WUDIHJDU GH XPD FLGDGH j RXWUD VHMD QHFHVViULD D
FRQVWUXomRGHXPW~QHOFRPDOWXUDHODUJXUDLJXDLVD  P 3RUTXHVW}HVUHODFLRQDGDVDRWLSRGHVRORDVHU
HVFDYDGRRW~QHOGHYHUiVHUWDOTXHTXDOTXHUVHomRWUDQVYHUVDOVHMDRDUFRGHXPDGHWHUPLQDGDSDUiEROD
FRPR DSUHVHQWDGR QD )LJXUD  'HVHMDVH VDEHU TXDO D HTXDomR GD SDUiEROD TXH FRQWpP HVVH DUFR
&RQVLGHUHXPSODQRFDUWHVLDQRFRPFHQWURQRSRQWRPpGLRGDEDVHGDDEHUWXUDGRW~QHOFRQIRUPH)LJXUD


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 85




$HTXDomRTXHGHVFUHYHDSDUiERODp G /W W   


 H /W W   

D  \  [     
  (QHP33/  8PVLVWHPDGHGHSUHFLDomR
  OLQHDU HVWDEHOHFHQGR TXH DSyV   DQRV R YDORU
E \ [   
 PRQHWiULR GH XP EHP VHUi ]HUR p XVDGR QDV
F \  [     GHFODUDo}HVGHLPSRVWRGHUHQGDGHDOJXQVSDtVHV
2JUiILFRLOXVWUDHVVDVLWXDomR
G \ [     
H  \  [    

 (QHP /LEUDV  8PUHVHUYDWyULRGHiJXD
FRP FDSDFLGDGH SDUD   PLO OLWURV HQFRQWUDVH
FRP   PLO OLWURV GH iJXD QXP LQVWDQWH LQLFLDO W 
LJXDOD]HURHPTXHVmRDEHUWDVGXDVWRUQHLUDV$
SULPHLUDGHODVpD~QLFDPDQHLUDSHODTXDODiJXD
HQWUD QR UHVHUYDWyULR H HOD GHVSHMD  /  GH iJXD 

SRUPLQXWRDVHJXQGDpD~QLFDPDQHLUDGHDiJXD
8PDSHVVRDDGTXLULXGRLVEHQV $ H % SDJDQGR
VDLUGRUHVHUYDWyULR$UD]mRHQWUHDTXDQWLGDGHGH
iJXDTXHHQWUDHDTXHVDLQHVVDRUGHPpLJXDOD  H  GyODUHVUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
 
  &RQVLGHUH TXH 4 W  VHMD D H[SUHVVmR TXH &RQVLGHUDQGRDVLQIRUPDo}HVGDGDVDSyV  DQRV

TXDOVHUiDGLIHUHQoDHQWUHRVYDORUHVPRQHWiULRV
LQGLFD R YROXPH GH iJXD HP OLWUR FRQWLGR QR
HPGyODUGHVVHVEHQV"
UHVHUYDWyULRQRLQVWDQWH W GDGRHPPLQXWRFRP W 

YDULDQGRGH  D   D   
$H[SUHVVmRDOJpEULFDSDUD 4 W p E   
 F   
D  W G   
E  W H   
F  W

G  W
H  W  (QHP33/  2VFRQVXPLGRUHV ; <  H = 
 GHVHMDP WURFDU VHXV SODQRV GH LQWHUQHW PyYHO QD
 (QHP 33/   (P XP PrV XPD ORMD GH WHQWDWLYD GH REWHUHP XP VHUYLoR GH PHOKRU
HOHWU{QLFRV FRPHoD D REWHU OXFUR Mi QD SULPHLUD TXDOLGDGH $SyV SHVTXLVDUHP HVFROKHUDP XPD
VHPDQD2JUiILFRUHSUHVHQWDROXFUR / GHVVDORMD RSHUDGRUDTXHRIHUHFHFLQFRSODQRVSDUDGLIHUHQWHV
SHUILVFRQIRUPHDSUHVHQWDGRQRTXDGUR
GHVGH R LQtFLR GR PrV DWp R GLD  0DV HVVH

FRPSRUWDPHQWRVHHVWHQGHDWpR~OWLPRGLDRGLD
3UHoR 3UHoRSRU

3ODQR )UDQTXLD PHQVDOGH 0%
DVVLQDWXUD H[FHGHQWH
$  0%  5   5  
%  0%  5   5  
&  0%  5   5  
'  *%  5   5  
(  *%  5   5  
'DGR  *%  0% 

 (P FDGD SODQR R FRQVXPLGRU SDJD XP YDORU IL[R
 SUHoR PHQVDO GD DVVLQDWXUD  SHOD IUDQTXLD
$ UHSUHVHQWDomR DOJpEULFD GR OXFUR /  HP IXQomR FRQWUDWDGD H XP YDORU YDULiYHO TXH GHSHQGH GD
GRWHPSR W p TXDQWLGDGH GH 0% XWLOL]DGR DOpP GD IUDQTXLD
 &RQVLGHUH TXH D YHORFLGDGH Pi[LPD GH DFHVVR
D  / W W    VHMD D PHVPD LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GR SODQR TXH
E  / W W    RVFRQVXPRVPHQVDLVGH;<H= VmRGH0%
F  / W W   0% H  0% UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH H TXH FDGD
XPGHOHVHVFROKHUiDSHQDVXPSODQR

86 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


&RP EDVH QRV GDGRV GR TXDGUR DV HVFROKDV GRV G 
SODQRVFRPPHQRUHVFXVWRVSDUDRVFRQVXPLGRUHV
;<H = UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHVmR

D  $&H&
E  $%H'
F  %%H'
G  %&H&
H  %&H'

 (QHP 33/   $R DEULU XP QHJyFLR XP
PLFURHPSUHViULR GHVFUHYHX VXDV YHQGDV HP 
PLOKDUHV GH UHDLV XQLGDGH PRQHWiULD EUDVLOHLUD  H 
GXUDQWH RV GRLV SULPHLURV DQRV 1R SULPHLUR DQR
VXDV YHQGDV FUHVFHUDP GH PRGR OLQHDU
3RVWHULRUPHQWH HOH GHFLGLX LQYHVWLU HP
SURSDJDQGDRTXHIH]VXDVYHQGDVFUHVFHUHPGH
PRGRH[SRQHQFLDO
4XDO p R JUiILFR TXH PHOKRU GHVFUHYH DV YHQGDV
HPIXQomRGRWHPSR"

D 



 (QHP   2V FRQJHVWLRQDPHQWRV GH
WUkQVLWR FRQVWLWXHP XP SUREOHPD TXH DIOLJH WRGRV
RV GLDV PLOKDUHV GH PRWRULVWDV EUDVLOHLURV 2
JUiILFR LOXVWUD D VLWXDomR UHSUHVHQWDQGR DR ORQJR
GH XP LQWHUYDOR GHILQLGR GH WHPSR D YDULDomR GD
YHORFLGDGH GH XP YHtFXOR GXUDQWH XP
FRQJHVWLRQDPHQWR


E 



4XDQWRV PLQXWRV R YHtFXOR SHUPDQHFHX LPyYHO DR
ORQJRGRLQWHUYDORGHWHPSRWRWDODQDOLVDGR"

D   
 E   

F   
F 
G   
H   










 
 
 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 87




 (QHP  'RLVUHVHUYDWyULRV $ H % VmRDOLPHQWDGRVSRUERPEDVGLVWLQWDVSRUXPSHUtRGRGH  


KRUDV$TXDQWLGDGHGHiJXDFRQWLGDHPFDGDUHVHUYDWyULRQHVVHSHUtRGRSRGHVHUYLVXDOL]DGDQDILJXUD




2Q~PHURGHKRUDVHPTXHRVGRLVUHVHUYDWyULRVFRQWrPDPHVPDTXDQWLGDGHGHiJXDp

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   


 (QHP   1XP GLD GH WHPSHVWDGH D )RL LQIRUPDGR TXH HQWUH  KRUDV H  KRUDV D
DOWHUDomR QD SURIXQGLGDGH GH XP ULR QXP SURIXQGLGDGHGRULRGLPLQXLXHP  
GHWHUPLQDGR ORFDO IRL UHJLVWUDGD GXUDQWH XP ¬V  KRUDV TXDO p D SURIXQGLGDGH GR ULR HP
SHUtRGRGH  KRUDV2VUHVXOWDGRVHVWmRLQGLFDGRV PHWURQRORFDORQGHIRUDPIHLWRVRVUHJLVWURV"
QR JUiILFR GH OLQKDV 1HOH D SURIXQGLGDGH K  
UHJLVWUDGDjV  KRUDVQmRIRLDQRWDGDHDSDUWLU D  
GH K  FDGD XQLGDGH VREUH R HL[R YHUWLFDO E  
F  
UHSUHVHQWDXPPHWUR
G  

H  

 (QHP33/ *+pDVLJODTXHGHQRPLQD
R KRUP{QLR GR FUHVFLPHQWR GR LQJOrV JURZWK
KRUPRQH  LQGLVSHQViYHO SDUD UHWDUGDU R SURFHVVR
GHHQYHOKHFLPHQWR¬PHGLGDTXHHQYHOKHFHPRVD
OLEHUDomR GHVVH KRUP{QLR QD FRUUHQWH VDQJXtQHD
YDL GLPLQXLQGR (VWXGRV WrP GHPRQVWUDGR SRUpP
TXH DOJXQV PpWRGRV GH WUHLQDPHQWR DXPHQWDP D

 SURGXomR GH *+ (P XPD SHVTXLVD GH] KRPHQV
IRUDP VXEPHWLGRV D VHVV}HV GH  PLQXWRV GH

88 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


FRUULGD HP XPD HVWHLUD HP GLIHUHQWHV E 
LQWHQVLGDGHV PXLWR OHYH OHYH PRGHUDGD H
Pi[LPD$VGRVDJHQVGH*+PHGLGDVSRUFROHWDV
GH VDQJXH IHLWDV DQWHV H ORJR DSyV DV VHVV}HV H
WDPEpP  KRUD H  KRUDV DSyV R WpUPLQR VmR
IRUQHFLGDVQRJUiILFR



F 



(P TXDO LV  PHGLomR }HV  D OLEHUDomR GH *+ QD
FRUUHQWHVDQJXtQHDHPXPDVHVVmRGHLQWHQVLGDGH

Pi[LPD IRL PDLRU TXH D OLEHUDomR GH *+ RFRUULGD G 
QDVGHPDLVLQWHQVLGDGHV"

D  $SHQDV QD PHGLomR IHLWD ORJR DSyV D VHVVmR
GHWUHLQDPHQWR
E  $SHQDV QD PHGLomR GHLWD  KRUD DSyV D
VHVVmRGHWUHLQDPHQWR
F  $SHQDVQDPHGLomRIHLWDDSyVKRUDVDSyVD
VHVVmRGHWUHLQDPHQWR
G  1DVPHGLo}HVIHLWDVORJRDSyVHKRUDDSyVD

VHVVmRGHWUHLQDPHQWR H 
H  1DVPHGLo}HVIHLWDVORJRDSyVKRUDDSyVH
KRUDVDSyVDVHVVmRGHWUHLQDPHQWR

 (QHP $iJXDSDUDRDEDVWHFLPHQWRGH
XP SUpGLR p DUPD]HQDGD HP XP VLVWHPD IRUPDGR
SRU GRLV UHVHUYDWyULRV LGrQWLFRV HP IRUPDWR GH
EORFRUHWDQJXODUOLJDGRVHQWUHVLSRUXPFDQRLJXDO
DRFDQRGHHQWUDGDFRQIRUPHLOXVWUDDILJXUD




 (QHP   2 ILVLRORJLVWD LQJOrV $UFKLEDOG
9LYLDQ +LOO SURS{V HP VHXV HVWXGRV TXH D
YHORFLGDGH Y GHFRQWUDomRGHXPP~VFXORDRVHU

 VXEPHWLGR D XP SHVR S p GDGD SHOD HTXDomR
$ iJXD HQWUD QR VLVWHPD SHOR FDQR GH HQWUDGD QR SD YE  NFRPDEH.FRQVWDQWHV
5HVHUYDWyULRDXPDYD]mRFRQVWDQWHHDRDWLQJLU 8P ILVLRWHUDSHXWD FRP R LQWXLWR GH PD[LPL]DU R
R QtYHO GR FDQR GH OLJDomR SDVVD D DEDVWHFHU R HIHLWREHQpILFRGRVH[HUFtFLRVTXHUHFRPHQGDULDD
5HVHUYDWyULR6XSRQKDTXHLQLFLDOPHQWHRVGRLV XPGHVHXVSDFLHQWHVTXLVHVWXGDUHVVDHTXDomR
UHVHUYDWyULRVHVWHMDPYD]LRV HDFODVVLILFRXGHVWDIRUPD
4XDOGRVJUiILFRVPHOKRUGHVFUHYHUiDDOWXUD K GR 

QtYHO GD iJXD QR 5HVHUYDWyULR  HP IXQomR GR 7LSRGHFXUYD
6HPLUUHWDREOtTXD
YROXPH 9 GDiJXDQRVLVWHPD"
6HPLUUHWDKRUL]RQWDO

5DPRGHSDUiEROD
D  $UFRGHFLUFXQIHUrQFLD
5DPRGHKLSpUEROH

2ILVLRWHUDSHXWDDQDOLVRXDGHSHQGrQFLDHQWUHYHS
QD HTXDomR GH +LOO H D FODVVLILFRX GH DFRUGR FRP
VXD UHSUHVHQWDomR JHRPpWULFD QR SODQR FDUWHVLDQR
XWLOL]DQGR R SDU GH FRRUGHQDGDV S Y  $GPLWD TXH
N! 

'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWS"UVSEUR\DOVRFLHW\SXEOLVKLQJRUJ
 $FHVVRHPMXO DGDSWDGR 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 89


2 JUiILFR GD HTXDomR TXH R ILVLRWHUDSHXWD XWLOL]RX H  I p VREUHMHWRUD SRLV EDVWD TXH XPD PHQLQD GR
SDUDPD[LPL]DURHIHLWRGRVH[HUFtFLRVpGRWLSR FRQMXQWR $ IRUPH SDU FRP GRLV PHQLQRV
 SHUWHQFHQWHV DR FRQMXQWR % DVVLP QHQKXP
D  VHPLUUHWDREOtTXD PHQLQRILFDUiVHPSDU
E  VHPLUUHWDKRUL]RQWDO 
F  UDPRGHSDUiEROD  (QHP /LEUDV    8P PRGHOR GH
G  DUFRGHFLUFXQIHUrQFLD DXWRPyYHOWHPVHXYDORUGHSUHFLDGRHPIXQomRGR
H  UDPRGHKLSpUEROH WHPSRGHXVRVHJXQGRDIXQomR I W E ˜ D W  FRP W 

HPDQR(VVDIXQomRHVWiUHSUHVHQWDGDQRJUiILFR
 (QHP 33/   1R SULPHLUR DQR GR HQVLQR 
PpGLRGHXPDHVFRODpKiELWRRVDOXQRVGDQoDUHP
TXDGULOKD QD IHVWD MXQLQD 1HVWH DQR Ki 
PHQLQDVHPHQLQRVQDWXUPDHSDUDDTXDGULOKD
IRUDP IRUPDGRV  SDUHV GLVWLQWRV FRPSRVWRV SRU
XPD PHQLQD H XP PHQLQR &RQVLGHUH TXH DV
PHQLQDV VHMDP RV HOHPHQWRV TXH FRPS}HP R
FRQMXQWR $ H RV PHQLQRV R FRQMXQWR % GH PRGR
TXH RV SDUHV IRUPDGRV UHSUHVHQWHP XPD IXQomR I
GH$HP%
&RP EDVH QHVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV D FODVVLILFDomR GR
WLSRGHIXQomRTXHHVWiSUHVHQWHQHVVDUHODomRp

D  I p LQMHWRUD SRLV SDUD FDGD PHQLQD SHUWHQFHQWH
DR FRQMXQWR $ HVWi DVVRFLDGR XP PHQLQR
GLIHUHQWHSHUWHQFHQWHDRFRQMXQWR%

E  IpVREUHMHWRUDSRLVFDGDSDUpIRUPDGRSRUXPD
4XDO VHUi R YDORU GHVVH DXWRPyYHO HP UHDO DR
PHQLQDSHUWHQFHQWHDRFRQMXQWR$ HXPPHQLQR
FRPSOHWDUGRLVDQRVGHXVR"
SHUWHQFHQWHDRFRQMXQWR%VREUDQGRXPPHQLQR

VHPIRUPDUSDU
D   
F  I p LQMHWRUD SRLV GXDV PHQLQDV TXDLVTXHU
SHUWHQFHQWHVDRFRQMXQWR$ IRUPDPSDUFRPXP E   
PHVPRPHQLQRSHUWHQFHQWHDRFRQMXQWR%SDUD F   
HQYROYHUDWRWDOLGDGHGHDOXQRVGDWXUPD G   
G  I p ELMHWRUD SRLV GRLV PHQLQRV TXDLVTXHU
H   
SHUWHQFHQWHV DR FRQMXQWR % IRUPDP SDU FRP
XPDPHVPDPHQLQDSHUWHQFHQWHDRFRQMXQWR$ 


 (QHP /LEUDV  $EDVHGHFiOFXORGRLPSRVWRGHUHQGDpDSDUWHGRVUHQGLPHQWRVUHFHELGRVSHOR
FRQWULEXLQWH VREUH D TXDO LQFLGH R LPSRVWR (OD p REWLGD DSyV VHUHP GHVFRQWDGDV GRV UHQGLPHQWRV DV
GHGXo}HVOHJDLV
1RDQRGHVHDEDVHGHFiOFXORGHXPFRQWULEXLQWHWHYHXPYDORUGHDWp 5  RFRQWULEXLQWH
IRLLVHQWRGRLPSRVWRGHUHQGD6HDEDVHGHFiOFXORILFRXHQWUH 5  H 5  RLPSRVWR
GHYLGR IRL GH   VREUH R TXH H[FHGHX 5   3RU ILP VH D EDVH GH FiOFXOR XOWUDSDVVRX
5  RLPSRVWRGHYLGRpGDGRSHODVRPDGH 5   FRUUHVSRQGHQGRD  GDGLIHUHQoD
   PDLV  GRTXHH[FHGHX 5  

2JHUHQWHGHXPHVFULWyULRGHFRQWDELOLGDGHSHGLXDXPHVWDJLiULRTXHLGHQWLILFDVVHRJUiILFRTXHGHVFUHYLD
R YDORU LPSRVWR GHYLGR SDUD R DQR GH  FRPR IXQomR GD EDVH GH FiOFXOR DSUHVHQWDQGROKH FLQFR
JUiILFRVVHPTXDOTXHURXWUDLQIRUPDomRRXYDORUHVQXPpULFRV





90 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA





$GPLWLQGRTXHXPGHVVHVJUiILFRVFRUUHVSRQGDDRSHGLGRGRJHUHQWHTXDOpHVVHJUiILFR"

D ,
E ,,
F ,,,
G ,9
H 9


 (QHP33/  8PDHVFRODRUJDQL]RXXPD JDUUDIDV GH YLGUR H FRP LVVR DGTXLULUDP GH]
FRUULGD GH UHYH]DPHQWR  u   PHWURV TXH FXSRQVRXWURJUXSRWURFRXRWULSORGDVJDUUDIDVHD
FRQVLVWHHPXPDSURYDHVSRUWLYDQDTXDORVDWOHWDV PHVPD TXDQWLD GH ODWLQKDV GR SULPHLUR JUXSR
FRUUHP  PHWURV FDGD XP GHOHV VHJXUDQGR XP FRQVHJXLQGRYLQWHFXSRQV
EDVWmR UHSDVVDQGRR GH XP DWOHWD SDUD RXWUR GD 4XDQWDV JDUUDIDV GH YLGUR H TXDQWDV ODWLQKDV
PHVPD HTXLSH UHDOL]DQGR WUrV WURFDV DR ORQJR GR UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHRVHJXQGRJUXSRWURFRX"
SHUFXUVRDWpRTXDUWRDWOHWDTXHFUX]DUiDOLQKDGH 
FKHJDGD FRP R EDVWmR $ HTXLSH JDQKDGRUD D  H
UHDOL]RX D SURYD HP XP WHPSR WRWDO GH  E  H
VHJXQGRV F  H
2 VHJXQGR FRUUHGRU GD HTXLSH JDQKDGRUD FRUUHX G  H
VHXV  PHWURV  VHJXQGRVPDLVUiSLGRGRTXH H  H
RSULPHLURMiRWHUFHLURUHDOL]RXVHXVPHWURV   
VHJXQGRVPDLVUiSLGRTXHRVHJXQGRFRUUHGRUHR  (QHP   (P XPD FDQWLQD R VXFHVVR GH
~OWLPR UHDOL]RX VHX SHUFXUVR HP  GR WHPSR YHQGD QR YHUmR VmR VXFRV SUHSDUDGRV j EDVH GH
UHDOL]DGRSHORSULPHLUR SROSD GH IUXWDV 8P GRV VXFRV PDLV YHQGLGRV p R
4XDO IRL R WHPSR HP VHJXQGR HP TXH R ~OWLPR GHPRUDQJRFRPDFHURODTXHpSUHSDUDGRFRP
DWOHWD GD HTXLSH JDQKDGRUD UHDOL]RX VHX SHUFXUVR GHSROSDGHPRUDQJRHGHSROSDGHDFHUROD
GH  PHWURV" 3DUD R FRPHUFLDQWH DV SROSDV VmR YHQGLGDV HP
 HPEDODJHQV GH LJXDO YROXPH $WXDOPHQWH D
D    HPEDODJHPGDSROSDGHPRUDQJRFXVWD5H
D GH DFHUROD 5  3RUpP HVWi SUHYLVWD XPD
E   
DOWD QR SUHoR GD HPEDODJHP GD SROSD GH DFHUROD
F    QRSUy[LPRPrVSDVVDQGRDFXVWDU5
G    3DUDQmRDXPHQWDURSUHoRGRVXFRRFRPHUFLDQWH
H    QHJRFLRXFRPRIRUQHFHGRUXPDUHGXomRQRSUHoR
 GDHPEDODJHPGDSROSDGHPRUDQJR
 (QHP /LEUDV    3DUD LQFHQWLYDU D $ UHGXomR HP UHDO QR SUHoR GD HPEDODJHP GD
UHFLFODJHP H HYLWDU OL[R HVSDOKDGR GXUDQWH DV SROSDGHPRUDQJRGHYHUiVHUGH
IHVWDV GH ILQDO GH DQR D SUHIHLWXUD GH XPD FLGDGH 
IH] XPD FDPSDQKD FRP VRUWHLR GH SUrPLRV 3DUD D  5
SDUWLFLSDUGRVRUWHLRHUDQHFHVViULRHQWUHJDUFLQFR E  5
ODWLQKDV GH DOXPtQLR RX WUrV JDUUDIDV GH YLGUR F  5
YD]LDV SDUD WHU GLUHLWR D XP FXSRP 8P JUXSR GH G  5
HVWXGDQWHV GH XPD HVFROD WURFRX VXDV ODWLQKDV H H 5  

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 91


 (QHP   9LYHLURV GH ODJRVWDV VmR
FRQVWUXtGRVSRUFRRSHUDWLYDVORFDLVGHSHVFDGRUHV
HPIRUPDWRGHSULVPDVUHWRUHWDQJXODUHVIL[DGRVDR
VRORHFRPWHODVIOH[tYHLVGHPHVPDDOWXUDFDSD]HV
GHVXSRUWDUDFRUURVmRPDULQKD3DUDFDGDYLYHLURD
VHU FRQVWUXtGR D FRRSHUDWLYD XWLOL]D LQWHJUDOPHQWH
  PHWURV OLQHDUHV GHVVD WHOD TXH p XVDGD
DSHQDVQDVODWHUDLV




4XDLV GHYHP VHU RV YDORUHV GH ;  H GH <  HP
PHWUR SDUD TXH D iUHD GD EDVH GR YLYHLUR VHMD
Pi[LPD"

D  H
E  H
F  H
G  H
H  H

GABARITO

% & ' $ %
( & & ' $
' ( ( ( '
% ' % % &
& ' ' $ $
' % & ' &
$ $ ' ' (
$ & ( ' '
( '   


92 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UERJ (QUALIFICAÇÃO)

MATEMÁTICA
EQUAÇÕES, INEQUAÇÕES, FUNÇÕES, POLINÔMIOS E NÚMEROS COMPLEXOS


 8HUM   2V Q~PHURV LQWHLURV [  H \  &RQVLGHUH TXH DSyV R SDJDPHQWR GH  SDUFHODV
VDWLVID]HPjVVHJXLQWHVHTXDo}HV PHQVDLV GH 5   PDLV RV MXURV H WD[DV
 HVWDEHOHFLGRVSHOREDQFRXPFOLHQWHHVSHUDYDTXH
­  VXD GtYLGD UHDO IRVVH UHGX]LGD HP 5 
° [  \  3RUpPDUHGXoăRIRLGH5
®  
°¯ [  \  
(P UHODoăR D 5  R YDORU GH
 5  UHSUHVHQWD XP SHUFHQWXDO TXH HVWi
/RJR [  \ pLJXDOD PDLVSUy[LPRGH
 
D    D  
E    E  
F    F  
G    G  
 
 8HUM 8PQ~PHUR 1 LQWHLURHSRVLWLYRTXH  8HUM   $R VH DSRVHQWDU DRV  DQRV XP
WUDEDOKDGRU UHFHEHX VHX )XQGR GH *DUDQWLD SRU
VDWLVID]jLQHTXDomR 1  1   !  p 7HPSR GH 6HUYLoR )*76  QR YDORU GH
 5  H UHVROYHX GHL[iOR HP XPD
D    DSOLFDomR EDQFiULD UHQGHQGR MXURV FRPSRVWRV GH
E    DRDQRDWpREWHUXPVDOGRGH5
F    6H HVVH UHQGLPHQWR GH  DR DQR QmR PXGDU DR
G    ORQJRGHWRGRVRVDQRVRWUDEDOKDGRUDWLQJLUiVHX
 REMHWLYRDSyV [ DQRV
 8HUM $GPLWDTXHHPGH]HPEURGH 
XPDILOKDWLQKD  DQRVHVHXSDL   &RQVLGHUDQGR ORJ    H ORJ   R
 YDORUPDLVSUy[LPRGH [ p
(PGH]HPEURGHDUD]mRHQWUHDVLGDGHVGD 
ILOKDHGRSDLVHUiGH D  
 E  
 F  
D  G  



E  7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2
 
 62%5(9,9(5(0261$7(55$"
F 
 
 7HQKR LQWHUHVVH SHVVRDO QR WHPSR 3ULPHLUR PHX
G  best-seller FKDPDVHUma breve história do tempo
 
6HJXQGR SRU VHU DOJXpP TXH DRV  DQRV IRL

LQIRUPDGRSHORVPpGLFRVGHTXHWHULDDSHQDVPDLV
 8HUM 
FLQFR DQRV GH YLGD H TXH FRPSOHWRX  DQRV HP

 7HQKR XPD DJXGD H GHVFRQIRUWiYHO
-8526(7$;$6'(),1$1&,$0(1726
FRQVFLrQFLD GD SDVVDJHP GR WHPSR 'XUDQWH D
,02%,/,È5,26(;3/2'(0'Ë9,'$5($/
PDLRUSDUWHGDPLQKDYLGDFRQYLYLFRPDVHQVDomR

GHTXHHVWDYDID]HQGRKRUDH[WUD
2V ILQDQFLDPHQWRV LPRELOLiULRV VXUSUHHQGHP RV

FOLHQWHV$RORQJRGRWHPSRRVMXURVHDVWD[DVGH
3DUHFHTXHQRVVRPXQGRHQIUHQWDXPDLQVWDELOLGDGH
FRUUHoăR PRQHWiULD GH VHXV HPSUpVWLPRV ID]HP
SROtWLFD PDLRU GR TXH HP TXDOTXHU RXWUR PRPHQWR
FRP TXH RV YDORUHV GH VXDV GtYLGDV UHDLV VHMDP
8PDJUDQGHTXDQWLGDGHGHSHVVRDVVHQWHWHUILFDGR
EHPPDLVDOWRVGRTXHRHVSHUDGR(VVHDXPHQWR
SDUDWUiV &RPRUHVXOWDGRWHPRVQRVYROWDGRSDUD
p H[SUHVVR SHOD PHWiIRUD FRQWLGD QR YHUER
SROtWLFRV SRSXOLVWDV FRP H[SHULrQFLD GH JRYHUQR
³H[SORGLU´
OLPLWDGD H FXMD FDSDFLGDGH SDUD WRPDU GHFLV}HV

ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 93


SRQGHUDGDV HP XPD FULVH DLQGD HVWi SDUD VHU WHFQRORJLDV 'HL[DU D 7HUUD H[LJH XPD DERUGDJHP
WHVWDGD $ 7HUUD VRIUH DPHDoDV HP WDQWDV IUHQWHV JOREDOFRPELQDGD±WRGRVGHYHPSDUWLFLSDU
TXH p GLItFLO SHUPDQHFHU RWLPLVWD 2V SHULJRV VmR 
JUDQGHV H QXPHURVRV GHPDLV 2 SODQHWD HVWi 67(3+(1+$:.,1*  $GDSWDGRGH
ILFDQGR SHTXHQR SDUD QyV 1RVVRV UHFXUVRV ItVLFRV Breves respostas para grandes questões
HVWmRVHHVJRWDQGRDXPDYHORFLGDGHDODUPDQWH$ 5LRGH-DQHLUR,QWUtQVHFD
PXGDQoD FOLPiWLFD IRL XPD WUiJLFD GiGLYD KXPDQD 
DR SODQHWD 7HPSHUDWXUDV FDGD YH] PDLV HOHYDGDV  8HUM $GPLWDTXHSDUDHVFRYDURVGHQWHV
UHGXomR GD FDORWD SRODU GHVPDWDPHQWR VHMDQHFHVViULRHPPpGLDOLWURGHiJXD&DVRD
VXSHUSRSXODomR GRHQoDV JXHUUDV IRPH HVFDVVH] WRUQHLUD SHUPDQHoD DEHUWD GXUDQWH WRGD D
GH iJXD H H[WHUPtQLR GH HVSpFLHV WRGRV HVVHV HVFRYDomR VHUmR JDVWRV HP PpGLD  OLWURV
SUREOHPDV SRGHULDP VHU UHVROYLGRV PDV DWp KRMH KDYHQGRGHVSHUGtFLRGHOLWURV
QmR IRUDP 2 DTXHFLPHQWR JOREDO HVWi VHQGR 
FDXVDGR SRU WRGRV QyV 4XHUHPRV DQGDU GH FDUUR &RQVLGHUH XPD IDPtOLD GH TXDWUR SHVVRDV TXH
YLDMDU H GHVIUXWDU XP SDGUmR GH YLGD PHOKRU 0DV HVFRYDPRVGHQWHVWUrVYH]HVDRGLDPDQWHQGRD
TXDQGR DV SHVVRDV VH GHUHP FRQWD GR TXH HVWi WRUQHLUDDEHUWD
DFRQWHFHQGRSRGHVHUWDUGHGHPDLV 
 (PGLDVRGHVSHUGtFLRGHiJXDGHVVDIDPtOLD
(VWDPRV QR OLPLDU GH XP SHUtRGR GH PXGDQoD HPOLWURVVHUiLJXDOD
FOLPiWLFD VHP SUHFHGHQWHV 1R HQWDQWR PXLWRV 
SROtWLFRV QHJDP D PXGDQoD FOLPiWLFD SURYRFDGD D  
SHOR KRPHP RX D FDSDFLGDGH GR KRPHP GH E  
UHYHUWrOD2GHUUHWLPHQWRGDVFDORWDVSRODUHViUWLFD F  
HDQWiUWLFDUHGX]DIUDomRGHHQHUJLDVRODUUHIOHWLGD G  
GH YROWD QR HVSDoR H DXPHQWD DLQGD PDLV D 
WHPSHUDWXUD $ PXGDQoD FOLPiWLFD SRGH GHVWUXLU D  8HUM   $ SRSXODomR GH XPD HVSpFLH DQLPDO
$PD]{QLD H RXWUDV IORUHVWDV WURSLFDLV HOLPLQDQGR ILFDPXOWLSOLFDGDSHORPHVPRIDWRUDSyVLQWHUYDORVGH
XPDGDVSULQFLSDLV IHUUDPHQWDVSDUDD UHPRomRGR WHPSR LJXDLV 1R SHUtRGR GH  D  HVVD
GLy[LGR GH FDUERQR GD DWPRVIHUD $ HOHYDomR GD SRSXODomRSDVVRXGHSDUDLQGLYtGXRV
WHPSHUDWXUDGRVRFHDQRVSRGHSURYRFDUDOLEHUDomR 
GH JUDQGHV TXDQWLGDGHV GH GLy[LGR GH FDUERQR &RQVLGHUH TXH SDUD R PHVPR LQWHUYDOR GH WHPSR
$PERVRVIHQ{PHQRVDXPHQWDULDPRHIHLWRHVWXIDH QRV DQRV VHJXLQWHV R IDWRU SHUPDQHFH FRQVWDQWH
H[DFHUEDULDP R DTXHFLPHQWR JOREDO WRUQDQGR R 2Q~PHURGHLQGLYtGXRVGHVVDSRSXODomRHP
FOLPD HP QRVVR SODQHWD SDUHFLGR FRP R GH 9rQXV VHUiDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHLJXDOD
DWPRVIHUD HVFDOGDQWH H FKXYD iFLGD D XPD 
WHPSHUDWXUD GH  q&  $ YLGD KXPDQD VHULD D  
E  
LPSRVVtYHO 3UHFLVDPRV LU DOpP GR 3URWRFROR GH F  
.\RWR±RDFRUGRLQWHUQDFLRQDODGRWDGRHP±H G  
FRUWDU LPHGLDWDPHQWH DV HPLVV}HV GH FDUERQR 
7HPRV D WHFQRORJLD 6y SUHFLVDPRV GH YRQWDGH  8HUM 
SROtWLFD 

4XDQGR HQIUHQWDPRV FULVHV SDUHFLGDV QR SDVVDGR
KDYLD DOJXP RXWUR OXJDU SDUD FRORQL]DU (VWDPRV
ILFDQGR VHP HVSDoR H R ~QLFR OXJDU SDUD LU VmR
RXWURVPXQGRV7HQKRHVSHUDQoDHIpGHTXHQRVVD
HQJHQKRVD UDoD HQFRQWUDUi XPD PDQHLUD GH
HVFDSDU GRV VRPEULRV JULOK}HV GR SODQHWD H GHVWH
PRGRVREUHYLYHUDRGHVDVWUH$PHVPDSURYLGrQFLD
WDOYH] QmR VHMD SRVVtYHO SDUD RV PLOK}HV GH RXWUDV
HVSpFLHV TXH YLYHP QD 7HUUD H LVVR SHVDUi HP
QRVVDFRQVFLrQFLD

0DV VRPRV SRU QDWXUH]D H[SORUDGRUHV 6RPRV
PRWLYDGRVSHODFXULRVLGDGHHVVDTXDOLGDGHKXPDQD
~QLFD )RL D FXULRVLGDGH REVWLQDGD TXH OHYRX RV
H[SORUDGRUHVDSURYDUTXHD7HUUDQmRHUDSODQDH
pHVVHPHVPRLPSXOVRTXHQRVOHYDDYLDMDUSDUDDV
HVWUHODV QD YHORFLGDGH GR SHQVDPHQWR LQVWLJDQGR
QRVDUHDOPHQWHFKHJDUOi(VHPSUHTXHUHDOL]DPRV
XP JUDQGH VDOWR FRPR QRV SRXVRV OXQDUHV
H[DOWDPRV D KXPDQLGDGH XQLPRV SRYRV H QDo}HV 

LQWURGX]LPRV QRYDV GHVFREHUWDV H QRYDV

94 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


'HDFRUGRFRPDSURMHomRDSUHVHQWDGDQDWDEHOD 2 VHJXQGR SDtV FRP PDLRU DXPHQWR SHUFHQWXDO
QR SHUtRGR GH  D  R SDtV FRP PDLRU VHULD
DXPHQWRSHUFHQWXDOQDSURGXomRGHSHWUyOHRVHULD 
R,UDTXH D  (8$
 E  %UDVLO
 F  &DQDGi
 G  $UiELD6DXGLWD
 


 8HUM 




$SDUWLUGRJUiILFRRDXPHQWRGDPpGLDDQXDOGHGHVHPSUHJDGRVGHSDUDHVWiPDLVSUy[LPRGR
VHJXLQWHSHUFHQWXDO

D   
E   
F   
G   


7(;723$5$$635Ï;,0$648(67®(6 1HVVDFLGDGHRWRWDOGHyELWRVGHYHUiVHULJXDOD


&DVRVGHIHEUHDPDUHODGHVGHRLQtFLRGH D  
E  
ƒ FRQILUPDGRV o  
F  
ƒ VXVSHLWRV o   G  


0RUWHVHQWUHRVFDVRVFRQILUPDGRV   
  8HUM   4XDWUR EDO}HV HVIpULFRV VmR
 8HUM   6XSRQKD TXH WRGRV RV FDVRV SUHHQFKLGRVLVRWHUPLFDPHQWHFRPLJXDOQ~PHURGH
VXVSHLWRVWHQKDPVLGRFRPSURYDGRVHTXHDUD]mR PROV GH XP JiV LGHDO $ WHPSHUDWXUD GR JiV p D
HQWUH R Q~PHUR GH PRUWHV H R GH FDVRV PHVPD QRV EDO}HV TXH DSUHVHQWDP DV VHJXLQWHV
FRQILUPDGRVSHUPDQHoDDPHVPD PHGLGDVGHUDLR
1HVVH FDVR FRP DV QRYDV FRPSURYDo}HV GD 
GRHQoD R Q~PHUR WRWDO GH PRUWRV SRU IHEUH %DOmR 5DLR
DPDUHODHVWDULDPDLVSUy[LPRGH , 5

,, 5 
D   
E    ,,, 5 
F    ,9 5  
G    
 $SUHVVmRGRJiVpPDLRUQREDOmRGHQ~PHUR
 8HUM   $GPLWD TXH HP IXQomR GD 
GLVVHPLQDomR GD IHEUH DPDUHOD R SHUFHQWXDO GH D  ,
PRUWDOLGDGHGHRFRUUDHPXPDFLGDGHGH E  ,,
PLO KDELWDQWHV RQGH  GD SRSXODomR IRUDP F  ,,,
LQIHFWDGRVSRUHVVDGRHQoD G  ,9


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 95




 8HUM   2V YHtFXORV SDUD WUDQVSRUWH GH SDVVDJHLURV HP GHWHUPLQDGR PXQLFtSLR WrP YLGD ~WLO TXH
YDULDHQWUH  H  DQRVGHSHQGHQGRGRWLSRGHYHtFXOR1RVJUiILFRVHVWiUHSUHVHQWDGDDGHVYDORUL]DomR
GHTXDWURGHVVHVYHtFXORVDRORQJRGRVDQRVDSDUWLUGHVXDFRPSUDQDIiEULFD




&RPEDVHQRVJUiILFRVRYHtFXORTXHPDLVGHVYDORUL]RXSRUDQRIRL

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9


 8HUM   8PD KHUDQoD IRL GLYLGLGD HP  8HUM 1RPDSDPHQVDOGHXPKRVSLWDOIRL
H[DWDPHQWH GXDV SDUWHV [ TXH p LQYHUVDPHQWH UHJLVWUDGRRWRWDOGHFLUXUJLDVRUWRSpGLFDVVHQGR
SURSRUFLRQDO D  H \ TXH p LQYHUVDPHQWH HPKRPHQVFRQIRUPHRVJUiILFRVDEDL[R
SURSRUFLRQDOD 
$ SDUWH [ p LJXDO D XPD IUDomR GD KHUDQoD TXH
HTXLYDOHD


D 


E 


F 
 


G 




 

 'H DFRUGR FRP HVVHV GDGRV R Q~PHUR WRWDO GH
 FLUXUJLDVGHIrPXUUHDOL]DGDVHPPXOKHUHVIRL
 
 D  
 E  
 F  
 G  


96 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


 8HUM   $V IDUPiFLDV : H < DGTXLUHP GH IUDWXUD TXH p H[DWDPHQWH R HQFRQWUDGR HP
GHWHUPLQDGR SURGXWR FRP LJXDO SUHoR GH FXVWR $ /XF\8VDQGRUDFLRFtQLRVFRPRHVVHRVFLHQWLVWDV
IDUPiFLD:YHQGHHVVHSURGXWRFRPGHOXFUR IRUDPFDSD]HVGHH[SOLFDUWRGDVDVIUDWXUDVDSDUWLU
VREUHRSUHoRGHFXVWR1DIDUPiFLD<RSUHoRGH GD KLSyWHVH GH TXH /XF\ FDLX GR DOWR GH XPD
YHQGD GR SURGXWR p  PDLV FDUR GR TXH QD iUYRUHGHSpVHLQFOLQRXSDUDIUHQWHHDPRUWL]RXD
IDUPiFLD: TXHGDFRPREUDoR

 8PD TXHGD GH  D  PHWURV H /XF\ DWLQJLULD R
2 OXFUR GD IDUPiFLD < HP UHODomR DR SUHoR GH VRORDNPKRVXILFLHQWHSDUDPDWDUXPDSHVVRD
FXVWRpGH H FDXVDU HVVH WLSR GH IUDWXUD &RPR H[LVWLDP
 iUYRUHV GHVVD DOWXUD RQGH /XF\ YLYLD H PXLWRV
D   FKLPSDQ]pV VREHP DWp  PHWURV SDUD FRPHU
E   XPDTXHGDFRPRHVVDpIiFLOGHLPDJLQDU
F   $FRQFOXVmRpTXH/XF\PRUUHXDRFDLUGDiUYRUH
G   ( VH FDLX HUD SRUTXH HVWDYD Oi HP FLPD ( VH
 HVWDYD Oi HP FLPD HUD SRUTXH VDELD VXELU (QILP
7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2 VXJHUHTXH/XF\KDELWDYDiUYRUHV
 0DV QD PLQKD PHQWH ILFRX XPD G~YLGD 4XDQGR
/XF\FDLXGDiUYRUH FULDQoD HX VXELD HP iUYRUHV ( HUD SRU QmR
 VHUPRV JUDQGHV HVFDODGRUHV GH iUYRUHV TXH HX H
&RQWDDOHQGDTXHQDQRLWHGHGHQRYHPEURGH PHXV DPLJRV YLYtDPRV FDLQGR DOJXQV TXHEUDQGR
DVHVWUHODVEULOKDYDPQDEHLUDGRULR$ZDVK EUDoRV H SHUQDV 6HUi TXH /XF\ PRUUHX
QR LQWHULRU GD (WLySLD 8P JUDYDGRU . UHSHWLD D H[DWDPHQWH SRU WHQWDU ID]HU DOJR TXH Mi QmR HUD
P~VLFD GRV %HDWOHV ³/XF\ LQ WKH 6N\ ZLWK QDWXUDOSDUDVXDHVSpFLH"
'LDPRQGV´,QVSLUDGRVRVSDOHRQWyORJRVGHFLGLUDP 
TXH D IrPHD $/  FXMR HVTXHOHWR KDYLD VLGR )HUQDQGR5HLQDFK
HVFDYDGR QDTXHOD WDUGH VHULD DSHOLGDGD DGDSWDGRGHO Estado de S. Paulo
FDULQKRVDPHQWHGH/XF\ 
/XF\WLQKDPHSHVDYDNJ$OWXUDHSHVRGH  8HUM   /XF\ PRUUHX Ki  PLOK}HV GH
XP FKLPSDQ]p 0DV QmR VH LOXGD /XF\ QmR DQRVHRWHPSRGHH[LVWrQFLDGDHVSpFLHKXPDQDp
SHUWHQFHjOLQKDJHPTXHGHXRULJHPDRVPDFDFRV GH  PLO DQRV 3DUD FRPSDUDU HVVHV LQWHUYDORV
PRGHUQRV (OD Mi DQGDYD HUHWD VREUH RV PHPEURV GH WHPSR DGPLWD XPD HVFDOD OLQHDU QD TXDO 
LQIHULRUHV /XF\ SHUWHQFH j OLQKDJHP TXH GHX PLOK}HVGHDQRVFRUUHVSRQGHPDPHWURV
RULJHP DR DQLPDO TXH HVFUHYH HVWD FU{QLFD H DR 
DQLPDOTXHDHVWiOHQGRHXHYRFr 1HVVD HVFDOD R WHPSR GH H[LVWrQFLD GD HVSpFLH
2VRVVRVIRUDPGDWDGRV/XF\PRUUHXPLOK}HV KXPDQDHPFHQWtPHWURVpLJXDOD
GH DQRV DWUiV (OD YLYHX  PLOK}HV GH DQRV DQWHV 
GR DSDUHFLPHQWR GRV SULPHLURV DQLPDLV GR QRVVR D  
JrQHUR R Homo habilis $ HQRUPLGDGH GH  E  
PLOK}HV GH DQRV VHSDUD /XF\ GRV PDLV DQWLJRV F  
HVTXHOHWRVGHQRVVDHVSpFLHRHomo sapiensTXH G  
VXUJLXQRSODQHWDID]PHURVPLODQRV/XF\GD 
HVSpFLH Australopithecus afarensis p XPD  8HUM 1RSODQRFDUWHVLDQRDVHJXLUHVWmR
UHSUHVHQWDQWH GDV PXLWDV HVSpFLHV TXH H[LVWLUDP UHSUHVHQWDGRV R JUiILFR GD IXQomR GHILQLGD SRU
QD pSRFD HPTXHDOLQKDJHPTXHGHXRULJHPDRV I [ [     FRP [  ,5 H RV YpUWLFHV GRV
KRPHQV PRGHUQRV VH VHSDURX GD TXH GHX RULJHP
TXDGUDGRVDGMDFHQWHV$%&'H'013
DRV PDFDFRV PRGHUQRV /XF\ Mi IRL FKDPDGD GH

HORSHUGLGRRSRQWRGHELIXUFDomRTXHQRVVHSDURX
GRVQRVVRVSDUHQWHVPDLVSUy[LPRV
8PDGDVSULQFLSDLVG~YLGDVVREUHDYLGDGH/XF\p
D VHJXLQWH HOD Mi HUD XP DQLPDO WHUUHVWUH FRPR
QyVRXDLQGDVXELDHPiUYRUHV"

0XLWRV RVVRV GH /XF\ IRUDP HQFRQWUDGRV
TXHEUDGRVVHXVIUDJPHQWRVHVSDOKDGRVSHORFKmR
$Wp DJRUD VH DFUHGLWDYD TXH LVVR VH GHYLD DR
SURFHVVR GH IRVVLOL]DomR H jV GLYHUVDV IRUoDV jV
TXDLVHVVHVRVVRVKDYLDPVLGRVXEPHWLGRV0DVRV
FLHQWLVWDV UHVROYHUDP HVWXGDU HP GHWDOKHV DV
IUDWXUDV
$V IUDWXUDV SULQFLSDOPHQWH QR EUDoR VmR GH
FRPSUHVVmRDTXHODTXHRFRUUHTXDQGRFDtPRVGH 
XP ORFDO DOWR H DSRLDPRV RV PHPEURV SDUD 
DPRUWHFHUDTXHGD1HVVHFDVRDIRUoDpH[HUFLGD 
DRORQJRGRHL[RPDLRUGRRVVRFDXVDQGRXPWLSR 

ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 97


2EVHUYHTXH%H3VmRSRQWRVGRJUiILFRGDIXQomR  8HUM   8P DQHO FRQWpP   JUDPDV GH
I H TXH $ % ' H 0 VmR SRQWRV GRV HL[RV RXUR  TXLODWHV ,VVR VLJQLILFD TXH R DQHO FRQWpP
FRRUGHQDGRV  J GH RXUR SXUR H  J GH XPD OLJD PHWiOLFD
 6DEHVH TXH R RXUR p FRQVLGHUDGR  TXLODWHV VH
'HVVH PRGR D iUHD GR SROtJRQR $%&310 KiDSURSRUomRGHJGHRXURSXURSDUDJGHOLJD
IRUPDGRSHODXQLmRGRVGRLVTXDGUDGRVp PHWiOLFD
 
D   3DUDWUDQVIRUPDUHVVHDQHOGHRXURTXLODWHVHP
E   RXWUR GH  TXLODWHV p SUHFLVR DFUHVFHQWDU D
F   VHJXLQWHTXDQWLGDGHHPJUDPDVGHRXURSXUR
G   
 D  
 E  
 F  
 G  
 


 8HUM 3DUDFRPEDWHUDVXEQXWULomRLQIDQWLOIRLGHVHQYROYLGDXPDPLVWXUDDOLPHQWtFLDFRPSRVWDSRU
WUrV WLSRV GH VXSOHPHQWRV DOLPHQWDUHV , ,, H ,,, (VVHV VXSOHPHQWRV SRU VXD YH] FRQWrP GLIHUHQWHV
FRQFHQWUDo}HV GH WUrV QXWULHQWHV $ % H & 2EVHUYH DV WDEHODV D VHJXLU TXH LQGLFDP D FRQFHQWUDomR GH
QXWULHQWHVQRVVXSOHPHQWRVHDSRUFHQWDJHPGHVXSOHPHQWRVQDPLVWXUDUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH

&RQFHQWUDomRGRV6XSOHPHQWRV
$OLPHQWDUHV J NJ   6XSOHPHQWR 4XDQWLGDGHQD
1XWULHQWH 0LVWXUD  
$OLPHQWDU
, ,, ,,, 
$     , 
%        ,, 
&        ,,, 

$TXDQWLGDGHGRQXWULHQWH&HP J NJ HQFRQWUDGDQDPLVWXUDDOLPHQWtFLDpLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  


 8HUM (PXPDDWLYLGDGHFRPVXDWXUPD 2FDUWmRTXHRDOXQRSHJRXFRQWpPRVDOJDULVPRV
XP SURIHVVRU XWLOL]RX   FDUW}HV FDGD XP FRP FXMDVRPD[\p
GRLV DOJDULVPRV [ H \ LJXDLV RX GLVWLQWRV 
SHUWHQFHQWHV DR FRQMXQWR ^       `  $ D   
LPDJHPDEDL[RUHSUHVHQWDXPWLSRGHVVHFDUWmR E   
 F   
G   

 8HUM 2EVHUYHDIXQomR I GHILQLGDSRU


 I [ [   N[   SDUD [  \ 
8P DOXQR HVFROKHX XP ~QLFR FDUWmR H HIHWXRX DV 
VHJXLQWHVRSHUDo}HVHPVHTXrQFLD 6H I [ t   SDUD WRGR Q~PHUR UHDO [  R YDORU

, PXOWLSOLFRX XP GRV DOJDULVPRV GR FDUWmR PtQLPRGDIXQomRI p
HVFROKLGRSRU $VVLPRYDORUSRVLWLYRGRSDUkPHWUR N p
,, DFUHVFHQWRXXQLGDGHVDRSURGXWRREWLGRHP, 
D  
,,, PXOWLSOLFRXRWRWDOREWLGRHP,,SRU  
E  
,9 VRPRX R FRQVHFXWLYR GR RXWUR DOJDULVPR GR F  
FDUWmRDRUHVXOWDGRREWLGRHP,,, G  
 
$R ILQDO GHVVDV RSHUDo}HV REWHYHVH QR VLVWHPD 
GHFLPDORQ~PHUR

98 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


 8HUM 8PIDEULFDQWHSURGX]HPEDODJHQV ƒ jYLVWDQRYDORUGH 5  
GHYROXPHLJXDOD  OLWURVQRIRUPDWRGHXPSULVPD ƒ HPGXDVSDUFHODVIL[DVGH 5  VHQGRD
UHWR FRP EDVH TXDGUDGD GH DUHVWD D H DOWXUD K 
SULPHLUD SDJD QR DWR GD FRPSUD H D VHJXQGD
9LVDQGRjUHGXomRGHFXVWRVDiUHDVXSHUILFLDOGD GLDVGHSRLV
HPEDODJHP p D PHQRU SRVVtYHO 1HVVH FDVR R 
YDORUGH D FRUUHVSRQGHHPGHFtPHWURVjUDL]UHDO $ WD[D GH MXURV PHQVDO SDUD SDJDPHQWRV QmR
GDVHJXLQWHHTXDomR HIHWXDGRVQRDWRGDFRPSUDpGH
 
 D  
D   E  
D F  
 G  
$VPHGLGDVGDHPEDODJHPHPGHFtPHWURVVmR 
  8HUM 8PtQGLFHGHLQIODomRGH  HP
D  D  K   XP GHWHUPLQDGR SHUtRGR GH WHPSR LQGLFD TXH HP
E  D  K   PpGLD RV SUHoRV DXPHQWDUDP   QHVVH
F  D  K   SHUtRGR 8P WUDEDOKDGRU TXH DQWHV SRGLD FRPSUDU
XPD TXDQWLGDGH ; GH SURGXWRV FRP D LQIODomR H
G  D  K   VHP DXPHQWR VDODULDO Vy SRGHUi FRPSUDU DJRUD
 XPD TXDQWLGDGH < GRV PHVPRV SURGXWRV VHQGR
 8HUM (PXPVLVWHPDGHFRGLILFDomR $%  <;
UHSUHVHQWDRVDOJDULVPRVGRGLDGRQDVFLPHQWRGH &RP D LQIODomR GH  D SHUGD GR SRGHU GH
XPD SHVVRD H &'  RV DOJDULVPRV GH VHX PrV GH FRPSUDGHVVHWUDEDOKDGRUpGH
QDVFLPHQWR 1HVVH VLVWHPD D GDWD WULQWD GH MXOKR 
SRUH[HPSORFRUUHVSRQGHULDD D  
 E  
$   %  &  '  F  
 G  
$GPLWD XPD SHVVRD FXMD GDWD GH QDVFLPHQWR 
REHGHoDjVHJXLQWHFRQGLomR  8HUM 1R%UDVLORLPSRVWRGHUHQGDGHYH
 VHU SDJR GH DFRUGR FRP R JDQKR PHQVDO GRV
$  %  &  '   FRQWULEXLQWHV FRP EDVH HP XPD WDEHOD GH
 GHVFRQWRV SHUFHQWXDLV (VVHV GHVFRQWRV LQFLGHP
2PrVGHQDVFLPHQWRGHVVDSHVVRDp SURJUHVVLYDPHQWH VREUH FDGD SDUFHOD GR YDORU
 WRWDO GR JDQKR GHQRPLQDGDV EDVH GH FiOFXOR GH
D  DJRVWR DFRUGRFRPDWDEHODDVHJXLU
E  VHWHPEUR 
F  RXWXEUR %DVHGHFiOFXOR 'HVFRQWR
G  QRYHPEUR DSUR[LPDGD 5  
 DWp   ,VHQWR
 8HUM   1R DQR OHWLYR GH  HP XPD GH  DWp   
WXUPD GH   DOXQRV   HUDP PHQLQDV 1HVVD
GH  DWp   
WXUPD DR ILQDO GR DQR WRGDV DV PHQLQDV IRUDP
DSURYDGDVHDOJXQVPHQLQRVIRUDPUHSURYDGRV(P GH DWp   
 QHQKXP DOXQR QRYR IRL PDWULFXODGR H WRGRV DFLPDGH   
RV DSURYDGRV FRQILUPDUDP VXDV PDWUtFXODV &RP 
HVVDQRYDFRPSRVLomRHPDWXUPDSDVVRXD 6HJXQGR D WDEHOD XP JDQKR PHQVDO GH
WHU  GHPHQLQRV 5  FRUUHVSRQGHD5GHLPSRVWR
 $GPLWD XP FRQWULEXLQWH FXMR JDQKR WRWDO HP
2Q~PHURGHPHQLQRVDSURYDGRVHPIRLLJXDOD GHWHUPLQDGRPrVWHQKDVLGRGH5
 3DUD HIHLWR GR FiOFXOR SURJUHVVLYR GR LPSRVWR
D    GHYHVHFRQVLGHUDUHVVHYDORUIRUPDGRSRU
E    WUrVSDUFHODV55H5
F    
G    2 LPSRVWR GH UHQGD HPUHDLV TXH GHYHVHU SDJR
 QHVVHPrVVREUHRJDQKRWRWDOpDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
 8HUM   1D FRPSUD GH XP IRJmR RV LJXDOD
FOLHQWHV SRGHP RSWDU SRU XPD GDV VHJXLQWHV 
IRUPDVGHSDJDPHQWR D  
 E  
 F  
G  

ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 99


 8HUM   8P WULkQJXOR HTXLOiWHUR SRVVXL $GPLWDTXH ; H < UHSUHVHQWHPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
SHUtPHWUR 3 HP PHWURV H iUHD $ HP PHWURV  
TXDGUDGRV2VYDORUHVGH3H$YDULDPGHDFRUGR RVQ~PHURV H  
 
FRPDPHGLGDGRODGRGRWULkQJXOR


2SRQWR'UHSUHVHQWDRVHJXLQWHQ~PHUR
'HVFRQVLGHUDQGR DV XQLGDGHV GH PHGLGD D

H[SUHVVmR <  3 ± $ LQGLFD R YDORU GD GLIHUHQoD
HQWUHRVQ~PHURV3H$ 
D 
 
2PDLRUYDORUGH<pLJXDOD 
E 
 
D     
F 
E     
F     
G 
G     
 
 8HUM   8HUM 1DLPDJHPGDHWLTXHWDLQIRUPDVH
 RYDORUDVHUSDJRSRUNJGHSHLWRGHSHUX




2YDORUHPUHDLVGHXPTXLORJUDPDGHVVHSURGXWR
pLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  

 8HUM   &RQVLGHUH XPD PHUFDGRULD TXH
WHYH VHX SUHoR HOHYDGR GH [ UHDLV SDUD \ UHDLV
3DUD VDEHU R SHUFHQWXDO GH DXPHQWR XP FOLHQWH
GLYLGLX \ SRU [ REWHQGR TXRFLHQWH LJXDO D  H
 UHVWRLJXDOD]HUR
 
'H DFRUGR FRP RV GDGRV GR TXDGULQKR D (PUHODomRDRYDORUGH[RDXPHQWRSHUFHQWXDOp
SHUVRQDJHPJDVWRX5QDFRPSUDGH[ORWHV HTXLYDOHQWHD
GHPDom\PHO}HVHTXDWURG~]LDVGHEDQDQDVHP 
XPWRWDOGHXQLGDGHVGHIUXWDV D  
 E  
'HVVH WRWDO R Q~PHUR GH XQLGDGHV GH PDomV F  
FRPSUDGRIRLLJXDOD G  

D  
E   GABARITO
F   
G   $ ' % % &

% ' % ' &
 8HUM   2 VHJPHQWR ;< LQGLFDGR QD UHWD
QXPpULFD DEDL[R HVWi GLYLGLGR HP GH] VHJPHQWRV % % % $ &
FRQJUXHQWHVSHORVSRQWRV$%&'()*+H, $ ' ' % '
 ' $ ' % &
& $ % % &

 ' ' &  


100 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO ENEM (2.º DIA)

MATEMÁTICA
GRANDEZAS PROPORCIONAIS E MATEMÁTICA FINANCEIRA


 (QHP   2V H[HUFtFLRV ItVLFRV VmR  (QHP33/ 1DDQHVWHVLDSHULGXUDOFRPR
UHFRPHQGDGRV SDUD R ERP IXQFLRQDPHQWR GR D XVDGD QRV SDUWRV R PpGLFR DQHVWHVLVWD SUHFLVD
RUJDQLVPR SRLV DFHOHUDP R PHWDEROLVPR H HP LQWURGX]LU XPD DJXOKD QDV FRVWDV GR SDFLHQWH TXH
FRQVHTXrQFLD HOHYDP R FRQVXPR GH FDORULDV 1R DWUDYHVVDUiYiULDVFDPDGDVGHWHFLGRDWpFKHJDUD
JUiILFR HVWmR UHJLVWUDGRV RV YDORUHV FDOyULFRV HP XPDUHJLmRHVWUHLWDFKDPDGDHVSDoRHSLGXUDOTXH
NFDO  JDVWRV HP FLQFR GLIHUHQWHV DWLYLGDGHV ItVLFDV HQYROYH D PHGXOD HVSLQKDO $ DJXOKD p XVDGD SDUD
LQMHWDUXPOtTXLGRDQHVWpVLFRHDIRUoDTXHGHYHVHU
HP IXQomR GR WHPSR GHGLFDGR jV DWLYLGDGHV DSOLFDGDjDJXOKDSDUDID]rODDYDQoDUDWUDYpVGRV
FRQWDGRHPPLQXWR WHFLGRVpYDULiYHO

$ ILJXUD p XP JUiILFR GR PyGXOR )  GD IRUoD HP
QHZWRQ HPIXQomRGRGHVORFDPHQWR [ GDSRQWDGD
DJXOKD HP PLOtPHWUR  GXUDQWH XPD DQHVWHVLD
SHULGXUDOWtSLFD
&RQVLGHUH TXH D YHORFLGDGH GH SHQHWUDomR GD
DJXOKD GHYD VHU D PHVPD GXUDQWH D DSOLFDomR GD
DQHVWHVLD H TXH D IRUoD DSOLFDGD j DJXOKD SHOR
PpGLFR DQHVWHVLVWD HP FDGD SRQWR GHYH VHU
SURSRUFLRQDOjUHVLVWrQFLDQDTXHOHSRQWR



4XDOGHVVDVDWLYLGDGHVItVLFDVSURSRUFLRQDRPDLRU
FRQVXPRGHTXLORFDORULDVSRUPLQXWR"


D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9
H  9

 (QHP 33/   3DUD D FRPSUD GH XP
UHSHOHQWHHOHWU{QLFRXPDSHVVRDIH]XPDSHVTXLVD
QRV PHUFDGRV GH VHX EDLUUR &DGD WLSR GH 
UHSHOHQWH SHVTXLVDGR WUD] HVFULWR QR UyWXOR GD


&RPEDVHQDVLQIRUPDo}HVDSUHVHQWDGDVDPDLRU
HPEDODJHP DV LQIRUPDoĘHV TXDQWR Ě GXUDoăR HP
UHVLVWrQFLDjIRUoDDSOLFDGDREVHUYDVHDRORQJRGR
GLDDVVRFLDGDĚTXDQWLGDGHGHKRUDVGHXWLOL]DoăR
VHJPHQWR
SRU GLD (VVDV LQIRUPDoĘHV H R SUHoR SRU XQLGDGH 
IRUDPUHSUHVHQWDGRVQRTXDGUR D  $%
 E  )*
'XUDoăR +RUDVSRUGLD 3UHoR F  ()
7LSR
HPGLD GHXWLOL]DoăR HPUHDO
G  *+
,   
,,   
H  +,
,,,    
,9     (QHP 33/   (P XP WUDEDOKR HVFRODU XP
9    DOXQR IH] XPD SODQWD GR VHX EDLUUR XWLOL]DQGR D
 HVFDOD  VHQGR TXH DV TXDGUDV SRVVXHP DV
$SHVVRDFRPSUDUiDTXHOHTXHDSUHVHQWDURPHQRU PHVPDVPHGLGDVFRQIRUPHDILJXUD
FXVWRGLiULRTXDQGROLJDGRGXUDQWHKRUDVSRUGLD 
1HVVDVFRQGLoĘHVRUHSHOHQWHHOHWU{QLFRTXHHVVD
SHVVRDFRPSUDUipGRWLSR

D ,
E ,,
F ,,,
G ,9

H 9

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 101


2 SURIHVVRU FRQVWDWRX TXH R DOXQR HVTXHFHX GH &RQVLGHUH TXH U  UHSUHVHQWD R UDLR GR FtUFXOR QR
FRORFDUDPHGLGDGRFRPSULPHQWRGDSRQWHQDSODQWD SULPHLUR GLD 4  D TXDQWLGDGH GH EDFWpULDV QHVVD
PDVIRLLQIRUPDGRSRUHOHTXHHODPHGLDP FXOWXUDQRGHFRUUHUGRWHPSRHGRQ~PHURGHGLDV
2 YDORU D VHU FRORFDGR QD SODQWD HP FHQWtPHWUR WUDQVFRUULGRV
UHIHUHQWHDRFRPSULPHQWRGDSRQWHGHYHVHU 
 4XDO p D H[SUHVVmR TXH UHSUHVHQWD 4  HP IXQomR
D   GH U H G" 
E   
F   D 4   GU Ɏ 
G  

