CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF MOZAMBIQUE

DISTANCE EDUCATION INSTITUTE - DEI

Nampula Resource Center

CONDITIONALS, COMPARATIVES AND TYPES OF FAMILIES.

Name: João Estevão

Student Code: 708212033

Course : Chemistry graduation

Subject: English Subject

Year of Attendance: 1st
Stream: K.

Nampula, May 2022

 CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF MOZAMBIQUE

DISTANCE EDUCATION INSTITUTE - DEI

Nampula Resource Center

CONDITIONALS, COMPARATIVES AND TYPES OF FAMILIES.

Name: João Estevão

Student Code: 708212033

Work presented to University Catholic De Mozambique

for the Degree in Chemistry, in the English course. This
work is of an evaluative nature.

Teacher: Moises Dube

Nampula, May 2022

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 V

ÍNDICE
1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 6
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Conditionals ................................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 The Zero Conditional: ............................................................................................................. 7
If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils. ........................................................................................ 7
2.1.2 The First Conditional: ............................................................................................................. 7
2.1.3 The Second Conditional: ......................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Comparative ................................................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Family ............................................................................................................................................ 8
4.0 THREE (3) DIFFERENT FORMS OF COMPARATIVES. ............................................................. 8
4.1 form I: One syllable........................................................................................................................ 8
4.2 form II: Two-syllable ..................................................................................................................... 9
4.3 form III: Two-syllable Part II ......................................................................................................... 9
5.0 TWO TYPES OF FAMILIES .......................................................................................................... 10
5.1 Concepts ....................................................................................................................................... 10
5.1.1. Traditional Family ................................................................................................................ 10
5.1.2 Modern Family ...................................................................................................................... 10
5.2 Compare and contrast between traditional family and Modern ................................................... 10
5.3 Advantages and Disadvantages .................................................................................................... 11
5.3.1 Traditional Family ................................................................................................................. 11
5.3.2 Modern Family ...................................................................................................................... 11
CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................................... 13
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................. 14
 6

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The present research work of the General Psychology chair, which is carried out as the result
of the second session of the tutorial, of the degree in chemistry. Work on the following topic:
conditionals, comparatives and types of families.

Due to the scientific nature that governs a work of this kind, it follows the following graphic
pattern: Cover, front page, feedback sheet and improvement recommendations, index,
introduction, development, conclusion and bibliography.

However, the present work becomes recommendable and important for the student, as it was a
way through which it was possible to carry out a study on conditionals, comparatives and
types of families.

General objectives:

Clearly resolve the exercises on conditionals, comparatives and types of families.

Specific objectives;

Identify the Conditionals;

Describe three different forms of comparatives;
Compare and contrast the two types of families we have today including the
advantages and disadvantages. What influences people to have the type of family we
have today.

Methodology

To carry out this research, the method of consultation or bibliographic review was applied, as
a way to better achieve the scientific expectations of the subject under study.
 7

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Conditionals

What are conditionals in English grammar? Sometimes we call them 'if clauses'. According to
Greenbaum S (1996) “They describe the result of something that might happen (in the present
or future) or might have happened but didn't (in the past). They are made using different
English verb tenses.” (p.630)

According to Greenbaum S (1996) there are four main kinds of conditionals:

2.1.1 The Zero Conditional:

(if + present simple, ... present simple)

If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.

2.1.2 The First Conditional:

(if + present simple, ... will + infinitive)

If it rains tomorrow, we'll go to the cinema.

2.1.3 The Second Conditional:

(if + past simple, ... would + infinitive)

If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.

2.1.4 The Third Conditional

(if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle)

If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train.

Notice we can put 'if' at the beginning, or in the middle. It doesn't matter at all.
 8

2.2 Comparative

“The Comparative is the form of an adjective or adverb used to compare two things. To create
a comparative, remember that with short adjectives add -er to the end, and longer ones use
more before the adjective:” (Greenbaum S (1996, p.450)

EG: The Nile is longer than the Amazon. - Long >> Longer

2.3 Family

I understand that family is a group of people who share common ancestors or a basic social
unit comprised of parents and their children.

3.0 Match of the two halves of the sentences below

If you leave now, C .you will catch the 8.00 Am train.

I The ticket will be cheaper, D. If you travel after 9.0

II lf l don't see you this afternoon, G. I' ll call you this evening.

III You'll learn more quickly, E. if you come to every class.

IV If you get that new job, F. will you earn more money?

V You won't pass your driving test, A. if you don't have enough lessons.

VI If I lend you this book, B. wiII you give it back to me soon?

4.0 THREE (3) DIFFERENT FORMS OF COMPARATIVES.

4.1 form I: One syllable

One syllable adjectives generally form the comparative by adding –er

The one syllable comparative is used for adjective who has just one syllable, for example we
have this adjectives:

Adjective Comparative Example

thin Thinner Hi Steve. You look thinner. Did you lose weigh
dry Drier The climate is gradually becoming drier and warmer.

Note that if a one-syllable adjective ends in a single vowel letter followed by a single
consonant letter, the consonant letter is doubled, e.g. thin - thinner/thinnest, big -
bigger/biggest.
 9

If an adjective ends in -e, this is removed when adding -er/-est, e.g. wide - wider/widest.

If an adjective ends in a consonant followed by -y, -yis replaced by -iwhen adding -er/-est,
e.g. dry - drier/driest.

4.2 form II: Two-syllable

Two-syllable adjectives which end in -y usually form the comparative by adding –er.

Adjective Comparative Example

lucky luckier I am luckier than most. I have a job.
pretty prettier Natalie was prettier than her sister.

