Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas

Curso de Ciências Econômicas

História Econômica Geral – Professor Ernesto Pimentel

Sem 2023.1, de julho a outubro de 2023
Atividade Correspondente aos Exercícios Online 11 e 12 (EO11/EO12)

O documento que aqui se traz é uma fonte histórica primária publicada em gráfica, em 1797.
Nesse período, o conceito de História como uma disciplina científica com autonomia não existia.
Então, por história poderia ser compreendida uma compilação de dados documentais, um relato, ou
uma estatística. Esse exemplar digitalizado estava no acerto da Biblioteca Histórica Médica. Nestas
páginas digitalizadas daquele exemplar original, p. 433-435, é possível você ver o relato detalhado
de ganhos de uma pessoa trabalhadora. Logo, não se trata de um padrão geral, mas de um cálculo
ora certo, ora estimado de consumos e rendas em particular (= in casu), em Middlesex, Ealing, nos
arredores de Londres, Reino Unido.
Procure decifrar a grafia, onde “flopped” é em verdade “slopped”; o símbolo de libra £ deve
ser lido “pound” etc. Aprenda, pois, a ler um documento histórico em inglês o suficiente para ter
uma noção do que se pesquisa ao estudar a Revolução Indutrial termos de consumo e renda. Essa
fonte foi a base de vários estudos, inclusive das reflexões de Robert C. Allen, daí sua importância
como fonte primária.
Se você vir uma notação como £17-17-3, por exemplo, ela representa uma forma específica
de anotar libras, xelins e centavos no sistema monetário britânico, que estava em uso antes da
decimalização da moeda em 1971. Na notação do exemplo acima: £ 17 representam 17 libras ou
pounds. 17 xelins, muitas vezes escritos como 17, representam a parte do xelim. 3 centavos ou
pence, geralmente escritos como 3d, representam a parte de um centavo. Portanto, £17-17-3
significa 17 libras, 17 xelins e 3 centavos.

Apresente resposta às seguintes perguntas (com o auxílio de um tradutor online):

[EO11]
1-a) A pessoa trabalhadora é do sexo masculino ou feminino?
1-b) Relatar página, parágrafo, linha e a cópia do trecho que prova a afirmação.

2-a) Qual a idade da pessoa tralhadora descrita?

2-b) Relatar página, parágrafo, linha e a cópia do trecho que prova a afirmação.

[EO12]
3-a) O cálculo declara um consumo preciso de chá, açúcar, velas e sopa? Explique o grau de
precisão desse números conforme informações do próprio documento histórico.
3-b) Relatar página, parágrafo, linha e a cópia do trecho que prova a afirmação.

4-a) No paper disponível na Internet, ALLEN, Robert C. The High Wage Economy and the
Industrial Revolution: A Restatement. Moscow: Publishing House Delo RANEPA, 2013. 36 p.
(Working Paper: Economics), Robert Allen explica seus cálculos precisamente no tópico
“Calculating Real Wages”. A família-padrão da análise estatística de Allen tem os mesmos membros
que a família real encontrada no documento histórico in casu? O padrão de Allen bate com esse
documento em específico nessas páginas de “The State of the Poor…”?
4-b) Relatar página, parágrafo, linha e a cópia do trecho no documento primário que prova a
afirmação.
[Meio-ponto extra]
4-c) Relatar página, parágrafo, linha e a cópia do trecho no paper que prova a afirmação.
4-d) Nesta experiência de arquivo digitalizado, você pôde manusear e analisar uma fonte primária e
um paper científico [similar a um artigo científico]. Após esse contato, exponha suas anotações
pessoais sobre qual diferença entre um artigo científico e um documento histórico primário?
 ;

STATE OF THE POOR:

0 K,

AN HISTORY
0 F T H E

LABOURING CLASSES' IN ENGLAND,

FROM THE CONQUEST TO THE PRESENT PERIOD ;

In which are particularly confidered,

THEIR DOMESTIC ECONOMY,

WITH RESPECT TO
diet, dress, fuel, and HABITATION;
the various Plans which, from time to time, have been propofed, and adopted, for the
And
RELIEF of the POOR:
TOGETHER WITH

PAROCHIAL REPORTS
Relative to the Adminiftration of Work-houfes, and Houfcs of Induftry ; the
State of Friendly Societies ; and other Public Inftitutions in feveral ;

Agricultural, Commercial, and Manufadturing, DiftritSls.

WITH A LARGE APPENDIX;

,
CONTAINING
A COMPARATIVE AND CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE PRICES OF LABOUR, OF PROVISIONS,
AND OF OTHER COMMODITIES j AN ACCOUNT OF THE POOR IN SCOTLAND; AND MANY
ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS ON SUBJECTS OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE.

By Sir FREDERIC MORTON EDEN, Bart.

IN THREE VOLUMES.
VOL. II.

LONDON:
PRINTED BY J. DAVIS,
For B. & J. White, Fleet-llreet ; G. G. & J. Robinson, Paternofter-row ;
T. Payne, Mew’s-gate ;

R. Fauldbk, New Bond-ftreet; T. Egerton, Whitehall; J. Debrett, Piccadilly

and D. Bremner, Strand,

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 2

MIDDLESEX.---EALING, 433
The following is a ftatement of the earnings and expences of a labourer,
(aged about 40,) who is employed, regularly throughout the year, in a
gentleman’s fields and garden. His weekly wages, both in fummer and
winter, are iis. i or is. lod. a day: fometimes, however, his employer fets
him to work by the piece ;
at which time, his ufual wages are flopped, and
he is paid according to the work he performs. On thcfe occafions he eafily
earns 3s. a day. His extra-receipts from his mafter, on this account,
amounted lafl year to ox Befides which, he earns fomething by
little jobs for other people, out of work-hours; which, in fummer, are
from 6 till 6 ;
and, in winter, from day-light till dark.