H   E 4   GU Ɏ 

 (QHP 33/   3DUD FHUWDV PRODV D 
F 4   G   U Ɏ 
FRQVWDQWHHOiVWLFD & GHSHQGHGRGLkPHWURPpGLR
GD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GD PROD '   GR Q~PHUR GH G 4  u   GUɎ 
HVSLUDLV~WHLV 1  GRGLkPHWUR G GRILRGHPHWDO H 4  u   G   U Ɏ 
GR TXDO p IRUPDGD D PROD H GR PyGXOR GH 
HODVWLFLGDGH GR PDWHULDO *   $ IyUPXOD HYLGHQFLD  (QHP   2 iOFRRO p XP GHSUHVVRU GR
HVVDVUHODo}HVGHGHSHQGrQFLD VLVWHPD QHUYRVR FHQWUDO H DJH GLUHWDPHQWH HP
 GLYHUVRV yUJmRV $ FRQFHQWUDomR GH iOFRRO QR
VDQJXH SRGH VHU HQWHQGLGD FRPR D UD]mR HQWUH D
* ˜ G TXDQWLGDGH T  GH iOFRRO LQJHULGR PHGLGD HP
& 
 ˜ ' ˜ 1 JUDPDHRYROXPHGHVDQJXHHPOLWURSUHVHQWHQR
 RUJDQLVPR GR LQGLYtGXR (P JHUDO FRQVLGHUDVH
2 GRQR GH XPD IiEULFD SRVVXL XPD PROD 0  HP TXH HVVH YROXPH FRUUHVSRQGD DR YDORU QXPpULFR
XPGHVHXVHTXLSDPHQWRVTXHWHPFDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GDGR SRU   GD PDVVD FRUSRUDO P  GHVVH
' G 1  H *  FRP XPD FRQVWDQWH HOiVWLFD & LQGLYtGXRPHGLGDHPTXLORJUDPD
(VVD PROD SUHFLVD VHU VXEVWLWXtGD SRU RXWUD 0 'H DFRUGR FRP D $VVRFLDomR 0pGLFD $PHULFDQD
SURGX]LGDFRPRXWURPDWHULDOHFRPFDUDFWHUtVWLFDV XPD FRQFHQWUDomR DOFRyOLFD VXSHULRU D   JUDPD
GLIHUHQWHVEHPFRPRXPDQRYDFRQVWDQWHHOiVWLFD SRU OLWUR GH VDQJXH p FDSD] GH WUD]HU SUHMXt]RV j
' VD~GHGRLQGLYtGXR
& GD VHJXLQWH PDQHLUD ,  '   ,,  G G  
 'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSFLVDRUJEU
,,,  1 1  $OpP GLVVR D FRQVWDQWH GH $FHVVRHPGH] DGDSWDGR 
HODVWLFLGDGH*GRQRYRPDWHULDOpLJXDOD* 
 $H[SUHVVmRUHODFLRQDQGR T H P TXHUHSUHVHQWDD
2YDORUGDFRQVWDQWH&HPIXQomRGDFRQVWDQWH& FRQFHQWUDomR DOFRyOLFD SUHMXGLFLDO j VD~GH GR
p LQGLYtGXR GH DFRUGR FRP D $VVRFLDomR 0pGLFD
 $PHULFDQDp
D  &  ˜ &  
E  &  ˜ &  T
D !  
F  &  ˜ &  P
 P
G  & ˜ &  E !  
 T
 T
H  & ˜ &  F !  
 P
 P
 (QHP 33/    8PD HTXLSH GH FLHQWLVWDV G !  
T
GHFLGLXLQLFLDUXPDFXOWXUDFRPH[HPSODUHVGHXPD
EDFWpULD HP XPD OkPLQD D ILP GH GHWHUPLQDU R T
H !  
FRPSRUWDPHQWR GHVVD SRSXODomR $SyV DOJXQV P
GLDVRVFLHQWLVWDVYHULILFDUDPRVVHJXLQWHVIDWRV 
  (QHP (PXPMRJRRQOLQHFDGDMRJDGRU
ƒ D FXOWXUD FUHVFHX H RFXSRX XPD iUHD FRP R SURFXUDVXELUGHQtYHOHDXPHQWDUVXDH[SHULrQFLD
IRUPDWRGHXPFtUFXOR TXHVmRGRLVSDUkPHWURVLPSRUWDQWHVQRMRJRGRV
ƒ R UDLR GR FtUFXOR IRUPDGR SHOD FXOWXUD GH TXDLV GHSHQGHP DV IRUoDV GH GHIHVD H GH DWDTXH
EDFWpULDVDXPHQWRX  DFDGDGLD GRSDUWLFLSDQWH$IRUoDGHGHIHVDGHFDGDMRJDGRU
ƒ D FRQFHQWUDomR QD FXOWXUD HUD GH   p GLUHWDPHQWH SURSRUFLRQDO DR VHX QtYHO H DR
EDFWpULDVSRUPLOtPHWURTXDGUDGRHQmRPXGRX TXDGUDGR GH VXD H[SHULrQFLD HQTXDQWR VXD IRUoD
VLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWHFRPRWHPSR GH DWDTXH p GLUHWDPHQWH SURSRUFLRQDO j VXD

102 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


H[SHULrQFLD H DR TXDGUDGR GR VHX QtYHO 1HQKXP 2 YDORU PDLV SUy[LPR GD PHGLGD GR GLkPHWUR GD
MRJDGRUVDEHRQtYHORXDH[SHULrQFLDGRVGHPDLV VHJXQGD FDWUDFD HP FHQWtPHWUR H FRP XPD FDVD
2V MRJDGRUHV LQLFLDP R MRJR QR QtYHO  FRP GHFLPDOp
H[SHULrQFLD  H SRVVXHP IRUoD GH DWDTXH  H GH 
GHIHVD  1HVVH MRJR FDGD SDUWLFLSDQWH VH D   
PRYLPHQWD HP XPD FLGDGH HP EXVFD GH WHVRXURV E   
SDUDDXPHQWDUVXDH[SHULrQFLD4XDQGRGRLVGHOHV
F   
VHHQFRQWUDPXPGHOHVSRGHGHVDILDURRXWURSDUD
XP FRQIURQWR VHQGR R GHVDILDQWH FRQVLGHUDGR R G   
DWDFDQWH &RPSDUDVH HQWmR D IRUoD GH DWDTXH GR H   
GHVDILDQWH FRP D IRUoD GH GHIHVD GR GHVDILDGR H 
YHQFH R FRQIURQWR DTXHOH FXMD IRUoD IRU PDLRU 2  (QHP 3DUDFRQWUDWDUWUrVPiTXLQDVTXH
YHQFHGRU GR GHVDILR DXPHQWD VHX QtYHO HP XPD IDUmR R UHSDUR GH YLDV UXUDLV GH XP PXQLFtSLR D
XQLGDGH&DVRKDMDHPSDWHQRFRQIURQWRDPERVRV SUHIHLWXUD HODERURX XP HGLWDO TXH HQWUH RXWUDV
MRJDGRUHVDXPHQWDPVHXVQtYHLVHPXPDXQLGDGH FOiXVXODVSUHYLD
'XUDQWH XP MRJR R MRJDGRU -  GH QtYHO  H 
H[SHULrQFLDLUiDWDFDURMRJDGRU -  GHQtYHOH ƒ &DGD HPSUHVD LQWHUHVVDGD Vy SRGH FDGDVWUDU
H[SHULrQFLD XPD~QLFDPiTXLQDSDUDFRQFRUUHUDRHGLWDO
 ƒ 2WRWDOGHUHFXUVRVGHVWLQDGRVSDUDFRQWUDWDUR
FRQMXQWR GDV WUrV PiTXLQDV p GH
2 MRJDGRU -  YHQFHX HVVH FRQIURQWR SRUTXH D
5  
GLIHUHQoD HQWUH VXD IRUoD GH DWDTXH H D IRUoD GH
GHIHVDGHVHXRSRQHQWHHUD ƒ 2 YDORU D VHU SDJR D FDGD HPSUHVD VHUi
 LQYHUVDPHQWH SURSRUFLRQDO j LGDGH GH XVR GD
PiTXLQD FDGDVWUDGD SHOD HPSUHVD SDUD R
D   
SUHVHQWHHGLWDO
E   

F    $VWUrVHPSUHVDVYHQFHGRUDVGRHGLWDOFDGDVWUDUDP
G    PiTXLQDVFRPHDQRVGHLGDGHGHXVR
H    4XDQWR UHFHEHUi D HPSUHVD TXH FDGDVWURX D
 PiTXLQDFRPPDLRULGDGHGHXVR"
 (QHP   8P FLFOLVWD TXHU PRQWDU XP 
VLVWHPD GH PDUFKDV XVDQGR GRLV GLVFRV GHQWDGRV D  5  
QD SDUWH WUDVHLUD GH VXD ELFLFOHWD FKDPDGRV
E  5  
FDWUDFDV $ FRURD p R GLVFR GHQWDGR TXH p
PRYLPHQWDGRSHORVSHGDLVGDELFLFOHWDVHQGRTXH F  5  
D FRUUHQWH WUDQVPLWH HVVH PRYLPHQWR jV FDWUDFDV G  5  
TXH ILFDP SRVLFLRQDGDV QD URGD WUDVHLUD GD
H  5  
ELFLFOHWD $V GLIHUHQWHV PDUFKDV ILFDP GHILQLGDV
SHORV GLIHUHQWHV GLkPHWURV GDV FDWUDFDV TXH VmR 
PHGLGRVFRQIRUPHLQGLFDomRQDILJXUD  (QHP   &RPXP HP ODQoDPHQWRV GH
 HPSUHHQGLPHQWRV LPRELOLiULRV DV PDTXHWHV GH
FRQGRPtQLRV IXQFLRQDP FRPR XPD yWLPD
IHUUDPHQWDGHPDUNHWLQJSDUDDVFRQVWUXWRUDVSRLV
DOpP GH HQFDQWDU FOLHQWHV DX[LOLDP GH PDQHLUD
VLJQLILFDWLYD RV FRUUHWRUHV QD QHJRFLDomR H YHQGD
GHLPyYHLV
8P FRQGRPtQLR HVWi VHQGR ODQoDGR HP XP QRYR
EDLUUR GH XPD FLGDGH 1D PDTXHWH SURMHWDGD SHOD
FRQVWUXWRUD HP HVFDOD GH   H[LVWH XP
UHVHUYDWyULR GH iJXD FRP FDSDFLGDGH GH  FP
4XDQGR WRGDV DV IDPtOLDV HVWLYHUHP UHVLGLQGR QR
FRQGRPtQLR D HVWLPDWLYD p TXH SRU GLD VHMDP
 FRQVXPLGRV  OLWURVGHiJXD
 (P XPD HYHQWXDO IDOWD GH iJXD R UHVHUYDWyULR
2 FLFOLVWD Mi GLVS}H GH XPD FDWUDFD FRP  FP  GH FKHLRVHUiVXILFLHQWHSDUDDEDVWHFHURFRQGRPtQLR
GLkPHWUR H SUHWHQGH LQFOXLU XPD VHJXQGD FDWUDFD SRUTXDQWRVGLDV"
GH PRGR TXH j PHGLGD HP TXH D FRUUHQWH SDVVH 
SRU HOD D ELFLFOHWD DYDQFH   D PDLV GR TXH D   
DYDQoDULD VH D FRUUHQWH SDVVDVVH SHOD SULPHLUD E   
FDWUDFDDFDGDYROWDFRPSOHWDGRVSHGDLV F   
 G   
H   

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 103


 (QHP 8PFDVDOSODQHMRXXPDYLDJHPH  (QHP   7UrV VyFLRV UHVROYHUDP IXQGDU
GHILQLX FRPR WHWR SDUD R JDVWR GLiULR XP YDORU GH XPD IiEULFD 2 LQYHVWLPHQWR LQLFLDO IRL GH
DWp 5   $QWHV GH GHFLGLU R GHVWLQR GD 5   ( LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GR YDORU
YLDJHP IL]HUDP XPD SHVTXLVD VREUH D WD[D GH TXH FDGD XP LQYHVWLX QHVVH SULPHLUR PRPHQWR
FkPELR YLJHQWH SDUD DV PRHGDV GH FLQFR SDtVHV UHVROYHUDP FRQVLGHUDU TXH FDGD XP GHOHV
TXH GHVHMDYDP YLVLWDU H WDPEpP VREUH DV FRQWULEXLXFRPXPWHUoRGRLQYHVWLPHQWRLQLFLDO
HVWLPDWLYDV GH JDVWR GLiULR HP FDGD XP FRP R $OJXP WHPSR GHSRLV XP TXDUWR VyFLR HQWURX SDUD
REMHWLYRGHHVFROKHURGHVWLQRTXHDSUHVHQWDVVHR D VRFLHGDGH H RV TXDWUR MXQWRV LQYHVWLUDP PDLV
PHQRUFXVWRGLiULRHPUHDO 5   QD IiEULFD &DGD XP GHOHV
2 TXDGUR PRVWUD RV UHVXOWDGRV REWLGRV FRP D FRQWULEXLX FRP XP TXDUWR GHVVH YDORU 4XDQGR
SHVTXLVDUHDOL]DGD YHQGHUDP D IiEULFD QHQKXP RXWUR LQYHVWLPHQWR
 KDYLDVLGRIHLWR2VVyFLRVGHFLGLUDPHQWmRGLYLGLUR
3DtVGH 0RHGD 7D[DGH *DVWR PRQWDQWHGH5REWLGRFRPDYHQGD
GHVWLQR ORFDO FkPELR GLiULR GH PRGR SURSRUFLRQDO j TXDQWLD WRWDO LQYHVWLGD SRU
)UDQoD (XUR ¼  5   ¼  FDGDVyFLR
'yODU 
(8$ 5   86   4XDLVRVYDORUHVPDLVSUy[LPRVHPSRUFHQWDJHQV
86 
FRUUHVSRQGHQWHV jV SDUFHODV ILQDQFHLUDV TXH FDGD
'yODU
XP GRV WUrV VyFLRV LQLFLDLV H R TXDUWR VyFLR
$XVWUiOLD DXVWUDOLDQR 5   $  
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHUHFHEHUDP"
$ 

'yODU D   H  
&DQDGi FDQDGHQVH 5   &   E   H  
& 
F   H  
/LEUD
5HLQR HVWHUOLQD G   H  
5    
8QLGR  H   H  
 
1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV TXDO VHUi R GHVWLQR HVFROKLGR  (QHP 6HJXQGRR,QVWLWXWR%UDVLOHLURGH
SDUDDYLDJHP" *HRJUDILDH(VWDWtVWLFD ,%*( RUHQGLPHQWRPpGLR
 PHQVDOGRVWUDEDOKDGRUHVEUDVLOHLURVQRDQR
D  $XVWUiOLD HUD GH 5   -i R &HQVR  PRVWURX
E  &DQDGi TXH HP  HVVH YDORU WHYH XP DXPHQWR GH
F  (8$   HP UHODomR D  (VVH PHVPR LQVWLWXWR
G  )UDQoD SURMHWDTXHHPRUHQGLPHQWRPpGLRPHQVDO
H  5HLQR8QLGR GRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV EUDVLOHLURV SRGHUi VHU  
 PDLRUGRTXHIRLHP
 (QHP33/ 8PSLQWRUFREUD5 
SRU GLD GH WUDEDOKR TXH HTXLYDOH D   KRUDV GH ,%*(&HQVR'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZLEJHJRYEU
WUDEDOKR QXP GLD 4XDQGR p FKDPDGR SDUD XP $FHVVRHPDJR DGDSWDGR 
VHUYLoR HVVH SLQWRU WUDEDOKD   KRUDV SRU GLD FRP 
H[FHomR WDOYH] GR VHX ~OWLPR GLD QHVVH VHUYLoR 6XSRQGRTXHDVSURMHo}HVGR,%*(VHUHDOL]HPR
1HVVH ~OWLPR GLD FDVR WUDEDOKH DWp  KRUDV HOH UHQGLPHQWRPpGLRPHQVDOGRVEUDVLOHLURVHP
FREUDPHWDGHGRYDORUGHXPGLDGHWUDEDOKR&DVR VHUiGH
WUDEDOKH PDLV GH  KRUDV FREUD R YDORU 
FRUUHVSRQGHQWH D XP GLD GH WUDEDOKR (VVH SLQWRU D  5  
JDVWDKRUDVSDUDSLQWDUXPDYH]XPDiUHDGH E  5  
P 8P FOLHQWH GHVHMD SLQWDU DV SDUHGHV GH VXD
F  5  
FDVDFRPXPDiUHDWRWDOGH  P  (OHTXHUTXH
G  5  
HVVDiUHDVHMDSLQWDGDRPDLRUQ~PHURSRVVtYHOGH
H  5  
YH]HV SDUD TXH D TXDOLGDGH GD SLQWXUD VHMD D
PHOKRUSRVVtYHO2RUoDPHQWRGHVVHFOLHQWHSDUDD 
SLQWXUDpGH5  (QHP   8PD SHVVRD TXH SHUGHX XP
4XDQWDV YH]HV QR Pi[LPR DV SDUHGHV GD FDVD REMHWR SHVVRDO TXDQGR YLVLWRX XPD FLGDGH
SRGHUmRVHUSLQWDGDVFRPRRUoDPHQWRGRFOLHQWH" SUHWHQGH GLYXOJDU QRV PHLRV GH FRPXQLFDomR
 LQIRUPDo}HVDUHVSHLWRGDSHUGDGHVVHREMHWRHGH
D    VHX FRQWDWR SDUD HYHQWXDO GHYROXomR 1R HQWDQWR
E    HOD OHPEUD TXH GH DFRUGR FRP R $UW  GR
F    &yGLJR&LYLOSRGHUiWHUTXHSDJDUSHODVGHVSHVDV
GRWUDQVSRUWHGHVVHREMHWRDWpVXDFLGDGHHSRGHUi
G   
H   

104 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


WHU TXH UHFRPSHQVDU D SHVVRD TXH OKH UHVWLWXLU R ƒ /RMD    GH GHVFRQWR TXH HTXLYDOH D
REMHWRHPSHORPHQRV  GRYDORUGRREMHWR 5  PDLV 5  GHIUHWH
(OD VDEH TXH R FXVWR FRP WUDQVSRUWH VHUi GH XP ƒ /RMD    GH GHVFRQWR TXH HTXLYDOH D
TXLQWR GR YDORU DWXDO GR REMHWR H FRPR HOD WHP
5  PDLV 5  GHIUHWH
PXLWR LQWHUHVVH HP UHDYrOR SUHWHQGH RIHUWDU R
PDLRU SHUFHQWXDO SRVVtYHO GH UHFRPSHQVD GHVGH ƒ /RMD    GH GHVFRQWR TXH HTXLYDOH D
TXHRJDVWRWRWDOFRPDVGHVSHVDVQmRXOWUDSDVVH 5  PDLV 5  GHIUHWH
RYDORUDWXDOGRREMHWR ƒ /RMD    GH GHVFRQWR TXH HTXLYDOH D
1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV R SHUFHQWXDO VREUH R YDORU GR 5  PDLV 5  GHIUHWH
REMHWR GDGR FRPR UHFRPSHQVD TXH HOD GHYHUi
RIHUWDUpLJXDOD ƒ /RMD    GH GHVFRQWR TXH HTXLYDOH D
 5  VHPFXVWRGHIUHWH
D    
E    2 SURGXWR IRL FRPSUDGR QD ORMD TXH DSUHVHQWRX R
F    PHQRUSUHoRWRWDO
G    
2SURGXWRIRLDGTXLULGRQDORMD
H   

 D  
 (QHP 33/   'HVHMDVH FRPSUDU E  
GHWHUPLQDGR SURGXWR H DSyV XPD SHVTXLVD GH F  
SUHoRV R SURGXWR IRL HQFRQWUDGR HP  ORMDV G  
GLIHUHQWHVDSUHoRVYDULDGRV H  



 (QHP 33/   2 HVTXHPD DSUHVHQWD D FRQFHQWUDomR GH iOFRRO SUHVHQWH HP FDGD  P/  GH
GLIHUHQWHVWLSRVGHEHELGDV




'HDFRUGRFRPDVLQIRUPDo}HVLQGLTXHTXDORQ~PHURPi[LPRGHWDoDVGHYLQKRGH  P/ TXHSRGHP
VHUFRQVXPLGDVVHPDQDOPHQWHSRUXPDPXOKHUTXHVHHQTXDGUHQRJUXSRGHPpGLRULVFR

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 105




 (QHP 33/   8PD HPSUHVD GLYLGH R  (QHP33/ $FRQWDGHWHOHIRQHGHXPD
EDODQoR DQXDO GH YHQGDV GH VHXV SURGXWRV HP ORMD IRL QHVVH PrV GH 5   2 YDORU GD
GXDV SDUWHV FDOFXODQGR R Q~PHUR GH YHQGDV GRV DVVLQDWXUD PHQVDO Mi LQFOXVR QD FRQWD p GH
SURGXWRVDRILQDOGHFDGDVHPHVWUHGRDQR$SyVR 5   R TXDO Gi GLUHLWR D UHDOL]DU XPD
EDODQoR GR SULPHLUR VHPHVWUH IRUDP UHDOL]DGDV
Do}HVGHPDUNHWLQJSDUDRVFLQFRSURGXWRVPHQRV TXDQWLGDGH LOLPLWDGD GH OLJDo}HV ORFDLV SDUD
YHQGLGRVGDHPSUHVD$WDEHODPRVWUDDHYROXomR WHOHIRQHV IL[RV $V OLJDo}HV SDUD FHOXODUHV VmR
GDV YHQGDV GHVVHV SURGXWRV GR SULPHLUR SDUD R WDULIDGDV VHSDUDGDPHQWH 1HVVD ORMD VmR IHLWDV
VHJXQGRVHPHVWUH VRPHQWHOLJDo}HVORFDLVWDQWRSDUDWHOHIRQHVIL[RV
 TXDQWR SDUD FHOXODUHV 3DUD UHGX]LU RV FXVWRV R
1~PHURGH JHUHQWHSODQHMDSDUDRSUy[LPRPrVXPDFRQWDGH
1~PHURGHXQLGDGHV
XQLGDGHV WHOHIRQHFRPYDORUGH 5  
3URGXWR YHQGLGDVQR
YHQGLGDVQR 
VHJXQGRVHPHVWUH
SULPHLURVHPHVWUH 3DUDTXHHVVHSODQHMDPHQWRVHFXPSUDDUHGXomR
,     SHUFHQWXDO FRP JDVWRV HP OLJDo}HV SDUD FHOXODUHV
,,     QHVVDORMDGHYHUiVHUGH

,,,     D   
,9     E   
9     F   
 G   
2 VXFHVVR GH XPD DomR GH PDUNHWLQJ GH XP H   
SURGXWR p PHGLGR SHOR DXPHQWR SHUFHQWXDO GR 
Q~PHUR GH XQLGDGHV YHQGLGDV GHVVH SURGXWR GR  (QHP 3DUDFRQVWUXLUXPDSLVFLQDFXMD
SULPHLURSDUDRVHJXQGRVHPHVWUH iUHD WRWDO GD VXSHUItFLH LQWHUQD p LJXDO D  P  
$DomRGHPDUNHWLQJPDLVEHPVXFHGLGDIRLSDUDR
SURGXWR XPDFRQVWUXWRUDDSUHVHQWRXRVHJXLQWHRUoDPHQWR
 
D  ,  5  SHODHODERUDomRGRSURMHWR
E  ,,  5  SHORVFXVWRVIL[RV
F  ,,,  5   SRU PHWUR TXDGUDGR SDUD
G  ,9
H  9 FRQVWUXomRGDiUHDLQWHUQDGDSLVFLQD
 
 (QHP 33/   $ LQJHVWmR GH VyGLR QR $SyVDDSUHVHQWDomRGRRUoDPHQWRHVVDHPSUHVD
%UDVLOTXHMipQRUPDOPHQWHDOWDWHQGHDDWLQJLURV GHFLGLXUHGX]LURYDORUGHHODERUDomRGRSURMHWRHP
PDLVHOHYDGRVtQGLFHVQRLQYHUQRTXDQGRFUHVFHR   PDV UHFDOFXORX R YDORU GR PHWUR TXDGUDGR
FRQVXPR GH DOLPHQWRV FDOyULFRV H FRQGLPHQWDGRV SDUD D FRQVWUXomR GD iUHD LQWHUQD GD SLVFLQD
0DV R VDO QmR p XP YLOmR HOH SRGH H GHYH VHU FRQFOXLQGRKDYHUDQHFHVVLGDGHGHDXPHQWiORHP
FRQVXPLGR GLDULDPHQWH VDOYR DOJXPDV UHVWULo}HV   $OpP GLVVR D FRQVWUXWRUD SUHWHQGH GDU XP
3DUDXPDSHVVRDVDXGiYHORFRQVXPRPi[LPRGH GHVFRQWRQRVFXVWRVIL[RVGHPDQHLUDTXHRQRYR
VDO GH FR]LQKD FORUHWR GH VyGLR  QmR GHYH YDORU GR RUoDPHQWR VHMD UHGX]LGR HP   HP
XOWUDSDVVDU  J  GLiULDV RX  J  GH VyGLR UHODomRDRWRWDOLQLFLDO
FRQVLGHUDQGRTXHRVDOGHFR]LQKDpFRPSRVWRSRU 
 GHVyGLRH  GHFORUR 2SHUFHQWXDOGHGHVFRQWRTXHDFRQVWUXWRUDGHYHUi
 FRQFHGHUQRVFXVWRVIL[RVpGH
'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSGHSRLVGRVFRP 
$FHVVRHPMXO DGDSWDGR  D   
 E   
&RQVLGHUH XPD SHVVRD VDXGiYHO TXH QR GHFRUUHU F   
GHGLDVFRQVXPD  J GHVDOGHFR]LQKD
G   

H   
2 VHX FRQVXPR PpGLR GLiULR H[FHGH DR FRQVXPR
Pi[LPRUHFRPHQGDGRGLDULDPHQWHHP 
  (QHP   8P PDSD p D UHSUHVHQWDomR
D    UHGX]LGD H VLPSOLILFDGD GH XPD ORFDOLGDGH (VVD
E    UHGXomR TXH p IHLWD FRP R XVR GH XPD HVFDOD
PDQWpP D SURSRUomR GR HVSDoR UHSUHVHQWDGR HP
F   
UHODomRDRHVSDoRUHDO
G    
H    &HUWRPDSDWHPHVFDOD   
 

106 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA



&RPEXVWtYHO 3UHoR 5  5HQGLPHQWR
$ 3$   NP / 
% 3%   NP / 

2 GRQR GHVVH DXWRPyYHO HVWDEHOHFH GXDV
HVWUDWpJLDVGHYLDJHP(PDPEDVHOHLUiDEDVWHFHU
GXDV YH]HV 2 SULPHLUR DEDVWHFLPHQWR p IHLWR D
SDUWLU GR WDQTXH YD]LR H R UHDEDVWHFLPHQWR p IHLWR
TXDQGRRWDQTXHHVYD]LDUQRYDPHQWH

 HVWUDWpJLD GH YLDJHP DEDVWHFHU PHLR WDQTXH
FRPRFRPEXVWtYHO$HGHSRLVDEDVWHFHUXPTXDUWR
GHWDQTXHFRPRFRPEXVWtYHO%

  HVWUDWpJLD GH YLDJHP DEDVWHFHU PHLR WDQTXH
 FRPRFRPEXVWtYHO%HGHSRLVDEDVWHFHUXPTXDUWR
&RQVLGHUH TXH QHVVH PDSD R VHJPHQWR GH UHWD GHWDQTXHFRPRFRPEXVWtYHO$
TXHOLJDRQDYLRjPDUFDGRWHVRXURPHoD  FP  
 2FXVWR & GDHVWUDWpJLDTXHSRVVLELOLWDSHUFRUUHU
$PHGLGDUHDOHPTXLO{PHWURGHVVHVHJPHQWRGH DPDLRUGLVWkQFLDp
UHWDp 
 §7· §7·
D  & ¨ ¸ ˜ 3$  ¨ ¸ ˜ 3% 
D    ©¹ ©¹
E    §7· §7·
F    E  & ¨ ¸ ˜ 3$    ¨ ¸ ˜ 3% ˜  

© ¹ ©¹
G   
H    §7· §7·
F  & ¨ ¸ ˜ 3$    ¨ ¸ ˜ 3% ˜  
 ©¹ ©¹
 (QHP 33/   $V VROXo}HV GH KLSRFORULWR § ·
7 § ·
7
GH VyGLR WrP DPSOD DSOLFDomR FRPR GHVLQIHWDQWHV G  & ¨ ¸ ˜ 3%  ¨ ¸ ˜ 3% 
©¹ ©¹
H DOYHMDQWHV (P XPD HPSUHVD GH OLPSH]D R
UHVSRQViYHO SHOD iUHD GH FRPSUDV GHYH GHFLGLU §7· §7·
H  & ¨ ¸ ˜ 3% ˜   ¨ ¸ ˜ 3$ ˜  
HQWUH GRLV IRUQHFHGRUHV TXH WrP SURGXWRV © ¹ ©¹
VLPLODUHVPDVFRPGLIHUHQWHVWHRUHVGHFORUR 
  (QHP   2V WLSRV GH SUDWD QRUPDOPHQWH
8P GRV IRUQHFHGRUHV YHQGH EDOGHV GH  NJ  GH YHQGLGRVVmRH(VVDFODVVLILFDomRp
SURGXWRJUDQXODGRFRQWHQGR  GHFORURDWLYRD IHLWDGHDFRUGRFRPDVXDSXUH]D3RUH[HPSORD
SUDWDpDVXEVWkQFLDFRQVWLWXtGDGHSDUWHV
XPFXVWRGH 5  2XWURIRUQHFHGRURIHUHFHD
GHSUDWDSXUDHSDUWHVGHFREUHHPSDUWHV
XP FXVWR GH 5   ERPERQDV GH  NJ  GH GDVXEVWkQFLD-iDSUDWD  pFRQVWLWXtGDGH
SURGXWROtTXLGRFRQWHQGR  GHFORURDWLYR SDUWHV GHSUDWD SXUDH GH FREUH HP  H D
 SUDWDpFRQVWLWXtGDGHSDUWHVGHSUDWDSXUD
&RQVLGHUDQGR DSHQDV R TXHVLWR SUHoR SRU NJ  GH HSDUWHVGHFREUHHP8PRXULYHVSRVVXL
FORUR DWLYR H GHVSUH]DQGR RXWUDV YDULiYHLV SDUD JUDPDVGHSUDWDHGHVHMDREWHUJUDPDV
FDGDERPERQDGH  NJ KDYHUiXPDHFRQRPLDGH GHSUDWDSDUDSURGXomRGHXPDMRLD

 1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV TXDQWRV JUDPDV GH SUDWD H GH
D  5   FREUH UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH GHYHP VHU IXQGLGRV FRP
E  5   RV  JUDPDVGHSUDWD"
F  5   
G  5   D   H  
E   H  
H  5  
F   H  

 (QHP 33/   8P DXWRPyYHO SRGH VHU G   H  
DEDVWHFLGR FRP RV FRPEXVWtYHLV $  RX %  H WHP H   H  
FDSDFLGDGHSDUDDUPD]HQDU7OLWUR2TXDGURLQGLFD 
RVSUHoRVHPRVWUDRUHQGLPHQWRGHVVHDXWRPyYHO 
SRU OLWUR TXDQGR DEDVWHFLGR FRP HVVHV 
FRPEXVWtYHLV 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 107


 (QHP 33/   $ /HL GH *UDYLWDomR GH  (QHP   8PD HPSUHVD GH FRPXQLFDomR
,VDDF 1HZWRQ HVWDEHOHFH D LQWHQVLGDGH GD IRUoD WHPDWDUHIDGHHODERUDUXPPDWHULDOSXEOLFLWiULRGH
HQWUH GRLV REMHWRV (OD p GDGD SHOD HTXDomR XPHVWDOHLURSDUDGLYXOJDUXPQRYRQDYLRHTXLSDGR
P P FRPXPJXLQGDVWHGH  P GHDOWXUDHXPDHVWHLUD
) J     VHQGR P H P DV PDVVDV GRV
G GH  P  GH FRPSULPHQWR 1R GHVHQKR GHVVH
REMHWRV G D GLVWkQFLD HQWUH HOHV J D FRQVWDQWH QDYLR D UHSUHVHQWDomR GR JXLQGDVWH GHYH WHU VXD
XQLYHUVDOGDJUDYLWDomRH ) DLQWHQVLGDGHGDIRUoD DOWXUD HQWUH  FP  H  FP  HQTXDQWR D HVWHLUD
JUDYLWDFLRQDOTXHXPREMHWRH[HUFHVREUHRRXWUR GHYH DSUHVHQWDU FRPSULPHQWR VXSHULRU D  FP 
&RQVLGHUH XP HVTXHPD TXH UHSUHVHQWH FLQFR
VDWpOLWHV GH PHVPD PDVVD RUELWDQGR D 7HUUD 7RGR R GHVHQKR GHYHUi VHU IHLWR HP XPD HVFDOD
'HQRWHRVVDWpOLWHVSRU$%&'H(VHQGRHVWD  ; 
D RUGHP GHFUHVFHQWH GD GLVWkQFLD GD 7HUUD $ R 
PDLVGLVWDQWHH(RPDLVSUy[LPRGD7HUUD  2VYDORUHVSRVVtYHLVSDUD ; VmRDSHQDV
'H DFRUGR FRP D /HL GD *UDYLWDomR 8QLYHUVDO D 
7HUUDH[HUFHPDLRUIRUoDVREUHRVDWpOLWH D  ; !  
 E  ;   
D  $ F    ;   
E  % G    ;   
F  & H    ;   
G  ' 
H  (  (QHP    1XPD DWLYLGDGH GH WUHLQDPHQWR
 UHDOL]DGDQR([pUFLWRGHXPGHWHUPLQDGRSDtVWUrV
 (QHP 33/   $ UHVLVWrQFLD HOpWULFD 5  GH HTXLSHV±$OSKD%HWDH*DPD±IRUDPGHVLJQDGDV
XP FRQGXWRU KRPRJrQHR p LQYHUVDPHQWH D SHUFRUUHU GLIHUHQWHV FDPLQKRV WRGRV FRP RV
SURSRUFLRQDOjiUHD 6 GHVXDVHomRWUDQVYHUVDO PHVPRVSRQWRVGHSDUWLGDHGHFKHJDGD


ƒ $ HTXLSH $OSKD UHDOL]RX VHX SHUFXUVR HP  
PLQXWRV FRP XPD YHORFLGDGH PpGLD GH
 NP K 
ƒ $HTXLSH%HWDWDPEpPSHUFRUUHXVXDWUDMHWyULD
HP  PLQXWRVPDVVXDYHORFLGDGHPpGLDIRL

 GH  NP K 
2JUiILFRTXHUHSUHVHQWDDYDULDomRGDUHVLVWrQFLD ƒ &RP XPD YHORFLGDGH PpGLD GH  NP K  D
5 GRFRQGXWRUHPIXQomRGDiUHD 6 GHVXDVHomR
HTXLSH *DPD FRQFOXLX VHX FDPLQKR HP  
WUDQVYHUVDOp
 PLQXWRV
D  E  
&RP EDVH QHVVHV GDGRV IRUDP FRPSDUDGDV DV
GLVWkQFLDV G%HWD  G$OSKD H G*DPD SHUFRUULGDVSHODV
WUrVHTXLSHV

$ RUGHP GDV GLVWkQFLDV SHUFRUULGDV SHODV HTXLSHV
$OSKD%HWDH*DPDp
 
F  G 
D  G*DPD  G%HWD  G$OSKD 
E  G$OSKD G%HWD  G*DPD 
F G*DPD  G%HWD G$OSKD 
G  G%HWD  G$OSKD  G*DPD 
  H  G*DPD  G$OSKD  G%HWD 
 
H 


 (QHP33/ $ILJXUDDVHJXLUUHSUHVHQWD
SDUWH GD SODQWD GH XP ORWHDPHQWR HP TXH IRL
XVDGDDHVFDOD   1RFHQWURGDSODQWDXPD
iUHDFLUFXODUFRPGLkPHWURGH  FP IRLGHVWLQDGD
SDUDDFRQVWUXomRGHXPDSUDoD
 


108 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


ORFDO &RQVLGHUDVH TXH D SRSXODomR DOFDQoDGD
SHOD GLVWULEXLomR GH SDQIOHWRV VHMD LJXDO j
TXDQWLGDGHGHSDQIOHWRVGLVWULEXtGRVHQTXDQWRTXH
D DOFDQoDGD SRU XP DQ~QFLR QD UiGLR VHMD LJXDO j
TXDQWLGDGHGHRXYLQWHVGHVVHDQ~QFLR2FXVWRGH
FDGD DQ~QFLR QD UiGLR p GH 5   H D
HVWLPDWLYD p GH TXH VHMD RXYLGR SRU  
SHVVRDV -i D SURGXomR H D GLVWULEXLomR GRV
SDQIOHWRVFXVWDP 5  FDGD  XQLGDGHV
&RQVLGHUDQGRTXHFDGDSHVVRDVHUiDOFDQoDGDSRU
XP ~QLFR GHVVHV PHLRV GH GLYXOJDomR D HPSUHVD
 SUHWHQGHLQYHVWLUHPDPEDVDVPtGLDV
 
2GLkPHWURUHDOGHVVDSUDoDHPPHWURp &RQVLGHUH ; H < RV YDORUHV HP UHDO  JDVWRV HP
 DQ~QFLRV QD UiGLR H FRP SDQIOHWRV
D    UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
E    
F    2 Q~PHUR GH SHVVRDV DOFDQoDGDV SHOD FDPSDQKD
G    VHUiGDGRSHODH[SUHVVmR
H    
 ; <
D  
 (QHP 33/   $R DFHVVDU XPD SiJLQD GD  
LQWHUQHW TXH WUDWD GD SHVTXLVD GH DVVXQWRV GH ; <
LQWHUHVVHMXYHQLOHQFRQWUDPRVDILJXUD E  
 

; <
F  
 
 
G  
; <
 <
H  
; <

 (QHP 33/   (P XPD FRUULGD GH GH]
YROWDV GLVSXWDGD SRU GRLV FDUURV DQWLJRV $ H % R
FDUUR$FRPSOHWRXDVGH]YROWDVDQWHVTXHRFDUUR
%FRPSOHWDVVHDRLWDYDYROWD6DEHVHTXHGXUDQWH
 WRGD D FRUULGD RV GRLV FDUURV PDQWLYHUDP
 YHORFLGDGHV FRQVWDQWHV LJXDLV D  PV H  PV
6DEHVH TXH QHVVH WLSR GH FRPXQLFDomR YLVXDO 6DEHVH WDPEpP TXH R FDUUR % JDVWDULD 
FRPXP HP SiJLQDV GD LQWHUQHW R WDPDQKR GDV VHJXQGRVSDUDFRPSOHWDURLWRYROWDV
OHWUDV HVWi GLUHWDPHQWH DVVRFLDGR DR Q~PHUR GH 
YH]HV TXH R DVVXQWR RX WHUPR IRL SHVTXLVDGR RX $GLVWkQFLDHPPHWURTXHRFDUUR%SHUFRUUHXGR
OLGR QDTXHOD SiJLQD 'HVVD IRUPD TXDQWR PDLRU R LQtFLRGDFRUULGDDWpRPRPHQWRHPTXHRFDUUR $ 
WDPDQKR GDV OHWUDV GH FDGD SDODYUD PDLRU VHUi R FRPSOHWRXDGpFLPDYROWDIRLPDLVSUy[LPDGH
Q~PHURGHYH]HVTXHHVVHWHPDIRLSHVTXLVDGR 
 D   
'H DFRUGR FRP D ILJXUD TXDLV VmR HP RUGHP E   
GHFUHVFHQWH RV WUrV DVVXQWRV TXH PDLV F   
LQWHUHVVDUDPjVSHVVRDVTXHDFHVVDUDPDSiJLQD
G   
FLWDGD"
 H   
D  +4)e3$= 
E  0$1*È6)e/,9526  (QHP 'HDFRUGRFRPD/HL8QLYHUVDOGD
F  0Ò6,&$%$/$'$6$025 *UDYLWDomR SURSRVWD SRU ,VDDF 1HZWRQ D
G  $0250Ò6,&$%$/$'$6 LQWHQVLGDGH GD IRUoD JUDYLWDFLRQDO )  TXH D 7HUUD
H  $025%$/$'$60Ò6,&$ H[HUFH VREUH XP VDWpOLWH HP yUELWD FLUFXODU p
 SURSRUFLRQDO j PDVVD P  GR VDWpOLWH H
 (QHP 8PDHPSUHVDGHVHMDLQLFLDUXPD LQYHUVDPHQWH SURSRUFLRQDO DR TXDGUDGR GR UDLR U 
FDPSDQKD SXEOLFLWiULD GLYXOJDQGR XPD SURPRomR GDyUELWDRXVHMD

SDUD VHXV SRVVtYHLV FRQVXPLGRUHV 3DUD HVVH WLSR
GH FDPSDQKD RV PHLRV PDLV YLiYHLV VmR D NP
) 
GLVWULEXLomRGHSDQIOHWRVQDUXDHDQ~QFLRVQDUiGLR U

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 109


1RSODQRFDUWHVLDQRWUrVVDWpOLWHV$%H&HVWmR UHODomRDRREMHWRRULJLQDO SDUDXPDUWLVWD3DUDYHU
UHSUHVHQWDGRVFDGDXPSRUXPSRQWR PU FXMDV PHOKRU RV GHWDOKHV GR YDVR R DUWLVWD VROLFLWD XPD
FRRUGHQDGDV VmR UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH D PDVVD GR FySLD LPSUHVVD GD IRWR FRP GLPHQV}HV WULSOLFDGDV
VDWpOLWHHRUDLRGDVXDyUELWDHPWRUQRGD7HUUD HPUHODomRjVGLPHQV}HVGDIRWRRULJLQDO1DFySLD
 LPSUHVVDRYDVRTXHEUDGRWHPXPDDOWXUDGH  
FHQWtPHWURV
4XDO p D DOWXUD UHDO HP FHQWtPHWURV GR YDVR
TXHEUDGR"

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   

 (QHP 33/   2 SUHVLGHQWH GH XPD
 HPSUHVD FRP R REMHWLYR GH UHQRYDU VXD IURWD GH

DXWRPyYHLV VROLFLWRX XPD SHVTXLVD PHGLQGR R
&RP EDVH QDV SRVLo}HV UHODWLYDV GRV SRQWRV QR
FRQVXPR GH FRPEXVWtYHO GH   PRGHORV GH FDUUR
JUiILFRGHVHMDVHFRPSDUDUDVLQWHQVLGDGHV )$  )% 
TXH XVDP R PHVPR WLSR GH FRPEXVWtYHO 2
H )&  GD IRUoD JUDYLWDFLRQDO TXH D 7HUUD H[HUFH UHVXOWDGRIRL

VREUHRVVDWpOLWHV$%H&UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
ƒ &DUUR,GHVORFDPHQWRGHNPFRQVXPLQGR

 OLWURVGHFRPEXVWtYHO
$VLQWHQVLGDGHV )$  )% H )& H[SUHVVDVQRJUiILFR
ƒ &DUUR,,GHVORFDPHQWRGHNPFRQVXPLQGR
VDWLVID]HPDUHODomR  OLWURVGHFRPEXVWtYHO
 ƒ &DUUR ,,, GHVORFDPHQWR GH  NP
D  )& )$  )%  FRQVXPLQGROLWURVGHFRPEXVWtYHO
E  )$ )%  )&  ƒ &DUUR ,9 GHVORFDPHQWR GH  NP
F  )$  )%  )&  FRQVXPLQGR  OLWURVGHFRPEXVWtYHO
ƒ &DUUR9GHVORFDPHQWRGHNPFRQVXPLQGR
G  )$  )&  )% 
OLWURVGHFRPEXVWtYHO
H  )&  )$  )%  

 3DUD UHQRYDU D IURWD FRP R PRGHOR PDLV


 (QHP 8PSURGXWRUGHPLOKRXWLOL]DXPD HFRQ{PLFR HP UHODomR j UD]mR TXLO{PHWUR URGDGR
iUHD GH   KHFWDUHV SDUD DV VXDV DWLYLGDGHV SRUOLWURGHYHPVHUFRPSUDGRVFDUURVGRPRGHOR

DJUtFRODV (VVD iUHD p GLYLGLGD HP GXDV SDUWHV
D  ,
XPD GH   KHFWDUHV FRP PDLRU SURGXWLYLGDGH H
E  ,,
RXWUDGH  KHFWDUHVFRPPHQRUSURGXWLYLGDGH F  ,,,
$ SURGXWLYLGDGH p GDGD SHOD UD]mR HQWUH D G  ,9
SURGXomRHPWRQHODGDHDiUHDFXOWLYDGD6DEHVH H  9
TXHDiUHDGH  KHFWDUHVWHPSURGXWLYLGDGHLJXDO 
D  YH]HV j GD RXWUD (VVH ID]HQGHLUR SUHWHQGH  (QHP $(FRIRQWSRVVXLGHVLJQEDVHDGR
DXPHQWDUVXDSURGXomRWRWDOHPDXPHQWDQGR QD YHOKD IRQWH 9HUD 6DQV 3RUpP HOD WHP XP
R WDPDQKR GD VXD SURSULHGDGH 3DUD WDQWR GLIHUHQFLDO SHTXHQRV EXUDTXLQKRV FLUFXODUHV
SUHWHQGH FRPSUDU XPD SDUWH GH XPD ID]HQGD FRQJUXHQWHVHHPWRGRRVHXFRUSRSUHVHQWHVHP
YL]LQKD TXH SRVVXL D PHVPD SURGXWLYLGDGH GD FDGDVtPEROR(VVHVIXURVSURSRUFLRQDPXPJDVWR
SDUWHGHKHFWDUHVGHVXDVWHUUDV GHWLQWDPHQRUQDKRUDGDLPSUHVVmR
 
4XDOpDiUHDPtQLPDHPKHFWDUHTXHRSURGXWRU
SUHFLVDUiFRPSUDU"

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 (QHP 33/    8P YDVR GHFRUDWLYR
TXHEURX H RV GRQRV YmR HQFRPHQGDU RXWUR SDUD
VHU SLQWDGR FRP DV PHVPDV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV (OHV 

HQYLDP XPD IRWR GR YDVR QD HVFDOD    HP

110 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


6XSRQKD TXH D SDODYUD (&2 HVWHMD HVFULWD QHVVD GH SHVFDULD UHODFLRQDPVH SHOD IyUPXOD
IRQWHFRPWDPDQKR  HTXHVHMDFRPSRVWDSRU & ( ˜3 /  
OHWUDV IRUPDGDV SRU TXDGUDGRV GH ODGRV [  FRP 
[ (PTXDOODJRDSRSXODomRGHSHL[HVGHVVDHVSpFLH
IXURV FLUFXODUHV GH UDLR U   3DUD TXH D iUHD D HUDPDLRUQRLQtFLRGRGLD"



VHU SLQWDGD VHMD UHGX]LGD D  GD iUHD LQLFLDO D  ,
 E  ,,
SUHWHQGHVH UHGX]LU R WDPDQKR GD IRQWH 6DEHVH F  ,,,
TXHDRDOWHUDURWDPDQKRGDIRQWHR WDPDQKRGD G  ,9
OHWUDpDOWHUDGRQDPHVPDSURSRUomR H  9
 
1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV R WDPDQKR DGHTXDGR GD IRQWH  (QHP33/ 8PWRUUHIDGRUFRPSURXXPD
VHUi VDFD GH  NJ  GH FDIp HVSHFLDO FUX DQWHV GH

D    WRUUDU SRU 5  'HYLGRjSHUGDGHXPLGDGH
E    GXUDQWH R SURFHVVR GH WRUUHIDomR VmR SHUGLGRV
F     NJ GHFDIpSRUVDFD
G    2 WRUUHIDGRU LUi YHQGHU R FDIp WRUUDGR HP
H    HPEDODJHQV GH XP TXLORJUDPD H WHP SRU REMHWLYR
 REWHU XP OXFUR GH   HP UHODomR DR YDORU
 (QHP 33/   8VDQGR D FDSDFLGDGH SDJRSRUXQLGDGHYHQGLGD
Pi[LPD GH FDUJD GH FDPLQKmR GH XPD ORMD GH 
PDWHULDLVGHFRQVWUXomRpSRVVtYHOOHYDU  VDFRV 4XH SUHoR GH YHQGD SRU XQLGDGH HVWH WRUUHIDGRU
GHFLPHQWRRX  VDFRVGHFDORX  ODWDVGH GHYHUiHVWDEHOHFHUSDUDDWLQJLURVHXREMHWLYR"
DUHLD 1R SHGLGR GH XP FOLHQWH IRL VROLFLWDGD D 
HQWUHJDGH  VDFRVGHFLPHQWR  VDFRVGHFDO D  5  
H D PDLRU TXDQWLGDGH GH ODWDV GH DUHLD TXH IRVVH E  5  
SRVVtYHO WUDQVSRUWDU DWLQJLQGR D FDSDFLGDGH F  5  
Pi[LPDGHFDUJDGRFDPLQKmR
 G  5  
1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV TXDO D TXDQWLGDGH Pi[LPD GH H  5  
ODWDV GH DUHLD TXH SRGHUmR VHU HQYLDGDV DR 
FOLHQWH"  (QHP   $ LQFOLQDomR GH XPD UDPSD p
 FDOFXODGD GD VHJXLQWH PDQHLUD SDUD FDGD PHWUR
D    PHGLGR QD KRUL]RQWDO PHGHVH [  FHQWtPHWURV QD
E    YHUWLFDO 'L]VH QHVVH FDVR TXH D UDPSD WHP
F    LQFOLQDomRGH [ FRPRQRH[HPSORGDILJXUD
G    
H   

 (QHP 33/   2 TXDGUR DSUHVHQWD RV
GDGRV GD SHVFDULD GH XPD HVSpFLH GH SHL[H
UHDOL]DGD DR ILQDO GH XP GLD GH SHVFD HP ODJRV 
GLIHUHQWHV 
 $ ILJXUD DSUHVHQWD XP SURMHWR GH XPD UDPSD GH
1~PHURGH 1~PHUR DFHVVR D XPD JDUDJHP UHVLGHQFLDO FXMD EDVH
4XDQWLGDGH
/DJR EDUFRV GHKRUDV VLWXDGD   PHWURV DEDL[R GR QtYHO GD UXD WHP  
SHVFDGD
/ XWLOL]DGRV GHSHVFD PHWURVGHFRPSULPHQWR
&HPNJ 
% + 
,    
,,     
,,,    
,9    
9     
 
&RQVLGHUH TXH D PHGLGD GR HVIRUoR GH SHVFD (  
VHMDGDGDSHODIXQomR (  ˜   ˜ % ˜ + $FDSWXUD 'HSRLV GH SURMHWDGD D UDPSD R UHVSRQViYHO SHOD
TXDQWLGDGH SHVFDGD &  H D SRSXODomR GH SHL[HV REUD IRL LQIRUPDGR GH TXH DV QRUPDV WpFQLFDV GR
PXQLFtSLR RQGH HOD HVWi ORFDOL]DGD H[LJHP TXH D
3 /  GHVVD HVSpFLH QR ODJR / QR LQtFLR GHVVH GLD

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 111


LQFOLQDomRPi[LPDGHXPDUDPSDGHDFHVVRDXPD DSURYDGRV 8P HVWXGDQWH GHVVD GLVFLSOLQD REWHYH
JDUDJHPUHVLGHQFLDOVHMDGH   RVVHJXLQWHVSRQWRVQDVWUrVSULPHLUDVDYDOLDo}HV
6H D UDPSD SURMHWDGD WLYHU LQFOLQDomR VXSHULRU D H  UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
 RQtYHOGDJDUDJHPGHYHUiVHUDOWHUDGRSDUD 
GLPLQXLU R SHUFHQWXDO GH LQFOLQDomR PDQWHQGR R 2 PtQLPR GH SRQWRV TXH HVVH HVWXGDQWH SUHFLVD
FRPSULPHQWRGDEDVHGDUDPSD REWHUQDTXDUWDDYDOLDomRSDUDVHUDSURYDGRp
3DUD DWHQGHU jV QRUPDV WpFQLFDV GR PXQLFtSLR R 
QtYHOGDJDUDJHPGHYHUiVHU D   
 E   
D  HOHYDGRHP  FP  F   
E  HOHYDGRHP  FP  G   
F  PDQWLGRQRPHVPRQtYHO H   
G  UHEDL[DGRHP  FP  
H  UHEDL[DGRHP  FP   (QHP 'HYLGRDRQmRFXPSULPHQWRGDV
 PHWDV GHILQLGDV SDUD D FDPSDQKD GH YDFLQDomR
 (QHP 'XUDQWHXPDIHVWDGHFROpJLRXP FRQWUDDJULSHFRPXPHRYtUXV+1HPXPDQR
JUXSRGHDOXQRVRUJDQL]RXXPDULID2LWHQWDDOXQRV R 0LQLVWpULR GD 6D~GH DQXQFLRX D SURUURJDomR GD
IDOWDUDPjIHVWDHQmRSDUWLFLSDUDPGDULID(QWUHRV FDPSDQKD SRU PDLV XPD VHPDQD $ WDEHOD
TXH FRPSDUHFHUDP DOJXQV FRPSUDUDP WUrV DSUHVHQWD DV TXDQWLGDGHV GH SHVVRDV YDFLQDGDV
ELOKHWHV   FRPSUDUDP   ELOKHWHV H PXLWRV GHQWUHRVFLQFRJUXSRVGHULVFRDWpDGDWDGHLQtFLR
FRPSUDUDP DSHQDV XP 2 WRWDO GH DOXQRV TXH GDSURUURJDomRGDFDPSDQKD
FRPSURX XP ~QLFR ELOKHWH HUD   GR Q~PHUR 
WRWDO GH ELOKHWHV YHQGLGRV H R WRWDO GH ELOKHWHV %DODQoRSDUFLDOQDFLRQDOGDYDFLQDomRFRQWUDD
YHQGLGRVH[FHGHXHP  RQ~PHURWRWDOGHDOXQRV JULSH
GRFROpJLR 3RSXODomRMi
3RSXODomR YDFLQDGD
4XDQWRVDOXQRVFRPSUDUDPVRPHQWHXPELOKHWH" *UXSRGHULVFR
PLOKmR   
 PLOKmR 
D    &ULDQoDV      
E    3URILVVLRQDLV GH
     
F    VD~GH
G    *HVWDQWHV      
H    ,QGtJHQDV      

,GRVRV      
 (QHP 33/   3DUD SLQWDU XP DXWRPyYHO
FXMDFRUpSHUVRQDOL]DGDDRILFLQDHQFDUUHJDGDGH 
ID]HU R VHUYLoR WHUi GH SRU PHLR GH XPD PLVWXUD 4XDOpDSRUFHQWDJHPGRWRWDOGHSHVVRDVGHVVHV
DGHTXDGD GH WLQWDV FRPSRU WRQV GH D]XO H GH JUXSRVGHULVFRMiYDFLQDGDV"
EUDQFR 2 WRP D]XO UHSUHVHQWD   GHVVD 
PLVWXUD 6DEHVH DLQGD TXH D RILFLQD GHYHUi D   
DGTXLULUVRPHQWHDWLQWDGHWRPD]XOSRLVMiSRVVXL E   
HPVHXVHVWRTXHVOLWURVGDWLQWDGHWRPEUDQFR F   
TXH VHUmR WRWDOPHQWH XWLOL]DGRV QD UHIHULGD G   
FRPSRVLomR H   
$ TXDQWLGDGH HP OLWUR GH WLQWD GH WRP D]XO TXH D 
RILFLQD GHYHUi DGTXLULU SDUD FRPSRU HVVD PLVWXUD  (QHP 33/   8P FRPHUFLDQWH DEULUi XP
VHPTXHKDMDVREUDVp VXSHUPHUFDGR QR PrV GH RXWXEUR H SUHFLVD
 GLVWULEXLU   SURGXWRV GH OLPSH]D HP XPD J{QGROD
D    GH FLQFR SUDWHOHLUDV TXH HVWmR GLVSRVWDV XPD
E    DFLPDGDRXWUD XPWLSRGHSURGXWRSRUSUDWHOHLUD 
F    (OH VDEH TXH D WHUFHLUD SUDWHOHLUD RIHUHFH XPD
PHOKRU YLVLELOLGDGH GRV SURGXWRV DRV FOLHQWHV (OH
G   
IH] XPD SHVTXLVD VREUH R Q~PHUR GH YHQGDV
H    GHVVHVSURGXWRVQRVPHVHVGHDJRVWRHVHWHPEUR
 HPXPDORMDGDFRQFRUUrQFLD PRVWUDGDDVHJXLU H
 (QHP   2V DOXQRV GD GLVFLSOLQD GH SUHWHQGH LQFUHPHQWDU VXDV YHQGDV HP UHODomR D
HVWDWtVWLFD HP XP FXUVR XQLYHUVLWiULR UHDOL]DP VHX FRQFRUUHQWH FRORFDQGR QD WHUFHLUD SUDWHOHLUD
TXDWUR DYDOLDo}HV SRU VHPHVWUH FRP RV SHVRV GH GH VHX VXSHUPHUFDGR R SURGXWR TXH WHYH R PDLRU
   H  UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH1RILQDO tQGLFH GH DXPHQWR QDV YHQGDV QR PrV GH
GRVHPHVWUHSUHFLVDPREWHUXPDPpGLDQDVTXDWUR VHWHPEUR HP UHODomR DR PrV GH DJRVWR QD ORMD
DYDOLDo}HV GH QR PtQLPR   SRQWRV SDUD VHUHP FRQFRUUHQWH

112 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 'HSRLVGHHVFROKHURPRGHORGHVHMDGRRUDSD]ID]
1~PHURGH 1~PHURGH XPD SHVTXLVD VREUH DV FRQGLo}HV GH FRPSUD HP
XQLGDGHV XQLGDGHV WUrV ORMDV GLIHUHQWHV (P FDGD XPD p LQIRUPDGR
3URGXWR
YHQGLGDVHP YHQGLGDVHP VREUH R YDORU TXH D ORMD SDJDULD SRU VHX FDUUR
DJRVWR VHWHPEUR XVDGR QR FDVR GH D FRPSUD VHU IHLWD QD SUySULD
,     ORMD 1DV WUrV ORMDV VmR FREUDGRV MXURV VLPSOHV
,,     VREUH R YDORU D VHU ILQDQFLDGR H D GXUDomR GR
    ILQDQFLDPHQWR p GH XP DQR 2 UDSD] HVFROKHUi D
,,,
ORMD HP TXH R WRWDO HP UHDO D VHU GHVHPEROVDGR
,9    
VHUi PHQRU 2 TXDGUR UHVXPH R UHVXOWDGR GD
9     SHVTXLVD
 
2FRPHUFLDQWHGHYHFRORFDUQDWHUFHLUDSUDWHOHLUDR 9DORU
SURGXWRQ~PHUR 9DORUGR
RIHUHFLGR 3HUFHQWXDO
 /RMD FDUURQRYR
SHORFDUUR GHMXURV  
D , 5 
XVDGR 5 
E ,, $      DRDQR
F ,,,
G ,9 %      DRDQR
H 9 &      DRDQR
 
 (QHP 2FROHVWHUROWRWDOGHXPDSHVVRD $TXDQWLDDVHUGHVHPEROVDGDSHORUDSD]HPUHDO
pREWLGRSHODVRPDGDWD[DGRVHX³FROHVWHUROERP³ VHUi
FRP D WD[D GR VHX ³FROHVWHURO UXLP´ 2V H[DPHV 
SHULyGLFRV UHDOL]DGRV HP XP SDFLHQWH DGXOWR D   
DSUHVHQWDUDP WD[D QRUPDO GH ³FROHVWHURO ERP´ E   
SRUpPWD[DGR³FROHVWHUROUXLP´ WDPEpPFKDPDGR F   
/'/ GH  PJ G/  G   
2 TXDGUR DSUHVHQWD XPD FODVVLILFDomR GH DFRUGR H   
FRPDVWD[DVGH/'/HPDGXOWRV 
  (QHP   1XP GLD GH WHPSHVWDGH D
7D[DGH/'/ PJG/  DOWHUDomR QD SURIXQGLGDGH GH XP ULR QXP
ÏWLPD 0HQRUGRTXH   GHWHUPLQDGR ORFDO IRL UHJLVWUDGD GXUDQWH XP
3Uy[LPDGHyWLPD 'H  D   SHUtRGRGH  KRUDV2VUHVXOWDGRVHVWmRLQGLFDGRV
/LPLWH 'H  D   QR JUiILFR GH OLQKDV 1HOH D SURIXQGLGDGH K 
$OWD 'H  D   UHJLVWUDGDjV  KRUDVQmRIRLDQRWDGDHDSDUWLU
0XLWRDOWD  RXPDLV GH K  FDGD XQLGDGH VREUH R HL[R YHUWLFDO
 UHSUHVHQWDXPPHWUR
'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZPLQKDYLGDRRPEU 
$FHVVRHPRXW DGDSWDGR 

2 SDFLHQWH VHJXLQGR DV UHFRPHQGDo}HV PpGLFDV
VREUH HVWLOR GH YLGD H DOLPHQWDomR UHDOL]RX R
H[DPHORJRDSyVRSULPHLURPrVHDWD[DGH/'/
UHGX]LX  1R PrV VHJXLQWH UHDOL]RX QRYR
H[DPH H FRQVWDWRX XPD UHGXomR GH PDLV  QD
WD[DGH/'/

'H DFRUGR FRP R UHVXOWDGR GR VHJXQGR H[DPH D 

FODVVLILFDomRGDWD[DGH/'/GRSDFLHQWHp
 )RL LQIRUPDGR TXH HQWUH   KRUDV H   KRUDV D
D  yWLPD SURIXQGLGDGHGRULRGLPLQXLXHP
E  SUy[LPDGHyWLPD ¬V   KRUDV TXDO p D SURIXQGLGDGH GR ULR HP
F  OLPLWH PHWURQRORFDORQGHIRUDPIHLWRVRVUHJLVWURV"
G  DOWD 
H  PXLWRDOWD D   
 E   
 (QHP 33/   8P UDSD] SRVVXL XP FDUUR F   
XVDGRHGHVHMDXWLOL]iORFRPRSDUWHGRSDJDPHQWR G   
QD FRPSUD GH XP FDUUR QRYR (OH VDEH TXH
H   
PHVPRDVVLPWHUiTXHILQDQFLDUSDUWHGRYDORUGD

FRPSUD


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 113


 (QHP /LEUDV    8P HVWXGDQWH HODERURX 
XPDSODQWDEDL[DGHVXDVDODGHDXOD$VDODFRP D  ,
IRUPD GH UHWkQJXOR WHP ODGRV PHGLQGR  P  H E  ,,
 P  1R GHVHQKR IHLWR SHOR HVWXGDQWH RV ODGRV F  ,,,
G  ,9
GDILJXUDPHGLDPFPHFP H  9
$IUDomRTXHUHSUHVHQWDDUD]mRHQWUHDVPHGLGDV 
GRV ODGRV GD ILJXUD GHVHQKDGD H DV PHGLGDV GRV  (QHP33/ 1RFHQWURGHXPDSUDoDVHUi
ODGRVGRUHWkQJXORTXHUHSUHVHQWDDVDODRULJLQDOp FRQVWUXtGD XPD HVWiWXD TXH RFXSDUi XP WHUUHQR
 TXDGUDGR FRP iUHD GH   PHWURV TXDGUDGRV 2
 H[HFXWRUGDREUDSHUFHEHXTXHDHVFDODGRGHVHQKR
D 
 QDSODQWDEDL[DGRSURMHWRpGH
 1D SODQWD EDL[D D iUHD GD ILJXUD TXH UHSUHVHQWD
E 
 HVVHWHUUHQRHPFHQWtPHWURTXDGUDGRp
 
F  D   

E   
 F   
G 
 G   
 H   
H 
 
  (QHP 33/   2 HVWDGR GH TXDOTXHU
 (QHP 33/   8PD HTXLSH GH VXEVWkQFLD JDVRVD p GHWHUPLQDGD SHOD PHGLGD GH
DPELHQWDOLVWDV DSUHVHQWRX XP PDSD GH XPD WUrV JUDQGH]DV R YROXPH 9   D SUHVVmR 3  H D
UHVHUYD DPELHQWDO HP TXH IDOWDYD D HVSHFLILFDomR WHPSHUDWXUD 7  GHVVD VXEVWkQFLD 3DUD RV
GD HVFDOD XWLOL]DGD SDUD D VXD FRQIHFomR 2
SUREOHPDIRLUHVROYLGRSRLVXPGRVLQWHJUDQWHVGD FKDPDGRV JDVHV ³LGHDLV´ R YDORU GR TXRFLHQWH
HTXLSH OHPEUDYDVH GH TXH D GLVWkQFLD UHDO GH 3˜9
 p VHPSUH FRQVWDQWH &RQVLGHUH XP
 NP  SHUFRUULGD QD UHVHUYD HTXLYDOLD D  FP  7
QRPDSD UHVHUYDWyULR TXH HVWi FKHLR GH XP JiV LGHDO 6HP
 YD]DU R JiV UHDOL]DVH XPD FRPSUHVVmR GR
4XDOIRLDHVFDODXWLOL]DGDQDFRQIHFomRGRPDSD" UHVHUYDWyULR UHGX]LQGR VHX YROXPH j PHWDGH $R
 PHVPR WHPSR XPD IRQWH GH FDORU ID] D
D     WHPSHUDWXUD GR JiV VHU TXDGUXSOLFDGD &RQVLGHUH
3 H 3 UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHRVYDORUHVGDSUHVVmRGR
E    
F     JiV QR UHVHUYDWyULR DQWHV H GHSRLV GR
G     SURFHGLPHQWRGHVFULWR

H    
$UHODomRHQWUH 3 H 3 p
 
 (QHP /LEUDV    8P MRJR GH EROLFKH 3
FRQVLVWHHPDUUHPHVVDUXPDERODVREUHXPDSLVWD D  3 
FRP R REMHWLYR GH DWLQJLU H GHUUXEDU R PDLRU 
Q~PHUR GH SLQRV 3DUD HVFROKHU XP GHQWUH FLQFR 3
E  3 
MRJDGRUHV SDUD FRPSOHWDU VXD HTXLSH XP WpFQLFR 
FDOFXODSDUDFDGDMRJDGRUDUD]mRHQWUHRQ~PHUR F  3 3 
GHDUUHPHVVRVHPTXHHOHGHUUXERXWRGRVRVSLQRV G  3 3 
H R WRWDO GH DUUHPHVVRV HIHWXDGRV SRU HVVH
MRJDGRU2WpFQLFRHVFROKHUiRMRJDGRUTXHREWLYHU H  3 3 
DPDLRUUD]mR2GHVHPSHQKRGRVMRJDGRUHVHVWi 
QRTXDGUR  (QHP   (P XPD GH VXDV YLDJHQV XP
 WXULVWD FRPSURX XPD OHPEUDQoD GH XP GRV
1žGHDUUHPHVVRVHP
1žWRWDOGH
PRQXPHQWRV TXH YLVLWRX 1D EDVH GR REMHWR Ki
-RJDGRU TXHGHUUXERXWRGRV LQIRUPDo}HVGL]HQGRTXHVHWUDWDGHXPDSHoDHP
DUUHPHVVRV
RVSLQRV HVFDOD   HTXHVHXYROXPHpGHFP
,     2YROXPHGRPRQXPHQWRRULJLQDOHPPHWURF~ELFR
,,     pGH
,,,     
D 
,9    
E 
9     F 
 G 
'HYHVHUHVFROKLGRRMRJDGRU H 

114 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP /LEUDV    $WXDOPHQWH PXLWDV D  ,
SHVVRDV SURFXUDP UHDOL]DU XPD GLHWD PDLV E  ,,
VDXGiYHO8PGRVSULQFLSDLVREMHWLYRVpDUHGXomR F  ,,,
GRFRQVXPRFDOyULFR G  ,9
 H  9
2 JUiILFR IRUQHFH RYDORUHQHUJpWLFR HP NFDO  HP 
 (QHP   2 UHVXOWDGR GH XPD SHVTXLVD
IXQomR GR YROXPH GD SRUomR HP P/ SDUD FLQFR
HOHLWRUDO VREUH D SUHIHUrQFLD GRV HOHLWRUHV HP
GLIHUHQWHVWLSRVGHEHELGDV$%&'H(
 UHODomR D GRLV FDQGLGDWRV IRL UHSUHVHQWDGR SRU
PHLRGR*UiILFR




(QWUH HVVHV FLQFR WLSRV GH EHELGDV TXDO GHOHV
GHYH VHU HVFROKLGR SRU XPD SHVVRD TXH GHVHMD
UHGX]LURVHXFRQVXPRFDOyULFR"


 $R VHU GLYXOJDGR HVVH UHVXOWDGR HP MRUQDO R
D  $ *UiILFRIRLFRUWDGRGXUDQWHDGLDJUDPDomRFRPR
E  % PRVWUDR*UiILFR
F  & 
G  '
H  (

