Biotemas, 27 (3): 1-11, setembro de 2014 1

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2014v27n3p1
ISSNe 2175-7925 Revisão

$ERUGDJHPHFR¿VLROyJLFDGRVPDQJXH]DLVXPDUHYLVmR

Sávia Soares Pascoalini 1

Dielle Meire de Santana Lopes 2
Antelmo Ralph Falqueto 2
Mônica Maria Pereira Tognella 2*
1
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória – ES, Brasil
2
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo
Rodovia BR 101 Norte, Km 60, CEP 29932-540, São Mateus – ES, Brasil
* Autor para correspondência
monica.tognella@gmail.com

Submetido em 30/11/2013
Aceito para publicação em 26/05/2014

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O manguezal apresenta elevada produtividade primária que é, em parte, resultado dos mecanismos
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GHQXWULHQWHVLQGX]DGLPLQXLomRGDDVVLPLODomRIRWRVVLQWpWLFDUHVXOWDQGRQDUHGXomRGRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGDV
espécies. A resposta de determinada espécie ao estresse depende de sua tolerância. Conclui-se que os estudos
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Key words:)ORRGLQJ1XWULHQWV3KRWRV\QWKHVLV6DOLQLW\

Revista Biotemas, 27 (3), setembro de 2014

2 S. S. Pascoalini et al.

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$SUHVHQWHUHYLVmRIRLUHDOL]DGDFRPRLQWXLWRGH As espécies de mangue são consideradas plantas

DYDOLDU R HVWDGR GD DUWH GRV HVWXGRV HFR¿VLROyJLFRV
para os manguezais mundiais. Para isto, realizamos
OHYDQWDPHQWR ELEOLRJUi¿FR QRV SULQFLSDLV SHULyGLFRV
RQGHVmRSXEOLFDGRVWHPDVUHODFLRQDGRVjHFRORJLDGHVWH
HFRVVLVWHPDEHPFRPRHPUHYLVWDVHVSHFLDOL]DGDVQD
¿VLRORJLDYHJHWDO$OpPGLVVROLWHUDWXUDFOiVVLFDVREUH
C3, pois não apresentam anatomia de plantas C4, sua
FRPSRVLomRLVRWySLFDį13C) varia entre 24,6 e 32,2 %o,
VHXSRQWRGHFRPSHQVDomRGR&22HVXDWD[DPi[LPD
GH IRWRVVtQWHVH HP WHPSHUDWXUD DEDL[R GH ƒ& VmR
características consideradas típicas de plantas C3 (BALL;
)$548+$5 D E %$//  3$5,'$
R WHPD H SXEOLFDGD HP OLYURV HVSHFLDOL]DGRV VREUH R HWDO2VHVWXGRVSLRQHLURVGH%DOOH)DUTXKDU
PDQJXH]DOWDPEpPVXEVLGLDPQRVVDVtQWHVH D E GHPRQVWUDP TXH DSHVDU GR GHFOtQLR
QDDVVLPLODomRFRPDXPHQWRGDVDOLQLGDGHGHSDUD
Os manguezais despertam interesse de especialistas
Q0GH1D&OQmRRFRUUHPGLIHUHQoDVQRSRQWRGH
QD iUHD GH HFR¿VLRORJLD YHJHWDO SHOD SDUWLFXODULGDGH
FRPSHQVDomRGR&22 característicos das C3.
GH VXD YHJHWDomR (VWDV GH DFRUGR FRP 7RPOLQVRQ
 HQIUHQWDP FRQGLo}HV GH HOHYDGD VDOLQLGDGH H $ IRWRVVtQWHVH p R UHVXOWDGR FRQMXQWR GH WUrV