This man has a wife, and 4 children, viz. a boy, 8; another, 6: a girl, 4;
and another, i
\ year old.

EARNINGS. d.

Regular weekly wages I IS. annually - - - 28 1 o

Extra- earnings from his mafler, annually about 6 o o
Ditto from other people, (fuppofe about) annually 3 o o
The wife does a little work in the hay harvefl ;
it may perhaps
amount to - - - - - I o o

Total income ^(*38 12 o

EXPENCES.
-f* d,
He pays for the rent of a cottage and fmall garden, is. 6d. a
week ;
annually - - - - 318 o
His family confumes, daily, a quartern loaf of wheaten-
bread, which, at the prefent price lod. amounts an-
nually to - - - - “^53 4
His ufual weekly confumption of meat Is is. 6 d. or 2S. : fup-
pofe IS. qd. : which amounts annually to - - 411 o
The weekly expence of fmall beer is 6d. for 4 quarts ;
an-
nually - - - - - I 6 o
A fmall quantity of cheefe is ufed in the family; fuppofe
annually - - - - -10 o

Carried over - ^^25 18 4

VoL. 11 .
434 PAROCHIAL REPORTS.
£ S, d,

Brought over - 25 18
,
4
The confumption of tea, fugar, candles, and foap
could not be afcertained ;
but may be rec-
koned, at a moderate calculation,
2 oz. of tea a week, at 4s. the lb.
annually - - " 19
2 lb. of fugar a week, at pd. the lb.

annually 3 1 8 o > Total annually 6 7 o

Soap, about lb. a week, at pd.
the lb. annually o 19
Candles, annually about o o I

His expence of coals in winter is one bulhel weekly, which,.

at IS. 6d. for 26 weeks, is, annually I 19
He ufes 2 'pair of fhoes in a year, which (at 7s. 6d. each pair,
and IS. m“ending,) coft annually 3 pair of ftock-
i'6s.

logs, (at 2S. a pair,) 6s.; an old coat, about ys. ; the'
yearly expence of fliirts may be eftimated at i os. ; and
^ ^ of other articles at the fame fum afleaft total annually o
:
9
His wife’s cioaths are not iuppofed to coft annually more than i o
The -2 eldeft children learn to read at a day-fchool at 3d. a
week, each ;
annually - - - , -
,1.

£39

Nothing is charged for cloathing the children ;

as the wife contrives to

provide them from her hufband’s old cioaths, and from the prefents of
linen, &c. which fhe receives on lyings-in, &c. Befides his regular pay,

the man is allowed, from his mafter’s garden, what potatoes and other vege-
tables he has occafion for, and about a quart of fkim-milk every morning
from the dairy: notwithftanding which, he complains heavily of the hard-
nefs of the times; he fays,' that his earnings are barely fufficient to pay
his now foliciting his mafter for_ an increafe of wages.
expences, and is

A Cumberland labourer, who was as well fupplied with vegetables, would

make'himfelf many a palatable difh, with onions, potatoes, and milk, and
•' - .
not
 MIDDLESEX.-^-EALlNG. 435
not expend above ^15. a year in houfe-keeping. With all the advantages
above enumerated, it is aftoniihing that this family (hould confume fo
large a quantity of the beft wheaten bread. This is however confidered
to be fo^elfential a part^ of the diet of a labourer in the Southern parts of
'England, that I am convinced, that any farmer, who attempted to vary the
'diet of his men, by the introduction of various palatable and nutritious
foups and puddings, would be confidered as a very hard-hearted fellow,
•whofe only view, in fo doing, was the promotion of his own intereft. If
the wife of this man was as economical in her kitchen, as her hufband
is induftrious- in the field, I have no doubt, that half their income might
be laid by, and their family as well fed as it is at prefent, upon a diet not

lefs wholfome, and what, I think, (from the variety of difhes that might be
prepared,) would foon prove more palatable, than bread for dinner, fix
days in the week^ and a fmall piece of plain roaft beef on a Sunday.
JtinCy 1796.

HAMPTON.
IN this parifh the Poor are partly relieved at home, and partly maintain-
-cd in a poor-houfe, which is fituated on Hampton Common, in an airy

fituation, on a gravelly foil. The number pf Paupers, at prefent, in the

houfe, are, 7 girls, 5 boys, 4 women, .-and i man ; total, 17 there are :

generally more in winter. In the laft winter,, there ^were 2 1 in the houfe ;
of which there died, chiefly owing to the inclemency.pf the weather, 4 old
perfons, and 1 -child. — The houfe-is under the direction of a man and his
wife, who receive a fmall falary from the parifh ;
befides which, they are

allowed 2S. 8d. per week, for ^very Pauper whom they feed. The food
feems wholfome and good ;
and is, certainly, much better than a labouring

man could afford his family : meat is ferved eyjsry d^y, with vegetables
from the garden, which the man is chiefly employed in cultivating. The
female Paupers -in this houfe are not content with the ample allowance of
food that is furnifhed them, and would be riotous^without tea every morn-
ing : this, however, is not allowed them by the -mafter ; who; when they

3 K 2 go