ENGLISH:

GRAMMAR TIPS
 01
Simple Present
 Simple Present (presente simples)
Empregos do simple present:

• Expressa um fato;

Maria lives in Recife.

• Expressa uma rotina;

I brush my teeth everyday.

• Ações futuras com o tempo determinado;

My flight leaves for Italy at 8:45.

• Com verbos que indicam processo mental, sentimentos, sentidos,

propriedades como: to know, to understand, to believe, to have, to belong
(to).

You belong to me and no one else.

 Simple Present tense

I live
YOU live
SHE / HE / IT lives
WE live
YOU live
THEY live

Obs: Há o acréscimo de s na conjugação da terceira pessoa do singular

(he, she, it). Na maioria dos verbos apenas acrescenta-se s no fim,
porém em alguns outros verbos necessita-se de outras modificações
antes de acrescentar-se o s.
 Simple Present
Special Rules (3º pessoa)
• Os verbos terminados em ss, sh, ch, x, z e o, recebem es.

Ex: PRESS PRESSES

WASH WASHES
WATCH WATCHES
WAX WAXES
FIZZ FIZZES
GO GOES

• Verbos terminados em y precedido de consoante: elimina-se o y e

acrescenta o ies.

Ex: To try – tries

 Simple Present
Special Rules (3º pessoa)
• Verbos terminados em y precedido de vogal:
Segue-se a regra geral, adiciona s ou es.

Ex: To pray – prays

• O verbo to have é irregular e tem a sua própria forma na terceira

pessoa: has.

Ex: She has a car.

 Advérbios que geralmente
acompanham o simple present:
Always
(sempre) Sundays
Never
(nunca) Mondays
Often = frequently
(frequentemente)
Tuesdays
Seldom = rarely On Wednesdays
(raramente)
Usually Thursdays
(usualmente)
Generally Fridays
(geralmente)
Sometimes Saturdays
(algumas vezes)
 Advérbios que geralmente
acompanham o simple present:

Once
(uma vez)
Twice Day Day
(duas vezes)
Three times A Month Every Month
(três vezes)
Four times Week Year
(quatro vezes)
 Simple present – Negative and
Question forms
Negative form
Formação: sujeito + auxiliar do/does + not + verbo principal no infinitivo sem o to.
I do not (don’t) run
You do not (don’t) run
He
She does not (doesn’t) run
It
We do not (don’t) run
You do not (don’t) run
They do not (don’t) run
O s ao final do verbo na terceira pessoa não precisa mais ser acrescentado, pois o
verbo auxiliar já o possui.
 Simple present – Negative and
Question forms
Question form
Formação: auxiliar do/does + sujeito + verbo principal no infinitivo sem o to.

Do I run?

Do you run?
Algumas palavras interrogativas usadas na question form:
Where (onde)
He How (como)
Does She run? What (qual)
It Why (por que?)
When (quando?)
(At) what time (em que momento?)
Questão 1. Assinale a alternativa correta:
He doesn’t __________ anymore.

a) smoking
b) no smoking
c) smokes
d) smoked
e) smoke
Questão 1. Assinale a alternativa correta:
He doesn’t __________ anymore.

a) smoking
b) no smoking
c) smokes
d) smoked
e) smoke
Questão 2. In the sentence, “biological agents do not survive well”, the use of
the Present Tense implies:

a) doubt.
b) condition.
c) probability.
d) objectivity.
e) certainty.
Questão 2. In the sentence, “biological agents do not survive well”, the use of
the Present Tense implies:

a) doubt.
b) condition.
c) probability.
d) objectivity.
e) certainty.
Questão 3. (UFPB) We _____________ go to school on Sundays.

a) aren’t
b) weren’t
c) wasn’t
d) didn’t
e) don’t
Questão 3. (UFPB) We _____________ go to school on Sundays.

a) aren’t
b) weren’t
c) wasn’t
d) didn’t
e) don’t
Questão 4. (UFPB) ____________ Beatty usually ____________ what she wants?

a) Do / get
b) Does / gets
c) Does / get
d) was / got
e) is / got
Questão 4. (UFPB) ____________ Beatty usually ____________ what she wants?

a) Do / get
b) Does / gets
c) Does / get
d) was / got
e) is / got
(UNCISAL AL/2015)
Minister Norman Baker wants end to UK animal tests

By Brian Wheeler
Political reporter

The minister in charge of regulating animal experiments in the UK has said he wants to see
an end to all testing.
[…]
Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-28580792&gt;. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2014.

Ao seguir a regra gramatical de conjugação de verbos, de acordo com o exemplo da manchete da

reportagem acima, a frase “She ________ her dignity at any price” será completada da seguinte forma
com o verbo “to pursue”.