WHPSHUDWXUD DPSOD YDULDomR GD PDUp VXEPHWHQGR SURFHVVRV R SURFHVVR IRWRTXtPLFR RQGH RFRUUH D
DV j LQXQGDomR GH¿FLrQFLD GH QXWULHQWHV VHGLPHQWR DEVRUomRGHIyWRQVHSURGXomRGHFRPSRVWRVUHGX]LGRV
LQFRQVROLGDGRHQWUHRXWURVIDWRUHVItVLFRTXtPLFRV(VWH $73H1$'3+QHFHVViULRVDRSURFHVVRELRTXtPLFR
DPELHQWHFRPFRQGLo}HVDGYHUVDVGDTXHODVHQIUHQWDGDV TXH SRU VXD YH] p UHVSRQViYHO SHOD DVVLPLODomR
SHODV GHPDLV SODQWDV WHUUHVWUHV )$516:257+ IRWRVVLQWpWLFD GR FDUERQR H WDPEpP SHORV SURFHVVRV
 Vy IRL SRVVtYHO GH VHU FRORQL]DGR GHYLGR DRV de trocas gasosas. Estas tratam da entrada de CO2 para
GLIHUHQWHV PHFDQLVPRV PRUIROyJLFRV DQDW{PLFRV RLQWHULRUGDSODQWDHRHÀX[RGH22SDUDDDWPRVIHUD
¿VLROyJLFRVHELRTXtPLFRVDSUHVHQWDGRVSHODVHVSpFLHV DWUDYpV GRV HVW{PDWRV 62%5$'2  1$,'22
YHJHWDLV RV TXDLV LQWHJUDGRV FRQWULEXHP SDUD VXD
elevada produtividade (POOP et al., 1985; BALL, 1988;
NAIDOO et al., 2002; 2011; PARIDA et al., 2004;
BARR et al., 2009).
$OWHUDo}HVQDWHPSHUDWXUDHPIXQomRGDVPXGDQoDV
FOLPiWLFDVSRGHPRFDVLRQDUPRGL¿FDo}HVQDViUHDVGH
HWDO$OpPGDSDUWHELRTXtPLFDDDVVLPLODomR
IRWRVVLQWpWLFDHVWiVXMHLWDjLQWHUIHUrQFLDGDVFRQGLo}HV
DELyWLFDVDVTXDLVDVHVSpFLHVYHJHWDLVHVWmRVXEPHWLGDV
HTXHSRGHPUHVXOWDUHPOLPLWDomRGDSURGXomRSULPiULD
(BALL, 1988; NAIDOO et al., 2002).
$RHVWXGDUDH¿FLrQFLDIRWRTXtPLFDGHPDQJXH]DLV
GLVWULEXLomR H QD GLYHUVLGDGH DWXDO GRV PDQJXH]DLV
(VWXGRV UHODFLRQDGRV j REWHQomR GH GDGRV in situ de
IRWRVVtQWHVHGLiULDHVD]RQDOVmRHVFDVVRVHUHVWULWRVD
SRXFDVHVSpFLHVRTXHGL¿FXOWDSUHYLV}HVIXWXUDVVREUH
RFRPSRUWDPHQWRGDVHVSpFLHVSHUDQWHDVPRGL¿FDo}HV
1DLGRR HW DO  REVHUYDUDP TXH HVSpFLHV PDLV
WROHUDQWHV j VDOLQLGDGH LQFUHPHQWDP VXD HILFLrQFLD
IRWRTXtPLFD FRP R DXPHQWR GD VDOLQLGDGH XPD YH]
TXH SURPRYHP PDLRU DVVLPLODomR GH &22 quando
FRPSDUDGDV FRP DV HVSpFLHV QmR WROHUDQWHV 6REUDGR
climáticas. WDPEpPYHUL¿FRXRPHVPRFRPSRUWDPHQWRSDUD
Avicennia germinans (L.) L., Laguncularia racemosa
3RUWDQWRHVWHVPHFDQLVPRV¿VLROyJLFRVHPSUHJDGRV
(L.) Gaertn. e Rhizophora mangle L., sendo que as
SRUHVVDVHVSpFLHVYHJHWDLVVmRRIRFRGHVWDUHYLVmRQD
SULPHLUDVREWLYHUDPPDLRUDVVLPLODomRGHFDUERQRGR
TXDODERUGDUHPRVDQiOLVHVGRVSURFHVVRVGHIRWRVVtQWHVH
que R. mangle menos tolerante ao sal. O autor relaciona
HPFRQGLo}HVGHEDL[DHHOHYDGDVDOLQLGDGHLQXQGDomRH
RPDLRUGHVHPSHQKRIRWRVVLQWpWLFRUHDOL]DGRSRUDTXHODV
GH¿FLrQFLDGHQXWULHQWHV2REMHWLYRpDYDOLDURVHVWXGRV
HVSpFLHVDRPHOKRUXVRGHiJXDHPQtYHOIROLDUDSHVDU
HFR¿VLROyJLFRVGRVPDQJXH]DLVHLGHQWL¿FDUFDUrQFLDV
de apresentarem menor transporte de água.
TXHSHUPLWDPDPSOLDURFRQKHFLPHQWRFLHQWt¿FRGHVWH
HFRVVLVWHPD QR %UDVLO H VXDV SRWHQFLDLV FRQWULEXLo}HV
SDUDDVPXGDQoDVFOLPiWLFDV

