T H E G O T H I C H I S T O RY

J O R DA N E S

I N E N G L I S H V E RSI O N

W ITH A N I NT RO D U C T I O N A N D A C O M M E NT A R Y

BY

C HARLE S C H RI ST O P HE R M I E RO W P h D , . .

I n s t r u c t o r i n Cl a s s i cs i n P r i n ce t o n U n i ve rs i t y

P RI N C E T O N U N I V E RSI TY P RE SS
P RI N C E T O N
LO N D O N : H U M P H R E Y M I LFO R D
O XFO R D U N I V E R SI T Y P R ESS
1915
 C o p yr i g h t , 19 15, by
CHA R LE S C H R I S T OP H E R M I E R OW
P u bl i s h e d , F e bru a r y , 19 15
 PREF A CE
Thi s ed itio n O f th e Ge ti ca . Oi Jor da n e s is b a s e d u pon

E R R ATA

r m a me n t i o n s
’

r ea d Gr i e n b e r g e r ‘

H ad 55 1
r ea d P t o l e ma e u s
rt a d T h e o d o ri c
r t aa
’
B o ri s t h e n id e
r ea d P t o l e ma e u s
f w d P rin ce t o n
r ea d i mp e r a t o r e s
r ea d i n a cce s s i s

r ea d a d an n u m p . C .

r ea d Ao éfi t o s

ér epa u bfi np e v
’
r za d

r md
r ea d Ka i

45
'
r za d 7

r ea d d wfip
 PREF A CE
This e di t io n O f t h e Ge ti ca O f Jord a n e s i s b a s e d upo n
t h e a u t hori t a t iv e t ex t a n d c ri t ic a l a ppa r a t us O f Mom ms e n
as f ou n d in t h e M on mn en ta Ge r ma n i a e H i s t or i ca A n c
'

f o r e : A n ti q n i s s i m i 5 ( B e rlin wi t h o t h e r m at e ri a l
a d de d . I h av e a dh e r e d clos e ly t o his s pe lling o f p ro pe r
na m e s e s pe ci a lly G o t hic n a m e s e xc e pt i n a f e w wor d s
, ,

which a r e o f c ommon u s e i n a not h e r fo rm I h av e c a r e .

f ully r e vi e w e d a ll t h e e xi st i n g e vi de n c e o n co n t rov e rt e d
p
, oin t
,
s d iss e n t i n g in s e v e ra l i n s ta n c e s from th e conclu
sions O f M omms e n pa rt icul a rly i n r e ga r d t o t h e s up
,

p o s e dly Go t hic wri t e r A bl a bi ns t h e e ccl e si a s t ic a l s t a t us O f

-
,

Jor da n e s a n d t h e p l a c e O f c o mposi t ion O f t h e Ge ti ca

, .

F o r t h e L a t i n i t y O f J or da n e s t h e s t ud i e s o f E WOlff li n .

( A rch .f l a t . L e
. x I I .
J B e
, r gm ii l l e r ( A ugsburg
.

a n d Fri t z W e r n e r ( H a ll e 1 9 08 ) h a v e b e e n c on

s u l te d a n d for r e a d y c o n v e ni e nc e O f illus t r a t io n i n his

,

t o r i ca l m att e rs fr e q u e n t r e f e r e nc e i s m a d e i n t h e com
me n t a ry t o H odgki n s I t a ly a n d H e r I n v a de rs ( 2 n d
“ ’ ”
.

“ ’
e d i t io n Cl a r en do n Pr e ss
,
Gibb o n s D e cli n e a n d
,

F a ll O f t h e Rom a n Em p i r e ( e d i t e d by J B Bury ”
. .
,
“
L o n d on Bury s H is t ory O f t h e L at e r Rom a n
’

“
Em p ir e ( M a c M i l l an CO
”
an d Th e C a mbri dge
.
,

Me d i ev a l H is t ory ( The M ac M il l a n CO New Y or k

”
.
,

Th e t r a n sl a t io n , lre a dy s e pa ra t e ly p ri n t e d ( Pri n c e t on
a

U niv e rsi ty Pr e ss 1 9 08 ) a n d t hus f a r t h e o n ly e xis t ing

,

E n glish v e rsion h a s b e e n r e vi s e d t hroughout a n d a f ew

, ,

sligh t ch a n ge s h a v e b ee n ma de A s t h e L at in t e x t o f
'

Momms e n i s a v a il a bl e e ls e wh e re it i s n ot r ep ri n t e d i n ,

t hi s e di t io n .

I des ir e t o m a k e e s pe ci a l a cknowl e dgm en t O f th e m a ny

h e l p ful c ri t icisms re c e iv e d f rom D ea n W e s t a n d t o ex
p r e ss my gr a t i t ud e f o r hi s co n s ta n t a n d un f a iling in t e re s t

in t hi s a s i n a ll my s t u d i e s in t h e l a t e r L at in .

C H A R LE S C H R I S T O P H E R M I E R O W .

P r i n c e to n U n i v ers i ty .
 C O N TE N T S -

I N TR ODU CT I O N
1 . Jord a n e s : H is L i f e an d Works
Jor da n e s
Th e A u t hor s N a m e
’

H i s F a mily
H is N at io n a li ty
H is Posi t io n i n L i f e
H i s Eccl e si a s t ic a l Co n di t io n
H i s L i t e ra ry A c t ivi t y
Wh e r e t h e books w e r e wri tt e n
D a t e o f Co m posi t io n O f t h e R oma n a
55 1 A D . .

O f t h e Ge ti ca 5 5 I A D .

N at ur e O f t h e work
H is O rigi n a li ty
C a ssio d orus S e n a t o r
A im O f C a ssio dorus
Th e A im O f Jord a n e s
L a ngu a ge a n d S tyl e
2 . Th e L i t e r a ry S ourc e s us e d i n t h e Ge ti ca
A u t hors m e n t io n e d
Abl a bi u s
C a ssi o dorus
Cl a u d ius P t ol e ma e us
De x i ppu s
D io
F a bius
Jos e phus
L ivy
L uc a n
P o mpe i u s Tr o g u s
P o mpo n i us M e l a
P r i s cu s
S t r a bo
 C O NT E N T S

Fur t h e r a u thori t i e s us e d
D ic tys
M a rc e lli n us
A c on t i n u a t or O f A mmi a n us
M a rc e llinus
M a rc e llin us Com e s
Pros pe r
Ru fi n u s
S o l in u s
A ge ogra phic a l ma p .

Chronologic a l T a bl e
G e n e a logic a l Ch a r t O f th e A m a li .

Bibliogr a phy
L i t e r a ry A n a lysis O f t h e Ge ti ca . .

II . T H E O RIGI N AN D D EE D S O F T H E
GOTH S

I II . C O M ME N T A R Y
 I N TR O D U CTI ON
1 . J O R D AN E S : H I S L IFE A ND W O RKS
“
J
o r d an e s . u t horTh e
O f Tah e O rigi n a n d D e e ds o f
”
t h e Go t hs is n o t a mo de l O f lit e r a ry e xc e ll e n c e o r
origi n a li ty . H e t e lls us hims e l f t h a t h e wa s a n u n
1

l e a rn e d ma n be f o r e hi s c o n v e rsio n an d h i s w ri t ings ,

fully b ea r o u t t his s t a t e m e n t H i s bo ok i s m a i n ly a
.

com p il a t io n n o t v e ry c a r e fully m a de; his s t yl e i s i rr e g

,

ul a r r a mbli n g u n e v e n a n d e xhibi t s to a m a rk e d de
, , ,

gr e e t h e t r a i t s O f t h e de c a den t crumbli n g l at e r L a t i n
,
.

Y e t h e i s im port a n t as t h e e a rli e s t Go t hi c his t ori a n

.

whos e w o rk h as surviv e d a n d h e giv e s much i n form a ,

t io n i n r e g a r d t o t h e Go t hs t h a t is n owh e r e e ls e re cor de d .

A cross t h e sc e n e h e u n fol d s b e for e us pa ss som e O f

t h e gr e a t e s t— a n d som e O f t h e mos t t e rribl e — fi g u r es i n
“
his t ory : A tt il a t h e H u n t h e scourge O f God,
th e ,
”

Visigo t h A l a ri c who t hric e s a ck e d t h e E t e rn a l Ci ty ,

G a is e ri c th e V a n da l a n d t h e gr e at Th e o d ori c S O for t h e .

m a t t e r i f n o t for t h e s tyl e O f his his t o ry o f t h e Go t hs

, ,

Jor d a n e s d e s e rv e s c a r e ful co n si de r a t i o n .

An d t h e re i s t oo a c e r t a i n i rr e sis t ibl e ch a rm i n his

n ai v e simplici t y H e i s s o cr e dulous a n d t e lls i n a ll s i n
.
,

ce r i t y such m a rv e llous t a l e s O f t h e migh t y a chi e v e m e n t s

O f his p e op l e t h a t t h e r e a de r i s d r a w n t o him by his v e ry

,

l oy a l t y a n d d e vo t io n t o t h e de f e a t e d Go t hi c r a c e i n whos e
gr e a t n e ss h e h a s s o co n fi de n t a be li e f Fo r d e s p i t e th e .

’
f a c t t h a t h e is followi n g cl o s e ly i n a n o t h e r s foo t s t ep s
a n d is givi n g a t s e co n d h a n d pr a c t ic a lly a l l t h e m a t t e rs

O f f a c t h e r e l a t e s his o wn sim pl e t rus t ful pe rs on a li ty so

, ,

pe rv a de s t h e whol e w o rk a s t o a w a k e n sym pa t hy for th e

wri t e r a n d his gre a t t a l e O f t h e lost c a us e .

Ge ti ca L 266
1
.
2 J ORDA N E S I ORI GI N AN D D EE D S O F TH E G OT H S

Th e A u t h o r
’
s Na me
O f hi s li f e l i t t l e is known a pa i t
.

f rom th e sc a n t i n fo rm a t io n co n t a i n e d i n a f e w bri e f s en
t e n ce s O f his o wn Th e v e ry s pe lli n g O f hi s n a m e wa s
.

lo n g a m a t te r O f co n t rov e rsy a n d J a cob Grimm ( f o l 2

,

low e d l a t e r by D i e t rich ) a rgu e d i n f a vor O f t h e form

3

which rs in h firs ri n t e d e d i t io n s o f
J o r n a n d e s ,
a pp ea t e t p
his works B ut th e a u t ho ri t y fo r t his spe lli n g is o n ly
.

t h e s e c on d cl a ss O f m a n uscri pt s whil e t h e n a m e Jor da n e s ,

i s a t te s t e d by th e p rim a ry f a mily O f m a n uscri pt s a n d by

t h e o n ly a n ci e n t a u t ho r w h o me n t i on e s him t h e Geo -

gr aph e r Of R a v en n a .

H i s F a mi l yJord a n e s wa s hims e l f a Go t h an d h e ld
.
4

th e O ffic e O f s e cr e t a ry or n o t a ry ( n o ta r i ns ) i n a n obl e
f a mily O f t h e Go thi c r a c e H e r e is h i s o wn bri e f but .

5
t a n gl e d a ccoun t o f hims e l f an d his a nc e s t ors :
S cyr i v e r o e t S a da g ar ii e t c er ti A l a n or u m cn m duce
'

s n o n o mi n e Ca n d a c S cy th i a in mi n or em i n f eri or e mq n e
M o es i a m a ccepe rn n t cn i n s Cand a ci s A l an ovi i a mn th i s
v
.

p a tr i s mei g e n i t or P a r i a i d es t men s a rms n o ta r i ns q u ons

, ,
'

q n e Ca n da c i p s e vi ve r e t fu i t ei ns q n e g e r ma na e fil i o Gn n
‘

, ,

th i ci s q n i e t B az a di ce ba tu r ma g mi l fil i o A n da g es fili
, , . .
,

A n d e l e de p r os ap i a A ma l om m d e s c e nd e n te eg o i te m
q n a mvi s a g r a ma tus I o r d an n i s a n te conv e r s i o n e mme a m
,

n o ta r i n sfui .

From t hi s pa ss a ge i t a ppea rs t h a t a t t h e t im e O f Att il a s ’

d e a t h ( 4 53 AD ) Ca n da c wa s l e a d e r O f pa rt o f t h e A l a ni
. .

Ca n dac s si s t e r wa s th e wi f e O f t h e O s t r o go t h An da g
’

6
whom Jord a n e s m e n t io n s e ls ewh e re a s t h e sl ay e r O f
Th e o do r id I in t h e B a tt l e O f th e C a t a l a u n i a n Pl a ins This
'

Abh a n dl un g e n de r Be r li n e r Ak a demi e
’
1 84 6, p p . 1 - 59 K l e in e
S ch r i f t e n I I I 1 71 23 5 -
.

a
Ube r di e Au s s p r a ch e d e s Go th i s ch e n ( I 862 ) .

‘
Ge ti ca LX 3 1 6 .

“
L 266 .

XL 209 .
 I NTR O D U CT I O N

A n da g wa s t h e s on O f A nd e l a who wa s d e sc en d e d f rom
Th e s o n O f An dag a n d Ca n da c s
’
t h e f a mily O f t h e A m a li .

sis te r wa s Gu n t h ig i s ( o r B a z a ) whos e not a ry J or da n es ,

wa s P a ri a t h e gra n d f a t h e r O f Jor da n e s h a d s e rv e d
.
, ,

C a n de e in t h e s ame c apa cit y I t would a ppe a r f rom .

Momms e n s t e xt t ha t t h e n am e O f Jord an e s f at h e r was

’ ’

A l a n ovi i amn thi s F o r t his long a n d u n wi e l dly w ord

.

Erh a r dt sugg e s t e d t h e r e a d ing A la n or mn du ci s t o be

7
,

t a k e n in a pp osi t io n wi t h Ca n da ci s Th e co n j e c t ur e .

wa s r e a so n a bl e e n ough ; t h e s e rious Obj e c t io n t o i t is

’
t h e u n n a t ur a l omis s io n O f his f a t h e r s n a m e i n a pa ss a g e

wh e r e Jord an e s i s a vow e d ly givi n g an a ccou n t O f his

Gr i e n be r g e r mor e pl a usibly e x pl a i n s t h e form
3

a s ALAN D U I I A M U Th I S ; t h a t i s th e a bbr e vi a t io n O f
. .
,

Al a n o m m du ci s ( i n a pp osi t ion wi t h th e p r e c e d i n g Ca n da
ci s ) follow e d by th e n ame O f Jor da n e s f a t h e r which ’

woul d t hus be U ii a mn th ( Go t hi c V ei h a mé ths ) .

H i s Na t i o n a l i t y
This Go t hic n a me a cco r ds a ls o wi t h
.

t h e s t a t e m e n t O f t h e a u t ho r hims e l f a s t o hi s n a t io n a l
9
i ty a n d t e n d s t o ov e r t hrow Momms e n s t h e ory t h a t in
’
,

r e a li t y h e b e lo n ge d t o t h e t rib e O f t h e A l an i lik e t h e ,

l e a d e r whom h e s e rv e d 10
No t o n ly is t his a n u n n e ce s
.

s a ry a ss um pt ion bu t i f Jor da n e s b e lo n ge d t o t h a t t rib e

,

h e migh t w e ll be e x pe c t e d t o m e n t i o n t h e f a c t e x p lici t ly
i n t h e pa ss a g e q uo t e d a bov e I t is di fficul t t o fi n d i n t h e .

Ge ti ca a n y such p r e j u d ic e in f a vor O f t he A l a n i a s
M omms en m e n t ions a n d Jo r da n e s h a s c e r t a i n ly n o t
,

'
Go t t i n g i s ch e g e l e h rt e An z e ig e n I 7
t

pp 669 708 .
-
.

Di e V o r f ah r e n des Jo r da n e s Ger man i a 3 4 , p p 4 06 4 09 .

-
.

'
LX 3 1 6 : n e c me q ui s i n f a v or em g e n ti s pr a edi c ta e q ua s i e x ips a ,

tr a h e n ti o r i g i n e m a l i gn a a d di di s s e cr e da t
, .

F r i e dr i c h ( U be r d i e K on t r o v e r s en F r ag en i m L e be n d e s g o t
1"

i s ch en Ge s ch i ch t s ch r e i be r s J o r da n e s Sb ( 1 p h i l os ph i l o l u h i s t K ]
’
-
. . . . . .
, .

d K B Ak d W 1 907, I I I pp 3 79 -4 4 2 ) c i t e s a n u mber o f i n
. . . . . . .

s t an c e s of l ea d er s Of ba r ba r i an t r i be s wh o s e s ec r e t a r i es we r e n ot

of t h e s a me r a ce as t h e ms e l v e s .
4 J OR DA N E S Z O R I GI N A ND D E E DS O F T H E G OT H S

a v a il e d hims e l f O f t h e O ppor t u n i ty h e r e pr e s e n t e d t o
glori fy Ca n dac a s h e could e a sily h a v e do n e i f h e w e r e
,

e a g e r t o bri n g t his r a c e i n t o p romi n e n c e I t s e e ms mo r e .

r e a so n a bl e t h e r e for e t o t a k e his words i n t h e ir simpl e s t

a n d mos t Obvious m e a ning wh e n h e s a ys t h a t h e t ra c e s

hi s de sc e n t f rom t h e r a ce O f t h e Go t hs .

H i s P o s i t i o n i n Li f e O ffic e o f s e cr et a ry in mili. Th e
t a ry li f e was a posi t i o n O f som e d is t i n c t i o n an d wa s ,

11
O f t en con f e rr e d by l ea d e rs upon t h e i r e q ua ls ; i n t his c as e
t h e f a c t t h at P a ri a t h e gr a n d f a t h e r O f Jo r d a n e s h a d h e ld
, ,

a lik e O ffic e u n de r Ca n da c giv e s a dd e d di s ti n ct i o n t o th e t

s e cr e t a ryshi p a s a n honor pe rh a p s h e r e d i ta ry i n t hi s f a m
ily Th e Gu n th ig i s 0 r B a z a whom Jor da n e s s e rv e d h a s
.

b e e n i de n t ifi e d wi t h s om e pl a usibili ty by F r i e dr i ch wi t h12

Go dig i s cl u s a l e a de r O f t h e Go t hs m e n t i o n e d by Proc o
,

13 14
p ius , a n d fur t h e r wi t h t h e B a t z a O f M a rc e llinus Com e s ,

who wa s i n 5 3 6 duet O f t h e Eup hra t e s li mes a n d e n t rus t e d

wi t h t h e de f e n s e O f t h e e m pi re s f a rt h e st fro n t i e r Fri e d ’
.

rich a rgu e s t h a t Jo r da n e s mus t h a v e r e sign e d hi s O ffic e

b e f or e t his y ea r ( si n c e h e sh o ws n o i n t im a t e knowl e dg e
O f A si a ) a c t i n g a s s e cr e t a ry for Gu n t hi i s o n ly d uri n g
, g
t h e t im e t h a t h e wa s s t a t io n e d i n t h e Euro pe a n pa r t o f
t h e E a s t e rn Em pi re an d a cc or d i n gly t h a t a co n sid e r a bl e
,

s pa ce O f ti m e e l a ps e d b et w e e n t h e r e sign a t io n O f his O ffic e

S ee f or exa mp l e
V a l es i an u s 3 8 : A n o n ymu s
Or e s te s P a n
n o n i u s e 0 t e mpo r e , q ua n d o A tti la i n I tatia m v e n i t, se i l li i u n xi t e :

e i u s n o tar i a s fa c t us f u e r a t : u n de pr o fe ci t e t u s q u e a d pa tr i ci a tuu‘

di g n i ta te m pe r ve n i t .

l’
o . c .

“
B e ll . P e rs . I 8 ( on th e y e a rs 502
C omp a r e wi t h t h is t h e me n t i on te mpor i s
'

1 6r eot d v6p es
‘
. Of n os tri

B es s a pa tr i ci a s by J o r da n es i n th e sa me p as s a g e (L 263 - 266
) W ilt'h
Gu n th i ci s mag . mi l .

1‘
O ye a r 536 : l i mi te m E uphr a tes i a e i n g i es s a n bi B a te as
n th e '

d n x e os d e m pa r ti m bla n di ti i s pa r ti m dis tri c ti o n e pa ci fi ca f ovi t e t

i n hi a n tes be l l ar e r e pr es s i t .
 I NT R O D U C T I O N

an d wri t ing o f t h e Ge ti ca
t he At a ll e v e n t s i t i s .
15

e vid e n t t h at Jord a n e s wri t ing i n 5 5 1 wa s a n e l d e rly ma n , ,

wh e n h e compos e d his his t ory : for his gr an d f a t h e r wa s

a lmos t co n t e m p or a ry wi t h t h e B a tt l e O f t h e C a t a l a u n i a n

— —
Pl a ins in 4 5 1 j us t a c e t ury b e or e a n d h e hims e l f h a d
n f
s e rv e d t h e s o n O f a man who h a d t ak en pa rt in th e s a m e
16
co n fl i ct .

H i s E c c l e s i a s t i c a l Co n d i t i o n wor d s a n te c o n . Th e
v e r s i on e m me a m i n t h e p a ss a g e q uo t e d a bov e h a v e o cc a

s i o n e d much d i ff e r e n c e O f O p i n ion wi t h r e g a r d t o t h e

a u t hor s s t a t us d uri n g t h e l a t t e r pa r t O f his l i f e Th e

’ '

p hr a s e h a s b e e n v a riously in t e r p r e t e d a s r e f e rri n g t o
17
conv e rsion to Chris t i a n i ty conv e rsio n from A ri a nism t o ,

18 19
t h e N ic e n e b e li e f e n t r a n c e u p o n t h e mo n a s t ic s t a t e
,
.
,

or m e r e ly a wi t h d r a w a l from e v e ry da y a c t ivi t i e s in t o a
l i f e O f m e di ta t ion a n d q ui e t 20
I t i s by n o m e a ns me c e s .

s a ry t o i n f e r from t h e s e wor d s t h a t Jor da n e s b e c a m e a

mo n k a s M om ms e n sough t t o prov e
,
21
f o r t h e e x p r e ssio n ,

may j us t a s w e ll be u n de rs t oo d t o r e f e r t o e n t r a n c e u pon
t h e l i f e O f a n e ccl e si a s t ic 22
a n d Jor da n e s i s p rob a bly t o ,

‘5
In f u r th e r s u pp o r t of wh i ch see t h e l e t t er t o V i g i li u s p r e f a ce d
t o t h e R o ma n a : me l o ng o pe r te mpo r e d o r mi e n te m v es tr i s ta n dem
i n te r r og a ti o n i bn s e x ci ta s ti s .

1°
S e e E r h a r dt, LC .

B e r g mii l l e r E i n i g e ,
B e mer k un g e n zur La t i n i t a t d e s J o r d an e s .

P r o g r A ug s bu r g 1 903
. .

1”
E be r t , Al l g e me i n e Ge s c h i c h t e de r Li t e r at u r de s M i t t e l a l te r s
-

( Le i p z i g p 557 n 2 .
, . .

S O M o mms en f o l l o wi n g M u r at o r i ( S cr i pt o r es r e r u m I ta l i ca r u m
1”
,

V ol I .
,
I n s u p p o r t o f hi s v i e w h e q u o t e s t h e p r e f a c e o f t h e
d e o r th og ra phi a o f Ca s s i o do r u s ( g r a mm La t e d K e i l 7 I 4 4 ) . . .
,

pos t c o mme n ta ps a l te r i i u bi c o n v er s i o n i s me a e t e mpor e

,

pr i mu m s ta di u m l a bo r i s i mpe n di .

pp 3 9 5 4 02 f e e l s c o n vi n c e d t h a t h e be ca me a
2”
F r i e d r i ch ,
.
-
,

r e l i g i os a s .

’1
M o mms en cl a i me d f u r th e r t h at h e wr o t e i n a M o e s i an T h r a ci an ,

o r I ll y r i a n M o n a s t e r y ( I n t r o du c t i o n t o th e Ge ti ca p i x a n d M o mm .
,

s e n s e d i t i o n o f M a r c e lli n u s C o me s p
—
’
.

S e e S i ms o n Neu e s Ar c hi v 22 pp 74 1 74 3 ; Po p e Ge l a s i u s I
22
.
, ,
6 J ORDA N E s : ORI GI N A ND D EEDS OF T H E G OT H S

be i de n t ifi e d wi t h t h e B ishop J or da n e s O f Cr o to n a wh o
wa s w i t h Pope Vigilius i n Co n s t an t i n o pl e i n th e
y ea r 5
Momms e n O pp os e d t h e t h e ory t h a t Jord a n e s wa s a
bisho p, a ss e rt i n g t h a t h e b e c a m e a n d re m a i n e d a sim pl e
m on k Y e t t h e firs t cl a ss O f m an uscri pt s c a lls him ep i s
.

c opus
z4
i n t h e t i tl e of t h e R o ma na whil e t h e t hir d cl a ss , ,

i n t h e t i t l e O f t h e Ge ti ca s pe a ks O f him a s B isho p O f ,

Ra v en n a This h e c e r ta i n ly wa s n o t a s Mur a t ori

.
,

25
show e d b a sing his p roo f o n an e x t r e m e ly a ccur at e li s t
,

O f th e a rchbisho ps Of R a v e nn a by Rub e ns Ugh e ll i a n d ,

o t h e rs More ov e r we fi n d n o t r a c e O f Jo rd a n e s i n t h e
.

liv e s O f t h e s e pr e l a t e s by Ag n e ll u s wh o wro t e i n t h e ,

ni n t h c e n t ury u n de r t h e Em pe ror L o th a r I I t i s h a rd .

t o b e li e v e t h a t h e could h a v e e sc a pe d t h e inv e s t ig a t i ons

O f Ag n e l l u s pa r t icul a rly a s t h e church a t R a v en n a wa s
,

so c e l e bra t e d a n d a bun da nt ly su ppli e d wi t h r e co rds .

S imso n s a tte m pt t o s how t h at Jor da n e s was possibly a

’ 26

bisho p O f A fric a wa s n o t v e ry succ e ss ful a n d h a s found ,

f e w su ppor t e rs B u t t h e r e wa s a B isho p O f Cr o t on a
.

n a m e d J o r da n e s wh o wa s i n Cons t a n t i n o l e wi t h Po e
‘

p p
Vigilius in t h e y ea r 55 1 a n d i t s eems r e a so n ably ce r ,

t a in t h a t h e is i de n t ic a l wi t h t h e a u t hor O f t h e Ge ti ca 27
.

W e fi n d m e n t io n O f Bisho p Jord a n e s i n t h e d ocum e n t

( Th i e l p 3 7o )
. s u b r e l i g i os a e c o n v e r s i o n i s o bt e n tu v e l a d mon as ter i o
s es e c o n e r r e, f v el
'
ad e c c l e s i a s ti cu m f a mu l a tu m i n difi e r e n te r
ad mi t ti .

S e e be l o w wa s
2"
(p .
7 T he r e als o a I or da n es d ef e n s o r e cc l e

s iu e R o ma na e i n 5 56 ( me n t i o n e d by P o p e P e l ag i u s i n hi s fi f t h ‘

l e t t e r t o t h e bi s h o p s o f Tu s c i a M a n s i 9 , ,

S O a l s o S i g ebe r t o f Ge mbl o u x d e s cri pt e c cl 3 5 :

2‘
I a r da n u s , . .

e pis c opus Go th o r u m s cr i ps i t h i s tor i a m .

25
M u r a t o r i , S cr ipt or e s 1 , I 89 .

N A 22 74 1 74 7
2"
. .
,
-
.

Amo n g t h e a dh e r e n t s t o t h i s t h e o r y
”
a re B e s s e l l , Ca s s e l l , E r
ha r dt Gr i mm v o n Gu t sch mi d M a n i t i u s
, , ,
-
,
M a r t en s , S ch i r r en an d

W a tt e n ba ch .
 I NT R O D U CT I O N

known a s the D a mna ti o Th e o d o r i 28

in which the Po pe
s a ys : n os cu m D a ci o M e di o l a n e n s i P as ch as i a
A l e tr i n o a tq u e I o r dan e Cr o ton e ns i f r a tr i bus et e p opi s
i s c

n os tr i s A s Bisho p O f Cr o t o n a B r u tt i um Jor da n e s in
m
.

woul d h a v e l iv e d n ot f a r fr o m t h e mo n a s t e ry ( o n as
t e r i u m Vi va r i e n s e ) t o which C a ssi odorus h a d r e t ir e d i n
his Ol d a g e H e r e t h e n i s t h e o n e pl a c e wh e r e h e migh t
.

e a sily h a v e Ob t a in e d t h e t w e lv e books O f t h e Go t hic H is

29
t ory O f C a ssi o d orus an d hi s i n a bili t y t o r e f e r t o t h e m
,

l a t e r wh e n h e wa s a c t u a lly wri t i n g his com pil a t io n 30

woul d be e xp l a in e d by his a bs e n c e in Co n s t a n t i n o pl e .

I t i s fur t h e rmor e p rob a bl e t h a t h e wro t e his work a t

Cons t a nt in opl e b e c a us e O f h i s e vid e n t ign or a nc e O f t h e
l a t e r a n d co n t e m p or a ry e v e n t s i n I t a ly a n d his a ccur a t e
k n owl e dg e O f t h e t r e n d O f aff a i rs i n t h e E a s t e r n Em
31
p i r e .H is e ulog y O f t h e Em p e ror Jus t i n i a n a n d hi s
ge n e r a l B e lis a ri u s is a lso j us t wh a t might be e x pe c t e d
from o n e wh o wrot e i n t h e vici n i ty o f t h e imp e ri a l cour t .

An d fin a lly i t h a s b e en p oi n t e d o u t t h a t his wor d s t o

Ca s t a li u s in t h e i n t ro d uc t io n t o t h e Ge ti ca : s i q u i d p a r um
di c tu m es t e t tu u t v i ci n us g e n ti c o mme mo r a s a dde a r e
, , , ,

pe culi a rly a pp ro p ri a t e i f we ma y su ppos e t h a t hi s fri e n d

wa s a f e llow t ow n sm a n O f h i s a n d liv e d a t Cr o t on a which
-
,

wa s i n clos e co n t a c t w i t h t h e Go t hs bu t n o t a c t u a lly in
t h e i r poss e ssion .

Th e f a c t t h a t t h e R o ma n a i s de d ic a te d t o a Vigilius h a s
m a de t his t h e ory s t ill mor e pl a usibl e a n d i t i s h a r d t o ,

a void t h e co n clusion t h a t t his Vigilius i s t h e Po pe O f

32
th at n a m e Momms e n follows Eb e r t in de n yi n g e v e n
.

A c ta t o m 5, p Man si
28
c on ci l . . 13 14 ;
-
9 , p 60 . .

be l o w
”
S ee
. (p .

Ge ti ca p r e f a c e 2
3"
.
,

p p 4 02 4 2 8 ) i n s u pp o r t O f h i s t h e o ry t h a t J o r
31
F r i e d r i ch .
-

da n e s wr o t e i n T h e s s a l o n i c a c i t e s a r g u me n t s wh i ch i n di c a t e a n
e as t e r n ra t h e r th a n a we s t e r n o r i gin of th e wo r k and wh i c h are

at leas t e qu al l y a pp l i c abl e Co n s t a n t i n o pl e
to .

”
Ge s ch i ch t e d . ch r i s t li c h l a t Li t I , pp 556 562
. . .
-
8 J O R DA N E S : O RI G I N A ND D E E DS OF T H E G OT H S

t h e po ssibili t y Of t his , an d
F ri e d rich s t ill mor e sco rn fully .

33
r e j ec t s t h e hy p o t h e sis ; t h e i r a rgum e n t s a r e b a s e d o n
bo t h t h e f o rm a n d t h e co n t e n t O f t h e l e tt e r t o Vigilius
which fo rms t h e i n t ro duc t i o n t o t h e R o ma n a Wi t h r e .

ga r d t o t h e s a lu t a t io n n o bi l i s s i me fr a te r a n d l a te r n ovi
, ,

li s s i me e t ma g n i fic e fr a te r whil e i t is n o t i n de e d t h e , , ,

way i n which a s im pl e monk woul d h a v e a dd re ss e d t h e

o
p p y e e t a bisho
, p migh t p e rh a p s u s e such e x p r e ssi o ns to

o n e wh o wa s his fri e n d
34
An d a s Grimm h a s poi n t e d o u t.
, ,

t h e s e w o r d s O f gr e e t i n g sou n d mor e r e s pe c t ful t h a n th e

fr a te r Cos ta li a n d fr a t er car i s s i me i n t h e o pe n i n g s e c t io n s
O f th e Ge ti ca 35
Ev e n so fr a te r ca r i s s i me is t h e v e ry
.
,

s a lut a t io n us e d by Cy pri a n B isho p O f C a r t h a ge i n a , ,

36
l e tt e r t o t h e Rom a n Po pe Cor n e lius i n t h e y e a r 2 50
251 a n d a g a i n i n 4 3 3 we fi n d Joh n
, B isho p o f A n t ioch , ,

“ ” 7
a dd r e ssi n g Po pe X ys t us sim ply as bro t h e r .

I t will be r e m e mb e r e d t o o t h a t Po pe Vigilius h e ld t h e
O ffic e u n d e r t ryi n g circu ms t a n c e s which det r a c t e d from
33
p .
4 33 : S o t o r i chit s p r i ch t ke in B i s ch o f O de r gar ein mi s ch e r
ro
-

d ef e n s o r e cc l e s ia e z u e i n e m P ap s t . Oth e r s wh o ag re e wi t h Mo mm
s en ou t h i s p o i nt a re Te u ff e l 4 85 an d W e rn e r ,
D i e La t i n i t at de r
Ge t i c a d e s J o r d a n i s H a l l e ,
1 9 08 .

“
Kl ein er e S ch r i f t e n 3 pp , . 1 71 - 2 3 5 .

F r i e d r i c h c l a i ms t h a t n o me n t c a n be ba s e d u p o n a co m
35
a rg u

p a r i s o n O f th e s a l u t a t i o n s o f t h e s e t wo l e tt e r s b e c a u s e t h e i n t r o
duct i o n O f t h e Ge ti ca i s bo r r o we d f r o m Ru fi n u s a s s e r t i n g t h a t ,

ev e n t h e wo r ds f r a ter Ca s ta l i me r e l y co r r e sp o n d t o t h e f r a t e r
H e r a c l i o f t h a t a u t h o r ! A n d s i n ce mag n ifi cu s wa s a t i t l e O f r e s p e ct '

be s t o we d u p o n t h e h o l d e r s o f c e r t a i n O ffi ce s O f i mp o r t a n ce h e ,

wo u l d s e e i n J o r da n e s Ca s t a l i u s an d V i g i li u s t h r e e me n i n s e cu l a r
,

l i f e , p e r ha p s v et e ra n s O f t h e imp e ri a l a r m Y e t F r i e dr i ch e l s e y .

wh e r e ca l l s a t t e n ti o n t o t h e f ac t t h a t P o p e V i g i l i u s wa s O f d i s
t i n gu i s h e d a n c es t r , a Ro ma n a n d t h e s o n O f a co n s u l , whi ch mi g h t
y
i n i t s el f acc o u n t fo r s u ch a t itl e of f u r th e r t h e u s e
r e s p e ct , an d

of th e wo r d f r a t e r i n bo t h l e tt e r s i s a s i g n i fi c an t f a c t ; i t s u r e l y
s avo r s mo r e o f e ccl e s i a s t i ca l t h an mi l i t a ry l i f e .

“
In E pi s t r o ma n po n ti f
. . . ed . Con s t a n t , P a ris 1721, pp . 1 2 5,

1 3 1, I 39 .

8'
I bi d .
p . 1 24 2 .
I O J OR DA N E S Z ORI GI N AN D D EE D S O F TH E G OT H S

an e xhor t a t io n t o a fri e n d bi dd ing him t o follow his

,

o wn e x a m pl e r e n ou n c e t h e worl d a n d b e com e a m on k
, , ,

“ ”
why s houl d J or da n e s a lr e a dy a d d r e ss him a s bro t h e r
a n d a s k for his p r a y e rs ? On t h e con t r a ry we c a n e a sily ,

u n de rs t a n d t h e s e wo r d s a s a n a tt e m pt o n t h e p a rt Of
Jor da n e s t o con sol e his d is t i n guish e d fri e n d i n th e mi d s t
Of his t a ri ls — a n d we h a v e s ee n t h a t t hi s pope h a d hi s

sh a r e O f c a r e s a n d t ribul a t io n s —by r e c a lli n g t o his min d

t h e d is a s t e rs t h a t h a v e ov e r t ak e n men in a l l a g e s a n d ,

by e xhort i n g him a n e w t o fi n d fre e dom f rom a n xi e ty i n

t rus t i n g Go d s pur p os e s whil e h e co n t i n u e s s t ea d f a s t i n
’

d oi n g wh a t h e f e e ls i s t h e d ivi n e wil l a n d pe rsis t s i n ,

t h a t l o v e O f Go d a n d O f his n e ighbor which i s t h e f u l

filli n g O f t h e l a w .

H i s L i t e rary A ct iv i t y Th e r e a r e t wo books t h a t
"

h av e com e down u n de r t h e n a m e O f Jord a n e s On e is a .

compe n dium O f u n iv e rs a l his t ory which h e e n t i t l e d D e ,

s u mma te mp o ru m v e l o r i gi n e a c ti bus q u e g en ti s R oma n

or u m . Th e o t h e r i s t h e a bbr e vi a t ion O f t h e G o t hic H is

t ory O f C a ssiodorus a l a rg e work O f t w e lv e books which
,

Jor da n e s r e duc e d t o t h e sm a ll pa mphl et which a lo n e h a s

surviv e d This lik e t h e origi n a l work O f which i t i s
.
,

a n a bri dgm e n t i s e n t i t l e d D e or i gi n e a c ti bus q u e Ge

,

ta r u m . Th e t e rms R oma n a a n d Ge ti ca i n t ro duc e d by ,

Momms e n a r e mos t conv e n i e n t for c o m pe n d i ous r e f e r

,

e n c e t o t h e t wo works .

A s we l e a r n from Jord a n e s hims e l f i n th e i n t roduc t ory

s e c t io n s O f t h e Ge ti ca h e wa s e n gag e d in t h e work O f
,

“
t h a t i s h e wa s wri t
”
t h e a bbr e vi a t io n O f t h e Chro n icl e s , ,

i n g t h e R oma n o wh e n hi s f ri e n d Ca s t a li u s r e q u e s t e d him
,

t o u n de r t a k e t h e com p os it ion O f t h e Go t hi c H is t ory SO .

l a ying a si d e f or a t im e t he work h e h a d i n h a n d ( whic h

was prob ably a lmos t compl e t e d ) h e firs t w ro t e a n d pub ,

l i s h e d t h e Ge ti ca an d t h e n r e t ur n e d t o t h e R o ma n o Th e .
 I NTR ODU CT I O N

l a tte r work wa s de dic a t e d to Vigilius an d s en t to him

wi th t h e Ge ti ea 4 0
.

W h ere we r e wr i t t e n
t h e bo o k s Wh e r e Jor da n e s .

wa s wh e n h e wro t e t h e s e books is a m a tt e r o f d is pu t e .

O f cours e i f t h e a u t hor c an be id e n t i fi e d wi t h t h at B isho p

J ord a n e s who a cc om pan i e d Pope Vigilius t o Cons t an t i
n o pl e , t hi s di ffi cul t y i s a t o n c e cl e a r e d u p ; a n d we h a v e

t ri e d t o show t h e r e a so n a bl e n e ss O f t his t h e ory .

Momms e n b e li e v ed t h a t Jor da n e s m a k e s his whol e

n a rr a t iv e hi n ge upo n t h e hom e O f his a n c e st ors n a m e ly ,

t h e t wo R o m a n p rovi n c e s O f S cy t hi a wi t h i t s c a pi t a l a t ,

Tomi a n d M oe si a I n f e ri or wi t h i t s c api t a l a t M a r
, ,

c i a n o pl e H e fou n d t o o t h at t h e r e is a n e normously d i s
.

p ro p o rt ion a t e numb e r O f M oe s i a n n a m e s i n th e Ge ti ca
compa r e d wi t h t hos e b e longi n g t o o t h e r provi n c e s O f t h e
e m i re H b e li v e d h e coul d d i scov e r a p ushi n g for
p . e e

w a rd O f Mo e si a a n d Thr a c e a n d a n i n t im a t e a c q u a in t a n c e
wi t h t h e s e r e gions from which h e dr e w t h e co n clusion
,

t h a t Jor da n e s was hims e l f a M o e s o Go t h dw e lli n g i n t hi s -

pa r t O f t h e cou n t ry a n d t h a t h e wro te hi s book pe rh a p s

,

a t Tomi M a r c i a n o pl e o r
,

An d y e t a s Erh a r dt a n d Sc hi rr e n h a v e show n e v e n
,
42 4 3
,

’
gra n t i n g M omms e n s pr e mis e s t h e c o n clusio n s h e dr a ws ,

t h e r e from d o n o t n e c e ss a rily f ollow F o r t h e s e r e gions .

w e r e i n a s e ns e t h e cr a dl e O f t h e r a c e a n d mus t n at ur a lly ,

h a v e a c e n t ra l i n t e r e s t f or a ll Got hs an d t h e subj e c t ,

i t s e l f m ak e s i t p ro pe r t h a t t h e y shoul d be pl a c e d in th e
’
f or e grou n d Jo r da n e s pe rs on a l k n owl e dg e o f t h e coun
.

t ry may be e a sily e x pl a in e d by hi s p r e vious Offi ce a s no t a ry ,

a n d i t i s n o t n e c e ss a ry t o a ssum e t h a t h e cont i n u e d t o

S e e t h e l e tt e r t o V ig il i u s 4 .

“
F r i e d r i ch ( p p 4 02 4 28 ) .
-
a dd u ce s a nu mbe r of a rgu me n ts i n
s up p o r t o f a n ea stern o r ig i n , an d f avo r s T h e s s a l o n i ca as t h e p l ace
Of wr i t i n g .

GOtt g e l A n z ei g e n 1 886 N 1 7 p 669

”
. . . . .

“
D e u t s ch e Li t e r a t u r z e i t u n g 1 882 N 4 0 p . . 1 4 20 .
I 2 J ORDA N E S Z O RI G I N AND D E E DS O F TH E G OT H S

dw e ll i n Mo e si a a n d wro te his book s t h e r e j us t b e c a us e h e

shows a n i n t im a te a c q u a i n t an c e w i t h t h e s e r e gio n s I n .

f a c t wh e n J or da n e s borrow ed t h e work O f C a ssio dorus

,

f rom his s te w a r d ( di s p ens a tor ) f o r a t hr e e da ys r ea d ’

i g
n
4 4
h e mus t n a t ur a lly h a v e liv e d— for t h e t im e a t l e a s t
i n t h e n e ighborh o o d O f wh e r e t h e boo k was a n d we know ,

t h a t C a ssio d orus liv e d o n l y i n B r u tt i u m

45
O f cou rs e i t .

d o e s n o t follow t h a t Jord a n e s wro t e i n t h e pl a c e wh e r e

h e r e a d t h e b oo k O f C a ssiodorus f o r his o wn l a n gu a g e ,

i n d ic a te s a com posi t io n co n si de ra bly l a t e r t h a n t h e r ea d

in g . Th e w e igh t O f e vi de n c e i s s t ill i n f a vor O f Cons t a n
t i n Opl e r a t h e r t h a n Mo e si a Th e v e ry f a c t t h a t h e c a lls
.

u po n t h e a bs e n t Ca s t a l i us t o corrobor a t e his s ta t e m e n t s
“
as a n e igh bor t o t h e r a c e s e e ms t o show t h a t h e wro t e
f rom t h e n o n Got hic Cons t a n t inopl e a n d n o t from
-
,

Mo e si a wh e r e r em n a n t s O f th e Go t hic r a c e w e r e s t ill
,

dw e lli n g i n t h e i r a n c e s t ra l re gio n s .

Dat e of C o mp o s i t i o n of th e R o ma n a , 5 5 1 A D
Th e r e .

c a n be l i t t l e d oub t wi t h r e g a r d t o t h e d a t e O f t h e com pl e t e d

co m p osi t io n O f t h e R oman a f o r Jor da n e s hims e l f s ays i n

,

his in t ro d uc t i on t h a t h e wrot e i t i n vi ce n s imo q ua r to

4 6

a n n o I us ti n i a n i i mpe r a tor i s a n d a g a i n in t h e bo dy O f t h e
,

work we fi n d t his s e n te n c e : I us ti n i a n us i mp e ra t or r egn a t

17 ‘

i a m i u ba n te d o mi n o a r m XXI I I I Th e t w e n ty four t h y e a r
.
-

o f t h e re ign O f J u s t i n i a n i s t h e y e a r b egin n i n g A pril I

‘

55 1 .Th e co n t en t O f t h e work is i n a gr e e m e n t wi t h t h e s e
s t a t e m e n t s O f t h e a u t hor f o r we fi n d r e cor d e d th e de a t h
,

O f Ge rma n u s which o c curre d i n t h e a u t um n O f 550 an d

4 8

t h e bi r t h O f his po s t humous s o n M e n t ion is lik e wis e .

“ 4 9
B u lg a r u m A n ti u m
”
m a de O f t h e da ily i ns tan ti a ,

“ G ti c
e a p r e f ace 2 .

“
SO W . A i n Li t Ce n t r a l bl a t t
. . 1 883 p . 1 060 .

R o ma n o 4 .

R o ma no 3 63 .

R o ma n a 3 83 .

“
R o ma n o 3 88 .
 I N T R OD U CT I O N

et S cl avi n or u m ( t h a t i s , t h e ir x pe d i t io n i n t o Thr a c e in
e

an d fi n a l ly 50
O f t h e vic t ory O f t h e L omb a r d s ov e r
the G epi dae in 5 5 1 . On t h e o t h e r h a n d t h e re is n O me n ,

t i o n o f l a t e r e v e nt s .

O f t h e Ge t i c a , ‘5 5! A D . . I f t h e n Jor d an e s wrot e t h e
Ge ti ca a fte r b e gu n t h e R oma n o a n d publish e d i t
h e h ad ,

firs t we may co n clu de t h a t i t t o o wa s wr i t t e n i n 55 1 I n

,
.

t his work a ls o we fi nd t h e dea t h O f G e rm a n n s m e n t io n e d ,

whil e t h e r e i s n o r e cor d O f e v e n t s l a t e r t h a n t hos e re

cou n t e d i n t h e R o ma n o Fur t h e rm o r e h e s pe a ks O f t h e .
,

e m a n u os e xpe r ti s a mus
51
p l a gu e q u o d n o s a n t e h o s n o t/ .

No w t hi s is prob a bly th e pe s t il en c e which a ros e in E gy pt 52

i n 54 1 r ea ch e d Byz a n t ium in O c t ob e r 54 2 a n d t h e r e
, ,

c a us e d gr e a t d e sol a t io n f or f our mo n t hs a n d fi n a lly in ,

5 3
4 d e v a s t a t e d I t a ly S O t his t oo s e
. rv e s t o su pp or t t h e

o pi n i o n t h a t th e Ge ti ca wa s wri t te n i n 5 5 1 Jor dan e s .

s a ys t o be su re i n t h e p r e f a c e t o t h e Ro ma n o t h a t h e h a s
, ,

i a m d u du m
“
publish e d t h e Ge ti ca bu t t his e x p r e ssio n
”

may r e a d ily i n d ic a t e a s shor t a n i n t e rv a l a s s e v e r a l

mont hs .

Na t u r e of th e W o rk NOW
lr e a dy s e e n Jor d a n e s
. as a ,

hims e l f a dmi t s t h a t th e Ge ti ca i s m e r e ly a n a bri dgm e n t

O f t h e his t ory O f C a ssio do rus Fur t h e rmor e h e cl a ims .

t h a t i n wri t i n g i t h e wa s oblig e d t o r e ly l a rg e ly u po n his

m e mory a s h e di d n o t h a v e t h e origi n a l work b e f o r e him

,

a t t h e t im e
53
H e s a ys O f t h e t w e lv e books O f t h e Go t hic
.

54 “
H is t ory : Th e w or d s I r e c a ll n o t bu t t h e s e n s e a n d t h e ,

de e d s r e l a t e d I t hi n k I r e t a in e n t i r e TO t his I h a v e a dde d .

fi tt i n g m a t t e rs from s om e Gr e e k a n d La t i n hi st o ri e s I
. .

R o ma no 3 86, 3 87; P r o co p i u s be l l . Go th 4 .
, 25 p . 638 .

Ge ti c a x i x 1 04 .

”
S e e Cl i n t o n F a s t i f o r 54 2
’
'
s .

F r i e d r i ch ( p 4 38 ) fl a t l y r e f u s e s t o be l i e v e th i s men t :
t”
. s tat e Er
h a t te s i e i a i n W i r k l i ch k e i t v o r s i ch ”
.

“
Ge ti ca p r e f a ce 2, 3 .
I 4 J ORDA N E S I ORI GI N AND D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

h a v e a lso p ut in a n i n t ro d uc t io n a n d a co n clusion ,
an d

h a v e i n s e r t e d m a ny t hi n gs O f my o wn a u t horshi p
”
.

H i s O ri gin a l i t y Th e s e a r e s t a t em en t s h a r d t o b e li ev e
. .

55
H i s i n t ro d uc t io n a s W e sh a ll se e
,
i s t ak e n a lmos t wor d
,

f o r wor d from Ru fi n us At t h e en d O f th e work i n r e

.
,

l a t i n g e v e n t s n o t fou n d i n th e work O f C a ssio d orus h e ,

m a k e s u s e O f M a rc e lli n us Com e s a s a n a u t hori ty w i t hout

o n c e m e n t io n i n g him—t hough t o be sur e we must cr e di t
h i m h e r e wi t h fi r s t h a n d q u ot a t io n
-
Mos t O f t h e six te e n
.

a u t hors from whom h e q uo t e s a s i f from p e rso n a l knowl

e d g e w e r e p e rh a p s n o t k n own t o him a t a l l e xc e pt a t

s e co n d h a n d for in t h e R omana wri tt e n bu t a shor t

, ,

t im e b e for e h e a pp a r e n t ly knows no t hi n g O f t h e s e sourc e s

, ,

e v e n wh e n r e l a t ing t he s a m e e v e n t s on whic h h e ci t e s

t h e m a s a u t hori t i e s i n t h e Ge ti ca Th e i n f e r e n c e is t h a t
.

h e h as t a k e n ov e r q uo t at i o n s a n d r e f e r e n c e s t o sourc e s
“
d ir e c t ly from t h e work O f C a ssiodorus A s t o t h e m a ny .

t hi n gs O f my o wn a u t horshi p which Jor da n e s cl a ims t o

h a v e i n s e rt e d i t is d i fficul t i n de e d t o loc at e m a ny o f
,

the s e .Momm s e n go e s so f a r a s t o b e li e v e t h at a lmos t hi s

s ol e origi n a l co n t ribu t ion co n sis t s in q uo t a t i o n s f rom
56 ’
O rosius a t firs t h a nd ! Th e un f a i rn e s s O f Momms e n s
V i e w li e s i n t h e f a ct t h a t h e ov e rlook s t h e
pe rso n a l t on e
O f th e s tyl e O f Jor da n e s which colors t h e e n t ir e work
, ,

a n d t h a t h e mi n imi z e s t h e e vi d e n t j o i n ing a n d fi tt ing t h a t

ha ve t o be do ne t o con n e c t t h e pa r t s O f t h e n a rr a t iv e
'

P e rh a ps Jord a n e s do e s li tt l e mor e t h a n bow in a n d bow

o u t hi s a u t hors a s t h ey a ppe a r a n d d is a ppe a r ; bu t t hi s a t

l e a st h e d o e s Mo r e ov e r we mus t n o t un d e r e s t ima t e o u r
.

i n de b t e dn e ss t o t his e ccl e sia s t i c whos e com p il e d book h a s '

b e com e p ra c t ic a lly t h e s ol e a u t hori t y f o r much Of o u r

i n form a t io n about t h e Go t hs a n d no t a bly f o r t h e B att l e
,

“
Li t e r ar y S ou rc e s ( p .

S e e Li t e r a r y S o u r c e s (p .
 I N TR ODU CTI ON

C a t a l a u n i a n Pl a i n s ( 4 5 1 A D ) a n d Att il a s me m
’
Of t he . .

o r a bl e d e f e a t so f a r r e a chi n g i n i t s c o n s eq u en c e s
,
-
.

Ca s s i o d o r u s S e n a t o r C a ssiodo ru s S en a t or th e gr e a t
.
,

s t a t e sm a n a nd ma n O f l e tt e rs who wa s s e cr e t a ry bot h t o ,

Th e odoric t h e Gre a t a n d t o At h a l a r i c his gr a ndso n a n d ,

succ e ssor wro t e hi s his t o ry at t h e pe rs on a l bid d i n g O f

,

Th e o doric 5 7
I n i t ( as C a ssi odorus hims e l f s a ys i n a
’

“
s pe e ch
58
w ri tt e n f o r t h e y ou n g Ki n g Ath a l a r i c ) h e
c a rri e d his r e s e a rch e s u p t o t h e v e ry cra dl e O f t h e Go t hi c
r a c e g at h e ri n g fr o m th e s t or e s O f his l e a rn i n g wh a t e v e n
,

ho a r a n t i q ui ty sc a rc e r e m e mb e re d H e d r e w for t h t h e .

ki n gs O f t h e Got hs from t h e d im lurki n g pl a c e O f a ge s -

,

r e s t ori n g t o t h e A m a l li n e t h e s p l e n dor t h a t t ruly b e longe d

t o i t a n d c l e a rly p rovi n g t h a t f or s e v e n t e e n g e n e r a t i o ns
,

A th a l a r i c s a n c e s t ors h a d b e e n kings Thus d i d h e a ssign

’
.

a Rom a n origin t o Go t hic his t ory w e a ving a s i t w e r e i n t o ,

o n e ch a p l et t h e flow e rs which h e h a d cull e d from t h e

”

p a g e s O f wi d e ly sc a t t e r e d a u t hors .

Co n sid e r t h e re for e At h a l a r i c c o n t inu e s i n his a d

,
”

“
d r e ss t o t h e R om a n s e n a t e wh a t l ov e h e show e d t o y o u
,

in p r a isi n g us by his p roo f th a t t h e n a t i o n O f you r s ov e t

,

e ig n h a s b e e n from a n t i q ui ty a m a rv e llo u s pe o pl e ; so t h a t

y e who from t h e da ys O f y o ur for e f a t h e rs h a v e e v e r b e e n

d e e m e d n obl e a r e s t ill rul e d by t h e a nc i en t p r og e n y o f
,

”
kings .

Th e A i m Of H i s i n t e n t io n t h e n wa s t o
Ca s s i o d o r u s .

re con ci l e t h e Rom a n s t o t h e rul e O f t hos e whom th e y

r e g a r d e d a s b a rb a ri a n s by glori fyi n g t h e Go t hic r a c e i n
ge n e r a l t r a ci n g i t s his t ory b ack i n t o t h e di m pa s t a n d
,

b ri n gi n g i t i n t o clos e co n t a c t wi t h t h e gr e a t cl a ssic a l n a
t io n s O f a n t i q ui t y a n d t o e x a l t i n pa r t icul a r t h e H ous e O f
,

“
A n e c d o t o n H o ld e r i p 4 ; an d s e e th e Li t e r a r y S o u r ce s
’
U s en e r s .

(p . Ou t h e s p e lli n g Cas s i d o r ( i ) u s se e 'M a n i t i u s Ge s ch i c h t e

'
, ,

d e r L a t e i n i s c h e n L i t e r at u r d e s M i t t e l a l t e r s 1 p a g e 3 9 , .

Ca s s i o do ru s V a r 9 2 5 H o dg k i n s v e r s i o n T h i s i s a eu l o g y O f
5‘ ’
. .
, ,

Ca s s i o do r us upo n h i s a pp o i n tmen t a s P r a e t o ri an P r e f e c t i n 53 3 A D . .
1 6 J o RDA N E s : O RI GI N AND DE E D S OF T H E G OT H S

the A m a li a li n e O f ki n gs from whom Th e o d oric t r a c e d

,

hi s d e sc e n t I n or de r t o win for his r a c e a pl a c e i n t h e

.

r e mo te pa s t h e i de n t ifi e d t h e Go t hs wi t h t h e G e t a e a n d
wi t h t h e Scy t hi a n s—a v e ry v a gu e t e rm which cov e r e d
,

p r a c t ic a lly a l l t h e t rib e s who h a d t h e i r hom e s e a s t O f t h e

Vis t ul a a n d D a n ub e a n d n ort h O f t h e Bl a ck S e a A n d .

t h e A m a zo n s a ccor d i n g t o his a ccou n t

, w e r e Go t hic ,

wom e n Though h e may h a v e don e t his i n goo d f a i t h

.
,

t h e s e a r e mis t a k e n i d e n t ific a t i o n s a n d a ccordi n gly we ,

mus t r ej e c t a s e vid en c e f o r t ru e his t ory t h e ch a pt e rs t h a t

59
d e a l wi t h t h e s e pe o pl e s .

Th e A i m of
J o r d an e s Wh e n Jor da n e s wro t e his .

a bridgm e n t O f t hi s gr e a t wo rk h e r e s t e d his ho pe for ,

t h e fu t ur e O f t h e Go t hi c r a c e a s much u po n t h e R om a ns
a s u p o n hi s o wn pe o pl e I t i s t h e unio n O f t h e t wo r a c e s .

t h a t h e f e e ls sur e will bring p ea c e a n d p ros pe ri t y t o bo t h

60
i n t h e d ays t o com e S O h e r e f e rs fr e q u e n t ly t o th e
.

m a rri a ge O f M a t h es ue n th a t h e Go t h t o Ge r man u s t h e
Rom a n a n d O f t h e i r you n g s o n Ge rma n u s h e s a ys :
,
61

“
Thi s u n io n O f t h e r a c e O f t h e An i ci i wi t h t h e s t oc k O f
t h e A m a li giv e s hope ful p romis e by t h e L or d s f a vor
’

, ,

”
t o bo t h pe o pl e s .

S O i t is e vi d e n t t h a t t h e Ge ti ca t hough p rim a rily a his

w
,

t o r i ca l ork n at ur a lly co n clu de s s om e wh a t i n th e m a n n e r

,

O f a p oli t ic a l pa m phl e t p or t r ayi n g t h e r e co n cil e m e nt O f ,

Go t h a n d Rom a n un d e r th e ben e fi cen t rul e O f Jus t i n i a n .

L an gu a g e a n d S t yl e To t h e s t u de n t o f cl a ssic a l .
61 a

L a t i n on ly t h e t e x t O f Jord a n e s a s e xhibi t e d in M o mm
,

5"
H o dg k i n o mi t s e n ti r el y ch a p t e r s V X I I I o f t h e Ge ti ca i n u s in g -

J o r da n e s a s a s o u r c e .

XI V 8 1 XLV I I I 2 5 1 LX 3 1 4 , ,
.

“
LX 3 1 4 .

“
Th e L a ti n i ty O f J or da n e s h a s be en i n v e s t i g a t e d by W o l ffli n
a

( A r ch f . . l . Lex . II ,
B e r gmii tl l e r ( Au g s bu r g an d mo s t-

r e ce n t l y an d e x h a u s t i ve l y by .F r i tz W e r n e r ( H a lle wh o s e
sa t i s f a ct o r y e x po si t i o n I h av e fo l l o we d .
 I 8 J o RDA N E s : O RI GI N AND D E EDS OF T H E G OT H S

en t pa r t ici pl e s us e d lik e pe r f e c t s ( eg r es s i
tr a ns e u n t es ) u n usu a l infin i t iv e combi n a t i o n s ( q u i s
,

c e d er e f a ci e ba t- a n d i n d ic a t iv e s in i n d ir e c t

q u e s t io ns
( d o cea m u s q u o m ,
o d o e xp vi t )
l e Th e u s e .

O f co n j u n c t i o n s i s lik e wis e d is t i n guish e d by m a n y pecu

l i a r i t i e s such as t h e u s e O f q u i a a n d t h e i n d ic a t iv e i n
,

i n d ir e c t d i scours e a c o n fusi on o f da m a n d cu m mox

, ,

e q uiv a l e n t t o s i mul a tq u e a n d a gr e a t v a ri e t y i n co n di
,

t i o n a l us a g e .Mor e o v e r t h e p e ri odic s t ruct ur e h a s in

l a rge m e a sur e d is a ppea r e d Cl a us e s a n d p hr a s e s wh e t h e r
.

O f p ri n c i pa l o r subor d i n a t e ch a r a c t e r a r e loos e ly swu n g ‘

a lo n g i n c a r e l e ss an d som e t im e s clumsy s ucc e ssio n n ot ,

in f r eq u e n t ly t a n gli n g t h e s en s e a n d a t t im e s m a ki n g clos e
t r a n sl a t io n im p ossibl e .

Fi n a lly t h e r e a r e m a n y ch a n g e s i n t h e m e a n i ngs O f
,

wor d s a n d subst i t u t io n s O f n e w wor d s f o r t h e f a mili a r

,

e x p r e ss io n s O f cl a ssi c a l L a t i n a s : a mp l a s g r a n di s a n d i m
, ,

me n s a s f o r ma g n u s ; pr op r i us f o r s u us ; g e r ma n us f o r
fr a ter ; s o la ci u m f o r a u xi li um; ci vi tas for u r bs W e fi n d .

a lso p a tr i a sy n o n ymous wi t h t e r r a p e l a g a s usur p i n g t h e

,

p l a c e O f m a r e a n d,
p a r s a n d p l a g a us e d a s e q uiv al e n ts for
r egi o . Th e r e is a fr e q u e n t u s e o f a bs t r a c t s a n d som e ,

s pe oi fi ca l l y Chris t i a n phr a s e s O f cours e a ppe a r in t h e

work O f t his e cc l e si a s t ic Jo r da n e s is fo n d O f ci rcum

-
.

l o cut io n s a n d s e n t e n t ious u tt e r a n c e s an d his s t yl e i s a t,

t im e s a lmos t ho pe l e ssly co n fusi n g I n s e e ki n g a c a us e f o r

.
.

t h e s e m a n y a n d e x a s pe r a t i n g pe culi a ri t i e s O f form a n d e x

p r e s sio n we mus t t a k e a ccoun t n o t o n ly Of t h e ch a n gi n g

,

l a n gu a g e i t s e l f wi t h i t s ma n y a l t e r a t ions simil a r i n
,

n a t ur e t o t h e cha n g e s i n W e s t e r n L a t i n glimm e ri n gs ,

which pr e c e de d th e d a w n O f t h e R om a n c e l a n gu a g e s bu t ,

a lso O f t h e c a n di d co n f e ssio n O f t hi s Go t hic s e cr e t a ry t o

whom L a t i n wa s a t b e s t a n im pe r f e c t ly m a s t e r e d f o r e ign
t o n gu e : eg o a g r a ma tu s I or da n n i s a n te c o n v er s i o

n e m me a m
 2 . T H E L ITER A R Y S OU R CES U SE D
I N T H E GE T] CA
I n t h e p r e f a c e t o hi s Ge ti ca a f t e r s t a t i n g t h at t h e book
,

is a n e p i t om e O f t h e l a rg e r G o t hi c H is t ory O f C a ssio d orus

62 “
S e n a t o r Jor d a n e s s ays :
, TO t his I h a v e add e d fi tt ing
”
m a tt e rs from som e Gr e ek a n d L at i n his t ori e s an d i n t h e ,

ch a pt e rs t h a t follow six t e e n a n ci e n t wri t e rs a r e ci t e d a s

a u t hori t i e s B e si de s t hos e who m h e m e n t i o n s s o m e s e v e n
.
,

o r e igh t o t h e rs h a v e e vi d e n t l b e e n us e d
y .

Th e q u e s t io n O f t h e li t e r a ry s o urc e s O f Jor d a n e s wa s
63
i n v e s t iga t e d by S ybel a n d a g a in
, by Momms en i n
his e d i t io n Th e f ollowi n g co n si de r a t io n O f t h e sourc e s
.

’
i s l a rg e ly a n a bri dg m e n t O f Momms en s t horough t re a t
m e n t O f t h e subj e c t a l t hough i n s e v e r a l imp or ta n t p oi n t s
,

( n o t a bly his O p i n io n O f t h e v a lu e o f t h e u n k n ow n wri t e r

Abl a bi u s a n d his low e s t im a t e O f t h e pe rso n a l e l e m e n t i n

J or da n e s work ) hi s vi e ws c a n n o t be a cc e pt e d wi t h o u t
’

q u e s t io n Th e a u t hori t i e s m e n t i o n e d by Jor d a n e s a r e h e r e
.

t a k e n u p i n a l ph a b e t ic a l or d e r ; h i s i n de b t e d n e ss t o e a ch

ca n be mor e cl ea rly t r a c e d by com a ri n g t h e t e x t o f t h e

p
Ge ti ca wi t h t h e pa ss a g e s ci t e d i n M omms e n s foo t n o t e s
’

a n d h e r e giv e n i n t h e comm e n t a ry .

Abl a bi u s This o t h e rwi s e u n k n ow n d es cr i p t or Go th o

.

r u m g e n ti s e g r e g i as is m e n t io n e d t hr e e t im e s by Jor d a n e s

o n c e his v e r i s s i ma h i s to r i a i s ci t e d a s a u t hori ty a n d in
64
,

t wo o t h e r pa ss a g e s h e is r e f e rr e d t o a s A bl a bi us
s to r i cus
65
. H e ca n n ot be id e n t ifi e d wi t h a n y wri t e r
P r e f ac e 3
‘2
.

Ge ta r u m B e r l i n
”
D e f o n ti bu s l i br i I o r da n i s d e o r ig i n e a c tu q u e ,

1 838 .

6“
IV 28 .

‘5
XI V 82 ,
XX I I I 1 17 .
2O J ORDA N E S Z ORI GI N A ND D E E D S O F T H E G OT H S

k n ow n t o h a v e bor n e t his n a m e ( which i s n ot a n u n co m

mon o n e ) an d i t is n o t e v e n cl ea r wh et h e r h e wa s a Gr e e k
, ,

66
3 Rom a n o r a Go t h Upon t hi s m e a gr e fou n d a t io n O f
.

f a ct M omms e n h a s buil t u p a n e l a bor a t e t h e ory a s cr i b ,

i n g t o Abl a bi u s a l l t h e m a t e ri a l i n t h e Ge ti ca which com e s

ul t im a t e ly from n a rr a t iv e s O f t h e Got hs A ccor d i n g t o .

his vi e w C a ssio d orus coul d h a r dly h av e coll e c t e d from t h e

li p s o f t h e pe o pl e such l eg e nds a n d t r a d i t i on s a s h e wa s ,

busi e d his li f e l o n g wi t h a ff a i rs O f s t a t e a n d p e rh a ps n ot ,

e v e n skill e d i n t h e Go t hi c t o n gu e a s h e wa s a B r u t t i a n by ,

bir t h I n f a ct h e u n de r t a k e s t o prov e t h a t C a ssio dorus

.

67
con d em n e d o r a l t r a di t io n as a sourc e i n s aying :
n e c e o r u m fa bu l a s a l i cu bi r eppe r i mus s cr i ptas q i e os
u ,

( t h e Go t hs ) di cu n t i n B r i t t a n i a i n s e r v i tu t e r e d ac t os

e t i n u n i us ca bal l i pr a e ti o a q u o da m er e pt os a d d i n g fur
-
,

t h e r : n os po ti u s l e c t i o n i cr e di mus q u a m f a bu l i s a n i l i bus -

c o ns en ti mu s Co n clu d i n g t h e re for e t h a t h e us e d li t e r a ry
.

sourc e s e n t ir e ly Momms e n d e cid e s t h a t O f a ll t h e a u t ho rs

,

m e n t io n e d by Jor dan e s t h e o n ly o n e t o whom such l e ge n d s

c a n be a tt ribu t e d i s Abl a bi u s H e r e ga r d s t hi s u n k n ow n
.

wri t e r a s t h e a u t hor O f a bOOk o n Go t hic H i s t ory ( r a t h e r

t h a n O f a Rom a n H is t ory m e r e ly con t a i n i n g r e f e r e nc e s

t o t h e Go t hs ) a n d b e li e v e s t h a t his work co n c e r n e d i t s e l f
,

l a rg e ly wi t h t h e origi n s O f t h a t r a c e An d si n c e t h e t hir d .

68
pa ss a g e q uo t e d as from Abl a bi u s s e e ms r e a lly t o be
from D e x ippu s Momms e n m a k e s t h e furt h e r i n f e r e n c e
,

t h a t Gr e e k t o o wa s b e yo n d t h e a tta i n m e n t s O f C a ssio d orus ,

a n d t h a t mos t O f t h e r e f e r e n c e s t o Gr ee k a u t hors
( an d
n o t a bly t hos e t o P r i s c u s
) a r e r e a lly q uo t e d t hrough A bl a
69
bi u s . Momms e n b e li ev e d t h e r e for e t h a t C a ssio d orus, ,

“
Th e p a s s a g e a bo u t th e H er ul i ( XX I I I 1 17 ) mi gh t j ust as we ll
be de r i v e d f r o m a Gr e e k as f ro m a Ro ma n wr i t e r .

V 38 .

S e e XX I I I 1 1 7, an d co mme n t a r y .

”
To s u pp o r t th i s th e o r y M o mms en poin t s ou t th a t wh a t i s s a i d
of V i di g o i a (V 4 3, XXX I V 178 ) is u n d o u bt e d l y d e r i ve d f r o m t h e
sa me a u th o r as th e Go th i c l eg e n d s .
 I NT R O D U C T I O N

wa s i n d e bt e d t o t his Abl a biu s for t h e gr e a t e s t a n d mos t

v a lu a bl e pa rt O f his Go t hic H is t ory i n clu di n g t h e firs t ,

a r t o f t h e work t h a t d e a ls wi t h t h e t hr e e a bo d e s o f t h e
p
Go t hs a n d a mo n g t h e pa ss a g e s d e riv e d from Abl a bius
70
,

h e woul d i n clu d e X I 72 ,
X I 69 I I I X IV X VI I
, , , ,

XX I II 1 1 6 .

71
S chirr e n p r e s e n t e d s om e s t ro n g Obj e c t io n s t o t hi s

highly com plic a t e d t h e ory O f th e im por t a n c e o f Abl a bi u s .

H e j us t ly Obs e rv e s t h a t Momms en go e s t o o f a r i n a ssign

i n g t o t his Abl abi u s p r a c t ic a lly e v e ry t hi n g i n Jor da n e s
t h a t g o e s b a ck t o Ol d G o t hic t r a d i t io n i n s p i t e O f t h e f a c t
,

t h a t n o de fi n i t e s t a t e m e n t s c an be m a de a bou t t h e ma n
or hi s w o rk I n de e d t h e r e is n o r ea l pr oo f o f an y s pe ci fi c
.

Go t hi c t r a d i t io n t h a t c a n be a t t ribut e d t o him a n d i n t h e ,

ss g s t h a t c an b e a ssig n e d wi t h c e r t a i n ty t o Abl a bi u s
p a a e

a s a sourc e his k n owl e dg e i s o n ly such a s a Gr e e k wri t e r

’
migh t h a v e h a d I n h i s r e bu tt a l O f Momms e n s V i e w
.

Sc hi rr e n m a k e s t hr e e m a i n po i n t s
( )I Momms e n s t a t e s : o m n es
( r e f e rri n g t o t h e pas s a g e s

in which t hi s a u t h o r is m e n t io n e d ) os ten du n t A bl a bi u m
e g i s s e d e Go th or u m or i g i n i bu s . On t h e c on t r a ry i n o n e ,

o f th e t hr e e i n s ta n c e s we mus t r e a d t hi s m e a n i n g i n t o
t h e pa ss a g e a n d in t h e o t h e r t wo we c a n n o t e v e n do t h a t
,

much .

( 2 ) Momms e n cl a ims t h a t Abl a bius d e s e rv e s high pl ac e

a s a n a u t hor b e c a us e Jord a n e s s pe a ks O f him a s d es cr i p t o r

Go th or u m g en ti s eg r eg i a s . W e migh t wi t h e q u a l righ t
h a v e j u dg e d Jor da n e s hims e l f h a d his works b e e n los t
, ,

by t h e re f e r e n c e in t h e a n o n ymo us G e ogr aph e r O f Ra

v e n n a ( 4 1 4 ) I or da n i s Cos mog r aph us s u bti li n s exp os a i t
,
.

a bly a s c r ib
(3) A s t o t h e v a rious p a ss a g e s c i t e d a s p rob
a bl e t o Abl a bi u s som e a r e t hus a ssig n e d a rbi t r a rily ( f o r
,

V 38 4 2 — M o mms e n h e l d t h at t h i s wa s p r ac ti call y a t t r i but e d to

.

