Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Tratamento
Vander Poorten V, Bradley PJ, Takes RP, et al. Diagnosis and management of parotid carcinoma with a special focus on recent advances in
molecular biology. Head Neck 2012;34:429-440.
Tratamento
• Cirurgia
• Radioterapia
• Quimioterapia
Cirurgia
Cirurgia
• Tratamento padrão
• Abordagem depende:
• local tumor
• tipo histológico
• acometimento nodal
• Esvaziamento cervical:
• N+ Sempre
• N0 T3 e T4, alto grau
Vander Poorten V, Bradley PJ, Takes RP, et al. Diagnosis and management of parotid carcinoma with a special focus on recent advances in
molecular biology. Head Neck 2012;34:429-440.
Cirurgia
Parótida
• EC desnecessário
• N. facial é preservado
Shah K, Javed F, Alcock C, et al. Parotid cancer treatment with surgery followed by radiotherapy in Oxford over 15 years. Ann R Coll Surg Engl.
2011 Apr;93(3):218-22.
Cirurgia
Parótida
•Tumores malignos profundos Parotidectomia total
•N. facial:
• Tentar preservar, exceto se envolvido
• Reparo simultâneo
Shah K, Javed F, Alcock C, et al. Parotid cancer treatment with surgery followed by radiotherapy in Oxford over 15 years. Ann R Coll Surg Engl.
2011 Apr;93(3):218-22.
Cirurgia
Noh et al.
•N=94 pcts.
•T1 – T4
•FU 49 meses
Cirurgia + RxT
X
Cirurgia
Noh JM, Ahn YC, Nam H, et al. Treatment Results of Major Salivary Gland Cancer by Surgery with or without Postoperative Radiation Therapy.
Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2010 Jun;3(2):96-101.
Cirurgia
Resultados:
Conclusão: Pacientes com tu. de gl. salivares maiores em estágio inicial com
baixo risco podem ser eficazmente tratados por cirurgia sozinho, e aqueles com
fatores de risco podem conseguir um excelente controle local adicionando RxT
adjuvante.
Noh JM, Ahn YC, Nam H, et al. Treatment Results of Major Salivary Gland Cancer by Surgery with or without Postoperative Radiation Therapy.
Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2010 Jun;3(2):96-101.
Cirurgia
Esvaziamento cervical
•LNF palpável
•Dç avançada (T3/T4)
•Tu de alto grau
•Paralisia facial
•Sem indicação de EC contralateral
•EC níveis I, II e III
Shah K, Javed F, Alcock C, et al. Parotid cancer treatment with surgery followed by radiotherapy in Oxford over 15 years. Ann R Coll Surg Engl.
2011 Apr;93(3):218-22.
Nobis CP, Rohleder NH, Wolff KD, et al. Head and Neck Salivary Gland Carcinomas-Elective Neck Dissection, Yes or No? J Oral
Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Jul 25. pii: S0278-2391(13)00530-2.
Cirurgia
Armstrong et al.
•N=474 pcts.
•Pcts sem evidência de Mtx a distância
•Avaliar fatores de risco que indicam EC
•Resultados:
• N+: 14%
• pN+ patologia: 12%
Armstrong JG, Harrison LB, Thaler HT, Friedlander-Klar H, Fass DE, Zelefsky MJ, Shah JP, et al. The indications for elective treatment of the
neck in cancer of the major salivary glands. Cancer. 1992 Feb 1;69(3):615-9.
Cirurgia
Armstrong JG, Harrison LB, Thaler HT, Friedlander-Klar H, Fass DE, Zelefsky MJ, Shah JP, et al. The indications for elective treatment of the
neck in cancer of the major salivary glands. Cancer. 1992 Feb 1;69(3):615-9.
Cirurgia
Herman et al.
•N=59 pcts.
•N0 clinicamente
Herman MP, Werning JW, Morris CG, et al. Elective neck management for high-grade salivary gland carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013 May-
Jun;34(3):205-8.
Cirurgia
Resultados:
Herman MP, Werning JW, Morris CG, et al. Elective neck management for high-grade salivary gland carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013 May-
Jun;34(3):205-8.
Cirurgia
Conclusão: Pcts com tu. gl salivares alto grau e LN-, que receberão cirurgia
seguido de RxT, não se beneficiam de ECE.
Herman MP, Werning JW, Morris CG, et al. Elective neck management for high-grade salivary gland carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013 May-
Jun;34(3):205-8.
Cirurgia
Submandibular
•Dissecção do triângulo submandibular
•Cirurgia alargada
• Invasão perineural
• Acometimento ósseo
• LN +
Bell RB, Dierks EJ, Homer L, Potter BE. Management and outcome of patients with malignant salivary gland tumors. J Oral Maxillofac Surg
2005;63:917-928.