Revista Biotemas, 27 (3), setembro de 2014

 $ERUGDJHPHFR¿VLROyJLFDGRVPDQJXH]DLVXPDUHYLVmR 3

6DOLQLGDGHVHXVHIHLWRVVREUHDSODQWD Normalmente, manguezais diminuem o potencial

KtGULFR GRV VHXV WHFLGRV FRP UHODomR DR VHGLPHQWR
$VDOLQLGDGHQRDPELHQWHPDULQKRHQRPDQJXH]DO SHUPLWLQGRFRPLVWRDDEVRUomRGHiJXD720/,1621
deve-se, principalmente, ao cloreto de sódio (NaCl) VHQGRHVWHRSULPHLURGRVPHFDQLVPRVGHDMXVWHDR
dissolvido na água, correspondente a 86% do total. A H[FHVVRGHVDLV¬PHGLGDTXHDVDOLQLGDGHGRVXEVWUDWR
FRQFHQWUDomR PpGLD GHVVHV VDLV QD iJXD GR PDU p GH DXPHQWDRFRUUHHIHLWRVLPLODUQDVFRQFHQWUDo}HVGH1D+
JNJFRUUHVSRQGHQGRDPM de Na+ e 558 mM e Cl-(VWHIDWRQmRpDFRPSDQKDGRSHODHQWUDGDGHtRQV
de Cl-/,%(6eFRQVLGHUDGRRSULQFLSDOIDWRU K+SDUDHVSpFLHVPHQRVWROHUDQWHVjVDOLQLGDGH(VWXGRV
DELyWLFRDRTXDODVHVSpFLHVGRPDQJXH]DOHVWmRVXMHLWDV YHUL¿FDUDP DXPHQWR QD UD]mR 1D+/K+ para Bruguiera
3$5,'$-+$'HVVDIRUPDGLYHUVRVHVWXGRV gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. crescendo em 35 de salinidade.
HP ODERUDWyULR IRUDP GHVHQYROYLGRV SDUD DYDOLDU D Entretanto, Avicennia marina mantém menor potencial
FDSDFLGDGHGHFUHVFLPHQWRHRXDJHUPLQDomRGRPDQJXH KtGULFRSRUDEVRUYHUVHOHWLYDPHQWHR.+ (NAIDOO et al.,
FRPUHODomRjVDOLQLGDGH ,VWRUHVXOWDHPGLYHUVLGDGHHVWUXWXUDOHIXQFLRQDO
Estas espécies apresentam comportamento distinto OHYDQGR HP DOJXPDV VLWXDo}HV DR HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR GH
HP UHODomR j VDOLQLGDGH 3RU H[HPSOR Bruguiera zonas como proposto por Davis Jr. (1940).
parviflora 5R[E :W  $UQ H[ *ULII tem seu 2 DF~PXOR GH tRQV OHYD j FRQVHTXrQFLDV FRPR
Pi[LPR FUHVFLPHQWR HP VDOLQLGDGH HP WRUQR GH  D GHVHVWDELOL]DomR GDV PHPEUDQDV FHOXODUHV DOpP GH
(PARIDA et al., 2004). Rhizophora mucronata Lam. LQGX]LUHP HVWUHVVH R[LGDWLYR SRU PHLR GD IRUPDomR
WHYHGHVHQYROYLPHQWRPi[LPRHPVDOLQLGDGHVYDULDQGR GH HVSpFLHV UHDWLYDV GH R[LJrQLR 35,6&2 *20(6
GHD+233(63((5HWDOHPODERUDWyULR ),/+2  ([SHULPHQWRV UHDOL]DGRV SRU 3DULGD
Avicennia marina )RUVN 9LHUK FRQVLGHUDGD PDLV et al. (2003), com plântulas de Bruguiera parviÀora
WROHUDQWHjVDOLQLGDGHDSUHVHQWDFUHVFLPHQWRyWLPRHP HP GLIHUHQWHV VDOLQLGDGHV DSRQWDUDP TXH HP  GH
VDOLQLGDGH GH  &/28*+  63$/',1* HW DO VDOLQLGDGH Ki SHUGD SDUFLDO GR HPSLOKDPHQWR JUDQDO
2010). GR FLWRFURPR %I H GLVVRFLDomR GH SROLSHSWtGLRV
Em geral, o mangue tem seu desenvolvimento
yWLPRHPEDL[DVDOLQLGDGH&RQWXGRDOJXPDVHVSpFLHV
toleram salinidade mais elevada do que outras (BALL,
1988). Espécies do gênero Rhizophora são mais
sensíveis ao aumento de salinidade do que aquelas do
OLJDGRVLQWULQVHFDPHQWHDRIRWRVVLVWHPD,,)6,,(VVDV
GLVIXQo}HVDIHWDPGLUHWDPHQWHDDTXLVLomRGHFDUERQR
H LQGLUHWDPHQWH R LQFUHPHQWR HP ELRPDVVD$OpP
GLVVR KLSHUVDOLQLGDGH SRGH FDXVDU GHVLQWHJUDomR GH
FORURSODVWRVHGHPLWRF{QGULDVFRPRREVHUYDGRHPA.
gênero Avicennia &/28*+$VGLIHUHQoDVHVWmR marinaVXEPHWLGDDGHVDOLQLGDGH1$,'22HWDO
presentes dentro dos gêneros. Rhizophora apiculata 2011).
Blume é mais sensível do que Rhizophora stylosa*ULII $OpPGHVWHVHIHLWRVRH[FHVVRGHVDOSRGHDOWHUDU
%$//HWDO D FRQFHQWUDomR GH FORURILOD R TXH SRGH UHGX]LU D
É notório que as espécies de manguezal são FDSDFLGDGH IRWRVVLQWpWLFD 1$,'22 HW DO 
FODVVL¿FDGDVFRPRYHJHWDomRKDOy¿WD720/,1621 1R HQWDQWR 6REUDGR  REVHUYRX DXPHQWR QD
 3$5,'$ -+$  SRLV FUHVFHP H VH FRQFHQWUDomR GH FORURILOD a e b em Laguncularia
UHSURGX]HP QD SUHVHQoD GH VDO $OJXQV DXWRUHV racemosa,RTXHLQGLFDWROHUkQFLDjVFRQGLo}HVLPSRVWDV
DV FODVVLILFDP FRPR KDOyILWDV IDFXOWDWLYDV SRLV SHODFRQFHQWUDomRGHVDLVTXHQRH[SHULPHQWRQmRIRUDP
VHX FUHVFLPHQWR yWLPR RFRUUH HP EDL[D VDOLQLGDGH superiores a 30. Normalmente, o aumento da salinidade
720/,16213$5,'$-+$6XVWHQWD YHP DFRPSDQKDGR SHOD UHGXomR QD FRQFHQWUDomR GH
VHHVWDKLSyWHVHSRUTXHRDXPHQWRGDVDOLQLGDGHFDXVD FORUR¿ODGHYLGRjIRWRLQLELomRFU{QLFDSRLVRWHRUVDOLQR
GHVHTXLOtEULRVSHORH[FHVVRGHtRQV1D+ e Cl- em diversos é superior ao tolerado para a espécie estudada, como
yUJmRVYHJHWDLV$VUHVSRVWDVDRVGLVW~UELRVYDULDPGH YLVWR QRV WUDEDOKRV GH 6REUDGR  1DLGRR HW DO
espécie para espécie dependendo da tolerância. (2002; 2011) e Parida et al. (2003).

