Universidade Católica de Moçambique

Instituto de Educação à Distância

TOPIC: The Conditionals

Name: Samuel Manuel Rupia

Student Code: 708231506

Course: Licenciatura em Ensino

da Língua Portuguesa
Subject: English Language
Level: 1st year
Class: F

Beira, September 2023

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Universidade Católica de Moçambique
Instituto de Educação à Distância

TOPIC: The Conditionals

Name: Samuel Manuel Rupia

Student Code: 708231506

Trabalho de campo a ser Submetido na

Coordenação do Curso de Licenciatura
em Ensino da Língua Portuguesa da
UCM

Tutor: dr. Paulo Sinate

Beira, September 2023

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 Contents

Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1

Conditional ..................................................................................................................................... 2

Zero Conditional ............................................................................................................................ 2

First Conditional ............................................................................................................................ 2

Summarizing about the First Conditional .............................................................................. 3

Second Conditional ........................................................................................................................ 3

Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 4

References....................................................................................................................................... 5

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Introduction

In this field work will be explaining about the conditions in a grammar use. During this
field work I will be explaining about how to use the conditionals in English grammar
from zero conditional, first up to second conditional showing the examples.

This field work has got four parts namely introduction, development, conclusion and
references,

The aim of this job is to explain about conditionals.

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Conditional

Conditional sentences have two parts or clauses that give a condition in the dependent
clause and a result in the independent clause. The condition clause usually contains an if
statement. There are several different forms of conditional sentences that allow the
writer to express various meanings using different tenses.

 Condition (if) clause + result clause

Zero Conditional

According to Oxford dictionary and grammar, the zero conditional uses the present
tense in both clauses and is used to talk about something that is always or generally true.
The present tense signifies that these actions are both possible and typical. The zero
conditional describes situations that are always true. If has the same meaning as when
or whenever.

Form: If + simple present, simple present

Example 1: If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.

First Conditional

The first conditional refers to the present or future. First conditional sentences are used
to speculate about possible situations that can really happen, it uses the present tense in
the if clause and the future tense in the result clause. This form is used to talk about
something that is a probable future result of a condition. In the English language module
from UCM page 90, it is clear that we use First Conditional to talk about something that
might happen in the future. A sentence in the First Conditional has 2 parts (a present
verb, and a future verb). We combine these 2 parts using the word if.

E.g. : If I see you later, I will say hello.

In this example see is our present simple verb, and say is our future verb. We also have
if, so this is a good First Conditional sentence.

First Conditional sentences are about a possible future result or consequence of some
action or event.

In the example above the event or action is see, and the result or consequence is say
hello.

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Summarizing about the First Conditional

We sometimes get confused about which verb is Future, and which verb is Present. Just
remember - after if the next verb is always present.

Also, remember that in English the third person is different in the present tense. Don’t
forget to add –s, -es, or –ies at the end of the verb.

In the negative form third person uses doesn’t, not don’t.

Second Conditional

The second conditional also refers to the present or future. In second conditional
sentences we speculate about situations that will probably never happen. It uses the past
tense in the if clause and a modal and base verb in the result clause. This form is used to
talk about a hypothetical situation that cannot happen or is unlikely to happen.

Form: If + simple past, modal + base verb

E.g.: If I had more time, I would help you.

The Second Conditional is also used to talk about the future but it expresses things that
are not likely, but they are still possible.

We also use Second Conditional to express wishes or desires.

Second Conditional has 2 parts (a past verb, and the word would + infinitive verb). We
combine these 2 parts using the word if.

3
Conclusion

Summarizing about the conditionals I would like to say that There are four basic types
of conditional sentences in the English language. Each type has two parts - the main
clause and the if clause but in this field work I’ve explaining about only three types, the
zero, first and second conditionals. They describe the result of something that might
happen (in the present or future) or might have happened but didn't (in the past). They
are made using different English verb tenses.

The zero conditional is used when the result will always happen. I'm talking in general,
not about one particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is always the main clause.
The 'if' in this conditional can usually be replaced by 'when' without changing the
meaning.

The first conditional uses the present tense in the if clause and the future tense in the
result clause. This form is used to talk about something that is a probable future result of
a condition while the second conditional uses the past tense in the if clause and a modal
and base verb in the result clause. This form is used to talk about a hypothetical
situation that cannot happen or is unlikely to happen.

4
References

Farlex International. (2016). The Farlex grammar book: Complete English grammar
rules (Vol. 1).

Hewings, M. (2008). Advance Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press. Dubai.

294 p. Sara, B. and G. Mackie. (2007). Basic Grammar Expert. CTBS. China. 111 p.

Murphy R and Smalzer, W (2002) Basic Grammar in Use 2nd edition United
Kingdom: Cambridge University Press

UCM - FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION; - (2006) First Year

English Course English Department