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Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G., Conrad, S., & Finegan, E. (1999). Gramática
(https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&tl=pt&hl=pt-
BR&client=webapp&u=https://doi.org/10.1162/089120101300346831)
Presente simples: Use o presente simples para descrever uma verdade geral ou uma
ação habitual. Este tempo indica que a afirmação é geralmente verdadeira no passado,
presente e futuro.
Passado simples : Use o pretérito simples para descrever uma ação concluída que
ocorreu em um ponto específico no passado (por exemplo, ano passado, 1 hora atrás,
domingo passado). No exemplo abaixo, o momento específico no passado é 1998.
Presente perfeito: Use o presente perfeito para indicar uma ação que ocorreu em um
momento inespecífico do passado. Esta ação tem relevância no presente. O presente
perfeito às vezes também é usado para introduzir informações básicas em um
parágrafo. Após a primeira frase, o tempo verbal muda para o passado simples.
https://academicguides-waldenu-edu.translate.goog/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=pt-BR&_x_tr_pto=wap… 1/6
04/10/2023 10:48 Tempos verbais - Gramática - Guias Acadêmicos na Walden University
Futuro: Use o futuro para descrever uma ação que ocorrerá em um determinado
momento no futuro (na Walden, isso é usado especialmente ao escrever uma proposta
para um estudo final de doutorado).
Lembre-se de que os tempos verbais devem ser ajustados após a proposta, após a
conclusão da pesquisa. Consulte esta postagem do blog sobre a revisão da proposta para o
documento final (https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&tl=pt&hl=pt-
BR&client=webapp&u=http://waldenwritingcenter.blogspot.com/2013/07/revising-proposal-for-final-capstone.html)
Use the past tense (e.g., researchers presented) or the present perfect (e.g.,
researchers have presented) for the literature review and the description of the
procedure if discussing past events.
Use the past tense to describe the results (e.g., test scores improved significantly).
Use the present tense to discuss implications of the results and present
conclusions (e.g., the results of the study show…).
When explaining what an author or researcher wrote or did, use the past tense.
However, there can be a shift to the present tense if the research findings still hold true:
King (2010) found that revising a document three times improves the final grade.
Smith (2016) discovered that the treatment is effective.
https://academicguides-waldenu-edu.translate.goog/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=pt-BR&_x_tr_pto=wap… 2/6
04/10/2023 10:48 Tempos verbais - Gramática - Guias Acadêmicos na Walden University
Keep in mind, however, that the simple past is used for a completed action. It often is
used with signal words or phrases such as "yesterday," "last week," "1 year ago," or "in
2015" to indicate the specific time in the past when the action took place.
The present perfect focuses more on an action that occurred without focusing on the
specific time it happened. Note that the specific time is not given, just that the action has
occurred.
The present perfect is often used with signal words such as "since," "already," "just,"
"until now," "(not) yet," "so far," "ever," "lately," or "recently."
https://academicguides-waldenu-edu.translate.goog/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=pt-BR&_x_tr_pto=wap… 3/6
04/10/2023 10:48 Tempos verbais - Gramática - Guias Acadêmicos na Walden University
Conditionals:
Third conditional (things that did not happen in the past and their imaginary results)
Subjunctive: This form is sometimes used in that-clauses that are the object of certain
verbs or follow certain adjectives. The form of the subjective is the simple form of the
verb. It is the same for all persons and number.
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04/10/2023 10:48 Tempos verbais - Gramática - Guias Acadêmicos na Walden University
Gramática para escritores acadêmicos: tempos verbais comuns na redação acadêmica (transcrição do vídeo)
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BR&client=webapp&u=http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?g%3D465757%26p%3D5661617)
(https://translate.google.com/website?sl=en&tl=pt&hl=pt-
BR&client=webapp&u=http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?g%3D465757%26p%3D5661652)
Gramática para escritores acadêmicos: concordância avançada entre sujeito e verbo (transcrição do vídeo)
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BR&client=webapp&u=http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?g%3D465757%26p%3D5661642)
sl=en&tl=pt&hl=pt-BR&client=webapp&u=http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?
g%3D465757%26p%3D3437710)
sl=en&tl=pt&hl=pt-BR&client=webapp&u=http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?
g%3D465757%26p%3D3437739)
sl=en&tl=pt&hl=pt-BR&client=webapp&u=http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?
g%3D465757%26p%3D3437756)
sl=en&tl=pt&hl=pt-BR&client=webapp&u=http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?