Revista Biotemas, 27 (3), setembro de 2014

4 S. S. Pascoalini et al.

7RGRV HVWHV IDWRUHV DVVRFLDGRV j GHVDWLYDomR GR
)6,, OHYDP j GLPLQXLomR GD DWLYLGDGH IRWRTXtPLFD
$ UHGXomR GD HILFLrQFLD IRWRTXtPLFD ) v/F m) com
LQFUHPHQWRHPVDOLQLGDGHpREVHUYDGDSRUYiULRVDXWRUHV
para A. marina, B.parviÀora e R. mucronata (PARIDA
HWDO+233(63((5HWDO1$,'22HW
Entretanto, apesar dessas estratégias, para
compensar a elevada osmolaridade de sal no solo, um
GRVPHFDQLVPRVELRTXtPLFRVHPSUHJDGRVpRDF~PXOR
de solutos compatíveis, a partir do aumento de moléculas
SHTXHQDVGHRVPyOLWRVFRPRDJOLFLQDEHWDtQDRXiOFRRLV
GHDo~FDU3233HWDO6$.$0272085$7$
DO2HVWUHVVHVDOLQRSURYRFDWDPEpPUHGXomR 2000) que ampliam o potencial osmótico sem alterar o
GDFRQGXWkQFLDHVWRPiWLFDHGDFRQGXomRQRPHVR¿OR L{QLFR5HGXo}HVQRVSRWHQFLDLVRVPyWLFRVDWUDHPiJXD
OLPLWDQGR D IRWRVVtQWHVH SRU EDL[D GLIXVmR GR &22 para dentro da célula e permitem manter o potencial
(PARIDA et al., 2004), além de diminuir condutividade GHSUHVVmR02*+$,(%HWDOQHFHVViULRSDUD
KLGUiXOLFD SURYRFDQGR R IHFKDPHQWR GRV HVW{PDWRV REWHUiJXD
(SOBRADO, 2001).
$PHOKRUH¿FLrQFLDGRXVRGDiJXDDVVRFLDGDDRV
FXVWRV HQHUJpWLFRV GH H[FUHWDU HRX H[FOXLU RV VDLV p
(VWUDWpJLDV GH DEVRUomR GH iJXD HP j FXVWDGH WD[DVUHGX]LGDVGH DVVLPLODomRGH FDUERQR
FRQGLo}HVVDOLQDV (BALL, 1988). Quanto maior o teor de sal no local
PHQRUVHUiDSURGXWLYLGDGHHLVWRLUiUHÀHWLUQDHVWUXWXUD
0HVPR FUHVFHQGR HP XP DPELHQWH LQXQGDGR D GRERVTXH
VDOLQLGDGH HOHYDGD GL¿FXOWD D DEVRUomR GH iJXD SHODV
SODQWDV3$/,<$987+HWDO$VVLPDVHVSpFLHV Durante os períodos de elevada demanda
GH PDQJXH WrP PHFDQLVPRV SDUD DEVRUYHU D iJXD HYDSRUDWLYD SODQWDV TXH H[FOXHP VDO SUHFLVDP
FRQWUD IRUWHV SRWHQFLDLV RVPyWLFRV 720/,1621 economizar água por causa da capacidade limitada para
 &UHVFHU HP XP PHLR VDOLQR FULD EDVLFDPHQWH H[WUDtODGRVVRORVVDOLQRV%$55HWDO6PLWKHW
GRLVSUREOHPDVSDUDDSODQWDDUHJXODomRRVPyWLFD DOPRVWUDUDPTXHDUD]mRSDUDDUHGXomRGDWD[D
HDWR[LGDGHGHVWHVtRQV$VVLPDVSODQWDVWrPGH GHDVVLPLODomRGHFDUERQRGRPDQJXHQD9HQH]XHODIRL
DEVRUYHURVtRQVLQRUJkQLFRVSDUDQHXWUDOL]DURJUDGLHQWH HPSDUWHGHYLGRjVDOLQLGDGHHOHYDGDRTXHFDXVRXPDLRU
RVPyWLFR 7RGDYLD R H[FHVVR GHVWHV QR LQWHULRU GD SRWHQFLDORVPyWLFRQR[LOHPDHUHGXomRGDFRQGXWkQFLD
FpOXODWRUQDVHWy[LFRHWHPHIHLWRVQHJDWLYRVVREUHD HVWRPiWLFD(PDPELHQWHVKLSHUVDOLQRVRVPDQJXH]DLV
UHSURGXomRRFUHVFLPHQWRHVREUHYLYrQFLDGDVSODQWDV DSUHVHQWDPGLPLQXWDVWD[DVGHDVVLPLODomRGHFDUERQR
0(+/,* HFRQGXWkQFLDHVWRPiWLFDRULJLQDQGRERVTXHVGHVFULWRV
FRPRDQ}HV/8*261('$.(5
3DUD PDQWHU D DEVRUomR GH iJXD DV SODQWDV GH
mangue não apenas precisam restringir a perda de água 2XWUR SUREOHPD HQIUHQWDGR SHORV PDQJXH]DLV
SRU PHLR GH DGDSWDo}HV PRUIROyJLFDV H ¿VLROyJLFDV GHYLGRjVDOLQLGDGHHDHOHYDGDGHPDQGDHYDSRUDWLYD
HVSHVVDPHQWR IROLDU DXPHQWR GR WHPSR GH UHWHQomR pVXDYXOQHUDELOLGDGHjHPEROLDRXFDYLWDomRTXHSRGH
GRQLWURJrQLRHH¿FLrQFLDQRXVRGDiJXDPDVWDPEpP REVWUXLUDFRQGXWkQFLDKLGUiXOLFD(VVDYXOQHUDELOLGDGH
PDQWHU RV SRWHQFLDLV GH iJXD VX¿FLHQWHPHQWH EDL[RV pSULQFLSDOPHQWHSUHVHQWHHPDPELHQWHVKLSHUVDOLQRV
(LOVELOCK; FELLER, 2003; KRAUSS et al., 2008) SRLV DSUHVHQWDP GLILFXOGDGH HP DEVRUomR GH iJXD
QR LQWHULRU GDV IROKDV (VWHV DVSHFWRV ID]HP FRP TXH /29(//2&.HWDODE0$57,1HWDO
DH¿FLrQFLDGHXVRGDiJXDHPDOJXPDVGDVHVSpFLHV  (VWXGRV GH 6REUDGR  FRP Avicennia
GH PDQJXH VHMD FRQVLGHUDGD XPD GDV PDLV DOWDV GH germinans, demonstram que as espécies com maior
todas as plantas C3 (BALL, 1986), uma vez que estas H¿FLrQFLD QR XVR GD iJXD SRVVXHP HVWD FDSDFLGDGH
QRUPDOPHQWHDSUHVHQWDPEDL[DVWD[DVGHWUDQVSLUDomRH GHYLGRjUHGXomRQDFRQGXomRGHVHLYDQRFDXOH(VWD
FRQGXWkQFLDHVWRPiWLFD%$//)$548+$5D estratégia é possível porque as espécies reduzem a
E %$//  /29(/2&. %$//  FRQGXWkQFLDHVWRPiWLFDDSRQWRGHLPSHGLUDHPEROLD
SOBRADO, 2005). QDVFpOXODVGR[LOHPD