Abl abi u s by t h e s t a t e me n t i n X I V 82 .

m
D e u t s c h e L i t e r a t u r z e i t u n g 1 882 N 4 0, pp 1 4 20 1 4 2 4
, . .
-
.
22 J ORDA N E S Z O RI G I N AND DE E D S O F TH E G OT H S

e x am pl e X I 69 a n d X I
,
a n d s om e ca n e v e n be d e fi n

i te ly r e f e rr e d t o a n o t h e r wri t e r S O t h e s te mma A ma
.

l o r u m i n X IV i s a lmos t c e r t a i n ly t o be a tt ribu t e d t o
C a ssiodorus who e mph a t ic a lly cl a ims i t a s hi s o wn
,
.

S O t h a t wh e r e a s Mom ms e n l a m e n t s t h e los t H e ro d o t us
o f t h e Go t hs a n d woul d e v e n f a vor ch a ngi n g t h e r e a d i n g
,

F a vi u s i n XX I X 1 5 1 t o A bl abi us d e s p i t e a l l t h e m a n u ,

scri pt s we fi n d t h a t e v e ry t hi n g t h a t may be cl e a rly a s

,

sig n e d t o Abl a biu s corr e s pon d s wi t h D ex ippu s a n d t h e ,

o t h e r pa ss ag e s a r e a tt ribu t e d t o Abl abi u s o n v e ry doub t

’
ful groun ds N ow r e ga r di n g M o mms en s a rgum e n t f rom
.

t h e s e n t e n c e s foun d i n V 3 8 : n ec e or u m fa bu l as
c ons en ti mus H e holds a s h a s b e e n s e e n t h a t t his is a
.
, ,

r em a rk m a d e by C a ssiodorus a n d t h a t C a ssiodorus could,

n o t h a v e us e d a n y or a l Go t hi c t r a di t ion bu t wa s i n de b t e d

t o r e a d i n g ( l e c ti o n i ) for e v e ry t hing A s to t h e s t ory.

a bou t th e ho rs e which h as c a ll e d for t h t h e a u t hor s d i s a p

’

p rov a l ,M omms e n b e li e v e s C a ssiodorus u n doub t e dly

f ou n d i t m e n t io n e d in som e a ut hor B ut t h e s pe a k e r
.

e x p r e ssly s t a t e s t h a t h e nowh e r e foun d t h e s t ory in

w ri tte n form S O i t mus t h a v e com e t o him or a lly a n d
.
,

mo re ov e r a s a ge n e ra lly know n t a l e ( a s i s s e e n from t h e

u s e O f t h e plur a l e o r u m) Cons eq u e n t ly C a ssio dorus
.

d i d h a v e som e k n owl e dge o f Go t hic t r a d i t ion a n d M o mm ,

s e n s t h eory b a s e d on t h e o ppo si t e a ssum pt ion f a lls t o

’
, ,

t h e grou n d Schirr e n sugge s t s t h a t i t i s pe rh a p s mor e

.

pl a usibl e t o a scrib e t his pa ss a g e d i r e c t ly t o Jor da n e s him

s e l f a vi e w m a d e mor e proba bl e by t h e u s e o f t h e firs t
,

pe rso n r epper i mu s Th en t h e word l e cti o n i woul d r e f e r t o

.

C a ssio dorus whom Jor da n e s follow e d A s t o th e f a bl e

, .

i t s e l f i t ma y h a v e b e e n a s t ory n o t k n ow n t o C a ssi o dorus

,

a t a l l—pe rh a p s a goo d j ok e t ol d a t Co n s ta n t i n o l e a t
p
t h e e x pe n s e O f t h e Go t hs .
 I NT R ODU C T I O N

Ca s s i o d or u s 72
Fl a vius M a gn us A ur e lius C a ssio do rus
S e n a t or ( a bou t 4 87—a bou t 583 ) o f B r u t t i i wa s o n e o f
.

t h e mos t e mi n e n t men o f his t im e an d c a m e O f di s t in

u i s h e d a n c e s t ors ; his gr a n d f a t h e r h a d b e e n t ribu n e a n d

g
n o ta r i a s u n d e r V a l e n t i n i a n I I I who di e d i n 4 55 ; his
,

f a t h e r fill e d t h e high e s t O ffic e s u n d e r O do a c e r a n d Th e o

d oric an d wa s m a de pa t rici a n by t h e l a tt e r
,
H e hims e l f .

wa s q u a es t or s a cr i pa l a ti i shor t ly a f t e r 5 00 a f t e rw a r d s ,

p a t rici a n a n,d t h e n in t h e y e a r 5 1 4 c o ns u l or d i n a r i us a n d

fi n a lly ma g i s te r ofii ci o r u m This O ffic e h e s e e ms t o h a v e

.

h e l d f o r m a n y y e a rs ; a t a n y r a t e h e h e l d i t i n 5 2 6 wh e n ,

Th e o d ori c d i e d a n d his gr a n dso n At h a l a r i c succ e e de d t o

t h e t hro n e bu t h e r e sig n e d i t wh e n a ppoi n t e d p r a ef ec t us
,

p r a e t or i a i n 53 3 53 4 I n th e y ea r 5 3 4 wh e n At h a l a r ic
-
.
,

d i e d C a ssio d orus de liv e r e d a p ubli c e ulogy O f his suc

,

c e ssor Th e o da h a d a n d bo t h u n de r him a n d u n de r V it ig e s
,

( who b e c a m e ki n g i n 53 6 ) h e h e l d t h e O ffic e O f q u a es t or .

Wh e n t h e Go t hs w e r e ov e rcom e h e forsook s e cul a r li f e

an d b e c a m e a monk I n t h e mo n a s t e ry h e f ou n d e d Ca s
.

s i o d o r u s wro t e a n u mb e r of t h e ologic a l his t oric a l a n d ,

e d uc a t io n a l works a n d sough t t o i mp r e ss u po n his mo n ks

,

t h e v a lu e O f t h e a n ci e n t l i t e r a t ur e Ev e n a f t e r hi s n i n e ty
.

t hi r d y ea r h e wro t e a book o n o r t hogr a phy a n d d i e d

—
,

p rob a bly a s l a t e a s his n in e t y fi f th y e a r .

O f hi s work o n Go t hic hi s t o ry we l e a r n s o l e ly from

Jor da n e s a n d f rom C a ssio dorus hims e l f Th e e a rli e s t .

m en t io n h e m a k e s O f i t i s i n a l e tt e r w ri tt e n i n 5 3 3 t o
73
H e w ri t e s i n At h a l a r i c s n a m e o f
’
t h e s e n a t e O f Rom e .

hims e l f : te te n di t s e i n a n ti q u a m pr os api a m n os tr a m
l e cti on e di s ce ns q u a d vi x ma i or u m n o ti ti a can a r e ti n e ba t .

i s te r e g es Go th o r u m l o n g a o bl i vi o n e ce l a tos l a ti ou l a v e tu
s ta ti s e dux i t . i s te A ma l os cu m g en e r i s s u i c l a r i ta te r es ti
'2
F o r hi s l i f e see M o mms e n s I n t r o du c ti o n ( f r o m wh i ch t hi s a c
’

c ou n t i s t a k en ) a n d H e r ma n n U s en e r : F es t s ch r i f t z u r P hi l o
l og e nv e r s a mml u n g i n W i e s ba de n 1 877, p . 66 on wa r d .

'3
Va r 9 , . 25 .
24 J ORDA N E S Z ORI G I N AND D E EDS OF T H E G OT H S

tu i t, ev i d e n t er os t e n d ens i n de ci ma m s epti ma m pr og e n i em
s ti r m h b l em i i m G t h i m h i t
p e n o s a e r e r e g a or g n e o ca .s o

r i a m f e ci t e s s e R o ma n a m c ol l i g ens q u as i i n u na m c o r o n a m

r m n fl o r i du m q u o d pe r l i br o r u m ca mp os p as s i m f ue r a t
g e e

an t e di s pe r s u m p p
er e n d i t e q ua n t
. u m was i n n os tr a l a u d e
di l ex e r i t q u i v es tr i pr i n ci pi s n a ti on em d o cu i t a b a n ti q ui
,

ta t e mi r a bi l em u t s i cu t f u i s ti s a mai or i bu s s e mp e r n o bi l es
, ,

a es ti ma ti i ta 7
-
20s r eg u m a n ti q u a p r og en i es i mper a r e t
,
.

Wh e n m a de p r a efe ctus p r a e t or i a a n d e n t e ring u p o n his

74
O ffic e h e wro t e a l e tt e r t o th e s en a t e i n which h e m a k e s
m en t i o n o f th e li n e o f A m a l ki n gs which is t a k en f rom ,

75
t his wo rk a n d a g a i n h e r e f e rs t o a pa ss ag e i n his his
'

76
t ory which Jor da n e s h as e p i t omiz e d Fi n a lly in t h e .
,

p r e f a c e t o hi s Va r i a e a ppa r e n t ly wri t t e n i n 5 3 8 his

, ,

fri e n d s a dd r e ss him t hus : du o de ci m li br i s Go th or u m his

to r i a m d e flo r a ti s pr os pe r i ta ti bu s c o n di di s ti : cu m ti bi i n
i l l i s fu er i t s ecu n dus e v e n tus q u i d a mbi g i s e t ha e c p u bl i c o,

d a r e q u i i am c o g n o s c er i s di ce n di ti r o ci n i a pos u i s s e ?
,

Mor e ov e r i n t h e C od ex Car ol i r u li e ns i s e d i t e d by U s e
n er
77
we h a v e p r e s e rv e d t h e or d o g e n e r i s Cas s i o do r i or u m
e o r umq u e q u i s cr i pt or es e x ti t e r i n t ex e o r u m p r og e n i e v e l

q u i e r u di ti a n d from i
,
t w e l e a r n t h e f ollowi n g : Cas s i o
d o r us S e n a tor wr e r u di ti s s i mu s e t mu l t is di g n i ta ti bus
p oll en s i u v en is a d e o du m p a tr i s Cas s i od o r i pa tr i ci i e t p r a e
f e c ti pr a e tor i i c o ns ili a r i u s fie r e t e t l au d es Th e o do r i ch i
r e gi s Go t h o r u m f a cu n di s s i me r e c i ta s s e t a b e o q u a es t or

pa tr i ci as e t c on s u l or di n a r i us pos tm
,

e s t fa c tus , od u m d e ,

hi n c ma g i s te r ofii ci o r u m e t pr a ef u i s s e t f o r mu l as di cti o n u m ,

q u as i n XI I l i br is or di n avi t e t va r i a r a m ti tu l um s upe r po ,

s ui t .s cr i p s i t pr a e ci pi e n t e Th e o d o r i ch o r e g e li i s t o r i am

Go thi ca m m e t l oca mor es i n ( mor es q u e XI I is

or i g i n e

l i br i s a n n u n ti an s
’
U s en e r s e m e n d a t io n ) U s e n e r be .

Va r . I I , 1 .

Va r . 1 2, 20 .

S e e Ge ti ca XXX 1 56 a n d n o t e .

A n c e d o to n H o l d e r i ; f o r f ul l t itl e s e e p . 23 , n o t e 72 .
26 J O R DA N E S : O R I G I N A N D D E E D s OF T H E G OT H S

C a ssi o dorus an d s t a r t i n g f rom t h e b egi n n i n gs o f t h e

,

Go t hic ra c e c a rri e d o n t h e a cc o un t t o his o wn d ay per ,

n e r a t i o n es r e g es q ue a s J or d a n e s s t a t e s i n his o wn
g e ,

p r e f a c e A si.d e fro m m a ki n g a n e pi t om e t h e a u t hor o f ,

t h e Ge ti ca cl a ims t h a t h e h a s a d d e d t o t h e work : a d q u os
Izi s t o r i is Gr e cis La ti n is ad d e di c o n v e n
‘

e t e r n o n n u l l zs ac

i e n t i a i n i ti zmz fi ne q te et pl u r a i n me di o mea d i ct i o n e pe r
mzs ce ns
'

A s r e ga r d s t h e l a t t e r pa rt O f t h e b ook t his
.

s t a t e m en t mus t O f cours e be t ru e f o r C a ssio d orus clos e d

, , ,

his a cc o u n t wi t h t h e y e a r 5 2 6 B u t M o mms e n i s l o a t h t o .

gi v e a n y fur t h e r cr e d i t f o r o rigi n a li ty H e W h o lly d i s .

cr e di t s t h e s t a t e m en t t h a t Jor da n e s h a s hims e l f a dde d

co ne e n i e n t i a fr o m v a ri ous Gr e e k a n d L a t i n a u t hors as ,

sig n i n g r a t h e r t o C a ssio do rus a ll t h a t c o m e s from P r i s cu s ,

bo t h D ios S t r a bo a n d P t ol e m a e us a n d ul t im a t e ly r e f e r
, ,

ri n g e v e n t hi s b a ck t o A bl a bi u s a n d A mm i a n us M a rc e l
li n us H e co n c e de s t o Jor d an e s a s a possibl e pe rs on al
.

co n t ribu t i o n a t t h e b egi n n i n g o f t h e work q uo t a t i o n s from

O rosius a t fi rs t h a n d ( r e g a r di n g t hi s a u t hor a s a n a ut hor
i t y whom C a ssi o do rus d i d n o t hol d i n e s pe ci a lly high
r ega r d ) 81
a n d e v e n go e s s o f a r a s t o a dmi t t h a t p e rh a p s
,

a l l t h e pa ss a g e s from O rosius t hroughou t t h e Ge ti ca a r e

q uo t e d by Jor d an e s a n d m a k e u p t h e p l u m i n me di o
82
.

Momms e n e x p r e ss e s sm a ll co n fi de n c e i n t h e t ru t h O f a n y
O f t h e a u t h o r s cl a ims how e v e r r e m a rki n g t h a t Jor da n e s
’

, ,

wa s n o t a sh a m e d t o a pp ro p ri a t e f o r his Ge t i ca a n i n t ro
d uc t io n fr o m R u fi n u s a n d t o p r e t e n d t o giv e a q uo t a t io n
from I ambl i ch u s a t t h e b e gi n n i n g O f t h e R o ma n o t h a t ,

h e migh t a d or n his b o ok by t h a t d is ti n gu ish e d n a m e .

In
In s u pp o r t of th i s h e quotes f r om I ns t . di v. Ii t t
. 1 7: Or os i us
q u oq ue Cl zr is t ia n o r u m t e mpo r u m pa g a n o r u mq u e c o l l a t o r pr a es t o
Z o bi s e s t s i e a m v o l u e r i t is Ie e r e
'

, g .

B u t M o mms e n i s i n e r r o r a s E r h a r d t fi r s t p o i n t e d o u t wh e n h e
”
, ,

s ay s t h a t O r o s i u s i s t h e o n l y a u t h o r r e f e r r e d t o i n t h e Ge t i ca

wi t h t h e a ddi t i o n o f t h e n u mbe r o f t h e bo o k ; r e f e r en c e s t o bo o k s
are foun d al s o in I I I 16 ( P t o l o ma eu s ) an d XV 83 ( S y mma ch u s ) .
 I N T R O D U CT I O N

O f cours e wh a t Jor da n e s s ays O f hims e l f a n d his o wn

g3
’
pe o pl e c an n o t be r e f e rr e d b a ck t o C a ssio dorus n o r c a n
’
,

84
so sh a rp a de n u n c i a t i o n o f A ri a n i sm h a v e b e en fou n d
'

in t h e l a rg e r work f o r Th e o d oric s ma gi s ter ofii ci or u m

,
’

t hough o r t ho do x hims e l f wa s mi n d ful O f t h e A ri a n c o n

v i ct i o n s of his ki n g I n ge n e r a l t o d iscov e r wh a t pa s
.
,
-

s ag e s a r e t h e a c t u a l work o f J o r da n e s o n e mus t s t a r t from

t h e R o ma no a n d a f t e r obs e rvi n g wh a t a u t hori t i e s a r e
,

t h e r e e m pl oy e d no te wh e t h e r i n t h e Ge ti ca t h e q u o t a t io n s
from t h e s e s a m e wri t e rs a r e a ls o m a d e by Jor d a n e s him
85 86
se l f . S chi rr e n i n hi s c a r e ful i n v e s t ig a t i o n f o u n d i n
, ,

m a n y pa ss a g e s a n orn a t e s tyl e ( wh et h e r pe culi a r t o Ca s

s i o d o r u s o r t o hi s a g e ) which is v e ry d i ff e r en t from t h e

m e a gr e n e ss O f Jor da n e s a s h e r e v e a ls hims e l f i n t h e
R o ma n o a n d i n t hos e s e c t i o n s O f t h e Ge ti ca which t r e a t o f
e v e n t s l a t e r t h a n 52 6 .

A c cor d i n g t o Momms e n s t h e ory Jor dan e s wa s a ’

M oe s o Go t h a n d a s ubj e c t O f t h e E a s t e r n Em pi r e
-

( wh e r e a s C a ssio d oru s w a s a Go t ho R om a n a t t a ch e d t o -

Th e o dori c s court ) a n d i n his e pi t om e t h e a ccou n t o f t h e

’

F o e d e r a ti o o f Go t hic m e rc e n a ri e s a n d t h e his t o ry o f t h e

p rovi n c e s o n t h e D a n ub e h a s t a k e n t h e pl a c e h e l d i n t h e
'

work of C a ssio d orus by t h e a ccou n t o f th e ki n g d om O f

Th e o doric t h e Gre a t ; i n shor t h e h e l d t h a t a s C a ssio dorus ,

m a de t h e Got hi c H i s t ory Rom a n s o Jor d a n e s m a de i t ,

M oe s ian .

It will be n o t e d how e v e r
, , th at Momms en hims e l f

L LI-
.

84
X XV 1 3 1 - 1 32 ; XX V I 1 38.

S o M o mms e n p o i n t s o u t t h a t t h e d e a t h O f V a l e n s i s d e s c r i be d
”

i n t h e R o ma n a 3 1 4 i n t h e wo r d s o f V i c t o r s e p i t o me , wh e r e a s i n
’

t h e Ge ti ca h e h a s f u s e d wi t h t h i s t h e a cco u n t t ak en f r o m A m
mi an u s M a r ce llin us wh i ch h e f o u n d i n Ca s s i o do r u s .

D e r a ti o n e q u a e i n te r I or d a n e m e t Ca s s i o d o r i u m i n te r c e da t
t”

c o mme n ta ti o S e e Gu t s c h mi d s r e v i ew o f thi s K l e i n e
’
Do r p a t 1 858
,
.
,

S c h r i ft e n 5 ,
293 - 33 6 .
28 J O RD A N E S : O RI G I N A ND D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

“ v e ry M oe s o Thr a ci a n r e f e r e n c e s
a d mi t s th a t t h e s e to
-

which h e c a lls so much a t te n t io n a ppea r e d a lso i n C a ssio

d orus a n d a s Schirr e n firs t obs e rv e d t h e r e is n e e d o f a
, , ,

mor e co n vi n ci n g p roo f t h a n M omms e n h a s giv e n t o

e s t a blish t h e f a c t t h a t i n C a ssio d orus t h e Go t ho M o e s i a n
-

hi s t ory s t oo d i n a n o t ic e a bly d i ff e r e n t p ro p or t io n t o t h e
Go t ho I t a li a n t h a n is t h e c a s e i n Jor da n e s For a f t e r a l l
-
.
,

t h e Go t ho I ta li a n his t ory b egi n s wi t h Th e od ori c a n d

-
,

wh a t p r e c e de s mus t n e c e ss a rily h a v e occu p i e d a c o n si de r

a bl e s pa c e i n C a ss io d orus a s i t d o e s i n t h e a bri dgm e n t O f
88
his w ork Momms e n i s u n f a i r i n hi s ch a rg e s o f pl a
.

g i a r i s m f o r ,
i n his borrow e d p r e f a c e J o r d a n e s i n d ic a t e s ,

i n som e m e a sur e a t l e a s t his i n de b t e dn e ss t o R u fi n u s by

,

t h e wor d s a t q u i d a m a i t ; mor e ov e r t h e a u t hor o f t h e

Ge ti ca shoul d be j u dg e d by t h e s t a n da r d s O f his o wn a g e ,

’
i n which such cus t om a ry O pe n i n cor po r a t io n o f a no t h e r s
wri t i n gs wa s n o t vi e w e d a s pl a gi a rism Th e a ccus at io n .

t h a t Jor dan e s ha s a t t h e b egi n n i n g o f his R o ma n a us e d t h e

n a m e O f I a mbl i c h u s t o a dd lus t r e t o hi s o w n work i n ,

p r e t e n di n g t o q uo t e from him whil e i n r e a li t y pu t t i n g f o r

w a r d his Own i dea s is lik ewis e t o o s e v e r e a cr i t i crs rn
,
- .

Fri e d rich m a k e s cl e a r t h a t Jord an e s is a ccr e di t i n g I a m

89

bli c h u s m e r e ly wi t h t h e phr a s e a r mis e t l eg i on s ex er

c en t es which may w e ll h a v e b e e n circul a t e d u n d e r his
,

n am e , a s i t is q ui t e i n a cc or d wi t h a p a ss a g e from his

work .

90
Erh a r dt whil e a gr e e i n g i n t h e m a i n wi t h M omms e n s
,
’

vi e ws o n t h e li te r a ry s o urc e s a n d poi n t i n g o u t t h a t t h e s e
conclusi o n s a r e s t r en g t h en e d by a com pa ris o n O f th e
R o ma n a wi t h t h e Ge ti ca i n a smuch a s t h e form e r work ,

9 0m
co n t a i n s f e w ci t a t i o n s b e c a us e F l o r u s s e l dom r e f e rs t o
I n t r o du c t i on X I I I
87
.

S e e a ls o t h e i n t r o d u ct i o n t o t h i s bo o k p 1 5
8"
.
, .

’9
Pp .
3 79 4 4 2 -
.

90
GOt t g e l An z
. . . 1 886, p 669
. .

J o r dan e s f o l l o ws F l o r u s i n t h e R o ma n o .
 I NT R O D U CT I O N

his a u t hori t i e s whil e t h e l a tt e r bri s t l e s wi t h t h e m si n c e

,

C a ssio dorus lov e s t o m a k e a show O f l e a rn e d q uo t at io n s ,

woul d s t ill n o t go s o f a r a s t o s ay th a t Jor da n e s a dde d

no t hi n g of his own H e thinks t h a t t h e q uo t a t io n s from
.

Symm a chus r e g a r di n g M a ximi n a n d pe rh a ps som e o f t h e

g e ogr a phic a l d igr e ssio n s h a v e b e e n a d d e d by Jor dan e s
t o t h e a ccou n t a s fou n d i n C a ss iodorus .

C l au d i u s P t o l e ma e u s Th e ge ogr a ph e r o f A l e x a n
‘

d ri a ,
or bi s t e r r a e di s cr i pt or e g r eg i a s
,
a co n t e m p or a ry O f

M a rcus A ur e lius i s , q uo t e d o n S ca n d z a i n I II 1 6 1 9 -
.

D e xi pp u s This a u t hor wh o wro t e i n Gr e e k i n t h e

.
,

91
p e ri od b e for e D iocl e t i a n is ci t e d in r e g a r d t o t h e m a rch
,

o f t h e Va n d a ls from t h e oc e a n t o t h e Rom a n fro n t i e r .

92
M o r e ov e r t h e pa ss a g e a bou t t h e H e ruli which is ,

cr e d i t e d t o Abl a bi u s com e s from D ex i ppu s Momms en , .

b e li e v e d t h a t i n bo t h i n s t a n c e s D e x ippu s wa s q uo t e d
t hrough Abl a bi u s
93
.

Dio . In
his d e scri pt io n o f B ri t a i n J o r da n e s o n c e ,

93 “
ci te s a n d e ls e wh e r e m a k e s u s e O f D i o c e l e be r r i

mus s cr i p t or a n n a li u m a n d l a t e r r e f e rs t o him a s a n au ,

t h o r i ty o n R a v e n n a
94
a n d on t h e si e ge O f O de ssus
95
He .

a s : D i o s t o r i cu s e t a n ti q u i ta tu m di l i
96
a lso p r a is e s him

g e n ti s s i mu s i n q u i s i tor q u i op e r i s u o Ge ti ca ti tu l a m d e di t
, ,

a s Di o q u i hi s t o r i as ( of t h e Go t hs ) a n
97
a n d a g a in ,

n a l es q u e Gr e c o s ti l o c o mp os a i t B u t bo t h C a ssio d orus
'

a n d S u i da s
98
h a v e e rr e d i n a s signi n g t o D i o C a ss i us th e
91
XX I I 1 1 3 .

XX I I I 1 1 7 .

See above , p . 20 .

”
II
a
14 .

XX I X 1 51 .

X 65 .

“
I X 58 .

"
V 40 .

Al wv 6 K da a cos gy pa t/xe P wua mij v Ter uca évédt a

’8 ‘ ‘
.
3O J OR DA N E S Z O RI G I N A N D D E E D S O F T H E G OT H S

work on the G e t ae co n t ra ry t o t h e
,
t e s t imo n y O f Philos
t ratus .
99
It i s D i o Chrysos t om ( b .
4 0 AD . .
) who wro t e
t h e F e r mi .

F a b i u s I t s e e ms im possibl e t o i de n t i fy t hi s a u t hor
.
,

1 00
from wh o m pa r t O f t h e d e scri pt io n O f R a v e n n a is
ta k e n .M o mms e n s vi e w is t h a t Jor da n e s ma y h a v e wri t ’

t e n F a bius wh e r e C a ssio d orus h a d n a m e d Abl a bi u s .

J o s e p h u s . Th e his t ori an of the J e wish W a r ( b 3 7 .

a n n al i u m r e la to r v eris s i mus ,
a s h e is c a ll e d i n

th e Ge ti ca ,
i s r e f e rr e d to in IV 29 .
*
Ca s s i o do r us l ‘”
re

g a r de d him as pa en e s ecu n dus Li vi us .

1 02
L iv y A s S ybe l p oi n t e d o u t
. t h e a ppa r e n t q uo ,

t a t i o n from L ivy i n I I 1 0 r e s t s i n r e a l i t y u p on a pass a g e

i n th e A gr i c o l a o f T a ci t us wh e r e Li v y s n a m e is
’

m en t ion e d .

L u c a n L uc a n 3 9 65 A D ) p l us s tor i c o q u a m p o e ta
.
-
. .
,

as J o r da n e s s a ys a cc ept i n g t h e j u dgm e n t o f form e r ,

c ri t ics i s ci t e d o n c e i n V 4 3
, , .

P o mp e i u s T r o gu s This co n t e m pora ry o f l y 18 .

n o w k n own c h i e fl
y t hrough t h e e p i t om e o f his H i s t or i ae
'

P h i l ippi ca e by Jus t i n us A ccor d i n g t o Gu t s ch mi d 1 03

.

Jor dan e s o r his a u t hori ty C a ssio dor u s us e d n o t t h e e pi ,

t o m e bu t t h e origi n a l work O f Tr o g u s
, H e is ci t e d i n .

VI 4 8 a n d X 6 1 a n d us e d a lso i n VI I 50 a n d i n VI I I
( s e e c o mm e n ta ry ) .

P o mp o n i u s M e l a . P o mpo n i u s M e l a o f Ti n g e n t e r a
,

in S pa i n wro t e , u n -d e r Ca ligul a or Cl a u d ius t hr e e books

Vi t . s o ph . 1, 7 p 4 87 . .

XX I X 1 51 .

I ns t . d iv . l i tt . I 7 .

D e f o n ti bu s l i br i I o r da n i s p 1 3 , . .

J a h n s J a h rbii c h e r fii r cl a s s i s ch e P hi l o l og i e ,
’
t
s u pp l .
pp .

1 9 3 - 202 .
 I NT R O D U CT I O N

D e Ch or og r aph i a, t h e ld e s t ext an t L at in t r eat is e o n

O

ge ogra phy H e is ci t e d in I I I 1 6 an d i s us e d a lso

.

wi t h no m e n t i on O f hi s n a m e t hroughou t t h e whol e o f
I I an d in V 4 4 — 4 5 X I I 75 M a ni t iu s ( N e u e s A rchiv
'

.
,

1 888 p
,
2 1 3)
. c a lls a t t e n t ion t o t h e v e rb a l r e s e mbl a nc e

b e tw ee n V 3 7 an d M el a 3 3 4 , .

P r i s cu s . In y e a r 4 4 8 P r i s cu s a Thr a ci a n f rom
t he ,

t h e t own O f P an i um a ccom pa n i e d M a ximin t h e g e n e r a l

, ,

O f Th e o dosius I I o n h i s c e l e br a te d e mb a ssy t o A t t il a
, ,

a n d t o hi s a ccou n t O f t his t ri p we o we o u r d e t a il e d k n owl

e dg e O f t h e gr e a t H u n
1 04
P r i s c u s i s ci t e d in XX IV 1 2 3
.
,

XXX IV I 78 XXX V I 83 XL I I 2 2 2 XL I X 2 54 2 5 5
, , ,
-
,

a n d Momms e n a rgu e s f r o m t h e a gr ee m e n t o f f r a gm e n t s -

O f P r i s cu s e ls e wh e r e p r e s e rv e d wi t h t h e a ccoun t O f J o r
d a n e s t h a t t h e following pa ss a g e s a lso com e from hi s
work : XX IV 1 2 6 XXX V I I 84 XL I I 2 2 3 XL I I I 2 2 5
, , , ,

a n d p rob a bly I II 2 1 H e w oul d a ls o r e f e r t o t h e s a m e

.

sourc e wh a t Jor dan e s s ays O f t h e s on s o f A tt il a ( L 2 66 ,

L111 2 72 an d com pa r e L I I
, re m a rking t h a t i n t h e
Ge ti ca a ll t h e pa ss a g e s de riv e d from P r i s cu s de a l wi t h
At t il a a n d t h a t co n v e rs e ly t h e r e i s n o a ccou n t o f At t il a
,

which do e s n o t com e from P r i s cu s A mo n g th e e xc e rpt s .

from t his a u t hor t hr e e pa ss age s a pp e a r t o h a v e b e e n

,

a d d e d t o from o t h e r sourc e s

( )
I In XL 2 09 wh e re c r e d i t f o r t h e vict ory a t t h e
,

C a t a l a u n i a n Pl a ins i s wro n g f ully giv e n t o t h e Go t hs ( a s

a lso i n t h e chronicl e O f C a ssio d orus ) .

( 2 ) I n XL I I 2 2 3 wh e r e t h e a ccou n t o f Po pe L e o s
’
,

’
e mb a ssy t o A tt il a i s i n cr e a s e d by m a t e ri a l from Pros pe r s

chronicl e .

( 3 ) n XXX V 1 8 1 conc e rn i n g th e mur de r o f Bl e da

I , ,

wh e re t h e s en te n t ious s t a t e m e n t a t t h e c los e li br a n te ,

i u s ti ti a d e t es ta bi li r e me di o cr e s ce n s d ef or mes exi tus s u a e

“
H e wr o t e i n Gr e e k 3 i fi f w xij i e K a b A
1 ’

pi jh
'
aro av v a ra v Ka r ar . r r r 'n ar
,
,

i n e i gh t boo k s .
 J O R DA N ES : O R I G I N DE EDS G OT H S
'

2 AND OF T H E
3

c r u d e l i ta tis i n v en i t ,
is n ot in a ccor d wi t h the sim pl e an d

d ig n ifi e d m a n n e r o f P r i s cu s .

Momms e n c a lls pa r t icul a r a tt e n t io n t o t h e di ff e r e n c e i n

s tyl e b et w e e n t h e ge n e r a l clumsi n e ss a n d d i ffic u l ty o f th e
Ge ti ca a n d t h e smoo t h n e ss an d ch a rm O f t hos e pa ss a g e s
1 05
which a r e b a s e d u po n P r i s cu s I n t h e s e a r e fou n d .

a ccur a te d e scri pt io n s O f t h e d is t i n gui shi n g t r a i t s o f

a li f e lik e a n d t ru t h ful p or t r a y a l O f
1 06
v a rious pe o pl e s ,
-

me n 1 07
a k e e n a n d c a r e ful a n a lysis o f t h e c a us e s a n d
,

1 08
m e a n i n gs o f v a rious e v e n t s a n d t h e u s e O f a pt figur e s ,

O f s pe e ch a n d com pa riso n s 1 09
Mo mms e n b e li e v e d t h a t .

Jor da n e s wa s im pr e ss e d by t h e b e a u t y o f t h e n a rr a t iv e O f
P r i s cus ( e vi d e n t e v e n in t h e v e rsio n o f C a ssio do rus ) a n d
co pi e d o u t t h e s e pa ss a ge s r a t h e r t h a n c o n de n s e d t h e m .

S t r a bo g e ogra ph e r Gr ec or u m n o bi l i s s cr i p t or
. Th e ,

( b 64 B C ) is ci t e d in I I 1 2 co n c e r n ing B ri t a i n a n d i s
.
,

e ls e wh e r e us e d a s a n a u t hori ty o n th e s am e subj e c t .

S ymma c h u s Jor da n e s s pe a ks O f th e l i f e o f t h e Em
.

p e r o r M a ximi n r e cor de d by a c e r t a i n Symm a chus i n

q ui n t o s u a e h is t o r i a e l i br o
110
a n d t h e r e s e e ms t o h a v e
’

b ee n a c o ns u l or di n ar i us o f t h a t n a m e i n 4 85 who w ro t e a
Rom a n his t ory i n s e v e n books Th e pa ss a ge s pr e s e rv e d -
.

by Jor d an e s corr e s po n d a lmos t wor d f o r wor d wi th t h e

li f e o f M a ximi n giv e n i n t h e S cr i pt o r es h i s t o r i a e A u
g s ta e u n d e r t h e n a m e O f Juli us C a pi t o l i n u s s o i t s e e ms
u

t h a t Symm a chus borrow e d his a ccoun t fr o m t h a t work .

Ta ci t u s . Cor n e li u s a n n al i u m s cr i p tor is ci t e d i n I I 13

an d us e d e ls ewh e r e on t he s a m e s ubj e c t ,
na m e ly B ri t a i n .

S ee XXX V I I 87, XXX I X 202 , XLI X 2 57.

L 2 61 .

XXX V 1 82 , XXX V I I I 2 00, XLI X 2 54 .

See t h e p a s s ag e s on th e nu mbe r O f Atti l a ’

s s o l di e r s , XXX V
1 82 ; th e f u n e r al py r e XL , 213 ; Ho n o ri a ,
XLI I 22 4 .

1 09
XXXV I I I 200 ; XL 2 12

XV 83 , an d s ee 88 .
34 J OR DA N E S I ORI GI N A ND DEEDS O F TH E G OT H S

bu t o n ly bo o ks X IV XXX I a r e e x t a n t b e gi n n i n g wi t h th e
-
,

l a s t y e a rs O f Co n s t a n t ius I I 3 53 Jor da n e s r e cor d s

som e e v e n t s O f Rom a n hi s t ory O f t hi s pe rio d i n XX IV
1 26 1 2 7 1 28
, ,
I n XX V a n d XX V I h e a ls o u s e s Ammi a
.

n u s ; n o t much t o be sur e ,
f o r a f t e r t h e vic t o ri e s o f
,

Cl a u d ius a n d A ur e li a n a l mo s t t o t h e t im e O f V a l e n s t h e
G o t hs per l on g a s a e cu l a s i l u e r u n t i mmo bi l es 112
a n d ac ,

c o r d i n g ly Jor d a n e s p a ss e s d ir e c t ly from Cons t a n t i n e t o

V a l e n s Schi rr e n co n j e c t ur e d t h at such pa ss a ge s a s X V I
.

89 9 3 X VII I 1 0 1 XX 1 09 a n d XX I 1 1 1 1 1 2 pe r t a i n
-
, , , , ,

i n g t o t h e e m p e rors from Phili p t o Co n s t a n t i n e I a r e

t a k e n from t h e los t pa r t s o f th e work o f A mmi a n us
113
.

Th e s t o r y O f th e wa r b e t w e e n th e Go t hs a n d t h e
G epi dae “ 4
a n d t h e a ccou n t giv e n O f Ge be r i ch a n d o f
,

H e r ma n a r i c 1 15
d o e s n o t s e e m t o be t a k e n from Am
’

t h a t H e r ma n a r i c commi t t e d sui
116
mi an us f o r h e s ays
,

ci de t hrough f e a r O f t h e H un s whil e Jor da n e s t e lls Of ,

hi s mur de r by t h e bro t h e rs S a rus a n d Ammi u s Momms e n .

b e li e v e d t h a t t h e pa ss a g e s in th e Ge ti ca b a s e d o n e x t a n t
p or t io n s O f Ammi a n us M a rc e llinus r e v e a l how Jo r da n e s
( o r C a ssio d orus ) pe rv e r t s t h e r e cor d s in his z e a l f o r th e
Go ths p oi n t i n g o u t a s a n o ta bl e ins ta n c e o f t his t h e a c
,

cou n t O f F r i t ig e rn s e sc ape in XX V I 1 3 6 1 3 7 ( s e e
’
-

comm e n t a ry ) .

A Con t i n u at o r of M a r ce l li n u s
M omms e n s O pin . In
’

i o n som e con t i n u a t or h a s b ee n m a d e u s e o f b e tw e e n t h e
e xc e r pt s from A mmi a nus which e n d i n XX VI I
3 8 an d
, ,

t hos e from P r i s cu s which b e gi n i n XXX IV ,

Ammi a n u s M a r c e ll i n u s 3 1 , 5, 1 7 .

S e e a l s o n o t es o n XV I 9 3 , X VI I I 1 01 , 1 03 , XX 1 08 .

XV I I .

XX I I XX I II
, and XX I V .

In 3 1, 3, 2 .

K o e pk e ( An f an g e d . K o n ig t h u ms be i d en Go th en p . s ug

g es t s E u n a p i u s .
 I NT R O D U CT I O N

M a r ce l l i n u s C o me s As t hi s a u t hor s wo rk wa s 118
’
.

n o t p ublish e d u n t il 5 3 4 C a ssiodorus w ri t ing b et w e e n , ,

5 2 6 a n d 53 3 could n o t h a v e us e d i t
, b u t Jord a n e s ev i ,

d e n t ly a v a il e d hims e l f O f t his chr on icl e p rob a bly i n full e r ,

f orm t h a n t h e v e rs io n we no w poss e ss in wri t i n g t h e ,

1 19
l a tt e r pa r t o f bot h his works .

Momms e n b e li e v e d t h at t h e r e a r e t r a c e s O f c on s u l a r i a
a lso i n t h os e pa r t O f t h e Ge ti ca which can be r e f e rr e d
1 20
wi t h r e a son a bl e a ssur a n c e t o C a ssi o d orus hims e l f an d ,

t h a t t his chro n icl e b e ga n e i t h e r from t h e e n d o f Pros pe r

o r pe rh a p s from t h e en d o f H i e ro n ymus C a ssio d orus .

coul d n o t m a k e u s e o f hi s o wn a n n a l s ( p ublish e d i n 5 1 9 )
o n a ccoun t o f t h e i r br e vi t y bu t we fi n d t h a t such pa ss a g e s ,

a s h e t h e r e ch a ng e d ( in a bbr e vi a t i n g Pros pe r ) b e c a us e O f

his Go t hi c t e nd e n ci e s a r e s imil a rly t r e a t e d i n t h e Ge ti ca ,

so t h a t t h e ge rms o f t h e gr e a t e r work ma y be s a i d t o
a ppea r i n t h e s m a ll e r
1 21
I n n a rr a t i n g t h e e v e n t s o f
.

’
Th e o d ori c s t im e C a ssio dorus a v a il e d hims e l f O f t h e s o
,

c a ll e d R a v e n n a A n n a ls .

P r o s pe r Pros pe r O f A q ui t a i n e ( b a bou t 4 00 A D )
. . . .

w ro t e a co n t i n u a t io n O f t h e chro n icl e o f H i e ro n ymus ,

c ov e ri n g t h e y e a rs 3 79 4 55 C a ssiodorus us e d Pros pe r -
.

in wri t ing his chro n icl e o f t h e worl d ( t o t h e y e a r

1 22
a n d a lso comm e n de d t h e work t o hi s m o n ks In .

A ch r o n i cl e by Co u n t M a r c e ll in us , an I l ly r i a n , e x cl u s i v e l y on

e v e nt s i n th e e a ste rn e mp i r e . It f all s
i n t o t h r ee p a r t s : (I) t he
c h ro n i c l e p r op e r , 3 79 5 1 8 ; -
(2) a c o n t i n u a t i o n t o 5 34 ; ( 3 ) a f u r th e r
co n t i n u a t i o n to 54 8 .

wh at i s i n R o ma n a 3 88 mq u e
11 °
S ee s ai d of th e a n n a l es c on s u lu

s er i e m .

1”"
I n XLV an d XLV I (o n th e ye a r s 4 55 an d p e r h ap s al s o

in XXX I I 1 65 - 1 66 ye a r s 4 1 1
( on the
c o mme n t a ry o n : X V I I I ( D e c i u s ) ; XX V I I I I 4 4
1”
S e e th e 1 03

( At h an a r ic ) XXX 1 54 ( P o l l e n t i a ) XXX 1 56 ( Ca p t u r e o f R o me )

XXX I I 1 66 (
“
Fl ig h t
”
Of t h e V a n d als i n t o S p a i n ) ; XL 2 09 ( B a t t l e
of th e Ca t a l aun i a n P l a i n s ) XLI I ‘
22 1 ( S i e g e o f Aq u i l e i a ) .

122
I n s t di v l i t t
. . . 17 .
3O J ORDA N E S I O R I G I N A ND D E E D S O F TH E G OT H S

XXX IV 1 77 t h e s t ory O f Li to r i u s i s t a k e n ov e r f rom

1 23
Pros pe r co n suls a n d a l l
,
a n d i n XL I I 2 2 3 t h e a ccou n t
,

O f Pope L e o s e mb a ssy t o A tt il a is from t h e s a m e sourc e

’
.

Th e s e pa ss a ge s mus t go b a ck t o C a ssio d orus f o r i n t h e ,

R o ma n a t h e r e is n o t r a c e o f Pros pe r .

Ru fi n u s . Ru fi n u s
O f A q uil e i a ( a bou t 3 4 5 4 1 0 ) d e -

vo t e d hims e l f a lm o s t e xclusiv e ly t o t h e p ro duc t io n o f

L a t i n v e rsio n s o f t h e w orks O f t h e Gr ee k pa t ri s t ic wri t e rs ,

a n d i t i s from o n e O f t h e s e t h a t Jo r d a n e s borrow e d hi s

p r e f a c e t o t h e Ge ti ca
1 24 '

S o li n u s . C . I u l i u s S o l in u s th e
gr a mm a ri a n who liv e d , ,

p rob a bly i n t h e t im e b e for e D i o cl e t i a n com pos e d a ,

C o l l e c ta n e a r e r u m me mo r a bi l i u m b a s e d m a i n ly o n ,

Pli n y s N a t ur a l H is t ory a n d con t a i n i n g a s e l e c t ion Of

’

t h e curiosi t i e s t h e r e i n m e n t io n e d a rr a n g e d f rom a g e o ,

gr a phic a l p oi n t O f V i e w Whil e C a ssio d orus p rob a bly di d

.

n o t m a k e u s e o f t hi s wri t e r d ir e c t ly y e t c e r t a i n p a ss a g e s ,

i n t h e Ge ti ca ( V 4 6 VI I 5 3 5 5 ) s o clos e ly r e s e mbl e t h e
,
-

C o ll e c ta n e a a s t o sugge s t t h e i n f e r e n c e t h a t bo t h wri t e rs
dr e w fr o m a c ommo n sourc e .

A Ge o gr a ph i c a l M a p Fi n a lly it i s Momms e n s b e li e f ’
.
,

t h a t such g e ogr a phi c a l pa ss a g e s a s t h e de scri pt io n s o f

1 25 1 26 1 27 1 28
Scy t hi a ,
Pan n on i a t h e D a n ub e
, S c a n dz a the , .

1 29
mou t hs O f t h e Vis t ul a a n d t h e riv e r V a gus ,
in which ,

pl a c e s a r e po r t r a y e d a s t h ey woul d a ppe a r o n a ma p a r e _ ,

b a s e d u p o n a n a c t u a l ma p Ev e n t h e lis t o f t h e isl a n d s
.

139
o f th e I n di a n O c e a n i s giv e n i n e x a c t ly t h e s a m e o r de r

Li t o r i u s ,
XXX I V 1 77 .

the p r e f ace to t h e Ge ti ca .
 I NT R ODU C T I O N

as i n th e work o f Julius H o n o r i us who wro t e from a ma p .

M omms e n woul d a sc rib e t o a lik e sourc e fi v e pa ss a g e s in

whic h cou n t ri e s or t rib es a r e l o c a t e d wit h r e f e r en c e t o ’

t h e p oi n t s O f t h e com pa ss
131
No w t h e provi n c e s t h e r e
.

m en t io n e d a r e O f t h e t im e be f o r e D iocl e t i a n a n d th e ,

d e scri pt io n s do n o t hol d good for t h e t im e O f C a ssio

d orus o r Jor da n e s bu t for a bou t th e s e co n d c e n t ury
, ,

wh e r e a s t h e o t h e r n a m e s O f loc a l i t i e s a n d r a c e s fou n d i n
t h e Ge ti c a a ccor d p r o p e rly w i t h fi f t h c e n t ury c o n d i t i o n s .

I t woul d be d i fficul t how e v e r t o d e ci de wh et h e r Ca s

, ,

s i o d o r u s a c t u a lly m a de u s e o f a ma p O f t h e w o rl d a s i t

was i n t h e s e co n d c e n t ury or m e r ely O f a n e p i t om e from

such a ma p lik e t h e e x t a n t b o oks O f Julius H o n orius
,
132

a n d t h e G e ogr a ph e r o f R a v e n n a
133
A S C a ssio d orus
.
134

s p e aks highly O f t his v e ry C os mog r a phi a O f H o n orius i t ,

n o t u n lik e ly t h a t h e us e d i t p e rh a p s i n full e r form t h a n

,

i t i s n o w k n ow n .

To t h e s e M a n i t ius ( N e u e s A rchiv 1 888 pp 2 1 3 2 1 4 ) , .

-

woul d a d d t h e followi n g a s possibl e sourc e s : S a llus t

-
,

Jugurt h a 60 I a n d 7 f o r X VI I 9 9 a n d 1 00 C a e s a r B G
, , . .

8 2 7 f o r XXX I 1 6 1 ; M a r t i a n us C a pe lla 6 62 8 for

, ,

XL IV 2 3 0 B u t t h e r e i s n o e vi d e n c e t h a t Jor da n e s r e a d
.

o r us e d t h e s e wri t e rs .

Ga li ci a XLI V 2 3o P an n o n i a L 2 64 t h e V a n da l s XX I I 1 1 4
, , ,

Dac i a XI I 74 S cyt hi a V 3 1 ( c o mp a r e
,

T hi s wo r k a l t h ou g h d a t i n g f r o m t h e st h c e n t u y c o n t a i n s t h e
‘ 3’
,
r ,

n a me s t a k e n f r o m a ma p c o n s t r uc t e d abo u t 3 60 A D . .

E n d O f t h e 7t h c e n t u r y
‘3 3
.

I n st div
. . li t t
. 25 .
 3 . C H R O NOLO GI C AL T A B L E
Followi n g Gu t s ch mi d )
(
Jor da n e s s a ys ( LX rob a bly f ollowi n g t h e fi g
p
ur e s O f C a ssio dorus a n d a dding i n o n his o wn a ccount
t h e four te e n y ea rs from t h e d eat h O f Th e o doric i n 5 2 6
t o t h e c apt ur e o f V i t i g e s in 54 0 t h a t t h e Ki n g dom o f t h e ,

Go t hs e n d ure d 2 03 0 y e a rs This s t a t e m e n t a ssig n s t h e .

b e gi n n i n g O f t h e Go t hic Ki n gdom t o th e y e a r 1 4 9 0 B C .

Gu t s ch mi d ( in M omms e n s p r e f a c e X X XX I ) s ough t
’
-
,

t o ex pl a i n t h e chronology a s follows

Fiv e ge n e r a t ions O f t h e firs t kings of t h e

Go t hs from B e rig t o Fi l ime r s o n O f
,

Ga da r i c ( I V 2 5 XX IV a bou t

—
,

1
1 67 y e a rs . B C . . 14 9 0 2
3 4 1

Ta n au s i s 2
shor t ly b e for e the A m a zo n s
—2 9 0
,

( VI 4 7 VI I a bou t
, 33 y e a rs . 1 2
3 3 1

Thr e e ge n e r a t ions o f A m a zons ( La m

pe t o a n d M a r pe s i a M e n a l i ppe an d H i p ,

poly te P e n t h e sil e a ) a bou t 1 00 y e a rs

—1 9 0
, ,

VI I 1 2 89 1

From t h e Troj a n W a r or t h e d e a t h , Of

P e n t h e sil e a ( VI I I or t h e d e a t h Of

1
T hi s y ea r r e s ts on t h e t e s ti mo n y of H e r o d o t us , 4 , 7: t r ea
’
ma n (the
S cy t h i an s ) érr e l r e 7676mm r e mfimr a r r a AéYOUO Lel l/cu da b 1r p arr ov Ba mh eo s
‘ ‘ '
’
' ‘

Ta p yt r d ov és
‘ '
Aa pe lo v Bcdfi a a w T ip ! é1r l mpéa s xt h l wv \ éw dh k a T oa a irr a
1r7 .

H i e r o n y mu s a s s i gn s t h e ba tt l e of M a r a th o n t o the ye a r of Abra h a m
1 52 5 B C 4 92 . .

Ta n au s i s , a mp o r a ry O f V e s o s i s o r S es o s t r i s r eig n e d a c
co n t e ,

co r di n g t o E u s e bi u s f r o m 1 3 74 1 3 1 9 B C Ca s s i o do r u s h as as sig n e d
-
.

h im a mo r e r e as o n abl e da t e .
 I N T R ODU CT I O N

Eury pylus ( I X t o t h e r e ign o f Cy

3
rus a lmos t 63 0 y e a rs ( X a c t u a lly

—
,

63 1 . 1 1 90 559

From Cyrus to Sull a 8

55 9 1 —

B ur ui st a , king in Sull a s ’
t im e ( XI 67) 90
—
57

Ki n g C o mos i cu s ( X I 73 )

Th e for ty y e a r r e ign O f Co ry ll u s ( X II
-

t h e t im e o f Tib e ri us ( X I 68 ) F 22 —8 A D
1 . .

I n t e rv a l O f on e ge n e r at io n ( X I I I 76 ) 19 —
50

Amal i B a l th a e

Ki n g D o r pa n eus t im e O f
D omi t i a n ( X II I 76 ) 5 1 —
83

H u l mu l 84 —7
—5
1 1

A ugis 1 18 1 0

Ama l 1 5 1 —1 83
H i s a rn i s 1 84 — 7 21

Os t r o g o th a N id a da 21 8 -
2 50

H u n uil O vi da ( Ki n g Cn iva ? X V I I I 101 ) 2 51 —83 2

Ath a l H il de r i th 2 84 —317
A ch i u l f Gebe r i ch 5
( XX I I 1 I 3) 3 1 8—350

3
Th i s i s th e y e a r J o r da n e s -
me an t , a l th o ug h h e h a s i n di c a t e d t h e
l as t year Of his r eign .

‘
Acc o r di n g l y bo t h Ki n g Do rp a n eu s a n d t h e fi r s t o f th e Ama l i
-
,

wh o m J o r d an e s me n ti o n s t og e th e r ( X I I I l iv e d i n t h e r e ig n
o f D omi t i a n .

Con s t a n t i n e, wh o e s t abl i s h e d t h e V a n d a l s i n P a n n o n i a ( XX I I
I’

1 15 ) di e d i n 3 3 7; i f the Va n dal s l i ve d th e r e f o r 70 y e a rs ( s o
Gu t s ch mi d wo u l d e men d i n p l a c e o f LX ) t h e y
,
we n t O ff i n t o Ga u l
i n 4 06 T h u s t h e v i ct o r y o f Gebe r i ch o v er t h e
. V a n dal s o cc u r r e d

in 3 3 6, a pp r o x i ma t e l y .
4 O J ORDA N E S I O R I G I N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G OT H S

H e r ma n a r i c 351
—
3 76
V i n i th a r i u s
H u n i mun d
Th o r i s mu d
4 y ea r i n t e rr e gn um ( XL VI I I
0-

V a l a mir
Thi u di me r
Th e o d oric
At h a l a r i c
Th e o da h a d
V i t ig e s

Y e a rs O f the r e ig n of th e Go t hs a moun t to
I 4 90 54 0 2 03 0 ( LX

KI N GS O F T H E V I S I G O T H S

Bro t h e rs of th e t hr e e p r e c e d i n g
 1
5 . B IB L I O GR A P HY
1 . M a n uscri p t Sourc e s O f t h e T e x t .

F o r a d e t a il e d a ccou n t o f t h e m a n uscri pt sourc e s O f t h e

t e x t s e e Momms e n s d i scussion i n t h e M o n umen ta
’

Ge r ma n ia e H i s t or i ca V I pp XL IV LXX For a l a t e r ,
.
-
.

d iscussi o n s e e t h e a r t icl e I or da n es i n a f o r t hcoming

v o lum e o f t h e P a uly W i s s o wa R e a l E n cycl opadi e
'

-
.

2 . Ed i t io n s .
2

H o l de r A : I o r da n i s D e o rigi n e a ct i bu s qu e Get a r u m
, .
, .

F r e i bu rg I B u n d Tii bi n g e n 1 882 Wi t hout cri t ic a l

. . .

a ppa r a t us or c o mm e n t a ry a n d fully su pe rs e d e d by ,

M omms e n s e di t io n ’
.

M omms e n Th : I o r da n i s R om a n a e t G e t ic a Monu
, . .

m e n t a G e rm a n i a c H i s t o r i ca A uc t or e s An t i q u i s s i mi ,

V 1 B e rlin 1 882 Th e a u t horit a t iv e e d i t io n

,
. .

3 . Tr a n sl a t ions .

Jor da n J : Jord a n e s L e b e n un d S chri f t e n n e bs t Prob e

, .

e in e r d e u t sch e n U ebe r s e t z u n g s e i n e r G e schich t e P r Og r . .

A nsb a ch 1 84 3 Co n t a i n s a t ra n sl a t io n o f ch a pt e rs 1 4 -

an d 24 —
.

2 7 m a d e a s s a m pl e s ,
.

M a r t e n s W : Jord a n e s Go th e n g e s ch i ch t e n e bs t A us
, .

z ii
g e n au s s e in e r ROmi s ch e n G e schich t e L e i pzig 1 883 . .

( Ge s ch i ch t sch r e i be r d e r d e u t sch e n Vo rz e i t Vol .

’
Th e t r a nsl a t io n i s ba s e d o n Momms e n s t ex t bu t c on ,

t a ins m a n y in a ccur a ci e s a n d mist ak e s .

S av a gn e r M A : , J o rn a n dés d e l a succ e ssio n d e s

. .

r oy a u me s e t d e s t em p s e t de l Or i g i n e e t d e s a c t e s d e s
’
-
,

Go t hs P a ris 1 84 2 A f a i t h ful r e n de ri n g o f a n old e r

. .

t e x t in t h e m a in t h a t o f Mur a t ori
,

bibl i o g r a p h y f e r e n ce s
1
T hi s do e s n ot gi v e re to s u ch g en e r al
wo r k s as th e h i s t o r i e s of l i t e r a t u re by Ebe r t , M an i ti u s an d Te u ff e l ,
W a t t e n ba ch s ’
Ge s chi c h t s q u e l l e n , o r si mi l ar g en e r al s o u rce bo ok s .

2
M o mms e n r eco r ds n in e te e n e di t i o n s t h at p r e ce d e d hi s o wn ,

a l l n o w o f li t t l e v a l u e .
 I NT R O D U C T I O N

4 . S pe ci a l M o n ogr a phs Journ a l A r t icl e s a n d R e vi e ws , , .

A rn dt W : R e vi e w o f M omms en in L i t e r a risch e s Cen

,
.
,

t ra l bl a tt 1 88 3 N 3 1 pp 1 0 60 1 063 . .
-
.

A rnd t W : R e vi e w o f H ol de r i n L i t e r a risch e s C e n t r a l
,
.
,

bl a t t 1 883 N 3 6 p 1 2 63 . . .

B a chm a nn A : Z u I o r dan i s i n N e u e s A rchiv de r G e s e ll

, ,

sch a f t fur al t e r e d e u t sch e G e schicht skun de I 89 8 ( 2 3 )

'

pp . 1 75
-
1 76

B e r gmii ll e r , L Ei n ige B e m e rku n g e n zur Lat i n i t a t des

. :

Jord a n e s P r o g r A ugsburg 1 9 0 3 . . .

“
Ci poll a C : Consi de ra zioni sull e G e t ic a di Jor d a n e s
, .
,

e sull e loro r e l a zio n i coll a H is t ori a Ge t a r u m d i C a ssio

d ori o S e n a t or e Tori n o 1 89 2 ( M em de ll a R A cc a d . . . . .

d i Tori n o s e r I I t o m 4 3 . .
,

Erh a r dt L : R evi e w O f Momms en H ol de r a n d M a r t e ns

, .
, ,

in H is t orisch e Z e i t schri f t I 886 ( 5 6 o r N e u e Folg e ,

2 0 ) N 6 pp 5 1 3 5 1 9 . .
-
.

Erh a rd t L : R e vi e w O f Momms e n i n Go tt i n g i s ch e g e
, .
,

l e hr t e A nz e ig e n 1 886 N I 7 pp 669 708 . .

-
.

Frick C : R e vi e w o f Ci poll a i n B e rli n e r philologisch e

, .
,

Woch e nschri f t 1 89 4 N 4 4 pp 1 3 87 1 3 9 2 . .
-
.

Fri e dri ch J : Ue b e r di e ko n t rov e rs e n Fr a ge n i m L e b e n

, .

de s Got isch e n Ges ch i ch t s ch r e ibe r s Jord a n e s i n S i t ,

z u n s be r i ch t e de r hiloso p hisch p hilologi sch n d d e

g p n r -
e u

his t ori sch e n Kl a ss e d e r K B Ak a de mi e d e r Wiss e n . .

s ch a f t e n z u M ii n ch e n 1 9 0 7pp 3 79 4 4 2 .
-
.

Gr i e n be rg e r , Th . V . : Di e Vo r f a hr e n de s Jor da n e s ,
in
G e rm an i a 1 889 pp 4 06 4 09 .
-
.

Grimm J a c : Ueb e r I o r n an de s u n d di e G e t en Kl e i n e r e
, .
,

Schri f te n I I I pp 1 71 2 3 5 B e rli n 1 866 .

-
. .

Gu t sch mi d A V : R e vi e w o f Schirr e n i n J a h n s J a hr
’
.
, .
,

bii ch er f ii r cl a s s i s ch e Philologi e 1 862 pp 1 2 4 1 5 1 .

-
.

( Kl e in e Schri f t e n V pp 2 88 3 3 6 L e i pzig .
-
,

Jord a n J s ee a bov e u n d e r Tr a n sl a t io n s
, , .

K Opke R : ,
D i e A n f ang e d e s K On igt h u ms be i d e n
.

Go th e n pp 4 4 77 B e rli n 1 8 59 .
-
.
44 J O RD A N E S : O RI GI N A ND DE EDS OF T H E G OT H S

M a ni t ius M : Z u Ekk e h a r d u n d Jor da n e s i n N e u e s

,
.
,

A rchiv de r G e s e llsch a f t fii r a l t e r e d e u t sch e Ge s ch i ch t s

ku n de 1 888 ( 3 ) pp 1 2 1 3
—
2 1 4 . .

M a n i t ius M : G e schich t lich e s a u s mi t t e l a l t e rlich e n B ib

,
.

l i o t h e ksk a t a l o g e n : I o r da n i s i n N e u e s A rchiv 1 9 07 ,

( 3 ) pp
2 . 65 1 65 2 -
.

M a n i t ius M : R evi e w of B e r g mu l l e r i n Woch e n schri f t

,
.
,

f ii r Kl a ssisch e Philologi e 1 9 03 N 4 4 pp 1 2 04 1 2 0 7 . .
-
.

M a n i t ius M2 : R evi e w o f B e r gmul l e r i n Bl att e r f ii r da s

, ,

Gym n a si a l Schulw e s e n h e ra usg e ge b en vom b ay e r -

.

Gy mn as i a l s ch u l we s en I 9 O4 I /I I pp 9 4 9 5 .
-
.

M a r t en s W : R e vi e w O f Momms e n a n d H ol d e r i n Li t
, .
,

e r a t u r bl a t t f ii r g e rm a n i sch e u n d rom a n isch e Philologi e

1 883 N 3 pp 8 5 8 7 . .
-
.

Schi rr e n C : d e r a t i o n e q u a e i n t e r I o r d a n em e t C assio
, .

d o r i um i n te r ce da t co mmen t a t i o D o r pa t I 8 58 . .

Schirr e n C : R e vi e w o f Momms e n a n d H ol de r i n
, .
,

D e u t sch e L i t e r a t urz e i t u n g 1 882 N 4 0 pp 1 4 2 0 1 4 2 4 . .

-
.

Simso n B V : Z u J o r da n i s in N e u e s A rchiv 1 89 7 ( 2 2 )
,
. .
,

PP .

S y be l , H . V . : de f o n t i bu s libri I o r da n i s D e or i gi n e
a ct u q u e Ge t a r u m
B e rli n 1 83 8 . .

S ybe l H V : R e vi e w O f K opk e
, . . an d Schi r re n , in His
t o r i s ch e Z e i t schri f t 1 8 59 N 2 .
pp .
5 1 1 -
5 6
1 .

U s en e r, H . : An e cdo to n H o l de r i ,
F e s t schri f t zur Philo
l o g e n v e r s a mml u n g i n
Wi e sb a de n I 8 77 .

W e is e R e vi e w o f B e rg mull e r i n N e u e Philologisch e
, ,

Ru n dsch a u 1 9 04 N 2 3 pp 5 3 9 54 0 . .
-
.

W e r n e r F : D i e La t i n i t at de r G e t ic a d es Jo r dan i s
, . .

H a ll e 1 9 08 .

W Offli n E : Zur Lat i n i ta t de s Jor da n e s i n A rchiv f u r

.
,

L a t e i n isch e L e xicogr a phi e u n d Gr a mm at ik X I pp 3 61 .

3 68 L e i pzig 1 9 00
. .
 6 . L ITER A R Y ANAL YSI S OF TH E GE TI CA
[ Th e A r abi c n u mbe r s p r i n t e d i n t h e L i t e r a r y An a ly s i s bel o w an d
,

i n t h e ma r g i n o f t h e E n g l i s h v e r s i o n co r r e sp o n d
, t o t h e Ar abi c
n u mbe r s wh i c h ma r k t h e s ect i on s i n M o mms e n s t e x t ]
’

Pr e f a c e 1 -3

I G e o gr a phic a l In t ro d uc t ion 4 2 4

O ce an 4 5 -

Th e E a s t e r n I sl a n d s 6
Th e W e s t e r n I sl a n d s 7 2 4 -

L e ss e r I sl a nds 78 -

Bri t a i n 1 0 1 5 -

S ca n d z a 9 ,
1 6- 2 4

U n i t e d Go t hs 2 5- 1 30
1 . Migr a t io n O f t h e Got hs un de r t he i r firs t king ,

B e rig f rom S can dz a t o Go t h i s ca n dz a a n d

,

t h e n c e t o t h e l a n d O f t h e U l me r ug i 2 5 2 6 -

M igr a t io n t o Scy t hi a u n de r F il ime r 2 7 2 9 -

[ D e scri pt i on o f Scy t hi a 3 0 3 7] -

Th e t hr e e succ es siv e a bo d e s o f t h e Go t hs 3 8 4 2 -

I n Scy t hi a n e a r L ak e M ae o t i s
I n Mo e si a Thr a c e a n d D a ci a
,

In Scy t hi a a ga in a bov e th e S ea o f Po n t us
,
.

[ Th e ir a rch e ry a n d h e ro e s 4 3 ]
2 Th e Go t hs i n Scy thi a, n ea r L ke M ae ot i s
4 4 57
a -

—
.

Exploi t s o f Ki g Ta au s s 4 4 4 8
n n i
[ D e scri pt io n O f t h e D o n a n d D n i e pe r
4 5 4 6]
-

Th e Scy t hi a n A m a zons i n A si a M i n or 4 9 5 7 -

[ D scri t ion O f t h C uc a sus 5 55]

2 -
e p e a
48 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S OF T H E GOT H S

Th e Go t hs in Mo e si a Thr a c e a n d D a ci a 5 7 8 1
,
-

Te l e f us a n d Eury pylus : t h e Troj a n W a r

8
5 60
-

u Tomy ris d f a t s Cyrus 6 1 62

Q e e n e e -

Ki n g An ty r u s d e f e a t s D a ri us 63 64 -

G
’

Q u e e n u di l a s d a ugh t e r b e c o m e s t h e wi f e

o f Phili p O f M a c e d o n 65

S i ta l ce s co n q u e rs P e r d i cca s 66
Ki n g B u r ui s t a Th e wis e rul e o f D i ci n e us
.
,

a co n t e m p or a ry of Sull a 67 69 7 2,
-

Th e Go ths in t h e t im e O f C a e s a r A ugus t us ,

an d Tib e rius 68

Ki n gs Co mo s i cu s a n d Co ryl l u s 73
[ D e scri pt io n O f D a ci a a n d t h e D a nub e
74 75 ]
-

Ki n g D o r pa n eu s w a rs wi t h D omi t i a n 76 78 -

[ G e n e a l og y O f t h e A m a l i 78 8 1 ] -

4 . Th e Go t hs a ga i n i n Scy t hi a—b eyond t h e S e a

O f Pon t us 82 1 3 0 -

M a ximi n t h e Go t h a Rom a n Em pe ror

, ,

8 3 88
-

Ki n g Os t r o go t h a w a rs wi t h Phili p 89 9 2 -

e scri pt io n o f M a r c i a n o pl e 9 3 ]
[ D
Th e G e pi d a e an d t h e i r d e f e a t a t t h e h a n d s of

O s t r o g o th a 9 4 1 00-

Ki n g Cn i v a a t wa r wi t h D e cius -
1 03

Th e G o t hs i n th e t im e o f G a llus
V o l us i an u s ,

a n d Ae mil i a n u s 1 04 1 06 -
.

Th e Go t hs plu n d e r A si a M i n or in t h e r e ig n
o f G a lli e n us 1 0 7 1 09 -

[ D e scri pt iv e r e f e r e n c e s t o Ch a lc e do n ,

Ilium a n d An ch i a l i 1 0 7 1 0 9 ] -

D ee d s O f t h e Go t hs in t h e t im e s o f D io cl e
t i a n a n d his coll e a gu e s 1 1 0
Th e Go t hs und e r A r i a r i c an d Ao ri c i n t h e
50 J O RD A N ES : O R I GI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

B a tt l e O f th e C a t a l a u n i a n Pl a i n s . D e a th of

Th e o do r i d I 1 92- 2 1 7
D e e d s a n d de a th o f Th o r i s mu d
Co n t i n u a .

’
t io n O f A t t il a s c a r e e r 2 1 8 2 2 8 -

Ki n g Th e o do r id I I 2 2 9 2 3 4 -

Ki n g Euri ch 2 3 5 2 4 4 -

Th e W e s t e r n Em p i r e from t h e d e a t h O f V a
l e n t i n i a n I I I t o Romulus Au g u s t u l u s th e ,

l a s t W e s t e rn Em per or 2 3 5 2 4 1 -

Th e rul e o f O d o a c e r 2 4 2 2 4 3 -

A l a ri c I I l a s t Ki n g o f t h e Vi sigo t hs 2 4 5
,

2 . Th e O s t rogo t hs 2 4 6 3 1 4 -

Ki n g V i n i t h a r i u s co n q u e rs t h e A n t e s a n d i s
co n q u e r e d by t h e H u n s 2 4 6 2 4 9 -

Ki n g H u n i mu n d 2 5 0
King Th o r i s mu d 2 5 0
In t e rr e g n um o f for ty y e a rs 2 5 1
Ki n g V a l a mi r 2 5 2 2 76 -

D ea t h O f A tt il a a n d dissolu t io n o f t h e Ki n g
d o m o f t h e H u n s 2 54 2 63 -

H om e s O f t h e Go t hs a lo n g th e L ow e r D an
u be 2 64 —66
2

Th e Go t hi c origi n of the a u t hor Jor da n e s

,

2 66

Th e L e ss e r Go t hs 2 67
Th e O s t rogo t hs i n P a n n oni a 2 68 2 76 -

King Th i u dime r S e izur e o f M a c e do n i a

.

277 2 88
-

Ki n g Th e o d oric t h e Gr e a t a n d t h e Ki n g ,

d om o f th e O s t rogo t hs i n I t a ly 2 89 3 04 -

King Ath a l a r i c Ama l a s u en t h a 3 0 5 3 06

.
-

Th e O s t rogo t hs ov e rcom e by t h e Em pe ror

Jus t i n i a n 3 0 7 3 1 4
-

IV Co n clusion 3 5 316
1 -
 T H E O RI GI N AND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

Pr e f a c e

Though i t h a d b e e n my wish t o glid e i n my li t t l e bo a t

by t h e e dge O f t h e pea c e ful shor e and a s a c e rt a in wri t e r ,

s a ys t o c a t ch li tt l e fish e s from th e p ools O f th e an ci en t s

, ,

you brot h e r Ca s t a l iu s bi d me s e t my s a ils t ow a r d t h e

, ,

deep Y ou urge me t o l e a v e t h e l i t t l e work I h a v e i n

.

h a n d t h a t i s t h e a bbr evi a t io n o f t h e Chro n icl e s a n d t o

, , ,

co n d e n s e i n my own s tyl e in t his sm a ll book th e t w e lv e

volum e s O f S e n a t or o n t h e origi n a n d d e e ds o f t h e
G et a e f rom old e n t im e t o t h e pr e s en t day de sc e n d i n g ,

2 t hrough t h e g e n e r a t io n s o f t h e ki n gs Truly a h a r d co m
.

m an d a n d im pos e d by o n e who s e e ms u n willi n g t o r e a l iz e

,

t h e burd e n o f t h e t a sk No r do you no t e t his t h a t my

.
,

ut t e r a nc e i s t o o sligh t t o fill S O m a gn ific e n t a t rum pe t o f

s pe e ch a s hi s B u t wors e t h a n e v e ry o t h e r burd e n i s th e
.
'

f a ct t h at I h a v e no a cc e ss t o his books t h at I may follow

his t hough t S t ill—a n d l e t me l i e n o t I h a v e i n t im e s
.
-

pa s t r e a d t h e books a s e co n d t im e by his s t e w a rd s lo an f o r
’

a t hr e e d a ys r e a di n g Th e w o r ds I r e c a ll n o t bu t t h e
’
.
,

s e n s e a n d t h e d e e d s r e l a t e d I t hi n k I r e t a i n e n t ir e To .

t his I h a v e a d de d fi tt i n g m a t t e rs from som e Gr ee k a n d

L a t i n his t ori e s I h a v e a lso pu t in a n i n t roduc t io n a n d
.

a co n clusio n a n d h a v e i n s e r t e d m a n y t hi n gs o f my o wn
,

a u t horshi p Wh e r e for e r e pro a ch me n o t bu t r e c e iv e an d

.
,

r e a d wi t h gl a d n e ss wh a t yo u h a v e a sk e d me t o wri t e I f .

a ugh t be i n su ffici e n t ly s p ok e n a n d you r e m e mb e r i t do ,

you a s a n e ighbor t o o u r r a c e a dd t o i t p r ayi n g f o r me , ,

dea r e s t bro t h e r Th e L ord be wi t h y o u

. Am en . .

51
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

G e ogra phic a l I n t ro duc t io n

I O ur c e s t ors a s O rosius r e l a t e s w e r e o f O pi n ion
an , ,

th a t t h e circl e o f t h e whol e worl d wa s surrou n de d

by t h e gi r dl e O f O c e a n o n t hr e e si de s I t s t hr e e pa r t s .

t h e y c a ll e d A si a Eur o pe a n d A fric a
,
Co n c e r n i n g t hi s .

’
t hr e e fol d l l S l o n o f t h e e a r t h s e x t e n t t h e r e a r e a lmos t

i n n um e r a bl e wri t e rs who n ot o n ly e x pl a i n t h e si t u a t ions

,

O f ci t i e s a n d pl a c e s but a lso m e a sur e o u t t h e n umb e r O f

,

mil e s an d pa c e s t o giv e mor e cl e a r n e ss Mor e ov e r t h e y .

loc a t e t h e i sl a n d s i n t e rs pe rs e d a mi d t he w a v e s bo t h th e ,

gr e a t e r a n d a lso t h e l e ss e r isl a n d s c a ll e d t h e Cycl a de s or ,

S por a de s a s si t u a t e d i n t h e v a s t flo o d o f t h e Gr e a t S ea
,
.

