VERBO TO BE

O verbo to be significa ser/estar, para saber se ele significa ser ou

estar é só analisar o contexto da frase.

A forma que ele se apresenta muda conforme a pessoa.

Na tabela abaixo o verbo to be está no presente afirmativo.

+ resto da
Sujeito Verbo to be
frase
Eu I sou/estou am Rápido fast
Você You é/está are fast
Ele He é/está is fast
Ela She é/está is fast
- It é/está is fast
Nós We somos/estamos are fast
Vocês You são/estão are fast
Eles/Elas They são/estão are fast

Essa é a forma completa de apresentação, mas também temos as

contrações, que ficam mais naturais (principalmente na fala):

Forma Forma
completa contraída
I am fast I'm fast
You are fast You're fast
He is fast He's fast
She is fast She's fast
It is fast It's fast
We are fast We're fast
You are fast You're fast
They are fast They're fast

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Já na forma negativa, o verb to be se apresenta da seguinte
forma:
+ resto da
Sujeito Verbo to be + not
frase
I am not fast
You are not fast
He is not fast
She is not fast
It is not fast
We are not fast
You are not fast
They are not fast

Também mantém essa estrutura quando as contrações do

verbo to be são utilizadas:

Sujeito + verbo + resto da

+ not
to be contraído frase

I'm not fast

You're not fast
He's not fast
She's not fast
It's not fast
We're not fast
You're not fast
They're not fast

IMPORTANTE: esses dois formatos são usados quando a

intenção é dar ênfase ao NOT.

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Quando você quiser utilizar a frase negativa sem ênfase ao
NOT, use a seguinte estrutura:

Verbo to be + + resto da
Sujeito
not contraído frase

I não se aplica fast

You aren't fast
He isn't fast
She isn't fast
It isn't fast
We aren't fast
You aren't fast
They aren't fast

Basicamente o NOT se une ao to be e o "O" some,

colocando no lugar uma apóstrofe, como no exemplo:

YOU ARE NOT FAST

YOU ARE N'T FAST
YOU AREN'T FAST

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Para fazer uma pergunta em inglês é MUITO SIMPLES, basta
trocar o verbo to be de posição com a pessoa.

+ resto da
Sujeito Verbo to be
frase
I am fast
You are fast
He is fast
She is fast
It is fast
We are fast
You are fast
They are fast

Veja como fica:

+ resto da
Verbo to be Sujeito
frase

Am I fast?
Are you fast?
Is he fast?
Is she fast?
Is it fast?
Are we fast?
Are you fast?
Are they fast?

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E para responder uma pergunta, você repete a frase como
um todo, após falar que sim ou não.

+ resto da Resposta
Verbo to be Sujeito
frase completa

Yes, you are fast.

Am I fast? No, you are not fast.

Yes, I am fast.
Are you fast? No, I am not fast.

Yes, he is fast.
Is he fast? No, he is not fast.

Yes, she is fast.

Is she fast? No, she is not fast.

Yes, it is fast.
Is it fast? No, it is not fast.

we fast? Yes, you are fast.

Are No, you are not fast.

Yes, we are fast.

Are you fast? No, we are not fast.

Yes, they are fast.

Are they fast? No, they are not fast.

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Na resposta curta, nós vamos até onde tem o verb to be.

No caso de negativa, SEMPRE utilizamos contração (exceto

no "I am").

+ resto da Resposta
Verbo to be Sujeito
frase curta

Yes, you are.

Am I fast? No, you aren't.

Yes, I am.
Are you fast? No, I am not.

Yes, he is.
Is he fast? No, he isn't.

Yes, she is.

Is she fast? No, she isn't.

Yes, it is.
Is it fast? No, it isn't.

we fast? Yes, you are.

Are No, you aren't.

Yes, we are.
Are you fast? No, we aren't.

Yes, they are.

Are they fast? No, they aren't.