Revista Biotemas, 27 (3), setembro de 2014

 $ERUGDJHPHFR¿VLROyJLFDGRVPDQJXH]DLVXPDUHYLVmR 5

7RPOLQVRQDRGHVFUHYHURWHFLGR[LOHPiWLFR glândulas são reduzidas dentro da gama de espécies de

GRPDQJXHMiDVVRFLDFRPRPHFDQLVPRVSDUDHYLWDUD mangue.
HPEROLD D GLPLQXLomR QR GLkPHWUR FHOXODU +DR HW DO
(P UHODomR j FRPSDUWLPHQWDomR GRV VDLV HVWH
 FRPSDUDQGR D SUHVVmR RVPyWLFD QR VROR VRE
GLIHUHQWHVVDOLQLGDGHVHPSHUtRGRVGLXUQRVHQRWXUQRV
para Rhizophora mangleLGHQWL¿FDPTXHDUHGLVWULEXLomR
GDVHLYDEUXWDRXUHYHUVmRGDFRQGXomRRFRUUHSDUDHYLWDU
DHPEROLDDOpPGHDPHQL]DUDVDOLQLGDGHQRVHGLPHQWR
HPVLWXDo}HVGHEDL[DIUHTXrQFLDGHLQXQGDomR
0HFDQLVPRVGHWROHUkQFLDjVDOLQLGDGH
$VHVWUDWpJLDVSDUDGHWHUPLQDUEDL[DVWD[DVGHSHUGD
GH iJXD IROLDU WDPEpP OLPLWDP R JDQKR GH FDUERQR
ID]HQGRFRPTXHHVSpFLHVTXHWrPDPSODWROHUkQFLDDR
IHQ{PHQRpGHVFULWRVHQGRFRPXPHQWUHDVHVSpFLHVGH
PDQJXHMiTXHYiULDVDSUHVHQWDPPDLRUFRQWH~GRGH
VDLVQDVIROKDVVHQHVFHQWHVTXDQGRFRPSDUDGDVjVQRYDV
(POPP et al., 1993). Além disso, estudos realizados pelos
autores revelaram que com o aumento da salinidade
RFRUUHDFUpVFLPRGHPHWDEyOLWRVVHFXQGiULRVFRPRR
manitol, no citoplasma, concomitante ao incremento de
sódio e cloro nos vacúolos.
Os gêneros Aegiceras, Avicennia, Acanthus e
Aegialitis WrP HVWUXWXUDV JODQGXODUHV GH H[FUHomR GR
sal enquanto Laguncularia e Conocarpus têm estrutura
VDOFUHVoDPPDLVOHQWDPHQWHFRPDXPHQWRGDVDOLQLGDGH
do que aquelas menos tolerantes (BALL, 1986; 1988).
De acordo com suas características, as espécies de
PDQJXHSRGHPVHUFODVVL¿FDGDVHPVHFUHWRUDVGHVDO±
aquelas que têm glândulas de sal ou pelos para remover o
DQiORJD jV JOkQGXODV GH VDO 720/,1621 
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza e Rhizophora mucronata
WDPEpPH[FOXHPVDOQRHQWDQWRQXPSURFHVVRGH¿QLGR
FRPRUHDORFDomRGRVVDLVSDUDSDUWHVVHQHVFHQWHVRQGH
RVDOpDFXPXODGRQDVIROKDVPDLVPDGXUDVDVTXDLVVmR
HOLPLQDGDV SDUD H[FOXLU R H[FHVVR 67(,1.( 
sal – e não secretoras – que não apresentam mecanismos
'LIHUHQWHV HVSpFLHV WrP GLVWLQWDV IDL[DV GH WROHUkQFLD
SDUDDH[FUHomRGRVDO6&+2/$1'(5 HWDO
ao sal (SUAREZ; MEDINA, 2005) correlacionadas a
720/,1621  /DUFKHU  GHVFUHYH DV
VXDFDSDFLGDGHGHH[FUHomRHRXHOLPLQDomRGRVVDLV
KDOy¿WDVFRPRSODQWDVTXHWROHUDPRXTXHUHVLVWHPDR
$TXHODV TXH H[FUHWDP RV VDLV GLDULDPHQWH SRVVXHP
sal. Aquelas que resistem ao sal apresentam mecanismos
FDSDFLGDGH GH FRORQL]DU DPELHQWHV FRP VDOLQLGDGHV
¿VLROyJLFRVTXHVmRHYLWDUDHQWUDGDGLOXLUHHOLPLQDUR
mais elevadas, ao contrário daquelas que armazenam
VDO$VFODVVL¿FDGDVFRPRWROHUDQWHVVHULDPDTXHODVTXH
RV VDLV SRU SHUtRGRV PDLRUHV SRU FRPSDUWLPHQWDomR
WROHUDPRVDOQRFLWRSODVPD'HDFRUGRFRP6DOLVEXU\
RX UHDORFDomR Vy HOLPLQDQGRRV FRP PRUWH GH VXDV
H5RVVHVWDVVHULDPDVKDOy¿WDVYHUGDGHLUDVRX
estruturas vegetais.
HXKDOy¿WDV6RPHQWHDVWROHUDQWHVVHULDPFDSD]HVGH
WROHUDURVHIHLWRVWy[LFRVGRFORURHVyGLRQRFLWRSODVPD AvicenniaVmRFRQKHFLGDVSRUH[FOXtUHPFHUFDGH
/$5&+(56$/,6%85<5266 GHVDODEVRUYLGRVDSDUWLUGDVXSHUItFLHGDUDL]TXH
SRGHDXPHQWDUjPHGLGDTXHDFRQFHQWUDomRGHVDOGD
Popp et al. (1993), revisando os conceitos propostos
iJXDVHDPSOLD%5$1&+%5$1&+$H[FOXVmR
SRU 6FKRODQGHU  H D FODVVL¿FDomR GH /DUFKHU
GHVDOpREWLGDFULDQGRVHSUHVVmRKLGURVWiWLFDQHJDWLYD
DYDOLDPDFDSDFLGDGHGDYHJHWDomRGHPDQJXH
QDFpOXODTXHIRUQHFHSUHVVmRRVPyWLFDVX¿FLHQWHPHQWH
como capaz de evitar a entrada de sais via raiz e as
QHJDWLYDSDUDDVUDt]HVSDUDDEVRUomRGHiJXDHQTXDQWR
HVWUDWpJLDVGHH[WUXVmRHRXFRPSDUWLPHQWDomRGRVVDLV
WRGRV RV RXWURV tRQV VmR H[FOXtGRV 0221 HW DO
&RQFOXHPTXHRVHQWHQGLPHQWRVVREUHRVSURFHVVRVGH
1986). Estes autores avaliaram que, além do processo
H[FOXVmRGRVyGLRHFORURDQWHVGRLQJUHVVRQR[LOHPD
GHXOWUD¿OWUDomRDH[WUXVmRGRVDOYLDVLVWHPDGHUDt]HV
QmR VmR WRWDOPHQWH HQWHQGLGRV KDYHQGR HVSpFLHV TXH
para as espécies de Avicennia é controlada por aspectos
QmRGHPRQVWUDPGLIHUHQoDVHQWUHDVSUHVV}HVRVPyWLFDV
DQDW{PLFRV TXH LQYLDELOL]DP R WUDQVSRUWH DSRSOiVWLFR
GRVHGLPHQWRGDVUDt]HVGRVFDXOHVHGDVIROKDVFRPR
GDiJXDDWpR[LOHPD(VWHWUDQVSRUWHpLPSHGLGRSHOD
D¿UPDGRSRU6FKRODQGHU3RURXWURODGRD¿UPDP
VXEHUL]DomR GDV FpOXODV GR FyUWH[ GD UDL] H WDPEpP
TXH DV HVSpFLHV TXH SURPRYHP D H[WUXVmR GR VDO YLD
SHODEDQGDGH&DVSDU\GDHQGRGHUPH6XDUH]H0HGLQD