B u t th e im pa ss a bl e f a r t h e r bou n d s o f O c e a n n o t o n ly h a s
n o o n e a tt em pt e d t o d e scrib e bu t n o man h as b e e n a l
,

low e d t o r e a ch ; for by r e a so n O f obs t ruc t i n g s e a w e e d a n d

t h e f a ili n g O f t h e win d s i t i s pl a i n ly i n a cc e ssibl e a n d is
’

u n k n ow n t o a n y s a v e t o H im who m a de i t B u t t h e .

n e a r e r bor d e r o f t hi s s e a which we c a ll t h e circl e O f t h e

,

worl d s urr o u n d s i t s co a s t s lik e a wr e a t h

, Thi s h a s .

b e com e cl ea rly k n ow n t o men o f i n q uiri n g mi n d e v e n ,

t o such a s d e sir e d t o wri t e a bou t i t F o r n o t o n ly i s t h e

.

co a s t i t s e l f i n h abi t e d bu t c e r t a i n i sl a n ds O ff i n t h e s e a
,

a r e h a bi t a bl e Thus t h e r e a r e t o th e E a s t i n th e I n d i a n
.

O c ea n H i ppo de s I a mn e s i a Solis P e r u s t a ( which t hough

, , ,

n o t h a bi t a bl e is ,y e t O f gr e a t l e n g t h a n d br e a dt h ) b e si de s ]
,

T a p rob a n e a f a i r isl a n d wh e r e i n t h e r e a r e t ow n s o r
,

e s t a t e s a n d t e n s t ro n gly for t ifi e d ci t i e s B ut th e re i s yet

‘

a n o t h e r t h e lov e ly S il e f an t i n a a n d Th e ro s a lso
, , Th e s e .
,

t hough n o t cl e a rly de scrib e d by a n y wri t e r a r e n e v e r t h e ,

l e ss w e ll fill e d wi t h inh a bi ta n t s Thi s s a m e O c e a n h a s .

i n i t s w e s t e rn r e gi o n c e r t a i n isl a n d s know n t o a lm o s t
e v e ryo n e by r e a so n O f t h e gr e a t n umb e r O f t hos e t h a t

j our n ey t o a n d fro An d t h e r e a r e t wo n o t f a r from t h e

.

n e ighborho o d o f t h e S t r a i t O f G a d e s o n e t h e Bl e ss e d ,

I sl e a n d a n o th e r c a ll e d t h e For t u n at e A l though som e .

 T H E G OT H I C H I ST O RY

r e ckon a s isl a n d s o f O c e a n t h e t wi n promo n t ori e s o f

G a lici a a n d L usi ta n i a wh e r e a r e s t ill t o be s e en th e
,

’
T e m pl e o f H e rcul e s o n o n e a n d Sci p io s Mo n um e nt on
t h e o t h e r y e t s inc e t h ey a r e j oin e d t o t h e e x t r e mi t y o f
,

t h e G a lici a n cou n t ry t h e y b e long r a t h e r t o t h e con t i n e n t

,

o f Euro pe t h a n t o t h e isl a n d s O f O c e a n H ow e v e r it .
,

h as o t h e r isl a n d s d ee pe r wi t hi n i t s o wn t id e s which a r e ,

c a ll e d t h e B a l e a r e s ; a n d y e t a n o t h e r M e v a n i a b e si de s
t h e O r ea d e s t hir t y —
, ,

, t hr ee i n numbe r t hough n o t a l l i n
,

h a bi t e d An d a t t h e f a r t h e s t bou n d o f i t s w e s t e rn e x
.

p a n s e i t h a s a no t h e r isl a n d n a m e d Thul e o f which t h e ,

M a n t u a n b a r d m a k e s m e n t ion :

An d F a r t h e s t Thul e sh a ll s e rv e t h e e .

Th e s a m e migh ty s ea h a s a lso i n i t s a rc t ic r e g i on t h a t i s , ,

i n t h e n or t h a gr e a t isl a n d n a m e d S ca n dz a from which

, ,

my t a l e ( by Go d s gr a c e ) sh a ll t a k e i t s b e gi n n i n g F o r
’
.

t h e r a c e whos e origi n y o u a s k t o k n ow burs t for t h lik e a

sw a rm O f b e e s from t h e mi d s t O f t his isl a n d a n d c a me
i n t o t h e l a n d O f Euro pe B u t h ow o r in wh a t wis e we
.

sh a ll ex pl a i n h e r e a f t e r i f i t be t h e L or d s will
,
’
.

I I B ut n ow l e t me s pe a k bri e fly a s I ca n co n c e rni n g B RI TAI N

t h e isl a n d o f B ri t a i n which is si t u at e d i n t h e bosom o f
,

O c ea n b e tw e en S p a i n G a ul a n d G e rm a n y
,
A l t hough .

L ivy t ells us t h a t n o o n e i n form e r d a ys s a il e d a rou n d

i t b e c a us e o f i t s gr ea t siz e y e t m a n y wri t e rs h a v e h e ld
, ,

v a rious O pi n io n s a bou t i t I t wa s long un a ppro a ch e d by

.

Rom an a rms un t il Juliu s C a e s a r d iscl os e d i t by b a t t l e s

,

f ough t f o r m e r e glory In t h e busy a g e which f ollow e d

.

i t b e c a m e a cc e ssibl e t o m a n y t hrough t r a d e an d by o t h e r
m ea ns Thus i t r e v e a l e d mo re cl e a rly i t s posi t io n which
.
,

I sh a ll h e r e e x pl a i n a s I h a v e fou n d i t i n Gr e e k a n d L a t i n
a u t hors . Mos t O f t h e m s ay i t i s lik e a t ri a ngl e p oi n t i n g
b et w e e n t h e n or t h a n d w e s t I t s wi de s t a n gl e f a c e s t h e
.

mou t hs o f t h e Rhi n e Th e n t h e isl a n d shri n ks i n br ea dt h

.

a n d r e c e de s u n t il i t e n d s i n t wo o t h e r a n gl e s I t s two
’

.
54 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N AN D D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

lo n g sid e s f a c e G a ul a n d G e rm a n y I t s gr e a t e s t b re a dt h .

is s a i d t o be ov e r t wo t hous a n d t hr e e hun d r e d a n d t e n
s t a d i a a n d i t s l e n g t h n o t mor e t h a n s e v e n t hous a n d
,

on e hu n dr e d a n d t hi rt y t wo s t a di a -
I n som e pa r t s .

i t is m oorl a n d i n o t h e rs t h e r e a r e woo de d pl a i n s a n d
, ,

som et im e s i t ris e s in t o mou n t a i n pe a ks Th e i sl a n d i s .

surrou n de d by a sluggish s e a which n e i t h e r giv e s r e a dily ,

t o t h e s t rok e O f t h e o a r no r runs high u n de r t h e bl a s t s

o f t h e wind I suppos e t his is b e c a us e o t h e r l a n ds a r e
.

so f a r r e mov e d from i t a s t o c a us e no di s t urb a n c e O f t h e

s e a which in d ee d is o f gr e a t e r wi d t h h e r e t h a n a n ywh e r e
,

e ls e . M or e ov e r S t r a bo a f a mous wri t e r O f t h e Gr e e ks
, ,

r e l a t e s t h a t t h e isl a n d e xh a l e s such mis t s f rom i t s soil ,

so ak e d by t h e fr e q u e n t i n ro a d s o f O c e a n t h a t t h e s u n i s ,
”

cov e r e d t hroughou t t h e whol e O f t h e i r dis a gr e ea bl e sor t

o f day t h a t p a ss e s a s f a i r a n d s o is hi d d e n f rom sigh t
, .

Cor n e lius a ls o t h e a ut hor O f th e A n n a ls s a ys t h a t in

, ,

t h e f a r t h e s t p a r t O f B ri t a i n t h e n igh t g e t s brigh t e r a n d
i s v e ry short H e a lso s a ys t h a t t h e isl a n d a bounds i n
.

m e t a ls i s w e ll su ppli e d wi t h gr a ss a n d i s mor e pro d uc

,

t iv e i n a l l t hos e t hi n gs which f e e d b e a s t s r a t h e r t h a n me n .

Mor e ov e r m a n y l a rge riv e rs flow t hrough i t a n d t h e ,

t id e s a r e bor n e b a ck i n t o t h em rolling a lo n g p r e cious ,

s t o n e s a n d pe a rls Th e Silur e s h av e sw a r t hy f e a t ur e s
.

a n d a re usu a lly born wi t h curly bl a ck h a i r bu t t h e i n h a b ,

i t a n t s O f C a l e d o n i a h a v e r e d d ish h a ir a n d l a rg e l oos e
j oi n t e d bo d i e s Th ey a r e l i k e t h e G a uls or t h e S pan i a r d s
. -
,

a cco r d i n g a s t h e y a r e o pp osi t e e i t h e r n a t i o n H e n c e som e .

h a v e supp os e d t h at f rom t h e s e l a nds th e isl a n d r e c e iv e d

i t s i n h a bi t an t s a lluri n g t h e m by i t s n e a rn e ss
,
A ll t h e .

p e o pl e a n d t h e i r ki n gs a r e a lik e wil d Y e t D io a mos t .

,

c e l ebr a t e d w ri t e r O f a n n a ls a ssur e s us O f t h e f a c t t h a t
,

t h ey h a v e b e e n combi n e d un d e r t h e n a m e O f C a l e do
n i a n s a n d M a e a t ae Th ey l iv e i n w a tt l e d hu t s a sh e l t e r
.
,

u s e d i n commo n wi t h t h e i r fl ocks a n d o f t e n t h e woo d s

,

a r e t h e i r hom e Th e y pa i n t t h e i r bo d i e s wi t h i ro n r e d
.
-
,
 T H E G OT H I C H I ST O R Y

wh e t h e r by wa y O f a dorn m e n t or p e rh a p s f o r som e o t h e r
r ea so n Th e y O f t e n w a g e wa r wi t h on e a no th e r e i t h e r
.
,

b e c a us e t h e y d e sir e pow e r o r t o incr ea s e t h e ir p oss e ssio n s .

Th ey figh t n o t o n ly o n hors e b a ck o r o n foo t bu t e v e n ,

wi t h scy t h e d t wo hors e ch a ri o t s which t h e y commo n ly

-
,

c a ll es s e da e Le t it suffic e t o h a v e s a i d t hus much o n t h e

.

S h a pe o f t h e isl a n d O f Bri ta i n .

I I I Le t u s now r e t ur n t o t h e sit e o f t h e isl a n d O f

S CA N DZ A
S ca n dz a which we l e f t a bov e
,
Cl a u d ius P t ol e m ae us a n
.
,

e xc e ll e n t d e scrib e r o f t h e worl d h as m a d e m e n t io n O f i t
,

“
in t h e s e co n d book o f his work s a yi n g : Th e r e i s a
,

gr ea t isl a n d S i t u a t e d in t h e surge O f t h e n or t h e rn O c ea n ,

S ca n d z a by n a m e i n t h e sh a pe O f a j u n i pe r l e a f wi t h
,

bulging si de s which t a pe r t o a p oi n t a t a lo n g e n d .

P o mpo n i u s M e l a a lso m a k e s m e n t io n o f i t a s si t u a t e d i n
t h e Co da n Gul f o f t h e s e a wi t h O c e a n l a pp i n g i t s shor e s
, .

Thi s isl a n d li e s i n fron t o f t h e riv e r Vis t ul a which ri s e s ,

i n t h e S a rm a t i a n mou n t a i n s a n d flows t hr o ugh i t s t ri pl e

mou t h i n t o t h e n or t h e r n O c e an in sigh t O f S ca n dz a s e p ,

a r a t i n g G e rm a n y a n d Scy t hi a Th e isl a n d h a s in i t s
.

e a s t e r n pa r t a v a s t l ak e i n t h e bo som O f t h e e a r t h wh e n c e ,

t h e V a gus riv e r s pri n gs from t h e bow e l s O f t h e e a r t h a n d

flows surgi n g i n t o t h e O c e a n An d o n t h e w e s t i t is sur
.

round e d by a n imm e n s e s e a O n t h e n or t h i t i s bou n ded

.

by th e s a m e v a s t u n n a vig a bl e O c e a n from whi ch by ,

m e an s o f a sor t O f proj e ct i n g a r m O f l a n d a ba y is cu t Off

a n d f orms t h e G e rm a n S e a H e r e a lso t h e r e a r e s a i d t o
.

be m a ny sm a ll isl an ds sc a t t e r e d round a bou t I f wo l v e s .

cro ss ov e r t o t h e s e i sl a n d s wh en t h e s e a is f roz en by
r e a so n o f t h e gr ea t col d t h e y a r e s a i d t o los e t h e i r sigh t
,
.

Thus t h e l an d i s n ot o n ly i n hos pi t a bl e t o me n bu t cru el

e v e n t o wild b e a s t s .

N ow i n t h e isl a n d O f S ca n d z a wh e r e o f I s pe a k t h e r e
, ,

dw e ll m a n y a n d d iv e rs n at io n s t hough P t ol e m a e us me n
,

t ions th e n a m e s O f bu t s e v e n O f t h e m Th e r e t h e ho n e y
.

m a ki n g sw a rms O f b e e s a r e n owh e r e t o be fou n d on

-
56 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EED S O F T H E G O T H S

a ccou n t O f t h e e xc e e di n g gr e a t col d I n th e n o r t h e rn pa r t .

O f t h e isl a n d t h e r a c e O f t h e A do g i t liv e who a r e s a i d ,

t o h a v e co n t i n u a l ligh t i n mi d summ e r f o r for t y d a ys a n d

n igh t s a n d who lik e wi s e h a v e n o cl e a r ligh t i n t h e wi n t e r

‘

s e a so n for th e s am e n umb e r o f da ys a n d n igh t s By .

r ea so n o f t his a l t e rn a t io n O f sorrow a n d j oy t h e y a r e lik e

n o o t h e r r a c e I n t h e ir su ff e ri n gs a n d bl e ssi n gs A n d why ? .

B e c a us e d uri n g t h e l o n ge r d ays t h e y s e e t h e su n r e t ur n i n g
t o t h e e a s t a lo n g t h e rim O f th e horizo n bu t o n t h e shor t e r
.
, .

d ays i t i s n o t t hus s e e n Th e s u n shows i t s e l f d i ff e r e n t ly

.

b e c a us e i t i s p a ssi n g t hrough t h e sout h e r n sig n s a n d ,

wh e r e a s t o us t h e s u n is s e e n t o ris e from b e low i t is s a i d ,

t o go a rou n d t h e m a lo n g t h e e dg e o f t h e e a r t h Th e r e .

a lso a r e o t h e r p e o pl e s Th e r e a r e t h e S cr e r e f e n n a e who
.
,

d o n o t s e ek gr a i n for foo d bu t l iv e o n th e fl e sh o f wil d

’
b e a s t s an d bi r d s e ggs ; for t h e r e a r e such mul t i t u de s o f
you n g g a m e i n t h e sw a m p s a s t o p rovi de fo r t h e n a t ur a l
i n cr e a s e o f t h e i r ki n d a n d t o a ff or d s a t is f a c t io n t o t h e
n e e d s O f t h e p e op l e B u t st ill a n o t h e r r a c e dw e lls t h e r e
.
,

t h e S u e h a n s who lik e t h e Thuri n gi an s h a v e s pl e n d i d

, , ,

hors e s H e r e a lso a r e t hos e who s e n d t hrough i n n ume r

.

a bl e o t h e r t rib e s t h e s a pphir e color e d ski n s t o t r a d e f o r

Rom a n u s e Th ey a r e a pe o pl e f a m e d f o r t h e d a rk b e a u ty
.

O f t h e i r furs a n d t hough livi n g i n p ov e r ty a r e mos t richly

, ,

clo th e d Th en come s a t hr o n g o f v a ri ous n a t i o n s Th e u

.
,

s t e s V a g o t h B e r g i o H a ll i n Li o t h i d a
, , ,
A ll t h ei r h a bi t a
, .

t io n s a r e i n o n e l e v e l a n d f e r t il e r e gi o n Wh e r e fo r e t h e y .

a r e d i s t urb e d t h e r e by t h e a t t a cks O f o t h e r t rib e s B e hi n d .

t h e s e a r e t h e A h e l mi l F i n n a i t h ae F e r v i r a n d Gau t hig o th
, , ,

a r a c e O f me n bol d a n d q uick t o figh t Th e n com e th e .

Mixi E v a g r e a n d Ot in g i s A ll t h e s e liv e l ik e wil d a n i

~

, , .

m a ls i n rocks h e w n o u t lik e c a s t l e s An d t h e r e a r e be .

yo n d t h e s e t h e O s t rogo t hs Ra u ma r i ci A e r a g n a r i c i i a n d
, , ,

t h e mos t g e n t l e Fi n n s mil de r t h a n a l l t h e i n h abi t a n t s O f

,

S can dz a L ik e t h e m a r e th e V i n o v ili t h a ls o Th e S u e t i di
. .

a r e o f t hi s s t ock a n d e xc e ll t h e r e s t i n s t a t ur e H ow e v e r .
,
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N AND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

ma y h e a r I n t h a t n e ighborhoo d t h e lowi n g o f c a tt l e a n d
may fi n d t r a c e s o f me n i f we a r e t o b e li e v e t h e s t ori e s
,

o f t r a v e ll e rs a l t hough we mus t gr a n t t h at t h e y h ea r t h e s e
,

t hi n gs f r o m a f a r
'

Thi s p a r t O f t h e Go t hs which is s a i d t o h a v e cross e d

,

t h e riv e r a n d e n t e r e d wi t h F i l i me r i n t o t h e coun t ry o f
O ium c a m e in t o p oss e ssio n o f t h e d e sir e d l a n d a n d t h e r e
, ,

t h e y soon c a m e u po n t h e r a c e o f t h e S pa li j oi n e d b a tt l e ,

wi t h t h e m a n d wo n t h e vict ory Th en c e t h e vic t o rs h a s t

.

e n e d t o t h e f a r t h e s t p a r t O f Scy t hi a which i s n e a r t h e s e a ,

o f Po n t us ; f o r so t h e s t ory is g e n e r a lly t ol d in t h e i r e a rly :

,
m
so n gs i n a l os t hi s t oric f a shio n Abl abi u s a ls o a f a .
,

mous chro n icl e r o f t h e Got hic r a c e con firms t his i n his ,

mos t t rus t wor t hy a ccou n t Som e o f t h e a n ci e n t wr i t e rs

.

a lso a gr e e wi t h t h e t a l e Amo n g t h e s e we may m ent ion

.

Jos e phus a mos t r e li a bl e r e l a t or o f a n n a ls who e v e ry

, ,

wh e r e follows t h e rul e o f t ru t h a n d u n r a v e ls from t h e

e n n h
b gi n i g t e origi o f t hi gs n n —bu t why h e h a s omi tt e d
t h e b e gi n n i n gs O f t h e r a c e o f t h e Go t hs O f which I h a v e ,

s pok e n I do n ot kn ow
,
H e b a r e ly m e n t i o n s M a g o g
.

o f t h a t s t ock a n d s ays t h e y w e r e S cy t hi a ns by r ace a n d

,

w e r e c a ll e d s o by n a m e .

B e for e we e n t e r o n o u r his t ory we mus t d e scribe th e ,

bou n d a ri e s o f t his l a n d a s i t li e s
,
.

S CY T H I A
V N ow Scyt hi a bor de rs o n t h e l a n d o f G e rm a n y a s
f a r a s t h e sourc e o f t h e riv e r I s t e r a n d t h e e x pan s e of th e
M o r s i a n Sw a m p I t r e a ch e s e v e n t o t h e riv e rs Tyr a
.
,

Da n a s t e r a n d V a g o s o l a a n d t h e gr e at D a n a pe r e x t e n d
i n g t o t h e T a urus r a n g e —mo t t h e mou n t a i n s i n A si a bu t
, ,

our own t h a t i s t h e S cy t hi a n T a urus—a l l t h e wa y t o

, ,

L a k e M a e ot i s B eyo n d L a k e M a e ot i s i t s pr e a d s o n t h e
.

o t h e r si de o f t h e s t r a i t s O f Bos phorus t o t h e C a uc a sus

Mou n t a i n s a n d t h e riv e r A r a x e s Th e n i t b e n d s b a ck t o .

t h e l e f t b e hi n d t h e C a s pi a n S e a which com e s from t h e ,

n or th e a s t e r n oc ea n i n t h e mos t d is t a n t pa r t s o f A si a a n d ,

so i s form e d lik e a mushroom a t firs t n a rro wa n d t h e n ,

 T H E G O T H I C H I ST O R Y

bro a d a n d roun d in sh ape I t e x t e n d s as f a r a s th e H un s

A lb a n i a n d S e r e s Thi s l a n d I s ay—na m e ly Scy t hi a
.
,

s t re t ching f a r an d S pr e a di n g wi de—h as o n th e e a s t t h e
.
, , ,

S e r e s a r a c e t h a t dw e l t a t t h e v e ry b egi n n i n g o f t h e i r
,

hist o ry on t h e shor e o f t h e C a s pi a n S ea O n t h e w e s t a r e .

t h e G e rm a n s a n d t h e riv e r Vi s t ul a ; o n t h e a rc t i c si de ,

n a m e ly t h e n or t h i t i s surrou n de d by O c e a n ; o n t h e sou t h
,

by P e rsis A lb a ni a H ibe r i a Po n t us a n d t h e f a r t h e s t
, , ,

ch a n n e l o f t h e I s t e r which i s c a ll e d th e D a n ub e a ll t h e
,

way from mou t h t o sou rc e B u t in t h a t r e gio n wh e r e .

Scy t hi a t ouch e s t h e P o n t ic c o a s t i t is d o t t e d wi t h t ow n s
o f n o m ea n f a m e —B o r ys t h e n i s O lbi a C a lli poli s Ch e r , , ,

s o n Th e o d osi a Ca r e o n M y r mi c i o n a n d Tr a pe zus
, , , Th e s e .

t owns t h e wil d Scy t hi a n t rib e s al low e d t h e Gr e e ks t o buil d

t o a ffor d t h e m m e a n s o f t r a de I n t h e mi d s t o f Scy t hi a i s
.

t h e pl a c e t h a t s epa r a t e s A si a a n d Europe I m e a n t h e ,

Rh i pa e i a n mou n t a i n s from which t h e migh t y Ta n a i s

,

flows This riv e r e n t e rs M a e ot i s a m a rsh h a vi n g a cir

.
,

cui t o f o n e hun d r e d an d four mil e s a n d n e v e r sub

si d i n g t o a de pt h o f l e ss t h a n e igh t cubi t s .

I n th e l a n d o f Scy t hi a t o t h e w e s t w a r d dw e ll s firs t o f ,

all, t h e r a c e o f t h e G e pi d a e surrou n d e d by gr e a t a n d ,

f a mous riv e rs F o r t h e Ti si a flows t hrough i t o n t h e

.

n or t h a n d n o rt hw e s t a n d o n t h e sou t hw e s t i s t h e gr e a t
,

D a n ub e On t h e e a s t i t is cu t by t h e Fl u ta u s i s a swi f t ly
.
,

e d dyi n g s t r e a m t h a t sw e ep s w h irl i n g i n t o t h e I s t e r s
’

w a t ers Wi t hi n t h e s e riv e rs li e s D a ci a e n circl e d by t h e

.
,

lo f ty A l ps a s by a c row n N ea r t h e ir l e f t ridge which .

,

inclin e s t ow a r d t h e n or t h an d b e gin n i n g a t t h e sourc e o f

,

t h e Vis t ul a t h e po pulous r a c e o f t h e V en e t h i dw e ll o ccu

, ,

py g i n a gr e a t e x pa ns e O f l a n d Though t h e i r n a m e s a r e.

n o w d is pe rs e d a mi d v a rious cl an s a n d pl a c e s y e t t h e y a r e ,

chi e fly c a ll e d S cl a v e n i a n d A n t e s Th e a bo de o f th e .

S cl a v e n i e x t e n d s f rom t h e ci t y O f Nov i o du n u m a n d t h e
l a k e c a ll e d M u r s i a n u s to th e Da n a s t e r a n d nor thw a r d a s ,

f a r a s t h e Vi s t ul a Th ey h a v e sw a m p s a n d fore s t s f or
.
~
 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

the i r ci t i e s Th e A n t e s who a r e t h e br a v e s t O f t h e s e
.
,

p e o pl e s d w e lli n g i n t h e curv e o f t h e s e a O f Po n t us s p r e a d ,

from t h e D a n a s t e r t o th e Da n a pe r riv e rs t h a t a r e m a n y ,

d a ys j our n e y a p a r t B u t o n t h e shor e o f O c e a n wh e r e
’
.
,

t h e floo d s o f t h e riv e r Vi s t ul a e m pt y from t hr e e mou t hs ,

t h e V i d i v a r i i dw e ll a pe op l e g a t h e r e d o u t o f v a rious
,

t rib e s . B eyo n d t h e m t h e A e s t i a subj e c t r a c e lik e wis e

, ,

hol d t h e shor e o f O c e a n To t h e sou t h dw e ll t h e A ca t z i r i

.

a v e ry br a v e t rib e ig n or a n t o f a gricul t ur e
.
wh o subsis t ,

o n t h e i r flocks a n d by hun t i n g F a r t h e r a w ay a n d a bov e

.

t h e S ea o f Pon t us a r e t h e a bod e s O f t h e Bulga r e s w e ll ,

know n f rom th e d is a s t e rs o u r n egl e c t h a s brough t

u po n us From t hi s r e gio n th e H u n s lik e a f rui t ful
.
,

roo t o f b r a v e s t r a c e s s p rou t e d i n t o t wo hor de s o f p e o pl e

, .

Som e o f t h e s e a r e c a ll e d A l t z i a g i ri o t h e rs S a biri ; a n d ,

t h e y h a v e d i ff e r e n t dw e lli n g pl a c e s Th e A l t z i a g i r i a r e
.

n e a r Ch e rso n wh e r e t h e a v a rici ous t r a de rs bri n g i n t h e

,

goods o f Asi a I n summ e r t h e y r a n g e th e pl a i n s t h e i r

.
,

bro a d d om a i n s wh e r e v e r t h e pa s t ur a ge f o r t h e i r c a t tl e
,

i n vi t e s t h e m a n d b e t ak e t h e ms e lv e s i n wi n t e r b e yo n d t h e
,

s ea O f Po n t us No w t h e H u n u g u r i a r e k n own t o us from
.

t h e f a c t t h a t t h e y t r a de i n m a r t e n ski n s B ut t h e y h a v e .

b e en cow e d by t h e i r bol de r n e ighbors .

W e r e a d t h a t i n t h e i r firs t a bo de t h e Go t hs dw e l t ‘

i n t h e l a n d o f Scy t hi a n e a r L a k e M a e o t i s ; i n t h e i r
s e con d i n Mo e si a Thr a c e a n d D a ci a a n d i n t h e i r
, ,

thir d t h e y d w e l t a g a in in Scy t hi a a b o v e t h e s e a o f ,

Po n t us . N or d o we fi n d a n ywh e r e i n t h e i r wr i t t e n
r e cords l e g e n d s which t e ll o f t h e i r subj e c t io n t o
sl a v e ry i n B ri t a i n o r in som e o t h e r isl a n d o r o f t h e i r ,

r e de m pt ion by a c e r t a in ma n a t t h e cos t O f a singl e hors e .

O f c ours e i f a n yon e i n o u r ci ty s a ys t h at t h e Go ths h a d a n

origi n d i ff e r e n t f rom t h a t I h a v e r e l a t e d l e t him Obj e c t , .

F o r mys e l f I p r e f e r t o b e li e v e wh a t I h a v e r e a d r a t h e r
, ,

’
t h a n pu t t rus t i n old wiv e s t a l e s .
 T H E G OT H I C H IST O RY

To r e t urn t h e n t o my subj e c t Th e a for e s a i d r a c e o f

, , .

which I s pe a k is k n ow n to h a v e h a d F i lime r a s king whil e

t h e y r e m a i n e d i n t h e i r firs t hom e i n S cy t hi a n e a r M a e o t i s .

I n t h e i r s e co n d hom e t h a t i s i n t h e coun t ri e s o f D a ci a
, , ,

Thr a c e a n d Mo e si a Z a l mo x e s r e ig n e d whom m a ny wri t

, ,

e r s o f a n n a ls m e n t io n a s a ma n o f r e m a rk a bl e l e a r n i n g in

philos ophy Y e t e v e n b e for e t his t h e y h a d a l e a r n e d ma n

.

Z e u t a a n d a f t e r him D i ci n eu s ; a n d th e t hi r d wa s Z a l
,

mox e s o f whom I h a v e m a de m e n t io n a bov e N or d id .

t h e y l a ck t e a ch e rs o f wisd o m Wh e r e for e t h e Go t hs h a v e
.

e v e r b e e n wis e r t h a n o t h e r b a rb a ri a n s a n d w e r e n e a rly

l ik e t h e Gr e e ks a s D i o r e l a t e s who wro t e t h e i r his t ory

, ,

a n d a n n a ls wi t h a Gr e e k p e n H e s a ys t h a t t hos e o f n obl e
.

bi r t h a mo n g t h e m f rom whom t h e i r ki n gs a n d p ri e s t s
,

w e r e a ppoi n t e d w e r e c a ll e d firs t Ta r abo s t e s e i a n d t h e n

,

P i ll e a t i More ov e r so highly w e r e th e G e t ae p r a is e d t h a t
.

M a rs whom t h e f a bl e s o f po e t s c a ll t h e g o d o f wa r wa s r e
, ,

pu te d t o h a v e b e e n born a mo n g t h e m H en c e V e rgil s ays : .

“
F a t h e r Gr a d i v u s rul e s th e G e t ic fi e l ds .
”

NOW M a rs h a s lw ays b e e n w orshi ppe d by t h e Go ths

a

wi t h cru e l ri te s a n d c a pt iv e s w e r e sl a i n a s his vic t ims

,
.

Th ey t hought t h a t h e who i s l ord o f wa r ough t t o be

a pp e a s e d by t h e sh e ddi n g o f hum a n bloo d TO him t h e y .

de vo t e d th e fi rs t sh a r e of t h e s poil a n d i n his ho n o r a rms ,

s t ri ppe d from t h e f o e w e r e suspe n d e d from t r e e s An d .

t h e y h a d mor e t h a n a ll o t h e r r a c e s a de e p s p iri t o f r e lig

i o n si n c e th e worshi p O f t his god s e e m e d t o be r e a lly
,

b e s t ow e d u po n t h e ir a n c e s t or .

I n t h e ir t hi rd dw e lli n g pl a c e which wa s a bov e t h e S e a ,

o f Po n t us t h e y h a d n o w b e com e mor e civiliz e d a n d a s I

, ,

h a v e s a id b e fore w e r e mor e l ea r n e d Th e n t h e p e o pl e
,
.

w e r e d ivid e d und e r ruli n g f a mil i e s Th e Visigo t hs S e rv e d .

t h e f a mily o f t h e B a l t hi a n d t h e O s t rogo t hs s e rv e d t h e
r e now n e d A m a l i Th e y w e r e t h e firs t r a c e o f me n t o
.

s t ring t h e bow wi t h cords a s L uc an who is mor e o f a , ,

hi s t ori a n t h an a po e t , a ffirms :
 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E GO T H S

Th ey s t ri n g A rm e n i a n bows wi t h G e t ic cor d s .

In rli e s t t im e s th e y s a n g O f th e d e e d s O f t h e i r a n ce s
ea

t ors i n s t r a i n s o f s o n g a ccom pa ni e d by t h e ci t h a r a ; ch a n t

i n g o f E t e r p ama ra H a n a l a F r it ig e r n V i dig o i a a n d
, , ,

o t h e rs whos e f a m e a mo n g t h e m i s gr e a t ; such h e ro e s a s
a d miri n g a n t i q ui t y sc a rc e p rocl a ims i t s o wn t o be Th e n .
,

a s t h e s t o ry go e s V e s o s i s w a ge d a wa r d i s a s t rous t o
,

hims e l f a ga i ns t t h e Scy t hi a n s whom a nci e n t t r a d i t io n

,

a ss e r t s t o h a v e be e n t h e husb a n d s o f t h e A m a zo n s Co n .

c e rn i n g t h e s e f e m a l e w a rriors O rosius s pe aks i n co n v i n c

i n g l a n gu a g e Thus we ca n cl e a rly p rov e t h a t V e s o s i s
.
-

t h e n fough t wi t h th e Got h s si n c e we know sur e ly t h a t h e

,

w a ge d wa r w i t h th e husb a n d s o f t h e A m a zons T h e y .

d w e l t a t t h a t t im e a lo n g a b e n d o f L a k e M a e o t i s from ,

t h e riv e r B o ry s t h e n e s whi ch t h e n a t iv e s c a ll t h e D an a p e r
, ,

TH E RI VER DON t o t h e s t r e a m o f t h e Ta n a i s By th e Ta n a i s I m e a n t h e
.

riv e r whi ch flows d ow n from t h e Rh ipa e i a n mo u n t a l n s

a n d rush e s wi t h so swi f t a curr en t t h a t wh e n t h e n e igh

bori n g s t r e a ms Or L ak e M a e o t i s a n d t h e Bos phorus a r e

froz e n f a s t i t i s t h e o n ly riv e r t h a t is k e pt w a rm by t h e
,

rugge d mou n t a i n s a n d i s n e v e r s oli d ifi e d by t h e Scy t hi an

col d I t is a lso f a mous a s th e b o u n da ry O f A si a an d
.

Europe F o r t h e o t h e r Ta n a i s is t h e o n e which ris e s i n

.

t h e mou n t a i n s o f t h e Ch r i n n i a n d fl o ws i nt o t h e C a s p i a n
TH E D N IEP ER S ea . Th e D an a p e r b egi n s I n a gr e a t m a rsh a n d i ssu e s
f rom i t a s from i t s mo t h e r I t is sw e e t a n d fi t t o d ri n k
.
,

a s f a r as h a l f wa y d ow n i t s cours e
-
I t a lso p r o duc e s fish
.

o f a fi n e fl a vor a n d w it hou t bo n e s h a vi n g o n ly c a rt il a g e
,

a s t h e fr a m e work O f t h e i r bod i e s
-
B ut a s i t a pp ro a ch e s
.

t h e Po n t us i t r e c e iv e s a li t t l e s t r e a m c a ll e d E x a mpa e u s -
,

S O v e ry bi tt e r t h a t a l t hough t h e riv e r i s n a viga bl e f o r t h e

’
l e n gt h O f a fo r ty da ys v oy ag e i t i s S O a l t e r e d by t h e ,

w a t e r O f t hi s sc a n t y st r ea m a s t o be com e t a i n t e d a n d
u n lik e i t s e l f a n d flows t hus t a i n t e d i n t o th e s e a b et w e e n
,

th e Gr e e k t ow n s O f Ca l l i p i da e a n d H y pa n is At i t s mou t h .

t h e r e i s a n i sl a n d n a m e d A chill e s B e t w e en t h e s e t wo .
 T H E G OT H I C H I ST O R Y

riv e rs i s a v a s t l a n d fill e d wi t h for e s t s an d t r e a ch e rous

sw amp s .

VI Thi s wa s th e r egio n wh e r e t h e Go t hs dw e l t wh e n
V e s os i s ki n g o f t h e Egy pt i a n s m a de wa r u po n t h e m
, , .

Th e i r king a t t h a t t im e wa s Ta n aus i s I n a b a tt l e a t t h e
.

riv e r P h a si s ( wh en c e com e t h e bi r d s c al l e d ph e a s a n t s ,

which a r e fou n d i n a bun da n c e a t t h e b an q u e t s o f t h e gr e a t

a ll o v e r t h e worl d ) Ta n a us i s , ki n g o f t h e Go t hs met ,

V es o s i s ki n g o f t h e E gy pt i a n s a n d t h e r e i n flict e d a
, ,

s ev e r e d e f e at up on him pursui n g him e v en t o E gy pt

,
.

H a d h e n o t b e e n r e s t r a i n e d by t h e w at e rs o f t h e i mpa s s
a bl e N il e a n d t h e for t i fic a t io n s which V e s o s i s h a d lo n g

a g o or d e r e d t o be m a d e a g a i n s t t h e r a i d s o f t h e E t h i o

i a ns h woul d h a v sl a i him i n h i s o wn l a n d But

p , e e n .

fi n d i n g h e h a d n o pow e r t o i n j ur e him t h e r e h e r e t ur n e d ,

a n d co n q u e r e d a lmos t a l l A si a a n d m a d e i t subj e c t a n d

t ribu t a ry t o S o r n u s ki n g o f t h e M e de s who wa s t h e n hi s
, ,

dea r fri e n d
'

At t h a t t im e som e o f his vic t ori o us a rmy

.
,

s e e i n g t h at t h e sub d u e d p rovi n c e s w e r e ri ch a n d frui t

f u l d e s e r t e d t h e i r com pa n i e s a n d o f t h e i r o wn a ccor d
,

r e m a i n e d i n v a rious pa r t s of A si a .

From t h e ir n a m e o r r a c e P o mpe i u s Tr og u s s ays t h e

s t ock o f t h e P a r t hi a n s h a d it s origi n H e n c e e v e n t o da y
.
-

in t h e Scy t hi a n t o n gu e t h ey a r e c a ll e d P a r thi t h at i s , ,

D e s e r t e rs A n d i n co n s e q u e n c e o f t h e i r de sc en t t h e y a r e
.

a rch e rs — a lmos t a lo n e a mo n g a ll t h e n a t io n s o f A si a

a n d a r e v e ry v al i a n t w a rriors .No w i n r e ga rd t o t h e
n a m e t hough I h a v e s a i d t h e y w e r e c a ll e d P a r t h i b e c a us e
,

t h e y w e r e de s e r t e rs som e h a v e t r a c e d t h e de riv a t io n o f
,

t h e wor d o t h e rwis e s a yi n g t h a t t h e y w e r e c a ll e d P a r th i
,

b e c a us e t h e y fl e d from t h e i r ki n sm e n N ow wh e n t hi s
.

Ta n a u s i s ki n g o f t h e Go t hs wa s de a d h i s pe o pl e wor
, , ,

shi ppe d him a s o n e o f t h e ir go d s .

VI I A f t e r his de a t h whil e t h e a rmy u n de r his suc

,

ce s s o r s wa s e n g a g e d in a n e x p e d i t io n i n o t h e r p a r t s a ,

n e ighbori n g t rib e a t te m pt e d t o c a rry o ff wom e n o f t h e

 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

Go t hs a s boo ty B u t t h ey m a de a br a v e r e sis t a nc e a s
.
,

t h e y h a d b e e n t a ugh t t o d o by t h e ir husb a n d s a n d rou t e d ,

i n d is gr a c e t h e e n e my who h a d c o m e u po n t h e m Wh e n .

t h ey h a d wo n t his vic t ory t h ey w e r e i n s p ir e d wi t h gr e a t e r

,

da ri n g Mu t u a lly e n cour a gi n g e a ch ot h e r t h e y t ook u p “

.
,

a rms a n d chos e t wo o f t h e bol d e r La mpe t o a n d M a r p es i a , ,

t o a ct a s t h e i r l e a de rs Whil e t h e y w e r e i n c o mm an d
.
,

t h ey c a s t l o t s bo t h f o r t h e d e f e n se of t h e i r o wn coun t ry

a n d t h e d e v a s t a t ion o f o t h e r l a n d s So La mpe t o r e m a i n e d .

t o gu a r d t h e ir n a t iv e l a n d a n d M a r pe s i a t ook a com pa n y
o f wom e n an d l e d t his n ov e l a rmy i n t o A si a A f t e r co n .

q u e ri n g v a ri ous t rib e s i n wa r a n d maki n g o t h e rs t h e ir

a lli e s by t r e a t i e s s h e c a m e t o t h e C a uc a sus
, Th e r e s h e .

r e m a i n e d for som e t im e a n d g a v e t h e pl a c e th e n a m e Rock

o f M a r pes i a o f which a ls o V e rgil m a k e s m en t io n
, ,

L ik e to ha r d fl i n t or th e M a r pe s i a n Cli ff .

It wa s h e r e A l e x a n de r t h e Gr e a t a f t e rw a r d s buil t g a t e s
a n d n a m e d t h e m t h e C a s p i a n G a t e s which n o w t h e t rib e ,

o f t h e L a zi gu a r d a s a Rom a n ou t po s t H e re th en .
, ,

t h e A m a zo n s r e m a i n e d f o r som e t im e a n d w e r e much
s t r e n gt h e n e d Th e n t h e y d epa r t e d a n d cross e d th e riv e r
.

H aly s which flows n e a r th e ci t y o f G a n gr a a n d wi t h

, ,

e q u a l succ e ss sub d u e d A rm e n i a Sy ri a Cilici a G a l a t i a

, , , ,

Pisi di a a n d a l l t h e pl a c e s o f A si a Th e n t h e y t u rn e d t o .

Io n i a a n d A e oli a a n d m a d e p rovi n c e s o f t h e m a f t e r t h e ir
,

surr e n de r H e r e t h ey rul e d f o r s o m e t im e a n d e v en
.

fou n d e d ci t i e s a n d c amps b e a ri n g t h e i r n a m e At E ph e sus .

a ls o t h e y buil t a v e ry cos t ly a n d be a u t i ful t e m p l e for

D i a n a b e c a us e o f h e r d e ligh t i n a rch e ry a n d t h e ch a s e
,

a r t s t o which t h e y w e r e t h e ms e lv e s d e vo t e d Th e n t h e s e .

S cy t hi an born wom e n who h a d by such a ch a n c e ga i n e d

-
,

co n t rol ov e r t h e ki n gdoms o f A si a h e ld t h e m f o r a lmos t ,

a hun d r e d y e a rs a n d a t l a s t c ame b a ck t o t h e i r o wn ki n s
,

folk in t h e M a r pe s i an rocks I h a v e m e n t io n e d a b ov e ,

n a m e ly t h e C a uc a sus mou n t a ins .

 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

c a sus a n d R h ipa eu s a n d a t i t s e n d c a lls i t T a urus M a n y

,
.

o t h e r t rib e s h a v e giv e n n a m e s t o t h e r a n g e No w t h a t we .

h a v e de vo t e d a f e w wor d s t o d e scribing i t s e x te n t l e t us ,

re t urn t o t h e subj e c t o f t h e A m a zo n s from which we h a v e '

d igr e ss e d .

VII I F e a ring t h e ir r a c e woul d f a il t h e y sough t ma r ,

r i a g e wi t h n e ighbori n g t rib e s Th e y a ppoi n t e d a d ay for .

m e e t i n g o n c e i n e v e ry y e a r so t h a t wh e n t h e y s houl d ,

r e t ur n t o t h e s a m e pl a c e o n t h a t d ay i n t h e followi n g y e a r
e a ch mo t h e r migh t giv e ov e r t o t h e f a t h e r wh a t e v e r m a l e

chil d s h e h a d born e bu t shoul d h e rs e l f k e ep a n d t r a in f o r

,

w a r f a r e wh a t e v e r chil dr e n o f t h e f e m a l e s ex w e re bor n .

O r e ls e a s som e m a i n t a i n t h ey e x pos e d t h e m a l e s de
, , ,

s t royi n g t h e l i f e o f t h e ill f a t e d chil d wi th a h a t e l ik e -

t h a t o f a s t e pmo t h e r A mo n g t h e m chil db e a ri n g wa s
.
-

de t e s t e d t hough e v e rywh e r e e ls e i t is d e sir e d

,
Th e t e rror .

o f t h e i r cru e l t y wa s i n cr e a s e d by commo n rumor ; f o r

wh a t h Ope pr a y woul d t h e r e be f o r a c a pt iv e wh e n i t
, , ,

wa s co n si de r e d wrong t o s pa r e e v e n a s on ? H e rcul e s ,

t h e y s ay fough t a g a i n s t t h e m a n d ov e rc a m e M e n a l ippe ,

yet m or e by guil e t h a n by v a l o r Th e s e us mo re ov e r t o ok .
, ,

H i pp olyt e c a pt iv e a n d o f h e r h e b e ga t H i pp o lyt u s An d
,
-
.

i n l a t e r t im e s t h e A m a zo n s h a d a q u e e n n am e d P e n t h e
sil ea f a m e d i n t h e t a l e s o f t h e Troj a n wa r Th e s e wom e n
,
.

a r e s a i d t o h a v e k e pt t h e i r p ow e r e v e n t o t h e t im e o f

A l e x a n de r t h e Gr e a t .

I X B u t s ay n o t Why d o e s a s t ory which de a l s wi t h

\

t h e me n o f t h e Go t hs h a v e so much t o s a y o f t h e ir wo
me n ?
”
H ea r t h e n t h e t a l e o f t h e f a mous a n d glorious
, ,

v a lor o f t h e me n N ow D io t h e his t ori a n a n d dilig en t

.
,

i n v e s t iga t or o f a n ci en t t im e s who ga v e t o his w o rk th e ,

“
t i tl e G e t ic a ( a n d t h e G e t a e we h a v e p rov e d i n a pr e
”

v i o u s pa ss a g e t o be Go t hs o n t h e t e s t imo n y o f O rosius
,

P a ulus ) —t his D io I s ay m ak e s m e n t io n o f a l a t e r ki n g
, ,

o f t h e i rs n ame d Te l e f u s Let n o on e s a y t h a t t hi s n a m e
.

i s q ui t e for e ig n to t h e Go t hi c t o n gu e a n d l e t n o o n e who ,
'

i s ig n or a n t c a vil a t t h e f a c t t h a t t h e t rib e s o f me n m ak e
 T H E G OT H I C H IST O R Y

us e o f m a n y n a m e s e v e n a s t h e Rom a ns borrow from t h e

,

M a c e d o n i a ns t h e Gr e e ks from t h e Rom a n s t h e S a rm a
, ,

t i a n s f rom t h e G e rm a n s a n d t h e Got hs f r e q u e n t ly fr o m
,

th e H u n s Thi s Te l e f u s t h e n a s o n o f H e rcul e s by
.
, ,

A ug e a n d th e husb a n d o f a s is t e r o f Pri am wa s o f
, , _

t ow e ri n g s t a t ur e a n d t e rribl e s t r e ng t h H e m a t ch e d hi s .

f a t h e r s v a lor by vi r t u e s o f his own a n d a lso r e c a ll e d t h e

’

t r a i t s o f H e rcul e s by his lik e n e ss i n a ppea r a n c e O ur .

a n c e s t ors c a ll e d his ki n gdom Mo e si a Thi s provi n c e h a s .

o n t h e e a s t t h e mou t hs o f t h e D a n ub e o n t h e sou t h ,

M a c e do n i a o n t h e w e s t H is t ri a a n d o n t h e n or t h t h e
,

D a n ub e No w t his ki n g we h a v e m e n t io n e d c a rri e d o n
.

w a rs wi t h t h e Gre e ks a n d i n t h e i r cours e h e sl e w i n b a t t l e
,

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,
B u t whil e h e wa s mak .

i n g a hos t il e a t t a ck u pon A j a x a n d wa s p ursui n g U lyss e s ,

his hors e b e c a m e e n t a n gl e d i n s o m e vin e s an d f e ll H e .

hims e l f wa s t hrow n a n d wou n de d i n t h e t high by a j a v e li n

o f A chi ll e s so t h at for a lo n g t im e h e coul d n o t be h e a l e d
,
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l a n d No w wh e n Te l e f u s d i e d his s on Eury pylus suc

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c e e de d t o t h e t hro n e b e i n g a s o n of t h e sis t e r of Pri a m

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ki n g o f th e Phrygi a n s F o r lov e o f C a ss a n dr a h e sough t

.

t o t a k e pa r t i n t h e Troj a n wa r t h a t h e migh t com e t o t h e ,

h e l p o f h e r pa r e n t s a n d hi s o wn f a t h e r i n l a w; bu t soo n - -

a f t e r his a rriv a l h e wa s kill e d .

X Th e n Cyrus ki n g o f t h e P e rsi a ns a f t e r a lo n g
, ,

i n t e rv a l o f a lmos t e x a c t ly s ix hu n d r e d a n d t hir t y y e a rs
( a s P o mpei u s Tr og u s r e l a t e s ) w a g e d a n u n succ e ss ful ,

wa r a g a i n s t Tomy ris q u e e n o f t h e G et a e El a t e d by hi s
, .

vic t ori e s i n A si a h e s t rov e t o co n q u e r t h e G e ta e whos e

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q u e e n a s I h a v e s a id
, was Tomyris Though s h e coul d
, .

h av e s t o ppe d t h e app ro a ch o f Cyrus a t th e riv e r A r a x e s ,

y e t s h e pe rmi t t e d him t o cross p r e f e rri n g t o ov e rcom e ,

him in b a t t l e r a th e r t h a n t o t hw a rt him by a dv a nt a g e o f
p osi t io n An d so s h e d i d A s C yrus a pp ro a ch e d for t u n e
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,

a t firs t so f a vor e d t h e P a r t hi a ns t h a t t h e y sl e w t h e son

68 J ORDA N Es : ORI GI N A N D D EED S OF T H E GO T H S

of Tomyri s a n d mos t o f th e a rmy B u t wh e n t h e b a t t l e .

wa s r e n e we d t h e G e t a e a n d t h e ir q u e en d e f e a t e d co n
, ,

q u e r e d a n d ov e r w h e lm e d t h e P a r t hi a ns a n d t o o k rich

p lu n d e r from t h e m Th e r.e f o r t h e firs t t im e t h e r a c e o f

t h e Go t hs s a w silk e n t e n t s A f t e r a chi e vi n g t his vic t ory

.

a n d wi n n i n g s o much boo t y f rom h e r e n e mi e s Q u een

—
,

Tomyri s cross e d o v e r i n t o t h a t p a r t o f Mo e si a which is

n o w c a ll e d L e ss e r Scy t hi a a n a m e borrow e d from gr e a t

Scy hi t a — a n d buil t o n t h e M o e s i a n sh o r e o f Po n t us t h e

ci ty o f Tomi n a m e d a f t e r h e rs e l f
, .

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, ,

s a m e t im e m a ki n g t hr e a t s i n c a s e t h ey di d n o t fulfil his
wish Th e Go t hs s purn e d t his a ll i a n c e a n d brough t hi s
.

e mb a ssy t o n a ugh t I n fl ame d w i t h a n g e r b e c a us e his

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o ff e r h a d b e en r e j e ct e d h e l e d a n a rmy o f s e v e n hu n d r e d
,

t hous a n d a rm e d me n a g a i n s t t h e m a n d s o ugh t t o a v e n g e

hi s wou n de d f e e li n gs by i n fl ict i n g a p ubl ic i n j ury Cross .

i n g o n bo a t s cov e r e d wi t h b o a r d s a n d j oi n e d lik e a bri dg e

a lmos t t h e whol e wa f rom C h a lc e d o n t o Byz a t i m he
y n u ,

s t a r t e d for Thr a c e a n d M o e si a L a t e r h e buil t a bri dg e .

ov e r th e D a n ub e in lik e m a n n e r bu t h e wa s w ea ri e d by ,

t wo bri e f mo n t hs o f e ff o r t a n d los t e igh t t h o us a n d a rm e d

me n a t T a pa e Th en f e a ri n g t h e bri dg e ov e r t h e D a n ub e
.
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w o ul d be s e iz e d by his fo e s h e m a rch e d ba ck t o Thr a c e , l

i n swi f t r e t r e a t be l i e v i n g t h e l a n d o f M o e si a w o ul d n o t
/

be s a f e f o r e v e n a shor t s oj ou rn t h e r e .

A f t e r hi s d e a t h his s o n X e rx e s pl a n n e d t o a v e n g e his
,
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f a t h e r s w ro n gs a n d s o proc e e de d t o u n de r t a k e a wa r
’

a g a i n s t t h e Got hs wi t h s e v e n hu n d r e d t hous a n d o f hi s

o wn me n a n d t hr e e hu n d r e d t hous a n d a rm e d a uxili a ri e s ,

t w e lv e hu n d r e d shi p s o f wa r a n d t hr e e t hous a n d t r a n s

p or t s . B u t h e d i d n o t v e n t ur e t o t r y t h e m i n b a t t l e b e i n g ,

ov e r a w e d by t h e i r u n yi e l di n g cour a g e S o h e r e t ur n e d .

wi t h his forc e j us t a s h e h a d com e a n d wi t hou t figh t i n g ,

a si n gl e b a tt l e .
 T H E G OT H I C H I ST O R Y

Th e n Phili p t h e f a t h e r o f A l e x a nd e r t h e Gr e a t m a de
, ,

a lli a n c e wi t h t h e Go t hs a n d t ook t o wi f e M e d o pa th e ,

d a ugh t e r o f Ki n g Gu di l a s o t h a t h e migh t r e n d e r t h e
,

ki n gdom o f M a c e don mor e s e cur e by t h e h e l p o f t hi s

'

m a rri a ge I t wa s a t t hi s t im e a s t h e his t ori a n D i o r e

.
,

l at e s t h at Phili p suff e ring from n e e d o f mon ey de t e r

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mi n e d t o l e a d o u t his f orc e s a n d s a ck O de ssus a ci t y o f ,

Moe si a which wa s t h e n subj e c t t o th e Go t h s by r ea son o f

,

t h e n e ighboring ci ty o f T omi Th e r e u pon t hos e pri e s t s

.

o f t h e Go t hs t h a t a r e c a ll e d t h e H oly M en sud den ly

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o pe n e d th e g a t e s o f O de ssus a n d c a m e for t h t o m ee t t h e m .

Th ey bor e h a r p s a n d w e r e cl a d i n s n owy robe s a n d ,

ch a n t e d i n suppli a n t s t r a i n s t o t h e go ds o f t h e i r f a t h e rs
t h a t t h e y migh t be p ro pi t ious a n d r e pe l t h e M a c e do n i a ns .

Wh e n t h e M a c e do n i a n s s a w t h e m comi n g wi t h such con

fi de n ce t o m ee t t h e m t h e y w e r e a s t oni sh e d a n d so t o
, ,

spe a k t h e a rm e d w e r e t e rrifi e d by t h e un a rm e d St ra igh t

,
.

way t h e y brok e t h e l i n e t h ey h a d form e d for b a tt l e a n d

n o t o n ly r e fr a i n e d f rom d e s t r o yi n g t h e ci t y bu t e v e n ,

g a v e b a ck t hos e whom t h ey h a d c a pt ur e d ou t si de by righ t

o f wa r Th e n t h ey m a de a t ruc e a n d r e t urn e d t o t h e i r
.

o wn cou n t ry .

A f t e r a l o n g t im e S i t a l ce s a f a mous l ea d e r o f t h e
,

Go t hs r em e mb e ri n g t his t r e a ch e rous a t t e m pt ga t h e r e d a
, ,

hu n d r e d a n d fi f t y t hous a n d me n a n d m a de wa r u po n t h e
A t h e n i a ns figh t i n g a g a i n s t P e r di cca s Ki n g o f M a c e d o n
, ,
.

This P e r di cca s h a d b e e n l e f t by Al ex a n de r a s hi s succ e s

s o r t o rul e A t h e n s by h e r e d i t a ry righ t wh e n h e d r a n k his ,

d e s t ruc t i on a t B a bylo n through th e t r ea ch e ry o f a n at

t e n d an t Th e Go t hs e n g a g e d in a gr e a t b a t t l e wi t h him
.

a n d p rov e d t h e ms e lv e s t o be t h e s t ro n g e r Thus i n r e t ur n .

f o r t h e wro n g which t h e M a c e d o n i a n s h a d lo n g b e for e

commi t t e d in Mo e si a t h e Go t hs ov e rr a n Gr e e c e a n d l a i d
,

w a s t e t h e whol e o f M a c e d o n i a .

X I Th e n wh e n B u r u i s t a wa s ki n g o f t h e Go t hs ,

Di ci n e u s c am e t o Go t h i a a t t h e t im e wh e n Sull a rul ed t h e
7O J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

Rom a ns B u ru is t a r e c e iv e d D i c i n e u s a n d g a v e him a l
.

m o s t roy a l p ow e r I t wa s by his a dvic e t h e Go t hs r a v a g e d

.

t h e l a n d s o f t h e G e rm a n s which t h e Fr a n ks n ow p oss e ss
,
.

Th e n c a m e C a e s a r t h e firs t o f a ll t h e Rom a ns t o a ssum e

,

im pe ri a l pow e r a n d t o sub du e a lmos t t h e whol e worl d ,

who co n q u e r e d a ll ki n gdoms a n d e v e n s e iz e d isl a n d s lyi n g

b eyon d o u r world r eposi n g i n t h e bosom o f O c e a n H e
,
.

m a de t ribu t a ry t o t h e Rom a ns t hos e t h a t kn e w n o t t h e

Rom a n n a m e e v e n by h e a rs a y an d yet wa s un a bl e t o pr e ,

v a il a ga ins t t h e Go t hs de s pi t e his fr e q u en t a t t e m pt s
,
.

S oon G a ius Tib e rius r e ign e d a s t hird e mpe ror o f t h e

Rom a n s a n d yet t h e Go t hs co n t i n u e d i n t h e ir ki n g d om
,

u n h a rm e d Th e i r s a f e ty t h e i r a dv a n t a g e t h e ir o n e ho pe
.
, ,

l a y i n t his t h a t wh a t e v e r t h e i r cou n s e llo r D i c i n e u s a d

,

vis e d shoul d by a l l m e an s be d o n e ; a n d t h e y j u dge d i t

e x p e d i e n t t h a t t h ey shoul d l a bor f o r i t s a ccom plishm e n t .

A nd wh e n h e s a w t h a t t h e i r mi n ds w e r e ob e di en t t o him
i n a ll t hi n gs a n d t h a t t h e y h a d n a t ur a l a bili ty h e t a ugh t ,

t h e m a lmos t t h e whol e o f p hiloso phy f o r h e wa s a skill e d ,

m a s t e r o f t his subj e ct Thus by t e a chi n g t h e m e t hics h e

.

r e s t r a i n e d t h e i r b a rb a rous cus t oms ; by im pa r t i n g a k n owl

e d g e o f physics h e m a d e t h e m liv e n a t ur a lly u n d e r l a ws

o f t h e i r own which t h e y p oss e s s i n wri t t e n form t o t his

,

d ay a n d c a ll be l a g m es H e t a ugh t t h em Iogic a n d m a d e
.

t h e m skill e d i n r e a so n i n g b e yo n d al l ot h e r r a c e s ; h e
show e d t h em r a ct i ca l k n owl e dg e a n d so pe rsu ad e d t h e m
t o a bou n d i n goo d works By de mo n s t r at i ng t h e or et ic a l
.

k n owl e dg e h e urg e d t h e m t o con t e m pl a t e th e cours e s o f

t h e t w e lv e signs a n d o f t h e pl a n e t s p a ssi n g t hrough t h e m ,

a n d t h e whol e o f a s t ro n omy H e t ol d t h e m how t h e d isc

.

o f t h e moo n g a i n s i n cr e a s e o r s u ff e rs loss a n d show e d ,

t h e m how much t h e fi e ry glob e o f t h e s u n e xc e e d s i n siz e

o u r e a r t hly pl a n et H e e x pl a i n e d t h e n a m e s o f t h e t hr e e
.

hundr e d a n d fort y six s ta rs an d t ol d t hrough wh a t sign s

-

i n t h e a rching v a ul t o f t h e h e a v e n s t h e y gli de swi f t ly from

t h e i r ri si n g t o t h e i r s e t t i n g Thi n k I p r a y you wh a t
.
, ,
 T H E G O T H I C H I ST O R Y

l a sur e i t w a s f o r t h e s e br a v e me n wh e n f o r a li t t l e
p e ,

sp a c e t h e y h a d l e isur e from w a r f a r e t o be i n s t ruct e d i n

,

t h e t ea chi n gs o f ph iIOS Oph y ! Y o u migh t h a v e s ee n o n e

sc a n n i n g t h e p osit io n o f t h e h ea v e n s a n d a n o t h e r i n v e s t i
g a t i n g t h e n at ur e o f pl an t s a n d bush e s H e r e s t oo d o n e .

who s t u d i e d t h e w a xi n g a n d w a n i n g o f t h e moo n whil e ,

s t ill a n o t h e r r e g a rd e d t h e l a bors o f t h e sun a n d obs e rv e d

how t h o s e b o d i e s which we r e h a s t e n i n g t o go t o w a r d t h e
e a s t a r e whi rl e d a rou n d a n d bor n e b a ck t o t h e w e s t by

t h e ro t a t io n o f t h e h e a v e n s Wh e n t h e y h a d l ea rn e d t h e
.

r e a so n t h e y w e r e a t r e s t Th e s e a n d v a rious o t h e r ma t
,
.

t e rs D i ci n e u s t a ugh t t h e Go t hs i n his wis d om a n d g a i n e d

m a rv e llous r e pu te a mo n g t h e m so t h a t h e rul e d n o t o n ly
,

t h e common me n bu t t h e i r ki n gs H e chos e from a mo n g

.

t h e m t hos e t h a t w e r e a t t h a t t im e o f n obl e s t bi r t h a n d
su pe rior wis dom a n d t a ugh t t h e m t h e ol ogy bid d i n g t h e m ,

w orshi p c e r t a i n d ivi n i t i e s a n d holy pl a c e s H e g a v e t h e .

n a m e o f P il l e a t i t o t h e p ri e s t s h e or da i n e d I su ppos e ,

b e c a us e t h e y o ff e r e d s a cri fic e h a vi n g t h e ir h e a d s cov e r e d
wi t h t i a ra s which we o t h e rwis e c a ll f i ll ei B u t h e ba de
, .

t h e m c a ll t h e r e s t o f t h e i r r a c e Ca pil l a t i This n am e t h e .

Got hs a cc ept ed a n d p riz e d highly a n d t h e y r e ta i n i t t o

,

t his d ay i n t h e ir so n gs .

A f te r t h e de a t h o f D i ci n e u s t h e y h e l d Co mo s i cu s i n
,

a lmos t e q u a l ho n or b e c a us e h e wa s n o t i n f e rio r i n k n owl

,

e dg e . By r e a so n o f his wis dom h e wa s a ccou n t e d t h e ir

ri s t d k i g a n d h e j u dg e d t h e p e o pl e w i t h t h e gr e a t
p e an n ,

e s t u p righ t n e ss.

X I I Wh e n h e t o o h a d d epa r t e d from hum a n a ff a i rs ,

Co ry l l u s a sc e n de d t h e t hro n e a s ki n g o f t h e Go t hs an d for
f or ty y e a rs rul e d hi s pe o pl e i n D a ci a I m e a n a n ci e n t
.
D ACI A

D a ci a wh ich t h e r a c e o f t h e G ep i da e now pos s e ss e s This

,
.

coun t ry li e s a cross t h e D a n ub e wi t hi n sigh t o f M o e si a ,

a n d i s surround e d by a c row n o f mou n t a i n s I t h as o n ly .

t wo w a y s o f a cc e ss o n e by way of B o u t a e a n d t h e
,

o th e r by T a pa e . This Go t h i a which o u r a n c e s t ors

,
 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

c a ll e d D a ci a a n d n o w a s I h a v e s a i d is c a ll e d Gepi di a
, , ,

wa s t h e n bou n de d o n t h e e a s t by t h e Roxol a n i o n t h e w e s t ,

by t h e I a zyg e s o n t h e n ort h by t h e S a rm a t i a n s a n d B a s
,

t e rn a e a n d o n th e sou t h by t h e riv e r D a n ub e Th e I a z yg e s .

a r e s e pa r a t e d from t h e Roxol a n i by t h e A lu t a riv e r only .

An d si n c e m e n t i o n h a s b ee n m a d e o f t h e D a nub e I ,

t hi n k i t n o t o u t o f p l a c e t o m a k e bri e f n o t ic e o f so e xc e l

l en t a s t r e a m R isi n g i n th e fi e l d s o f t h e A l a man n i i t
.
,

r e c e iv e s six ty s t r ea ms which fl o w i n t o i t h e r e a n d t h e r e
i n t h e t w e lv e hu n d r e d mil e s from i t s sourc e t o i t s m o u t hs
i n t h e Po n t us r e s e mbli n g a s pi n e i n wov e n wi t h ribs lik e
,

a b a sk e t . I t i s i n de e d a mos t v a s t riv e r In th e l a n gu a g e .

o f t h e B e ssi i t i s c a ll e d t h e H is t e r a n d i t h a s pro fou n d ,

w a t e rs i n i t s ch a n n e l t o a de pt h o f q ui t e t wo hun d r e d f e e t .

Thi s s t r e a m surpa ss e s i n siz e a l l o t h e r riv e rs e xc e pt t h e

'

N il e Le t t his much su ffic e f o r t h e D a n ub e B u t l e t us

. .

n o w wi t h t h e L or d s h e l p r e t ur n t o t h e subj e c t from which

’

we h a v e digr e ss e d .

X II I No w a f t er a l o n g t im e i n t h e r e i g n o f t h e ,

Em pe ror D omi t i a n t h e G o t hs t hrough f e a r o f his a v a

, ,

ri cc brok e t h e t ruc e t h e y h a d lo n g o bs e rv e d u n de r ot h e r
-
,
’

e m pe rors . Th e y l a i d w a s t e t h e b a n k o f t h e D a n ub e so ,

l o n g h e l d by t h e Rom a n Em p ir e a n d sl e w t h e sol d i e rs a n d
,

t h e i r g e n e r a ls .Oppi u s S a bi n u s wa s t h e n g o v e r n or o f
t h a t p rovi n c e a ft e r
,
A gri ppa whil e D o r pa n eu s h e ld
,

comm an d ov e r t h e Go t hs Th e r e up o n t h e Go ths m a de .

wa r a n d c o n q u e r e d t h e Rom a n s cu t o ff th e h e a d o f ,

Oppi u s S abi n u s a n d i n v a de d a n d bol d ly plu n de r e d m a n y

c a s t l e s a n d ci t i e s b e lo n gi n g t o t h e Em pe ror I n t his pligh t .

o f h i s cou n t rym e n D omi t i a n h a s t e n e d wi t h a l l his migh t

t o Illyri cum , bri n gi n g wi t h him th e t roo ps o f a lmos t

t h e e n t ir e e m p ir e H e s e n t F u s cu s b e for e him a s his
.

g e n e r a l wi t h pick e d sol d i e rs Th e n j oi n i n g bo a t s t o
.

ge t h e r lik e a bridg e h e m a de his s o l di e rs cross t h e riv e r

,

D a n ub e a bov e th e a rmy o f Do r pan eu s B u t t h e G o t hs .

w e r e on t h e a l e r t Th e y t ook u p a rm s a n d pr e s e n t ly ov e r
.
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G OT H S

a P a t rici a n O r di n a ry An d o f h e r h e b e ga t a s on a lso
.
,

c a ll e d Ge r ma n u s B u t up o n t h e d e a t h o f Ge r ma n u s s h e
.
,

d et e rmi n e d t o r e m a i n a wi d ow No w how a n d i n wh a t .

wi s e t h e ki n gd om o f t h e A m a li was ov e r t hrow n we sh a ll
k e e p t o t e ll i n i t s pro pe r pl a c e i f t h e L o r d h e l p us, .

B u t l e t u s n o w r e t ur n t o t h e poi n t wh e n c e we m a de o u r
d igr e ssio n a n d t e ll h o w t h e s t ock o f t his p e o p l e o f whom
I s pe a k r e a ch e d t h e e n d o f i ts cours e N ow Abl a bi u s t h e .

hi s t ori a n r e l a t e s t h a t i n S cy t hi a wh e r e we h a v e s a i d t h a t
,

t h e y w e r e dw e lli n g a bov e a n a r m o f t h e Po n t ic S e a pa r t ,

o f t h e m who h e l d t h e e a s t e r n r e gio n a n d whos e ki n g wa s

Os t r og o t h a w e r e c a ll O s t rogo t hs t h at is e a s t e rn
, , ,

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, .

r e s t w e r e c a ll e d Vi sigo t hs t h a t i s t h e G o ths o f t h e w e s t
, ,

e rn cou n t ry .

X V A s a l r e a dy s a i d t h e y cro s se d t h e D a n ub e a n d
,

d w e l t a l i t t l e whil e i n Mo e si a a n d Thr a c e Fr o m t h e .

r e m n a n t o f t h e s e c a m e M a ximi n t h e Em pe ror succ e e d ,

i n g A l e x a n de r t h e s o n o f M a ma e a [
F o r Symm a chus r e .

l a t e s i t t hus in t h e fi f t h book o f his his t ory s ayi n g t h a t ,

u po n t h e d e a t h o f C a e s a r A l e x a n de r M a ximi n was
‘

"

m a d e Emp e ror by t h e a rmy ; a ma n bor n i n Thr a c e o f

most humbl e pa r e n t a g e h is f at h e r b e i n g a Go t h n a m e d
,

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,

Aba b a H e r e ig n e d t hr e e y e a rs a n d los t a l ik e his e mp ir e

.

a n d hi s li f e whil e m a ki n g wa r o n t h e Chris t i a n s No w .

a f t e r his firs t y e a rs s pe n t i n rus t ic li f e h e h a d c o m e from ,

hi s flocks t o mili ta ry s e rvic e i n t h e r e ign o f t h e Empe ror

S e v e rus a n d a t t h e t im e wh e n t h e l a t t e r wa s c e l e br at i n g
’

hi s so n s bir t h da y I t h a ppe n e d t h a t t h e Em pe r o r wa s giv

’
.

i n g mil i t a ry g a m e s Wh e n M a ximi n s a w t his a l t hough

.
,

h e wa s a s e mi b a rb a ri a n you t h h e b e sough t t h e Em pe ro r
-
,

i n his n a t iv e t o n gu e t o giv e him pe rmissio n t o wr e s t l e wi t h

t h e t r a i n e d sol d i e rs f o r t h e priz e s o ff e r e d S e v e rus ma r .

v e ll i n g much a t his gre a t siz e— f o r his s t a t ur e i t is s a i d , ,

—
wa s mor e t h a n e igh t f e e t b a de him co n t e n d i n wr e s t li n g
 T H E G OT H I C H I STO RY

wi t h t h e c a m p follow e rs i n or de r t h a t no i n j ury mig h t

,

b e f a ll hi s sol d i e rs a t t h e h a n d s o f t hi s wil d f e llow Th e r e .

upon M a ximin t hr e w six t e e n a tt e n d a n t s w i t h so gr e a t

e a s e t h a t h e c o n q u e r e d t h e m o n e by o n e wi t h o u t t a ki n g

a n y r e s t by pa usi n g b e t w e e n t h e bou t s . S o t h e n wh en ,

h e h a d wo n t h e p riz e s h e wa s or de r e d i n t o t h e a rmy
a n d s e r v e d hi s firs t c a m pa ig n wi t h t h e c a v a lry On .

t h e t hir d day a f t e r t his wh e n t h e Em pe ror w e n t o u t

,

t o t h e fi e l d h e s a w him coursi n g a bou t in b a rb a ri a n

,

f a shio n a n d b a de a t ribu n e r e st r a i n him a n d t e a ch

him R om a n d isci plin e B u t wh e n h e u n d e rs t o o d t h a t
.

t h e Em p e ror wa s s pe a ki n g a bo u t him h e c a m e for

,

w a r d a n d b e g a n t o run a h e a d o f him a s h e ro d e Th e n .

t h e Em p e ro r s purr e d o n his hors e t o a slow t ro t a n d

wh e e l e d i n m a n y a ci rcl e hi t h e r a n d t hi t h e r wi t h v a rious
t ur n s un t il h e wa s w ea ry
“
,
An d t h e n h e s a i d t o him A r e
.

you willi n g t o wr e st l e n o w a f t e r your ru n n i n g my li t t l e ,

? ” “
Thr a ci a n A s much a s y ou l ik e 0 Em p e ror, he ,

a n sw e r e d . S o S e v e rus l e a pe d from hi s hors e a n d o r de r e d

t h e fr e sh e s t sol d i e rs t o wr e s t l e wi t h him B u t h e t hr e w
.

t o t h e grou n d s e v e n v e ry p ow e r ful you t hs e v e n a s b e for e, ,

t a ki n g n o br e a t hi n g s pa c e b e t w e e n t h e bou t s So h e a lo n e
.

wa s giv e n priz e s o f silv e r a n d a gol de n n e ckl a c e by Ca e

sar . Th e n h e wa s bi dde n t o s e rv e i n t h e b o dy gu a r d o f
t h e Em p e ror A f t e r t his h e wa s a n o ffic e r u n de r A n t o
.

ni n us C a r a c a ll a o f t e n i n cr e a si n g hi s f a m e by his d e e d s
, ,

a n d ros e t o m a n y mili t a ry gr a d e s a n d fi n a lly t o t h e ce n

t u r i o n s h i p a s a r e w a rd of hi s a c t iv e s e rvic e Y e t a f te r
.

w a r d s wh e n M ac r i n u s b e c a m e Em pe ror h e r e fus e d mili

, ,

t a ry s e rvic e fo r a lmos t t hr e e y e a rs a n d t hough h e h e l d

,

t h e o ffic e o f t ribu n e h e n e v e r c a m e i n t o t h e p r e s e n c e o f
, M acr in u s
AD 2 1 7- 2 1 8
M a cr i n u s t hi n ki n g hi s rul e sh a m e ful b e c a us e h e h a d wo n
,
. .

i t by commi t t i n g a crim e Th e n h e r et urn e d t o H e l i og a

.

b a lus b e li e vi n g him t o be t h e s o n of A n t o n i n us a n d
, ,

e n t e r e d u o n hi s t ribu n e shi p A f t r h i r ig h e fough t

p . e s e n ,

wi t h m a rv e llous succ e s s a ga i n s t t h e P a rt h i a n s u n de r
’

,
 76 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

Al e x a n d e r A l e x a n de r t h e s o n o f M a ma e a Wh e n h e wa s sl a i n in a n
.

