Unidade III

LÍNGUA INGLESA: ASPECTOS DISCURSIVOS

Profa. Silvana Rocha

Idioms

 Segundo Collis (2007), as pessoas que falam inglês como

língua estrangeira costumam sentir dificuldade quando
se deparam com expressões idiomáticas.
Por que isso ocorre?
 Porque há uma tentativa frustrante de tentar compreender
as expressões pensando no significado de cada uma de
suas partes.
Idioms

 As expressões encerram em si um sentido único, não

detectável a partir da tradução ou compreensão de
cada um de seus componentes lexicais.
 Exemplo: kick the bucket.
 Se considerarmos o sentido de cada palavra, teremos
“chutar o balde”.
 No entanto, essa expressão não tem esse significado.
 Kick the bucket = morrer.
Idioms

 A: Have you seen Freddy recently?

 B: Oh! Don’t you know? Freddie kicked the
bucket two months ago. He had a heart attack.
Idioms

Examples:
 Hot under the collar.

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_F91XpngCLn8/TTnjjj86pNI/AAAAAAAAAfs/
9IxYMDVechc/s400/mujerGritando.jpg
Idioms

 Kick the bucket.

Idioms

 Smell a rat.

http://cdn.elhombre.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/confian%C3%A7a-2-600x400.jpg
Idioms

 Let sleeping dogs lie.

http://top10mais.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/voz-tremula.jpg?d5db2e
Idioms

Others:
 Couch potato;
 Shoot the breeze;
 Straight from the horse’s mouth;
 Piece of cake;
 Pull one’s leg.
Interatividade

Observe the picture and decide which

idiom describes the person in it:

a) Smell a rat.
http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/
b) Let sleeping dogs lie. 00446/news-graphics-2007-_446667a.jpg

c) Couch potato.
d) Wet blanket.
e) Kick the bucket.
Resposta

Observe the picture and decide which

idiom describes the person in it:

a) Smell a rat.
http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/
b) Let sleeping dogs lie. 00446/news-graphics-2007-_446667a.jpg

c) Couch potato.
d) Wet blanket.
e) Kick the bucket.
Collocations

 Em uma collocation, cada constituinte tem um valor semântico,

ainda que não corresponda à tradução
literal que fazemos da palavra.
 Por exemplo, se quisermos dizer em inglês que
um casal teve uma discussão feia, a frase é:
 The couple had a hot argument.
 Ou seja, “discussão feia” não equivale a
ugly argument, mas sim a hot argument.
Collocations

 As palavras hot e argument são colocadas lado a lado.

 É assim que soa natural aos falantes nativos da Língua Inglesa
e, consequentemente, mais fluente e adequado
em termos comunicativos.
Vamos a mais exemplos?
Collocations

Motorista distraído = reckless driver

(e não distracted driver).

No final da década de 1990 = in the late nineties

(e não in the end of the nineties).

De manhã cedo = early morning

(e não in the morning early).
Collocations

Durma bem = sleep tight (e não sleep well).

Pneu furado = flat tire (e não tire with a hole).

Fazer um curso = take a course (e não do a course).

Collocations

Marcar um compromisso = set an appointment

(e não mark an appointment).

Boa viagem = safe journey (e não good trip).

Ir ao médico = see a doctor (e não go to a doctor).

Collocations

Podemos sistematizar as informações sobre as collocations

acrescentando que elas podem ser formadas por:
 adverb + adjective:
The en-suite rooms in Hilton Hotel are richly decorated.
 noun + noun:
He gave me a bunch of flowers in our wedding anniversary.
 adjective + noun:
Most people in Africa live in critical situation.
Collocations

 verb + adjective:
I hadn’t seen him for a long time so I got
very surprised to realize he’s gone grey.
 verb + noun:
Would you like to have dinner with me?
 verb + expression with prepositon:
She burst into tears when her husband told
her he would work abroad for over 60 days.
 adverb + verb:
We strongly recommend the vegetarian lasagna.
Collocations

 Esteja atento e preparado para registrar as combinações

que você encontrará a partir de hoje. Elas estão em todo lugar:
nas aulas, nos textos, nas músicas, nos filmes.
 Ao entrar em contato com uma nova palavra, não pense
nela como uma estrutura isolada – procure conhecer quais são
suas “melhores amigas” (as collocations ou collocates)
e registre essas novas combinações.
 Procure revisar seu vocabulário e pratique
conversação com outros alunos ou amigos.
Collocations

 E, é claro, use as collocations que você quer aprender.