Revista Biotemas, 27 (3), setembro de 2014

6 S. S. Pascoalini et al.

(2005) mostraram que plântulas de A. geminansIRUDP ,QXQGDomRHDODJDPHQWR

VLJQL¿FDWLYDPHQWH DIHWDGDV SHOD VDOLQLGDGH H WLYHUDP
WROHUkQFLD DR VDO HOHYDGD HP FRPSDUDomR FRP RXWUDV $VÀRUHVWDVGHPDQJXH]DOVmRUHJXODUPHQWHODYDGDV
HVSpFLHV VHPHOKDQWHV FRPR Aegiceras corniculatum SHODVPDUpV$FLUFXODomRGDiJXDHOLPLQDVXEVWkQFLDV
(L.) Blanco e Avicennia marina. Wy[LFDVSDUDDYHJHWDomRFRPRRVXOIHWRGHKLGURJrQLR
+26HR[LJHQDPRVHGLPHQWR.1,*+7HWDO
Estudo com Bruguiera gymnorhiza indicou que 2VSDGU}HVGHLQXQGDomRGDVÀRUHVWDVVmRGLIHUHQFLDGRV
iUHDPDVVDIROLDUSRUSODQWDHORQJHYLGDGHDXPHQWDUDP HUHÀHWHPQDHVWUXWXUDGDPHVPD2VERVTXHVGHIUDQMD
FRPRLQFUHPHQWRGDVDOLQLGDGH:$1*/,1 são constantemente inundados pelo movimento da
$ VXFXOrQFLD IROLDU SRGH VHU XP PHFDQLVPR SDUD PDUp YHQWLODQGR H UHPRYHQGR RV FRPSRVWRV Wy[LFRV
HYLWDU FRQFHQWUDo}HV GH VDO H[FHVVLYDPHQWH HOHYDGDV H RV ERVTXHV GH EDFLD VmR JHUDOPHQWH LQXQGDGRV QDV
+$*(0(<(5  XPD YH] TXH R DXPHQWR GR PDUpVPDLVDOWDV6&+$())(5129(//,HWDO
YROXPHGRYDF~RORSHUPLWHDGLOXLomRGRVtRQVVRO~YHLV .1,*+7 HW DO  ¿FDQGR PDWpULD RUJkQLFD HP
5HGXomRGRFUHVFLPHQWRPHQRUDOWXUDGLPLQXLomR GHFRPSRVLomRSRUSHUtRGRPDLRUFDXVDQGRHPDOJXPDV
GDELRPDVVDHSURGXomRGHIROKDSRGHVHULQWHUSUHWDGD VLWXDo}HVFRQGLo}HVGHDQR[LDSDUDDVUDt]HV
como resultado do investimento em mecanismos de (PFRQGLo}HVGHDODJDPHQWRRPDQJXHGHYHOLGDU
tolerância e/ou resistência ao sal (SNEDAKER, 1982; FRPSDUFLDORXFRPSOHWDDXVrQFLDGHR[LJrQLRGLVVROYLGR
68$5(= 0(',1$  Mi TXH D PDQXWHQomR GH SDUDUHVSLUDomRGDVUDt]HV0&.((6.(/721
tais estratégias reduz a produtividade primária líquida. $//$:$<(VVDVHVSpFLHVTXHFDUDFWHUL]DPD
6HJXQGR .DWKLUHVDQ H 7KDQJDP  DV YHJHWDomR GH PDQJXH GLIHUHP HP VXD FDSDFLGDGH GH
ÀXWXDo}HV QD VDOLQLGDGH GHQWUR GR DPELHQWH SDUHFHP PDQWHURWHFLGRGDUDL]DHUDGRDIHWDQGRD¿VLRORJLDH
WHUHIHLWRVPDLVSURQXQFLDGRVGRTXHDKLSHUVDOLQLGDGH
FRQWtQXD XPD YH] TXH DV SODQWDV DGXOWDV WrP IDL[D
VXSHULRU GH WROHUkQFLD HP UHODomR jV SOkQWXODV ,VVR
DFRQWHFHSRUTXHDVSODQWDVPDLVMRYHQVVmRJHUDOPHQWH
PDLV VHQVtYHLV DR VDO FUHVFHQGR PHOKRU HP ORFDLV
onde as salinidades são menores e, porteriormente,
PRUIRORJLDGDVUDt]HV0&.(($KLSR[LDFDXVD
GLPLQXLomRQDWD[DGHH[WHQVmRGDUDL]HPAvicennia
germinans e Laguncularia racemosa, mas não em
Rhizophora mangle$OpPGLVVRDKLSR[LDpUHVSRQViYHO
pela morte de raízes de L. racemosa HSHODGLPLQXLomRQR
número de raízes laterais nas três espécies neotropicais
WRUQDPVH PDLV WROHUDQWH 6&+0,7= HW DO 
(QWUHWDQWRXPDYH]RERVTXHHVWDEHOHFLGRPRGL¿FDo}HV
na salinidade podem levar ao colapso do indivíduo
adulto por menor plasticidade que as plântulas, como
REVHUYDGR HP VLWXDo}HV RQGH KRXYH DOWHUDo}HV QD
FLWDGDVDFLPDHWDPEpPSHORDXPHQWRGDSDUWHDpUHD
em A. germinans e L. racemosa (MCKEE, 1996).
Bruguiera mucronata apresentou similar tendência, com
PDLRUDOWXUDTXDQGRVXEPHWLGDjLQXQGDomRFRQVWDQWH
UHYHODQGRPXGDQoDQDDORFDomRGHELRPDVVDSDUDDSDUWH
GLQkPLFD GH LQXQGDomR SURYRFDGDV SRU PRGL¿FDo}HV DpUHD+233(63((5HWDO
QD GHVHPERFDGXUD GR ULR 72*1(//$ HW DO  Estudo realizado com plântulas de Avicennia marina
2VDXWRUHVREVHUYDUDPTXHDVDOWHUDo}HVQDVDOLQLGDGH DSRQWRXTXHRHVWUHVVHFDXVDGRDSHQDVSRULQXQGDomR
WLYHUDPFRPRUHVSRVWDGDYHJHWDomRDPRUWHGDVIROKDV SRGH QmR VHU WmR SUHMXGLFLDO j HVSpFLH 6.(/721
QDSRUomRPDLVDOWDGDFRSD5HODFLRQDUDPWDOIDWRjV
DOWHUDo}HVGRSRWHQFLDORVPyWLFRTXHSRGHPWHURFRUULGR
QRVUDPRVWHUPLQDLVLQYLDELOL]DQGRDPDQXWHQomRGDV
IROKDV SRU GL¿FXOGDGH QR DSRUWH GH iJXD &RP LVWR
os indivíduos adultos tiveram sua estatura diminuída,
SHUPLWLQGRVXDVREUHYLYrQFLD
Revista Biotemas, 27 (3), setembro de 2014
$//$:$< $V SOkQWXODV GH A. marina em
FRQGLo}HV GH PDUp EDL[D DXPHQWDP D FRQFHQWUDomR
GH R[LJrQLR HP VXDV UDt]HV DWp FRQFHQWUDomR HVWiYHO
4XDQGR VmR VXEPHWLGDV j LQXQGDomR SRU VHLV H 
KRUDVDFRQFHQWUDomRGHR[LJrQLRQRVSQHXPDWyIRURV
H UDt]HV GH VXSRUWH GLPLQXL VLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWH
SULQFLSDOPHQWHTXDQGRHPPDLRUWHPSRGHLQXQGDomR
3RUpPDFRQFHQWUDomRUHVWDQWHGHR[LJrQLRpVX¿FLHQWH
 $ERUGDJHPHFR¿VLROyJLFDGRVPDQJXH]DLVXPDUHYLVmR 7