4.3 form III: Two-syllable Part II

Adjectives ending in -ed, -ing, -ful, or -less always form the comparative with more.

Adjective Comparative Example

Worried more worried She grew more worried with every passing hour.
boring more boring It seemed to her that the world could not possibly contain a
more boring room.

As a general rule, most other two-syllable adjectives also form comparatives and superlatives
with more and most, apart from those ending in -y (see point 3 above). However, a few two-
syllable adjectives can take either -er/-est or more/most

More and most are sometimes used with one-syllable adjectives as an alternative to the -er/-
est form when we particularly want to emphasize the comparison, or if the adjective occurs
with another adjective which has more than one syllable, e.g.

The icing was supposed to be pink and white, but it looked more red than pink.

That sofa might look nice, but this one is more soft and comfortable.
 10

5.0 TWO TYPES OF FAMILIES

In this section we will debate about modern and traditional family, seeing the following
contents: Compare and contrast the two types of families, difference and we show all the
advantages and disadvantages. Finally in this stage we will say what influences people to have
the type of family we have today.

5.1 Concepts

5.1.1. Traditional Family

According to Fagan, P. (2010) “The nuclear family is considered the “traditional” family. The
nuclear family consists of a mother, father, and their biological children.” (p.45)

The traditional family has typically been represented as a father, mother, and one or more
children. In this traditional structure, the father was usually the breadwinner, meaning he
would be the family’s primary source of income. The mother, on the other hand, was usually
the caretaker of the household, in that she would mind the children, the cooking, cleaning, and
so on

5.1.2 Modern Family

Modern Family” is a recurring theme, when one wants to talk about “family nowadays”, in
short, family relationships in recent times. (Fagan, P. 2010, p.54)

However, strictly speaking, nowadays it is more common to speak of post modernity. I begin
with the observation of how the present is presented, in general, which affects family
relationships.

5.2 Compare and contrast between traditional family and Modern

According to Fagan, P. (2010) “The similarities between traditional family and Modern are
many”(pp,54-78)

The first similarity is the role of women in the family. In both, the mother is the care of
affection and warmth. She always takes care of her children and her husband even if she
outside the home.
 11

Another similarity is that all member in the same family are supportive of each other and each
one respects and helps that the other. However, the man in the both is still the leader of the
family who works for his wife and children.

On the, the differences are more than the similarities. Firstly, the size of the family is
different. Traditional family are extended and consists of grandparents, uncles, aunts, parents
and children, whereseathe modern family is nuclear and contains only parents and children.

In addition, the amount of respect to elderly is different. In traditional families the respect for
the grandparents and parents is more than the respect for them in modern family. Another
difference is that the children in the traditional family must obey the rules and not break them
while in the modern family the children can do what they want without any difficult rules.

Finally, in the traditional family boys and girls are treated differently while in the modern
family the rights of girls are the same as boys.

5.3 Advantages and Disadvantages

5.3.1 Traditional Family

Today, numerous on the planet trust that there are a few advantages of a nuclear family
arrangement, while there are sure benefits of a nuclear family, the framework additionally has
a few weaknesses, as this table can show the advantages.

Advantages of Traditional Family Disadvantages of Traditional Family

Can make independent decisions Become isolated from other family members
Privacy No care and children do not get a chance to
have fun with family
Financial stability Expenses have to be handled alone
Educated children Fear to be open with the parents
Easily can shift to anyplace Insecure for older people

5.3.2 Modern Family

Some advantages of having a modern family are increased happiness and satisfaction. Studies
have shown that spending time with family can help reduce stress and anxiety, lead to a
healthier lifestyle and lengthen your life
 12

In other hand we can see that insecurity feel for widows, and at old age. In a nuclear family
widowed or old people will feel insecure since they won't have emotional or financial support,
same advantages of modern family and disadvantages of modern family:

Advantages of Modern Family Disadvantages of Modern Family

the size the family in modern family gives the But the freedom of the of the children in
parents the opportunity of love her children at modern family makes them don’t follow the
the same intensity rules of the home.
The children a free to express his feelings The children doesn’t have a respect to the
about how they feel in the family parents
The woman in modern family can have a The people in the modern family is They are
work to help his husband. not respectful between them.
 13

CONCLUSION

Review is essential for anyone who studies, as the review process helps to fix the content that
has been studied. This is because repetition leads to the absorption of as much content as
possible.

And this research brought a wide range of contents such as the grammar and those that
addressed the family.

In them the student of this research, understood that conditionals describes the result of
something that might happen (in the present or future) or might have happened but didn't (in
the past). They are made using different English verb tenses, and we understood as well that
The Comparative is the form of an adjective or adverb used to compare two things. To create
a comparative, remember that with short adjectives add -er to the end, and longer ones use
more before the adjective.

Finally we comprehend that the traditional family has typically been represented as a father,
mother, and one or more children. in this traditional structure, the father was usually the
breadwinner, meaning he would be the family’s primary source of income. the mother, on the
other hand, was usually the caretaker of the household, in that she would mind the children,
the cooking, cleaning, and so on while modern family” is a recurring theme, when one wants
to talk about “family nowadays”, in short, family relationships in recent times. however,
strictly speaking, nowadays it is more common to speak of post modernity. i begin with the
observation of how the present is presented, in general, which affects family relationships.
 14

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Greenbaum S (1996) English grammar New York Oxford University Press

Fagan, P. (2010). The Family GDP: How Marriage and Fertility Drive the Economy.

The Family in America.