A D 222 23 5 -

u p risi n g o f t h e sol d i e rs a t M og o n t ia cu m M a ximi n him

. .

M a ximi n s e l f was m a d e Em pe ro r by a vo t e o f t h e a rmy wi t h

AD —
2 3 5 23 8
,

o u t a d e cr e e o f t h e s e n a t e B u t h e m a rr e d a ll his goo d
. .

d e e d s by p e rs e cu t i n g t h e Chris t i a n s in a ccor da n c e wi t h
a n e vil v o w a n d b e i n g sl a i n by P u p i e n u s a t A q uil e i a l e ft
, ,

t h e ki n g d o m t o Phili p Th e s e m a tt e rs we h a v e borrow e d
.

from t h e his t o ry o f Symm a chus for t hi s o u r li t tl e book ,

i n or d e r t o sh o w t h a t t h e r a c e o f which we s pe a k a t t a in e d
t o t h e v e ry high e s t s t a t io n i n t h e Rom a n Em pi r e B ut .

o u r subj e c t r e q ui r e s us t o r e t ur n i n d u e or d e r t o t h e p oi n t
*

wh e n c e we d igr e ss e d .

X VI No w t h e Go t hi c r a c e ga i n e d gr ea t f a m e i n t h e
r e gio n wh e r e t h e y w e r e t h e n dw e lli n g t h a t i s i n th e , ,

Scy t hi a n l a n d o n t h e s h or e o f Po n t u s h o l d i n g u n d ispu te d
,

sw a y ov e r gr e at s t r e t ch e s o f cou n t ry m a n y a rms o f t h e,

s e a a n d m a n y riv e r c o urs e s By t h e i r s t r o n g right a r m

.

t h e V a n da ls w e r e o f t e n l a i d l o w ; t h e M a rc o m a n n i h e l d
t h e i r fo o t i n g by pa yi n g t ribu t e a n d t h e p ri n c e s o f t h e

Q u a d i w e r e r e duc e d t o sl a v e ry N ow wh en t h e a for e s a i d
Phili p—who wi t h his s o n Phili p wa s t h e o n ly Ch ris t i a n
.

, ,

e m p e ror b e for e Co n s t a n t i n e— rul e d o v e r t h e Rom a n s in ,

t h e s e co n d y e a r o f his r e ign Rom e com pl e t e d i t s o n e

P h i lip fi l i u s t hous a n dt h y e a r . H e wi t hh e l d from th e Go t hs t h e t ribu t e
A D 24 7-24 9
. .

d u e t h e m ; wh e r e u p o n t h e y w e r e n a t ur a lly e n r a g e d a n d
i n s t e a d o f fri e n d s b e c a m e his fo e s F o r t hough t h ey d w e l t
.

a pa r t u n d e r t h e i r o wn ki n gs
y e t t h e y h a d be e n a lli e d t o
,

t h e R om a n s t a t e a n d r e c e iv e d a n n u a l gi f t s An d wh a t .

mor e ? O s t ro g o t h a a n d his men soo n cross e d t h e D a n ub e

a n d r a v a g e d Mo e si a a n d Thr a c e Phili p s e n t t h e s en a t or
.

D e cius a ga i n s t him . An d si n c e h e coul d d o n o t hi n g

a ga i n s t th e G et a e ,
h e r e l e a s e d his sol di e rs f rom mili
t a ry s e rvi c e a n d s e n t t h e m b a ck t o p riv a t e li f e a s t hough ,

i t h a d b e e n by t h e ir n e gl ec t t h a t t h e Go t hs h a d cross e d t h e
D a n ub e Wh en a s h e supp os e d h e h a d t hus t a k e n v e n
.
, ,

g e a n c e o n hi s sol d i e rs h e r e t ur n e d t o Phili p
,
B ut wh en .
 T H E G OT H I C H I ST O R Y

the soldi e rs fou n d t h e ms e lv e s e x pe ll e d from t h e a rmy

a f t e r so m a n y h a rdshi p s i n t h e ir a n g e r t h e y h a d r e cours e
,

t o t h e pro t e c t ion o f O s t r o g o t h a ki n g o f t h e Go t hs
,
He .

r e c e iv e d t h e m wa s a rous e d by t h e ir wo rds an d p r e s e n t ly
,

l e d o u t t hr e e hu n d r e d t hous an d a rm e d me n h a vi n g a s,

a lli e s for t his wa r som e o f t h e T a i f a l i a n d A s t ri n gi a n d

a lso t hr e e t hous a n d o f t h e C a r p i a r a c e o f me n v e ry r e a dy
,

t o m a k e wa r a n d f r e q u e n t ly hos t il e t o t h e R o m a ns B ut .

i n l a t e r t im e s wh e n D iocl e t i a n a n d M a x imi an w e r e Em
t h C s r G l r i u s M a x i mi a n u s co n q u e r e d t h e m
p e r o rs
, e a e a a e

a n d m a d e t h e m t ribu t a ry t o t h e R om a n Em p ir e B e si de s
.

t h e s e t rib e s Os t r o g o t h a h a d Go t hs a n d P e u c i n i f r o m t h e
,

isl a n d o f P e u cé which l i e s i n t h e mou t hs o f t h e D a n ub e

,

wh e r e t h e y e m pty i n t o th e S e a o f Po n t us H e pl a c e d i n
.

comm a n d A r g a i t h a n d Gu n t h e r i c t h e n obl e s t l ea de rs
,

o f hi s r a c e . Th ey s pee d ily cross e d t h e D a n ub e d e v a s ,

t a te d Mo e si a a s e co n d t im e a n d a pp ro a ch e d M a r c i a n o pl e ,

t h e f a m e d m e t ro polis o f t h a t l a n d .Y e t a f t e r a lo n g s i e ge
t h e y de pa r t e d u p o n r e c e ivi n g mo n e y fr o m t h e i n h a bi t a n t s
, .

No w si n c e we h a v e m e n t i o n e d M a r c i a n o pl e we ma y ,

bri e fly r e l a t e a f e w m a t t e rs i n c o n n e c t io n wi t h i t s f o u n d
in g . Th ey s a y t h a t t h e Em pe ror Tr a j a n built t his ci ty
for t h e following r e a so n Whil e his sis t e r s d a ugh t e r
’

M a rci a wa s b a t hi n g in t h e s t r e a m c a ll e d P o t amu s—a

.

M ARCI A N OP LE
riv e r o f gr e a t cl ea r n e ss a n d puri ty t h a t ri s e s in t h e m i ds t
o f t h e ci t y—s h e wish e d t o d r a w som e w a t e r f r o m i t a n d
‘

by ch a n c e dro ppe d i n t o i t s de pt hs t h e gol den pi t ch e r s h e

wa s c a rryi n g Y et t hough v e ry h e a vy fro m i t s w e igh t
.

o f m e ta l ,
i t e m e rg e d from t h e w a v e s a lo n g t im e a f t e r
w a r d s I t sur e ly is n o t a usu a l t hi n g for a n e m pt y v e ss e l
.

t o si n k ; much l e s s t h a t wh e n o n c e sw a llow e d u p i t shoul d

, ,

be c a s t u p by t h e w a v e s a n d flo a t a g a i n . Tr a j a n ma r
v e l l e d a t h ea ri n g t his a n d b e li e v e d t h e r e wa s som e d ivi n

i ty in t h e s t r e a m . So h e buil t a ci t y a n d c a ll e d i t
M a r c i a n o pl e a f t e r t h e n a m e o f his sis t e r .

X VI I From t his ci ty t h e n a s we w e r e s a yi n g t h e
, , ,
78 J ORDA N E s : OR I G I N A N D D EE D S O F TH E G OT H S

G e ta e r e t ur n e d a f t e r a l o n g si e ge t o t h e i r o wn l a n d e m ,

ri ch e d by t h e ra n som t h e y h a d r e c e iv e d N ow t h e r a c e .

o f t h e G ep i da e wa s mov e d wi t h e n vy wh e n t h ey s aw t h e m
l a de n wi t h boo t y a n d s o su dd e n ly vi c t orious e v e rywh e r e ,

a n d m a de wa r o n t h e ir ki n sm e n Shoul d you a s k h o w .

t h e G e t a e a n d G e p id ae a r e ki n sm e n I ca n t e ll you i n a ,

f e w wor d s Y ou sur e ly r e m e mb e r t h a t i n th e b egi n n i n g

.

I s a i d t h e Go t hs w en t for t h f rom t h e bosom o f t h e isl a n d

o f S can d z a wi t h B e rig t h e i r ki n g s a il i n g i n o n ly t hr ee
, ,

shi p s t ow a rd th e hi t h e r shor e o f O c e a n n a m e ly t o ,

Go th i s ca n dz a On e o f t h e s e t hr ee shi p s p rov e d t o be
.

slow e r t h a n t h e o t h e rs a s is usu a lly t h e c a s e a n d t h us i s

, ,

s a i d t o h a v e giv e n t h e t ri be t h e i r n a m e f or i n t h e ir
’

l a n gu a g e g epa ma m ea n s slow H e n c e i t c a m e t o pa ss .

t h a t gr a du a lly a n d by corru pt io n t h e n a m e G e p i da e wa s
”

coi n e d f o r t h e m by way o f r e p ro a ch F o r un doub te dly .

t h e y t o o t r a c e t h e i r origi n from t h e s t ock o f t h e Go t hs ,

bu t be c a us e a s I h a v e s a i d g epcmta m e a n s s om e t hi n g
, ,

slow a n d s t oli d t h e wor d G ep i d a e a ros e a s a grat ui t ous

,

n a m e o f r e p roa ch I do n o t b e li e v e t his is v e ry f a r
.

wrong for t h e y a r e slow o f t hough t a n d t o o sluggi sh f o r

,

q uick m ov e m en t o f t h e i r b o d i e s .

Th e s e G epi da e w e r e t h e n smi tt e n by en vy whil e t h e y

d w e l t i n t h e provi n c e o f S pe s is o n a n i sl a n d surrou n de d
by t h e sh a ll o w w a t e rs o f t h e Vis t ul a This isl a n d t h e y .

c a ll e d i n t h e s pe e ch o f t h e ir f a t h e rs Gepe do i os bu t i t is
, ,

n o w i n h a bi t e d by t h e r a c e o f t h e V i v id a r ii s i n ce th e ,

G e p i da e t h e ms e lv e s h a v e mov e d t o b ett e r l a n d s Th e .

V i v i da r i i a r e g a t h e r e d from v a ri o us ra c e s i n t o t his o n e
a sylum i f I may c a ll it s o a n d t hus t h e y fo rm a n a t i o n
, ,
.

S o t h e n a s we w e r e s ayi n g F a s t i da ki n g o f t h e G epi da e
, , , ,

s t i rr e d u p his q ui e t pe o pl e t o e n l a rge t h e ir bou n da ri e s by

wa r H e ov e rwh e lm e d t h e Burgu n d i a n s a lmos t a n n ih i
.
,

l a t i n g t h e m a n d co n q u e r e d a n umb e r o f o t h e r r a c e s a lso
, .

H e u n j us t ly p rovok e d t h e Go t hs b e i n g t h e firs t t o br ea k ,

t h e bo n d s o f ki n shi p by u n s e e mly s t ri f e H e wa s gr e at ly .
 T H E G OT H IC H I STO R Y

u f f d wi t h v a i n glory b u t i n s e e ki n g t o a c q uir e n ew
p e u p ,

l a n d s f o r his growi n g n a t io n h e o n ly r e duc e d t h e n u m,

b e rs o f his own cou n t rym e n F o r h e s en t a mb a ss a dors .

t o Os t r o g o t h a t o whos e rul e O s t rogo t hs a n d Vi sigo t hs

,

a lik e t h a t is t h e t wo pe o pl e s o f th e s a m e t rib e w e r e s t ill

, , ,

subj e c t Com pl a i n i n g t h a t h e wa s h emm ed i n by rugg e d

.

mou n t a i n s a n d d e ns e for e s t s h e de m an de d o n e o f t wo ,

t hi n gs t h a t Os t r o g o th a shoul d e i th e r p r e pa r e f o r wa r
,

o r giv e u p pa r t o f h i s l a n ds t o t h e m Th e n Os t r og o t h a
.
,

ki n g of t h e G o ths who wa s a ma n o f firm mi n d a n

, ,

s we r e d t h e a mb a ss a d ors t h a t h e d i d i n d e e d d r e a d such a

wa r a n d t h a t i t woul d be a gri evous a n d i n f am o us t hi n g

t o j oi n b a tt l e wi t h t h e i r ki n —bu t h e woul d n o t giv e u p
his l a n ds An d why s ay mor e ? Th e G epi da e h a s t e n e d
.

t o t a k e a rms a n d O s t r o g o t h a lik e wis e mov e d hi s forc e s

a g a i n st t h e m l e s t h e shoul d s e e m a cow a r d
, Th e y me t
.

a t t h e t ow n o f Ga l t i s n ea r which t h e riv e r A nh a flows

, ,

a n d t h e r e bo t h si d e s fough t wi t h gr e a t v a lor ; i n d e e d t h e

s imil a ri ty o f t h e i r a rms a n d o f t h e i r m a n n e r o f figh t i n g

t urn e d t h e m a g a i n s t t h e i r o wn me n B u t t h e b e t t e r c a us e
.

a n d t h e i r n a t ur a l a l e r t n e s s a i de d t h e Go t hs Fi n a lly n igh t
.

p u t a n e n d t o t h e b a t t l e a s a p a r t o f t h e G e pi da e w e r e
givi n g way Th e n F a s t i da ki n g o f t h e G e pi da e l e f t t h e
.
, ,

fi e l d o f sl a ugh t e r a n d h a s t e n e d t o his o wn l a n d a s much ,

humili at e d wi t h sh a m e a n d di sgra c e a s form e rly h e h a d

b e e n e l a t e d wi t h p rid e Th e Go t hs r e t ur n e d vic t o rious
.
,

co n t en t wi t h t h e r e t r e a t o f t h e G e p i da e a n d dw e l t i n ,

pea c e a n d h a pp i n e ss i n t h e i r o wn l a n d so lo n g a s O s t r o
go th a wa s t h e i r l e a de r .

X VII I A f t e r hi s d e a t h Cn iv a d ivi de d t h e a rmy i n t o

,

t wo pa r t s a n d s e n t som e t o w a s t e Mo e si a k n owi n g t h a t i t ,

wa s u n d e f e n de d t hrough th e n egl e c t o f t h e e m pe rors .

H e hims e l f wi t h s e v e nt y t hous a n d me n h a s t e n e d t o
E u s ci a t h a t i s N ov a e
, ,
Wh e n d riv e n from t his pl a c e by
.

t h e g e n e r a l G a llus h e a ppro a ch e d N icop oli s a v e ry f a

, ,

mous t ow n si t u a t e d n e a r t h e I at r u s riv e r This ci ty.

 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

Tr a j a n buil t wh e n h e con q u e r e d t h e S a rm a t i a ns a n d
n a m e d i t t h e Ci t y o f Vict ory Wh e n t h e Em pe ror D e ci us
.

dr e w n e a r Cn iv a a t l a s t wi t h d r e w t o t h e r e gio n s o f
,

H a e mus which w e r e n o t f a r d is t a n t Th e n c e h e h a s t e n e d
,
.

t o Phili pp o p olis wi t h his forc e s i n goo d a rr a y

,
Wh e n .

t h e Em p e ro r D e ci u s l e a r n e d o f his de pa r t ur e h e wa s ,

e a g e r t o bri n g r e li e f t o hi s o wn ci ty a n d crossi n g Mou n t ,

H a e mus c a m e t o B e r o a Whil e h e wa s r e s t i n g his hors e s

,
.

a n d hi s w e a ry a rmy i n t h a t pl a c e a l l a t o n c e Cn i v a a n d
,

his G o t hs f e ll u pon him l ik e a t hu n de rbol t H e cu t t h e .

Rom a n a rmy t o p i e c e s a n d d rov e t h e Em pe ror w i t h a ,

f e w who h a d succ e e d e d i n e sc a pi n g a c ross t h e A l p s a ga i n

,

t o E u s ci a i n Mo e si a wh e r e G a llus wa s t h e n s t a t io n e d
,

wi t h a l a rge f orc e o f sold i e rs a s gu a r d i a n o f t h e fro n t ie r .

Coll e c t i n g a n a rmy from t hi s r e gio n a s w e ll a s from ’

O es cu s h e pre p a r e d fo r t h e co n flict o f t h e comi n g wa r

,
.

B u t Cn i v a t ook Phili ppo p ol i s a f t e r a lo n g si e g e a n d t h en ,

l a d e n wi t h s poil a lli e d hims e l f t o P r i s cu s t h e comm a nd e r

, ,

i n t h e ci ty t o figh t a g a i n s t D e cius
,
I n t h e b a tt l e t h a t
.

follow ed t h e y q uickly pi e rc e d t h e s on o f D e cius wit h a n

a rrow a n d cru e lly sl e w him H is f a t h e r s a w i t a n d
.
-

a l t hough h e is s a id t o h a v e e xcl a im e d t o ch e e r t h e h e a r t s
,

“
o f hi s sol d i e rs : Le t n o o n e mour n ; t h e d ea t h o f o n e
sol d i e r is n o t a gre a t loss t o t h e r e public h e wa s y e t ,

un a bl e t o e n dur e it b e ca us e o f his l ov e f o r his s o n S o

,
‘

h e rod e a ga i n s t t h e f o e de m a n d i n g e i t h e r dea t h or v e n
,

g e a n c e
, an d wh e n h e c a m e t o A b r i t t u s a ci t y of Mo e si a , ,

h e wa s hims e l f cu t o ff by t h e Go t hs a n d sl a i n t hus ma k ,

i n g a n e n d o f hi s d omi n io n a n d o f his l i f e Thi s pl a c e .

i s t o day c a ll e d t h e A lt a r o f D e cius b e c a us e h e t h e r e
-
,

o ff e r e d s t r a n ge s a crific e s t o i d ols b e for e t h e b a t t l e .

Ga l l u s X I X Th en u po n t h e de a t h o f D e cius G a llus a n d ,
AD 2 5 1 - 2 53
V o l u s i a n u s succ e e d e d t o t h e Rom a n Em pir e At t hi s
. .

t im e a de s t ruc t iv e pl a gu e a lmos t lik e d e a t h i t s e l f such

, ,

V o l u s i an u s as we su ff e r e d n i n e y e a rs a g o blight e d t h e f a c e o f t h e
,

A D 2 52 2 53
. .
-
whol e e a r t h a n d e s pe ci a lly de v a s ta t e d A l e x a n d ri a a n d a l l
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

t ra ce s of rui n a s a wi tn e ss t o po s t e ri t y A f te r th e i r
i ts .

succ e ss t h e Go ths r e cross e d t h e s t r a i t o f th e H e ll e s po n t

, ,

l a de n wit h booty a n d s poil a n d r e t urn e d a lo n g t h e s a m e

,

rou te by which t h e y h a d e n t e r e d A si a s a cking Troy ,

a n d I lium o n t h e way Th e s e ci t i e s which h a d sc a rc e r e

.
,

cov e r e d a l i t t l e from t h e f a mous wa r wi t h A g a m e m n o n ,

w e r e t hus d e s t ro ye d a n e w by t h e hos t il e swor d A f t e r .

t h e Go t hs h a d t h u s d e v a s t a t e d A si a Thr a c e n e x t f e l t ,

t h e i r f e roci t y For t h ey w e n t t hi t h e r a n d p re s e n tly

.

a t t a ck e d A n ch i a l i a ci t y a t t h e foo t o f H a e mus a n d n o t
,

f a r fr o m t h e s e a S a r d a n a pa lus ki n g o f th e P a rt hi a n s
.
, ,

h a d buil t t his ci ty lo n g a g o b e t w e e n a n i n l e t o f th e s e a
a n d t h e b a s e o f H a e mus Th e r e t h e y a r e s a i d t o h a v e
.

s t a y e d for m a n y d a ys e n j oyi n g t h e b a t hs o f t h e h o t
,

s p ri n gs which a r e si t u a t e d a bou t t w e lv e mil e s fro m t h e

ci ty o f An ch i a l i Th e r e t h e y gush from t h e d ept hs o f
.

t h e i r fi e ry s o urc e a n d a mo n g t h e i n num e r a bl e h o t s p ri n gs
,

o f t h e worl d t h e y a r e pa r t icul a rly f a mous a n d e ffic a c ious

t o h ea l t h e sick .

TH E T I M E S
OF D I O CLE T IA N
XX I A f t e r t h e s e e v e n t s t h e Go t hs h a d a lr e a dy r e ,
I I O

t ur n e d hom e wh e n t h e y w e r e summo n e d a t t h e r e q u e s t -

o f t h e Em pe ror M a x i mi a n t o a i d t h e Rom a n s a g a i n s t t h e

P a r t hi a ns Th ey f o ught for him f a i t h fully s e rvi n g a s

.
,

a uxili a ri e s B u t a f t e r C a e s a r M axi mi a n by t h e i r a i d h a d
.

rout e d Na r s e u s ki n g o f t h e P e rsi a n s t h e gr a n dso n o f

, ,

S a p or t h e Gr e a t t a ki n g a s s p oil a l l h i s poss e ssio n s t o

, ,

ge t h e r wi t h his wiv e s a n d his s o n s a n d wh e n D iocl e t i a n ,

h a d con q u e r e d A chill e s i n A l e x a n d ri a a n d M a x imi a n u s

H e r cu li u s h a d brok e n t h e Q u i n q u eg en t i a n i i n A fric a t hus ,

wi n ni n g pe a c e fo r th e e m pi r e t h e y b eg a n r at h e r t o n eg ,

l e c t t h e Go t hs .

N ow i t h a d lo n g b e e n a h a rd m a t t e r f o r t h e Rom a n
a rmy t o figh t a g a i n s t a n y n a t io n s wh a t so e v e r wi t hout

t h em . Thi s i s e vi d e nt from t h e wa y i n which t h e Go t hs

w e r e s o fr e q u e n t ly c a ll e d u po n Thus t h ey w e r e sum .

mo n e d by Co n s t a n t in e t o b ea r a rms a ga ins t his ki n sm a n

 T H E G O T H I C H IST O R Y

L i ci n ius L a t e r wh e n h e wa s v an q uish e d a n d s hu t u p
.
,

in Th e ss a lo n i c a an d d ep riv e d o f his p ow e r t h ey sl e w him ,

wi t h t h e swor d o f Co n s t a n t i n e th e vict or I n lik e m a n n e r .

it wa s t h e a i d o f t h e Go t hs t h a t e n a bl e d him t o buil d th e
,

f a mous ci ty t h a t i s n a m e d a f t e r him th e riv a l o f R om e , ,

i n a smuch a s t h ey e n te r e d i n t o a t ruc e wi t h t h e Empe ror

a n d fur n ish e d him for t y t hous a n d me n t o a i d him a g a i n s t

v a rious p e o pl e s This bo dy o f me n n a m e ly t h e A lli e s

.
, , ,

a n d t h e s e rvic e t h e y r e n d e r e d i n wa r a r e s t ill s pok e n o f i n

t h e l a n d t o t his d ay N ow a t t h a t t im e t h e y p r o s pe r e d
.

u n de r t h e rul e o f t h e i r ki n gs A r i a r i c a n d A o r i c Upo n .

t h e i r d e a t h Ge be r i ch a pp e a r e d a s succ e ss o r t o t h e t hron e ,

a ma n r e n ow n e d for hi s v a lor a n d n obl e bir t h .

XX I I For h e wa s t h e s o n o f H il de ri t h wh o wa s t h e ,

s o n o f O vi d a who wa s t h e s o n o f N i da da ; a n d by his
,

ill u s t ri ous de e ds h e e q u a ll e d t h e gl o ry o f his r a c e S o o n .

’
h e sough t t o e n l a rg e hi s cou n t ry s n a rrow bou n d s a t t h e
e x p e n s e o f t h e r a c e o f t h e V a n d a l s a n d V i s i ma r t h e ir ,

ki n g This V i s i ma r wa s o f t h e s t ock o f t h e A s di n g i
.
,

which i s e mi n e n t a mo n g t h e m a n d i n di c at e s a mos t wa r
l ik e de sc e n t a s D ex i ppu s t h e his t ori a n r e l a t e s H e s t a t e s
,
.

f urt h e rmor e t h a t by r e a so n o f t h e gr e a t e x t e n t o f t h e ir
cou n t ry t h e y coul d sc a rc ely com e from O c e a n t o our fro n
At t h a t t im e t h e y dw e l t i n t h e l a n d
’
t i e r i n a y ea r s t im e .

wh e r e t h e G e p i d ae n o w l iv e n e a r t h e riv e rs M a r i s i a , ,

Mili a r e Gilpil a n d t h e Gr i s i a which e xc e e d s i n siz e a ll

, ,

p r e viously m e n t io n e d Th e y t h e n h a d o n t h e e a s t t h e
.

Go t hs o n t h e w e s t t h e M a rcom a n n i o n t h e n or t h th e
, ,

H e r mu n du li a n d o n t h e s ou t h t h e H is t e r which i s a lso ,

c a ll e d t h e D a n ub e At th e t im e wh e n t h e V a n da ls w e r e
.

dw e lli n g i n t his r e gio n wa r was b e gu n a ga i n s t t h e m by

,

Ge be r i ch ki n g o f t h e Go t hs o n t h e shor e o f t h e riv e r
, ,

M a r i s i a which I h a v e m e n t ion e d H e r e t h e b a t t l e r ag e d .

f o r a li tt l e whil e o n e q u a l t e rms B u t s oo n V i s ima r him .

s e l f th e ki n g o f th e V a n d a ls wa s ov e r t hrow n t oge t h e r
, , ,

wi t h t h e g r ea t e r pa r t o f hi s pe o pl e Wh e n Ge be r i ch t h e
‘
.
,
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N AND D EE D S OF T H E GOT H S

f a mous l e a de r o f t h e Go ths h a d co n q u e r e d a n d s poil e d ,

t h e V a n d a ls h e r e t urn e d t o his o wn pl a c e wh e n c e h e h a d
,

com e Th e n t h e r e mn a n t o f t h e V a n da ls who h a d e s
.

c a pe d coll e c t i n g a b a n d o f t h e ir unw a rlik e folk l e f t t h e i r

, ,

ill f at e d cou n t ry a n d a sk e d t h e Em pe ror Co n s t a n t in e fo r

-

P a n n o n i a H e r e t h e y m a de t h e ir hom e for a bou t six t y

.

y e a rs a n d ob ey e d t h e comm a n ds o f t h e e m pe rors l ik e
subj e c t s A lo n g t im e a f t e rw a r d t h e y w e r e summo n e d
.

t h e n c e by S t ilicho M a s t e r o f t h e Sol d i e ry Ex Co n s ul a n d
, ,
-

P a t rici an a n d t oo k p oss e ssio n o f G a ul H e r e t h ey pl u n

,
.

de r e d t h e i r n e ighbors a n d h a d n o s e t t l e d pl a c e o f a bo de .

XX I I I Soo n Gebe r i ch ki n g o f th e Go t hs d epa r t e d , ,

fr o m hum a n a ff a i rs a n d H e rma n a r i c n obl e s t o f t h e ,

A m a li succ e e d e d t o t h e t hro n e H e sub d u e d m a n y wa r

, .

lik e pe o pl e s o f t h e n o r t h a n d m a de t h e m ob ey hi s l a ws f

a n d som e o f o u r a n c e s t ors h a v e j us t ly com pa r e d him t o

A l ex a n de r t h e Gr ea t A mong t h e t rib e s h e co n q u e r e d
.

w e r e t h e Gol th e s cyth a Th i u do s I n a u n x i s V a s i n abr o n

, , ,

ca e , M e r e n s M o r d e n s I mn i s ca r i s Rog a s Ta dz a n s At h
, .
, , ,

a u l N a v e go B u be g e n ae a n d Co l da e
, , B ut t hough f a mo us .

for his co n q u e s t o f so m a ny r a c e s h e g a v e hims e l f n o r e s t ,

u n t il h e h a d sl a in som e i n b a tt l e a n d t h e n r e duc e d t o his

sw a y t h e r e m a i n de r o f t h e t rib e of t h e H e r u li wh o s e chi e f ,
.

wa s A l a ric No w t h e a for e s a i d r a c e as t h e hi s t ori a n

.
,

A bl a bi u s t e ll s us d w e l t n e a r L a k e M a e o ti s i n sw a m py
,

pl a c e s which t h e Gr e e ks c a ll h e l é ; h e n c e t h e y w e r e n a m e d
H elu ri Th ey w e r e a pe o pl e swi f t o f foot a nd o n t h a t
.
,

a ccou n t w e r e t h e mor e swoll e n wi t h p ri d e for t h e r e wa s ,

a t t h a t t im e n o r a c e t h a t d i d n o t cho o s e f rom t h e m i t s

light a rm e d t roo p s fo r b a tt l e B u t t hough th e ir q uick n e ss

-
.

o f t en s a v e d t h e m from o t h e rs who m a de wa r u po n t h e m ,

y e t t h e y w e r e ov e r t hrow n by t h e slow n e ss a n d s t e a d i n e ss

o f t h e Go t hs ; a n d t h e l o t o f for t u n e b rought it t o pa ss
t h a t t h ey a s w e ll a s t h e o t h e r t rib e s h a d t o s e rv e H e r
, ,

ma n a r i c ki n g o f t h e G e ta e A f t e r t h e sl a ugh t e r o f t h e
, .

H e ruli H e r ma n a r i c a lso t ook a rms a g a i n s t t h e V e n et h i

, .
 T H E G OT H I C H I ST O R Y

This pe opl e t hough d e spis e d i n wa r wa s s t ro n g i n n u m

, ,

be rs a n d t ri e d t o r e sis t him B u t a mul t i t u de o f cow a r d s

.

is o f n o a v a il pa r t icul a rly wh en Go d pe rmi t s a n a rm e d

,

mul t i t ud e t o a tt a ck t h em Th e s e pe o pl e as we s t a r t e d
’
'

.
,

t o s ay a t t h e be gin n i n g o f o u r a ccou n t o r c a t a l ogu e o f

n a t io n s t hough o ff s hoo t s f rom o n e s t ock
,
-
h av e now ,

t hr e e n a m e s t h a t is V e n et h i A n te s a n d S cl a v e n i Though
, , , .

t h e y n o w r a g e in wa r f a r a n d wid e i n co n s e q u e n c e o f ,

o u r n e gl e c t ye t a t t h a t t im e t h e y w e r e a ll ob e d i e n t t o H e r
,

ma n a r i c s comm a n d s
’
This rul e r a lso sub du e d by his
.

wi s d om a n d migh t t h e r a c e of t h e A e s t i who dw e ll o n ,

t h e f a rt h e s t shor e o f t h e G e rm a n O c ea n a n d rul e d a l l t h e ,

n a t io ns o f Scy t hi a a n d G e rm an y by hi s o wn p row e ss

a lo n e .

XX IV B u t a f t e r a shor t s pa c e o f t im e a s O ros ius ,

r e l a t e s th e r a c e o f t h e H u n s fi e rce r t h a n f e roci t y i t s e l f
, , ,

fl a m e d for t h a g a i n s t t h e Go t hs W e l e a r n from o l d t r a .

d i t i on s th a t t h e i r origi n was a s foll ows : F i li me r ki n g o f ,

t h e Go t hs s o n o f Ga d a r i c t h e Gr ea t who wa s t h e fi f t h in
, ,

succ e ssio n t o hol d t h e rul e o f t h e Ge t a e a f t e r t h e i r d e

p a r t ur e from t h e i sl a n d o f S c a n d z a —a n d who as we h a v e ,

s aid , e t e re d t e l
n h a n d o f Scy t hi a wi t h hi s rib t e — fou n d
a mong his pe o pl e c e r t a i n wi t ch e s whom h e c a ll e d i n hi s ,

n at iv e t o n gu e H al i w u n n a e Sus pe ct i n g t h e s e wom e n h e
.
,

e x pe ll e d t h e m from t h e mi d s t o f his r a c e a n d c o m pe ll e d

t h e m t o w a n de r i n s oli ta ry e xil e a f a r from his a rmy .

1 22 Th e r e th e u n cl e a n s piri t s who b e h el d t h e m a s t h ey wa n
,

de r e d t hrough t h e wil d e r n e ss b e s t ow e d t h e ir e mbr a c e s ,

u pon t h em an d b e ga t t hi s s a v a g e r a c e which dw e l t a t ,

firs t i n th e sw a m ps a s t u n t e d foul a n d pu n y t rib e

, , ,

sc a rc e ly hum a n a n d h a vi n g n o l a n gu a g e s a v e o n e which
bore but sligh t r e s e mbl a n c e t o hum a n s pe e ch S uch wa s .

t h e d e sc e n t o f t h e H u n s who c a m e t o t h e cou n t ry o f t h e
Go t hs .

This cru e l t rib e a s P r i s cu s t h e his t ori a n r e l a t e s s e t

, ,

t l e d o n th e f a r t h e r b a n k o f t h e M a e o t i c sw a m p Th ey .
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N AND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

w e re fo n d o f hu n t i n g a n d h a d no skill i n a n y o t h e r
art . A f t e r t h e y h a d grow n t o a n a t io n t h e y d ist urb e d ,

t h e p e a c e o f n e ighbori n g r a c e s by t h e f t a n d r a p i n e At .

o n e t im e whil e hu n t e rs o f t h e ir t rib e w e r e a s usu a l s ee k

,

i n g f o r g a m e o n t h e f a r t h e s t e d g e o f M a e ot i s t h e y ,

s a w a d o e un e x p e c t e d ly a pp e a r t o t h e i r sigh t a n d e n t e r

t h e sw a m p a c t i n g as gui de of t h e way ; n o w a d v a n ci n g
,

a n d a ga i n s t a n di n g s t ill Th e hun te rs follow e d a n d

.

cross e d o n f oo t t h e M a e o t i c sw a mp which t h ey h a d ,

supp os e d wa s im pa ss a bl e a s t h e s e a Pr e s e n t ly t h e .

u n k n ow n l a n d o f Scy t hi a d isclos e d i t s e l f a n d t h e d o e ’

d is a ppea r e d No w i n my o pi ni on t h e e v il s pi ri t s from
.
,

whom t h e H u n s a r e d e sc e n de d did t hi s from e n vy o f t h e ,

Scy t hi a ns An d t h e H u n s wh o h a d b ee n wholly ign or a n t

.
,

t h at t h e r e wa s a n o t h e r worl d b e yo n d M ae o t i s w e r e n o w , .

fill e d wi t h a dmi ra t io n f o r t h e Scy t hi a n l a n d A s t h ey ,

w e r e q uick o f mi n d t h e y b e li e v e d t h a t t his pa t h u t t e rly

, ,

unkn ow n t o an y a g e o f t h e pa s t h a d b e e n d ivi n e ly r e ,

v ea l e d t o t h em Th e y r e t urn e d t o t h e i r t rib e t old t h e m

.
,

wh at h a d h appe n e d p r a is e d Scyt hi a a n d pe rsu a d e d t h e

,

pe o pl e t o h a s t e n t hi t h e r a lo n g t h e way t h e y h a d foun d
by t h e guid a nc e o f t h e do e A s m an y a s t h ey c a pt ur e d
.
,

wh e n t h ey t hus e n t e re d S cy t hi a for t h e firs t t im e t h ey ,

s a cri fic e d t o Vi c t o ry Th e r e m a ind e r t h e y co n q u e r e d
.

a n d m a d e subj e c t t o t h e ms e lv e s L ik e a whirlwi n d o f
.

n a t io n s t h e y sw ept a cr o ss t h e gr e a t sw a m p a n d a t onc e
f e ll up o n t h e Al p idz u r i Al ci l dz u r i I t ima r i Tu nca r s i a n d
, , ,

B o i s c i who bor de r e d o n t h a t pa r t o f S cy t hi a
, Th e A l a ni .

a l so who w e r e t h e ir e q u a ls i n b a t t l e bu t u n lik e t h e m in
, ,

civiliz a t io n m a n n e rs a n d a ppea r a n c e t h ey e xh a us t e d by
, ,

t h e i r i n c e ss a n t a t t a cks a n d subdu e d F o r by th e te rror .

o f t h e i r f e a t ur e s t h e y i n s p ir e d gr e a t f e a r i n t hos e whom

p e rh a ps t h e y di d n o t r e a lly sur pa s s in wa r Th ey m a de .

t h e ir f o e s fl e e in horror b e c a u s e t h e i r sw a r t hy a s pe c t wa s
f e a r ful a n d t h ey h a d i f I ma y c a ll i t so a sor t o f sh ape
, , ,

l e ss lum p n o t a h e ad wi t h pi n hol e s r a t h e r t h a n ey e s
, ,
-
.
 TH E G OT H I C H IST O RY 87

Th e i r h a rdihood is e vi d e n t i n t h e i r wil d a ppe a r a n c e a n d ,

t h ey a r e b e i n gs wh o a r e cru e l t o t h e ir chil d r e n o n t h e
v e ry day t h e y a r e born F o r t h ey c u t t h e ch ee ks o f t h e
.

m a l e s wi t h a sword so t h a t b e for e t h e y r e c e iv e t h e nou r

,

i s h me n t o f milk t h ey mus t l ea r n t o e n d ur e wou n ds .

H en c e t h ey grow o l d b ea r dl e ss a n d t h e i r you n g me n a r e
wi t hout com e lin e ss b e c a us e a f a c e furrow e d by t h e sword
,

s p oils by i t s sc a rs t h e n a t ur a l b e a u t y o f a b e a r d Th e y .

a r e S ho rt in s t a t ur e q uick i n bo d ily mov e m e n t a l e r t

, ,

hors e m e n bro a d should e r e d r e a dy i n t h e u s e o f bo w a n d

, ,

a rrow a n d h a v e fi r m s e t n e cks which a r e e v e r e r e c t i n

,
-

ri d Though t h e y l iv e i n t h e form o f me n t h ey h a v e
p .e ,

t h e cru e l t y O f wil d b e a s t s .

Wh e n t h e G e tae b e h e l d t hi s a ct iv e r a c e t h a t h a d i n
v a d e d m a n y n a t ions t h e y t ook frigh t a n d co n sul t e d wi t h
,

t h e i r ki n g h o w t h ey migh t e sc a pe f rom such a f o e N ow .

a l t hough H e r ma n a r i c ki n g o f t h e Go t hs was th e co n
, ,

q ue r o r o f m a n y t rib e s a s w e h a v,e s a i d a bov e y e t whil e ,

h e was de lib e r a t i n g o n t h i s i n v a s io n o f t h e H u n s t h e ,

t r ea ch e rous t rib e o f t h e R o s o mo n i wh o a t t h a t t im e w e r e ,

a mo n g t hos e who ow e d him t h e i r hom a g e t o o k t his ,

ch a nc e t o c a t ch him u n a w a r e s For wh e n th e ki n g h a d .

giv e n ord e rs t h a t a c e rt a in wom an o f t h e t rib e I h a v e

m e nt i on e d S u n i l da by n a m e shoul d be bou n d t o wil d
, ,

hors e s a n d t orn a pa r t by d rivi n g t h e m a t full s pe e d i n

o pposit e d ir e ct i ons ( for h e wa s rous e d t o fury by h e r
husb a n d s t r e a ch e ry t o him ) h e r bro t h e rs S a rus a n d
’

Ammi u s c a m e t o a v e ng e t h e i r sis t e r s d e a t h a n d plu n g e d

’

a swor d i n t o H e r ma n a r i c s S i de
’
E n f ee bl e d by t his blow .
,

h e dr a gge d o u t a mis e r a bl e e xis t en c e i n bo d ily w e a kn e ss .

B a l a mbe r king o f t h e H u n s t ook a dv a n t a g e o f hi s ill

, ,

h e a l t h t o mov e a n a rmy in to th e cou n t ry o f th e O s t ro

go ths f rom whom th e Visigo ths h a d a l r e a dy s epa r a t e d
,

b e c a us e o f som e d is put e M ea n whil e H e rma n a r i c who

.
,

was u n a bl e t o e ndur e e i t h e r t h e pa i n O f hi s w oun d o r t h e

i n ro a ds O f t h e H uns d i e d full o f d a ys a t t h e gr ea t a g e o f
,
 J ORD A N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

on e hu n dre d a n d t e n y e a rs Th e f a c t o f his de a t h e n abl e d

.

t h e H u n s t o p r e v a il ov e r t hos e Got hs who a s we h a v e ,

s a i d dw e l t i n t h e e a s t a n d w e r e c a ll e d O s t rogo t hs
,
.

Th e D ivi de d G o ths : Vi sigo t hs

V a l e n t i n i an I XX V Th e Visigo t hs who w e r e t h e i r o t h e r a lli e s a n d

,

3 64 3 75
-
i n h a bi t an t s o f t h e w e s te r n coun t ry w e r e t e rrifi e d a s t h e i r
,

ki n sm e n h a d b e e n a n d k n ew n ot h o w t o pl a n f o r s a f e t y
,

a g a i n s t t h e r a c e o f t h e H uns A f te r lo n g de lib e r a t i o n by
.

common co n s e n t t h ey fi n a lly s e nt a mb a ss a dors i n t o RO

m a ni a t o t h e Empe ror V a l en s bro t h er o f V a l e n t i n i a n
, ,

t h e e l de r Em pe ror t o s ay t h a t i f h e woul d giv e t h e m pa r t

,

o f Thr a c e o r Mo e s i a t o k e e p t h e y woul d submi t t h e m

,

s e lv e s t o hi s l a ws a n d comma n d s Th a t h e migh t h a v e .

gr ea t e r co n fi de n c e i n t h e m t h e y p romis e d to b e com e
,

Chris t i a n s i f h e woul d giv e t h e m t e a ch e rs who s pok e

,

t h e ir l a n gu a g e . Wh e n V a l e n s l e a rn e d t his h e gl a dly a n d ,

p rom p t ly gr a n t e d wh a t h e h a d hims e l f i n t e n d e d t o a s k .

H e r e c e iv e d t h e G e t a e i n t o t h e r e gi on o f Mo e si a a n d
pl a c e d t h e m t h e re a s a w a ll o f d e f e n s e f o r hi s ki n g d om
a g a i n s t o t h e r t rib e s An d si n c e a t t h a t t im e t h e Em pe ror
.

V a l e n s who wa s i n f e c t e d wi t h t h e A ri a n pe r fi dy h a d
, ,

clos e d a l l t h e church e s o f our pa r ty h e s e n t a s p r e a ch e rs,

t o t h e m t hos e who f a vor e d his s e c t Th e y c a m e a n d .

s t ra ight w a y fill e d a ru de a n d ig n or a n t pe o pl e wi t h t h e
p ois o n o f t h e ir h e r e sy Thus t h e Em pe ror V a l e n s m a d e
.

t h e Visigo t hs A ri a n s r a t h e r t h a n Chri s t i a n s Mor e ov e r .

,

from t h e l ov e t h e y bor e t h e m t h ey p r e a ch e d t h e g o s pe l
,

bo t h t o t h e O s t rogo t hs a n d t o t h e i r ki n sm e n t h e G e pi d a e ,

t e a chi n g t h e m t o r e v e r e n c e t his h e r e sy a n d t h e y i n vi t e d ,

a l l pe o pl e O f t h e ir s pe e ch e v e rywh e r e t o a t t a ch t h e ms e lv e s

t o t hi s s e c t . Th e y t h e ms e lv e s a s we h a v e s a i d cr o ss e d
, ,

t h e D a n ub e a n d s e t t l e d D a ci a R i pe n s i s M o e si a a n d Thr a c e
,

by pe rmissi o n o f th e Em pe ror .

XX VI Soo n f a mi n e a n d w a n t c a m e u p o n t h e m a s ,

O f t e n h a ppe n s t o a pe o pl e n o t y e t w e ll s e t t l e d in a cou n
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

l o n g e r a s s t r a ng e rs a n d pilgrims bu t a s ci t iz e ns a n d lor d s
, ,

b e ga n t o rul e t h e i n h a bi t a n t s a n d t o hol d in t h e i r own

righ t a l l t h e n or t h e r n c o u n t ry a s f a r a s t h e D a nub e .

Wh en t h e Em p e ror V a l e n s h e a r d o f t his at A n t ioch ,

h e m a d e r e a dy a n a rmy a t o n c e a n d s e t o u t f or t h e cou n
t ry O f Thr a c e H e re a gri e vous b a tt l e t ook pl a c e a n d t h e
.

Go t hs p re v a il e d Th e Em pe ror h ims e l f wa s wou n d e d a n d

.

fl e d t o a f a rm n e a r H a dri a n o pl e Th e Go t hs n o t k n ow
.
,

i n g t h at a n e m pe ror l ay hi dde n i n s o p oor a h u t s e t fi r e ,

.

t o it ( a s is cus t om a ry i n d e a li n g wi t h a cru e l f o e ) a n d ,

t hus h e wa s cr e m a t e d i n roy a l s pl e n do r Pl a i n ly i t wa s .

a d i r e c t j udgm e n t o f Go d t h a t h e shoul d be bur n e d wi t h

fi r e by t h e v e ry me n whom h e h a d pe r fi di o u s ly l e d a s t r a y
wh e n t h e y sough t t h e t ru e f a i t h t urn i n g t h e m a si de from
,

t h e fl a m e o f lov e i n t o t h e fi r e o f h e ll From t his t im e t h e

.

Visigo t hs in co n s e q u e n c e o f t h e ir gl orious vict ory po s

, ,

s e ss e d Thr a c e a n d D a ci a Ripe n s i s a s i f i t w e r e t h e i r
n a t iv e l a n d .

XX VI I No w i n t h e pl a c e o f V a l e n s his u n cl e t h e , ,

Em pe ror Gr a t i a n e s t a blish e d Th e od o sius t h e S pa n i a rd i n

t h e E a s t e rn Em pi r e M il i ta ry disci pli n e wa s soo n r e
.
c

s t or e d t o a high l e v e l a n d t h e Go t h pe rc e iving t h a t t h e
, ,

cow a rdic e an d slo t h o f form e r pri n c e s wa s e n d e d be c a m e ,

a fr a id . F o r t h e Em pe ror wa s f a m e d a lik e f o r his a cu t e

n e ss a n d discr e t i o n By s t e rn comm a n d s an d by ge n e r
.

o s i t y a n d kin d n e ss h e e n cour a g e d a d e mo r a liz e d a rmy t o

d e e ds o f d a ri n g B ut wh e n t h e sol d i e rs wh o h a d o b
.
,

t a i n e d a b e t t e r l e a de r by t h e ch a n g e g a i n e d n e w co n fi ,

de n c e t h ey sough t t o a tt a ck th e Go t hs a n d d riv e t h e m
,

from t h e bor d e rs o f Thr a c e B u t a s th e Em pe ror Th e o

do s i u s f e ll so s ick a t t hi s t im e t h a t his l i f e wa s a lmos t
de spa ir e d o f t h e Go t hs w e r e a g a i n i n s pi r e d wi t h cour a g e
, .

D ividing t h e Go t hic a rmy F r i t ig e r n s e t o ut t o plu n d e r

,

Th e ss a ly E pi rus a n d A ch a i a whil e Al a t h eu s a n d S a f r a c
, ,

wi t h t h e r e s t o f t h e t roo ps m a d e for P a n n o n i a No w t h e .

Em pe ror Gr a t i a n h a d a t t hi s t im e r e t r e a t e d from Rom e t o

 T H E G OT H I C H I ST O RY

G a ul b e c a us e o f t h e inv a sio n s o f th e Va n da ls Wh e n h e .

l e a r n e d t h a t t h e Go t hs w e r e a c t i n g wi t h gr e a t e r bol dn e ss
b e c a us e Th e o d osiu s wa s i n de s pa i r o f his l i f e h e q uickly ,

g a t h e r e d a n a rmy a n d c a m e a ga i n s t t h e m Y e t h e pu t no
.

t rus t i n a r ms bu t sough t t o co n q u e r t h e m by kind n e ss a n d

,

gi f t s So h e e n t e r e d on a t ruc e wi t h t h e m a n d m a de
.

pe a c e givi n g t h e m p rovisions
, .

XX VI II Wh e n t h e Em pe ror Th e o dosi u s af t e rw a r d s
r e cov e r e d a n d l e a r n e d t h a t t h e Em pe ror Gr a t i a n h a d
m a d e a c o m pa c t b et w e e n t h e Go t hs a n d th e Roma n s a s ,

h e h a d hims e l f d e sir e d h e wa s v e ry w e ll pl e a s e d a n d
,

g a v e hi s a ss e n t H e ga v e gi f t s t o Ki n g At h a n a r i c wh o
.
,

h a d succ e e d e d F r i t i g e r n m a de a n a lli a n c e wi t h him a n d

-
,

i n t h e mos t gr a cious m a n n e r i n vi t e d him t o visi t him i n

Con s t a n t i n o pl e At h a n a r i c v e ry gl a d ly co n s e n t e d a n d
.

“
a s h e e n t e r e d t h e roy a l ci ty e xcl a im e d i n wo n d e r LO , ,

n o w I s ee wh a t I h a v e o f t e n h e a r d o f wi t h u n b e li e vi n g

ea rs , m e a n i n g t h e gr ea t a n d f a mous ci ty Tur n i n g hi s .

e y e s hi t h e r a n d t hi t h e r h e m a rv e ll e d a s h e b e h e l d t h e
,

si t u a t io n o f t h e ci ty th e comi n g a n d goi n g o f t h e shi p s

, ,

t h e s pl e n di d w a lls a n d t h e pe o p l e o f d iv e rs n a t io n s g a t h
,

e r e d lik e a floo d o f w a t e rs s t r e a mi n g from d i ff e r e n t r e

r e gio n s i n t o on e b a si n S o t o o wh e n h e s a w t h e a rmy i n
.
,

“
a rr a y h e s a i d
, Truly t h e Em pe ror i s a g o d on e a rt h a n d ,

whos o r a is e s a h a n d a ga i n s t him i s guil ty of his o wn

”
bloo d . I n t h e mi d s t o f his a d mi r a t ion a n d t h e e n j oy
m e n t o f e v e n gr e a t e r hon ors a t t h e h a n d o f th e Em pe ror ,

h e de pa r t e d t his li f e a f t e r t h e s pa c e o f a f e w mon t hs .

Th e Em pe ro r h a d such a ff e c t io n fo r him t h a t h e ho n or e d
Ath a n a r i c e v e n mor e wh e n h e wa s d e a d t h a n d uri n g his
li f e t im e f o r h e n o t o n ly g a v e him a wort hy buri a l bu t
, ,

hims e l f w a lk e d b e for e t h e bi e r a t th e fu n e r a l N ow wh e n .

At h a n a r i c wa s d e a d hi s whol e a rmy co n t i n u e d in t h e
,

s e rvic e o f t h e Em pe ror Th e o dosius a n d submi tt e d t o t h e

Rom a n rul e formi n g a s i t w e r e o n e bo dy wi t h t h e impe
,

ri a l sol d i e r y Th e form e r s e rvic e o f t h e A lli e s u n de r t h e

.
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

Em pe ror Co n s t a n t i n e wa s n o w r e n e w e d a n d t h e y w e r e
a g a i n c a ll e d A lli e s An d S i n c e t h e Em pe ror k n e w t h a t
.

t h e y w e r e f a i t h ful t o him a n d his fri e n d s h e t ook f rom ,

t h e i r n umb e r mor e t h a n t w en t y t hous a n d w a rrior s t o .

s e rv e a g a i n s t th e tyr a n t Eug e n ius who h a d sl a i n Gr a t i a n

a n d s e iz e d G a ul A f t e r w i n n i n g t h e vic t ory ov e r t his
.

usurp e r h e wr e a k e d his v e n ge a n c e u po n him

,
.

XX I X B ut a f t e r Th e o dosius t h e lov e r o f pe a c e an d ,

o f t h e Go t hic r a c e h a d p a ss e d f rom hum a n c a r e s his

, ,

so n s b e g a n t o rui n bo t h e m pi r e s by t h e i r luxuri ous livi n g

‘

a n d t o d e p riv e t h e ir A lli e s th a t is t o s a y t h e Go t hs o f t h e
, ,

cus t om a ry gi f t s Th e co n t e m pt o f t h e Got hs f o r t h e
.

R o ma n s soo n i n cr e a s e d a n d for f e a r t h e i r v a lor w o ul d be

,

de s t roy e d by l on g p ea c e t h e y a ppoi n t e d A l a ri c ki n g ov e r
,

t he m . H e wa s o f f a mous s t o ck a n d his n obili t y wa s ,

'

s e c o n d o n ly t o t h a t o f t h e A m a li for h e c a m e fr o m t h e ,

f a mily o f t h e B a l thi who b e c a us e o f t h e ir da ri n g v a lor

,

h a d lo n g a g o r e c e iv e d a mo n g t h e ir r a c e t h e n a m e B a l th a ,

t h a t is Th e B ol d
,
N ow wh e n t hi s A l a ric wa s m a d e ki n g
.
,

h e to ok cou n s e l wi t h his me n a n d pe rsu a de d t h e m t o s e e k

a ki n g d o m by t h e i r o wn e x e r t io n s r a t h e r t h a n s e rv e o t h e rs

i n i dl e n e ss I n t h e co n sulshi p o f S t ilicho a n d A ur e li a n
.

h e r a is e d a n a r my a n d e n t e r e d I t a ly which s e e m e d t o be ,

b a r e o f d e f e n de rs a n d c a m e t hrough P a n n o n i a a n d Sir
,

mium a l o n g t h e right si de Wi t hou t m e et i n g a n y r e sis t .

an ce ,
h e r e a ch e d t h e bri dg e o f t h e riv e r Ca n di di a n u s a t
t h e t hir d mil e s t o n e from t h e roy a l ci t y o f R a v e n n a .

This ci ty li e s a mi d t h e s t r e a ms o f t h e Po b et w e e n
sw a mp s a n d t h e s e a a n d is a cc e ssibl e o n ly o n o n e s i de
, .

I t s a n ci en t i n h a bi t a n t s a s our a n c e s t ors r e l at e w e r e
, ,
' “
c a ll e d a i l/670 0 t h a t is L a u da bl e
, S i t u a t e d i n a cor n e r
, .
”

o f t h e Rom a n Em p ir e a bov e t h e I o n i an S ea i t is h e mm e d ,

i n lik e a n isl a n d by a floo d o f rushi n g w a t e rs On t h e .

e a s t i t h as t h e s e a a n d o n e who s a ils s t r a igh t t o i t from

,

t h e r e gio n o f Co r cy r a a n d t hos e pa r t s o f H e ll a s sw e e p s
-

wi t h his o a rs a lo n g t h e righ t h a n d co a s t firs t t ouchi n g ,

 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

inv a si o n o f G a is e ric ki n g o f t h e V a n da ls Th e gr a n t
, .

wa s co n firm e d by a n i mpe ri a l r e scri pt a n d t h e G o ths , ,

co n s e n t i n g t o th e a rr a n g e m en t s e t o ut for t h e cou n t ry ,

giv e n t h em .

'

Wh e n t h ey h a d go n e a w a y wi t hou t doi n g a n y h a rm
in I t a ly S t il icho t h e P a t rici a n a n d f a t h e r i n l a w o f - -

—
, ,

h
t e Em p ror H o ori u s
e n for th e Em pe ror h a d m a rri e d
bo t h his da ugh t e rs M a ri a a n d Th e r ma n t i a i n succ e s
, ,

sio n bu t God c a ll e d bo th f r o m t his world in t h e i r V 1 r

,
-
.

g i n p uri t y— t his S t ili cho I s a y t r,e a ch e

,
rously hurri ed,

t o P o l l e n t i a a ci t y i n t h e Cot t i a n A l ps
, Th e r e h e f e ll .

u po n t h e u n sus pe c t i n g Go t hs i n b a tt l e t o t h e rui n o f a l l ,

I t a ly a n d his own d isgr a c e Wh e n t h e Go t hs su d de n ly .

b e h e l d him a t firs t t h e y w e r e t e rri fi e d Soon r e ga i n i n g

, .

t h e i r cour a g e a n d a r o u s mg ea ch o t h e r by br a v e shou t i n g ,

a s i s t h e ir cus t om t h e y t ur n e d t o fligh t t h e e n t ir e a rmy

,

o f S t ilicho a n d a lmos t e x t e rmi n a t e d i t Th e n fors a ki n g .

t h e j ourn e y t h e y h a d u n d e rt a k e n t h e Go t hs wi t h h ea r t s ,

full o f r a ge r e t ur n e d a ga i n t o L iguri a wh en c e t h ey
h a d s et ou t W h e n t h ey h a d plu n d e r e d a n d s poil e d i t
.
’
,

t h e y a lso l a i d w a s t e A e mili a a n d t h e n h a s t e n e d t ow a r d
,

t h e ci ty o f Rom e a lo n g t h e F l a mi n i a n W a y which ru n s ,

b e tw ee n P i c e n u m a n d Tu s ci a t a ki n g a s boo ty wh a t ,

e v e r t h e y fou n d o n e i t h e r h a n d Wh e n t he y fi n a lly e n .

t e r e d Rom e by A l a ric s e x pr e ss comm a n d t h e y m e r e ly

’
,

s a ck e d i t a n d d i d n o t s e t t h e ci ty on fi r e a s wil d pe o pl e s ,

usu a lly d o n o r di d t h e y p e rmi t s e rious dam a g e t obe do n e

,

t o t h e holy pl a c e s Th en c e t h e y d e pa r t e d t o bri n g lik e

.

rui n u p on C a m pan i a a n d L uc a n i a a n d t h e n c a m e t o ,

B ru tt i i. H e r e t h e y r e m a i n e d a l o n g t im e a n d pl a n n e d t o
go t o Sicily a n d t h e n c e t o t h e cou n t ri e s o f A fric a .

N ow t h e l a n d o f th e B ru tt ii is a t t h e e x t r e m e sou t h e r n
bou n d o f I t a ly a n d a cor n e r of i t m a rks t h e b e gi n n i n g o f
t h e A pe n n in e mou n t a i n s I t s t r e t ch e s o u t lik e a t o n gu e
.

i n t o t h e A d ri a t i c S ea a n d s epa r a t e s i t from t h e Tyrrh e n i a n

w a t e rs I t ch a n c e d t o r e c e iv e i t s n ame in an ci e n t t im e s
.
 TH E G OT H I C H I STO R Y 95

from a Q u ee n B r u tt i a To t h i s pl a c e c a m e A l a ric ki n g o f
.
,

t h e Vi sigo t hs wit h t h e w e a l t h o f a ll I t a ly which h e h a d

,

t a k en as s p oil a n d from t h e r e a s we h a v e s a i d h e i n
, , ,

t e n d e d t o cr o s s ov e r by way o f Sicily t o t h e q ui e t l a nd o f
A f ric a B u t si n c e ma n i s n o t f re e t o do a n y t hi n g h e
.

wish e s wi t hou t t h e will o f Go d t h a t d r e a d s t ra i t su n k s e v

,

e r a l o f hi s shi p s a n d t hr e w a l l i n t o co n fusio n A l a ric wa s .

c a s t d ow n by his re v e rs e an d whil e d e lib e r a t i n g wh a t h e

,

shoul d do wa s su dden ly ov e r t ak e n by a n u n t im e ly de a t h
,

a n d d e pa r t e d from hum a n c a r e s H is pe o pl e mourn e d for

.

him wi t h t h e u t mos t a ff e c t io n Th e n t ur n i n g from i t s

cou rs e th e riv e r B u s e n tu s n e a r t h e ci t y o f C o n s e n t i a—f o r
.

t hi s s t r e am flows wi t h i t s whol e som e w a t e rs f rom t h e foo t

o f a mou n t a i n n e a r t h a t ci t y—t h ey l e d a b a n d o f c a pt iv e s
i n t o t h e mi d s t o f i t s be d t o dig o u t a pl a c e f o r his gr a v e .

I n t h e de pt hs o f t his pi t t h ey buri e d A l a ric t og e th e r wi th ,

m a n y t r ea sur e s a n d t h en t urn e d t h e w a t e rs b a ck i n t o
,

t h e ir ch a n n e l .An d t h a t n on e migh t e v e r k n ow t h e pl a c e ,

t h e y pu t t o d e a t h a ll t h e d igg e rs Th e y b e s t ow e d t h e .

ki n gdom o f t h e Visigo t hs o n Ath a v u l f his ki n sm a n a ,

a man o f im p osi n g b e a u t y a n d gr e a t s p iri t ; f o r t hough n o t

t a ll of s t a t ur e h e wa s d is t i n gui sh e d f o r b ea u t y o f f a c e
,

an d form .

XXX I Wh e n At h a v u l f b e c a m e ki n g h e r e t urn e d ,

a g a i n t o Rom e a n d wh a t e v e r h a d e sc a pe d t h e firs t s a ck
, DEEDS 0F
his Go t hs s t ri ppe d b a r e lik e locus t s n o t m e r e ly d e s poil KI N G ATH AVU LF ,

i n g I t a ly o f i t s p riv a t e w e a l t h bu t e v e n of i t s public ,

r e sourc e s . The Em pe ror H on orius wa s pow e rl e ss t o

r e sis t e v e n wh e n hi s si s t e r Pl a ci d i a t h e da ugh t e r o f t h e ,

Em pe ro r Th e o dosius by hi s s e co n d wi f e wa s l e d a w ay ,

c a pt iv e from t h e c i ty B u t At h a v u l f wa s a tt r a c t e d by h e r
.

n obili t y b ea ut y a n d ch a s t e puri ty
, a n d so h e t ook h e r t o,

wi f e in l a w ful m a rri a g e at Forum J u li i a ci t y o f A e mili a ,

.

Wh e n t h e b a rb a ri a n s l e a rn e d of t his a lli a n c e t h ey w e r e ,

t h e mor e e ff e ct u a lly t e rri fi e d S i n c e t h e Em p ir e a n d t h e

,

Go t hs n o w s e e m e d t o be m a de on e Th e n At h avu l f s et .
 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EED S O F T H E G O T H S

o ut fo r
G a ul l ea vi n g H o n orius A ugus t us s t ri ppe d o f his
,

w e a l t h t o be sur e y e t pl ea s e d a t h e a r t b e c a us e h e was
, ,

n o w a sor t o f kinsm a n o f his Upo n his a rri va l t h e

—
.

n e ighbori n g t rib e s who h a d lo n g m a d e cru e l r a i d s i n t o

G a ul—F r a n ks an d Burgundi a n s a lik e w e r e t e rrifi e d a n d

b e ga n t o k e e p w i t hi n t h e i r own bo r de rs N ow t h e .

V a n d a ls a n d t h e A l a n i a s we h a v e s a i d b e for e h a d be e n
, ,

dw e lli n g i n bot h P a n n o n i as by pe rmi ssio n o f t h e Rom a n

Empe rors Y et f e a ring t h ey woul d n o t be s a f e e v e n h e r e
.

i f t h e G o t hs should r et u rn t h e y cross e d ov e r i n t o G a ul
, .

B ut no lo n g t im e a f t e r t h ey h a d t a k e n poss e ssi o n of G a ul
t h ey fl e d t h e nc e a n d shu t t h e ms e lv e s u p i n S pa i n for t h e y ,

s t ill r ememb e r e d f rom t h e t a l e s of t h e ir for e f a t h e rs wh a t

rui n Ge be r i ch king o f t h e Go t hs h a d lo n g a g o brough t
, ,

o n t h e i r r a c e a n d h o w by hi s v a lo r h e h a d d riv e n t h e m
,

f rom t h e i r n a t iv e l a n d An d t hus i t h a ppe n e d t h a t G a ul

.

l ay o pe n t o At h a v u l f wh e n h e c a m e N ow wh e n t h e .

Go t h h a d e s t a blish e d hi s ki n g d om i n G a ul h e b ega n t o ,

gri e v e f o r t h e pligh t o f t h e S pa n i a rds a n d pl a n n e d t o

s a v e t h e m from th e a tt a cks o f t h e V a n da ls So At h a v u l f .

l e ft w i t h a f ew f a i t h ful me n a t B a rc e lon a his t r e a sur e s a n d

t hos e who w e r e u n fit f o r wa r a n d e n t e r e d t h e i n t e rior o f
,

S pa i n H e r e h e fough t fr e q u e n t ly wi t h t h e V a n d a ls a n d
.
,

in t h e t hi rd ye a r a f t e r h e h a d sub du e d G a ul an d S pa in f e ll ,

p i e rc e d t hroug h t h e groi n by t h e swo r d o f E u e r v u l f a ,

ma n wh o s e shor t s t a t ur e h e h a d b e en w on t t o mock A ft e r .

hi s de a t h S eg e r i c wa s a ppo i n t e d ki n g bu t h e t o o was sl a in
,

by t h e t r e a ch e ry o f hi s o wn men a n d los t bo t h hi s ki n g d om
a n d his li f e e v e n mor e q uickly t h a n At h a v u l f .

XXX I I Th e n V a li a t h e four t h from A l a ric wa s

, ,

ma d e ki n g a n d h e wa s a n e xc e e d i n g s t e r n a n d pru de n t
,

ma n Th e Em pe ro r H onorius s e n t a n a rmy a g a i n s t him

.

u n d e r Cons t a n t ius who wa s f am e d for his a chi e v e m e n t s

,

in wa r an d dis t i n guish e d i n m a n y b a tt l e s for h e f e a r e d ,

 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

f a ll e n i n t o a d is pu t e wi t h t h e Em pe ror Va l e n t i n i a n a n d
wa s a bl e t o ob t a i n r e v e n ge o n ly by i n j uri n g t h e Em pi r e .

S o h e i n vi t e d t h em urg e n t ly a n d brough t t h e m a cross t h e

n a rrow s t r a i t k n ow n a s t h e S t ra i t o f G a d e s sc a rc e ly s ev e n ,

mil e s wi de which d ivi de s A fric a from S pa i n a n d u n i te s

,

t h e mou t h o f t h e Tyrrh e n i a n S e a wi t h t h e w a t e rs o f

O c e a n G a is e ric s t ill f a mous i n t h e Ci ty for t h e dis a s t e r

.
,

o f t h e Rom a n s wa s a ma n o f mo d e r a t e h e igh t a n d l a m e
,

i n co n s e q u e nc e o f a f a ll f rom his hors e H e wa s a ma n .

o f d e e p t hough t a n d f e w wor d s hol d i n g luxu ry in di s ,

da in furious i n his a n g e r gr e e dy f o r g a i n shr e w d i n

, , ,

wi n n i n g ov e r t h e b a rb a ri a n s a n d skill e d i n sowi n g th e
s e e d s o f diss e nsion t o a rous e e nmi ty Such wa s h e who .
,

a s we h a v e s a i d c a m e a t t h e solici t ous i n vi t a t io n o f B o n i
,

f a c e t o t h e cou n t ry o f A fric a Th e r e h e r e ign e d for a .

long t im e r e c e ivi n g a ut hori ty a s t h e y s a y from Go d

, , ,

H ims e l f B e for e his de a t h h e summ o n e d t h e b a nd o f h i s

.

so n s an d or d a in e d t h a t t h e r e should be n o s t ri f e a mo n g
t h e m b e c a us e o f de sir e fo r t h e ki n g d om bu t t h a t e a ch ,

shoul d r e ign i n hi s o wn ra n k a n d ord e r a s h e surviv e d

t h e o t h e rs ; t h a t i s t h e n e x t you n g e r shoul d succ e e d his
,

e l de r bro t h e r a n d h e i n t urn shoul d be foll ow e d by his

,

j u n io r By givi n g h e e d t o t his comm a n d t h ey rul e d t h e i r

.
“

ki n gd om i n h a ppi n e ss for t h e s pa c e o f m an y y ea rs a n d
w e r e n o t d isgr a c e d by civil wa r a s i s usu a l a mo n g o t h e r ,

n a t io n s ; o n e a f t e r t h e o t h e r r e c e i v m t h e ki ng d om a nd
g
rul i n g t h e pe o pl e i n pe a c e .

N ow t hi s is t h e i r or de r o f succ e ssio n : firs t G a is e ric ,

who wa s th e f a t h e r a n d lor d n e x t H u n e r i c t h e t hi r d
.
, ,

Gu n t h a mu n d th e four t h Th r a s amu n d a n d t h e fi f t h
,
.
,

I l d e r i ch . H e wa s driv e n from h i s t hro n e a n d sl a i n

by Ge li me r who de s t roy e d his r a c e by d isr e ga r di n g
,

’
h i s a n c e s t o r s a dvic e a n d s e t t i n g u p a t yr a n n y B ut .

wh a t h e h a d d o n e d i d n o t r e m a i n u n punish e d f o r soo n ,

t h e v e n g e a n c e o f t h e Em pe ror Jus t ini a n was m a ni

f e s t e d a g a i n s t him Wi t h hi s whol e f a mily a n d t h a t

.
 T H E G OT H I C H IST O R Y

w e a l t h ov e r which h e glo a t e d l ik e a robb e r h e wa s t a k e n ,

t o Co n s t a nt ino pl e by t h at mos t r e n ow n e d w a rrior B e li

s a r iu s ,
M a s t e r o f t h e Sol di e ry o f t h e E a s t Ex Co n sul ,
-

O rd i n a ry a n d P a t rici a n H e r e h e a fford e d a gr e a t s pe c
.

t a cl e t o t h e p e o pl e i n t h e Circus H is r e pen t a n c e wh e n
.
,

h e b e h e ld hims e l f c a s t d ow n from his roy a l s t a t e c a m e ,

to o l a te H e d i e d a s a m e r e subj e c t a n d i n r e t i r e m e n t
.
,

t hough h e h a d form e rly b e e n u n willi n g t o s ubmi t t o p r i

v a te li f e Thus a f t e r a c e n t ury A fric a which i n t h e

.
,

d ivisio n o f t h e e a r t h s sur f a c e is r e g a r de d a s t h e t hir d

’

p a r t o f t h e world w a s d e,
l iv e r e d from t h e y ok e o f t h e

V a n da l s a n d brought b a ck t o t h e lib e r t y o f t h e Rom a n

Em pi re Th e co un t ry which t h e h a n d o f t h e h ea t h e n h ad
.

lo n g ag o cu t Off f rom t h e body o f t h e Rom a n Em pir e ,

by r e a so n o f t h e cow a r d ic e o f em pe rors a n d t h e t r e a ch e ry
o f g e n e r a ls wa s n o w r e s t or e d by a wis e p ri n c e a n d a
,

f a i t h ful l ea d e r a n d t o da y i s h a ppily flourishi n g A nd

-
.

t hough e v e n a f t e r t his i t h a d t o d e p lor e t h e mi s e ry o f

, ,

civil wa r a n d th e t r e a ch e ry o f t h e Moors y e t t h e t rium ph ,

of t h e Em pe ro r Jus t i n i a n vouchs a f e d him by Go d

, ,

brough t t o a pe a c e ful conclusio n wh a t h e h a d b e gu n B u t .

why n e e d we s pe a k o f wh at t h e subj e c t d o e s n o t r e q ui r e ?
Le t us r e t ur n to o u r t h e m e .

No w V a li a ki n g o f t h e Go t hs a n d his a rmy fough t so

, ,

fi e rc e ly a ga i n s t t h e V a n da l s t h a t h e w oul d h a v e p ursu e d
t h e m e v e n i n t o A fric a h a d n o t such a mis for t u n e r e c a ll e d
,

him a s b e f e ll A l a ric wh e n h e wa s s e tt i n g o ut for A fric a .