SDUD PDQWHU PHWDEROLVPR DHUyELFR QR QtYHO GH UDL] GH HOHYDGD VDOLQLGDGH RX DWp PHVPR KLSHUVDOLQLGDGH
6.(/721$//$:$<  (VVD FRQFHQWUDomR
é determinada pela capacidade que as raízes têm de
DUPD]HQDUR[LJrQLRQDPDUpEDL[DTXHSRGHHVWDUOLJDGD
DRDHUrQTXLPDQDVUDt]HVSRLVHPPDUpDOWDRHVSDoR
LQWHUQRGHJiVHVWiLVRODGRGRH[WHULRUHKiWUDQVIHUrQFLD
GHR[LJrQLRGDHVWUXWXUDDpUHDjVUDt]HV720/,1621
6&+$())(5129(//,HWDOTXHHPDOJXPDV
VLWXDo}HVSRGHPUHVXOWDUHPiUHDVGHDSLFXPTXHVmR
UHJL}HVKLSHUVDOLQDVVHPYHJHWDomR
0XLWDV iUHDV GH PDQJXH]DO HP ORFDLV GLIHUHQWHV
GR JORER VRIUHP FRP D UHGX]LGD GLVSRQLELOLGDGH
GH QXWULHQWHV SULQFLSDOPHQWH QLWURJrQLR H IyVIRUR
6.(/721$//$:$<
VHQGR HVWHV RV PDFURHOHPHQWRV GH PDLRU OLPLWDomR
(VWXGRVHPODERUDWyULRFRPSOkQWXODVPRVWUDUDP DR FUHVFLPHQWR GD YHJHWDomR $/21*, 
TXH DV LQXQGDo}HV HP ORQJR SUD]R QmR WrP HIHLWR 1RUPDOPHQWH HVVDV iUHDV VmR ERVTXHV GH EDFLD
SHUVLVWHQWH VREUH DV WURFDV JDVRVDV HP Avicennia SHUPDQHQWHPHQWHDODJDGRVFRPDUHQRYDomRGHiJXD
germinans, Laguncularia racemosa ou Rhizophora Vy RFRUUHQGR QDV PDUpV PDLV H[WUHPDV GR DQR$OpP
mangle3(=(6+.,HWDO.5$866HWDO
-iDLQXQGDomRGHFXUWRSUD]RUHGX]DDVVLPLODomRPi[LPD
HUHVSLUDomRQRHVFXURHPSOkQWXODVGHA. germinans,
L. racemosa e R. mangle de acordo com os estudos de
Krauss et al. (2006). No entanto, os mangues maduros
SRGHPVHUPHQRVVHQVtYHLVjLQXQGDomRGHFXUWRSUD]R
do que as plântulas (NAIDOO et al., 1998). Apesar
GRV DXPHQWRV GD FRQFHQWUDomR GR &22 DWPRVIpULFR
UHVXOWDUHPHPWD[DVGHFUHVFLPHQWRHOHYDGDVHVWDVVmR
disso, apresentam salinidade acima daquela da água do
PDU-XQWDPHQWHDRUHGX]LGRIRUQHFLPHQWRGHQXWULHQWHV
SURFHVVRVPLFURELDQRVFRPRDWD[DGHGHFRPSRVLomR
H UHWHQomR GH QXWULHQWHV QD UL]RVIHUD SRGHP UHGX]LU
D GLVSRQLELOLGDGH GH QXWULHQWHV SDUD D DEVRUomR SHODV
plantas (NAIDOO, 2006).
'HILFLrQFLD GH 3 HVWi H[WUHPDPHQWH OLJDGD j
GLPLQXLomR GH WUDQVSRUWH GH iJXD SRLV GLPLQXL R
IXQFLRQDPHQWR GH FDQDLV GH iJXD DTXDSRULQDV TXH
PHQRUHVGRTXHDVUHGXo}HVQDVWD[DVGHFUHVFLPHQWR
QHFHVVLWDP GH IRVIRULODomR SDUD R IXQFLRQDPHQWR
REVHUYDGDV TXDQGR PDQJXH]DLV HVWmR FDGD YH] PDLV
/29(/2&. HW DO D (VVD GH¿FLrQFLD OHYD j
LQXQGDGRV)$516:257+HWDO
1XWULHQWHV
O input de nutrientes no ecossistema manguezal é
GLIHUHQFLDGRQRVERVTXHVGHIUDQMDHGHEDFLD2VERVTXHV
GH IUDQMD VmR H[SRVWRV D GXDV FRQGLo}HV QXWULFLRQDLV
UHGXomR GD FRQGXWkQFLD HVWRPiWLFD H FRQGXWLYLGDGH
KLGUiXOLFD GLPLQXLomR GD UDPL¿FDomR GD SDUWH DpUHD
e alongamento celular, reduzindo o crescimento das
árvores. Portanto, em locais limitados por P os processos
GH FROHWD H WUDQVSRUWH GH iJXD VmR SRQWRV FKDYH SDUD
UHVWULQJLUDSURGXWLYLGDGHQHVVHVERVTXHV/29(/2&.
HWDODE1$,'22
GHSHQGHQGRGDVXDORFDOL]DomRSUy[LPRDRPDURXDR
ULR %DVLFDPHQWH RV ERVTXHV GH IUDQMD SUy[LPRV DR $GH¿FLrQFLDHP1WDPEpPLQLEHRFUHVFLPHQWR
PDUVmRROLJRWUy¿FRVSRLVUHFHEHPPHQRUGHVFDUJDGH em altura das árvores. Esse elemento é utilizado na
QXWULHQWHVDSDUWLUGRVULRV3RURXWURODGRRVERVTXHVGH LQFRUSRUDomR GH ELRPDVVD FRPS}HP SURWHtQDV
IUDQMDQRLQWHULRUGRVHVWXiULRVUHFHEHPJUDQGHDSRUWHGH SURGXomR GH VROXWRV FRPSDWtYHLV H SDUWLFLSDP QD
QXWULHQWHVSURYHQLHQWHVGRÀX[RÀXYLDO2VERVTXHVGH FRPSRVLomR GH 58%,6&2 HQ]LPD UHVSRQViYHO SHOD
EDFLDUHTXHUHPLQSXWGHQXWULHQWHVDSDUWLUGDVFKXYDVH UHGXomR GR &22 3223 HW DO  0$57,1 HW
do escoamento terrestre SDUDPHOKRUGHVHQYROYLPHQWR
SRLVVmRLQXQGDGRVDSHQDVQDVPDUpVDOWDV$VEDFLDV
GHVHQYROYHPVH H[XEHUDQWHPHQWH QRV ORFDLV RQGH D
SUHFLSLWDomRpPDLRUGRTXHDHYDSRWUDQVSLUDomRORFDO
LVWRpQmRRFRUUHPHVWDo}HVFRPGp¿FLWKtGULFR6HD
HYDSRWUDQVSLUDomRpPDLRUGRTXHDSUHFLSLWDomRHVVHV
ERVTXHVWHPFUHVFLPHQWRUHGX]LGRSRLVDOpPGHOLGDU
DO  1RUPDOPHQWH LQGLYtGXRV FRP GH¿FLrQFLD
HP1DSUHVHQWDPPHQRUiUHDIROLDUPHQRUH¿FLrQFLD
IRWRTXtPLFD H WD[D IRWRVVLQWpWLFD %RVTXHV OLPLWDGRV
SRU 1 TXDQGR IHUWLOL]DGRV WrP VXD PHOKRULD HP
SURGXomRSULPiULDTXDQGRPDLVFDUERQRpDORFDGRQD
iUHDIROLDUTXHSRGHOHYDUHPDOJXQVFDVRVDRDXPHQWR
HPWD[DIRWRVVLQWpWLFD/29(/2&.)(//(5
FRPGp¿FLWQXWULFLRQDOVXSRUWDPWDPEpPDVFRQGLo}HV /29(/2&.HWDOD0$57,1HWDO

