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Resumo
The presence of mercury compounds is worrying as this heavy metal has a great
potential of bioaccumulation and biomagnifications beyond its high toxicity level to
human beings and environmental persistence. The human exposition can be from
natural or artificial sources (anthropic). Therefore, the environmental impacts caused
by elementary mercury waste or its compounds are related with its volatility
permanence in aquatic environments and bioaccumulation. Remediation methods of
physical, chemical and physicochemical sources had been used among the years, but
some of these had resulted in compounds with high toxicity level and also undesirable
environmental impacts, which led the encouragement to bioremediation research. As
bioremediation of contaminated areas are used by live organisms, the environmental
conditions are fundamental to the growth of these organisms. In spite of organism such
as plants and bacteria with resistance to mercury compounds has a promissory use,
should be required further study with respect to volatilization of the compounds of this
heavy metal, since are not yet well explained the forming mechanisms of other toxic
compounds into the atmosphere and stratosphere. This way, the usage of fungus that
has the potential of environment detoxication can be very interesting for some species
like Aspergillusniger and Aspergillusvesicolor, demonstrated a decontamination action
of water environments by biabsorption resulting in low toxicity waste, immobilizing the
said metal. In this Paper is submitted a literature review on the research line: “Mercury
Contamination in its various ways, its utilization, its environmental impacts, preventive
labour procedures in the areas of health and gold-digging, disposal of products
containing mercury and bioremediation of the contaminated areas”.
2
metais pesados. O símbolo Hg vem do Os principais aspectos
permanência no ambiente e
capacidade de biocumulação e
químicas do mercúrio.
3
A biorremediação combina tecnologias para remover o
4
complexação (na parede ou em exposição ao ser humano são a
entre outras podem ser adotadas. mercúrio metálico pode causar danos