So wh e n h e h a d wo n gr e a t f a m e i n S pa i n h e re t u rn e d ,

a f t e r a bloo d l e ss vic t o ry t o Tolos a t ur n i n g ov e r t o t h e

,

Rom a n Em pi r e a s h e h a d promis e d a n umb e r o f p rov

, ,

i n ce s which h e h a d rid o f hi s fo e s A lo n g t im e a f t e r t his

.

h e wa s s e iz e d by sick n e ss a n d d e pa r t e d t his li f e Jus t a t .

t h a t t im e B e r e mu d t h e s o n o f Th o r i s mu d whom we h a v e
, ,

m en t i o n e d a bov e i n t h e ge n ea l o gy o f t h e f amily o f t h e
A m a l i d e pa r te d wi t h his s o n V e t e r ic from t h e O s t ro
,

go t hs wh o s t ill submi tt e d t o t h e o pp r e ssi on o f t h e H u n s

,
 1 00 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

in th e l a n d o f Scy t hi a a n d c a m e t o t h e ki n gd om o f t h e
,

Vi sigo t hs W e ll a w a r e o f h i s v a lor a n d n obl e bi rt h h e

.
,

b e li e v e d t h a t t h e ki n g do m woul d be t h e mor e r ea dily

b e s tow e d up o n him by his ki n sm e n i n a smuch a s h e wa s
,

k n o w n t o be t h e h e ir o f m a n y ki n gs A ri d who woul d.

h e si t a t e t o choos e o n e o f t h e A m a l i i f t h e r e w e r e a n e m pty
,

t hro n e ? B u t h e wa s n o t hims e l f e a g e r t o m a k e k n o w n
who h e wa s a n d so u po n t h e d e a t h o f V a li a th e Vi si
,

TH EODORI D I g o t hs m a de Th e o do r i d his succ e ssor B e r e mu d c a m e t o

.

4 19 -4 5 I
him a n d wi t h t h e s t r e n gt h o f mi n d for which h e wa s
,

n o t e d co n c ea l e d his n obl e bi r t h by p ru d en t sil e n c e

,
for h e ,

k n e w t h a t t hos e o f r o y a l li n e a g e a r e a lways dis t rus t e d by

ki n gs S o h e su ff e r e d hims e l f t o r e m a i n u n k n ow n t h a t
.
,

h e migh t n o t bri n g t h e e s t a bl ish e d o r de r i n t o c o n fusio n .

Ki n g Th eo do r i d r e c e iv e d him a n d hi s s o n wi t h s pe ci a l
h o n o r a n d m a d e him pa r t n e r i n his c ou n s e l s a n d a com
p a n i o n a t his bo a r d ; n o t for hi s n obl e bi r t h which h e ,

k n e w n ot bu t f o r h i s br a v e s pi ri t a n d s t ron g mi n d which
, ,

B e r e mu d coul d n o t co n c e a l
w
.

XXX IV An d h a t mor e ? V a li a ( t o r e pe a t wh a t we
h a v e s a i d ) h a d bu t li t t l e succ e ss a g a i n s t t h e G a uls bu t ,

wh e n h e d i e d t h e mor e fo rt u n a t e a n d pros pe rous Th e o

dor id succ ee de d t o t h e t hro n e . H e wa s a ma n o f t h e
gr e a t e s t mo d e r a t i o n a n d n o t a bl e f o r vig o r o f mi n d a n d
bo dy I n t h e co n sulshi p o f Th e od o sius a n d F e s t us t h e
.

R o m a ns brok e th e t ruc e an d t ook u p a rms a g a i n s t him in

G a ul wi t h t h e H u n s a s t h e i r a uxil i a ri e s F o r a b a n d o f
, .

t h e G a ll ic A lli e s l e d by Cou n t G a i n a h a d a r o us e d t h e
, ,

Rom a n s by t hr o wi n g Co n s t a n t i n o pl e i n t o a pa n ic N ow .

a t t h a t t im e t h e P a t rici a n A et i u s wa s i n comm a n d o f t h e

a rmy . H e was o f t h e br a v e s t M oe s i an s t ock t h e s o n o f ,

Ga u d en t i u s a n d bor n i n t h e ci t y o f D u r o s t o r u m H e wa s a .

man fi t t e d t o e n dur e t h e t oil s o f wa r b o r n e x pr e ssl y t o

,

s e rv e t h e Rom a n s t a t e ; a n d by i n flic t i n g crushi n g de f e a t s

h e h a d com pe ll e d t h e p rou d S u a v i a n d b a rb a rous Fr a n ks
t o submi t t o Rom a n sw a y . So t h e n wi t h t h e H u n s a s
,
.
1 02 J O R DA N ES : O RIGI N AND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

Thus h e p roc e e de d from t h e de s t ruc t io n o f his o wn kin

d r e d t o t h e m e n a c e o f a l l o t h e rs B ut t hough h e i n cr e a s e d
.

his p ow e r by t his sh a m e ful m e a ns y e t by t h e b a l a n c e o f

,

j us t ic e h e r e c e iv e d t h e hi de o u s co n s e q u en c e s o f hi s o wn
c ru e l ty No w wh e n his brot h e r Bl e da who rul e d ov e r
.
,

a gr e a t pa r t o f t h e H uns h a d b e e n sl a in by h i s t r ea ch e ry
, ,

A tt il a u n it e d a ll t h e pe opl e u n d e r his o wn rul e G a t h .

e ring a lso a hos t o f t h e o t h e r t rib e s which h e t h e n h e l d

u n de r his sw a y h e sought t o sub d u e t h e for emos t n at io n s

o f t h e worl d—
,

t h e Rom a n s a n d t h e Visigo t hs H is a rmy .

i s s a id t o h a v e n umb e r e d fi v e hu n d r ed t hous a n d men .

H e was a ma n bor n i n t o t h e world t o S h a k e t h e n a t io n s ,

t h e scourg e o f a ll l a n d s who in som e wa y t e rrifi e d a l l

,

m a nki n d by t h e dr e a d ful rum ors n ois e d a bro a d co n c e r n

ing him H e wa s h a ugh ty i n his w a lk rolli n g hi s ey e s
.
,
'

hi t h e r a n d t hi t h e r s o t h a t t h e pow e r o f his prou d s p iri t

,

a pp e a r e d i n t h e mov e m e n t o f his body H e wa s i n dee d

.

a lov e r o f wa r y e t r e s t r a i n e d i n a c t i o n
,
migh ty i n coun
,

s e l gr a ci ous t o su ppl i a n t s a n d l e n i e n t t o t hos e who w e r e

,

o n c e r e c e iv e d in t o his p ro t e c t io n H e wa s short o f s t a t
.

u r e wi t h a bro a d ch e s t a n d a l a rg e h e a d ; his e y e s w e r e
,

sm a ll hi s be a r d t hi n a n d s pri n kl e d w i t h gr a y ; a n d h e h a d
,

a fl a t n os e a n d a sw a r t hy com pl e xio n showi n g t h e e v i

,

d e n ce s o f his origi n A nd t hough his t e mpe r wa s such

.

t h a t h e a lw a ys h a d gr ea t s e l f co n fi d e n ce y e t his a ssur
-
,

a n c e wa s i n cr ea s e d by fi n d i n g t h e sword o f M a rs a lw a ys ,

e s t e e m e d s a cr e d a mo n g t h e ki n gs o f t h e Scy t hi a ns Th e .

hi s t o ri a n P r i s cu s s a ys i t wa s d iscov e r e d u n de r t h e fol
lowi n g circums t a n c e s : Wh e n a c e r t a i n sh eph e r d b e h e ld
o n e h e i f e r o f his flock lim p i n g a n d coul d fi n d n o c a us e

for t his wound h e a n xiously follow e d t h e t r a il o f blood

,

a n d a t l e n gt h c a m e t o a sword i t h a d u n wi t t i n gly t r a m pl e d

whil e n ibbl in g t h e gra ss H e d ug i t u p a n d t ook i t

.

st r a igh t t o At t il a H e r e j oic e d a t t his gi f t an d b e ing

.
,

a mb i t ious t hough t h e h a d b e e n a pp oin t e d rul e r o f t h e

,
 T H E G O T H I C H IST O RY

whol e world a n d t h a t t hrough t h e sword of M a rs sup r e

,

m a cy i n a l l w a rs wa s a ssur e d t o him .
”

XXX V I Now wh en G a is e ric king o f t h e V a n d a ls, ,

whom we m en t io n e d short ly b e for e l e a r n e d t h a t his mi n d

,

wa s b e n t on t h e de v a s t a t ion o f t h e w orl d h e i n ci t e d ,

At t il a by m a n y gi f t s t o m a k e wa r o n t h e Visigo t hs for ,

h e wa s a f r a i d t h a t Th e o do r i d king o f t h e Visigo t hs
, ,

would a v e n g e t h e i n j u ry do n e t o his da ugh t e r S h e h a d .

b e en j oin e d in w e dlock wi t h H u n e r i c t h e s on o f G a is e ric

, ,

a n d at firs t wa s h a ppy i n t his u n i o n B u t a f t e rw a r d s h e

.

wa s c ru e l e v e n t o his own chil d r e n a n d b e c a us e o f t h e

,

m e r e sus p icion t h a t s h e wa s a t t e m pt i n g t o poiso n him h e ,

c u t o ff h e r n os e a n d mu t il a t e d h e r e a rs H e s en t h e r .

b a ck t o h e r f a t h e r i n G a ul t hus d e s p oil ed o f h e r n a t ur a l
’

ch a rms S o t h e wr e t ch e d girl p r e s en te d a pi t i a bl e a s pe c t
.

e v e r a f t e r an d t h e cru e l ty which woul d s t ir e v e n s t r a n g

,

e r s s t ill m or e sur e ly inci t e d h e r f a t h e r t o v e n g e a n c e .

A t t il a t h e re for e i n his e ff or t s t o bri n g a b o u t t h e w a rs

, ,

lo n g a g o i n st iga t e d by th e brib e o f G a is e ric s e n t a mb a s ,

s a d o r s i n t o I t a ly t o t h e Em pe ror V a l e n t i n i a n t o s o w

s t ri f e b e t w e e n t h e Go t hs a n d t h e Rom a n s t hi n ki n g t o ,

sh a tt e r by civil d iscor d t hos e whom h e co ul d n ot c rush

i n b a tt l e . H e de cl a r e d t h a t h e wa s i n n o wa y viol a t ing
his fri e n dly r e l a t io n s wi t h t h e Em pir e bu t t h at h e h a d a ,

q u a rr e l wi t h Th e o d o r i d ki n g o f t h e Vi sigo t hs
,
AS h e .

wish e d t o be ki n dly r e c e iv e d h e fill e d t h e r e s t o f t h e

,

l e t t e r wi t h t h e usu a l fl at t e ring s a lu t a t io n s s t rivi n g t o win ,

cr e d e nc e f o r his f a ls e hood I n lik e m a n n e r h e d e s pa t ch e d

.

a m e ss a g e t o Th e o d o r i d ki n g o f th e Vi sigo t hs urgi n g
, ,

him t o br e a k hi s a lli a n c e wi t h t h e Rom a n s a n d r e mi n di n g

him o f t h e b a t t l e s t o which t h e y h a d r e c e n t ly provok e d
him B en ea t h his gre a t f e roci ty h e wa s a sub t l e man
.
,

a n d fough t wi t h cr a f t be for e h e m a d e wa r .

Th e n t h e Em pe ror V a l e n t i n i a n s e n t a n e mb a ssy t o th e
Visigo t hs a n d t h e i r ki n g Th eo do r i d wi t h t his m e ss a ge
,

“
B r a v e st o f n a t io n s i t i s t h e pa r t o f p ru de n c e f o r us t o
,
1 04 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

u n i te a g a i n s t t h e lor d o f t h e e a r t h wh o wish e s t o e n sl a v e
t h e whol e worl d ; wh o r e q ui r e s n o j us t c a us e f o r b a t t l e ,

bu t su ppos e s wh a t e v e r h e d o e s is righ t H e m e a sur e s .

his a mbi t io n by hi s migh t L ic e n s e s a t i sfi e s hi s pri d e

. .

D e s p isi n g l a w a n d right h e shows hims e l f a n e n e my t o

,

N a t ur e h e rs e l f An d t hus h e who cl ea rly i s t h e common

.
,

f o e o f e a ch d e s e rv e s t h e h a t r e d o f a ll
,
Pr a y r e m e mb e r .

wh a t yo u sure ly c a n n o t fo rg e t—t h a t t h e H u n s d o n o t
ov e rt hrow n a t io n s by m e a ns o f Wa r wh e r e t h e r e is a n ,

e q u a l ch a n c e , bu t a ss a il t h e m by t r e a ch e ry which i s a ,

gre a t e r c a us e f o r a nxi e t y To s ay n ot hing a bout o u r

.

n ff
s e lv e s c a you su e r such i sol nc e t o go u pu ish d
n e n n e ?
,

S i n c e yo u a r e migh t y i n a rms giv e h e e d t o vour o wn ,

da n g e r a n d j oi n h a n d s wi t h us i n common B ea r aid .

a lso t o t h e Em p ir e o f which y o u hol d a pa r t I f you '

, .

w oul d l ea rn h ow such a n a lli an c e shoul d be sough t a n d

we lcom e d by us look i n t o t h e pl a ns o f t h e f o e
”
.
.
,

By t h e s e a n d lik e a rgum e n t s t h e a mb a ss a dors o f V a

l e n t i n i a n p re v a il e d u po n King Th e o do r i d H e a n sw e r e d .

“
th e m s ay i n g :
,
Rom a n s yo u h a v e a t t a i n e d your d e sir e ;
,

y o u h a v e m a d e A t t il a our f o e a lso W e will p urs u e .

him wh e r e v e r h e summo n s us a n d t hough h e is p u ff e d ,

u p by his vic t ori e s ov e r d iv e rs r a c e s y e t t h e Go t hs know ,

h o w t o figh t t his h a ugh t y f o e I c a ll n o wa r da n g e rous

.

s av e o n e whos e c a us e is w e a k ; for h e f e a rs n o ill o n

Th e n obl e s shou t e d a ss e n t
”
whom M a j e s t y h a s smil e d .

t o t h e r e ply a n d t h e mul t i t ud e gl a d ly f ollow e d A ll w e r e .

fi e rc e f o r b a t t l e a n d l o n g e d t o m e e t t h e H u n s t h e i r f o e , .

An d s o a cou n t l e ss hos t wa s l e d fo rt h by Th eo do r i d ki n g '

o f t h e Visigo t hs who s e n t hom e four o f his so n s n a m e ly

, ,

F r i de r i ch a n d Eurich R e t e me r a n d H imn e r i t h t a ki n g
, ,

w i t h h i m o n ly t h e t wo e ld e r so n s Th o r i s mu d a n d Th e o ,

do r i d a s pa r t n e rs o f his t oil
,
O br a v e a rr a y sur e de.
,

f e n s e a n d sw ee t comr a de shi p h a vi n g t h e a i d o f t hos e who

,

d e ligh t t o sh a r e i n t h e s a m e da n g e rs !
1 06 J O R DA N ES : O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F TH E GO T H S

de n c e i n his o wn t r o o ps s o t h a t h e f e a r e d t o b e gi n t h e
,

c o n flict Whil e h e wa s m e d i t a t i n g o n fl ig h t—a gr e a t e r

c a l ami ty t h a n d e a t h i t s e l f —
.

h e de ci de d t o i n q uir e i n t o t h e
fu t ur e t hrough soo t hs a y e rs S o a s wa s t h e ir cus t o m
.
, ,

t h e y e x a mi n e d t h e e n t r a ils o f c a t t l e a n d c e r t a i n s t r e a ks in
bo n e s t h a t h a d b ee n scr a pe d a n d for e t ol d d is a s t e r t o t h e
,

H u n s Y e t a s a sligh t co n sol a t io n t h ey p r o ph e si e d t h a t
.

t h e chi e f comm a n d e r o f th e f o e t h e y w e r e t o m e e t shoul d

f a ll a n d ma r by his d e a t h t h e r e s t o f t h e v ict ory a n d t h e

t rium ph . No w A t t il a d e e m e d th e de a t h o f A et i u s a t hi n g
t o be de si r e d e v e n a t t h e cos t o f his o wn l i f e for A et i u s ,

s t oo d i n t h e way o f hi s pl a n s S o a l t hou gh h e was di s

.

t ur be d by t his p ro ph e cy y e t i n a smuch a s h e wa s a ma n
,

who sought cou n s e l o f om en s i n a l l w a rf a r e h e b eg a n ,

t h e b a tt l e wi t h a n xious h e a r t a t a bou t t h e n in t h hour O f

t h e d a y i n or d e r t h a t t h e im pe n d i n g d a rk n e ss migh t com e
,

t o his a i d i f t h e ou t com e shoul d be d is a s t rous .

X XX VI I I Th e a rmi e s me t a s we h a v e s a i d i n t h e , ,

C a t a l a u n i a n Pl a i n s Th e b a tt l e fi e l d wa s a pl a i n risi n g
.

by a sh a rp slo pe t o a ridg e whi ch bo t h a rmi e s sough t t o

,

g a i n ; f o r a dv a n t a ge o f posi t io n IS a gr e a t h e l p Th e . _

H u n s wi t h t h e i r fo rc e s s e iz e d t h e righ t si d e t h e Rom a ns , ,

t h e Visigo t hs a n d t h e i r a lli e s t h e l e f t a n d t h e n b e ga n a,

s t ruggl e f or t h e y et u n t a k e n cr e s t No w Th e o do r i d wi t h
.

t h e Visigo t hs h e l d t h e righ t wi n g a n d A et i u s wi t h t h e
Rom a ns t h e l e f t Th ey pl a c e d i n th e c e n t r e S an g iba n
.

( who , a s s a i d b e for e w a
, s i n comm a n d o f t h e A l a n i ) ,

t hus co n t rivi n g wi t h m ili t a ry c a u t io n t o surrou n d by a

hos t o f f a i t hful t roo ps th e ma n i n whos e l oy a l ty t h e y h a d
l i t t l e co n fi de nc e For o n e who h a s d i fficul t i e s pl a c e d in
.

t h e wa y of his fl igh t r ea d ily s ubmi t s t o t h e n e c e ssi t y o f

figh t i n g On t h e o t h e r si de how e v e r t h e b a t t l e li n e o f
.
, ,

t h e H uns wa s s o a rr a n g e d t h a t A t t il a an d his br a v e s t
follow e rs w e re s t a t i on e d i n t h e c en t r e I n a rr a n gi n g
.

t h e m t hus th e ki n g h a d chi e fly his o wn s a f e t y i n vi e w ,

si n c e by his posi t io n i n t h e v e ry mids t o f hi s r a c e h e

 T H E G O T H I C H IST O R Y

would be k ept o u t o f t h e way o f t hr e a t e n i n g d a n ge r .

Th e i n n um e r a bl e pe o pl e s of d iv e rs t rib e s which h e h a d ,

subj e c t e d t o his sw a y f orm e d t h e w i n gs Amid t h e m

,
.

wa s co n s picuous t h e a rmy o f t h e O s t rogot h s u n de r t h e

l e a de rshi p o f t h e bro t h e rs Va l a mi r Thi u dime r a n d Vi d i ,

me r n obl e r e v e n t h a n t h e ki n g t h e y s e rv e d fo r th e might
, ,

o f t h e f a mily o f t h e A m a li r e n d e r e d t h e m glorious Th e .

r e n ow n e d king o f t h e G epi d a e A r da r i c wa s t h e r e a lso , ,

wi t h a cou nt l e ss hos t a n d b e c a us e o f hi s gr e a t loy a l ty t o

,

A tt il a h e sh a re d his pl a ns For At t il a com pa ri n g t h e m

,
.
,

i n hi s wis d om p riz e d him a n d V a l a mir ki n g o f t h e O s t ro

, ,

go t hs a bov e a ll t h e o t h e r chi e f t a i n s
, V a l a mir wa s a .

goo d k e epe r o f s e cr e t s bl a n d o f s pe e ch a n d skill e d in

,

wil e s a n d A r d a r i c a s we h a v e s a i d wa s f a m e d for hi s
, , ,

l oy a l t y a n d wis d om A tt il a migh t w e ll f e e l sur e t h a t

.

t h e y woul d figh t a g a i n s t t h e V i sigo t hs t h e i r ki n sm e n , .

No w t h e r e s t o f t h e c rowd o f ki n gs ( i f we may c a ll t h e m
’
s o ) a n d t h e l e a d e rs o f v a rious n a t io n s hu n g u pon A tt il a s

n o d lik e sl a v e s a n d wh e n h e g a v e a sig n e v e n by a gl a n c e
, ,

wi t hou t a mu rmur e a ch s t oo d for t h i n f e a r a n d t re mb

ling o r at a l l e v e n t s di d as h e wa s bi d A tt il a a lo n e wa s
, .

ki n g o f a l l ki n gs ov e r a l l a n d con c e rn e d f o r a ll .

So t h en t h e s t ruggl e b e ga n f o r t h e a dv a n t ag e o f posi
t io n we h a v e m e n t io n e d A t t il a s e n t hi s me n t o t a k e t h e
.

summi t o f t h e mou n t a i n bu t wa s ou t s t ri ppe d by Th o r i s

,

mud a n d Aet i u s who i n t h e ir e ff or t t o ga i n t h e t o p O f t h e

,

hill r e a ch e d high e r grou n d a n d t hrough t hi s a dv a n t a ge

o f p osi t ion e a sily rou t e d t h e H u n s a s t h e y c a m e u p .

XXX I X N ow wh e n A t t il a s a w his a rmy wa s t hrow n

in t o con fusi o n by t his e v e nt h e t hough t i t b e s t t o e n co u r
,

a g e t h e m by a n e x t e m p or a n e ous a d d r e ss o n t his wi s e
“
H e re you s t a n d a f t e r co n q u e ri n g migh ty n a t io n s a n d
,

sub dui n g t h e worl d I t h e r e for e t hi n k i t foolish for me

.

t o go a d you wi t h wor d s a s t hough you w e r e men who ,

h a d n o t be e n p rov e d i n a c t io n
-
Le t a n e w l e a d e r or a n.

un t ri e d a rmy re sor t t o t h a t I t is n o t righ t f o r me t o .

 1 08 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

s ay an y t hi n g commo n nor ough t you t o li s t e n F o r wh a t

,
.

i s wa r bu t your usu a l cus t om ? O r wh a t is sw e e te r fo r a

bra v e man t h a n t o s ee k r e v e ng e wi t h his own h a n d ? I t is
a righ t o f n a t ur e t o glut t h e soul wi t h v en ge a n c e .

Le t u s t h e n a t t a ck t h e f oe e a ge rly ; f or t h e y a r e e v e r t h e
bol de r who m a k e t h e a tt a ck D e s p is e t his u n i on o f d i s .

cor d a n t r a c e s ! To d e f e n d o n e s e l f by a lli a n c e i s p roo f o f

cow a r d ic e S e e e v en b e for e o u r a tt a ck t h e y a r e smi tt e n
.
,

wi t h t e rr o r Th e y s e e k t h e h e igh t s t h ey s e i z e t h e hills
.
,

an d , r e pe n t i n g t o o l a t e cl amor f or p ro t e c t io n ag a i n s t
,

b a t tl e i n t h e o pe n fi e l ds Y o u k n ow how sligh t a m a t te r
.

t h e R om a n a t t a ck i s Whil e t h ey a r e s t ill g a t h e ri n g i n
.

or de r a n d forming i n o n e li n e wi t h lo ck e d shi e l d s t h ey ,

a r e ch e ck e d I will n o t s a y by t h e firs t w ou n d bu t e v e n
, ,

by t h e d us t O f b a tt l e Th e n o n t o t h e fr a y wi t h s t ou t
.

h ea rt s as i s your wo n t D e s pis e t h e i r b a t t l e li n e A tt a ck
, . .

t h e A l a n i smi t e t h e Vi sigo t hs !
, S e e k swi f t vic t ory i n
t h a t s p o t wh e r e t h e b a t t l e r a g e s For wh e n th e si n e ws .

a r e cu t t h e limbs soo n r e l a x n o r ca n a bo dy s t a n d wh e n ,

y o u h a v e t a k e n a w a y t h e bo n e s Le t your cour a g e ri s e .

a n d your o wn fury burs t f or t h ! No w S how y o u r cu n

n i n g H u n s n o w you r d ee d s o f a rms !
, ,
Le t t h e wou n d e d
e x a c t i n r e t ur n t h e d e a t h o f his f o e ; l e t t h e unwou n d e d

r e v e l i n sl a ugh t e r o f t h e e n e my N o s p ea r sh a ll h a rm .

t hos e who a r e sur e t o liv e ; a n d t hos e who a r e sur e t o d i e

F a t e ov e rt a k e s e v e n i n pea c e An d fi n a lly why should .

,

For t u n e h a v e m a de t h e H u n s vic t orious ov e r so m a n y

n a t io n s u n l e ss i t w e r e t o p r e pa r e t h e m f o r t h e j oy o f
,

t his co n flic t Who wa s i t r e v e a l e d t o o u r sir e s t h e

.

p a t h t hrough t h e M a eo t i a n sw a m p for so m a n y a g e s a ,

clos e d s e cr e t ? Who mor e ov e r m a d e a rm e d me n yi e ld

, ,

t o y o u wh e n you w e r e a s y e t u n a rm e d ? Ev e n a m a ss o f
,

f e de r a t e d n a t io n s coul d n ot e ndur e t h e s igh t o f t h e H u n s .

I a m n o t de c e iv e d i n t h e iss u e ; h e r e is t h e fi el d so m a ny
vic t ori e s h a v e p romi s e d us I sh a ll hurl t h e firs t s pe a r .

a t th e f o e I f a n y ca n s t a n d a t r e s t whil e A t t il a figh t s
.
,
I IO J ORDA N E S Z O R I GI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

th e en e my i n t h e da rk n e ss o f n igh t t hi n ki n g h e h a d ,

r e a ch e d his o wn li n e s A s h e wa s figh t i n g br a v e ly som e

.
,

o n e wound e d him i n t h e h ea d a n d d r a gg e d him from his

hors e Th e n h e wa s r e scu e d by t h e w a t ch ful c a r e o f hi s

.

foll ow e rs a n d wi t h dr e w from t h e fi e rc e co n fl ic t A ét i u s .

a lso b e c a m e s e pa r a t e d from his me n i n t h e co n fusi o n o f

n igh t a n d w a n d e r e d a bou t i n th e mi d s t o f t h e e n e my .

F ea ri n g d is a s t e r h a d h a pp en e d h e w en t a bou t in s e a rch
,

o f t h e Go t hs At l a s t h e r e a ch e d t h e c a m p O f hi s a lli e s
.

a n d pa ss e d t h e r e m a i n d e r o f t h e n igh t i n t h e pr o t e c t io n

o f t h e i r shi e l d s .

At da wn o n t h e follow i n g da y wh e n t h e R o ma n s ,

s a w t h e fi e l d s w e r e p il e d high wi t h bo di e s a n d t h a t

t h e H u n s d i d n o t v e n t ur e for t h t h e y t hough t t h e vic ,

t ory wa s t h e i rs bu t k n e w t h a t A tt il a woul d n o t fl e e f rom

,

t h e b a t t l e u n l e ss ov e rwh e lm e d by a gr e a t d is a s t e r Y et .

h e di d n o t hi n g cow a rdly lik e o n e t h a t is ov e rcom e bu t

, ,
-

wi t h cl a sh o f a rms sou n de d t h e t rum pe t s a n d t hr e a t

e n e d a n a tt a ck H e wa s l ik e a li o n pi e rc e d by hu n t i n g
.

s pe a rs who pa c e s t o a n d f r o b e for e t h e mou t h o f his

'

d en a n d da r es n o t s p ri n g bu t c e a s e s n o t t o t e rri f y th e
,
.

n e ighborhoo d by his ro a ri n g Ev e n so t his w a rlik e ki n g

.

a t ba y t e rrifi e d his co n q u e rors Th e r e for e th e Go t hs a n d

.

R om a n s a ss e mbl e d a n d co n sid e r e d wh a t t o do wi t h t h e
v a n q uish e d A t t il a Th ey d e t e rmi n e d to w e a r him o u t by
.

a si e g e b e c a us e h e ha d n o su pply of p r o visions an d wa s
,

hi n de r e d from a pproa chi n g by a show e r o f a rrows fr o m

t h e b o wm e n pl a c e d wi t hi n t he c o nfi n e s o f t h e Rom a n
c a m p B u t i t wa s s a i d t h a t t h e ki n g r e m a i n e d su p r e m e ly
.

br a v e e v en i n t his e x t r emi ty a n d h a d h e a pe d u p a f un e r a l
p yr e o f hors e s a d d l e s so t h a t i
, f t h e e n e my shoul d a t

t a ck him h e wa s d e t e rmi n e d t o c as t hims e l f i n t o t h e

,

fl a m e s t h a t n o n e migh t h a v e th e j oy o f wou n d i n g him

,

a n d t h a t t h e l or d o f so m a n y r a c e s migh t n o t f a ll i n t o

t h e h a n d s o f his fo e s .

XL I N ow duri n g t h e s e de l ays i n t h e S l eg e t h e Visi ,

 T H E G O T H IC H I ST O RY
’
go t hs sought t h e i r ki n g a n d th e ki n g s so n s t h e i r f a t h e r ,

w on de ri n g a t his a bs e n c e wh e n succ e ss h a d b e e n a tt a i n e d .

Wh e n a ft e r a lo n g s e a rch t h ey foun d him wh e r e t h e

, ,

d ea d l ay t hick e s t a s h a pp e n s w i t h br a v e me n t h ey h o n
, ,
’

or e d him wi t h so n gs a n d b or e him a w ay i n t h e sight o f

t h e e n e my . Y o u migh t h a v e s e e n b a n d s o f Got hs sh o u t
i n g wi t h d isso n a n t cri e s a n d pa yi n g ho n or t o t h e d e a d
whil e t h e b a t t l e s t ill r a ge d T e a rs we r e sh e d bu t such.
,

a s t h e y w e r e a ccus t om e d t o d e v ot e t o br a v e me n I t wa s .

d e a t h i n de e d bu t t h e H u n s a r e wi tn e ss t h a t i t wa s a
,

glorious o n e I t wa s a de at h wh e r e by on e might w e ll
.

su pp o s e t h e p ri de o f t h e e n e my woul d be low e r e d wh e n ,

t h e y b e h e l d t h e b o dy o f s o gr e a t a ki n g bor n e for t h wi t h
fit t i n g ho n ors An d so t h e Go t hs s t ill co n t i n ui n g t h e
.
,

ri te s du e t o Th e o do r i d bor e for t h th e roy a l m a j e st y wi t h

,

so u n d i n g a rms a n d v a li a n t Th o r i s mu d a s be fi tt e d a s o n
, , ,

ho n or e d t h e glorious s pi ri t o f hi s d ea r f a t h e r by f ollow
i n g his r e m a i n s .

Wh e n t his wa s d o n e Th o r i s mu d wa s e a g e r t o t a k e
,

v e ng e a n c e f o r hi s f a t h e r s de a t h o n th e r e m a i n i n g H u n s
’
,

b e i n g mov e d t o t hi s bo t h by t h e pa i n o f b e r e a v e m en t a n d
th e im puls e o f t h a t v a lor f o r which h e wa s n o t e d Y et .

h e co n sul t e d wi t h t h e P a t ri ci a n Aet i u s ( for h e wa s a n

-

Ol de r ma n an d o f mor e m at ur e wis d om ) wi t h re ga r d t o
wh a t h e ought t o do n ex t B u t Aet i u s f e a r e d t h a t i f t h e
.

H u n s w e re t o t a lly d e s t roy e d by t h e Go t hs t h e Rom a n ,

Em pi r e wou l d be ov e rwh e lm e d a n d urge n t ly a dvis e d him ,

t o r e t ur n t o his o wn d omi n io n s t o t a k e u p t h e rul e whi ch

his f a t h e r h a d l e f t O t h e rwis e h i s bro t h e rs migh t s e iz e
.

t h e ir f a t h e r s poss e ssio n s a n d ob t a in t h e p ow e r ov e r t h e
’

Vis igo t hs I n t his c a s e Th o r i s mu d wo ul d h a v e t o figh t

.

fi e rc e ly a n d wh at is wors e d is a s t rously wi t h his o wn

, ,

c ou n t rym e n Tho r i s mu d ac c e pt e d t h e a dvi c e wi t ho ut

.

p e rc e ivi n g i t s d oubl e m e a n i n g bu t follow e d i t wi t h a n ,

e y e t ow a r d his o wn a dv an t a g e So h e l e f t t h e H u n s a n d .

r e t ur n e d t o G a ul Thus whil e hum a n fr a il t y rus h e s in t o

.
1 12 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

s u s p1c 1o n , 1t o f t en l o s e s an o ppor t u n i t y of d oi n g gr e a t
t hi n gs .

In t his mos t f a mous wa r o f t h e br a v e s t t rib e s o n e h un

d r e d a n d six ty —
,

fi v e t hous a n d a r e s a i d t o h a v e b ee n sl a in o n
bo t h si de s l e a vi n g o u t o f a ccou n t fi f t e e n t ho u s a n d o f t h e
,

G ep i da e a n d Fra nks who met e a ch o th e r t h e n ight b e for e

,

t h e g e n e r a l e ng a g e m e n t a n d f e ll by woun d s mu t u a lly r e
ce i v e d t h e Fr a n ks figh t ing f o r t h e Rom a ns a n d t h e G e pi
,

da e f o r t h e H u n s .

N ow wh e n A tt il a l e a r n e d o f t h e r e t r e a t o f t h e Go t hs
h e t hough t i t a rus e o f t h e e n e my—f o r so me n a r e wo n t
,

t o b li
e e v e wh e n t h e un e px e c t e d h a ppe ns — a n d r e m a in e d

f o r som e t im e in his c a m p B u t wh e n a lo n g sil e n c e fol

.

low e d t h e a bs en c e o f th e f o e t h e s p iri t O f th e might y ,

ki n g was a rous e d t o t h e t h o u gh t o f vi c t ory a n d th e a n t ici

pa t i o n o f pl e a sur e a n d his mi n d t ur n e d t ot h e o l d or a cl e s
,

o f his d e s t i n y .

Th o r i s mu d how e v e r a f t e r t h e d e a t h o f his f a t h e r o n
, ,

t h e C a t a l a uni a n Pl a i n s wh e r e h e h a d fough t a dv a n c e d i n ,

roy a l s t a t e a n d e n te r e d Tolos a H e r e a l though th e t hro n g

.

o f his bro t h e rs a n d br a v e com pa n ions w e r e s t ill r e j 0 1c1n g

ov e r t h e vict ory h e yet b e ga n t o rul e so mil dly t h a t n o o n e

s t rov e wi t h him f o r t h e succ e ssion t o th e king dom .

XL I I B ut A tt il a t ook occ a sion fr o m t h e wi t h d ra w a l

o f t h e Visigo t hs Obs e rving wh a t h e h a d o f t e n d e sir e d
,

th at his e n e mi e s w e r e d ivid e d At l e n g t h f e e ling s e cur e

.
,

h e mov e d forw a rd his a rr a y t o a tt a ck t h e Roma n s As .

hi s firs t mov e h e b e si e ge d t h e ci t y o f A q uil e i a t h e me ,

t r opoli s o f V e n e t i a which i s si t u a t e d o n a p oi n t o r t o n gu e
,

o f l a n d by t h e A d ri a t ic S e a On t h e e a s t e r n sid e i t s w a lls
.

a r e w a sh e d by t h e riv e r Na t i s s a flowi n g from Moun t ,

h e si e g e wa s lo n g a n d fi e rc e bu t o f n o a v a il , ,
2 20

si n c e s t soldi e rs o f t h e Rom a n s w i t hs t o o d him

f rom wi t hin A t l a s t his a rmy wa s disco n t e n t e d a n d

.

e a g e r t o wi t hdr a w At t il a ch a n c e d t o be w a lki n g a round

t h e w a lls c onsid e ring wh e t h e r t o br e a k c a m p o r d e l a y
,
1 14 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EED S O F T H E G O T H S

he had dv a nc e d from b e yo n d t h e D a n ub e a n d depa r te d

a

wi t h t h e p romis e o f pe a c e B u t a bov e a l l h e de cl a re d a n d
.

a vow e d wi t h t hr e a t s t h a t h e woul d bri n g wors e t hings

u po n I t a ly u n l e ss t h e y s e n t h i m H o n or i a t h e sis t e r o f t h e
, ,

Em pe ror V a l e n t i n i a n a n d d a ugh t e r o f A ugus t a Pl a ci d i a ,

wi t h h e r du e sh a r e o f t h e roya l w e a l t h F o r it wa s s a i d .

t h a t H onori a a l t hough bo u n d t o ch a s t i ty for t h e ho n or

,

o f t h e im p e ri a l c o ur t a n d k e pt i n co n s t r a i n t by comm a n d

o f h e r br o t h e r h a d s e cr e t ly d e s pa t ch e d a e u n uch t o sum
,

mo n A t t il a t h a t s h e migh t h a v e his prot e c t io n a g a i n s t h e r

’
bro t h e r s pow e r ; a sh a m e ful t hing i n de e d t o g e t lic e n s e
, ,

for h e r pa ssio n a t th e cost o f t h e p ublic we a l i l

XL I I I S o A t t il a r e t ur n e d t o his o wn cou n t ry s e e m ,

i n g t o r e gr e t t h e pe a c e a n d t o be v e x e d a t t h e c e ss at io n o f
wa r F o r h e s e n t a mb a ss a d ors t o M a rci a n Em pe ror o f
.
,

t h e E a s t t hr e a t e ni n g t o d e v a s t a t e t h e p rovi n c e s b e c a us e
, ,

t h a t which h a d b e e n pr omis e d him by Th e o d osius a f o r ,

me r e m pe ror wa s i n n o wis e pe r form e d a n d s ay ing th a t

, ,

h e woul d S how hims e l f mor e c ru e l to his fo e s t h a n e v e r .

B u t a s h e was shr e w d a n d cr a f t y h e t hr e a t e n e d in o n e
,

d ir e c t io n a n d mov e d hi s a rmy i n a n o t h e r ; f o r i n th e
mi ds t o f t h e s e pr epa r a t io n s h e t u rn e d his f a c e t o w a r d s t h e
Visigo t hs who h a d ye t t o f e e l his v e n ge a n c e B u t h e r e .

h e h a d n o t t h e s a m e succ e ss a s a ga i n s t th e Rom a ns .

H a s t e n i n g b a ck by a d i ff e r e n t wa y t h a n b e fo re h e de ,

ci de d t o r e d uc e t o his sw a y t h a t pa r t o f t h e A l a ni which
wa s s e tt l e d a cross t h e riv e r L oir e i n or de r t h a t by a tt a ck
,

i n g t h e m a n d t hus ch a n gi n g t h e a s pe c t o f t h e wa r h e
, ,

migh t b e com e a mor e t e rribl e m en a c e t o t h e Vi sigo t hs .

A ccor d i n gly h e s t a r t e d from th e p rovi n c e s o f D a ci a a n d

P a n n o n i a wh e r e th e H u n s w e r e t h e n d w e lli n g wi t h v a ri
,

o u s subj e c t p e o p l e s a n d mov e d his a rr a y a g a i n s t t h e

,

A l a n i B u t Th o r i s mu d ki n g o f t h e Vi sigo t hs wi t h lik e
.
, ,

q uick n e s s o f t hough t pe rc e iv e d A t t il a s t rick

’
By forc e d .

m a rch e s h e c a m e t o t h e A l a n i b e for e him a n d wa s w e ll ,

pr e pa r e d t o ch e ck t h e a d v an c e o f A tt il a wh e n h e c a m e
 T H E G OT H I C H IST O R Y

a f t e r him Th ey j oi n e d b att l e in a lmos t t h e s a m e wa y a s

.

b e fore a t t h e C a t a l a uni a n Pl a i n s a n d Th o r i s mu d da sh e d ,

his ho p e s of vic t ory for h e rou t e d him a n d d rov e him

,

from t h e l a n d wi t hou t a t rium ph com pe lli n g him t o fl e e ,

t o his o wn coun t ry Thus whil e At t il a t h e f amous l e a de r

.
,

a n d lor d of m a n y vic t ori e s sough t t o blo t o u t t h e f a m e

,

o f hi s de s t r o y e r an d i n t his wa y t o a n n ul wh a t h e h a d
su ff e r e d a t t h e h an ds o f t h e Vi sigo t hs h e met a s e co n d ,

d e f e a t a n d r e t r ea te d i n gloriously N ow a f t e r t h e b a n d s .

o f t h e H u n s h a d b e e n r e p uls e d by t h e A l a n i wi t hou t a n y ,

hur t t o his o wn me n Th o r i s mu d de p a r t e d f o r Tol o s a

,
.

Th e r e h e e s ta blish e d a s e tt l e d pe a c e f or hi s pe o pl e a n d i n
t h e t hir d y e a r o f his r e ign f e ll S ick Whil e l e t t i n g bloo d .

f rom a v e i n h e wa s b e t r a y e d t o his de a t h by As ca l c a
, ,

cli e n t who t old his fo e s t h a t his w ea po n s w e r e ou t o f

,

r ea ch Y e t gr a sp i n g a foo t s t ool i n t h e o n e h a n d h e h a d
.
-

f re e h e b e c a m e th e a v e n ge r o f h i s o wn bloo d by sl ayi n g
,

s e v e ra l o f t hos e t h a t w e r e lying i n w a i t for him .

XL IV A f t e r h i s dea t h his bro t h e r Th e o do r i d suc ,

ce e d e d t o t h e ki n gdom o f t h e Visigo t hs an d soo n f ou n d

t h a t R i c i a r i u s his ki n sm a n t h e ki n g o f t h e S u a v i wa s
, ,

hos t il e t o him For Ri ci a r i u s p r e sumi n g o n his r e l a t io n

.
,

shi p t o Th e o do r i d b e li e v e d t h a t h e migh t s e iz e a lmos t t h e

,

whol e o f S pa in t hi n ki n g t h e d is t urb e d b e gi n n i n g o f
,

Th e o do r id s r e ign m a de t h e t im e o ppor t u n e for t his t rick

’
.

Th e S u a v i f orm e rly occu p i e d a s t h e i r coun t ry G a lici a a n d

L usi t a n i a which e x t e n d on t h e righ t si de o f S p a i n a l o n g
,

t h e sho r e o f O c ea n To t h e e a s t is A u s t r og o n i a t o t h e
.
,

w e s t o n a p romo n t ory is t h e s a cr e d Mo n um e n t o f t h e
, ,

Rom a n ge n e r a l Sci pi o t o t h e n or t h O c ea n a n d t o th e
, ,

sou t h L usi t a n i a a n d t h e T a gus riv e r which mi n gl e s ,

gol d en gr a i n s i n i t s s a n d s a n d t hus c a rri e s w e a l t h i n i t s

wort hl e ss mu d So t h e n R i c i a r iu s ki n g o f t h e S u a v i s e t
.
, ,

fort h a n d st rov e t o s e iz e t h e whol e o f S pa i n Th e o do r i d .

,

his ki n sm a n a ma n o f mo de r a t io n s e n t a mb a ss a dors t o
, ,

him a n d t ol d hi m q ui e t ly t h a t h e mus t n o t o n l y wi t h d r a w
1 16 J O R DA N ES : O RIGI N A ND D EE D S OF TH E GOT H S

from th e w e r e n o t his o wn bu t fur t h e r

t e rri t ori e s t h a t ,

mor e t h at h e shoul d n o t p r e sum e t o m a k e such a n a t te m pt ,

a s h e wa s b e comi n g h a t e d f o r his a mbi t ion B u t wi t h

.
.

“
a rrog a n t s p iri t h e r e p li e d : I f yo u mu rmur h e r e a n d
fi n d f a ul t wi t h my comi n g I s h a ll com e t o Tolos a wh e r e
,

y o u dw e ll R e sis t me t h e r e i f you ca n
. Wh e n h e h e a rd
,
.
”

t his Th e o do r i d wa s a n gry a n d m a ki n g a c o m p a c t wi t h
, ,

a l l t h e o t h e r t rib e s mov e d hi s a rr a y a g a i n s t t h e S ua v i
, .

H e h a d a s his clos e a lli e s Gu n di u ch a n d H i l pe r i c kings ,

o f t h e B urgu n di a ns Th ey c a me t o b a t t l e n e a r t h e riv e r
.

U l bi u s which flows b e t w e e n A s t u r i ca a n d H i be r i a a n d
, ,

in th e e n ga ge m en t Th e o do r i d wi t h t h e Visigo t hs who ,

fough t f o r t h e righ t c a m e off v i c t ori ous ov e r t hrowi n g

, ,

th e e n t i r e t rib e o f t h e S uav i a n d a lmos t e x t e rmi n a t i n g

’

t h em .Th e i r ki n g Ri c i a r i u s fl e d f rom t h e d r e a d f o e a n d
e mb a rk e d u p o n a shi p B u t h e wa s b e a t e n b a ck by a n
.

o t h e r f o e t h e a dv e rs e wi n d o f t h e Ty rrh en i an S ea an d
, ,

so f e ll i n t o t h e h a n d s o f t h e Visigo t hs Thus t h o ugh .

h e ch a ng e d from s e a t o l a n d t h e wr e t ch e d ma n d i d n o t ,

a v e r t his d e a t h .

Wh e n Th e o do r id h a d b e com e t h e vic t or h e spared t h e ,

co n q u e r e d a n d di d n ot su ff e r t h e r a g e o f co n flic t t o con
t i n u e bu t pl a c e d ov e r t h e S u a v i whom h e h a d co n q u e r e d
,

o n e o f his o wn r e t a i n e rs n am e d Ag r iv u l f ,
B u t Ag r i vu l f .

soon t r e a ch e rously ch a nge d hi s mi n d t hrough th e pe r ,

su a sio n o f t h e S u a v i a n d f a il e d t o fulfil his d ut y F o r

,
.

h e wa s q ui t e p u ff e d u p wit h ty r a n n ic a l p ri de b e li e vi n g ,

h e h a d ob t a i n e d th e p rovi n c e a s a r e w a r d f o r t h e v a l or
by which h e a n d his lord h a d r ec e n t ly subj uga t e d i t N ow .

h e wa s a man bo rn o f t h e s t ock of t h e V a r n i f a r b e low ,

t h e n obili t y of Go t hi c bloo d a n d so was n e i t h e r z ea lous ,

for libe r t y n o r f a i t hful t ow a r d his pa t ro n A s soon a s .

Th e o do r i d h e a r d o f t his h e d e s pa t ch e d a forc e t o c a s t him

,

out from t h e ki n g dom h e h a d usu rpe d Th e y c a m e .

q ui ckly a n d co n q u e r e d him i n t h e firs t b a tt l e inflic t ing a ,

p u n ishm e n t b e fi tt i n g hi s de e ds F o r h e wa s c a pt ur e d .
,
 1 18 J o RDA N E s : O RIGI N A ND D EE D S OF T H E GOT H S

No w Eurich ki n g ,
Vi sigo t hs pe rc e iv e d t h e f r e
of th e ,

q u e n t ch a n g e o f Rom a n Em pe rors a n d s t rov e t o hol d

G a ul by his o wn righ t Th e Empe ror A n t h emi u s h ea rd

.

of i t a n d a sk e d t h e B r i t t o n e s f or a i d Th e i r Ki n g .

Ri o t i mu s c a m e wi t h t w e lv e t hous a nd me n int o th e s t a t e
o f t h e B i t u r i g e s by t h e way o f O c e a n a n d wa s r e c e iv e d ,

a s h e d is e mb a rk e d from his shi p s Eurich ki n g o f t h e .

,

Vi sigo t hs c a m e a ga i n s t t h e m wi t h a n in n um e ra bl e a rmy
, ,

a n d a f t e r a lo n g figh t h e rou t e d R i o t i mu s ki n g o f t h e ,

B r i tt o n es b e for e th e Rom an s could j oi n him

,
S o wh e n .

h e h a d los t a gr e a t pa r t o f his a rmy h e fl e d wi t h a ll t h e ,

me n h e coul d ga t h e r t og e t h e r a n d c a m e t o t h e B urgu n ,

di a n s a n e ighbori n g t rib e t h e n a lli e d t o t h e Rom a n s B u t

, .

Eurich ki n g o f t h e Visigo t hs s e iz e d t h e G a lli c ci ty o f

, ,

A r v e r n a ; fo r t h e Em pe ror An th e mi u s wa s n o w d e a d .

E n ga g e d i n fi e rc e war wi t h hi s s o n i n l a w Ri ci me r h e - -
,

h a d wor n o u t Rom e a n d wa s hims e l f fi n a lly sl a i n by his

s on i n l a w a n d yi e l de d t h e rul e t o Olybr i u s
- -
.

At t h a t t im e A s pa r firs t o f th e P a t ri ci a n s a n d a f a mous
,

ma n o f t h e Go t hic r a c e wa s wou n de d by t h e swords o f

th e e u n uchs i n his p a l a c e a t Co n s t a n t ino pl e a n d d i e d .

Wi t h him w e r e sl a in hi s son s A r da bu r e s a n d P a t r i ci o l u s ,

t h e o n e long a P a t rici a n a n d t h e o t h e r s t yl e d a C a e s a r
,

a n d s o n i n l a w o f t h e Em p e ro r Le o No w Olybr i u s d i e d
‘

- -
.

b a r e ly e igh t m on t h s a f t e r h e h a d e n t e r e d u po n his r e ign ,

a n d Gl ce r i u s wa s m a d e C a e s a r a t R a v e n n a r a t h e r by
y , .

usurpa t io n t h a n by el ec t i o n H a rdly h a d a y ea r b e e n
_
.

e n d e d wh e n N e p os t h e So n o f t h e sis t e r o f M a rc e lli n us
, .
,

onc e a P a t rici a n d epo s e d him f rom his o ffic e a n d o r

,

d a i n e d him bisho p a t t h e Por t o f Rom e .

Wh e n Eurich a s we h a v e a lr ea dy sai d b e h e l d t h e s e
, ,

gr e a t an d v a rious ch a n g e s h e s e iz e d t h e ci ty o f A r v e rn a
, ,

wh e r e t h e Rom a n g e n e r a l E cdi ci u s wa s a t t h at t im e in
comm a n d H e wa s a s e n at or o f mos t r e n ow n e d f a mily
.

a n d t h e son o f A v i t u s a r e c e n t e m p e ror who h a d usurp e d

t h e r e ig n fo r a f e w d a ys —f o r Av i t u s h e l d t h e rul e f o r a
,

~
 T H E G OT H I C H I ST O R Y

f e w d a ys b e f or e Olybr i u s a n d t h e n wi t h dr e w o f hi s o wn
,

a ccor d t o Pl a c e n t i a wh e r e h e wa s or d a i n e d bisho p
, H is .

s o n E c d i ci u s s t rov e for a lo n g t im e wi t h t h e Visigo t hs ,

bu t h a d n o t t h e p ow e r t o p r e v a il So h e l e f t t h e cou n t ry
.

a n d ( wh a t wa s mor e im por t a n t ) t h e ci t y o f A r v e r n a t o

t h e e n e my an d b e t ook hims e l f t o s a f e r r e gio n s Wh e n .

th e Em pe ror N e p os h ea r d o f t his h e or de r e d E c d i c i u s ,

t o l e a v e G a ul a n d com e t o him a pp oi n t ing O r e s te s i n his

,

s t ea d a s M a s t e r o f th e Sol d i e ry This O r e s t e s t h e r e .

up on r e c e iv e d t h e a rmy s e t o u t from Rom e a ga i n s t t h e

,

e n e my a n d c a m e t o R a v e n n a H e r e h e t a rri e d whil e h e
.

m a de his s o n Romulus Au g u s t u l u s e m pe ror Wh e n .

N e p os l e a rn e d o f t his h e fl e d t o D a lm a t i a a n d di e d t h e r e
, ,

d e priv e d o f h i s t hro n e i n t h e v e ry pl a c e wh e r e Gly ce r i us

, ,

who wa s f o rm e rly e m pe ror h e l d a t t h a t t im e t h e bisho pric

,

o f S a lo n a .

XL V I No w wh e n A ug us tu l u s h a d b e e n a ppo in t e d
Em pe ror by h i s f a t h e r O r e s t e s in R a v en n a i t wa s n o t ,

lo n g b e for e O d o a c e r ki n g o f t h e To r ci lin g i i n v a d e d
, ,

I t a ly a s l e a de r o f t h e S e i ri t h e H e rul i an d a lli e s o f
, ,

v a ri o us r a c e s H e pu t O r e s t e s t o d e a t h d rov e h i s son
.
,

A u g u s tu l u s f rom t h e t hro n e a n d co n d e m n e d him t o t h e

pu n ishm e n t o f e xil e i n t h e C a s t l e o f L ucullus i n C a m pa n i a .

Th u s t h e W e s t e r n Em p i re o f th e Rom a n r a c e which ,

O ct av i a n u s A ugus t us t h e firs t o f t h e A ugus t i b e g a n t o

, ,

gov e rn i n th e s e v e n h u n d r e d a n d n i n t h y ea r from t h e
fou n di n g o f t h e ci ty pe ri sh e d wi t h t his Au g u s t u l us i n th e
,

fi v e hu n d r e d a n d t w e n t y s e co n d y e a r from t h e b e gi n n i n g
-

o f t h e rul e o f h i s pr e d e c e ss o rs a n d t hos e b e for e t h e m ,

a n d from t his t im e o n w a r d ki n gs o f t h e Go t hs h e l d R o m e

a n d I t a ly . M ea n whil e O do a c e r ki n g o f n a t io n s sub du e d
, ,

a l l I t a ly a n d t h e n a t t h e v e ry ou t s e t o f his r e ig n S l e w

Count B r a ci l a a t R a v e n n a t h a t h e migh t i n s p ir e a f e a r
o f hims e l f a mo n g t h e R o ma n s H e s t r e n gt h e n e d his
.

ki n gd om a n d h e l d i t f or a lmos t t hi r t e en y e a rs e v e n u n t il ,
 I 20 J ORDA N E s : O RIGI N A ND D EE D S OF TH E GOT H S

th e a ppe a a n r c e o f Th e odoric , of whom we sh a ll spea k

he re a fte r .

XL VI I B u t firs t l e t us r e t urn t o t h a t ord e r from

which we h a v e d igr e ss e d a n d t ell h ow Eurich ki n g o f t h e ,

Visigo t hs b e h e ld t h e t o tt e ri n g o f t h e Rom a n Em p ir e a n d
,

r e du c e d A r e l a t e a n d M a ssili a t o hi s o wn sw a y G a is e ric .
,

ki n g o f t h e V a n da ls e n t ic e d him by gi f t s t o do t h e s e
,

t hi n gs t o t h e e n d t h a t h e hims e l f migh t for e s t a ll t h e plo t s

,

which Le o an d Z e n o h a d co n t riv e d a ga i n s t him Th e r e .

for e h e s t irr e d t h e O s t rogo t hs t o l ay w a s t e t h e E a s t e rn

Em pire an d t h e Vi sigo t hs t h e We s t e r n f s o t h a t whil e his
fo e s w e r e b a tt ling i n bo t h e m pi r e s h e migh t hims e l f ,

r e ign pe a c e fully i n A fric a Eurich pe rc e iv e d t his wi t h.

gl a dn e ss a n d a s h e a lr ea dy h e l d a ll o f S pa in a n d G a ul
,

by his o wn righ t p roc e e d e d t o subdu e t h e Burgun d i a n s

,

a lso . I n t h e n i n e t e e n t h y e a r o f his r e ign h e wa s de p riv e d

Eu r i ch k i l l e d o f his l i f e a t A r e l a t e wh e r e h e t h e n dw e l t H e wa s suc
, .

4 85 c e e de d by his o wn s o n A l a ric t h e n i n t h i n s ucc e ssio n

,

from t h e f a mou s A l a ri c t h e Gr e a t t o r e c e iv e t h e ki n gdom

o f t h e Visi go t hs For e v e n a s i t h appe n e d to t h e lin e o f
.
.

t h e A ugu s t i a s we h a v e s t a t e d a bov e s o t o o i t a ppe a rs i n

, ,

t h e li n e O f t h e Al a ri c i t h a t kingdoms o f t e n com e t o an
,

e n d i n kings who b ea r t h e s a m e n a m e a s t hos e a t t h e

b egi n n i n g M e a n whil e l et us l e a v e t his s ubj e c t a n d

.
,

w e a v e t og e t h e r t h e whol e s t ory o f t h e origi n o f t h e Go ths ,

a s we p romis e d .

Th e D ivi de d Go t hs : O s t rogo t hs
XL VII I Si n c e I h a v e follow e d t h e s t ori e s o f my
a n c e s t ors a n d r e t ol d t o t h e b e s t o f my a bili ty t h e t a l e o f

th e pe riod wh e n bo t h t rib e s O st r o got hs a n d Visigo t hs , ,

w e r e u n i t e d a n d t h en cl ea rly t r e a t e d o f t h e Visigo t hs
,

a pa r t from t h e O s t ro o t hs I mus t n o w r e t ur n t o t hos e

g ,

a n ci e n t S cy thi a n a bo d e s a n d s e t for t h i n l ik e m a n n e r t h e

a n c e s t ry a n d d e e ds o f t h e O s t rogo t hs I t a ppe a rs t h a t a t .
1 22 J ORDA N E s : ORIGI N A ND D EE D S O F TH E GOT H S

the S u avi . wh en h e d i e d hi s s on Th o r i s mu d s u c
An d ,

cee d e d him in t h e v e ry bloom o f you t h

,
I n t h e s e co n d .

y ea r o f his rul e h e mov e d a n a rmy ag a i n s t t h e G epi da e

a n d won a gr ea t vic t o ry ov e r t h e m bu t is s a i d t o h a v e ,

b e en kille d by f a lling from his hors e Wh e n h e wa s de a d .

,

t h e O s t rogo t hs mour n e d for him so de e ply t h a t for for ty

y e a rs n o o th e r ki n g succ e e d e d in h i s pl a c e a n d d uri n g a l l ,

t hi s t im e t h e y h a d e v e r on t h e i r l i p s t h e t a l e of his me m
No w a s t im e w e n t o n V a l a mi r gr e w t o m a n s
’
o ry .
,

H e wa s t h e s o n o f Th o r i s mu d s cousi n V a n da
’
e s t ate .

la rius .For hi s s on B e r emu d a s we h a v e s a i d b e for e a t

, ,

l a s t gr e w t o de s pis e t h e r a c e o f t h e O s t rogo t hs b e c a us e o f
th e ov e rlor d shi p o f th e H u n s a n d so h a d follow e d t h e ,

t rib e o f t h e Visigo t hs t o t h e w e s t e r n cou n t ry a n d i t wa s ,

from him V e t e r i c wa s de sc e n d e d V e t e r i c a ls o h a d a s o n .

E u t h a r i c who m a rri e d Ama l a s u e n t h a th e da ugh t e r o f

, ,

Th e o d oric t hus u n i t i n g a g a i n t h e s t ock o f t h e A m a l i

,

which h a d d ivi de d lo n g a g o E u th a r i c b e ga t At h a l a r i c
.

a n d M a t h e s u e n th a B u t si n c e At h a l a r i c d i e d i n t h e
.

y e a rs o f h i s boyhoo d M a t h e su e n t h a wa s t a k e n t o Co n
,

s t a n t i n o pl e by h e r s e co n d husb a n d n a m e ly Ge r ma n u s a , ,

n e ph e w o f t h e Em pe ro r Jus t i n i a n a n d bor e a p os t humous ,

son whom s h e n a m e d G e rm a n n s
, .

B u t t h a t t h e or de r we h a v e t a k e n for our his t o ry ma y

r u n i t s d u e cours e we mus t r e t ur n t o t h e s t ock o f V an d a l
,

a rius which pu t for t h t hr e e br a n ch e s

, This V a n da l a r i u s .
,

t h e gr ea t gr a n d n e ph e w o f H e rma n a r i c a n d cousi n o f t h e
-

a for e s a i d Th o r i s mu d v a u n t e d hims e l f a mo n g t h e r a c e o f
,

t h e A m a li b e c a us e h e h a d b e go tt e n t hr e e so n s V a l a mi r ,

Th i u di me r a n d Vi d im e r O f t h e s e V a l a mi r a sc e n de d t h e
.

t hro n e a f t e r his pa r e n t s t hough t h e H u n s a s y e t h e l d t h e

,

p ow e r ov e r t h e Go t hs i n g e n e r a l a s a mo n g o t h e r n a t i o n s .

I t was pl e a s a n t t o b e hol d t h e co n cor d o f t h e s e t hr e e bro t h

e r s ; f o r t h e a d mi r a bl e Th i u d ime r s e rv e d a s a sol d i e r for

t h e e m pi r e o f his bro t h e r V a l a mi r a n d V a l a mi r b a de ,

ho n ors be giv e n him whil e Vi d im e r wa s e a ge r t o s e rv e

,
 THE GO TH I C H I S TORY

t h em bo t h Thus r e ga r di n g o n e a n o t h e r wi t h commo n
.

a ff e c t ion n o t o n e wa s wholly d e p riv e d o f t h e ki n g d om

,

which t wo o f t h e m h e l d i n mu t u a l pe a c e Y e t a s h a s .
,

o f te n b e e n s a i d t h e y rul e d in such a way t h a t t h e y t e

,

s pe c t e d t h e d o minio n o f A t t il a ki n g o f t h e H u n s I n de e d ,
.

t h e y coul d n o t h a v e r e fu s e d t o figh t a g a i n s t t h e ir ki n sm e n
t h e Visigo t hs a n d t h e y mus t e v e n h a v e commi t t e d p a rri
,

ci de a t t h e i r lo r d s comm a n d Th e r e wa s n o wa y wh e r e by
’
.

a n y S cy t hi a n t rib e coul d h a v e b e e n wr e s t e d fr o m t h e

p ow e r o f t h e H uns s a v e by t h e d e a t h o f, A tt il a — a n

e v e n t t h e R om a n s a n d a l l o t h e r n a t i o n s d e sir e d N ow his .

d e a t h wa s a s b a s e a s hi s l i f e wa s m a rv e llous .

XL I X Shor t ly b e f o r e h e d i e d a s t h e his t o ri an P r i s cu s ,

r e l a t e s h e t ook i n m a rri a ge a v e ry b e a u t i ful girl n am e d

,

I l di c o a f t e r cou n t l e ss o t h e r W iv e s a s wa s t h e cus t o m o f
, ,

his r a c e H e h a d giv e n hims e l f u p to e xc e ssiv e j o y a t

.

his w e d d i n g a n d a s h e l ay o n h i s ba ck h e a vy wi t h wi n e
, ,

a n d sl e e p a rush o f s u pe rfluous bloo d which woul d or d i

, ,

n a r i l y h a v e flow e d from his n os e s t r e a m e d i n de a dly ,

c ours e d ow n his t hro a t a n d kill e d him si n c e i t wa s h in ,

de r e d i n t he usu a l pa ss a g e s Thus d i d d ru n k e n n e ss pu t a .

d isgra c e ful e n d t o a ki n g r e n ow n e d i n wa r On t h e fol .

lowi n g day wh e n a gr e a t pa r t o f t h e mor n i n g wa s s pe n t

, ,

t h e roy a l a tt e n da n t s sus p e c t e d som e ill a n d a f t e r a gr e a t ,

u p ro a r brok e i n t h e do ors Th e r e t h e y fou n d t h e de a t h

, .

of A t t il a a ccom plish e d by a n e ffusio n o f bloo d wi t h o u t ,

a n y woun d a n d t h e gi rl wi t h d ow n c a s t f a c e w e e i n g
, p
b e n e a t h h e r v e il Th e n a s is th e cus t om o f t h a t r a c e
.
, ,

t h e y p luck e d o u t t h e h a i r o f t h e i r h ea d s a n d m a de t h e i r
f a c e s hi de ous wi t h de e p wou n d s t h a t th e r e n ow n e d wa r ,

rior might be mour n e d n o t by e ff e mi n a t e w a ili n gs a n d

-
,

t ea rs bu t by t h e bloo d o f me n
, M o r e ov e r a won d rous .

t hi n g t o ok p l a c e i n co n n e ct o n wi t h A t t il a s de a t h
’
For .

in a d r e a m som e g o d s t oo d a t t h e si de o f M a rci a n Em ,

p e r o r o f t h e E a st whil e h e wa s d is q ui e t e d a b o u t hi s
,

fi e rc e f o e a n d show e d him t h e bow o f A t t il a brok e n i n

,
1 24 J ORDA N E S Z OR I G I N A ND DEED S O F T H E G O T H S

t h at s a m e n igh t a s i f t o i n t im a t e t h a t th e r a c e o f H u n s
,

ow e d much t o t h a t w ea po n Thi s a ccoun t t h e his t ori a n .

P r i s cu s s a ys h e a cc e pt s u p on t ru t h ful e vi de n c e F o r so .

t e rribl e wa s A t t il a t hough t t o be t o gr ea t e m pi r e s t h a t
t h e go d s a n n ou n c e d his d ea t h t o rul e rs a s a s pe ci a l b o o n .

W e sh a ll n o t omi t t o s ay a f e w wor ds a bou t th e m an y

w a ys i n which h i s sh a d e wa s ho n or e d by his ra c e H is .

bo dy wa s pl a c e d i n t h e mi d s t o f a pl a in a n d l a y i n s t a t e
in a silk e n t e n t a s a sigh t f o r m e n s a dmir at io n Th e b e s t ’
.

hors e m e n o f t h e e n t ir e t rib e o f th e H u n s ro de a rou n d in

ci rcl e s a f t e r t h e m a n n e r o f ci rcus g a m e s i n t h e pl a c e
, ,

t o which h e h a d b e e n brough t a n d t o l d o f hi s de e d s i n a
“
fu n e r a l d i rg e i n t h e followi n g m a n n e r : Th e chi e f o f t h e
H u n s Ki ng A t t il a born o f his sir e M u n di u ch lord o f
, , ,

br a v e s t t rib e s sol e p oss e ssor o f t h e Scy t hi an a n d G e rm a n

r e a lms—pow e rs u n k now n b e for e —
,

c a pt u re d ci t i e s a n d
t e rrifi e d bo t h e m p ir e s o f t h e Rom a n worl d a n d a pp e a s ed ,

by t h e i r p r a y e rs t ook a n n u a l t ribu t e t o sa v e t h e r e s t f rom

,

plu n d e r An d wh e n h e h a d a ccom plish e d al l t his by t h e

.

f a vor o f fort u n e h e f e ll n ot by wou n d o f t h e f o e n o r

, ,

by t r e a ch e ry o f fri e n d s but i n t h e mi ds t o f hi s n at ion a t

,

p ea c e
, h a pp y i n his j y
o a n d wi t hou t s e n s e o f p a i n Who .

c a n r a t e t his a s d e a t h wh e n n on e b e li e v e s i t c a lls fo r
,

”
v e nge an c e ? Wh e n t h e y h a d m ourn e d him wi t h such
l a m e n t a t io n s a s tr a w a s t h ey c a ll i t wa s c e l e br a t e d ov e r
, , ,

h is t o mb wi t h gr e a t r e v e lli n g Th ey g a v e way i n t ur n t o.

'

t h e e x t r e m e s o f f e e li n g a n d d i s pl a y e d f u n e r e a l g r i e f a l te r
n a t i n g wi t h j oy
'

Th e n in t h e s e cr e cy o f night t h ey buri e d
.

his bo dy i n t h e e a rt h Th e y bou n d his co ffi n s t h e firs t .

,

wi t h gol d t h e s e co n d wi t h silv e r a n d t h e t hi r d wi t h t h e
,

s t r en g th o f i ro n showi n g by such m e a n s t h a t t h e s e t hr e e
,

t hi n gs sui t e d t h e migh t i es t o f ki n gs ; iro n b e c a us e h e

s ub du e d t h e n a t io n s gol d a n d silv e r b e c a us e h e r e c e iv e d
,

t h e ho n ors o f bo t h e m p i r e s Th e y a lso a d ded t h e a rms

.

o f fo e m e n wo n i n t h e figh t t r a ppi n gs o f r a r e wor t h , ,

s pa rkli n g wi t h v a rious g e ms a n d orn a m e n t s o f a l l sor t s ,

1 26 J O RD A N ES : OR I G I N A N D D EED S O F TH E GOT H S

r em a rk a bl e s pe ct a cl e wh e r e o n e migh t s ee t h e Go t hs
,

figh t i n g w i t h p ik e s t h e G e pi da e r a gi n g wi t h th e sword
, ,

t h e Rugi br e a ki n g o ff t h e s p e a rs i n t h e i r own wou n ds t h e ,

S u a v i figh t i n g on fo ot t h e H u n s wi t h bo ws t h e A l a n i
, ,

d r a wi n g u p a b a t t l e lin e o f h e a vy a rm e d a n d th e H e rul i
- -

o f ligh t a rm e d w a rriors
-
.

Fi n a lly a f t e r m a ny bi tt e r co n fl ic t s vic t ory f e ll u n ex

, ,

p e c t e d ly t o t h e G e p id a e F or t h e sword a n d co n s p ira cy
.

o f Ar d a r i c d e s t roy e d a lmos t t hi r t y t hous a n d me n H un s ,

a s w e ll a s t hos e of t h e o t h e r n a t io n s who brough t t h e m

aid . I n t his b a t tl e f e ll E l l a c t h e e ld e r s o n o f A tt il a
, ,

whom h i s f a t h e r is s a i d t o h a v e lov e d so much m o r e t h a n

a l l t h e r e s t t h a t h e p r e f e rr e d him t o a n y chil d o r e v e n t o

a l l t h e chil d r e n o f h i s ki n g d om B u t for t u n e wa s n o t i n
.

’
a ccor d w i t h hi s f a t h e r s wi sh F o r a f te r sl a yi n g m a n y
.

o f th e f o e i t a ppe a rs t h a t h e me t hi s d ea t h so br a v e ly
,

t h a t i f hi s f a t h e r h a d liv e d h e woul d h a v e r e j oic e d a t hi s

,

glorious e n d Wh e n E ll ac wa s sl a i n hi s r e ma i n i n g
.
,

br o t h e rs w e r e pu t t o fligh t n ea r t h e shor e o f t h e S e a o f
Po n t us wh e re we h a v e s a id t h e Go t hs firs t s e tt l e d Th us
, .

d i d t h e H u n s giv e wa y a r a c e t o which me n t hough t th e

,

whol e worl d mus t yi e l d So b a n e ful a t hi n g i s d ivision

.
,

t h a t t h e y wh o us e d t o i n s p i r e t e rr or wh e n t h e i r s t r e n g t h

wa s u n i t e d w e r e ov e rt hrow n s e pa r at e ly Th e c a us e o f
, .

A r da r i c ki n g o f t h e G e p i d a e wa s fo r t u n a t e for t h e v a
, ,

rio n s n a t io n s who w e r e unwilli n gly subj e c t t o t h e rul e

o f th e H un s fo r i t r a is e d t h e i r lo n g d ow n c a st s pi ri t s t o
,

t h e gl a d ho p e o f fr e e d om M a ny s en t a mb a ss a do rs t o
.

t h e Rom a n t e rri t ory wh e r e t h e y w e r e mos t gr a ciously

,

r e c e iv e d by M a rci a n who was t h e n e m pe ro r a n d t ook t h e

, ,

a bo d e s a ll o t t e d t h e m t o dw e ll i n B u t t h e G e pi da e by t h e i r
.

o wn migh t wo n f o r t h e ms e lv e s t h e t e rri t ory o f t h e H u n s

a n d rul e d a s vic t ors ov e r t h e e x t e n t o f a ll D a ci a d e m a n d ,

ing o f t h e Rom a n Em pi r e n o t hi n g mor e t h a n pe a c e a n d

a n a n n u a l gi f t a s a pl e dg e o f t h e i r fri e n d ly a ll i an c e This .

t h e Em pe ror fr e e ly gr a n t e d a t t h e t im e a n d t o t hi s da y ,
 T H E GO T H I C H I ST O R Y

t hat ra c e r e c ei v e s i t s cus t o m a ry gi f t s f rom t h e Rom an

Em pe ro r .

N ow wh e n t h e Got hs s aw t h e G ep id a e d e f e n d i n g f o r
t h e ms e lv e s t h e t e rri t ory o f t h e H uns a n d t h e pe opl e o f ,

t h e H u n s d w e lli n g a g a i n in t h e i r a n c i en t a bod e s t h e y ,

p r e f e rr e d t o a s k f o r l a n ds from t h e Rom a n Em pir e ,

r at h e r t h an i n v a d e t h e l a n ds o f o t h e rs wi t h d a nge r t o
t h e ms e lv e s So t h e y re c e iv e d P an no n i a which s t r et ch e s
.
,

in a lo n g pl a i n b e i n g bo u n d e d on t h e e a s t by Uppe r
,

Mo e si a on t h e s ou t h by D a lm at i a on th e w e s t by N o ri
, ,

cum a n d on t h e n or t h by t h e D a n u be This l a n d i s .

a dorn e d wi t h m a n y ci t i e s t h e first o f which i s Sirmium,

a n d t h e l a s t Vi n d obo n a B u t th e S a u r o ma t a e whom we
.