g%3D465757%26p%3D3437783)
Recursos relacionados
edu.translate.goog/writingcenter/webinars/grammar?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=pt-
BR&_x_tr_pto=wapp#s-lg-box-2773851)
edu.translate.goog/writingcenter/webinars/grammar?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=pt-
BR&_x_tr_pto=wapp#s-lg-box-12020078)
_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=pt-BR&_x_tr_pto=wapp#s-lg-box-8548797)
https://academicguides-waldenu-edu.translate.goog/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=pt-BR&_x_tr_pto=wap… 5/6
04/10/2023 10:48 Tempos verbais - Gramática - Guias Acadêmicos na Walden University
Verificação de conhecimento
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04/10/2023 10:24 Verb Tenses - Grammar - Academic Guides at Walden University
Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G., Conrad, S., & Finegan, E. (1999). Longman
https://doi.org/10.1162/089120101300346831 (https://doi.org/10.1162/089120101300346831)
Caplan, N. A. (2012). Grammar choices for graduate and professional writers. University
of Michigan Press.
Simple present: Use the simple present to describe a general truth or a habitual action.
This tense indicates that the statement is generally true in the past, present, and future.
Example: The hospital admits patients whether or not they have proof of
insurance.
Simple past: Use the simple past tense to describe a completed action that took place at
a specific point in the past (e.g., last year, 1 hour ago, last Sunday). In the example
below, the specific point of time in the past is 1998.
Present perfect: Use the present perfect to indicate an action that occurred at a
nonspecific time in the past. This action has relevance in the present. The present perfect
is also sometimes used to introduce background information in a paragraph. After the
first sentence, the tense shifts to the simple past.
Future: Use the future to describe an action that will take place at a particular point in the
future (at Walden, this is used especially when writing a proposal for a doctoral capstone
study).
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses#s-lg-box-2825896 1/5
04/10/2023 10:25 Verb Tenses - Grammar - Academic Guides at Walden University
Keep in mind that verb tenses should be adjusted after the proposal after the research
has been completed. See this blog post about Revising the Proposal for the Final Capstone Document
(http://waldenwritingcenter.blogspot.com/2013/07/revising-proposal-for-final-capstone.html) for more
information.
Use the past tense (e.g., researchers presented) or the present perfect (e.g.,
researchers have presented) for the literature review and the description of the
procedure if discussing past events.
Use the past tense to describe the results (e.g., test scores improved significantly).
Use the present tense to discuss implications of the results and present
conclusions (e.g., the results of the study show…).
When explaining what an author or researcher wrote or did, use the past tense.
However, there can be a shift to the present tense if the research findings still hold true:
King (2010) found that revising a document three times improves the final grade.
Smith (2016) discovered that the treatment is effective.
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses#s-lg-box-2825896 2/5
04/10/2023 10:25 Verb Tenses - Grammar - Academic Guides at Walden University
Keep in mind, however, that the simple past is used for a completed action. It often is
used with signal words or phrases such as "yesterday," "last week," "1 year ago," or "in
2015" to indicate the specific time in the past when the action took place.
The present perfect focuses more on an action that occurred without focusing on the
specific time it happened. Note that the specific time is not given, just that the action has
occurred.
The present perfect is often used with signal words such as "since," "already," "just,"
"until now," "(not) yet," "so far," "ever," "lately," or "recently."
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses#s-lg-box-2825896 3/5
04/10/2023 10:25 Verb Tenses - Grammar - Academic Guides at Walden University
Conditionals:
Third conditional (things that did not happen in the past and their imaginary results)
Subjunctive: This form is sometimes used in that-clauses that are the object of certain
verbs or follow certain adjectives. The form of the subjective is the simple form of the
verb. It is the same for all persons and number.
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses#s-lg-box-2825896 4/5
04/10/2023 10:25 Verb Tenses - Grammar - Academic Guides at Walden University
Grammar for Academic Writers: Common Verb Tenses in Academic Writing (video transcript)
(http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?g=465757&p=5661617)
(http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?g=465757&p=5661652)
(http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/c.php?g=465757&p=5661642)
g=465757&p=3437710)
g=465757&p=3437739)
g=465757&p=3437756)
g=465757&p=3437783)
Related Resources
(https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/webinars/grammar#s-lg-box-2773851)
(https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/webinars/grammar#s-lg-box-12020078)
Knowledge Check
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