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Fraturas de Calcâneo
3 1
Conservador
•MALGAINE EM 1843
•BOHLER EM 1930
Histórico
DETERMINISMO
FATALISMO HISTÓRICO
Smith and Staple 1983
Crosby e Fitzgibbons em 1990
Anestesia
Técnicas AO
ATB
Fluoroscopia
Sanders em 1990
Epidemiologia
75% das fraturas são intrarticulares
2% de todas as fraturas
Fraturas Intrarticulares,
FACETA POSTERIOR
T.
Medial,
Extrarticu-
lar
Posterior CORPO, Tubérculo Lateral e Troclea, Extrarticular
do Terço do Terço Médio
Médio, EA
Tuberosidade do Calcaneo:
Extrarticular Posterior
Diagnóstico
História Clínica e Exame Físico
Tabagismo
Antecedentes: Diabete Melito Cirurgias Prévias
Idade
Nível de Atividade
Exame Físico:
Edema Flictena Alargamento de Retropé Importante
Bohler em 1930
Quedas de altura superior ( 1 - 2,40 m ), acidentes de trânsito
Posição do Retropé:
EVERSÃO INTRARTICULARES
INVERSÃO EXTRARTICULARES
TCE e Politraumas
Diagnóstico
Clínico
Raios - X
Oblíquas
AP
Perfil Axial
RM
Dois pés
RX Coluna Toracolombar
Raios X
100 º
BOHLER
GISSANE
25º – 40º
Tomografia Computadorizada
Planejamento Operatório
Classificação Tomográfica
Classificação
EXTRARTICULARES
INTRARTICULARES
Rowe: clássico
Fraturas Posteriores
Processo Anterior
Tubérculo Medial
Tuberosidade
Fraturas Estrarticulares
T. F.P.
Medial –
poucos
casos, ger.
conserva- CORPO, Tubérculo Lateral e Troclea : tto cons.
dor Tto conservador ou excisão se Pseudoartrose dolorosa
na maioria
TRÊS TIPOS/GRUPOS:
TOMOGRÁFICAS
RADIOGRÁFICAS AMBAS
• Crosby-Fitzgibbons
• OTA
•Essex- Lopresti • Sanders
•Rowe Tipos 1, 2 e 3
Grau 1
Grau 3
Grau 2
Grau 1 : mínimo desvio
Grau 2 : desvio maior que 2 mm
Grau 3 : múltiplos fragmentos
Tomográfica - Sanders
Tipo 2: 1 traço
2A 2B 2C
Tipo 3: 2 traços com 3 fragmentos
3AC 3AB 3BC
Tipo 4: múltiplos fragmentos
com desvio
Tratamento
Fraturas em Língua
na Classificação de Essex-Lopresti
Fusão Primária
Opção nas fraturas Sanders 4 ou
Fitzgibbons 3: experiência
do cirurgião
RAFI - Tratamento sugerido pré-op:
Combinadas
Pós-op
Divergências
Complicações
Lesões de Partes moles
Síndrome Compartimental
Precoces Lesões Neuvasculares
Distrofia Simpática
Cirúrgicas: Cicatrização
Infecção
Lesão de N. Sural/Tibial
Consolidação Viciosa
Tardias Impacto Fibular
Tto das Complicações
Tendinite Fibular
Artrose Subtalar / Anterior
Sequelas de Sind. Compart.
Pseudoartrose
Literatura Internacional
Cesta de Carangueijos
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
Operative Compared with Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 241–249
Nonoperative Treatment of
Displaced Intra-Articular © 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc., Philadelphia
Calcaneal Fractures
Investigation performed at the Calgary General Hospital, Calgary, Alberta; the Royal Columbia Hospital, New Westminster, British Columbia;
the Royal Victoria Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia; and The Victoria Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada
Background: Open reduction and internal fixation is the treatment of choice for displaced intra-articular calcaneal
fractures at many orthopaedic trauma centers. The purpose of this study was to determine whether open reduction
Conclusions: Without stratification of the groups, the functional results after nonoperative care of displaced
and internal fixation of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures results in better general and diseasespecific
intraarticular
health outcomes at two years after the injury compared with those after nonoperative management.
calcaneal fractures
Methods: were
Patients at equivalent
four trauma centers to those
were after to
randomized operative
operative orcare. However,
nonoperative care. Aafter unmasking
standard protocol, the data by
involving a lateral approach and rigid internal fixation, was used for operative care. Nonoperative treatment
removal of the
involved patients
no attempt whoreduction,
at closed were receiving Workers’
and the patients Compensation,
were treated the outcomes
only with ice, elevation, were significantly better
and rest. All
in fractures were classified, and the quality of the reduction was measured. Validated outcome measures included
the Short Form-36 (SF-36, a general health survey) and a visual analog scale (a disease-specific scale).
some groups of surgically treated patients.
Results: Between April 1991 and December 1997, 512 patients with a calcaneal fracture were treated. Of
those patients, 424 with 471 displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures were enrolled in the study. Three hundred
and nine patients (73%) were followed and assessed for a minimum of two years and a maximum of eight
years of follow-up. The outcomes after nonoperative treatment were not found to be different from those after
operative treatment; the score on the SF-36 was 64.7 and 68.7, respectively (p = 0.13), and the score on the
visual analog scale was 64.3 and 68.6, respectively (p = 0.12). However, the patients who were not receiving
Workers’ Compensation and were managed operatively had significantly higher satisfaction scores (p = 0.001).
Women who were managed operatively scored significantly higher on the SF-36 than did women who were managed
nonoperatively (p = 0.015). Patients who were not receiving Workers' Compensation and were younger
(less than twenty-nine years old), had a moderately lower Böhler angle (0° to 14°), a comminuted fracture, a
light workload, or an anatomic reduction or a step-off of ≤2 mm after surgical reduction (p = 0.04) scored significantly
higher on the scoring scales after surgery compared with those who were treated nonoperatively.
Conclusions: Without stratification of the groups, the functional results after nonoperative care of displaced intraarticular
calcaneal fractures were equivalent to those after operative care. However, after unmasking the data by
removal of the patients who were receiving Workers’ Compensation, the outcomes were significantly better in
some groups of surgically treated patients.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY
Julho - 1998
Avaliação preliminar do tratamento cirúrgico de fraturas intra-articulares do
calcâneo
AUTORES:DÉCIO CERQUEIRA DE MORAES FILHO1, EDISON PROVENZANO, JANEILSON
ROBERTO MATTOS, LÉLIO CARLI BATISTA, JOSÉ ANTONIO GALBIATTI, JOÃO CARLOS DUARTE
FERREIRA, ROBERTO RYUITI MIZOBUCHI, ALCIDES DURIGAN JÚNIOR
Julho - 1999
Tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas intra-articulares desviadas do calcâneo, através de
osteossíntese interna, sem enxerto ósseo*
Sanders 2A ou
Fitzgibbons 2
MASCULINO,32 ANOS QUEDA DE TELHADO
HÁ 2 HORAS. DOR + EDEMA ++/4+.
NÃO TABAGISTA.
2 mm
Casos Clínico 1
Masculino, 24 anos, queda de altura
Superior ( maior que 2,40 m ). Edema
Casos Clínico 2 retropé E com exposição óssea e de
partes moles medial
Casos Clínico 2
Dreno de Aspiração
0º
Alargamento
Casos Clínico 3
Casos Clínico 3
30º
Nossa Senhora do Socorro - Sergipe