Revista Biotemas, 27 (3), setembro de 2014

8 S. S. Pascoalini et al.

(PH[SHULPHQWRVGHORQJRSUD]RGHPRQVWUDGRSRU 0XGDQoDVFOLPiWLFDV
)HOOHU  HP FRPXQLGDGHV FUHVFHQGR VREUH VRORV
FDOFiULRVHP7ZLQ&D\V%HOL]HDGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGH3 Os ecossistemas costeiros, como o manguezal,
IRLRIDWRUHFROyJLFRGHWHUPLQDQWHSDUDRFUHVFLPHQWR VmRH[WUHPDPHQWHVXVFHSWtYHLVjVDOWHUDo}HVFOLPiWLFDV
GDVSODQWDV0HGLQDHWDOWDPEpPDVVRFLDUDP $/21*,  (ODV SRGHP DIHWDU WDQWR D SODQWD
R FUHVFLPHQWR GH¿FLHQWH GH R. mangle, no leste de TXDQWRRVSURFHVVRVELRTXtPLFRVGRVRORSHORDXPHQWR
3RUWR 5LFR FRP XPD FRPELQDomR GH OLPLWDomR GH 3 dos níveis de CO2, temperatura, nível médio do mar
HHVWUHVVHKtGULFRVD]RQDO/RYHORFNHWDOFDR H PDLRU IUHTXrQFLD GH WHPSHVWDGHV (VWHV VmR WRGRV
estudar manguezais onde P era o nutriente limitante, a aspectos possíveis que podem causar um impacto
IHUWLOL]DomRFRP3UHVXOWRXQXPDXPHQWRGRFUHVFLPHQWR VLJQL¿FDWLYR VREUH D ¿VLRORJLD GR PDQJXH H VREUH R
QDFRQGXWkQFLDKLGUD~OLFDGRFDXOHQDWUDQVSLUDomRHQD IXQFLRQDPHQWRGRHFRVVLVWHPD5(()HWDO
IRWRVVtQWHVH-iHVWXGRVQR,QGR3DFt¿FRHQR&RQWLQHQWH $XPHQWR GD FRQFHQWUDomR GH &22 DWPRVIpULFR
$IULFDQR /29(/2&. HW DO  PRVWUDUDP SRGH FDXVDU DXPHQWR HP DVVLPLODomR IRWRVVLQWpWLFD H
YDULDomR QR FUHVFLPHQWR LQGHSHQGHQWH GH VHU R 1 RX FUHVFLPHQWRGDVSODQWDVGHPDQJXHHPEDL[DVVDOLQLGDGHV
3 RV IDWRUHV OLPLWDQWHV VHQGR 1 DTXHOH QXWULHQWH TXH FRPRREVHUYDGRHPSOkQWXODVGHRhizophora apiculata
PDLVIUHTXHQWHPHQWHOLPLWRXRFUHVFLPHQWRGDVSODQWDV e Rhizophora stylosa FXOWLYDGDVHPODERUDWyULR%$//
1R PDQJXH]DO RQGH R 1 HUD OLPLWDQWH D IHUWLOL]DomR HW DO  1R HQWDQWR GLIHUHQoDV LQWHUHVSHFt¿FDV
PHOKRURXRFUHVFLPHQWRGRGRVVHOPDVVHPDOWHUDUD em resposta ao aumento de CO2HVXDUHODomRjVRXWUDV
FRQGXWLYLGDGH KLGUD~OLFD HVSHFt¿FD GRV FDXOHV H GDV PXGDQoDVFOLPiWLFDVSRGHPDOWHUDUSDGU}HVGH]RQDomR
IROKDV/29(/2&.HWDOE dentro de estuário (ALONGI, 2008).
Estudando espécies de Avicennia gernimans
FUHVFHQGR HP GRLV DPELHQWHV FRP VDOLQLGDGHV
contrastantes na Australia, Martin et al. (2010) não
HQFRQWUDUDPHIHLWRVLJQL¿FDWLYRGDIHUWLOL]DomRFRP3
QRFUHVFLPHQWRGDVSDUWHVDpUHDVHQTXDQWRDIHUWLOL]DomR
FRP 1 PHOKRURX R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GR GRVVHO
DXPHQWDQGRDTXDQWLGDGHGHIROKDVSDUWLFXODUPHQWHGDV
iUYRUHVFUHVFHQGRQDiUHDKLSHUVDOLQD$VVLPVHJXQGR
$ORQJLSURS}HTXHRDXPHQWRGDWHPSHUDWXUD
DWPRVIpULFDDOpPGHH[SDQGLURVOLPLWHVODWLWXGLQDLVGR
HFRVVLVWHPD GLPLQXLULD D DVVLPLODomR IRWRVVLQWpWLFD
em áreas áridas e aumentaria em áreas de elevada
SOXYLRVLGDGH (P DGLomR R DXPHQWR GH WHPSHUDWXUD
SRGHOHYDUDPXGDQoDVQDFRPSRVLomRGDFRPXQLGDGH
GHYLGR jV GLIHUHQoDV HQWUH DV HVSpFLHV HP PDQWHU D
WHPSHUDWXUD IROLDU DOJXQV JUDXV DEDL[R GDTXHOD GR
HVWHVDXWRUHVSDUHFHTXHDVUHVWULo}HVVREUHDDEVRUomR
GHiJXDHPXPDPELHQWHVDOLQRSRGHVHUVXSHUDGDHP
FHUWDPHGLGDFRPD IHUWLOL]DomRGH 1 DXPHQWDQGRR
LQYHVWLPHQWRGR1QD5XELVFRHXPDUHGXomRQRFXVWR
KtGULFRGRJDQKRGHFDUERQRHPQtYHOIROLDU/RYHORFN
DU /8*2 HW DO  %DUU HW DO  HVWXGDQGR
indivíduos de Rhizophora mangleQD)OyULGDYHUL¿FDUDP
TXHHPVLWXDo}HVRQGHDWHPSHUDWXUDGRDUH[FHGHXRV
ž & KRXYH GHVDWLYDomR IRWRVVLQWpWLFD LQGX]LGD SHOR
LQFUHPHQWRQDWHPSHUDWXUDRTXHFRQWULEXLXSDUDUHGX]LU
H )HOOHU  DR DYDOLDUHP D IHUWLOL]DomR GH A. DWD[DGHDVVLPLODomRGHFDUERQR
germinans versus Laguncularia racemosa constataram
(PUHODomRDRDXPHQWRQRQtYHOGRPDU0FIDGGHQ
TXH R DXPHQWR GR GHVHPSHQKR IRWRVVLQWpWLFR HP A.
germinans com N era muito maior do que o de L.
racemosaIHUWLOL]DGRFRPRPHVPRQXWULHQWH
2 QXWULHQWH )RVIDWR 3243-) em solos de mangue
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