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e fitoterápicos pelo
nutricionista
QUAIS OS FUNDAMENTOS DA
PRESCRIÇÃO DE FITOTERÁPICOS E
NUTRACÊUTICOS?
NUTRACÊUTICOS
Alimento Nutracêuticos Medicamento
Nutriente ou não-nutriente
Perspectiva
Melhorar a saúde e o fisiológica e/ou
bem-estar psicológica
Substância bioativa ou
Preparações probióticos isolados com
alegações propriedades
magistrais Nutracêuticos funcionais ou de saúde RDC 02/2002
RDC 67/2007
Alimentos com alegações de RE 18/1999
propriedades funcionais ou de RE 19/1999
saúde
Fitoterápicos Fitofármacos
RDC 26/2014
RE 24/2011
(Medicamentos Fitoterápicos ou
(Medicamento Específico)
Produtos Tradicionais Fitoterápicos)
Aminoácidos e Proteínas
Carboidratos e Fibras
Nutrientes
Ácidos Graxos e Lipídeos
Vitaminas
Minerais
Enzimas Digestivas
Não-nutrientes
Probióticos
Substâncias bioativas isoladas de
alimentos (vegetais / animais)
Caracterizando a fitoterapia
(G3)membrane inflammation
German
weed, SweetCommission
externally for skin and
False Chamomile, E
mucous and
volatile oilAqueous
component,alcoholic is extracts
well inhibited
documented 5-lipoxygenase
and is andto
similar cyclo-
of the oil. It varies in yield depending on the origin
bacterial skin diseases including oral cavity and gums. It that
(G76) is also oxygenase
of Roman activity, and
chamomile. oxidation of arachidonic
Pharmacological activity isacid, and a
003 approved for inflammations and irritations of the respiratory tract supercritical carbon dioxide extract had IC50 values of 6–25 mg/mL flowers.(2)
(G85) associated with the flavonoid and volatile oil fractions. A
le 35th edition
(by inhalation)
(G3)
and ano-genital inflammation (baths and irriga-
range of
for these three activities.(G52) The active compounds identified
pharmacological actions has been documented (e.g. Other constituents Amino acids, anthemic acid (b
tion).
07 (Matricaria Flower)(G81) included apigenin, chamazulene, cis-en-yn spiroether and (!)-a-
anti-inflammatory
bisabolol. and
(G52) antispasmodic activities)toand
Matricin, the precursor many of is
chamazulene, polysaccharide, plant and fatty acids, tannin a
F24(G86) these support the to
reported reputed
be a more herbal uses.anti-inflammatory
effective Rigorous clinicalagent than hydrocarbons (e.g. triacontane).
ume 1 1999(G63) the(2,effects
4)
chamazulene.
research assessing Anti-inflammatory activity hasis also been
of German chamomile
limited, and randomised the
documented for sesquiterpene
controlled bisabolol
clinical compounds,
trials are requiredwith
Monographs greatest activity reported for (!)-a-bisabolol,(2, 5) and for cis-
to establish the reported anti-inflammatory, wound-healing
ategory (Licensed Products) spiroether.(2) Anti-inflammatory activity (rat paw carrageenan
and sedative effects. Toxicity
test) has also been documented studies to fordatea have indicated
cis-spiroether against
chamomiledextranto beinduced
of lowoedema;
toxicity, although
no activity was allergic
observed reactions
against oedema
induced by serotonin, histamine or bradykinin.(6) In addition,
are documented.
(G3) flavonoids are known to possess anti-inflammatory activity.
uents Sedative activity Apigenin competitively inhibited binding of
Species (Family)
flunitrazepam to the central benzodiazepine receptor, but lacked
wing
81)
is compiled from several sources, including General
Matricaria activity atL.
recutita other receptors, including muscarinic, a1-adrenorecep-
(Asteraceae/Compositae)
tor and GABAA.(G52) High-performance liquid chromatography
s G2, G6 and G52. (HPLC) fractions of a methanol extract displaced flunitrazepam
Synonym(s)
from its receptors in rat cerebellum membranes and muscimol
ns Umbelliferone and its methyl ether, heniarin.
Chamomillafrom GABA (L.)
recutita receptors in rat cortical
Rauschert, membranes,
Hungarian due to the
Chamomile,
presence of GABA in the fractions. Prolongation of hexobarbital-
ds Apigenin,
2 German apigetrin, apiin, Matricaria
luteolin, Flowers,
quercetin, Scented Mayweed, Sweet False Chamomile,
induced sleeping time and reduction in activity of mice have been
roducts)
Figure chamomile (Matricaria recutita).