 (QHP /LEUDV  8PDLQG~VWULDXWLOL]DXP
tQGLFHGHGHVHPSHQKRSDUDDVVXDVPiTXLQDVTXH
p GLUHWDPHQWH SURSRUFLRQDO j TXDQWLGDGH WRWDO GH
SHoDV SURGX]LGDV H LQYHUVDPHQWH SURSRUFLRQDO DR
TXDGUDGR GD TXDQWLGDGH GH SHoDV GHIHLWXRVDV
SURGX]LGDV (P XP VHPHVWUH FLQFR PiTXLQDV
SURGX]LDP D PHVPD TXDQWLGDGH 7  GH SHoDV
VHQGR ' GHODVGHIHLWXRVDV1RVHPHVWUHVHJXLQWH
KRXYHXPDDOWHUDomRQDTXDQWLGDGHWRWDOGHSHoDV
SURGX]LGDV SRU FDGD PiTXLQD H WDPEpP QD 

TXDQWLGDGHGHSHoDVGHIHLWXRVDVGHDFRUGRFRPR $SHVDU GH RV YDORUHV DSUHVHQWDGRV HVWDUHP
TXDGUR FRUUHWRV H D ODUJXUD GDV FROXQDV VHU D PHVPD
 PXLWRV OHLWRUHV FULWLFDUDP R IRUPDWR GR *UiILFR 
3HoDV LPSUHVVR QR MRUQDO DOHJDQGR TXH KRXYH SUHMXt]R
0iTXLQDV 7RWDOGHSHoDV YLVXDOSDUDRFDQGLGDWR%
GHIHLWXRVDV
 7   '  $ GLIHUHQoD HQWUH DV UD]}HV GD DOWXUD GD FROXQD %
,
SHODFROXQD$QRVJUiILFRVHp
,,  7   '  
,,,  7   '  D   

,9  7    '  E  

9   7   '  
F  
 
$ PiTXLQD TXH PDQWHYH R PHVPR tQGLFH GH 
GHVHPSHQKRGRVHPHVWUHDQWHULRUIRLD G 
 
 
H 
 


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 115


 (QHP 33/    1XPD WDUHID HVFRODU XP YLVXDOSDUDVHDVVLVWLUjWHOHYLVmRGH  SROHJDGDV
DOXQR SUHFLVDYD ID]HU D SODQWD EDL[D GH VXD FDVD pGH  PHWURV6XSRQKDTXHKDMDXPDUHODomRGH
HPXPDHVFDOD   (OHYHULILFRXTXHDEDVHGD SURSRUFLRQDOLGDGH GLUHWD HQWUH R WDPDQKR GD WHOD
FDVD HUD UHWDQJXODU WHQGR   PHWURV GH PHGLGR HP SROHJDGD  H D GLVWkQFLD LGHDO
FRPSULPHQWRH  PHWURVGHODUJXUD2DOXQRIRLD &RQVLGHUH TXH XP HVSHFWDGRU GLVS}H GH XPD
XPDSDSHODULDHOiREVHUYRXTXHKDYLDFLQFRWLSRV WHOHYLVmR GH   SROHJDGDV H TXH HOH GHVHMD VH
GH IROKDV GH SDSHO WRGDV FRP GLIHUHQWHV SRVLFLRQDUHPIUHQWHDHODFRPFRQIRUWRYLVXDO
GLPHQV}HV 2 TXDGUR FRQWpP RV FLQFR WLSRV GH 
IROKDV FRP VHXV FRPSULPHQWRV H ODUJXUDV $ GLVWkQFLD GD WHOHYLVmR HP PHWUR HP TXH R
IRUQHFLGRVHPFHQWtPHWUR HVSHFWDGRU GHYH VH SRVLFLRQDU SDUD TXH WHQKD
 FRQIRUWRYLVXDOpPDLVSUy[LPDGH
)ROKDGH 
&RPSULPHQWR /DUJXUD
SDSHO D   
7LSR,     E   
7LSR,,    
F   
7LSR,,,    
G   
7LSR,9    
H   
7LSR9    


 (QHP 3DUDXPDWHPSRUDGDGDVFRUULGDV
2DOXQRDQDOLVRXRVFLQFRWLSRVGHIROKDHFRPSURX
GH )yUPXOD  D FDSDFLGDGH GR WDQTXH GH
DTXHSRVVXtDDVGLPHQV}HVPtQLPDVQHFHVViULDV
SDUD TXH HOH IL]HVVH D SODQWD GH VXD FDVD QD FRPEXVWtYHOGHFDGDFDUURSDVVRXDVHUGH  NJ 
HVFDOD GHVHMDGD GHL[DQGR H[DWDPHQWH   GH JDVROLQD 8PD HTXLSH RSWRX SRU XWLOL]DU XPD
FHQWtPHWURV GH PDUJHP HP FDGD XP GRV TXDWUR JDVROLQD FRP GHQVLGDGH GH   JUDPDV SRU OLWUR
ODGRVGDIROKD LQLFLDQGRDFRUULGDFRPRWDQTXHFKHLR1DSULPHLUD
 SDUDGDGHUHDEDVWHFLPHQWRXPFDUURGHVVDHTXLSH
$IROKDHVFROKLGDSHORDOXQRIRLDGHWLSR DSUHVHQWRX XP UHJLVWUR HP VHX FRPSXWDGRU GH
 ERUGRDFXVDQGRRFRQVXPRGHTXDWURGpFLPRVGD
D  , JDVROLQD RULJLQDOPHQWH H[LVWHQWH QR WDQTXH 3DUD
E  ,, PLQLPL]DU R SHVR GHVVH FDUUR H JDUDQWLU R WpUPLQR
F  ,,, GDFRUULGDDHTXLSHGHDSRLRUHDEDVWHFHXRFDUUR
G  ,9 FRP D WHUoD SDUWH GR TXH UHVWRX QR WDQTXH QD
H  9 FKHJDGDDRUHDEDVWHFLPHQWR

 'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZVXSHUGDQLORISDJHFRPEU
 (QHP /LEUDV     8PD HPSUHVD YHQGH $FHVVRHPMXO DGDSWDGR 
[DURSHGHJXDUDQiDXPDGLVWULEXLGRUDGHEHELGDV 
SRU 5   R OLWUR 2 WUDQVSRUWH GHVVH [DURSH p $ TXDQWLGDGH GH JDVROLQD XWLOL]DGD HP OLWUR QR
IHLWR SRU PHLR GH FDPLQK}HVWDQTXH TXH UHDEDVWHFLPHQWRIRL
WUDQVSRUWDP   OLWURV D FDGD YLDJHP 2 IUHWH 
GH XP GHVVHV FDPLQK}HV p GH 5   SRU 
D 
YLDJHP SDJR SHOR GRQR GD GLVWULEXLGRUD (OH 
SUHWHQGHHVWDEHOHFHURSUHoRGROLWURGR[DURSHGH 
JXDUDQiSDUDUHYHQGDGHPRGRDREWHUXPOXFURGH E 

5  SRUOLWUR

 F 
4XDOpRYDORUPDLVSUy[LPRHPUHDOSDUDRSUHoR 
GH YHQGD GR OLWUR GH [DURSH GH JXDUDQi D VHU G   u  
HVWDEHOHFLGRSHORGRQRGDGLVWULEXLGRUD" H   u  
 
D    
E     (QHP /LEUDV  8PDQGDULOKRVXELXXPD
F    PRQWDQKDSRUXPDWULOKDVLQXRVD(VVDWULOKDSRVVXL
G      PHWURV GH WUHFKRV tQJUHPHV H   PHWURV
GH WUHFKRV VXDYHV 8P HVFDODGRU VXELX HVVD
H   
PHVPDPRQWDQKDSRUXPDYLDGHHVFDODGDYHUWLFDO
 GH   PHWURV H XPD WULOKD GH WUHFKR VXDYH GH
 (QHP 33/   8PD WHOHYLVmR SRGH VHU  PHWURV
SRVLFLRQDGD GH PRGR TXH VH FRQVLJD HQ[HUJDU RV

GHWDOKHV GH XPD LPDJHP HP DOWD GHILQLomR
$ UD]mR HQWUH D GLVWkQFLD GH VXELGD GD PRQWDQKD
&RQVLGHUH TXH D GLVWkQFLD LGHDO FRP FRQIRUWR
GRHVFDODGRUHPUHODomRjGRDQGDULOKRp

116 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 DFDGD  KRUDVHPLQWHUYDORVGHWHPSRLJXDLV2
D 
 SULPHLURFRPSULPLGRIRLLQJHULGRjV  K 
 (VVHSDFLHQWHGHYHUiWRPDURSUy[LPRFRPSULPLGR
E  jV



F  D   K 

E   K 
G  
H   F   K 
 G   K 
 (QHP /LEUDV    8PD FRPSHWLomR H   K 
DXWRPRELOtVWLFD SUHYr D UHDOL]DomR GH XPD YLDJHP

HQWUHDVFLGDGHV;H<FRPXPDSDUDGDQDFLGDGH
 (QHP /LEUDV    8PD SDGDULD IDEULFD
LQWHUPHGLiULD = RQGH RV FRPSHWLGRUHV SDVVDUmR D
ELVFRLWRVTXHVmRHPEDODGRVHPSDFRWHVFRPGH]
QRLWH2QDYHJDGRUGHXPDHTXLSHGHFLGHID]HUXP
PDSDFRQWHQGRXPDURWDTXHSDVVDSRUHVVDVWUrV XQLGDGHV H FDGD SDFRWH SHVD   JUDPDV 1D
FLGDGHV 1HVVH PDSD p XWLOL]DGD XPD HVFDOD WDO LQIRUPDomR DR FRQVXPLGRU OrVH $ FDGD  
TXH D GLVWkQFLD HQWUH DV FLGDGHV ; H = p GH  JUDPDV GR ELVFRLWR FRUUHVSRQGHP  
FHQWtPHWURVHDGLVWkQFLDHQWUHDVFLGDGHV = H <  TXLORFDORULDV
p GH  FHQWtPHWURV 6DEHVH TXH D GLVWkQFLD UHDO 4XDQWDVTXLORFDORULDVWHPXPGHVVHVELVFRLWRV"
GH ; D < p GH  TXLO{PHWURV H TXH DV WUrV 
FLGDGHVVmRUHSUHVHQWDGDVQRPDSDDRORQJRGH D   
XPDPHVPDOLQKDUHWD E   
$GLVWkQFLDGH;D=HPTXLO{PHWURVpLJXDOD F   
 G   
D    H   
E    
F     (QHP $PHQVDJHPGLJLWDGDQRFHOXODU
G    HQTXDQWRYRFrGLULJHWLUDDVXDDWHQomRHSRULVVR
H    GHYH VHU HYLWDGD 3HVTXLVDV PRVWUDP TXH XP
 PRWRULVWD TXH GLULJH XP FDUUR D XPD YHORFLGDGH
 (QHP33/ 8PDLQG~VWULDWHPXPVHWRU FRQVWDQWHSHUFRUUH³jVFHJDV´ LVWRpVHPWHUYLVmR
WRWDOPHQWH DXWRPDWL]DGR 6mR TXDWUR PiTXLQDV GD SLVWD  XPD GLVWkQFLD SURSRUFLRQDO DR WHPSR
LJXDLV TXH WUDEDOKDP VLPXOWkQHD H JDVWRDROKDUSDUDRFHOXODUGXUDQWHDGLJLWDomRGD
LQLQWHUUXSWDPHQWHGXUDQWHXPDMRUQDGDGH  KRUDV PHQVDJHP &RQVLGHUH TXH LVVR GH IDWR DFRQWHoD
$SyV HVVH SHUtRGR DV PiTXLQDV VmR GHVOLJDGDV 6XSRQKDTXHGRLVPRWRULVWDV ;H< GLULJHPFRPD
SRU  PLQXWRV SDUD PDQXWHQomR 6H DOJXPD PHVPD YHORFLGDGH FRQVWDQWH H GLJLWDP D PHVPD
PiTXLQD SUHFLVDU GH PDLV PDQXWHQomR ILFDUi PHQVDJHP HP VHXV FHOXODUHV 6XSRQKD DLQGD
SDUDGDDWpDSUy[LPDPDQXWHQomR TXH R WHPSR JDVWR SHOR PRWRULVWD ; ROKDQGR SDUD
&HUWR GLD HUD QHFHVViULR TXH DV TXDWUR PiTXLQDV VHX FHOXODU HQTXDQWR GLJLWD D PHQVDJHP
SURGX]LVVHP XP WRWDO GH  LWHQV 2 WUDEDOKR FRUUHVSRQGHD  GRWHPSRJDVWRSHORPRWRULVWD
FRPHoRX D VHU IHLWR jV  KRUDV 'XUDQWH XPD <SDUDH[HFXWDUDPHVPDWDUHID

MRUQDGD GH   KRUDV SURGX]LUDP  LWHQV PDV 'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSJJORERFRP
QD PDQXWHQomR REVHUYRXVH TXH XPD PiTXLQD $FHVVRHPMXO DGDSWDGR 
SUHFLVDYD ILFDU SDUDGD 4XDQGR R VHUYLoR IRL 
ILQDOL]DGR DV WUrV PiTXLQDV TXH FRQWLQXDUDP $ UD]mR HQWUH DV GLVWkQFLDV SHUFRUULGDV jV FHJDV
RSHUDQGR SDVVDUDP SRU XPD QRYD PDQXWHQomR SRU ; H < QHVVDRUGHPpLJXDOD
FKDPDGDGHPDQXWHQomRGHHVJRWDPHQWR 
(P TXH KRUiULR FRPHoRX D PDQXWHQomR GH 
HVJRWDPHQWR" D 
 
D  K  PLQ  
E 
E  K  PLQ  
F  K  PLQ  
F 

G  K  PLQ 

H  K  PLQ  G 



 (QHP /LEUDV    8P SDFLHQWH UHFHEHX H 
XPDSUHVFULomRSDUDWRPDUXPDQWLELyWLFR  YH]HV 



ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 117


 (QHP33/ 1RSUy[LPRILPGHVHPDQD &KDPDQGRGH [ RYDORUGROLWURGHJDVROLQDHGH \ 
XPD SHVVRD UHFHEHUi YLVLWDV HP VXD FDVD R YDORU GR OLWUR GH HWDQRO D VLWXDomR HP TXH
SUHFLVDQGR SRUWDQWR FRPSUDU UHIULJHUDQWH 3DUD DEDVWHFHU FRP JDVROLQD p HFRQRPLFDPHQWH PDLV
LVVR HOD IH] D SHVTXLVD GH SUHoRV HP GRLV YDQWDMRVDGRTXHDEDVWHFHUFRPHWDQROpH[SUHVVD
VXSHUPHUFDGRVHPRQWRXHVWDWDEHOD SRU
 
9ROXPHGD 3UHoRQR 3UHoRQR
[ 
JDUUDID3(7 6XSHUPHUFDGR 6XSHUPHUFDGR% D 
/ $ 5  5  \ 
      [ 
E 
      \ 
      [ 
F ! 
      \ 
      [ 
G ! 
 \ 
(ODSUHWHQGHFRPSUDUDSHQDVJDUUDIDVTXHWHQKDP
DPHVPDFDSDFLGDGH [ 
H  
 \ 
,QGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GH HP TXDO VXSHUPHUFDGR 
HVVD SHVVRD IDUi D FRPSUD D ILP GH WHU R PHQRU  (QHP /LEUDV    8P DWDFDGLVWD FRPSUD
FXVWR HOD GHYHUi DGTXLULU JDUUDIDV FRP TXH GHXPDIiEULFDXPSURGXWRSRU 5  HUHSDVVD
FDSDFLGDGH" jVORMDVSRUXPSUHoR  VXSHULRU3DUDREWHUHP

XPOXFURVXILFLHQWHFRPRSURGXWRRVORMLVWDVID]HP
D   P/ 
D UHYHQGD FRP DFUpVFLPR GH SUHoR GH   GR
E   /  YDORUSHORTXDOFRPSUDUDP
F   /  
G   /  4XDO p R SUHoR ILQDO HP UHDO GH XP SURGXWR TXH
SDVVRXSHODVWUrVHWDSDVOLVWDGDV"
H   /  
 D  5  
 (QHP /LEUDV  3DUDDFRQVWUXomRGHXP
E  5  
HGLItFLR R HQJHQKHLUR UHVSRQViYHO GHFLGLX XWLOL]DU
XP QRYR HOHYDGRU GH FDUJD FRP R REMHWLYR GH F  5  
WUDQVSRUWDU DV ODMRWDV GR VROR DWp R DQGDU VXSHULRU G  5  
FRPPDLRUHILFLrQFLD7HVWDUDPVHGRLVPRGHORVGH H  5  
HOHYDGRUHVRSULPHLURFDUUHJD  SHoDVGHODMRWDV

SRU YH] H GHPRUD   PLQXWRV SDUD LU DR WRSR H
 (QHP /LEUDV  8PDGLVWULEXLGRUDSRVVXL
UHWRUQDU DR VROR R VHJXQGR FDUUHJD   SHoDV GH   PLO OLWURV GH FRPEXVWtYHO HP HVWRTXH 7DO
ODMRWDV SRU YH] H GHPRUD   PLQXWRV SDUD FRPEXVWtYHO p UHVXOWDQWH GD PLVWXUD GH HWDQRO H
SHUFRUUHU R PHVPR WUDMHWR 2 HQJHQKHLUR GHFLGH JDVROLQD SXUD GH DFRUGR FRP RV SHUFHQWXDLV GH
YHULILFDU TXDQWR WHPSR R SULPHLUR GHPRUD SDUD   GH HWDQRO H   GH JDVROLQD SXUD 3DUD
FDUUHJDU   ODMRWDV DWp R WRSR H YROWDU (P DWHQGHU DRV QRYRV SDUkPHWURV QDFLRQDLV QD
VHJXLGD GHFLGH FDOFXODU D TXDQWLGDGH Pi[LPD GH PLVWXUD GRV FRPEXVWtYHLV R GRQR GD GLVWULEXLGRUD
ODMRWDV TXH R VHJXQGR HOHYDGRU FDUUHJDULD QHVVH SUHFLVDUiDOWHUDURVSHUFHQWXDLVGHFRPSRVLomRGR
PHVPRWHPSR FRPEXVWtYHO SUHVHQWH QR WDQTXH SDUD   GH
1HVVDVFRQGLo}HVDTXDQWLGDGHPi[LPDGHODMRWDV
HWDQROH  GHJDVROLQDSXUD
TXHRVHJXQGRHOHYDGRUSRGHFDUUHJDUp
6H R GRQR GD GLVWULEXLGRUD LUi DGHTXDU R

FRPEXVWtYHO HP HVWRTXH DR QRYR SDGUmR
D   
DGLFLRQDQGR JDVROLQD SXUD DRV   PLO OLWURV
E   
H[LVWHQWHV D TXDQWLD GH JDVROLQD HP OLWUR D VHU
F    DGLFLRQDGDVHUi
G    
H    D   
 E   
 (QHP 33/   8P PRWRULVWD GH XP FDUUR F   
IOH[ ELFRPEXVWtYHO  FDOFXOD TXH DEDVWHFLGR FRP
G   
 OLWURVGHJDVROLQDRXFRPOLWURVGHHWDQROR
H   
FDUURSHUFRUUHDPHVPDGLVWkQFLD
 

118 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP 33/   (P FHUWD ORMD GH URXSDV R  (QHP 33/   8PD IiEULFD GH SDSHO
OXFUR QD YHQGD GH XPD FDPLVHWD p GH   GR KLJLrQLFR SURGX] HPEDODJHQV FRP TXDWUR URORV GH
SUHoR GH FXVWR GD FDPLVHWD SDJR SHOD ORMD -i R  P  FDGD FXMR SUHoR SDUD R FRQVXPLGRU p
OXFUR QD YHQGD GH XPD EHUPXGD p GH   GR 5  8PDQRYDHPEDODJHPFRPGH]URORVGH
SUHoR GH FXVWR GD EHUPXGD H QD YHQGD GH XPD
 P  FDGD GH PHVPD ODUJXUD VHUi ODQoDGD QR
FDOoDROXFURpGH  VREUHRSUHoRGHFXVWRGD
FDOoD 8P FOLHQWH FRPSURX QHVVD ORMD GXDV PHUFDGR2SUHoRGRSURGXWRQDQRYDHPEDODJHP
FDPLVHWDV FXMR SUHoR GH FXVWR IRL 5  FDGD GHYH VHU HTXLYDOHQWH DR Mi SURGX]LGR PDV SDUD
XPDXPDEHUPXGDTXHWHYHSUHoRGHFXVWRGH5 LQFHQWLYDUDVYHQGDVLQLFLDOPHQWHRSUHoRGHYHQGD
HGXDVFDOoDVDPEDVFRPPHVPRSUHoRGH WHUiXPGHVFRQWRGH  
FXVWR 6DEHVH TXH FRP HVVD FRPSUD R FOLHQWH 
SURSRUFLRQRXXPOXFURGH 5  SDUDDORMD 3DUDTXHLVVRDFRQWHoDRSUHoRGHYHQGDGDQRYD
HPEDODJHPHPUHDOGHYHVHU
&RQVLGHUDQGR HVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV TXDO IRL R SUHoR 
GHFXVWRHPUHDOSDJRSRUXPDFDOoD"
D   

D    E   
E    F   
F    G   
G    H   
H    
  (QHP   4XDQWR WHPSR YRFr ILFD
 (QHP33/ 2JRYHUQRGHFLGLXUHGX]LUGH FRQHFWDGR j LQWHUQHW" 3DUD UHVSRQGHU D HVVD
 SDUD  R WHRU GH iOFRRO DQLGUR PLVWXUDGR j SHUJXQWD IRL FULDGR XP PLQLDSOLFDWLYR GH
JDVROLQDYHQGLGDQRVSRVWRVGRSDtV&RQVLGHUHTXH FRPSXWDGRU TXH URGD QD iUHD GH WUDEDOKR SDUD
DPpGLDGHGHVHPSHQKR RXVHMDDTXDQWLGDGHGH JHUDU DXWRPDWLFDPHQWH XP JUiILFR GH VHWRUHV
TXLO{PHWURV NP TXHXP FDUURDQGDFRP OLWURGH PDSHDQGRRWHPSRTXHXPDSHVVRDDFHVVDFLQFR
FRPEXVWtYHO p GLUHWDPHQWH SURSRUFLRQDO j VLWHV YLVLWDGRV (P XP FRPSXWDGRU IRL REVHUYDGR
SRUFHQWDJHP GH JDVROLQD SUHVHQWH QR FRPEXVWtYHO TXH KRXYH XP DXPHQWR VLJQLILFDWLYR GR WHPSR GH
H TXH D PpGLD GH GHVHPSHQKR GH XP FDUUR DQWHV DFHVVR GD VH[WDIHLUD SDUD R ViEDGR QRV FLQFR
GDGHFLVmRGRJRYHUQRHUDGHNP/ VLWHVPDLVDFHVVDGRV$VHJXLUWHPRVRVGDGRVGR
 PLQLDSOLFDWLYRSDUDHVVHVGLDV
1DV FRQGLo}HV GR WH[WR TXDO VHUi D HVWLPDWLYD GD 
PpGLD GH GHVHPSHQKR DSyV D UHGXomR GH iOFRRO
DQLGURQRFRPEXVWtYHO"

D   NP / 
E   NP / 
F   NP / 
G   NP / 
H   NP /  

 $QDOLVDQGR RV JUiILFRV GR FRPSXWDGRU D PDLRU
 (QHP 33/   $ EDL[D SURFXUD SRU FDUQH WD[D GH DXPHQWR QR WHPSR GH DFHVVR GD VH[WD
ERYLQD H R DXPHQWR GH RIHUWD GH DQLPDLV SDUD IHLUDSDUDRViEDGRIRLQRVLWH
DEDWH IL]HUDP FRP TXH R SUHoR GD DUURED GR ERL 
DSUHVHQWDVVHTXHGDSDUDRFRQVXPLGRU1RDQRGH D  ; 
RSUHoRGDDUUREDGRERLFDLXGH5 E  < 
SDUD 5   F  = 


'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZGLDULRGHPDULOLDFRPEU G  : 
$FHVVRHPDJR H  8 


&RP R PHVPR YDORU GHVWLQDGR j DTXLVLomR GH
 (QHP    8P HPSUpVWLPR IRL IHLWR D WD[D
FDUQH HP WHUPRV GH SHUGD RX JDQKR R
FRQVXPLGRU PHQVDO GH L  XVDQGR MXURV FRPSRVWRV HP RLWR
 SDUFHODVIL[DVHLJXDLVD 3 
D  JDQKRX  HPSRGHUDTXLVLWLYRGHFDUQH 2 GHYHGRU WHP D SRVVLELOLGDGH GH TXLWDU D GtYLGD
DQWHFLSDGDPHQWH D TXDOTXHU PRPHQWR SDJDQGR
E  JDQKRX  HPSRGHUDTXLVLWLYRGHFDUQH
SDUDLVVRRYDORUDWXDOGDVSDUFHODVDLQGDDSDJDU
F  JDQKRX  HPSRGHUDTXLVLWLYRGHFDUQH $SyVSDJDUDSDUFHODUHVROYHTXLWDUDGtYLGDQR
G  SHUGHX  HPSRGHUDTXLVLWLYRGHFDUQH DWRGHSDJDUDSDUFHOD
H  SHUGHX  HPSRGHUDTXLVLWLYRGHFDUQH

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 119


$ H[SUHVVmR TXH FRUUHVSRQGH DR YDORU WRWDO SDJR
SHODTXLWDomRGRHPSUpVWLPRp

ª º
« »
«   » 
D  3 «  
§ L · § »
« ¨  L · »
¸ 
«¬ ©  ¹ ¨©  ¸¹ »¼
ª º
«   »
E  3 «   » 
« § L · § L · »
« ¨    ¸ ¨    ¸ »
¬ © ¹ © ¹¼
ª º
« »
«   » 
F 3 «  
 »
« §  L · § L · »
«¬ ¨©  ¸¹ ¨    ¸ »
© ¹ ¼
ª º
«    »
G  3 «    » 
« § L · § L · § L · »
« ¨    ¸ ¨    ¸ ¨    ¸ »
¬ © ¹ © ¹ © ¹¼
ª º
« »
  
H  3 ««   
» 
»
§ L · §  
« ¨  L · § L · »
¸    
«¬ ©  ¹ ¨©  ¸¹ ¨  ¸ »
© ¹ ¼

GABARITO

% & ' & $
% ( % & %
& $ % $ (
( $ ' $ $
( ' ' $ $
% ( & & $
' ( $ ( (
% & $ % &
' % $ ' &
& ' % ' &
$ ' ( ' $
( & ' ( (
' $ ' % &
% % ( & %
& & ( ' %
% ( & ' $
$    




120 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO FUVEST (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
GEOMETRIA PLANA, ANALÍTICA E ESPACIAL

 

 )XYHVW   $ PHQRU HVIHUD QD TXDO XP  )XYHVW   8P SRQWR [ \  GR SODQR
SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWRUHWkQJXOR GH PHGLGDV FDUWHVLDQR SHUWHQFH DR FRQMXQWR )  VH p
FPuFPuFPHVWiLQVFULWRWHPGLkPHWURGH HTXLGLVWDQWH GRV HL[RV 2; H 2< H SHUWHQFH DR

FtUFXOR GH HTXDomR [  \ ± [ ± \     e
D FP
FRUUHWRDILUPDUTXH ) 
E FP

F FP
D  pXPFRQMXQWRYD]LR
G FP
H FP E  WHP H[DWDPHQWH   SRQWRV XP QR SULPHLUR
 TXDGUDQWHHRXWURQRVHJXQGRTXDGUDQWH

 F  WHPH[DWDPHQWH  SRQWRVDPERVQRSULPHLUR


TXDGUDQWH
 G  WHP H[DWDPHQWH   SRQWRV VHQGR GRLV QR

 SULPHLUR TXDGUDQWH H RXWUR QR VHJXQGR


TXDGUDQWH
 H  WHP H[DWDPHQWH   SRQWRV VHQGR GRLV QR

 SULPHLUR TXDGUDQWH H GRLV QR VHJXQGR


TXDGUDQWH





 )XYHVW 8PREMHWRpIRUPDGRSRU  KDVWHVUtJLGDVFRQHFWDGDVHPVHXVH[WUHPRVSRUDUWLFXODo}HV
FXMRV FHQWURV VmR RV YpUWLFHV GH XP SDUDOHORJUDPR $V KDVWHV PRYLPHQWDPVH GH WDO IRUPD TXH R
SDUDOHORJUDPR SHUPDQHFH VHPSUH QR PHVPR SODQR $ FDGD FRQILJXUDomR GHVVH REMHWR DVVRFLDVH Ʌ  D
PHGLGDGRPHQRUkQJXORLQWHUQRGRSDUDOHORJUDPR$iUHDGDUHJLmRGHOLPLWDGDSHORSDUDOHORJUDPRTXDQGR
Ʌ q p $ 





3DUDTXHDiUHDGDUHJLmRGHOLPLWDGDSHORSDUDOHORJUDPRVHMD $  RYDORUGH Ʌ pQHFHVVDULDPHQWHLJXDOD

D ž
E ž
F ž
G ž
H ž








ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 121





 )XYHVW   8PD HPSUHVD HVWXGD FREULU XP  )XYHVW   2 JUiILFR PRVWUD D HYROXomR
YmR HQWUH GRLV SUpGLRV FRP IRUPDWR GH GLiULD HP FHUWR LQWHUYDOR GH WHPSR QmR
SDUDOHOHStSHGRV UHWRUHWkQJXORV  TXH WrP SDUHGHV HVSHFLILFDGR QD DEVFLVVD GH GRLV tQGLFHV
ODWHUDLVSDUDOHODVLQVWDODQGRXPDORQDQDIRUPDGH HFRQ{PLFRV QRUPDOL]DGRV SDUD TXH VXDV PpGLDV
XP TXDGULOiWHUR FRP SRQWDV SUHVDV QRV SRQWRV QR PHVPR SHUtRGR VHMDP DPEDV LJXDLV D  2
$ % & H ' FRQIRUPHLQGLFDomRGDILJXUD YDORUGRtQGLFHQRGLD L p [L HRYDORUGRtQGLFH
 QRGLD L p \L  2JUiILFRLOXVWUDFRPRFDGDXPGRV
tQGLFHV [L H \L YDULDHPIXQomRGH L PRVWUDQGRRV
SRQWRV L [L  SRQWRV HVFXURV  H L \L  SRQWRV
FODURV 




6DEHQGR TXH D ODWHUDO GH XP SUpGLR WHP  P GH
DOWXUD H  P GH ODUJXUD TXH D ODWHUDO GR RXWUR
SUpGLRWHPPGHDOWXUDHPGHODUJXUDHTXH
HVVDV GXDV SDUHGHV ODWHUDLV GLVWDP  P XPD GD 
RXWUDDiUHDWRWDOGHVVDORQDVHULDGH 
 3DUD HQWHQGHU PHOKRU D UHODomR HQWUH RV GRLV
D  P tQGLFHV XP QRYR JUiILFR IRL IHLWR FRP RV SDUHV
E  P [L  \L  LVWRpFRPRtQGLFHQDDEVFLVVDFRQWUDR
F  P tQGLFHQDRUGHQDGD2UHVXOWDGRIRL
G  P 
H  P D 

 )XYHVW   $ ILJXUD PRVWUD XPD HVFDGD
PDFLoDGHTXDWURGHJUDXVWRGRVHOHVFRPIRUPDWR
GH XP SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWRUHWkQJXOR $ EDVH GH
FDGD GHJUDX p XP UHWkQJXOR GH GLPHQV}HV  FP
SRUFPHDGLIHUHQoDGHDOWXUDHQWUHRSLVRHR
SULPHLURGHJUDXHHQWUHRVGHJUDXVFRQVHFXWLYRVp
GHFP


E 

 

F
6H HVVD HVFDGD IRU SURORQJDGD SDUD WHU 
GHJUDXV PDQWHQGR R PHVPR SDGUmR VHX YROXPH
VHUiLJXDOD

D  P
E  P
F  P
G  P
H  P
  

122 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


G  6HQGR [ H \ DV PHGLGDV GRV kQJXORV LQGLFDGRV QD
ILJXUDDiUHDGDUHJLmRFLQ]DHPIXQomRGH[H\p

D Ɏ  VHQ [  VHQ \ 
E Ɏ  VHQ [  VHQ \ 
F Ɏ  FRV [  FRV \ 
FRV [  FRV \
G Ɏ 

 VHQ [  VHQ \
H Ɏ 
H  

 )XYHVW   2 SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWRUHWkQJXOR
$%&'()*+  UHSUHVHQWDGR QD ILJXUD WHP PHGLGD
GRVODGRV$% %& H%) 




 )XYHVW   3URORQJDQGRVH RV ODGRV GH XP
RFWyJRQR FRQYH[R $%&'()*+ REWpPVH XP
SROtJRQRHVWUHODGRFRQIRUPHDILJXUD
 

2VHQRGRkQJXOR+Æ)pLJXDOD



D 
 

E 


F 


 G 
 
$VRPD Ƚ    Ƚ  YDOH 
H 
 
D  q  
E  q   )XYHVW   8P UHVHUYDWyULR GH iJXD WHP R
F  q  IRUPDWRGHXPFRQHFLUFXODUUHWR2GLkPHWURGHVXD
G  q  EDVH TXH HVWi DSRLDGD VREUH R FKmR KRUL]RQWDO  p
H  q  LJXDOD  P 6XDDOWXUDpLJXDOD  P $SDUWLUGHXP
 LQVWDQWH HP TXH R UHVHUYDWyULR HVWi FRPSOHWDPHQWH
 )XYHVW   2 TXDGULOiWHUR GD ILJXUD HVWi YD]LR LQLFLDVH VHX HQFKLPHQWR FRP iJXD D XPD
LQVFULWR HP XPD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GH UDLR   $ YD]mRFRQVWDQWHGH  OLWURVSRUPLQXWR
GLDJRQDO GHVHQKDGD p XP GLkPHWUR GHVVD 2 WHPSR JDVWR SDUD TXH R QtYHO GH iJXD DWLQMD
FLUFXQIHUrQFLD PHWDGH GD DOWXUD GR UHVHUYDWyULR p GH

DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH


'DGRV
ƒ SpDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
ƒ 2YROXPH 9 GRFRQHFLUFXODUUHWRGHDOWXUDKH
 
UDLRGDEDVH U p 9 Ɏ U K 



D KRUDVHPLQXWRV
E KRUDVHPLQXWRV
F KRUDVHPLQXWRV
G KRUDVHPLQXWRV
 H KRUDVHPLQXWRV

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 123


 )XYHVW  'XDVFLUFXQIHUrQFLDVFRPUDLRV  )XYHVW 1DILJXUDRUHWkQJXOR$%&'WHP
H  WrP FHQWURV QR SULPHLUR TXDGUDQWH GR SODQR ODGRVGHFRPSULPHQWR$% H %&  6HMDP 0 
FDUWHVLDQR H DPEDV WDQJHQFLDP RV GRLV HL[RV RSRQWRPpGLRGRODGR %& H 1 RSRQWRPpGLRGR
FRRUGHQDGRV (VVDV FLUFXQIHUrQFLDV VH LQWHUFHSWDP
HP GRLV SRQWRV GLVWLQWRV GH FRRUGHQDGDV [\  H ODGR &' 2VVHJPHQWRV $0 H $& LQWHUFHSWDPR
[\  VHJPHQWR %1 QRVSRQWRV(H)UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
2YDORUGH [  \ 
 [   \   pLJXDOD 


D 


E 


F 
 
 
G  $iUHDGRWULkQJXOR$()pLJXDOD



H  
 D 
 
 )XYHVW   2 UHWkQJXOR $%&' 
E 
UHSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUDWHPODGRVGHFRPSULPHQWR 
$% H%& 2SRQWR3SHUWHQFHDRODGR %& H 
%3   2V SRQWRV 5 6 H 7 SHUWHQFHP DRV ODGRV F 

$%  &' H $' UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH2VHJPHQWR 56  
G 
p SDUDOHOR D $'  H LQWHUFHSWD '3  QR SRQWR 4 2 
VHJPHQWR 74 pSDUDOHORD $%  
H 
 

 )XYHVW &DGDDUHVWDGRWHWUDHGURUHJXODU
$%&' PHGH  3RUXPSRQWR3QDDUHVWD $& 
SDVVD R SODQR Ƚ  SDUDOHOR jV DUHVWDV $%  H &' 
'DGRTXH$3 RTXDGULOiWHURGHWHUPLQDGRSHODV
LQWHUVHo}HVGH Ƚ FRPDVDUHVWDVGRWHWUDHGURWHP
iUHDLJXDOD

D  
 
E 
 
 F  
6HQGR [ RFRPSULPHQWRGH $5 RPDLRUYDORUGD 
G 
VRPD GDV iUHDV GR UHWkQJXOR $547 GR WULkQJXOR 
&43  H GR WULkQJXOR '46 SDUD [ YDULDQGR QR  
LQWHUYDORDEHUWR@>p H 
 
 
D   )XYHVW  1RSODQRFDUWHVLDQRXPFtUFXOR

GH FHQWUR 3  D E  WDQJHQFLD DV UHWDV GH
 HTXDo}HV\ [H[ 6H 3 SHUWHQFHjSDUiEROD
E 
 GHHTXDomR \ [  H D !  DRUGHQDGDEGRSRQWR

F  3pLJXDOD
 

G

 D   
 E   
 F   
H 

G   

H   

124 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW   2V SRQWRV $ % H & VmR 6HXPSRQWRWHPODWLWXGH [ JUDXVQRUWHHORQJLWXGH
FROLQHDUHV $%   %&   H % HVWi HQWUH $ H & \  JUDXV OHVWH HQWmR VHX DQWtSRGD WHP ODWLWXGH H
2V SRQWRV & H ' SHUWHQFHP D XPD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD ORQJLWXGHUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
FRP FHQWUR HP $ 7UDoDVH XPD UHWD U  
SHUSHQGLFXODUDRVHJPHQWR %' SDVVDQGRSHORVHX D  [JUDXVVXOH \ JUDXVRHVWH
SRQWRPpGLR&KDPDVHGH3DLQWHUVHomRGHUFRP E  [JUDXVVXOH   \ JUDXVRHVWH
$'(QWmR $3  %3 YDOH F    [ JUDXVVXOH \ JUDXVRHVWH

G    [ JUDXVVXOH   \ JUDXVRHVWH
D  
E   H    [ JUDXVVXOH   \ JUDXVRHVWH
F   
G    )XYHVW   2 VyOLGR GD ILJXUD p IRUPDGR
H   SHODSLUkPLGH 6$%&' VREUHRSDUDOHOHStSHGRUHWR
 $%&'()*+  6DEHVH TXH 6  SHUWHQFH j UHWD
 )XYHVW  $JUDILWHGHXPOiSLVWHPTXLQ]H
FHQWtPHWURV GH FRPSULPHQWR H GRLV PLOtPHWURV GH GHWHUPLQDGD SRU $  H (  H TXH $( FP 
HVSHVVXUD 'HQWUH RV YDORUHV DEDL[R R TXH PDLV $' FP H $% FP 
VH DSUR[LPD GR Q~PHUR GH iWRPRV SUHVHQWHV 
QHVVDJUDILWHp

1RWD
 $VVXPD TXH D JUDILWH p XP FLOLQGUR FLUFXODU
UHWR IHLWR GH JUDILWD SXUD $ HVSHVVXUD GD
JUDILWHpRGLkPHWURGDEDVHGRFLOLQGUR
 $GRWHRVYDORUHVDSUR[LPDGRVGH
ƒ JFPSDUDDGHQVLGDGHGDJUDILWD
ƒ JPROSDUDDPDVVDPRODUGRFDUERQR
ƒ uPROSDUDDFRQVWDQWHGH$YRJDGUR

D   u  
E  u   
F  u   
$ PHGLGD GR VHJPHQWR 6$  TXH ID] FRP TXH R
G  u  

H   u   YROXPH GR VyOLGR VHMD LJXDO D  GR YROXPH GD

 SLUkPLGH6()*+p
 )XYHVW   'L]VH TXH GRLV SRQWRV GD 
VXSHUItFLH WHUUHVWUH VmR DQWtSRGDV TXDQGR R D  FP
VHJPHQWRGHUHWDTXHRVXQHSDVVDSHORFHQWURGD E  FP
7HUUD F  FP
 G  FP
3RGHP VHU HQFRQWUDGDV HP VLWHV GD LQWHUQHW H  FP
UHSUHVHQWDo}HV FRPR D UHSURGX]LGD DEDL[R HP

TXH DV iUHDV HVFXUDV LGHQWLILFDP RV SRQWRV GD
 )XYHVW $HTXDomR[[\P\ Q
VXSHUItFLHWHUUHVWUHTXHILFDPDVVLPFRPRRVVHXV
HP TXH P  H Q  VmR FRQVWDQWHV UHSUHVHQWD XPD
DQWtSRGDV VREUH WHUUD ILUPH 3RU H[HPSOR RV
FLUFXQIHUrQFLD QR SODQR FDUWHVLDQR 6DEHVH TXH D
SRQWRV DQWtSRGDV GH SDUWH GR VXO GD $PpULFD GR
UHWD \  [   FRQWpPRFHQWURGDFLUFXQIHUrQFLDH
6XOHVWmRQROHVWHGDÈVLD
 DLQWHUVHFWDQRSRQWR    2VYDORUHVGH P H Q 
VmRUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH

D H
E H
F H
G H
H H




 

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 125


 )XYHVW   1R WULkQJXOR UHWkQJXOR $%& D  ɏ 
LOXVWUDGRQDILJXUDDKLSRWHQXVD $& PHGHFP H E  Ɋ 
RFDWHWR %& PHGHFP F    ɏ 

G    Ɋ 
H    ɏ 

 )XYHVW   7UrV GDV DUHVWDV GH XP FXER
FRP XP YpUWLFH HP FRPXP VmR WDPEpP DUHVWDV
GH XP WHWUDHGUR $ UD]mR HQWUH R YROXPH GR
WHWUDHGURHRYROXPHGRFXERp


D 

 
 E 

6H 0 pRSRQWRPpGLRGH%&HQWmRDWDQJHQWHGR
kQJXOR0Æ&pLJXDOD 
F 
 
 
D  G 
 
 
E  H 
 
 
F   )XYHVW   &RQVLGHUH R WULkQJXOR $%&  QR

SODQR FDUWHVLDQR FRP YpUWLFHV $    %   
 
G  H &    2UHWkQJXOR 0134 WHPRVYpUWLFHV0

H1VREUHRHL[RGDVDEVFLVVDVRYpUWLFH 4 VREUH
 
H  RODGR $% HRYpUWLFH 3 VREUHRODGR %& 'HQWUH
 WRGRVRVUHWkQJXORVFRQVWUXtGRVGHVVHPRGRRTXH

WHPiUHDPi[LPDpDTXHOHHPTXHRSRQWR 3 p
 )XYHVW 
 
§  ·
D  ¨  ¸ 
©  ¹
E  §¨  ·¸ 

©  ¹
§  ·
F  ¨  ¸ 
©  ¹
§  ·
G  ¨  ¸ 
© ¹
§ ·
H  ¨  ¸ 
© ¹

 
(VWD IRWR p GR UHOyJLR VRODU ORFDOL]DGR QR FDPSXV  )XYHVW  8PDFLUFXQIHUrQFLDGHUDLRFP
GR%XWDQWmGD863$OLQKDLQFOLQDGD WUDFHMDGDQD HVWi LQVFULWD QR WULkQJXOR LVyVFHOHV $%& QR TXDO
IRWR  FXMD SURMHomR DR FKmR SHORV UDLRV VRODUHV $% $& $DOWXUDUHODWLYDDRODGR %& PHGHFP
LQGLFD D KRUD p SDUDOHOD DR HL[R GH URWDomR GD 2FRPSULPHQWRGH %& pSRUWDQWRLJXDOD
7HUUD6HQGR Ɋ H ɏ UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHDODWLWXGHH

D ORQJLWXGH GR ORFDO PHGLGDV HP JUDXV SRGHVH D  FP
DILUPDU FRUUHWDPHQWH TXH D PHGLGD HP JUDXV GR E  FP
kQJXORTXHHVVDOLQKDID]FRPRSODQRKRUL]RQWDOp F  FP
LJXDOD G  FP
 H  FP
1RWD 
(QWHQGHVHSRU³SODQRKRUL]RQWDO´HPXPSRQWRGD 
VXSHUItFLH WHUUHVWUH R SODQR SHUSHQGLFXODU j UHWD 
TXHSDVVDSRUHVVHSRQWRHSHORFHQWURGD7HUUD 


126 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW  8PDGDVSLVFLQDVGR&HQWURGH SDVVD SRU 3 H p WDQJHQWH D & HP XP SRQWR 4
3UiWLFDV (VSRUWLYDV GD 863 WHP R IRUPDWR GH WUrV (QWmRDGLVWkQFLDGH3D4p

KH[iJRQRV UHJXODUHV FRQJUXHQWHV MXVWDSRVWRV GH
PRGRTXHFDGDSDUGHKH[iJRQRVWHPXPODGRHP D  
FRPXPFRQIRUPHUHSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUDDEDL[R$ E  
GLVWkQFLDHQWUHODGRVSDUDOHORVGHFDGDKH[iJRQRp F  
GHPHWURV
 G  
H  

 )XYHVW  2PDSDGHXPDUHJLmRXWLOL]DD
HVFDOD GH   $ SRUomR GHVVH PDSD
FRQWHQGR XPD ÈUHD GH 3UHVHUYDomR 3HUPDQHQWH
$33  HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGD QD ILJXUD QD TXDO $) H
') VmR VHJPHQWRV GH UHWD R SRQWR * HVWi QR
VHJPHQWR $)  R SRQWR ( HVWi QR VHJPHQWR ') 
$%(* p XP UHWkQJXOR H %&'( p XP WUDSp]LR 6H
$)   $*   $%   &'   H ')   
LQGLFDP YDORUHV HP FHQWtPHWURV QR PDSD UHDO
HQWmRDiUHDGD$33p
 

$VVLQDOH D DOWHUQDWLYD TXH PDLV VH DSUR[LPD GD
iUHDGDSLVFLQD

D  P
E  P
F  P
G  P
H  P
 

 )XYHVW   2 WULkQJXOR $2% p LVyVFHOHV
D NP 
FRP 2$ 2% H $%&' pXPTXDGUDGR6HQGR Ʌ  E NP 
Ö  SRGHVHJDUDQWLU TXH D
D PHGLGD GRkQJXOR $2% F NP 
iUHD GR TXDGUDGR p PDLRU GR TXH D iUHD GR
G NP 
WULkQJXORVH
H NP 


 )XYHVW  (PXPWHWUDHGURUHJXODUGHODGR
'DGRVRVYDORUHVDSUR[LPDGRV
D D GLVWkQFLD HQWUH RV SRQWRV PpGLRV GH GXDV
WJ q #   WJ q # 
 DUHVWDVQmRDGMDFHQWHVpLJXDOD
WJ q #   WJ q #  

 D  D  
D  q  Ʌ  q  E  D  
E  q  Ʌ  q  D 
F  q  Ʌ  q  F 

G  q  Ʌ  q 
D 
H  q  Ʌ  q  G 


 )XYHVW   2V YpUWLFHV GH XP WHWUDHGUR D 
H 
UHJXODUVmRWDPEpPYpUWLFHVGHXPFXERGHDUHVWD 
$iUHDGHXPDIDFHGHVVHWHWUDHGURp 

 )XYHVW   1R SODQR FDUWHVLDQR 2[\ D
D     FLUFXQIHUrQFLD&pWDQJHQWHDRHL[R2[QRSRQWRGH
E   DEVFLVVD  H FRQWpP R SRQWR    1HVVDV
F     FRQGLo}HVRUDLRGH&YDOH
G     
H   D  
 E    
 )XYHVW 6mRGDGRVQRSODQRFDUWHVLDQR F   
RSRQWR3GHFRRUGHQDGDV  HDFLUFXQIHUrQFLD
& GH HTXDomR [ ±    \ ±     8PD UHWD W G    
H   

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 127


 )XYHVW  2VHJPHQWR $% pODGRGHXP 'LDJUDPDUHIHUHQWHDRSRHPD=(1

KH[iJRQRUHJXODUGHiUHD  2SRQWR 3SHUWHQFH
j PHGLDWUL] GH $%  GH WDO PRGR TXH D iUHD GR
WULkQJXOR 3$% YDOH  (QWmRDGLVWkQFLDGH3DR
VHJPHQWR $% pLJXDOD

D  

E     
F     2EVHUYH DV ILJXUDV DFLPD H DVVLQDOH D DOWHUQDWLYD
G   FRUUHWD

H     D  2 HTXLOtEULRH D KDUPRQLD GR SRHPD =(1 VmR
 HOHPHQWRV WtSLFRV GD SURGXomR SRpWLFD
 )XYHVW   $ HVIHUD H  GH FHQWUR 2 H UDLR EUDVLOHLUD GD GpFDGD GH  2 SHUtPHWUR GR
U!pWDQJHQWHDRSODQR D 2SODQR E pSDUDOHOR WULkQJXOR $%) SRU H[HPSOR p LJXDO DR
D D  H FRQWpP 2 1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV R YROXPH GD SHUtPHWURGRUHWkQJXOR%&-,
SLUkPLGHTXHWHPFRPREDVHXPKH[iJRQRUHJXODU E  2 HTXLOtEULR H D KDUPRQLD GR SRHPD =(1
LQVFULWR QD LQWHUVHFomR GH H  FRP E  H FRPR SRGHP VHU REVHUYDGRV WDQWR QR FRQWH~GR
YpUWLFHXPSRQWRHP D pLJXDOD VHPkQWLFR GD SDODYUD SRU HOH IRUPDGD TXDQWR
QD VLPHWULD GH VXDV IRUPDV JHRPpWULFDV 3RU

H[HPSOR DV iUHDV GR WULkQJXOR $%) H GR
U  UHWkQJXOR%&-,VmRLJXDLV
D 
 F  2SRHPD=(1SRGHVHUFRQVLGHUDGRFRQFUHWR
 U  SRU DSUHVHQWDU SURSRUo}HV JHRPpWULFDV HP
E  VXD FRPSRVLomR 2 SHUtPHWUR GR WULkQJXOR
 $%) SRU H[HPSOR p LJXDO DR SHUtPHWUR GR
 U  UHWkQJXOR%&*)
F 
 G  2FRQFUHWLVPRSRpWLFRSRGHXWLOL]DUSURSRUo}HV
JHRPpWULFDVHPVXDVFRPSRVLo}HV1RSRHPD
 U 
G  =(1SRUH[HPSORDUD]mRHQWUHRVSHUtPHWURV
 GR WUDSp]LR $'*) H GR UHWkQJXOR $'+( p
U  PHQRUTXH
H  H  $XJXVWR GRV $QMRV H 0DQXHO %DQGHLUD VmR

UHSUHVHQWDQWHV GR FRQFUHWLVPR SRpWLFR TXH

XWLOL]D SURSRUo}HV JHRPpWULFDV HP VXDV
 )XYHVW   1R SODQR FDUWHVLDQR RV SRQWRV
FRPSRVLo}HV1RSRHPD=(1SRUH[HPSORD
 H  SHUWHQFHPjFLUFXQIHUrQFLD&8PD
UD]mR HQWUH DV iUHDV GR WULkQJXOR '+* H GR
RXWUD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GH FHQWUR HP   p
UHWkQJXOR$'+(p
WDQJHQWHD&QRSRQWR  (QWmRRUDLRGH&YDOH


 )XYHVW   1D ILJXUD R WULkQJXOR $%& p
 HTXLOiWHUR GH ODGR  H $&'( $)*% H %+,& VmR
D 
 TXDGUDGRV$iUHDGRSROtJRQR'()*+,YDOH


E 


F 

 
G 

H  

 )XYHVW 3RHPD=(13HGUR;LVWR 
 
D    
E    
F    
G     
 H     

128 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW   8PD SLUkPLGH WHP FRPR EDVH  )XYHVW   1D ILJXUD RV SRQWRV $ % & 
XPTXDGUDGRGHODGRHFDGDXPDGHVXDVIDFHV SHUWHQFHPjFLUFXQIHUrQFLDGHFHQWUR 2 H %& Ƚ 
ODWHUDLVpXPWULkQJXORHTXLOiWHUR(QWmRDiUHDGR '))&
TXDGUDGRTXHWHPFRPRYpUWLFHVRVEDULFHQWURVGH $ UHWD 2&  p SHUSHQGLFXODU DR VHJPHQWR $%  H R
FDGDXPDGDVIDFHVODWHUDLVpLJXDOD Ɏ
kQJXOR $Ð% PHGH  UDGLDQRV (QWmR D iUHD GR


D  
WULkQJXOR $%& YDOH
E  

F  
G  
H  

 )XYHVW 1RSODQRFDUWHVLDQR[\DUHWD
GHHTXDomR[\ pWDQJHQWHjFLUFXQIHUrQFLD&
QRSRQWR  
 
$OpP GLVVR R SRQWR   SHUWHQFH D & (QWmR R 
UDLRGH&pLJXDOD Ƚ
D 
 
  Ƚ
D  E 
 
  Ƚ
E  F 
 
 
F  Ƚ 
 G 

  H  Ƚ  
G 
 
   )XYHVW   2 kQJXOR Ʌ  IRUPDGR SRU GRLV
H 
 
 SODQRV D H E p WDO TXH WJɅ   2 SRQWR 3

 )XYHVW   1D ILJXUD R WULkQJXOR $%&  p SHUWHQFHD Ƚ HDGLVWkQFLDGH3D Ⱦ YDOH(QWmR
UHWkQJXOR FRP FDWHWRV %&   H $%   $OpP
DGLVWkQFLDGH3jUHWDLQWHUVHFomRGHDHEpLJXDO
GLVVRRSRQWR'SHUWHQFHDRFDWHWR $% RSRQWR( D
SHUWHQFH DR FDWHWR %&  H R SRQWR ) SHUWHQFH j 
KLSRWHQXVD $&  GH WDO IRUPD TXH '(&) VHMD XP D  
SDUDOHORJUDPR 6H '(   HQWmR D iUHD GR E  
SDUDOHORJUDPR'(&)YDOH F  

G  
H  

 )XYHVW  8PIDEULFDQWHGHFULVWDLVSURGX]
WUrV WLSRV GH WDoDV SDUD VHUYLU YLQKR 8PD GHODV
WHPRERMRQRIRUPDWRGHXPDVHPLHVIHUDGHUDLRU
 D RXWUD QR IRUPDWR GH XP FRQH UHWR GH EDVH
 FLUFXODUGHUDLRUHDOWXUDKHD~OWLPDQRIRUPDWR
 GH XP FLOLQGUR UHWR GH EDVH FLUFXODU GH UDLR [ H
D 
 DOWXUDK
 6DEHQGRVH TXH DV WDoDV GRV WUrV WLSRV TXDQGR
E  FRPSOHWDPHQWH FKHLDV FRPSRUWDP D PHVPD

TXDQWLGDGHGHYLQKRpFRUUHWRDILUPDUTXHDUD]mR

F  [KpLJXDOD
 

 
G  D 
 

H 


ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 129


  )XYHVW $ILJXUDDVHJXLUUHSUHVHQWDVHWH
E  KH[iJRQRV UHJXODUHV GH ODGR   H XP KH[iJRQR
 PDLRUFXMRVYpUWLFHVFRLQFLGHPFRPRVFHQWURVGH
  VHLV GRV KH[iJRQRV PHQRUHV (QWmR D iUHD GR
F  SHQWiJRQRKDFKXUDGRpLJXDOD
 
G  
 
H 


 )XYHVW &RQVLGHUHQRSODQRFDUWHVLDQR2[\
DFLUFXQIHUrQFLD&GHHTXDomR [  \  H
VHMDP 3 H 4 RV SRQWRV QRV TXDLV & WDQJHQFLD RV
HL[RV2[H2\UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH


6HMD 345 R WULkQJXOR LVyVFHOHV LQVFULWR HP & GH


EDVH34HFRPRPDLRUSHUtPHWURSRVVtYHO
(QWmRDiUHDGH345pLJXDOD 


D    
D    
E    
E    
 
F     F 

G     G  
H     
H 
 
 )XYHVW  1D ILJXUD % & H' VmR SRQWRV 
GLVWLQWRVGDFLUFXQIHUrQFLDGHFHQWUR2HRSRQWR$ 
pH[WHULRUDHOD$OpPGLVVR  )XYHVW   $ FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GDGD SHOD
 HTXDomR [   \   [  \     p WDQJHQWH DRV
 $%&H$2'VmRFROLQHDUHV HL[RV FRRUGHQDGRV [  H \  QRV SRQWRV $  H % 
 $% 2% FRQIRUPHDILJXUD
 &Ð'PHGHĮUDGLDQRV 

2 VHJPHQWR 01  p SDUDOHOR DR VHJPHQWR $%  H
FRQWpPRFHQWUR & GDFLUFXQIHUrQFLD





1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV D PHGLGD GH $ %Ö 2  HP 
UDGLDQRVpLJXDOD e FRUUHWR DILUPDU TXH D iUHD GD UHJLmR KDFKXUDGD
 YDOH
D S D  
E S D  D  Ɏ   
F S D  E  Ɏ   
G S D  F  Ɏ   
H S D 
G  Ɏ   

 H  Ɏ   
 

130 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW   2 WULkQJXOR $&' p LVyVFHOHV GH  )XYHVW 2FXERGHYpUWLFHV$%&'()*+
EDVH&'HRVHJPHQWR2$pSHUSHQGLFXODUDRSODQR LQGLFDGRQDILJXUDWHPDUHVWDVGHFRPSULPHQWRD
TXHFRQWpPRWULkQJXOR2&'FRQIRUPHDILJXUD 




 
6DEHQGRVH TXH 2$  $&   H VHQ2&'  

6DEHQGRVHTXH0pRSRQWRPpGLRGDDUHVWD$(
HQWmRDiUHDGRWULkQJXOR 2 &Ö' YDOH
HQWmR D GLVWkQFLD GR SRQWR 0 DR FHQWUR GR

TXDGUDGR$%&'pLJXDOD
 
D   

D 
 D 
E    

D 
 E 
F   

D 
 F 
G    

G  D  

H    H  D  

 
 
 )XYHVW   1R UHWkQJXOR $%&'  GD ILJXUD 
 )XYHVW $ILJXUDUHSUHVHQWDXPUHWkQJXOR
WHPVH &' "  H $' "  $OpP GLVVR R SRQWR (
$%&' FRP $%   H $'   2 SRQWR ( HVWi QR
SHUWHQFH j GLDJRQDO %'  R SRQWR )  SHUWHQFH DR VHJPHQWR &' GH PDQHLUD TXH &(   H ) p R
ODGR %&  H ()  p SHUSHQGLFXODU D %'  6DEHQGR SRQWR GH LQWHUVHomR GD GLDJRQDO $& FRP R
TXH D iUHD GR UHWkQJXOR $%&'  p FLQFR YH]HV D VHJPHQWR%(
iUHDGRWULkQJXOR %() HQWmR %) PHGH





 (QWmRDiUHDGRWULkQJXOR%&)YDOH
 
 
D "   D 
 
 
E "   E 
 
 
F "   F 
 
 
G  "   G 
 
H  "   
H 
 

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 131


 )XYHVW   1D ILJXUD 2$% p XP VHWRU
FLUFXODUFRPFHQWURHP2$%&'pXPUHWkQJXORH
R VHJPHQWR &' p WDQJHQWH HP ; DR DUFR GH
H[WUHPRV$H%GRVHWRUFLUFXODU



 

6H$%   H$' HQWmRDiUHDGRVHWRU2$%
pLJXDOD D  
 E  
Ɏ F  
D 
 G  
Ɏ H  
E 
 
Ɏ  )XYHVW 2FRQMXQWRGRVSRQWRV [ \  GR
F 
 SODQRFDUWHVLDQRTXHVDWLVID]HP W   W    RQGH
Ɏ W _ [  \ _ FRQVLVWHGH
G  

D  XPDUHWD
Ɏ E  GXDVUHWDV
H 
 F  TXDWURUHWDV
 G  XPDSDUiEROD
 )XYHVW   $ SDUWLU GH  FXERV EUDQFRV H  GXDVSDUiERODV
WRGRV LJXDLV IRUPDVH XP QRYR FXER $ VHJXLU 
HVWH QRYR FXER WHP FLQFR GH VXDV VHLV IDFHV  )XYHVW   1D ILJXUD D VHJXLU D UHWD V
SLQWDGDV GH YHUPHOKR 2 Q~PHUR GH FXERV SDVVDSHORSRQWR3HSHORFHQWURGDFLUFXQIHUrQFLD
PHQRUHV TXH WLYHUDP SHOR PHQRV GXDV GH VXDV GHUDLR5LQWHUFHSWDQGRDQRSRQWR4HQWUH3HR
IDFHVSLQWDGDVGHYHUPHOKRp FHQWUR$OpPGLVVRDUHWDWSDVVDSRU3pWDQJHQWH
jFLUFXQIHUrQFLDHIRUPDXPkQJXORiFRPDUHWDV
6H34 5HQWmRFRViYDOH



D   

E  
F   
D 
G   
H  

 E 
 )XYHVW   8P FRQH FLUFXODU UHWR HVWi 
LQVFULWR HP XP SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWR UHWkQJXOR GH 
F 
EDVHTXDGUDGDFRPRPRVWUDDILJXUD$UD]mRED 
HQWUH DV GLPHQV}HV GR SDUDOHOHStSHGR p  H R
 
YROXPHGRFRQHpS G 
 
(QWmRRFRPSULPHQWRJGDJHUDWUL]GRFRQHp  
H 
 

132 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW 1DILJXUDDVHJXLURWULkQJXOR$%& § ·
LQVFULWR QD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD WHP $%  $& 2 kQJXOR F ¨  ¸   
© ¹
HQWUH R ODGR $%  H D DOWXUD GR WULkQJXOR $%& HP
G     
UHODomR D %&  p Ƚ  1HVWDV FRQGLo}HV R TXRFLHQWH
§ ·
HQWUHDiUHDGRWULkQJXOR$%&HDiUHDGRFtUFXORGD H  ¨ ¸    
ILJXUDpGDGRHPIXQomRGH Ƚ SHODH[SUHVVmR ©¹
 
 )XYHVW   $ ILJXUD D VHJXLU PRVWUD XPD
SLUkPLGHUHWDGHEDVHTXDGUDQJXODU$%&'GHODGR
HDOWXUD() 6HQGR * RSRQWRPpGLRGDDOWXUD
()HĮDPHGLGDGRkQJXOR$*%HQWmR FRVȽ YDOH




§·
D  ¨ ¸ FRV Ƚ 
©Ɏ¹
§·
E  ¨ ¸ VHQ Ƚ 
©Ɏ¹
§·
F  ¨ ¸ VHQ Ƚ FRV Ƚ 
©Ɏ¹
§· 
G  ¨ ¸ VHQ Ƚ FRVȽ  
©Ɏ¹

§· D 
H  ¨ ¸ VHQȽ FRV Ƚ  
©Ɏ¹

 E 
 )XYHVW  2VSRQWRV'H(SHUWHQFHPDR 
JUiILFR GD IXQomR \ ORJQ [  FRP Q !  ILJXUD D 
F 
VHJXLU  6XSRQKD TXH % [   & [     H 
[      (QWmR R YDORU GH [  SDUD R TXDO D 
$ G 

iUHD GR WUDSp]LR %&'(  p R WULSOR GD iUHD GR
WULkQJXOR$%(p 
H 
 


 )XYHVW   1D ILJXUD $%& H &'( VmR
WULkQJXORV UHWkQJXORV $%  %&   H %(  
'(/RJRDPHGLGDGH$(p




§ · ª  º
D  ¨ ¸« » 
©  ¹ «¬  »¼
ª  º
E   « » 
«  » 
¬ ¼ 

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 133


D

 GABARITO


 $ ' & & $
E 
 % % % ( &
 & $ ' $ %
F 
 ' & % ( $
 % % % ' &
G 
 $ ( $ ' (
 ' & ( ( (
H 
 % & ' % $
 % & ( ' &
 )XYHVW   1D ILJXUD $%&'  p XP ( % % ( &
TXDGUDGR GH ODGR   '(% H &($ VmR DUFRV GH % & $ ' %
FLUFXQIHUrQFLDV GH UDLR   /RJR D iUHD GD UHJLmR ' ( $ % &
KDFKXUDGDp
 & %   












 


§Ɏ· §  · 
D   ¨ ¸  ¨ ¸ 
©  ¹ ¨©  ¸¹
§Ɏ· §  ·
E   ¨ ¸  ¨ ¸ 
©  ¹ ¨©  ¸¹
§Ɏ· §  ·
F   ¨ ¸  ¨ ¸ 
©  ¹ ¨©  ¸¹
§Ɏ· §  ·
G   ¨ ¸  ¨ ¸ 
©  ¹ ¨©  ¸¹
§Ɏ· §  ·
H   ¨ ¸  ¨ ¸ 
©  ¹ ¨©  ¸¹

 )XYHVW   $ VRPD GDV GLVWkQFLDV GH XP
SRQWR LQWHULRU GH XP WULkQJXOR HTXLOiWHUR DRV VHXV
ODGRVp$VVLPDPHGLGDGRODGRGRWULkQJXORp

D    
E    
F  
G    
H    


134 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UNESP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
GEOMETRIA PLANA, ANALÍTICA E ESPACIAL


 8QHVS 2TXLODWHGRRXURpDUD]mRHQWUH F  Ɏ  NP 
DPDVVDGHRXURSUHVHQWHHDPDVVDWRWDOGDSHoD
PXOWLSOLFDGD SRU  3RU H[HPSOR XPD DPRVWUD G  Ɏ  NP 
FRP  SDUWHVHPPDVVDGHRXURH  SDUWHVHP H  Ɏ  NP 
PDVVDGHRXWURPHWDO RXOLJDPHWiOLFD pXPRXUR 
GHTXLODWHV  8QHVS   2V PHQRUHV ODGRV GH XPD IROKD
$VVLP XP REMHWR GH RXUR GH   TXLODWHV WHP  GH SDSHO UHWDQJXODU GH  FP SRU  FP IRUDP
GHRXURHGHRXWURPHWDOHPPDVVD XQLGRV FRP XPD ILWD DGHVLYD UHWDQJXODU GH  FP
2RXURpXWLOL]DGRQDFRQIHFomRGHPXLWRVREMHWRV SRU  FP IRUPDQGR XP FLOLQGUR FLUFXODU UHWR
LQFOXVLYH HP SUHPLDo}HV HVSRUWLYDV $ WDoD GD YD]DGR 1D XQLmR DV SDUWHV GD ILWD DGHVLYD HP
FRSDGRPXQGRGHIXWHEROPDVFXOLQRpXPH[HPSOR FRQWDWR FRP D IROKD FRUUHVSRQGHP D GRLV
GHVVHVREMHWRV UHWkQJXORVGHFPSRUFPFRQIRUPHLQGLFDD
$ ),)$ GHFODUD TXH D WDoD GD FRSD GR PXQGR GH ILJXUD
IXWHERO PDVFXOLQR p PDFLoD VHP QHQKXPD SDUWH 
RFD  H VXD PDVVD p GH SRXFR PDLV GH  NJ 
$FRQWHFH TXH VH D WDoD IRVVH PHVPR GH RXUR H
PDFLoDHODSHVDULDPDLVGRTXHRLQIRUPDGR

