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21 Costaetal2013EB
21 Costaetal2013EB
Marion Pereira da Costa1*, Celso Fasura Balthazar1, Rodrigo Vilela de Barros Pinto
Moreira2, Adriano Gomes da Cruz3, Carlos Adam Conte Júnior4
1
Mestrandos, Faculdade Veterinária da Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ.Brasil.
2
Graduando, Faculdade Veterinária da Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ,Brasil.
3
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ),
Mestrado Profissional em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PGCTA), RJ, Brasil.
4
Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos. Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade
Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
*
Autor para correspondência e-mail: marionpdc@hotmail.com
Recebido em: 06/05/2013 – Aprovado em: 17/06/2013 – Publicado em: 01/07/2013
RESUMO
ENCICLOPÉDIA BIOSFERA, Centro Científico Conhecer - Goiânia, v.9, N.16; p. 1387 2013
FERMENTED MILK: POTENTIAL FUNCTIONAL FOOD
ABSTRACT
The fermented milk has a high potential in the development of new products,
particularly related to health and the convenience of use. Recently, the food industry
has exploited this matrix due to its characteristics, which allows the functional viability
of the added ingredients, the acceptability of dairy products, and the relationship that
consumers do with the aspect of healthiness. Functional foods are every foods or
beverages consumed in the daily diet, which provide specific physiological benefits
due to the presence of biologically active compounds. These foods can be classified
according to the food itself or as bioactive components present in it such as, for
example, probiotics, prebiotics and functional compounds. Probiotics are live
microorganisms, when ingested in adequate amounts confer a health benefit of the
host. Whilst prebiotics are fermentable carbohydrates, which allow selectively and
specific changes in diversity and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota,
resulting in benefits to the wellbeing and health of the host. In this same context, the
functional compounds are inserted, such as conjugated linoleic acid, folate, choline
and polyamines. However, it should be noted that to obtain these benefits,
consumers should intake a minimum dose of daily consumption of these functional
products, associated with a habit of healthy lifestyle which includes regular exercise
and a balanced diet.
KEYWORDS: Probiotics, prebiotic, functional compounds.
INTRODUÇÃO
ALIMENTOS FUNCIONAIS
PROBIÓTICOS
Benefícios à saúde
Uma série de benefícios à saúde são atribuidos aos produtos que possuem
probióticos, incluindo: atividade antimicrobiana; controle de micro-organismos
patogênicos (LAHTINEN et al., 2012); hidrólise da lactose; modulação da
constipação; atividade antimutagênica e anticarcinogênica (DENIPOTE et al, 2010;
KUMAR et al., 2011); redução do colesterol sanguíneo, melhora do quadro de
pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 (resistência a insulina) e obesidade (ARONSSON et
al., 2010; AN et al., 2011; NAITO et al., 2011); modulação do sistema imune;
melhoria na doença inflamatória do intestino; e supressão de Helicobacter
pyloriinfection (SHAH, 2000; MYLLYLUOMA et al., 2005; SALMINEN et al., 2010).
Alguns destes benefícios já são bem estabelecidos, como a modulação da
constipação e hidrólise da lactose, enquanto outros benefícios têm mostrado
resultados promissores em modelos animais, necessitando ainda de mais estudos
clínicos.
Deve-se salientar que estes benefícios à saúde são transmitidos por
linhagens probióticas específicas, e não por espécie ou gênero específicos. E ainda,
que cada linhagem esta relacionada com um determinado benefício. Desta forma,
nenhuma cepa irá fornecer todos os benefícios propostos. Como por exemplo, o
Lactobacillus casei linhagem Shirota, no qual há evidências suficientes que apoiam a
ENCICLOPÉDIA BIOSFERA, Centro Científico Conhecer - Goiânia, v.9, N.16; p. 1391 2013
visão de que sua administração por via oral é capaz de auxiliar na digestão e
absorção dos nutrientes e restabelecer o equilíbrio normal da microbiota intestinal
(CATS et al., 2003). Outros fatores relevantes são adição de misturas de culturas
probióticas, ao invés de cepas individuais (CHAPMAN & GIBSON, 2011), e o
número de células viáveis destes micro-organismos no produto comercializado.
PREBIÓTICOS
Inulina
Fruto-oligossacarídeos
ENCICLOPÉDIA BIOSFERA, Centro Científico Conhecer - Goiânia, v.9, N.16; p. 1393 2013
Benefícios à saúde
COMPOSTOS FUNCIONAIS
Folato
Colina
CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS
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