-
,

c a ll S a rm at i a ns an d t h e Cema n dr i a n d c e rt a i n o f t h e
,

H uns dw e l t i n C a s t r a M a r t is a ci t y giv e n t h em i n t h e ,

r e gi on o f I lly r i ci u m O f t hi s r a c e wa s B liv i l a D uk e o f
.
,

P e n t apolis a n d his bro t h e r F r o i l a a n d a l so B e ss a a P a t ri

, ,

ci a n in o u r t im e Th e S e iri mor e ov e r an d t h e S a da g a r i i
.
, ,

an d c e r t a in o f t h e A l a n i wi t h t h e i r l e a d e r Can da c by ,

n a m e re c e iv e d Scy t hi a M i n or a n d L ow e r Mo e si a P a ri a
, .
,

th e f a t h e r o f my f a t h e r A l an o v ii a mu t h ( t h a t i s t o s ay ,

my gr a nd f a t h e r ) was s e cr e t a ry t o t his Ca n da c a s long

,

a s h e liv e d To his sis t e r s s o n Gu n t hig i s a l so c a ll ed

.
’
,

B a z a t h e M a s t e r o f t h e Sol d i e ry wh o wa s t h e s o n o f
, ,

An da g t h e s o n o f A n de l a wh o wa s de sc e n de d f rom t h e ,

st ock o f t h e A m a li I a ls o Jo r da n e s a lt hough a n u m
, , , J ORDA N ES
l e a rn e d man b e f or e my co n v e rsion wa s s e cr e t a ry Th e , .

Rugi how e v e r a n d s om e o th e r r a c e s a sk e d t h a t t he y
, ,

migh t inh abi t B i zy e a n d Ar ca di Op ol i s H e rn ac t h e -

.
,

y ounge r s o n o f A tt il a wi t h hi s follow e rs chos e a hom e

, ,

i n th e m o s t dis t a n t pa rt o f L e ss e r Scy t hi a E mn e t z u r a n d .

U l tz i n du r ki n sm e n o f his wo n O e s cu s a n d Ut us a n d
, ,

A lmus in D a ci a o n t h e ba n k o f t h e D a n ub e a n d m an y o f ,

th e H uns t h e n sw a rmi n g e v e rywh e r e b e t ook t h e ms e lv e s

, ,

i n t o Rom a n i a a n d f rom t h e m t h e S a cr omo n t i s i an d t h e

,

F o s s a t i s i i o f t his day a r e s a i d to be de sc e n de d .
 1 28 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E GO T H S

B i s h o p U l fi l as
L I Th e r e w e r e o th e r Go t hs a lso c a ll e d t h e L e ss e r ,
a bou t 3 1 1 - 3 8 1
,

a gr e a t p e o l e whos e p ri e s t an d
p p rim a t e wa s V u l fi l a wh o ,

i s s a i d t o h a v e t a ugh t t h e m t o wri te An d t o day t h ey .

-

a r e i n Mo e si a i n h a bi t i n g th e Ni co p ol i t a n r e gi o n a s f ar
,

a s t h e b a s e o f Mou n t H a e mus Th e y a r e a num e rous

.

p e o pl e bu t p oor a n d unw a rlik e rich i n n o t hing s a v e

, ,

fl ocks o f v a rious ki n d s a n d pa s t ur e l a n d s f o r c att l e a n d -

fore s t s f o r woo d Th e i r coun t ry is n o t frui t ful i n wh e a t

.

a n d o t h e r sor t s o f gr a in Som e o f t h e m do n o t k n ow
.

t h a t vi n e y a r d s e xis t e ls e wh e r e an d t h e y buy t h e i r wi n e
,

f rom n e ighbori n g cou n t ri e s B ut mos t of t h e m d ri n k.

rn flk .

LII Le t us now r e t ur n t o th e t rib e wi t h which we

s t a rt e d n a m e ly t h e O s t rogo t hs who w e re d w e lli n g i n
, ,

P a n n o n i a und e r t h e i r ki n g V a l a mir a n d hi s br o t h e rs Thi

u di me r a n d Vi d im e r A l t hough t h e i r t e rri t ori e s w e r e
.

s e pa r a t e y e t ,t h e i r p l a ns w e r e o n e F o r V a l a mir d w e l t
.

b et w e e n t h e riv e rs S ca rn i un ga a n d A q u a N igr a Th i u di ,

me r n e a r L a k e F e lso a n d Vi d im e r b e t w e e n t h e m bo t h .

N ow i t h a ppe n e d t h a t t h e so n s of A t t il a r ega r d i n g t h e ,

Go t hs a s d e s e r t e rs from t h e ir rul e c a m e ag a i n s t t h e m a s ,

t hough t h e y w e r e s e e ki n g fugi t iv e sl a v e s a n d a t t a ck e d ,

V a l a mi r a lo n e wh e n his bro t h e rs k n e w n o t hi n g o f i t H e
,
.

s u s t a i n e d t h e ir a t t a ck t hough h e h a d bu t f e w suppor t e rs
, ,

a n d a f t e r h a r a s s mg t h e m a lo n g t im e so u tt e rly ov e r ,

wh e lm e d t h e m t h a t sc a rc e ly a n y por t i o n of t h e e n e my '

rem a i n e d Th e r e m n a n t t ur n e d i n fligh t a n d sough t

.

t h e pa rt s o f Scy t hi a whi ch bor d e r o n t h e s t r ea m o f t h e

riv e r D a n a pe r which t h e H u n s c a ll i n t h e ir o wn t o n gu e
,

the V ar Th e r e u pon h e s e n t a m e ss e n ge r o f goo d t i d i n gs

.

t o hi s bro t h e r Th i u di me r a n d o n t h e v e ry d a y t h e me s
,

s e ng e r a rriv e d h e fou n d e v e n gr e a t e r j oy i n t h e hous e o f

Th i u dime r F o r o n t h a t da y his s o n Th e o d oric wa s bor n

. ,

o f a co n cubin e E r e li e v a i n d e e d a n d y e t a chil d o f goo d

,

h o pe .
 1 30 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

t he f ew
who s t ill s e e m e d to h a v e r e m a i n e d und e r his
s w ay n a m e ly
, t h e U l t z i n z u r e s t h e An g i sc i r i t h e Bi t t u
, , ,

gur e s a n d t h e B a r do r e s Comi n g t o B as s i a n a a ci t y o f
.
,

P a n n o n ia h e b e l e a gu e r e d i t a n d b e g a n t o plu n de r i ts t e rri
,

t ory Th e n t h e Go t hs a t o n c e a b a n do n e d t h e e x pe d i t io n
.

t h e y h a d pl a n n e d a g a i n s t t h e S a da g i s t ur n e d u po n th e ,

H u n s a n d d rov e t h e m s o i n gloriously from t h e ir o wn

l a n d t h a t t hos e who r e m a i n e d h a v e b e e n i n d r e a d o f t h e
a rms o f t h e Go t hs from t h a t t im e d ow n t o t h e p r e s e n t

da y .

Wh e n t h e t rib e o f th e H u n s wa s a t l a s t sub du e d by t h e
Go t hs H u n i mu n d chi e f o f t h e S u av i wh o wa s crossi n g
, , ,

ov e r t o plu n de r D a lm a t i a c a rri e d o ff som e c a tt l e o f t h e,

Go t hs which w e r e s t r aying o v e r t h e pl a i n s f o r D a lm a t i a .

wa s n e a r S u a v i a a n d n o t f a r d i s t a n t f rom t h e t e rri t ory

o f Pan n on i a e s p e ci a lly t h a t p a rt wh e r e t h e Go t hs w e r e
,

t h e n s t a yi n g S o t h e n a s H u n i mu n d wa s r e t ur ni n g
.
,

wi t h t h e S ua v i t o hi s o wn cou n t ry a f t e r h e h a d d e ,

v a s t a t e d D a lm a t i a Thi u d i me r t h e bro t h e r o f V a l a mi r
,

ki n g o f t h e Go t hs k ept w a t ch o n t h e i r li n e o f m a rch
,
.

No t t h a t h e gri e v e d s o much ov e r t h e loss o f his c a t t l e ,

bu t h e f e a r e d t h a t i f t h e S u a v i ob ta i n e d t his plu n de r wi t h
impu n i ty t h ey woul d p roc e e d t o gre a t e r l ic e n s e S o i n
,
.

t h e d ea d o f n igh t whil e t h e y w e r e a sl e e p h e m a de a n
, ,

u n e x pe c t e d a t t a ck u po n t h e m n e a r L a k e F e lso H e r e h e , .

s o com pl e t e ly crush e d t h e m t h a t h e t o ok c a pt iv e a n d s e n t
i n t o sl a v e ry u n de r t h e Go t hs e v e n H u n i mu n d t h e i r ki n g , ,

a n d a l l o f his a rmy who h a d e sc a p e d t h e swor d Y et .

a s h e wa s a gr ea t lov e r o f m e rcy h e gra n t e d pa r d on ,

a f t e r t a ki n g v e n g ea n c e a n d b e c a m e r e co n cil e d t o t h e
S u av i H e a do pt e d a s his s o n th e s a m e ma n whom h e
.

h a d t a k e n c a pt iv e a n d s e n t him b a ck wi t h his foll o w e rs

,

i n t o S u av ia B u t H u n i mu n d wa s u n mi n d ful o f hi s
.
'

’
a d o pt e d f a t h e r s ki n dn e ss A f t e r som e t im e h e brough t
.

for t h a pl o t h e h a d c o n t riv e d a n d a rous e d t h e t rib e o f t h e

S ci r i wh o t h e n d w e l t a bov e t h e D a n ub e a n d a bod e pe a c e
,
 T H E G O T H I C H I ST O R Y

a bly wi t h t h e Go ths S o t h e S e i ri b rok e o ff t h e ir a lli a n c e

.

wi t h t h e m t ook u p a rms j oi n e d t h e ms e lv e s t o H u n imun d

, ,

a n d w e n t o u t t o a t t a ck t h e r a c e o f t h e Go t hs Thus wa r .

c a m e Upo n t h e Go t hs who w e r e e xp e c t i n g n o e vil b e c a us e ,

t h ey r e li e d u p o n bo t h o f t h e i r n e ighbors a s fri e n d s Co n .

s t r a i n e d by n e c e s si t y t h ey t ook up a rms a n d a v e n g e d
t h e ms e lv e s a n d t h e i r i n j uri e s by r e cours e t o b a t t l e In .

t his b a t t l e a s Ki n g V a l a mir ro de o n hi s hors e b e for e t h e

,

li n e t o e n cour a g e hi s men t h e hors e wa s w o u n d e d a n d

,

f e ll ov e rt hrowi n g i t s ri d e r V a l a mi r wa s q uickly pi e rc e d
, .

’
by his e n e mi e s s pe a rs a n d sl a i n Th e r e up o n th e Go t hs .

p roc e e d e d t o e x a c t v e n g e a n c e for t h e d e a t h o f t h e i r ki n g ,

a s w e ll a s f o r t h e i n j ury d o n e t h e m by t h e r e b e ls Th ey .

fough t i n such wis e t h a t t h e r e r e m a i n e d o f a l l t h e r a c e o f

t h e S c i r i o n ly a f e w who bor e t h e n a m e a n d t h e y wi t h ,

d isgr a c e . Thus w e re a l l de s t roy e d .

L IV Th e ki n gs [ o f th e S u av i ] H u n imu n d a n d ,

A l a ric f e a ri n g th e d e s t ruc t ion t h a t h a d com e u po n t h e

,

S ci r i n e x t m a d e wa r u p o n t h e Go ths r e lyi n g u p o n th e
, ,

a i d o f t h e S a rm a t i a n s who h a d com e t o t h e m a s au x il i
,

a ri e s wi t h t h e ir kings B e uca a n d B a b a i Th ey summon e d

.

t h e l a s t r e m n a n t s o f t h e S c i r i wi t h E di ca a n d H u n u u l f
, ,

t h e i r C hi e f t a i n s t hi n ki n g t h e y woul d figh t t h e mor e d e s

,

pe r a t e ly t o a v e ng e t h e ms e lv e s Th e y h a d o n t h e i r sid e
.

t h e G e p id a e a lso a s w e ll a s n o sm a ll r e e n fo rc em e n t s fr o m
,

t h e r a c e o f t h e Rugi a n d from o t h e rs g at h e r e d h e r e
an d the r e . Thus t h e y brough t t og e t h e r a gr e a t hos t a t
t h e riv e r Boli a i n P a n n o n i a a n d e n c a m pe d t h e r e N ow .

wh e n V a l a mir wa s de a d t h e Go t hs fl e d t o Thi u dime r

, ,

hi s bro t h e r A l t hough h e h a d l on g rul e d a l on g wi t h his

.

bro t h e rs y e t h e t ook t h e i n sign i a o f his i n cre a s e d a u t hor

,

i ty a n d summo n c d his young e r b rot h e r Vi d im e r a n d

-

sh a r e d wi t h him t h e c a r e s o f wa r r e sor t i n g t o a rms u n de r

,

com pulsio n A ba t t l e was f ough t a n d t h e pa r ty o f t h e

.

Go t hs wa s fou n d t o be so much t h e s t r o n g e r t h a t t h e
p l a i n w a s d r e n ch e d i n t h e bl oo d o f t h e i r f a ll e n fo e s a n d
I 32 J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

look e d lik e a cr i mso n s e a W e a po n s a n d corps e s pil e d

.
,

u p l ik e hills cov e r e d t h e pl a i n for mor e t h a n t e n mil e s

,
.

Wh e n t h e Go t hs s a w t his t h ey r e j oic e d wi t h joy u n s pe a k

.
,

a bl e ,
b e c a u s e by t hi s gr e a t sl a ugh t e r o f t h e ir f o e s t h e y
h a d a v e n g e d t h e bloo d o f V a l a mi r t h e i r ki n g a n d t h e
i n j ury d o n e t h e ms e lv e s B u t t hos e of t h e i n n um e r a bl e
.

a n d mot l e y t hro n g o f t h e f o e who w e r e a bl e t o e sc a pe ,

t hough t h e y g o t a w a y n e v e r t h e l e ss c a m e t o t h e ir o wn
,

l a n d wi t h di fficul ty a n d wi t hou t glory .

L V A f t e r a c e r t a i n t im e wh e n t h e wi n t ry cold was ,

a t h a n d t h e riv e r D a n ub e wa s froz e n ov e r a s usu a l

,
For .

'

a riv e r l ik e t his fr e e z e s so h a r d t h a t i t will s u pp or t l ik e -

a soli d rock a n a rmy o f foo t sol d i e rs a n d w a go n s a n d

—
-

sl e dg e s an d wh a t so e v e r v e hicl e s t h e r e may be n o r is
t h e r e n e e d o f ski ff s a n d bo a t s So wh e n Thi u di me r ki n g
.
,

o f t h e G o t hs s a w t h a t i t wa s froz e n
,
h e l e d his a rmy ,

a cross t h e D a n ub e an d a ppea r e d u n e x pe c t e d ly t o t h e S u a v i

f rom t h e r e a r No w t hi s cou n t r y o f t h e S u a v i h a s o n t h e
.

e a s t t h e B a i o v a r i o n t h e w e s t t h e Fr a n ks o n t h e sou t h t h e
, ,

B urgun d i a n s a n d o n t h e n or t h t h e Thuri n gi a n s Wi t h .

t h e S u a v i t h e r e w e r e pr e s e n t t h e A l a m a n n i t h en t h e i r ,

co n f e de r a t e s who a lso rul e d t h e A l p i n e h e igh t s wh e n c e

, ,

s e v e r a l s t r e a ms fl ow i n t o th e D a n ub e pouri n g i n wi t h a ,

gr e a t rushi n g sou n d I n t o a pl a c e t hus fo rt i fi e d King

.

Thi u di me r l e d h is a rmy in t h e wi n t e r t im e a n d co n q u e r e d -
,

plun de r e d a n d a lmos t sub d u e d t h e r a c e o f t h e S u a v i a s

w e ll a s t h e A l a m a n n i wh o w e r e mu t u a lly ba n d e d t o
,

g e t h e r Th e n c e h e r e t ur n e d a s vic t or t o hi s o wn hom e i n
.

P a n no n i a a n d j oy fully r e c e iv e d his s o n Th e o do ric onc e ,

giv e n a s hos t a g e t o Co n s t a n t i n o pl e a n d n o w s e n t b a ck by
t h e Em pe ror Le o wi t h gr e a t gi f t s No w Th e o doric h a d .

r ea ch e d m a n s e s t a t e f o r h e wa s e igh t e e n y e a rs o f ag e
’
,

an d his boyhoo d wa s e n d e d S o h e summo n e d c e rt a i n o f

.

’
his f a t h e r s a d h e r e n t s a n d t ook t o hims e l f from t h e pe o pl e
n d n e t a n —
h is fri e s a d r i e rs a lmos t six t hous a n d men .

Wi t h t h e s e h e cross e d t h e D a n ub e wi t h o u t hi s f a t h e r s ,
’
1 34 J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

soldi e rs wi t h wa r i f a n y shoul d r e sis t him From f e a r o f .

t hi s t h ey k ept q ui e t ; mor e ov e r t h e y w e r e p ow e rl e ss i n t h e
f a c e o f so gr ea t a hos t Th iu di me r s e e ing p ros pe ri ty
.
,

e v e rywh e r e a w a i t i n g him i n v a de d Na i s s u s t h e fi rs t ci ty
, ,

o f Illyri cum H e wa s j oi n e d by his son Th e o doric a n d

.

t h e Cou n t s A s ta t a n d I n v i l i a a n d s e n t t h e m t o U l p i a n a
,

by way o f C a s t rum H e rculis Up o n t h e i r a rriv a l t h e

.

t own surr e nd e r e d a s d i d S t obi l a t e r ; a n d s e v e r a l pl a c e s

,

o f I llyricum in a cc e ssibl e t o t h e m a t firs t w e r e t hus m a d e

, ,

e a sy o f a ppro a ch For t h e y firs t plu n de r e d an d t h e n

.

rul e d by righ t o f wa r H e r a cl e a a n d L a ri ss a c i ti e s o f ,

Th e ss a ly B ut Thi u di me r t h e ki n g pe rc e ivi n g his o wn

.
,

go od f or t u n e a n d t h at o f his s on wa s n o t con t e n t wi t h ,

t his a lon e bu t s e t f or t h from t h e ci ty o f Na i s s u s l e a vi n g

, ,

only a f e w men b e hind a s a gu a r d H e hims e l f a d v a n c ed .

t o Th e ss a lo n ic a wh e r e H i l a r i a n u s t h e P a t rici a n a p
, ,

p oin t e d by t h e Em p e ro r w a s s t a t i o n e d wi t h his a rmy

,
.

Wh e n H i l a r i a n u s b e h e l d Th e ss a lo n ic a surrou n d e d by an
e nt r e nchm e n t a n d s a w t h a t h e coul d n o t r e sis t a t t a ck h e ,

s e n t a n e mb a ssy to Thi u di me r t h e king a n d by t h e o ff e r

o f gi f t s t urn e d him a sid e f rom d e s t royi n g t h e ci t y Th e n .

t h e Rom a n g e n e r a l e n t e r e d u p o n a t ruc e wi t h t h e Go t hs
a n d o f his o wn a ccor d h a n de d ov e r t o t h e m t hos e pl a c e s

t h ey i n h a bi t e d n a m e ly
, Cy r r h u s P e ll a E u ro pu s M e , , ,

t ho n e Pyd n a B e ro ea a n d a n o t h e r which i s c a ll e d D i u m
, , , .

S o t h e Go t hs a n d t h e i r ki n g l a i d a si d e t h e i r a rms co n ,

s en t e d t o pe a c e a n d b e c a m e q ui et Soo n af te r t h e s e .

e v e n t s Ki n g Th i u di me r wa s s e iz e d wi t h a mor t a l ill n e ss
, ,

i n t h e ci ty o f Cy r r h u s H e c a ll e d t h e Go t hs t o hims e l f
.
,

a pp oi n t e d Th e odo ric his s o n a s h e i r o f his ki n g d om a n d

p r e s en t ly d e pa r t e d t his li f e .

L VI I Wh e n th e Em pe ror Z e no h e a rd t h a t Th e o d ori c
h a d b e e n a ppo in t e d king ov e r h is own pe opl e h e r e c e iv e d ,

t h e n e ws wi t h pl ea sur e an d i n vi t e d him t o com e a n d vi si t

him i n t h e ci t y s en d i n g a n e scor t o f ho n or R e c e ivi n g
, .

Th e odori c wi t h a l l due r e s pe c t h e pl a c ed him a mong th e ,

 T H E G O T H I C H I STO R Y 1 35

p rinc e s o f his p a l a c e A f t e r som e t im

. e Z e n o i n cre a s e d
his d ign i ty by a do pt i n g him a s hi s s on a t a rms a n d g a v e - -

him a t rium ph i n t h e ci t y a t his e x pe n s e Th e o d oric wa s .

m a d e Co n sul O r d i n a ry a ls o which is w e ll k n ow n t o be ,

t h e su p r e m e goo d a n d high e s t ho n or in t h e world N or .

wa s t hi s a l l for Z en o s e t u p b e for e t h e roy a l pa l a c e a n

,

e q u e s t ri a n s t a t u e t o t h e glo ry o f t his gr e a t ma n .

N ow whil e Th e o doric was i n a lli a n c e by t r e a t y wi t h

t h e Em p ir e of Z e no a n d wa s hims e l f e n j oyi n g e v e ry
com fort in t h e ci t y h e h e a r d t h a t h i s t rib e dw e lli n g a s
,
'
,

we h a v e s a i d i n Illyricum wa s n o t a l t og e t h e r s at isfi e d o r
,

con t e n t So h e ch o s e r a t h e r t o s e e k a livi n g by hi s o wn
.

e x e r t io n s a f t e r t h e m a n n e r cus t om a ry t o his r a c e r a t h e r
, ,

t h a n t o e n j oy t h e a dv a n t a g e s o f t h e Rom a n Em p ir e i n
l uxurious e a s e whil e his t rib e liv e d a pa r t A f t e r pon .

“
d e ring t h e s e m a tt e rs h e s a id t o th e Em pe ror : Though I
,

l a ck n o thi n g in s e rvi n g your Em pir e y e t i f Y ou r Pi e ty ,

d e e m i t wor t hy be pl e a s e d t o h e a r t h e d e sir e o f my
,

An d wh e n a s usu a l h e h a d b ee n gr a n t e d p e rmis
”
he a rt .

“
t o s pea k fr e e ly h e s a id : , Th e w e s t e r n c ou n t ry long ,

ago ov e r n e d by t h e rul e o f your a n c e s t ors a n d p r e de

g
c e s s o r s a n d t h a t ci ty which wa s t h e h e a d a n d mis t r e ss o f

t h e worl d—wh e r e for e is i t n o w sh a k e n by t h e t yr a n n y

,

o f t h e To r ci l i n g i a n d t h e Rugi ? S e n d me t h e r e wi t h my
r a c e Thus i f you bu t s ay t h e wo rd you ma y be fr e e d
.
,

’
from t h e burde n o f e x pe ns e h e r e an d i f by t h e L ord s , ,

h el p I sh a ll co n q u e r t h e f am e o f Y ou r Pi e ty sh a ll be
,

glorious t h e r e F o r i t i s b e tte r t h a t I your s e rv a nt a n d

.
,

your s o n should rul e t h a t ki n gdom r e c e ivi n g i t a s a

, ,

gi f t f rom y o u i f I co n q u e r t h a n t h a t o n e whom y o u d o
,

n o t r e cog n iz e s hould O pp r e ss your S e n a t e wi t h his tyr a n

n i ca l yok e a n d a pa r t o f th e r e publi c wi t h sl a v e ry For i f .

I p r e v a il I sh a ll r e t a i n i t a s your gr a n t a n d gi f t ; i f I am
,

co n q u e r e d Y our Pi e t y will los e n ot hi n g—n a y a s I h a v e

, ,

s a id i t w ill s a v e t h e ex pe n s e I n ow e n t a il
,
A l t hough t h e .

Em pe ror wa s gri e v e d t h a t h e shoul d go ye t wh e n h e ,

I 3O J ORDA N E S I O RIGI N AND D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

h e a r d t his h e gr a n t e d wh a t Th e o d oric a sk e d f o r h e wa s ,

u n willi n g t o c a us e hi m sorrow H e s e n t him for t h e n .

rich e d by gr ea t gi f t s a n d comm e n de d t o h i s ch a rg e t h e
S en a t e a n d t h e Rom a n P e o pl e .

Th e r e f o r e Th e o d oric d epa r t e d from t h e roy a l ci t y a n d

r e t ur n e d t o his o wn pe o pl e I n com pa n y wi t h t h e whol e .

t rib e o f t h e Go t hs wh o g a v e him t h e i r u n a n imous co n

,

s e n t h e s e t o u t f o r H e s pe ri a H e w e n t i n s t r a igh t m a rch
, .

t hrough S irmium t o t h e pl a c e s bor d e ri n g o n P a n n oni a

an d , a dv a n ci n g i n t o t h e t e rri t ory o f V e n e t i a a s f a r a s

th e bri dg e o f t h e S o n t iu s e n c a m p e d t he r e Wh e n h e
,
.

h a d h a l t e d t h e r e f o r som e t im e t o r e s t t h e bo d i e s o f
hi s me n an d pa ck a n im a ls O do a c e r s e n t a n a rm e d fo rc e
-
,

a ga i n s t him which h e me t o n t h e pl a i n s o f V e ro n a a n d
,

d e s t roy e d wi t h gr e a t sl a ugh t e r Th e n h e br o ke ca mp . .

a n d a d v a n c e d t hr o ugh I t a ly wi t h gr e a t e r bol d n e ss C ross .

i n g t h e riv e r P o h e p i t ch e d c a m p n e a r t h e roy a l ci t y
'

o f R a v e n n a a b ou t t h e t hi r d mil e s t o n e from t h e ci ty i n
,

t h e pl a c e c a ll e d Pin e t a Wh e n O d o a c e r s a w t his h e
.
,

for t ifi e d hims e l f wi t hi n th e ci ty H e fr e q u e n t ly h a r a ss e d .

t h e a rmy o f t h e Go t hs a t n igh t s a llyi n g fort h s t e a l t hily ,

wi t h hi s me n a n d t his n o t o n c e o r t wic e bu t o f t e n ; an d
, ,

t hus h e s t ruggl e d for a lmos t t hr e e wh o 1e y ea rs But he -

.

l a bor e d i n v a i n f o r a ll It a ly a t l a s t c a ll e d Th e o d oric i t s
,

lor d a n d t h e Em p ir e ob ey e d his n o d B u t O d o a c e r wi t h .
,

his f e w a dh e r e n t s a n d t h e Rom a n s who w e r e pr e s e n t s u f ,

f e r e d da ily f rom wa r a n d f a mi n e i n R a v e n n a Si n c e h e .

a ccom plish e d n o t hi n g h e s e n t a n e mb a ssy a n d b e gg e d for

,

m e rcy Th e o dori c firs t gr a n t e d i t a n d a f t e rw a rd s de

.

p r i v e d hi m o f hi s li f e .

I t wa s i n th e t hi r d y e a r a f t e r his e n t r a n c e i n to I ta ly ,

a s we h a v e s a i d t h a t Th e o d ori c by a dvic e o f t h e Em
, ,

p e r o r Z e n o l a i d a si d e t h e ga rb o f a priv a t e ci t iz e n a n d
,

t h e d r e ss o f his r a c e a n d a ssum e d a cos t um e wi t h a roy a l

m a n t l e a s h e h a d n o w b e com e t h e rul e r ov e r bo t h Go t hs
'

a n d Rom an s H e s e n t a n e mb a ssy t o Lo do i n ki n g o f t h e
.
,
1 38 J O R DA N ES : O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F TH E GO T H S

figh t wi t h Mu n d o n ea r t h e ci ty n a m e d M a rg opl an um ,

which li e s b e tw e e n th e D a n ub e a n d M a rgus riv e rs a n d ,

d e s t roy e d th e A rmy o f Illyricum F o r t his Mu n d o wh o .

,

t r a c e d his de sc e n t from t h e A tt il a n i of o l d h a d fl e d ,

f rom t h e t rib e o f t h e G e pi da e a n d wa s r o a mi n g b eyo n d

t h e D a n ub e i n w a s t e p l a c e s wh e r e n o ma n t ill e d t h e soil .

H e h a d ga t h e r e d a rou n d him m a n y ou t l a ws a n d r u ffi a n s
a n d robb e rs from a l l S i d e s a n d h a d s e iz e d a t ow e r c a ll e d

H e r t a S i t u a t e d o n th e b a n k o f t h e D a n ub e Th e r e h e
, .

p lu n d e r e d his n e ighbors i n wil d lic e n s e a n d m a d e hims e l f

ki n g ov e r his v a ga bo n d s Now P i t z a c a m e u pon him
.

wh e n h e wa s n e a rly r e duc e d t o d e s pe r a t ion a n d wa s a l

r e a dy t hi n ki n g o f surr e n de r S o h e r e scu e d him from
.

t h e h a n d s o f S a bi n i a n a n d m a d e him a gr at e ful subj e c t o f

hi s ki n g Th e o do ric .

Th e odori c wo n a n e q u a lly gr e a t vic t ory ov e r t h e

Fr a n ks t hrough his Cou n t I bb a in G a ul wh e n more t h a n ,

t hi r ty t hous a n d Fr a n ks w e r e sl a i n i n b a tt l e Mor e ov e r .
,

a f t e r t h e d e a t h o f his son i n l a w A l a ric Th e o dori c a p

—
- -
,

p oi n t e d T h i u d i,s his a rmor b e a r e r gu a rdi a n o f hi s gr a n d

,

s o n Ama l a r i c i n S p a i n B u t Ama l a r i c wa s e n s n a r e d by
.

t h e plo t s o f t h e Fr a n ks i n e a rly you t h an d los t a t o n c e his

ki n g d om a n d his li f e Th e n hi s gu a rdi a n Th i u di s a d
.
,

v a n c i n g from t h e s a m e ki n gdom a ss a il e d t h e Fr a n ks a n d
,

d e l iv e r e d t h e S pa n i a r d s f rom t h e i r disgr a c e f ul t r e a ch e ry .

So lo n g a s h e liv e d h e k ept t h e Vis igo t hs u ni t e d A f t e r .

him Th iu dig i s cl u s ob ta i n e d t h e ki n gd om a n d ruli n g bu t ,

a shor t t im e me t his d e a t h a t t h e h a n d s o f h i s o wn fol

,

low e rs H e was succ e e de d by A gil who hol d s th e ki n g

.
,

d o m t o t h e p r e s e n t da y Ath a n a g il d h a s r e b e ll e d a g a i n s t
.

him a n d i s e v e n n o w provoki n g t h e migh t o f th e Rom a n

Emp i r e S o L ib e rius t h e P a t rici a n i s o n t h e way wi t h
.

a n a rmy t o o pp os e him N ow t h e r e wa s n o t a t rib e in

.

t h e w e s t t h a t di d n o t s e rv e Th e o d ori c whil e h e liv e d ,

e i t h e r i n fri e n d shi p o r by co n q u e s t .

L I X Wh e n h e h a d r e a ch e d o ld a g e a n d k n e w t h a t h e
 T H E G O T H IC H IST O R Y

should soo n depa rt t his li f e h e c a ll e d t oge t h e r th e Go t hic

,

cou n t s a n d Chi e f t a i n s o f his r a c e a n d a pp oi n t e d At h a l a r i c

a s ki n g H e wa s a boy sc a rc e te n y e a rs o l d t h e s o n o f
.
,

his da ugh t e r Ama l a s u e n th a a n d h e h a d lo s t his f a t h e r

.
,

E u th a r i c A s t hough u t t e ri n g his l a s t will a n d t e s t a m e n t

.
,

Th e o doric a dj ur e d a n d comm a n de d t h e m t o ho n or t h e ir
ki n g t o lov e t h e S e n a t e a n d Rom a n P e opl e a n d t o m a k e
,

sur e o f t h e pe a c e a n d goo d will o f th e Empe ror o f t h e

E a s t a s n ex t a f te r Go d
,
.

Th ey k e pt t his comm a n d fully s o lo n g a s At h a l a r i c

t h e i r ki n g a n d his mo t h e r l iv e d a n d rul e d i n pe a c e for
,

a lmos t e igh t y e a rs B u t a s t h e Fra n ks pu t n o co n fi de n c e

.

i n t h e rul e o f a chil d a n d fur t h e rmor e h e l d him in co n

t e m pt a n d w e r e a lso plo t t i n g wa r h e g a v e b a ck t o t h e m
, ,

t hos e pa r t s of G a ul which his f a t h e r a n d gr a n d f a t h e r h a d

s e iz e d H e poss e ss e d a l l t h e r e s t in pe a c e a n d q ui e t
. .

Th e r e f ore wh e n At h a l a r i c was a pp ro a chi n g t h e a e o f g

m a n hoo d h e e n t rus t e d t o t h e Em pe ror o f t h e E a s t bot h

,

h i s o wn yout h a n d his mo t h e r s wi d owhoo d

’
B ut in a .

short t im e t h e ill f a t e d boy wa s c a rri e d o ff by a n u n t im e ly

-

d e a t h a n d de pa r t e d from e a r t hly a ff a irs H is m ot h e r .

f ea r e d s h e migh t be de s pis e d by t h e G o t hs o n a ccou n t o f A M ALA S U E N TH A

i

t h e w e a k n e ss o f h e r s e x S o a f t e r much t hough t S h e de
.

ci de d for t h e s a k e o f r e l a t ionshi p t o summo n h e r cousi n

, ,

Th eo da h a d from Tusc a n y wh e r e h e l e d a r e t i r e d li f e a t
,

hom e a n d t hus S h e e s ta blish e d him o n t h e t hro n e B u t

, .

h e wa s u n mi n d ful o f t h e ir ki n shi p a n d a f te r a li tt l e t im e , ,

h a d h e r t a k e n from t h e pa l a c e a t R a v e n n a t o a n i sl a n d
o f t h e B ul s i n i a n l a k e wh e r e h e k e pt h e r i n e xil e A f t e r .

S pe n di n g a v e ry f ew d ay s t h e r e i n s o rrow s h e wa s ,

s t r a n gl e d i n t h e b a t h by his hi re li n gs .

LX Wh e n Jus t i n i a n t h e Em p e ror o f t h e E a s t h e a r d
, ,

t his h e wa s a rous e d a s i f h e h a d su ff e r e d pe rso n a l i n j ury

,

i n th e d e a t h o f his w a r d s No w a t t h at t im e h e h a d wo n
.

a t rium ph ov e r t h e V a n d a ls in A fric a t hrough hi s mos t ,

f a i th f ul P a t rici a n B el is a rius Wi t hou t d e l a y h e s e n t his

.
I4 O J ORDA N E S Z O RIGI N A ND D EE D S O F T H E GO T H S

a rmy u n d e r t h i s l ea de r a ga i n s t t h e Go t hs a t th e v e ry t im e
wh e n his a rms w e r e y e t d ri ppi n g wi t h t h e bloo d o f t h e
Va n da ls This s a ga cious ge n e r a l b e li e v e d h e could n o t
.

ov e rcom e t h e Go t hic n a t i o n u n l e ss h e sh o ul d fi rs t s e iz e
,

S icily t h e i r n ursi n g mo t h e r A co r d i n g l y h e di d so A S
,
-
. .

so o n a s h e e n t e r e d Tri n a cri a t h e Go t hs who w e r e be s i e g

, ,

i n g t h e t o w n o f Sy ra cus e fou n d t h a t t h e y w e r e n o t suc

,

ce e d i n g a n d surr e n d e r e d o f t h e i r o wn a cc o r d t o B e li s a

ri us wi t h t h e i r l e a de r S i n de r i t h Wh e n t h e Rom a n g e n
,
.

e r a l r e a ch e d S icily Th e o d a h a d sough t o u t E v e r mu d
, hi s ,

s o n i n l a w a n d s e n t him wi t h a n a rmy t o gu a rd t h e s t r a i t
- -
,

which li e s b e t w e e n C a m pa n i a a n d S icily a n d sw ee ps f rom

a b e n d o f t h e Ty rrh e n i a n S e a i n t o t h e v a s t t i d e o f t h e

A d ri a t ic Wh e n E v e r mu d a rriv e d h e p i t ch e d hi s c a m p
.
,

by t h e t ow n o f Rh e gium H e soo n s a w t h a t his si de wa s

.

t h e w e ak e r Comi n g ov e r wi t h a f e w clos e a n d f a i t h ful

.

follow e rs t o t h e si de o f t h e vi c t or a n d willi n gly c a s t i n g

hims e l f a t t h e f e e t o f B e lis a rius h e de ci de d t o s e rv e t h e ,

rul e rs o f t h e R o m an Empi r e Wh en t h e a rmy o f t h e .

Go t hs pe rc e iv e d t his t h e y d is t rus te d Th e o d a h a d a n d
,

cl a mor e d fo r his e x pulsio n f rom t h e ki n g d om a n d f o r t h e

a pp oi n t m e n t a s ki n g o f t h e i r l e a de r V i t i g e s who h a d b ee n ,

his a rm o r b e a r e r This wa s d o n e ; a n d p re s e n t ly V i t i ge s
.

wa s r a is e d t o t h e o ffic e o f ki n g on t h e B a rb a ri a n Pl a i n s .

H e e n t e r e d Rom e a n d s e n t o n t o R a v e n n a t h e men m o s t
f a i th ful t o him t o de m a n d th e d e a t h o f Th e o dah a d Th e y .

c a m e a n d e x e cu t e d his comm a n d A f t e r Ki n g Th e o da h a d
wa s sl a i n a m e ss e n g e r c a m e f r o m t h e ki n g—f o r h e was
.

a lr ea d y ki n g i n t h e B a rb a ri a n Pl a i n s—t o p rocl a im V i t ig e s
,

t o t h e pe o pl e .

M e a n whil e t h e Rom a n a rmy cross e d th e s t r a i t a n d

m a rch e d t ow a r d C a m pa n i a Th e y t ook N a pl e s a n d
.

p r e ss e d o n t o R ome N ow a f e w da ys b e f or e t h e y a r
.

riv e d Ki n g V i t ig e s h a d s e t for t h from Rom e a rriv e d a t

, ,

R a v e n n a a n d m a rri e d M a t h e s ue n t h a t h e d a ugh t e r o f ,
I 4 2 J ORD A N E S Z O RIG I N A ND D EED S O F T H E G OTH S

Co n clusio n
An d n o w we h a v e r e ci t e d t h e origi n o f th e Go ths t h e ,

n o bl e li n e o f t h e A ma li a n d t h e d e e d s o f br a v e men This
.

glorious r a c e yi e l de d t o a mor e gl o riou s pri n c e a n d sur

r e n de r e d t o a mor e v a li an t l e a de r whos e f a m e sh a ll be
,

S il e n c e d by n o a g e s o r cycl e s o f y e a rs ; for t h e vict orious

a n d t rium ph a n t Em pe ro r Jus t i n i a n a n d his consul B e l i

s a rins sh a ll be n a m e d a n d known a s V a n da l i cu s A fri ,

c a mu s a n d Ge t i cu s .

Thou who r e a d e s t t his know t h at I h a v e f oll ow e d t h e

,

wri t i n gs o f my a n c e s t ors a n d ha v e cull e d a f ew flow e rs

,

from t h e i r bro a d m e a dows t o w e a v e a ch a pl e t f o r him

wh o c a r e s t o k n ow t h e s e t hi n gs Le t n o o n e b e li ev e t h at
.

t o t h e a dv a n t a ge o f t h e r a c e o f which I h a v e s p ok e n

t h o ugh i n de e d I t r a c e my o wn d e sc e n t from i t—I h a v e

a d d e d a ugh t be si d e s wh a t I h a v e r e a d o r l e a r n e d by

i n q ui ry Ev e n t hus I h a v e n ot i n clu de d a l l t h a t i s wri tt e n

.

o r t ol d a bou t t h e m n o r s p ok e n s o much t o t h e i r p r a is e a s
,

t o t h e glory o f him who con q u e r e d t h e m .

 C O M M E NT A R Y
P r e fa c e as a ce r t ain wri t er sa ys : this f
r e er s t o t h e s t at e
me n t of Ru fi n u s ( bou t 3 4 5 in the p r e f a c e to h i s v e r
'
al .

s io n of Orig en
’
s co mm e n t a r y o n t h e e p i s t l e t o t h e R o ma n s .

J o r dan e s h as n ot me r e l y b o r r o we d a p h r a s e a s h i s wo r d s ,

see m t o i n di ca t e ; h e h a s take n ov er th e e n ti r e i n t r o du c t i o n o f
R ufi n u s
-
al mo s t wo r d f o r wo r d , asS y be l fi r s t p o i n t e d o ut

( S c h mi d t : Z e it s ch ri ft f ii r G e s c h i c h t s wi s s e n s ch a f t , v i i ,
b r o t h e r Ca s t al i u s : ( c o mp a r e f r a ter V i g i l i
t hi s f o r m of a d dr e s s

i n t h e i n t r o du c t i o n t o h i s R o ma n o ) t o g e t h e r wi t h s u c h p i o u s
e x p r e s s i o n s a s or a n s pr o me f r a t er ca r i s s i me D omi n us t ec wm
,
. . .

A me n s i do mi n u s d o n a v e mt l u ba n i e d o mi n o
'

. e tc .
,

n a t u r al l y a c c o r d wi t h t h e b e l i e f t h a t J o r d a n e s wa s a m o n k o r '

an e cc l e s i a s t i c Se e a l s o I n t r o du ct i o n ( p
. a bb r e v i a t i on .

of t h e C h r o n i c l es : n a m e l y t h e R o ma no Jo r d a n e s wa s e m
, .
'

g a g e d i n wr it i n g h i s R o ma no mo r e f ul l y e n t i t l e d D e s u mma ,

te mpor u m v e l or i g i n e a c ti bus q u e g e n ti s R o ma n or u m bu t l a i d i t ,

a s id e t o wr i t e t h e H i s t o r y o f t h e Go t h s ( Ge ti ca ) wh i c h h e p u b

li s h e d fi r s t ( 55 1 S e e h i s p r e f a c e t o t h e R o ma n o 4)
a l i u d v o l u me n d e o r ig i n e a c tu s q u e Ge ti c e g e n ti s q ua m i a m da da m ,

c o mmu m a mi c o Cas ta l i o e d e di s s e m
’

S e n a t o r : n o t a t it l e bu t .
,

f h m f F l i M a g n u s Au r e l iu s Ca s s i o do r ( i ) u s
—
p a r t -o t e n a e o a v u s -

S e n a t o r ( abo u t 4 87 a b o u t wh o s e H i s to r y o f t h e Go t h s
i n t we l v e b o o k s i s k n o wn t o u s o n l y i n t h e a bri d g me n t o f
J o r d a n e s C a s s i o d o r u s h i ms e l f me n t i o n s t h e wo r k i n t h e p r e f a c e
.

t o h i s V a r i a e wh e r e h i s f r i e n d s a r e r e p r e s e n t e d a s s a y i n g t o
,

h i m : du o d e ci m li br i : Go th o r u m hi s t or i a m d eflor a tzs pr os per i ta ti bus

'
'

‘
c o n d i di s ti .

I 4 O r os i u s
. mo s t a n e x a c t q u o t a t i o n f r o m O r o s i u s I 2 I
: al , ,

ma i or e s n os tm o r be m t o ti u s te r r a e Oc ea m li mbo ci r c mm a eptu m
’ ’

tmq ua dr u m s ta tu e r e ei us q u e tr es pa r t6 : A xio m E u r opa m at Af r i ca m

'

v o c a v e i u n t.
’

6. H ipp od e s : s ee J ul ius H o n o r i u s p 69 1 . .
I
Gr o n . : i ns u l a e .

o r i e n ta l es Oc e a m q ua e s u m H ippopo d es i n s u l a
’

,
I a n n es s i i n s u la ,

S o l is pe r a s to i n s u la , Ta pr o ba n e i n s u l t», S i l ef a n ti n e i ns u la , Ter on
i n s u la T a p r o ban e : t h e i s l a n d o f C e yl o n
. ten ci t i e s : .

s e e O r o s i u s I , 2 , 1 6 : i mu l a Ta pr o ba n e q u a e h a be t d e c e m ci vi ta te s , .

On t h e p u n ct u a t i o n of th is s en ten c e in t h e Lat i n , see A . B ach

ma n n ,
Z u I o r da n i s , in Ne u e s A r c h i v 23 , 1 75

S t r a i t o f Ga d e s : t h e s t r a i t o f Gi br a l t a r
7
. F o r t un a t e .

t h e s t o r i e d i s l a n d s o f t h e we s t e r n O c e a n , t h e a b o d e s o f t h e
B l e s s e d ( #a d wV VfiU Ot ) , a r e p e r h a p s t o zb e i d e n t i fi e d wi t h t h e
I43
1 44 J O RD A N E S : ORI GI N AND D E EDS OF T H E G OT H S

Ca n a r y I s l a n d s Ga l i c i a : Ga l l i cia o r Ca l la e cia i s t h e mo d e r n
.

Ga li ci a i n N W S p a i n L u s i t an i a : app r o x i ma t e ly c o r r e sp on di n g
. . .

t o P ortug al T e mp l e o f H e r c u l e s : t h i s wa s o n a n i s l a n d i n t h e
.

n e i g h b o r h o od of t h e t o wn of O n o ba ( n ow calle d H u el va) in t h e
Hpa KM‘ovt
'

p r o v in c e o f B a e tica
S e e S t r a bo 3 5 5 , p 1 70 : 653 .
, , .
VfiU OV -

l ep ay Ketp é myv K a r a 7r é)\ w O va/ S c i p i o s M o n u me n t

“
3m
'

I Bnp la s ’
!
.

we a r e t o u n d e r s t a n d by t h i s t h e mo n u me n tu m Ca epo ms i n i ps o
'

ma r i s c opa l o ma g i s q ua m i n s u la e i mpos i tu m ( M el a 3 I 5 ; S t r a bo 3
, , , ,

I , 9, p . n ear the mo u t h of t h e B a e ti s ( n o w t h e Gu a da l q u i v i r ) .

I ts m e nt i o n h e r e i n c o n n ec t io n wi t h Ga l i ci a a n d L u s it a n i a :i s
'

p e r h ap s du e t o a «c o n u s i o n f wi t h t h e pr o mu n ta r i u m s a cr u m ( Cap e
St . Vi n c e n t ) .

8 . B al e ar e s : t h e B a l e a r i c I s l a n ds M e v a ni a : I s l e o f M a n ? .

s ee O r o s i u s I 2 82 : h a i r ( I r e l a n d ) e ti a m M e va n ia i n s a la pr o xi ma
, ,

es t . Or c a d e s : t h e O r kn e y s
'
O r o s i u s I 2 78 : a t e r g o ( B r i t a i n )
‘
.
, ,

Or ea das i n s u la s h a be t q u o r u m vi g i n ti d es er ta e s u n t tr e d e ci m , ,

c o lu n t u r .

9 T h u.l e : M a i n l a n d ,
I h
t e l a r g e s t o f t h e S h e t l a n d I s l an d s ; o r ,
a cc o r d i n g t o o t h e r s , I c e l a n d M an tuan b a r d : V e r g il Ge o r g i C S .
,
'

I , 30 : ti bi s er v i a t a l ti ma Thy l e . S c a n dz a : or S ca n dza , the

S c a n di n a v i a n p e n i n s u l a .

II 10 L iv y t e ll s : s e e
.
f or ma m t o ti a s T a c it u s , Ag r i c o l a Io:

B r i ta n n i a e Li v i u s v e t e r u m F a bi u s r e c e n ti u m e IOq u en ,
R u s ti cu s
ti s s i mi a u c t or es o bl o n g a e s ca tu la e v e l bi pe n m a ds i mi l a ver e
'

h a m o r a m n o vi s s i ma ma r i s tu ne pr i mu/m R o ma n a Cla s s i s ci r cu m
‘

v e c ta i n s u la m e s s e B r i ta n n i a m a fi i r ma wt
'

Cae s ar : s ee T a cit u s .
,

A g r ic o l a I 3 : pr i mu s o mmu m R o ma n o r u m di va s I u li u s cu m exer ci ta
'

B mta n ma m i n g r e s s a s
' '

1 1 f a c e Ga u l a n d Ge r ma n y : M e l a 3 6 50 : ( B r i ta i n ) i n t er
.
, ,

s ept e n tir i o n e m o cci d e n te mq a e pr oi e c ta g r a n di a n gu l o R h e m o s ti a

'

pr os pi ci t ; d e i n o bli q ua r e tr o l a te r a a bs tr a hi t a l ter o Ga l li a m a l te r o ,

Ger ma n i a m s pe c ta n s ; tu m r u r s u s pe r pe tu o ma r g i n e di r e c ti l i to r i s a b
t er g or e a bdu c ta i te r u m s e i n di v er s os a n g a l os cu n e a t tri q u e tr a .

S e e a l s o T ac i t u s Ag r i c o l a 1 0 : i mmen s u m s pa ti u m pr o cw
, rr en

ti u m e x t r e ma i a m l i t o r e t e r mr u m v e l a i i n c u n e u m t e n u a tu r .

s t a d i a z D i o e p i t 76 1 2 : m i a trr fis ( B ri t a i n ) 7 6 Mr #fiKo s a r d 6t oc
’
'
.
,

ér xlNo L Ka i éxa r bv eZ a l , r o i! 6% 6i) i r ovs T b p 61! wh ei d r o v

‘

1r lxo
‘ ' '
T a KLa '
.

OéKa . Ka i T pt a xécn or Ka i w l NOt , Oe ék dxwr o v

‘ '
Tpt a xé mo t .

12 . th e s ea : T a c i t u s , A g r i c o l a I o : ma r e pi g r a m e t g r a v e
s ee

re mi g a n ti bus pe r hi be n t me v e n ti s q u i d e m pe ri n d e a tto lli , cr e dO, q u o d

r ar i or es mon tes q u e ca us a a c ma ter i a t e mpe s ta ta m,
'

t e nra e , et pr o
f u n da mo l es c a n ti u m mu ms ta r di a s i mpe ll i tu r m a dd id ewm
' ' '

u nu

n us qa a m la ti u s d o mi n a m ma r e S t r ab o rel a te s :
’

. S tr a b o
év 6% a lfipla t s Oul xh n éxe t wol d» ! p
’

C3 3 : 7 0 1s
4 , 5, Ka r y o v,
'

2, p 200 ,

wept myv ma n/1 3pm

. ,

63 8M) : é1r 2 r pe i s ovoy i) T ér r a pa s

‘
630 1 finépa s dipa s
'
' ' '
]!
'
s n
'

épaa fla c 7 61/ fil m»
'

.
I 4O J OR DA N E S I ORI GI N AND DEEDS OF TH E G OT H S

19 . P t o l e ma e u s
me n t i o n s : P t o l e ma e u s 2 I I 3 5 : Ka t xa r éxov ,
-
,

a w a trr fis p 61 Bur ma ( 1 ) Xa q wol r d 6 d va r olxuca ( 2 ) Da vé va i Ka i ( 3 ) b i pa i o m

’ '

. !
'
( (
,

[ 7 a 6% dpm ucd ( 4 ) @l vvo i ] r at 6% usa m ufi pwa

( 5 ) I o tir m m i (6) Aa vxl wve s 7 6 5e
‘ ’
‘ «
.
, ,

#5“ ( 7) AGV GVOL A d o g i t : M u e l l e n h o ff t h i n k s t h i s n a me h a s b e e n :

c o r r u p t e d a n d we a r e t o u n d e r s t a n d b y i t t h e A l og i i o r H a l og i i

o r H dl eyg i r t h e i n h a i t a n t s o i H dl og a la n di t h e mo s t n o r t h e r n
,
'
,

r e g i o n o f No r wa y n o w k n o wn a s No r d l a n d a n d e x t e n d i n g b e
- ‘
, ,

yon d the A rc t i c C i r c l e .

21 . S c r e r e f e nn a e : a c c o r di n g to M u e l l e n h o ff , th is f o rm of the
na me i s used i n c o r r e c t l y by J o r dan e s f o r S cr e tef e n n a e , S c r e th e
f e n na e ,
S cr i th ef e n n i or S c r i di fi n n i . U n de r th i s na me h e h e r e i n
cl u de s a ll me nS e e P r o c o p i u s b Go t h , 2 , 1 5
of F i n n i sh r a ce . . .

E xpt dl gbwm o il r e rr o l 773v ye wpy ofia w a tir e T l a ur oi s a i yvva i k e s

’ ‘
‘ ’ ' '
az .

ép yd gow a t , d kk d (i x /O es £131! r a i s 7wa ¢£ i T ing flfipa v v ém r nOefio v

’
‘

p
Onpl wv r e “yap m i ( 0k { Ma t a irr oi s
' ’ ’

gcy co v u é ya n xpfiua a t
‘ '
Ta t .
,
.
'

ofi a a c
,
Ka i
. 73
1. 6p m at T a ér y (i x
/e
xec . Ka i Kpéa a c

dnp l wv dei d NO Koh év du¢ céwvw a c

‘

[Lev T CW l fo z/T a t , Oép/I a r a Oé

' ’

a cr r ct
' '

P a u l-u s h i s t . Lan g .
,
1 .
5 : S cr i t ofi n i cr u di s a g r e s ti u m a ni ma n
ti u m ca r n i bu s v e s cu n tu r , d e q u or u m e ti a m h i r ti s pe lli bu s s i bi i n d u
me n ta pe r a pta n t . S u e h an s : s e e Z e u s s : D i e D e u t s c h e n u n d di e
Na c h ba r s t amme -
p .
5 14 . T h ur in g ia n s h o rs es : s ee

Ca s s i o d o r u s v a r 4 .
,
I: H e r mi na f ri d o r eg i Th or i n g o r u m Th e o d or i cu s
r ex i n di ca mus n os ve n i e n ti bu s l eg a ti s v es tr i s mor e g en
ti u m s us c e pi s s e e q u os a r g e n te o c o l or e v es ti t os . s a pp h i r e

c ol o r e d : be llow s
d a r t/ l i k e la pi s l a z u l i ; s a b l e s
—
e
.

22 . Th e u s t e s Ra n i i t h e s e twe n t y s e ve n t r ibe s are

vague ly c o n c e i ve d as dwe ll i n g i n a r e ce di n g s erie s of n orth ern

r e g io n s .

24 M o mm s e n t h i n k s h e i s t o b e i d e n t ifi e d wi t h t h a t
R o d uu l f : t

w
.

Ki n g P o aoa o s o f t h e H e r u l i me n t i o n e d by P r o c Op i u s ( b Go t h
'
-
. .
,

2 , wh o wa s f o r c e d by h i s t ri be t o ma ke wa r o n t h e Lo m .

b a r d s i n t h e t h i r d y e a r o f t h e e mp e r o r A n a s t a s iu s ( t h e y e a r
an d was s l a i n i n b a t t l e T h i s s ame ma n m a y we l l h a v e .
‘

c o me t o Th e o d o r ic a t t h e t i me wh e n h e wa s i n M o e s i a n am e l y .

b e f o r e 4 89 a n d a s k e d h i s p r o t e c t i o n
, T h a t h e d e s p i s e d h i s o wn .

k i n g do m i s p r ob a b l y a n e x a g g e r a t i o n o f t h e Go t h i c h i s t o r i a n s '
.

IV B e r i g : t h e p e r i o d o f t h i s e a r l i e s t K i n g o f t h e Go t h s
25 .

i s t h o u g ht by M u e ll e n h o ff t o b e n o t e a r l i e r t h a n t h e fi r s t c e n t u r y
of o u r e r a R e l y i n g o n P l i n y ( N H , 3 7, 2 a n d 4 I 4 ) H o dg k i n
. . .
, ,

( I taly an d h e r i n v a de r s , 1 89 2 , I I, th at th e Go t h s we r e
'

a rgue s .

s e tt l e d on t h e B a lt i c at 1e a s t
‘

as earl y as 3 30 B C , a n d p o s s i bl y

as ea r l y as t he s ix t h c e n tu r y B C . Go t h i s ca n d z a : mewh e r e
so

n e ar th e s o ut h e a s t e r n c o r n e r o f t h e B al t i c , p r o ba bl y n ot f a r f r o m

t he m o de r n c ity of Da n t z ig .

26 . abo de s of t h e U l me r u g i : Z eu s s (p .
4 84 ) th in ks t h a t th e
 C O M M E N TA RY I 47

Ru g i wh o i n h a b i t e d t he shore s of th e O ce a n ,
-
or r at h er the
i s l a n ds i n th e V i s t u l a at its mo u t h we r e ,
c al l e d by t h e Go t h s -

H u l ma r ug e i s ,
wh e n ce U lme r u g i . S a v a g n e r , i n t h e n ot e s t o h i s
“
F r e n c h t r a n s l a ti o n [
of the Ge ti ca , i d e n t i fi e s t h e aibo d e s o f t h e
Ui h P o me r a n i a
-
an d M ec k l e n bu r g
-
. V a n d al s : we
find me n t i o n of t h e V a n da l s as a p e op l e i n t h e n o r th e r n p art of

Ge r ma n y a s ( Ger ma n i a
e arl F il i me r : t h e d at e
y as Ta citu s
o f t h i s k i ng o f t h e Go t h s i s p l a c e d 1b y M u e l l e n h o ff a t a b o u t t h e
v

b e g i n n i n g o f t h e S c y t h i a n wa r i n 2 3 8 A D H o d g k i n ( I I 4 0) . .
,

f a v o r s 1 7o A D t h e t i me o f t h e M a r c o ma n n i c wa r a s t h e
. .
,
-
,

d a t e wh e n a p a rt o f t h e Go t h s mi g r a t e d t o t h e mo u t h s o f t h e
D an u be .

27 . Sc y th ia Oi u m :
M u e l l e n h o ff U l fi la s,
' '
a c c o r di n g to ,

wo u l d h a v e wr i t t e n t h i s wo r d a u j é m da t i v e p l u r a l o f a n a f amil i a r , ,

T e u t o n i c r o o t m e a n i n g a wa t e r e d m e a d o w
,
He b elieve s th at .

t h e r e g i o n s o f O i u m we r e p r o b a b l y i n V o l h y n i a a mo n g t h e
-

s t r e a ms t h at e- mp t i e d i n t o t he D n i e p e r .

28 . S p al i : a p e op l e n e a r
'

t he Do n ? We S h ould e xp e c t to h ear
of th e V e n e th h e r t h a n t h e Sp a l i
‘
i r at P lin .
‘

y (N . H . 6, 7 22 )
, ,

me n t i o n s a m o n g o t h e r r a ce s t h e S pa l a e i wh o o n ce cr os s e d t h e

Ta n a i s . s e a o f P o n tu s : t h e E uxi n e o r B l a c
'

k Sea . Ab l a bi u s :
or .
A bl a v i u s ;
'

see n o t es on th e s our ce s of J o r da n e s , p . 19 .

29 . J o s e ph u s : see n o te s on th e s our ce s, p .
30 . M a g og
J o s eph u s , a n t i q u i t at e s I u da i c a e , I ,
6 ,
I: M a vé '
m ( th e s s on o f J ap h e t h )
M a yur ya s Or oua o déma s ii
, "
5% E la i da s Oé 1571 0. 13e
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(
'
e
,

( t h e Gr e e k s ) C o mp a r e I s i d o r u s Go t h l a u d 66 ‘
. .

( f r o m Ca s s i o d Go th or u m a n ti q u i s s i ma o r i g o de M a g og fi li o
I a ph e t f u i t u n d e , et S cy t ha r u m g e n u s e x ti ti t : na m i i d e m Go th i /

S cy th i ca pr o ba n tu r o r i g i n e s a ti
a v o c a bu l o di s c r e u n de n e c l o ng e
,

pa n t : d e mu ta ta e n i m a c d e tr a c ta li tt e r a Ge ta e q u a s i S cy th a e s u n t
n u n c u pa ti S e e a l s o E t y m 9 I , 2 7: M a g og a q u o q u i da m a r bi t
. .
, ,

r o u ta r S cy th a s et Go th os tr a xi s s e o ri g i n em An d 89 : Go th i a M ag og
.

fi li o I aph e t n o mi n a ti pu ta n twr d e s i mi li t u di n e u l ti ma e s y l l a ba e q u os ,

v e te r es ma g i s Ge ta s q u a m Go th os v o ca ver u n t .

V 30 . rive r I ster : or H i s te r, the D a n ube ; s ee V 3 1, an d

XX I I ,
M o r s i an S wa mp : c a l l e d a l s o M u r s i a n us l a cus ( V
a s wa mp n e a r M u r s a i n P a n n o n i a ( n o w E s z ek ) Tyra : .

T y r a s i s t h e Gr e e k n a me f o r t h e D n i e s t e r n o t a di ff e r e n t s t r e a m , .

Da n a s t e r : t h e D n i e s t e r a r i v e r f o r mi n g t h e b o u n d a r y be t we e n ,

D a c i a a n d S a r ma t i a V a g o s o l a : n o t e l s e wh e r e me n ti o n e d
'
. .

B ut c o n s i d e r i n g t h e o r d e r i n wh i c h t h e s e r i v e r s a r e n a me d i t i s ,

c l e a r l y t o b e i d e n t i fi e d wi t h t h e H y p a n i s n o w ca l l e d t h e B u g a ,
-
,

r iv e r o f E u r o p e a n S a r mat i a D a n a p e r : e l s e wh e r e ca l l e d B o r y
-
.

s th e n e s ( s e e V t h e D n i e p e r wh i c h l i k e t h e o t h e r t wo s t r e a ms ,

m e n t i o n e d a b o v e em p t i e s i n t o t h e B l a c k S e a T a u r u s r a n g e : a
, .
I 48 J ORDA N E S Z O R I G I N A N D D EE D S O F T H E G O T H S

r i dg e in th e Ch e r s o n e s u s Ta u r i ca , no w t he Cr i me a Lak e .

M a e o ti s : t he S ea of Az o v . B o sp h oru s : t he C i mm er i-a n B o s -

p ho rus,
'
the o ut l e t of th e Sea of Az ov . A r a xe s : a r iv e r
. of

A r me n i a w t h e A r as ,
l i k e a mus h r o o m : c o mp a r e C a s s i o
no .

do rus va r 3 i ma ( o f t h e mo u n t a i n ) g ra ci l i o r a s u n t q u a m
‘

.
,

ca c u mi n a et in mo l li s s i mi f u n g i mo d o s uper i us ex t en d i tu r cu m ,

i n f e r i o r e pa r t e te n u e tu r . A l ba n i : t h e n a t iv e s of A l ba n i a on th e
C a s p i a n , n o w S c h i r wan .
!
S e r e s : t h e Ch i n e s e .

31 . P er s i s : a coun tr y b e t we e n C a r ma n i a , M e di a a n d S u s ia n a ,

no w Fars o-r F a rs i s t an
-
. He r e t he wo r d s ee ms t o be u s e d i n a 1

mo r e g en e r al s en s e f o r :P e r s i a . H ibe r i a : or I be r i a ,
'
n ear th e
C a uc a s u s , no w Ge o r g i a
'
.

32 . B ory s t h e n i s , O l bi a : th e t o wn of O l bi a , a c o l on y f ro m -

M i l et u s , wa s S itu a t e d at th e m o ut h of th e ri v e r Bo r y st h e n e s .

Th e exp r e s s i o n B a r i th e n i d e , Ol bi a , i n d i ca t es t h a t J o r da n e s , fo l
l o wi n g h i s li t e ra r y f o r t h i s p a s s a g e , t o oik t h e s e a s t h e
s ou r c e -

na me s of t wo t o wn s . H o we v e r i t s e e ms n o t u n li k e l y t h a t B o r y s
tIh-e n i s an m e re l y t wo n a me s f o r t h e s ame p l a ce
d O l bi a a re

( s e e S t r a bo 7 3 T h e r e we r e s e v e r a l t o wn s o f Gr e e k o r i gi n
"

.
-
, , ,

n a me d IO l bi a a n d J o r d a n e s h i ms e l f ( R o ma n a
, I 67) me n ti o n s a n ,

o t h e r O l bi a i n S a r di n i a S a v a g n e r ( p 3 60 ) i n c o r r e c t l y i n de x e s. .

“
O l bi a o n t h e B o r y s t he n e s u n d e r O l b i a ( T e r r a Nu o v a ) c a p it a l e -

C a ll i p o l i s : p r o b a b l y i n t h e T a u r i c C h e r
’
d e l i l e d e S a r da ig n e .

s on e s e . Ch e r s on : on t h e E u x i n e , p e r’h a p s E u pa t o r i a , a c it y o f
t h e T a u r i c C h e r s o ne s e . Th e o do s i a : a t o wn of the T a ur i c Ch e r
s o n e s e, no w C a ff a.
or F e o do s ia .
‘

Ca r e on : s in c e t h i s is p l a c e d
b e t we e n Th e o d o s i a M y r mi c i o n ( s e e S t r ab o 7 4 an p d , , , .

th e p l a c e me a n t i s e v i den t l y P a n t i c a p a e u m ( n o w K e r t s c h ) in - -
'

t h e T a u r i c Ch e r s o n e s e M y r mi c i o n : a l s o i n t h e Ta u r i c C h e r
.

son ese T r a p e z u s : a c i t y i n P o n t u s n o w T re b i z o n d
. Rh i ,
-
. .

p a c i a n mo u n t a i n s : a r a n g e o f m o u n t a i n s s u p p o s e d t o b e i n t h e
n o rth e r n p art of S c yt hi a . Ta n a i s : t h e r iv er Don . S e e O r o s iu s ,
I ,
2, 4 .
5 : R i ph a ei mo n tes Ta n a i m fl u vi u m fu n du n t q ui
M a e o tid a s a ug e t pa l u d es .

33 . G ep i da e : see X VI I 9 4 9 I5
-
T i s ia : t h e P a t i s u s , a riv e r

o f H u n g a r y, no w t'h e T h e i s s
l
. F l u t au s i s M o mms en th i n k s i t
: »

p r o ba b l e t h a t t h i s r iv e r o f H un gary i s t h e s a m e a s t h e A l u ta m e n
t i o n e d by J o r lda n e s i n X I I 74 .

34 . V e n et h i : M -u e l l e n h o ff up h o l d s t h i s
'
s pe l l in g wh ic h h e '
sa ys
is confi r me d by the Go t h i c V i n i th Os .

35 . No v i o d un u m : in lo we r Mo e s i a , p ro ba bl y t he m o de r n
I s a k t s c ha -
.

V i div a r M h ofl ys t ha t t h i s me ( o f wh i c h
'

36 u e l l e n’ Vi vi
'
. n: -
sa na

da r i i i n .
XV I I 96 i s , a c o r r u p t f o r m) , i s a h y b r i d de r i v e d f r o m t h e :

i s l a n d s b et we e n th e mo u th s o f t h e V i s t u l a a n d t h e a dj a c e n t
I SO J ORDA N E S I O RI GI N AN D D E EDS OF TH E G OT H S

A eg y pti S cy th is be l lu m pr i mus i n di x i t . S cy th a e Ve
s oz e m t er r i tu m r ef u g er e i n r e g n u m cog u n t c . 1 5 : apu d S cy tha s
du o r eg i l i u ve n e s P ly n o s e t S c o l opy th u s i n g en te m i u v e n tu t e m
s e cu m tr a xer e per i n s i di as tr u ci da n tur . h o r u m u x o r es e x i li o
a c v i d u i ta t e mu n t
per mo ta e A maz o n es di cta e V eso
ar ma su .

s i s : S e s o s t r i s o f E g yp t R a me s es I I t h e Gre a t T r a di t i on t r a n s
’
l
.
, ,

f o r me d h i m i n t o t ha t mi l i t a r y h e r o wh o m t h e Gr e e k s k n e w a s
Z éa wa r pt s ( H e r o d 2 1 02 1 1 0 ) o r E ea éwa cs ( D i o d S i c
.
,
I 53 -
. .
, ,
‘

a n d t o wh o m t h e y a s c r i be d f a b u l o u s e x p e d it i o n s t o T h r a c e a n d

I n di a .

45 . n ev e r s o l i d ifi e d :Ta n a i s e x Riph a e o se e M el a , I ,
19 , 1 15 :

mon te d ei e c tus a de o pr a e ceps r ut t u t cu m vi ci n a fl u mi n a tu m

'

, , ,

M a e o tis e t B o s ph or us tu m P o n ti a li q u a br u ma l z r ig o r e du r e n t u r ,
'

s o l u s a es tu s hi e me mq u e i u x ta f e r e n s i de m s e mperr e t s u bs i mi l i s .

i n ei ta tu s q u e d e cu r r a t b o u n d a r y o f A s i a an d E u r o p e : c o mp a r e
.

Or o s iu s 1 , 2, 4 , 52 .

46 . as fr om i ts mo t h e r : M el a ,
2, 7: Ca l l ipi da s H y pa n is l n
I ,

c l u di t : ex g r a n di pa lu d e or i tu r , q ua m ma tr e m e i u s a cco l a e appe l la n t
d eflui t fi sh M el a 6 : B or ys th e n e s
'

et di u q u o lzs n a tu s es t . : ,
2, 1,

pa bu lo ma g n os q u e pi s c e s q ui bu s e t opti mu s s a por
'

a li t l a e ti s s l n n ,

et n u l la os s a s unt IS o l i n u s
. 15 1 : i n q u o ( B o r y s t h en e s ) pi s c es
, ,

q ua m
'

eg r e g i t s a po r i s et q u i bu s o s s a n u l la s u n t n e e a li u d car ti la g i n es
te n e r r l ma e . E xa mp a e u s M el a : ,
2, I , 7: ta n tu m n on l on g e a

ma r l pa rv o f o n t e
ex cog n o men es t a d e o a ma r as a q u a :
c ui E xa mph e o

a c ci pi t u t zps e q u o q u e i a m s u i di s s i mi li s e t n on d u l ci s h i n c d efl ua t
'

.
,

As i a c es pr ox i mu s i n ter Ca l li ppi da s A s i a ca s q u e d es c e n di t Ca l l i .

p i da e a n d H y p a n i s : t h e s e two t o wn s a t t h e mo u t h o f t h e D a n a p e r
( o r B o r y s t h e n e s ) a r e n o t t o be i den t ifi e d wi t h a n y o t h e r t o wn s
me n t i o n e d by J o r d a n e s i n V 3 2 F o r Ca l l i p i d a e s e e S t r a b o . .
, ,

1 2 3 2 1 p 55 0
, , ,
A ch ill e s : M e l a 2 7 98 : Leu c e B or y s th e n i s os ti o
. .
, , ,

o bi e e ta ( i n s u l a ) pa r va a d mo du m e t q u o d i bi A c hi ll es s i tu s es t ,

A ch i l l ea
'

c og n o n un e .

V I 4 7 Ta n au s i s : th e r e i g n o f th i s c o nt e mp o r a r y o f V e s o s i s
.

( S e s o s t r i s ) i s a s s i g n e d b y Gut s c h mi d t o 1 3 2 3 1 2 90 B C S ee -
. .

ch r o n o l o g i c a l c h a r t p 38 P h a s i s : a r iv e r o f Co l ch i s n o w . .

t h e R i o n i e mp t y i n g i n t o t h e B l a c k S e a
,
c on q u e r e d a ll .

A s i a : A si a Mi n o r, o f c our s e . I u s -t i n u s , I ,
I ,
6: f u er e . V ez os i s
A eg ypti et S cy th i a e r ex Ta n a u s , q u or u m a l te r i n P o n tu m , a l te r

us qu e A egyptu m e x c es s i t . 2, 3,8 : pr i mu s S cy thi s be l l u m i n di xi t

‘

V e z os i s r ex A eg y pti u s S cy th a e l eg a ti s r es po n de n t
n on e xpe c ta tu r o s S cy th a s d u m ad se ve n ia tu r n ec d i c ta r es

mo r a ta r ex in f uga m v e r ti tu r S cy th a s ab A e g ypt o
pa lu de s pr oh i bu er e i n de r ev er s i A s i a m pe r d o n uta m v e c ti g a l e m
'

f e cer e S or n u s : a s t h e r e i s n o m e n t i o n o f S o r n u s i n J u s t i n s
’
.

n a r ra t i v e t h i s s t at e me n t ma y h a v e b e e n t a k e n f r o m P o mp e i u s
,

Tr o g u s d i r e c tl y e it h e r by J o r d a n e s o r h i s s o u rc e
,
'
.
 C O M M E NT A RY

48 . P o mp e i u s Tr o g u s sa ys : s ee the e p i to me of T r o g us in
m ipsi ( S cy th a e ) P or th os B a cma n os q u e f e m/i
'

I u s t in u s , 2, I , 3 : cu ,

nae a u t e m e o r u m A ma z o n u m r eg n a c o n di d e r i n t C o mp a r e A r r i a n u s .

Hdpdo vs 6é (pna w é1r l E CO QJ O Tpl aOS

I

P a t h ( i n P h o t iu s c o d
. ,
' '

r o
'
f!
Aly wr r l wv Ba o t k éws Ka l I a z/ozfia ov
’
T cbv cl u b
’

a va éa ov r oii v d
( T d )
' '

r o g u s r e a

xcbpa s E nvdl a s 5 2s T ip! vfiv uer omfio a t S e e d i sc u s s i o n o f s o u r ce s ,

'

71 : 3 .

p .
30 . P a rt hi : I u s t i n u s 4 1 , 1 , P a r thi S cy th ar u m e xu l es
,
.

fu er e h oe e ti a m i ps or u m v o ca bu l o ma n i f e s ta twr na m S cy th i c o s er
.
,

mo n e e xu l es P a r thi di cu n tu r .