³2SHVRGDWDoD´KWWSVLSHPVSZRUGSUHVVFRP
$GDSWDGR 

&RQVLGHUH TXH D WDoD VHMD IHLWD DSHQDV FRP RXUR
 TXLODWHV FXMD FRPSRVLomR p GH RXUR FRP
GHQVLGDGH  JFP H XPD OLJD PHWiOLFD FRP
GHQVLGDGH  JFP H TXH R YROXPH GD WDoD p
VLPLODU DR GH XP FLOLQGUR UHWR FRP  FP  GH UDLR H
FPGHDOWXUD

8WLOL]DQGR S   VH D WDoD IRVVH PDFLoD VXD
PDVVDWHULDXPYDORUHQWUH

D   NJ H  NJ 
E   NJ H  NJ 
F   NJ H  NJ 
G   NJ H  NJ  

H   NJ H  NJ 
'HVSUH]DQGRVHDVHVSHVVXUDVGDIROKDHGDILWDH
 DGRWDQGR Ɏ  RYROXPHGHVVHFLOLQGURpLJXDOD
 8QHVS   2V SRQWRV 3 H 4 VREUH D

VXSHUItFLH GD 7HUUD SRVVXHP DV VHJXLQWHV
FRRUGHQDGDVJHRJUiILFDV D   FP  

 /DWLWXGH /RQJLWXGH E   FP  
3 ž1 ž/ F   FP  
4 ž1  ž2
 G  FP  
&RQVLGHUDQGRD7HUUDXPDHVIHUDGHUDLRNP
D PHGLGD GR PHQRU DUFR 34 VREUH D OLQKD GR H   FP  
SDUDOHOR q 1 pLJXDOD 
 
D  Ɏ  NP  

E  Ɏ  NP 


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 135


 8QHVS   2EVHUYH D ILJXUD GD  8QHVS $ILJXUDLQGLFDXPWUDSp]LR$%&'
UHSUHVHQWDomRGRVSRQWRV0H1VREUHDVXSHUItFLH QRSODQRFDUWHVLDQR
GD7HUUD 




&RQVLGHUDQGR D 7HUUD XPD HVIHUD GH UDLR 

 NP HDGRWDQGR Ɏ  SDUDLUGRSRQWR0DR
$ iUHD GHVVH WUDSp]LR QD XQLGDGH TXDGUDGD
SRQWR1 SHOD VXSHUItFLH GD 7HUUD H QR VHQWLGR GHILQLGDSHORVHL[RVFRRUGHQDGRVpLJXDOD
LQGLFDGR SHODV VHWDV YHUPHOKDV D GLVWkQFLD 
SHUFRUULGDVREUHRSDUDOHOR q 1RUWHVHUiLJXDOD D  
 E  
D   NP  F  
E   NP  G  
H  
F   NP 

G   NP   8QHVS 8PFRQHFLUFXODUUHWRGHYpUWLFH9
H   NP  H UDLR GD EDVH LJXDO D  FP  HQFRQWUDVH DSRLDGR
 HP XPD VXSHUItFLH SODQD H KRUL]RQWDO VREUH XPD
 8QHVS 2VSRQWRV3H4  SHUWHQFHP JHUDWUL]2FRQHJLUDVREVHXHL[RGHUHYROXomRTXH
DXPDFLUFXQIHUĊQFLDFHQWUDGDQDRULJHPGRSODQR SDVVD SRU 9 GHVORFDQGRVH VREUH D VXSHUItFLH
FDUWHVLDQR 3 WDPEpP p SRQWR GH LQWHUVHFoăR GD SODQDKRUL]RQWDOVHPHVFRUUHJDUFRQIRUPHPRVWUD
FLUFXQIHUĊQFLDFRPRHL[R \  DILJXUD
 




2 FRQH UHWRUQD j SRVLomR LQLFLDO DSyV R FtUFXOR GD
VXD EDVH WHU HIHWXDGR GXDV YROWDV FRPSOHWDV GH

 JLUR &RQVLGHUDQGR TXH R YROXPH GH XP FRQH p
&RQVLGHUH R SRQWR 5 GR JUiILFR GH \ [  TXH ɎU K
FDOFXODGRSHODIyUPXOD  RYROXPHGRFRQHGD
SRVVXLRUGHQDGD \ LJXDOĚGRSRQWR3$DEVFLVVD[ 
GH5pLJXDOD ILJXUDHPFPpLJXDOD
 
D   D   Ɏ 
E   E   Ɏ 
F  
F   Ɏ 
G  
H   G   Ɏ 
 H   Ɏ 


136 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS   1D ILJXUD R ORVDQJR )*&(  FRQJUXHQWHV RV WULkQJXORV UHWkQJXORV EUDQFRV QR
SRVVXL GRLV ODGRV VREUHSRVWRV DRV GR ORVDQJR LQWHULRUGH /8$ 

$%&'HVXDiUHDpLJXDOjiUHDLQGLFDGDHPYHUGH



 
6HRODGRGRORVDQJR$%&'PHGHFPRODGRGR 
ORVDQJR )*&( PHGH $ iUHD GD VXSHUItFLH HP DPDUHOR H D iUHD GD
 VXSHUItFLH HP D]XO HVWmR QD PHVPD XQLGDGH GH
D    FP  PHGLGD 6H [  p R Q~PHUR TXH PXOWLSOLFDGR SHOD
PHGLGDGDiUHDGDVXSHUItFLHHPDPDUHORUHVXOWDD
E    FP  PHGLGD GD iUHD GD VXSHUItFLH HP D]XO HQWmR [  p
F   FP  LJXDOD

G    FP 

D 
H    FP  
 
 8QHVS   2 KH[iJRQR PDUFDGR QD PDOKD E 

TXDGULFXODGD VREUH D IRWRJUDILD UHSUHVHQWD R
FRQWRUQRGRFkPSXVGD8QHVSGH5LR&ODURTXHp 
F 
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWHSODQR 
 
G 


H 


 8QHVS   8P SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWR
UHWkQJXORIRLGLYLGLGRHPGRLVSULVPDVSRUXPSODQR
TXH FRQWpP DV GLDJRQDLV GH GXDV IDFHV RSRVWDV
FRPRLQGLFDDILJXUD


 
 
$ iUHD DSUR[LPDGD GHVVH FkPSXV HP NP p XP &RPSDUDQGRVH R WRWDO GH WLQWD QHFHVViULD SDUD
Q~PHURSHUWHQFHQWHDRLQWHUYDOR SLQWDU DV IDFHV H[WHUQDV GR SDUDOHOHStSHGR DQWHV
 GD GLYLVmR FRP R WRWDO QHFHVViULR SDUD SLQWDU DV
D  > >  IDFHV H[WHUQDV GRV GRLV SULVPDV REWLGRV DSyV D
E  > >  GLYLVmRKRXYHXPDXPHQWRDSUR[LPDGRGH

F  > > 
D   
G  > >  E   
H  > >  F   
 G   
 8QHVS   2V SROtJRQRV 62/  H /8$  VmR H   
WULkQJXORV UHWkQJXORV LVyVFHOHV FRQJUXHQWHV 2V 
WULkQJXORV UHWkQJXORV EUDQFRV QR LQWHULRU GH 62/  
VmR FRQJUXHQWHV DVVLP FRPR WDPEpP VmR

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 137


 8QHVS   5HQDWD SUHWHQGH GHFRUDU SDUWH  8QHVS   8PD PHVD GH SDVVDU URXSD
GHXPDSDUHGHTXDGUDGD$%&'FRPGRLVWLSRVGH SRVVXL SHUQDV DUWLFXODGDV $%  H &'  FRQIRUPH
SDSHOGHSDUHGHXPFRPOLQKDVGLDJRQDLVHRXWUR
LQGLFDDILJXUD6DEHVHTXH $% &' P HTXH
FRP ULVFRV KRUL]RQWDLV 2 SURMHWR SUHYr TXH D
SDUHGH VHMD GLYLGLGD HP XP TXDGUDGR FHQWUDO GH 0 pSRQWRPpGLRGRVVHJPHQWRVFRSODQDUHV $% H
ODGR [ H TXDWUR UHWkQJXORV ODWHUDLV FRQIRUPH &'  4XDQGR D PHVD HVWi DUPDGD R WDPSR ILFD
PRVWUDDILJXUD SDUDOHOR DR SODQR GR FKmR H D PHGLGD GR kQJXOR

Ö p q 
$0&




6HRWRWDOGDiUHDGHFRUDGDFRPFDGDXPGRVGRLV
WLSRVGHSDSHOpDPHVPDHQWmR [ HPPHWURVp

LJXDOD 
 &RQVLGHUDQGRVHGHVSUH]tYHLVDVPHGLGDVGRVSpV
D       H GD HVSHVVXUD GR WDPSR H DGRWDQGR    D
E       DOWXUDGRWDPSRGHVVDPHVDDUPDGDHPUHODomRDR
F      SODQRGRFKmRHPFHQWtPHWURVHVWiHQWUH

G      D  H
H      E  H
 F  H
 8QHVS  8PFXERFRPDUHVWDGHPHGLGD G  H
LJXDO D [  FHQWtPHWURV IRL VHFFLRQDGR GDQGR H  H
RULJHP DR SULVPD LQGLFDGR QD ILJXUD  $ ILJXUD  
LQGLFD D YLVWD VXSHULRU GHVVH SULVPD VHQGR TXH  8QHVS   8PD FKDSD UHWDQJXODU GH
$(%pXPWULkQJXORHTXLOiWHUR DOXPtQLR GH HVSHVVXUD GHVSUH]tYHO SRVVXL 


PHWURV GH ODUJXUD H FRPSULPHQWR GHVFRQKHFLGR


ILJXUD   3DUD D IDEULFDomR GH XPD FDQDOHWD
YD]DGDGHDOWXUD [ PHWURVVmRIHLWDVGXDVGREUDV
DRORQJRGRFRPSULPHQWRGDFKDSD ILJXUD 




6DEHQGRVHTXHRYROXPHGRSULVPDGDILJXUDp
LJXDOD     FP   [ pLJXDOD

D   

E 

F   

G 


H 
 

138 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


6HDiUHDGDVHFomRWUDQVYHUVDO UHWkQJXOR$%&' 
GD FDQDOHWD IDEULFDGD p LJXDO D  P HQWmR D
DOWXUDGHVVDFDQDOHWDHPPHWURVpLJXDOD

D 
E 
F 
G 
H 

 8QHVS   4XDQGR RV PHWHRURORJLVWDV
GL]HP TXH D SUHFLSLWDomR GD FKXYD IRL GH PP 

VLJQLILFD TXH KRXYH XPD SUHFLSLWDomR VXILFLHQWH 
SDUD TXH D FROXQD GH iJXD FRQWLGD HP XP $QWHV GD LPSODQWDomR GDV QRYDV IDL[DV R WHPSR
UHFLSLHQWH TXH QmR VH DIXQLOD FRPR SRU H[HPSOR QHFHVViULR SDUD R SHGHVWUH LU GR SRQWR $  DWp R
XP SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWRUHWkQJXOR VXELVVH PP  SRQWR &  HUD GH   VHJXQGRV H GLVWULEXtDVH GR
(VVD SUHFLSLWDomR VH RFRUULGD VREUH XPD iUHD GH VHJXLQWHPRGR  VHJXQGRVSDUDDWUDYHVVDU $% 
PFRUUHVSRQGHDOLWURGHiJXD
 FRPYHORFLGDGHPpGLD Y   VHJXQGRVHVSHUDQGR
2 HVTXHPD UHSUHVHQWD R VLVWHPD GH FDSWDomR GH R VLQDO YHUGH GH SHGHVWUHV SDUD LQLFLDU D WUDYHVVLD
iJXD GD FKXYD TXH FDL SHUSHQGLFXODUPHQWH j
%& H  VHJXQGRVSDUDDWUDYHVVDU %& WDPEpP
VXSHUItFLH UHWDQJXODU SODQD H KRUL]RQWDO GD ODMH GH
XPD FDVD FRP PHGLGDV P SRU  P 1HVVH FRP YHORFLGDGH PpGLD Y  1D QRYD FRQILJXUDomR
VLVWHPDRWDQTXHXVDGRSDUDDUPD]HQDUDSHQDVD GDV IDL[DV FRP D PHVPD YHORFLGDGH PpGLD Y  D
iJXD FDSWDGD GD ODMH WHP D IRUPD GH HFRQRPLDGHWHPSRSDUDLUGH $ DWp & SRUPHLR
SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWRUHWkQJXOR FRP PHGLGDV GDIDL[D $& HPVHJXQGRVVHUiLJXDOD
LQWHUQDVLQGLFDGDVQDILJXUD


D   
E   
F   
G   
H   

 8QHVS   2V SROtJRQRV $%&  H '()* 
HVWmR GHVHQKDGRV HP XPD PDOKD IRUPDGD SRU
TXDGUDGRV 6XDV iUHDV VmR LJXDLV D 6  H 6   
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHFRQIRUPHLQGLFDDILJXUD




(VWDQGR R WDQTXH GH DUPD]HQDPHQWR LQLFLDOPHQWH
YD]LR XPD SUHFLSLWDomR GH  PP  QR ORFDO RQGH
VHHQFRQWUDDODMHGDFDVDSUHHQFKHUi

D   GDFDSDFLGDGHWRWDOGRWDQTXH
E   GDFDSDFLGDGHWRWDOGRWDQTXH
F   GDFDSDFLGDGHWRWDOGRWDQTXH
G   GDFDSDFLGDGHWRWDOGRWDQTXH
H   GDFDSDFLGDGHWRWDOGRWDQTXH
 

 8QHVS   (P  D &RPSDQKLD GH 6DEHQGRTXHRVYpUWLFHVGRVGRLVSROtJRQRVHVWmR
(QJHQKDULD GH 7UiIHJR &(7  LPSODQWRX GXDV H[DWDPHQWHVREUHSRQWRVGHFUX]DPHQWRGDVOLQKDV
IDL[DV SDUD SHGHVWUHV QD GLDJRQDO GH XP 6
FUX]DPHQWR GH UXDV SHUSHQGLFXODUHV GR FHQWUR GH GDPDOKDpFRUUHWRDILUPDUTXH  pLJXDOD
6
6mR3DXOR-XQWDVDVIDL[DVIRUPDPXP ;  FRPR
D  
LQGLFDGR QD LPDJHP 6HJXQGR D &(7 R REMHWLYR E  
GDV IDL[DV IRL R GH HQFXUWDU R WHPSR H D GLVWkQFLD F  
GDWUDYHVVLD G  
H  

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 139


 8QHVS   3UDWR GD FXOLQiULD MDSRQHVD R 6DEHQGRTXHDGHQVLGDGHGDPDGHLUDXWLOL]DGDQD
WHPDNL p XP WLSR GH VXVKL QD IRUPD GH FRQH FRQIHFomR GR SRUWDMRLDV HUD GH  JFP H
HQURODGR H[WHUQDPHQWH FRP QRUL XPD HVSpFLH GH DGPLWLQGR Ɏ #   D PDVVD DSUR[LPDGD GR SRUWD
IROKD IHLWD D SDUWLU GH DOJDV PDULQKDV H UHFKHDGR MRLDVHPJUDPDVp
FRP DUUR] SHL[H FUX RYDV GH SHL[H YHJHWDLV H 
XPDSDVWDGHPDLRQHVHHFHEROLQKD D  
 E  
F  
G  
H  

 8QHVS   8P DOXQR SUHFLVD ORFDOL]DU R
FHQWURGHXPDPRHGDFLUFXODUHSDUDWDQWRGLVS}H
DSHQDVGHXPOiSLVGHXPDIROKDGHSDSHOGHXPD
UpJXDQmRJUDGXDGDGHXPFRPSDVVRHGDPRHGD



8P WHPDNL WtSLFR SRGH VHU UHSUHVHQWDGR
PDWHPDWLFDPHQWHSRUXPFRQHFLUFXODUUHWRHPTXH
R GLkPHWUR GD EDVH PHGH  FP H D DOWXUD  FP

6DEHQGRVHTXHHPXPWHPDNLWtSLFRGHVDOPmRR 
SHL[H FRUUHVSRQGH D  GD PDVVD GR VHX 1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV R Q~PHUR PtQLPR GH SRQWRV
UHFKHLR TXH D GHQVLGDGH GR VDOPmR p GH  GLVWLQWRV QHFHVViULRV GH VHUHP PDUFDGRV QD
JFPHWRPDQGR Ɏ  DTXDQWLGDGHDSUR[LPDGD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GHVFULWD SHOD PRHGD SDUD ORFDOL]DU
GHVDOPmRHPJUDPDVQHVVHWHPDNLpGH VHXFHQWURp
 

D   D  
E   E  
F   F  
G   G  
H   H  
 
 8QHVS 3DUDFRQIHFFLRQDUXPSRUWDMRLDV  8QHVS   $ ILJXUD PRVWUD XP
D SDUWLU GH XP FXER PDFLoR H KRPRJrQHR GH SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWRUHWkQJXOR $%&'()*+ FRP
PDGHLUD FRP  FP GH DUHVWD XP PDUFHQHLUR EDVH TXDGUDGD $%&' GH DUHVWD D H DOWXUD D HP
GLYLGLX R FXER DR PHLR SDUDOHODPHQWH jV GXDV FHQWtPHWURV

IDFHV KRUL]RQWDLV 'H FDGD SDUDOHOHStSHGR
UHVXOWDQWHH[WUDLXXPDVHPLHVIHUDGHFPGHUDLR
GHPRGRTXHVHXVFHQWURVILFDVVHPORFDOL]DGRVQR
FUX]DPHQWR GDV GLDJRQDLV GD IDFH GH FRUWH
FRQIRUPHPRVWUDDVHTXrQFLDGHILJXUDV




$ GLVWkQFLD HP FHQWtPHWURV GR YpUWLFH $  j
GLDJRQDO%+YDOH



D D 


E D 


F D 


G D 


H D 
 


140 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS   'LIHUHQWHV WLSRV GH 'DGRVGP /H Ɏ | HVDEHQGRTXHDDOWXUD
QDQRPDWHULDLV VmR GHVFREHUWRV D FDGD GLD PpGLD GD OkPLQD GH yOHR VREUH DV iJXDV HUD GH
YLDELOL]DQGR SURGXWRV PDLV HILFLHQWHV OHYHV  PP H TXH  EDUULO GH SHWUyOHR FUX FRQWpP
DGHTXDGRVHSULQFLSDOPHQWHGHEDL[RFXVWR  OLWURV GH yOHR R Q~PHUR DSUR[LPDGR GH EDUULV
6mR FRQVLGHUDGRV QDQRPDWHULDLV DTXHOHV FXMDV TXHYD]DUDPQRLQFLGHQWHIRL
GLPHQV}HVYDULDPHQWUHHQDQ{PHWURV QP  

VHQGR TXH  QP HTXLYDOH D ± P RX VHMD XP D 
ELOLRQpVLPRGHPHWUR E 
8PD GDV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GRV QDQRPDWHULDLV UHIHUH F 
VH j UHODomR HQWUH VHX YROXPH H VXD iUHD G 
VXSHUILFLDOWRWDO H 

3RU H[HPSOR HP XPD HVIHUD PDFLoD GH  FP GH
 8QHVS   +i  DQRV R ,PSHUDGRU
UDLRDiUHDVXSHUILFLDOHRYROXPHYDOHP  ˜ Ɏ FP  4XpRSV GR (JLWR PDQGRX FRQVWUXLU XPD SLUkPLGH
H  ˜ Ɏ FP   UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH 2 FRQMXQWR GH UHJXODUTXHVHULDXVDGDFRPRVHXW~PXOR
$VFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVHGLPHQV}HVDSUR[LPDGDVGHVVD
QDQRHVIHUDVGHQPGHUDLRTXHSRVVXLRPHVPR SLUkPLGHKRMHVmR
YROXPHGDHVIHUDGDGDWHPDVRPDGHVXDViUHDV 

VXSHUILFLDLV   6XDEDVHpXPTXDGUDGRFRPPHWURVGH


 ODGR 
D  YH]HVPDLRUTXHDGDHVIHUD  6XDDOWXUDpGHPHWURV

E  YH]HVPDLRUTXHDGDHVIHUD 6XSRQKD TXH SDUD FRQVWUXLU SDUWH GD SLUkPLGH
F  YH]HVPDLRUTXHDGDHVIHUD HTXLYDOHQWH D  î  P R Q~PHUR PpGLR GH
G  YH]HVPDLRUTXHDGDHVIHUD RSHUiULRVXWLOL]DGRVFRPRPmRGHREUDJDVWDYDHP
H  YH]HVPDLRUTXHDGDHVIHUD PpGLD  GLDV 'DGRV TXH  î  #  H
  ·  #  H PDQWLGDV HVWDV PpGLDV R
 8QHVS   1R YD]DPHQWR GH SHWUyOHR GD WHPSR QHFHVViULR SDUD D FRQVWUXomR GH WRGD
HPSUHVD DPHULFDQD &KHYURQ GR ~OWLPR GLD  GH SLUkPLGH PHGLGR HP DQRV GH  GLDV IRL GH
QRYHPEUR QD EDFLD GH &DPSRV5- D PDQFKD GH DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
yOHR QD VXSHUItFLH GR PDU DVVXPLX JUDQGHV 
GLPHQV}HVHWHYHVHXSLFRGHiUHDHQWUHRVGLDV D  
H  GDTXHOH PrV 2 YD]DPHQWR OHYRX GLDV SDUD E  
VHU FRQWLGR SRLV R SHWUyOHR FRQWLQXDYD D HVFDSDU F  
SRUILVVXUDVFRPRPRVWUDGRQDIRWR G  
 H  

 8QHVS   3DUD TXH DOJXpP FRP R ROKR
QRUPDOSRVVDGLVWLQJXLUXPSRQWRVHSDUDGRGHRXWUR
pQHFHVViULRTXHDVLPDJHQVGHVVHVSRQWRVTXHVmR
SURMHWDGDVHPVXDUHWLQDHVWHMDPVHSDUDGDVXPDGD
RXWUDDXPDGLVWkQFLDGHPP



$ILJXUDPRVWUDGHIRUPDKLSRWpWLFDHDSUR[LPDGD 
HP WRP HVFXUR DV iUHDV GD PDQFKD GH yOHR QD 
VXSHUItFLHGRPDU $GRWDQGRVHXPPRGHORPXLWRVLPSOLILFDGRGRROKR
 KXPDQR QR TXDO HOH SRVVD VHU FRQVLGHUDGR XPD
HVIHUD FXMR GLkPHWUR PpGLR p LJXDO D  PP  D
PDLRU GLVWkQFLD [ HP PHWURV TXH GRLV SRQWRV
OXPLQRVRV GLVWDQWHV  PP  XP GR RXWUR SRGHP
HVWDU GR REVHUYDGRU SDUD TXH HVWH RV SHUFHED
VHSDUDGRVp

D 
E 
F 
G 
H 


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 141


 8QHVS 2EVHUYHRJUiILFRGDIXQomRI [   8QHVS  $ILJXUDUHSUHVHQWDXPDFKDSDGH
HDQDOLVHDVDILUPDo}HVDVHXUHVSHLWR DOXPtQLR GH IRUPDWR WULDQJXODU GH PDVVD 
 JUDPDV 'HVHMDVH FRUWiOD SRU XPD UHWD U  SDUDOHOD
DRODGR %& HTXHLQWHUFHSWDRODGR $% HP'HR
ODGR $& HP(GHPRGRTXHRWUDSp]LR%&('WHQKD
 JUDPDV GH PDVVD $ HVSHVVXUD H D GHQVLGDGH
GR PDWHULDO GD FKDSD VmR XQLIRUPHV 'HWHUPLQH R
YDORUSHUFHQWXDOGDUD]mRGH $' SRU $% 


'DGR  |  



, 6H[[  '> I @H[![HQWmRI [ !I [ 
,, 6H[!HQWmRI [ 
,,, 2SRQWR ± SHUWHQFHDRJUiILFRGHI [ 
,9 $ OHL GH IRUPDomR GH I [  UHSUHVHQWDGD QR
 
JUiILFRpGDGDSRU I [  [   
 
 D  
$ DOWHUQDWLYD TXH FRUUHVSRQGH D WRGDV DV E  
DILUPDo}HVYHUGDGHLUDVp F  
 G  
D  ,H,,, H  
E  ,,,H,,, 
F  ,H,9  8QHVS   2 SDSHOmR XWLOL]DGR QD
G  ,,,,,H,9 IDEULFDomRGHFDL[DVUHIRUoDGDVpFRPSRVWRGHWUrV
H  ,,H,9 IROKDV GH SDSHO FRODGDV XPD QDV RXWUDV VHQGR
 TXH DV GXDVIROKDVGDV IDFHV VmR³OLVDV´H D IROKD
 8QHVS   $ ILJXUD PRVWUD D UHSUHVHQWDomR TXHVHLQWHUFDODHQWUHHODVp³VDQIRQDGD´FRQIRUPH
GHDOJXPDVGDVUXDVGHQRVVDVFLGDGHV(VVDVUXDV PRVWUDGRQDILJXUD
SRVVXHP FDOoDGDV GH  P GH ODUJXUD VHSDUDGDV 
SRUXPDSLVWDGHPGHODUJXUD9DPRVDGPLWLUTXH

, RV SRVWHV GH LOXPLQDomR SURMHWDP VREUH D UXD

XPDiUHDLOXPLQDGDQDIRUPDGHXPDHOLSVHGH 
H[FHQWULFLGDGH 2 IDEULFDQWH GHVVH SDSHOmR FRPSUD R SDSHO HP
,, RFHQWURGHVVDHOLSVHHQFRQWUDVHYHUWLFDOPHQWH ERELQDV GH FRPSULPHQWR YDULiYHO 6XSRQGR TXH D
DEDL[RGDOkPSDGDQRPHLRGDUXD IROKD ³VDQIRQDGD´ GHVFUHYD XPD FXUYD FRPSRVWD
,,, R HL[R PHQRU GD HOLSVH SHUSHQGLFXODU j SRU XPD VHTXrQFLD GH VHPLFLUFXQIHUrQFLDV FRP
FDOoDGD WHP H[DWDPHQWH D ODUJXUD GD UXD FRQFDYLGDGHVDOWHUQDGDVHGHUDLRH[WHUQR 5([W GH
FDOoDGDVHSLVWD   PP GHWHUPLQH TXDO GHYH VHU D TXDQWLGDGH GH

6H GHVHMDUPRV TXH DV HOLSVHV GH OX] VH SDSHO GD ERELQD TXH JHUDUi D IROKD ³VDQIRQDGD´
WDQJHQFLHPQDVH[WUHPLGDGHVGRVHL[RVPDLRUHVD FRP SUHFLVmR GH FHQWtPHWURV SDUD TXH QR
GLVWkQFLD HP PHWURV HQWUH GRLV SRVWHV SURFHVVRGHIDEULFDomRGRSDSHOmRHVWDVHHVJRWH
FRQVHFXWLYRVGHYHUiVHUGHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH QRPHVPRLQVWDQWHGDVRXWUDVGXDVERELQDVGH
P GH FRPSULPHQWR GH SDSHO TXH SURGX]LUmR DV
'DGR  |  H  |   IDFHV³OLVDV´


'DGRʌ§

D  PHFP
E  PHFP
F  PHFP
G  PHFP
 H  PHFP
D   
E   
F   
G   
H   

142 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


7(;723$5$$635Ï;,0$648(67®(6 E 
 
8PDIiEULFDXWLOL]DGRLVWLSRVGHSURFHVVRV3H3
SDUD SURGX]LU GRLV WLSRV GH FKRFRODWHV & H &
3DUDSURGX]LUXQLGDGHVGH&VmRH[LJLGDV  
KRUDVGHWUDEDOKRQRSURFHVVR3HKRUDVHP3
3DUD SURGX]LU  XQLGDGHV GH & VmR
QHFHVViULDVKRUDGHWUDEDOKRQRSURFHVVR3H
KRUDV HP 3 5HSUHVHQWDQGR SRU [ D TXDQWLGDGH
GLiULD GH ORWHV GH  XQLGDGHV GH FKRFRODWHV
SURGX]LGDV SHOR SURFHVVR 3 H SRU \ D TXDQWLGDGH
GLiULD GH ORWHV GH  XQLGDGHV GH FKRFRODWHV
SURGX]LGDV SHOR SURFHVVR 3 VDEHVH TXH R 
Q~PHUR GH KRUDV WUDEDOKDGDV HP XP GLD QR 
SURFHVVR 3 p [  \ H TXH R Q~PHUR GH KRUDV F 
WUDEDOKDGDVHPXPGLDQRSURFHVVR3p[\ 


 8QHVS   'DGR TXH R OXFUR QD YHQGD GH
XPDXQLGDGHGRFKRFRODWHSURGX]LGRSHORSURFHVVR
3pGH5HQTXDQWRTXHROXFURQDYHQGDGH
XPDXQLGDGHGRFKRFRODWHSURGX]LGRSHORSURFHVVR
3 p GH 5  H VH IRUHP YHQGLGDV WRGDV DV
XQLGDGHV SURGX]LGDV HP XP GLD QRV GRLV
SURFHVVRVQRQ~PHURPi[LPRSRVVtYHLVGHKRUDV
ROXFURREWLGRHPUHDLVVHUi

D   
E   G 
F   
G  
H  


 8QHVS  'DGRTXHQRSURFHVVR3SRGH
VH WUDEDOKDU QR Pi[LPR   KRUDV SRU GLD H QR
SURFHVVR 3 SRGHVH WUDEDOKDU QR Pi[LPR 
KRUDVSRUGLDDUHSUHVHQWDomRQRSODQRFDUWHVLDQR
GR FRQMXQWR GRV SRQWRV [\  TXH VDWLVID]HP
VLPXOWDQHDPHQWHjVGXDVUHVWULo}HVGHQ~PHURGH
KRUDV SRVVtYHLV GH VHUHP WUDEDOKDGDV QRV 
SURFHVVRV3H3HPXPGLDp 
 H 
D 




 
  8QHVS 6HMD[XPQ~PHURUHDOSRVLWLYR
 2 YROXPH GH XP SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWRUHWkQJXOR p
 GDGR HP IXQomR GH [ SHOR SROLQ{PLR
 [[[6HXPDDUHVWDGRDUDOHOHStSHGR

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 143


PHGH [   D iUHD GD IDFH SHUSHQGLFXODU D HVVD 6H R kQJXOR ;<= p R GREUR GR kQJXOR ;:= D
DUHVWDSRGHVHUH[SUHVVDSRU PHGLGD HP NP GR ODGR <= TXH ILFD j PDUJHP GR
 ULRp
D  [[ 
E  [[ D  
E  
F  [[
F  
G  [[
G  
H  [[
H  
 
 8QHVS   6XSRQKD TXH XP SODQHWD 3 
GHVFUHYD XPD yUELWD HOtSWLFD HP WRUQR GH XPD  8QHVS  8PWURIpXSDUDXPFDPSHRQDWR
HVWUHOD2GHPRGRTXHFRQVLGHUDQGRXPVLVWHPD GH IXWHERO WHP D IRUPD GH XPD HVIHUD GH UDLR
GH FRRUGHQDGDV FDUWHVLDQDV RUWRJRQDLV VHQGR D 5   FP FRUWDGD SRU XP SODQR VLWXDGR D XPD
HVWUHOD 2 DRULJHPGRVLVWHPDDyUELWDSRVVDVHU
GLVWkQFLD GH   FP GR FHQWUR GD HVIHUD
GHVFULWD DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH SHOD HTXDomR
GHWHUPLQDQGR XPD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GH UDLR U FP H
§ [ · §\ ·
 
VREUHSRVWDDXPFLOLQGURFLUFXODUUHWRGHFPGH
¨ ¸  ¨ ¸   FRP [  H \  HP PLOK}HV GH
¨  ¸ ¨  ¸ DOWXUDHUDLRUFPFRPRQDILJXUD QmRHPHVFDOD 
© ¹ © ¹

TXLO{PHWURV

$ ILJXUD UHSUHVHQWD D HVWUHOD 2 D yUELWD GHVFULWD
SHOR SODQHWD H VXD SRVLomR QR LQVWDQWH HP TXH R
kQJXOR 32$ Ö PHGH Ɏ 
 




 
 2YROXPHGRFLOLQGURHPFPp
$ GLVWkQFLD HP PLOK}HV GH NP GR SODQHWD 3 j 
HVWUHOD 2 QRLQVWDQWHUHSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUDp D  S
 E  S
F  S
D    
G  S
E     H  S
F     
G     
 8QHVS 8PWULkQJXORWHPYpUWLFHV3  
H      4   H5  [ FRP[!6DEHQGRVH
 TXH D iUHD GR WULkQJXOR p  D DEVFLVVD [ GR
 8QHVS 8PDFHUWDSURSULHGDGHUXUDOWHP SRQWR5p
RIRUPDWRGHXPWUDSp]LRFRPRQDILJXUD$VEDVHV 
:= H ;< GR WUDSp]LR PHGHP  NP  H  NP  D  
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHHRODGR<=PDUJHLDXPULR E  

F  
G  
H  





 

144 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS  $ILJXUDUHSUHVHQWDXPWULkQJXOR D  [\ 
UHWkQJXORGHYpUWLFHV$%H&RQGHRVHJPHQWRGH E  [\ 
UHWD'(pSDUDOHORDRODGR$%GRWULkQJXOR F  [\ 

G  [\ 
H  [\ 

 8QHVS   $ ILJXUD UHSUHVHQWD XP WUDSp]LR
UHWkQJXORHPTXHDPHGLGDGH$%pNFHQWtPHWURV
RODGR$'PHGHNHRkQJXOR'Æ(PHGHƒ


 


6H$% FP$& FPH$' FPDiUHD 1HVWDV FRQGLo}HV D iUHD GR WUDSp]LR HP IXQomR
GRWUDSp]LR$%('HPFPp GHNpGDGDSRU
 
D  
E   D  N   
F   ª    º
E  N « » 
G   
H   ¬« »¼
 
 8QHVS   8P SDFLHQWH UHFHEH SRU YLD F  N 

LQWUDYHQRVD XP PHGLFDPHQWR j WD[D FRQVWDQWH GH
 POPLQ 2 IUDVFR GR PHGLFDPHQWR p IRUPDGR G  N  
SRUXPDSDUWH FLOtQGULFD H XPDSDUWH F{QLFD FXMDV H  N  
PHGLGDV VmR GDGDV QD ILJXUD H HVWDYD FKHLR

TXDQGRVHLQLFLRXDPHGLFDomR
 8QHVS   2 WUDWR UHVSLUDWyULR GH XPD

SHVVRDpFRPSRVWRGHYiULDVSDUWHVGHQWUHHODVRV
DOYpRORVSXOPRQDUHVSHTXHQLQRVVDFRVGHDURQGH
RFRUUH D WURFD GH R[LJrQLR SRU JiV FDUE{QLFR
9DPRVVXSRUTXHFDGDDOYpRORWHPIRUPDHVIpULFD
HTXHQXPDGXOWRRGLkPHWURPpGLRGHXPDOYpROR
VHMDDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHFP6HRYROXPHWRWDO
GRV DOYpRORV GH XP DGXOWR p LJXDO D  FP R
Q~PHUR DSUR[LPDGR GH DOYpRORV GHVVD SHVVRD
FRQVLGHUDQGRS p

D  î
 E  î
 F  î
$SyV K GH DGPLQLVWUDomR FRQWtQXD D PHGLFDomR G  î
IRLLQWHUURPSLGD'DGRTXHFP POHXVDQGR H  î
D DSUR[LPDomR S   R YROXPH HP PO GR 
PHGLFDPHQWRUHVWDQWHQRIUDVFRDSyVDLQWHUUXSomR  8QHVS (PXPDUHVLGrQFLDKiXPDiUHD
GDPHGLFDomRpDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH GH OD]HU FRP XPD SLVFLQD UHGRQGD GH  P GH
 GLkPHWUR 1HVVD iUHD Ki XP FRTXHLUR
D   UHSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUDSRUXPSRQWR4
E   
F  
G  
H  

 8QHVS   1XP VLVWHPD GH FRRUGHQDGDV
FDUWHVLDQDV RUWRJRQDLV R FRHILFLHQWH DQJXODU H D
HTXDomRJHUDOGDUHWDTXHSDVVDSHORVSRQWRV3H
4VHQGR3   H4RVLPpWULFRHPUHODomRDR 
HL[R\GRSRQWR4    VmRUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH 
 

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 145


6H D GLVWkQFLD GH 4 FRTXHLUR  DR SRQWR GH
WDQJrQFLD7 GDSLVFLQD pPDGLVWkQFLDG 43
GRFRTXHLURjSLVFLQDp

D  P
E  P
F  P
G  P
H  P

 8QHVS   &RQVLGHUH RV SRQWRV GR SODQR
         H  

5HSUHVHQWDQGR JHRPHWULFDPHQWH HVVHV SRQWRV QR
SODQR FDUWHVLDQR H OLJDQGRRV SRU PHLR GH
VHJPHQWRV GH UHWDV REHGHFHQGR D VHTXrQFLD
GDGDDSyVOLJDUR~OWLPRSRQWRDRSULPHLURREWpP
VHXPDUHJLmROLPLWDGDGRSODQR

6HDXQLGDGHGHPHGLGDpGDGDHPFHQWtPHWURVD
iUHDGHVVDUHJLmRHPFPp

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

GABARITO

$ & $ % (
& $ ( $ %
' % $ % (
& ( $ ' '
$ ( ' % $
& ( % ' %
$ ( ( % (
' ( % $ &
% ( $ ' 


146 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
GEOMETRIA PLANA, ANALÍTICA E ESPACIAL


 8QLFDPS   6H XP WHWUDHGUR UHJXODU H XP  8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH XP SDUDOHOHStSHGR
FXERWrPiUHDVGHVXSHUItFLHLJXDLVDUD]mRHQWUH UHWkQJXOR FXMDV DUHVWDV WrP FRPSULPHQWR
R FRPSULPHQWR GDV DUHVWDV GR WHWUDHGUR H R  FP  FP H  FP HXPWULkQJXORFXMRVYpUWLFHV
FRPSULPHQWRGDVDUHVWDVGRFXERpLJXDOD VmRRVFHQWURV LQWHUVHFomRGDVGLDJRQDLV GHWUrV
 IDFHVGHGLPHQV}HVGLVWLQWDVFRPRLOXVWUDDILJXUD
D    DVHJXLU
 
E   
F    
G      

 8QLFDPS   6DEHQGR TXH F p XP Q~PHUR
UHDO FRQVLGHUH QR SODQR FDUWHVLDQR D
FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GH HTXDomR [   \  F[  6H R
FHQWUR GHVVD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD SHUWHQFH j UHWD GH 

HTXDomR [  \  HQWmRVHXUDLRpLJXDOD 2SHUtPHWUR3GHVVHWULkQJXORpWDOTXH
 

D   D 3   FP 


E   E  FP  3   FP 
F    F  FP  3   FP 
G    G 3 !  FP 
 
 8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD DEDL[R H[LEH R  8QLFDPS 1RSODQRFDUWHVLDQRFRQVLGHUH
WULkQJXOR $%&  HP TXH $% %&  H $'  p XPD D FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GH HTXDomR [   \   \     H
DOWXUDGHFRPSULPHQWR K $iUHDGRWULkQJXOR $%&  
pLJXDOD DSDUiERODGHHTXDomR [  \    (VVDVGXDV
 FXUYDVVHLQWHUFHSWDPHP

D  XPSRQWR
E  GRLVSRQWRV
F  WUrVSRQWRV
G  TXDWURSRQWRV

 8QLFDPS   1R WULkQJXOR $%&  H[LELGR QD
ILJXUDDVHJXLU $' pDELVVHWUL]GRkQJXORLQWHUQR
HP $ H $' '% 




D  K  


E  K   2kQJXORLQWHUQRHP $ pLJXDOD

F  K   D ƒ
 E ƒ
G  K  
 F ƒ
 G ƒ

ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 147


 8QLFDPS   1R WULkQJXOR $%&  H[LELGR QD
ILJXUDDVHJXLU 0 pRSRQWRPpGLRGRODGR $% H
1 pRSRQWRPpGLRGRODGR $& 




2JUiILFRGDIXQomR \ $ [ QRSODQRFDUWHVLDQRp
 GDGRSRU
 
6H D iUHD GR WULkQJXOR 0%1  p LJXDO D W  HQWmR D D 
iUHDGRWULkQJXOR $%& pLJXDOD

D  W
E   W 
F  W 
G   W 

 8QLFDPS 1RSODQRFDUWHVLDQRVHMDP & D 
E 
FLUFXQIHUrQFLDGHFHQWURQDRULJHPHUDLR U !  H V 
DUHWDGHHTXDomR [  \  $UHWD V LQWHUFHSWD
D FLUFXQIHUrQFLD &  HP GRLV SRQWRV GLVWLQWRV VH H
VRPHQWHVH

D  U !  
E  U !  

F  U !   F 
G  U !  

 8QLFDPS $ILJXUDDEDL[RH[LEHXPVHWRU
FLUFXODU GLYLGLGR HP GXDV UHJL}HV GH PHVPD iUHD
D
$UD]mR pLJXDOD
E


G 


 
D     
 8QLFDPS   8P SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWkQJXOR
E    
WHP IDFHV GH iUHDV  FP    FP  H  FP   2
F  
YROXPHGHVVHSDUDOHOHStSHGRpLJXDOD
G   
 D    FP  
 8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHRTXDGUDGRGHODGR
D !  H[LELGRQDILJXUDDEDL[R6HMD $ [ DIXQomR E    FP  
TXH DVVRFLD D FDGD  d [ d D  D iUHD GD UHJLmR F  FP  
LQGLFDGDSHODFRUFLQ]D
G   FP  

148 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHDFLUFXQIHUrQFLDGH D  
HTXDomR FDUWHVLDQD [  \  
[  \  4XDO GDV E  
F  
HTXDo}HVDVHJXLUUHSUHVHQWDXPDUHWDTXHGLYLGH
G  
HVVDFLUFXQIHUrQFLDHPGXDVSDUWHVLJXDLV" 
  8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD DEDL[R H[LEH XP
D  [  \  
TXDGULOiWHUR $%&'  RQGH $% $'  H
E  [  \  
%& &'  FP 
F  [  \  

G  [  \  

 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH R WULkQJXOR
UHWkQJXOR $%'  H[LELGR QD ILJXUD DEDL[R HP TXH
$%  FP  %&  FP  H &'  FP  (QWmR R
kQJXOR Ʌ pLJXDOD



$iUHDGRTXDGULOiWHUR $%&' pLJXDOD

D  FP  
E   FP  

 F   FP  
D  q 
E q  G   FP  
F q  
G q   8QLFDPS 8PFLOLQGURFLUFXODUUHWRFRP
 UDLRGDEDVHHDOWXUDLJXDLVD 5 WHPDPHVPDiUHD
 8QLFDPS   6HMD L  D XQLGDGH LPDJLQiULD GHVXSHUItFLHWRWDOTXHXPDHVIHUDGHUDLR

LVWR p L   2 OXJDU JHRPpWULFR GRV SRQWRV GR
D  5 
SODQRFDUWHVLDQRFRPFRRUGHQDGDVUHDLV [ \ WDLV
E 5 
TXH [  \L \  [L L pXPD
F 5 

D  HOLSVH G  5 
E  KLSpUEROH 
F  SDUiEROD  8QLFDPS   1R SODQR FDUWHVLDQR D
G  UHWD HTXDomR [  \ [  \ UHSUHVHQWD
 
 8QLFDPS 8PFLOLQGURFLUFXODUUHWRFXMD D  XPSRQWR
DOWXUD p LJXDO DR GLkPHWUR GD EDVH HVWi LQVFULWR E  XPDUHWD
QXPDHVIHUD$UD]mRHQWUHRVYROXPHVGDHVIHUDH F  XPSDUGHUHWDVSDUDOHODV
GRFLOLQGURpLJXDOD G  XPSDUGHUHWDVFRQFRUUHQWHV
 
   8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD DEDL[R H[LEH XP
D   UHWkQJXOR $%&'  GHFRPSRVWR HP TXDWUR

TXDGUDGRV

E   

 
F  

G  

 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH R FtUFXOR GH
HTXDomRFDUWHVLDQD [   \  D[  E\ RQGH D H E 
VmRQ~PHURVUHDLVQmRQXORV2Q~PHURGHSRQWRV 
HP TXH HVVH FtUFXOR LQWHUFHSWD RV HL[RV 
FRRUGHQDGRVpLJXDOD

ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 149


$% § ·
2YDORUGDUD]mR pLJXDOD D  ¨  ¸  
%& © ¹
 E    
 § ·
D  
 F ¨    ¸  
© ¹
 G      
E  
 
  8QLFDPS   $ HPEDODJHP GH FHUWR
F  
 SURGXWRDOLPHQWtFLRHPIRUPDWRGHFLOLQGURFLUFXODU
 VHUi DOWHUDGD SDUD DFRPRGDU XP QRYR UyWXOR FRP
G   LQIRUPDo}HV QXWULFLRQDLV PDLV FRPSOHWDV

 0DQWHQGRRPHVPRYROXPHGDHPEDODJHPDVXD
 iUHD ODWHUDO SUHFLVD VHU DXPHQWDGD 3RUpP SRU
 8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD D VHJXLU H[LEH XP UHVWULo}HV GH FXVWR GR PDWHULDO XWLOL]DGR HVWH
SHQWiJRQR FRP WRGRV RV ODGRV GH PHVPR DXPHQWRGDiUHDODWHUDOQmRGHYHXOWUDSDVVDU
FRPSULPHQWR 6HMDP U H K R UDLR H D DOWXUD GD HPEDODJHP
 RULJLQDO H 5 H + R UDLR H D DOWXUD GD HPEDODJHP
DOWHUDGD1HVVDVFRQGLo}HVSRGHPRVDILUPDUTXH

5  + 
D t H d  
U  K 
5  + 
E t H d  
U  K 
5  + 
F t H d  
 U  K 
 5  + 
$PHGLGDGRkQJXOR Ʌ pLJXDOD G t H d  
U  K 

D   q  
 8QLFDPS (PXPDSDUHOKRH[SHULPHQWDO
E   q 
XP IHL[H ODVHU HPLWLGR QR SRQWR 3 UHIOHWH
F   q  LQWHUQDPHQWH WUrV YH]HV H FKHJD DR SRQWR 4
G   q  SHUFRUUHQGR R WUDMHWR 3)*+4 1D ILJXUD DEDL[R
 FRQVLGHUH TXH R FRPSULPHQWR GR VHJPHQWR 3% p
 GHFPRGRODGR$%pGHFPRSROtJRQR$%34
 8QLFDPS   2 SHUtPHWUR GH XP WULkQJXOR p XP UHWkQJXOR H RV kQJXORV GH LQFLGrQFLD H
UHWkQJXOR p LJXDO D  P H DV PHGLGDV GRV ODGRV UHIOH[mRVmRFRQJUXHQWHVFRPRVHLQGLFDHPFDGD
HVWmRHPSURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFD 3$ $iUHDGHVVH SRQWR GD UHIOH[mR LQWHUQD 4XDO p D GLVWkQFLD WRWDO
WULkQJXORpLJXDOD SHUFRUULGDSHORIHL[HOXPLQRVRQRWUDMHWR3)*+4"
 
D  P
E  P
F  P
G  P


 8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHXPFLOLQGURFLUFXODU
UHWR6HRUDLRGDEDVHIRUUHGX]LGRSHODPHWDGHH
DDOWXUDIRUGXSOLFDGDRYROXPHGRFLOLQGUR

D  pUHGX]LGRHP
E  DXPHQWDHP

F  SHUPDQHFHRPHVPR

G  pUHGX]LGRHP
D FP

E FP

F FP
 8QLFDPS 1RSODQRFDUWHVLDQRDUHWDGH
G FP
HTXDomR [  \   LQWHUFHSWD RV HL[RV

FRRUGHQDGRVQRVSRQWRV$H%2SRQWRPpGLRGR 
VHJPHQWR$%WHPFRRUGHQDGDV 

150 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QLFDPS 2VHJPHQWR$%pRGLkPHWUR D  
GH XP VHPLFtUFXOR H D EDVH GH XP WULkQJXOR E  
LVyVFHOHV$%&FRQIRUPHDILJXUDDEDL[R F  
 G  

 8QLFDPS   $ iUHD GR WULkQJXOR 2$%
HVERoDGRQDILJXUDDEDL[Rp




'HQRWDQGR DV iUHDV GDV UHJL}HV VHPLFLUFXODU H
WULDQJXODU UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH SRU 6 ɔ  H 7 ɔ   

SRGHPRVDILUPDUTXHDUD]mR 6 ɔ 7 ɔ  TXDQGR D 

ɔ Ɏ  UDGLDQRVp 
 E 
D  Ɏ   

E   Ɏ  F 
F  Ɏ  
G  Ɏ   
G 
 
 8QLFDPS   8P TXHLMR WHP R IRUPDWR GH 
SDUDOHOHStSHGRFRPGLPHQV}HVFP[FP[FP  8QLFDPS   8P YXOFmR TXH HQWURX HP
6HP GHVFDVFDU R TXHLMR XPD SHVVRD R GLYLGH HP HUXSomR JHURX XPD QXYHP GH FLQ]DV TXH DWLQJLX
FXERV FRP  FP GH DUHVWD GH PRGR TXH DOJXQV UDSLGDPHQWH D FLGDGH GH 5LR *UDQGH D  NP GH
FXERV ILFDP WRWDOPHQWH VHP FDVFD RXWURV GLVWkQFLD2VYRRVFRPGHVWLQRDFLGDGHVVLWXDGDV
SHUPDQHFHP FRP FDVFD HP DSHQDV XPD IDFH HPXPDUHJLmRFLUFXODUFRPFHQWURQRYXOFmRHFRP
DOJXQVFRPFDVFDHPGXDVIDFHVHRVUHVWDQWHVFRP UDLRPDLRUTXHDGLVWkQFLDHQWUHRYXOFmRH5LR
FDVFDHPWUrVIDFHV1HVVHFDVRRQ~PHURGHFXERV *UDQGH IRUDP FDQFHODGRV 1HVVH FDVR D iUHD GD
TXHSRVVXHPFDVFDHPDSHQDVXPDIDFHpLJXDOD UHJLmRTXHGHL[RXGHUHFHEHUYRRVp

 D PDLRUTXHNP
E PHQRUTXHNP
F PDLRUTXHNPHPHQRUTXHNP
G PDLRUTXHNPHPHQRUTXHNP






7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2

8P FDUSLQWHLUR IRL FRQWUDWDGR SDUD FRQVWUXLU XPD FHUFD IRUPDGD SRU ULSDV GH PDGHLUD $V ILJXUDV DEDL[R
DSUHVHQWDP XPD YLVWD SDUFLDO GD FHUFD EHP FRPR RV GHWDOKHV GDV OLJDo}HV HQWUH DV ULSDV QRV TXDLV RV
SDUDIXVRV VmR UHSUHVHQWDGRV SRU FtUFXORV EUDQFRV 1RWH TXH FDGD ULSD HVWi SUHVD j FHUFD SRU GRLV
SDUDIXVRVHPFDGDH[WUHPLGDGH







ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 151




 8QLFDPS 3DUDFRQVWUXLUXPDFHUFDFRP  8QLFDPS   6DEHQGR TXH D GLVWkQFLD UHDO
PGHFRPSULPHQWRVmRQHFHVViULRV HQWUHDFDWHGUDOHDSUHIHLWXUDpGHPSRGHPRV
 FRQFOXLU TXH D GLVWkQFLD UHDO HP OLQKD UHWD HQWUH D
D  PGHULSDV FDWHGUDOHDFkPDUDGHYHUHDGRUHVpGH
E  PGHULSDV 
F  PGHULSDV D  P
G  PGHULSDV
 E    P
 8QLFDPS 'HSRLVGHHQFKHUGHDUHLDXP F    P
PROGH FLOtQGULFR XPD FULDQoD YLURXR VREUH XPD G    P
VXSHUItFLH KRUL]RQWDO $SyV D UHWLUDGD GR PROGH D 
DUHLDHVFRUUHXIRUPDQGRXPFRQHFXMDEDVHWLQKD  8QLFDPS   2 SRQWR GH LQWHUVHomR GDV
UDLRLJXDODRGREURGRUDLRGDEDVHGRFLOLQGUR DYHQLGDV %UDVLO H -XVFHOLQR .XELWVFKHN SHUWHQFH j

UHJLmRGHILQLGDSRU

D  [í  \í ”
E  [í  \í ”
F  [  @>\  @>
G  [ \  >@

GABARITO

 
$DOWXUDGRFRQHIRUPDGRSHODDUHLDHUDLJXDOD & ' $ & &


 & & ' % '


D GDDOWXUDGRFLOLQGUR
 % & & $ $
 & % ' ' $
E GDDOWXUDGRFLOLQGUR
 % & $ ' $&
 % $ $ & %
F GDDOWXUDGRFLOLQGUR
 $ $ % % 
 
G GDDOWXUDGRFLOLQGUR


7(;723$5$$635Ï;,0$648(67®(6

$ ILJXUD D VHJXLU DSUHVHQWD SDUWH GR PDSD GH XPD
FLGDGH QR TXDO HVWmR LGHQWLILFDGDV D FDWHGUDO D
SUHIHLWXUDHDFkPDUDGHYHUHDGRUHV2EVHUYHTXHR
TXDGULFXODGR QmR UHSUHVHQWD RV TXDUWHLU}HV GD
FLGDGH VHUYLQGR DSHQDV SDUD D ORFDOL]DomR GRV
SRQWRVHUHWDVQRSODQRFDUWHVLDQR
1HVVD FLGDGH D $YHQLGD %UDVLO p IRUPDGD SHORV
SRQWRV HTXLGLVWDQWHV GD FDWHGUDO H GD SUHIHLWXUD
HQTXDQWR D $YHQLGD -XVFHOLQR .XELWVFKHN QmR
PRVWUDGD QR PDSD  p IRUPDGD SHORV SRQWRV
HTXLGLVWDQWHV GD SUHIHLWXUD H GD FkPDUD GH
YHUHDGRUHV


152 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO ENEM (2.º DIA)

MATEMÁTICA
GEOMETRIA PLANA, ANALÍTICA E ESPACIAL


 (QHP   8P JUXSR GH SDtVHV FULRX XPD  (QHP 33/   1R DQR GH  R
LQVWLWXLomR UHVSRQViYHO SRU RUJDQL]DU R 3URJUDPD PDWHPiWLFR (XOHU FRQVHJXLX GHPRQVWUDU D IDPRVD
,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH 1LYHODPHQWR GH (VWXGRV 3,1(  UHODomR SDUD SROLHGURV FRQYH[RV TXH UHODFLRQD R
FRPRREMHWLYRGHPHOKRUDURVtQGLFHVPXQGLDLVGH Q~PHUR GH VXDV IDFHV )   DUHVWDV $  H YpUWLFHV
HGXFDomR (P VXD VHGH IRL FRQVWUXtGD XPD 9   9  ) $    1R HQWDQWR QD EXVFD GHVVD
HVFXOWXUD VXVSHQVD FRP D ORJRPDUFD RILFLDO GR
SURJUDPD HP WUrV GLPHQV}HV TXH p IRUPDGD SRU GHPRQVWUDomR HVVD UHODomR IRL VHQGR WHVWDGD HP
VXDVLQLFLDLVFRQIRUPHPRVWUDGDQDILJXUD SROLHGURV FRQYH[RV H QmR FRQYH[RV 2EVHUYRXVH
 TXH DOJXQV SROLHGURV QmR FRQYH[RV VDWLVID]LDP D
UHODomRHRXWURVQmR8PH[HPSORGHSROLHGURQmR
 FRQYH[RpGDGRQDILJXUD7RGDVDVIDFHVTXHQmR
 SRGHPVHUYLVWDVGLUHWDPHQWHVmRUHWDQJXODUHV
(VVDHVFXOWXUDHVWiVXVSHQVDSRUFDERVGHDoRGH 
PDQHLUD TXH R HVSDoDPHQWR HQWUH OHWUDV
DGMDFHQWHVpRPHVPRWRGDVWrPLJXDOHVSHVVXUD
H ILFDP GLVSRVWDV HP SRVLomR RUWRJRQDO DR VROR
FRPRLOXVWUDGRDVHJXLU




$R PHLRGLD FRP R VRO D SLQR DV OHWUDV TXH
IRUPDP HVVD HVFXOWXUD SURMHWDP RUWRJRQDOPHQWH
VXDVVRPEUDVVREUHRVROR 

$VRPEUDSURMHWDGDQRVRORp
 4XDO D UHODomR HQWUH RV YpUWLFHV DV IDFHV H DV
D  DUHVWDVGRSROLHGURDSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUD"

D  9  ) $ 
E  9  ) $   
F  9  ) $   

E  G  9  ) $   
H  9  ) $   

 (QHP 33/   3DUD GHFRUDU VXD FDVD XPD
SHVVRDFRPSURXXPYDVRGHYLGURHPIRUPDGHXP
 SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWDQJXODU FXMDV PHGLGDV LQWHUQDV
F 
VmRFPGHFRPSULPHQWRFPGHODUJXUDH
FPGHDOWXUD(PVHJXLGDIRLDWpXPDIORULFXOWXUDH
HVFROKHX XPD SODQWD DTXiWLFD SDUD FRORFDU QHVVH
YDVR 6HJXQGR XPD SURSRVWD GR JHUHQWH GR ORFDO
 HVVD SHVVRD DYDOLRX D SRVVLELOLGDGH GH HQIHLWDU R
G  YDVR FRORFDQGR XPD FHUWD TXDQWLGDGH GH
SHGULQKDVDUWLILFLDLVEUDQFDVGHYROXPHLJXDOD
FP FDGD XPD GHODV TXH ILFDUmR WRWDOPHQWH
LPHUVDV QD iJXD TXH VHUi FRORFDGD QR YDVR 2
 JHUHQWHDOHUWRXTXHVHULDDGHTXDGRHPIXQomRGD
H SODQWD HVFROKLGD TXH PHWDGH GR YROXPH GR YDVR
IRVVH SUHHQFKLGR FRP iJXD H TXH DSyV DV
SHGULQKDVFRORFDGDVDDOWXUDGDiJXDGHYHULDILFDU
D  FP GR WRSR GR YDVR GDQGR XP UD]RiYHO
 HVSDoR SDUD R FUHVFLPHQWR GD SODQWD $ SHVVRD

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 153


DFHLWRX DV VXJHVW}HV DSUHVHQWDGDV DGTXLULQGR
DOpP GD SODQWD XPD TXDQWLGDGH PtQLPD GH
SHGULQKDVVDWLVID]HQGRDVLQGLFDo}HVGRJHUHQWH

1DV FRQGLo}HV DSUHVHQWDGDV D TXDQWLGDGH GH
SHGULQKDVFRPSUDGDVIRL

D   
E   
F   
G   
H    
 
 (QHP   8P PHVWUH GH REUDV GHVHMD ID]HU 8P FOLHQWH VROLFLWRX XP FRQWrLQHU FRP DOWXUD
XPD ODMH FRP HVSHVVXUD GH  FP  XWLOL]DQGR SDGUmR SRUpP FRP ODUJXUD   PDLRU H
FRQFUHWR XVLQDGR FRQIRUPH DV GLPHQV}HV GR FRPSULPHQWR  PHQRUTXHDVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHV
SURMHWR GDGDV QD ILJXUD 2 FRQFUHWR SDUD ID]HU D PHGLGDV GR PRGHOR SDGUmR 3DUD DWHQGHU jV
ODMH VHUi IRUQHFLGR SRU XPD XVLQD TXH XWLOL]D QHFHVVLGDGHV GH PHUFDGR D HPSUHVD WDPEpP
FDPLQK}HV FRP FDSDFLGDGHV Pi[LPDV GH  P  GLVSRQLELOL]D XP HVWRTXH GH RXWURV PRGHORV GH
PHPGHFRQFUHWR FRQWrLQHUHVFRQIRUPHRTXDGUR
 
0RGHORV FRP /DUJXUD &RPSULPHQWR
DOWXUDGHP HPPHWUR  HPPHWUR 
,    
,,    
,,,    
,9    
9    

'RV PRGHORV GLVSRQtYHLV TXDO DWHQGH jV
QHFHVVLGDGHVGRFOLHQWH"
 
 D  ,
4XDODPHQRUTXDQWLGDGHGHFDPLQK}HVXWLOL]DQGR E  ,,
VXDVFDSDFLGDGHVPi[LPDVTXHRPHVWUHGHREUDV F  ,,,
GHYHUiSHGLUjXVLQDGHFRQFUHWRSDUDID]HUDODMH" G  ,9
 H  9
D  'H] FDPLQK}HV FRP FDSDFLGDGH Pi[LPD GH 
 (QHP $VOXPLQiULDVSDUDXPODERUDWyULR
 P  
GH PDWHPiWLFD VHUmR IDEULFDGDV HP IRUPD GH
E  &LQFR FDPLQK}HV FRP FDSDFLGDGH Pi[LPD GH VyOLGRVJHRPpWULFRV8PDGHODVWHUiDIRUPDGHXP
 P   WHWUDHGURWUXQFDGR(VVHVyOLGRpJHUDGRDSDUWLUGH
F  8P FDPLQKmR FRP FDSDFLGDGH Pi[LPD GH VHFo}HV SDUDOHODV D FDGD XPD GDV IDFHV GH XP
WHWUDHGURUHJXODU3DUDHVVDOXPLQiULDDVVHFo}HV
 P   VHUmR IHLWDV GH PDQHLUD TXH HP FDGD FRUWH XP
G  'H] FDPLQK}HV FRP FDSDFLGDGH Pi[LPD GH WHUoR GDV DUHVWDV VHFFLRQDGDV VHUmR UHPRYLGDV
 P   8PDGHVVDVVHFo}HVHVWiLQGLFDGDQDILJXUD
H  8P FDPLQKmR FRP FDSDFLGDGH Pi[LPD GH 
 P  

 (QHP33/ 8PDHPSUHVDHVSHFLDOL]RXVH
QRDOXJXHOGHFRQWrLQHUHVTXHVmRXWLOL]DGRVFRPR
XQLGDGHV FRPHUFLDLV PyYHLV 2 PRGHOR SDGUmR
DOXJDGR SHOD HPSUHVD WHP DOWXUD GH  P H DV
RXWUDV GXDV GLPHQV}HV ODUJXUD H FRPSULPHQWR  
PHPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
 




154 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


(VVDOXPLQiULDWHUiSRUIDFHV  (QHP 8PDFRQVWUXWRUDSUHWHQGHFRQHFWDU
 XP UHVHUYDWyULR FHQWUDO 5&  HP IRUPDWR GH XP
D   KH[iJRQRV UHJXODUHV H  WULkQJXORV FLOLQGURFRPUDLRLQWHUQRLJXDODPHDOWXUDLQWHUQD
HTXLOiWHURV LJXDO D  P D TXDWUR UHVHUYDWyULRV FLOtQGULFRV
E   KH[iJRQRV UHJXODUHV H  WULkQJXORV DX[LOLDUHV 5 5  5  H 5    RV TXDLV SRVVXHP
HTXLOiWHURV UDLRVLQWHUQRVHDOWXUDVLQWHUQDVPHGLQGRP
F  TXDGULOiWHURVHWULkQJXORVLVyVFHOHV 
G  TXDGULOiWHURVHWULkQJXORVLVyVFHOHV
H   KH[iJRQRV UHJXODUHV H  WULkQJXORV
HTXLOiWHURV

 (QHP33/ 2GRQRGHXPVDOmRGHIHVWDV
SUHFLVD GHFRUDU FLQFR SLODVWUDV YHUWLFDLV FLOtQGULFDV
LGrQWLFDV FXMR UDLR GD EDVH PHGH  FP  2
REMHWLYR p UHYHVWLU LQWHJUDOPHQWH HVVDV SLODVWUDV 
FRP IDL[DV GH PHQRU FRPSULPHQWR SRVVtYHO GH 
PRGRTXHFDGDXPDWHQKDVHLVIDL[DVGHFRUSUHWD $V OLJDo}HV HQWUH R UHVHUYDWyULR FHQWUDO H RV
HFLQFRIDL[DVGHFRUEUDQFDFRQIRUPHLOXVWUDGRQD DX[LOLDUHVVmRIHLWDVSRUFDQRVFLOtQGULFRVFRP
ILJXUD P GH GLkPHWUR LQWHUQR H  P GH FRPSULPHQWR
 FRQHFWDGRV SUy[LPRV jV EDVHV GH FDGD
UHVHUYDWyULR 1D FRQH[mR GH FDGD XP GHVVHV
FDQRV FRP R UHVHUYDWyULR FHQWUDO Ki UHJLVWURV TXH
OLEHUDPRXLQWHUURPSHPRIOX[RGHiJXD
1R PRPHQWR HP TXH R UHVHUYDWyULR FHQWUDO HVWi
FKHLR H RV DX[LOLDUHV HVWmR YD]LRV DEUHPVH RV
TXDWUR UHJLVWURV H DSyV DOJXP WHPSR DV DOWXUDV
GDVFROXQDVGHiJXDQRVUHVHUYDWyULRVVHLJXDODP
DVVLP TXH FHVVD R IOX[R GH iJXD HQWUH HOHV SHOR
SULQFtSLRGRVYDVRVFRPXQLFDQWHV