Cirurgia
Submandibular
Bell RB, Dierks EJ, Homer L, Potter BE. Management and outcome of patients with malignant salivary gland tumors. J Oral Maxillofac Surg
2005;63:917-928.
Cirurgia
Copelli C, Bianchi B, Ferrari S, et al. Malignant tumors of intraoral minor salivary glands. Oral Oncol 2008;44:658-663.
Cirurgia
Contra-indicações:
• Comorbidades ou recusa
• Metástase à distância
• Tumores irresecáveis
Kallianpur A, Yadav R, Shukla NK, et al. Locally advanced salivary duct carcinoma of the parotid gland. Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Jul;2(2):178-
81.
Radioterapia
Radioterapia
Indicações:
•Margens exíguas ou positivas
•Alto grau
•LN +
Kallianpur A, Yadav R, Shukla NK, et al. Locally advanced salivary duct carcinoma of the parotid gland. Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Jul;2(2):178-
81.
Radioterapia
Chung et al.
•N= 37 pcts.
•Não adenóide cístico
•FU 4,7 anos RxT adjuvante
•Resultados:
•CL 05 anos → 97%
•SG 05 anos → 76%
Chung MP, Tang C, Chan C, et al. Radiotherapy for nonadenoid cystic carcinomas of major salivary glands. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013 Apr 11.
Radioterapia
CL
SG
Chung MP, Tang C, Chan C, et al. Radiotherapy for nonadenoid cystic carcinomas of major salivary glands. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013 Apr 11.
Radioterapia
Irradiação cervical
•Indicações:
• LN +
• Tumores grandes
• Alto grau
• Ressecção incompleta
•LN+ → EC + RxT
•LN- → Alto risco de LN oculto → EC se LN+ → RxT
Herman MP, Werning JW, Morris CG, et al. Elective neck management for high-grade salivary gland carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013 May-
Jun;34(3):205-8.
Radioterapia
Chen et al.
•N= 251 pcts.
•N0 clinicamente
•Nenhum pct. realizou EC
Cirurgia + RxT
Chen AM, Garcia J, Lee NY, et al. Patterns of nodal relapse after surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for carcinomas of the major and
minor salivary glands: what is the role of elective neck irradiation? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Mar 15;67(4):988-94.
Radioterapia
Resultados:
•ICE reduziu a taxa de falha nodal em 10 anos de 26% para 0%
Chen AM, Garcia J, Lee NY, et al. Patterns of nodal relapse after surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for carcinomas of the major and
minor salivary glands: what is the role of elective neck irradiation? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Mar 15;67(4):988-94.
Radioterapia
Conclusão: Irradiação cervical eletiva impede efetivamente falha nodal e deve ser
usado para selecionar pacientes com alto risco de fracasso regional.
Chen AM, Garcia J, Lee NY, et al. Patterns of nodal relapse after surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for carcinomas of the major and
minor salivary glands: what is the role of elective neck irradiation? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Mar 15;67(4):988-94.
Radioterapia
Exclusiva
•Indicações:
• Tumor irressecável
• Paciente inoperável
• Recidiva
Chen AM et al. Long-term outcome of patiens treated by radiation therapy alone for salivary gland carcinomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
2006; 66: 1044-1050
Radioterapia
Chen et al.
•N=45 pcts.
•SED cervical clínica
RxT exclusiva
•Dose média: 66 – 70Gy
Resultados: CL em 10 anos
• T1/T2 → 81% e T3/T4 → 39%
• Gld menores: 44%
• Gld maiores: 65%
Chen AM, Bucci MK, Quivey JM, et al. Long-term outcome of patiens treated by radiation therapy alone for salivary gland carcinomas. Int J
Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 66: 1044-1050
Radioterapia
Chen AM, Bucci MK, Quivey JM, et al. Long-term outcome of patiens treated by radiation therapy alone for salivary gland carcinomas. Int J
Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 66: 1044-1050
Técnicas de RxT
Técnicas de RxT
Posicionamento
•Decúbito dorsal
•Máscara
•Suporte sob o pescoço
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Técnicas de RxT
Parótida
•Doença residual mínima: 60Gy
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Técnicas de RxT
Campos Angulados
•Homolaterais
•Par de filtros
•Energias: cobalto, 4MV- 6MV
•Limites:
• Superior: ao nível do arco zigomático
• Inferior: borda superior da cartilagem tireóide
• Anterior: borda anterior do músculo masséter
• Posterior: processo mastóide
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Técnicas de RxT
Campos Angulados
Desvantagens:
Vantagens:
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Técnicas de RxT
Campo Direto
•Leito parotídeo + cicatriz cirúrgica + cadeias linfáticas cervicais superiores
•Até 5 cm de profundidade
•Elétrons de 12-16 MeV
•Fótons de cobalto, 4 ou 6 Mv
80% elétrons + 20% fótons
Vantagens:
•Poupar gl. contra-lateral
•↓ mucosite
•↓ radiodermite
Kim JY, Lee S, Cho KJ, et al. Treatment results of post-operative radiotherapy in patients with salivary duct carcinoma of the major salivary
glands. Br J Radiol. 2012 Oct;85(1018):e947-52.