Wild Chamomile
itrin and rutin. documented.(G52)
Anti-ulcerogenic activity Anti-ulcerogenic activity in rats has
oils 0.24–1.9%. Pharmacopoeial standard Part(s)
not lessUsed
than
been reported for (!)-a-bisabolol; the development of ulcers
(G84) (2, 7)
ue oil. Main components are (!)-a-bisabolol (upinduced
Flowerhead to by indometacin, stress or ethanol was inhibited.
(2)
and chamazulene
veral sources, (1–15%).
including General Others include (!)-a-Antimicrobial and antiviral activities German chamomile oil
has been reported
Pharmacopoeial and Otherto have Monographs
antifungal activity and antibacterial
oxide A and B, (!)-a-bisabolone oxide A, spiroethers activity against Gram-positive bacteria.(G52) The coumarin
(G6)
and trans-en-yn-dicycloether), sesquiterpenes
BHC 1992 (e.g.
herniarin has antibacterial
Figure and antifungal
1 Selected activities of
constituents in German
the chamomile.
s methyl ether, heniarin. (G9)
BHP 1996 presence of UV light. Antibacterial activity has been documented
(2)
for the coumarin
BP 2007 (Matricaria Flower) constituents.
(G84) An ethanolic extract of the entire
n, apiin, luteolin, quercetin, plant has been reported to (G3)inhibit the growth of poliovirus and
Complete German Commission
herpesvirus.(8) E
ESCOP 2003(G76)
activity Antispasmodic activity on the isolated
opoeial standard not less than Martindale Antispasmodic
35th edition(G85)
guinea-pig ileum has been (G81)documented for the flavonoid and
nents are (!)-a-bisabolol (up to Ph Eur 2007bisabolol
(Matricaria Flower)
constituents.(2, 9)
Greatest activity was exhibited by the
(G86)
%).(2) Others
Figure include
3 German (!)-a-
chamomile USP29/NF24flavonoids, especially apigenin which was found to be more than
– dried drug substance (flowerhead).
WHO volume 1 1999(G63)
isabolone oxide A, spiroethers
Matricharia
loether), sesquiterpenes (e.g. recutita
Figure 1 Selected constituents of German chamomile. Barnes, 2007
Legal Category (Licensed Products)
PLANTAS"MEDICINAIS"
(Lei"5991/1973)"
Uso"não"medicinal" Uso"medicinal"
DROGAS"VEGETAIS"
DERIVADO(VEGETAL( Uso"medicinal"
Chás" (EXTRATOS)(
alimenLcios" Chás"
(RDC(27/2010;( medicinais"
RDC(219/2006;(
RDC(267/2005;(
FITOTERÁPICO( (RDC"26/2014)"
RDC(277/2005(
MANIPULADO" INDUSTRIALIZADO(
MEDICAMENTO( PRODUTO(
( FARMÁCIAS( FITOTERÁPICO( TRADICIONAL(
FARMÁCIAS(DE( VIVAS((RDC" (REGISTRO"COMUM" FITOTERÁPICO(
MANIPULACÃO( 18/2013)" OU"SIMPLIFICADO)" (REGISTRO"
(RDC"67/2007"/" (RDC"26/2014)" SIMPLIFICADO"OU"
87/2008)" NOTIFICADO)"
(RDC"26/2014"e" 3"
IN"02/2014)"
Quais são os profissionais com
permissão para a prescrição de
fitoterápicos no brasil?
BIOMEDICINA NUTRIÇÃO
RE CFN 525/2013
RE CFBM 241/2014
RE CFN 556/2015
ODONTOLOGIA
RE CFO 82/2008
FARMÁCIA
RE CFF 585/2013
FITOTERAPIA RE CFF 586/2015
FISIOTERAPIA
RE COFFITO 380/2010
ENFERMAGEM
MEDICINA RE COFEN 197/1997
Ponto crítico na prescrição de
preparações magistrais fitoterápicas
Fitoterapia científica
ocidental
Fitoterapia popular
Fitoterapia tradicional
Critério de seleção de PM&F
Evidências científicas
NECESSIDADE
BENEFÍCIO
USO RACIONAL
RISCO
DE MEDICAMENTOS
CONVENIÊNCIA
CUSTO
OMS, 2001
ONDE ENCONTRAR FONTES
CONFIÁVEIS E PRÁTICAS?