$ PHGLGD HP PHWUR GDV DOWXUDV GDV FROXQDV GH
iJXD QRV UHVHUYDWyULRV DX[LOLDUHV DSyV FHVVDU R
IOX[RGHiJXDHQWUHHOHVp


  D  
(OH RUoRX DV IDL[DV HP FLQFR ORMDV TXH DV E  
FRPHUFLDOL]DP QD ODUJXUD H QDV FRUHV GHVHMDGDV F  
SRUpP HP WRGDV HODV Vy VmR YHQGLGDV SHoDV G  
LQWHLUDV2VFRPSULPHQWRVHRVUHVSHFWLYRVSUHoRV H  
GDV SHoDV FRPHUFLDOL]DGDV SRU ORMD HVWmR 
DSUHVHQWDGRVQRTXDGUR  (QHP 33/   8PD IRUPLJD HQFRQWUDVH QR
 SRQWR ; QR ODGR H[WHUQR GH XP FRSR TXH WHP D
&RPSULPHQWRGD 3UHoRGDSHoD IRUPDGHXPFLOLQGURUHWR1RODGRLQWHUQRQRSRQWR
/RMD
SHoD HPPHWUR  HPUHDO  9 H[LVWH XP JUmR GH Do~FDU SUHVR QD SDUHGH GR
,   FRSR$IRUPLJDVHJXHRFDPLQKR;<=:9 VHPSUH
,,   VREUHDVXSHUItFLHODWHUDOGRFRSR GHWDOIRUPDTXH
,,,   RV WUHFKRV =: H :9 VmR UHDOL]DGRV QD VXSHUItFLH
,9   LQWHUQD GR FRSR 2 FDPLQKR ;<=:9  p PRVWUDGR
9   QDILJXUD
 
2GRQRGRVDOmRGHIHVWDVGHFLGLXHIHWXDUDFRPSUD
HP XPD ~QLFD ORMD RSWDQGR SRU DTXHOD HP TXH D
FRPSUDILFDULDPDLVEDUDWD
8WLOL]HFRPRYDORUDSUR[LPDGRSDUD Ɏ 
$ ORMD QD TXDO R GRQR GR VDOmR GH IHVWDV GHYH
FRPSUDU DV SHoDV QHFHVViULDV SDUD FRQIHFFLRQDU
DVIDL[DVp

D ,
E ,,
F ,,,
G ,9 
H 9 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 155


6DEHVH TXH RV SRQWRV ; 9 : VH HQFRQWUDP j  (QHP 33/    $GDSWDGD  0XLWRV
PHVPDGLVWkQFLDGDERUGDRWUDMHWR :9  pRPDLV UHVWDXUDQWHV VHUYHP UHIULJHUDQWHV HP FRSRV
FXUWR SRVVtYHO RV WUDMHWRV ;< H =: VmR FRQWHQGR OLPmR H JHOR 6XSRQKD XP FRSR GH
SHUSHQGLFXODUHVjERUGDGRFRSRHRVSRQWRV; H IRUPDWR FLOtQGULFR FRP DV VHJXLQWHV PHGLGDV
9VHHQFRQWUDPGLDPHWUDOPHQWHRSRVWRV GLkPHWUR FPHDOWXUD FP1HVVHFRSRKi
6XSRQGR TXH R FRSR p GH PDWHULDO UHFRUWiYHO GRLV FXERV GH JHOR FXMDV DUHVWDV PHGHP  FP
UHDOL]DVH XP FRUWH SHOR VHJPHQWR XQLQGR 3 D 4 FDGDHGXDVURGHODVFLOtQGULFDVGHOLPmRFRPFP
SHUSHQGLFXODU j ERUGD GR FRSR H UHFRUWDVH GH GLkPHWUR H  FP GH HVSHVVXUD FDGD
WDPEpPVXDEDVHREWHQGRHQWmRXPDILJXUDSODQD &RQVLGHUH TXH DR FRORFDU R UHIULJHUDQWH QR FRSR
'HVFRQVLGHUHDHVSHVVXUDGRFRSR RV FXERV GH JHOR H RV OLP}HV ILFDUmR WRWDOPHQWH

LPHUVRV
&RQVLGHUDQGR DSHQDV D SODQLILFDomR GD VXSHUItFLH 8VH  FRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD Ɏ  
ODWHUDOGRFRSRDWUDMHWyULDGDIRUPLJDp
 
D  2 YROXPH Pi[LPR GH UHIULJHUDQWH HP FHQWtPHWUR
F~ELFRTXHFDEHQHVVHFRSRFRQWHQGRDVURGHODV
GHOLPmRHRVFXERVGHJHORFRPVXDVGLPHQV}HV
LQDOWHUDGDVpLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
 G  
E  H  

 (QHP33/ 0XLWRVUHVWDXUDQWHVVHUYHP
UHIULJHUDQWHV HP FRSRV FRQWHQGR OLPmR H JHOR
6XSRQKD XP FRSR GH IRUPDWR FLOtQGULFR FRP DV
VHJXLQWHV PHGLGDV GLkPHWUR   FP H DOWXUD 
 FP 1HVVH FRSR Ki WUrV FXERV GH JHOR FXMDV
DUHVWDV PHGHP  FP FDGD H GXDV URGHODV
 FLOtQGULFDVGHOLPmRFRP  FP GHGLkPHWURH
F 
FPGHHVSHVVXUDFDGD&RQVLGHUHTXHDRFRORFDU
R UHIULJHUDQWH QR FRSR RV FXERV GH JHOR H RV
OLP}HVILFDUmRWRWDOPHQWHLPHUVRV
8VH  FRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD Ɏ  

2 YROXPH Pi[LPR GH UHIULJHUDQWH HP FHQWtPHWUR
F~ELFRTXHFDEHQHVVHFRSRFRQWHQGRDVURGHODV
 GHOLPmRHRVFXERVGHJHORFRPVXDVGLPHQV}HV
G
LQDOWHUDGDVpLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

   (QHP33/ 8PDHPSUHVDGHWUDQVSRUWH
H
GLVSRQLELOL]D SDUD HPEDODJHP GH HQFRPHQGDV
FDL[DV GH SDSHOmR QR IRUPDWR GH SDUDOHOHStSHGR
UHWRUHWkQJXORFRQIRUPHGLPHQV}HVQRTXDGUR

0RGHOR &RPSULPHQWR /DUJXUD $OWXUD
GDFDL[D FP  FP  FP 
      
        
       
       
       
 


156 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


3DUD HPEDODU XPD HQFRPHQGD FRQWHQGR XP &RP EDVH QR JUiILFR H QDV DILUPDo}HV DQWHULRUHV
REMHWR HVIpULFR FRP  FP  GH UDLR HVVD HPSUHVD HP TXDO EDU R XVXiULR 3  WHULD D SRVVLELOLGDGH GH
DGRWDFRPRFULWpULRDXWLOL]DomRGDFDL[DGHQWUHRV XP PDWFK FRP RV XVXiULRV 4 5 H 6 
PRGHORV GLVSRQtYHLV TXH FRPSRUWH TXDQGR VLPXOWDQHDPHQWH"
IHFKDGD H VHP GHIRUPiOD D HQFRPHQGD H TXH 
SRVVXDDPHQRUiUHDGHVXSHUItFLHWRWDO D  ,
'HVFRQVLGHUHDHVSHVVXUDGDFDL[D E  ,,
 F  ,,,
1HVVDVFRQGLo}HVTXDOGRVPRGHORVDSUHVHQWDGRV G  ,9
GHYHUiVHURHVFROKLGRSHODHPSUHVD" H  9
 
D    (QHP33/$GDSWDGD  8PDHPSUHVD
E   LQYHVWLQGR QD VHJXUDQoD FRQWUDWD XPD ILUPD SDUD
F   LQVWDODUPDLVXPDFkPHUDGHVHJXUDQoDQRWHWRGH
G   XPDVDOD3DUDLQLFLDURVHUYLoRRUHSUHVHQWDQWHGD
H   HPSUHVD LQIRUPD DR LQVWDODGRU TXH QHVVD VDOD Mi
 HVWmRLQVWDODGDVGXDVFkPHUDVHDWHUFHLUDGHYHUi
 (QHP 8PDSOLFDWLYRGHUHODFLRQDPHQWRV VHU FRORFDGD GH PDQHLUD D ILFDU HTXLGLVWDQWH
IXQFLRQDGDVHJXLQWHIRUPDRXVXiULRFULDXPSHUILO GHVWDV $OpP GLVVR HOH DSUHVHQWD RXWUDV GXDV
FRP IRWR H LQIRUPDo}HV SHVVRDLV LQGLFD DV LQIRUPDo}HV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GRV XVXiULRV FRP TXHP GHVHMD  XP HVERoR HP XP VLVWHPD GH FRRUGHQDGDV
HVWDEHOHFHU FRQWDWR H GHWHUPLQD XP UDLR GH FDUWHVLDQDV GR WHWR GD VDOD RQGH HVWmR
DEUDQJrQFLD D SDUWLU GD VXD ORFDOL]DomR 2 LQVHULGDV DV SRVLo}HV GDV FkPHUDV  H 
DSOLFDWLYRLGHQWLILFDDVSHVVRDVTXHVHHQFDL[DPQR FRQIRUPHDILJXUD
SHUILO GHVHMDGR H TXH HVWmR D XPD GLVWkQFLD GR 

XVXiULR PHQRU RX LJXDO DR UDLR GH DEUDQJrQFLD


&DVR GRLV XVXiULRV WHQKDP SHUILV FRPSDWtYHLV H
HVWHMDP QXPD UHJLmR GH DEUDQJrQFLD FRPXP D
DPERV R DSOLFDWLYR SURPRYH R FRQWDWR HQWUH RV
XVXiULRVRTXHpFKDPDGRGHPDWFK
2 XVXiULR 3  GHILQH XP UDLR GH DEUDQJrQFLD FRP
PHGLGDGHNPHEXVFDDPSOLDUDSRVVLELOLGDGHGH
REWHUXPPDWFKVHGHVORFDQGRSDUDDUHJLmRFHQWUDO
GD FLGDGH TXH FRQFHQWUD XP PDLRU Q~PHUR GH
XVXiULRV 2 JUiILFR LOXVWUD DOJXQV EDUHV TXH R
XVXiULR 3  FRVWXPD IUHTXHQWDU SDUD DWLYDU R
DSOLFDWLYRLQGLFDGRVSRU,,,,,,,9H96DEHVHTXH
RVXVXiULRV45H6FXMDVSRVLo}HVHVWmRGHVFULWDV
SHOR JUiILFR VmR FRPSDWtYHLV FRP R XVXiULR 3 H
TXH HVWHV GHILQLUDP UDLRV GH DEUDQJrQFLD 

UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHLJXDLVDNPNPHNP
 FLQFRUHODo}HVHQWUHDVFRRUGHQDGDV [ \  GD

SRVLomRRQGHDFkPHUDGHYHUiVHULQVWDODGD

5 \  [ 
5  \  [   
5  \  [    
5  \  [   
5  \  [   

2 LQVWDODGRU DSyV DQDOLVDU DV LQIRUPDo}HV H
DV FLQFR UHODo}HV ID] D RSomR FRUUHWD GHQWUH
DV UHODo}HV DSUHVHQWDGDV SDUD LQVWDODU D
WHUFHLUDFkPHUD


$UHODomRHVFROKLGDSHORLQVWDODGRUIRLD

D 5 
E 5 
F 5 
 G 5 

H 5 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 157


 (QHP33/ 8PDHPSUHVDLQYHVWLQGRQD MRYHP UHVROYHX FRQVWUXLU XP FLVQH XVDQGR WpFQLFD
VHJXUDQoD FRQWUDWD XPD ILUPD SDUD LQVWDODU PDLV GRRULJDPLXWLOL]DQGRXPDIROKDGHSDSHOGH  FP 
XPD FkPHUD GH VHJXUDQoD QR WHWR GH XPD VDOD SRU  FP $VVLP FRPHoRX SRU GREUDU D IROKD
3DUDLQLFLDURVHUYLoRRUHSUHVHQWDQWHGDHPSUHVD FRQIRUPHDILJXUD
LQIRUPD DR LQVWDODGRU TXH QHVVD VDOD Mi HVWmR 
LQVWDODGDV GXDV FkPHUDV H D WHUFHLUD GHYHUi VHU
FRORFDGD GH PDQHLUD D ILFDU HTXLGLVWDQWH GHVWDV
$OpP GLVVR HOH DSUHVHQWD RXWUDV GXDV
LQIRUPDo}HV
 XP HVERoR HP XP VLVWHPD GH FRRUGHQDGDV
FDUWHVLDQDV GR WHWR GD VDOD RQGH HVWmR
LQVHULGDV DV SRVLo}HV GDV FkPHUDV  H 
FRQIRUPHDILJXUD



$SyV HVVD SULPHLUD GREUDGXUD D PHGLGD GR
VHJPHQWR $( p

D    FP 
E    FP 
F   FP 
G    FP 
H    FP 

 (QHP 33/   $ XQLGDGH GH PHGLGD
XWLOL]DGD SDUD DQXQFLDU R WDPDQKR GDV WHODV GH
WHOHYLVRUHV QR %UDVLO p D SROHJDGD TXH
 FRUUHVSRQGH D  FP  'LIHUHQWHPHQWH GR TXH

PXLWRVLPDJLQDPGL]HUTXHDWHODGHXPD79WHP
 FLQFRUHODo}HVHQWUHDVFRRUGHQDGDV [ \  GD
;  SROHJDGDVVLJQLILFDTXHDGLDJRQDOGRUHWkQJXOR
SRVLomRRQGHDFkPHUDGHYHUiVHULQVWDODGD TXH UHSUHVHQWD VXD WHOD PHGH ;  SROHJDGDV
 FRQIRUPHLOXVWUDomR
5 \ [ 

5  \ [  
5  \ [  
 
5  \ [
 
 
5  \ [
  

2LQVWDODGRUDSyVDQDOLVDUDVLQIRUPDo}HVHDVFLQFR 

UHODo}HV ID] D RSomR FRUUHWD GHQWUH DV UHODo}HV 2 DGPLQLVWUDGRU GH XP PXVHX UHFHEHX XPD 79
DSUHVHQWDGDVSDUDLQVWDODUDWHUFHLUDFkPHUD
FRQYHQFLRQDO GH   SROHJDGDV TXH WHP FRPR
$UHODomRHVFROKLGDSHORLQVWDODGRUIRLD
UD]mR GR FRPSULPHQWR &  SHOD DOWXUD $  D

SURSRUomR  H SUHFLVD FDOFXODU R FRPSULPHQWR
D  5 
&  GHVVD 79 D ILP GH FRORFiOD HP XPD HVWDQWH
E  5  SDUDH[SRVLomR
F  5 
$ WHOD GHVVD 79 WHP PHGLGD GR FRPSULPHQWR & 
G  5 
HPFHQWtPHWURLJXDOD
H  5  
 D  
 (QHP   &RQVWUXLU ILJXUDV GH GLYHUVRV
E  
WLSRVDSHQDVGREUDQGRHFRUWDQGRSDSHOVHPFROD
H VHP WHVRXUD p D DUWH GR RULJDPL RUL  GREUDU F  
NDPL  SDSHO  TXH WHP XP VLJQLILFDGR DOWDPHQWH G  
VLPEyOLFR QR -DSmR $ EDVH GR RULJDPL p R H  
FRQKHFLPHQWR GR PXQGR SRU EDVH GR WDWR 8PD

158 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP   8PD DGPLQLVWUDomR PXQLFLSDO  (QHP 33/   1R WUDSp]LR LVyVFHOHV
HQFRPHQGRX D SLQWXUD GH GH] SODFDV GH PRVWUDGRQDILJXUDDVHJXLU 0 pRSRQWRPpGLRGR
VLQDOL]DomR SDUD FRORFDU HP VHX SiWLR GH VHJPHQWR %& H RV SRQWRV 3  H 4  VmR REWLGRV
HVWDFLRQDPHQWR GLYLGLQGRRVHJPHQWR $' HPWUrVSDUWHVLJXDLV
2 SURILVVLRQDO FRQWUDWDGR SDUD R VHUYLoR LQLFLDO 
SLQWDUi R IXQGR GH GH] SODFDV H FREUDUi XP YDORU
GH DFRUGR FRP D iUHD WRWDO GHVVDV SODFDV 2
IRUPDWR GH FDGD SODFD p XP FtUFXOR GH GLkPHWUR
G   FP TXH WDQJHQFLD ODGRV GH XP UHWkQJXOR
VHQGR TXH R FRPSULPHQWR WRWDO GD SODFD p K  
FP FRQIRUPH OXVWUDGR QD ILJXUD 8VH  FRPR
DSUR[LPDomRSDUDS



3HORV SRQWRV % 0 & 3 H 4 VmR WUDoDGRV
VHJPHQWRV GH UHWD GHWHUPLQDQGR FLQFR WULkQJXORV
LQWHUQRVDRWUDSp]LRFRQIRUPHDILJXUD

$UD]mRHQWUH %& H $' TXHGHWHUPLQDiUHDVLJXDLV
SDUDRVFLQFRWULkQJXORVPRVWUDGRVQDILJXUDp


D 

 
 E 

4XDO p D VRPD GDV PHGLGDV GDV iUHDV HP
FHQWtPHWURVTXDGUDGRVGDVGH]SODFDV" 
F 
 
D   
E   G 

F  

G   H 
H   
 
 (QHP   (P XP FRQGRPtQLR XPD iUHD  (QHP33/ 8PDWRUQHLUDGRWLSRGH
SDYLPHQWDGD TXH WHP D IRUPD GH XP FtUFXOR FRP YROWDpPDLVHFRQ{PLFDMiTXHVHXUHJLVWURDEUHH
GLkPHWUR PHGLQGR  P p FHUFDGR SRU JUDPD $ IHFKD EHP PDLV UDSLGDPHQWH GR TXH R GH XPD
DGPLQLVWUDomR GR FRQGRPtQLR GHVHMD DPSOLDU HVVD WRUQHLUD FRPXP $ ILJXUD GH XPD WRUQHLUD GR WLSR
iUHD PDQWHQGR VHX IRUPDWR FLUFXODU H  GH YROWD WHP XP SRQWR SUHWR PDUFDGR QD
DXPHQWDQGR HP P R GLkPHWUR GHVVD UHJLmR H[WUHPLGDGH GD KDVWH GH VHX UHJLVWUR TXH VH
PDQWHQGR R UHYHVWLPHQWR GD SDUWH Mi H[LVWHQWH 2 HQFRQWUD QD SRVLomR IHFKDGR H SDUD DEULOR
FRQGRPtQLR GLVS}H HP HVWRTXH GH PDWHULDO FRPSOHWDPHQWH p QHFHVViULR JLUDU D KDVWH  GH
VXILFLHQWHSDUDSDYLPHQWDUPDLVPGHiUHD2 YROWDQRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR&RQVLGHUHTXHDKDVWH
VtQGLFR GR FRQGRPtQLR LUi DYDOLDU VH HVVH PDWHULDO HVWHMDSDUDOHODDRSODQRGDSDUHGH
GLVSRQtYHOVHUiVXILFLHQWHSDUDSDYLPHQWDUDUHJLmR 
DVHUDPSOLDGD
8WLOL]H  FRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUDS
$FRQFOXVmRFRUUHWDDTXHRVtQGLFRGHYHUiFKHJDU
FRQVLGHUDQGR D QRYD iUHD D VHU SDYLPHQWDGD p D
GHTXHRPDWHULDOGLVSRQtYHOHPHVWRTXH

D  VHUi VXILFLHQWH SRLV D iUHD GD QRYD UHJLmR D
VHUSDYLPHQWDGDPHGHP
E  VHUi VXILFLHQWH SRLV D iUHD GD QRYD UHJLmR D
VHUSDYLPHQWDGDPHGHP
F  VHUi VXILFLHQWH SRLV D iUHD GD QRYD UHJLmR D 

VHUSDYLPHQWDGDPHGHP
4XDOGDVLPDJHQVUHSUHVHQWDDSURMHomRRUWRJRQDO
G  QmRVHUiVXILFLHQWHSRLVDiUHDGDQRYDUHJLmR
QD SDUHGH GD WUDMHWyULD WUDoDGD SHOR SRQWR SUHWR
DVHUSDYLPHQWDGDPHGHP
TXDQGRRUHJLVWURpDEHUWRFRPSOHWDPHQWH"
H  QmRVHUiVXILFLHQWHSRLVDiUHDGDQRYDUHJLmR

DVHUSDYLPHQWDGDPHGHP

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 159


D  2 PRGHOR GH FDL[D GH SDSHOmR TXH DWHQGH
H[DWDPHQWH DV PHGLGDV GDV GLPHQV}HV
HVSHFLILFDGDVpD


D  FDL[D
E  FDL[D
F  FDL[D
 G  FDL[D
E  H  FDL[D

 (QHP 33/   8PD IiEULFD FRPHUFLDOL]D
FKRFRODWHV HP XPD FDL[D GH PDGHLUD FRPR QD
ILJXUD


F 


G 



$ FDL[D GH PDGHLUD WHP D IRUPD GH XP
 SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWRUHWkQJXOR FXMDV GLPHQV}HV
H  H[WHUQDVHPFHQWtPHWURHVWmRLQGLFDGDVQDILJXUD
 6DEHVHWDPEpPTXHDHVSHVVXUDGDPDGHLUDHP
 WRGDVDVVXDVIDFHVpGHFP
 (QHP33/  8PDHPSUHVDHVSHFLDOL]DGD 4XDO p R YROXPH GH PDGHLUD XWLOL]DGR HP
HP HPEDODJHP GH SDSHOmR UHFHEHX XPD FHQWtPHWURF~ELFRQDFRQVWUXomRGHXPDFDL[DGH
HQFRPHQGD SDUD IDEULFDU FDL[DV SDUD XP PDGHLUD FRPR D GHVFULWD SDUD HPEDODU RV
GHWHUPLQDGRPRGHORGHWHOHYLVRUFRPRRGDILJXUD FKRFRODWHV"
 

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 (QHP 0LQHFUDIWpXPMRJRYLUWXDOTXHSRGH
DX[LOLDU QR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GH FRQKHFLPHQWRV
UHODFLRQDGRVDHVSDoRHIRUPDeSRVVtYHOFULDUFDVDV
HGLItFLRVPRQXPHQWRVHDWpQDYHVHVSDFLDLVWXGRHP
 HVFDODUHDODWUDYpVGRHPSLOKDPHQWRGHFXELQKRV

8PMRJDGRUGHVHMDFRQVWUXLUXPFXERFRPGLPHQV}HV
$ HPEDODJHP GHYH GHL[DU XPD IROJD GH  FP HP
FDGDXPDGDVGLPHQV}HV(VWDIROJDVHUiXWLOL]DGD uu (OH Mi HPSLOKRX DOJXQV GRV FXELQKRV
SDUD SURWHJHU D WHOHYLVmR FRP LVRSRU 2 SDSHOmR QHFHVViULRVFRQIRUPHDILJXUD


XWLOL]DGR QD FRQIHFomR GDV FDL[DV SRVVXL XPD


HVSHVVXUDGHFP
$ HPSUHVD SRVVXL  SURWyWLSRV GH FDL[D GH
SDSHOmR QD IRUPD GH XP SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWR
UHWkQJXOR FXMDV PHGLGDV H[WHUQDV FRPSULPHQWR
DOWXUD H ODUJXUD HP FHQWtPHWUR VmR
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHLJXDLVD

&DL[D  u  u  
&DL[D  u  u  
&DL[D  u  u  
&DL[D  u  u  
&DL[D  u  u   

160 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


2V FXELQKRV TXH DLQGD IDOWDP HPSLOKDU SDUD D 
ILQDOL]DUDFRQVWUXoăRGRFXERMXQWRVIRUPDPXPD
SHoD~QLFDFDSD]GHFRPSOHWDUDWDUHID
2 IRUPDWR GD SHoD FDSD] GH FRPSOHWDU R FXER
uup

D

 
E  
E 


F

  
G  F 


H 


 
 (QHP 33/   $ ILJXUD PRVWUD XPD G 
DQWLFOHSVLGUDTXHpXPVyOLGRJHRPpWULFRREWLGRDR
VHUHWLUDUGRLVFRQHVRSRVWRVSHORVYpUWLFHVGHXP
FLOLQGUR HTXLOiWHUR FXMDV EDVHV FRLQFLGDP FRP DV
EDVHV GHVVH FLOLQGUR $ DQWLFOHSVLGUD SRGH VHU
FRQVLGHUDGDWDPEpPFRPRRVyOLGRUHVXOWDQWHGD
URWDomRGHXPDILJXUDSODQDHPWRUQRGHXPHL[R



H 



$ ILJXUD SODQD FXMD URWDomR HP WRUQR GR HL[R
LQGLFDGR JHUD XPD DQWLFOHSVLGUD FRPR D GD ILJXUD
DFLPDp
 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 161


 (QHP   8P DUWHVmR SRVVXL SRWHV (VVH FRQMXQWR p GDGR SHORV SDUHV RUGHQDGRV
FLOtQGULFRV GH WLQWD FXMDV PHGLGDV H[WHUQDV VmR [ \  ` u ` WDLVTXH
 FP GH GLkPHWUR H  FP GH DOWXUD (OH SUHWHQGH 
DGTXLULUFDL[DVRUJDQL]DGRUDVSDUDDUPD]HQDUVHXV D   d [ d \ d  
SRWHV GH WLQWD HPSLOKDGRV YHUWLFDOPHQWH FRP
WDPSDVYROWDGDVSDUDFLPDGHIRUPDTXHDVFDL[DV E   d \ d [ d  
SRVVDPVHUIHFKDGDV F   d [ d   d \ d  
1R PHUFDGR H[LVWHP FLQFR RSo}HV GH FDL[DV G   d [  \ d  
RUJDQL]DGRUDV FRP WDPSD HP IRUPDWR GH
SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWR UHWkQJXOR YHQGLGDV SHOR H   d [  \ d  
PHVPR SUHoR SRVVXLQGR DV VHJXLQWHV GLPHQV}HV 
 (QHP 33/   8PD LQG~VWULD
LQWHUQDV
DXWRPRELOtVWLFD HVWi WHVWDQGR XP QRYR PRGHOR GH

FDUUR &LQTXHQWD OLWURV GH FRPEXVWtYHO VmR
&RPSULPHQWR /DUJXUD $OWXUD
0RGHOR FRORFDGRVQRWDQTXHGHVVHFDUURTXHpGLULJLGRHP
FP  FP  FP 
XPD SLVWD GH WHVWHV DWp TXH WRGR R FRPEXVWtYHO
,     WHQKD VLGR FRQVXPLGR 2 VHJPHQWR GH UHWD QR
,,      JUiILFR PRVWUD R UHVXOWDGR GHVVH WHVWH QR TXDO D
,,,      TXDQWLGDGHGHFRPEXVWtYHOQRWDQTXHpLQGLFDGDQR
,9       HL[R \ YHUWLFDO  H D GLVWkQFLD SHUFRUULGD SHOR
9      DXWRPyYHOpLQGLFDGDQRHL[R[ KRUL]RQWDO 


4XDOGHVVHVPRGHORVRDUWHVmRGHYHDGTXLULUSDUD
FRQVHJXLUDUPD]HQDURPDLRUQ~PHURGHSRWHVSRU
FDL[D"

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9
H  9

 (QHP   3DUD FULDU XP ORJRWLSR XP 

SURILVVLRQDO GD iUHD GH GHVLJQ JUiILFR GHVHMD $ H[SUHVVmR DOJpEULFD TXH UHODFLRQD D TXDQWLGDGH
FRQVWUXtORXWLOL]DQGRRFRQMXQWRGHSRQWRVGRSODQR GH FRPEXVWtYHO QR WDQTXH H D GLVWkQFLD SHUFRUULGD
QDIRUPDGHXPWULkQJXORH[DWDPHQWHFRPRPRVWUD SHORDXWRPyYHOp
DLPDJHP 
 D \ [   
[
E \   

[
F \   

[
G \   

[
H \   


 (QHP 3DUDDSDJDURVIRFRV$H%GHXP
LQFrQGLRTXHHVWDYDPDXPDGLVWkQFLDGHPXP
GRRXWURRVERPEHLURVGHXPTXDUWHOGHFLGLUDPVH
SRVLFLRQDUGHPRGRTXHDGLVWkQFLDGHXPERPEHLUR
DR IRFR $ GH WHPSHUDWXUD PDLV HOHYDGD IRVVH
VHPSUH R GREUR GD GLVWkQFLD GHVVH ERPEHLUR DR
 IRFR%GHWHPSHUDWXUDPHQRVHOHYDGD
 1HVWDV FRQGLo}HV D PDLRU GLVWkQFLD HP PHWUR
3DUD FRQVWUXLU WDO LPDJHP XWLOL]DQGR XPD TXHGRLVERPEHLURVSRGHULDPWHUHQWUHHOHVp
IHUUDPHQWD JUiILFD VHUi QHFHVViULR HVFUHYHU 
DOJHEULFDPHQWH R FRQMXQWR TXH UHSUHVHQWD RV D 
SRQWRVGHVVHJUiILFR E 
 F 
G 
H 

162 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP  8PMRJRSHGDJyJLFR XWLOL]DVHGH  5HIOH[mRQRHL[R[
XPD LQWHUIDFH DOJpEULFRJHRPpWULFD GR VHJXLQWH   5RWDomR GH  JUDXV QR VHQWLGR DQWLKRUiULR
PRGRRVDOXQRVGHYHPHOLPLQDURVSRQWRVGRSODQR FRPFHQWURGHURWDomRQRSRQWR$
FDUWHVLDQR GDQGR WLURV VHJXLQGR WUDMHWyULDV TXH  5HIOH[mRQRHL[R\
GHYHPSDVVDUSHORVSRQWRVHVFROKLGRV3DUDGDURV   5RWDomR GH  JUDXV QR VHQWLGR KRUiULR FRP
WLURV R DOXQR GHYH HVFUHYHU HP XPD MDQHOD GR FHQWURGHURWDomRQRSRQWR$
SURJUDPDDHTXDomRFDUWHVLDQDGHXPDUHWDRXGH  5HIOH[mRQRHL[R[


XPD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD TXH SDVVD SHORV SRQWRV H SHOD 'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZSXFVSEU$FHVVRHPDJR


RULJHP GR VLVWHPD GH FRRUGHQDGDV 6H R WLUR IRU 

GDGR SRU PHLR GD HTXDomR GD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD FDGD 4XDODSRVLomRILQDOGDILJXUD"



SRQWR GLIHUHQWH GD RULJHP TXH IRU DWLQJLGR YDOH  D 
SRQWRV6HR WLURIRUGDGR SRUPHLRGD HTXDomRGH
XPD UHWD FDGD SRQWR GLIHUHQWH GD RULJHP TXH IRU
DWLQJLGR YDOH  SRQWR (P XPD VLWXDomR GH MRJR
DLQGD UHVWDP RV VHJXLQWHV SRQWRV SDUD VHUHP 
HOLPLQDGRV$  %  &  '  H (     

E 



F 



G 



 H 

3DVVDQGRSHORSRQWR$TXDODHTXDomRIRUQHFHULD
DPDLRUSRQWXDomR"
 
D  [  
E  \   (QHP   2 UHPR GH DVVHQWR GHVOL]DQWH p
F [  \   XPHVSRUWHTXHID]XVRGHXPEDUFRHGRLVUHPRV
GRPHVPRWDPDQKR
 
G [  \   $ILJXUDPRVWUDXPDGDVSRVLo}HVGHXPDWpFQLFD
FKDPDGDDIDVWDPHQWR
H  [     \     


 (QHP 33/   ,VRPHWULD p XPD
WUDQVIRUPDomR JHRPpWULFD TXH DSOLFDGD D XPD
ILJXUD PDQWpP DV GLVWkQFLDV HQWUH SRQWRV 'XDV
GDVWUDQVIRUPDo}HVLVRPpWULFDVVmRDUHIOH[mRHD
URWDomR $ UHIOH[mR RFRUUH SRU PHLR GH XPD UHWD
FKDPDGD HL[R (VVH HL[R IXQFLRQD FRPR XP
HVSHOKR D LPDJHP UHIOHWLGD p R UHVXOWDGR GD
WUDQVIRUPDomR $ URWDomR p R ³JLUR´ GH XPD ILJXUD
DRUHGRUGHXPSRQWRFKDPDGRFHQWURGHURWDomR
$ ILJXUD VRIUHX FLQFR WUDQVIRUPDo}HV LVRPpWULFDV
QHVVDRUGHP




1HVVD SRVLomR RV GRLV UHPRV VH HQFRQWUDP QR
SRQWR $ H VXDV RXWUDV H[WUHPLGDGHV HVWmR
LQGLFDGDV SHORV SRQWRV % H & (VVHV WUrV SRQWRV
IRUPDP XP WULkQJXOR $%&  FXMR kQJXOR %$& Ö  WHP
 PHGLGDGHž

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 163


2WLSRGHWULkQJXORFRPYpUWLFHVQRVSRQWRV$%H  (QHP   $ URVD GRV YHQWRV p XPD ILJXUD
& QR PRPHQWR HP TXH R UHPDGRU HVWi QHVVD TXHUHSUHVHQWDRLWRVHQWLGRVTXHGLYLGHPRFtUFXOR
SRVLomRp HPSDUWHVLJXDLV
 
D  UHWkQJXORHVFDOHQR
E  DFXWkQJXORHVFDOHQR
F  DFXWkQJXORLVyVFHOHV
G  REWXVkQJXORHVFDOHQR
H  REWXVkQJXORLVyVFHOHV

 (QHP 33/   $ LQFOLQDomR GH XP WHOKDGR
GHSHQGHGRWLSRHGDPDUFDGDVWHOKDVHVFROKLGDV
$ ILJXUD p R HVERoR GR WHOKDGR GD FDVD GH XP
HVSHFtILFR SURSULHWiULR $V WHOKDV VHUmR DSRLDGDV
VREUH D VXSHUItFLH TXDGUDGD SODQD $%&' VHQGR
%2& XPWULkQJXORUHWkQJXORHP 2 6DEHVHTXHK
p D DOWXUD GR WHOKDGR HP UHODomR DR IRUUR GD FDVD
DILJXUDSODQD $%2(  E pRFRPSULPHQWRGR 

VHJPHQWR 2% H G  p D ODUJXUD GR WHOKDGR 8PD FkPHUD GH YLJLOkQFLD HVWi IL[DGD QR WHWR GH
VHJPHQWR$% WRGDVDVPHGLGDVGDGDVHPPHWUR XP VKRSSLQJ H VXD OHQWH SRGH VHU GLUHFLRQDGD
 UHPRWDPHQWH DWUDYpV GH XP FRQWURODGRU SDUD
TXDOTXHUVHQWLGR$OHQWHGDFkPHUDHVWiDSRQWDGD
LQLFLDOPHQWH QR VHQWLGR 2HVWH H R VHX FRQWURODGRU
HIHWXDWUrVPXGDQoDVFRQVHFXWLYDVDVDEHU

ƒ PXGDQoD q QRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR
ƒ PXGDQoD q QRVHQWLGRKRUiULR
ƒ PXGDQoD q QRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR

$SyVDPXGDQoDHOHpRULHQWDGRDUHSRVLFLRQDU
D FkPHUD FRP D PHQRU DPSOLWXGH SRVVtYHO QR
VHQWLGR 1RURHVWH 12  GHYLGR D XP PRYLPHQWR
VXVSHLWRGHXPFOLHQWH


 4XDO PXGDQoD GH VHQWLGR R FRQWURODGRU GHYH
6DEHVHTXHHPIXQomRGRWLSRGHWHOKDHVFROKLGD HIHWXDUSDUDUHSRVLFLRQDUDFkPHUD"
SHOR SURSULHWiULR D SRUFHQWDJHP L  GH LQFOLQDomR 
LGHDO GR WHOKDGR GHVFULWD SRU PHLR GD UHODomR D  q QRVHQWLGRKRUiULR
K u  E  q QRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR
L   p GH  H TXH D H[SUHVVmR TXH F  q QRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR
E
GHWHUPLQD R Q~PHUR 1 GH WHOKDV QHFHVViULDV QD G  q QRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR
H  q QRVHQWLGRKRUiULR
FREHUWXUD p GDGD SRU 1 G u   $OpP GLVVR

HVVDVWHOKDVVmRYHQGLGDVVRPHQWHHPPLOKHLURV  (QHP   2V JXLQGDVWHV VmR IXQGDPHQWDLV
 HP FDQWHLURV GH REUDV QR PDQHMR GH PDWHULDLV
2 SURSULHWiULR DYDOLD VHU IXQGDPHQWDO UHVSHLWDU D SHVDGRV FRPR YLJDV GH DoR $ ILJXUD LOXVWUD XPD
LQFOLQDomRLGHDOLQIRUPDGDSHORIDEULFDQWHSRULVVR VHTXrQFLDGHHVWiJLRVHPTXHXPJXLQGDVWHLoDXPD
DUJXPHQWD VHU QHFHVViULR DGTXLULU D TXDQWLGDGH YLJDGHDoRTXHVHHQFRQWUDLQLFLDOPHQWHQRVROR
PtQLPDGHWHOKDVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHD 


D  XPPLOKHLUR
E  GRLVPLOKHLURV
F  WUrVPLOKHLURV
G  VHLVPLOKHLURV
H  RLWRPLOKHLURV








164 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


F 


G 


H 



1D ILJXUD R SRQWR 2  UHSUHVHQWD D SURMHomR
RUWRJRQDOGRFDERGHDoRVREUHRSODQRGRFKmRH 

HVWH VH PDQWpP QD YHUWLFDO GXUDQWH WRGR R 
PRYLPHQWR GH LoDPHQWR GD YLJD TXH VH LQLFLD QR  (QHP   $ ILJXUD PRVWUD XPD SUDoD
WHPSR W   HVWiJLR   H ILQDOL]D QR WHPSR W I  FLUFXODU TXH FRQWpP XP FKDIDUL] HP VHX FHQWUR H
HVWiJLR 8PDGDVH[WUHPLGDGHVGDYLJDpLoDGD HP VHX HQWRUQR XP SDVVHLR 2V FtUFXORV TXH
YHUWLFDOPHQWHDSDUWLUGRSRQWR 2 HQTXDQWRTXHD GHILQHPDSUDoDHRFKDIDUL]VmRFRQFrQWULFRV
RXWUDH[WUHPLGDGHGHVOL]DVREUHRVRORHPGLUHomR 
DRSRQWR 2 &RQVLGHUHTXHRFDERGHDoRXWLOL]DGR
SHOR JXLQGDVWH SDUD LoDU D YLJD ILTXH VHPSUH QD
SRVLomRYHUWLFDO1DILJXUDRSRQWR 0 UHSUHVHQWDR
SRQWRPpGLRGRVHJPHQWRTXHUHSUHVHQWDDYLJD
2JUiILFRTXHGHVFUHYHDGLVWkQFLDGRSRQWR 0 DR
SRQWR 2 HPIXQomRGRWHPSRHQWUH W  H W I  p

D 



E  

2 SDVVHLR WHUi VHX SLVR UHYHVWLGR FRP ODGULOKRV
6HPFRQGLo}HVGHFDOFXODURVUDLRVSRLVRFKDIDUL]
HVWiFKHLRXPHQJHQKHLURIH]DVHJXLQWHPHGLomR
HVWLFRXXPDWUHQDWDQJHQWHDRFKDIDUL]PHGLQGRD
GLVWkQFLD HQWUH GRLV SRQWRV $  H %  FRQIRUPH D
ILJXUD&RPLVVRREWHYHDPHGLGDGRVHJPHQWRGH
 UHWD $%   P 
 



ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 165


 (QHP 33/   8PD SHVVRD SRVVXL XP
WHUUHQRHPIRUPDGHXPSHQWiJRQRFRPRLOXVWUDGR
QDILJXUD



 
'LVSRQGR DSHQDV GHVVD PHGLGD R HQJHQKHLUR 
FDOFXORX FRUUHWDPHQWH D PHGLGD GD iUHD GR 6DEHVH TXH D GLDJRQDO $' PHGH  P H p
SDVVHLRHPPHWURTXDGUDGR SDUDOHOD DR ODGR %& TXH PHGH  P $ GLVWkQFLD
$PHGLGDHQFRQWUDGDSHORHQJHQKHLURIRL GRSRQWR%D$'pGHPHDGLVWkQFLDGRSRQWR(
 D$'pGHP
D   Ɏ  $iUHDHPPHWURTXDGUDGRGHVWHWHUUHQRpLJXDOD

E   Ɏ 
D  
F   Ɏ  E  
G   Ɏ  F  
H   Ɏ  G  
 H  
 (QHP33/ 8PDHPSUHVDGHFRQVWUXomR 
FRPSURX XP WHUUHQR GH IRUPDWR UHWDQJXODU SRU  (QHP 33/   8P EULQTXHGR FKDPDGR
5  2 WHUUHQR WHP  P  GH SXODSXOD TXDQGR YLVWR GH FLPD FRQVLVWH GH XPD
FRPSULPHQWRHPGHODUJXUD2HQJHQKHLURGD FDPD HOiVWLFD FRP FRQWRUQR HP IRUPDWR GH XP
HPSUHVD HODERURX WUrV SURMHWRV GLIHUHQWHV SDUD KH[iJRQRUHJXODU
VHUHP DYDOLDGRV SHOD GLUHomR GD FRQVWUXWRUD GD 
VHJXLQWHPDQHLUD

3URMHWR  GLYLGLU R WHUUHQR HP ORWHV LJXDLV GH
 P u  P  VHP UXDV HQWUH RV ORWHV H YHQGHU
FDGDORWHSRU 5  
3URMHWR  GLYLGLU R WHUUHQR HP ORWHV LJXDLV GH
 P u  P GHL[DQGRHQWUHORWHVUXDVGH  P GH
ODUJXUD H  P  GH FRPSULPHQWR H YHQGHU FDGD
ORWHSRU  
3URMHWR  GLYLGLU R WHUUHQR HP ORWHV LJXDLV GH 
 P u  P GHL[DQGRHQWUHORWHVUXDVGH  P GH 
ODUJXUD H  P  GH FRPSULPHQWR H YHQGHU FDGD 6H D iUHD GR FtUFXOR LQVFULWR QR KH[iJRQR p  Ɏ 
ORWHSRU   PHWURVTXDGUDGRVHQWmRDiUHDGRKH[iJRQRHP
PHWURTXDGUDGRp


$ GLUHomR GD HPSUHVD GHFLGLX GLYLGLU R WHUUHQR H
D  
XWLOL]DURSURMHWRTXHSHUPLWLUiRPDLRUOXFURVHQGR
TXHHVWHVHUiLJXDODRYDORUREWLGRSHODYHQGDGRV E    
ORWHVPHQRVRYDORUGDFRPSUDGRWHUUHQR F    
 G  
1HVVHFDVRROXFURGDFRQVWUXWRUDHPUHDOVHUiGH H    
 
D   
E   
F   
G   
H   

166 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP 33/   $V $UWHV 0DUFLDLV 0LVWDV $ SURMHomR RUWRJRQDO GHVVHV GHVORFDPHQWRV QR
WUDGXomR GR LQJOrV 00$ ± PL[HG PDUWLDO DUWV VmR SODQRTXHFRQWpPRFKmRGRTXDUWRpGDGRSRU
UHDOL]DGDVQXPRFWyJRQRUHJXODU'HDFRUGRFRPD 
ILJXUD HP FHUWR PRPHQWR RV GRLV OXWDGRUHV HVWmR D 
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHQDVSRVLo}HV * H ) HRMXL]HVWi 
E 
Ö p
QDSRVLomR , 2WULkQJXOR ,*+ pHTXLOiWHURH *,)
RkQJXORIRUPDGRSHODVVHPLUUHWDVFRPRULJHPQD
SRVLomR GR MXL] UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH SDVVDQGR SHODV
SRVLo}HVGHFDGDXPGRVOXWDGRUHV
 
F 


G 


H 



$PHGLGDGRkQJXOR *,)Ö p


D  q  
E  q   (QHP 33/   8PD SHVVRD SHGH
F  q  LQIRUPDomRQDUHFHSomRGHXPSUpGLRFRPHUFLDOGH
G  q  FRPR FKHJDU D XPD VDOD H UHFHEH DV VHJXLQWHV
H  q  LQVWUXo}HVVXEDDHVFDGDHPIRUPDGH8jIUHQWH
DR ILQDO GHOD YLUH j HVTXHUGD VLJD XP SRXFR j
 IUHQWH H HP VHJXLGD YLUH j GLUHLWD H VLJD SHOR
 (QHP 33/   8PD ODJDUWL[D HVWi QR FRUUHGRU$RILQDOGRFRUUHGRUYLUHjGLUHLWD
LQWHULRUGHXPTXDUWRHFRPHoDDVHGHVORFDU(VVH 8PD SRVVtYHO SURMHomR YHUWLFDO GHVVD WUDMHWyULD QR
TXDUWR DSUHVHQWDQGR R IRUPDWR GH XP SODQRGDEDVHGRSUpGLRp
SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWDQJXODU p UHSUHVHQWDGR SHOD 
ILJXUD D 



 E 

$ODJDUWL[DSDUWHGRSRQWR % HYDLDWpRSRQWR $ $
VHJXLU GH $  HOD VH GHVORFD SHOD SDUHGH DWp R
SRQWR 0  TXH p R SRQWR PpGLR GR VHJPHQWR () 
)LQDOPHQWH SHOR WHWR HOD YDL GR SRQWR 0  DWp R
SRQWR +  &RQVLGHUH TXH WRGRV HVVHV
GHVORFDPHQWRVIRUDPIHLWRVSHORFDPLQKRGHPHQRU
GLVWkQFLDHQWUHRVUHVSHFWLYRVSRQWRVHQYROYLGRV



ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 167


F  (VVD HPSUHVD IRL FRQWUDWDGD SDUD FXLGDU GH XPD
SLVFLQD GH EDVH UHWDQJXODU GH SURIXQGLGDGH
FRQVWDQWH LJXDO D  P FRP ODUJXUD H
FRPSULPHQWRLJXDLVDPHPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH2
QtYHO GD OkPLQD G¶iJXD GHVVD SLVFLQD p PDQWLGR D
FPGDERUGDGDSLVFLQD

$TXDQWLGDGHGHVVHSURGXWRHPPLOLOLWURTXHGHYH
VHU DGLFLRQDGD D HVVD SLVFLQD GH PRGR D DWHQGHU
jVVXDVHVSHFLILFDo}HVWpFQLFDVp

 D   
G 
E   
F   
G   
H   

 (QHP33/ 3DUDD2OLPStDGDGHD
SLVFLQD SULQFLSDO GR &HQWUR $TXiWLFR GH /RQGUHV
PHGLQGR   PHWURV GH FRPSULPHQWR IRL
UHPRGHODGDSDUDDMXGDURVDWOHWDVDPHOKRUDUVXDV
PDUFDV2EVHUYHGXDVGDVPHOKRULDV
 
H 

 

 $ FDSDFLGDGH GD SLVFLQD HP GHVWDTXH HP PHWUR
 F~ELFRpLJXDOD
 (QHP 33/   2 KiELWR FULVWDOLQR p XP 
WHUPRXWLOL]DGRSRUPLQHUDORJLVWDVSDUDGHVFUHYHUD
D   
DSDUrQFLD WtSLFD GH XP FULVWDO HP WHUPRV GH
WDPDQKR H IRUPD $ JUDQDGD p XP PLQHUDO FXMR E   
KiELWRFULVWDOLQRpXPSROLHGURFRPDUHVWDVH F   
YpUWLFHV 8P PLQHUDORJLVWD FRQVWUXLX XP PRGHOR G   
LOXVWUDWLYRGHXPFULVWDOGHJUDQDGDSHODMXQomRGRV H   
SROtJRQRVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHVjVIDFHV 
6XSRQGRTXHRSROLHGURLOXVWUDWLYRGHXPFULVWDOGH  (QHP 8PFDVDOUHDOL]DVXDPXGDQoDGH
JUDQDGD p FRQYH[R HQWmR D TXDQWLGDGH GH IDFHV GRPLFtOLR H QHFHVVLWD FRORFDU QXPD FDL[D GH
XWLOL]DGDVQDPRQWDJHPGRPRGHORLOXVWUDWLYRGHVVH SDSHOmR XP REMHWR F~ELFR GH  FP  GH DUHVWD
FULVWDOpLJXDOD TXH QmR SRGH VHU GHVPRQWDGR (OHV WrP j
 GLVSRVLomRFLQFRFDL[DVFRPGLIHUHQWHVGLPHQV}HV
D    FRQIRUPHGHVFULWR
E    

F    ƒ &DL[D  FP u  FP u  FP 


G    ƒ &DL[D  FP u  FP u  FP 
H    ƒ &DL[D  FP u  FP u  FP 

ƒ &DL[D  FP u  FP u  FP 
 (QHP   8PD HPSUHVD HVSHFLDOL]DGD HP
FRQVHUYDomR GH SLVFLQDV XWLOL]D XP SURGXWR SDUD ƒ &DL[D  FP u  FP u  FP 
WUDWDPHQWR GD iJXD FXMDV HVSHFLILFDo}HV WpFQLFDV 2 FDVDO SUHFLVD HVFROKHU XPD FDL[D QD TXDO R
VXJHUHP TXH VHMD DGLFLRQDGR  P/ GHVVH REMHWR FDLED GH PRGR TXH VREUH R PHQRU HVSDoR
SURGXWR SDUD FDGD  / GH iJXD GD SLVFLQD OLYUHHPVHXLQWHULRU

168 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


$FDL[DHVFROKLGDSHORFDVDOGHYHVHUDGHQ~PHUR $SyV FRQFOXLU R GHVHQKR HOD R HQFDPLQKD SDUD R
 VHWRU GH SURGXomR $R UHFHEHU R GHVHQKR FRP D
D   LQGLFDomR GR UDLR GD WDPSD YHULILFDUi HP TXDO
E   LQWHUYDOR HVWH VH HQFRQWUD H GHFLGLUi R WLSR GH
F   PDWHULDO D VHU XWLOL]DGR QD VXD IDEULFDomR GH
G   DFRUGRFRPRVGDGRV
H   
 7LSRGH ,QWHUYDORGHYDORUHVGHUDLR
 (QHP   8PD UHGH KRWHOHLUD GLVS}H GH PDWHULDO FP 
FDEDQDV VLPSOHV QD LOKD GH *RWODQG QD 6XpFLD ,  5 d 
FRQIRUPH )LJXUD  $ HVWUXWXUD GH VXVWHQWDomR GH
,,   5 d  
FDGD XPD GHVVDV FDEDQDV HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGD QD
)LJXUD$LGHLDpSHUPLWLUDRKyVSHGHXPDHVWDGD ,,,   5 d  
OLYUHGHWHFQRORJLDPDVFRQHFWDGDFRPDQDWXUH]D ,9   5 d  
 9   5 d  

&RQVLGHUHFRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD  
2 WLSR GH PDWHULDO D VHU XWLOL]DGR SHOR VHWRU GH
SURGXomRVHUi

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
 G  ,9
H  9


$ IRUPD JHRPpWULFD GD VXSHUItFLH FXMDV DUHVWDV


HVWmRUHSUHVHQWDGDVQD)LJXUDp 
  (QHP  3DUDGHFRUDUXPDPHVDGHIHVWD
D  WHWUDHGUR LQIDQWLO XP FKHIH GH FR]LQKD XVDUi XP PHOmR
E  SLUkPLGHUHWDQJXODU HVIpULFR FRP GLkPHWUR PHGLQGR  FP R TXDO
F  WURQFRGHSLUkPLGHUHWDQJXODU VHUYLUiGHVXSRUWHSDUDHVSHWDUGLYHUVRVGRFHV(OH
G  SULVPDTXDGUDQJXODUUHWR LUi UHWLUDU XPD FDORWD HVIpULFD GR PHOmR FRQIRUPH
H  SULVPDWULDQJXODUUHWR LOXVWUDDILJXUDHSDUDJDUDQWLUDHVWDELOLGDGHGHVWH
 VXSRUWH GLILFXOWDQGR TXH R PHOmR UROH VREUH D
 (QHP 8PDGHVHQKLVWDSURMHWLVWDGHYHUi PHVDRFKHIHIDUiRFRUWHGHPRGRTXHRUDLRUGD
GHVHQKDUXPDWDPSDGHSDQHODHPIRUPDFLUFXODU VHomR FLUFXODU GH FRUWH VHMD GH SHOR PHQRV  FP 
3DUD UHDOL]DU HVVH GHVHQKR HOD GLVS}H QR 3RU RXWUR ODGR R FKHIH GHVHMDUi GLVSRU GD PDLRU
PRPHQWR GH DSHQDV XP FRPSDVVR FXMR iUHDSRVVtYHOGDUHJLmRHPTXHVHUmRDIL[DGRVRV
FRPSULPHQWR GDV KDVWHV p GH  FP XP GRFHV
WUDQVIHULGRU H XPD IROKD GH SDSHO FRP XP SODQR 
FDUWHVLDQR3DUDHVERoDURGHVHQKRGHVVDWDPSD
HODDIDVWRXDVKDVWHVGRFRPSDVVRGHIRUPDTXHR
kQJXOR IRUPDGR SRU HODV IRVVH GH ž $ SRQWD
VHFD HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGD SHOR SRQWR & D SRQWD GR
JUDILWHHVWiUHSUHVHQWDGDSHORSRQWR % HDFDEHoD
GR FRPSDVVR HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGD SHOR SRQWR $
FRQIRUPHDILJXUD




3DUDDWLQJLUWRGRVRVVHXVREMHWLYRVRFKHIHGHYHUi
FRUWDU D FDORWD GR PHOmR QXPD DOWXUD K  HP
FHQWtPHWURLJXDOD


D   

E     
F   
G   
 H   

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 169


 (QHP  $LPDJHPDSUHVHQWDGDQDILJXUD VHU FRQVWUXtGR D FRRSHUDWLYD XWLOL]D LQWHJUDOPHQWH
p XPD FySLD HP SUHWR H EUDQFR GD WHOD TXDGUDGD   PHWURV OLQHDUHV GHVVD WHOD TXH p XVDGD
LQWLWXODGD 2 SHL[H GH 0DUFRV 3LQWR TXH IRL DSHQDVQDVODWHUDLV
FRORFDGD HP XPD SDUHGH SDUD H[SRVLomR H IL[DGD 
QRVSRQWRV $ H % 
3RU XP SUREOHPD QD IL[DomR GH XP GRV SRQWRV D
WHODVHGHVSUHQGHXJLUDQGRUHQWHjSDUHGH$SyVR
JLURHODILFRXSRVLFLRQDGDFRPRLOXVWUDGRQDILJXUD
IRUPDQGR XP kQJXOR GH q  FRP D OLQKD GR
KRUL]RQWH



4XDLV GHYHP VHU RV YDORUHV GH ;  H GH <  HP
PHWUR SDUD TXH D iUHD GD EDVH GR YLYHLUR VHMD
Pi[LPD"

D  H
E  H
 F  H
 G  H
H  H

 (QHP 8PJDUoRPSUHFLVDHVFROKHUXPD
EDQGHMDGHEDVHUHWDQJXODUSDUDVHUYLUTXDWURWDoDV
GHHVSXPDQWHTXHSUHFLVDPVHUGLVSRVWDVHPXPD
~QLFD ILOHLUD SDUDOHOD DR ODGR PDLRU GD EDQGHMD H
FRPVXDVEDVHVWRWDOPHQWHDSRLDGDVQDEDQGHMD$
EDVHHDERUGDVXSHULRUGDVWDoDVVmRFtUFXORVGH
UDLRFPHFPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH




$ EDQGHMD D VHU HVFROKLGD GHYHUi WHU XPD iUHD
PtQLPDHPFHQWtPHWURTXDGUDGRLJXDOD

D  
 E  
 F  
3DUDUHFRORFDUDWHODQDVXDSRVLomRRULJLQDOGHYH G  
VH JLUiOD UHQWH j SDUHGH QR PHQRU kQJXOR H  
SRVVtYHOLQIHULRUDž 
  (QHP 33/   8P IDEULFDQWH UHFRPHQGD
$ IRUPD GH UHFRORFDU D WHOD QD SRVLomR RULJLQDO TXH SDUD FDGD P GR DPELHQWH D VHU FOLPDWL]DGR
REHGHFHQGR DR TXH IRL HVWDEHOHFLGR p JLUDQGRD VmR QHFHVViULRV  %78K GHVGH TXH KDMD DWp
HPXPkQJXORGH GXDVSHVVRDVQRDPELHQWH$HVVHQ~PHURGHYHP
 VHU DFUHVFHQWDGRV  %78K SDUD FDGD SHVVRD D
D  žQRVHQWLGRKRUiULR PDLV H WDPEpP SDUD FDVD DSDUHOKR HOHWU{QLFR
E  žQRVHQWLGRKRUiULR HPLVVRUGHFDORUQRDPELHQWH$VHJXLUHQFRQWUDP
F  žQRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR VH DV FLQFR RSo}HV GH DSDUHOKRV GHVVH IDEULFDQWH
G  žQRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR HVXDVUHVSHFWLYDVFDSDFLGDGHVWpUPLFDV
H  žQRVHQWLGRKRUiULR 
 7LSR,%78K
 (QHP   9LYHLURV GH ODJRVWDV VmR 7LSR,,%78K
FRQVWUXtGRVSRUFRRSHUDWLYDVORFDLVGHSHVFDGRUHV 7LSR,,,%78K
HPIRUPDWRGHSULVPDVUHWRUHWDQJXODUHVIL[DGRVDR 7LSR,9%78K
VRORHFRPWHODVIOH[tYHLVGHPHVPDDOWXUDFDSD]HV 7LSR9%78K
GHVXSRUWDUDFRUURVmRPDULQKD3DUDFDGDYLYHLURD

170 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


2VXSHUYLVRUGHXPODERUDWyULRSUHFLVDFRPSUDUXP 6DEHVHTXHQDORFDOLGDGHRQGHVHHQFRQWUDHVVH
DSDUHOKR SDUD FOLPDWL]DU R DPELHQWH 1HOH ILFDUmR LPyYHOR,PSRVWR3UHGLDO7HUULWRULDO8UEDQR ,378 
GXDVSHVVRDVPDLVXPDFHQWUtIXJDTXHHPLWHFDORU p FDOFXODGR FRQIRUPH D iUHD FRQVWUXtGD GD
2ODERUDWyULRWHPIRUPDGHWUDSp]LRUHWkQJXORFRP UHVLGrQFLD 1HVVH FiOFXOR VmR FREUDGRV 5 
DVPHGLGDVDSUHVHQWDGDVQDILJXUD SRUFDGDPHWURTXDGUDGRGHiUHDFRQVWUXtGD
 2YDORUGR,378GHVVHLPyYHOHPUHDOp

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 (QHP   3LY{ FHQWUDO p XP VLVWHPD GH
LUULJDomR PXLWR XVDGR QD DJULFXOWXUD HP TXH XPD
iUHD FLUFXODU p SURMHWDGD SDUD UHFHEHU XPD
HVWUXWXUDVXVSHQVD1RFHQWURGHVVDiUHDKiXPD
WXEXODomR YHUWLFDO TXH WUDQVPLWH iJXD DWUDYpV GH
XP FDQR KRUL]RQWDO ORQJR DSRLDGR HP WRUUHV GH
VXVWHQWDomRDVTXDLVJLUDPVREUHURGDVHPWRUQR
GR FHQWUR GR SLY{ WDPEpP FKDPDGR GH EDVH

 FRQIRUPHPRVWUDPDVILJXUDV&DGDWRUUHPRYHVH
3DUD HFRQRPL]DU HQHUJLD R VXSHUYLVRU GHYHUi FRPYHORFLGDGHFRQVWDQWH
HVFROKHU R DSDUHOKR GH PHQRU FDSDFLGDGH WpUPLFD 
TXH DWHQGD jV QHFHVVLGDGHV GR ODERUDWyULR H jV
UHFRPHQGDo}HVGRIDEULFDQWH
$ HVFROKD GR VXSHUYLVRU UHFDLUi VREUH R DSDUHOKR
GRWLSR

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9
H  9

 (QHP 33/   $ ILJXUD WUD] R HVERoR GD
SODQWDEDL[DGHXPDUHVLGrQFLD$OJXPDVPHGLGDV
LQWHUQDV GRV F{PRGRV HVWmR LQGLFDGDV $
HVSHVVXUDGHFDGDSDUHGHH[WHUQDGDFDVDp
PHGDVSDUHGHVLQWHUQDVP




8P SLY{ GH WUrV WRUUHV 7 7 H 7  VHUi LQVWDODGR
HP XPD ID]HQGD VHQGR TXH DV GLVWkQFLDV HQWUH
WRUUHV FRQVHFXWLYDV EHP FRPR GD EDVH j WRUUH 7
VmRLJXDLVDP2ID]HQGHLURSUHWHQGHDMXVWDUDV
YHORFLGDGHV GDV WRUUHV GH WDO IRUPD TXH R SLY{
HIHWXH XPD YROWD FRPSOHWD HP  KRUDV 8VH 
 FRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD Ɏ 


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 171


3DUDDWLQJLUVHXREMHWLYRDVYHORFLGDGHVGDVWRUUHV 4XDO GHYHULD VHU D DOWXUD PtQLPD GR YLDGXWR HP
77H7GHYHPVHUHPPHWURSRUKRUDGH PHWUR SDUD TXH HVVH FDPLQKmR SXGHVVH SDVVDU
 FRPVHJXUDQoDVREVHXYmR"
D  H 
E  H D  
F  H E  
G  H F  
H  H G  
 H  
 (QHP   $ PDQFKHWH GHPRQVWUD TXH R 
WUDQVSRUWHGHJUDQGHVFDUJDVUHSUHVHQWDFDGDYH]
PDLVSUHRFXSDomRTXDQGRIHLWRHPYLDVXUEDQDV
GABARITO
 
&DPLQKmRHQWDODHPYLDGXWRQR&HQWUR ( ( % & %

$ % ' $ '
8PFDPLQKmRGHJUDQGHSRUWHHQWDORXHPEDL[RGR
YLDGXWR QR FUX]DPHQWR GDV DYHQLGDV %RUJHV GH & ( $ ( '
0HGHLURV H /RXUHLUR GD 6LOYD QR VHQWLGR &HQWUR ' ' % ( %
%DLUURSUy[LPRj3RQWHGH3HGUDQDFDSLWDO(VVH $ ( & $ %
YHtFXOR YLQKD GH 6mR 3DXOR SDUD 3RUWR $OHJUH H ' % % % (
WUDQVSRUWDYDWUrVJUDQGHVWXERVFRQIRUPHLOXVWUDGR
QDIRWR & ( % ( $
 ' % & % (
% % % % $
& ( ' & %
' & & ( $
'    





&RQVLGHUH TXH R UDLR H[WHUQR GH FDGD FDQR GD
LPDJHPVHMD  HTXHHOHVHVWHMDPHP FLPD GH
XPDFDUURFHULDFXMDSDUWHVXSHULRUHVWiDPGR
VROR 2 GHVHQKR UHSUHVHQWD D YLVWD WUDVHLUD GR
HPSLOKDPHQWRGRVFDQRV




$PDUJHPGHVHJXUDQoDUHFRPHQGDGDSDUDTXHXP
YHtFXORSDVVHVREXPYLDGXWRpTXHDDOWXUDWRWDOGR
YHtFXORFRPDFDUJDVHMDQRPtQLPRPPHQRU
GRTXHDDOWXUDGRYmRGRYLDGXWR

172 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UERJ (QUALIFICAÇÃO)

MATEMÁTICA
GEOMETRIA PLANA, ANALÍTICA E ESPACIAL


 8HUM   $ LPDJHP D VHJXLU UHSUHVHQWD XP  8HUM   $ ILJXUD D VHJXLU UHSUHVHQWD D
FXER FRP DUHVWD GH  FP  1HOH GHVWDFDVH R WUDMHWyULD FXUYD GR SRQWR 3  VREUH D VXSHUItFLH
WULkQJXOR $)&  ODWHUDO GH XP FRQH FLUFXODU UHWR FXMR UDLR GD EDVH
 PHGH  FP HDJHUDWUL]  FP 2SRQWR 3 LQLFLD
VXD WUDMHWyULD QR SRQWR $  TXH SHUWHQFH j
FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GD EDVH H Gi XPD YROWD FRPSOHWD
HPWRUQRGRFRQHDWpUHWRUQDUDRSRQWR $ 


 
 
$SURMHomRRUWRJRQDOGRWULkQJXOR $)& QRSODQRGD &RPDSODQLILFDomRGDVXSHUItFLHODWHUDOGRFRQHp
EDVH %&'( GRFXERpXPWULkQJXORGHiUHD \  SRVVtYHOFDOFXODURPHQRUFRPSULPHQWRGDWUDMHWyULD
 SHUFRUULGDSRU3TXHFRUUHVSRQGHHPFHQWtPHWURV
D
2YDORUGH \ HP FP  pLJXDOD 
 D   
D    E   
 F   Ɏ 
E 
 G   Ɏ 
F    
  8HUM   7UrV SHQWiJRQRV UHJXODUHV
G  FRQJUXHQWHV H TXDWUR TXDGUDGRV VmR XQLGRV SHORV

 ODGRVFRQIRUPHLOXVWUDDILJXUDDVHJXLU
 8HUM   (P XPD IiEULFD XPD FDL[D FRP D 
IRUPDGHXPSDUDOHOHStSHGRUHWkQJXORFRPFP
GHFRPSULPHQWRFPGHODUJXUDHFPGHDOWXUD
p SUHHQFKLGD FRP SHTXHQRV FXERV GH  FP
,QLFLDOPHQWHDSHQDVXPFXERpFRORFDGRQDFDL[D
(P VHJXLGD D FDGD PLQXWR GXSOLFDVH R Q~PHUR
GHFXERVGHQWURGHOD&RQVLGHUHDWDEHOD

[    
[ 
    

2YDORUGRWHPSRWHPPLQXWRVQHFHVViULRSDUDD
FDL[DVHUWRWDOPHQWHSUHHQFKLGDpLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  
 
 


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 173


$FUHVFHQWDPVH RXWURV SHQWiJRQRV H TXDGUDGRV 2YROXPHGDUHJLmRFRPSUHHQGLGDHQWUHRVSODQRV
DOWHUQDGDPHQWH DGMDFHQWHV DWp VH FRPSOHWDU R SDUDOHORVHP FP  p
SROtJRQR UHJXODU $%&'()*+$ TXH SRVVXL GRLV

HL[RVGHVLPHWULDLQGLFDGRVSHODVUHWDV U H V 
D   

6HDVUHWDVSHUSHQGLFXODUHV U H V VmRPHGLDWUL]HV E   
F   
GRV ODGRV $%  H )*  R Q~PHUR GH ODGRV GR
G   
3ROtJRQR$%&'()*+$pLJXDOD