V II 49 Lamp e t o an d M a r p e s i a : I u s t i n u s 2 4 1 2 1 4 : dud e h i s
. .
, , ,
-

( A ma z o n zbu s ) r eg i n a e f u er e M ar pe s ia e t La mpe t o q ua e i n d ua s
’

pa r t es a g n un e di vi s o vi c i bu s g e r e ba n t be l l a s o li t er mi n o s a l
'

t e r n i s d ef e n d e n t e s i ta q u e ma i o r e pa r t e E u r opa e s u ba c ta A s ia e
q u o q u e n o n n u l la s ci vi ta t es o c cu pa v er e C o mp a r e O r o s 1 15 . .
,
:
,
.

5o V e r gil : Ae n
. 6 4 7I : gu a m s i dur a s i l e x a u t s t e t M a r pes i a
.
, ,

ca u te s B u t V e r g il i s r e f e r r i n g t o t h e mo u n t a i n i n t h e i s l a n d
.

of P aros W h e r e t h e ma r bl e q u a r r i e s we r e
,
S e r v iu s o n A e n 6 . .
,

4 71 . C a s p i an Ga t e s : t h e S i r d a r p a s s L a z i : a t r u c e wi th -
.

P e r s i a c o n c l u d e d in 54 5 wa s b r o k e n i n 54 9 :by t h e R o ma n s wh o .

i
g av e a s s s t a ce t o t e
n h ir f o r m er de p e n d e t
n s th e L a z i ( i n h a bi
'
,

t a n t s o f a n c i e n t Co l c h i s ) i n t h e i r wa r wi t h P e r s i a For the ,
.

La z i c wa r s e e B u r y H i s t o r y o f t h e L a t e r R o ma n E mp i r e I 4 4 1
,
.

51 H a l y s : a l a r g e r i v e r o f A s i a M i n o r fl o wi n g i n t o t h e B l a c k
.
-

S e a n o w ca l l e d t h e Kyzy l i r mak
.
,
Gan g r a : a c i t y o f P a p h l a -
.

g o n i a a f t e r wa r d s c a l l e d Ge r ma n i c o p o l i s n o w K i a n k a r i th e y
- -
.
, ,

b u il t a t e mp l e f or D i an a : t hi s
. t ra d i t i o n of a s h r in e to
A r t e mi s bu i l t b y t h e A ma z o n s i s f o u n d i n ma n y c l a s s i c a l wri t e r s .

F r o m t h e e x c a v a t i o n s o f M r D a v i d H o g a r t h , wih o t h o r o u g h l y .

e x p l o r e d t h e s i t e i n 1 904 1 90 5 it a p p e a r s t h a t n o l e s s t h a n fi v e
‘
-
,

t emp l e s o f A r t e mi s we r e s uc c e s s i v e l y e r e ct e d o n th e sp ot Wh e r e
the ruin s are s t il 1 = fo un d '

to -
da y . Th e fo u rth , or l a st bu t o n e,

i s th at me n t i o n e d by H e r o d o t u s (I , t o wa r d wh i c h C r o e s u s i s
s aid t o h av e c o n t r i bu t e d c o l u mn s . It wa s i n bu i l di n g i n t h e y ear
550 B C . . Th e l a s t an d g r e a t e s t, wh i ch ran ked as o ne of t he
s ev e n wo n d e r s o f t h e wo r l d wa s b e g u n a b o u t 3 50 B C a n d i t , . .
,

wa s t h i s wh i c h wa s s ac k e d i n t h e y e a r 2 62 A D b y t h e Go t h s . .
,

a s me n t i o n e d by J o r d a n e s i n X X 1 0 7 ( S e e Th e A r c h a i c A r t e .
‘

rn i s iia D a v i d H o g a r t'h L o n d o n
, Wi t h t h i s p a s s a g e c o m , ,

p a r e I u s tin u s 2 4 ( A ma z on es ) ma i or e pa r te E ur opa e
, , ,

Asi a e qu oq u e ci v i ta t e s pa ve r e : i bt E ph es o
'

s u ba c ta n o n n u l la s o c cu

mu l ti s q u e a lus u r bi bu s Co mp a r e Or o s i u s , 1 , 1 5
'

c o n di ti s . .

52 . a h u n dr e d y ea r s : s ee Or o s i u s 1 , I 6 : mu ll e r e s pa tr i a pr ofu g a e
,

E ur opa m a t qu e Asi a m i n tr a v elr u n t per va g a ta e s u n t d e l e ve r u n t '

m po e n e a u n t s ( Go th or u m) f e ml n a e ma l o
'

c e n tu t e n u er u n t
r e ru t e r r a r u m pa r te m i mme n s is ca e di bu s d e l e v er u n t . ca me bac k
1 52 J OR DA N E S Z O R I G I N A ND D E E D S O F T H E G O T H S

I u s t in u s , pa r te m 2, 4 ,
e x er ci tu s cu m i n g e n ti pr a eda d o mu m
d i mi ttu n t C o mp a r e O r o s i u s ,. I ,
15 . h a ve me n t i o n e d : s ee VII
50 . C a u c a s u s mo u n t ai n s : s ee S o l i n u s 3 8, lo: mo n s Ta u r u s ab

I nd i c o pru nu rn ma r i s u r g i t n o mi n a tu s in
'

I2 u ht .

ex ce l s i s s l n za m co n s u r g i t s u bl i mi ta t e m Ca u cas u s 1 3 : q u a n tus

mer i di e m v i d e t, s o le i n a es tua t ; q u i dq u i d s ept e rn tr i o n i oppo s i tum e s t .

pr u i n a
’

v en to t u n d ztu r et .

53 . V a s i a n e n s i an r e g i on : s o me p a r t o f A r m e n i a i s me a n t p e r ,

h ap s the B a mN a nWi o f ( P t o l o ma e u s 5 Red Sea : t h e

'
I3 13 , , .

P e r s i a n Gu l f .

54 . th e A r a xe s : -
see n ote on V 30 . th e Cy ru s : no w the
K ur, a r iv e r Ar axe s t h e C amb y s e s , th e
e mp t y i n g i n t o th e .

J o r a a li tt le r i v e r o f Alb a n i a w‘h i c h e mp t i e s i n t o t h e Cy r u-s

,
'
.

cu t b y t h i s r i v e r : t h e I s t e r o r Da n u b e cu t s t h ro u g h t h e m o u n t a i n

ra n g e s at t h e I ro n Ga t e s . M o mms e n reg a rd s H i s tr i i n th e t e x t
as i n co r r e c t g e o g r a p h i ca l l y , t h o ug h s up p o r t e d by
'
a ll th e ma n u -

s -c r i p t s . He th in ks t h e D a n a pe r , and n ot t h e I s t er , i s t h e r iv e r

here me a n t A t a n y r a t e J o r da n e s d o e s n o t s a y s o i n S c y th i a
“
. .
,

i s n a me d T a u r u s a l s o : t h a t i s i n t h e T a u r i c C h e r s o n es e o r ,
'

Cr i me a ; s e e n o te o n V 3 0 .

55 . Ca s p i a n Ga t e s : s e e
:
50 A r me n ia n
n o te on VII .

C i l i c i an : se e S o l i n u s 3 8 , I 3 : u bi d e h i s ci t h i u l c is i u g i s f a ci t por ta s , ,

q u a r u m pr i mate s u n t A r me n l a e tu m Ca s pi a e, pos t Ci li cia e

,
I ma u s .

t h e H i mal a y a rang e . P ar o p a mi s u s
'
mo u n t a i n c h a i n o f c e n
: a

t ra l A si a , no w t h e H i n duk us c h . Ch o a t ra s : mo u n t a i n s o f A s s y
r ia an d M e d ia Ni p h a t e s : p a r t o f t h e T a u r u s r a n g e i n A r
.

m e n i a t h e m o d e r n All a d a gh C o mp a re a l s o S o l i n u s 3 8 1 2 : pr o
,
.
-
.
-
,

g e n ti u m a c li n g u a r u m va r i e ta te pl u r if a r i a m n o nu n a tu s a pu d I n d o s
'

I amu s mo x P r opa nzs us Ch oa t r as a pu d P o r th os pos t Ni ph a te s

‘

, .
, ,

i n d e Ta u r u s a t q u e u bi i n e x ce l s zs s zma m c o n s u r g zt s u bl i mi ta t e m Ca u
' ' '

c as u s i n te r ea e ti a n t a popu li s a ppe l la ti o n e m tr a h i t
. .

V I I I 56 d e s t r oy i n g t h e l i f e : I u s t i n u s 2 , 4 , 9 I O
. . . 11 . ne g e n us
i n te r i r e t c o n c u bi t u s fi n i ti mo r u m i n e u n t
, s i q u i ma r e s . n as c e r e n tur ,

i n te r fi c i e ba n t : mr g i n es i n m i psi s mor e m mi s
’

e u n de ar e q u/i s

ti o mbu s C o mp a r e O r o s i u s
'

v e na e x e r ce ba n t . I ,
13 .

57 . H e r c u l e s : I u s ti n u s , 2, 4 ,
2 1 - 24 : H er c u l es ad li t us A maz o
nu m a dpl i cui t, mu l ta e ca e s a e ca pta e q u e , in hi s M ela
n ippe ab H er cu l e ,
H i ppo ly te a Th e s e o Th es eu s o bte n ta in
pr a e mzu m ca pti va ea n d e m i n ma tr i mo n i u m a ds u mps i t e t e x e a
'

g e n u i t H ippo ly tu m Co mp a r e Or os i u s 1 , 1 5 P e n th e si l e a :
. .

O r o s i u s I 1 5 : po s t Or l th y za m P e n th es i l ea r e g n o po tl ta e s t cu zus
' '

Tr o i a n o be l l o c l ar i s s i mo i n t er vi r os d o cu me n ta vi r tu ti s a cc epi mus '

.

C o mpa r e I u s ti n u s 2 4 3 1 t h e ti me o f A l e xa n d e r t h e Gr e a t :
, , .

I us tin u s 2, 4 , 3 2 : i n terf e c ta d e l u d e P e n th e s i l e a pa u ca e quae

in r eg u a re ma n s e ra n t us q u e ad t e mpo r a A l e xa n de r ma g n i
d u r ave r u n t .
 1 54 J ORDA N E S Z ORI GI N AND D E ED S O F T H E G OT H S

d uc e n ta mili a P er s ar u m cu m ips o r eg e tr u ci da v i t . Co mp a re O r o s i us
T o my r i s ,
“
2, 7 . .as I have s ai d : in th e l a s t s e n t en c e ab o v e ,

qu een of the Ge t a e .
”
O bs e r v e t ha t M omms e n s
’
co mme n t n on

d i xi t a n te a is ca n ce ll e d i n h i s t a bl e o f c or r ig e n d a .

62 . Le ss er S cy t h i a : a d i s t r i c t o f M o e s ia , bo r d e r i n g on t he
Bl a c k S e a,
. n o w D o b r u dj a l
. T o mi : f a mo u s as t he p l a ce of

O v id b a n i s hm e n t , w K o s t e n dj é i n B u lg a r i a
’
s no .

63 . A n t y ru s : see O r o si u s D ar ius A n ty r o r egi S cy th a

ru m ha c ve l ma x i me ca u s a be ll u m i n tu l i t, q u o d fi l i a e e i us pe ti tas s i bi
nu pti a s n on o bti n u i s s e t c u m s epti n g e n ti s mi li bu s a r ma t o r u m
S cy th i a m i n g r e s s u s me tu e n s , n e s i bi r e di t u s i n t er r upto pon t e
H i s tr i flu mi n i s n eg a r e tu r , o mi s s i s LXXX mi li bu s be l l a t or u ni tr e
pi du s r ef u g i t T h e c o r r u p t f o rm o f t h e n a me An t y r u s ( t he
.
I

I ad p oumo s o f H e r o d o t u s 4 76) s h o ws t h a t: J or d a n e s d r e w u p o n
'

O r o s iu s r a t h e r t ha n u p o n t h e v e r y s i m il a r a cc o u n t g i v e n by
I u s tin u s 2 5 8 1 0 C h a l c e d o n : o r C a l c h e d o n n o w K a di k oi a
, , .
, ,

t own i n B i t h y n ia o n t h e S ea o f M a r m o r a d i re c t l y o p p o s it e C o n
‘

s tan tin op l e B yz a n t i u m : t h e a n c i e n t c i t y u p o n wh o s e s i t e
.

C o n s t a n t i n o p l e wa s a f t e r wa r d s bu i l t T a p a e : n o t d efi n i t e l y .

l o c a t e d bu t a p p a r e n t l y n e a r t h e D a n u b e
,
T h e p l a c e i s me n .

t i o n e d by D i o C a s s i u s 67 . 10 an d

64 . X e r xe s : see O ro s i u s X er xe s se pti n g e n t a mi li a ar ma
t or u m d e r eg n o et tr e c e n ta mi lia d e a u xi li i s r os tra ta s e ti a m n a ves ,

mi l l e d u c e n ta s ,
o n er a r i a s a u te m tr i a mi l i a n u me r o h a bu i s s e na r r a

tu r . See al s o I u s t in u s 2, 1 0, 1 8- 20 .

65 . M e do p a , t h e da u g h t e r o f K i n g Gu di l a : Sa t y r u s i n At h e
n aeus I 3, 5 p s 5 7 ( 1 s p e a k s o f K odfik a s 6
1 .
Opqucé v fi a a cketfis , For
M e do p a s e e S t e p h a n u s o n t h e wo r d Ted Ka i 977k I ém
‘
d : 13
¢ $
’

ws yvmq Autfiwov
’

oii r fi S a t y r u s i n At h e
‘

yet p éxa k ei r
‘
7 017
' ‘ ' '
o r o ,

n aeus 13, 5 p 557 (1 . call s h e r Mt oa Odes s us : . a c it y of l o we r

M o e s ia o n th e B la c k S e a , n ow V a rn a .

66 . S i t al c e s P e r d i c ca s : a c c o r di n g t o T hu c di d e s y (2 ,

in t h e year 4 29 B C S i t a lc e s , . . Kin g o f t h e O dr y s a e c o n cl u d i n g a n

a l l ia n c e wi t h t h e A t h e n i a n s , iti o n a g ain s t
u n de r t o o k an e xp e d

Kin g P e r d i c ca s I I o f Ma c e d o n a n d s e n t a g a i n s t h im a n a r my
of me n . T h u c y d i d e s a l s o me n t i o n s t h e Ge t a e ( 2 .

Alum! Mp )
‘
d vla r na e u in r ed I ér a s 60 0
‘
'
. r oz
zs Vr t Ka i . d a. r @ 1 69
'
I a r p ov b Odk a a o a v #
’
'
« or a l/0 6 . 1rp s 1k
0 7 1 1/ 7 00Efi e i uo u
3 fi 7r 6v1 '

ov K a T QJ KnT O
’
ai d
ml
’
5 I ér a t i y duopo l ouéa xe vm mi
‘ ’

oi 02r a rt E xodu s Ka i x Eu n or osor a t

'
r e r oi s /r e s .

M o mms e n b e l i e v e s t ha t t h i s i n fo r ma t i o n wa s :a l s o f o un d i n D i o
C h r y s o s t om s Ge ti ca a n d t h a t Ca s s i o d o r u s t o o k i t f r o m th i s
-
’

s o ur ce B u t J o r d a n e s f o l lo wi n g C a s s i o d o r u s
. c o n fu s e s P er , ,

d i c c a s I I a g a i n s t wh o m S i t a l ce s ma d e wa r i n 4 2 9 B C wi t h t h e
, . .
,

o th er P e r di c c a s , t h e g e n e r a l a n d s u c ce s s o r o f Al e x a n d e r t h e
Gr e at a c e n t u r l a t e r , a n d r e g a r d i n g hi m a s i n a wa y t h e r u l e r
'
y
 C O M M E N T A RY

of A t h e n s , i n v e r t s th e p a r t p l a y e d by th e A t he n i a n s i n t h a t wa r .

Al e xa n d e r : O r o s i u s 3 , 20 : A l e xa n d er apu d B a by l o ni a m cu m
mi n i s tr i i n s idii s v e n e n u m po ta s s e t i n te r i i t ,
.

X I 67 . B ur u i s t a : s eeSt r a b o 7, 3 , 5 p 2 98 ; 7, 3 , 1 1 p 3 03 ; . .

I 6, 2, 39 p .
762 . H o 'd g k i n ( I I 96) s a y s B u r u i s t a i s p e r h a p s t h e
.

sa me as B o e r e bi s l a s , a kin g of D a c i a i n t h e t i me of Au g u s t u s .

S u l l a : wi t h [S u l l a di c t a t o r s h i p ( 82 79 B C ) we h a v e t h e fi r s t
’
l
s -
. .

de fi n i t e f
r e e r en ce i n t h e Ge ti ca t o h i s t o r i cal Ro man t i me s th e .

F r an ks no w p os s e s s : Ch l o dwi g ( Cl o vi s ) h a d d e f e a t e d t h e A l a -

ma n n i in 4 9 6 .
[ Bu ry ( I
‘
2 84 ) g iv e s t h e da t e a s
68 . i s la n d s be yon d our wo r l d : so t h e R om a n s r e g a r de d

B r i t a in . u na bl e to p r e v a i l a g ai n s t t h e Go t h s : see O r o s iu s
I , I 6 : Ca es a r d e c li n a v i t ( tlh e Ge t a e ) .

69 . b e l a gi n e s : M u e ll e n h o ff
-
argu e s fro m th e c h r o n i cl e s of

I s i do rus t ha t t h e Go th s h a d
r
no wr it t e n l a ws be f o r e th e r e ig n

of E u ri ch ( 4 66 an d t hi n k s t h a t J o r da n e s or Ca s s i o d o r u s ha s
g iv e n t h e Go th s c r e dit fo r a th in g to ld by Dio of th e Ge t a e .

t we l v e s i gn s : of th e Z o di a c Wi t h th is wh o l e ( X I 69
'

.
p a s s ag e
70 ) c o mp a r e W-h a t A t h a l a r i c wr i t e s t o C a s s i o d o r u s , v a r 9 , 2 4
‘
.

K
( i n g T h e o d o r i c ) c u m e s s e t pu bl i ca cwr a va cu a tu s s e n t e n ti a s pr u ,

d en tu m f a bu li s e xi g e ba t
a tu i s s te lla r u rn c u r s us ma r i s s i n u s , ,

f o n ti u m mi r a cu la r i ma t or a c wti s s i mu s i n q u i r e ba t u t r er u in n a tur is ,

di l i g e n ti u s pe r s cr u ta ti s q u i da m pu r pur a tu s vi d e r e tu r e s s e ph i l o s o ph u s .

72 . Ca p i l la t i : C a s s i o d or u s v a r 4 4 9 : u n i v e r s i s pr o vi n ci a li bu s
s ee .
,

et ca pi l l a ti s , d ef e n s or i bu s e t c u r i a li bu s S u a vi a c o n s i s te n ti bu s Th e o
d er i cu s r ex .

73 . C o mo s i c u s C o r y l l u s : t h e s e Go t h i c ki n g s do m
n o t s ee

t o be
'

m e n t i o n e d e l s e wh e r e i n a n c i e n t l i t e r a t u re . Bu t Gu t s ch mi d
( P r o s op Og r aph i a i mpe ri i R o ma n i p 4 73 1 2 4 4 ) .
,
co n j e ct u r e s t h at
Co ry l lu s s h ou l d be S c o ry l lu s , c i ti n g F r o n tin u s S t r a t o g e ma t o n
I ,
1 0, 4 : S c or y l o d u x D a c o r u m .

X I I 73 . an cie n t D a c i a : D a c ia was t he na me a p p li e d
-
o r ig in

all y to the r eg io n wh i ch li e s b e t we e n t h e D a n ub e , t h e T h e i s s , t h e
Ca r pa t h i a n s an d th e P r u t h,
‘

ext e n di n g ov er p a rt o f m o de r n H u n
gar y W al l a ch ia
, M o l d a v i a wit h T r a n s y l v a n i a a s i t s c e n t r a l
an d ,

di st r i c t T h e D a c i a n s u n d e r D e c e b a l u s we r e d e f e at e d by T r a j a n
.

i n 1 02 a n d 1 0 7 i n ca mp a i g n s s t il l c o mme mo r a t ed a t R o m e by
,

T r a j a n s co l u mn a n d t h e i r c o u n t r y be c a me a R o ma n p r o v i n ce
’
, ( On .

t h e l i mi t s o f t h e Ro ma n p r o v i n ce o f Da ci a s e e H o d g k i n i n t h e E n g i
,

l i s h Hi s t o r i ca l R e v ie w I I 1 00 A u r e l i a n ( 2 70 2 75 ) fi n a l l y
,
-

a b a n d o n e d i t s et t l i n g i t s i n h ab i t a n t s i n a n e w p r o v i n c e wh i c h h e
,

l i k e wi s e n a me d D a c i a T h i s n e w D a c i a wa s c r e at e d f r o m p a r t s
.

o f M o e s i a S u p e r i o r a n d I n f e r i o r ( H i s t A ug V it a A u r e l i a n i .
,

a n d c o n s i s t e d o f t h e ea s t e r n h a l f o f S e r v ia a n d t h e we s t e r n e n d

o f B ul g a r i a I t wa s e v e n tu a l l y d i v i d e d i n t o D a ci a Ri pe n s i s wi t h
.
,
1 56 J OR DA N E S Z O R I G I N A N D D E E D S O F T H E G OT H S

it s Ca p i t a l a t R a t-i a r i a o n t h e D a n u b e , a n d D a ci a M e di te r r a n e a
wi t h it s c ap i ta l a t S -e r d i ca mo de r n S ofi a ( t h e c ap i t a l o f B u l ,

ga r i a ) . Af t e r t h e dis r up ti o n of A t ti l a
’
s e mp i r e i n 4 54 D a cia ,

na me l y t h a t p a rt of H u n g a r y wh i c h l i e s e a s t a n d n o r t h of th e
D a n u be ,
fe l l to t h e l o t of t h e Ge p i d ae u n d e r A r da r i c .

74 . B o ut a e : not me n t i o n e d els e wh e r e . P o s s i bl y a c o r r u p ti o n

of P ons See Jung ,

R ome r un d R o ma n e n i n de n
D o n a u l an d e r n
i
( I n n s b r u c k 1 887) p 1 1 8 n 2 R oxo l a n i : a . . .

p e o p l e d w e l li n g be t we e n t h e r i v e r s D o n a n d D n i e p e r
l I a zy .

g e s : a Sa r ma t i a n p e o p l e o n t h e D a n u be S a rma t ia n s : a g r e a t .

S l a v i c p e o p l e d we l l i n g f r o m t h e V i s t u l a t o t h e Do n i n t he
: -
,

mo d e r n P o l a n d a n d R u s s i a B a s t e m a e : t h e y d we l t :i n t h e .

l a n ds alo ng th e u p p e r r e a c he s of t h e V i s t u la n o r th of t h e Ca r

p a th i an mo u n t ai n s . Al u t a : a i
r ver of Hun g ary , no w the Al t .

T h e R o x o la n i h e r e me n t i o n e d :b y J o r da n e s are t h e R h ox o l a n i ,
S a r ma ti c a g en s o f T a c it u s H i s t o r i e s 1 , 79 , .

75 A l a ma n n i : Ge r ma n t r i b e s Wh o f o r me d
. a c on f e d e r at i o n
on th e u pp e r Rh i n e and Da n u b e , an d f rom wh o m th e na tio n

g o t its na me . C o mp a r e t h e F r e n ch
'

A l l e ma g n e . s i xt y s t r ea ms :
see A mm ia n us 2 2, 8, 4 4 : D a n u vi u s s e xa g i n ta n a vi g a bi l e s pa e n e
r e c i pi e n s fluvi os . B e s si : a s a v a g e ra ce in T h ra c e , n e ar th e
H a e mu s m o u n ta i n s , an d in th e i i
v c ni t y of the r iv e r H e bru s .

B ury (II 15) states th at t h e B e s si or S a t r i, i n t h e r e g i on of

R h o do p e , r e ma i n e d l o n g e s t a n at i o n in th e p r e s e n ce
'
c o rp o ra te
of R o ma n i n fl ue n c e s . I n the f o u r th c e nt u r y t h e y we r e c o n v e r t e d
to C h r i s t i a n it y , an d a hu n d r e d y e ar s l a te r s t il l h e l d t h e c h u r ch

s e r vi c e in t h eir o wn t o n gu e . e xc e p t th e Ni l e : Me l a 2, 1, 8:
H i s ter i ng e n s i a m et e or u m q ui in n o s tr u m ma r e d e ci d u n t
.

ta n tu m Ni l o mi n or : an d see S a l l u s t , i n Ge ll i u s
' ‘
1 0, 7, I .

XI I I 76 . O pp i u s S a b in u s g ove rn o r af t e r A g ri pp a
Po u t e i-u s A g r i p p a wa s g ov e r n o r of Mo e s ia i n 69 70 ( T a c i t us H i s -
,

t o rie s 3, 4 6 a n d J o s e p h u s B e ll . I ud .
7, 4 , a nd l o s t h is l ife
r e s i s tin g a n at t a c k of t he S a r m:a t a e . O p p i u s S a b i n u s ( a b o ut 8 5
or 86) d i d n o t su cce e d h i m d i r e c t l y, as J or d a n e s se e ms t o i mp l y ,

fo r th e r e we r e at l ea s t four g o v e r n o r s i n b e t we e n .
( S e e St o u t ,

Th e G o ve r n o r s M o e s ia P r in ct o n 1 9 1 1 p 2 1 n
of S a bi n u s
,
-
, , .
, .

wa s c o n s u l i n 84 p r o ba bl y we n t t o M o e s i a a s g o v e r n o r t h e f o l
,

l o wi n g y e a r a n d wa s k i l l e d i n 85 o r 86
,
D o r p a n eu s : t h e D i n r .

of O r o s i u s 7, 1 0 , 4 Fr o m P e t r u s P at r ic i u s f r 4 ( 4 , I 85
‘

p a n eu s
‘
. .

M uel l ) i t i s c l e a r t h a t h e i s t o b e i d e n t i fi e d wi th D e c e ba l u s ,
'

. .

t h e f a mo u s D a ci a n l e a d e r .

77 . D o mi t i a n h a s t e n e d : u p o n t h e de a t h o f S a bi n u s D o mi t i a n
o ut i n p e r s o n f o r t h e D a n u b e :but g a v e C o r n e l i u s F u s c u s h i s
‘
set , ,

pr a e fe c tus pr a e t or i a ,
c harge of th e wa r . See
. S u et o n ius
D o mi t ia n 6 .
 1 58 J OR D A N E S Z O R I G I N A N D D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

87 . he wa s an o ffi c e r : v i t a 4 : di ns u b A n t o n i n o Ca r a ca l la or d i n es

d u xi t , c e n t ur i a tu s mi l i ta r e s d i g n i ta te s s a epe tr a cta vi t
et c e ter a s .

wh e n M a c ri n u s b e came e mp e r o r : v i ta 4 : s u b M a cr i n a q u o d e u m , ,

q u i i mpe r a t o r i s s u i fi l i u m o cci d e r a t v eh e me n t er o di s s e t a mi li ti a , ,

d es i i t c 5 : M a xi mi n u s
. . tri bu n a s .

88 H e l i o g a b a l u s : o r E l a g atba l u s ; v i t a 4 : o cci s o M a cr i n o
.

u bi H e l i og a ba l u m q u a s i A n t o n i n i fi l i u m i mpe r a t o r e m c o mper i t ,

a d eu m v e ni t Al e xan d e r t h e s o n o f M a ma ea : v i t a 5 q u e m
.
‘

A l ex a n d e r mi r o c u m g a u di o s u s c epi t M o g o n t i a c um : M a .

y en c e o r M a i n z A q u il e i a : s e e O r o s i u s 7 1 8 : ( A l e x a n d e r )
.
,

mi l i ta r i tu mu l tu apu d M og u n ti a cu m i n ter f e c tus es t c 19 : . .

M a xi mi n us n u l la s e na tus v o l u n ta t e i mpe r a t or a b e x e r
c r e a tu s pe r s e cu ti o n e m i n Chrr i s ti a n os e x er cu i t s ed .

t er ti o q u a m r eg n a ba t a n n o a P upi e n o A q u i l ei a e i n t er f e c tus .
.

A q u i l e i a i s a t o wn i n T r i e s t a t t he n o r t h e r n e n d o f t h e A d r i at i c , ,

st il l ca l l e d A q ui l e i a . F or the s to r y of it s s ie g e a n d c ap tur e : by
At t il a , s ee XL
I I 2 19 on wa r d .

X V I 89 . M a r c o ma n n i : a Ge r ma n i c p e o p l e , a p o r t i on of th e
t r i be of th e S u e v i, wh o a ft e r t h ei r d e fe at by D ru s u s mo v e d f r o m
th e Rh i n e an d '
M a in to th e c oun tr y of th e -
B o i i ( B o h e mi a ) .

Q ua di : Ge r ma n i c p e o p l e i n
a th e mod e r n M or a v i a . on e t h ou
s a n d t h y e a r : s o H i e r o n y mu s on th e ye a r of Ab r a h a m 2 2 62 , the
s e co n d of P h i l ip
’
s r e ig n : r eg n a n ti bu s P hi l i ppi s mi l l es i mus a n n us
R o ma n a e u r bi s pl e tu s es t
ex . r e c e iv e d a n n ua l gi f t s : R o me wa s
wi l li n g to p a y t h e Go th s an d o t h er b a r b a r ia n t r i be s s ubs idi e s

c a l l e d s ti pe n di a , an d g i v en as p a y ; bu t t h e . r e c e iv e r mi g h t e a s il y
co me to r egar d t h e m a s g i v e n f o r t r i bu t e .

go . t h e s e na t o r D e ci u s : :h e r eig n e d a s e mp e r o r f r om 24 9 -
25 1 .

O s t r og o t h a : see g e n e a l o g i ca l ch a r t, p .
4 11
, an d XV I I 8
9 1 00
-
.

91 . T ai f a l i : nei gh bo r s o f the Go t h s o n c e s e t t l e d n e a r
, th e
D a n u be i n D a c i a . Zeuss p .
4 33 . A s t r i n g i : b e t t e r A s d i ng ii; see

XXII 1 13 and Z eus s 4 61 . P r o ba bl y n e i g h bo r s of t he T a i fal i .

C a rp i : a D a n u be i n Da c i a Z e u s s p 69 7 T h e y
p e op l e on th e , . .

we r e s u bd u e d by D i o c l e ti a n a n d Gal e r i u s i n 2 9 5 a n d t r a n sp o r t e d
to P a n n o n ia ( B ury I Gal e ri u s
. c o n q u e r e d t h e m : s ee
l

O r o s i u s 7 2 5 1 2 : pe r e o s d e m d u c es ( D i o c l e t i a n a n d Ga le r i u s )
,
-
,

s tr e n u e a dv e r s u s Ca r pos B a s te r n a s q u e pu g n a t u m e s t P e u c in i .

t h e i n h a bi t a n t s o f P c u c e , a p i n e - co v e r e d i s l an d ( peu ce
' -
l « 6 15m;
,

p in e t r e e ) , th e de l t a of t h e D a n u be Ar g a i t h S crip t o r e s
'

-
. z see

H i st o r i a e A u g u s t a e XX Go r d i a n i t r e s 3 1 , 1 : I mpe r a vi t Go r dia n u s
a n n is s e x a tq u e d u m h a ec a g er e n tu r A r g u u t S cy th a r u m r ex fi n i ti
mor u m r eg n a va s ta ba t . M u e l l e n h o ff r e g a r d s A rg a i t h a s t h e
c or r e ct f orm . Gun t h e r i c : s ee T h e Ca mb r id g e M edi a e v a l H i s
tor y ,
I . 203 .

92 . M a r ci a n opl e : i n Lo we r M o es ia , near t he Eu xi n e ; the

 C O M M E NT A RY

g r ea t cit y
b u ilt b y T r a j a n o n t h e n o r t h s lo p e o f t h e B a l k a n s ,
n o w r e p r e s e n t e d by P r a v a d i , n ea r S c h u m-
la ( Ho d g k i n I I . . . .

93 . P o t amus
'

: t he ri v e r P a n y su s ? Th e an o n y mo u s Ge o g r a
p he r of Ra v e n n a (4 6 , p
. . 1 85 ) f o l l ows Jo r da n e s : per q ua m M a r ci a
no po li m me di o tr a n s i t flu vi u s q u i di ci tur P o ta mi a . h is s iste r

M a r c ia n a A mmi a n u s ,
2 7, 4 , 12 :M ys i a , u bi M ar ci a n opo li s es t a

s or o r e Tr o i a ni pr i n ci pi s i ta cog n omi na ta .

X V I I 9 4 i n t h e be g i n ni n g : . s ee IV 25 . th r e e s h ip s : th is
i s t h e fir s t an d o n l y me n t i o n J o r da n e s ma k e s of th e nu mbe r of

t h e sh i p s .

95 .
g p an t a :
e -
M u e ll en h o ff j
r e e ct s t hi s d e r i v at i o n of th e na me
Gepi da e .

96 S p e s i s : o t h e r wi s e u n k n own
. Ho l d e r ( I o r da n is , D e Or ig i n e .

Ac ti bu s q u e Ge tar u m F r e i bu r g 1 882 ) wo u l d r e a d d u m s pes i s pr o

,

vi n c ia V i vi da r i i : s e e n o t e o n V i d i va r i i , V 3 6
. Ge p e d o i o s .

M u e l l e n h o ff p o i n t s o u t t h at h e r e i s t h e n o mi n a t i v e p l u r a l o f t h e
s a me wo r d m e t b e f o r e i n I V 2 7 Oi u m t h a t i s t h e M e a d ows t h e , , , ,

n at i v e n a me f o r S c y t h i a H e c a l l s a t t e n t i o n a l s o t o t h e Ge r ma n
.

a n o r a u e wh i c h h a s t h e s a me m e a n i n g G ep e d o i o s t h u s me a n s .

t h e Gepi d M e a d ows .
4 _

9 7 F a s t i d a : a pp a r e n t l y un k n o wn o u t s i d e t h i s a c c o u n t
.
J or .

d a n e s me n t i o n s a l s o a s k i n g s o f t h e Ge p i da e A r d a r i c ( X X X V I I I
Th r a u s t i l a a n d Th r a s a r i c ( L V I I I ,
B u r g un di a n s : a -

n o r t h e r n t r i b e wh o d we l t b e t we e n t h e O d e r a n d t h e V i s t u l a
-
.

99 . Ga l ti s : M o mms e n s u g g e s t s f o r t h i s t o wn t h e T r a n s y l -

v a n i a n G a lt o n t h e r i v e r A l ut a
-
I t i s n o t me n t i o n e d e l s e wh e r e . .

( H o dg k i n I I .

XV I I I 1 01 Gn i v a : Gu t s c h mi d i d e n t ifi e s hi m wi t h O v i da t h e
.
'
,

g r a n d fa t h e r o f K i n g G e b e r i c h ( me n t i o n e d by J o r d a n e s i n X X I I
1 1 3 ) a n d C a n n a ba o r C a n n aiba u d e s
-
t h e l ea d e r o f t h e Got h s i n
* -
,

t h e r e i g n o f A u r e l i a n ( vi ta A u r e l S e e a l s o Th e C a mb r i dg e .

M e d i a e v al H i s t o r y I 2 03 E u s c ia : E us c ia o r N o v a e i s t h e
, . .

mo d e r n No v o g r a d o n t h e D a n u b e a b o u t t h i r t y f o u r mi l e s a bo v e
-
,
-

Ru s t c h u k ( H o dg k i n I I
. G a l l u s : C V i bi u s Tr e b o . .

n ian u s G a l l u s g o v e r n o r o f M o e s i a I n fe r i o r i n 2 5 1 an d E m p e r o r
,

f r o m 2 5 1 2 53 S e e X I X 1 04 S t o u t ( Th e Go v e r n o r s o f M o e s i a
a
. . .
,

p 24 8) r e g a r d s t h e t i t l e d u x l i mi ti s ( X V I I I 1 02 ) a s a s a n a c h r o n
.

ism . N i c o p o l i s : a p p a r e n t l y Nik u p o n t h e J a n t r a t h e a n ci e n t -
,

I a br u s a t r i bu t a r y of t h e D a n ub e
, t h e r e g i o n s o f H a e mu s : t h e .

B al k a n s P h i li pp Op o l i s : i n mo d e r n t i me s t h e c a p i t a l o f E a s t
.

e r n R ou me l i a
'

1 02 B e r o a : A u g u s t a Tr a i a n a a c i t y a bo u t e i g h t y s e v e n mi l e s
.
,
-

n o r t h we s t o f Ha d ri a n o p l e n ow E s ki Z a g h r a O e s cu s : a cit y
'

-
, .

o n t h e D a n u b e n e a r t h e mo u t h o f a r i v e r o f t h e s a me n a m e
, .

1 03 t o o k P h i l i p p o p o l i s : i t i s i n t e r e st i n g t o co mp a r e wi th th i s
.
1 60 J O RD A N E S : O R I G I N A N D D EE D S OF T H E GOT H S

c h a pt e r t h e a c co u n t g i v e n by A mmi a n u s 3 1 5 1 5 : d u o bu s n a vi u m , ,

mi li bus pe rr upto B os por o et li tor i bu s P r opo n tidi s S cy th i c a r u m

g e n ti u m ca t errv a e t r a n s g r es s a e e di d er u n t q ui d e m a cer ba s te r r a ma
r i q u e s tr a g e s , s e d a m pa r te ma xi ma r ev er t er u n t c e ci d e r u n t
mi s s a s n or u ,

di mi ca n d o c u m ba r bar i s i mpr a t o r e s D e c i i pa t e r e t fi li u s
A n ch i a l o s ca pta e t t e mpo r e e o d e m Ni c opo li s q ua m i n di ci u m v i c t o r i a e ,

c o n tr a D a c o s Tr ai a n u s c o n di di t i mper a to r pos t c la de s a c c e pta s i h .

l a tas q u e mu l tas e t s ae va s e x ci s a es t P hi li ppopo li s c e n t u m h o mi n u m

mi li bu s n i s i fi n g u n t a n n a l es i n tr a mo e n i a i u g u la ti s
, a ll i e d h i m , .

s e l f t o P r i s c u s : t h e n g o v e r n o r o f M a c e d o n i a ( Lu ci o P r i s c a q u i
'
-

Ma ce d o n a s [) rr a es i da tu r eg e ba t Au r e l i u s V i ct o r d e Ca e s 29 ) a n d , .

a b r o t h e r o f t h e l a t e E mp e r o r P h il i p T h i s a p p e a r s t o be t h e
.
.

fi r s t a t t e mp t o n t h e p a rt o f t h e Go t h s t o c r e a t e a n a n t i e mp e r o r -
.

( H o dg k i n I I t h e s o n o f D e ci u s : s e e Ca s s i o d o r u s c h r
. .

a d a 2 52 : D e ci u s cu m fi l i o s u o i n A br i ti o Th r a ci a e l o co a Go thi s
. .

o c c i di t ur H e s u b s t i t u t e s t h e s e wo r d s f o r t h e f o l lo wi n g s e n
.

t e n c e o f P r o s p e r : D e ci u s c u m fi li o i n A br i tt o q u a e es t c i vi ta s ,

M y s i a e o ccidi tu r
,
A bri t t u s : o t h e r wi s e c a l l e d F or u m Th e mbr o n i i
.
‘

o r Te r e blr o n i i but i t s s i t e i s u n k n o wn
/
, . I t wa s p r o ba bl y s o me .

wh e r e i n t h e ma r s h y g r o u n d n e a r t h e mo u t h o f t h e D a n u b e
( H o dg k in I I c u t o ff
. a n d s l ai n : H o d g k i n r e ma r k s

( I I 5 6) t h a t t hi s i s o n e o f t h r e e g r e a t d i s a st e r s t ha t f o r e t o l d
. .

th e fi n a l o v e r t h r o w o f Ro me Th e o t h e r t wo we r e t h e d e f e a t .

of V a r u s in A D . .
9 and th e B a t tl e of H a dr i a n o p l e ,
AD . .
3 78 .

( Se e X XV I
XI X 1 04 .
pl ague : see
'

H i e r o n y mu s on t he y e ar of Abr a h a m
pe s ti l e n s mor bu s mu l ta s t o ti u s
2 2 69 : or bi s pr o vi n ci a s o c c u pa v i t

ma xi me q u e A l exa n dr i a m e t A eg yptu m ,
u t s cr i bi t D i o nysi u s et Cy
pr ia n i d e mor tal i ta te te s ti s es t li be r . n in e y e ar s in 5 4 2
.
On
ago : .

th e date , s ee i n t r o du c t i o n , p 1 3 F o r an . . a cco u n t o f t h i s p lag u e

s ee B u ry I .
3 99 4 0 3 -
D i o n y s iu s : B i s h o p
. of A l e x a n dr i a 2 4 8
2 65 ; s e e E u s e bi u s h i s t e ccl C yp r i an : Th a s c iu s C a e c i l i u s
‘

, . .
7, 22 .

C y p r ia n -
us (d . B is h o p of Ca r t h a g e , wh o was ma rt y r e d i n
t h e p e r s e cu t i o n s ta r te d b y D e ci u s .

1 0 6. u n i v e r sa l f av o r : s ee O r o s i u s 7, 21, 6 : ha c s o la pe r n i ci e
( th e pl a gu e ) i n s ig n es Ga l l u s e t V o l us i a n u s .

1 07 . Re s p a , V e d u c an d Th u r u a r : o t h er wi s e un k n o wn . as

we s a i d b e f o r e : i n V I I 5 1 C o r n el i u s A v i t u s : n o t t h e .

E mp e r o r A v it u s Th e E mp e r o r wh o r e ig n e d 4 5 5 4 56 A D [ s e e
.
,
-
. .

X LV wa s n a me d M a r cu s M a e c i l i u s Av i t u s t h e r o ya l .

ci t y: Co n s t a n ti n o p l e .

XX 1 08 . Tr o y an d I l iu m: Jo r d a n e s o ddl y ta kes the se as

“
t h e n a me s of t wo di s t i n c t ci ti e s and sp ea ks of t hem as re

c o v er i n g a l it t l e
”
( in A D . . 2 59 i ) f ro m th e Tr o j an W a r !
Th r a c e : i t wi l l b e n ot i c e d t ha t J o r da n e s na me s t h e p l a ce s at
 1 62 J ORDA N E S I O RI G I N A N D D E E D S OF T H E G OT H S
tu n c e t o bs i d e s pi t i n te r q u o s et A r i a r i ci r e gi s fi li u m Ge b e
“

a c ce , .

r i ch : Ge b e r i c or ( H od g k i n I I . Th e reign of Ge b er i c h , ac

co r d i n g t o Gut s ch m i d is ,
tob e da t e d 3 1 8 3 50 -
.

XXI I 1 13 . V i s i ma r : a V a n d a l l i n g o v e r t h e S a r ma ti a n s ?
k See
Gi bbo n I I 21 7
‘ '
. A s din gi : see note on XI V 9 1 u n de r A s tr i n g i .

D e xi pp u s (i n fr . 24 , 3 p
-
. 685 M ue l l ) t e l l s o f t h e v i c t o r y o f
.

Au r e l ian over the V a n da l s a n d o f t h e ir r e tu r n t o t h e co u n t ri e s

bey o n d th e D a n u be a ft e r p ea c e wa s m a d e . Ma r i s ia : see

S t ra b o 7, 3 , 1 3 p 3 0 5 ; fie ? 5% 63 ,
Mdpwo s u or a ubs s i s r é u Aa vo ét o v

M i l i a r e , Gi l p i l : n o t me n t i o n e d els e wh e r e . Gr i s i a : a r iv e r of

H un g a r y .S e e Co n s t a n t in u s P o r p h y r o g e n
'
d e a d m i mp 4 o : . . .

'
r ér a pr o s 6 @ 10 05 , a n d Z e u s s p 4 4 7 .
. ,

114 . H e rmu n d u l i , o r H e r mu n du r i : a Ge r ma n i c p e o p l e o n t h e ‘

E lbe , n e i gh bo r s f t h e Ch a t t i
'
l
o .

5 1 1 . P a n n o n ia : t he e xp u l s i o n of th e V a n da l s ( o-r S a r ma
t ia n s ? Gi b bo n I I -
. 2 19 ) a nd th e ir r e cep tio n by C o n s t a n t i n e i n t o
P a n n o n ia o ccu rr e d in t h e ye a r 334 . A l o n g t i me a f t e rwa r d : s ee
O r o s i u s 7, 3 8 : S ti li c o g e n te s A l a u or u m S u e bo r u m Va n da
lor u m B u rg u n di o u u m r i pas R h e m gu a t ar e pu ls a r e Ga l
'

et

li a s v o l u i t .

X XI I I 1 16 . H e r man a ri c : H e r m a n r i c t h e O s t r og o t h
or , . Th e
da t e i s a bo u t 35 1 -
3 76 a c c o r d i n g t o Gut s c h mi d Mos t o f . th e s e
t hi r t e e n n o r t h e r n» t r i be s , wh i c h J o r da n e s sa ys we r e co n qu er e d

by t h i s secon d Al e x a n d e r , ca n n o t no w b e i d e n t i fi e d wi t h an y

c er t a i n t y .

H e r u l i : s e e E ty mo l og i c u m ma g n u m p 3 3 2 Ga i s f o r d : 0171 5
1 1 7. .

"

51 éKeZ a e éM w Eh ovpm KéKNnV r a t At Su r rro s é u 6o3 6“ e

‘

76
‘
‘
xpo c B V
!
'
- '
. . .

A l s o S t e p ha n u s o f B yz a n t i um s v : E kovpm 2 Kv0mbv 301 m, w r epl f w

c . .

Aégt mro s év xp o vuab v i B A l a r i c : t h i s c h i e f o f t h e H e r u l i mu s t n o t

’
.

be co n u s e d f wi t h A l a r i c , Ki n g of th e S u a v i , m e n t i o n ed i n LI V 2 77
wi t h th e k in g s V i s i g ot h s n a me d Al a r i c h el é : M
‘
or of th e -
.
.

1 19 . V en et h i : or V e n e t i ; bu t n ee n o te o n
’

V 34 ; W en ds . Th ey
dwe l t i n t h e r eg i o n tha t is no w Po lan d . we s t a rt e d t o s ay : i n
V An t e s , S cl av e n i : H e r ul i wa mp y
'

34 .
'
th e l iv e d in th e s

r egio n s n ear t h e Sea z

o f A o v ; t h e p a r e n t st o c of t h e V e n e t i k '

( W e n ds ) s ca tte r e d in v a r i o u s d i r e c t i o n s , t h e S cl a v e n i g oi n g t o

th e up p e r wa t e r s of t he D n ies ter and V is tula , t he An t e s al o n g

the E uxi n e f r o m t h e Dn i e s t e r to t he D n i ep e r .
( H o dg k i n I .

I
1 20 . Ae s ti : a Ge r ma n i c p e op l e n ea r t h e B al t i c ; see Ta c i t u s ,

Ge r ma n i a 4 5 .

XXI V H u n u o r u m di u i n a ces s i s s e
O r os i us r elat e s : g em
c l u s a mo n ti bu s r epe n ti u a r a bi e per ci ta e xa r s i t i n Go t h o s e os q u e
,

pa s s i m c o u tu r ba t os a b a n ti q u i s s e di bu s e xpu li t ( 7, 3 3 Fi l i me r : ,

see IV 26 .
 C OM M E NT ARY

1 23 .h e p a s s a g e i s a p p a r e n t l y u n t r a-c ea bl e
P r i s cu s : *
B ut s e e
:t .

Z e us s p 70 8, a n d c o mp a r e n e x t n o t e
.
-
.

1 26 s we p t a c r o s s t h e g r ea t s wamp : i t i s i n t e r e s t i n g t o c o m
.

pare wi t h t hi s p a s s age
-
th e a c co u nt g iv e n b y P r o co p i u s , b e l l . .

Go t h 4 .
, 5: o r r oc f ( th e Hun s , th e n c a ll e d C i mme r i a n s ) #é v éiW a VT GS
3 i wd £ 15u7r a z/7 a éxo w e s , OlI K émp t yvéue vm 5 e
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7 256 (f le/111 7 0 1 é7r t 7 7766 15ua 7 a '
Ko . 70 .
,

d ufipu mo cs , 6L Mum) : ( M a e o t i s ) m i 7 7 1 ci 7 €pa

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3 35 éufiévae éxp ofis és 7d é1r i 9

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7 1131! u év
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’

i55 a 7 a ém m
’
/ eh é e v (3t
’ ’
7 1 157 2
7 {31 7 61 7é , oLz u ofi u a 137 LKa 76
1.

F a wn/ 1.6 6 7 e di a fi d w e s éy évo ur o mh kfia et o fideut é

‘

3
77 d w a r épa s fir e ip c
p .

See a ls o th e si mi la r
g i v e n b y A g a t h i a s 5 1 1 , p 3 00 B o n n a c c o u nt l
,
1
.

a n d Ce dr e n u s 1 , p 54 7 B o n n M o mms e n p o i n t s o u t t h a t t h i s
'

. .

p a s s a g e i s ba s e d o n P ri s c u s , a s i s e v i d e n t n o t o n l y f r o m th e .

agre e me n t b e twe e n P r oc o p i u s an J o r d a n e s bu t f u r t h e r m o r e
d ,

fr om X X X I X 20 6, wh ic h is u n d o u bt e dl y t a k e n f r o m P i s c u s r

an d agrees wi t h this a cc o un t . A l p i d z u r i , Al c il d z u r i , I t i ma r i ,
Tu n ca r s i an d B oi s ci : th e se t r i be s a re me n t i o ne d i n P r i s cu s
'

T 'b n e r t e x t H i s t or i ci Gr a e ci M i Ir e s e d D i n d o r f , p
( e u a see . .

Z e u s s p 708 un l i ke . i n c i v il i z a t i o n : A mmi a n u s 3 1 2 , 2 1
.
,

Ha la m H u més per o mma s uppal r e s v er u m vi c t u

' °

s uu t ,

mi ti o r e s et cu l t u .

1 28 c ruel t y of wi l d be a s t s : so a ls o A mmi a n u s 3 1, 2, 1

m
.

H u u or u m g e u s mn e m mo du m f e mta ti s e x ce di t 2 : u bi q u o a m
'

o .

a b i ps i s ua s c e u di pr i mi tus i n f a n t u m f e r r o s u l ca u tu r a l ti u s g e n a e u t
'

pi l o r u m vi g o r te mpes ti vu s e mer g e u s c our u g a ti s ci ca tmci bu s h e be t e tu r

'

s e n es cu u t i mbeir bes a bs q u e u l l a v eu u s ta t e c o mpa c ti s o mu e s

fi r mi s q u e membms e t opi mi s c er vi ci bu s pr o dig i os a e f or ma e s e d pa u di

'

u t bi pe d e s e xi s ti mes be s ti a s 6 : e q ui s plr ope a dfi xi 9 : pr o c u l

mi s s i li bu s t e lzs c o u [ fli g u u t ]
'

1 29 t h i s a c t i v e r a c e : s e e Am mi a n u s 3 1 2 1 2 : h o c expe di t u m
.
, ,

i n d o mi tu mq u e h o mi n u m g e n u s ( t h e H u n s ) per r api na s fi mti

'

mo r u m g r as s a tu m A n d c 3 1 : H u m E rr me u mc h i
’ '

.
pa g os .
,

r epe n ti u o i mpe tu pe r r u per u u t No t e t h a t ma n y o f t h e a c t u a l wo r d s .

u s e d b y A mmi a n u s r e c ur i n th e a c c o u n t g i v e n b y J o r da n e s .

R o s o mo n i : n o t o t h e r wi s e k n o wn M u e l l e n h o ff r e g a rd s th e n a me '

B u t s e e S c h on f e l d : wor t e r bu c h d e r a l t g e r ma n
.

a s un h i s t o r i c .
'
= -

i s c h e n P e r s o n e n u n d V o l k e r n a me n p 1 9 4
'

S u ni l da S a r us , .
‘
.

A mmi u s : t h i s t a l e J o dan e s d i s p r o ba bl y
“
an d i s p e cu l i a r t o r , an

of me old Go t h i c S a g a ( H o dg k i n I I
”
p a rt so . .
1 64 J ORDA N E S Z O R I G I N A ND D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

1 3o . B al a mb e r : t h e e a r l ie s t ki ng of th e H un s of wh om th e r e i s
me n t i o n in J o r da n e s . See al s o X LV I I I 24 8, 24 9 . th e
H un s p r e v a i l : t h e de a t h o f H e r ma n a r i c a n d t h e o v e r t h r o w
of t he O s t r o g o t h i c E mp i r e by t h e H u n s h a d p r o ba bl t a en y k
p l a c e by 3 75 A c c o r d i n g t o A mm ia n u s 3 1 , 3 H e r ma n a r i c c o m
.

mi t t e d ma g u o r u m di s cr i mi u u m me t u m v o l u n ta r i a mor te
s u i c i de :

s e d a vi t A s H o dg ki n s ay s ( I I
. t h e i nc l i n a t i o n o f t h e .

Ge r ma n c r i t i c s i s t o s p r e a d t h e H u u u e u e i uf a ll o v e r fi v e y e a r s :
3 72 a tt a c k u p o n t h e A l a n i ; 3 74 3 75 o v e r t h r o w o f t h e O s t r o
-
, ,

go t h s 3 75 3 76, d e f e a ts
;
-
of At h a n a ri c .

XX V 1 3 1 R o ma n i a : . or R o ma n l a n d , -
a l at e na me f o r the
R o ma n E mp i r e as co n tra s ted wi t h Go th i o . J o r da n e s uses th e
te r m s ev e ral t i me s : see R o ma n o 24 7, 2 75 , 3 13 ; Ge ti ca L 2 66 .

th e y wo u l d s ub mi t : mp a r e A mmi a nu s 3 1
co , 4 , 1 : ( t h e Go t h s )
ri pa s o ccu pa v e r e D a u uvi i mi s s is q u e o r a tor i bus ad V a l e u t e m s u s ci pi
h u mi lz pr e ce pos c e ba u t
'

se ,
et q ui e te vi e t u r os s e po lli e e u tes et d a tu r o s ,
p r o mi s e d t o b e c ome C h r i s t i a n s : O r o
'

r e s fla g zta s s e t a u x i l i a
'

si , .

s iu s (7 , 33, 19 ) spea ks of t h e i r a c c e p ta n c e o f C h r i s t i a n i t y
Go th i perr l eg a t o s s u ppli c es pop o s e er u u t u t i l li s e pi s c opi , a
a u t ea ,

q u i bu s r eg u l a m Ch r i s ti a u a e fi d e i d i s e e r e u t mi t ter e u tu r V a l e ns ,
.

i mper a t o r e x i ti a bi li gr a vi ta t e d o c t o r e s Arr i a m d og ma ti s mi s i t
'

Go th i pr i ma e fi d e i r u di me n tu m q u o d a c e epe r e t e u u er u u t See a lso .

I s i d o r u s hi s t Go th a d e r a m 4 1 5 : A ta u w
. r i cu s F r i di g e r u u m V a l e n ti s
.

i mpe r a t or i s s ufi r a g i o s u per a u s ku i u s r ei g r a ti a l eg a t os c u m mu u er i
'

bu s a d e u n d e m i mper a t or e m mi tti t e t d o c t or es pr opt e r s u s ezpi e u da m

'

Ch r i s ti a u a e fi d e i r eg u l a m pos ci t V a l e n s a u t e m a v e r i ta t e fi d e i d e vi u s .

e t A r r i a na e h a e r es i s per v er s i ta te d e t e u t us mi s s i s h a er e ti ci s s a c e r d o -

Go th o s f a u da s m er r o r i s d og ma ti a dg r e g a v i t
fi er s u as i o n e
'

ti bu s v
ue

et in ta m pr a e c l a r a m g e mte m v i r u s pes ti f er u m s e mi n e per n i ci os o

tr a u s f u d i t .

1 32 . in ten de d t o a sk : V al en s wa s by no mean s so re ad y and

wi lli n g t o r e c e i v e t h i s ba r ba r i a n h o r d e a s J o r da n e s a s s u m e s .

T h i s wa s i n f a c t o n e o f t h e g r e a t c r i s e s o f th e e mp i r e a n d ,

b e t t e r s t at e s me n t h a n V a l e n s m i g h t we l l h a v e h e si t a t e d b e f o r e
'
-

d e c i d i n g s o mo me n t o u s a q u e s t i o n E u n a pi u s ( H i s t o r i ei Gr a e ci .

M i n o r es ( D i u d or f ) p 2 3 7 s a y s t h e r e we r e me n o f fig h t
.
,

i n g a g e b e s i d e s o l d m e n wo me n a n d c h i l d r e n wh o c r o s s e d t h e
a
,

D a n u b e ( H o d g ki n I I A r ia n p e r fi d y : s e e H o dg k i n
. . .

Th e A r i a n s e c t n a m e d f r o m A r i u s d iff e r e d f r o m t h e g e n e r a l
, ,

bo d y of th e c h u rc h i n b e l ie v i n g th a t t h e S o n of Go d , t h o u gh
d iv i n e , wa s a c r e at e d be i n g . A t h a n a si u s i n
'

, op p o s i t i o n to A riu s,
wa s th e ch a mp i o n of wh a t ca me to be a u t h o r i t a t iv e l y a do p t e d a s

th e o r t ho d o x b el i e f r e g a r di n g th e Trin it y by th e Co un c il o f
N i ca ea in 3 25 . U l fi l a s wa s A r i a n b e ca u s e wh il e hi s t h e o
an

l o g i c a l i dea s we r e b e i n g f o r me d , A r i a n i s m o f o n e ik i n d o r
-
1 66 J O RD A N E S : O R I G I N A ND DE E D S OF T H E G OT H S

ne t e n e r e tu r m c e t eri s e xe l a ma vi t g r a vi or e pug n a n d u m
o bs i di s v i c e c u ,

e x i ti o u i i ps e a d l e n i e n du m v u lg u s s i n er e tu r e xi r e c u m s o ci i s
, q u od ,

a r bi tr a tu m h u ma n i ta ti s s pe ci e d u c t or e s s u o s o c ci s o s i n tu mu l tu m

e xa r s i t h o c q u e i n pe tr a t o e g r es s i o mn e s e x c epti q u e c u m pla u s u e t
.

g a u dii s as ee n s i s e q u i s ev o la r un t mo tu r i i n ci ta me n to di v e r s or u m
be l l olr u m a s s t r a n g e r s an d p i l g r i ms : c o mp a r e t h e u t a d v e n a e
.

e t pe r e g r i n i o f J o rd an e s wi th t h e V u l ga t e ta n q u a m a dve na s e t

pe r eg r i n os I P e t r 2 1 1 ; q u a s i a d vena m e t pe r eg r i n u m L e v i t 2 5
, . .
, , .
,

3 5 ; a l s o Ge n 2 3 4 Nu m 9 1 4 L e v i t 2 5 4 7 .
,
T h e r e s e e ms t o
, .
, , .
, .

be li k e B i bli c a lmi n i s ce n c e i n Ge ti ca LI V 2 79 th e
’

a re .

Go t h s be g a n t o ru l e : t h e i r p o we r wa s a c t ua l l y u s e d o n l y
t o p l u n de r a n d d e st r o y I n n oc e n t s u bj e c t s o f t h e E mp i r e we r e
.

t h u s t h e ir .
v ic t i ms ( Gi bb o n I I I .
-

1 38 . s et o ut for Th r ace : s ee A mmi a n u s 1 : Va l e n s

ta n d e m ex e i tu s A n ti o chi a v en i t Co n s ta n ti n opo li m . H a dr i
a n opl e : A mmi a n u s 3 1 , 10: s ig n a co mmo v e n tu r i mpe di
me n ti s et s a r ci n i s pr o pe H a dr i a n opo l e o s mur os c o n l o c a ti s .

e mp e r o r l a y m e s to r y i s t o l d by V i c t o r epi t 4 6
h i dd e n : the s a .

hi e V a l e n s c u m Go thi s l a cr i ma bi li be l l o c o mmi s s a s a g i tti s s a u ci u s r

i n c a s a d e po r ta tur vi l is s i ma u bi s uper v e n i e n ti bus Go th i s i g n e q u e ,

s u ppo s i t o i n c e n di o c o n cr e ma tu s es t S e e a l s o H i e r o n y mu s o n t h e
‘

. ,

y e a r o f Ab r ah a m 2 3 9 5 ; O r o s i u s 7 3 3 1 5 T h e f o l l o wi n g a c , , .

c o u n t i s g i v e n by Am mi a n u s 3 1 13 1 2 : i mpe r a t or
I
s a g i tta , ,

pe r n i ci os e s o u ci a s r u i t 1 4 : di c u n t V a le n t e m c u m ca n d i da ti s

e t s pa d o n i bu s pa u ci s pr ope a d a g r e s t e m c a s a m r e l a tu m ci r

cu ms es s u m a b h os ti bu s q u i e s s e t i g n or a n ti bu s d e d e e o r e c a pti v i ta ti s
, ,

e x e mpt u m j u dgme n t o f G o d : t h u s i t s ee me d t o O r o si u s a l s o
.

(7 33 ,
i ta q u e i us t o i u di ci o d e i i ps i e a m vi vu m i n c e n d e r u n t
,
’
,

q u i pr opte r e u m e ti a m mo r tu i vi ti a er r or i s a r s u r i s u n t S e e I s i do r u s .

h i s t Go th a d e r a m 4 1 6
. . t h e i r g l o r i o u s v i c t o r y : A mmi a n u s.

13 1 9 ) s a y s o f t h i s R o m a n d i s a s t e r : n e e u l la a n n a li bu s pr a e t e r
,
[ i -

Ca n n e n s e m pu g na m i ta a d i n te r n e e i o n e m r es l eg i tu r g es ta q u a m ,

q u a m R o ma n i a l i q u o ti e ns r efla n te F o r tu n a fa l l a ciis l u s i be l l or u m
‘

i n i q ui ta ti c es s e r u n t a d t e mpu s e t cer ta mi n a mu l ta f a bu l os a e n a en i a e ,

flev er e Gr a e c or u m .

X X V I I 1 3 9 h i s u n cl e : G r a t i a n wa s t h e so n o f V a l e n t i n i a n I
'

.
,

a n d n ep h e w o f V a l e n s .

X X V I I I 1 4 2 Ki n g A t ha na r i c : o r A it h a n a r i c A n o l d e n e my
. .

o f F r i t i g e r n t h i s Ch i e ft a i n h a d dwel t s e c u r e i n t h e mo u n t a i n s a n d
,
.
-

fo r e s t s of Ca uc a l a n d i n D a c i a un t i l d r i v e n o u t by Ala t h e u s a nd
S afra c .
( S e e Ammi a n u s
. 2 7, 5, 1 0 : A th a n a r i cu s pr oxi mor u m f a c

ti o n e g e n i ta li bu s t er r i s ex pu ls us .
) H e t h en fl e d fo r r e fu g e t o
T h e o d o s iu s .
( H o dg k i n I . I
14 4 . d e p ar t e d t h i s li fe : see Ca s s i o d o ru s on the year 3 82
A th a n a r i e u s r ex Go th or u m Co n s ta n ti n opo li m i bi q u e v i ta m e x eg i t .
 C O M M E N T A RY

All s o Ammi a n u s 27, 5, 10: ( a t C o n st a n t i n o p l e )

u bi A th a
n ar i e u s f a ta l i s or t e d e ce s s i t e t a mbi ti o s i s e x e q u i i s r i tu s e pu l t u s

e s t n os tr o M a r ce l l i n u s o n t h e y e ar 3 8 1 : A th a n a r i e u s r ex Go t h or u m
.
,

c u m q u o Th e o d os i u s i mp f o e du s pepi g e r a t Co n s ta n ti n o po l i m me n s e
.
,

I a n u a r i o v e n i t e o d e mq u e me n s e mor bo pe r i i t A l s o O r o s iu s 7 3 4 .
, ,

6 7; I d a t i u s o n t h e ye a r 3 8 1 ; Z o s i mu s 4 3 4 ; S o c r a t e s 5 1 0
, , , .

14 5 . s ub mi t t e d to th e R oman r ul e : s ee
.
O r o s i u s 7, 3 4 , 7
u n i ve r s a e Go th or u m g e n tes r e g e d ef u n e t o a ds pi ei e n t es v i r tu t e m
be n i g n i ta t e mq u e Th e o d o s i i R o ma n o s e s e i mpe r i o d e d i d e r u n t Eu .

g e n i u s : J o r da ne s h a s m a d e a m i s t a k e h e r e G r at i a n wa s a s s a s .

s i n a t e d i n t h e y e a r 3 83 by o r d e r o f M a x i mu s t h e S p a n i a r d wh o
.

t h e n u s u rp e d t h e t h r o n e E u g e n i u s ( 39 2 t h e r h e to ri cian
.
,

wa s e l e va te d t o i mp e r ia l p o we r by A r b o g a s t t h e F r a n k u p o n t h e .
,

d ea th o f V a l e nt in ia n I I H e wa s t h e l a s t e n e my o f T h e od o s i u s
.

a n d wa s s l a i n a f t e r t h e b at t l e o f th e F r i g i d u s i n 3 9 4 -
.

X X I X 1 4 6 h i s s o n s : A r ca di u s a n d H o n o r i u s
. .

4 7 S t i l i c h o an d A u r e l i a n : t h e
1 . h e l d t h e c o n s u l sh ip i n 4 00 y .

S e e P r o s p e r a d a n n u m p 4 00 : S ti li e o n e e t A u r e l i a n o Go th i
. .

I ta l i a m A l a r i c o R a da g a is o d u ei bu s i n g r e s s i
et J o r da n e s , a p p a r .

e n tl y k n owi n g n ot h i n g o f t h e c a mpa i g n s i n Gr e e c e , p r o c e e ds a t
t o A l a r i c s i n v a s i o n o f I t a l y ( H o d g k i n I I I 65 3 ; s e e a l s o
’
o n ce .

B u r y I 67 C a mbr i d g e Me d i a e v a l H i s t o r y p a g e 2 61 a n d
'
-
,

r i v e r C an d i d i a n u s : t h i s s t r e a m i s n o w c a l l e d t h e C a n di a n o . Th e
b r i dg e is m en t i o n e d al s o by Ca s s i o d o r u s on th e year 491 :

Od o v a car cu m H ar u li s eg r e s s u s R a v e n na n o c tu r n i s h or i s ad po n t e m
C a n di di a n i a . d . n . r eg e Th e o d e r i e o me mo r a bi li c e r ta mi n e s u pe r a t u r .

th e ro y al ci t y of R a v e n n a : :R a v e n n a wa s th e r e siden ce of the
we s t e r n R o ma n mp e r o r s ( 4 02
e O s t r o g o t h -i c kin g s ( to 54 0)
and B yz a n t i n e e x a r c h s ( to S e e H o d g k i n I I I , 85 1 9 1 7 .
-
.

14 8 Ai ver o i
. : th e I t a l ia n V e n e ti ( R o ma n o 1 80) o r V en e te s
( Ge ti ca 222 , To b e d i s t i n g u i s h e d f r om th e .
V e n e th i me n
tio n ed in XXI I I 1 19 . above th e I o n i an S e a : Rav en n a wa s
th re e mi le s f r om th e Ad r i at i c , so me t i me s k n o wn asM or e S u pe
ru m , an d in fa ct a n o r th wa r d e x t e n s i on of the M or e I on i u m .

li ke an i s l an d : see Ca s s i o d o r u s var . 1 2, 24 : V e n e ti a e ab

a u s tr o Ra ve n n a m P a du mq u e e o n ti n g u n t, ab o r i e n te i u e u n di ta t e
I o n i i l i t or i s pe r fr u u n twr u bi a l t e r n u s ae s tu s e g r e d i e n s mo d o e l a u di t,
,

mo d o a per i t fa ei e m r e ci pr o ea i n u n da ti o n e ca mpo r u m : hi e v o bi s
m a q u a ti li u m a vi u m mor e d o mus es t n a mq u e
a li q u a n t u l u ,
n unc

t er r e s tr i s mo d o e e r n i tu r i n s u l a r i s
, .

149 s we e p s wi t h h i s o a r s a l o n g : wi t h th e l a n g u a g e o f
. t his

p a s s a g e c o mp a r e V e r g i l A e n 5 1 62 : , .
,

q u o ta n tu m mi hi d e x t er ? h u e de r ig e g r es s u m
a bi s ,

l i tus a ma et l a e va s tr i n g a t s i n e pa l mu l a c o u t es .
1 68 J ORDA N ES : OR I GI N A N D DE E D s OF T H E G OT H S

F o s sa A s co n i s : see A g n ellu s li b . e cc l . Ra v .
70 ; also 79 : in
l o c o q u i d i ci tu r F oss a S c o n ii i u x ta F l u vi u m .

1 5o E r i d an u s : t h e p oe t i ca l n a me o f t h e
. Po . S e e V e r g il ,
Ge o r g i c s 4 , 3 72 . t u r n e d a s i d e by Au g u s t u s : he had ma d e
Ra v e n n a h i s n a va l s t at i o n fo r t h e A d r i a t i c . Di o r e l at e s : th e

pa s s a g e i s l o s t .

1 51 . F a bi u s sa ys : a wr i t e r n o t me n t i o n e d e l s ewh e r e M o mm .

s en cu r t l y ob s e r v e s : q u i n a m f u e r i t n e s ci o ( I n t r o X X X I I I ) . .

XX X 1 52 . e mba s s y to H o n o rius : th e s tor y of t h e s ie g e

of Ra v e n n a res ts on th e a u t h o r it y of J o r dan e s alo n e . H is
wh o l e a c co u n t of A l a ri c
-
’
s mo v e men t s in It aly i s v er y mu ch
co n us e d f ( H o dg k in I . II .

1 53 . G a i s e ri c : t h e V a n d a l s t o g e th e r wi th t h e
in va s i on of

S ua v i a n d A l a n i e n t e r e d Ga u l i n 4 06 a n d t h r e e y e a r s l at e r th e y ,

p o u r e d i n t o S p a i n t h r o u gh t h e p a s s e s o f t h e P y r e n e e s
«
In .

S p a i n t h e r e wa s s e v e r e wa r fa r e f o r m a n y y e a r s Ga i s e r i c b e .

ca me ki n g of t h e V a nd a ls up on t h e d e a th o f 1h i s fa t h e r Gu n d e r i c
i n 4 27 .

54 1 P o l l e n t i a : th e m o d e r n P o ll e n a , n e a r T u r i n
. Th e b a t t l e z .

o f P o l l e n t i a wa s f o ug h t o n E a s t e r S u n d a , Ap r i l 6, 4 02 , a n d y
k
A la r i c wa s a t t a c e d wh il e h e wa s a t t e n di n g t h e s e r v i c e o f t h e
'

da y . H o dg k i n (I . II by a c u r i ou s s li p , p lace s bo th
Ea s t e r S u n da y a nd Go o d F r i da y i n th e ye a r 4 02 the 6t h of
'

on

Ap r i l . S ee B ury I 1 09 ; C a mb r i d g e M e die v al H is to r y 2 65

an d 4 60 .

551 . al mo s t e xt e r mi n a t e d i t : t h a t th e d u bi o u s b a t tl e of P ol
l e n tia wa s a Got h i c v i ct o r y is a s s e r te d al s o by C a s s i o d o r u s
. on

th e year 4 02 : P o l l e n ti a e S ti li co n e m cu m e x e r ci t a R o ma n o Go th i
v i c tu m f ug a v e r u n t P r o sp e r me r e l y s a y s : P o l l e n ti a e a dv e r s u s
a ei e .

Go th os v e h e me n te r u tr i u s q u e pa r ti s c la d e pug n a i u m e s t O r o s iu s
'

s a y s o f t h i s ba t t l e ( 7 3 7 ta c e o d e i n f e li ei bu s i l li s a pu d P o ll e n
, ,

ti a m g es ti s cu m ba r ba r o e t pa g a n o d u ci
, cu i u s i n pr o bi ta ti r ev e

r e n ti s s i mi di es e t s a n c tu m pa s ch a v i o la tu m es t c e de n ti q u e h os ti
pr opte r r e li g i o n e m u t pu g n a r e t e x t o r tu m e s t ; , pug u a n te s vi ci ,

mu s v i c t or e s v i e ti s u mus
, r e t u r n e d a g ai n t o L i g u r i a : P o l l e n t i a
.

i s i n L ig u r i a A l a r i c s ma r c h t o wa r d R o me t o o k p l a c e i n t h e
’
.

yea r 4 08 . S ee B ury I 1 15 .