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Quando utilizamos uma WH Question Word, ela vem antes
dessa estrutura:

WH Question + resto da
Verbo to be Sujeito
Word + frase

Am I doing?

Are you doing?

Is he doing?

Is she doing?
What
Is it doing?

Are we doing?

Are you doing?

Are they doing?

O que são WH Question Words?

O nome é um pouco estranho, mas não se preocupe, é bem

SIMPLES!

É o nome de um grupo de palavras utilizadas para

perguntas, contendo as letras W e H, veja a lista abaixo:
who (quem) what (o que, qual) how (como)
where (onde) which (o que, qual)
why (por que) when (quando)

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VERBO TO BE no PASSADO
O verbo to be significa se apresenta de 3 formas distintas no
presente, porém no passado possui apenas 2 formas, de acordo
com a pessoa.

Na tabela abaixo o verbo to be está no passado afirmativo.

+ resto da
Sujeito Verbo to be
frase
Eu I era/estava was Rápido fast
Você You era/esteve were fast
Ele He era/estava was fast
Ela She era/estava was fast
- It era/estava was fast
Nós We eramos/estavamoswere fast
Vocês You eram/estavamwere fast
Eles/Elas They eram/estavam were fast

Essa é a forma completa de apresentação e, no passado, não há

contração em frases afirmativas. Já nas frases negativas as
contrações aparecem.

Nas tabelas abaixo o verbo to be está no passado negativo e

também passado negativo contraído.
+ resto da Verbo to be + + resto da
Sujeito Verbo to be + not Sujeito
frase not contraído frase

I was not fast I wasn't fast

You were not fast You weren't fast
He was not fast He wasn't fast
She was not fast She wasn't fast
It was not fast It wasn't fast
We were not fast We weren't fast
You were not fast You weren't fast
They were not fast They weren't fast

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 E na hora de perguntar no passado, como fica?
Na hora de fazermos perguntas, da mesma forma que fazemos no
presente, o verbo to be troca de posição, vindo antes da pessoa.

Na tabela abaixo o verbo to be está no passado interrogativo.

+ resto da Resposta
Verbo to be Sujeito
frase completa

Yes, you were fast.

Was I fast? No, you were not
fast.
Yes, I was fast.
Were you fast? No, I was not fast.

Yes, he was fast.

Was he fast? No, he was not
fast.
Yes, she was fast.
Was she fast? No, she was not
fast.
Yes, it was fast.
Was it fast? No, it was not
fast.

we fast? Yes, you were fast.

Were No, you were not
fast.
Yes, we were fast.
Were you fast? No, we were not fast.

Yes, they were fast.

Were they fast? No, they were not
fast.

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E, da mesma forma que no presente, podemos utilizar tanto
respostas completas quanto respostas curtas com o verbo to be
no passado.

Lembre que, em respostas curtas negativas, SEMPRE usamos

contração.

+ resto da Resposta
Verbo to be Sujeito
frase curta

Yes, you were.

Was I fast? No, you weren't.

Yes, I was.
Were you fast? No, I wasn't.

Yes, he was.
Was he fast? No, he wasn't.

Yes, she was.

Was she fast? No, she wasn't.

Yes, it was.
Was it fast? No, it wasn't.

we fast? Yes, you were.

Were No, you weren't.

Yes, we were.
Were you fast? No, we weren't.

Yes, they were.

Were they fast? No, they weren't.

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E, novamente, quando utilizamos uma WH Question Word, ela
vem antes dessa estrutura:

WH Question
Verbo to be Sujeito
Word +

was I ?

were you ?

was he ?

was she ?

Where was it ?

were we ?

were you ?

were they ?

Parabéns por ter chegado até aqui, mantendo esse foco e

determinação irá alcançar a fluência, é só questão de tempo!

Vamos praticar o que aprendeu? Clique no link abaixo

para acessar os exercícios.

https://bit.ly/2Mputdg

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