 A prática é fundamental! Mergulhe de cabeça no assunto!
 Livro: Por que assim e não assado?,
de Denilso de Lima (2007).

http://cover.livrariacultura.com.br/imagens/imagem/capas_lg/045/2224045.jpg
Interatividade

According to the use of collocations,

which is the best way to say “errar”?
a) Have a mistake.
b) Make a mistake.
c) Take a mistake.
d) Do a mistake.
e) Go mistake.
Resposta

According to the use of collocations,

which is the best way to say “errar”?
a) Have a mistake.
b) Make a mistake.
c) Take a mistake.
d) Do a mistake.
e) Go mistake.
Functions

 Functions ou funções comunicativas são formas

de aplicar as estruturas da língua para a comunicação
em contextos sociais específicos.
Functions

 Convite:
Would you like to dance?
I’d like to invite you to a party.
Could you come here to have lunch?
 Aceitando um convite:
Thank you!
I’d love to.
Oh, that’s nice of you!
Sure! That sounds like fun!
Sure, why not?
Functions

 Recusando um convite:
I’m sorry I can’t.
Thanks, but I am busy that night.
That’s very kind of you, but I have to study for University tests.
Sorry, but I have to work until late.
 Expressando surpresa:
No!
Wow!
That’s incredible!
You’re kidding!
Good grief!
Functions

 Expressando descontentamento e irritação:

Oh, no!
I can’t believe you!
Sorry but I’m not ok.
I am down, sorry.
Leave me alone!
Interatividade

Which alternative presents a function

related to “refusing an invitation”?
a) Sure! You can count on me!
b) Unfortunately I’ll have to decline.
c) Oh, leave me alone!
d) In my opinion, I think you should choose the red one.
e) I’d love to! What time are you coming to pick me up?
Resposta

Which alternative presents a function

related to “refusing an invitation”?
a) Sure! You can count on me!
b) Unfortunately I’ll have to decline.
c) Oh, leave me alone!
d) In my opinion, I think you should choose the red one.
e) I’d love to! What time are you coming to pick me up?
Functions

 Expressando opinião:
In my opinion…
As I see it…
From my point of view…
If you ask me what I think, well, I’d say…
I believe…
Functions

 Pedido:
Could I possibly use your phone, please?
Would you mind if I use your phone?
May I take a look at your newspaper, please?
Do you think I can take a look at your newspaper, sir?
Would you mind closing the door?
Functions

 Perguntando sobre habilidades:

Can you write and type letters?
Can you use a computer?
Can you speak English fluently?
Can you speak another foreign language
such as French or Spanish?
Can you play the piano?
Can you understand Chinese?
Functions

Peter: Susan, how do you see globalization?

Susan: Well Peter, if you ask me… well, I think it’s great!
We can talk to people all over the world,
make friends and the most important:
I believe that globalization helps us learn about
other countries and about different cultures!
http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/x/globo-terrestre-10648641.jpg
Functions

Sandra: Maria, tell me what you think about

the government new economic policies.
Maria: Well, from my point of view, I think
the government is doing the right thing.
Functions

Teacher: What’s your opinion about the Internet?

Student: I think it is great! I love surfing on the web
and discovering new things every day.
Interatividade

Choose the alternative with the sentence

used to invite someone for something:
a) Will everyone be pitching in with some food?
b) What should we wear?
c) The party will be at Jay’s house outside by the pool.
d) We were wondering if you would like to come
to Mary’s birthday party next Saturday.
e) Robert, are you going to be in town this weekend?
Resposta

Choose the alternative with the sentence

used to invite someone for something:
a) Will everyone be pitching in with some food?
b) What should we wear?
c) The party will be at Jay’s house outside by the pool.
d) We were wondering if you would like to come
to Mary’s birthday party next Saturday.
e) Robert, are you going to be in town this weekend?
ATÉ A PRÓXIMA!