56 fi n al l
1 . y entered R o me : a fte r h is th ir d an d fi n al s i eg e

o f Rom e i n 4 A l a r i c s ac k e d t h e c i t y
10 . Th e fi r s t s iege oc c u r r e d

i n 4 08 t h e , s e c o n d i n 4 09 S e e B ury I . 121 ; H o dg k i n I . I I 766

8 1 0 ; C a mbr i d g e M e die v a l H i s to r y 270 - 2 74 . me r e l y s ac ke d it
s ee C a s s i o d o ru s on th e year 4 10 . To P r o s p e r
’
s wo r d s : R o ma
l

a Go th i s H a la r i c o d u c e ca pta h e ,
a dds : u bi c l e me n ter u s i vi c t o r i a s u n t .

Al s o var . 1 2, 2o : mplu m
exe i n h i s t o r i a n os tr a ma g n a i n te n
ti o n e r e t tu li mu s . na m c u m r e x A la r i c u s u r bis R o ma e d e pr a e d a ti o n e
 I 70 J ORDA N E S Z O R I G I N A ND D EE D S O F T H E G OT H S

1 63 . he f el l : A tlh a k l f wa s
'

a s sa s s i n a t e d in 4 15 . Two
yea rs l at e r hi s ’
wi d o w Ga l l a ,
'

P l a c id i a , m a r r ie d C o n s t a n t i u s I I I
and b o r e h im a s on wh o rul e d l ater as V a l e n t i n i an I I I ( 4 2 5
E u e r v u l f : O l y mp i o d o r u s f r a g 2 6 n a me s . a c e rtain D u'biu s as his
s l a y e r ; h e s a y s ci t/ a l ps ? a trr bv ( At h a v ul f ) s i s t wu Ao fiBo w
I 6r 9
’
63 ( 6l
‘
011
'
,
7 1!

ay¢vk a m§ a a a S e e H o d g k i n I I I 83 4 n I
’ ’
'
r o fxvop a éxdpa v n a ka t Ka tpo . . .

S e g e ri c : -
or S in g e ri e S e e O r o s i u s 7, 4 3 , 9 : S eg er i cu s r e x a Go this
.

c r e a tu s a s u i s i n t e r f e c tu s e s t H e r e i g n e d o n l y a we e k S ee . .

H o d g ki n Th e D y n a s t y of Th e o d o s i u s 75 , a n d B u r y I 1 4 9
'

, I . .

XXXI I 1 64 . V alia o r Wa l l ia ‘
-
,
the f o u n d e r o f t h e V i s i g ot h i c
'

ki ng d o m, wit h i t s c ap i t al at To l o s a . He r e ce i v e d a gran t in
s outh e rn Ga u l an d wa s at fi rs t un de r [
R o ma n s up r e ma c y bu t
soon ma d e h i ms e l f i n d ep e n d e n t
. . S ee B u ry I 1 5 2, C a m br i d g e
M e di e v a l H i s t o r y 4 04 . Co n s t a n t iu s : t h i s i s Co n s ta nt iu s I I I
wh o b e c a me e mp e r o r i n 4 21 Th e me e ti n g o f Co n s t a n t i u s a n d
.

V a l ia at t h e p a s s in th e P
'

y r e n e e s wh e r e , the y ma de a t r e at y of

p e a c e , to o p l a ce i n t h e k
ear 4 16 y .

1 65 o n t h e f o l l owi n g t e r ms : s e e O r o s i u s 7, 43
.
, V a l li o
pa c e m o pt ii n a in m H o n or i o i mpe r a tor e
cu pepi g i t : P la ci di a in
i i n per a t or i s s or or em f r a tr i r e ddi di t : R oma n a e s e cur i ta ti pe r i
c u l u rn s u u ni o btu li t, u t a dv er s u s c e t er a s g e n t es , q u a e pe r H i s pa n i a s
c o n s e di s s e n t, s i bi pug na r e i et R oma n i s v i n cer e i . a c e rt ain :
Co n
s ta n ti n e : M a r c e l l i n u s o n t h e y e a r 4 1 1 : Co n s ta n ti n u s apu d
see

Ga l l i a s i n va s i t i ni pe r i u m fi l i u rn q u e s u u m e x mo n o c h o Ca e s a r e m fe ci t .

i ps e a pu d A r e l a tu m ci vi ta t e i n o cc i di tu r Co n s ta n s fi l i u s a pu d V i e n ,

n a m c a pi t e p l e c ti t u r S e e a l s o O r o s iu s 7 4 0 .
4 2 3 4 ; B u ry , , , ,

I 1 39 - 1 4 4 . Ar e la t e : Arelas or A r e la te i n s o ut h e r n Gau l o n .

the ea s t e r n br a n c h o f th e Rh on e, i s t h e mo de r n A r l e s V ien n e : .

the R oma n Vi e n n a wa s
- a c it y o f Ga l l i a N a r b o n e n s i s o n
-
th e
- -

R h o n e , t h e mo d e r n V i e n n e M a r c e ll i n u s o n t h e .
J o vi n u s : see

y e a r 4 1 2 : I ovi n u s e t S e ba s tia n u s i n Ga l li a s ty r a n n i d em mo li e n tes

o c c is i s u n t S e e a l s o O r o s i u s 7 4 2 6 ; a n d B u r y I 1 4 4 o n wa r d
.
, , .

t we l f t h y ea r o f V a l i a s r e i g n : t h i s wo u l d b e t h e y e a r
’
1 66 .

“
4 27 Bu t a s V a l i a r e i g n e d o n l y f o u r y e a r s ( 4 1 5
. the
t we l f t h y e a r o f V a l i a s r e i g n m e n t i o n ed b y J o r d a n e s i s a ’ ”

s t a t e me n t t h e t we l f t h y e a r
“
o f n o va l u e ex c e pt a s m e a n i n g ,

a ft e r th e ye ar of V a lia
’
s a cce s s ion .
”
I f t h e fi r s t i r r up tio n v
of the
H u n s i s da t e d at 3 75 an d a fe w y ea r s a r e a llo we d for t h e ir
o f P a n n o n i a t he a l mo st fi ft y y e a r s J o r da n e s
”
c o n q u e st of is a
'

f a ir l y a c cu r a t e s ta te me n t . P a nn o n i a : s ee M a r ce l l in u s on
-

the yea r 4 2 7: P a n n o n i a e q ua e per L a n n os ab H u n n is r e ti n e ba n tur ,

a R o ma n i s r e ce pta e sun t . H i er i u s an d Ar d abu r e s : c o n s ul s in

4 27 . See xP rosp er and C a s s i o do r u s , ch r o n i c l e fo r t h is ye a r :
g e n s V a n d a l or u rn [ C a s s i o d o ru s a dds a Go th i s e x c lu s a ] d e H i s pa n i i s
ad Afir i ca m tr a n s i t .
 C O M M E N T A RY

X XX I I I 1 67. B o n i f a c e : h e wa s
'

on e of th e c hie f a dv i s e r s of

th e E mp r e s s P l a c i d i a , t h e mo t h e r V a l e nt i n i a n I I I ,
of and hel d
th e r an k o f C o mes AA f r i ca e . A c c o r di n g t o P r o c o p i u s (D e be l l o
V a n da l i c o 3) wa s d ue p lo t f Ae t iu s t h a t B o n i fa ce
’
1, it to a o s

l o y a l t y wa s s u sp e ct e d, an d that i n 4 2 7 h e wa s d e c l a r e d a p u b l i c
ene my o f R o me . It wa s t h e n t ha t b e s u mmo n e d t h e V a n d a l s
t o h is
'
a s s i st a n c e f r o m Sp ain H o dg k in - . I . I I 876, B u r y I 1 5 6,

C a mb r i d g e M e d i e v a l H i s t o r y 4 09 .

1 68 d i s a s t e r o f t h e R o man s : t he s a c k o f Ro me by Ga i s e r ic
.

o c c u r r e d i n 4 55 S e e X LV 2 3 5 a n d n o t e ; a l s o B u r y I 2 3 5
. .

1 70 order
. of s u c ce s s i on : M o mm s e n g i v e s t h e f o l l o wi n g
ch r o n o l o g y fo r t h e Kin g s o f t h e V a n da l s :

Ga i s e r i c 4 2 7- 4 77
Hu n eric 4 77 4 84 -

Gu n t h aimu n d ' ‘

4 4 4 96
8 -

T h r a s a mu n d 4 9 6 5 23
-

I l-d e r i c h 5 3 53 0
2 -

Ge li m e r
53 0 534
1 71 J u
. s t i n i an : E m p e r o r o f t h e E a s t f r o m 52 7 t o 5 65 ; s e e
-

LX 3 0 7 o n wa r d B e l i s a r i u s : t h i s g r e a t s o l d i e r wa s b o r n
.

a bo u t 505, a n d r e c e i v e d t he a p p o i n t me n t o f M a g i s t e r M i li t u m
pe r Or i e n t e m i n 5 3 0 H i s co n q u e s t o f t h e V a n da l s o cc u r r e d i n
.
-

th e y e a r 53 4 ( H o dg k i n I I I . Fo r t h e V a n da l i c wa r s e e
Bu r y I 3 85 on wa r d . ag r e a t s p e c t a cl e : B e l i s a r i u s was r e
wa r d e d f o r h i s s uc c e s s by t h e h o n o r o f a t r iu mp h , a n d Ge l i me r
wa l ke d be f o r e hi m i n t h e t r i u mp h a l p ro ce s s i o n , t o g e t h e r wi t h
'
r

th e o th e r V a n da l c ap tiv e s .
( H o dg kin I I I p ri v a t e li f e :
a ft e r th e c e l e b r at i o n of th e t r i u mp h Ge l i me r , r e c e i v e d e s ta te s in
the p r o v i n ce of G al a tia and l iv e d there wi t h h is e xi l e d

co un tr y me n .

1 72 . th ir d pa r t of th e wo r l d : s ee M a r c e l l in u s on th e ye ar
53 4 pr ovi n ci a Af r i ca q u a e i n di vi s i o n e o r bi s t er r air u r n a pl e r i s q u e
: ,

i n pa r te t er ti a pos i ta es t v o l e n t e d e o vi n di ca ta e s t S e e a l s o Or o
,
.

si n s I 2 83 ; Co de x I u s ti n i a n u s 1 2 7 1 p r a n d Ca s s i o d o r u s
, , , ,
.

va r . I I , 13 . th e mi s e r y of c i vi l wa r : a wa r wi t h t he Mo ors
f o l l o we d d i r e ct l y up o n t he de p a r tur e of B e li sa ri u s f ro m Af ri ca ,

a n d a f t e r r a g in g fo r s e v e r al y ea r s wa s b r o u g h t to a s uc c e s s f ul
c o n c lu s i o n by h i s l i e u t e n a n t S o l o mo n i n 5 39 ( Gi bbo n I V
S e e B u r y I 3 87 o n wa r d .

1 73 s u c h a mi s f o r t u n e : h i s s h i p s we r e wr e c k e d
. See X X X .

1 57 ,
a l s o O r os i u s 7, 4 3 , ( V al i a ) t e r r i tu s maxi me i u di ci o d ei ,
q u ia , c u m ma g n a s u per i or e a boi n e a n n o Go th or u m ma n u s
tr a n s i r e mo li r e t ur i n XI I mi li bu s pa s s u u rn Ga di ta n i
i n A f r i ca m
i r e ti t empes ta te c or r epta mi s era bi li exi tu per i er a t me mor e ti a m ,

i l li n s a ccepta e s u b A la r i c o cl a di s cu m i n S i ci li a in Go thi tr a n s i r e ,
 I 72 J OR DA N E S Z O RI G I N A N D D E E D S O F T H E G OT H S

c o n a ti in c o n s ) e c tu/ s n or u m mi s e r a bi l i telr arre pti et d e me r s i s u n t,

pa c e i n cu m H o n or i o pepig i t . a b l o o dl e s s v i ct o r y
a re f e r en c e t o the p eace c o n c lu de d wi t h H o n o r i u s ; s ee pa ss ag e

f r o m O r o s iu s c ite d i n p r e c e di n g n o t e a l s o I I 1 65 a n d , XX X n ot e .

To l o s a : th e c a p it a l o f t h e V i s i g o t h i c K i n g d o m i n Ga u l , n o w
To u l o u s e .

74
1 me n t i on e d
. a bov e : s ee X I V 81 . V e te ri c : see XI V 81 .

s t i l l s u b mi t t e d t o th e H un s : see XXIV I 3O .

75 1 . Th e o d o r i d : t h i s i s T h e o d o r i d I wh o wa s s la i n i n t he -

B at t l e o f t h e C a t a l a u n i a n P la i n s i n 4 5 1 S ee X L 2 09 .

XXXIV 1 76 . Th e o do s iu s and F e s tu s c o n s ul s in 4 39 .

C o u n t Ga in a : t h e r ev o lt of Co u n t Ga i n a , or Ga i n a s , an d th e con

s e q u en t ou t-br e a k of p opu la r f r e n zy a g a in s t th e Go th s i n C o n
s t an t in o p l e a c tu a ll y i n 4 00 t h o u g h J o r d a n e s s e e ms t o
o c cu r r e d ,

a s s ig n it to t he c o n s u l sh i p of T h e o d o si u s a n d F e s t u s , t h e
year 4 39 . Ga i n a w a s k i l le d o n t h e s ho r e s o f t h e Da n u b e by
t he H u n U l di s wh o s ent h i s he a d t o A r c a di u s ( H o dg kin I
‘ '
'
.
, .

II F o r d e t a il s of th rev ol t of Co u n t Ga i n a s e e B u r y
'

I 83 89 -
, C a mb r i dg e M e d i e v a l H i st o r y 2 62 2 63-
A e t i us : t h e
.

g r ea t R o ma n g e n e r a l wh o d e f e a t e d A tt i la at the B a tt l e of t he
Ca t a l a u n i a n P l a in s ( Ch al o n s )
'
in 4 51 . , See X XXV I 191 .

D u r o s t o r u m : t h e mo d e r n S i l i s t r i a [ on t h e l o we r D a n u be .

1 77 . Li t o r i u s : J o r da n e s p ro ba b l y g ot h is [
i n f o r ma t i o n from
P ro sp e r on the y ea r 4 3 9 : Th e o d os i o X V I I e t F es t o Li t or i u s q u i .

A e ti o pa tr i ci o po t es ta t e H u n n i s a u xi li a n ti bu s pr a e
'

s e c u n da ab

era t pu g n a m c u m Go th i s i mpr u d e n tetr c o n s er u i t ta n tam

i ps e h o s ti bu s c la d e m i n tu li t u t n i s i i n c on s i d e r a n t er pv oe l i a n s i n ,
’ '

ca p ti v i ta t e i n i n ci d i s s e t d u bi ta n du m f or e t c u i po ti n s pa r ti vi c t o r i a
, ,

a ds c r i betr e tu r m Go th i s f a c ta c u m e o ni [20s t a n ci pi ti s
po x cu ,

pu g n a e l a cr i ma bi l e e xpe r i me n tu m h u mi li u s q u a m u in q u a rn a n te a
popo s ci s s e n t S e e B u r y I 1 72 C a mbr i d g e M e d i e v a l H i s t o r y 4 1 1
.
, .

1 78 . A t ti l a : h e h i s br o t h e r B l e d a g a i n e d t h e r u l e o v e r t h e
an d
‘
-

Hun s in 4 3 3 a n d B l e da wa s mu r d e re d t we l v e y e a r s l a t e r See .

X X XV «
I 80 an. e mba s s y : i n 4 4 8 t h e E mp e r o r T h e o d o s iu s

II s en t an e mb a s s y to A t t i la an d th e c hi e f mb a s s a d o r M a x i mi n
a , ,

i n v i t e d P r i s c u s , t h e ma n o f l e tt e r s to a c c o mp a n y h i m From .

P r i s cu s we l ea rn mu c h o f At t i l a s o wn c o u nt r y an d co u rt .

( H o dg k i n II Th e a c co u n t of P r i s cu s is we l l t r a n sl a t e d
by B u r y (I mi g h t y r iv e r s : see P r i s cu s f r . 8 (4 p . 83
opow fi dh oue v 3V oi ué ywr oc ner d 7 6V
‘

i ror a uo i s 6 '
va va u r poa e
'
r e n .
,

Apfixwv h ey oue vos

'
I a r po v 8
'
r e Ka i 6 Th u s Ka i 6t bfia a s fi ll . Ka i r ofir ov s ué u
én ep a ufifiuev . T i s ia : t he r iv e r T he i s s . S ee a l so t he Co rp u s .

I n s cr . La t . I I I p 24 7 f o r t h e s e r iv e r s
. V i di g o i a : s e e V 4 3 . .

vi l l ag e l i k e a g r e a t c i t y : s e e P r i s c u s f r 8 ( p 89 '
. .

{ V609 5 % n ept fi oh o v wh e i a r a ér uy xa ve v ol mfiua r a , 1 a ué v éx a a ui dwv é yy h zfigbwv ' ‘ '

I 74 J ORDA N E S Z O RI GI N A ND D E EDS O F T H E GOT H S

g ot h s , i t wil l be re memb e r e d , at thi s t i me s ub mit t e d to th e

o v e r l o r ds h i p o f the Hun s . A r da r i c : see L 2 60 , 2 62 , 2 63 .

A ls o R o ma no 3 3 1 and Bu r y ,
I 26 1 n o te 2 .

2 00 ke epe r of
. s e cr e t s : C a s s i od o r u s ys ( v a r I I
sa .
, V u o lo
mer we h a d s ai d :
e n i tu i t fi de
1 99 in . in X X X V I I I .

f e a r a n d t r e mb l i n g : c o mp a re wi t h th e cu m ti mor e e t tr e mor e
o f J o r d a n e s t he V u l g a t e P h i l I I 1 2 : c u m me tu e t tr e mo r e ' -
. .

X X X I X 206 t h e M a e o t i a n s wamp : s e e X X I V 1 2 3
. .

X L 2 09 A n da g : t h e f a t he r o f B a z a t o wh o m J o r da n e s wa s
.
,

n o ta r i u s . (S e e n o te on L 2 66 . i n p r oph e c y : see X X XV I I 1 96 .

210 . n ea rl y sle w At til a : see Ca s s i o d o r u s on th e yea r 4 51 :

R o ma n i A e ti o d u c e Go th i c a u xi li a r i bu s co n tr a A t ti la ni in co mpo
Ca ta la u n i c o pu g n a ve r u n t q u i ,
v i r tu t e Go th or u m s upetr a tu s a bs ces si t .

P ro sp er n e ith e r me n t i o n s -
th e p l ace n or g iv e s t h e Go t h s cr e dit

for t h e v i ct o r y .

X LI 21 6 . his br o th e r s : it wi l l b e re m e m be r e d that Th eo
dor id I h ad
-
s e nt h o me four
*
of his s on s b e f o r e t h e ba t t l e ; s e-e

XXX V I 1 90 .

21 8 . th e old o r a cl e s : s uch as th e g ood o me n of the s wo r d

of M a r s X XV ,
1 83 .

X LI I 21 9 . A q u i l e ia : s ee XV 88 . Th e r
c iver N'a t i s s a o r
Na t i s o ( Ammia n u s 2 1 1 2 8) i s t h e mo de r n , ,
N a t is o n e ; M oun t
P i c c i s i s n o t m e n t i o n e d e l s e wh e r e .

22 1 . fo rce d th ei r wa y : P ro sp e r h a s n ot h in g ab ou t th i s .
'

Ca s
s i o d or u s ys t h -e y e ar A t ti la A qu i lei a m ma g n a vi
'
’

sa on 4 52 :

di mi ca n s i n tr o i v i t . Th e f
r e ug e e s f r om t he c i ti e s sac ke d a d n

bu r n e d by A t t i l a fl e d t o t h e l a g o o n s a t t h e mo u t h s o f t h e
P i a v e a n d t h e B r e n t a , o c c up y i n g t h e i s l a n d s .
wh i ch l a t e r b e
ca me the s it e of t he cit y of V e n ic e .
( S ee B ury I 179, I 8O .

222 . M e di o l a n u m : M il a n . T i c i n um : on th e Ti c i n u s riv er ;
th e mo d e r n P av ia . P ri s c u s r el a t e s : t h e p a s sa g e i s n ot pr e s e r v e d .

223 . P ope Le o : P o p e '

fr om 44 0- 4 61 . P ro sper
:
( on the y ea r
4 52 ) sa ys of t his e m ba s s y : s us c epi t n e g o ti u rn pa pa
Le o
'

i ta s u ni in i s a c e r d o ti s p ir a es e n ti a r ex g a vi s u s e s t, ut cl

be l l o a bs ti n e r i pr a e ciper e t et D a n u v i u m pr o mi s s a pa c e d i s c e
u l tr a

d er e t . See Bu r y I 1 79 , H o d g k i n 11 1 5 6 1 61 A mbu l e i an -
.

d i s t ri c t : t hi s r e g io n is not e l s e whe r e me n t i o n e d . T h e M i n -c i u s
is a t r ibu ta r y o f th e P 0 in Ci s a lp i n e Ga u l ,
no w c al l e d th e
M in ci o
-- -
H o n or i a : t h e d a u g h t e r o f Ga l l a P l a c i d i a a n d C o n
.
'

s t a n t iu s I I I wh-o m Ga l l a P l a c i di a ma r r i e d up o n t h e d ea t h o f
'

h e r fi r s t h u s b a n d At h a v u l f S e e a l s o t he a c co u n t g i ve n by .

6 Ar r rfl ms am
’ ,

P r i s c u s f r 1 6 ( p 99 p a trr c w d vdpa s
’ ' ‘
l
,
7 6 1! , .

m
’

43 i7pu00
’ '
A I r a h l a v éi r e p la v ét dt déva t e
‘
T ip ! (2
30 76 iyv v ycLp 01 137
'
re u aL
'
r .
,
.

pbs 7am mfip

fi ’

uévnv Lov ue vos 6v fir fi s bflé vr a. da xn l h t o v, dv

'
r eK n o t ot
'
n 7 1r a p a n eug
,

i ém da xflna éue vo v éa r pa xwpei v 6% B a h e wwca vbv

’
Ka ot AKet n a 7 6v Ka l r oii
 CO M M E N TA RY I 75

Jyul a ews A t t il a d e ma n d wa s r e usedf Se e also

’
uépovs
‘

n ys Ba a ch el a s . s .

R o ma n o 3 2 8 a n d B u r I 1 74 , 1 75 y .

X I I I 225 L p r omi s e d hi m by T h e o d o s i u s : t h a t i s , T h e o d o
.

s i n s 1 1 ( 4 02 T h i s r e f e r s t o t r i bu te mo n e S e e P ri s cu s y .

é Ar r fih a s uer a 7 0 T ip ! I r a Ma v d uopa i r odl a a a da t

’ ’ '‘

fr . 19 (p .
99
‘ ‘ '

p wv P wua l wu n éh euov Ka i c
’ '

é1r l d ¢ ér epa d ua f ezfifi‘a s s Kpa r ofia t 7 631/ éc i t/ Opa

‘
r , a 7 02

wodta ubu my émre p dé w os m 1 0 0 7r a pa Oeo aoa lo v

‘
r fis xcfi pa s Ka r fiy yeh h e v, di s
‘

r er a y uép o v papa l)
'
( .

22 7 . Ca t a l a u n i a n Pl ai n s : t hi s . s ec o n d d e feat At t i l a by t h e
of

V i s i g ot h s on th e v e ry s it e of th e f o rm e r b a tt l e i s g e n e ra ll y
d i s be l i e v e d by h i s to r i a n -s , s i n ce i t is m e n t i o n e d by no ot her
a u t h o r ( H o dg k in I I

228 . A s ca l c : P r o s p e r of Aq uit a in e ,
I da t i u s an d I s i d o ru s s ay

Th o r i s mu d wa s s la i n by h i s b r o t h e r s a nd t h e i r d ep e n de n t s
'

. No r
is th is i n co n s i s t e nt wit h t h e a c c o u n t g iv e n by Jo r d a n e s wh o
s p ea ks o f t h o s e th a t we r e ly i n g i n wai t . A s c al e p r o b a bl y p l a y e d
t he pa rt o f lb e t r a y e r .

X LI V Ri c i a ri u s : R e ch ia r iu s , ki g of th e Suavi in
—
229 . or n

Sp a in from 4 4 8 4 56 F o r h i s de a t h s e e . 23 2 X LI V . h i s k in s
ma n : h e h a d ma r r i e d Th e o d o r i d e s i st e r
-
’
.

23o . A u s t r o g o n i a : t h e A u tr i g o n es a ot u a l l y d we l t on th e we s t
o f Ga l l a e ci a . S ee M e la 3, I , 1 5 ; P l in 3, 3, y 2 7; F l o r u s 4 , 12
°

Or o s iu s 6 ,
21 ; Co r p u s i n s c r . l a t I I p 3 94
. . . M o n u me n t o f
S ci p i o : se e I 7 . Tagus : no w th e Ta o j .

23 1 . mo v e d h i s arra y: p r o ba bl y in t he ye a r 4 56( Ho dg k i n
II Gun di u c h : or Gu n d i o k , a br o t h e r i n - -
l a w o f R i ci me r
X LV H i l p e ri c : or Ch i lp e r i c
'
-
. S e e H o d g k i n I I 3 88 .

23 2 . U l bi u s : a cc o r d i n g to I da t i u s t h e b at t l e t o o k p l a c e a t a

r iv e r ca l l e d t he U nbi c u s , no w t h e O br e g o , n ear A s tu r i ca Aug u st a

( n o w A s to r g a ) in n orth we s t e r n S p a i n . T y r r h e n i an S e a : t h i s
g e o g r a p h i ca l f
r e e r e n ce i s ba dl i n g , f o r t h e ba tt l e was f o u g h t at

Op o r t o .

23 3 . Ag r i v ul f : he
'
r ul e d o ve r t he S uav i i n Sp a i n i n 4 5 6
4 57 .S e e I d a t iu s on th e ye a r 4 5 7: A i u lf us d es er e n s Go th os i n
Ga l la e ci a r es i d e t . d 3 60 V arn i : or V a r in i ; s ee Zeus s I 32 an .

Ri mi s mu n d : h e ru l e d t h e Su a v i f r o m 4 5 8 o n wa r d
'

23 4 .
,
.

X LV 2 3 5 E ur i c h : h e t o o wa s a s o n o f T h e o d o r i d I ; se e
.

X X X V I 1 90 wi t h s u c h e a g e r h a s t e : a e u p h e mi s t i c wa y o f
'

sa ying t hat he a s s a s si n a t e d h i s br o t h e r . V a l e n t i n ia n : he wa s
mu r d e r e d -
Ca mp u s Ma r t i u s i n 4 5 5
on I n t h e R o ma n o 334
the .

J o r da n e s , f o l lo wi n g M a r c e l l i n u s s a y s t ha t t h e de e d wa s do n e ,

b y two d e p e n d e n t s o f Aé t iu s S e e B u r y I 1 82 l a i d i t wa s t e :
'
'
-
. .

co mp a r e t he a c c o u n t o f t h e e v e n t s o f t h i s ye ar ( 4 5 5 ) a s g i v e n
b y M a r c e l l i n u s : V a l e n ti n i a n us pr i n c e ps d o l o M a xi mi pa tri ci i
tr u n ca tu s e s t i d e m M a xi mu s i n va si t i mpe r i u m t er ti o q u e ty r a n n i di s
.
I 76 J ORDA N E S I O R I GI N A ND D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

s ua e me n s e me mbr a ti m R o ma e a R o ma n i s dis cer p tn s e s t C e n s e .

r i ous r e x Wa n da l o r u m e x A fr i ca R o ma m i n g r e s s n s e s t e a q u e

u r be r e bu s o mn i bu s s po l i a ta Th e V a n d a l s a r e sa i d t o h a v e b e e n
.

s u mm o n e d f r o m A f r i ca by t h e E mp r e s s E u do x i a wi d o w o f ,

V a l e n t i n i a n I I I wh o m M a x i mu s h a d f o r c e d t o ma r r y h im
,
.
l
'
.

( H o dg k i n I I IB ut s e e nB u r y I 2 3 5 Ca mbr i d g e M e di e v a l ,

H i s t o r y 3 08 wa s s l a i n : M a x i mu s wa s mu r d e r e d a f t e r a
.

r e i g n o f a b o u t t h r ee mo n t h s ; s e e B u r y I 2 3 5 H o d g k i n I I 205 , .

23 6 M a j o ri a n : t h e E mpe r o r M aj o r i a n wa s k i l l e d i n A u g u s t
.
'

4 61 . S ee M a r c e l l i n u s o n t hi s y e a r : M a i o r i a n us Ca es a r a pu d
D e r t o n a m i u x ta flu vi u m q u i H i m di ci tu r i n t e r e mptu s e s t : l o cu m
e i u s S e v e r u s i n va s i t C o mp a r e a l s o R o ma n o 3 3 5 wh e r e J o r d an e s
.
,

s e e ms t o h a v e d r a wn o n t h e Ge ti ca a s a s o u r c e S e e B u r y I 24 0 .

D e r t o n a : a c i t y i n L i g u r i a no w T o r to n a Fo r th e r i v e r I r a, .

s e e Co r p u s i n s c r l a t V p 828 . A n t h e mi u s : s o M a r c e l l i n u s
. . . .

on t h e y e a r 4 67: Le o i mperm t or A n th e mi n m pa tr i ci mn K o ma m
mi s i t i mpe r a t o r e mq n e c o n s ti tu i t A f t e r t h e de at h o f S e v e r u s t h e r e .

wa s f o r t we n t y m o n t h s n o e mp e r o r i n t h e we s t ; a n in t e r r e g n u m
:

wh i c h a s H o d g ki n ( I I 4 4 0 ) p o i nt s o u t p r e p a r e d t he wa y f o r
,
“
,

the a bo l i t i o n of th e d ig n i t y
f Aug u s tu s in o A n t h e mi u s
wa s th e s o n-in - l a w o f M a r c ia n ,
’
L
e o s p r e d e c e s s o r i n t he ea s t .

Se e B u r y I 24 3 -
4, C
24 a m b r i d g e l
M e di e v a l H i s t o r y 4 2 6 Ri ci .

me r : R i c im e r , t h e g r a n d s o n o f V a li a k i n g o f t h e V i s i g o t h s , ,

wa s t h e p o we r b e h i n d t h e R oma n t h r o n e f o r t h e s i x te e n ye a r s
( 4 56 4 72 ) a ft e r A v i t u s [ X LV 2 4 0 ] was d e p o s e d ( Ho d g k i n I I
-

S e e B u r y I 2 3 4 2 4 9 Ca mb r i d g e Me di e v al H i s t o r y 4 22
-
, .

B e o r g : Ho d g k i n ( I I 4 4 0 ) s ug g e s t s t h at h e m a y h a ve b e e n t h e
s ucce s s or of S a n g iba n ( X X X V I I B e o r g wa s k il l e d
i n 4 64 .

237 . B ri tt on e s : see Gr e g o r y of Tours 2, 1 8 : B r i ta n n i d e B i t u r i c a

a C a th i s e xpu ls i s u n t mu l ti s a pu d D o l e n s e ni vi cn m per e mpti s Ri o .

t i mu s : s u p p o s ed t o be t h e . sa me as t he R i o t h a mu s to wh o m a
l e tt e r S i do n iu s
of w (3 .
9) is a ddr e s s e d .

238 . A r v e r n i we r e a p e o p l e o f Ga u l i n t h e r e g i o n
A rv e r na : th e
n o w c al l e d A u v e r g n e S e e X LV 2 4 0, a n d H o dg ki n 1 1 4 86 4 88
.
-
.

23 9 O l y b r i u s : s e e Ma r c e l li n u s o u t h e y e a r 4 72 : vi i i i d N o v
. . .

A n th e mi u s i mp R o ma e a R i ci me r e g e n e r a s u o o c ci di tu r l o c o
. .

e i u s Oly br i u s s u bs ti tu tn s S e e B u r y I 2 4 8 C am b r i d g e M e di e v a l
.
,

H i s t or y 4 2 8 . A s p a r : h e wa s o f t h e A l a n i, a g e ne ral a nd ex

o o n s ul, an d h i s p o we r i n t h e e a s t e r n e mp i r e wa s g r e at f o r ma n y
ye a r s .
( H o d g ki n I I I t wa s m a i n l y t h r o u g h h i s i n fl u e n c e
t ha t Le o be ca me m p e r o r ( 4 57 C o mp a r e M a r c e l l i n u s o n
e

t h e y e a r 4 71 : A s pa r pr i mn s pa tr i c i o r u m c u m A r da bn r e e t P a tr i ci a to

fi lii s i l l o q u i de m o l i ni pa tr i ci o h o c a u tem Ca e s arr e g e n er o q u e Le o n i s

, ,

pr i n cipi s appe l la to Ar ri a n u s c u m A r r i a na pr o l e s pa d o n u m e n s ibus

,
1 78 J ORDA N E S Z O RI GI N A N D D E E D S O F T H E G OT H S

F ou n d i n g o f R o me 75 3 B C . .

A c c e s s io n of A u g u s t u s i n 709 t h ye a r
a fte r 708 y e a r s ) 45 B C . .

R om u l u s A u g u s t u lu s in 5 nd
2 2-
year
a ft er a c c e s s io n o f A u g u st u s
52 1 ye ars ) 4 76 A D . .

A l t h o ug h t h e t o t a l r e o ko n i n g c o me s o u t c o r r e ct l y , t h e d a te o f
t h e a s s a s s i n a t i o n o f J u li u s C ae s a r s h o u l d, o f c o u r s e , be 4 4 , n o t

4 5, B C . . S e e a l s o R a mo n a 3 4 5 s l e w C o u n t B r a c il a : s e e M a r
.

c e l l i n u s o n t h e y e a r 4 77: B r a ci l a m c o mi t e Od ova c e r r e x a pu d m
Rav en na m o c ci d i t . al mo s t th ir te en y ea r s : O d o ac e r fl ed to
R av e n n a i n 4 89 a fte r t h e B a t t le of V eron a ; see LV I I 2 93 .

XLV I I 24 5 . n in th in s ucce s s i on : th e f o l l o wi n g is a l i st of

th e V i s ig o t h i c ki n gs me n t i o n e d by J o r da n e s :
3 95 4 10
-

4 1 0- 4 1 5

4 15

4 1 5- 4 1 9

4 1 9-4 5 I
45 I 4 S3
‘

4 5 3 4 66-

4 66 4 85
-

4 85 50 7
—
A ma l a r i c
Th i u di s
Th i u d i g i s l u s
Ag i l
At h a n a g il d

s ta t e d a bo v e : in X LV I 24 3 .

X LV I I I 24 6 . H e rma n a r i c : h e d i e d i n 3 75 ; see

an d n ot e . V i n i th a ri u s : s ee g en e al o g i cal ch a rt, p .
4 1 .

24 7 . B oz : n ot ot h e r wi s e me n t i o n e d .

24 8 . B a l a mb e r : see XXIV I 3O an d n o te . Ge s i mu n d
Mo mms e n ( I n de x P er s o n a r u in p 1 4 3 u n d e r Ge s i mu n du s ) p o i n t s
, .
,

o u t t h at :i t i s e v i d e n t f r o m t wo p a s s a g e s t h a t a g e n e r a t i o n h a s

f a l l e n o ut i n o n e b r a n c h o f t h e f a mi l y t r e e o f t he A ma l i a s
g i v e n i n X I V 79 F o r i n XL V I I I 2 5 2 V a n d a l a r i u s t h e of
-
. s on

V i n i t h a r i u s a n d Tho r i s mu d t h e s o n o f H u n i mu n d a r e ca l l e d

cous in s , wh i ch m e n u mbe r o f g e n e r a t i o n s bet we e n

r e q uir e s th e sa

e ach o f t h em
a n d t h e i r c o mm o n a n ce s t o r s a n d f u r t h e r mo r e ,

Ge s i mu n d wh o i s h e r e ( X LV I I I 2 4 8) c al l e d th e s o n o f H un i
,
'
i

mu n d th e G r ea t i s n ot f ou n d i n t h e g e n e a l o g i c a l l i st t h o u g h t h e
, ,

o t h e r A ma l i wit h wh o m h e i s m e n t i o n e d a r e a l l n a m e d t h e r e .

F u rt h e r mo r e ( t h o u g h M o mm s e n do e s n ot a t t a ch m uc h i mp o r
‘
 C O M M E N T A RY

t a nc e to t h is argu me n t ) , by th e a ddit io n of one g en e r at io n

Eu t h a r i c an d A ma l a s u e n t h a a re ma d e to be o f t he sa me
g e n er atio n .

M o mms e n be li ev e s t h a t Ge s i mu n d h a s f al l e n o u t n o t bet we e n ,

H u n i mu n d a n d T h o r i s mu d bu t b et we e n H e r ma n a r i c a n d ,

H u n i mu n d F o r b o t h J o r da n e s ( X L V I I I 2 50 ) a n d C a s s i o
.

d o r u s h i ms e l f ( v a r I) s p eak of H u n i mu n d s be a ut y
’
«
11 .
,
l
,

s o we mu s t a d mit t h a t h e b e g a n t o r u l e wh e n a y o u n g ma n .

A n d y e t i f H e r ma n a r i c d i e d at t h e a g e o f 1 1 0 i t i s s c a r ce l y
,
-
,

l i k e l y t ha t h e l e f t a y o u th fu l s o n a s h i s s u cc e s s o r F u r t h e r mo r e
—
.

wh a t J o r d a n e s s a y s i n X L V I I I 24 8 t h a t wh e n t h e Hu n s e x
p e l l e d V i n i t h a r i u s f r o m h i s k i n g do m t h e y s u mmo n e d Ge s i mu n d ,

t h e s o n o f Hu n im u n d th e G re a t a n d ( X L V I I I 2 50 ) t h a t t h i s ,

Hu nimu n d r u l e d t h e Go t h s u p o n t h e d e f e at a n d de at h o f V i n i
t h ar iu s —i s s ca r c e l y c r e d i bl e .

M om m s e n t h e r e fo r e a rg u e s t h a t i n X I V 8 1 t he a u t h o r s h o u l d
h a v e wr i t t e n : H e r ma n a r i c u s g e n u i t [ Ge s i mu n d u m; Ge s i mu n du s
-

a u t e m g e n u i t ] H u n i mu n du m A n d l i ke wi s e s i n c e t h e wo r d s i n .
-
,

pa r e n t h e s e s h a d f a l l e n o u t i n s t e a d o f Ge s i mu n d o H er ma n a r i c i ,

fi li o i n X L V I I I 2 4 8 t he r e wa s s u bs t i t u t e d Ge s i mu n d o H u n i mu n di
ma g n i fi li o an d i n t h e X L V I I I 25 0 i n s t e a d o f H u n i ni u n dus fi l i u s
Ge s i mu n di wa s s u bs t i tu t e d H u n i mu n d u s fi li u s H e r ma n a r i ci .

H o d g ki n ( I I I 9 ) b e l ie v e s t h at Ge s imu n d wa s p ro b ab l y a n
e l d e r br o t h e r o f Th o r i sm u d E r h a r dt ( G ott i n g i s c h e g e l e h r t e
'

A n z e ig e n 1 886, 1 -2 , p a g e 677) i s [ of t he o p i n i on t h at the c o nt ra

d i ct i o n s f ou n d in Ge ti ca 2 4 6 2 52 c le a r l y i n di c a t e t ha t t h e g e n e a
—
-

l o g i c a l t ab l e g iv e n i n 79 h a s b e e n c l e v e r l y r e s t o r ed p r o b a bl y
—
as

by C a s s i o d o r u s
. a n d i s n o t to b e ir e l i e d
«
up on . A c c o r di n g l y h e
co n s id e r s Mo mms e n s a t t e mp t t o r e c o n c il e J o r d a n e s v a r i o u s
’ ’

s t a t e m e n t s wit h e a c h o t h e r a s e q ua l l y u n t r u st wo rt h y Se e th e .

g e n ea l o g i c a l ch a r t on p .
4 1 .

E r a c : p o s s i bl y t h e r i v e r P h a s i s i n C o l c h i s ; VI 47
'

24 9 . see .

2 50 .
p e r s o n a l be au t y : C a s s i o d o ru s 1 1 , 1 : e n i t u i t V n i mu n
d u s f o r ma . bl o o m of y o ut h : C a s s i o do r u s I I ,
I : e n i tu i t

Th o ri s mu t c as ti ta te .

25 1 . for f o r t y y e a r s : K o pk e ( D i e A n fa n g e d e s K o n i g t hum s
be i d e n Go t h e n , p . 14 1 ) see ks to e xp l a i n th i s l e g e n da r y fo r t y
ye a rs of mo u r ni n g by a n o t ic e p re s e rv e d i n a l e tt e r o f Ca s s io
doru s ( var . 8, H e a s s u me s t h a t we mu s t i n t e r p o la t e
-
. a r e ig n ,
“
na m e l y t ha t of a Ge n s e mu n d wh o a s Ca s s i o d o r u s s a y s :
n
,
t h oug h
onl y a do p t e d a s a so n -
i n -
a rnms , j o i n -e d h i m-s e l f wi t h
d e v ot i o n s u ch

to t he A ma l t hat he r e n d e r e d s e r v i c e o f a n x i ou s fi d e l it y
'

r ac e

to it s h e ir s , a l th o u g h he h i ms e l f wa s b e s o u g h t t o we a r t h e
wn ( H o d g ki n t r an sl atio n B u t H o dg k i n p o i n t s o ut th at
)
t ’
c ro s
'
. .

t h e p o i n t o f t hi s st o r y s ee - ms r at h e r t o b e t h a t Ge s imu n d r ef u s e d
1 80 J OR DA N E S I O R I G I N A ND D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

the cro wn . H o dg k i n
’
s e xp l a n a t i o n see ms r at h e r mor e p ro ba b le
:

t h at t h e Go t h s di d fo r a t im e h e s it a t e t o fi l l t h e p l a c e of t h eir
be l o v ed k i n g , a n d th e H u n s , wh o we r e t h e i r o v e r l o r d s s o p r o ,

l o n g e d t h i s p e r io d t h a t it wa s a g e n e ra t io n b e f o r e t h e y s u c
cc e d e d in r e s tor n i g t h e A ma l l i n e t o t h e t h r o n e ( H o d g ki n I I I .

we h a v e s a i d b e f o r e : i n X XX I I I 1 74 A ma l a s u en t h a : o r .

Am a la s u n t h a t h e d a u gh t e r o f Th e o d o r i c a n d A u d e fl e da Se e
‘

.
,

also LI X 3 04 on wa r d . d i v i de d l on g ago : that is, wh e n Bere

mu d we n t t o t h e V is i g o t h s ; s e e X X X I I I 1 74
-
. s e c on d

h u s b a n d : M a t h e su e n t h a s fi r st h u s ba n d wa s V i t i g e s
’

, t he ar mo r
be a r e r of Th e o da h a d ( LX
2 52. s t o c k o f V a n da l a r i u s : wi t h the s e ctio n s of th is ch a p t e r

co mp a r e als o X I V 79 o n wa r d an d LV I I I ‘
'
29 7 o n wa r d .

253 . Th i u d i me r s erv ed : so Ca s s io d o r u s 11, I: e n i tu i t

V n a l a mer fi d e Th e u d i mer pi e ta te
, .

X LI X 2 54 . P ri s c u s r el at e s : t h e pa s s a g e i s
'

n ot p r e s e r v ed .

257 . too k an n u a l t ri bu t e : P r i s cu s f r 3 ( p 9 0 M u e l l )
s ee
= -' -
. . .

« 637mm 5$ T oa a fi r a 6 ! 6Mq
r wv 77
a w
’
o boevl 7 0v E xvflucfis i) Ka l ér épa s dpE ‘ ’

Ka r a n er
' '

paxfia i , (ba t e Ka i 1 63V é v ( 61( 6 a mia mu dpxe w Ka l u poS rr d a y ’ '

P wua l ov s é xe w 6 s ¢ 6pov d vr a ywy fi v

'
E KvBLKfi
’ ’
Ka i
‘
.

L 2 60 . A r da ri c : see a ls o XX X V I I I 19 9 and R o ma n o 3 3 1 .

Ne d a o : o r m wa s p r o ba bl y i n
Net a d : ‘

t h is s tr ea th e p art o f
H u n g a r y we st o f t h e D a n u b e ( Ho dg k i n I I By . t hi s
v ic t o r y i n 4 54 th e O s t r o g o t h s we r e a t la s t :f r e e d f r o m t h e y ok e
of t he Hun s a ft e r al mo s t e i gh t y ye a r s o f j
s u b e ct i o n to t he m .

S e e B u ry I 2 61 .

2 61 . S ua v i fi g h t i n g o n f o o t : W F r o h n e r ( ‘P h i l o l o g u s s u p
th e .

p l bd 5 55 [ 1 889 ] wo u l d r e a d l apid e f o r pe d e, r e f e r r i n g t o t h e u s e
.
,

o f t h e s l in g .

2 63 . M a r c ian : he r eig n e d fro m 4 5 4

0 -
57 .

2 64 . S i rmi um V i n d ob o n a : S i r mi um c o r re s p o n d s to a

t o wn of H un g ary c a ll e d M i t r ov i t z ; V i n d o b o n a i s
- '
th e mo de rn
V ie n n a .

2 65 . C a s t r a M a r t i s : C a s t r a M a r t is o r Ca s tr a mar t e n a u r bs a s - v
,

i t he r e c a l l e d , wa s a c it y o f D a c i a R ip e n s i s D uk e o f P e n ta .

p ol i s : i
: n L i by a ; se e P
*
co p i u s
r o- be l l . Va n d . 2, 21 . F r oi l a and

B ess a : of -
B l iv il a ,
'
me nt i o n ed a bo v e , and F r oi l a , we k n ow no

mo r e th a n I o rd a n e s s t at e s . P ro co p iu s ( be l l Go th . . I , 16 ) sa ys
(o r B e s s a s ) F ér flo s
'
of B e s sa o frr o s u év fi zz y é vos 651! ex é v OpaKy
’
,
1

wv, Gevaepi xwTe ém a lrouék I r u Ma V én fi ye

’

é k nuév iyl év0é u56 és 7 6V

’
‘ ’
O IJ K a
‘
.
,

P ér flwv k ea w F r om her p as sag e (4 )

’
n a n ot , I I it a pp e a r s t h at he
wa s ov er s e v e nt y ye ar s o f a g e i n 55 1 . Th e ‘

f ac t th a t J o r da n e s
sp e a ks of B-
essa as P a tr i ci a n i n o ur ti me h elp s to es t a bl i s h the
da t e of th e Ge ti ca . S c i ri : se e X LV I 24 2 . S a da g a r ii :
Zeus s p .
709 .
1 82 J O RD A N ES : O R I GI N A N D D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

L11 1 2 72 . S a d a gi s : see Zeuss p .

709 . D i n t z i c : i n P r i s cu s
fr 3 6, 3 8 Mue ll ) h e i s (p 1 08 c a l l e d Aé Yt U l t z in
'

x
' ’

.
.
. 1 07, .
t .

z u r e s : i n L 2 66 m e n t i o n i s ma d e o f a ce r t a i n U l tz i n du r Co m .

xfifla L K a l Obi/ VOL éwwuop d go w o

p a r e A g a t h i a s 5 1 1 ; éi rr a vr e s Kowfi u éu Z
’
' '
- '
.
, ,

26191 K ar t ! .
'
yeun, 76 p et! n a rrr é
’ ‘

w K or p l yovpm, ‘
1 6 5 e Obr l yovpm, dh h oc 6e '

Obe gov
‘

L
,
al dh h m B ovpo vy obubco u
An g i s c i r i : s e c Zeuss p .
709 ,

Z e u s s -p 709 B i t t u g u r e s : Ag a t h i a s 2 , 1 3 s p e a k s o f Ow
. .
l/ M y 75

30w: oi B l r r OpGS S e e a l s o Z e u s s p 709

'

B ar d o r e s : s e e Z e u s s
. . . .

p 709 . B a s s i a n a : M o mms e n ( c or pu s i m er l a t I I I ) p l a ce s t h i s
. . .

ci t y on t h e Raa b i n Hu n g a r y , a bo u t t we n t y mil e s e as t of St e i n
a m An g e r -
.

273 . H u n i mu n d : to be d i s t i n g u i s he d f r om H u n i mu n d th e
Am a l m e n t io n e d i n X I V 81
,
D a l ma t i a wa s n e a r S u a vi a .
:

Mo mm s e n ( p 1 65 ) s h o ws t h a t J o r d a ne s i s i n er r o r . H e con . .

f o u n ds S u a v i a wi th S a v i a t h e R o ma n p r o v i n c e wh i c h b o r de r s ,

on D a l ma t i a M o r e o v e r t h e n a r ra t i v e o f J o r d a n e s m a k e s it
.
-

c l ea r t ha t H u n im u n d c a m e i n t o D a l ma t i a f r o m Ge r ma n y For .

t he s i t u a ti o n of th e S uavi s ee LV 2 80 a n d n o t e Ac c o r d i n g to
.

P r o c o p iu s ( be l l Go th I t h e S u a v i we r e ne g h b o r s o f t h e
i- '
. .
,

Th u r i n g i a n d A l a ma n n i
l
S e e B u r y I 2 62 n o t e 3 .
, .

2 76 V a l ami r . wa s s l ai n : J o r d a n e s g i v e s a r é s u mé .

o f t h e s e a n d t h e f o l l o wi n g ev e n t s i n t h e R o ma n o 3 4 7 Th u s .

we r e al l d e s t r o y e d : H o dg k i n ( I I I 2 2 ) r em a r k s th a t J o r d a n e s
d we l l s u p o n t h e d e s t r u ct i o n o f t he S e i r i p e r ha p s t o o b s cu r e t h e
'
'

r ea l f t h e fi g ht
i s sue I n a ddi t i o n t o t h e lo s s o f t h e i r k i n g ,
o .

t he Go t h s ma y h a v e s u ff e r e d a s e v e re d e f e a t at t h e h a n d s o f t h e
S ua v i ; a s u r mi s e r e n d e r e d a l l t h e mo r e p r o b a bl e b y t h e e v e n t s
r e c o un t ed in t he f o l l owi n g s e ct i o n s .

LI V 2 77 Al a r i c : t h i s A l a r i c , iki n g wit h H u n i mu n d o f t h e
.

Ge r ma n S u a v i i s t o be d i st i n g ui s h ed f ro m e i t h e r o f t h e t wo
,
.

Al a r i c s t h e V i s i g o t hi c k i n g s , a n d A l a r i c K i n g o f t h e H e r u l i
'

( XX I I I B e u ca an d B a b ai : B e uca is n ot me n t i o n e d
e l se wh e r e ; B a ba i ag a i n in LV 2 82 E di c a and
'
a p pe a r s .

H un uu l f : n ot me n t i o n e d e l s e wh e r e ; bu t s e e H o d g k i n I I 5 1 7 n .

th e ri ve r B o l i a : n o t me n ti o ne d e l s e wh e r e .

2 78 . a cri ms on
J o r d a n e s i s a t h i s b e s t i n d e s c ri bi n g s ea :
'

ba t t l e s ce n e s a n d a pp ea r s t o t a k e de l i gh t i n t h e blo o dy d e t a i l s
h e re c ou n t s C o mp a r e X L 208 . .

27 9 t h e y r e j o i c e d wi t h jo y u n s p e ak a bl e : t h e i n efi a bi li e xu l
.

ta ti o n e l a e ta n twr of Jo r d a n e s s e e ms t o b e ma de o e r f r o m v

l a e ti ti a i n e n a r r a bzli i n t h e V u lg at e I P et r
'

e xu l ta bi ti s . 1, 8 . S ee
n ote on XXV I 137 fo r a n ot h e r V u lg a t e re mi n i sc e n c e . That
b o th of t h e s e B i bl i c a l e ch o e s f
r e e r a bl e to s in gl e bo o k of
'
I '

a re a

th e Ne w T e s t a me n t i s n o te wo r t h y .
 C O M M E N TARY

LV 2 8o . c o un t r y of t h e S u a vi : . H o dg k i n
diag r a m s u g g e st e d by J o r da n e s :
T h u r i n g ia n s
F ra n ks S u a vi B av a r ia n s
'

B u rgu n d ia n s

mu s t be rep l a ce d by t h i s :
F r a nk s
B u r g un di a n s S u a vi B a var ia n s
'

B u r g u n di a ns
281 . al mo s t me n t wh i c h ma y me a n
s u b du e d : a f orm o f s t at e

t o o u r au t h o r a l mo s t a n yt h i n g f r o m a d r a wn ba tt l e t o a d e f ea t .

2 82 s u mmo n e d
. a dh e r en t s : as Ho d g k i n ( I I I 2 4 ) o b
s er ve s t h i s wa s a r e p r o du c t i o n o f t h e o l d Ge r ma n i c Co mi ta tu s
,

whi ch T a c it u s d e s c ri be s ( Ge r ma n i a h a ec di g n i ta s h a e mr es
'

'

ma g n a s empe r e l e c t o r u m i u ve u u m g l obo ci r cu mda r i i n pa c e d ecus ,

i n be l l o pr a es i di u m C amu n d u s : i f a R o ma n g e ne r a l b o r e s u ch
‘
‘
.

a n a m e h e wa s p r o b a bl y o f b a r ba r i a n o r i g i n o r d e s c e n t ( Ho d g
,

ki n I I I S i n g i du n u m : n o w B e l g r ad e .

LV I 2 83 . Gl y c e r i n s r ul e d . see X LV 2 3 9
'
.

2 85 . ri v e r S a vu s : a t r i bu t a r y o f t h e D a n ube i n P a n n o n ia ,
no w
th e S av e . Na i s s us : Ni s c h
-
. B ury I
'
2 62 n ote 5 . As tat and

I n vi li a : n ot o th e r wi se me nt i o ne d . U l p i an a : i t s s it e is d ou bt
fu l . Mo mm s e n t h in ks it wa s It h e fi rst st a g e f r o m C a st r u m H e r
I

cu l i s
“
on the ro ad t o S -cu p r . S ee Co r pu s i n s cr la t I I I p p 2 68 . . . .

1 024 . Ca s t ru m H e r c ul i s : a p l ac e f o u r t e e n mil e s f r o m Na i s s u s .

Se e Cor pu s i n s cr la t I I I p 2 68 . . . .

286 S t o bi : p r o b a bl y n o w
.
.
r e p r e s e n te d by the vi l la g e o f
Cze r n a Gr a t z k o (
n ear the co n flue n ce of th e Cz e r n a an d V a r da r
( E rig o n an d
-
Axi u s ) . H e re t he r o a ds fr om S cu p i , S a r di ca , H e r a
cl e a an d m e t ( H od g k i n I I I
Th e s s a l o n ic a H e r a cl e a a n d
La ris s a : H e r a c l e a i s M o n a s t i r in M a c e d o n i a ; L a r i s s a i s i n
[
'

Th e s sal y . T h e s s al o n i ca : n o w S a l o mi e a H i l a r i an u s : ma g i s ter -
.

o fii ci or u m an d P a tr i ci u s at Le o ’
s c o u rt ; s ee Co d e x I u s ti n . I , 23 , 6 .

t h e e mp e r o r : Le o I I 4 73 4 74 .
,
1 -
.

2 87 p l a c e s t h e y in h a bi t e d : M o mms e n id e n t i fi e s a s f o l l o ws t h e
.

p l a c e s me n t i o n e d i n t h e t e x t Ce rt u P e l l a s E ur opa M e di a u a P e ti ua , , , , ,

B er e u S i u m) : Cy r r h us a n d P e l la n e i gh bo r i n g t o wn s i n M a c e
, ,

d o n i a pr i ma ; P e l l a i s t h e bi r t hp l a c e o f A l e x a n d e r t h e Gr e a t
-
.

E ur opu s and M e th a n e i n , t h e s a me p r o v i n ce . P y dn a an d B er o ea ,
al s o t o wn s of t h is p r o v in c e ; th e f o r me r f a mo u s as th e scen e of

th e d e f ea t of P e rs eus (B C . . t h e l at t e r t h e B e r e a m en t i on e d
i n Act s 1 7, 1 0 . B i um on t h e Th er ma l C Gu l f
-
.
( See m ap H o d g
,

ki n I I I
:

LV I I 2 89 . C o n s u l O r di n a r y : th i s wa s i n 4 84 . H e wa s ma d e
I 84 J O R D A N ES : ORI G I N A ND D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

P at r i c ia n and Ma s t e r of S o l di e r y i n 4 78 fo r h e l p i n g r e s tfo r e ,

Z e no t o t h e t h r o n e af t e r t h e r e v o lt o f B a s i l i s cu s I n t h e R o ma n a .

3 84 we fi nd t h e s e sa me
wr it e r a d h e r in g t h e r e
t h i n g s re l at e d , t h e
a l it t l e mo r e c l o s e l y t o t h e a c cou n t g i v e n b y M a rc e l l i n u s

29 1 i t wi l l s a v e t h e e xp e n s e : i n O ro s i u s ( 7 4 3 ) V al i a k i n g
.
, ,

o f t he V i s i g o t h s s a y s t o t h e E mp e r o r H o n o r i u s : tu c u m o mn i bus

pa ce m h a be o mn i u mq u e o bs i d es a c cipe ; n os n o bi s c o nfli g i mu s n o bi s ,

pe r i mus ti bi v i n ci mus : i mmor ta li s v er o q u a es tu s e r i t r e i pu bl i ca e

'

t ua e s i u tr i q u e per e a mu s
, .

29 2 s e n t h i m f o r t h : s e e A n o n y mu s V a l es i a n us 4 9 : Z e n o r e c o m
.

pe n s a ns be n efi ci i s Th e o d e r i c u m q u e m f e ci t pa tr i ci u m e t c o n s u l e m ,

d o n a ns e i mu l tu m e t mi t t e n s e u m a d I ta li a m H e s p e ri a : t h e .

p o e t i c n a me f o r I t a l y th e wes t er n c o u n tr y S on ti u s : n o w t h e '
.
,

r iv e r I s on z o . .S -e e c or pu s i n s cr . la t . V pp 75 9 3 5
. T h e o d o r ic
. .

da t e d h i s r e ign in I t a l y f ro m t h e ba t t l e o f th e h o me ( Ho d g i n k
III Th e A n n a l s of RIav e n n a o n t h e ye a r 4 90 s a y : h i s co n
-

s u li bu s i n g r es s u s es t r ex Th e o d e r i cus i n f os s a t o po n ti s S o n ti s e t
f u gi t Od o a ce r r ex de f os s a t o e t o bi i t i n B er o na m . H o d g k i n g i ve s
t h e dat e as 4 89 .

2 93 O d o a ce r : s e e
. X LV I 24 2 .
: Pi n e ta : th e f a mo u s p in e
fo r e s t n e a r Ra v en n a . h ar r a s s e d th e G ot h s : s ee A n o ny
mu s V a l e s i a n u s 5 4 : h oc cons u l e (t h e year 4 9 1 ) e x i i t Od o a c h ar
r ex d e Ra v e n n a n o c te cu m H er u li s i n g r es s u s i n P i n e ta i n f os s a t o
pa tri ci i Th e o d e r i ci et v i c tu s Od o a c h a r f ug i t R a v e n n a i di bu s
I u li is .

29 4 . b e gg e d f or me r c y : s ee t he c on ti n ua t or o f P r o s pe r
( H a vn i e n s i s ) o n the y e ar 4 93 : Od o a ch ar pa c e m a b Th e ud or i c o
pos tu l ons a cc e pi t , qua n on diu po ti t u s Th e o d o r i cus cu m

pa c c m m Od oa ch ar f e ci s s e t i n g r ess us es t Cl as s e m I I I 12 M a r t
cu , . .

a c d e i n d e i n g r es s u s e s t R a v e n na m pa ci s s pe ci e Od o a c h r e m i n te rf e ci t ,
.

29 5 d e p r i v e d h i m o f hi s l i f e : t h e a s s a s s i n a ti o n o f O d o a c e r i s
.

t h e da r k e st bl o t on th e c a r ee r of T h e o d o r i c t h e Gre a t . Th eo
d o r ic i n v it e d h i s r iv a l b It o a I a n u et
q in th e P a l a ce of La u re t um
and t h ere sle w h i m wi t h h i s o wn h a n d . See Bu r y I 28 1

H od g k i n I I I C a mb r id g e M e di e v a l H i st o r y 4 4 0
2 1 2, Lo d o i n .

t h i s is C h lo d-wig o r C l o v i s , k i n g o f t h e F r a n k s f ro m 4 8 1 5 1 1
' -
.

d au g h t e r A u d e fl e d a : Gr e g o r y o f T o u r s ( h i s t F r a n c 3 , 3 1 ) s a y s . .

she wa s h i s s i s t e r : Th e o d or i cu s r ex I ta li a e Ch l o d o v e chi r eg i s

s or o r e m i n ma tr i mo n i o h a bu i t .

296 . C e l d e be r t Th i u d e b e r t : we learn f r om Gre g o r y o f

To u r s 3 , 1 t ha t t h e f l o v i s we r e Th e u de r i cu s ,
s ons o -
Ch l o d o me r u s
Ch i l d e be r tus a n d Ch l o t o ch a r i u s a n d t h at Th eu d e r i c t he e ld e s t ,
'

, ,

h ad a son na me d Th e u d e ber t . So wh e n J o r da n e s s p ea ks of

C e l d e be r t ,
H e l d e be r t and Th i u d e be r t , the fi r s t t wo na me s s ee m
t o h av e a r is e n f r om d it t o g r a p h y
’
, wh i l e t h e t h ir d i s n ot t h at o f a
s on b ut of a g r an ds o n of Cl o v i s .
I 86 J O R D A N ES : O RIGI N AND D EE D S OF T H E G OT H S

son of t he g e n e r a l me wh o f o u g h t wi th T h e o d o r ic
of th e sa me n a

i n M a c e do n i a t we n t y s i x y e a r s b e fo r e M a r g o p l a n um : p r o b
—
-
« .

abl y o n e o f t h e t wo c i t i e s o f U p p e r M o e s i a H o r r e a M a rg i a n d
Margus T h e f o r m M a r g o p l a n u m i s n o t e l se wh e r e f o u n d
. .

H o d g k i n b e l i e v e s t h e ba t t l e t o o k p l a c e a t H o r r e a M a r g i i n t h e
v al le y o f th e M o rava M argus : a s t r e am in M o e s ia n o w t h e
.
,

hi o rava .

3 01 . At t il a n i : d e s c e n da n t s of At t il a
.
.

3 02 . I bba : see a dd . ad V i c t or e m Tu n n u n e n s e m on the year

509 : Ge s a li c u s a b H e lba n e Th e o d mr i ci I ta li a e r eg is du c e ab H i s pa n i c
fug a tu s Af r i ca m pe ti t I s id o r u s h i s t Go th . .
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. year 5 07:
Ge s a l i cu s ab E bba n e Th e o d e r i ci r eg i s du c e d u o d e ci mo a B a r ci
Io na u r be mi li a r i o c o mmi s s a pr o e l i o i n f u g a m v e r ti tur Th i s i s th e .

I b b-a vi r s u bl i mi s d u x t o wh o m Ca s s i o d o r u s wr i t e s v a r 4 17
'

. .
,

Th i u di s : upon t h e de a t h of Al a ri c I I i n h is s on A ma l a r i c
s u c c e e de d to t he t h ro ne and r u led th e V i s i g ot h s u nt il 53 1 .

Th iu di s r e ig n e d fr o m 53 1 - 54 8 .

3 03 . th e pr e s en t day : t h e y ear 55 1 , wh e n t he Ge ti ca wa s
wr i t t e n .
.
See i n t r o du c t i o n , p ag e
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13 . At h a n a g i l d : I s i d o r u s ,

h is t . Go th . ad er a m 5 87 ,
sa ys Ath a n a g il d
’
s i n s u r r e c t i o n o c cu r r e d
i n t h e th i r d ye a r of Ki ng Agil
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s r e ig n , th at is ,
in 55 1 Th e .

a d di ta me n ta ad Vi c t or e m Tu n n u n e n s e m (p .
3 72 R on c .
) for th e
year A g i la mor tu o A tha na g i ld u s q u i d u d u m ty r a n n i d e m
5 52 say :

a ds u mps e r a t Go th o r u m r e x e fli c i tu r Mo mms e n ( I n t r o p X V . . .

be l i e v e s t ha t A t h a n a g i l d
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te 3 1 ) r e v o lt s t a rt e d i n 550 Fo
-
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A t h a na g il d an d Lib e r i u s see Bu r y I 4 1 5 . L i be r i u s t h e P a t ri
cia n : se e P r o c o p iu s be l l . Go th 3 3 9 o n t h e
.
, year 54 9 . C o mp a r e
als o 3, 4 0 an d 4 , 24 .

LI X 3 04 a r é s u mé o f t h e f o l l o wi n g
. Ath al a ri c : s e ct io n s is
g i v e n i n R o ma n o 3 67 o n wa r d .

3 06 Th e o d a h a d : t h e so n o f A ma l a f r i d a ; s e e
. LV I I I 2 99 .

A l s o B u r y I 3 88 o n wa r d H o d g ki n I I I 64 1 o n wa r d , . B ul s i n i an
l a k e : th e l a k e of B o l s e n a , i n Et r ur i a . by hi s h i r e li n g s : s ee th e
c o n t in ua t o r M a rc el l i nu s o n t h e y e a r 5 3 4 : Th e o da h a du s r e x
o f «

Go th or u m A ma la s u e n th a m r eg i na m cr e a tir i ce m s u a m d e r eg n o pu l
s a m i n i n s u l a l a ci B u l s i n i e n s i s o cci di t c u i us mor t e m i mp I n s ti . .

n ia n u s ut d o la i t s i c e t u l tu s es t .

LX 3 07 . t r i um p h ov e r th e V a n da l s : B e l i s a r iu s co n q ue r e d

A f r i c a i n 5 3 4 a n d wa s r e wa r d e d by ama g n ifi c e n t t r i u mp h at

C o n s t a n t i n o p l e i n t h e a u tu m n o f t h e s a me y e a r .

3 08 . S i c il y, t h e i r n u r s in g mo t h e r : g r e at
.
e xp o r t s o f co rn we r e
sent ev e r y y e a r fr o m S i c i l y t o R o me . T r i n a c r i a : th e tr i a n
g u la r la n d ,
th e po eti c na me f o r S i c il y . S i n d e ri t h : th e sur

ren der S y r a c u s e i n 5 3 5 i s r e c o r de d by P r o co p iu s be ll Go th
of . .

1, 5 a n d b y M a r c e l l i n u s but t h e y d o n o t me n t i o n t h e n a me o f
'
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the Go t h i c l e a d e r . E v e r mu d : t h e C o nt i n u a t o r ofM a r-ce l l i nu s

on th e ye ar 536 call s h i m E br e -
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.

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3 09 . R h e g i um : a c ity o f Ca l a br i a o n t h e S t r a i t o f M-e s s i n a ,

w Re g g io E v e r mu d s de f e c t i o n o c c u r r e d i n t h e y e a r 53 6
’
no . .

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t we e n R o me an d T e r r a c i na P r o c o pi u s s a y s o f . th i s re gion

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hi s c o mma n d :
s ee o f M a rc e l l i n u s o u t h e y e a r
th e c o nt i n u a t o r
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ex e r c i t u s Th e o da h a du m r eg e m h a be n s s u s pe c t u m
Vi tig i s i n r eg n u m a ds ci s ci t q u i ma x i n ca mpo B ar ba r i c o r eg n u m .

pe r v a s i t e xpe di ti o n e s o lu ta K o ma m i n g r e di tu r
,
i bi q u e r e s i d e n s
di r i g i t R a v e n n a m Th e o da h a d u m o c ci di t ,
.

31 1 t o o k N a p l e s : B e l i s a r iu s be s i e g e d t h i s c i t y f o r s o me ti me
.

b e fo r e h e fi n a l l y s u c c e e de d i n ta k i n g it . on t o R o me : so the
c it y wa s res tored to th e e mp i r e a ft e r s ix t y years of ba r b a r i a n
r ul e . ma r r i e d M a t h e s u e n t h a : M ar see t he Co n t in u a t o r of

c e l l i n u s o n t h e y e a r 5 3 6 : R a v e n n a mq u e i n gir e s s u s M a t e s u e n t h a m

n e pt e m Th e o d o r i ci s i bi s o ci a m i n r eg n o pl u s vi c o pu la t q u a m a mor e
‘
.

C o mp a r e R o ma n a 3 73 M a t h e s u e nt h a it will b e r e me mbe r e d .
, ,

wa s t h e da u g h t e r o f A ma l a su e n t h a a n d E u th a ri c o f S p ai n
( L V I I I 2 9 8) a n d s i s t e r o f At h a l a r ic ( LI X H u ni l a : s e e
P r o c o p i u s be ll Go th . . I ,
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n p oa a r el qa 6s xe ipa s nk de
P e ru s ia : P e rug ia .

312 . a l on g s ie ge : t his s ie g e [ R o me b e g a n i n t h e s p r i n g
of

of 53 7 ( Ho d g k i n IV C o u n t M ag n u s : a s u bo r di n a t e
c av a l r y o ffi c e r of th e fo r ce u n de r B e l i s a ri u s . H e wa s i n c h arg e
of th e a q u e du c t p a rt y a t the s ie g e of Na p l e s and i n the
f o l l o wi n g y e a r h e wa s s e n -t I n 54 0 i t b e c a me h i s d u t
t o T i bu r . y
to bl o c k a d e R a v e n n a . k
S e e H o d g i n I V 4 5 6, 2 1 9 , 3 2 7; P r o ,
1

o o p iu s be l l Go th
. . 2, 28 . A r i mi n u m : t h e s i e g e o f A r i mi n u m, t h e
mo de r n R i mi n i , o cc u r r e d i n 53 8 Two y e a r s l a t e r V i t i g e s g a ve
.

up th e u n e q ual c o n t e st a n d s u r r e n d e r ed t o B e l i s a r i u s a t Ra

ve n n aS e e H o d g k i n I V 3 3 4 a n d :B u r y I 3 9 3
.
,
on wa r d .

313 t wo th o u s a n d a n d t h i r t i e t h y e ar : fr o m
. 14 90 B C . . t o 54 0
A D S e e ch r o n o l o g i ca l t a bl e , p 3 8
. . . .

Ge rma n u s : t h e s o n J u st i n ia n s br o t h e r fr a tr i i n t h e
’
314 . f
ou .

t e xt i s ev i d e n t l y a mi s t a k e of t h e c o p yi s t for fr a tr u e li ( c o mp a r e
’
I 88 J ORDA N E s : O R I G I N A N D D E E Ds OF T H E G OT H S

XI V 81 X LV I I I
an d Th e d e a t h of M a t h e s u e nt h a s fi r s t ’

h u s ba n d V i t i g e s t o o k p l a c e i n 54 2 ,
and her ma r r i a g e t o Ge r ma n n s
f o l l o we d soon a ft e r . a s on ( al s o c al l e d Ge r ma n u s ) : Ge r
'

ma n u s th e Y o u n g e r b e ca me a g r e at n o bl e of C o n s t a n t i n op l e
bu t d i d not r e a l iz e H i s d a ug h t e r ma r
th e h o p e s O‘f J o r da n e s .

r i ed T h e o d o s i u s th e s o n o f E mp e r o r M a u r i c e ( 5 82 On
'

h i s d e a t h t h e i mp e r i a l p o we r wa s o f f e r e d t o Ge r ma n u s b u t h e
-

d e c li n e d i t . Later he ma d e t wo at t e mp t s t o g a i n t h e p o s it i on
h e had r e f u s ed ; as a re s u l t o f th e fi r s t h e wa s f o r c e d t o b e c o me
a p rie s t an d r e n ou n c e his O ffi c i a l p os i t i o n , an d in co n s e q u e n ce

of t h e s e co n d ( 605 ) h e and h i s d au g h t e r we r e p u t t o dea t h on

an i s la n d i n t h e S e a o f M a r mio r a . ma l l i n e fi n a l l
T h u s t h e A- y
ca me t o a n e n d ( H o d g k i n I V A n i c ii : a v e r y a n c i e n t
R o ma n f a mi l y o f d i s t i n c t i o n b o t h i n c l a s s i c a l a n d Ch r i s t i a n
,

t i me s . C a s s i o d o r u s s p e a k s o f t h i s f a mi l y ( va r 1 0 1 1 ) i n t he .
,

f o l l o wi n g t e r ms : A n i ci o s po e n e pr i n ci pi bu s Pa r es a e ta s pr i s c a pr o
g en ui t I t i s n ot k n o wn wh e t h e r t h i s f a mi l y r e a l l y h a d a n
. .

a n c e st r a l r e l a t i on to the ho u s e of J u s ti n ia n . P o s s i bl y th e
mo t h e r o f Ge rm a n u s w as a d e s c e n da n t o f t e A i cn
h n
-
.