A. Pursued
B. Pursues
C. Pursuyed
D. Pursue
E. Pursuing
(UNCISAL AL/2015)
Minister Norman Baker wants end to UK animal tests

By Brian Wheeler
Political reporter

The minister in charge of regulating animal experiments in the UK has said he wants to see
an end to all testing.
[…]
Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-28580792&gt;. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2014.

Ao seguir a regra gramatical de conjugação de verbos, de acordo com o exemplo da manchete da

reportagem acima, a frase “She ________ her dignity at any price” será completada da seguinte forma
com o verbo “to pursue”.

A. Pursued
B. Pursues
C. Pursuyed
D. Pursue
E. Pursuing
● (UNIFOR CE/2001)
● In the age-old battle between independence-seeking teenagers and worried parents, the
older generation is packing some new weapons. Caller ID tells parents who is calling their
kids. Cell-phone bills detail every local number the kid has called. New computer
programs track just about everything − every Web site visited, every e-mail sent − that a
teenager does online.
● Parental reconnaissance is going to get worse − or good, depending on your perspective.
● (Wall Street Journal, Nov. 6, 2000)

Os verbos que estão no Simple Present, no texto, são

A. is packing - is calling - is going

B. worried - visited – sent
C. detail - track – get
D. worried - has called – does
E. tells - detail - track
● (UNIFOR CE/2001)
● In the age-old battle between independence-seeking teenagers and worried parents, the
older generation is packing some new weapons. Caller ID tells parents who is calling their
kids. Cell-phone bills detail every local number the kid has called. New computer
programs track just about everything − every Web site visited, every e-mail sent − that a
teenager does online.
● Parental reconnaissance is going to get worse − or good, depending on your perspective.
● (Wall Street Journal, Nov. 6, 2000)

Os verbos que estão no Simple Present, no texto, são

A. is packing - is calling - is going

B. worried - visited – sent
C. detail - track – get
D. worried - has called – does
E. tells - detail - track
(UNIOESTE PR/2012)
Brazil presidency website hacked, jammed in attack claimed by Lulz collective

A cyber attack blocked traffic to the website of the Brazilian presidency and two other government sites on Wednesday, authorities
said.
The Brazilian branch of the Lulz Security hacking collective claimed responsibility for the attacks.
Lulz members have claimed responsibility for recent attacks on the site of electronics giant Sony, along with the CIA web page and
the U.S. Senate computer system.
The Brazilian president’s office said in a statement that attacks on the website of the presidency, along with the nation’s internal
revenue service and a government portal began around 12:30 a.m. and lasted until 3 a.m.
The government said it stopped the hackers from obtaining data from the websites, but that the attacks made them inaccessible for
about an hour.
Hours later, people who claimed to be Lulz members said on Twitter that they had taken down the website of oil company
Petrobras, whose website was down Wednesday afternoon. Petrobras would not confirm whether the problems with its website
were caused by an attack.
On a Twitter page in the name of the Brazilian branch of Lulz, posters justified the apparent attack on the Petrobras website by
complaining about the price of gasoline in Brazil.
“Wake up Brazil! We no longer want to buy gas at 2.75 to 2.78 reals ($1.73 to $1.75) and export for half of that price!” stated one
tweet from the group.http://www.washingtonpost.c
om/world/americas/
Which verb form is used in the sentence: “Wake up Brazil!”.
Presente perfeito Passado simples
Futuro Imperativo
Presente contínuo
(UNIOESTE PR/2012)
Brazil presidency website hacked, jammed in attack claimed by Lulz collective

A cyber attack blocked traffic to the website of the Brazilian presidency and two other government sites on Wednesday, authorities
said.
The Brazilian branch of the Lulz Security hacking collective claimed responsibility for the attacks.
Lulz members have claimed responsibility for recent attacks on the site of electronics giant Sony, along with the CIA web page and
the U.S. Senate computer system.
The Brazilian president’s office said in a statement that attacks on the website of the presidency, along with the nation’s internal
revenue service and a government portal began around 12:30 a.m. and lasted until 3 a.m.
The government said it stopped the hackers from obtaining data from the websites, but that the attacks made them inaccessible for
about an hour.
Hours later, people who claimed to be Lulz members said on Twitter that they had taken down the website of oil company
Petrobras, whose website was down Wednesday afternoon. Petrobras would not confirm whether the problems with its website
were caused by an attack.
On a Twitter page in the name of the Brazilian branch of Lulz, posters justified the apparent attack on the Petrobras website by
complaining about the price of gasoline in Brazil.
“Wake up Brazil! We no longer want to buy gas at 2.75 to 2.78 reals ($1.73 to $1.75) and export for half of that price!” stated one
tweet from the group.http://www.washingtonpost.c
om/world/americas/
Which verb form is used in the sentence: “Wake up Brazil!”.
Presente perfeito Passado simples
Futuro Imperativo
Presente contínuo
55. (AERONÁUTICA 2019) “Dad arrives at midnight”. The verb arrives is in the:

a. simple past tense – affirmative form

b. simple present tense – affirmative form
c. present perfect tense – affirmative form
d. present continuous tense – affirmative form
55. (AERONÁUTICA 2019) “Dad arrives at midnight”. The verb arrives is in the:

a. simple past tense – affirmative form

b. simple present tense – affirmative form
c. present perfect tense – affirmative form
d. present continuous tense – affirmative form
(SSA 3 – 2018)