Técnicas de RxT
Campo Direto
Bólus de 1 a 2 cm
Kim JY, Lee S, Cho KJ, et al. Treatment results of post-operative radiotherapy in patients with salivary duct carcinoma of the major salivary
glands. Br J Radiol. 2012 Oct;85(1018):e947-52.
Técnicas de RxT
•Indicações:
• Quando acomete o lobo profundo
• Extensão do tumor próximo a linha média
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Técnicas de RxT
3D Conformacional
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Técnicas de RxT
Submandibular
Volume:
•Leito submandibular
•Pescoço ipsilateral
Dose:
•66 – 70Gy adjuvante
•Excluir medula após 45 Gy
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Técnicas de RxT
Submandibular
Técnicas:
•Campo direto
•Elétrons de 12 ou 20MeV + fótons de 4, 6 ou Co 60
Limites:
•Superior: comissura labial / art. têmporo-mandibular
•Anterior: determinado pela extensão da cirurgia
•Inferior: cartilagem tireóide
•Posterior: processo mastóide
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Técnicas de RxT
•Exceção:
• Adenóide-cístico: incluir trajeto do nervo
Simpson joseph. Salivary Glands. Section 3 - Clinical Radiation Oncology. Part D - Head and Neck Tumors. In: Perez, CA.; Brady, L W.;
Halperin, EC. Principles & Practice of Radiation Oncology, 4a Ed, Philadelphia: LWW. 2008, Chap. 36, p. 976-996.
Caso Clínico
Caso Clínico
• Id: J.E.C, 40 anos, masculino, mecânico
• QP: ´´Caroço atrás da orelha``
• HDA: Paciente refere surgimento de nódulo em região posterior da orelha E
há 10 anos, sendo submetido a procedimento cirúrgico em 2002, sem biópsia
da lesão. Paciente relata que após 02 anos, observou crescimento
progressivo de volume no leito operado, tendo procurado Dermatologista em
2009, que considerou ´´queloide``, sendo tratado com tópicos. Foi
encaminhado ao cirurgião de CP, onde foi submetido a Parotidectomia E +
EC em julho de 2011.
• Poliquimioterapia:
• Ciclofosfamida + Doxorrubicina + Cisplatina
• Cisplatina + Doxorrubicina + 5-FU
•
• Sem significância efetiva na sobrevida (?)
Debaere D, Vander Poorten V, Nuyts S, et al. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in advanced salivary gland cancer. B-ENT
2011;7:1-6.
Laurie SA, Licitra L. Systemic therapy in the palliative management of advanced salivary gland cancers. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Jun
10;24(17):2673-8.
Quimioterapia
RTOG 1008
•Estudo prospectivo randomizado fase II
• T1-T2, N0 margens+
• T3-T4
• N1-N3
RxT + QT
RxT
60-66Gy/2Gy dia X
60-66Gy/2Gy dia
cisplatina
Toxicidades
Bree R, van der Waal I, Leemans CR. Management of Frey syndrome. Head Neck. 2007;29(8):773.
Nouraei SA, Ismail Y, Ferguson MS, et al. Analysis of complications following surgical treatment of benign parotid disease. ANZ J Surg.
2008;78(3):134.
Toxicidades
Avila JL, Grundmann O, Burd R, Limesand KH. Radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction results from p53-dependent apoptosis. Int J Radiat
Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;73(2):523.
Deasy JO, Moiseenko V, Marks L, et al. Radiotherapy dose-volume effects on salivary gland function. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010;76(3
Suppl):S58.
Toxicidades
Debaere D, Vander Poorten V, Nuyts S, et al. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in advanced salivary gland cancer. B-ENT
2011;7:1-6.
Ross PJ, Teoh EM, A'Hern R P, et al. Epirubicin, cisplatin and protracted venous infusion 5-Fluorouracil chemotherapy for advanced salivary
adenoid cystic carcinoma. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2009;21:311-314.
Para ficar na memória!!!
Resumindo
Cirurgia
•Terapia de escolha
•Ressecção completa – se possível
•EC: N+, tipo histológico, alto grau, T3/T4
Radioterapia
•Adjuvante: 60Gy
•Exclusiva: 70Gy
•Melhora CL e SV
•Campos: angulados, direto e paralelos opostos
•Irradiação cervical: N+, alto grau, ressecção incompleta, tu. Grandes
Quimioterapia
•Paliativa
•Associada a Rxt
•Esquemas c/ platina
NCCN® Practice Guidelines in Oncology – v.2.2013
Obrigado!!!