 8HUM   $ ILJXUD LOXVWUD WUrV FLUFXQIHUrQFLDV
D  
GH UDLRV    H   WDQJHQWHV GXDV D GXDV QRV
E  
F   SRQWRV 0 1 H 3 
G   

 8HUM   8P YDORU DSUR[LPDGR GD iUHD GR
FtUFXOR SRGH VHU REWLGR HOHYDQGRVH DR TXDGUDGR

 GR VHX GLkPHWUR )D]HU HVVH FiOFXOR

FRUUHVSRQGH D VXEVWLWXLU QD IyUPXOD GD iUHD GR
FtUFXORRYDORUGH Ɏ SRUXPQ~PHURUDFLRQDO

(VVHQ~PHURpLJXDOD
 
 
D  2FRPSULPHQWRGRVHJPHQWRGHUHWD01pLJXDOj

UDL]TXDGUDGDGH

E  
 D  
 E  
F 
 F  
 G  
G  

 8HUM   2V WULkQJXORV $%&  $ %&  

 8HUM   2EVHUYH QD LPDJHP XPD SLUkPLGH $ %&   LOXVWUDGRV DEDL[R SRVVXHP SHUtPHWURV
GH EDVH TXDGUDGD VHFFLRQDGD SRU GRLV SODQRV S S  S   UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH 2V YpUWLFHV GHVVHV
SDUDOHORVjEDVHXPFRQWHQGRRSRQWR$HRRXWUR WULkQJXORV D SDUWLU GR VHJXQGR VmR RV SRQWRV
R SRQWR % (VVHV SODQRV GLYLGHP FDGD DUHVWD PpGLRVGRVODGRVGRWULkQJXORDQWHULRU
ODWHUDOHPWUrVSDUWHVLJXDLV 

&RQVLGHUHDVVHJXLQWHVPHGLGDVGDSLUkPLGH
ƒ DOWXUD  FP 
ƒ DUHVWDGDEDVH  FP 
ƒ YROXPHWRWDO  FP  




$GPLWDTXH $% %&  H $ &  

$VVLP S S  S GHILQHDVHJXLQWHSURJUHVVmR

D DULWPpWLFDGHUD]mR 
E DULWPpWLFDGHUD]mR 
F JHRPpWULFDGHUD]mR 
G JHRPpWULFDGHUD]mR 
 

174 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


 8HUM   1R SODQR FDUWHVLDQR HVWi 
UHSUHVHQWDGDDFLUFXQIHUrQFLDGHFHQWUR3HUDLR D 



E 


F 


G 


7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2

)tVLFDSDUDSRHWDV

2 HQVLQR GD ItVLFD VHPSUH IRL XP JUDQGH GHVDILR
1RV~OWLPRVDQRVPXLWRVHVIRUoRVIRUDPIHLWRVFRP
 R REMHWLYR GH HQVLQiOD GHVGH DV VpULHV LQLFLDLV GR
 HQVLQR IXQGDPHQWDO QR FRQWH[WR GR HQVLQR GH
2SRQWR 4 GDFLUFXQIHUrQFLDTXHpRPDLVGLVWDQWH FLrQFLDV 3RUpP FRPR GLVFLSOLQD UHJXODU D ItVLFD
GDRULJHPWHPFRRUGHQDGDVLJXDLVD DSDUHFH QR HQVLQR PpGLR TXDQGR VH WRUQD ³XP
 WHUURU´SDUDPXLWRVHVWXGDQWHV
§   · 
D  ¨  ¸  
9iULDV SHVTXLVDV YrP WHQWDQGR LGHQWLILFDU TXDLV
©  ¹ VmRDVSULQFLSDLVGLILFXOGDGHVGRHQVLQRGHItVLFDH
§   · GDVFLrQFLDVHPJHUDO(PSDUWLFXODUDTXHL[DTXH
E ¨  ¸ 
©  ¹ VHPSUH VH GHWHFWD p TXH RV HVWXGDQWHV QmR
FRQVHJXHP FRPSUHHQGHU D OLQJXDJHP PDWHPiWLFD
§   ·
F ¨  ¸  QD TXDO PXLWDV YH]HV RV FRQFHLWRV ItVLFRV VmR
©   ¹ H[SUHVVRV 2XWUR SRQWR LPSRUWDQWH p TXH DV
§   · TXHVW}HV TXH HQYROYHP D ItVLFD VmR DSUHVHQWDGDV
G ¨  ¸ 
©   ¹ IRUD GH XPD FRQWH[WXDOL]DomR GR FRWLGLDQR GDV
 SHVVRDV R TXH GLILFXOWD VHX DSUHQGL]DGR 3RU ILP
 8HUM   2 7DQJUDP p XP TXHEUDFDEHoD H[LVWH XPD HQRUPH FDUrQFLD GH SURIHVVRUHV
FKLQrV TXH FRQWpP VHWH SHoDV XP TXDGUDGR XP IRUPDGRV HP ItVLFD SDUD PLQLVWUDU DV DXODV GD
SDUDOHORJUDPR H FLQFR WULkQJXORV UHWkQJXORV GLVFLSOLQD
LVyVFHOHV1DILJXUDRTXDGUDGR $%&' pIRUPDGR 
$V SHVVRDVTXHYmR SDUD R HQVLQR VXSHULRU H TXH
FRPDVSHoDVGHXP7DQJUDP
QmR VmR GD iUHD GH FLrQFLDV H[DWDV SUDWLFDPHQWH

QXQFD PDLV WrP FRQWDWR FRP D ItVLFD GD PHVPD
PDQHLUDTXHRVHVWXGDQWHVGHItVLFDHQJHQKDULDH
TXtPLFD SRXFDV YH]HV YROWDP D WHU FRQWDWR FRP D
OLWHUDWXUD D KLVWyULD H D VRFLRORJLD e WULVWH QRWDU
TXH D HVSHFLDOL]DomR QD IRUPDomR GRV LQGLYtGXRV
FRVWXPD GHL[iORV GLVWDQWHV GH SDUWHV LPSRUWDQWHV
GD QRVVD FXOWXUD GD TXDO DV FLrQFLDV ItVLFDV H DV
KXPDQLGDGHVID]HPSDUWH

0DV YDPRV SHQVDU HP VROXo}HV +i DOJXQV DQRV

RIHUHoRXPFXUVRFKDPDGR³)tVLFDSDUDSRHWDV´$
LGHLDQmRpRULJLQDO±DRFRQWUiULRpPXLWRXWLOL]DGD
HP GLYHUVRV SDtVHV H DTXL PHVPR QR %UDVLO 6HX
 REMHWLYR p DSUHVHQWDU D ItVLFD VHP R XVR GD
 OLQJXDJHP PDWHPiWLFD H WHQWDU PRVWUiOD SUy[LPD
2EVHUYHRVVHJXLQWHVFRPSRQHQWHVGDILJXUD DR FRWLGLDQR GDV SHVVRDV 3URFXUR GHVWDFDU D
 EHOH]DGHVVDFLrQFLDDVVRFLDQGRDSRUH[HPSORj
ƒ 13±ODGRGRTXDGUDGR SRHVLDHjP~VLFD
ƒ $0±ODGRGRSDUDOHORJUDPR 
ƒ &'5 H $'5 ± WULkQJXORV FRQJUXHQWHV EHP $OJXQV GRV WHPDV TXH WUDEDOKR HP ³)tVLFD SDUD
FRPR&13H567 SRHWDV´VmRLQVSLUDGRVQRVDUWLJRVTXHSXEOLFR3RU
 H[HPSOR ³$ EXVFD SHOD FRPSUHHQVmR FyVPLFD´ p
$UD]mRHQWUHDiUHDGRWUDSp]LR$013HDiUHDGR XPD GDV DXODV QD TXDO DSUHVHQWR D HYROXomR GRV
TXDGUDGR$%&'HTXLYDOHD PRGHORVTXHWHPRVGRXQLYHUVR&RPHoDQGRSHODV

ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 175


YLV}HV PtVWLFDV H PLWROyJLFDV H FKHJDQGR DWp DV $PHGLGDGRkQJXOR Ʌ HQWUH Q H Q p
PRGHUQDVWHRULDVFRVPROyJLFDVIDORVREUHDEXVFD 
SRU UHVSRQGHU D TXHVW}HV VREUH D RULJHP GR D  ž
XQLYHUVR H FRQVHTXHQWHPHQWH D QRVVD RULJHP E  ž
SDUDFRPSUHHQGHUPRVRQRVVROXJDUQRPXQGRHQD F  ž
KLVWyULD G  ž
 
1D DXOD ³0HPyULDV GH XP FDUERQR´ IDoR XPD  8HUM   $ LPDJHP D VHJXLU LOXVWUD XP
QDUUDWLYD GH XP iWRPR GH FDUERQR FRQWDQGR VXD SULVPDWULDQJXODUUHJXODU6XDDUHVWDGDEDVHPHGH
KLVWyULDHPSULPHLUDSHVVRDGHVGHVHXQDVFLPHQWR E HVXDDUHVWDODWHUDOPHGH K 
HP XPD GLVWDQWH HVWUHOD TXH PRUUHX Ki ELOK}HV GH 
DQRVDWpRPRPHQWRHPTXHVDLSHORQDUL]GHXPD
SHVVRD UHVSLUDQGR 7HPDV FRPR DVWURQRPLD
ELRORJLDHYROXomRHTXtPLFDVXUJHPDRORQJRGHVVD
DXOD EHP FRPR DV P~VLFDV ³ÈWLPR GH Sy´ H
³(VWUHOD´GH*LOEHUWR*LODOpPGDSRHVLD³3VLFRORJLD
GHXPYHQFLGR´GH$XJXVWRGRV$QMRV
 
(P ³2 WHPSR HP QRVVDV YLGDV´ DSUHVHQWR HVVH 
IDVFLQDQWHFRQFHLWRTXHQDYHUGDGHYDLPXLWRDOpP (VVH SULVPD p VHFFLRQDGR SRU XP SODQR %&3 GH
GDItVLFDHVWiSUHVHQWHHPiUHDVFRPRDILORVRILDD PRGR TXH R YROXPH GD SLUkPLGH $%&3 VHMD
ELRORJLD H D SVLFRORJLD $OJXPDV P~VLFDV GH &KLFR H[DWDPHQWHGRYROXPHWRWDOGRSULVPD
%XDUTXH H &DHWDQR 9HORVR DOpP GH SRHVLDV GH 
9LQLFLXVGH0RUDHVH&DUORV'UXPPRQGGH$QGUDGH /RJRDPHGLGDGH $3 pLJXDOD
DMXGDUDP QHVVD DERUGDJHP 1mR IDOWRX WDPEpP 
³7HPSR5HL´GH*LO
K
 D 
$ DUWH p XPD IRUPD LPSRUWDQWH GR FRQKHFLPHQWR 
KXPDQR6HP~VLFDVHSRHVLDVLQVSLUDPDVPHQWHV K
E 
HRVFRUDo}HVSRGHPRVPRVWUDUTXHDFLrQFLDHP 
SDUWLFXODUDItVLFDWDPEpPpDOJRLQVSLUDGRUHEHOR K
FDSD]GHFULDUFHUWDSRHVLDHHQFDQWDUQmRVRPHQWH F 

DRVItVLFRVPDVDWRGRVRVSRHWDVGDQDWXUH]D
 K
G 
$',/621'(2/,9(,5$ 
$GDSWDGRGHFLHQFLDKRMHRUJEU 
  8HUM $GPLWLQGRXPUHWkQJXORFXMRVODGRV
 8HUM )tVLFD PHGHP D H E VHQGR D  E pSRVVtYHOIRUPDUXPD

VHTXrQFLD LOLPLWDGD GH UHWkQJXORV GD VHJXLQWH
&ROKRHVWDOX]VRODUjPLQKDYROWD
IRUPD D SDUWLU GR SULPHLUR FDGD QRYR UHWkQJXOR p
1RPHXSULVPDDGLVSHUVRHUHFRPSRQKR
FRQVWUXtGR DFUHVFHQWDQGRVH XP TXDGUDGR FXMR
5XPRUGHVHWHFRUHVVLOrQFLREUDQFR
ODGR p LJXDO DR PDLRU ODGR GR UHWkQJXOR DQWHULRU

-26e6$5$0$*2
FRQIRUPHLOXVWUDGRDVHJXLU
 

1D LPDJHP D VHJXLU R WULkQJXOR $%&  UHSUHVHQWD
XPD VHomR SODQD SDUDOHOD j EDVH GH XP SULVPD
UHWR $V UHWDV Q  H Q  VmR SHUSHQGLFXODUHV DRV
ODGRV$&H$%UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHH %Æ& q 





176 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


 8HUM &RQVLGHUHQDLPDJHPDEDL[R

ƒ RV TXDGUDGRV $&)* H $%+, FXMDV iUHDV
PHGHPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH6H6
ƒ RWULkQJXORUHWkQJXOR$%&
ƒ RWUDSp]LRUHWkQJXOR%&'(FRQVWUXtGRVREUHD
KLSRWHQXVD%&TXHFRQWpPRSRQWR;




$ ILJXUD ,9 GHVWDFD D OLQKD SROLJRQDO 333333
IRUPDGD SHORV ODGRV GRV UHWkQJXORV TXH VmR RV
HOHPHQWRVGDVHTXrQFLD DEDEDEDE 

0DQWHQGR R PHVPR SDGUmR GH FRQVWUXomR R
FRPSULPHQWR GD OLQKD SROLJRQDO SROLJRQDO 

3333333GH3DWpRYpUWLFH3pLJXDOD 6DEHQGR TXH &' &;  H %( %;  D iUHD GR

WUDSp]LR %&'( pLJXDOD
D  D  E  
E  D  E  6  6
F  D  E  D 

G  D  E  6  6
 E 

 8HUM   6HJXQGR KLVWRULDGRUHV GD
PDWHPiWLFD D DQiOLVH GH SDGU}HV FRPR RV F 66 
LOXVWUDGRV D VHJXLU SRVVLELOLWRX D GHVFREHUWD GDV  
WULSODVSLWDJyULFDV G 6  6 
 
 8HUM   1R WULkQJXOR HTXLOiWHUR $%&  + 
FRUUHVSRQGH DR SRQWR PpGLR GR ODGR $&  'HVVH
PRGR D iUHD GR WULkQJXOR $%+  p LJXDO j PHWDGH
GDiUHDGH $%& 

 



2EVHUYH TXH RV Q~PHURV LQWHLURV     H   
UHSUHVHQWDGRV UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH SHODV   H 
ILJXUDV VDWLVID]HP DR 7HRUHPD GH 3LWiJRUDV 

'HVVDIRUPD  pXPDWULSODSLWDJyULFD 6HQGR : R SHUtPHWUR GR WULkQJXOR $%+ H < R
 SHUtPHWUR GR WULkQJXOR $%& XPD UHODomR FRUUHWD
2V TXDGUDGRV UHSUHVHQWDGRV SHODV   H Q  HQWUH:H<p
ILJXUDV GHWHUPLQDP RXWUD WULSOD SLWDJyULFD VHQGR R 
YDORUGH Q LJXDOD <
 D :  

D   <
E   E : 
F   
G   <
F  :  < 
 
 G : <
 

ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 177


7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2 YLGD DV SURWHtQDV H RV iFLGRV QXFOHLFRV 51$ H
 '1$  3RU WUiV GD ULTXH]D TXH YHPRV QDV IRUPDV
2SRGHUFULDWLYRGDLPSHUIHLomR PDWHULDLV HQFRQWUDPRV D IRUoD FULDWLYD GDV
 LPSHUIHLo}HV
-i HVFUHYL VREUH FRPR QRVVDV WHRULDV FLHQWtILFDV 
VREUH R PXQGR VmR DSUR[LPDo}HV GH XPD 0$5&(/2*/(,6(5
UHDOLGDGH TXH SRGHPRV FRPSUHHQGHU DSHQDV HP $GDSWDGRGH)ROKDGH6mR3DXOR
SDUWH1RVVRVLQVWUXPHQWRVGHSHVTXLVDTXHWDQWR 
DPSOLDP QRVVD YLVmR GH PXQGR WrP  8HUM   &RQVLGHUDQGR R FRQFHLWR GH
QHFHVVDULDPHQWH OLPLWHV GH SUHFLVmR 1mR Ki VLPHWULDREVHUYHRGHVHQKRDEDL[R
G~YLGD GH TXH *DOLOHX FRP VHX WHOHVFySLR YLX 
PDLVORQJHGRTXHWRGRVDQWHVGHOH7DPEpPQmR
KiG~YLGDGHTXHKRMHYHPRVPXLWRPDLVORQJHGR
TXH *DOLOHX SRGHULD WHU VRQKDGR HP  (
FHUWDPHQWH HP FHP DQRV QRVVD YLVmR FyVPLFD
WHUiVLGRDPSOLDGDGHIRUPDLPSUHYLVtYHO
1R DYDQoR GR FRQKHFLPHQWR FLHQWtILFR YHPRV XP 
FRQFHLWR TXH WHP XP SDSHO HVVHQFLDO VLPHWULD -i 
GHVGH RV WHPSRV GH 3ODWmR Ki D QRomR GH TXH 2VSRQWRV $ H % VmRVLPpWULFRVHPUHODomRjUHWD
H[LVWH XPD OLQJXDJHP VHFUHWD GD QDWXUH]D XPD VTXDQGRVpDPHGLDWUL]GRVHJPHQWR $% 
PDWHPiWLFDSRUWUiVGDRUGHPTXHREVHUYDPRV 2EVHUYHHVWHQRYRGHVHQKR
3ODWmR±HFRPHOHPXLWRVPDWHPiWLFRVDWpKRMH± 
DFUHGLWDYD TXH RV FRQFHLWRV PDWHPiWLFRV H[LVWLDP
HP XPD HVSpFLH GH GLPHQVmR SDUDOHOD DFHVVtYHO
DSHQDVDWUDYpVGDUD]mR1HVVHFDVRRVWHRUHPDV
GD PDWHPiWLFD FRPR R IDPRVR WHRUHPD GH
3LWiJRUDV  H[LVWHP FRPR YHUGDGHV DEVROXWDV TXH
D PHQWH KXPDQD DR PHQRV DV PDLV DSWDV SRGH 
RFDVLRQDOPHQWH GHVFREULU 3DUD RV SODW{QLFRV D 
PDWHPiWLFD p XPD GHVFREHUWD H QmR XPD (P UHODomR j UHWD V  D LPDJHP VLPpWULFD GD OHWUD
LQYHQomRKXPDQD 5 DSUHVHQWDGDQRGHVHQKRp
$RPHQRVQRTXHGL]UHVSHLWRjVIRUoDVTXHDJHP 
QDV SDUWtFXODV IXQGDPHQWDLV GD PDWpULD D EXVFD D 
SRU XPD WHRULD ILQDO GD QDWXUH]D p D HQFDUQDomR
PRGHUQDGRVRQKRSODW{QLFRGHXPFyGLJRVHFUHWR
GD QDWXUH]D $V WHRULDV GH XQLILFDomR FRPR VmR 
FKDPDGDVYLVDPMXVWDPHQWHDLVVRIRUPXODUWRGDV E 
DVIRUoDVFRPRPDQLIHVWDo}HVGHXPD~QLFDFRP
VXDVLPHWULDDEUDQJHQGRDVGHPDLV
&XOWXUDOPHQWH p GLItFLO QmR WUDoDU XPD OLQKD HQWUH
DVIpVPRQRWHtVWDVHDEXVFDSRUXPDXQLGDGHGD 
F 
QDWXUH]D QDV FLrQFLDV (VVH VRQKR SRUpP p
LPSRVVtYHOGHVHUUHDOL]DGR
3ULPHLUR SRUTXH QRVVDV WHRULDV VmR VHPSUH
WHPSRUiULDV SDVVtYHLV GH DMXVWHV H UHYLV}HV 
IXWXUDV1mRH[LVWHXPDWHRULDTXHSRVVDPRVGL]HU G 
ILQDO SRLV QRVVDV H[SOLFDo}HV PXGDP GH DFRUGR
FRP R FRQKHFLPHQWR DFXPXODGR TXH WHPRV GDV
FRLVDV8PVpFXORDWUiVXPHOpWURQHUDDOJRPXLWR 
GLIHUHQWH GR TXH p KRMH (P FHP DQRV VHUi DOJR 
PXLWR GLIHUHQWH RXWUD YH] 1mR SRGHPRV VDEHU VH 
DVIRUoDVTXHFRQKHFHPRVKRMHVmRDV~QLFDVTXH  8HUM   'RLV FXERV FXMDV DUHVWDV PHGHP
H[LVWHP  FP VmR FRODGRV GH PRGR D IRUPDU R
6HJXQGRSRUTXHQRVVDVWHRULDVHDVVLPHWULDVTXH SDUDOHOHStSHGR$%&'$¶%¶&¶'(VVHSDUDOHOHStSHGR
GHWHFWDPRVQRVSDGU}HVUHJXODUHVGDQDWXUH]DVmR p VHFFLRQDGR SHORV SODQRV $'() H %&() TXH
HP JHUDO DSUR[LPDo}HV 1mR H[LVWH XPD SHUIHLomR SDVVDP SHORV SRQWRV PpGLRV ) H ( GDV DUHVWDV
QR PXQGR DSHQDV HP QRVVDV PHQWHV 'H IDWR $¶%¶H&¶'¶UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
TXDQGRDQDOLVDPRVFRPFDOPDDV³XQLILFDo}HV´GD 
ItVLFD YHPRV TXH VmR DSUR[LPDo}HV TXH $ SDUWH GHVVH SDUDOHOHStSHGR FRPSUHHQGLGD HQWUH
IXQFLRQDPDSHQDVGHQWURGHFHUWDVFRQGLo}HV HVVHV SODQRV GHILQH R VyOLGR $%&'() FRQIRUPH
2 TXH HQFRQWUDPRV VmR DVVLPHWULDV LPSHUIHLo}HV LQGLFDDILJXUDDVHJXLU
TXHVXUJHPGHVGHDVGHVFULo}HVGDVSURSULHGDGHV 
GDPDWpULDDWpDVGDVPROpFXODVTXHGHWHUPLQDPD

178 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


 8HUM   8P FLOLQGUR FLUFXODU UHWR SRVVXL
GLkPHWUR $% GH  FP H DOWXUD $$¶ GH  FP 2
SODQR D SHUSHQGLFXODU j VHomR PHULGLDQD $%%¶$¶
TXHSDVVDSHORVSRQWRV%H$¶GDVEDVHVGLYLGHR
FLOLQGURHPGXDVSDUWHVFRQIRUPHLOXVWUDDLPDJHP




 2YROXPHGDSDUWHGRFLOLQGURFRPSUHHQGLGDHQWUH
 RSODQRDHDEDVHLQIHULRUHPFPpLJXDOD
2YROXPHGRVyOLGR$%&'()HPFPpLJXDOD 
 D   Ɏ 
D   E   Ɏ 
E   F   Ɏ 
F   G   Ɏ 
G   
  8HUM   &RQVLGHUH R JUiILFR D VHJXLU HP
 8HUM   8PD SLUkPLGH FRP H[DWDPHQWH TXHDiUHD 6 pOLPLWDGDSHORVHL[RVFRRUGHQDGRV
VHLV DUHVWDV FRQJUXHQWHV p GHQRPLQDGD WHWUDHGUR SHODUHWD U TXHSDVVDSRU $   H %    HSHOD
UHJXODU $GPLWD TXH D DUHVWD GR WHWUDHGUR UHJXODU
LOXVWUDGR D VHJXLU GH YpUWLFHV $%&'  PHGH  FP  UHWD SHUSHQGLFXODU DR HL[R [  QR SRQWR 3 [R   
HTXHRSRQWRPpGLRGDDUHVWD %& p 0  VHQGR  d [R d  
 



3DUD TXH D iUHD 6 VHMD D PHWDGH GD iUHD GR
 WULkQJXORGHYpUWLFHV &     $ H % RYDORUGH[
 GHYHVHULJXDOD
Ö HTXLYDOHD
2FRVVHQRGRkQJXOR $0' 
 D     

D  E     

F     

E  G     



F   8HUM   'RLV GDGRV FRP GR]H IDFHV
 SHQWDJRQDLVFDGDXPWrPDIRUPDGHGRGHFDHGURV
 UHJXODUHV 6H RV GRGHFDHGURV HVWmR MXVWDSRVWRV
G 
 SRU XPD GH VXDV IDFHV TXH FRLQFLGHP
 SHUIHLWDPHQWH IRUPDP XP SROLHGUR F{QFDYR
 FRQIRUPHLOXVWUDDILJXUD
 


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 179


 8HUM   8P WULkQJXOR HTXLOiWHUR SRVVXL
SHUtPHWUR 3 HP PHWURV H iUHD $ HP PHWURV
TXDGUDGRV2VYDORUHVGH 3 H $ YDULDPGHDFRUGR
FRPDPHGLGDGRODGRGRWULkQJXOR

'HVFRQVLGHUDQGR DV XQLGDGHV GH PHGLGD D
H[SUHVVmR <  3 ± $ LQGLFD R YDORU GD GLIHUHQoD
HQWUHRVQ~PHURV3H$
 
 2PDLRUYDORUGH<pLJXDOD
&RQVLGHUHRQ~PHURGHYpUWLFHV9GHIDFHV)HGH 
DUHVWDV$GHVVHSROLHGURF{QFDYR D    
$VRPD9)$pLJXDOD
 E    
D  F    
E 
G    
F 
G  
  8HUM   8P IXQLO FRP D IRUPD GH FRQH
 8HUM 8PIDEULFDQWHSURGX]HPEDODJHQV FLUFXODUUHWRpXWLOL]DGRQDSDVVDJHPGHyOHRSDUD
GHYROXPHLJXDODOLWURVQRIRUPDWRGHXPSULVPD XPUHFLSLHQWHFRPDIRUPDGHFLOLQGURFLUFXODUUHWR
2 IXQLO H R UHFLSLHQWH SRVVXHP D PHVPD
UHWR FRP EDVH TXDGUDGD GH DUHVWD D  H DOWXUD K 
FDSDFLGDGH
9LVDQGRjUHGXomRGHFXVWRVDiUHDVXSHUILFLDOGD

HPEDODJHP p D PHQRU SRVVtYHO 1HVVH FDVR R
'H DFRUGR FRP R HVTXHPD RV HL[RV GRV
YDORUGH D FRUUHVSRQGHHPGHFtPHWURVjUDL]UHDO
UHFLSLHQWHV HVWmR FRQWLGRV QR VHJPHQWR 74
GDVHJXLQWHHTXDomR
SHUSHQGLFXODUDRSODQRKRUL]RQWDO Ⱦ 

 
D  
D

$VPHGLGDVGDHPEDODJHPHPGHFtPHWURVVmR

D  D  K  
E  D  K  
F  D  K  
G  D  K   
 
 8HUM   1D ILJXUD DEDL[R HVWmR $GPLWD TXH R IXQLO HVWHMD FRPSOHWDPHQWH FKHLR GR
UHSUHVHQWDGRV GRLV FtUFXORV FRQJUXHQWHV GH yOHR D VHU HVFRDGR SDUD R UHFLSLHQWH FLOtQGULFR
FHQWURV & H & SHUWHQFHQWHV DR PHVPR SODQR D YD]LR 'XUDQWH R HVFRDPHQWR TXDQGR R QtYHO GR
2VHJPHQWR && PHGHFP yOHR HVWLYHU H[DWDPHQWH QD PHWDGH GD DOWXUD GR
IXQLO + R QtYHO GR yOHR QR UHFLSLHQWH FLOtQGULFR
 FRUUHVSRQGHUiDRSRQWR.QDJHUDWUL]$%
$ SRVLomR GH . QHVVD JHUDWUL] p PHOKRU
UHSUHVHQWDGDSRU

D 


 
$iUHDGDUHJLmROLPLWDGDSHORVFtUFXORVHP FP   
SRVVXLYDORUDSUR[LPDGRGH E 

D   
E   
F   
G    
 

180 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


F  2EVHUYHRJUiILFR




G 



 
 8HUM 8PUHFLSLHQWHFRPDIRUPDGHXP 
FRQH FLUFXODU UHWR GH HL[R YHUWLFDO UHFHEH iJXD QD 2YDORUGHWHPKRUDVHTXLYDOHD
UD]mRFRQVWDQWHGHFPV$DOWXUDGRFRQHPHGH 
FPHRUDLRGHVXDEDVHPHGHFP D  
 E  
&RQIRUPH LOXVWUD D LPDJHP D DOWXUD K GR QtYHO GD F  
iJXDQRUHFLSLHQWHYDULDHPIXQomRGRWHPSRWHP G  
TXH D WRUQHLUD ILFD DEHUWD $ PHGLGD GH K 
FRUUHVSRQGHjGLVWkQFLDHQWUHRYpUWLFHGRFRQHHD  8HUM 8PDFKDSDGHDoRFRPDIRUPDGH
VXSHUItFLHOLYUHGROtTXLGR XP VHWRU FLUFXODU SRVVXL UDLR 5  H SHUtPHWUR 5 

FRQIRUPHLOXVWUDDLPDJHP




 $iUHDGRVHWRUHTXLYDOHD
 
$GPLWLQGR Ɏ #  DHTXDomRTXHUHODFLRQDDDOWXUD
D  5 
K HP FHQWtPHWURV H R WHPSR W HP VHJXQGRV p
UHSUHVHQWDGDSRU 5
E 
 
D  K  W  5

F 
E  K  W  
F  K  W  5
G 
G  K  W  
 
 8HUM   $V EDWHULDV % H % GH GRLV
DSDUHOKRV FHOXODUHV DSUHVHQWDP HP GHWHUPLQDGR
GABARITO
LQVWDQWH UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH  H  GD FDUJD 
WRWDO & $ % % '
&RQVLGHUHDVVHJXLQWHVLQIRUPDo}HV & $ & $ '

ƒ DVEDWHULDVGHVFDUUHJDPOLQHDUPHQWHDRORQJR % % % % $
GRWHPSR & & & % '
ƒ SDUDGHVFDUUHJDUSRUFRPSOHWR%OHYDWKRUDV $ ' ' & %
%OHYDGXDVKRUDVDPDLVGRTXH% $ $ ' & 
ƒ QR LQVWDQWH ] DV GXDV EDWHULDV SRVVXHP R

PHVPRSHUFHQWXDOGHFDUJDLJXDOD


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 181


ANTÍGENO FUVEST (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
MATRIZES, DETERMINANTES E SISTEMAS LINEARES


 )XYHVW   8PD DJrQFLD GH WXULVPR YHQGHX 1RWHHDGRWH
XP WRWDO GH   SDVVDJHQV SDUD RV GHVWLQRV   
/LVERD 3DULV H 5RPD 6DEHVH TXH R Q~PHUR GH FROKHU FROKHU
ELIH
SDVVDJHQV YHQGLGDV SDUD 3DULV IRL R GREUR GR GH GH
Q~PHURGHSDVVDJHQVYHQGLGDVSDUDRVRXWURVGRLV DUUR] D]HLWH
GHVWLQRV FRQMXQWDPHQWH 6DEHVH WDPEpP TXH 0DVVDGH
SDUD 5RPD IRUDP YHQGLGDV GXDV SDVVDJHQV D     
DOLPHQWR J 
PDLVTXHDPHWDGHGDVYHQGLGDVSDUD/LVERD4XDO  GHXPLGDGH
IRL R WRWDO GH SDVVDJHQV YHQGLGDV FRQMXQWDPHQWH PDFURQXWULHQWH
SDUD3DULVH5RPD"     
PLQRULWiULR
 PLFURQXWULHQWHV
D   
 GH
E         
PDFURQXWULHQWH
F    PDMRULWiULR
G   
6mRPDFURQXWULHQWHVDVSURWHtQDVRVFDUERLGUDWRVH
H    RVOLStGHRV
 

 )XYHVW   -RmR WHP 5  SDUD &RP EDVH QDV LQIRUPDo}HV IRUQHFLGDV H QD
FRPSUDUFDQHWDVHPORMDV1DORMD$DVFDQHWDV FRPSRVLomRQXWULFLRQDOGRVDOLPHQWRVFRQVLGHUHDV
VmR YHQGLGDV HP G~]LDV FDGD G~]LD FXVWD VHJXLQWHVDILUPDo}HV

5  H Ki DSHQDV  G~]LDV HP HVWRTXH 1D
ORMD%DVFDQHWDVVmRYHQGLGDVHPSDUHVFDGDSDU , $SRQWXDomRGHXPELIHGH  J p  
FXVWD 5  H Ki  SDUHV HP HVWRTXH 1D ORMD ,, 2 PDFURQXWULHQWH SUHVHQWH HP PDLRU
& DV FDQHWDV VmR YHQGLGDV DYXOVDV FDGD FDQHWD TXDQWLGDGHQRDUUR]pRFDUERLGUDWR
FXVWD5HKiFDQHWDVHPHVWRTXH ,,, 3DUDXPDPHVPDPDVVDGHOLStGHRGHRULJHP
 YHJHWDO H GH FDUERLGUDWR D UD]mR
2 PDLRU Q~PHUR GH FDQHWDV TXH -RmR SRGH Q~PHURGHSRQWRVGROLStGHR
p
FRPSUDU QDV ORMDV $ % H & XWLOL]DQGR QR Pi[LPR Q~PHURGHSRQWRVGRFDUERLGUDWR
5pLJXDOD 
 eFRUUHWRRTXHVHDILUPDHP
D   

E   D ,DSHQDV
F   E ,,DSHQDV
G   F ,H,,DSHQDV
H   G ,,H,,,DSHQDV
H ,,,H,,,

 )XYHVW   8PD GLHWD GH HPDJUHFLPHQWR ­ D[  \ 
°
DWULEXLDFDGDDOLPHQWRXPFHUWRQ~PHURGHSRQWRV  )XYHVW   1R VLVWHPD OLQHDU ® \  ]   
TXH HTXLYDOH DR YDORU FDOyULFR GR DOLPHQWR DR VHU ° [] P
¯
LQJHULGR $VVLP SRU H[HPSOR DV FRPELQDo}HV
DEDL[RVRPDPFDGDXPD  SRQWRV QDVYDULiYHLV[\H]DHPVmRFRQVWDQWHVUHDLV
eFRUUHWRDILUPDU
 
ƒ FROKHUHVGHDUUR]FROKHUHVGHD]HLWH D  1RFDVRHPTXH D  RVLVWHPDWHPVROXomR
IDWLDGHTXHLMREUDQFR
ƒ  FROKHU GH DUUR]  ELIH   IDWLDV GH TXHLMR VHHVRPHQWHVH P  
EUDQFR E  2 VLVWHPD WHP VROXomR TXDLVTXHU TXH VHMDP
ƒ  FROKHUHV GH DUUR]   FROKHU GH D]HLWH   RVYDORUHVGH D HGH P 
IDWLDVGHTXHLMREUDQFR F  1RFDVRHPTXH P  RVLVWHPDWHPVROXomR
ƒ FROKHUHVGHDUUR]ELIH VHHVRPHQWHVH D  
G  2VLVWHPDVyWHPVROXomRVH D P  
H  2 VLVWHPD QmR WHP VROXomR TXDLVTXHU TXH
VHMDPRVYDORUHVGH D HGH P 

182 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW  6HMDP Ƚ H Ⱦ Q~PHURVUHDLVFRP  )XYHVW   -RmR 0DULD H $QW{QLD WLQKDP
 Ɏ   Ƚ  Ɏ   H   Ⱦ  Ɏ  6H R VLVWHPD GH MXQWRV5&DGDXPGHOHVLQYHVWLXVXD
SDUWH SRU XP DQR FRP MXURV GH  DR DQR
HTXDo}HV GDGR HP QRWDomR PDWULFLDO 'HSRLVGHFUHGLWDGRVVHXVMXURVQRILQDOGHVVHDQR
ª  º ª WJ Ƚ º ª  º $QW{QLDSDVVRXDWHU5PDLVRGREURGR
«   » «FRV Ⱦ » « »  IRU VDWLVIHLWR HQWmR Ƚ  Ⱦ  QRYR FDSLWDO GH -RmR 1R DQR VHJXLQWH RV WUrV
¬ ¼¬ ¼ ¬   ¼
UHLQYHVWLUDPVHXVFDSLWDLVDLQGDFRPMXURVGH
pLJXDOD
 DRDQR'HSRLVGHFUHGLWDGRVRVMXURVGHFDGDXP
Ɏ QR ILQDO GHVVH VHJXQGR DQR R QRYR FDSLWDO GH
D   $QW{QLD HUD LJXDO j VRPD GRV QRYRV FDSLWDLV GH

0DULDH-RmR
Ɏ
E   
 4XDOHUDRFDSLWDOLQLFLDOGH-RmR"
F  
Ɏ D  5
G 
 E  5
Ɏ F  5
H  G  5
 H  5
 
 )XYHVW   &RQVLGHUH D PDWUL]  )XYHVW   8P VXSHUPHUFDGR DGTXLULX
ª D D  º GHWHUJHQWHVQRVDURPDVOLPmRHFRFR$FRPSUDIRL
$ «D   D   »  HP TXH a p XP Q~PHUR UHDO HQWUHJXHHPEDODGDHPFDL[DVFRPIUDVFRV
¬ ¼
HP FDGD FDL[D 6DEHQGRVH TXH FDGD FDL[D
6DEHQGR TXH A DGPLWH LQYHUVD $   FXMD SULPHLUD
FRQWLQKDIUDVFRVGHGHWHUJHQWHVDPDLVQRDURPD
ª D  º OLPmRGRTXHQRDURPDFRFRRQ~PHURGHIUDVFRV
FROXQD p « »  D VRPD GRV HOHPHQWRV GD
¬  ¼ HQWUHJXHVQRDURPDOLPmRIRL
GLDJRQDOSULQFLSDOGH $  pLJXDOD 
 D  
D   E  
E   F  
F   G  
G   H  
H   

 )XYHVW (PXPDIHVWDFRPnSHVVRDVHP
GABARITO
XP GDGR LQVWDQWH  PXOKHUHV VH UHWLUDUDP H 
UHVWDUDP FRQYLGDGRV QD UD]mR GH  KRPHQV SDUD ' % ( $ %
FDGDPXOKHU8PSRXFRPDLVWDUGHKRPHQVVH $ ' $ $ &
UHWLUDUDPHUHVWDUDPDVHJXLUFRQYLGDGRVQDUD]mR
GH  PXOKHUHV SDUD FDGD KRPHP 2 Q~PHUR n GH 
SHVVRDVSUHVHQWHVLQLFLDOPHQWHQDIHVWDHUDLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 )XYHVW   8PD JHODGHLUD p YHQGLGD HP Q
SDUFHODVLJXDLVVHPMXURV&DVRVHTXHLUDDGTXLULU
R SURGXWR SDJDQGRVH  RX  SDUFHODV D PHQRV
DLQGDVHPMXURVRYDORUGHFDGDSDUFHODGHYHVHU
DFUHVFLGR GH 5  RX GH 5 
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH &RP EDVH QHVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV
FRQFOXLVHTXHRYDORUGHQpLJXDOD

D 
E 
F 
G 
H 


ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 183


ANTÍGENO UNESP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
MATRIZES, DETERMINANTES E SISTEMAS LINEARES


8QHVS   &RQVLGHUH RV SROLQ{PLRV 'HDFRUGRFRPDUHSUHVHQWDomRQHVVDIORULFXOWXUD
[   REXTXrVHPSUHoRLQGLFDGRFXVWD
  
S[  [  H T [ 
 [ D  5
P [ [ E  5
 F  5
3DUD TXH S [  VHMD GLYLVtYHO SRU T [  p QHFHVViULR G  5
TXHPVHMDLJXDOD H  5


D   
 8QHVS   &RQVLGHUH D HTXDomR PDWULFLDO
E   $  %;  ;  & FXMD LQFyJQLWD p D PDWUL] ; H
F   WRGDV DV PDWUL]HV VmR TXDGUDGDV GH RUGHP Q $
G   FRQGLomR QHFHVViULD H VXILFLHQWH SDUD TXH HVWD
H   HTXDomRWHQKDVROXomR~QLFDpTXH
 
 8QHVS   8P SRQWR 3 GH FRRUGHQDGDV D  %±,z2RQGH,pDPDWUL]LGHQWLGDGHGHRUGHP
[\ GRSODQRFDUWHVLDQRRUWRJRQDOpUHSUHVHQWDGR QH2pDPDWUL]QXODGHRUGHPQ
ª[º E  %VHMDLQYHUWtYHO
SHOD PDWUL] FROXQD « »   DVVLP FRPR D PDWUL]
¬\¼ F  %z2RQGH2pDPDWUL]QXODGHRUGHPQ
ª[º G  %±,VHMDLQYHUWtYHORQGH,pDPDWUL]LGHQWLGDGH
FROXQD « »  UHSUHVHQWD QR SODQR FDUWHVLDQR GHRUGHPQ
¬\¼ H  $H&VHMDPLQYHUWtYHLV
RUWRJRQDORSRQWR3GHFRRUGHQDGDV [\  
6HQGRDVVLPRUHVXOWDGRGDPXOWLSOLFDomRPDWULFLDO ª   º
 8QHVS   'DGD D PDWUL] $ « »  H
ª º ª [ º ¬   ¼
«   » ˜ « \ »  p XPD PDWUL] FROXQD TXH QR SODQR GHILQLQGRVH $  , $  $ H $.  $ ˜ $ ˜ $ ˜ « ˜ $
¬ ¼ ¬ ¼
FDUWHVLDQR RUWRJRQDO QHFHVVDULDPHQWH UHSUHVHQWD FRP N IDWRUHV RQGH , p XPD PDWUL] LGHQWLGDGH GH
XPSRQWRTXHp RUGHP N  ` H N t  DPDWUL]$VHUiGDGDSRU
 
D  XPDURWDomRGH3HP q QRVHQWLGRKRUiULR D ,
HFRPFHQWURHP   E $
E  XPD URWDomR GH 3 HP q  QR VHQWLGR DQWL F $
KRUiULRHFRPFHQWURHP   G $
F  VLPpWULFRGH3HPUHODomRDRHL[RKRUL]RQWDO[ H $

G  VLPpWULFRGH3HPUHODomRDRHL[RYHUWLFDO\
 8QHVS 8PDSHVVRDQHFHVVLWDGHPJGH
H  XPDURWDomRGH3HP q QRVHQWLGRKRUiULR
YLWDPLQD ( SRU VHPDQD D VHUHP REWLGRV FRP D
HFRPFHQWURHP  
 LQJHVWmR GH GRLV FRPSOHPHQWRV DOLPHQWDUHV D H E
 8QHVS   (P XPD IORULFXOWXUD RV SUHoRV &DGD SDFRWH GHVVHV FRPSOHPHQWRV IRUQHFH
GRV EXTXrV GH IORUHV VH GLIHUHQFLDP SHOR WLSR H UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHPJHPJGHYLWDPLQD((VVD
SHOD TXDQWLGDGH GH IORUHV XVDGDV HP VXD SHVVRD GLVS}H GH H[DWDPHQWH 5  VHPDQDLV
PRQWDJHP 4XDWUR GHVVHV EXTXrV HVWmR SDUD JDVWDUFRPRVFRPSOHPHQWRVVHQGRTXHFDGD
UHSUHVHQWDGRV QD ILJXUD D VHJXLU VHQGR TXH WUrV SDFRWHGH Ƚ FXVWD5HGH Ⱦ 5
GHOHVHVWmRFRPRVUHVSHFWLYRVSUHoRV 2 Q~PHUR PtQLPR GH SDFRWHV GR FRPSOHPHQWR

DOLPHQWDU Ƚ  TXH HVVD SHVVRD GHYH LQJHULU
VHPDQDOPHQWHSDUDJDUDQWLURVPJGHYLWDPLQD(
DRFXVWRIL[DGRSDUDRPHVPRSHUtRGRpGH

D  

E  

F  


184 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 $ PDWUL] GD ILJXUD  RQGH [ H \ UHSUHVHQWDP RV
G   OXFURV HP UHDLV REWLGRV SHOD IiEULFD QR UHIHULGR

H   PrV FRP D YHQGD GDV SHoDV jV HPSUHVDV ( H
 (UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHp

 8QHVS 8PDIDPtOLDIH]XPDSHVTXLVDGH
PHUFDGRQDVORMDVGHHOHWURGRPpVWLFRVjSURFXUD
GH WUrV SURGXWRV TXH GHVHMDYD DGTXLULU XPD 79
XPIUHH]HUHXPDFKXUUDVTXHLUD(PWUrVGDVORMDV
SHVTXLVDGDV RV SUHoRV GH FDGD XP GRV SURGXWRV
HUDPFRLQFLGHQWHVHQWUHVLPDVQHQKXPDGDVORMDV
WLQKD RV WUrV SURGXWRV VLPXOWDQHDPHQWH SDUD D
YHQGD$ORMD$YHQGLDDFKXUUDVTXHLUDHRIUHH]HU
SRU5$ORMD%YHQGLDD79HRIUHH]HU
SRU5HDORMD&YHQGLDDFKXUUDVTXHLUDH
D79SRU5
 
$ IDPtOLD DFDERX FRPSUDQGR D 79 R IUHH]HU H D 
FKXUUDVTXHLUDQHVWDVWUrVORMDV2YDORUWRWDOSDJR  8QHVS 6HMD7&DWHPSHUDWXUDHPJUDXV
HPUHDLVSHORVWUrVSURGXWRVIRLGH &HOVLXV H 7) D PHVPD WHPSHUDWXUD HP JUDXV
 )DKUHQKHLW (VVDV GXDV HVFDODV GH WHPSHUDWXUD
D   HVWmRUHODFLRQDGDVSHODHTXDomR
E  

F  
G     7& 7)
H   
 &RQVLGHUH DJRUD 7. D PHVPD WHPSHUDWXUD QD

 8QHVS   8PD ODSLVHLUD WUrV FDGHUQRV H HVFDOD .HOYLQ $V HVFDODV .HOYLQ H &HOVLXV HVWmR
XPD FDQHWD FXVWDP MXQWRV  UHDLV 'XDV UHODFLRQDGDVSHODHTXDomR
ODSLVHLUDV VHWH FDGHUQRV H GXDV FDQHWDV FXVWDP 
MXQWRV  UHDLV 2 FXVWR GH XPD ODSLVHLUD XP   7. 7&
FDGHUQRHXPDFDQHWDMXQWRVHPUHDLVp 
 $ HTXDomR TXH UHODFLRQD DV HVFDODV )DKUHQKHLW H
D   .HOYLQp
E   
F   D  7)  7. 
G   E  7)  7. 
H   F  7)  7. 

 G  7)  7. 
 8QHVS   6HMD $ XPD PDWUL] 6H H  7)  7. 
ª   º 
 «   »   8QHVS &RQVLGHUHDVPDWUL]HV
$ « » RGHWHUPLQDQWH$p 
«¬   »¼

D   
E     
F    
G     FRP[\]Q~PHURVUHDLV
H    


6H$% &DVRPDGRVHOHPHQWRVGDPDWUL]$p
 8QHVS 8PDIiEULFDSURGX]GRLVWLSRVGH 
SHoDV3H3(VVDVSHoDVVmRYHQGLGDVDGXDV D  
HPSUHVDV(H(2OXFURREWLGRSHODIiEULFDFRP E  
F  
D YHQGD GH FDGD SHoD 3 p 5  H GH FDGD
G  
SHoD 3 p 5  $ PDWUL] D VHJXLU ILJXUD  
H  
IRUQHFHDTXDQWLGDGHGHSHoDV3H3YHQGLGDVD 
FDGD XPD GDV HPSUHVDV ( H ( QR PrV GH 
QRYHPEUR 

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 185


 8QHVS   1XPD GHWHUPLQDGD HPSUHVD
YLJRUD D VHJXLQWH UHJUD EDVHDGD HP DF~PXOR GH
SRQWRV1RILQDOGHFDGDPrVRIXQFLRQiULRUHFHEH
SRQWRVSRVLWLYRVVHHPWRGRVRVGLDVGRPrVHOH
IRL SRQWXDO QR WUDEDOKR RX  SRQWRV QHJDWLYRV VH
GXUDQWH R PrV HOH FKHJRX SHOR PHQRV XP GLD
DWUDVDGR
2VSRQWRVUHFHELGRVYmRVHQGRDFXPXODGRVPrVD
PrV DWp TXH D VRPD DWLQMD SHOD SULPHLUD YH] 
RX PDLV SRQWRV SRVLWLYRV RX QHJDWLYRV 4XDQGR
LVVR RFRUUH Ki GXDV SRVVLELOLGDGHV VH R Q~PHUR
GH SRQWRV DFXPXODGRV IRU SRVLWLYR R IXQFLRQiULR
UHFHEH XPD JUDWLILFDomR H VH IRU QHJDWLYR Ki XP
GHVFRQWR HP VHX VDOiULR 6H XP IXQFLRQiULR
DFXPXORX H[DWDPHQWH  SRQWRV SRVLWLYRV HP 
PHVHV D TXDQWLGDGH GH PHVHV HP TXH HOH IRL
SRQWXDOQRSHUtRGRIRL

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

GABARITO

$ % $ ' %
$ & & & &
& % &  


186 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
MATRIZES, DETERMINANTES E SISTEMAS LINEARES


 8QLFDPS   6DEHQGR TXH S  p XP Q~PHUR eFRUUHWRDILUPDUTXHHVVHVLVWHPD
ªS  º 
UHDO FRQVLGHUH D PDWUL] $ « S »  H VXD D  WHPVROXomRSDUDWRGR N 
¬ ¼ E  QmRWHPVROXomR~QLFDSDUDQHQKXP N 
WUDQVSRVWD $ 7   6H $  $ 7  p VLQJXODU QmR F  QmRWHPVROXomRVH N  
LQYHUWtYHO HQWmR G  WHPLQILQLWDVVROXo}HVVH N z  
 
D  S    8QLFDPS   6HQGR D  XP Q~PHUR UHDO
E  _ S _   § D · 
FRQVLGHUHDPDWUL] ¨ ¸  (QWmR $ pLJXDOD
F  _ S _   ©   ¹
G  S   
 § ·
D ¨ ¸  
 8QLFDPS   6DEHQGR TXH D  H E  VmR ©  ¹
Q~PHURV UHDLV FRQVLGHUH D PDWUL] TXDGUDGD GH § D ·
RUGHP   E ¨ ¸  
©  ¹

§  ·
§  D · F ¨ ¸  
¨
$ ¨ E  D ¸ 
¸ ©  ¹
¨  E ¸ §  D ·
© ¹ G ¨ ¸  
¨  ¸¹
 ©
6HDVRPDGRVHOHPHQWRVHPFDGDOLQKDGDPDWUL] 
$  WHP VHPSUH R PHVPR YDORU HQWmR R  8QLFDPS   6HMDP D  H E  Q~PHURV UHDLV
GHWHUPLQDQWHGH $ pLJXDOD &RQVLGHUHHQWmRRVGRLVVLVWHPDVOLQHDUHVDEDL[R
 QDVYDULiYHLV [  \ H ]  
D    
E    ­ [  \ D ­ [  \ 
F    ® H ® 
G    ¯ ]  \  ¯ \  ] E
 
 8QLFDPS   6HMDP D  H E  Q~PHURV UHDLV 6DEHQGR TXH HVVHV GRLV VLVWHPDV SRVVXHP XPD
VROXomRHPFRPXPSRGHPRVDILUPDUFRUUHWDPHQWH
ª  º TXH
WDLV TXH D PDWUL] $ « »  VDWLVID] D HTXDomR
¬  ¼ 
$  D$  E,  HP TXH ,  p D PDWUL] LGHQWLGDGH GH D  D  E  
E  D  E  
RUGHP  /RJRRSURGXWR DE pLJXDOD
F  D  E  

G  D  E  
D   

E   
 8QLFDPS   8P SDUDOHOHStSHGR UHWkQJXOR
F   
G    WHP IDFHV GH iUHDV  FP    FP  H  FP   2
 YROXPHGHVVHSDUDOHOHStSHGRpLJXDOD
 8QLFDPS   6DEHQGR TXH N  p XP Q~PHUR 
UHDOFRQVLGHUHRVLVWHPDOLQHDUQDVYDULiYHLVUHDLV D    FP  
[ H \ 
E    FP  

­ [  N\  F  FP  
® 
¯ [  \ N G   FP  
 

ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 187


 8QLFDPS   (P XPD PDWUL] FKDPDPVH [ \] DEF  p XPD VROXomR GHVVH VLVWHPD 2
HOHPHQWRV LQWHUQRV DTXHOHV TXH QmR SHUWHQFHP j YDORUGH P pLJXDOD
SULPHLUD QHP j ~OWLPD OLQKD RX FROXQD 2 Q~PHUR 
GHHOHPHQWRVLQWHUQRVHPXPDPDWUL]FRPOLQKDV D   
HFROXQDVpLJXDOD
E   

F   
D   
G   
E   

F     8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH D PDWUL]
G   
§  D ·
 ¨ ¸
 8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHRVLVWHPDOLQHDUQDV 0 ¨ E  D ¸   RQGH D H E VmR Q~PHURV UHDLV
YDULiYHLVUHDLV [  \  ] H Z  ¨  E ¸
© ¹
 GLVWLQWRV3RGHPRVDILUPDUTXH
­ [  \  
° D  DPDWUL]0QmRpLQYHUWtYHO
® \  ]  
° Z  ]  E  RGHWHUPLQDQWHGH0pSRVLWLYR
¯ F  RGHWHUPLQDQWHGH0pLJXDOD D  E  
 G  DPDWUL]0pLJXDOjVXDWUDQVSRVWD
/RJRDVRPD [  \  ]  Z pLJXDOD 
  8QLFDPS   $V FRPSDQKLDV DpUHDV
D    FRVWXPDP HVWDEHOHFHU XP OLPLWH GH SHVR SDUD D
E    EDJDJHP GH FDGD SDVVDJHLUR FREUDQGR XPD WD[D
F    SRU TXLORJUDPD GH H[FHVVR GH SHVR 4XDQGR GRLV
G    SDVVDJHLURVFRPSDUWLOKDPDEDJDJHPVHXVOLPLWHV
 VmR FRQVLGHUDGRV HP FRQMXQWR (P XP
 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH D PDWUL] TXDGUDGD GHWHUPLQDGRYRRWDQWRXPFDVDOFRPRXPVHQKRU
ª FRV [  VHQ [ º TXH YLDMDYD VR]LQKR WUDQVSRUWDUDP  NJ GH
« EDJDJHPHIRUDPREULJDGRVDSDJDUSHORH[FHVVR
GH RUGHP   $ «    »»   RQGH [  p GHSHVR2YDORUTXHRVHQKRUSDJRXFRUUHVSRQGHX
«¬VHQ [  FRV [ »¼ DYH]HVRYDORUSDJRSHORFDVDO

XPQ~PHURUHDO 3DUD GHWHUPLQDU R SHVR H[FHGHQWH GDV EDJDJHQV
 GR FDVDO [  H GR VHQKRU TXH YLDMDYD VR]LQKR \ 
3RGHPRVDILUPDUTXH EHP FRPR R OLPLWH GH SHVR TXH XP SDVVDJHLUR
 SRGH WUDQVSRUWDU VHP SDJDU TXDOTXHU WD[D ] 
D  $ QmRpLQYHUWtYHOSDUDQHQKXPYDORUGH[ SRGHVHUHVROYHURVHJXLQWHVLVWHPDOLQHDU
E  $ pLQYHUWtYHOSDUDXP~QLFRYDORUGH[ 
F  $ pLQYHUWtYHOSDUDH[DWDPHQWHGRLVYDORUHVGH ­ [    ] 
[ °
D  ® \  ]  
G  $ pLQYHUWtYHOSDUDWRGRVRVYDORUHVGH[
°[  \  
 ¯
 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH D PDWUL] ­ [    ] 
ªD  º °
$ « »   RQGH D  H E  VmR Q~PHURV UHDLV 6H E  ® \ ]  
¬E ¼ °[  \  
¯
$  $ H $ pLQYHUWtYHOHQWmR
­ [    ] 
 °
D  D  H E   F ® \  ]  
E  D  H E   °[  \  
¯
F  D  H E   ­ [    ] 
G  D  H E   °
G  ® \ ]  

°[  \  
 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH R VLVWHPD OLQHDU ¯
QDVYDULiYHLV [  \ H ]  
  8QLFDPS   5HFHQWHPHQWH XP yUJmR
­ [  \  ]  JRYHUQDPHQWDO GH SHVTXLVD GLYXOJRX TXH HQWUH
®   H  FHUFD GH  PLOK}HV GH EUDVLOHLURV
¯[  \  P]  VDtUDP GD FRQGLomR GH LQGLJrQFLD 1HVVH PHVPR
 SHUtRGR  PLOK}HV GH EUDVLOHLURV GHL[DUDP D
RQGH P  p XP Q~PHUR UHDO 6HMDP D  E  F  FRQGLomR GH SREUH]D 2EVHUYH TXH D IDL[D GH
Q~PHURV LQWHLURV FRQVHFXWLYRV WDLV TXH SREUH]DLQFOXLRVLQGLJHQWHV

188 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


2 JUiILFR D VHJXLU PRVWUD RV SHUFHQWXDLV GD
SRSXODomR EUDVLOHLUD HQTXDGUDGRV QHVVDV GXDV
FDWHJRULDVHPH




$SyVGHWHUPLQDUDSRSXODomREUDVLOHLUDHPH
HPUHVROYHQGRXPVLVWHPDOLQHDUYHULILFDVH
TXH

D  R Q~PHUR GH EUDVLOHLURV LQGLJHQWHV SDVVRX GH
PLOK}HVHPSDUDPLOK}HVHP

E  PLOK}HVGHEUDVLOHLURVHUDPLQGLJHQWHVHP

F  PLOK}HVGHEUDVLOHLURVHUDPLQGLJHQWHVHP

G  HQWUH  H  R WRWDO GH EUDVLOHLURV
LQFOXtGRV QDV IDL[DV GH SREUH]D H GH
LQGLJrQFLD SDVVRX GH  SDUD  GD
SRSXODomR

GABARITO

% ' $ $ %
' % $ ' '
% $ % $ &


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 189


ANTÍGENO ENEM (2.º DIA)

MATEMÁTICA
MATRIZES, DETERMINANTES E SISTEMAS LINEARES


 (QHP   8P SURIHVVRU DSOLFD GXUDQWH RV &RP EDVH QHVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV R EDQFR TXH
FLQFRGLDV~WHLVGHXPDVHPDQDWHVWHVFRPTXDWUR WUDQVIHULXDPDLRUTXDQWLDYLD7('pREDQFR
TXHVW}HV GH P~OWLSOD HVFROKD D FLQFR DOXQRV 2V 

UHVXOWDGRVIRUDPUHSUHVHQWDGRVQDPDWUL] D  
 E  
F  
ª     º
«     » G  
« » H  
«     »  
« »  (QHP 33/   9LVDQGR DWLQJLU PHWDV
«     » HFRQ{PLFDV SUHYLDPHQWH HVWDEHOHFLGDV p FRPXP
«¬     »¼
QR ILQDO GR PrV DOJXPDV ORMDV FRORFDUHP FHUWRV
 SURGXWRV HP SURPRomR 8PD GHWHUPLQDGD ORMD GH
1HVVD PDWUL] RV HOHPHQWRV GDV OLQKDV GH  D  GHSDUWDPHQWRV FRORFRX HP RIHUWD RV VHJXLQWHV
UHSUHVHQWDP DV TXDQWLGDGHV GH TXHVW}HV SURGXWRV WHOHYLVmR VRIi H HVWDQWH 1D FRPSUD GD
DFHUWDGDVSHORVDOXQRV$QD%UXQR&DUORV'HQLVH WHOHYLVmR PDLV R VRIi R FOLHQWH SDJDULD
eULFD UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH HQTXDQWR TXH DV FROXQDV 56HHOHOHYDVVHRVRIiPDLVDHVWDQWH
GHDLQGLFDPRVGLDVGDVHPDQDGHVHJXQGD SDJDULD 5  $ WHOHYLVmR PDLV D HVWDQWH
IHLUD D VH[WDIHLUD UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH HP TXH RV VDLULDPSRU58PFOLHQWHUHVROYHXOHYDU
WHVWHVIRUDPDSOLFDGRV GXDV WHOHYLV}HV H XP VRIi TXH HVWDYDP QD
 SURPRomR FRQVHJXLQGR DLQGD PDLV  GH
2 WHVWH TXH DSUHVHQWRX PDLRU TXDQWLGDGH GH GHVFRQWRSHORSDJDPHQWRjYLVWD
DFHUWRVIRLRDSOLFDGRQD 2YDORUWRWDOHPUHDOSDJRSHORFOLHQWHIRLGH


D  VHJXQGDIHLUD D  
E  WHUoDIHLUD E  
F  TXDUWDIHLUD F  
G  TXLQWDIHLUD G  
H  VH[WDIHLUD H  
 
 (QHP   $ 7UDQVIHUrQFLD (OHWU{QLFD  (QHP 8PFLHQWLVWDHPVHXVHVWXGRVSDUD
'LVSRQtYHO 7('  p XPD WUDQVDomR ILQDQFHLUD GH PRGHODU D SUHVVmR DUWHULDO GH XPD SHVVRD XWLOL]D
YDORUHV HQWUH GLIHUHQWHV EDQFRV 8P HFRQRPLVWD XPDIXQomRGRWLSR 3 W $  % FRV NW HPTXH$%
GHFLGH DQDOLVDU RV YDORUHV HQYLDGRV SRU PHLR GH H N VmR FRQVWDQWHV UHDLV SRVLWLYDV H W UHSUHVHQWD D
7('V HQWUH FLQFR EDQFRV     H   GXUDQWH YDULiYHOWHPSRPHGLGDHPVHJXQGR&RQVLGHUHTXH
XP PrV 3DUD LVVR HOH GLVS}H HVVHV YDORUHV HP XP EDWLPHQWR FDUGtDFR UHSUHVHQWD R LQWHUYDOR GH
XPDPDWUL]$ >DLM@HPTXH  d L d  H  d M d  H WHPSRHQWUHGXDVVXFHVVLYDVSUHVV}HVPi[LPDV
$R DQDOLVDU XP FDVR HVSHFtILFR R FLHQWLVWD REWHYH
R HOHPHQWR DLM  FRUUHVSRQGH DR WRWDO SURYHQLHQWH
RVGDGRV
GDV RSHUDo}HV IHLWDV YLD 7(' HP PLOKmR GH UHDO 

WUDQVIHULGRV GR EDQFR L SDUD R EDQFR M GXUDQWH R 3UHVVmRPtQLPD 


PrV 2EVHUYH TXH RV HOHPHQWRV DLM   XPD YH] 3UHVVmRPi[LPD 
TXH 7(' p XPD WUDQVIHUrQFLD HQWUH EDQFRV 1~PHUR GH EDWLPHQWRV FDUGtDFRV SRU

GLVWLQWRV(VWDpDPDWUL]REWLGDSDUDHVVDDQiOLVH PLQXWR

 $IXQomR 3 W REWLGDSRUHVWHFLHQWLVWDDRDQDOLVDU
ª    º
RFDVRHVSHFtILFRIRL
«     »» 
«
$ «    »  D 3W   FRV  ɎW 
« » E 3W   FRV  ɎW 
«    »
«¬     »¼ F 3W   FRV ɎW 
 G 3W   FRV W 
H 3W   FRV W 

190 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


 (QHP33/ 8PDSHVVRDHQFKHXRFDUWmR
GH PHPyULD GH VXD FkPHUD GXDV YH]HV VRPHQWH
FRP YtGHRV H IRWRV 1D SULPHLUD YH] FRQVHJXLX
DUPD]HQDUPLQXWRVGHYtGHRHIRWRV-iQD
VHJXQGDIRL SRVVtYHOUHDOL]DUPLQXWRVGHYtGHR
H WLUDU  IRWRV 7RGRV RV YtGHRV SRVVXHP D
PHVPDTXDOLGDGHGHLPDJHPHQWUHVLDVVLPFRPR
WRGDV DV IRWRV $JRUD HVVD SHVVRD GHVHMD
DUPD]HQDU QHVVH FDUWmR GH PHPyULD
H[FOXVLYDPHQWHIRWRVFRPDPHVPDTXDOLGDGHGDV
DQWHULRUHV

'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZWHFKOLGHUFRPEU
$FHVVRHPMXO

2 Q~PHUR Pi[LPR GH IRWRV TXH HOD SRGHUi
DUPD]HQDUp

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   


GABARITO

$ $ ' $ &


ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 191


ANTÍGENO UERJ (QUALIFICAÇÃO)

MATEMÁTICA
MATRIZES, DETERMINANTES E SISTEMAS LINEARES


 8HUM 2EVHUYHDPDWUL]

ª   W  º
«  
¬ W   »¼

3DUDTXHRGHWHUPLQDQWHGHVVDPDWUL]VHMDQXORRPDLRUYDORUUHDOGH W GHYHVHULJXDOD

D   
E   
F   
G   

 8HUM 3DUDFRPEDWHUDVXEQXWULomRLQIDQWLOIRLGHVHQYROYLGDXPDPLVWXUDDOLPHQWtFLDFRPSRVWDSRU
WUrV WLSRV GH VXSOHPHQWRV DOLPHQWDUHV , ,, H ,,, (VVHV VXSOHPHQWRV SRU VXD YH] FRQWrP GLIHUHQWHV
FRQFHQWUDo}HV GH WUrV QXWULHQWHV $ % H & 2EVHUYH DV WDEHODV D VHJXLU TXH LQGLFDP D FRQFHQWUDomR GH
QXWULHQWHVQRVVXSOHPHQWRVHDSRUFHQWDJHPGHVXSOHPHQWRVQDPLVWXUDUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH

&RQFHQWUDomRGRV6XSOHPHQWRV
$OLPHQWDUHV J NJ   6XSOHPHQWR 4XDQWLGDGHQD
1XWULHQWH 0LVWXUD  
$OLPHQWDU
, ,, ,,, 
$     , 
%       ,, 
&     ,,, 

$TXDQWLGDGHGRQXWULHQWH&HP J NJ HQFRQWUDGDQDPLVWXUDDOLPHQWtFLDpLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  

 8HUM 2EVHUYHDPDWUL] $  TXDGUDGDHGHRUGHPWUrV

§    ·
¨ ¸
$ ¨   [ ¸
¨  [  ¸¹
©

&RQVLGHUHTXHFDGDHOHPHQWR D LM GHVVDPDWUL]pRYDORUGRORJDULWPRGHFLPDOGH L  M  
2YDORUGH[pLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  

GABARITO

$ ' %  


192 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO FUVEST (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
PROGRESSÕES, LOGARITMOS E EXPONENCIAIS