Trump defends his use of social media in a series of tweets US President Donald Trump
has defended his use of social media in a series of tweets, following a row over comments he made
about two MSNBC TV presenters. “My use of social media is not presidential - it’s modern day
presidential,” he tweeted on Saturday. His tweets are condemned by Democrats and Republicans
alike, despite the White House springing to his defence. Mr Trump’s aides have previously
expressed concern over his tweets.
But the president said on Saturday that social media gave him the opportunity to connect
directly to the public, bypassing the mainstream media, whose content Mr Trump regularly labels as
“fake news”. “The FAKE & FRAUDULENT NEWS MEDIA is working hard to convince Republicans
and others I should not use social media,” he tweeted, adding: “But remember, I won the 2016
election with interviews, speeches and social media.” Mr Trump also stepped up his attack on CNN
after the US news network retracted an article alleging that one of the president’s aides was under
investigation by Congress. “I am extremely pleased to see that @CNN has finally been exposed as
#FakeNews and garbage journalism. It’s about time!” The story that caused the up- set, which was
later removed from the website following an internal investigation, resulted in the resignations of
three CNN journalists: Thomas Frank, investigative unit editor and Pulitzer Prize winner Eric
Lictblau and Lex Harris, who over- saw the investigations unit.
5. Complete the gap according to the text. Trump __________ uses the social media.
a. sometimes
b. rarely
c. never
d. seldom
e. always

6. What does Mr. Trump call - the fake and fraudulent news media?
a. The mainstream media.
b. The things he usually tweets.
c. The social media.
d. Both Democrats and Republicans.
e. The US news network.
7. According to the text, Mr. Trump likes to use the social media because
a. he likes to be in touch directly to the US people.
b. the fake media is really working hard against him.
c. he has much free time to use the social media.
d. he has attacked the CNN journalists.
e. he wants to help the mainstream media.
5. Complete the gap according to the text. Trump __________ uses the social media.
a. sometimes
b. rarely
c. never
d. seldom
e. always

6. What does Mr. Trump call - the fake and fraudulent news media?
a. The mainstream media.
b. The things he usually tweets.
c. The social media.
d. Both Democrats and Republicans.
e. The US news network.
7. According to the text, Mr. Trump likes to use the social media because
a. he likes to be in touch directly to the US people.
b. the fake media is really working hard against him.
c. he has much free time to use the social media.
d. he has attacked the CNN journalists.
e. he wants to help the mainstream media.
8. Considere a análise linguística elaborada para o texto 1 e assinale a alternativa
INCORRETA.

a. Em: His tweets are condemned by Democrats and Re- publicans alike (…),
empregou-se a voz passiva (Present tense), indicando certa formalidade do discurso.
b) Nos trechos: ‘whose content Mr Trump regularly la- bels as “fake news”’; e “resulted
in the resignations of three CNN journalists (…) ”, as palavras sublinhadas são falsas
cognatas.
c) No último parágrafo, deu-se preferência ao uso dos verbos no Simple Past, sendo
que o verbo empregado na frase ‘who oversaw the investigations unit. ’ é irregular.
d) Em: “I am extremely pleased to see that @CNN has finally been exposed as
#FakeNews and garbage journalism. (…)”, os termos sublinhados são advérbios de
tempo e modo, respectivamente.
e) A expressão ‘It’s about time!’, empregada no final do penúltimo parágrafo, pode ser
traduzida, em português, por ‘Já estava na hora!’
8. Considere a análise linguística elaborada para o texto 1 e assinale a alternativa
INCORRETA.

a. Em: His tweets are condemned by Democrats and Re- publicans alike (…),
empregou-se a voz passiva (Present tense), indicando certa formalidade do discurso.
b) Nos trechos: ‘whose content Mr Trump regularly la- bels as “fake news”’; e “resulted
in the resignations of three CNN journalists (…) ”, as palavras sublinhadas são falsas
cognatas.
c) No último parágrafo, deu-se preferência ao uso dos verbos no Simple Past,
sendo que o verbo empregado na frase ‘who oversaw the investigations unit. ’ é
irregular.
d) Em: “I am extremely pleased to see that @CNN has finally been exposed as
#FakeNews and garbage journalism. (…)”, os termos sublinhados são advérbios de
tempo e modo, respectivamente.
e) A expressão ‘It’s about time!’, empregada no final do penúltimo parágrafo, pode ser
traduzida, em português, por ‘Já estava na hora!’