Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
COMPOSIÇÃO / COMPOSITION
• Células: condroblastos ® condrócitos / Cells: chondroblasts ® chondrocytes
• MEC / GS
• colagénio II ¬ tb IX, X, XI / collagen II ¬ also IX, X, XI
• PtGs ¬ agrecanos / PtGs ¬ agrecans
• glicop ¬ condronectina / glycoproteins ¬ chondronectin
Molecular organization of hyaline cartilage ECM.
Schematic representation of the most abundant molecules in cartilage matrix shows the interaction between type II
collagen fibrils and proteoglycans linked to hyaluronic acid.
Link proteins noncovalently bind the protein core of proteoglycans to the linear hyaluronic acid molecules. The
chondroitin sulfate side chains of the proteoglycan electrostatically bind to the collagen fibrils, forming a cross-linked
matrix. The oval outlines the area shown larger in the lower part of the figure. Physical properties of these matrix
components produce a highly hydrated, pliable material with great strength. Approximately 75% of the wet weight of
hyaline cartilage is water
CARACTERÍSTICAS / CHARACTERISTICS
• MEC firme mas deformável / ECM firm but deformable
• rica em GAGs / GAG rich ¬ sulfato de condroitina e queratano-sulfato
• ® 70-80% do peso é água / ® 70-80% of its weight is water
• resistente ao tração e compressão / resistant to tensile and compression forces
COMPOSTO / COMPOSED
• camada fibrosa externa
outer fibrous layer
• camada interna ¬ condrogénica
inner layer ¬ chondrogenic
http://www.writeopinions.com/perichondrium
Os 3 tipos de cartilagem /The 3 types of cartilage
TIPOS DE CARTILAGEM – HIALINA / CARTILAGE TYPES - HYALINE
ENCONTRADA / FOUND
• esqueleto temporário do embrião / temporary skeleton of the embryo
• cartilagem das vias respiratórias / airway cartilage
• ¬ nariz, laringe, traqueia, brônquios / nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi
• cartilagens costais / costal cartilages
• cartilagem articular / articular cartilage
• recobre as superfícies articulares dos ossos longos / covers the articular surfaces of the long bones
• ¬ articulações com grande mobilidade / ¬ highly mobile joints
• sem pericôndrio / without perichondrium
• disco epifisário / epiphyseal disc
• responsável crescimento longitudinal de ossos longos
responsible for longitudinal growth of long bones
• sem pericôndrio / without perichondrium
TIPOS DE CARTILAGEM – HIALINA / CARTILAGE TYPES - HYALINE
• avascular / avascular
• sempre com pericôndrio ¬ excepto: / always with perichondrium ¬ except:
• cartilagem articular / articular cartilage
• cartilagem de conjugação – disco epifisário / conjugation cartilage - epiphyseal disc
• MEC / ECM
• colagénio II / collagen II
• ác. hialurónico, PtGs, glicop / hyaluronic acid, PtGs, glycop
As 2 excepções de
cartilagem hialina SEM pericôndrio:
The 2 exceptions of
hyaline cartilage WITHOUT perichondrium
http://www.bioscience.org/
TIPOS DE CARTILAGEM – HIALINA / CARTILAGE TYPES - HYALINE
FUNÇÕES / FUNCTIONS
• resistente à tensão e compressão / resistant to tensile and compression
• suporte estrutural no sistema respiratório / structural support in the respiratory system
• fundamento do esqueleto fetal / foundation of the foetal skeleton
• proporciona textura suave para as superfícies articulares
provides smooth texture to the joint surfaces
• crescimento ósseo endocondral / endochondral bone growth
TIPOS DE CARTILAGEM – HIALINA
• condroblastos ® condrócitos
chondroblasts ® chondrocytes
• lacunas / lacuna
• cavidades da MEC com 1 ou + condrócitos
ECM cavities with 1 or + chondrocytes
• pericôndrio e zona condrógena
perichondrium and chondrogenic zone
• grupos isogénicos coronários
coronary isogenic groups
• matriz /matrix
• inter-territorial / inter-territorial
• territorial / territorial
Tipos de cartilagem – ELÁSTICA / CARTILAGE TYPES - ELASTIC
• avascular /avascular
• com pericôndrio / with perichondrium
• MEC / ECM
• colagénio II + fibras elásticas
collagen II + elastic fibres
Encontrada / Found
• ouvido externo / outer ear
• canal auditivo / ear canal
• trompa de Eustáquio / Eustachian tube
• epiglote / epiglottis
• laringe / larynx
Cartilagem elástica /Elastic cartilage
Tipos de cartilagem – ELÁSTICA versus HIALINA
TYPES OF CARTILAGE - ELASTIC VERSUS HYALINE
Encontrada / Found
• discos intervertebrais / intervertebral discs
• discos articulares do joelho / knee joint discs
• mandíbula / jaw
• sínfise pubiana / pubic symphysis
TIPOS DE CARTILAGEM – FIBROCARTILAGEM / FIBROCARTILAGE
• MEC acidófila ¬ muitas fibras de colagénio I
acidophilic ECM ¬ many collagen I fibers
http://medcell.med.yale.edu/histology/connective_tissue_lab/elastic_cartilage.php
Fibrocartilage is a specialized form of connective tissue .The fibrous and cartilaginous components render this tissue
extremely tough and resilient. The cell types found in this connective tissue include both fibroblasts/cytes and
chondroblasts/cytes. The matrix is largely acidophilic due to the presence of large numbers of collagen (type I) fibers. The
ground substance between the fibers is basophilic and contains chondroblasts/cytes within lacunae.
Fibrocartilage is found in the menisci of the stifle joint, symphyses (e.g., the pelvic symphysis), the annulus fibrosis of the
intervertebral discs, and where ligaments and tendons attach to hyaline cartilage surfaces of joints.
Fibrocartilage does not contain a perichondrium
TIPOS DE CARTILAGEM – FIBROCARTILAGEM / FIBROCARTILAGE
http://www.pucrs.br/fabio/histologia/atlasvirtual
REPARAÇÃO LIMITADA / LIMITED REPAIR
• pouca capacidade de reparação / poor repair capacity
• ausência de vascularização / absence of vascularisation
• imobilidade dos condrócitos / chondrocyte immobility
• capacidade limitada dos condrócitos em proliferar
limited capacity of chondrocytes to proliferate
• pode ocorrer calcificação!!!! / calcification may occur!!!!