 )XYHVW   2 FLOLQGUR GH SDSHOmR FHQWUDO GH  
XPDILWDFUHSHWHPUDLRH[WHUQRGHFP$ILWDWHP  )XYHVW   6H ORJ \   ORJ [  SDUD
 
HVSHVVXUDGHFPHGiYROWDVFRPSOHWDV
 [ !  HQWmR


[
D \ 

[
E \ 

  
F \   [ 


G \  ˜ [  
H \ [  

 )XYHVW   &RQVLGHUH DV IXQo}HV
I [ [    H J [   ORJ  [ HPTXHRGRPtQLR
 
 GH I pRFRQMXQWRGRVQ~PHURVUHDLVHRGRPtQLR
&RQVLGHUDQGRTXHDFDGDYROWDRUDLRH[WHUQRGR GH J  p R FRQMXQWR GRV Q~PHURV UHDLV PDLRUHV GR
URORp DXPHQWDGR QR YDORU GD HVSHVVXUD GD ILWD R
FRPSULPHQWRWRWDOGDILWDpGHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH TXH   6HMD K [ I J [  J I [   HP TXH
 [ !  (QWmR K  pLJXDOD
1RWHHDGRWH Ɏ #   
 D  
D   P  E  
E   P  F  
G  
F   P  H  
G   P  
H  P   )XYHVW -RmRWHP 5  SDUDFRPSUDU
 FDQHWDV HP   ORMDV 1D ORMD $ DV FDQHWDV VmR
 )XYHVW )RUPDVHXPDSLOKDGHIROKDVGH YHQGLGDV HP G~]LDV FDGD G~]LD FXVWD 5   H
SDSHO HP TXH FDGD IROKD WHP PP  GH Ki DSHQDV  G~]LDV HP HVWRTXH 1D ORMD % DV
HVSHVVXUD$SLOKDpIRUPDGDGDVHJXLQWHPDQHLUD FDQHWDV VmR YHQGLGDV HP SDUHV FDGD SDU FXVWD
FRORFDVH XPD IROKD QD SULPHLUD YH] H HP FDGD 5   H Ki  SDUHV HP HVWRTXH 1D ORMD & DV
XPD GDV YH]HV VHJXLQWHV WDQWDV TXDQWDV Mi FDQHWDV VmR YHQGLGDV DYXOVDV FDGD FDQHWD FXVWD
KRXYHUHPVLGRFRORFDGDVDQWHULRUPHQWH'HSRLVGH 5  HKiFDQHWDVHPHVWRTXH
 GHVVDV RSHUDo}HV D DOWXUD GD SLOKD WHUi D 2 PDLRU Q~PHUR GH FDQHWDV TXH -RmR SRGH
RUGHPGHJUDQGH]D FRPSUDU QDV ORMDV $ % H & XWLOL]DQGR QR Pi[LPR

5  pLJXDOD
D  GDDOWXUDGHXPSRVWH
E  GDDOWXUDGHXPSUpGLRGH  DQGDUHV 
F  GRFRPSULPHQWRGD$Y3DXOLVWD D  
G  GD GLVWkQFLD GD FLGDGH GH 6mR 3DXOR 63  j E  
FLGDGHGR5LRGH-DQHLUR 5-  F  
H  GRGLkPHWURGD7HUUD G  
 H  



ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 193


 )XYHVW 8VHDVSURSULHGDGHVGRORJDULWPR , DQ pXPDSURJUHVVmRJHRPpWULFD
SDUDVLPSOLILFDUDH[SUHVVmR ,, EQ pXPDSURJUHVVmRJHRPpWULFD

,,, FQ pXPDSURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFD
  
6    ,9 GQ pXPDSURJUHVVmRJHRPpWULFD
 ˜ ORJ   ˜ ORJ   ˜ ORJ 
 
2YDORUGH 6 p 6mRYHUGDGHLUDVDSHQDV


D  ,,,H,,,
 E  ,,,H,9
D 
 F  ,H,,,
 G  ,,H,9
E 
 H  ,,,H,9
 
F   )XYHVW   6REUH D HTXDomR

[   
 [  ORJ _ [  [  _   p FRUUHWR DILUPDU
G  TXH

 
H  D  HODQmRSRVVXLUDt]HVUHDLV
 E  VXD~QLFDUDL]UHDOp   
 F  GXDVGHVXDVUDt]HVUHDLVVmRH   
 )XYHVW 'HDWpKRMHRFRUUHUDPDV G  VXDV~QLFDVUDt]HVUHDLVVmR   H
VHJXLQWHV PXGDQoDV GH PRHGD QR %UDVLO   HP
H  HODSRVVXLFLQFRUDt]HVUHDLVGLVWLQWDV
IRLFULDGRRFUX]HLURFDGDFUX]HLURYDOHQGR

PLO UpLV   HP  IRL FULDGR R FUX]HLUR QRYR
 )XYHVW   4XDQGR VH GLYLGH R 3URGXWR
FDGD FUX]HLUR QRYR YDOHQGR PLO FUX]HLURV HP
,QWHUQR%UXWR 3,% GHXPSDtVSHODVXDSRSXODomR
RFUX]HLURQRYRYROWRXDVHFKDPDUDSHQDV
REWpPVH D UHQGD SHU FDSLWD GHVVH SDtV 6XSRQKD
FUX]HLUR   HP  IRL FULDGR R FUX]DGR FDGD
TXH D SRSXODomR GH XP SDtV FUHVoD j WD[D
FUX]DGR YDOHQGR PLO FUX]HLURV   HP  IRL
FRQVWDQWH GH  DR DQR 3DUD TXH VXD UHQGD SHU
FULDGR R FUX]DGR QRYR FDGD XP YDOHQGR PLO
FDSLWD GREUH HP  DQRV R 3,% GHYH FUHVFHU
FUX]DGRV HP  R FUX]DGR QRYR SDVVRX D VH
DQXDOPHQWH j WD[D FRQVWDQWH GH
FKDPDU QRYDPHQWH FUX]HLUR   HP  IRL
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
FULDGR R FUX]HLUR UHDO FDGD XP YDOHQGR PLO

FUX]HLURV  HPIRLFULDGRRUHDOFDGDXP
YDOHQGRFUX]HLURVUHDLV 'DGR   #  


4XDQGR PRUUHX HP  %UiV &XEDV SRVVXtD
D  
FRQWRV
 E  
6H HVVH YDORU WLYHVVH ILFDGR DWp KRMH HP XPD F  
FRQWD EDQFiULD VHP UHFHEHU MXURV H VHP SDJDU G  
WD[DV H VH D FDGD PXGDQoD GH PRHGD R H  
GHSyVLWR WLYHVVH VLGR QRUPDOPHQWH FRQYHUWLGR 
SDUD D QRYD PRHGD R VDOGR KLSRWpWLFR GHVVD  )XYHVW 8PDVXEVWkQFLDUDGLRDWLYDVRIUH
FRQWDVHULDDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHGHXPGpFLPRGH GHVLQWHJUDomRDRORQJRGRWHPSRGHDFRUGRFRPD
 UHODomR P W FD NW  HP TXH D p XP Q~PHUR UHDO
'DGRV
SRVLWLYR W p GDGR HP DQRV P W  D PDVVD GD
8PFRQWRHTXLYDOLDDXPPLOKmRGHUpLV
VXEVWkQFLD HP JUDPDV H F N VmR FRQVWDQWHV
8PELOKmRpLJXDODHXPWULOKmRpLJXDOD
 SRVLWLYDV 6DEHVH TXH P  JUDPDV GHVVD
D  UHDO VXEVWkQFLD IRUDP UHGX]LGRV D  HP  DQRV $
E  PLOpVLPRGHUHDO TXH SRUFHQWDJHP GH P  ILFDUi UHGX]LGD D PDVVD
F  PLOLRQpVLPRGHUHDO GDVXEVWkQFLDHPDQRV"
G  ELOLRQpVLPRGHUHDO 
H  WULOLRQpVLPRGHUHDO D  
 E  
 )XYHVW   'DGDV DV VHTXrQFLDV F  
 G  
DQ Q  Q    EQ Q   FQ DQ  DQ  H
H  
EQ 
GQ  GHILQLGDVSDUDYDORUHVLQWHLURVSRVLWLYRV
EQ 
GHQFRQVLGHUHDVVHJXLQWHVDILUPDo}HV 


194 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW   6HMD [ !  WDO TXH D VHTXrQFLD (VWiFRUUHWRRTXHVHDILUPDVRPHQWHHP
D ORJ[D ORJ [ D ORJ [ IRUPHQHVVD 

RUGHP XPD SURJUHVVmR DULWPpWLFD (QWmR D  ,


DDDpLJXDOD E  ,,
 F  ,,,
 G  ,H,,
D 
 H  ,H,,,
 
E   )XYHVW   2 Q~PHUR UHDO D p R PHQRU
 GHQWUHRVYDORUHVGH[TXHVDWLVID]HPDHTXDomR
 
F 
  ORJ   [ ORJ  [  


G  § D   · pLJXDOD
(QWmR ORJ ¨
 ¸
 ©  ¹
H  
 D  
 E  
 )XYHVW   2V Q~PHURV D D D IRUPDP F  
XPDSURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFDGHUD]mRUGHWDOPRGR G  
TXH Ƚ   Ƚ    Ƚ   ±HVWHMDPHPSURJUHVVmR H  

JHRPpWULFD'DGRDLQGDTXHD!HD FRQFOXL  )XYHVW   6DEHVH VREUH D SURJUHVVmR
VHTXHUpLJXDOD
 JHRPpWULFDDDDTXHD!HD   
D     $OpP GLVVR D SURJUHVVmR JHRPpWULFD D D D 
WHPUD]mRLJXDOD

E    1HVVDVFRQGLo}HVRSURGXWRDDYDOH
 
 D    
F   
 E    
 F    
G   
 G    
H    
H    


 )XYHVW   7HQGR HP YLVWD DV
 )XYHVW   2V Q~PHURV UHDLV [  H \  VmR
DSUR[LPDo}HV ORJ  |  ORJ  |  HQWmR
R PDLRU Q~PHUR LQWHLUR Q VDWLVID]HQGR Q d  VROXo}HVGRVLVWHPD
pLJXDOD 
 ­
D   ° ORJ [  ORJ \   
E   °
® 
F  
° 
G   °ORJ [    ORJ \ 
H   ¯ 
 
 )XYHVW $PDJQLWXGHGHXPWHUUHPRWRQD
(QWmR  \  [ YDOH
HVFDOD5LFKWHUpSURSRUFLRQDODRORJDULWPRQDEDVH
 GD HQHUJLD OLEHUDGD SHOR DEDOR VtVPLFR D  ±
$QDORJDPHQWH R S+ GH XPD VROXomR DTXRVD p E  ±
GDGR SHOR ORJDULWPR QD EDVH  GR LQYHUVR GD F  
FRQFHQWUDomRGHtRQV+ G  
&RQVLGHUHDVVHJXLQWHVDILUPDo}HV H  
 
, 2 XVR GR ORJDULWPR QDV HVFDODV PHQFLRQDGDV  )XYHVW  6HMDP DDDDDQ~PHURV
MXVWLILFDVH SHODV YDULDo}HV H[SRQHQFLDLV GDV HVWULWDPHQWH SRVLWLYRV WDLV TXH ORJ D ORJ D
JUDQGH]DVHQYROYLGDV ORJ D ORJ D ORJ D IRUPDP QHVWD RUGHP XPD
,, $ FRQFHQWUDomR GH tRQV + GH XPD VROXomR SURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFDGHUD]mR6HD HQWmR
iFLGDFRPS+pPLOYH]HVPDLRUTXHDGH RYDORUGDVRPDDDDDDpLJXDOD
XPDVROXomRDOFDOLQDFRPS+ 
,,, 8P DEDOR VtVPLFR GH PDJQLWXGH  QD HVFDOD
5LFKWHU OLEHUD GXDV YH]HV PDLV HQHUJLD TXH D    
RXWURGHPDJQLWXGH E    
 F    

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 195


G      )XYHVW   1R SUy[LPR GLD  0DULD
TXHYLYHHP3RUWXJDOWHUiXPVDOGRGHHXURV
H    
HP VXD FRQWD FRUUHQWH H XPD SUHVWDomR D SDJDU

 )XYHVW   7UrV Q~PHURV SRVLWLYRV FXMD QR YDORU GH  HXURV FRP YHQFLPHQWR QHVVH
VRPD p  HVWmR HP SURJUHVVmR DULWPpWLFD GLD 2 VDOiULR GHOD p VXILFLHQWH SDUD VDOGDU WDO
6RPDQGRVH UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH   H  DRV SUHVWDomR PDV VHUi GHSRVLWDGR QHVVD FRQWD
SULPHLUR VHJXQGR H WHUFHLUR WHUPRV GHVVD FRUUHQWHDSHQDVQRGLD
SURJUHVVmR DULWPpWLFD REWHPRV WUrV Q~PHURV HP 0DULDHVWiFRQVLGHUDQGRGXDVRSo}HVSDUDSDJDUD
SURJUHVVmR JHRPpWULFD (QWmR XP GRV WHUPRV GD SUHVWDomR
SURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFDp 
  3DJDU QR GLD  1HVVH FDVR R EDQFR FREUDUi
D   MXURV GH  DR GLD VREUH R VDOGR QHJDWLYR
E   GLiULRHPVXDFRQWDFRUUHQWHSRUGRLVGLDV
F    3DJDUQRGLD1HVVHFDVRHODGHYHUiSDJDU
G   XPD PXOWD GH  VREUH R YDORU WRWDO GD
H   SUHVWDomR
 
 )XYHVW 6HMDPDHEQ~PHURVUHDLVWDLV 6XSRQKD TXH QmR KDMD RXWUDV PRYLPHQWDo}HV HP
TXH VXD FRQWD FRUUHQWH 6H 0DULD HVFROKHU D RSomR 
 HODWHUiHPUHODomRjRSomR
L DEHDEIRUPDPQHVVDRUGHPXPD3$ 
LL DHEIRUPDPQHVVDRUGHPXPD3* D  GHVYDQWDJHPGHHXURV
 E  YDQWDJHPGHHXURV
(QWmRRYDORUGHDp F  GHVYDQWDJHPGHHXURV

G  YDQWDJHPGHHXURV
D  
H  YDQWDJHPGHHXURV
E  

F  
 )XYHVW   -RmR 0DULD H $QW{QLD WLQKDP
G  
MXQWRV5&DGDXPGHOHVLQYHVWLXVXD
H  
SDUWH SRU XP DQR FRP MXURV GH  DR DQR

'HSRLVGHFUHGLWDGRVVHXVMXURVQRILQDOGHVVHDQR
 )XYHVW   8PD JHODGHLUD p YHQGLGD HP Q
$QW{QLDSDVVRXDWHU5PDLVRGREURGR
SDUFHODVLJXDLVVHPMXURV&DVRVHTXHLUDDGTXLULU
QRYR FDSLWDO GH -RmR 1R DQR VHJXLQWH RV WUrV
R SURGXWR SDJDQGRVH  RX  SDUFHODV D PHQRV
UHLQYHVWLUDPVHXVFDSLWDLVDLQGDFRPMXURVGH
DLQGDVHPMXURVRYDORUGHFDGDSDUFHODGHYHVHU
DRDQR'HSRLVGHFUHGLWDGRVRVMXURVGHFDGDXP
DFUHVFLGR GH 5  RX GH 5 
QR ILQDO GHVVH VHJXQGR DQR R QRYR FDSLWDO GH
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH &RP EDVH QHVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV
$QW{QLD HUD LJXDO j VRPD GRV QRYRV FDSLWDLV GH
FRQFOXLVHTXHRYDORUGHQpLJXDOD
 0DULDH-RmR
D   
E   4XDOHUDRFDSLWDOLQLFLDOGH-RmR"
F   
G   D  5
H   E  5
 F  5
 )XYHVW +iXPDQR%UXQRFRPSURXXPD G  5
FDVD SRU 5 3DUD LVVR WRPRX H  5
HPSUHVWDGRV 5 GH (GVRQ H 
5 GH &DUORV SURPHWHQGR GHYROYHUOKHV
RGLQKHLURDSyVXPDQRDFUHVFLGRGHHGH
GABARITO
MXURV UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH $ FDVD YDORUL]RX  
GXUDQWH HVWH SHUtRGR GH XP DQR 6DEHQGRVH TXH ' ' $ % %
%UXQRYHQGHXDFDVDKRMHHSDJRXRFRPELQDGRD ( ' ( ( %
(GVRQH&DUORVRVHXOXFURIRLGH
& % ( ' '

D  5 % $ ' ' &
E  5 ( $ & & $
F  5 
G  5
H  5





196 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UNESP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
PROGRESSÕES, LOGARITMOS E EXPONENCIAIS


 8QHVS   (P VHX DUWLJR ³6DO VD~GH H 5LVFRGH
ËQGLFHGH
PRUWH 
GRHQoD´ R PpGLFR FDQFHURORJLVWD 'UiX]LR 9DUHOOD (YHQWR (  /RJQ ULVFRGH(
HPQ
DSRQWD TXH R 0LQLVWpULR GD 6D~GH UHFRPHQGD TXH PRUWHV 
±ORJQ 
D LQJHVWmR GLiULD GH VDO QmR XOWUDSDVVH J HP
$WLQJLGRSRU
TXDQWLGDGH PXLWR DEDL[R GRV J TXH p D PpGLD   
UHOkPSDJR
TXH R EUDVLOHLUR LQJHUH WRGRV RV GLDV (VVD 
UHFRPHQGDomR GR 0LQLVWpULR GD 6D~GH p D PHWD $IRJDPHQWR
HP
 
TXHD2UJDQL]DomR0XQGLDOGD6D~GHHVWDEHOHFHX 
HP
SDUDDWp$OpPGLVVRRPLQLVWpULRHVWLPDTXH +RPLFtGLR  
SDUD FDGD JUDPD GH VDO UHGX]LGR QD LQJHVWmR 
$FLGHQWHGH HP
GLiULD R 686 HFRQRPL]DULD 5   PLOK}HV SRU  
PRWRFLFOHWD 
DQR 'RHQoDVSURYR HP

 
'DGRVH[WUDtGRVGH³6DOVD~GHHGRHQoD´ FDGDVSHORFLJDUUR 
KWWSVGUDX]LRYDUHOODXROFRPEU$GDSWDGR  
 6DEHVHTXHQHVVHEDQFRRtQGLFHGHULVFRGHPRUWH
&RQVLGHUH TXH D LQJHVWmR PpGLD GLiULD GH VDO QR SHODSUiWLFDGRHYHQWRBASE jumping pLJXDOD
%UDVLO UHGX]DVH GH J HP  SDUD  J HP 

GHIRUPDOLQHDUDQRDDQR1HVVHFHQiULRR
686HFRQRPL]DULDDWpRILQDOGRDQRGHXP
YDORUHQWUH

D  5PLOK}HVH5PLOK}HV
E  5PLOK}HVH5PLOK}HV
F  5PLOK}HVH5PLOK}HV
G  5PLOK}HVH5PLOK}HV
H  5PLOK}HVH5PLOK}HV

 

 2 ULVFR GH PRUWH SDUD SUDWLFDQWHV GHVVH HVSRUWH


 8QHVS   8P EDQFR HVWDEHOHFH RV SUHoRV VHJXQGRDDYDOLDomRGREDQFRpGH

GRVVHJXURVGHYLGDGHVHXVFOLHQWHVFRPEDVHQR D 
tQGLFHGHULVFRGRHYHQWRDVVHJXUDGR E 
 F 
$ WDEHOD PRVWUD R FiOFXOR GR tQGLFH GH ULVFR GH G 
FLQFRHYHQWRVGLIHUHQWHV H 


 8QHVS   $ ILJXUD PRVWUD FLQFR UHWkQJXORV MXVWDSRVWRV GH XPD VHTXrQFLD 7RGRV RV UHWkQJXORV
SRVVXHPPHVPDDOWXUDLJXDOD  FP 


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 197


6DEHQGR TXH P  HTXLYDOH D  FP  H TXH D VHTXrQFLD p FRQVWLWXtGD SRU   UHWkQJXORV D ILJXUD
IRUPDGDWHPiUHDLJXDOD

D  P
E  P
F  P
G  P
H  P

 8QHVS  $VHTXrQFLDGHILJXUDVGHVHQKDGDVHPXPD PDOKDTXDGULFXODGDLQGLFDDV WUrVSULPHLUDV
HWDSDVGHIRUPDomRGHXPIUDFWDO&DGDTXDGUDGLQKRGHVVDPDOKDWHPiUHDGHFP




'DGR TXH DV iUHDV GDV ILJXUDV VHJXLQGR R SDGUmR GHVFULWR SRU HVVH IUDFWDO IRUPDP XPD SURJUHVVmR
JHRPpWULFDDiUHDGDILJXUDHPFPVHUiLJXDOD


D 


E 


F 


G 


H 



 8QHVS   2 LEXSURIHQR p XPD PHGLFDomR  8QHVS    $ ILJXUD LQGLFD R HPSLOKDPHQWR
SUHVFULWD SDUD GRU H IHEUH FRP PHLDYLGD GH GH WUrV FDGHLUDV LGrQWLFDV H SHUIHLWDPHQWH
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  KRUDV ,VVR VLJQLILFD TXH SRU HQFDL[DGDVXPDVQDVRXWUDVVHQGR K DDOWXUDGD
H[HPSORGHSRLVGHKRUDVGDLQJHVWmRGHPJ SLOKDHPUHODomRDRFKmR
GH LEXSURIHQR SHUPDQHFHUmR QD FRUUHQWH 
VDQJXtQHD GR SDFLHQWH DSHQDV  PJ GD
PHGLFDomR $SyV PDLV  KRUDV  KRUDV QR WRWDO 
DSHQDV  PJ SHUPDQHFHUmR QD FRUUHQWH
VDQJXtQHDHDVVLPVXFHVVLYDPHQWH

6H XP SDFLHQWH UHFHEH  PJ GH LEXSURIHQR D
FDGD  KRUDVDTXDQWLGDGHGHVVDPHGLFDomRTXH
SHUPDQHFHUi QD FRUUHQWH VDQJXtQHD QD  KRUD
DSyVDLQJHVWmRGDSULPHLUDGRVHVHUi

D  PJ
E  PJ
F  PJ
G  PJ 
H  PJ 

198 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


$ DOWXUD HP UHODomR DR FKmR GH XPD SLOKD GH Q D  ELOK}HV
FDGHLUDV SHUIHLWDPHQWH HQFDL[DGDV XPDV QDV E  TXDWULOK}HV
RXWUDVVHUiLJXDODPVHQIRULJXDOD F  TXLQWLOK}HV

G  PLOK}HV
D  H  WULOK}HV
E  
F   8QHVS   1R DUWLJR ³'HVPDWDPHQWR QD
G  $PD]{QLD %UDVLOHLUD FRP TXH LQWHQVLGDGH YHP
H  RFRUUHQGR"´RSHVTXLVDGRU3KLOLS0)HDUQVLGHGR
 ,13$ VXJHUH FRPR PRGHOR PDWHPiWLFR SDUD R
 8QHVS   $GPLWD TXH R Q~PHUR GH YLVLWDV FiOFXOR GD iUHD GH GHVPDWDPHQWR D IXQomR
GLiULDV D XP VLWH VHMD H[SUHVVR SHOD SRWrQFLD Q   'W '  ˜ HN˜W  HPTXH' W UHSUHVHQWDDiUHDGH
FRP Q VHQGRRtQGLFHGHYLVLWDVDRVLWH6HRVLWH
GHVPDWDPHQWR QR LQVWDQWH W  VHQGR W PHGLGR HP
6  SRVVXL R GREUR GR Q~PHUR GH YLVLWDV GLiULDV GR
DQRV GHVGH R LQVWDQWH LQLFLDO '   D iUHD GH
TXHXPVLWHTXHWHPtQGLFHGHYLVLWDVLJXDOD  R
GHVPDWDPHQWR QR LQVWDQWH LQLFLDO W   H N D WD[D
tQGLFHGHYLVLWDVDRVLWH 6 pLJXDOD PpGLD DQXDO GH GHVPDWDPHQWR GD UHJLmR
 $GPLWLQGR TXH WDO PRGHOR VHMD UHSUHVHQWDWLYR GD
D   UHDOLGDGH TXH D WD[D PpGLD DQXDO GH
E   GHVPDWDPHQWR N  GD $PD]{QLD VHMD  H
F   XVDQGR D DSUR[LPDomR AQ  #   R Q~PHUR GH
G  
DQRV QHFHVViULRV SDUD TXH D iUHD GH
H  
GHVPDWDPHQWR GD $PD]{QLD GREUH VHX YDORU D

SDUWLU GH XP LQVWDQWH LQLFLDO SUHIL[DGR p
 8QHVS   $ ILJXUD LQGLFD R SDGUmR GH XPD
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
VHTXrQFLD GH JUDGHV IHLWDV FRP YLJDV LGrQWLFDV

TXH HVWmR GLVSRVWDV HP SRVLomR KRUL]RQWDO H
D  
YHUWLFDO &DGD YLJD WHP  P  GH FRPSULPHQWR 2
E  
SDGUmR GD VHTXrQFLD VH PDQWpP DWp D ~OWLPD F  
JUDGH TXH p IHLWD FRP R WRWDO GH   PHWURV G  
OLQHDUHVGHYLJDV H  
 
 8QHVS   2 TXH HUD LPSUHVVmR YLURX
HVWDWtVWLFD D FLGDGH GH 6mR 3DXOR HVWi FDGD GLD
PDLV OHQWD 4XHP PRVWUD p D SUySULD &(7
&RPSDQKLD GH (QJHQKDULD GH 7UiIHJR  TXH
 FRQFOXLX XP HVWXGR DQXDO VREUH R WUkQVLWR
SDXOLVWDQR
2V GDGRV GH  DSRQWDP TXH D YHORFLGDGH
PpGLD QRV SULQFLSDLV FRUUHGRUHV YLiULRV GD FLGDGH
 IRLGHNPKQRSLFRGDPDQKmHGHNPK
 QR SLFR GD WDUGH 8PD SLRUD GH  H  HP
2FRPSULPHQWRGRWRWDOGHYLJDVQHFHVViULDVSDUD UHODomRDUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
ID]HUDVHTXrQFLDFRPSOHWDGHJUDGHVHPPHWURV 
IRLGH

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   

 8QHVS   8P WRUQHLR GH IXWHERO VHUi
GLVSXWDGR SRU   HTXLSHV TXH DR ILQDO VHUmR
FODVVLILFDGDV GR ž  DR ž  OXJDU 3DUD HIHLWRV GD
FODVVLILFDomR ILQDO DV UHJUDV GR WRUQHLR LPSHGHP 

TXDOTXHUWLSRGHHPSDWH &DVRDYHORFLGDGHPpGLDGRWUkQVLWRQRVSULQFLSDLV
&RQVLGHUDQGR SDUD RV FiOFXORV ORJ    H FRUUHGRUHV YLiULRV SDXOLVWDQRV FRQWLQXH GHFDLQGR
ORJ    D RUGHP GH JUDQGH]D GR WRWDO GH QRV PHVPRV SHUFHQWXDLV SHORV SUy[LPRV DQRV H
VDEHQGR TXH OQ  |  OQ  |  OQ     H
FODVVLILFDo}HVSRVVtYHLVGDVHTXLSHVQHVVHWRUQHLR
pGH OQ  |   RV DQRV DSUR[LPDGRV HP TXH DV

ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 199


YHORFLGDGHVPpGLDVQRVSLFRVGDPDQKmHGDWDUGH  8QHVS   7RGR Q~PHUR LQWHLUR SRVLWLYR Q
FKHJDUmRjPHWDGHGDTXHODVREVHUYDGDVHP SRGH VHU HVFULWR HP VXD QRWDomR FLHQWtILFD FRPR
VHUmRUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH VHQGRQ N˜[HPTXHN5 dNH[=
 $OpP GLVVR R Q~PHUR GH DOJDULVPRV GH Q p GDGR
D  H SRU [ 
E  H 6DEHQGRTXH ORJ #  RQ~PHURGHDOJDULVPRV
F  H GHp
G  H 
H  H D  
 E  
 8QHVS   $ VRPD GRV Q SULPHLURV WHUPRV F  
GHXPDSURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFDpGDGDSRUQ±Q G  
RQGH Q p XP Q~PHUR QDWXUDO 3DUD HVVD H  
SURJUHVVmR R SULPHLUR WHUPR H D UD]mR VmR 
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH  8QHVS   2 DUWLJR Uma estrada, muitas
 florestas UHODWD SDUWH GR WUDEDOKR GH
D  H UHIORUHVWDPHQWR QHFHVViULR DSyV D FRQVWUXomR GR
E  H WUHFKRVXOGR5RGRDQHOGDFLGDGHGH6mR3DXOR
F  H O engenheiro agrônomo Maycon de Oliveira
G  H mostra uma das árvores, um fumo-bravo, que ele e
H  H sua equipe plantaram em novembro de 2009.
 Nesse tempo, a árvore cresceu – está com quase
 8QHVS   8PD SDUWtFXOD HP PRYLPHQWR 2,5 metros –, floresceu, frutificou e lançou
GHVFUHYH VXD WUDMHWyULD VREUH VHPLFLUFXQIHUrQFLDV sementes que germinaram e formaram
WUDoDGDV D SDUWLU GH XP SRQWR 3   ORFDOL]DGR HP descendentes >@ perto da árvore principal. O
XPD UHWD KRUL]RQWDO U FRP GHVORFDPHQWR VHPSUH fumo-bravo >@ é uma espécie de árvore pioneira,
QR VHQWLGR KRUiULR $ ILJXUD PRVWUD D WUDMHWyULD GD que cresce rapidamente, fazendo sombra para as
SDUWtFXODDWpRSRQWR 3  HP U 1DILJXUD22H espécies de árvores de crescimento mais lento,
2 VmR RV FHQWURV GDV WUrV SULPHLUDV mas de vida mais longa.
5 5 
VHPLFLUFXQIHUrQFLDV WUDoDGDV H 5  VHXV 3HVTXLVD)$3(63MDQHLURGH$GDSWDGR 
  
UHVSHFWLYRVUDLRV




$ WUDMHWyULD UHVXOWDQWH GR PRYLPHQWR GD SDUWtFXOD
VHUi REWLGD UHSHWLQGRVH HVVH FRPSRUWDPHQWR
LQGHILQLGDPHQWH VHQGR R FHQWUR H R UDLR GD
npVLPD VHPLFLUFXQIHUrQFLD GDGRV SRU 2Q H 

5
5Q   UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH DWp R SRQWR 3Q   &RQVLGHUDQGRTXHDUHIHULGDiUYRUHIRLSODQWDGDHP
Q žGHQRYHPEURGHFRPXPDDOWXUDGHGPH
WDPEpP HP U  1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV R FRPSULPHQWR TXH HP  GH RXWXEUR GH  VXD DOWXUD HUD GH
GD WUDMHWyULD GHVFULWD SHOD SDUWtFXOD HP IXQomR GR PHDGPLWLQGRDLQGDTXHVXDVDOWXUDVDRILQDO
UDLR 5 TXDQGR Q WHQGHUDRLQILQLWRVHUiLJXDOD GHFDGDDQRGHSODQWLRQHVWDIDVHGHFUHVFLPHQWR
 IRUPHPXPDSURJUHVVmRJHRPpWULFDDUD]mRGHVWH
FUHVFLPHQWRQRSHUtRGRGHGRLVDQRVIRLGH
D   ˜ Ɏ ˜ 5 

E   ˜ Ɏ ˜ 5  D  
F Q ˜ Ɏ ˜ 5  E   u ±
§· F  
G  ¨ ¸ ˜ Ɏ ˜ 5  G   u 
©¹
H   ˜ Ɏ ˜ 5  H  
 

200 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


 8QHVS (PR,QVWLWXWR%UDVLOHLURGH 6HTXDWURGDGRVF~ELFRVSDGU}HVIRUHPFRORFDGRV
*HRJUDILD H (VWDWtVWLFD ,%*(  UHDOL]RX R ~OWLPR YHUWLFDOPHQWH XP VREUH R RXWUR HP FLPD GH XPD
FHQVR SRSXODFLRQDO EUDVLOHLUR TXH PRVWURX TXH R VXSHUItFLH SODQD KRUL]RQWDO GH IRUPD TXH TXDOTXHU
SDtV SRVVXtD FHUFD GH  PLOK}HV GH KDELWDQWHV REVHUYDGRUWHQKDFRQKHFLPHQWRDSHQDVGRQ~PHUR
6XSRQGRTXHDWD[DGHFUHVFLPHQWRSRSXODFLRQDOGR UHJLVWUDGR QD IDFH KRUL]RQWDO VXSHULRU GR TXDUWR
QRVVR SDtV QmR VH DOWHUH SDUD R SUy[LPR VpFXOR H GDGR SRGHPRV DILUPDU TXH VH QHVVD IDFH HVWLYHU
TXH D SRSXODomR VH HVWDELOL]DUi HP WRUQR GH  UHJLVWUDGRRQ~PHURHQWmRDVRPDGRVQ~PHURV
PLOK}HV GH KDELWDQWHV XP PRGHOR PDWHPiWLFR UHJLVWUDGRV QDV IDFHV KRUL]RQWDLV QmR YLVtYHLV DR
FDSD]GHDSUR[LPDURQ~PHURGHKDELWDQWHV 3 HP REVHUYDGRUVHUiGH
PLOK}HVDFDGDDQR W DSDUWLUGHpGDGRSRU 
 D 
3W ª   ˜ H˜ W  º  E 
¬ ¼ F 


%DVHDGRQHVVHPRGHORHWRPDQGRDDSUR[LPDomR G 
SDUDRORJDULWPRQDWXUDO H 


 8QHVS   'HVHMR WHU SDUD PLQKD
§  ·
,Q ¨ ¸ #   DSRVHQWDGRULD  PLOKmR GH UHDLV 3DUD LVVR IDoR
©  ¹ XPD DSOLFDomR ILQDQFHLUD TXH UHQGH  GH MXURV

DR PrV Mi GHVFRQWDGRV R LPSRVWR GH UHQGD H DV
D SRSXODomR EUDVLOHLUD VHUi  GD VXSRVWD
WD[DVEDQFiULDVUHFRUUHQWHV
SRSXODomR GH HVWDELOL]DomR DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH QR
6H GHVHMR PH DSRVHQWDU DSyV  DQRV FRP
DQRGH
 DSOLFDo}HV PHQVDLV IL[DV H LQLQWHUUXSWDV QHVVH
D   LQYHVWLPHQWR R YDORU DSUR[LPDGR HP UHDLV TXH
E   GHYRGLVSRQLELOL]DUPHQVDOPHQWHp
F   'DGR§

G  
D  
H  
E  

F  
 8QHVS $SyVRQDVFLPHQWRGRILOKRRSDL
G  
FRPSURPHWHXVH D GHSRVLWDU PHQVDOPHQWH HP
H  
XPD FDGHUQHWD GH SRXSDQoD RV YDORUHV GH 
5  5  5  H DVVLP  8QHVS   8P ID]HQGHLUR SODQWRX 
VXFHVVLYDPHQWH DWp R PrV HP TXH R YDORU GR iUYRUHV HP VXD SURSULHGDGH QR SHUtRGR GH 
GHSyVLWRDWLQJLVVH51RPrVVHJXLQWHR PHVHV $ SODQWDomR IRL IHLWD PrV D PrV HP
SDL UHFRPHoDULD RV GHSyVLWRV FRPR GH LQtFLR H SURJUHVVmR DULWPpWLFD 1R SULPHLUR PrV IRUDP
DVVLP R IDULD DWp R ž DQLYHUViULR GR ILOKR 1mR SODQWDGDV [ iUYRUHV QR PrV VHJXLQWH [  U 
WHQGR RFRUULGR IDOKD GH GHSyVLWR DR ORQJR GR iUYRUHV U !  H DVVLP VXFHVVLYDPHQWH VHPSUH
SHUtRGRHVDEHQGRVHTXH RPRQWDQWH SODQWDQGRQRPrVVHJXLQWHUiUYRUHVDPDLVGRTXH
WRWDO GRV GHSyVLWRV HP UHDLV IHLWRV HP FDGHUQHWD QR PrV DQWHULRU 6DEHQGRVH TXH DR WpUPLQR GR
GHSRXSDQoDIRLGH GpFLPR TXLQWR PrV GR LQtFLR GR SODQWLR DLQGD

D   UHVWDYDP  iUYRUHV SDUD VHUHP SODQWDGDV R
E   Q~PHURGHiUYRUHVSODQWDGDVQRSULPHLURPrVIRL

F   D  
G   E  
H   F  
 G  
 8QHVS 7RGRGDGRF~ELFRSDGUmRSRVVXL H  
DVVHJXLQWHVSURSULHGDGHV 
  8QHVS   1R LQtFLR GH MDQHLUR GH 
ƒ 6REUHVXDVIDFHVHVWmRUHJLVWUDGRVRVQ~PHURV )iELR PRQWRX XPD SiJLQD QD LQWHUQHW VREUH
GHDQDIRUPDGHSRQWRV TXHVW}HV GH YHVWLEXODUHV 1R DQR GH  KRXYH
ƒ $ VRPD GRV Q~PHURV UHJLVWUDGRV HP TXDOTXHU  YLVLWDV j SiJLQD 6XSRQGR TXH R Q~PHUR GH
GXDVGHVXDVIDFHVRSRVWDVpVHPSUHLJXDOD YLVLWDV j SiJLQD GXUDQWH R DQR GREURX D FDGD

ELPHVWUHRQ~PHURGHYLVLWDVjSiJLQDGH)iELRQR
SULPHLURELPHVWUHGHIRL

D 
E 
F 
G 
 H 


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 201


 8QHVS   2 QtYHO VRQRUR 1 PHGLGR HP
GHFLEpLV G% HDLQWHQVLGDGH,GHXPVRPPHGLGD
HP ZDWW SRU PHWUR TXDGUDGR :P  HVWmR
UHODFLRQDGRVSHODH[SUHVVmR

  1 ORJ , 

6XSRQKD TXH IRUDP PHGLGRV HP FHUWR ORFDO RV
QtYHLV VRQRURV 1 H 1 GH GRLV UXtGRV FRP
LQWHQVLGDGHV , H , UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH 6HQGR
11 G%DUD]mR,,p

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 8QHVS   (P  GH MXQKR GH  IRL
LQDXJXUDGDXPDSL]]DULDTXHVyDEUHDRVViEDGRV
1R GLD GD LQDXJXUDomR D SL]]DULD UHFHEHX 
IUHJXHVHV$SDUWLUGDtRQ~PHURGHIUHJXHVHVTXH
SDVVDUDP D IUHTXHQWDU D SL]]DULD FUHVFHX HP
SURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFDGHUD]mRDWpTXHDWLQJLXD
FRWD Pi[LPD GH  SHVVRDV D TXDO WHP VH
PDQWLGR2Q~PHURGHViEDGRVTXHVHSDVVDUDP
H[FOXLQGRVHRViEDGRGHLQDXJXUDomRSDUDTXHD
FRWD Pi[LPD GH IUHJXHVHV IRVVH DWLQJLGD SHOD
SULPHLUDYH]IRL

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

GABARITO

% & ' $ %
% ( & ( %
% % ( & &
% ' $ % $
( ' %  


202 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
PROGRESSÕES, LOGARITMOS E EXPONENCIAIS


 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH TXH D E  F  p GHVHPEROVDQGRSHORFXVWRRULJLQDOGDUHIHLomRHP
XPDSURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFDGHQ~PHURVUHDLVHTXH UHDLVDTXDQWLDGH
DVRPDGHVHXVHOHPHQWRVpLJXDOD  2SURGXWR 
GRVHOHPHQWRVGHVVDSURJUHVVmRpLJXDOD D  S  
 E  S  
D    F  S  
E   
G  S  
F   

G   
 8QLFDPS   'RLV DQRV DWUiV FHUWR FDUUR

YDOLD 5   H DWXDOPHQWH YDOH
 8QLFDPS  7HQGRHPYLVWDTXHDHEVmR
Q~PHURVUHDLVSRVLWLYRV D z E FRQVLGHUHDIXQomR 5   6XSRQGR TXH R YDORU GR FDUUR
GHFUHVoDDXPDWD[DDQXDOFRQVWDQWHGDTXLDXP
I [ DE [  GHILQLGDSDUDWRGRQ~PHURUHDO [ /RJR
DQRRYDORUGRFDUURVHUiLJXDOD
I  pLJXDOD 
 D  5  
D I  I    E  5  
E  I  I    F  5  
F  I  I    G  5  
G  I     
  8QLFDPS &RQVLGHUHDVIXQo}HV I [ [ 
 8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD D VHJXLU H[LEH XP H J [ [  GHILQLGDVSDUDWRGRQ~PHURUHDO [ 2
SHQWiJRQR HP TXH TXDWUR ODGRV FRQVHFXWLYRV WrP
FRPSULPHQWRV D E F H G  Q~PHURGHVROXo}HVGDHTXDomR I J [ J I [ p
 LJXDOD

D   
E   
F   
G   

 8QLFDPS   6HMD [  XP Q~PHUR UHDO
   [  Ɏ  WDOTXHDVHTXrQFLD WDQ [ VHF [  p
 XPD SURJUHVVmR DULWPpWLFD 3$  (QWmR D UD]mR
6H D VHTXrQFLD D E F G  p XPD SURJUHVVmR GHVVD3$pLJXDOD
JHRPpWULFDGHUD]mR T !  HQWmR WDQ Ʌ pLJXDOD 
D   

E    
D   T 
F    
E  T 
G    
F T  

G T   8QLFDPS   $ VROXomR GD HTXDomR QD
 YDULiYHOUHDO [  ORJ[ [    pXPQ~PHUR
 8QLFDPS   2V SUHoRV TXH DSDUHFHP QR 
FDUGiSLR GH XP UHVWDXUDQWH Mi LQFOXHP XP D  SULPR
DFUpVFLPRGH  UHIHUHQWHDRWRWDOGHLPSRVWRV E  SDU
1D FRQWD R YDORU D VHU SDJR FRQWpP R DFUpVFLPR F  QHJDWLYR
GH  UHODWLYRDRVVHUYLoRV JRUMHWD 6H RYDORU G  LUUDFLRQDO
WRWDO GD FRQWD IRU S UHDLV R FOLHQWH HVWDUi

ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 203


 8QLFDPS   6H Ƚ Ƚ   Ƚ  p XPD  8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD DEDL[R H[LEH HP
SURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFD 3$ FXMDVRPDGRVWHUPRVp SRUFHQWDJHP D SUHYLVmR GD RIHUWD GH HQHUJLD QR
 HQWmR Ƚ  pLJXDOD %UDVLO HP  VHJXQGR R 3ODQR 1DFLRQDO GH
(QHUJLD
 
D   
E   
F   
G   

 8QLFDPS   $ WDEHOD DEDL[R LQIRUPD
DOJXQV YDORUHV QXWULFLRQDLV SDUD D PHVPD
TXDQWLGDGHGHGRLVDOLPHQWRV$H%

$OLPHQWR $ %
4XDQWLGDGH J J
9DORU(QHUJpWLFR NFDO NFDO
6yGLR PJ PJ
J  J
3URWHtQD

 
&RQVLGHUH GXDV SRUo}HV LVRFDOyULFDV GH PHVPR 6HJXQGR R SODQR HP  D RIHUWD WRWDO GH
YDORU HQHUJpWLFR  GRV DOLPHQWRV $ H % $ UD]mR HQHUJLD GR SDtV LUi DWLQJLU  PLOK}HV GH WHS
HQWUH D TXDQWLGDGH GH SURWHtQD HP $ H D WRQHODGDV HTXLYDOHQWHV GH SHWUyOHR  1HVVH FDVR
TXDQWLGDGHGHSURWHtQDHP%pLJXDOD SRGHPRV SUHYHU TXH D SDUFHOD RULXQGD GH IRQWHV
 UHQRYiYHLVLQGLFDGDHPFLQ]DQDILJXUDHTXLYDOHUi
D    D
E    
F    D  PLOK}HVGHWHS
G    E  PLOK}HVGHWHS
 F  PLOK}HVGHWHS
 8QLFDPS   8PD FRPSUD QR YDORU GH G  PLOK}HVGHWHS
 UHDLV  VHUi SDJD FRP XPD HQWUDGD GH 
 UHDLV HXPDPHQVDOLGDGHGH  UHDLV $WD[D  8QLFDPS   2 SHUtPHWUR GH XP WULkQJXOR
UHWkQJXOR p LJXDO D  P H DV PHGLGDV GRV ODGRV
GHMXURVDSOLFDGDQDPHQVDOLGDGHpLJXDOD
HVWmRHPSURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFD 3$ $iUHDGHVVH

WULkQJXORpLJXDOD
D    
E    D  P
F    E  P
G    F  P
 G  P
 8QLFDPS   3UD]HUHV EHQHItFLRV 
PDOHItFLRV OXFURV FHUFDP R PXQGR GRV  8QLFDPS   $ UD]mR HQWUH D LGDGH GH
UHIULJHUDQWHV5HFHQWHPHQWHXPJUDQGHIDEULFDQWH 
QDFLRQDO DQXQFLRX TXH KDYLD UHGX]LGR HP   PLO 3HGURHDGHVHXSDLpLJXDOD  6HDVRPDGDV

WRQHODGDV R XVR GH Do~FDU QD IDEULFDomR GH VHXV GXDVLGDGHVpLJXDODDQRVHQWmR3HGURWHP
UHIULJHUDQWHV PDV QmR LQIRUPRX HP TXDQWR WHPSR 
LVVR RFRUUHX 2 UyWXOR DWXDO GH XP GH VHXV D  DQRV
UHIULJHUDQWHV LQIRUPD TXH  PO  GR SURGXWR E  DQRV
FRQWrP  J GHDo~FDU8WLOL]DQGRDSHQDVRDo~FDU F  DQRV
³HFRQRPL]DGR´ SHOR UHIHULGR IDEULFDQWH VHULD G  DQRV
SRVVtYHOIDEULFDUDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH 
  8QLFDPS   8PD EDUUD FLOtQGULFD p
D   PLOK}HVGHOLWURVGHUHIULJHUDQWH DTXHFLGD D XPD WHPSHUDWXUD GH ƒ& (P
E   ELOK}HVGHOLWURVGHUHIULJHUDQWH VHJXLGD p H[SRVWD D XPD FRUUHQWH GH DU D ƒ&
6DEHVH TXH D WHPSHUDWXUD QR FHQWUR GR FLOLQGUR
F   PLOK}HVGHOLWURVGHUHIULJHUDQWH YDULDGHDFRUGRFRPDIXQomR
G   PLOK}HVGHOLWURVGHUHIULJHUDQWH 

7 W 7  7$5 u   W   7$5 

 

204 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


VHQGR W R WHPSR HP PLQXWRV 7 D WHPSHUDWXUD 6H R VHJPHQWR LQLFLDO PHGH  FP R FRPSULPHQWR
LQLFLDOH7$5DWHPSHUDWXUDGRDU&RPHVVDIXQomR GDFXUYDREWLGDQDVH[WDILJXUDpLJXDOD
FRQFOXtPRV TXH R WHPSR UHTXHULGR SDUD TXH D 
WHPSHUDWXUD QR FHQWUR DWLQMD ƒ& p GDGR SHOD §  ·
VHJXLQWHH[SUHVVmRFRPRORJQDEDVH D ¨ ¸ FP 
 ©  ¹
D   ª¬ORJ   º¼ PLQXWRV §  ·
E ¨ ¸ FP 
©  ¹
E   ª¬  ORJ  º¼ PLQXWRV

§·
F  ORJ  PLQXWRV F ¨  ¸ FP 
© ¹
G ª¬  ORJ  º¼  PLQXWRV 
§·
 G  ¨ ¸ FP 
 8QLFDPS 3DUDUHSRURWHRUGHVyGLRQR ©¹
FRUSR KXPDQR R LQGLYtGXR GHYH LQJHULU 
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  PJ GH VyGLR SRU GLD  8QLFDPS 2FRUSRKXPDQRpFRPSRVWR
&RQVLGHUHTXHGHWHUPLQDGRUHIULJHUDQWHGHP/ PDMRULWDULDPHQWH SRU iJXD FXMD SRUFHQWDJHP HP
FRQWpP  PJ GH VyGLR ,QJHULQGRVH  P/ PDVVDSRGHYDULDUHQWUHTXDQGRVHQDVFHH
GHVVH UHIULJHUDQWH HP XP GLD TXDO p D  TXDQGR VH PRUUH RX VHMD SHUGHVH iJXD
SRUFHQWDJHP GH VyGLR FRQVXPLGD HP UHODomR jV HQTXDQWRVHHQYHOKHFH&RQVLGHUHTXHDRVDQRV
QHFHVVLGDGHVGLiULDV" GH LGDGH  GR FRUSR KXPDQR p iJXD H TXH
 WRGRRR[LJrQLRGRFRUSRKXPDQRVHMDRGDiJXDDt
D   SUHVHQWH 1HVVH FDVR SRGHVH DILUPDU TXH D
E   SURSRUomR HP PDVVD GH R[LJrQLR QR FRUSR p GH
F   DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
G   


 8QLFDPS   8P DXWRPyYHO IRL DQXQFLDGR D 
FRPXPILQDQFLDPHQWR³WD[D]HUR´SRU5 
YLQWH H TXDWUR PLO UHDLV  TXH SRGHULDP VHU SDJRV 
E 
HP GR]H SDUFHODV LJXDLV H VHP HQWUDGD 3DUD 
HIHWLYDU D FRPSUD SDUFHODGD QR HQWDQWR R 
FRQVXPLGRUSUHFLVDULDSDJDU5 VHWHFHQWRV F 

H YLQWH UHDLV  SDUD FREULU GHVSHVDV GR FDGDVWUR
'HVVD IRUPD HP UHODomR DR YDORU DQXQFLDGR R 
G 
FRPSUDGRUSDJDUiXPDFUpVFLPR 


D LQIHULRUD 7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2
E HQWUHH 
F HQWUHH +HPiFLDVGHXPDQLPDOIRUDPFRORFDGDVHPPHLR
G VXSHULRUD GH FXOWXUD HP YiULRV IUDVFRV FRP GLIHUHQWHV

 8QLFDPS 3DUDFRQVWUXLUXPDFXUYD³IORFR FRQFHQWUDo}HV GDV VXEVWkQFLDV $ H % PDUFDGDV
GHQHYH´GLYLGHVHXPVHJPHQWRGHUHWD )LJXUD  FRP LVyWRSR GH KLGURJrQLR 'HVVD IRUPD RV
HP WUrV SDUWHV LJXDLV (P VHJXLGD R VHJPHQWR SHVTXLVDGRUHV SXGHUDP DFRPSDQKDU D HQWUDGD
FHQWUDO VRIUH XPD URWDomR GH ž H DFUHVFHQWDVH GHVVDVVXEVWkQFLDVQDVKHPiFLDVFRPRPRVWUDR
XP QRYR VHJPHQWR GH PHVPR FRPSULPHQWR GRV JUiILFRDSUHVHQWDGRDVHJXLU
GHPDLVFRPRRTXHDSDUHFHWUDFHMDGRQD)LJXUD 
1DV HWDSDV VHJXLQWHV R PHVPR SURFHGLPHQWR p
DSOLFDGRDFDGDVHJPHQWRGDOLQKDSROLJRQDOFRPR
HVWiLOXVWUDGRQDV)LJXUDVH


 

ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 205


 8QLFDPS   6HMD [ D FRQFHQWUDomR GH 
W
VXEVWkQFLD%QRPHLRH[WUDFHOXODUH\DYHORFLGDGH D 0W   
GHWUDQVSRUWH2EVHUYDQGRVHRIRUPDWRGDFXUYD% W

H RV YDORUHV GH [ H \ HP GHWHUPLQDGRV SRQWRV E 0W   
SRGHPRV FRQFOXLU TXH D IXQomR TXH PHOKRU
W
UHODFLRQDHVVDVGXDVJUDQGH]DVp 
 
 F 0W 
  ORJ [ 
W
D \  G 0W   

E  \   ORJ [    
 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH WUrV PRGHORV GH

F \   [  WHOHYLVRUHV GH WHOD SODQD FXMDV GLPHQV}HV
 DSUR[LPDGDV VmR IRUQHFLGDV QD WDEHOD D VHJXLU
G  \  [   DFRPSDQKDGDVGRVSUHoRVGRVDSDUHOKRV
 
 8QLFDPS   1R FHQWUR GH XP PRVDLFR /DUJXUD $OWXUD 3UHoR
0RGHOR
IRUPDGR DSHQDV SRU SHTXHQRV ODGULOKRV XP DUWLVWD FP  FP  5 
FRORFRX  ODGULOKRV FLQ]D (P WRUQR GRV ODGULOKRV ¶¶   
FHQWUDLVRDUWLVWDFRORFRXXPDFDPDGDGHODGULOKRV ¶¶   
EUDQFRV VHJXLGD SRU XPD FDPDGD GH ODGULOKRV ¶¶   
FLQ]DHDVVLPVXFHVVLYDPHQWHDOWHUQDQGRFDPDGDV 
GHODGULOKRVEUDQFRVHFLQ]DFRPRLOXVWUDDILJXUDD &RP EDVH QD WDEHOD SRGHVH DILUPDU TXH R SUHoR
VHJXLU TXH PRVWUD DSHQDV D SDUWH FHQWUDO GR SRUXQLGDGHGHiUHDGDWHOD
PRVDLFR 2EVHUYDQGR D ILJXUD SRGHPRV FRQFOXLU 
TXHDFDPDGDGHODGULOKRVFLQ]DFRQWpP D  DXPHQWD j PHGLGD TXH DV GLPHQV}HV GRV
 DSDUHOKRVDXPHQWDP
E  SHUPDQHFH FRQVWDQWH GR SULPHLUR SDUD R
VHJXQGRPRGHORHDXPHQWDGRVHJXQGRSDUD
RWHUFHLUR
F  DXPHQWD GR SULPHLUR SDUD R VHJXQGR PRGHOR
H SHUPDQHFH FRQVWDQWH GR VHJXQGR SDUD R
WHUFHLUR
G  SHUPDQHFHFRQVWDQWH

 8QLFDPS   8P GHWHUPLQDGR FLGDGmR
UHFHEHXPVDOiULREUXWRGH5SRUPrVH
JDVWD FHUFD GH 5  SRU PrV FRP HVFROD
VXSHUPHUFDGRSODQRGHVD~GHHWF8PDSHVTXLVD
 UHFHQWH PRVWURX TXH XPD SHVVRD FRP HVVH SHUILO
 WHP VHX VDOiULR EUXWR WULEXWDGR HP  H SDJD
D  ODGULOKRV  GH WULEXWRV VREUH R YDORU GRV SURGXWRV H
E  ODGULOKRV VHUYLoRV TXH FRQVRPH 1HVVH FDVR R SHUFHQWXDO
F  ODGULOKRV WRWDO GR VDOiULR PHQVDO JDVWR FRP WULEXWRV p GH
G  ODGULOKRV FHUFDGH
 
 8QLFDPS (PXPD[tFDUDTXHMiFRQWpP D  
FHUWD TXDQWLGDGH GH Do~FDU GHVSHMDVH FDIp $ E  
FXUYD D VHJXLU UHSUHVHQWD D IXQomR H[SRQHQFLDO F  
0 W  TXH IRUQHFH D TXDQWLGDGH GH Do~FDU QmR G  
GLVVROYLGR HP JUDPDV  W PLQXWRV DSyV R FDIp VHU 
GHVSHMDGR3HORJUiILFRSRGHPRVFRQFOXLUTXH 7(;723$5$$35Ï;,0$48(67­2
 
$FLGHQWHV GH WUkQVLWR FDXVDP PLOKDUHV GH PRUWHV
WRGRV RV DQRV QDV HVWUDGDV GR SDtV 3QHXV
GHVJDVWDGRV ³FDUHFDV´  IUHLRV HP SpVVLPDV
FRQGLo}HVHH[FHVVRGHYHORFLGDGHVmRIDWRUHVTXH
FRQWULEXHP SDUD HOHYDU R Q~PHUR GH DFLGHQWHV GH
WUkQVLWR

 8QLFDPS   3DUD WURFDU RV SQHXV GH XP
FDUUR p SUHFLVR ILFDU DWHQWR DR FyGLJR GH WUrV
Q~PHURV TXH HOHV WrP JUDYDGR QD ODWHUDO 2


206 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


SULPHLUR GHVVHV Q~PHURV IRUQHFH D ODUJXUD /  GR
SQHX HP PLOtPHWURV 2 VHJXQGR FRUUHVSRQGH j
UD]mR HQWUH D DOWXUD +  H D ODUJXUD /  GR SQHX
PXOWLSOLFDGDSRU-iRWHUFHLURLQGLFDRGLkPHWUR
LQWHUQR $ GRSQHXHPSROHJDGDV$ILJXUDDEDL[R
PRVWUD XP FRUWH YHUWLFDO GH XPD URGD SDUD TXH
VHMD SRVVtYHO D LGHQWLILFDomR GH VXDV GLPHQV}HV
SULQFLSDLV




6XSRQKD TXH RV SQHXV GH XP FDUUR WrP R FyGLJR
5 6DEHQGR TXH XPD SROHJDGD
FRUUHVSRQGH D  PP SRGHVH FRQFOXLU TXH R
GLkPHWURH[WHUQR ' GHVVHVSQHXVPHGH

D  PP
E  PP
F  PP
G  PP

GABARITO

& $ $ % $
& ' $ $ &
% $ ' & &
& ' % & %
& ' $ ' '
&    


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 207


ANTÍGENO ENEM (2.º DIA)

MATEMÁTICA
PROGRESSÕES, LOGARITMOS E EXPONENCIAIS


 (QHP33/ (PXPDFRUULGDGHUHJXODULGDGHFDGDFRUUHGRUUHFHEHXPPDSDFRPRWUDMHWRDVHU
VHJXLGR HXPD WDEHOD LQGLFDQGR LQWHUYDORVGH WHPSR H GLVWkQFLDVHQWUH SRVWRVGH DYHULJXDomR 2 REMHWLYR
GRV FRPSHWLGRUHV p SDVVDU SRU FDGD XP GRV SRVWRV GH DYHULJXDomR R PDLV SUy[LPR SRVVtYHO GR WHPSR
HVWDEHOHFLGR QD WDEHOD 6XSRQKD TXH R WHPSR SUHYLVWR SDUD SHUFRUUHU D GLVWkQFLD HQWUH GRLV SRVWRV GH
YHULILFDomR FRQVHFXWLYRV VHMD VHPSUH GH  PLQ  V  H TXH XP FRUUHGRU REWHYH RV VHJXLQWHV WHPSRV QRV
TXDWURSULPHLURVSRVWRV

 žSRVWR žSRVWR žSRVWR
7HPSRSUHYLVWR  PLQ  V   PLQ  V   PLQ  V 
7HPSRREWLGRSHORFRUUHGRU  PLQ  V   PLQ  V   PLQ  V 

 žSRVWR  ÒOWLPRSRVWR ILQDOGRWUDMHWR 
7HPSRSUHYLVWR PLQ  V   K PLQ  V 
7HPSRREWLGRSHORFRUUHGRU PLQ  V   

&DVRHVVHFRUUHGRUFRQVLJDPDQWHURPHVPRULWPRVHXWHPSRWRWDOGHFRUULGDVHUi

D  K PLQ  V 
E  K PLQ  V 
F  K PLQ  V 
G   K PLQ  V 
H   K PLQ  V 


 (QHP   2 VORJDQ ³6H EHEHU QmR GLULMD´ &RP EDVH QD VLWXDomR DSUHVHQWDGD R Q~PHUR GH
PXLWR XWLOL]DGR HP FDPSDQKDV SXEOLFLWiULDV QR DFLGHQWHVHVSHUDGRVQHVVDURGRYLDHPIRLGH
%UDVLOFKDPDDDWHQomRSDUDRJUDYHSUREOHPDGD 
LQJHVWmRGHEHELGDDOFRyOLFDSRUPRWRULVWDVHVXDV D   
FRQVHTXrQFLDV SDUD R WUkQVLWR $ JUDYLGDGH GHVVH E   
SUREOHPD SRGH VHU SHUFHELGD REVHUYDQGR FRPR R F   
DVVXQWR p WUDWDGR SHOR &yGLJR GH 7UkQVLWR G   
%UDVLOHLUR (P  D TXDQWLGDGH Pi[LPD GH
H   
iOFRRO SHUPLWLGD QR VDQJXH GR FRQGXWRU GH XP

YHtFXORTXHMiHUDSHTXHQDIRLUHGX]LGDHRYDORU
 (QHP33/ 8PDSHVVRDIH]XPGHSyVLWR
GD PXOWD SDUD PRWRULVWDV DOFRROL]DGRV IRL
DXPHQWDGR (P FRQVHTXrQFLD GHVVDV PXGDQoDV LQLFLDO GH 5   HP XP )XQGR GH
REVHUYRXVH TXHGD QR Q~PHUR GH DFLGHQWHV ,QYHVWLPHQWRV TXH SRVVXL UHQGLPHQWR FRQVWDQWH
UHJLVWUDGRVHPXPDVXSRVWDURGRYLDQRVDQRVTXH VRE MXURV FRPSRVWRV GH   DR PrV (VVH )XQGR
VH VHJXLUDP jV PXGDQoDV LPSODQWDGDV HP  SRVVXL FLQFR SODQRV GH FDUrQFLD WHPSR PtQLPR
FRQIRUPHGDGRVQRTXDGUR QHFHVViULR GH UHQGLPHQWR GR )XQGR VHP
 PRYLPHQWDomRGRFOLHQWH 2VSODQRVVmR
$QR    
1~PHUR WRWDO GH ƒ 3ODQR$FDUrQFLDGH  PHVHV
     
DFLGHQWHV ƒ 3ODQR%FDUrQFLDGH  PHVHV
 ƒ 3ODQR&FDUrQFLDGH  PHVHV
6XSRQKD TXH D WHQGrQFLD GH UHGXomR QR Q~PHUR ƒ 3ODQR'FDUrQFLDGH  PHVHV
GH DFLGHQWHV QHVVD URGRYLD SDUD RV DQRV ƒ 3ODQR(FDUrQFLDGH  PHVHV
VXEVHTXHQWHV VHMD LJXDO j UHGXomR DEVROXWD 
REVHUYDGDGHSDUD

208 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


2 REMHWLYR GHVVD SHVVRD p GHL[DU HVVD DSOLFDomR  (QHP &KDUOHV5LFKWHUH%HQR*XWHQEHUJ
UHQGHQGR DWp TXH R YDORU LQLFLDOPHQWH DSOLFDGR GHVHQYROYHUDP D HVFDOD 5LFKWHU TXH PHGH D
GXSOLTXH TXDQGR VRPDGR DRV MXURV GR IXQGR PDJQLWXGH GH XP WHUUHPRWR (VVD HVFDOD SRGH
&RQVLGHUH DV DSUR[LPDo}HV ORJ   H YDULDU GH  D  FRP SRVVLELOLGDGHV GH YDORUHV
ORJ   PDLRUHV 2 TXDGUR PRVWUD D HVFDOD GH PDJQLWXGH
ORFDO 06  GH XP WHUUHPRWR TXH p XWLOL]DGD SDUD
 GHVFUHYrOR
3DUD TXH HVVD SHVVRD DWLQMD VHX REMHWLYR DSHQDV 
QRSHUtRGRGHFDUrQFLDPDVFRPDPHQRUFDUrQFLD
'HVFULomR 0DJQLWXGHORFDO 06  PP˜+] 
SRVVtYHOGHYHUiRSWDUSHORSODQR
 3HTXHQR  d 06 d  
D  $ /LJHLUR  d 06 d  
E  % 0RGHUDGR  d 06 d  
F  &
G  ' *UDQGH  d 06 d  
H  ( ([WUHPR 06 t  
 
 (QHP 33/   $OJXQV PRGHORV GH UiGLRV 3DUD VH FDOFXODU D PDJQLWXGH ORFDO XVDVH D
DXWRPRWLYRV HVWmR SURWHJLGRV SRU XP FyGLJR GH IyUPXOD 06    ORJ $ ˜ I  HP TXH $
VHJXUDQoD3DUDDWLYDURVLVWHPDGHiXGLRGHYHVH UHSUHVHQWDDDPSOLWXGHPi[LPDGDRQGDUHJLVWUDGD
GLJLWDU R FyGLJR VHFUHWR FRPSRVWR SRU TXDWUR SRU XP VLVPyJUDIR HP PLFU{PHWUR ɊP  H I
DOJDULVPRV1RSULPHLURFDVRGHHUURQDGLJLWDomR
DSHVVRDGHYHHVSHUDU  VHJXQGRVSDUDGLJLWDUR UHSUHVHQWD D IUHTXrQFLD GD RQGD HP KHUW] +]  
FyGLJRQRYDPHQWH2WHPSRGHHVSHUDGXSOLFDHP 2FRUUHX XP WHUUHPRWR FRP DPSOLWXGH Pi[LPD GH
UHODomR DR WHPSR GH HVSHUD DQWHULRU D FDGD PPHIUHTXrQFLDGH+]

GLJLWDomR HUUDGD 8PD SHVVRD FRQVHJXLX DWLYDU R
'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSFHMDUMFHFLHUMHGXEU
UiGLR VRPHQWH QD TXDUWD WHQWDWLYD VHQGR GH   $FHVVRHPIHY DGDSWDGR 
VHJXQGRV R WHPSR JDVWR SDUD GLJLWDomR GR FyGLJR 
VHFUHWR D FDGD WHQWDWLYD 1RV FDVRV GD GLJLWDomR 8WLOL]HFRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD ORJ 
LQFRUUHWD HOD LQLFLRX D QRYD WHQWDWLYD 
LPHGLDWDPHQWH DSyV D OLEHUDomR GR VLVWHPD GH 'H DFRUGR FRP RV GDGRV IRUQHFLGRV R WHUUHPRWR
HVSHUD RFRUULGRSRGHVHUGHVFULWRFRPR
 
2WHPSRWRWDOHPVHJXQGRJDVWRSRUHVVDSHVVRD D  3HTXHQR
SDUDDWLYDURUiGLRIRLLJXDOD E  /LJHLUR
 F  0RGHUDGR
D   G  *UDQGH
E   H  ([WUHPR
F   
G    (QHP   $ SUHIHLWXUD GH XP SHTXHQR
H   PXQLFtSLR GR LQWHULRU GHFLGH FRORFDU SRVWHV SDUD
 LOXPLQDomR DR ORQJR GH XPD HVWUDGD UHWLOtQHD TXH
 (QHP   8PD SHVVRD VH LQWHUHVVRX HP LQLFLDHPXPDSUDoDFHQWUDOHWHUPLQDQXPDID]HQGD
DGTXLULU XP SURGXWR DQXQFLDGR HP XPD ORMD QD]RQDUXUDO&RPRDSUDoDMiSRVVXLLOXPLQDomRR
1HJRFLRX FRP R JHUHQWH H FRQVHJXLX FRPSUiOR D SULPHLURSRVWHVHUiFRORFDGRD  PHWURVGDSUDoD
XPD WD[D GH MXURV FRPSRVWRV GH   DR PrV 2 RVHJXQGRD  PHWURVRWHUFHLURDPHWURV
SULPHLURSDJDPHQWRVHUiXPPrVDSyVDDTXLVLomR HDVVLPVXFHVVLYDPHQWHPDQWHQGRVHVHPSUHXPD
GR SURGXWR H QR YDORU GH 5   2 VHJXQGR GLVWkQFLDGHYLQWHPHWURVHQWUHRVSRVWHVDWpTXHR
SDJDPHQWRVHUiHIHWXDGRXPPrVDSyVRSULPHLUR ~OWLPR SRVWH VHMD FRORFDGR D XPD GLVWkQFLD GH
H WHUi R YDORU GH 5   3DUD FRQFUHWL]DU D PHWURVGDSUDoD
FRPSUD R JHUHQWH HPLWLUi XPD QRWD ILVFDO FRP R 
YDORU GR SURGXWR j YLVWD QHJRFLDGR FRP R FOLHQWH 6H D SUHIHLWXUD SRGH SDJDU QR Pi[LPR 5
FRUUHVSRQGHQGRDRILQDQFLDPHQWRDSURYDGR  SRU SRVWH FRORFDGR R PDLRU YDORU TXH
 SRGHUiJDVWDUFRPDFRORFDomRGHVVHVSRVWHVp