Referências sobre PM&F/Nutracêuticos
• Fontes terciárias
• Literatura reconhecida pela ANVISA (RDC 26/2014)
• Memento fitoterápico da Farmacopeia Brasileira
• Formulário fitoterápico da Farmacopeia Brasileira
Exemplos de livros reconhecidos (RDC 26/2014)
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Examine.com
http://examine.com/
ALTMEDEX • MICROMEDEX DATABASE
@prof.leandromedeiros
ALGUNS EXEMPLOS…
Piperina + Curcumina
Curcumina 2.000 mg
Piperina* 20 mg
• Aumento da
biodisponibilidade de
curcumina em 20x
@prof.leandromedeiros
British Journal of Nutrition (2011), 106, 1297–1309 41
the mechanisms for the thermogenic effects of vanillylamine combined with a fatty acid (Fig. 1).
capsinoids, particularly the critical roles of transient Capsaicin is the major pungent component, which
TRP Cold
(V1, M8, A1,
etc)
Food ingredients
Sympathetic Capsaicin
nerve CH3 O
O
HO N
H
Noradrenaline
Capsiate
CH3 O
O
bAR bAR bAR
HO O
UCP1
TG Menthol
UCP1 OH
UCP1
CH3
FIGURE 1. Mechanism of cold-induced and capsinoid-induced activation of brown adipose Curr Opin Lipidol
tissue. Acute 2013, 24:71–77
stimulation of TRP by
either cold or food ingredients elicits sympathetic nerve activation, leading to UCP1-dependent thermogenesis in brown
adipose tissue and lipid mobilization in white adipose tissue. Chronic stimulation gives rise not only to the hyperplasia of
brown adipose tissue but also the induction of UCP1-positive beige cells in white adipose tissue, which also contributes to
acts (up to 92,000 μg/g in dried in C. aurantium [23], namely synephrine, octopamine
ight-loss and athletic-performance- N-methyltyramine, and tyramine (Fig. 1), were tested
cts [2, 10, 18–23]. Evidently, the on human fat cell preparations highly responsive to
OH
NH 2
Octopamine hydrochloride HO
HCl
NHCH3
N-methyltryamine hydrochloride HO
HCl
NH2 HCl
Tyramine hydrochloride HO
OH CH3
NH
Isoprenaline hydrochloride HO HCl
CH3
HO
• Ácido fólico:
– Ultrapassa NMS/
UL (1.000 mcg/dia)
• Arginina:
– Subdose
• Associação com
ausência de
benefício adicional
Erros de prescrições por nutricionistas
• Bella fiber:
– Insumo codificado
• Possivelmente, formulação
para fins de emagrecimento
– Presença de plantas sem
evidências/tradicionalidade
de uso
• Ausência de evidência de
benefícios com as
associações
REFLEXÕES
REFLEXÕES
Mercado de fitoterápicos no Brasil predominantemente
movimentado por nutricionistas
CRN4:
Motivado pelas experiências
Eliane Moreira Vaz profissionais/acadêmicas e da
necessidade de atenção especial à
fitoterapia como recurso terapêutico por
Especialistas:
CRN4:
Dr. XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX – CRN X/ XXXXX Dr. XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX – CRN X/ XXXXX
NUTRICIONISTA HABILITADO EM PRESCRIÇÃO DE FITOTERÁPICOS, NUTRICIONISTA HABILITADO EM PRESCRIÇÃO DE FITOTERÁPICOS,
DE ACORDO COM AS RESOLUÇÕES CFN 525/2013 e 556/2015 DE ACORDO COM AS RESOLUÇÕES CFN 525/2013 e 556/2015
Modo de uso: Tomar 1 dose, às 10 h e 1 dose às 16 h, por 90 dias. Não repetir • Cobrir o conteúdo de 1 colher de café rasa em 30 mL de água
receita. • Deixar em temperatura ambiente por 1 hora
• Agitar ocasionalmente e coar
Tomar 1 cálice (30 mL), 2x/dia, antes das refeições, por 3 meses. Não repetir
Uso oral: receita.
Data
Assinatura
Carimbo
26 24
VALEU! =)
@prof.leandromedeiros
contato@leandromedeiros.com.br
www.facebook.com/groups/falandosobrefitoterapia/
Currículo Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2503234635393138