2 YDORU j YLVWD HP UHDO TXH GHYHUi FRQVWDU QD
QRWDILVFDOpGH D 5  
 E 5  
D   F 5  
E  
G 5  
F  
G   H 5  
H  

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 209


 (QHP   7RUQHLRV GH WrQLV HP JHUDO VmR  (QHP   8P TXHEUDFDEHoD FRQVLVWH HP
GLVSXWDGRV HP VLVWHPD GH HOLPLQDWyULD VLPSOHV UHFREULU XP TXDGUDGR FRP WULkQJXORV UHWkQJXORV
1HVVHVLVWHPDVmRGLVSXWDGDVSDUWLGDVHQWUHGRLV LVyVFHOHVFRPRLOXVWUDDILJXUD
FRPSHWLGRUHV FRP D HOLPLQDomR GR SHUGHGRU H 

SURPRomRGRYHQFHGRUSDUDDIDVHVHJXLQWH'HVVD
IRUPD VH QD  IDVH R WRUQHLR FRQWD FRP Q
FRPSHWLGRUHV HQWmR QD  IDVH UHVWDUmR Q 
FRPSHWLGRUHV H DVVLP VXFHVVLYDPHQWH DWp D
SDUWLGDILQDO

(P XP WRUQHLR GH WrQLV GLVSXWDGR QHVVH VLVWHPD
SDUWLFLSDP  WHQLVWDV

3DUDVHGHILQLURFDPSHmRGHVVHWRUQHLRRQ~PHUR 
GHSDUWLGDVQHFHVViULDVpGDGRSRU 8PDDUWHVmFRQIHFFLRQDXPTXHEUDFDEHoDFRPRR
 GHVFULWRGHWDOPRGRTXHDPHQRUGDVSHoDVpXP
D   u   WULkQJXOR UHWkQJXOR LVyVFHOHV FXMRV FDWHWRV PHGHP
E              FP
F                    2 TXHEUDFDEHoD TXDQGR PRQWDGR UHVXOWDUi HP
G                  XPTXDGUDGRFXMDPHGLGDGRODGRHPFHQWtPHWURp

H               
D 

E 

 F   
 G     
 H     


 (QHP 33/   1D P~VLFD XVDPVH VLQDLV JUiILFRV FKDPDGRV ILJXUDV GH GXUDomR SDUD LQGLFDU SRU
TXDQWRWHPSRVHGHYHHPLWLUGHWHUPLQDGRVRP
$VILJXUDVGHGXUDomRXVDGDVDWXDOPHQWHVmRVHPLEUHYHPtQLPDVHPtQLPDFROFKHLDVHPLFROFKHLDIXVDH
VHPLIXVD
(VVDV ILJXUDV QmR SRVVXHP XP YDORU WHPSR  IL[R (ODV VmR SURSRUFLRQDLV HQWUH VL $ GXUDomR GH XPD
VHPLEUHYHpHTXLYDOHQWHjGHGXDVPtQLPDVDGXUDomRGHXPDPtQLPDpHTXLYDOHQWHjGHGXDVVHPtQLPDV
DGXUDomRGHXPDVHPtQLPDHTXLYDOHjGHGXDVFROFKHLDVHDVVLPSRUGLDQWHVHJXLQGRDRUGHPGDGD
&RQVLGHUHTXHDVHPLEUHYHWHPDGXUDomRGHWHPSRGHXPDXQLGDGH




$VHTXrQFLDTXHLQGLFDDGXUDomRGHWHPSRGHXPDPtQLPDGHXPDVHPtQLPDGHXPDFROFKHLDGHXPD
VHPLFROFKHLDGHXPDIXVDHGHXPDVHPLIXVDp

D        
E        
    
F       
    
     
G      
     
     
H      
     









210 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA



 (QHP 33/   (P PDUoR GH  XP  (QHP   &RP R DYDQoR HP FLrQFLD GD
WHUUHPRWR GH  JUDXV GH PDJQLWXGH QD HVFDOD FRPSXWDomR HVWDPRV SUy[LPRV GR PRPHQWR HP
5LFKWHU DWLQJLX R -DSmR PDWDQGR PLOKDUHV GH TXHRQ~PHURGHWUDQVLVWRUHVQRSURFHVVDGRUGHXP
SHVVRDV H FDXVDQGR JUDQGH GHVWUXLomR (P FRPSXWDGRU SHVVRDO VHUi GD PHVPD RUGHP GH
MDQHLUR GDTXHOH DQR XP WHUUHPRWR GH  JUDXV JUDQGH]D TXH R Q~PHUR GH QHXU{QLRV HP XP
QD HVFDOD 5LFKWHU DWLQJLX D FLGDGH GH 6DQWLDJR FpUHEURKXPDQRTXHpGDRUGHPGHELOK}HV
'HO (VWHUR QD $UJHQWLQD $ PDJQLWXGH GH XP 8PD GDV JUDQGH]DV GHWHUPLQDQWHV SDUD R
WHUUHPRWR PHGLGD SHOD HVFDOD 5LFKWHU p GHVHPSHQKRGHXPSURFHVVDGRUpDGHQVLGDGHGH
§ $ · WUDQVLVWRUHV TXH p R Q~PHUR GH WUDQVLVWRUHV SRU
5 ORJ ¨ ¸   HP TXH $  p D DPSOLWXGH GR FHQWtPHWUR TXDGUDGR (P  XPD HPSUHVD
© $ ¹ IDEULFDYD XP SURFHVVDGRU FRQWHQGR 

PRYLPHQWR YHUWLFDO GR VROR LQIRUPDGR HP XP WUDQVLVWRUHV GLVWULEXtGRV HP  FP GH iUHD
VLVPyJUDIR $ pXPDDPSOLWXGHGHUHIHUrQFLDH 'HVGH HQWmR R Q~PHUR GH WUDQVLVWRUHV SRU
ORJ UHSUHVHQWDRORJDULWPRQDEDVH FHQWtPHWUR TXDGUDGR TXH VH SRGH FRORFDU HP XP
 SURFHVVDGRUGREUDDFDGDGRLVDQRV /HLGH0RRUH  

'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSHDUWKTXDNHXVJVJRY 'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZSRFNHWOLQWFRP
$FHVVRHPIHY DGDSWDGR  $FHVVRHPGH] DGDSWDGR 
 

$ UD]mR HQWUH DV DPSOLWXGHV GRV PRYLPHQWRV &RQVLGHUHFRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD ORJ  



YHUWLFDLVGRVWHUUHPRWRVGR-DSmRHGD$UJHQWLQDp (P TXH DQR D HPSUHVD DWLQJLX RX DWLQJLUi D
 GHQVLGDGHGH  ELOK}HVGHWUDQVLVWRUHV"
D   
E   D  
 E  
F   F  
G   G  
H      H  
 
 (QHP   8P FRQWUDWR GH HPSUpVWLPR  (QHP33/ 8PDHPSUHVDGHHQWUHJDV
SUHYr TXH TXDQGR XPD SDUFHOD p SDJD GH IRUPD SUHVWD VHUYLoRV SDUD RXWUDV HPSUHVDV TXH
DQWHFLSDGD FRQFHGHUVHi XPD UHGXomR GH MXURV IDEULFDP H YHQGHP SURGXWRV 2V IDEULFDQWHV GRV
GH DFRUGR FRP R SHUtRGRGH DQWHFLSDomR 1HVVH SURGXWRV SRGHP FRQWUDWDU XP HQWUH GRLV SODQRV
FDVR SDJDVH R YDORU SUHVHQWH TXH p R YDORU RIHUHFLGRVSHODHPSUHVDTXHID]DVHQWUHJDV1R
QDTXHOH PRPHQWR GH XPD TXDQWLD TXH GHYHULD SODQR $ FREUDVH XPD WD[D IL[D PHQVDO QR YDORU
VHUSDJDHPXPDGDWDIXWXUD8PYDORUSUHVHQWH GH5DOpPGHXPDWDULIDGH5SRU
FDGD TXLORJUDPD HQYLDGR SDUD TXDOTXHU GHVWLQR
3 VXEPHWLGR D MXURV FRPSRVWRV FRP WD[D L  SRU
GHQWURGDiUHDGHFREHUWXUD 1RSODQR%FREUD
XP SHUtRGR GH WHPSR Q  SURGX] XP YDORU IXWXUR VH XPD WD[D IL[D PHQVDO QR YDORU GH 5 
9 GHWHUPLQDGRSHODIyUPXOD SRUpPDWDULIDSRUFDGDTXLORJUDPDHQYLDGRVREH
 SDUD 5  &HUWR IDEULFDQWH KDYLD GHFLGLGR
9 3 ˜  L Q  FRQWUDWDURSODQR$SRUXPSHUtRGRGH  PHVHV
 &RQWXGR DR SHUFHEHU TXH HOH SUHFLVDUi HQYLDU
(P XP FRQWUDWR GH HPSUpVWLPR FRP VHVVHQWD DSHQDV  TXLORJUDPDV GH PHUFDGRULD GXUDQWH
SDUFHODVIL[DVPHQVDLVGH5DXPDWD[D WRGRRSHUtRGRHOHUHVROYHXFRQWUDWDURSODQR%
GHMXURVGHDRPrVMXQWRFRPDWULJpVLPD 4XDO DOWHUQDWLYD DYDOLD FRUUHWDPHQWH D GHFLVmR
SDUFHOD VHUi SDJD DQWHFLSDGDPHQWH XPD RXWUD ILQDOGRIDEULFDQWHGHFRQWUDWDURSODQR%"
SDUFHOD GHVGH TXH R GHVFRQWR VHMD VXSHULRU D 

GRYDORUGDSDUFHOD D  $ GHFLVmR IRL ERD SDUD R IDEULFDQWH SRLV R


SODQR%FXVWDUiDRWRGR5DPHQRV
§·
8WLOL]H  FRPR DSUR[LPDomR SDUD "Q ¨ ¸  H GRTXHRSODQR$FXVWDULD
©¹ E  $ GHFLVmR IRL ERD SDUD R IDEULFDQWH SRLV R
FRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD "Q    SODQR % FXVWDUi DR WRGR 5  D
 PHQRVGRTXHRSODQR$FXVWDULD
$ SULPHLUD GDV SDUFHODV TXH SRGHUi VHU F  $ GHFLVmR IRL UXLP SDUD R IDEULFDQWH SRLV R
DQWHFLSDGDMXQWRFRPDpD SODQR%FXVWDUiDRWRGR5DPDLV
 GRTXHRSODQR$FXVWDULD
D   G  $ GHFLVmR IRL UXLP SDUD R IDEULFDQWH SRLV R
E   SODQR%FXVWDUiDRWRGR5DPDLV
F   GRTXHRSODQR$FXVWDULD
G   H  $ GHFLVmR IRL UXLP SDUD R IDEULFDQWH SRLV R
H   SODQR%FXVWDUiDRWRGR5DPDLV
 GRTXHRSODQR$FXVWDULD

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 211


 (QHP   3DUD UHDOL]DU D YLDJHP GRV 6H QHFHVViULR XWLOL]H  FRPR DSUR[LPDomR
VRQKRV XPD SHVVRD SUHFLVDYD ID]HU XP SDUD ORJ    FRPR DSUR[LPDomR SDUD
HPSUpVWLPRQRYDORUGH 5  3DUDSDJDU ORJ  FRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD ORJ  
DVSUHVWDo}HVGLVS}HGHQRPi[LPR 5   'HDFRUGRFRPDIyUPXODGDGDRPHQRUQ~PHUR
PHQVDLV3DUDHVVHYDORUGHHPSUpVWLPRRYDORU GH SDUFHODV FXMRV YDORUHV QmR FRPSURPHWHP R
GD SUHVWDomR 3  p FDOFXODGR HP IXQomR GR OLPLWHGHILQLGRSHODSHVVRDp
Q~PHURGHSUHVWDo}HV Q VHJXQGRDIyUPXOD 
D  

E  
 u Q u  F  
3 
Q   G  
 H  



 (QHP33/ 1DVLQIRUPDo}HVYHLFXODGDVQRVyUJmRGHFRPXQLFDomRTXDQGRGDRFRUUrQFLDGHXP
WHUUHPRWRID]VHUHIHUrQFLDjPDJQLWXGH 0  TXHVHUHIHUHDTXDQWRVJUDXVRIHQ{PHQRDWLQJLXQDHVFDOD
5LFKWHU(VVDPHGLGDTXDQWLILFDDHQHUJLDOLEHUDGDQRHSLFHQWURGRWHUUHPRWRHHPVHXFiOFXORXWLOL]DPVH
FRPRSDUkPHWURVDVPHGLGDVGDDPSOLWXGHVtVPLFD $ HPPLFU{PHWURHGDIUHTXrQFLD I HPKHUW](VVHV
SDUkPHWURV VmR PHGLGRV SRU DSDUHOKRV HVSHFLDLV FKDPDGRV VLVPyJUDIRV H UHODFLRQDPVH VHJXQGR D
IXQomR0 ORJ $uI 3HODPDJQLWXGHGRWHUUHPRWRQDHVFDOD5LFKWHUSRGHVHHVWLPDUVHXVHIHLWRVGH
DFRUGRFRPRTXDGURRQGHQmRHVWmRFRQVLGHUDGRVWHUUHPRWRVGHPDJQLWXGHVVXSHULRUHVD

0DJQLWXGH JUDX  (IHLWRVGRWHUUHPRWRVHJXQGRDHVFDOD5LFKWHU
0 d   5HJLVWUDGR SHORVDSDUHOKRV PDVQmRSHUFHSWtYHOSHODVSHVVRDV
  0 d   3HUFHELGRFRPSHTXHQRVWUHPRUHVQRWDGRVSHODVSHVVRDV
  0 d   'HVWUXWLYRFRPFRQVHTXrQFLDVVLJQLILFDWLYDVHPHGLILFDo}HVSRXFRHVWUXWXUDGDV
  0 d   'HVWUXWLYRFRPFRQVHTXrQFLDVVLJQLILFDWLYDVSDUDWRGRWLSRGHHGLILFDomR
'HVWUXWLYR UHWLUDUDP RV HGLItFLRV GH VXDV IXQGDo}HV FDXVDP IHQGDV QR VROR H
  0 d  
GDQLILFDPDVWXEXODo}HVFRQWLGDVQRVXEVROR

8PWHUUHPRWRWHYHVXDDPSOLWXGHHIUHTXrQFLDVPHGLGDVHREWHYHVH$ PLFU{PHWURVHI KHUW]
8VHFRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD ORJ   


'LVSRQtYHOHPZZZPXQGRHGXFDFDRFRPEU$FHVVRHPMXO DGDSWDGR 

&RQVLGHUDQGR R TXDGUR DSUHVHQWDGR H DQDOLVDQGR R UHVXOWDGR GD H[SUHVVmR TXH IRUQHFH D PDJQLWXGH
GHVVHWHUUHPRWRFRQFOXLVHTXHHOHIRL

D  UHJLVWUDGRPDVQmRSHUFHELGRSHODVSHVVRDV
E  SHUFHELGRFRPSHTXHQRVWUHPRUHVQRWDGRVSHODVSHVVRDV
F  GHVWUXWLYRFRPFRQVHTXrQFLDVVLJQLILFDWLYDVHPHGLILFDo}HVSRXFRHVWUXWXUDGDV
G  GHVWUXWLYRFRPFRQVHTXrQFLDVVLJQLILFDWLYDVSDUDWRGRWLSRGHHGLILFDomR
H  GHVWUXWLYRFRPFRQVHTXrQFLDVQDVIXQGDo}HVGRVHGLItFLRVIHQGDVQRVRORHWXEXODo}HVQRVXEVROR


GABARITO

& ' % & %
& & ( $ (
' & & $ '
&    


212 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UERJ (QUALIFICAÇÃO)

MATEMÁTICA
PROGRESSÕES, LOGARITMOS E EXPONENCIAIS


 8HUM   &RQVLGHUH D PDWUL] $ Qu  GH QRYH 1HVVH FDVR R YLVRU GD FDOFXODGRUD PRVWUDYD
FROXQDVFRPQ~PHURVLQWHLURVFRQVHFXWLYRVHVFULWD LQLFLDOPHQWHRVHJXLQWHQ~PHUR
DVHJXLU 
 D   
ª        º E   
«         » F   
« » G   
$Qu «         » 
« » 
«         »  8HUM   $GPLWD D VHJXLQWH VHTXrQFLD
«¬          »¼ QXPpULFDSDUDRQ~PHURQDWXUDO Q  


6H R Q~PHUR   p XP HOHPHQWR GD ~OWLPD 
D H DQ DQ   
OLQKDOLQKDGHRUGHP Q RQ~PHURGHOLQKDVGHVVD 
PDWUL]p 
 6HQGR  d Q d   RV GH] HOHPHQWRV GHVVD
D    
VHTXrQFLDHPTXH D H D  VmR
E    
F   
G  
§       ·
 ¨           D  D  D  D   ¸ 
 8HUM   8P ILVLRWHUDSHXWD HODERURX R © ¹
VHJXLQWH SODQR GH WUHLQRV GLiULRV SDUD R 
FRQGLFLRQDPHQWR GH XP PDUDWRQLVWD TXH VH $ PpGLD DULWPpWLFD GRV TXDWUR ~OWLPRV HOHPHQWRV
UHFXSHUDGHXPDFRQWXVmR GDVHTXrQFLDpLJXDOD
 
ƒ SULPHLURGLD±FRUULGDGHNP 
D 
ƒ GLDV VXEVHTXHQWHV  DFUpVFLPR GH  NP j 
FRUULGDGHFDGDGLDLPHGLDWDPHQWHDQWHULRU 
 E 

2~OWLPRGLDGHWUHLQRVHUiDTXHOHHPTXHRDWOHWD
FRUUHUNP 
F 
 
2WRWDOSHUFRUULGRSHORDWOHWDQHVVHWUHLQDPHQWRGR 
G 
SULPHLUR DR ~OWLPR GLD HP TXLO{PHWURV 
FRUUHVSRQGHD 
  8HUM $GPLWDTXHDRUGHPGHJUDQGH]DGH
D    XPD PHGLGD [  p XPD SRWrQFLD GH EDVH   FRP
E   
 
F    Q Q
H[SRHQWH Q LQWHLURSDUD  d [  
  
G   
&RQVLGHUH TXH XP WHUUHPRWR WHQKD OLEHUDGR XPD
 HQHUJLD ( HPMRXOHVFXMRYDORUQXPpULFRpWDOTXH
 8HUM   8PD FDOFXODGRUD WHP GXDV WHFODV
HVSHFLDLV $ H % 4XDQGR D WHFOD $ p GLJLWDGD R ORJ (  
Q~PHUR TXH HVWi QR YLVRU p VXEVWLWXtGR SHOR 
ORJDULWPRGHFLPDOGHVVHQ~PHUR4XDQGRDWHFOD% $RUGHPGHJUDQGH]DGH ( HPMRXOHVHTXLYDOHD
pGLJLWDGDRQ~PHURGRYLVRUpPXOWLSOLFDGRSRU 
 D  
&RQVLGHUH TXH XPD SHVVRD GLJLWRX DV WHFODV %$% E  

QHVWDRUGHPHREWHYHQRYLVRURQ~PHUR F  
 G   

 

ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 213



 8HUM 




1D VLWXDomR DSUHVHQWDGD QRV TXDGULQKRV DV GLVWkQFLDV HP TXLO{PHWURV G$% G%& H G&' IRUPDP QHVWD
RUGHPXPDSURJUHVVmRDULWPpWLFD

2YLJpVLPRWHUPRGHVVDSURJUHVVmRFRUUHVSRQGHD

D  í
E  í
F  í
G  í


 8HUM  2EVHUYHDPDWUL] $  TXDGUDGDHGH  8HUM   2EVHUYH QR JUiILFR D IXQomR
RUGHPWUrV ORJDULWPRGHFLPDOGHILQLGDSRU\ ORJ [ 
 
§    ·
¨ ¸
$ ¨   [ ¸
¨  [  ¸¹
©

&RQVLGHUHTXHFDGDHOHPHQWR D LM  GHVVDPDWUL]pR
YDORUGRORJDULWPRGHFLPDOGH L  M  
2YDORUGH [ pLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  


 


$GPLWDTXHQRHL[R[XQLGDGHVFRUUHVSRQGHP

D  FP H TXH QR HL[R \ D RUGHQDGD ORJ  
 FRUUHVSRQGHDFP
 

214 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA


$ HVFDOD [  \ QD TXDO RV HL[RV IRUDP FRQVWUXtGRV
HTXLYDOHD

D  
E  
F  
G  

GABARITO

& & $ % %
$ % &  


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 215


ANTÍGENO FUVEST (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
TRIGONOMETRIA


 )XYHVW   8P WULkQJXOR UHWkQJXOR FRP $GPLWLQGR TXH D OLQKD SRQWLOKDGD UHSUHVHQWH R
YpUWLFHV GHQRPLQDGRV $ %  H &  DSyLDVH VREUH JUiILFR GD IXQomR I [ VHQ [  H TXH D OLQKD
XPD OLQKD KRUL]RQWDO TXH FRUUHVSRQGH DR VROR H FRQWtQXD UHSUHVHQWH R JUiILFR GD IXQomR
JLUDVHPHVFRUUHJDUQRVHQWLGRKRUiULR,VWRpVHD J [ ȽVHQ Ⱦ[  VHJXHTXH
SRVLomR LQLFLDO p DTXHOD PRVWUDGD QD ILJXUD R 
PRYLPHQWRFRPHoDFRPXPDURWDomRHPWRUQRGR D    Ƚ   H   Ⱦ   
YpUWLFH & DWp R YpUWLFH $ WRFDU R VROR DSyV R TXH
SDVVD D VHU XPD URWDomR HP WRUQR GH $ DWp R E  Ƚ !  H   Ⱦ   
YpUWLFH%WRFDURVRORHDVVLPSRUGLDQWH F  Ƚ  H Ⱦ !  
 G    Ƚ   H Ⱦ !  
H    Ƚ   H Ⱦ  

 )XYHVW   8PD TXDQWLGDGH IL[D GH XP JiV
LGHDO p PDQWLGD D WHPSHUDWXUD FRQVWDQWH H VHX
YROXPH YDULD FRP R WHPSR GH DFRUGR FRP D
VHJXLQWHIyUPXOD

 9 W ORJ    VHQ ɎW   d W d  


8VDQGRDVGLPHQV}HVLQGLFDGDVQDILJXUD $%  H
HPTXH W pPHGLGRHPKRUDVH 9 W pPHGLGRHP
%&    TXDO p R FRPSULPHQWR GD WUDMHWyULD
P   $ SUHVVmR Pi[LPD GR JiV QR LQWHUYDOR GH
SHUFRUULGDSHORYpUWLFH%GHVGHDSRVLomRPRVWUDGD
WHPSR > @ RFRUUHQRLQVWDQWH
DWpDDUHVWD%&DSRLDUVHQRVRORQRYDPHQWH"
 
 D  W 
D Ɏ  E  W 

F  W 
  G  W 
E Ɏ 
 H  W 
 
F Ɏ 
  )XYHVW   1R TXDGULOiWHUR SODQR $%&' RV
kQJXORV $%& Ö  H $'&
Ö  VmR UHWRV $% $'  
 
G Ɏ 
 %& &'  H %' pXPDGLDJRQDO
  
H Ɏ  Ö YDOH
2FRVVHQRGRkQJXOR %&'

 
 )XYHVW  
 D 


E 


F 

 
G 


H 

 


216 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


 )XYHVW   6DEHVH TXH H[LVWHP Q~PHURV IRUVDWLVIHLWRHQWmR Ƚ  Ⱦ pLJXDOD
UHDLV $ H [   VHQGR$!WDLVTXH 

Ɏ
VHQ [   FRV [ $ FRV [  [  D  
 
SDUDWRGR[UHDO2YDORUGH$pLJXDOD Ɏ
 E  

D   F 
E   Ɏ
G 
F   
G     Ɏ
H 
H   
 
 )XYHVW 8PDGDVSULPHLUDVHVWLPDWLYDVGR  )XYHVW   8P FDPLQKmR VREH XPD ODGHLUD
UDLR GD 7HUUD p DWULEXtGD D (UDWyVWHQHV HVWXGLRVR FRP LQFOLQDomR GH ƒ $ GLIHUHQoD HQWUH D DOWXUD
JUHJRTXHYLYHXDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHHQWUHD&H ILQDOHDDOWXUDLQLFLDOGHXPSRQWRGHWHUPLQDGRGR
D&6DEHQGRTXHHP$VVXmFLGDGHORFDOL]DGD FDPLQKmRGHSRLVGHSHUFRUULGRVPGDODGHLUD
QR VXO GR (JLWR DR PHLR GLD GR VROVWtFLR GH YHUmR VHUiGHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
XP EDVWmR YHUWLFDO QmR DSUHVHQWDYD VRPEUD 
(UDWyVWHQHV GHFLGLX LQYHVWLJDU R TXH RFRUUHULD QDV § Ʌ ·   FRV Ʌ
'DGRV  #   VHQ ¨ ¸  
PHVPDVFRQGLo}HVHP$OH[DQGULDFLGDGHQRQRUWH ©¹ 
GR(JLWR2HVWXGLRVRREVHUYRXTXHHP$OH[DQGULD 
DRPHLRGLDGRVROVWtFLRGHYHUmRXPEDVWmRYHUWLFDO D  P
DSUHVHQWDYDVRPEUDHGHWHUPLQRXRkQJXOR Ʌ HQWUH E  P
DVGLUHo}HVGREDVWmRHGHLQFLGrQFLD GRVUDLRVGH F  P
VRO2YDORUGRUDLRGD7HUUDREWLGRDSDUWLUGH Ʌ H G  P
GD GLVWkQFLD HQWUH $OH[DQGULD H $VVXm IRL GH H  P
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWHNP 

 )XYHVW 1DILJXUDWHPVH $( SDUDOHORD
&'  %&  SDUDOHOR D '(  $(   D ž 
E ž 1HVVDVFRQGLo}HVDGLVWkQFLDGRSRQWR(
DRVHJPHQWR $% pLJXDOD




2PrVHPTXHIRUDPUHDOL]DGDVDVREVHUYDo}HVH
RYDORUDSUR[LPDGRGH Ʌ VmR

1RWHHDGRWHGLVWkQFLDHVWLPDGDSRU(UDWyVWHQHV 
HQWUH$VVXmH$OH[DQGULD |  NP Ɏ  



D  
D  MXQKRƒ E  
E  GH]HPEURƒ 
F  MXQKRƒ F 
G  GH]HPEURƒ 
H  MXQKRƒ 
G 
 
 )XYHVW 6HMDP Ƚ H Ⱦ Q~PHURVUHDLVFRP 
H 
 Ɏ   Ƚ  Ɏ   H   Ⱦ  Ɏ  6H R VLVWHPD GH 
HTXDo}HVGDGRHPQRWDomRPDWULFLDO 
 
ª  º ª WJ Ƚ º ª  º 
«   » «FRV Ⱦ » « »  
¬ ¼¬ ¼ ¬   ¼ 

ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 217


 )XYHVW 2Q~PHURUHDO[FRP   [  S   )XYHVW   $ ILJXUD UHSUHVHQWD XP
VDWLVID]DHTXDomR TXDGUDGR $%&'  GH ODGR   2 SRQWR )  HVWi HP
>

ORJ   FRV [  ORJ   FRV [   


%& %) PHGH  RSRQWR(HVWiHP &' H $) p
 
(QWmR FRV [  VHQ[ YDOH ELVVHWUL] GR kQJXOR %Æ( 1HVVDV FRQGLo}HV R

VHJPHQWR '( PHGH

D  


E 


F 


G 
 
 
H   
 D 
 
 )XYHVW   6HMDP [ H \ Q~PHURV UHDLV
 
SRVLWLYRV WDLV TXH [  \ S  6DEHQGRVH TXH E 
 
VHQ \  [  RYDORUGH WJ \  WJ [ pLJXDOD  
 F 
 

D   
 G 


E    
 H 
 
F  
  )XYHVW   2V FRPSULPHQWRV GRV ODGRV GH
 XP WULkQJXOR $%& IRUPDP XPD 3$ 6DEHQGRVH
G 
 WDPEpP TXH R SHUtPHWUR GH $%& YDOH  H TXH R
 kQJXOR Æ PHGH ƒ HQWmR R SURGXWR GRV
H  FRPSULPHQWRVGRVODGRVpLJXDOD
 
 D  
 )XYHVW   1R ORVDQJR $%&' GH ODGR  E  
UHSUHVHQWDGR QD ILJXUD WHPVH TXH 0 p R SRQWR F  
PpGLR GH $%  1 p R SRQWR PpGLR GH %&  H G  
 H  
01   (QWmR'0pLJXDOD 


 )XYHVW 3DUDVHFDOFXODUDDOWXUDGHXPD
WRUUH XWLOL]RXVH R VHJXLQWH SURFHGLPHQWR LOXVWUDGR
QD ILJXUD XP DSDUHOKR GH DOWXUD GHVSUH]tYHO  IRL
FRORFDGRQRVRORDXPDFHUWDGLVWkQFLDGDWRUUHH
HPLWLX XP UDLR HP GLUHomR DR SRQWR PDLV DOWR GD
WRUUH2kQJXORGHWHUPLQDGRHQWUHRUDLRHRVRORIRL
Ɏ
GH Ƚ  UDGLDQRV $ VHJXLU R DSDUHOKR IRL
 

GHVORFDGR  PHWURVHPGLUHomRjWRUUHHRkQJXOR
 HQWmRREWLGRIRLGHȕUDGLDQRVFRP WJȾ   
D 
 

E 

F  
 
G 


  
H 
 

218 ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA


eFRUUHWRDILUPDUTXHDDOWXUDGDWRUUHHPPHWURVp  )XYHVW   6DEHVH TXH [   p UDL] GD
 
HTXDomR FRV Ƚ [   FRV Ƚ VHQȾ [  VHQȾ  
D     
E     VHQGR Ƚ  H Ⱦ  RV kQJXORV DJXGRV LQGLFDGRV QR
F     WULkQJXORUHWkQJXORGDILJXUDDVHJXLU

G    
H    

 )XYHVW   8PD IROKD GH SDSHO $%&' GH
IRUPDWR UHWDQJXODU p GREUDGD HP WRUQR GR
VHJPHQWR () GH PDQHLUD TXH R SRQWR $ RFXSH D
SRVLomR*FRPRPRVWUDDILJXUD
6H$( H%* HQWmRDPHGLGDGRVHJPHQWR
$)pLJXDOD 
 
3RGHVH HQWmR DILUPDU TXH DV PHGLGDV GH Ƚ  H Ⱦ 
VmRUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH

Ɏ Ɏ
D H 
 
Ɏ Ɏ
E H 
 
Ɏ Ɏ
F H 
 
 Ɏ Ɏ
 G H 
 
  Ɏ Ɏ
D  H H 
  
  
E 
 GABARITO
 
F  
 & $ ' & &
  $ % % $ (
G 
 $ % ' ' &
 ' ( '  
H 
 

 )XYHVW   1D ILJXUD D VHJXLU WHPVH
$& $% H&% 

2YDORUGH&'p




D 
E 
F 
G 
H 


ANTÍGENO FUVEST • MATEMÁTICA 219


ANTÍGENO UNESP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
TRIGONOMETRIA


 8QHVS   8PD GDV ILQDOLGDGHV GD &LrQFLD &RQVLGHUH D FROHWD GH XPD DPRVWUD GH JRWD GH
)RUHQVH p DX[LOLDU QDV LQYHVWLJDo}HV UHODWLYDV j VDQJXH H D WDEHOD WULJRQRPpWULFD DSUHVHQWDGDV D
MXVWLoDFLYLORXFULPLQDO2EVHUYHXPDLGHLDTXHSRGH VHJXLU
VHUHPSUHJDGDQDDQiOLVHGHXPDFHQDGHFULPH 
8PD JRWD GH VDQJXH TXH FDL SHUIHLWDPHQWH QD
YHUWLFDO IRUPDQGR XP kQJXOR GH ž FRP D
KRUL]RQWDO GHL[D XPD PDQFKD UHGRQGD ¬ PHGLGD
TXHRkQJXORGHLPSDFWRFRPDKRUL]RQWDOGLPLQXLD
PDQFKDILFDFDGDYH]PDLVORQJD
$V LOXVWUDo}HV PRVWUDP R DORQJDPHQWR GD JRWD GH
VDQJXH H D UHODomR WULJRQRPpWULFD HQYROYHQGR R
kQJXORGHLPSDFWRHVXDVGLPHQV}HV 


D VHQD FRVD WJD
ž   
ž   
ž   
ž   
ž   

'HDFRUGRFRPDVLQIRUPDo}HVRkQJXORGHLPSDFWR
GDJRWDGHVDQJXHFROHWDGDQDDPRVWUDIRLGH

D  ž
E  ž
F  ž
G  ž
H  ž




 8QHVS $ILJXUDLQGLFDRVJUiILFRVGDVIXQo}HV,,,H,,,2VSRQWRV$ ž % [% H
& [& VmRDOJXQVGRVSRQWRVGHLQWHUVHFomRGRVJUiILFRV




1DVFRQGLo}HVGDGDV [%  [ & pLJXDOD

D ž
E ž
F ž
G ž
H ž

220 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA



 8QHVS   $ ILJXUD UHSUHVHQWD D YLVWD D 
VXSHULRUGRWDPSRSODQRHKRUL]RQWDOGHXPDPHVD E 
GHELOKDUUHWDQJXODU$%&'FRPFDoDSDVHP$% F 
&H'2SRQWR3ORFDOL]DGRHP$%UHSUHVHQWDD G 
SRVLomRGHXPDERODGHELOKDUVHQGR 3%  P H H 

3$  P  $SyV XPD WDFDGD QD EROD HOD VH  8QHVS   2 FRQMXQWR VROXomR 6  SDUD D
GHVORFD HP OLQKD UHWD FROLGLQGR FRP %&  QR SRQWR LQHTXDomR  ˜ FRV [  FRV [ !   HP TXH
7VHQGRDPHGLGDGRkQJXOR 37Ö% LJXDO q $SyV   [  Ɏ pGDGRSRU
HVVD FROLVmR D EROD VHJXH HP WUDMHWyULD UHWD 
GLUHWDPHQWHDWpDFDoDSD' Ɏ Ɏ
­ ½
D  6 ® [   Ɏ _   [  RX  [  Ɏ ¾ 


¯   ¿
­ Ɏ Ɏ ½
E  6 ® [   Ɏ _  [  ¾ 
¯   ¿
­ Ɏ Ɏ ½
F  6 ® [   Ɏ _   [  RX  [  Ɏ ¾ 
¯   ¿
­ Ɏ Ɏ ½
G  6 ® [   Ɏ _  [  ¾ 
¯   ¿
H 6 ^[   Ɏ ` 

 8QHVS   $ FDoDPED GH XP FDPLQKmR
EDVFXODQWH WHP  P GHFRPSULPHQWRGDVGLUHo}HV


GH VHX SRQWR PDLV IURQWDO 3  DWp D GH VHX HL[R GH
1DV FRQGLo}HV GHVFULWDV H DGRWDQGR  #   D URWDomR H P  GH DOWXUD HQWUH RV SRQWRV 3  H 4 
ODUJXUD GR WDPSR GD PHVD HP PHWURV p SUy[LPD 4XDQGR QD SRVLomR KRUL]RQWDO LVWR p TXDQGR RV
GH VHJPHQWRV GH UHWDV U  H V  VH FRLQFLGLUHP D EDVH
 GR IXQGR GD FDoDPED GLVWDUi  P  GR VROR (OD
D   
SRGH JLUDU QR Pi[LPR Ƚ  JUDXV HP WRUQR GH VHX
E    HL[R GH URWDomR ORFDOL]DGR HP VXD SDUWH WUDVHLUD
F    LQIHULRUFRQIRUPHLQGLFDGRQDILJXUD
G    
H   

 8QHVS   $ ILJXUD PRVWUD XP UHOyJLR GH
SDUHGHFRPFPGHGLkPHWURH[WHUQRPDUFDQGR
KRUDHPLQXWRV




'DGR FRVȽ   D DOWXUD HP PHWURV DWLQJLGD
SHORSRQWR3HPUHODomRDRVRORTXDQGRRkQJXOR

 GHJLUR Ƚ IRUPi[LPRp
8VDQGRDDSUR[LPDomR Ɏ  DPHGLGDHPFPGR 
D  
DUFR H[WHUQR GR UHOyJLR GHWHUPLQDGR SHOR kQJXOR
E  
FHQWUDODJXGRIRUPDGRSHORVSRQWHLURVGDVKRUDVH
F  
GRV PLQXWRV QR KRUiULR PRVWUDGR YDOH
G  
DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
H  


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 221



 8QHVS 8PSURIHVVRUGHJHRJUDILDIRUQHFHXDVHXVDOXQRVXPPDSDGRHVWDGRGH6mR3DXORTXH
LQIRUPDYDTXHDVGLVWkQFLDVDSUR[LPDGDVHPOLQKDUHWDHQWUHRVSRQWRVTXHUHSUHVHQWDPDVFLGDGHVGH6mR
3DXOR H &DPSLQDV H HQWUH RV SRQWRV TXH UHSUHVHQWDP DV FLGDGHV GH 6mR 3DXOR H *XDUDWLQJXHWi HUDP
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH NP H NP 8PGRVDOXQRVREVHUYRXHQWmRTXHDVGLVWkQFLDVHPOLQKDUHWDHQWUHRV
SRQWRVTXHUHSUHVHQWDPDVFLGDGHVGH6mR3DXOR&DPSLQDVH6RURFDEDIRUPDYDPXPWULkQJXORHTXLOiWHUR
-iXPRXWURDOXQRQRWRXTXHDVGLVWkQFLDVHPOLQKDUHWDHQWUHRVSRQWRVTXHUHSUHVHQWDPDVFLGDGHVGH
6mR3DXOR*XDUDWLQJXHWiH&DPSLQDVIRUPDYDPXPWULkQJXORUHWkQJXORFRQIRUPHPRVWUDRPDSD




&RP HVVDV LQIRUPDo}HV RV DOXQRV GHWHUPLQDUDP TXH D GLVWkQFLD HP OLQKD UHWD HQWUH RV SRQWRV TXH
UHSUHVHQWDPDVFLGDGHVGH*XDUDWLQJXHWiH6RURFDEDHPNPpSUy[LPDGH


D   ˜    ˜  
E   ˜    ˜  
F  ˜  
G   ˜    ˜  
H   ˜  ˜  


 8QHVS No dia 11 de março de 2011, o Japão foi sacudido por terremoto com intensidade de 8,9
na Escala Richter, com o epicentro no Oceano Pacífico, a 360 km de Tóquio, seguido de tsunami. A cidade
de Sendai, a 320 km a nordeste de Tóquio, foi atingida pela primeira onda do tsunami após 13 minutos.


O Estado de S.Paulo$GDSWDGR 





222 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


%DVHDQGRVH QRV GDGRV IRUQHFLGRV H VDEHQGR TXH FRV D #   RQGH D p R kQJXOR (SLFHQWUR7yTXLR
6HQGDLHTXH  ˜  ˜  #  DYHORFLGDGHPpGLDHPNPKFRPTXHDRQGDGRWVXQDPLDWLQJLX
DWpDFLGDGHGH6HQGDLIRLGH

D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 
 8QHVS 8PDSHVVRDVHHQFRQWUDQRSRQWR
$ GHXPDSODQtFLHjVPDUJHQVGHXPULRHYrGR
RXWUR ODGR GR ULR R WRSR GR PDVWUR GH XPD
EDQGHLUDSRQWR % &RPRREMHWLYRGHGHWHUPLQDUD
DOWXUD K GRPDVWURHODDQGDHPOLQKDUHWD  P 
SDUD D GLUHLWD GR SRQWR HP TXH VH HQFRQWUDYD H
PDUFDRSRQWR & 6HQGR ' RSpGRPDVWURDYDOLD
TXHRVkQJXORV %$& Ö H %&'Ö YDOHP q HR $&%
Ö 
YDOH q FRPRPRVWUDDILJXUD 
 
D  H
E  H
F  H
G  H
H  H

 8QHVS (PVLWXDomRQRUPDOREVHUYDVH
TXH RV VXFHVVLYRV SHUtRGRV GH DVSLUDomR H

 H[SLUDomRGHDUGRVSXOP}HVHPXPLQGLYtGXRVmR
$DOWXUD K GRPDVWURGDEDQGHLUDHPPHWURVp LJXDLV HP WHPSR EHP FRPR QD TXDQWLGDGH GH DU
 LQDODGD H H[SHOLGD $ YHORFLGDGH GH DVSLUDomR H
D    H[SLUDomRGHDUGRVSXOP}HVGHXPLQGLYtGXRHVWi
UHSUHVHQWDGD SHOD FXUYD GR JUiILFR FRQVLGHUDQGR
E     DSHQDVXPFLFORGRSURFHVVR
F    
G    
H   


 8QHVS   (P XP H[SHULPHQWR VREUH
RULHQWDomRHQDYHJDomRGHSRPERVFRQVLGHURXVH
R SRPEDO FRPR D RULJHP 2 GH XP VLVWHPD GH
FRRUGHQDGDVFDUWHVLDQDVHRVHL[RVRULHQWDGRV6XO
1RUWH 61  H 2HVWH/HVWH :/  $OJXPDV DYHV
IRUDP OLEHUDGDV QXP SRQWR 3 TXH ILFD  NP DR
OHVWHGRHL[R61HDNPDRVXOGRHL[R:/ 
2 kQJXOR D]LPXWDO GH 3 p R kQJXOR HP JUDXV 
PHGLGRQRVHQWLGRKRUiULRDSDUWLUGDVHPLUUHWD21 6DEHQGRVH TXH HP XPD SHVVRD HP HVWDGR GH
DWp D VHPLUUHWD 23 1R H[SHULPHQWR GHVFULWR D UHSRXVR XP FLFOR GH DVSLUDomR H H[SLUDomR
GLVWkQFLD GR SRPEDO DWp R SRQWR GH OLEHUDomR GDV FRPSOHWR RFRUUH D FDGD  VHJXQGRV H TXH D WD[D
DYHVHPNPHRkQJXORD]LPXWDOHPJUDXVGHVVH Pi[LPDGHLQDODomRHH[DODomRHPPyGXORp
SRQWRVmRUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH V D H[SUHVVmR GD IXQomR FXMR JUiILFR PDLV VH
 DSUR[LPDGDFXUYDUHSUHVHQWDGDQDILJXUDp

'DGR  |  

S § ·
D 9 W VHQ ¨ W ¸  
  © ¹
  §  ·
 E 9 W VHQ ¨ W ¸  
 © S ¹


ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA 223


§ S ·  8QHVS   $ ILJXUD UHSUHVHQWD SDUWH GRV
F 9 W FRV ¨ W ¸   JUiILFRV GDV IXQo}HV I [     VHQ [  H
©  ¹
J [  FRV [ 
§ S ·
G 9 W VHQ ¨ W ¸  
©  ¹

H 9 W FRV W  
S

 8QHVS   'RLV HGLItFLRV ; H < HVWmR XP
HP IUHQWH DR RXWUR QXP WHUUHQR SODQR 8P
REVHUYDGRU QR Sp GR HGLItFLR ; SRQWR 3   PHGH
XP kQJXOR Į HP UHODomR DR WRSR GR HGLItFLR <
SRQWR4 'HSRLVGLVVRQRWRSRGRHGLItFLR;QXP
SRQWR 5 GH IRUPD TXH 5376  IRUPHP XP 


UHWkQJXOR H 47 VHMD SHUSHQGLFXODU D 37 HVVH 6H [ [ H [ VmR UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH DV DEVFLVVDV
REVHUYDGRU PHGH XP kQJXOR Ⱦ  HP UHODomR DR GRV SRQWRV 3 4 H 5 GH LQWHUVHFomR GRV JUiILFRV
SRQWR4QRHGLItFLR<

GDV IXQo}HV I [  H J [  QR LQWHUYDOR > S@ D VRPD
[[[p


D 


E 


F 


G 
 
 Ɏ
6DEHQGR TXH D DOWXUD GR HGLItFLR ; p  P  H TXH H 

 WJȽ  WJȾ DDOWXUD K GRHGLItFLR<HPPHWURVp 

 8QHVS   (P XP MRJR HOHWU{QLFR R
D 
PRQVWURWHPDIRUPDGHXPVHWRUFLUFXODUGHUDLR
E 
FPFRPRPRVWUDDILJXUD
F   

G  
H  

 8QHVS   8P FLFOLVWD VREH HP OLQKD UHWD
XPD UDPSD FRP LQFOLQDomR GH  JUDXV D XPD
YHORFLGDGH FRQVWDQWH GH  PHWURV SRU VHJXQGR $

DOWXUD GR WRSR GD UDPSD HP UHODomR DR SRQWR GH 

SDUWLGDpP $SDUWHTXHIDOWDQRFtUFXORpDERFDGRPRQVWUR
 H R kQJXOR GH DEHUWXUD PHGH  UDGLDQR 2
SHUtPHWURGRPRQVWURHPFPp

D S
E S
F S
 G S
 H S
8VH D DSUR[LPDomR VHQ ƒ   H UHVSRQGD 2 
WHPSR HP PLQXWRV TXH R FLFOLVWD OHYRX SDUD
SHUFRUUHUFRPSOHWDPHQWHDUDPSDp GABARITO


D 
E  $ & $ % $
F  & % ( % '
G  ' ' $ & (
H  


224 ANTÍGENO UNESP • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UNICAMP (1.ª FASE)

MATEMÁTICA
TRIGONOMETRIA


 8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD DEDL[R H[LEH R D  FP 
WULkQJXOR UHWkQJXOR $%&  HP TXH $% $0 0& 
E   FP 
(QWmR WJɅ pLJXDOD
 F  FP 
G  FP 

 8QLFDPS 6HMD [ XPQ~PHURUHDOWDOTXH
VHQ [  FRV [  /RJR _ VHQ [  FRV [ _ pLJXDOD


D  
E  
F  
G  

  8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH R WULkQJXOR UHWkQJXOR
 $%'  H[LELGR QD ILJXUD DEDL[R HP TXH $%  FP 
D  %&  FP H &'  FP (QWmRRkQJXOR Ʌ pLJXDOD
E  
F 
G 


 8QLFDPS   6HMDP N  H Ʌ  Q~PHURV UHDLV
WDLV TXH VHQ Ʌ  H FRV Ʌ  VmR VROXo}HV GD HTXDomR
TXDGUiWLFD [   [  N  (QWmR N pXPQ~PHUR
 

D LUUDFLRQDO
D  ž
E UDFLRQDOQmRLQWHLUR
E  ž
F LQWHLURSRVLWLYR
F  ž
G LQWHLURQHJDWLYR
 G  ž
 
 8QLFDPS   &RQVLGHUH TXH R TXDGUDGR  8QLFDPS   6HMD [  XP Q~PHUR UHDO
$%&'UHSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUDDEDL[RWHPODGRVGH   [  Ɏ  WDOTXHDVHTXrQFLD WDQ [ VHF [  p
FRPSULPHQWRGHFPHTXH&pRSRQWRPpGLRGR XPD SURJUHVVmR DULWPpWLFD 3$  (QWmR D UD]mR
VHJPHQWR $( &RQVHTXHQWHPHQWH D GLVWkQFLD GHVVD3$pLJXDOD
HQWUHRVSRQWRV'H(VHUiLJXDOD 
 D   
E    
F    
G    

 8QLFDPS   $ ILJXUD D VHJXLU H[LEH XP
SHQWiJRQR FRP WRGRV RV ODGRV GH PHVPR
FRPSULPHQWR





ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA 225


$PHGLGDGRkQJXOR Ʌ pLJXDOD

GABARITO
D  q  
E  q  % % & ' &
F  q  ' % & $ &
G  q  

 8QLFDPS   6HMD [  UHDO WDO TXH
FRV [ WJ [ 2YDORUGH VHQ [ p

 
D  

 
E  

 
F  

 
G  


 8QLFDPS   $R GHFRODU XP DYLmR GHL[D R
VRORFRPXPkQJXORFRQVWDQWHGHƒ$NPGD
FDEHFHLUD GD SLVWD H[LVWH XP PRUUR tQJUHPH $
ILJXUDDEDL[RLOXVWUDDGHFRODJHPIRUDGHHVFDOD




3RGHPRVFRQFOXLUTXHRDYLmRXOWUDSDVVDRPRUURD
XPDDOWXUDDSDUWLUGDVXDEDVHGH

D  WDQ ƒ NP
E  VHQ ƒ NP
F  FRV ƒ NP
G  VHF ƒ NP

 8QLFDPS 1DILJXUDDEDL[R$%&H%'(
VmR WULkQJXORV LVyVFHOHV VHPHOKDQWHV GH EDVHV D
H D UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH H R kQJXOR &$% Ö q 
3RUWDQWRRFRPSULPHQWRGRVHJPHQWR&(p





D D 


E D 


F D 

G  D  


226 ANTÍGENO UNICAMP • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO ENEM (2.º DIA)

MATEMÁTICA
TRIGONOMETRIA


 (QHP 33/   $V FRRUGHQDGDV XVXDOPHQWH  (QHP33/ 8PDSLVWDFLUFXODUGHOLPLWDGD
XWLOL]DGDV QD ORFDOL]DomR GH XP SRQWR VREUH D SRU GXDV FLUFXQIHUrQFLDV FRQFrQWULFDV IRL
VXSHUItFLH WHUUHVWUH VmR D ODWLWXGH H D ORQJLWXGH FRQVWUXtGD 1D FLUFXQIHUrQFLD LQWHUQD GHVVD SLVWD
3DUDWDOFRQVLGHUDVHTXHD7HUUDWHPDIRUPDGH GH UDLR  NP VHUmR FRORFDGRV DSDUHOKRV GH
XPDHVIHUD JLQiVWLFD ORFDOL]DGRV QRV SRQWRV 3 4 H 5
8P PHULGLDQR p XPD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD VREUH D FRQIRUPHDILJXUD

VXSHUItFLHGD7HUUDTXHSDVVDSHORVSRORV1RUWHH
6XO UHSUHVHQWDGRV QD ILJXUD SRU 31 H 36 2
FRPSULPHQWR GD VHPLFLUFXQIHUrQFLD TXH XQH RV
SRQWRV 31 H 36 WHP FRPSULPHQWR LJXDO D
 NP  $ OLQKD GR (TXDGRU WDPEpP p XPD
FLUFXQIHUrQFLDVREUHDVXSHUItFLHGD7HUUDFRPUDLR
LJXDODRGD7HUUDVHQGRTXHRSODQRTXHDFRQWpP
pSHUSHQGLFXODUDRTXHFRQWpPTXDOTXHUPHULGLDQR
6HMD3XPSRQWRQDVXSHUItFLHGD7HUUD&RFHQWUR
GD 7HUUD H R VHJPHQWR 3&  XP UDLR FRQIRUPH
PRVWUDDILJXUD6HMD M RkQJXORTXHRVHJPHQWR
3&  ID] FRP R SODQR TXH FRQWpP D OLQKD GR 
(TXDGRU$PHGLGDHPJUDXVGH M pDPHGLGDGD 
ODWLWXGHGH3 2 VHJPHQWR 53 p XP GLkPHWUR GHVVD
 FLUFXQIHUrQFLD LQWHUQD H R kQJXOR 354Ö  WHP
PHGLGDLJXDODSUDGLDQRV
3DUD XPD SHVVRD LU GR SRQWR 3 DR SRQWR 4
DQGDQGR SHOD FLUFXQIHUrQFLD LQWHUQD QR VHQWLGR
DQWLKRUiULR HOD SHUFRUUHUi XPD GLVWkQFLD HP
TXLO{PHWURLJXDOD

D S
E S
F S
G S
H S

 (QHP   8P JUXSR GH HQJHQKHLURV HVWi
SURMHWDQGR XP PRWRU FXMR HVTXHPD GH
GHVORFDPHQWR YHUWLFDO GR SLVWmR GHQWUR GD FkPDUD
GHFRPEXVWmRHVWiUHSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUD
 


6XSRQKDTXHDSDUWLUGDOLQKDGR(TXDGRUXPQDYLR
YLDMD VXELQGR HP GLUHomR DR 3ROR 1RUWH
SHUFRUUHQGRXPPHULGLDQRDWpXPSRQWR3FRP
JUDXVGHODWLWXGH

4XDQWRVTXLO{PHWURVVmRSHUFRUULGRVSHORQDYLR"

D   
E   
F   
G   
H    

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 227


§ ȾW Ɏ · $ H[SUHVVmR DOJpEULFD TXH UHSUHVHQWD D SRVLomR
$ IXQomR K W   VHQ ¨  ¸  GHILQLGD SDUD 3 W  GDFDEHoDGRSLVWmRHPIXQomRGRWHPSR W p
©  ¹
W t   GHVFUHYH FRPR YDULD D DOWXUD K PHGLGD HP 
FHQWtPHWUR GD SDUWH VXSHULRU GR SLVWmR GHQWUR GD D  3 W VHQ W 
FkPDUD GH FRPEXVWmR HP IXQomR GR WHPSR W E  3 W VHQ W 
PHGLGR HP VHJXQGR 1DV ILJXUDV HVWmR LQGLFDGDV F  3 W VHQ W 
DVDOWXUDVGRSLVWmRHPGRLVLQVWDQWHVGLVWLQWRV
2 YDORU GR SDUkPHWUR Ⱦ  TXH p GDGR SRU XP § Ɏ·
G 3W VHQ ¨ W  ¸ 
Q~PHUR LQWHLUR SRVLWLYR HVWi UHODFLRQDGR FRP D © ¹
YHORFLGDGHGHGHVORFDPHQWRGRSLVWmR3DUDTXHR § Ɏ·
H 3W VHQ ¨ W  ¸ 
PRWRU WHQKD XPD ERD SRWrQFLD p QHFHVViULR H © ¹
VXILFLHQWH TXH HP PHQRV GH  VHJXQGRV DSyV R 
LQtFLRGRIXQFLRQDPHQWR LQVWDQWHW  DDOWXUDGD  (QHP   3DUD GHFRUDU XP FLOLQGUR FLUFXODU
EDVHGRSLVWmRDOFDQFHSRUWUrVYH]HVRYDORUGH UHWR VHUi XVDGD XPD IDL[D UHWDQJXODU GH SDSHO
FP 3DUD RV FiOFXORV XWLOL]H  FRPR DSUR[LPDomR WUDQVSDUHQWH QD TXDO HVWi GHVHQKDGD HP QHJULWR
SDUDS XPDGLDJRQDOTXHIRUPD q FRPDERUGDLQIHULRU
2PHQRUYDORULQWHLURDVHUDWULEXtGRDRSDUkPHWUR 2 UDLR GD EDVH GR FLOLQGUR PHGH S FP H DR
Ⱦ  GH IRUPD TXH R PRWRU D VHU FRQVWUXtGR WHQKD HQURODUDIDL[DREWpPVHXPDOLQKDHPIRUPDWRGH
ERDSRWrQFLDp KpOLFHFRPRQDILJXUD


D  
E  
F  
G  
H  

 (QHP 33/   2V PRYLPHQWRV RQGXODWyULRV
SHULyGLFRV  VmR UHSUHVHQWDGRV SRU HTXDo}HV GR
WLSR r $VHQ ZW  Ʌ   TXH DSUHVHQWDP SDUkPHWURV 

FRP VLJQLILFDGRV ItVLFRV LPSRUWDQWHV WDLV FRPR D
2 YDORU GD PHGLGD GD DOWXUD GR FLOLQGUR HP
Ɏ FHQWtPHWURp
IUHTXrQFLD Z   HP TXH 7 p R SHUtRGR $ p D
7 

DPSOLWXGHRXGHVORFDPHQWRPi[LPR Ʌ pRkQJXOR D    


Ɏ E    
GH IDVH  d Ʌ    TXH PHGH R GHVORFDPHQWR QR
Z F    
HL[R KRUL]RQWDO HP UHODomR j RULJHP QR LQVWDQWH G  
LQLFLDOGRPRYLPHQWR H  
2 JUiILFR UHSUHVHQWD XP PRYLPHQWR SHULyGLFR 
3 3 W  HPFHQWtPHWURHPTXH3pDSRVLomRGD  (QHP   6REUH XP VLVWHPD FDUWHVLDQR
FDEHoD GR SLVWmR GR PRWRU GH XP FDUUR HP XP FRQVLGHUDVH XPD PDOKD IRUPDGD SRU
LQVWDQWHWFRQIRUPHLOXVWUDDILJXUD FLUFXQIHUrQFLDV GH UDLRV FRP PHGLGDV GDGDV SRU
 Q~PHURV QDWXUDLV H SRU  VHPLUUHWDV FRP
H[WUHPLGDGHVQDRULJHPVHSDUDGDVSRUkQJXORVGH
SUDGFRQIRUPHDILJXUD





228 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


6XSRQKD TXH RV REMHWRV VH GHVORTXHP DSHQDV
SHODV VHPLUUHWDV H SHODV FLUFXQIHUrQFLDV GHVVD
PDOKDQmRSRGHQGRSDVVDUSHODRULJHP  

&RQVLGHUHRYDORUGH Ɏ FRPDSUR[LPDomRGHSHOR
PHQRVXPDFDVDGHFLPDO

3DUD UHDOL]DU R SHUFXUVR PDLV FXUWR SRVVtYHO DR
ORQJR GD PDOKD GR SRQWR % DWp R SRQWR $ XP
REMHWRGHYHSHUFRUUHUXPDGLVWkQFLDLJXDOD

 ˜ Ɏ ˜ 
D    

$H[SUHVVmRGDIXQomRDOWXUDpGDGDSRU
˜Ɏ˜
E    
 D  I W  VHQ W   
˜ Ɏ˜
F    E  I W  FRV W   

F  I W  FRV W   
˜Ɏ˜
G    G  I W  VHQ W   FRV W 

˜ Ɏ˜ H  I W  VHQ W   FRV W 
H    

 (QHP   8P FLHQWLVWD HP VHXV HVWXGRV

SDUD PRGHODU D SUHVVmR DUWHULDO GH XPD SHVVRD
 (QHP   (P  IRL LQDXJXUDGD D PDLRU
XWLOL]D XPD IXQomR GR WLSR3 W   $ % FRV NW  HP
URGDJLJDQWH GR PXQGR D +LJK 5ROOHU VLWXDGD HP
TXH $ % H N VmR FRQVWDQWHV UHDLV SRVLWLYDV H W
/DV 9HJDV $ ILJXUD UHSUHVHQWD XP HVERoR GHVVD
UHSUHVHQWD D YDULiYHO WHPSR PHGLGD HP VHJXQGR
URGDJLJDQWH QR TXDO R SRQWR $  UHSUHVHQWD XPD
&RQVLGHUHTXHXPEDWLPHQWRFDUGtDFRUHSUHVHQWDR
GHVXDVFDGHLUDV
LQWHUYDORGHWHPSRHQWUHGXDVVXFHVVLYDVSUHVV}HV

Pi[LPDV

$R DQDOLVDU XP FDVR HVSHFtILFR R FLHQWLVWD REWHYH
RVGDGRV

3UHVVmRPtQLPD  
3UHVVmRPi[LPD  
1~PHUR GH EDWLPHQWRV FDUGtDFRV SRU
 
PLQXWR

$IXQomR 3 W REWLGDSRUHVWHFLHQWLVWDDRDQDOLVDU
RFDVRHVSHFtILFRIRL

D  3 W   FRV  ɎW 
E  3 W   FRV  ɎW 
F  3 W   FRV ɎW 
G  3 W   FRV W 
H  3 W   FRV W 

  (QHP   8PD GHVHQKLVWD SURMHWLVWD GHYHUi
 GHVHQKDUXPDWDPSDGHSDQHODHPIRUPDFLUFXODU
$ SDUWLU GD SRVLomR LQGLFDGD HP TXH R VHJPHQWR 3DUD UHDOL]DU HVVH GHVHQKR HOD GLVS}H QR
2$ VH HQFRQWUD SDUDOHOR DR SODQR GR VROR PRPHQWR GH DSHQDV XP FRPSDVVR FXMR
URWDFLRQDVH D +LJK 5ROOHU QR VHQWLGR DQWLKRUiULR FRPSULPHQWR GDV KDVWHV p GH  FP XP
HP WRUQR GR SRQWR 2  6HMDP W R kQJXOR WUDQVIHULGRU H XPD IROKD GH SDSHO FRP XP SODQR
GHWHUPLQDGRSHORVHJPHQWR 2$ HPUHODomRjVXD FDUWHVLDQR3DUDHVERoDURGHVHQKRGHVVDWDPSD
SRVLomRLQLFLDOHIDIXQomRTXHGHVFUHYHD HODDIDVWRXDVKDVWHVGRFRPSDVVRGHIRUPDTXHR
DOWXUD GR SRQWR $ HP UHODomR DR VROR HP IXQomR kQJXOR IRUPDGR SRU HODV IRVVH GH q  $ SRQWD
GHW VHFD HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGD SHOR SRQWR  & D SRQWD GR
 JUDILWHHVWiUHSUHVHQWDGDSHORSRQWR%HDFDEHoD
$SyV GXDV YROWDV FRPSOHWDV I WHP R VHJXLQWH GR FRPSDVVR HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGD SHOR SRQWR $
JUiILFR FRQIRUPHDILJXUD
 

ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA 229


4XDQGR[ žDLQWHQVLGDGHOXPLQRVDVHUHGX]D
TXDOSHUFHQWXDOGHVHXYDORUPi[LPR"

D   
E   
F   
G   
H   

GABARITO

% ' ' $ %
$ $ $ ' %
 
 
$SyV FRQFOXLU R GHVHQKR HOD R HQFDPLQKD SDUD R 
VHWRU GH SURGXomR $R UHFHEHU R GHVHQKR FRP D
LQGLFDomR GR UDLR GD WDPSD YHULILFDUi HP TXDO
LQWHUYDOR HVWH VH HQFRQWUD H GHFLGLUi R WLSR GH
PDWHULDO D VHU XWLOL]DGR QD VXD IDEULFDomR GH
DFRUGRFRPRVGDGRV

7LSRGH ,QWHUYDORGHYDORUHVGHUDLR
PDWHULDO FP 
,   5 d 
,,   5 d  
,,,   5 d  
,9   5 d  
9   5 d  

&RQVLGHUHFRPRDSUR[LPDomRSDUD  

2 WLSR GH PDWHULDO D VHU XWLOL]DGR SHOR VHWRU GH
SURGXomRVHUi

D  ,
E  ,,
F  ,,,
G  ,9
H  9

 (QHP 5DLRVGHOX]VRODUHVWmRDWLQJLQGR
D VXSHUItFLH GH XP ODJR IRUPDQGR XP kQJXOR [ 
FRPDVXDVXSHUItFLHFRQIRUPHLQGLFDDILJXUD
(PGHWHUPLQDGDVFRQGLo}HVSRGHVHVXSRUTXHD
LQWHQVLGDGHOXPLQRVDGHVVHVUDLRVQDVXSHUItFLHGR
ODJR VHMD GDGD DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH SRU
, [ N ˜ VHQ [  VHQGR N XPD FRQVWDQWH H
VXSRQGRVHTXH [ HVWiHQWUH q H q 


230 ANTÍGENO ENEM • MATEMÁTICA


ANTÍGENO UERJ (QUALIFICAÇÃO)

MATEMÁTICA
TRIGONOMETRIA


 8HUM   2 JUiILFR D VHJXLU UHSUHVHQWD D $VFRRUGHQDGDVGH3VmR
IXQomRSHULyGLFDGHILQLGDSRU I [  VHQ [   
ª Ɏ Ɏ º §  ·
[  ,5 1R LQWHUYDOR «  »   $  H %  VmR SRQWRV D  ¨  
¬  ¼ ¨   ¸¸
© ¹
§Ɏ· § Ɏ · §  ·
GR JUiILFR QRV TXDLV I ¨ ¸ I ¨ ¸  VmR YDORUHV E  ¨  

© ¹ ©  ¹ ¨   ¸¸
Pi[LPRVGHVVDIXQomR © ¹
 §  ·
 F ¨¨   ¸ 
¸
©  ¹
§  ·
G  ¨ 
¨   ¸¸

© ¹

 8HUM   1R HVTXHPD DEDL[R HVWmR
UHSUHVHQWDGRVXPTXDGUDGR$%&'HXPFtUFXORGH
FHQWUR 3  H UDLR U  WDQJHQWH jV UHWDV $% H %& 2
ODGRGRTXDGUDGRPHGHU




$iUHDGRUHWkQJXOR$%&'p

D  S
E  S
F  S
G  S


 8HUM   2 FtUFXOR D VHJXLU WHP R FHQWUR QD 
RULJHP GR SODQR FDUWHVLDQR [\ H UDLR LJXDO D  $PHGLGD Ʌ GRkQJXOR&Æ3SRGHVHUGHWHUPLQDGD
1HOH $3 GHWHUPLQDXPDUFRGHž DSDUWLUGDVHJXLQWHLGHQWLGDGHWULJRQRPpWULFD
 
WJ Ƚ  WJ Ⱦ
WJ Ƚ  Ⱦ 
  WJ Ƚ u WJ Ⱦ

2YDORUGDWDQJHQWHGH Ʌ pLJXDOD

D  
E  
F  
G  

 8HUM   2 UDLR GH XPD URGD JLJDQWH GH
FHQWUR & PHGH &$ &%  P  'R FHQWUR & DR
SODQRKRUL]RQWDOGRFKmRKiXPDGLVWkQFLDGHP

 2VSRQWRV$H%VLWXDGRVQRPHVPRSODQRYHUWLFDO
 $&%  SHUWHQFHP j FLUFXQIHUrQFLD GHVVD URGD H


ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA 231


GLVWDP UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH  P H  P GR SODQR
GRFKmR2EVHUYHRHVTXHPDHDWDEHOD




T JUDXV  VHQT
ž 
ž 
ž 
ž 

$ PHGLGD HP JUDXV PDLV SUy[LPD GR PHQRU
kQJXOR $&% FRUUHVSRQGHD

D  
E  
F  
G  

GABARITO

& $ % & 




















232 ANTÍGENO UERJ • MATEMÁTICA

Você também pode gostar